ML20042D222

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Radiological & Environ Monitoring Programs,1988.
ML20042D222
Person / Time
Site: Saxton File:GPU Nuclear icon.png
Issue date: 12/31/1989
From:
SAXTON NUCLEAR EXPERIMENTAL CORP.
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Shared Package
ML20042D221 List:
References
NUDOCS 9001080050
Download: ML20042D222 (50)
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RADIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMS t

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f. TABLE OF CONTENTS ,

i EAER EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

j INTRODUCTION l Nietorical' Perspective on Saxton 1 Characteristics of Radiation 3

~ Sources of Radiation 4 Radiation - Research and Regulation 7  !

'1988 Activities at Saxton 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND RADIOLOGICAL SURVEYS 10 Introduction 10 ,

Environmental Exposure Pathways 11 Survey Methods 11 ,

Measurement of Low Level Radioactivity 15 L

ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS 16 ,

Results of Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Monitoring 16 1988 Sediment Sampling 18 Results of 1988 Radiological Analysis of sediment samples 19 ,

1988 Water Sampling 22 ;

Results of 1988 Radiological Analysis of Surface Water Samples 23 Results of 1988 Radiological Analysis of I

  • Ground and and other Subsurface Waters 28
i. RADIOLOGICAL SURVEYS 42 42 i Introduction High Efficiency Air Filter Dose Rate Results 42 REFERENCES 44 i

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f i LIST OF TABLES t t

Table d g g 1

1 Sources and Dooes of Radiation' 5 ,

i 2 Sampling Locations Used in 1988 12 3 SNEC 1988 Environmental Thermoluminescent Dosimetry 17 j

4 Quarterly Values of Fission Products Found 20  ;

j- in Sediment Samples 5 Surface Water Data 25 6 Ground and Other subsurface Waters 31 t

7 1988 Quarterly Dose Rates for CV 43 High Efficiency Air Filter (mr/hr) i P

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EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

A radiological and an environmental monitoring program have been concucted at  ;

I the Saxton Nuclear Facility during 1988. Results of the surveys lead to the i following conclusions:

l 1.- There have been no adverse effects on the environment or public health and safety as a result of the SNEC facility.

2. Work activities related to the decontamination and radiological surveying of the SNEC facility have had no adverse effect on the ,

envirotiaent or public health and safety. [

3. 'The Exclusiot. Area soils, sediments and surficial materials, within the SNEC security fence, contain residua 11y low levels of reactor .

produced fission products, principally Co-137 and Co-60.

4. Currently, there is no movement of any radiological contaminants contained within the CV to the outside environment.

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INTRODUCTION f

Historical Parannetive en Saxton f The saxton Nuclear Facility was a pioneer in the development of the nuclear ,

I energy program for the United states. The plant is located in Bedford County, '

near santon, Pennsylvania - see Figure 1. Primarily a research and training ,

reactor, Saxton operated for ten years, from 1962 to 1972, and provided valuable information on operations and training to General Public Utilities ,

Corporation (CPU) and the domestic nuclear energy industry.

The plant is owned by the saxton Nuclear Experimental Corporation (SNEC), which is owned by the three CPU operating companies: Jersey Central Power & Light company (44%), Metropolitan Edison Company (32%), and Pennsylvania Electric ,

company (24%). The plant is currently under the administration of CPU Nuclear  ;

Corporation, CPU's nucioar operations subsidiary.

Although saxton was used for research and training, the electricity produced by [

steam from the nuclear reactor was used by the GPU system. In the ten years it y operated, Saxton produced more than 96,000 megawatt hours of electricity. Its L maximum electrical generating capability was 7 megawatts. By comparison, some of today's nuclear power plants have generating capacities of 1,000 megawatts L

I or more. Many of GPU Nuclear's operations and management personnel received L their training at the saxton plant, ,

currently, the plant is in a mothballed status. The fuel was removed from the contain.nent Vessel (CV) in 1972 and shipped to the federal f acility at Savannah River,' South Carolina. Other eystems in the Containment Vessel were drained of liquid and de-energized. The buildings and structures that supported reactor l

operations included: the contr11 and Auxiliary Building (C&A), the Radioactive Waste Disposal Pacility (RWDF), an earthen structure called the Filled Drum L Storage Bunker-(FD5b) used to stage waste prior to shipment off site, a yard  ;

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charactariaties of Radiation Instability within the nucleus of a radioactive atom results in the release of i energy in the form of radiation. Radiation is classified according to its i nature.- particulate or electromagnetic. Particulate radiation consists of energetic subatomic particles such as electrons (beta particles), pectons, i neutrons, and alpha particles. Because of its limited ability to penetrate the l human body, particulate radiation in the environment contributee primarily to internal radiation exposure resulting from inhalation and/or ingestion of radioactivity.

i Electromagnetic radiations, in the form of x-rays and gLmma rays, have characteristics similar to visible light but are more energetic and, hence, ,

more penetrating. Although x-rays and gamma rays are penetrating and can pass through varying thicknesses of materials, once they are absorbed in the material they produce energetic electrons which release their energy in a manner that is identical to beta particles. The principal concern for gamma radiation from radionuclides in the environment is their contribution to ,

external radiation exposure.

The rate with which atoms undergo disintegration (radioactive decay) varies -

among radioactive elements, but is uniquely constant for each specific radionuclide. The term " half-life" defines the time it takes for half of any amount of an element to decay and can vary from a fraction of a second for some radionuclides to millions of years for others. In fact, the natural background l radiation to which all people are exposed is largely due to the radionuclides of. uranium, thorium, and potassium. These radioactive elements were formed after the initial creation of the universe and, owing to their long half-lives, will continue to be present for millions of years to come. For example, potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.3 billion years and exists naturally within our bodies. As a result, approximately 4000 atoms of potassium emit radiation internally within each of us every second of our life.

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.' i The common unit of measure for radioactivity is the " curie". It represents the radioactivity in one gesa of natural radium which is also equal to a decay rate of 37 billion radiation omissions every second. Because of the extremely small amounts of radioactive material in the environment, it is more convenient to use. fractions of a curie. subunits like "picoeurie" (one trillionth of a curie) are frequently used to express the radioactivity present in

. environmental and biological samples.

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l The biological effects of a specific dose of radiation are the same whether the radiation source is external or internal to the body. The important factor is how much radiation energy or dose was deposited.- The unit of radiation dose is the " rem", which also incorporates the variable effectiveness of differeat i forms of radiation to produce biological change. For environmental radiation exposures, it is convenient to use the smaller unit of "alllirem" to express  ;

dose (1000 millireme equals 1 rem). When radiation exposure occurs over periods of time, it is appropriate to refer to the " dose rate". Dose rates,

  • therefore, define the total dose for a fixed interval of time and, for  ;

environmental exposures, are usually measured with reference to one year of L time (millireme per year).

Sources of Radiation Life on earth has evolved amid the constant exposure to natural radiation. In fact, the single major source of radiation to which the general population is exposed comes from natural sources. Although everyone on the planet is exposed g to natural radiation, seme people receive more than others. Radiation exposure f ran natural background has three components (i.e. , cosmic, terrestrial, and internal) and varies with altitude and geographic location, as well as with living habits.

For example, cosmic radiation originating from deep interstellar space and the sun increases with altitude, since there is less air which acts as a shield.

similarly, terrestrial radiation resulting from the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in the soil varies and may be significantly higher in some areas of the country than in others. Even the use of particular building l

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a materials' for houses, cooking with gas, and home insulation af fect exposure to natural radiation.  !

The presence of radioactivity in the human body results from the inhalation and ,

ingestion of air, food, and water containing naturally occurring j radionuclides. For example, drinking water contains trace amounts of uranium and radium, and milk contains radioactive potassium. Table 1 summarises the [

common sources of, radiation and their average annual doses.

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TABLE 1 (Ref. 1)

Sources and Domes of Radiation ,

Natural (82%) Man-made (18%)

4 Source millirema/vear Source millirema/vear Radon 200 (55%) Medical X-rays 39 (11%)

Cosmic rays 27 (8%) Nuclear Medicine 14 (4%) -

Terrestrial 28 (8%) Consumer products 10 (3%)

Internal 40 (11%) other Less than 1 ( 1%)

(Releases from nat. gas, phosphate mining, burning of coal, weapons fallout, l & nuclear fuel cycle)

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l- APPROXIMATE APPROXIMATE

! TOTAL 300 TOTAL 63 i

NOTE: Percentage contribution of the total dose is shown in parentheses.

The average person in the United States receives about 300 millitems (0.3 rem) per year from natural backgrcund radiation sources. This estimate was revised from about 100 to 300 millirems because of the inclusion of radon gas which has always 1xpen present but has not previously figured in the calculations. In some regions of the country, the amount of natural radiation is significantly higher. Residents of Colorado, for example, receive an additional 80 millirems (0.08 rem) per year due to the increase in cosmic and terrestrial radiation levels. In fact, for every 100 feet above sea level, a person will receive an additional 1 millirem (0.001 rem) per year from cosmic radiation. In several c

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+ i regions of the world, high concentrations of uranium and radium deposits result i in doses of several thousand millirems (several roms) each year to their  ;

residents (reference 2).

Recently, public attention has focused on radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas produced from uranium and radium decay. These elements are  !

widely distributed in trace amounts in the earth's crust. Unusually high concentrations have been found in certain parts of eastern Pennsylvania and northern New Jersey. Radon levels in some homes in these areas are hundreds of {

times greater than levels found elsewhere in the United States. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Nessurements (NCRP) estimates that the j average individual in the United states receives an annual dose of about 2400 millireme (2.4 rems) to the lung from natural radon (Ref. 1). The lung dose is considered to be equivalent to a whole body dose of 200 millireme. The NCRP has recommended actions to control indoor radon sources and reduce exposures.

When radioactive substances are inhaled or swallowed, they are distributed ,

within the body in a nonuniform farhion. For example, radioactive iodine selectively concentrates in the thyroid gland, radioactive cesium is distributed throughout the body water in muscles, and radioactive strontium concentrates in bone. The total dose to organs by a given radionuclide is also '

influenced by the quantity and the duration of time that the radionuclide remains in the body, including its physical, biological and chemical characteristics. Depending on their rate of radioactive decay and biological elimination from the body, some radionuclides stay in the body fer very short l

l times while others remain for years.

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In addition to natural radiation, we are exposed to radiation from a number of l man-made sources. The largest of these sources comes from diagnostic medical x-rays, fluoroscopic examinations and radioactive pharmaceuticals. Some 80 million Americans-receive medical or dental x-rays each year. The annual dose to an individual from such radiation averages about 53 millireme (0.053 rem).

Much smaller doses come from consumer products such as televisions, smoke detectors, fertilizers, and nuclear weapons fallout. Production of nuclear 6

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power and its associated fuel cycle contributes lose than 1 millirem (0.001 res) to the annual dose of about 300 millirems (0.3 rem) from natural background sources for the average individual living in the United States.

" Fallout

  • commonly refers to the radioactive debris that settles to the surface of the earth following the detonation above ground of nuclear weapons. It can be washed down to the earth's surface by precipitation and is dispersed throughout the environment. There are approximately 200 radionuclides produced in the nuclear weapon detonation process; a number of these are detected in fallout.

The radionuclides found in fallout which produce most of the fallout radiation exposures to humans are iodine-131 (I-131), strontium-69 (Sr-89), cesium-137 (Co-137), and strontium-90 (Sr-90),

Radiation - Research and Raoulation Almost from the outset of the discovery of x-rays in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen, the potential hazard of ionizing radiation was recognized and efforts were made to establish radiation protection standards. The Internat.ional commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the National Council on Radiation Protection and Meneurements (NCRP) were established in 1928 and 1*29, Stapectively. These organizations have the longest continuous experience in tiv review of radiation health effects and in establishing guidelines for radiological protection and r-diation exposure limits. In 1955, the United Nations created a Scientific Committee on the Effacts of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) to summarise reports received on radiation levels and the effects on man and his environment. The Nation 41 Academy of Sciences (NAS) formed a committee in 1956 to review the biological effects of atomic radiation (BEAR). A series of reports have been issued by this and succeeding NAS committees on the biological ef fects of s ionizing radiation (BEIR), the most recent being issued in 1987 (known as BEIR IV). The Federal Radiation Council (FRC) was formed in 1959 to provide a federal policy on human radiation exposures. These federal policies are approved by the President of the United States.

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These committees and commissions of nationally and internationally recognised '

scientific experts have been dedicated to the understanding of the health  ;

ef fects of radiation by investigating all sources of relevant knowledge and scientific data and by providing guidance for radiological protection. Their members are selected from universities, scientific research centers and other national and international research organisations. The committee reports l contain scientific data obtained from physical, biological, and epidemiological ,

studies on radiation health effects and serve as scientific references for information presented in this report. Since its inception, the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) has depended upon the recommendations of the ICRP, the NCRP, and the FRC for basic radiation protection standards and .

guidance in establishing regulations for the nuclear industry (Ref. 3 through 6).

1988 Activities at Saxton ,

Decontamination of the C&A, RWDF, and yard pipe tunnel was nearing completion by the end of 1988. The work was performed in accordance with the plant's license and NRC regulations. Fone of the work performed et the Saxton site poses a hasard to the public or the environment.

Workers performed the decontamination using standard industrial tools, such as ,

small jackhammer-like concrete chipping machines. Larger, industrial hydraulic ,

1 Workers wore standard chisels were used for the high density concrete.

protective clothing (coveralls, shoe coverings, and gloves) to keep potential 1

contamination of f of their skin. An air sampling program was in place to monitor work areas and personnel.

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The decontamination work involved wiping down interior surf aces, sandblasting l

and chipping away contaminated concrete, removing contaminated materials and l packaging the material as low-level radioactive waste. A small portion of the radioactive waste was sent directly from the site for burial as LSA waste. In 1988, approximately 16,820 cubic feet of radioactive waste was packaged in l

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.e metal boxes and drums and shipped as LSA by truck to a contractor for volume reduction and burial. Currently, the federally regulated disposal sites are Richland, Washington,and Barnwell, South Carolina.

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In september of 1988, a comprehensive radiological survey program was begun in the C&A Building, RWDF, and yard pipe tunnel. This survey used a variety of j eencitive instruments and specific procedures to carefully search previously decontaminated areas for traces of remaining radioactivity. This technique, described in detail in NUREG-2082, is the standard for the release of l previously used nuclear facilities.

The radiological survey and decontamination work currently being accomplished does not include the containment Vessel. A study completed by GPU Nuclear in 1984 showed that pitting of the steel surfaces below ground level could occur between 1993 and 2006. To verify the earlier study, GPU Nuclear repeated the l analysis in May, 1987. The data have been reviewed by metallurgical engineers and they conclude that the structure will remain sound through at least 1997. ,

As a part of the overall efforts at the site to understand the distribution of naturally occurring and plant-related radioactivity, SNEC retained scientists l ,

from Penn State University, with coordination provided by Westinghouse, to J

conduct two studies of radioactivity in soil and surficial materials at Saxton.

j The first study, " Report on Drilling and Radiometric Analyses of Samples Collected at Sites of Spent Resin and Liquid Waste Tanks SNEC Facility, Saxton, l

PA" by A. W. Rose, Dept. of Geosciences, PSU and W. A-Jester, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, PSU (Reference 7), was conducted at 6 locations where 3 spent resin And 3 liquid waste tanks had previously been buried and in use. The 2 tanks and adjacent contaminated soil were removed in the early 1970's. ,

( One of the main conclusions of the first study was the fact that cesium-137 and cobalt-60 generally contributed 10% or less to the total gamma radioactivity present in the cores. The remaining gamma radioactivity, at least 90% of the total, was the result of the naturally occurring radionuclides potassium-40, thorium-232, and uranium-238 and their daughters.

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The second study, "Goologic, Chemical, Radiometric and Geotechnical Studies of '

Samples From Eleven Dr111 holes in Surficial Materials, Saxton Nuclear Facility, f Santon, Pennsylvania", by A. W. Rose, Dept. of Geosciences, PSU, W. A. Jester, ,

Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, D. J. Greeman, graduate assistant, Dept. of l Geosciences,.PSU, and B. C. Ford, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, PSU (Reference  !

8), was specifically designed and executed as a materiale characterisation  ;

study. The main purpose of this work was to gain an understanding of the l.

physical, chemical and radiological character of the black gritty material at and near the surface of most of the site. This material has been loosely ,

called " fly ash" in recent years. 4 i

The second study also noted that the cesium-137 and cobalt-60 concentrations were small relative to those of the naturally occurring radionuclides in the uranium, thorium and potassium series. Another main conclusion of the second study was the fact that the greatest fraction of cesium-137 in core samples was concentrated in the top few inches. In addition, the second study also noted that the highest surface concentrations of cesium-137 occurred within the SNEC fence.

complete copies of both of these studies were submitted by SNEC to the USNRC  ;

Document control Desk by letter of transmittal dated May 22, 1989.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND RADIOLOGICAL SURVEYS Introduction The Sagton Nuclear Facility had all of its radioactive fuel removed from the CV in 1972. In addition, removal of fixed contamination from within the C&A, RWDF and pipe tunnel continued to be accomplished through the end of 1988. The, saxton station can no longer produce and release radioactivity to the air and water in the conventional manner of nuclear plants. However, GPU Nuclear continues to maintain a series of radiological and environmental surveys in and around the plant. A list of the 1988 environmental sampling locations follows as Table 2.

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i Envirenanntal Runsaura Pathways ',

There are virtually no functional environmental radiation exposure pathways from the santon Nuclear Facility. The plant does not actively produce any liquid or gaseous effluents. The primary potential exposure pathway is direct radiation from the plant facility. The absence of strong sources of radiation ,

at the plant make the potential risk from this pathway minimal. Secondly, and f

also of low potential risk to the public, is the possibility that contamination affixed to particles of soil and building materials may migrate off site. ,

These potential pathways pose no measurable risk to the public because of the general absence of large quantities of radioactive materials at the site.

Survey Methods The environmental and radiological survey program examines radiation and contamination levels in plant facilities, as well as in and around the exclusion area. Thermoluminescent Dosimetry (TLD's), sediment and water sampling were used in 1988.

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. Santon j SAMPLING LOCATIONS l

,; Station code Demerietion Samnle Tyne Al-1 N, drain outfall,.outbide Sediment, TLD perimeter fence A1-2 N,' sump in bottom of Water containment vessel Al-4 N, at discharge of Westinghouse sediment, water weir in the Raystown Branch, Juniata River 31-1 NNE, utility pole, outside TLD  :

perimeter fence, 4 meters up i B1-2 NNE, yard drain, between Water J the CV and RWST B1-4 N,;E side of split weir in Water, Sedittent Westinghouse area  !

Cl-2 NE, RWST sump, N Water Cl-3 NE, RWST sump, S Water  !

C1-5 NE, utility pole four meters up TLD C1-6 NE, drain outfall, outside Sediment, Water perimeter fence

- Cl-7 NE, utility pole between TLD the CV and RWST

- D1-1 ENE,-tree, distant TLD perimeter fence D1-4 ENE, near former RWDF tank site TLD D1-7 ENE, nonroutine sampling Water location, dowatering well El-1 E, Penelec Line office Drinking Water El-33 E, in fenced restricted area TLD 12 -

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Saxton SAMPLING LOCAT10MB station cada Descriotion sammle Tyne El-5 E, utility pole four meters up TLD El-7 RWDF sump Water ]

El-17 Penelec line office TLD 1

El-18 Composite sampler for all ground Water l water removed from RWDF and EA pipe tunnel, l 1

1 E3-1 E, of Site (Control Station) TLD 5 km east of RB in State Game Land #67  ;

3 F1-2' ESE, perimeter fence TLD F1-4A ESE, enclosed, fenced area TLD south of FDSB  !

F1-48 ESE, enclosed, fenced area, TLD south of FDSB

  • F1-5 ESE, utility pole adjacent TLD to FDSB F9-1 Mountain spring, background Water ,

Station C1-1 SE, Jack Weaver residence Drinking water, ,

TLD G1-2. SE, perimeter fence TLD G1-6 SE, pipe tunnel around Water tho CV H1-2 SSE, ash tree along road TLD H1-4 SSE, utility pole north of TLD storage building J1-1 3, pole adjacent to gas pumps TLD l.-

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Santon 8 i

SAMPLING LOCATIONS l l

9 station code Description Samnia Tvom J I

'K1-2 SSW, 50 meters ssW of perimeter. TLD fence on small locust tree .

J Ki-4 EsW, utility pole north of garage TLD  !

K1-5 SSW outside Borough Hall, Saxton TLD L1-1 SW, 30 meters sw of perimeter TLD fence M1-1 WsW, station intake structure Water, sediment i on the Raystown Branch of the Juniata River j

. M1-2 WsW, shoup's Run bypass drain TLD, water, outfall. TLD is approximately sediment [

3 meters up in small locust tree M1-4 WsW, utility pole outside CV TLD [

main personnel hatch t

'N1-2 W, five meters west of perimeter TLD ,

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N1-3 W, large oak tree TLD P1-1 WNW, 75 meters WNW of perimeter TLD fence i

Q1-1 NW, station discharge structure Water, Sediment on the Raystown Branch of the Juniata River l

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  • NW, perimeter fence TLD R1-1 NNW, perimeter fence TLD SPSXHIEFFILT HEPA Filter in breather pipe AP through CV. ,

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u-*=ur-- nt of low-level Radioactivity Measurement of' low radionuclide concentrations in environmental media requires special analysis techniques. Analytical laboratories use equipment designed to l measure the types of radiation emitted (alpha, beta, and gamma) and to measure j very small quantities of radioactivity. Examples of laboratory equipment used I are germanium detectors with multichannel analysers for specific gamma emitting -)

radionuclides, liquid scintillation detectors for tritium, and low-level alpha

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and beta counters. The TLDs are processed in a state-of-the art calibrated I reading system. computer hardware and software used in conjunction with the counting equipment perform calculations and provide data management. The {

analytical results are reviewed routinely by GPU Nuclear environmental scientists for accuracy and trends. Investigations are conducted if results indicate nonroutine data exist from sampling locations. The data from the santon environmental monitoring program have shown levels of radiation and i radionuclides attributable to both the natural background of the region and to i residual contamination from the operation of the facility itself. During 1988, ,

samples were analyzed at GPU Nuclear's Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Telodyne Isotopes Laboratories at Westwood, NJ and Northbrook, Illinois.

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. ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS ,

5fi .Results of Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Monitorino k

' Quarterly monitoring for direct. radiation exposure due to gamma radiation has been conducted at the SKEC. facility since 1982. The initial program was l .

-y implemented after preliminary results were obtained frcm readings obtained in ,

1981.- The program expanded from the initial.10 locations to its present 30 station design in recent~ years. The TLD's used at the SNEC facility are qualified for environmental monitoring under the American National Standard 4 Institute's (ANSI) publication N545-1975 and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory +

Commission's-(NRC)' Regulatory Guide 4.13.

The indicator. stations are the monitoring points which are' located closest to.  !

the' facility. Their proximity to the SNEC plant is designed to detect any

. direct radiation exposure to the surrounding environment due to the radiological status of the facility. The control, or background, monitoring points are situated so as to be relatively unaffected by the radiological conditions-on or within the plant's onsite~ structures. The 1988 TLD data, shown in Tablo 3, do not show any discernibly difference from prior years for stations outside. the SNEC exclusion area. All TLDs are also influenced by i

i radioactivity from man-made and naturally occurring. radionuclides.

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l Two changes in annual dose were, however, noted in onsite monitoring stations.

~

First,-stetion F1-5, on a utility pole adjacent to the filled drum' storage L ..

L bunker showed an annual dose of 94.1 millirems for the year of 1988. This l' represents a substantial decrease from the annual average dose of 173 millirems

.for thg years 1984 to 1987, inclusive. This decrease in annual dose is due to p the removal of contaminated soil from the FDSB.

L L

l' l

l..

l 16 l

l

6 ir3LE 3 SNBC 1988 ENVIRONMENTAL THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY MR PER STD QUARTER AND 2 SIGMA STATION FIRST QUARTER SECOND QUARTER THIRD QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER A1-1 15.6 +/- 1.14 19.6 +/- 4.65 21.6 +/- 0.93 20.6 +/- 1.11 B1-1 14.4 +/- 1.59 18.8 +/- 1.32 . +/- . (N) 19.1 +/- 0.72 C1-5 17.8 +/- 0.36 23.0 +/- 1.17 24.1 +/- 1.95 23.1 +/- 1.11 Cl-7(EA) 25.2 +/- 1.56 27.5 +/- 1.17 28.5 +/- 1.29 27.6 +/- 1.32 D1-1(*) 21.1 +/- 0.87 20.8 +/- 1.77 22.0 +/- 0.96 24.1 +/- 1.38 D1-4(EA) 22.3 +/- 1.29 24.2 +/- 1.35 26.0 +/- 2.19 24.4 +/- 0.87 El-17 . +/- . (4) . +/- . (4) 14.6 +/- 0.36 16.5 +/- 0.63 El-3B(EA) 24.2 +/- 6.90 23.0 +/- 0.93 24.6 +/- 1.23 22.3 +/- 1.23

'EA) 20.9 +/- 1.59 22.4 +/- 1.20 20.0 +/- 0.99 22.8 +/- 1.26 E3-1(C) 13.9 +/- 1.74 18.1 +/- 1.41 16.4 +/- 1.56 18.8 +/- 1.C2 F1-2 21.3 +/- 1.44 22.6 +/- 1.98 20.7 +/- 0.84 23.6 +/- 0.69 F1-4A(XX) 117 +/- 5.04 123 +/- 4.47 127 +/- 6.93 120 +/- 2.19 F1-4B(XX) 102 +/- 4.14 103 +/- 6.81 109 +/- 0.06 105 +/- 0.07 F1-5(EA) 24.6 +/- 2.07 22.7 +/- 1.35 24.3 +/- 0.39 22.5 +/- 0.66 G1-1(C) 16.2 +/- 5.25 19.1 +/- 0.87 17.4 +/- 1.20 19.2 +/- 0.72 G1-2 19.8 +/- 0.87 20.7 +/- 1.80 20.2 +/- 2.25 21.7 +/- 1.23 H1-2 18.9 +/- 1.95 19.5 +/- 1.11 18.4 +/- 4.65 19.3 +/- 1.20 H1-4 19.0 +/- 1.02 19.2 +/- 2.88 . +/- . (V) 20. 2 + /- 1. 2 3 JJ-1 15.6 +/- 1.59 17.6 +/- 1.53 13.9 +/- 1.38 16.9 +/- 1.35 K1-2 19.2 +/- 0.78 20.5 +/- 1.95 21.4 +/- 3.39 . +/- .(N)

Ki-4 21.9 +/- 0.99 22.4 +/- 1.14 21.5 +/- 1.26 24.1 +/- 1.89 K1-5 18.5 +/- 0.54 18.4 +/- 1.77 16.9 +/- 2.16 18.8 +/- 1.02 L1-1 15.7 +/- 1.05 16.6 +/- 0.51 19.1 +/- 0.99 18.7 +/- 0.93 M1-2 16.1 +/- 0.81 19.0 +/- 0.81 19.5 +/- 1.35 19.9 +/- 0.30

_M1-4(EA) 16.2 +/- 1.53 18.6 +/- 1.08 17.4 +/- 2.10 19.5 +/- 1.62 N1-2 15.8 +/- 1.44 18.1 +/- 1.05 19.4 +/- 1.29 16.2 +/- 0.84 N1-3 16.9 +/- 1.08 17.5 +/- 1.23 15.8 +/- 1.50 18.2 +/- 1.23 P1-1 13.6 +/- 1.59 16.7 +/- 0.87 16.3 +/- 1.02 17.7 +/- 1.35 Q1-3 13.8 +/- 0.54 17.1 +/- 1.74 16.5 +/- 2.13 16.8 +/- 0.54_

R1-1 14.9 +/- 2.73 19.6 +/- 0.57 l 20.6 +/- 0.87 19.6 +/- 1.80 NOTES:

1. TLD STAVON LOCAT10NS LIFIED IN TABLE 2.

2 (EA) REFERS TO STAT 10NS WIWIN THE SNEC EXCLUSION AREA.

A (C) REFERS 110 STAT 10NS CONSIDERED TO BE CON'IROL STATIONS.

4. E117, PENELEC LINE OFFICE, ESTABLISHED AS A STW aTADON IN TIIE WIRD QUAREIR.
5. (V) DATA LOST DUE TO VANDALISM.

t (N) DATA LDST DUETO NAWRAL CAUSES.

t (*) Station D1 1 har. provously twen reported as a control station. During 1988, an exhaustm field review of tha sit t revealed tu fact taac it may not be a true control station that is comp 6ctely unaffected by plant related l radioactr iry. For the rea.on, .nu station in no longer reported as a control staton.

1 8 (XX) Thoe two stations are located in a locked fenced area, about 50 feet long and 20 feet wide south of the FDSB. l l

The area is known to contain above becagroun6 leWs of Cesium 137 and Cobalt 60. Historical R.D quarterty doses ha.e been in the same range as 1988 values.

17

, tk -

cd .

J.

,; '=

t;

' Secondly, station D1-4, in the ENE sector near the location of previously existing-RWDF tanks, showed~a slight increase in~1988. The 1988 annual dose was 96.9 millireme.- The average annual dose for the years 1984 to 1987, inclusive ~, was about 86.2 millireme. This slight increase is most likely due to the temporary storage of sealed drums of soil and surficial materials that contain small amounts of gamma emitting radionuclides. The drums are immediately adjacent to the'TLD station and inside the SNEC EA. They pose no

. risk to the public. health and safety.

Natural background exposures for ambient gamma radiation in the environment have been well. documented. An annual estimate of 95 millireme from naturally

. occurring terrestrial and cosmic sources was proposed by Whicker and Schultz

'(Ref. 9). More specifically, an annual estimate of 100 millireme per year in

Pennsylvania from combined cosmic and terrestrial sources has been published by Klement (Ref. 10). It is notable that none of the stations'outside of the-SNEC EA are as high as Klement's estimate of 100 millireme per year or Whicker and Schultz's estimate of 95 millirems per year.

These data indicate that outside the exclusion area, comprised of.the SNEC site, radiation levels are consistent with natural background. Areas within the SNEC fenced controlled areas are influenced by residual contamination remaining onsite. . It is believed that the predominant-source of these elevated readings is-the exclusion area yard where-contamination levels are greater than background but consistent with the as-left conditions during the 1972-1974-initial'decommisaloning period.

1988 Sediment Sat % Lng During 1988, sediment samples were collected from seven locations. These locations includes o ephemeral drain outfalls that drain small areas of the site and flow only af ter intense precipitatior cr heavy snowmelt. This category includes station Al-1 and Cl-6. The Penelec line shack garage floor drain also drains to ci-6.

18 Y 2'  :

-is e s '

i

. <l1 H ' , 1

^*

"?Jg A ~

-o- an engineered drainage pipe bypass system that originally bypassed i l

.the shoup's Run surface water past the former coal 1 plant intake into- l

. the.Rayetown Branch of-the Juniata River. This station - station 1 M1-2' currently receives infiltrated groundwater from the subsurface pipe run (about 800long) from shoup Run to a drainage outfall west of the Penelec. exclusion fence. Shoup Run is no longer

. diverted through this drainage pipe. )

o sediment from a drop-weir (station B1-4) inside the Penelec area, I fence that' drains to tho'Raystown-Branch of the Juniata River at the

. location of. station Al-4.

~

o sediment from the Raystown Branch of the Juniata River at locations t

M1-1, Ql-1 and Al-4.

.- Results of 1988 Radiolocical Analysis of Sediment Samoles

' The results of-the quarterly sediment samples are listed in Table 4. All sediment samples.also contain substantial amounts of naturally occurring radioactivity such as Potassium 40 (K-40) and Radium 226. (Ra-226) .

-l t

i i

t

).

19

.i.

P ,L;; 2.;

1s. .

t 10 i 6: ,

  • h_

TABLE 4 Quarterly Results of-sediment sample Analyses (pci/g) 3/4/88 6/27/88 9/22/88 12/14/88 1st ouarter 2nd Quarter 3rd ouarter 4th ouarter ca 137' Al-1 2.4 1-.2 1.9 1 2 1.9 1 2 1.7'1 2 E ci-6 3.4:1 3 3.9 1 .4 4.11 4 4.2 1 4 M1-l' .11 1. 05 .181 03 .038 1 022 .84 1 080 Mi-2 . 55 11.06 .61 06- .9 1 09 (1.)

.12 1 02 .062 1 02 (1.)

~

s Q1-1 .25-1 06 7/6/88 (1.)

Al-4* .049 1 020

' B1-4*' 49 i 5 (2.) (2.)

ca 134 Al-1 <.3 <.1 <.13 <.05 ci-6: <.19 <.09 <.1 <.09 Mi-1 <.16 <.08 <.06 <.08

- M1-2 <.14 <.09 <.08 (l' )

Q1-1 <.14 <.05 -<.06 (1.)

7/6/88 Al-4* <.04 (1.)

B1-4*- <.09 (2.). (2.)

. 29._ft2

. Al-1 <.2~ <.06 0.056 1 0.037 0.043 1 0.016.

ci-6 <.16 .11 1 03 0.088 1 0.030 <.06

- M1-1 <.1 <.05' <.05 <.04 Mi-2 <.08 <.04 <.05 -(1.)

Q1-1 <.11 <.03 <.04 7/6/88 Al-4* <.04 (1.)

- B1-4=- .22-1 04 (2.) (2.)

B112 Al-1 .079 1 013 <.03 (3.) (3.)

ci .079 1 024- .047 i .024 (3.) (3.).

~ M1 1: *

<.05 <.02 <.04 (3.)

Mi-2' <.03 <.05 <.05 (3.)

- Q1-1 <.03 <.03 <.05 (3.)-

.B1-4* <.05 (2.) (2.)

(1.): No sample obtained due to frozen conditions.

(2.): No sample available.

(3.): Analysis not performed.

  • New sampling locations added during 1988.

I I

20 t

5  :

Om , 3 lW casium 137 J

~

Cesium-137 in-the environment occurs globally and is normally-detected in sediment-samples. . A variety of estimates of its environmental concentration '

~

. exist in the literature.' For example, one reference (NCRP 58) lists a typical t l

Cesium-137 concentration in soil from nuclear weapons fallout as 1 pCi/gm (Ref 11). Another reference cites Cesium-137 from past nuclear weapon tests as the major _ source of long-lived external gamma radiation from fallout (Ref. 12)'.

< Whicker and. schultz note that cesium-137 from weapons testing fallout is-universally distributed in the biosphere and exists in detectable concentrations in all life forms (Ref 13). Eisenbud has calculated the human uptake of f allout related Cesium-137 at 22,300 pCi per year based upon dietary ,

intake of most normal foods (Ref. 14). ,

In. addition to the Cesium-137 from past nuclear weapon tests, the Chernobyl nuclear, accident that occurred in the Soviet Union in April, 1986, added to the global inventory of this and other radionuclides. Environmental monitoring

,L stations around the world detected sharp increases in Cesium-137, Cesium-134

-and other reactor isotopes in the weeks following the accident (Ref. 15).

Consistent with the above, all seven stations displayed small concentrations of Cs 137. Two stations, Al-1 and Cl-6, showed slightly higher than background concentrations for-Cs 137. These two stations receive fine-grained fly ash .i

entrained by drainage from the SNEC yard-and vicinity and would be expected to contain small, but above background, levels of Cs 137.

During the-second quarter surveillance a sediment sample was taken from the Westinghouse weir, station B1-4. TP9 Cs 137 result was 49 i 5 pci/gm with a confirmatory sample result for Co 137 of 45

  • 4 pCi/gm t. ken on 6 July 1988. ,

Also.on 6 July 1988 a sediment sample was taken from the Juniata River at the Westinghouse weir outfall, station Al-4. The Cs 137 result was background at E

0.049 2 0.02 pCi/gm. The sediment load in the weir resulted as water was pumped out of the RWDF during active decontamination. The water that was pumped out of the RWDF was sampled as station El-7, the results ar1 reported in 1

l 21 l

, 8 t

y - * '

c <

[ Of

-Table

6.. All results-for station El-7 were well below 10CFR20, Appendix B 1 r

limits for. unrestricted releases. The weir was isolated and the sediment was ,

' removed.' There since has been only a trace accumulation of sediment in the g weir . :

i

n. coalum 134 ,

?

During 1988, Cesium 134 was not detected in any SNEC sediment samples.

p '.

! -cobalt 60 ';

During 1980, one station - C1+6 had a single occurrence of a low level of i F ' Cobalt 60. _ In addition, the sediments removed from the station B1-4 (as 1 i

described above in the Co 137 section) also conceined low ~ levels of Co 60. All' ,

other.at'atione did nst display detectable concentrations of Cobalt 60 in 1988.  ;

j Strontiam QQ l

l ,

t . ,

Strontium-90 is ubiquitous inLthe environment as-a result of.nucist.r wespons J

" teste conducted.in the 1950's and 1960's. ~ Strontium-90 has a 30-year half.

l .

-i p, life.. Its presence in environmental samples is relatively persistent.- A1:..o st fall samples collected on and around the SNEC facility have contained environmental: levels of Sr-90 contamination. As expected,'Sr-90 is

- occasionally detected in SNEC samples at low levels.

i 1988 Water Samolina-  ;

i :.

l ', . A wide variety of water samples were collected from the SNEC site in 1988.

These include:

1

.o ' surface water samples from the Raystown Branch of the Juniata

'?

-River. The stations (M1-1, Q1-1, and Al-4) were used to attempt to

(.

" ~

monitor the river 1n locations that could be affected by the SNEC

.\.

22 g-

ilr :s,p D' -

H

? '. 's' W1p -

site. .For.esample, station Al-4 is located' adjacent to the concrete q bulkhead that houses the discharge pipe from the Westinghouse area J drop weir,Estation 31-4.

se .

)

o infiltrated or slowly drained water from weirs,: sumps and tunnels.

'These stations include B1-4, the Westinghouse area drop weir.that currently' receives all groundwater dowatered from~the RWDF and EA pipe tunnel, M1-2, at the outfall of the Shoup Run bypass, Station

[ El-7 which is'the rump in the bottom of the RWDF, station El-18

'which is'a composite sample of all ground water removed from the

~RWDF and EA pipe tunnel, station G1-6 which is the CV pipe tunnel,

  • 7 stations Cl-2 and C1-3 which are the RWST sumps.

o _ well water that may'be used for human consumption such as the ,

Penelec line' shack (station El-1) and Weaver residence,' station-r G1-1.

l. >

o nonroutine well' samples from on site dowatering wells.(not.used for

' human consumption), such as station D1-7. <

, , e 7

L o ~ an offsite intermittent spring sample-station F9-1, intended to I'

L ~ provide a' background perspective on the radiological character of- j l'

groundwater.

L For the purpose of clarity in.the 1988' report, surface water and subsurface (or

. ground) water results are reported separately. 7 i

Results of 1988 Radiolocical Analvaes of Surface Water Samelina I

L 'The results of the radiological analyses of surface waters are included in, Table 5. .For clarity, data are reported by radionuclide, by station and by date even though no plant-related radionuclides were detected.

l h

l L-23 l~

l <

l s ~ . .

7 4,,

4 +

-, ~ ~ - - - - -- -- --

4;pl . ::e .a ,

q 8-e>&,j . ,  ;.

, 9, r

,?l $

a 7 g

pg ,

j Casium 137 .]

e '

1 4-

.a . The existence'of fallout-related Cesium-137 has been documented in the .

~ literature.(Ref.;16, pages'389-390). and is usually attributable to adsorption c

f '

-s of Cs 137.and fine sediment' particles. During 1988,.however, Cs 137'was not. j

, detected!in.SNEC surface water. samples. . >

J Cesium 134 ,

e h.9 .. Cesium 134 was not detected in any~SNBC surface water samples in 1988.

em .

A 1

- , Cobalt 60

.. -s

~

Cobalt <60[was not detected in any SNEC surface water. samples in 1988.

! Gross Aloha and' Beta'

[0ccasional detection of gross. alpha a'nd. consistent detection of gross beta

, radioactivity.was-documented in 1988. The concentrations are consistent with -4

. natural background. [

l; 1,. -s b Tritium .

Tritium l'n' surface waters occurs globally and is primarily the result of 4 l fnatural and' weapons. testing sources. A review of Tritium in the environment b can be found in NCRP 62 (Reference 17). Tritium was detected only occasionally.

b l~ (4'out.of 13 analyses) during 1988.- The four positive results were at normally 4 h- -; encountered background levels.

J ,

' 3trontiggL1Q q

Sr 90 was not detected in any SNEC surface water samples during 1988.

4+

s l 24 l

=-

  • , 4

.4 --

7-...

7 - .- --

7 ~

' ~

<?~ l~ _

.; . ._ _ 's,]: L: - - , ,

' - s

~

s ~ <-

4;z e

~- _

~ '

E,i.Y. %j

, g:4 j' q

L . 1 TABLE 5

-SURFACE WATER DATA

,SAITOW"

. 1988

~

STATION COLL. DATE START COLL. DATE STOP ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTES l RADIONUCLIDE 1 07/01/88 '<9 pCi/1L Co 60 Al-4 07/01/88- ' pCi/1 l 03/04/88 <6 M1-1 03/04/88 .pC1/1 M1-1 06/27/88 .06/27/88 <5 09/22/88 <3 pCi/1 M1-1 09/22/88 pCi/1 M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 03/04/88 <6 pCi/1 --

Mi-2 03/04/88 Mi-2 06/27/88 06/27/88~ -<3- pCi/1 09/22/88 <6 pCi/1-Mi-2 09/22/88 pC1/1 12/14/88 <6 M2-2 12/14/88 03/04/88 <4 ;pC1/1-Q1-1 03/04/88 pC1/1 06/27/88 <4 Q1-1 06/27/88 pCi/1- 4th QTR SAMPLE NOf AVAILABLE DUE TO ICE 09/22/88 <4 Q1-1 09/22/88 07/01/88 <7 p01/1 Co 137 Al-4 07/01/88 pCi/1 03/04/88 <6 M1-1 03/04/88 pCi/1..

06/27/88'- <3 M1-1 06/27/88 pC1/1 09/22/88 <2 M1-1 09/22/88 pC1/1-12/14!88 <5 M1-1 12/14/88 pci/1 03/04/88 <5 M1-2 03/04/88 pC1/1 06/27/88 . <3 Mi-2 06/27/88 pC1/1 09/22/88 <7 M1-2 09/22/88 s<5 pCi/1 M1-2 12/14/88 12/14/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/1 Q1-1 03/04/88 pC1/1 06/27/88 <3 Q1-1 06/27/88 <3 pC1/1 Q1-1 09/22/88 09/22/98 25-

- -. - -- :=

---:==--.- - 2 . = - - .-=

- =. .

=- _

,u. ,

_.,g

?

, _ . -)

=

TABLE.5 -

, [

SURFACE WATER DATA-

.' SAXTON -

. 1988: _

RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL DATE START COLL. DATE STOP ACTIVITY ERBOR UNITS NOTES Ca 134 31-4 07/01/88 07/01/88 <14' pci/1 M1-1 03/04/88 .03/04/88 <7 pci/1. ,

M1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 ' ' <4 pCi/1-M1 09/22/88 -09/22/88 <3 pC1/1 -q M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88. <5 pC1/1 'f M1-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <7 pci/1 Mi-2 06/27/88 06/27/88 <3 pC1/1 M1-2 09/22/88 09/22/88 <13 pci/1- ,

-i M1-2 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 pCi/1 Q1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <6 pCi/1 'i Q1-1 06/27/88- 06/27/88 <4 pC1/1 Q1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <3 pCi/1 Grois Alpha M1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <6 pC1/1 ' GROSS ALPHA ANALYSES NOT PERTDRMED FOR M1-1 06/27/88- 06/27/88 6.9 12.1 pC1/1 THE 3rd QUARTER M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <4 pci/1 Mi-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <4 pC1/1 M1-2 06/27/88 06/27/88 <3 pci/1 Mi-2 12/14/88 12/14/08 <5 pCi/1 Q1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pC1/1 Q1-1 06/27/80 06/27/88 2.9 11.4 pC1/1 Gross Beta M1-1 03/04/88 -03/04/88 7 11.4 pC1/1" GROSS BETA ANALYSIS NOT PERFORMED M1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 7.8 11.4- pC1/1 FOR THE. THIRD QUARTER M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88- 2.6'- 11.0 -pCi/1~

Mi-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 3.2 11.1 pC1/1 M1-2 06/27/88 06/27/88 '6.1 11.5 pCi/1 Mi-2 12/14/88 12/14/88 5.6 13.4 pC1/1 Q1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 3.2 11.1 pC1/1 Q1-1 06/27/88 -06/27/88 4. 8 .. 11.3 pC1/1 i) 26 -

_ _ . __ _ _m _ _ _= _ . . . _ _

. . . .x_

r s s

'".A; g.,

- ,-s' ---

- ~

' t -

^' w ;?- , >< ,"

s~ e l: . ~. , _ . .

._-W

~

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~

^

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.g - ..

c . * : ' * :- 7&

m j ;.

p.

~, -

~

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TABLE 5 ,

~

SUMFACE WATER DATA- ~E SAITON

- . 1988 "

~. ~ .

RADIOffUCLIDE STATION COLL. DETE START COLL. DATE STOP ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTES O Tritium as Mi-1 03/04/88 -03/04/88 <170 pci/1~.. -

Tritiated M1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <170- pci/11

~

  • Cctor~

M1-1 '

.09/22/88 -09/22/88:. '< 150 pci/1 l M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88'- 190: 190 pci/11 am

(. M1-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <170. .pci/1-M1-2 06/27/88 '06/27/88

<170L Tpcifi M1-2 09/22/88- 09/22/88 <150 -pci/1 M1-2 12/14/88 12/14/88 '270 1100 'pci/1 Q1-1 " 03/04/88' 03/04/8B ' <170 pci/11 Ol-1 06/27/88_ 06/27/88 <170! pci/1.

91 -1 09/22/88 09/22/88. <150 pci/1 M1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 Sr 90 -<0.3 pci/1.

M1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <0.6 pci/1 9 M1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <0.8- pci/1 M1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <0.7 .pci/1: _

M1-2 03/04/88 03/04/88i <0.3 ~

pci/1 Mi-2~ 06/27/88 06/27/88 <0.9' pci/1-M1-2 09/22/88 09/22/88 <0.9 pci/1 Mi-2 12/14/88 12/14/88 <0.8 pci/1-Q1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0. 6 - .pci/1- ,

Q1-1 06/27/88 06/27/?,8 . <0.3 pci/1 Q1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 .<0.6 pci/1- .

ki

!r

~

1271 A,.  ::.- - . , - ...;.- .- .w., z .. . _ ~ . ,-- .. ; z:;- .

'ysi:xI C:'I , .

~ ~ - -

- ~ -~ -- - . - - - - - -- - -

s b ,

.; s

  • .o.

1 (n ./a a, L  ?

, p masults of i19aB Radioloalcal' analyses of Ground and'Other Suast.rface Waters .

')

. . 1

,'  ; , ' ,RadiclogicalLanalyses were completed on'a wide. variety of actual groundwater j 1 JandLuther subsurface' water samples. These results are reported in' Table 6. j l

Because ofEthe wide variety-of " types" of groundwater. samples, as previously I

,m

~

discussed, data are reported by radionuclide, by station;and by date in Tab.',e-0*

90"~-

.i a

A: , l

_m q R '. casium'137 I

j

-e- Co.137 was not detected in any actual. groundwater or drinking water samples i onsite or;offsite. Cs 1 137 was consistent 1y' detected in samples from station m ~

"G1-6 (CV pipe tunnel). This station is the. containment vessel pipe tunnel and

' 1

, contains; infiltrated ground and surface waters. These waters, once they have I y 4

' seeped.into the pipe tunnel, entrain and suspend fine-grained ~ particles from 1 0' E - .the concrete.and' debris in the tunnel. -These sediments include concrete dust,'

u -

E trust byproducts of metals and adsorbed residual Cs 137 from historical-SNBC

[ ,

operatione. The Cs 137 in the CV pipe tunnel watse does r.ot, therefore,

.a ..x

...i t

[' ,

, represent contisinated.grounawater. Furtht , analytical evidence from wells in ET;' 4: the' vicinity. indicate.that the water is not migrtting away from the pipe

.n tunnel..

v ,

L' Two sumps at the site of the former RWST and pump hoae9 (stations Cl-2 and

[

i ,u- 'Cl-3) also, contained Cs 137 in a one-time sampling on March 4, 1988. The

~~

, concentrations encountered, while clearly above background, represent either past contamination from RWST contents and/or the low levels of Cs 137 found l'

elsewhere-in the SNBC yard. The analytical data for Cs'137 from other stations

- outside the SNBC EA clearly indicate that the ca 137 is confined within the area of the SNBC fence and Lamediate vicinity. These structures were j subsequently dismantled and disposed of as LsA radwaste. Therefore, the sump areas are only depressions in the ground and no longer sampled.

28

- _ ______________R_ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _

, .g g . . _ . - - - ._

S: QW '

, bl6 Y ,

'e  ;;c ~b st l

lone positive detection of co-137!in a sample.from-tte RWDF sump (El-7) on. r

'1/1/88 was related to the decontamination-of the bu!.1 ding. ' samples later in

'the year did not reveal-co 137 and ref1nct the intensive final decontamination-

'\ '

'and radiological'eurveying'that took place during 1988'.f 1 r c'obalt 60.

3 ,

i

, ' Co : 60 ; was not detected in- any_ ground or subsurf ace waters - in 1988. [

t

' cesium 134- ,

~?

=cs1134 was not detect'ed in any, ground or subsurface waters in 1988..

. Gross Aloha Radioac*ivity

. 1 lE 'i

.'The. positive detection of low levels of alpha emitting radioactivity - called

 : gross alpha: radioactivity - is a common occurrence in groundwater samples._

Generally, radionuclides of the Uranium decay series are naturally present and

, .  ; responsible for the alpha radioactivity detected. .During 1988, station El-16 ,

  • ' -(composite sampler for dowatered groundwater from RWDF and EA pipe tunnel),

El-11(Penelec line shack. drinking water),'El-10 (background spring sample) and-

'  : G1-1,(Weaver residence drinking water) all contained low levels of' alpha .,

a emitting radioactivity on=an intermittent basis. -These occurrences-are not ri 1

fiiiterrelated but -are the 'results of naturally occurring radionuclideo in t l

, groundwater.

Cross Beta-~ Radioactivity-i Gross beta radioactivityatas commonly detected in all on and offsite ground and-

+ subsurface water samples. In most cases, the concentrations of beta emitting radionuclides were low and attributable to naturally occurring background

. radioact ivity. However, in several cases, all onsite, elevated gross beta -

radioactivity wes encountered. These include station G1-6 (CV pipe tunnel), .,

ci-2 and ci-3 (RWST sumps), and El-7 (RWDF sump).

h I

1 a

i 29  !

1 1

, .-___x_______ - - -

' 4

-w :3 , , ,

W; .

_, 1 , 9l e.

-Tritium as Tritiated Water

. Tritium is a common radionuc1'ide in the global hydrosphere.and is largely the.

result of cosmogenic production or nuclear weapons testing. During 1988, in all but one case, tritium was either below detectable limits or well within-normally-expected background ranges. The one exception, station Cl-3 (RWST sur;p) on 12/17/88 is confined to the site. The Tritium concentration at-cl-3..

.-3 on:12/17/88 represents a small amount of residual contamination from the previously existing sump.' ' Nearby well samples display only background levels of' Tritium.

Strontium 89'and 90 Sr 89'and Sr 90 were not detected in any ground or subsurface water samples

.during 1988.

9

?

4 30

- =

. ~ . : - -

.:.3  ;

..  ; w

- ~.

LTABLE 6 ;2 GROUND AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS

SAXTON

.. 1988 RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL. DATE START CO~.4. DATE STOP ~ ACTIVITY ERROk UNITS 380TES Co 137 B1-4 06/01/88 06/27/88 <3 pCi/1 PONTHLY COMPOSITE OF WEEKLY GRABS B1-4 09/22/88 09/22/88 <8 Ni/1 B1-4 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 pCi/l Cl-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 1413 pCi/1-Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 1715 pC1/1 D1-7 01/12/88 01/12/88 <7 pC1/1 D1-7 06/28/88 06/28/88 <2 pC1/1 800NROUTINE SAMPLING OF RWDF DEWATERING WELL (WATER PRESENT IN WELL)' ,

El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/1-El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <4 pCi/1 El-1 09/22/88 .09/22/88 <11 pCi/l El-1 12/14/88- 12/14/88 <7 pC1/1 El-7 01/01/88 01/29/88 3316 pCi/1 El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88. <7 pel/l El-7 02/29/88 03/31/88 <4 pCi/1 El-7 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/l El-7 03/31/86 -05/02/88 <S pCi/l El-7 05/02/88- 06/01/88 <6 pCi/l a El-7 06/01/88 06/27/88' <4' pC1/1 El-7 06/27/88 07/11/88 <10 pC1/1 RWDF SUMP COMPOSITE El-7 09/14/88 09/14/88 <8 pC1/1 El-14 01/12/88 01/12/88 <7 pci/1 El-14 06/28/88 06/28/88 <7 'pC1/1-El-15 01/12/88 01/12/88 <7 pCi/1 El-15 06/28/88 06/28/88 <8 pC1/1 El-18 07/11/88 '07/28/88 <2 pC1/1 El-18Q 07/11/88 07/28/88 <3 pCi/l .

El-16 07/20/88 09/01/88- <3 pCi/1 El-18Q 07/28/88- 09/01/88 <8 pC1/1 El-18 09/01/88 09/29/88 <3 pC1/1

'31

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ __ .m

. ~_- a ~_-= - -- .. , -. ~. . m. . _ _ c, _. :

m- -

m -.,m

~

_~ =y n ^

. , . c.

m

. - ~l TABLE 6:

GROUND AND OTHER SUCSURFACE WATERS SAXTON

. 1988 RADIONUCLIDE STA?IGN COLL. DATE START COLL.~DATE'STOP ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTES C3-137 El-18Q 09/01/88 09/29/88' <7. pC1/1- .1 (Continued) El-18 09/29/88 10/27/88 <3 -pC1/1 l El-18Q 09/29/88 10/27/88 <4 pCi/1 --

El-18' 10/27/88 11/29/88 <6 pCi/1 El-18 11/29/88 '12/28/88 <5 'pCi/1 El-18Q 11/29/88 12/28/88 <3 pci/1-F9-1 03/04/88 03/04/88- <4 pCi/l BACKGROUND STATION DRY IN JUNE.

F9-2 09/22/88 09/22/88 <9 pC1/1 BACKGROUND STATION FROZEN IN DECEMBER.

G1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pC1/1 G1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <3 pC1/1 G1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <7 pci/1 G1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 pCi/l GI-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 2215 pC1/1 INFILTRATED WATER INTO THE CV PIPE TUNNEL G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88 1812 pC1/1 INFILTRATED WATER INIO THE CV PIPE l TUNNEL G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 1715 pCi/1 ' INFILTRATED WATER INTO THE CV PIPE TUNNEL-G1-6 12/14/88 12/14/88. <2415 pC1/1 INFILTRATED WATER INTO THE CV PIPE TUNNEL Co 60 Al-4 07/01/88 07/01/88 <9 pCi/1 A B1-4 06/01/88 06/27/88 <4 pC1/i NEW STATIOM ADDED ON 6/1/88 B1-4 09/22/88 09/22/88- <12 pC1/1 B1 4 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 pCi/1 Cl-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/1 Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 <9 pC1/1 32 l

\ -

= . = . . - - _ - - - . - = _ = - . = . -- --

-_. -_ _n

~

?# _: - _ ",'_ , .

~

,~

~.

'?-

%l9}6?

-TABLE 6

' GROUND'AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS-

-SAXTON

. .1988 ,

1RADIONUCLIDE STATION- COLL. DATE START COLL. DATE STOP ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTES Co 60 Is1-7 06/28/88 06/28/88 <3 pCi/1 (Continued) D1-7 01/12/88 ._01/12/88 <9 pCi/l NONROUTINE WELL SAMPLE OF RWDF DEWATERING WELL (WATER _PRESENT IN WELL) -

El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <6 pCi/1 El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88~ <4 pC1/1 El-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <10 pC1/1 El-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <6 pC1/1 E!'-7 01/01/88 01/29/88 <6 pCi/l RWDF SUMP El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88 <8 pci/l El-7 02/29/88 ~03/31/88 <5 pC1/1 El-7 03/04/88 03/04/88 <7 ~pC1/1 ,

El-7 03/31/88 .05/02/88 <6- pCi/1 El-7 05/02/88 '06/01/88 <7 pci/1 06/01/88 '06/27/88 <4 pCi/1

~

El-7 El-7 06/27/88 07/11/88 <13 pCi/l El-7 09/14/88 09/14/88 <7 pCi/l .

El-14 01/12/88 01/12/88 <7 pCi/l NONROUTINE WELL SAMPLE OF RWDF .

DEWATERING WELL.(WATER PRESENT IN WELL)-

El-14 06/28/88 06/28/88 <9 pel/l NONROUTINE'WELL SAMPLE OF RWDF.

DEWATERING WELL.(WATER PRESENT IN WELL) . .

El-15 01/12/88 01/12/88 <8 pCi/l NONROUTINE SAMPLE OF RWDF DEWATERING-WELL (WATER.PRESENT IN WELL) i 31-15 06/28/88 06/28/88 <10 pCi/1 NONROUTINE WELL SAMPLE OF RWDF DEWATERING NELL (WATER PRESL:NT IN WELL)-

El-18 07/11/88 07/28/88 <3 pC1/1 NEW STATION ADDED 7/11/88. REPLACED El-7 ' AS COMPOSITE IDCATION El-18Q 07/11/88 07/28/88 <3 pCi/l El-18 07/28/88 09/01/88 <4 pC1/1 t El-18Q 07/28/88 09/01/88 <7 pC1/1 El-18 09/01/88 09/29/88 <3 pC1/1

______._______ _ __ _ ________ ___, _ .___-______ _ -___ , ~ . _ ._ . - - , - .. - - . - . . - . - -:--.. a .- . . . . -

u 9 _

- '?

, _ p? ; .} ; . :

A, 50 '

TABLE 6 -2 GROUND AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS SAXTON'

~~

'1988 RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL, DATE START COLL. DATE STOP - ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTE {

.El-18Q 09/')1/88

~

Co 60 09/29/88~ <7 -pci/l (Continued)' El-18: 09f 29/88 10/27/88 <4 .pC1/l' El-18Q 09/29/88 10/27/88 <4 . pCL/1 El-18 10/27/88 11/29/88 <7- ' pC1/1

El-18 11/29/88 12/28/88 <7 pci/l El-18Q 11/29/88 12/28/88 <3 pC1/1 F9-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/1 ' BACKGROUND STATION, WAS DRY IN JUNE E'

! FROZEN IN DECEMBER- '

F9-1 09/22/88 ,09/22/88 <11 pCi/1 G1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <10 pCi/1 G1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <4 pC1/1 G1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <8 pCi/l G1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <7 pC1/1 G1-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 . <6 pC1/1 G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88 <5 pC1/1 i G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 <8 pC1/1 G1-6 12/14/88 12/14/88 <7 pC1/1 INFI.TRATED WATER FROM CV PIPE TUNNEL ,

Ca 134 B1-4 06/01/88 06/27/88 <4 pCi/l NONTHLY COMPOSITE OF WEEKLY GRABS B1-4 09/22/88 O!/22/88 <15 pCi/l B1-4 12/14/88 12/14/88 <12 pCi/l Cl-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <6 pCi/l Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 <8 pC1/1 D1-7 01/12/88 01/12/88 <8 pdi/l  ;

D1-7 06/28/88 06/28/88 <3 pC1/1 NONROUTINE SAMPLING OF RWDF DEWATERINu WELL (WATER PRESENT IN WELL)

El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <11 pC1/1 El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <7 pC1/1 El-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 <15 pC1/1 El-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <15 pC1/1 34 .

-M , - - - , . * , sn.%-. m.mn ummei- g g y,y, ,% --p.., ,pe,-g>*-

- + - .

g gm__ .

__ 4 ,__ 6-jii- __w_-w- c __,w ,__eg,

~ ~ ~

Q;. .~ 9 '

. . i

.s;

'., . .: ' q. ,

' TABLE 6

. GROUND AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS SAXTON 1988 COLL. DATE STOP ' ACTIVITY ERROR _UN_ITS . NOTES RADIONUCLI_D_E STATION. COLL. DATE START 01/29/88 <9. pCi/l Ca 134 -El-7 01/01/88 El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88 '<13 .pC1/1 (Continued) <8 .pC1/1 El 02/29/88 03/31/88 03/04/88- <10 pCi/1 El-7 03/04/88 05/02/88 <9 pel/l El-7 03/31/88 06/01/88 <9 pCi/l El-7 05/02/88 06/27/E8 . <8 pCi/1-El-7 06/01/88 El-7 06/27/88 07/11/88 <12 pCi/l .

09/14/88 <17 pCi/l El-7 09/14/88 pCi/1 El-14 01/12/88 01/12/88 <8

<7 'pci/1 NONROUTINE SAMPLING OF RWDF DEWATERING El-14 06/28/88 06/28/88 WELL (WATER PRESENT IN WELL) 01/12/88 <8 pC1/1

.El-15 01/12/88 pCi/l 06/28/88 <7 El-15 06/28/88 pCi/l 07/28/88 <3-El-18 07/11/88 pCi/1 07/11/88 07/28/88 <3 El-18Q pCi/1 09/01/88 <3 El-18 07/28/88 pCi/1 09/01/88 <8-El-18Q 07/28/88 pCi/l 09/29/88 <4 El-18 09/01/88 pC1/1 09/01/88 09/29/88- . <7 El-18Q pci/1 10/27/88 <4 El-18 09/29/88 <4 pCi/l El-18Q 09/29/88 10/27/88 11/29/88 <10 pCi/1.

El-18 10/27/88 pC1/1 12/28/98 <9 El-18 11/29/88 12/28/88 <3 pCi/l '

El-18 11/29/88 pCi/1

.03/04/88 <6 F9-1 03/04/88 pCi/l BACKGROUND STATION WAS DRY IN JUNE &'

09/22/03 <14 F9-1 09/22/88 FROZEN IN DECENBER 35

. 5 ,. t

~ '

.g; -

~

b. J N
q)p

,, y. .

m. .c

~

el [f; Qi

'. '. -? ..

fsh

- fj y

=.

TABLE.6 GROUND AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS' M4 SAXTON

. 11988

RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL. DATE START COLL. DATE STOP cACTIVITY ERROR . UNITS NOTES ---

Ca 134 G 1--1 03/04/88 03/04/88  :<8' pCi/1 (Continued) G1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <3 -pCi/1 ,

G1-1 09/22/88 09/22/88.. <12  : pCi/1 -'

G1-1' 12/14/88 12/14/88 <8- pCi/1- ,

G1-6 03/04/88 '03/04/88 <4 pCi/1 G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88 <3 pCi/l G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 <8 pCi/l G1-6 12/14/88 12/14/88 <10 pCi/l GROSS ALPHA B1-4 12/14/88 12/14/88 <4 pCi/1-

. Cl-2 03/04/88 03/04/88 <7 pC1/1 Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 <5 pCi/l El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <8 pCi/l El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 12 13 ~ pC1/1' ANALYSIS NOT PERFORMED FOR THE THIRD QUARTER El-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 <3 pCi/l '

El-7 01/01/88 01/29/88 <30 pC1/1 El-7Q 01/01/88 01/29/88 <4 pC1/1 El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88 <10 pCi/1 El-7Q 01/29/88 02/29/88 <4- pCi/1 El-7 02/29/88 03/31/88 <10 pC1/1 i El-7Q 02/29/88 03/31/88' <4' pCi/l i El-7 03/04/88 03/04/88 < 10 .. pC1/1 El-7 03/31/88 05/02/88- <12 pCi/l ,

El-1Q 03/31/88 05/02/88 <3 pCi/l El-7 05/02/88 06/01/88 <8 pCi/l El-7 06/01/88 -06/27/88 15 115 ~ PCi/l-El-7 09/14/88 09/14/88 <3 pCi/l El-10 02/24/88 02/24/88 7.8 16.2 pC1/1 El-18 07/11/88 '07/28/88 <3 pCi/1:

El-18Q 07/11/88 07/28/88 <6 pCi/l 36? ,

.,_ ,_ _,u. 4 _ , . a 2 .. _ . . . 2 ,- .-. ....:

nu . _ . . -. .. _. ~ , m .

"'::. ' ~ ~ ~- - ~

~

="m

~-[

j= "';9

-[ +

3

,e . z_ -

n' ~ ~

Y [l . f,;

-f ' -q W 4 e _ .;

TABLE 6-GROUND AND'OTHER' SUBSURFACE WATERS SAKTON'

, 1988 RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL. DATE START COLL. DATE STOP ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS NOTES GROSS ALPHA El-18Q 07/28/88 09/01/88 <3.43 ,pCi/1 (continued)' El-18' 07/28/88 09/01/88 20 15' pCi/1' El-18Q. 09/01/88- .09/29/88 <3.61- pci/1 El-18' 09/01/88~ .09/29/88 <5 'pCi/1 El-18Q 09/29/88 10/27/88 . <4 pci/1 El-18 09/29/88 '10/27/88 <4 pC1/1 El-18 10/27/88 11/29/88 <4 pci/1 El-18Q 10/27/88 11/29/88 2.2 12.3 pCi/1

.El-18 11/29/88 12/28/88 <4 pC1/1 El-18Q 11/29/88 12/28/88 <3.23 pCi/1' F9-1 03/04'/88 03/04/88 4.2 12.6 pC1/1 BACKGROUND STATION FROEEN IN DECENBER &

DRY IN JUNE. ANALYSIS NOT: PERFORMED IN SEPTEMBER G1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <3 pCi/1 G1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 2.4- 16 pC1/1 G1-1 12/14/188 -12/14/88 <.8 pC1/1 ANALYSIS NOT PERFORMED IN SEPTEMBER.

G1-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 <6 pC1/1 l G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88 6.7 12.4 pC1/1

! G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 1.6 11.1 pC1/1 i G1-6 12/14/88 12/14/88 <3 pCi/1 GROSS BETA B1-4 12/14/88 12/14/88 5.2 12.8 pCi/1 03/04/88 03/04/88 13 pci/1 Cl-2 '30 Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88: 22. 12 pC1/1 -

El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 2.3 il pC1/1 El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 6.9 il .pCi/1 El-1 12/14/88- 12/14/88 2.4: 11.2' pC1/1 El-7 01/01/88 01/29/88 '77 18 pC1/1 El-7Q 01/01/88 01/29/88 97 15 pC1/1 l El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88 14 1 pC1/1 l

37' l -.

-.-. - ~.- . - - , - . - -

c x

+ -: -

e- _

~

~

.~ ~ 971-;. .

-e-7

~ ' " '* ~

't-,, _

~ , , $ 46 2 5 _

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~

- . .-i.

' TABLE 61 -

GROUND'AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS e SAXTON;

  • '1988
RADIONUC1,IDE STATION COLL. DATE START - COLL. DATE STOP . ACTIVITY ERROR UNITS 380TES

' GROSS BETA El-7Q 01/29/88 02/29/88 114- -12 -pci/l (continued) El-7. 02/29/88 03/31/88- 11- 12 pci/1

'El-7Q 02/29/88 03/31/83 .17 12 -pci/1 El-7 03/04/88 ~03/04/88 14 112 pci/l El-7Q -03/31/88 05/02/88 14 12- pci/l El-7 -03/31/88 05/02/88 8. 6 - 12.3 pci/1 El-7 05/02/88~ 06/01/88 -11 12.0 .pci/1 El-7 06/01/88 06/27/88 11 12.0 _pci/1 El-7 09/14/88 09/14/88 13- 13.0 pci/1 El-18 07/11/88 07/28/88 9.8 11.6 pci/1 El-18Q 07/11/88 07/28/88 12 12 ~ pCi/1 El-18 07/28/88 09/01/88 11 14- pC1/1 El-18Q 07/28/88 09/01/88 .13.2 12 pci/1 El-18Q 09/01/88 09/29/88' 14.7 12 pci/1. ,;

El-18 09/01/88 '09/29/88 9.6 14 pci/l l El-18 09/29/88 -10/27/88 17 il pci/1 El-18Q 09/29/88 10/27/88 -17 12 pci/1 l El-18 10/27/88 11/29/88 10 15.0 pci/1 l' El-18Q 10/27/88 11/29/88 13 12 ~ pci/1 El-18 11/29/88 12/28/88 4.6 12.8 pCi/1 El-18Q -11/29/88 12/28/88 .12.5 11.9 pC1/1 F9-1 03/03/88 03/04/88 2.2 19 pC1/1 G1-1 03/04/68 03/04/88 <1.3 pci/1 G1-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 3.1 .10.9 pci/1 G1-1 12/14/88 12/14/88 1.9 15 pcl/l G1-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 33 13.0; pC1/1 G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88- 35 14.0 pci/1 38

. ,- ,. . , _ . . _ , . . ~. _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

~

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TABLE 6

~

r

' GROUND AND'OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS'.

. SAX 70N-f~ .' --1988 RADIONUCLIDE - STATION COLL. DATE START . COLL. DATE STOP: ' ACTIVITY-- ERROR: UNITS NO11tS p ,

=

' GROSS BETA G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 31s 13.0 pCi/1.'- -

(continued).. G1-6 12/14/88 12/14/88. -

' 33 13.0 , pC1/1 TRITIUM (AS B1-4 06/01/88- 06/27/88' -:170 1100 ~pCi/1 MONTHLY COMPOSITE OF WEEKLY GRABS

' TRITIATED. B1-4 09/22/88 ~ 09/22/88 . <150 JpC1/1 ~

. WATER) B1-4 12/14/88 . 12/14/88 _ <140' pCi/1 1 Cl-2 ' 03/04/88 . 03/04/88 <180 pCi/1-Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 . <180 .pCi/1^

~D1-7 01/12/88 01/12/88 <170 - pCi/1 D1-7 06/28/88 06/28/88.:. <170 pCi/l El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 - <170 pC1/1 El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <170 -pCi/1 El-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 . <150 pCi/1 El-1 12/14/88 - 12/14/88 <140. pCi/l El-7 01/01/88 01/29/88: <170 - pC1/1 El-7Q . 01/01/88 - 01/29/88  : <200 - pC1/1 El-7 01/29/88 02/29/88 <170 pC1/1 El-7 - 02/29/88 03/31/88- ~ <180 pCi/1 El-7Q '02/29/88 03/31/88 140: 180 pCi/1 El-7 03/04/88 03/04/88 <170 pCi/1 El-7 03/31/80 05/02/88 <170 pCi/1 El-7Q 03/31/88 05/02/88 . <200 pC1/1 E3-7 05/02/88 06/01/88 <170, pC1/1 El-7 06/01/88 06/27/88 - <170 pCi/l' El-7 06/27/88 - 07/11/88 <170 pCi/l El-7 09/14/88 09/14/88 <150 pCi/l 01/12/88 <170 pCi/l' El-14 01/12/88 El-14 06/28/88 06/28/88 220 1100 pCL/1

'39

'e- w r+.

g .,en-- .

y P%,-g me.gw.. g,.,g y9.ie p+ y .w p> g v'-- g g- g g ,.c -ey.g ,py -.g., ,%.g__. y s,q__ _ _ _ _ , , ,_ _ _ _ __ ___ -. ______ywp__._s w 3 . , ,

xg ^nda 7 p . 9

, z- -

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7 ;[ .-

, n

.  :- _ ~

-.:-;; . 733,

.; y

^

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TABLE 6' 1

GROUND ~AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS SAXTON-

.- -1988 g

~

RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL. DATE START- COLL'. DATE STOP.-' ACTIVITY- ERROR UNITS. 100TES ,_

s-

'01/12/88- ~ <170- pCi/1-TRITIUM (AS El-15 01/12/88 TRITIATED El-15 06/28/88 06/28/88: <170: pCi/1-07/28/88 _<170 pC1/1' WATER) El-18 C7/11/88 -

07/11/88 07/28/88- .170 1180 :pC1/1 (continued) El-18Q pC1/1 El-18 07/28/88 .09/01/88 .<190 El-18Q 07/28/88 09/01/88 240- 1120 pCi/1 09/29/88 <150 pC1/1 El-18 09/01/88  : pCi/1' El-18Q 09/01/88 09/29/88 .230 1120 El-18 09/29/88 --10/27/88 <150 pCi/l 10/27/88 .< 200 .pC1/1 El-18Q 09/29/88 pCi/1 El-18 10/27/88 11/29/88 <100 11/29/88 -<100 pC1/1 ~

El-18Q 10/27/88 pC1/1 El-18 11/29/88 12/28/88 ' <140 12/28/88 <200 pCi/l El-18Q 11/29/88 pCi/l 03/04/88 <170 F9-1 03/04/88 F9-1 09/22/88 09/22/88 -<150 pCi/l 03/04/88 <170 pCi/1 G1-1 03/04/88 pC1/1~

06/27/88 <170 G1-1 06/27/88 pCi/l' 09/22/89 <150 G1-1 09/22/89 pC1/1 12/14/88 <140 ~

G1-1 12/14/88 pCi/l G1-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 <170 06/28/88 <170 pC1/1 G1-6 06/28/88 pCi/l; G1-6 09/14/88 09/14/88 <150 12/14/88 <140 pC1/1 G1-6 12/14/88 03/31/88 .<1 PC1/1 Sr 89 El-7 01/17/88 40-

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' GROUND AND OTHER SUBSURFACE WATERS -

SAX'N)N '

. .1988.. __

RADIONUCLIDE STATION COLL. DATE START COLL.'DATE STOP ACTIVITY- $RRQR UNITS IIOTES Sr 90 Cl-2 03/04/88 '03/04/88 <0.4L pCi/1 Cl-3 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0. 3 - 'pci/1-El-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0.5- pCi/1 El-1 06/27/88 06/27/88 <0.3 pC1/1 El-7 01/17/88 . 03/31/88 <1' pCi/1' El-7 03/04/88- 03/04/88 <0.8 pC1/1, El-7 03/31/88 06/27/88 <1 pC1/1 j "

El-7 06/27/88 07/11/88 '<2 pC1/1 El-18 07/11/88 09/29/88 <0.8 pC1/1 El-18Q 07/11/88 09/29/88 <0.7- pC1/1 El-18 09/29/88 12/28/88 <0.6 pCi/1 <

El-18Q 09/29/88 12/28/88 <0.6 pCi/1 F9-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0.8 pC1/1 G1-1 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0.5 pCi/l ,

G1-1 06/27/88 '06/27/88 <0.6 pCi/1.

G1-6 03/04/88 03/04/88 <0.7 .pC1/1 G1-6 06/28/88 06/28/88 <0.3 pCi/1 41

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L.; oi RADIOLOGICAL SURVEYS Introduction

, In addition to the environmental surveys, radiological data are collected at i

~the SNEC facility; Radiological curveys are principally conducted within the Containment vessel.- The Lprimary purpose is to monitor radiological: conditions and~ assess any changes. The radiological l survey data are. reported separately in the SNEC Annual Technical Specification report.

Hiah Efficiency Air Filter Dose Rate Results A high efficiency air filter has been installed in a containment penetration near the air tight personnel hatch entry to the Containment Vessel at Saxton.

The air volume in the sealed containment Vessel expands and contracts slightly with changes in atmospheric temperature and pressure. To accommodate this change,' air is permitted to move into and out of the Containment Building through.the high efficiency filter. The filter removes any contamination from the air' leaving the containment building. A dose rate survey of the high efficiency filter.is accomplished on a quarterly. basis. The data from these surveys are presented in Table 7. These low dose rates demonstrate the lack of any. measurable build up of airborne radionuclides on the filter.

A variety of other kinds of radiological data are available for the containment vessel. These data include fixed radiation survey and smear survey results and analyses of the containment vessel sump water. These data are collected on a  ;

quarterly basis and reported annually to the USNRC in the SNEC technical specifi* cation report.

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1. -3/3/88. <.01 1, ^!

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[ 2. 6/28/88 <.01' C  :

3. 9/14/88 <.01
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.0 REFERENCES

, i 1J. ' / National Council on-Radiation Protection and_ Measurements, Report No. 93,

. " Ionizing Radiation Exposure of the Population'of the. United States,"

1987.- ,

2.- . National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Report No. 77,

" Exposures from the Uranium Series with Emphasis on Radon and Its Daughter," 1984.

3. National: Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Report No. 22,

" Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum Permissible Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and Water for occupational Exposure," (Published as National Bureau of Standards Handbook. 69. Issued June 1959, superseding Handbook 62).

'4. International Commission of Radiological Protection, Publication 2, i

" Report of Committee II on Permissible Dose for Internal Radiation" l (1959),.with 1962 supplement issued in ICRP Publication 6; Publication S, '

" Recommendations on Radiation Exposure," (1965); ICRP Publication 7 (1965), amplifying specific recommendations of Publication 9 concerning )

environmental monitoring; and ICRP Publication 26 (1977).;

[ 5. Federal' Radiation Council Report No. 1,

  • Background Material for the L Development of Radiation Protection Standards," May 13, 1960.

I' 6. National Council.on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Report No. 39,

" Basic Radiation Protection Criteria," January 1971. ,

7.' ' " Report on Drilling and Radiometric Analyses of Samples Collected at Sites of Spent Resin and Liquid Waste Tanks, SNEC Facility, Saxton, PA" by A. W.

Rose and W. A. Jester, page 48.

8. " Geologic, Chemical, Radiometric and Geotechnical Studies of Samples from Eleven Drillholes in Surficial Materials, Saxton Nuclear Facility, Saxton, Pennsylvania" by A. W. Rose, W. A. Jester, D. J.*Greeman, and B. C. Ford,. '

pages-78-79.

i

9. Whicker, F. Ward and Schultz, Vincent, Radioecoloovt Nuclear Enerov and the Environment - Volume I. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, 1982, P ., .8 4.
10. K]ement, Alfred W. CRC Handbook of Environmental Radiation. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, 1982, pp. 55 and 56.
11. Handbook of Radioactivity Measurements Procedures, NCRP Report No. 58, Second Edition, p. 251, 1985.

44

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REFERENCES

12. Klement, as previously cited p. 54. ,
13. ' Whicker. and Schultz, p.150.
14. . Eisenbud, Merril, Environmental Radioactivity, 3rd Edition,' Academic

' Press, 1987., p. 332.

15. EnvironmentalL Measurements Laboratory of the U.S.D.O.E. , A Comoendium of the Environmental Measurements Laboratory's Research'Proiects Related to the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, 1986.
16. Coughtrey, P.'J.~ and Thorne, M. C., Radionuclide Distribution in Terrestrial and Acuatic Ecosys h . A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam,.The Netherlands, 1982, Volume 1.
17. NCRP 62 Iritium'in the Environment Recommendations of the National Council on. Radiation Protection and Measurements. ,

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