ML20115D050
| ML20115D050 | |
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|---|---|
| Site: | 05200004 |
| Issue date: | 06/30/1996 |
| From: | Herzog M, Torbeck J GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. |
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| ML20115D048 | List: |
| References | |
| NEDO-32608, NUDOCS 9607120265 | |
| Download: ML20115D050 (61) | |
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GE NuclearEnergy NEDO-32608 DRF T15-00013 Class 1 June 1996 GIRAFFE SBWR Helium Series Test Report M. Herzog 38872$8Sei $3$$$o4 A PDR
I NEDO-32608 DRF T15-00013 Class 1 June 1996 i
GIRAFFE SBWR HELIUM SERIES TEST REPORT Prepared by: et4.s.r=,.~
"M. Ilerz$g, Senior'$ngirke# j SBWR Test Responsible Engineer i Reviewed by:
. E. Torbeck, Project Manager SBWR Test Programs 6
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NEDO-32608 IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING CONTENTS OF THIS REPORT .
Please Read Carefully The only undertakings of the General Electric Company (GE) respecting information in this I
document are contained in the contract between the customer and GE, as identified in the '
purchase order for this report and nothing in this document shall be construed as changing the j I
contract. The use of this information by anyone other than the customer, or for any purpose other than that for which it is intended, is not authorized; and with respect to any unauthorized use, GE and Toshiba make no representatio 1 or warranty, and assume no liability as to the completeness, accuracy, or usefulness of the information contained in this document.
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I NEDO-32608 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1-1 2.0 OBJECTIVES AND TEST MATRIX 2-1 2.1 Test Objectives 2-1 2.2 Test Matrix 2-1 l 2.3 Justification of Test Conditions 2-2 l
3.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION 3-1 3.1 GIRAFFE Design Concept and Scaling Philosophy 3-1 l
3.2 GIRAFFE Components 3-1 3.3 Piping and Valves 3-1 3.4 Vessels 3-1 3.5 Heat Loss Avoidance 3-3 1 3.6 Test Procedures 3-3 3.7 Facility Characterization Tests 3-3 4.0 INSTRUMENTATION 4-1 4.1 General Description 4-1 4.2 Temperature Measurements 4-1 4.3 Absolute and Differential Pressure Measurements 4-1 4.4 Water Level Measurements 4-1 4.5 Flow Rate Measurements 4-1 4.6 Heater Power Measurements ( .1 4.7 Noncondensible Gas Concentration Measurements 4-2 5.0 DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM 5-1 5.1 Hardware Configuration 5-1 5.2 Data Reduction 5-1 l .
l 6.0 TEST RESULTS AND EVALUATION 6-1 l
l 6.1 Test HI Results 6-1 6.2 Test H2 Results 6-1 6.3 Test H3 Results 6-2 6.4 Test H4 Results 6-2 l
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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6.5 Test Tl Results 6-2 6.6 Test T2 Results 6-3 i 7.0
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS 7-1
8.0 REFERENCES
8-1 l APPENDICES A. TEST PROCEDURES A-1 B. FACILITY CHARACTERIZATION TESTS B-1 C. DATA FORMAT C-1 i l
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LIST OF TABLES -
Table Page 2.1 Helium Test Series Test Matrix 2-4 2.2 Helium Test Series Initial Conditions 2-4 :
2.3 GIRAFFE He Test TI Initial Conditions 2-5 2.4 GIRAFFE He Test T2 Initial Conditions 2-6 6.1 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test HI 6-4 6.2 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H2 6-5 6.3 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H3 6-6 :
6.4 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H4 6-7 '
6.5 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test T1 6-8 2 6.6 Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test T2 6-9 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 4-1 Noncondensible Gas Sampling Locations for Drywell and Suppression Chamber 4-3 4
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS l*
i DAS Data Acquisition System DPVL % pressurization Valve Line
. D/W Drywell
, GC Gas Chromatograph l
l -GDCS Gravity-Driven Cooling System GDCSRL - GDCS Return Line GE General Electric GIRAFFE Gravity-Driven Integral Full-Height Test for Passive Heat Removal l HVL Horizontal Vent Line (LOCA Vent)
ICRL Isolation Condenser Retum Line LOCA Loss-of Coolant Accident MSLBL Main Steam Line Break Line NWL Normal Water Level OLC One Loop Controller PCC Passive Containment Cooling l PCCS Passive Containment Cooling System PCCGVL PCC Gas Vent Line PCCRL PCC Return Line l PCCSSL PCC Steam Supply Line
! SBWR Simplified Boiling Water Reactor S/B Steam Box S/C Suppression Chamber SSAR Standard Safety Analysis Report TAF Top of Active Fuel T/C Thermocouple TOGE Toshiba/GE l
l TRACG Transient Reactor Analysis Code, GE Version j VBL Vacuum Breaker Line l
W/B Water Box W/W Wetwell vi
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The GIRAFFE Helium series tests were conducted by the Toshiba Corporation at their GIRAFFE test facility in Kawasaki City, Japan. The purpose of these tests was to demonstrate the operation of the Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS) in post-accident containment environments with the presence of both lighter-than-steam and heavier-than-steam noncondensible gases. These tests also provide a database for the qualification of containment response predictions in the presence of lighter-than-steam noncondensible gases by the TRACG computer program.
These tests are part of an extensive experimental program to study the perfonnance of SBWR passive systems. The GIRAFFE Helium tests were primarily focused on simulating the response of the SBWR containment cooling systems during the part of the post-LOCA transient which follows the injection of water into the reactor vessel from the Gravity-Driven Cooling System (GDCS). This period starts at approximately one hour after reactor scram. At this time in the LOCA, the reactor vessel is depressurized and in approximate equilibrium with the drywell.
During this period, the principal means of removing decay heat from the containment is via the PCCS.
Section 2 describes the objectives of the test program and also provides the test matrix. Section 3 provides a d,;scription of the test facility. Section 4 describes the instrumentation used.
Section 5 describes the Data Acquisition System (DAS), including the hardware and data reduction. Section 6 describes the test results and includes an evaluation of these results.
Section 7 provides the helium test program conclusions.
Additional supplemental information is provided in the appendices to this report. Appendix A describes the test procedures. The facility characterization tests are described in Appendix B.
Appendix C discusses the test data and provides the format of the test data files.
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l l 2.0 OBJECTIVES AND TEST MATRIX 2.1 TEST OBJECTIVES l' The objectives of the GIRAFFE Helium Test Program (Reference 8.1) are:
Demonstrate the operation of a passive containment cooling system with the presence of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas, including demonstrating the process of purging noncondensibles from the PCC condenser.
o Provide a database to confirm the adequacy of TRACG to predict SBWR containment l system performance in the presence of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas, including potential systems interaction effects.
- Provide a tie-back test, which includes the appropriate Quality Assurance documentation to repeat a previous GIRAFFE test.
2.2 TEST MATRIX l Helium Test Serits The series of helium tests (designated as Test Group H) was conducted to demonstrate the operation of the PCCS with the presence of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas. Four tests with lighter-than-steam, heavier-than-steam, and mixtures of heavier- and lighter-than-steam noncondensible gases were included. Table 2.1 provides the test matrix which gives the initial
- DAV conditions and helium injection rate for each test. Table 2.2 provides all other initial l conditions for the helium series tests. Each test ran for at least 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br />. The helium tests were run in accordance with JEAG-4101 Quality Assurance Guidelines.
The following provides the purpose and additional descriptive information for each t'est:
Test H1 was the base case with nomin I initial conditions similar to the SBWR l containment at one hour after the initiation of a LOCA due to a guillotine rupture of one of the main steam lines. Initial conditions are given in Tables 2.1 and 2.2.
Test H2 was a repeat of Test H1, but with helium replacing the total volume of nitrogen in the drywell (DAV). Initial conditions are given in Tables 2.1 and 2.2.
Test H3 had the same initial total DAV pressure as Tests H1 and H2, but with the initial noncondensible fraction consisting of a helium / nitrogen mixture. Initial conditions are given in Tables 2.1 and 2.2.
Test H4 started with the same initial DAV conditions as Test H1, and had constant
, helium injection to the DAV. The helium addition rate was such that the helium was 2-1 i
i NEDO-32608 injected over a period of one hour. The h6ium injection was terminated when the total mass of helium added was equal to the initial D/W helium mass for Test H3.
Initial conditions are given in Tables 2.1 and 2.2. .
System response from the four tests is compared in Section 6 to show the effect of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible, or a mixture of lighter-than-steam and heavier-than-steam -
noncondensibles, on the effectiveness of heat rejection by the PCC heat exchanger.
Tests H1 through H4 demonstrate the operation of the PCCS with the presence of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas. These tests meet the requirements of Test Objective 1.
Tests H1 through H4 provide data for TRACG qualification to accomplish Test Objective 2.
" Tie-Back" Test Series The " Tie-back" series of tests (designated as Test Group T) was conducted to repeat a previous GIRAFFE test and to run an additional test with nitrogen. This series of two tests was also run in accordance with JEAG-4101 Quality Assurance Guidelines. One of these tests was a repeat of an earlier GIRAFFE test which was not conducted in full compliance with JEAG-4101. It was anticipated that the test results would match those of the earlier test, thus demonstrating its l technical accuracy. Test T1, the test chosen for repeat, is a main steam line break test. Test initial conditions are given in Table 2.3. Test T2 test conditions were similar to those of Test H1, but have initial drywell nitrogen content intermediate to Tests H1 and T1. Initial conditions for 1 Test T2 are given in Table 2.4.
The combination of GIRAFFE Helium Tests H1 through H4, T1, and T2 forms a comprehensive database for investigation of the operation of the PCC heat exchanger in the presence of i noncondensibles, and meets the requirements of Test Objective 1. Test Tl is a repeat of a previous GIRAFFE main steam line break test and it meets the requirements of Test Objective 3. !
l 2.3 JUSTIFICATION OF TEST CONDITIONS Choice of the Base Case (H1)
Test H1, defined as the Base Case for Test Groups H and T, utilizes the same initial conditions as i PANDA Test M3. The decision to use common initial conditions for the GIRAFFE / Helium and l PANDA base cases is advantageous from the test philosophy standpoint to facilitate comparison l of the two tests at different scales.
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Initial conditions for Test H1 were determined using the TRACG evaluation for the SBWR RPV and containment at one hour post-LOCA for a main steam line break. This evaluation was made ;
using the SBWR TRACG integrated system containment model. The TRACG model l incorporates a representation of the RPV and the associated systems (ADS, GDCS) which simulate a containment response starting from the beginning of the LOCA. '
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Other Tests The other tests specified as part of the GIRAFFE Helium program were defined in cuch a way as l_. to investigate PCCS operation for a range of both lighter-than-steam and heavier-than-steam
! noncondensible conditions.
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Test H2 initial conditions re the same as those of Test H1, except all the nitrogen used in Test H1 is replaced with helium to obtain a one-to-one comparison of PCCS performance in the l presence oflighter-than-steam and heamr-than-steam noncondensibles.
! The purpose of Tests H3 and H4 is to d:monstrate the effect of a high concentration of a lighter-I than-steam gas on the performance ci the PCCS. For Test H3, 0.97 kg of helium gas was injected into the upper, n !ddle and lower D/W prior to the start of the test. This amount of helium has a volume equal to approximately 23% of the volume of the GIRAFFE D/W. Since this quantity is equal to approximately sixty times the PCC condenser volume, it was a sufficiently high quantity of helium to capture the prototypical behavior of lighter-than-steam gases on the performance of the PCCS. For Test H4,0.97 kg of helium gas was injected into the upper, middle and lower D/W at a constant rate for the first hour of the test.
l Test Tl initial coaditions are the same as those used for a GIRAFFE main steam line break test
! performed in 1993. For Test T2, the total nitrogen mass for the D/W and suppression chamber is equal tc the total nitrogen mass for Test Hl. The initial D/W nitrogen mass for Test T2 is approximately midway between that for Tests H1 and T1.
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NEDO-32608 Table 2.1 Helium Test Series Test Matrix l DrywellInitial Partial Pressures .
(KPa)(i2 KPa)
GIRAFFE Helium Injection Rate .,
Test No. (kg/sec) Nitrogen Steam Helium H1 0 13 281 0 H2 0 0 281 13 H3 0 13 214 67 H4 0.00027 13 281 0 Table 2.2 Helium Test Series Initial Conditions Parameter Value Tolerance RPV Pressure (KPa) 295 6 KPa Initial Heater Power (kW) 93 1kW RPV Water Level (m)* 12.0 0.150 m Drywell Pressure (KPa) 294 i4 KPa Wetwell Pressure (KPa) 285 i4 KPa Wetwell Nitrogen Pressure (KPa) 240 14 KPa GDCS Gas Space Pressure (KPa) 294 4 KPa GDCS Nitrogen Pressure (KPa) 274 i4 KPa Suppression Pool Ternperature (K) 352 2K PCC Pool Temperature (K) 373 12 K GDCS Pool Temperature (K) 333 i2 K GDCS Pool Level * (m) l Suppression Pool Level * (m) 3.25 0.075 m ,
PCC Pool Collapsed Water Level * (m) 23.2 i0.075 m PCC Vent Line Submergence (m) 0.95 0.075 m .
- Referenced to the Top of Active Fuel (TAF).
- GDCS pool 1: vel should be positioned in hydrostatic equilibrium with the RPV level
- (including an appropriate adjustment for temperature difference).
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NEDO-32608 Table 2.3 GIRAFFE He Test TI Initial Conditions
. Parameter Value Tolerance RPV Pressure (KPa) 189 6 KPa
- l RPV Collapsed Water Level (m)* 9.1 0.150 m !
l Initial Heater Power (kW) 96 1kW '
Drywell Total Pressure (KPa) 188 4 KPa Drywell Nitrogen Panial Pressure (KPa) 53 4 KPa Drywell Steam Partial Pressure (KPa) 135 4 KPa f Wetwell Pressure (KPa) 174 4 KPa Wetwell Nitrogen Pressure (KPa) 164 4 KPa GDCS Pool Gas Space Total Pressure (KPa) 188 4 KPa GDCS Pool Gas Space Nitrogen Partial Pressure (KPa) 151 i4 KPa Suppression F .ol Temperature (K) 326 2K i PCC Pool'Ia.nperature (K) 373 i2 K GDCS Pool Temperature (K) 350 i2 K GDCS Pool Level * (m) 14.1 0.075 m Suppression Pool Level * (m) 3.5 0.075 m i PCC Pool Collapsed Water Level * (m) 23.2 0.075 m PCC Vent Line Submergence (m) 0.90 0.075 m l
- Referenced to the TAF.
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l Table 2.4 GIRAFFE He Test T2 Initial Conditions Parameter Value Tolerance .
RPV Pressure (KPa) 267 16 KPa RPV Water Level (m)* 12.0 0.150 m Initial Heater Power (kW) 93 1kW Drywell Total Pressure (KPa) 266 i4 KPa Drywell Nitrogen Partial Pressure (KPa) 38 i4 KPa Drywell Steam Partial Pressure (KPa) 228 4 KPa Wetwell Pressure (KPa) 257 4 KPa j Wetwell Nitrogen Pressure (KPa) 212 i4 KPa GDCS Pool Gas Space Total Pressure (KPa) 266 i4 KPa GDCS Pool Gas Space Nitrogen Partial Pressure (KPa) 246 i4 KPa Suppression Pool Temperature (K) 352 i2 K PCC Pool Temperature (K) 373 2K GDCS Pool Temperature (K) 333 2K GDCS Pool Level * (m) 0.075 m Suppression Pool Level * (m) 3.25 i0.075 m PCC Pool Collapsed Water Level * (m) 23.2 0.075 m l PCC Vent Line Submergence (m) 0.95 0.075 m
- Referenced to the TAF.
- GDCS pool level should be positioned in hydrostatic equilibrium with the RPV level (including an appropriate adjustment for temperature difference). l S
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NEDO-32608 3.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION The GIRAFFE facility was designed and built by Toshiba to investigate the thermal-hydraulic
, performance of the SBWR passive heat removal safety systems and to support SBWR design certification and TRACG code qualification. The following describes the GIRAFFE facility configuration for the helium test program.
3.1 GIRAFFE DESIGN CONCEPT AND SCALING PHILOSOPHY The GIRAFFE facility is a large scale, integral system test facility designed to exhibit post-LOCA thermal-hydraulic behavior similar to the SBWR systems that are important to long-term containment cooling following a LOCA.
For long-term post-LOCA transients, most flow paths are driven primarily by gravitational forces; therefore, GIRAFFE was designed with a nominal height scaling of 1:1 with the SBWR design. Elevation differences between the various vessels and piping have been preserved. The global volume scaling of the facility is approximately 1:400 of the SBWR design. The radial dimensions have been scaled down to 1:20 of the SBWR dimensions.
3.2 GIRAFFE COMPONENTS The SBWR components which are simulated in the GIRAFFE facility are: Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV), Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS), Gravity-Driven Cooling System (GDCS), Drywell (D/W), Suppression Chamber (S/C) and the connecting piping and valves. ;
Five separate vessels represent the SBWR RPV, D/W, S/C, GDCS pools and the PCCS pool. l Electric heaters provide a variable power source to simulate the core decay heat and the stored l energy in the reactor stmetures.
3.3 PIPING AND VALVES The GIRAFFE vessels are connected with scaled piping components to represent the connecting lines in the SBWR. Each line was sized and orificed to allow for prototypical pressure drops at the 1:400 scaled mass flow rates.
3.4 VESSELS
, Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV)
The RPV 4 simulated in ful! height from the bottom of the core to the main steam line nozzle in order to s alate the SBWK RPV to PCC and RPV to GDCS pool vertical elevation differences.
Although the upper and lower oarts of the RPV are shorter than those of the SBWR, the volume scaling is maintained at approrimately 1:400. The RPV contains an electric heater which is controlled to match the SBWR de :ay heat and stored energy release.
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NEDO-32608 Drywell(D/W)
The D/W is simulated by one approximately full height vessel. The upper D/V', including the annular portion of the D/W, is almost a full height simulation. Although the apper and lower -
portions are shortened, the volumes are scaled to approximately 1:400. Cross-sectional area variation with height is included to simulate the actual SBWR configuration in order to account .
for the axial distributions in nitrogen and helium concentrations. The relauve elevations of the main steam line, the LOCA vent line and the vacuum breaker line (VBL) are full height to simulate the actual SBWR configuration and steam-gas mixture flow to and from the proper location of the D/W. The vacuum breakers between the D/W and the S/C are represented by a ball valve connected to the pipe line between the D/W and the S/C. The operator manually opens the ball valve when the S/C pressure equals or exceeds the D/W pressure by the SBWR V/B opening setpoint pressure and then closes the ball valve when the differential pressure between the S/C and the D/W drops to the SBWR vacuum breaker (V/B) closing setpoint pressure.
Suppression Chamber The S/C is simulated by one full height vessel. Both the S/C air space volume and the S/P volume are scaled to approximately 1:400. There are three lines connected to the S/C: (1) ]
noncondensible gas vent line; (2) horizontal vent line (LOCA vent line); and (3) vacuum breaker i line. The relative submergence of the PCC vent line to the LOCA vent line is established to simulate the SBWR noncondensible venting characteristics.
GDCS Pools l The three SBWR GDCS pools are simulated by one full height vessel. The GDCS pool air space )
and the D/W vessel are connected by a large diameter line to equalize their pressures. The j GDCS vessel volume is scaled to approximately 1:400. l l
PCC Condensers The GIRAFFE PCC condenser is a scaled representation of the three SBWR PCCS condensers.
The GIRAFFE PCC condenser consists of a steam box, three heat transfer tubes and a water box.
The steam box outer surface is thermally insulated. The three PCC heat transfer tubes are full length and have a flow area per tube approximately equal to the SBWR flow area per tube. The PCCS heat transfer tubes are somewhat thicker than the SBWR tubes; as a result, the PCC heat removal capability is approximately 1:690 of the SBWR PCCS condenser heat removal capability. The clearance between the adjacent heat transfer tubes and the secondary side flow cross-sectional area per tube is also full scale so that the thermal-hydraulic behavior of the PCCS .
pool is well simulated. The noncondensible gas vent line stands in the airspace of the water box and is closed at its top and has inlet holes at the vertical surface to avoid water drainage through the vent line. The PCCS condenser is connected to the D/W, wetwell (W/W) and GDCS pool.
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NEDO-32608 PCC Pool The PCCS condenser is installed in a pool composed of a makeup pool with a chimney and cavity arrangement in which the PCC condenser is set. The makeup pool simulates the SBWR IC/PCC pools adjacent to the SBWR PCCS pool. In the PCCS pool, a chimney separates the
, boiling region around the PCC tubes from the subcooled water outside. The pool circulates along the chimney and boils off to the atmosphere. The PCCS pool water volume is scaled to approximately 1:400.
3.5 HEAT LOSS AVOIDANCE Since GIRAFFE is located outside, insulation and microheaters were utilized to minimize the facility heat loss to the outside. Vessels, piping and flanges are encased by fiberglass insulation covered with metal jackets. Since the insulation did not eliminate all heat losses, in order to further minimize heat losses, microheaters were installed beneath the insulation on the D/W vertical walls, the S/C vertical walls and roof, the GDCS pool vertical walls and the LOCA vent line. Appendix B describes the heat loss tests which were performed to determine the microheater power settings to be used during the helium series tests.
3.6 TEST PROCEDURES GIRAFFE helium testing follows a methodology similar to that used in PANDA. Once the l l
initial conditions for a given test were established, all control (except for the decay of RPV power and helium injection, if called for) were terminated, and the GIRAFFE containment was allowed to function without operator intervention (except that the vacuum breaker was operated manually to simulate automatic operation in SBWR and S/C microheater power adjustments were made), mirroring the SSAR assumptions for the SBWR.
3.7 FACILITY CHARACTERIZATION TESTS Facility shakedown and plant characterization tests were conducted prior to the matrix tests.
The plant characterization tests consisted of the following:
Heat loss tests Piping pressure loss tests Helium leak tests l Facility heat losses were compensated for by insulation and microheater power and additional RPV bundle power. Therefore, heat loss tests were performed to confirm the required microheater power settings and the required additional RPV bundle heater power.
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i Piping pressure loss tests were performed to confirm that the GIRAFFE piping pressure losses were approximately equal to the 1:400 scaled pressure losses for SBWIL 3-3 I
NEDO-32608 Helium leak tests were performed to confirm that no helium leakage would occur during the matrix tests. The procedures used and the results of the helium leak tests are provided in Appendix B. .
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4.0 INSTRUMENTATION 4.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Measurements were taken throughout the facility for temperature, flow rate, absolute and differential pressure, water level and heater power. Test instrumentation was calibrated against standards equivalent to the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
4.2 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS Fluid temperatures and wall temperatures were measured using Chromel-Alumel (CA) type thermocouples made by Sukegawa Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.
4.3 ABSOLUTE AND DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS Absolute and differential pressure were measured using pressure transducers.
4.4 WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS Water level measurements were derived from the differential pressure transducer measurements.
4.5 FLOW RATE MEASUREMENTS The flow rates for the following lines were measured using the listed devices:
Steam and noncondensible gas mixture PCC supply line (venturi flow meter)
. PCC drain line to GDCS pool (electromagnetic flow meter) e GDCS supply line to the RPV (electromagnetic flow meter)
. Continuous helium supply line to the D/W (mass flow controller).
The equation used to calculate the flow rate is given in Section 5.2.4.
4.6 HEATER POWER MEASUREMENTS The heater power systems are composed of the RPV bundle heater and the microheaters wrapped around the outside of the vessels and some of the connecting piping. The RPV bundle heater power was measured by multiplying the measured voltage and current. The vessel and piping microheater power was determined by measuring the voltage, and then the power was calculated using the known heater resistance and the measured voltage.
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NEDO-32608 4.7 NONCONDENSIBLE GAS CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS Noncondensible gas samples were collected at one-hour time intervals during the GIRAFFE Helium series tests. Samples of the process fluid were collected at two locations in the D/W and -
I one location in the S/C during all of the tests. Samples were analyzed using gas
- chromatography. It was necessary to limit the total number and volume of the samples taken, so ,
l as not to affect the test results. This data was used to validate indirect measurements of l noncondensible concentration inferred from temperature measurements. The noncondensible gas l concentration sampling locations are shown in Figure 4-1. The range for the noncondensible gas volumetric concentration measurements is 0 to 100%. The maximum measurement error is 3%
of full scale.
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LE LOCATh
! NWL !
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l WhLE LOCATI D/W (NEAR TO AND ABOVE ELEVATION OF T/C TE D01)
Figure 4-1. Noncondensible Gas Sampling Locations for Drywell and Suppression Chamber l
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NEDO-32608 5.0 DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM 5.1 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION The GIRAFFE test facility has an integrated data acquisition system (DAS) for digitally acquired quantities. The DAS acquires signals from thermocouples, pressure transducers, flow rate meters and heaters that are described in Section 4.0. The GIRAFFE DAS is composed of the following main components:
. Data recording system (TEAC DR-2000) e Personal computer (HP 9000/382) e Plotter (HP 7550A)
A personal computer is used to read the binary data and convert it to digital electrical voltage.
The electrical voltage is then reduced to engineering units (Section 5.2) and sent to the data disk storage.
l 5.2 DATA REDUCTION 5.2.1 Temperature Temperatures were measured using thermocouples. A linear conversion from the electrical l signal to engineering units was done to generate the temperature measurements. I l
l 5.2.2 Absolute and Differet +1 Pressure Absolute and differential pressures were measured using pressure transducers. A linear conversion from the electrical signal to engineering units was done to generate the absolute and j differential pressure measurements.
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! 5.2.3 Water Level Water levels were measured using differential pressure transducers. The measured differential
' . pressures were generated as described in Section 5.2.2. The following formula was used to calculate the water level using the measured differential pressure as one of the inputs:
L = AP / (g x p) where: p = liquid density
, AP = static pressure difference g = gravitational acceleration 5-1 i
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NEDO-32608 5.2.4 Flow Rate Liquid flow rates were measured using electromagnetic flow meters. The following formula was used to calculate the liquid volumetric flow rate, Q: -
Q = E/(4K x B/(n x D)) ,
where: E= Faraday inducticn output voltage K= empirical constant B= magnetic field flux D= pipe inner diuneter The stun and noncondensible gas mixture PCC supply line mass flow rate was measured using a ventua type flow meter. The following formula was used to calculate the mass flow rate:
w = 0.012511 x a x p2 x c x D2 x sqrt (p x AP) where: w = steam and noncondensible gas mass flow rate a = flow rate coefficient l
= diameter ratio i e = approach velocity coefficient D = pipe diameter l
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p = steam density (steam density referenced from saturated steam tables for total measured pressure)
AP = measured differential pressure The PCC supply line mass flow rate equation given above assumes that the density of the steam and noncondensible gas mixture is approximately equal to the density of 100% steam. The met sured steam and uncondensible gas concentrations in the upper D/W are provided in Section .
- 6. These concentrations show that during the first hour of the tests, the noncondensible gas volumetiic concentrations in the upper D/W are as high as 7.3%. During the last seven hours of '
the tests, the noncondensible gas volumetric concentrations are less than 3%. It is expected that the gas mixture flowing from the top of the upper D/W to the PCC will have similar noncor.densible gas concentrations. Since the noncondensible gas concentrations are lesc than 10% at all times, it is concluded that the gas mixture density will be approximately equal to the steam density. Therefore, it is considered acceptable to use steam density to calculate the PCC supply line mass flow rate.
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NEDO-32608 5.2.5 RPV Bundle Heater Power and Microbeater Power The RPV bundle heater power, Q, was calculated by multiplying the measured voltage and current.
, The microheater power was calculated using the following equation:
Q = Measured Voltage squared / Microheater Resistance 5.2.6 Steam and Noncondensible Gas Sample Volume Concentrations Equations used to detennine the steam and gas volumetric concentrations for the gas samples collected from the D/W and S/C are given in Section A.7 of Appendix A. :
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NEDO-32608 6.0 TEST RESULTS AND EVALUATION The test results and evaluation are provided in this section.
The tests were conducted from May 1995 through August 1995. Prior to the start of each test, the initial conditions were checked to confirm that they were within the tolerance described in the test specification (Reference 8.1). None of the critical instmments failed during the tests.
The four helium series tests demonstrate the operation of the PCCS in post-accident containment enviromnents with the presence of both heavier-than-steam and lighter-than-steam noncondensible gases. The initial ar. ounts of steam and noncondensible gases in the DAV were varied for each test. Test initial conditions are provided in Section 2.
The two tie-back tests demonstrate the operation of the PCCS in post-accident containment environments with the presence of high initial concentrations of nitrogen in the DAV. The initial amounts of steam and nitrogen in the D/W, as well as the initial containment pressures, were varied for each test. Test initial conditions are provided in Section 2.
l 6.1 TEST H1 RESULTS Test H1 is the base test case with nominal initial conditions for the SBWR containment at one hour from the initiation of a LOCA caused by a guillotine rupture of one of the main steam lines.
At the start of Test H-1, the D/W contained a mixture of steam and nitrogen (4% by volume) at a total pressure of approximately 0.3 MPa. This test demonstrated the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a heavier-than-steam noncondensible gas.
Table 6.1 provides the direct gas sampling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam and nitrogen measured at each location at one hour intervals for the duration of the test. Since the DAV pressure remained relatively constant at 0.3 MPa throughout the test, the increase in the percent nitrogen in the lower DAV must be caused by an increase in the partial pressure of nitrogen. Some of the nitrogen sank to the bottom of the D/W due to the lower D/W heat losses, which caused a downward flow of steam and nitrogen to the lower D/W.
6.2 TEST H-2 RESULTS Test H-2 was a repeat of Test H-1, except helium replaced the total volume of nitrogen in the DAV. This test demonstrated the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of helium, a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas.
Table 6.2 provides the direct gas sunpling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam and helium measured at each location at one hour intervals for the duration of the test. Since the D/W pressure remained relatively constant at 0.3 MPa throughout the test, the increase in the percent helium in the lower D/W 6-1
i !
l NEDO-32608 j must be caused by an increase in the partial pressure of helium. Some of the helium sank to the bottom of the D/W due to the lower D/W heat losses, which caused a downward flow of steam and helium to the lower D/W. ,
6.3 TEST H3 RESULTS .
Test H3 started with a mixture of nitrogen, helium and steam in the drywell (4% nitrogen and 20% helium by volume). Helium was used to simulate the hydrogen that could be generated as l
! the result of a 20% fuel-clad metal-water reaction. The total initial drywell pressure and the I other vessel initial test conditions for Test H3 were the same as those for the base case (Test Hl).
This test demonstrated the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a heavier-than-steam gas and a high concentration of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas.
Table 6.3 provides the direct gas sampling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam, helium and nitrogen measured at each J location at one-hour intervals for the duration of the test. These results show that some of the i helium and nitrogen sank to the bottom of the D/W. This occurred due to the lower D/W heat losses, which caused a downward flow of steam, helium and nitrogen to the lower D/W. The lower D/W reached helium concentrations as high as 47% by volume. After two hours, the buoyancy of helium starts to overcome the downward flow, and the concentration begins to l decrease. By the end of the test, about half of this helium in the lower D/W at two hours was convected upward through the PCC to the S/C. l 6.4 TEST H4 RESULTS Test H4 started with the same initial test conditions as those for the base case (Test Hl). Heliun:
was injected into the D/W at a constant rate for the first hour of the test. The mass of helium injected for Test H4 was equal to the initial mass of helium in the D/W for Test H3 (20% helium by volume). This test demonstrated the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a heavier-than-steam and a high concentration of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gases.
Table 6.4 provides the direct gas sampling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam, helium and nitrogen measured at each location at one hour intervals for the duration of the test. These results show that some of the j helium and nitrogen sank to the bottom of the D/W. This occmred due to the lower D/W heat 1
! losses, which caused a downward flow of steam, helium and nitrogen to the lower D/W. .
6.5 TEST T1 RESULTS ,
Test Tl is a repeat of a previous GIRAFFE main steam line break test. The vacuum breaker line was connected to the middle D/W, which was where it was located for the previous main steam line break test. At the start of Test T1, the D/W contained a mixture of steam and nitrogen at a total pressure of 0.188 MPa. The initial concentration of nitrogen in the D/W was 28% by volume. This test demonstrated the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a high concentration of heavier-than-steam noncondensible gas.
6-2
NEDO-32608 Table 6.5 provides the direct gas sampling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam and nitrogen measured at each location
, at one hour intervals for the duration of the test. The results for the lower D/W are only available for the first two hours of the test. After two hours, the level of water from condensed steam in the lower D/W rose to the level of the sampling location, and it was no longer possible to collect samples from the lower D/W.
6.6 TEST T2 RESULTS Test T2 has an initial concentration of nitrogen (14% by volume) in the D/W that is approximately midway between that for Tests H1 and T1, and an initial total D/W pressure of 0.266 MPa. The combined mass of nitrogen in the D/W and S/C for Test T2 is equal to the combined mass of nitrogen in the D/W and S/C for Test Hl. This test demonstrated the l successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a heavier-than-steam noncondensible gas.
Table 6.6 provides the direct gas sampling results for the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. These results provide the volume percent of steam and nitrogen measured at each location at one-hour intervals for the duration of the test. These results show that some of the nitrogen sank to the bottom of the D/W. This occurred due to the lower D/W heat losses, which caused a l downward flow of steam and nitrogen to the lower D/W.
i 1
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i 6-3
Table 6.1. D8eact Gas Sampling Results for Test H1 Location Time (sec.) Helium (%)' Nitrogen (%) Steam (%) ,j Lower Drywell 0 0.1 4.4 95.5 !
3600 0.1 17.5 82.4 ,
7200 0.1 22.0 77.9 10800 <0.1 30.3 69.7 l I
14400 <0.1 28.4 71.6 18000 <0.1 34.7 65.3 21600 <0.1 32.2 67.8 25200 <0.1 28.7 71.3 28800 <0.1 33.8 66.2 l I
Upper Drywell 0 <0.1 1.4 98.6
}
3600 0.2 <0.1 99.8 '
7200 0.1 0.1 99.8
~
10800 0.1 0.1 99.8 14400 <0.1 0.1 99.8 18000 0.2 0.2 99.8 21600 0.1 0.1 99.7 25200 0.2 0.2 99.6 28800 0.1 <0.1 99.8 Suppression 0 <0.1 86.8 13.2 Chamber 3600 <0.1 85.7 14.3 1 7200 <0.1 85.8 14.2 10800 <0.1 86.1 13.9 14400 <0.1 86.9 13.1 18000 <0.1 87.5 12.5 21600 <0.1 87.4 12.6 l 25200 <0.1 87.5 14.5 28800 <0.1 86.7 13.3 Note 1. There was a very small amount of helium measured in Test H1, due to the residual helium from the helium leak test performed prior to Test Hl .
t i
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- i. ._ _ - _ . . _ _ - . - - _ _ _ _
NEDO-32608 Table 6.2. Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H2 l, Location Time (sec) Helium (%) Nitrogen (%)' Steam (%)
Lower Drywell 0 1.3 <0.1 98.7 3600 9.3 0.1 90.6 7200 9.2 0.1 90.7 10800 10.8 0.1 89.1 14400 10.1 0.1 89.8 18000 9.7 0.1 90.2 21600 9.3 0.1 90.6 25200 8.8 0.1 91.1 28800 7.8 <0.1 92.2 Upper Drywell 0 1.5 <0.1 98.5 3600 0.1 <0.1 99.9 7200 0.1 <0.1 99.9 10800.. 0.2..- <0.1 99.8.
14400 0.2 <0.1 99.8 18000 0.2 <0.1 99.8 21600 0.2 <0.1 99.8 25200 0.2 <0.1 99.8 28800 0.2 <0.1 99.8 l Suppression 0 1.4 84.8 13.8 Chamber 3600 2.8 84.5 12.7 7200 2.8 83.7 13.5 10800 2.8 83.4 13.8 l 14400 2.8 83.2 14.0 18000 2.8 83.5 13.7 21600 2.8 83.7 13.5 l 25200 2.8 83.5 13.7 28800 2.8 84.4 12.8 Note 1. There was a very small amount of nitrogen measured in D/W, due to the residual nitrogen from the previous test.
4 l 6-5 l
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NEDO-32608 Table 6.3. Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H3 Location Time (sec) Helium (%) Nitrogen (%) Steam (%) ,
Lower Drywell 0 18.1 2.4 79.5 3600 38.6 5.0 56.4 ,
7200 47.2 5.9 46.9 10800 39.6 4.8 55.6 ,
14400 40.3 5.0 54.7 18000 40.2 5.0 54.8
.21600 34.5 4.9 60.6 25200 26.8 3.7 69.5 28800 26.6 3.5 69.9 Upper Drywell 0 6.6 0.7 92.7 3600 0.5 <0.1 99.5 7200 0.3 <0.1 99.7 10800 0.2 <0.1 99.8 14400 0.3 <0.1 99.7 .
I8000 0.3 <0.1 99.7 21600 0.4 <0.1 99.6 25200 0.3 <0.1 99.7 28800 0.3 <0.1 99.7 )
Suppression 0 3.2 82.1 14.7 ,
Chamber 3600 11.2 75.6 13.2 7200 12.0 77.6 10.4 10800 12.0 76.6 11.4 14400 12.0 75.3 12.7 18000 12.3 76.1 11.6 21600 12.3 75.2 12.5 25200 12.6 74.9 12.5 28800 12.8 75.1 12.1 i
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NEDO-32608 Table 6.4. Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test H4
,, Location Time (sec) Helium (%) Nitrogen (%) Eteam (%)
Lower Drywell 0 0.3 8.3 91.4 3600 6.2 24.5 69.3 7200 10.8 25.6 63.6 10800 11.6 26.5 61.9 14400 11.2 24.4 64.4 l 18000 11.5 24.8 63.7 21600 12.3 26.3 61.4 25200 12.2 26.2 61.6 i 28800 11.2 24.2 64.6 Upper Drywell 0 1.9 1.1 97.0
- 3600 2.6 <0.1 97.4 7200 0.3 <0.1 99.7 l 10800 0.2 <0.1 99.8
! 14400 0.1 0.1 99.8 l 18000 0.2 0.1 99.7 21600 0.1 0.1 99.8 i 25200 0.1 0.1 99.8 28800 0.1 0.1 99.8 Suppression 0 0.3 85.0 14.7 Chamber 3600 13.7 74.8 11.5 7200 14.9 73.1 12.0 10800 14.9 72.5 12.6 14400 15.0 73.2 11.8 18000 14.8 72.6 12.6 21600 15.0 72.9 12.1 f
25200 15.1 73.3 11.6 !
28800 15.1 73.5 11.4 j i
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l NEDO-32608 j Table 6.5. Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test T1 Location Time (sec) Helium (%) Nitrogen (%) Steam (%) ,
Lower Drywell' 0 <0.1 22.0 78.0 3600 <0.1 35.4 64.6 7200 <01 . 31.8 68.2 10800 - - -
14400 - - -
18000 - - -
21600 - - -
25200 - - -
28800 - - -
Upper Drywell 0 <0.1 4.6 95.4 3600 <0.1 1.5 98.5 7200 <0.1 0.5 99.5 10800 <0.1 0.5 99.5 14400 <0.1 0.2 99.8 18000 <0.1 0.2 99.8 21600 <0.1 0.2 99.8 25200 <0.1 0.2 99.8 28800 <0.1 0.2 99.8 Suppression 0 <0.1 73.1 26.9 Chamber 3600 <0.1 91.0 9.0 7200 <0.1 93.0 7.0 10800 <0.1 92.8 7.2 14400 <0.1 93.7 6.3 18000 <0.1 90.6 9.4 21600 <0.1 91.1 8.9 l 25200 <0.1 92.5 7.5 1 28800 <0.1 93.1 6.9 '
Note 1. There are no lower D/W results after 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, sampling stopped at that time because the water in the lower D/W reached the elevation of the sampling location.
, 6-8
l Table 6.6. Direct Gas Sampling Results for Test T2 l
l , Location Time (sec) Helium (%) Nitrogen (%) Steam (%)
Lower Drywell 0 <0.1 14.4 85.6 3600 <0.1 31.2 68.8 7200
<0.1 39.1 60.9 10800 <0.1 39.3 60.7 14400 <0.1 46.3 53.7 18000 <0.1 48.3 51.7 21600 <0.1 45.7 54.3 25200 <0.1 49.6 50.4 28800 <0.1 48.4 51.6 Upper Drywell 0 <0.1 3.1 96.9 l 3600 <0.1 0.2 99.8 7200 <0.1 0.2 99.8 l 10800 <0.1 0.2 99.8 14400 <0.1 0.2 99.8 18000 <0.1 0.2 99.8 21600 <0.1 0.1 99.8 25200 <0.1 0.2 99.8 28800 <0.1 0.2 99.8 ,
Suppression 0 <0.1 84.6 15.4 Chamber 3600 <0.1 84.1 15.9 7200 <0.1 84.8 15.2 l
10800 <0.1 85.6 14.4 14400 <0.1 85.1 14.9 18000 <0.1 85.3 14.7 21600 <0.1 85.5 14.5 25200 <0.1 85.2 14.8 28800 <0.1 84.6 15.4 i
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l 6-9 l
NEDO-32608 7.0
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS GIRAFFE Tests H1 through H4, and T1 and T2 demonstrate the successful operation of the PCCS with the presence of a lighter-than-steam noncondensible gas, a heavier-than-steam noncondensible gas, and a combination of the two gases. These tests satisfy the test objectives described in Section 2 of this report.
4 7-1
8.0 REFERENCES
8.1 GIRAFFE Helium Test Specification, GE Nuclear Energy,25A5677, Rev.1, May 1995.
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8-1
e APPENDIX A TEST PROCEDURES O
NEDO-32608 CONTENTS A.1 Introduction A-1 A.2 Vessels and Piping A-1 A.3 Prior Day Overview A A.4-A.6 Detail Procedures A-2 A.7 Noncondensible Gas Sampling and Measurement Procedures A-2 e
A-li
NEDO-32608 A.1 INTRODUCTION e
. This appendix describes the test procedures used for Test H-3, a main steam line break simulation with a high initial concentration of helium. The remaining three helium tests and two tie-back tests were conducted using similar procedures.
The vessels and piping which were used to conduct the test are listed in this appendix. A prior (to test) day procedure overview is presented (A.3).
For simplicity, these procedures have been simplified from those used to conduct the test. For example, detailed references to specific check lists and data tables to be filled out are not included.
A.2 VESSELS AND PIPING For Test H-3, all vessels and connecting lines in GIRAFFE are used:
(1) Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV)
(2) Drywell(D/W)
(3) Suppression Chamber (S/C)
(4) Gravity-Driven Core Cooling System (GDCS) pool (5) PCC heat transfer tubes (including both steam box and water box)
(6) Piping systems connecting the above vessels (1) to (5)
A.3 PRIOR DAY OVERVIEW The test procedures are summarized below for the day prior to the test. The completion of each stage is checked using checklists prepared for that purpose.
[1] Preoperation o 1. Start ofpower supply
- 2. Check valve conditions
- 3. Adjustment of external steam supply
- 4. Preparation of noncondensible gas supply system A-1
- 5. Feed water to both feedwater 'atk and to the water supply tank for the pressure introducing tube
- 6. Supply water to the pressure introducing line
[2] Check the Instrumentation System .
- 1. Confirmation of the normal outputs of the thennocouples (f/Cs), differential pressure transducer and pressure transducers
- 2. Output check from the data recording and acquisition system
[3] Heatup of D/W, RPV, GDCS Pool, PCC and Feedwater Tank
[4] Rough adjustment of the S/C initial condition
[5] Supply water to the feedwater tank
[6] Stop A.4-A.6 DETAIL PROCEDURES These three sections describe the detail test procedures.
A.7 NONCONDENSIBLE GAS SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES This section describes the test procedures used for conducting steam and noncondensible gas sample collection and measurement. The objective of the noncondensible gas measurements is to provide a database to be used for TRACG computer code qualification.
For simplicity, these procedures have been simplified from those used to conduct the test. For example, detailed references to specific check lists and data tables to be filled ort are not included.
A.7.1 Gas Sample Locations and Sampling Frequency Gas samples are collected at the upper and lower D/W and the S/C gas space. The sampling ,
locations are shown in Figure A.7.1, and the arrangement of the sampling equipment is shown in Figures A.7.2 and A.7.3.
Gas samples are collected simultaneously at all three locations at one-hour intervals. The first samples are collected at the start of the test, and the last samples are collected 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> later at the end of the test.
l A-2
1 J
NEDO-32608 At each one-hour interval, two samples are collected at each location. The first sample is collected to determine the ratio of steam volume to noncondensible gas volume. The second
, sample is collected to determine the composition of the noncondensible gas. j A.7.2 Pre-Checks Prior to Gas Sample Collection i All gas sampling bags and absorption bottles are labeled for identification. Prior to sampling, the proper functioning of valves and heaters are verified at each measurement location, and the leak-tightness of the gas sampling equipment are verified with foaming liquid. Before re-use of the sampling bags, they are attachcd to a vacuum pump and evacuated.
Before each measurcment series and after the last one, all sampling bags are checked for leak tightness. Report any anomalies.
The adequacy of the absorption bottle is verified.
A.7.3 Preparation for Sample Collection (1) Weigh the condensation bottle by using an electric balance (accuracy: 0.0lg) and record the weights to calculate water content later.
(2) Connect the absorption bottle, cooled by water and dry ice, to the needle valve with Stop Valves 1 and 2 shut.
(3) Heat (pre-heat) and keep the heating pipe sufficiently warm to prevent potential condensation of steam on the inside of the tube.
(4) Connect the outlet of the condensation bottle to the gas sampling bag (sufficiently deaired inside) with a silicon tube.
Before the sampling of gas and connecting the cold trap to the needle valve, the sample gas line is purged. With Stop Valve 2 shut, Stop Valve 1 is opened to the pressure equivalent of the pressure in the GIRAFFE facility. This gas is vented to the environment by opening the Stop Valve 2. No steam condensation is allowed in the piping volume between Stop Valve 1 and the needle valve, as this ivould affect the quantity of the sampled gas and potentially its composition.
No backfill of the pipe with air is permissible.
A.7.4 Sample Collection
, Connect the absorption bottle / gas sampling bag to the needle valve and shut the stop valve and the needle valve again. Open Stop Valve 1 slowly until the pressure gage indicates a pressure equivalent to the pressure in the GIRAFFE facility. Then close Stop Valve 1 and open Stop Vaive 2 and the needle valve to expand the extracted gas into the almorption bottle and gas sampling bag. If the sampling line pressure is 300 kPa, the extrat. gas at this pressure corresponds to about 0.3 l.
A-3
NED0-32608 The operation of the stop valves and the needle valve described above is repeated to achieve the total sampling volume corresponding to less than 3 t.
After sampling for steam, disconnect the cold trap / absorption bottle and connect the second sampling bag to the needle valve. Then start sampling for noncondensible gas using the same pmcess of valve operations for a total sampling volume corresponding to 1 t. -
A.7.5 Measurement of Steam Volumetric Concentration The absorbent bottle and Sampling Bag 1 are used for the measurement of the steam volumetric concentration. The absorbent bottle is weighed before and after the sampling If the steam weightis Wu,o and the volume of the gas in Sampling Bag 1 is V, then the concentra' ion of the steam is determined as i
WHO2 l x 22.4 ,
C H2 o(%) = (W g2o )
x22.4 + V s
I8 s A.7.6 Measurement of Noncondensible Gas Volumetric Concentration Sampling Bag 2 is used for the measurement of the noncondensible gas volumetric concentration. Sampling Bag 2 will include steam, but the components of the mixture will be analyzed in dry gas using injection by a syringe into the Gas Chromatograph. To adjust the concentration of the noncondensible gas in the dry gas to the wet gas sampled in the facility, the !
steam concentration, Wg2o as determined in Section A.7.5 is used:
100 - C g2o l CN or He (wet gas) = CN or He (drygas) x 2 2 If, in any measurement location the content of steam is near 100%, a continuous extraction of sample gas into the sampling bag shall be made by properly adjusting the needle valve to avoid pressurization of the sampling bag. It may be necessary to provide heat removal for steam condensation.
It is verified that the sampling bags cam. tolerate a maximum temperature of 140 C without ,
leakage.
A.7.7 Water Sampies The measurement of the weight of the absorption bottle and absorption tube is properly identified for each test. Include the following information for each water measurement:
A-4 l l
NEDO-3260E e Test name (TI, H1, etc.)
e Measurement location e
I e Measurement time (beginning and end) s
- Weights of absorption bottle e Absorption bottle identification A.7.8 Gas samples (Sampling Bag 1 and Sampling Bag 2)
The gas samples are properly identified, including:
. Test name
- Measurement location e Measurement time (beginning and end) e Sample number l e Responsible test engineer !
The gas samples are analyzed less than 4 hours4.62963e-5 days <br />0.00111 hours <br />6.613757e-6 weeks <br />1.522e-6 months <br /> after sampling.
A.7.9 Analysis of Gas Samples l
A.7.9.1 Pre-Check of Gas Chromatography (GC) I
{
Pressure Check I i
i Confirm the gas pressure in the gas bomb in which carrier gas (Ar) is contained. It should be greater than 980 kPa.
Leakage Check Confirm that there is no gas leakage in the joints of the pipe, column and other passageways by using a foaming liquid.
, A.7.9.2 Operation of GC Carrier Gas, Source and Temperature Supply carrier gas into GC and increase the carrier gas pressure to the working pressure. Tum source switch of GC on, then heat each unit, and provide injection, column tank and detector I tank.
A-5 )
1 NEDO-32608 The temperature of those units is established in accordance with the components of the sampling ;
i gas. Ordinarily, the temperature of the detector tank should be higher than that of the column I tank. , !
l Ectablishment of Other Analytical Conditions Other item., that should be adjusted to specified values in accordance with the component of )
sampling gas include in the following-1
. Flow rate ofcarrier gas e Sensitivity e Feed speed of recording paper For operation with the standard gas under the conditions established above, the fluctuation of the baseline shall be within 1% of the full scale of recorder for a period of 10 minutes.
Calibration Calibration is carried out by using the standard gas to confirm the components and their ,
concentration. Two gas compositions shall be considered: 0.85N2 /0.15 He and 0.15 N2/0.95 He.
Tluee samples of each of the standard gases shall be injected into GC using an airtight gas 2
syringe under a pressure of 10 kgf/cm (980 kPa). Immediately after introduction of the standard ,
gas, start a recording of chromatogram, and note the gas introduction point on the recording j paper. The composition of the standard gas (as provided in accordance with Japanese standards) and uncertainty ranges is also recorded. .
l l
If the two gas bombs provide different calibration factors, the factor corresponding to the !
composition closest to that of the sample is used.
l 1
If the concentration of the samples is between Standard Gas 1 and 2, the average of both l calibration factors is used. 1 1
A.7.9.3 Analysis The sampling gas in the sampling bag is injected into the GC by using a syringe for gas.
Start a recording of chromatogram immediately using the same process as for standard gas. .
Record the following information:
. Date of analysis
- Type of detector and operational conditions 2
- Type of carrier gas, flow rate (ml/ min) or pressure of canier gas (kgf/cm ) in GC
- Name of column and length (m) of column tube A-6 I
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e Respective temperature ( C) of each unit (injection, column tank, detector tank) e Name of sample and introduced quantity of sample
!* A 7.9.4 Condition of GC !
- Type of detector: Thermal conductivity detector
- l
\
i Carrier gas: Argon Column: Molecular sieve, MS-13X (2 m) '
Temperature: Injection and detector tank temperature about 50 C; i colunm tank temperatures about 30 C i
! Sensitivity: Measurement accuracy l l A.7.9.5 Data Evaluation l The data evaluation considers that water vapor at a partial pressure of 2.33 kPa (at room temperature) is injected with the syringe into the gas chromatograph. This affects the introduced quantity of noncondensible gas. The concentration is determined as: !
t i C = FA/Q C = concentration F = calibration factor l A = GC signal area ;
Q = introduced quantity.
l Another conection is made for the small amount of air contamination introduced into the gas l sample corresponding to the volume between the needle valve and the sampling bag cock. The l air volume is determined based on the oxygen concentration measured with the gas chromatograph.
1 l
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'The thermal conductivity detector, which detects all of the components which are different in thermal conductivity from the caniet gas, i
consists of a body containing a d:tecting element group of metal filaments or something similar in a porous metal block with large thermal capacity, and an electric source which supplies stable d c. current to the elements.
i I
i A-7 i
l NEDO-32608 The corrected concentrations of the N2 are: j 100
'and C.He = CHe- CHe 3.75C o.9 + CN.9 ,
100 l C. = C - 3.75C N2 - 3.75C O2s CHe + CN2 O2 t
An error analysis for selected data points is made, j A.7.10 Report on Results of Measurement Analysis i The following data are included in the Test Results Report: !
- Water (vapor) weight and noncondensible gas composition for each of the test j series e Calibration data j e Checkout / validation test data e Nonconformance/ corrections,if any ;
A.7.11 Quality Assurance !
The quality assurance for this program is provided by the following elements: :
e Calibration procedure e Sampling procedure e Test log and documentation of test results (see test procedure)
. Procedure for nonconformance, documentation of corrective actions, if any
. Documentation of test setup e Personnel training log
. Test readiness review
\
The objective is to meet the intent of U.S. NQA-1 using equivalent Japanese procedures and l l certifications and standards, including JEAG 4101-1990.
l A.7.11.1 Validation of Test Procedures /QA Procedure i
i Validation tests are performed (1) to validate the leaktightness of the gas sampling bag, and (2) to validate the gas sampling process.
1 l
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1 NEDO-32608 l
l l Gas Sampling Bag Leaktightness Validation l Put the standard gas (N2 and He) into the sampling bag. Use a gas bomb with certified standard l* gas. The gas in the sampling bag is analyzed with the GC about every 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> during several l days so that the leaktightness and absorption of gas in the sampling bag can be determined.
H l Validation of Gas Sampling Process l For Sampling of Steam The sampling equipment, setup similar to Figure A.7.2, is tested using the methods described in Sections A.7.3 and A.7.4.
Available factory steam at a pressure of about 240 kPa is used for the sampling of steam as a substitute for the actual sampling gas.
The adequacy of determining the ratio of condensible and noncondensible gases is confirmed by using a second absorption bottle in series with the first one. It is confirmed that the absorbed water in the second absorption bottle was within the measurement accuracy of the scale (<0.01 g); therefore, the measurement approach is validated. In general, it is expected that the capability of the absorption bottle is >99% and adequate retention of water can be achieved.
Sampling of Noncondensible Gas i
The test for sampling of noncondensible gas is performed using equipment setup as indicated in Figure A.7.3.
At first, the gas in the pipe is purged by the standard gas (N2 , He). Then the sampling bag is l connected to the needle valve, and gas is blown from the gas bomb through the sampling ime i into the sampling bag. l l-l i
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NEDO-32608 9 i LE LOCATh '
@ (NEAR TO AND AT
@l SAME ELEVATION ;
'--+ PLE LOCAT (NEAR TO AND AT SAME ELEVATION AS T/C TE S02)
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HkPLE LOCAT (NEAR TO AND ABOVE ELEVATION OF T/C TE D01) l NOTE: THERMOCOUPLE ELEVATIONS ARE GIVEN IN FIGURES 4-1(N AND (c) l Figure A.7.1. Noncondensible Gas Sampling Locations for Drywell and Suppression Chamber J
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( Sf,y Figure A.7.2. Equipment and Instruments for Water Sampling A-10 l
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Identification of Equipment and Instrunnents No. Title Material Remarks 1 Boss SUS 304 OD:35$,ID:15.74 2 Pipe SUS 304 1/2B, SCH:40 3 Pipe SUS 304 3/8B, SCH:40 1 4-1,-2 Stop valve SUS Ball Valve l 5 Pressure gage SUS AMU 3/8PT,10kg/cm2 6 Pipe SUS 304 3/8B, SCH:40 7 Needle valve SUS 8 Absorption Battle Gla::s Filled with CaCl2 and poly-wool I
9 Cock Glass 10 Cooling Bath SUS Filled with CaCl2 and Dry-Ice l 11 Gas sampling Bag 1 PVF ; Maximum 2 liters j 12 Gas sampling Bag 2 PVF l Maximum 2 liters I i
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FACILITY CHARACTERIZATION TESTS i
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TABLE OF CONTENTS B.1 Introduction B-l' B.2 Facility Characterization Tests B-1 l
B.3 Heat Loss Measurement Tests B-1 B.4 Pressure Loss Measurement Tests B-3 B.5 Helium Leak Tests B-5 ,
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i NEDO-32608 B.1 INTRODUCTION
,, This appendix describes the facility characterization test objectives, procedures and results for i the Passive Containment Cooling System (PCCS) heat removal certification tests for the l Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (SBWR) using the GIRAFFE facility located at the Toshiba l* Nuclear Engineering Laboratory.
l l B.2 FACILITY CHARACTERIZATION TESTS Construction of the GIRAFFE facility was completed in 1990. The PCCS condenser heat removal characteristics have been determined from many GIRAFFE steady state and transient tests. Facility shakedown and plant characterization tests were completed after the original construction of the GIRAFFE facility.
The SBWR design has been revised since the original construction of the GIRAFFE facility. For example, the PCCS heat transfer tube length was shortened and the PCCS drainage was routed to the GDCS pool instead of directly to the RPV. These major design changes have been reflected by the GIRAFFE modification, but some detail modification such as piping pressure loss readjustment were also required but were not completed during the GIRAFFE modification.
The GIRAFFE heat loss has been previously measured and it was reconfirmed prior to the helium series tests. Helium leakage was checked because helium, simulating hydrogen generation from a SBWR metal-water reaction, is more likely to leak than other gases such as air and nitrogen.
Therefore, the following facility characterization tests were performed as part of this test series:
. GIRAFFE heat loss measurement e GIRAFFE piping pressure loss measurement and adjustment e GIRAFFE helium leak test B3 HEAT LOSS MEASUREMENT TESTS GIRAFFE heat losses are reduced or wmpensated for by piping and vessel insulation and by the l vessel microheaters and the RPV bundle heater. The purpose of the microheaters and the !
additional RPV bundle heater power is to compensate for the heat losses not fully prevented by
. the facility insulation, l j
B3.1 Test Objective The objectives of the heat loss measurement tests were to: i e Determine the required microheater power settings to eliminate or minimize heat
- loss from the D/W, S/C, GDCS pool, and HVL.
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- Determine the additional RPV bundle heater power requirements to compensate for '
the remaining heat losses from the facility to the environment.
B3.2 Measured Vessels and Pipings -
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Almost all GIRAFFE vessel and piping components were measured. Only the PCCS condenser was neglected because the PCC condenser was the heat removal device. The following vessels and piping were measured:
e Drywell(D/W) and LOCA vent line l
- e. Suppression chamber (E 'C) -
- GDCS pool e Piping components connecting the above vessels ;
Regarding heat loss measurement, the piping systems (except for the LOCA vent line) were I included with the related vessels. ;
B33 General Concept for Microbeater Power Input (a) Avoidance of Superheated Steam Generation !
In order to avoid heat loss only by the microheater power input and to maintain the vessel i pressure, the local heat flux input becomes so high that superheated steam is generated, !
. which has been experienced in the earlier phase shakedown tests when the microheater !
system was first introduced. This phenomenon has to be avoided because the natural circulation, which does not occur in the actual SBWR plant, would occur inside the D/W !
vessel and the flow pattern would be quite different from the actual SBWR flow pattern. l Therefore, the maximum microheater input is controlled so that the superheated steam would not be generated. Reflecting this, the temperature in the D/W was monitored to ;
prevent exceeding the saturation temperatures.
Conversely, this concept implies that heat loss avoidance is achieved not only by the microheater power input but also some additional bundle heater power has to be considered. In GIRAFFE, it was determined that both microheater power and additional bundle heater power are necessary. .
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NEDO-32608 B.4 PRESSURE LOSS MEASUREMENT TESTS
, The GIRAFFE vessels are connected with scaled pipe lines to represent the connecting lines in the SBWR. Each GIRAFFE line was sized and orificed so that at the 1:400 scaled mass flow rates, the GIRAFFE piping pressure losses are approximately equal to the SBWR piping pressure losses.
B.4.1 Test Objective The objective of the pressure loss measurement tests was to confirm that the GIRAFFE piping pressure drops are approximately equal to the SBWR piping pressure drops. The flow resistance of each GIRAFFE line was adjusted as necessary by inserting an orifice plate.
B.4.2 Derivation of Equations Used to Calculate the GIRAFFE Piping Loss CoefHelents
! APT= APs (1)
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[Q T T (AT ) [Qs)\
(A s where: l AP = piping pressure loss K '= pressure loss coefficient Q = flow rate
! A = cross-sectional area S denotes the actual SBWR plant, while T is the GIRAFFE Test facility.
GIRAFFE simulated the main portion of SBWR in full height, while the volume is scaled down by 1/400. Thus. the following equations are obtained (subscripts are same as mentioned above):
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From (2) and (3):
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A T/As = (1/400) e (KT/KS )1a (4)
A T= n/4D 2, T As = x/4Ds2 (5)(6)
From (4),(5) end (6): !
Ks/KT=(1/400)2.(9 32fpT 2)2 (7)
Ks = KTe (1/400)2. (ps/Dr)4 (8)
The conversion factors are determined using the equations above.
For some SBWR systems, there is more than one line. Using n, as the number oflines, Equation (6) becomes:
As = nn /4Ds2 (6').
Accordingly, Equations (7) and (8) are also modified:
9 Ks/KT=(1/400)2.(nDs 2/pT 2)2 (7')
Ks = KTe (n/400)2. (Ds/D T)4 (8')
B.4.3 Measured Lines The pressure losses of the following lines were measured:
Main steam break line (MSBL) ,
e Depressurization line (DPVL) ;
- PCC steam supply linc -
- PCC noncondensible gas vent line
- PCC drainage return line e GDCS water supply line
- LOCA vent line B-4
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Vacuum breaker line (VBL) e Pressure equalizing line between D/W and GDCS pool Of the nine lines listed above, pressure losses were directly measured for seven lines; losses were
- not measured for lines (7) and (9). These two lines have diameters that are so large that actual
. gas flow velocity is considered too slow or stagnant. The pressure loss would therefore be quite small even if the test was conducted.
The PCC steam supply line was connected to the top roof of the D/W in most cases, and connected to the side wall of the upper D/W in one case (T-1).
It was confirmed that the D/W to GDCS pool pressure equalizing line pressure loss was very small.
B.4.4 K Values and Tolerance SBWR K values (in the form of A/VK) were detennined by General Electric. Toshiba used the SBWR K values to calculate the desired test K values. Toshiba conducted tests to obtain actual K values within 20% of the desired test K values.
B.5 HELIUM LEAK TESTS The main body of the test program is related to the PCCS heat removal characteristics considering a metal-water reaction with hydrogen as the noncondensible gas, generated by the water zirconium interaction.
However, hydrogen is susceptible to explosion; therefore, helium is used as the alternative light noncondensible gas. The volume fraction was set equal to the hydrogen volume fraction.
B5.1 Test Objective The objective of the helium leak tests was to confirm that there was no helium leakage in the GIRAFFE facility, and to make any necessary repairs if helium leakage was detected.
B.5.2 Measured Vessels and Lines The following vessels and lines were tested to confirm that there was no helium leakage:
- Drywell(D/W)
- PCC heat transfer tubes (including steam box and water box) e Suppression chamber (S/C) e GDCS pool
. Lines connecting the above vessels B-5
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- Steam is generated by the heater bundle in the RPV, which behaves as the highest pressure component. Therefore, since there will be no inflow of noncondensible gas to the reactor ;
pressure vessel, the RPV was not included in the measured vessel list. !
B.5.3 Test Conditions ;!
- - Fluid l Both helium and air were used. ,
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- Pressure j The maximum pressure experienced during the tests was considered to be between 0.3 and !
0.4 MPa; thus, the highest pressure of 0.4 MPa was the leak test pressure used.
During the helium series tests, the maximum helium concentration was about 20% in ;
. volume. So, in the leak test, helium was injected into the atmospheric air so that the helium ,
partial pressure was 0.3 MPa. Therefore, the helium partial concentration was 75% of the j volume, which was much higher than the r.oncondensible gas concentrations for the !
GIRAFFE helium series tests. The remainder of the partial pressure was contributed by air.
- Temperature- ;
-In the actual SBWR, the temperature is as high as 400K, but this higher temperature condition makes the vessel expand due to the thermal expansion, which reduces the possibilities for leaks. The temperature aus set to be atmospheric (i.e., room temperature).
- Test time The leakage tests were continued for about one hour.
B.5.4 Criteria and Approval ;
From the pressure transducer records, it was checked whether there was any leakage The i verification of no-leak was determined by using the pressure transient plotted data. The !
responsible engineer approval was documented on the test data sheet. l B.5.5 Test Procedures . j l
The test procedures are as follows:
i No.
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- 10. Stan to record.
- 20. Connect all vessels and piping except RPV.
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- 30. Confirm all related valves to be open. [
- 40. Start to supply helium from the helium tank and pressurize the total pressure to the prescribed pressure (0.4 i0.01 MPa).
. 50. Stop helium supply once the prescribed pressure is reached.
! 60. Maintain the system condition for about an hour. Check for leaks. In case of no-leaks, stop f i the test. r f
B.5.6 Action Item in Case of Leak Detection '
t In case of leak detection, each vessel is isolated. A soap solution is used to locate the leak. .
Repair the leak and repeat the test until acceptable results are obtained.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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C.1 DATA RECORDS l, The data for the GIRAFFE Helium series tests is stored on computer disks. The data files are in i.
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- DISTRIBUTION i
(',. Name MLC P.F. Billig 781
- R.H. Buchholz 781 M.Herzog (20) -781 i
B.S. Shiralkar - 781 J.E. Torbeck 781 J.E.Quinn 781 l-GENE Library 728 i
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