ML19350C485

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Environ Radiological Monitoring Rept,1980.
ML19350C485
Person / Time
Site: Brunswick  Duke Energy icon.png
Issue date: 03/25/1981
From: Denise Edwards, Warriner G
CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO.
To:
Shared Package
ML19350C484 List:
References
NUDOCS 8104030380
Download: ML19350C485 (62)
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Text

_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ .

t O

%_ Shearon Harris Energy & Environmental Center Carolina Power & LighY Company

/

New Hill, North Carolina t

ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONIMRING REPORT FOR L BRUNSWICK STEAM ELEC'71C PLANT i

3ANUARY 1,'1980, THROUGH DECEMBER 31,1980 p

Prepared By: Approved By:

M .

Don H. Edwards George H. Warriner Senior Specialist - Environmental Principal Specialist - Environmental 1

March 25,1981

) .-

A

810.'4 0 3 03TO.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 IN TRO DU CTIO N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1.1 Plant and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 1.2 Environmental Monitoring Program . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.0 PROGRAM

SUMMARY

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.0 INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . 28 3.1 Air Sampies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

- 3.2 Milk Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 I

3.3 Vegetation ...................42 3.4 Surf ace Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.5 Fish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3.6 . Shrimp, Oysters, Benthos, and Zooplankton . . . . . . 48 3.7 Soil (Beach Sand), Bottom Sediment, Aquatic Vegetation, and Groundwater . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.8 . External Radiation Dose . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3.9 Special Environmental Studies . . . . . . . . . . . 51 4.0 MISSED SAMPLES AND ANALYSES . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.1 Air Cartridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.2 Air Particulate . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . 52 0

4.3 Aquatic V egetation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

' 4.4 Fodder and Feed '. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.5 M il k . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . .

. . . . 52 4.'6 TL Ds . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . - . . . .

53 i

v. , r+- -,, + y

4 4

s.

TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) page 5.0 - ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.1 Gross Beta ...................53 5.2 Trit ium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.3 Iodine-131 ...................54 5.4 - Strontium-89, 90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.5 Gamma Spectrometry Ge-(Li) . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.6 Thermoluminescent Dosimetry . . . . . . . . . . . 57 t

12 T

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4 11-

. . ~ . ~ . . ,... . . . . _ . ...., ._, _, . , . . , . . . . _ . . , _ , , _ . ,

LIST OF TABLES

/

Table Page 1-1 Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program -

Brunsiwck Steam Electric Plant. . . .... ....... 3 2-1 Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program Summary . 15 3-1 Gross Beta Air Particulate Six-Month Averages for Comparison of Preoperational Data to 1979. . . . . . . . 30 3-2 Summary of Average Concentration and Frequency of Detection for Radionuclides in Quarterly Composite Gamma Scans for Air Particulate Filters . . . . . . . . . 31 3-3 Maximum Inhalation Exposure From Environmental Air Particulate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3-4 Summary of Average Concentration and Frequency of Detection for Radionuclides in Quarterly Composite Gamma Scans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3-5 Detrctable I-131 in Charcoal Cartridges . . . . . . . . . 40 3-6 Summary of Detectable Radionuclides for 1980 in Terrestrial Vegetatica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3-7 Summary of Fission Products Detected for the Month of December 1980 Fodder Samples . . . . . . . . . 45 3-8 Detectable Radionuclides in 1980 Bottom Sedimen t Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5-1 Typical Minimum Detectable Concentration Ge-(Li)

Gamma Spectrometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 6

i 111

LIST OF FIGURES Figure M

.1.1 Location of Radiological Environmental Monitoring S t atio ns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.2 Location of Radiological Environmental Monitoring S ta tion s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3 Sketr.h Map of Landfill Area Showing Locations of Monitor Well Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1.4 Detail Section Monitor Well Site . .. . . ... . . . . . 11 3.1 Plot of Sample Station 02 Activity Versus Date and Centrol Station Activity Versus Date. . ... . .. . 34 3.2 Plot of Sample Station 05 Activity Versus Date and Control Station Activity Versus Date. . . . . . . . . 35 3.3 Plot of Sample Station 18 Activity Versus Date and Control Station Activity versus Date. . . . . . . . . 36 3.4 Plot of Sample Station 23 Activity Versus Date and Control Station Activity Versus Date. . . . . . . . . 37 3.5 Plot of Sample Station 24 Activity versus Date

. 38 and Control Station Activity Versus Date. . .. . .. ..

3.6 - Plat of Sample Station 45 Activity Versus Date and Control Station Activity Versus Date. . . . . . . . . 39 3.7 . History of Cs-137 in Milk - Station 35 . . . . . . . . . . 43 9

I iv

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The following report summarizes the Environmental Radiological Monitoring conducted for the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant during the calendar year 1980. This is the fourth year in which the program's sample analyses and data interpretation have been entirely performed by Carolina Power & Light Company.

1.1 PLANT AND LOCATION The Brunswick Steam Electric Plant (BSEP) includes two units, both boiling water reactors, which are designed to generate a total of - 1,642 MW (net). Unit 2 first achieved criticality on March 21, 1975, and went into commercial production on November 3,1975. Unit 1-achieved criticality on November 22, a

1976, and went into commercial production on March 13.1977.

The BSEP is located in the southeastern corner of North Carolina, in Brunswick County, approximately 2.5 miles north of Southport. This location is near the mouth of the Cne Fear

- River, which is a source of condenser cooler water. An intake canal extends approximately three miles east of the plant to the Cape Fear River, and the discharge canal proceeds southwest and south for approximately six miles to the@ lantic Ocean.

The discharge canal passes under the Intercoastal Waterway by

. inverted siphon, proceeds to a pumping basin at the shoreline,

  • 'and is carried out into the ocean by a 2,000-ft. pipeline.

Elevation of the plant areas ranges from sea level to 30 ft. (MSL) .

w and extensive swamps and carshes occur in the area.' Beaches, .

within 20 miles of the plant, are a ' source of recreation, and 1

y

fishing and boating are popular. Within 50 miles of the plant, less than half the land is used for agriculture with small truck, dairy, and poultry farms, along with crops including corn, soybeans, and tobacco. Most of the industrial activity is in the Wilmington area (appro. imately 16 miles north of BSEP). Sunny Point Army Terminal is located approximately 4.5 miles north of the BSEP and primarily transfers munitions, received by truck and rail, to ships. Pfizer Chemical Company is located 1.5 miles 3 southeast of BSEP and are manufacturers of citric acid. They employ approximately 250-300 people. A ship channel in the Cape Fear River allows traffic to Wilmington, and the Atlantic Intercoastal Waterway intercepts the ship channel at Southport.

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FROGRAM The significant elements of the preoperational dose estimates were used to establish both the preoperational and operational surveillance programs. The program that evolved during pre-operational surveillance and was incorporated into the Brunswick Environmental Technical Specifications is detailed in Table 1-1.

Figures 1.1 and 1.2 show the environmental monitoring locations.

Figures 1.3 and 1.4 relate to environmental monitoring require-ments that were commitments to the state of North Carolina in assessing the effect of an unplanned transfer of radioactivity to

'the Southport Landfill. The environmental monitoring program

(

-associated with these locations is a special program of limited d

duration and is not a part of the environmental surveillance designed to support the Brunswick Environmental Technical Specifications (Appendix B).

2

y - -

r

. TABLE 1-1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM BRUNSWICK STEMt ELECTRIC PLANT

-Sample Sampling ~ Sample Sample Type Sampling Point and Description Frequency Size Analysis Air 2-Information Center Weekly 300 cu. m. Iodine Cartridge 5-Caswell Beach at Pump Station (AC) 18-Southport near CPsL Substation 22-Sutton Plant

  • 23-Projected Mayimum Annual Concentratio.1 Point - NE 24-CP&L Substation on Construction Access Asad

,g 45-On' Site Air.' 2-Information Center Weekly 300 cu. m. Weekly-Gross Het a Particulate 5-Caswell Beach at Pump Station Quarterly Composite-

.(AP) 18-Southport near CP&L Substation Camma and Sr-89,90 22-Sutton

  • 23-Projected Maximum Annual Concentra-tion Point - NE 24-CP&L Substation on Construction Access Road 45-On Site Aquatic' 29-Ocean - 0.5 Mile East of Semiannual 500 grams Camma and Sr-89.90 Vegeta- Discharge Outfall tion 30-Ocean near Discharge Outfall (AV) 31-Ocean - 0.5 mile West of Discharge Outfall 42-Lower Cape Fear River Away from Plant Discharge *
  • Control Station

TABLE l-1 (cont'd) ,

Sample .

LSampling Sample Sample Type Sampling Point and Description Frequency Size Analysis Benthic 29-Ocean - 0.5 mile East of Semiannual 500 grams Camma'and Sr-89, 90 Organism Discharge Outfall

-(BO) 30-Ocean near Discharge Outfall 31-Ocean - 0.5 mile West of Discharge Outfall 42-Lower Cape Fear River away from Plant Discharge *

. Bottom 13-River. Road at Intake Canal

  • Semiannual 500 grams Gamma and Sr-89,90 Sediment 29-Ocean - 0.5 mile East of d' (CD) Discharge Outfall 30-Ocean near Discharge Outfall Ocean - 0.5 mile West of Discharge Outfall 33-Discharge Canal at Stilling Pond 34-Discharge Canal near the Plant Fish Ocean near Discharge Outfall Quarterly 500 grams Gamma (FH) 43-Discharge Canal Fodder and 35-Stevens Farm Monthly 500 grams Camma Feed 36-Lewis Farm (during (FO) 37-Johnson Farm
  • growing season)

Food Crop 41-Highway 211 - 3.25 mile East Three per 500 grams Gamma (FC) of Highway 133 growing 47-Site Varies

  • season
  • Control Station

s ,

TABLE l-1 (cont'd)

Sample Samplir.g Sample Sample

-Type Sampling Point 'and Description Frequency Size Analysis Cround '-Caswell Beach at Pump Station Quarterly 4 liters Camma and Tritium Water 2 -Southport*

(GW) 20-Highway 87.- West Side of Discharge Canal 27-Highway 211 - West Side of Discharge Canal 28-BSEP - On Site - Well #1 35-Stevei.s Farm 53-69 Brunswick County La7dfill** Quarterly 4 Ifters Camma Milk 35-Stevens Farm Weekly 8 Ifters Weekly--Todine q, (MK) . 36-Lewis Farm Monthly Composite -

37-Johnson Farm

  • Gam.aa and Sr-89,90 Oyster- 44-Lower Cape Fear River Semiannual 500 grams Gamma (0Y)

-Shrimp 46-Ocean near Discharge Semiannual 500 grams Gamma and Sr-89,90

-(SH)

Soil 2-Information Center .

Every Three 500 grams Gamma and Sr-89,90 (SS) 10-State Road 1525 at RR Crossing Years 18-Southport near.CP&L Substation 22-Sutton Plant 23-Projected Maximum Annual Concen-tration Point - NE 24-CP&L Substation on Construction Access Road

  • Control Station

TABLE l-1 (cont'd)

Sample Sampling Sample Sample Type Sampling Point and Description Frequency Size Analysis Soil '27-liighway 211 '-- West Side of Every Three 500 grams Gamma and Sr-89, 90 (SS) Discharge Canal Years cont. 35-Stevens Farm 36-Lewis Farm

'37-Johnson Farm

  • 41-Highway 211 - 0.25 mile East of Illghway 133 38-Caswell Beach - 0.5 mile East Semiannual 500 grams Camma and Sr-89, 90 of Discharge Pipe 39-Caswell Beach at Discharge Pipe 40-Caswell Beach - 0.5 mile West of Discharge Pipe Surface 29-Ocean - 0.5 mile East of Monthly 4 liters Monthly - Gross Beta, Water Discharge Outfall Tritium and Gamma (SW). 30-Ocean near Discharge Outfall Quarterly Composite-31-Ocean - 0.5 mile West of Sr-89, 90 Discharge Outfall 32-Discharge Canal 48-Intake Canal
  • Terres- 2-Information Center Quarterly 500 grams Gamma trial 13-River Road at Intake Canal Vegeta- 27-liighway 211 - West. side of tion Discharge Canal (TV) ' 37-Johnson Farm
  • l External 1-Junction of liighways 87 and 211 Quarterly Not Applicable TLD Readout Radiation 2-Information Center (TL) 3-Junction of liighways 211 and 133 4-Standard Products Access Road Off Highway 133 near Intercoastal Waterway
  • Control Station

TABLE l-1 (cont'd)

Sample-- ,

Sampling Sample Sample

' Type SamplinR Point and Description Frequency Size Analysis External 5-Caswell Beach at Pump Station Quarterly Not TLD Readout Radiation 6-Sunny Point Access Road and RR Applicable (TL)- Crossing cont. 7-Entrance to Old Brunswick Town 8-Highway 87 at Boiling Springs Lake 9-Exclusion Boundary, Dirt Road which intersects Highways 87 and 133 10-State Road 1525 at RR Crossing Il-Eastern End of State Road 1525 12-Exclusion Boundary on Construction i

. Access Road N 13-River Road ac Intake Canal 14-River Road Opposite I.D. Smith Residence 15-River Road and State Road 1534 16-River Road and Site of Old Brown &

Root Constrention Office 17-Southport - fort Fisher Ferry Slip 18-Southport near CP&L Substatica 19-Fort Fisher Ferry Slip 20-Kure Beach - Across from AFB Housing 21-Carolina Beach 22-Sutton Plant

  • 23-Projected Maximum Annual Concentration Point - Nd Zooplankton 29-Ocean - 0.5 mile East of Discharge Semiannual 10 grams Gamma and Sr-89,90 (ZO) Outfall 30-Ocean r. ear Discharge Outfall 31-Ocean . 0.3 mile West of Discharge i

Outfall 42-Lower Cape Fear River Away from Plant Discharge *

  • Control Station

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Following is a tabulation of the specific methods used in monitoring the various pathways of exposure to man.

t Gaseous Effluent Path Submersion Dose and Thermoluminescent Dosimetry other External Dose Area Monitors Vegetation Path vegetation Samples Soll Samples Air Samples Milk Path Milk Samples vegetation and Cattle Feed Samples Air Samples inhalation Path Air Samples Liquid Effluent Path Fish and Sheilfish Path Water Samples Bottom Sediment Samples Aquatic Vegetation Samples Zooplankton Samples ,

Benthic Organisms Fish Samples Oyster Samples Shrimp Samples Water and Shoreline Exposure Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Area Monitors Water Samples Bottom Sediment Samples Soll and Beach Sand Drinking Water Path Groundwater Samples 2.0 PROGRAM

SUMMARY

The purposes of the Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program are:

- To measure any accumulation of radioactivity in the environ-ment and to assess whether this radioactivity is the result of the operation of the Brunswick Plant.

12

- To provide an evaluation of the environmental impact of operating releases of radioactive materials from the Brunswick Plant.

- To compare population doses from environmental sample data with corresponding doses predicted in the Final Environmental Statement.

The Brunswick Plant's preoperauonal radiological monitoring was conducted from July 24,1972, until plant start-up in March 1975, and data therefrom were reported to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in June 1975.

The following locations are designated as the Control Locations for the respective measurements and are intended to indicate conditions away from Brunswick Plant influence:

L. V. SUTTON PLANT - 23 Mi. NNE (Sample Station 22)

Thermoluminescent Dosimetry Area Monitors Air Particulate Camples Charcoal Cartridge Samples - Airborne I-131 INTAKE CANAL (Sample Scations 48 and 13)

Surface Water Samples (48) at Plant Bottom Sediment Samples (13) at River Road SOUTHPOt1T W ATER SUPPLY (Sample Station 25)-

Groundwater Samples 13

JOHNSON FARM - 14.5 Mi. NNW (Sample Station 37)

Terrestrial vegetation Samples Cattle Fodder and Feed Samples Soil Samples Milk Samples V ARIABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM PLANT (Sample Station / 52)

Plankton Samples Benthos Samples Aquatic Vegetation Samples

. .iRIABLE LOCATION AWAY FROM PLANT (Sample Station 47)

Food Crop Samples No control locations are designated for shrimp, oysters, or fish.

Table 2-1 summarizes the results of the environmental radio-logical monitoring program for calendar year of 1980.

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TABLE 2-1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM SU MARY Brunswick Steam Electric Plant ikxtet Numbers 324 and 325 Brunswick County, North Carolina Calendar Year 1980 Medium or Fathuay Type & Minimus All Indicator location u/ Highest Annual Mean Control locattuns i of Non-Sampled or Measured Total f of Detectable locations (2) Name Nan Mean routine (Unit of Measure- Heasurements Activity Mean Distance &. Range (2) Range (2) Beported ment) Performed. (MDA) (1) Range Direction Measure-ments (1 Air Particulate Cammia (pCl/m ) 28 Projected M 4.

Annual Conc.

m-54' l.29 E-3 b.30 E-3 (4/24) Point NE 6.80 E-3 (2/4) A!! less than MDA 0 2.15 E 9.57 E-3 0.6 mi. NE 4.02 E 9.57 E-3 Co-60 3.00 E-3 5.17 E-3 (3/24) on Site 6.24 E-3 (2/4) All less than MDA 0 2.97 E 9.50 E-3 0.07 al. NNW 2.97 E 9,50 E-3 5 Southport near Hb-95 2.00 E-3 1.47 E-2 (3/24) CP&L Substation 2.16 E-2 (1/4) 8.28 E-3 (1/4) 0 1.01 E 2.16 E-2 2.3 ul. SW (mingle value) (single value)

Zr-95 6.00 E-3 1.39 E-2 (3/24) Informattun Center 1.49 E-2 (1/4) 7.94 1.-3 (1/4) 0 1.26 E 1.49 E-2 1.0 mi. SW (single value) (single value)

Ru-103 3.00 E-3 L.26 E-2 (5/24) On Site 1.88 E-2 (1/4) 1.09 E-2 (1/4) 0 4.24 E 1.88 E-2 0.07 mi. NNW (single value) (single value)

I

TAtlE 2-1 ENVikOMPtENTAL BADIO!Ak;ICAl. HONITOtt!NG F80s; RAM Stil9tARY Brunswick Steam Electsic Plant Duc k et Nimibess 324 and 125 Brunswicit Count y Month Carolina Calen.lar Year 1980 Nedlue or rathway l Type & Hintonne All . Indicat or 14wat ton w/Highant Asmuel Haan 04mt rol 14ecat isms ~ [ of Non-Sampled or Measured Total # of Detectable ince t t or,s (2) Name Heen Heau suuttne (Untt of Measure- Heasuremente Activity. Mean Dlatance & Itange (2) Range (2) Regmated ment) Farfoimed (HDA) (1) RanAs Disoctton Henness e-mente__QL

~

Air Particulate Casman (pC1/m )' 28 rrojected Ham.

Asmuel Conc.

Co-114 '1.00 E-1 19.91 E-3 (1/24) Point HE 1.88 E-2 (1/4) All less titan HUA 1 t.08 E.) - 1.88 E-2 0.6 ml. NE (single value) rrojected H.sm.

Annual Camc.

Co-117 1.30 E-1 4.t:1 E-3 (9/24) Point NE 1.62 F.-2 (2/4) All lean than HDA I t*e ' l.10 E 2.68 E-2 0.6 ml. NE 5.59 E 2.68 E-2 Co-141 1 8'a ;2 1.46 E-2 (6/24) On Site 1.80 E-2 (1/4) 1.41 E-2 (1/4) 0 4.12 E 1.80 E-2 0.01 al. NNW (single value) (elngle value)

A gust ic Vegetation St-89 1.60 E-1 All less than HDA All less than HDA All less t han HDA 0 (pCl/ gram dry) '1

- )

a d 1

aee(

Cst r t r us 0 0 0 0 0 0 f t ost oups n oee e f sRHm s

n A A A A A A o D D D D D D i ) H H H H H H t 2 a ( n n n n n n c a a a a a a e e h h h h t h

t ng t t t t it t -

an l ea s s s s s s oMR s s s s s s r e e e e e e t l l l l l l n

o l l l 1 l l 5 C l l l 1 l l 2 A A A '. A A 3

d n

a 4

2 3 )

- n 2 0 a (

50 e 8 M e 9 ng 1 l an Y s a ea R rr u MR A e, ea n n

M D

l mY A U u S N r t a s M td e A e n h A A A A A A R k e g D D D D D D G cl H H H H H H O oa iH R DC / n n n n n n P w & a a a a a a n h h h h h h C n eo t t t t t t N o ci I i nt s s s s s s R t ac s s s s s s O a et e e e e e e e T c msr l l l l l l 1

I N l oaiiNDD l l l l l l 2 O l l l l l l M A A A A A A E.

t I.

B A A C T I C A A A A A A D D D D h

t n

M e l H H H H o r) n n n l a o2 n n n D n t( a a a a a a A ti a h h h h l i

h R nl cs t t t t t t ao i n e l

l r d ong s s s s s s A P a nian s s s n s s T C I t ea e e e e e e N c aMR l l l l l l E i h l c 4 l l l Al o rt l l l l R

G t r l l l l l l O co A A A A A A R eN I l V E ,

N y E mt an e eu l y) 1 1 2 1 t o mb t1 - - -

SC uai( E E E E mt v kk i ci) 1 0 0 0 c c netA 8 A 0 1 A 0 ii i t cD / /

ww ss MeAH D (

1 N 1 4 N 5 nn uu r r BB s

f t I }

ond

& ee 0 9 0 9 i mm 9 I 8 9 ( 8 e er - 1 a - 8 - 8 a 8 r

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d e m yr - s t aue ) i ) n )

e t s r y n y e y h au r a r m r t ee J g d i d aMm n r d e

P e o m o m m rH i a a S a ro f ct r c r r g

o ia g i g m d o t t / h / o /

me ) ae 1 t 1 t 1 C

ul t t ug C n C t p

ipi n qe p e p o d mne AV ( B ( B (

eaUm MS(

ec'

TAst.E 2-1 ENVIR00RIENTAL RADIGIDCICAL MONITORING FROGRAM SUl9tARY Brunswick Steam Electric Plant Ducket Numbers 324 and 325 prurswick County, Morth Carolina Calendar Year 1980 Medium or Pathway Type & Minimum- All Indicator location w/Miahest Annual Mean Control locations # of Non-

' Sampled or Measured Total # of Detectable lacrtions (2) Maee Mean Mean routine (Unit of Measure - Measurements Activity Mean Dir.sance & Range (2) Range (2) Reported mant) Performed (MDA) (1). Range Direction Measure-ments (3)

. Bottom Sediment Sr-90 5.00 E-1 All fess than MDA All less than MDA All less than HDA 0 (pC1/gresa dry) 12 ca.ma(13) 12 Discharge Canal Mn-54 2.30 E-2 2.28 E-2 (1/10) at Stilling rond 2.28 E-2 (1/2) All less than HDA 0 (single value) 4.9 mi. SSW (single value)

U Discharge Canal Co-60 3.00 E-2 4.64 E-2 (1/10) at Stilling Pond 4.64 E-2 (1/2) All less than MDA 0 (single value) 4.9 al. SSW (single value) i Ocean - 0.5 mi.

West of Discharge Cs-134 2.60 E-2 6.23 E-2 (1/10) Outfall 6.23 E-2 (1/2) .111 less than HDA 0 t

(single value) 5.7 mi. SSW (single value)

Ocean - 0.5 mi.

West of Discharge co .17 2.80 E-2 7.01 E-2 (2/10) Outfall 1.13 E-1 (1/2) All less than MDA 0 2.71 E 1.13 E-1 5.7 et. SSW (single value) i t-I

- )

n d 3 eee(r knt i r f t o,t us_ 0 o 0 0 0 or pan oe e e f sRM m 1

s -

n A A E o D )

i ) ) M G P ) 0 t 2 2 ) 2 a ( 9 1 e n n 1 c / u a a /

o l ng e 1 l h s 3

1 l ( a t it ( -

an o v l ea rMR r 1 s s I l t - e s s - -

t n E l e e E '

t o g l l n C 2 n 7 o 4 i l l 8 .

5 C s l l 2

3 W 3 ( A A 1 d

n 1 4

a _ I } E 2 ( 'I ( 0 3 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 3

- n 2 4 e 9 e 9 e 9 0 a ( / u / u / u / 3 50 e 1 l 1 l 1 l 8 8 M ng e ( a ( a ( a ( -

- 9 l nn v v v 1 2 1 1 1 2 Y s a e a' - e - e - e - -

R rr u PR E l E l E l E E A ea n g g g t

9 b e n 2 n 8 n 2 n 3 0 9 mY A 5 i 9 i 2 i 5 7 t

e u s s s S l r t 7 ( 3 ( 2 ( 1 4 e s M td e A en h A R k e it D G cl l M O H R

P NCa /

u &

a n n a

n a a a m G n ,eo C W h r r r N o e S t a F a E a E I i ci nt g W s F S F S F S R t ac r . s n . s . s .

( a et e a i e a i n t n i T c msr h m l e m e m e m 1 I o aii c v v v

- N l MDD s 5 l e 6 e 6 e 6 2 O i l t t t M D 1 A S 0 S 0 S 0 E

L L B A A C T l 1  ! 1 C. - - -

I A E E E l

p r) s )

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A tnii. a / u a / 3 / 2 4 3 B cs 1 l h 2 2 1 ao i n e ( a t ( - ( - ( -

L l r d ong v A P a nian 2 s 1 1 1 1 1 2 T C I t ea - e s - - - - - -

N c aHR E l e E E E E E E E ih l c g l t

S rt l o 2 n 2 5  ! 9 4 0 t r Al 5 9 8 R

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'A w:E I 21 s

TARLE 2-1 ENVIRONMEBrTAL RADIOIIICICAL MLHilTORING FROCRAM SUWARY Brunswick Steam Electric Plant. Docket aumbers 324 and 325 Brunswick County, North Carolina Calendar Year 1980

~

Medium or Fathway Type & Minimum All Indicator locatign w/Hiahest Annual Mean Control Incatione I of Non-Sampled or Measured Total f of Detectable locations (2) Name Mean Mean routine (Unit of Measure- Measurements Activity Mean Distance & Range (2) Range (2) Reported ment) Performed (MDA) (1) Range Direction Measure-

ments (3)

Milk '2-131 2.00 E-1 1.31 E+0 (18/96) Stevens Farm 2.07 E+0 (10/46)I } 4.23 E-1 (8/52) 2 (pC1/1) 150 a.50 E 4.44 Et0 0.6 mi. SE 4.54 E 4.44 E+0 1.37 E 1.04 E40 Sr-89 3.50 E+0 All less than lea - All less than HDA 4.93 E40 (2/12) 0 II 35 3.00 E40 - 6.85 E40 Sr-90 2.00 Et0 4.27 Ef0 (19/23) 1.ewis Fara 4.85 E+0 (10/12) 3.29 Et0 (10/12) 0 35I '} 1.51 Et0 - 9.88 E+0 13.0 mi. NNW 1.51 E10 - 9.88 E+0 1.51 Eto - 8.16 E40 0 _

g (13) 35I '}

Co-60 8.00 E+0 1.37 E+1 (1/23) Stevens Farm 1.37 E+1 (1/11) All less than MDA 0 (single value) 0.6 mi. SE (single value)

Ca-137, 9.00 Et0 2.47 E+1 (22/23) Stevens Farr. 3.37 E+1 (11/11)I'} 8.13 Et0 (6/12) 0 8.05 Eso - 5.17 E+1 0.6 p'.. SE 1.37 Ett - 5.17 E+1 5.09 E40 - 1.19 Ett Oyster Camma N/A All less than HDA All less than MDA No Contro! 0 (pci/ gram dry) 2

4 a

v d 1 - .

Ent e e er O_ - .

i r u8 O 0 0 O l I _ 4 _

f t oe) oupm" - _ _

is oee" RH o .

n . .

i o

) ._

t 2 .

a (

r

. eg i

la i l l l t l l mn o o o n o o l ea r r r e r r oHR t t t t t t s n n n n n n t o o o o o o n C C C C C C o

5 C o o o o o o 2 N N N N N N 3

d n

a

) )

4 2 e 2

1 )

/ u 1 l

- n 2 ( a 0 a ( v 50 e 2 8 H ng e - e

- 9 E l 1 l an g Y e a ea 2 n R r r e HR 8 i A ea n n t9 b e n 1 (

aY A t4 S hra t s

e g

M td e r A en h A a A A A A R

G k e cl ja D H

h c

D H

D H

D H

D H

O oa H s R DC / n i n n n t P w & a D a a a a n h W h h h h n eo t r S t t t t ol o ci a S l i nt s e m s e s

  • t ac s Nl . o s s s t a et e e l l o e o e T

I c mar al i l nam l l l l 1 o af

- N l NDD l et7 l l l l 2 O l c u l l l l H A OO5 A A A A E.

l 1 B A A C T I G

D M A M A A t D D U o r) H I

H I

H H H i a o2 ) )

D n t ( n 2 e n n n n A t i a a / u a a a a R nl cs h 1 l h h h h ao i n e t ( a t t t t L

A l r d ong v Pa nian s 2 s s n s T C I t ea s - e s s e s N. c aHR e E l e e e e t ih l c l g l l l l H rt l o 2 n N t r Al l 8 i l l l l O s l t

i t

l cW e

l A 1 ( A l

A l

A l

A V E ,

N y E mt an e eu l y)  ! 2 1 1 t o mb t1 - - - -

SC uai( E E E E

  • mt v kk ici) 0 0 0 0 c c netA I 1 0 A 0 0 A i i ww ss iHeAHD t cI

(

1 5

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( a0 m

6 S S n S 6 S 6 m Tt nr a o oae C C T eP M

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) )

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0

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l e r

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t l

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t u s s S N r t 5 2 1 ( 7 (

a s M td e e A en h l A A A l g

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( ua H f n

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G n eo r S t t t S 0D S N o ci aeS aeS eg I i nt eg s s s R t ac Nr . s s s Hr . - fl .

D u et e at e e e at ol t T c msr nh m l l l nh m n a a 1 I aii o NDD ac ac atf est 7

- N l es7 l l l es7 2 O ci l l l ci c eu M OD5 A A A OD5 OWO 5 E.

t L B A A C i

T I 2 t a G + t E E t

D E A A A I ) D D D G r) 8 9 M M M ) 9 ) 4 I a o2 4 7 8 2 8 5 D n t( / n n n 4 4 A ti a 8 7 a a a / 1 / 7 R sl cs 4 h h h 2

( (

3 ao i n e ( - t t t - -

L l r d ong A P a nian 2 1 s s s

s s

1

+

o o 0 T C I t ea t t s t t t N c aMR E E e e . e E E E E E ih l c l l l 9 6 1 1 5 4 m

0 rt t r l

Al o 8 5 l l l 1 2 1 5 0 co l l l 6

R eN 3 9 A A A 1 9 3 I l V E ,

M y F mt an e O eu l y) 2 0 0 2 0 t S t o mb t1 t 4 4 t E E SC uai( E E E E mt v 0 0 kk i ci) 3 0 0 0 cc netA 2 - 0 0 5 0 , 0 ii i t cD ww ss MeAM (

D 1 5 5 3 8 8 n

n n i u r r BB s' )

..f t a 3 ond t m

& ee e 9 0 u 1 0 7 e

f mm' er B

0 8

- 0 9

- 0 i

t 0

(

, 0 6

3 1

pl r o s 6 r 2 r 2 i 6 o -

yauf s~ S S r C s Tt sr oae TeP C o

r T

%6 C M

d yr -

e aue wsr' r h ate e t es t-aM a a P e W rM ro e )

o f c 1 d o a /

me ) f 1 ul tt r C i pi n u p d mne' S (

eau m MS(

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M i

Ii

TABt.E 2-1 ENVIR0000 ENTAL RADIOLDGICAL MONITORING PROCRAM Sl49tARY Brunswick Steam Electric Plant Docket Emmbers 324 and 325 Brunswick County, North Carolina Calender Year 1980 Medium or Pathway- Type & Minimum All Indicator location w/ Highest Annual Hean Control locations I of Non-Sampled or Measured Total f of Detectable tacations (2) Name Mean Mean soutine (Unit of Hessere- Hessurements Activity Mean Distance & Range (2) Range (2) Reported ment) Performed (HDA) (1) Range 'Directton Hess ure-ment n (3)

Terrestrial gg3)

Vegetation Caissa (pC1/ gram dry) 16 Highway 211 - West Side of Discharge mi-54 6.50 E-2 9.55 E-2 (4/12) Canal 1.11 E-1 (2/4) All less than MDA 0 6.65 E 1.55 E-1 1.5 mi. WSW 6.65 E 1.55 E-1 Co-58 6.00 E-2 3.44 e 2 (1/12) Information Center 3.44 E-2 (1/4) All less than HDA 0 (single value) 1.0 mi. SW (single value)

Co-60 6.00 E-2 6.40 E-2 (7/12) Information Center 7.98 E-2 (3/4) 4.68 E-2 (1/4) 0

, 4.74 E-2 1.37 E-1 1.0 mi. SW 5.50 E 1.02 E-1 (single value)

Highway 211 - West SiJe of Discharge Cs-134 6.00 r,-2 5.01 E-2 (2/12) Canal 6.00 E-2 (1/4) All less t han HD' o 4.02 E 6.00 E-2 1.5 at. WSW (single value)

River Road at Cs-137 6.0()E-2 1.33 E-1 (11/12) Intake Canal 2.10 E-1 (4/4) 1.28 E40 (4/4) o 4.68 E 2.79 E-1 1.3 mi. ENE 4.68 E 2.79 E-1 7.3% E 3*;J M

)

C

- )

a d - 3 aeee(

N nt r i rus 0 0 0 O f t ost oupan oeei

  1. rRMm 1

s -

n E A A o D 1 1

i ) 0 H M t 2 ) 7 ) )

a ( 4 n n 2 e c

e

/ 8 a a / u o

l ng 4 h h 1 l

( - t t ( a an v l ea l  ! s s 1 oMR - - s s - e r E E e e E l t l l g n 8 0 8 n o 1 0 l - l 6 i 5 C l l s 2

3 8 8 A _

A 5 (

d n

a 4

0

+

2 E 3 ) ) ) )

- n 2 4 2 2 e 0 a ( / / u 50 e 4 1 1 l 8 M ng e ( ( a 9

l en - v Y s 1

a ea 0 0 R rr u MR t 0 + e E

  • E l A ea n E g m b e n 1 5 n e mY A 1 0 0 i t u s S Nr t 1 1 3 (

e s M td e A en h A A l R k e t D D l G cl H H a O oa iN . f R DC /

x n n t P w & a . a a n Mc h h ei G

N n

o eo n E t t r s t s

ci do N aaS I

R i

t nt ac eCE t N .

s s

s s

ee Nr .

O a e: e cl i e e a T c m6 r eat m l l n.lt a 1

I N l aii o NDD j un oni 6 l l ac ee7 2 O rno l l ci M PAP 0 A A On5 E

L L B A A C '

T I o

G 0 t D

I

(

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+

E A

)

. A D

E O r) 6 M H 5 I a o2 ' 8 2 ) 0 D n t( / n n 6 A ti a 6 1 a a / 3 R nl cs 8 h h 2 ao i n e ( - t t ( -

L l r d ong A P a nian 1 1 s s 0 1 T C I t a - s s + -

N E

c ih l c aMR E E l

e l

e C E M rt l o 6 0 1 6 N t r Al 9 0 l l 0 7 O co l l R

I es t 8 7 A A 2 9 l-V E ,

N y E mt an e (

eu l y) 1 0 0 t t o sbt1 a - t + -

SC i ai( E E E '!

mt v kk i ci) 0 0 0 0 cc netA 0 0 0 0 ii ww i t mea! cQ 3 3 3 2 ss D (

nn uu rr BB s t f t u )

ond o 3

& ee d 9 0 1 0 e

  1. mm'er a 8 9 ( 6 pl r o e I - 8 - 8 8 -

yauf R ( r r 0 Tt sr 0 S S C oae D 9 L

TeP T M

d yr e '. ~

aue )

wsr h au r y t es e r aMa p n d P e o rM m t m ro e k a o f r n r d o )

i) a g lk me ul tt l e l

p

/

1 i pi n h. i e o C dmne 1

(

mw o p eau m T, Z (

MS(

I-C d

Footnotes:

1. Minimum detectable concentration is calculated based on three stan-dard deviations above background, using typical sample size in a given counting time. Due to counting statistics and varying volumes, occasionally lower minimum detectable activities are achieved.
2. Mean and range are based on detectable measurements only. The fractions of detectable measurements at specific locations are indi-cated in parenthesis.
3. Measurements in excess, at the 99.5% confidence level, of ten times the control station value or ten times the minimum detectable activity (MDA), whichever is larger.
4. Air particulate and charcoal cartridge samples were collected every Monday. There were 52 Mondays in 1980 times seven air particulate stations for a total of 364 analyses. However, due to unusual events, extra samples were collected the week of October 31,1980, from Stations 02,18, 23,24, and 45. No sample was collected at Station 02 the week of March 24, 1980, because sampler was destroyed by vandals. No sample was collected at Station 45 the week of July 14, 1980, due to a power outage.
5. Collections of aquatic vegetation samples were attempted, but except for one case, these attempts were unsuccessful since there were no permanent beds of same at the required sampling stations.
6. No Fodder samples were available at Station 35 (Steven's Farm) during January, February, and March.
7. Seventeen groundwater stations were added to the Brunswick County Landfill as a . commitment to the state of North Caralina (see Section 3.9).
8. Milk samples were collected every Monday. There were 52 Mondays in 1980, therefore having a possibility of 156 samples. No milk samples

, were available at Station 35 (Steven's Cow) for November 23, 1980, through December 29,1980, (six weeks) due to cow being dry.

9. The November composite consisted of only three weekly samples.

There was no December composite. Both were due to the cow being dry.

10. Soil samples which are required to be collected at three-year intervals were last collected and analyzed in 1978.
11. Two TLDs were missing from the field.
12. Dependent on ambient background conditions.
13. Summary of gamma analysis results in this report do not include the following naturally occurring -Isotopes, since most environmental samples contained some or all of these: 7 Be, "K, 2T1, a t :Pb, z i ng;, a t *Pb, 8 8'Ra, 2 2 s Ac, 2 s'Th.

~27

l i

3.0 INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 3.1 AIR SAMPLES The gross beta results for air particulate samples collected during the year of 1980 are below the preoperational levels. All indicator station activities averaged 4.47 E-2 pCi/m3compared to 9.83 E-2 pCi/m3which is computed over the entire preopera-tional monitoring period. The 1980 averag- activity of control 3

station samples also decreased to 3.79 E-2 pCi/m which is a

/

me ; meaningful comparison to the indicator stations due to yearly weather conditions (amount of rainfall) and other sources of activity (fallout from nuclear testing) that occurred during the preoperational program.

Comparing the Control Station to all indicator stations shows results similar to the observations made during preoperational testing for Station 5 (Caswell Beach @ Pumping Station),

Station 18 (Southport near CP&L Substation), and Station 24 (CP&L Substation on Construction Access Road) (see Table 3-1).

Station 2 (Information Center), Station 23 (Projected Maximum i Annual Concentration' Point), and Station 45 (On Site) revealed gross beta activity higher than the Control Station at a frequency of 17 out of 25, 23 out of 26, and 18 out of 26 weeks, respectively, during the first six months of 1980. The largest difference observed waa 14 times the Control Station which was reported as a 'nonroutine measurement. Gross beta measure-ments are primarily-used for screening and establishing long-

. term trends and not for dose measurements.

28 i-

The quarterly composite gamma and strontium analyses for tha air particulate samples revealed only four fission products (strontium-89, strontium-90, cesium-134, and cesium-137) and two activation products (manganese-54 and cobalt-60) during the first three quarters of 1980 'see Table 3-2). Using a t-test at 99.5% confidence level, the Control Station is comparable to all indicator locations with the exception of cesium-134 and cesium-137 for the first quarter of 1980 at Station 23 (Projected Maximum Annual Concentration Point) which were reported as nonroutine measurements.

,' 29

4 TABI.E.3-1

. Cross Beta Air Particulate Six-Monti Averages for Comparison of. Preoperational Dat a to 1980 liata Ist llal '80 2n.1 ham '80 lat Ha M 93 2nd ham 93 let ham 94 2nd ham '74 3

Stations pct /

AP-2 informatton Center 3.7 E-2 5.6 E-2 1.5 E-2 2.9 E-2 1.7 E-1 1.1 E-1 AP-5 Cauwell Beacli 0 Pump Station 2. 2 E-2 4.0 E-2 1.5 E-2 2.8 E-2 1.6 E-1 1.1 E-l

, AP-18 Soutliport near

, CP61. Substation 3.1 E-2 5.1 E-2 1.6 E-2 2.4 E-2 1.5 E-1 1.1 E-1 o

. AP-22

! Sutton Plant.

(Control Station) 3.0 E-2 4. 6 E-2 1.7 E-2 3.2 E-2 3,6 E-1 1.0 E -I AP-23 PHAC 6.4 E-2 5.6 E-2 Hot in Ilse 3.1 E-2 1.6 E-1 1.2 E-1 AP-24' Cral. Sul> station on-Construction Access Roatl 2.9 E-2 4. 9 E-2 Not in lise 3.4 E-2 1.7 E-1 1.1 E-l AP-45 (hi Sito 5. 0 E-2 5.2 E-2 1.6 E-2 3.1 E-2 1.8 E-1 1.1 E-l (2 Samples on1y) d _ _. . _ _ _ . . . . . . _ . . _

i TABLE 3-2 Summary of Average Concentration and Frequency of Detection for Radionuclides in Quarterly Composite Gamma Scans for Air Particulate Filter. During the First Three Quarters of 1980 Sr-89 pCif m 3 Indicator Locations Control Third Quarter 1.18 E-3 (1/6) <2.00 E-3 Sr-90 pCi/m 3 Indicator Locations Control First Quarter 3.81 E-4 (1/6) <2.00 E-3 Second Quarter 4.17 E-4 (1/6) <2.00 E-3 Cs-134 pCi/m 3 Indicator Locations Control First Quarter 8.93 E-3 (3/6) <3.00 E-3 Cs-137 pCi/m 3 Indicator Locations Control First Quarter 6.56 E-3 (6/6) <l.30 E-3 Second Quarter 3.76 E-3 (3/6) <l.30 E-3 3

Mn-54 pCi/m .

Indicator Lccations Control First Quarter 5.88 E-3 (2/6) <1.29 E-3 Second Quarter 4.02 E-3 (1/6) <l.29 E-3 Toird Quarter 9.41 E-3 (1/6) <l.29 E-3 Co-60 pCi/m 3 Indicator Locations Control First Quarter . 3.00 E-3 (2/6) <3.00 E-3 Third Quarter 9.50 E-3 (1/6) <3.00 E-3 31

The strontium-90 activities are not solely attributed to opera-tions or Brunswick Plant since they were observed sporadically at similar concentrations throughout the preoperational surveil-lance period. However, the strontium-89, cesium-134, cesium-137, manganese-54, and cobalt-60 activities are attri-buted to Brunswick operations. Using the assumptions of Regulatory Guide 1.109, an irhalation dose to the critical organs and total body may be calculated as summarized in Table 3-3.

TABLE 3-3 Maximum Inhalation Exposure From Environmental Air Particulate Data

  • pRem Per Year Bone Liver Kidney Lung GI-LLI Total Body

' Adult 2.16 3.72 1.26 26.3 1.41 2.55 Teenager 2.98 5.00 1.68 38.2 1.29 2.13 Child 3.97 4.64 1.51 30.9 0.48 0.95 Infant 2.42 3.29 0.89 19.9 0.16 0.35

  • Average concentrations used for dose calculations:

Average Radionuclides Concentration (pCi/m3)

Sr-89 2.95 E-4 Cs-134 ' 2.23 E-3 Cs-137 2.58 E-3 Mn-54 4.83 E-3 Co-60 3.13 E-3 The quarterly composite gamma analysis for the fourth quarter of 1980 revealed several short-lived fission products. Using the t-test at 99.5% confidence level, the Control Station is compar-able to all indicator locations as summarized in Table 3-4.

32-

.. . .. = .. _ - . - - _ - =-. - .- . __ . _ _ .

TABLE 3-4 Summary of Average Concentration and Frequency of Detection for Radionuclides in Quarterly Composite Gamma Scans (4th Quarter)

Indicator Locations Control R_adionuclide pCi/m 3 pCi/m 3 Sr-89 4.28 E-3 (5/6) 3.27 E-3 Sr-90 2.61 E-3 (1/6) <2.00 E-3 Nb-95 1.47 E-2 (3/6) 8.28 E-3 Zr-95 1.39 E-2 (3/6) 7.94 E-3 Ru-103 1.26 E-2 (5/6) 1.09 E-2 Ce-141 1.46 E-2 (6/6) 1.43 E-2 The. occurrence of these radior.uclides and higher gross beta results are not attributed to the operation of Brunswick Plant but are a result of the nuclear test conducted by the People's Repubile of China on October 16, 1980. The arrival of the 7

nuclear debris from that test is shown by air particulate gross beta activity data plotted in Figures 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6.

j 'l

'. 33 '

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM IRE 14a26 ALIAS REPTBETA FEB.1981 GROSS BETA AIR PARTICULATE (PICURIES PER CUBIC METER)

COMMON LOGARITHM PLOT PLOT OF SAMPLE STATION ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN DATE STAR AT THE POINTS PLOT OF CCNTROL ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN DATE DIAMOND AT THE POINTS PLANT =BSEP POINT =02 ACTIVITY 0.4000 -1 0.2000 -

Chinese 0.0000 - Nuclear Test October 16, 1980

-0.2000 -

-0.4000 -

-0.6000 -

v

-O'.8000 -

-1.0000 -

-1.2000 -

-1.4000 - f .

-1.6000 -

1

-1.8000 -

-2.0000 -

8 8 8 8 ~8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0 -0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0- O 1. I 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 0 3 6 '. 9 2 5 8 1 4 7 1 4 7 1 1- 2- 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 JULIAN ORTE

Figure 3.1 34

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM IRE 14=26 ALIAS REPT8 ETA FES.1981 GROSS BETA AIR PARTICULATE (PICURIES PER CUBIC METER)

COMMON LOGARITHM PLOT PLOT 0F SAMPLE STATION ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN DATE STRR AT THE POINTS PLOT OF CONTROL ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN DATE GIANOND AT THE POINTS' PLANT =BSEP PO IN T:05 ACTIVITY 0.4000 -

0.2000 - -

Nuclear 0.0000 - Test October 16, 1980

- -0.2000 -

-0.4000 -

-0.6000 -

1P

-0.8000 -

o

-1'.0000.- ,.

1.2000 - -

{

/

-1.4000 -

~

-1.6000 - ,

J

/ {

-1~.8000 -

~~ '~

. . . . . . . . . . . 4 .

-8 '8 8 8- 8 8 8 8 8 8 '8 8 8 0 0 0 -0 0 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 'O O O 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 ~3 0 3 .6. 9 2 S 8 1 4 7 1 4 7 1- 1 '2 -3 4 S- 6 7 8 9 .- 0 1 2

'JULIAN DATE Figure 3.2 35 E

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM IRE 14=26 RLIRS REPTBETR FES.iS81 GROSS BETR RIR PRRTICULRTE (PICURIES PER-CUBIC METER)

COMMON LOGARITHM PLOT PLOT OF-SAMPLE STATION ACT!VITY VS. JULIAN ORTE STAR RT THE ?OINTS PLOT OF CONTROL ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN ORTE DIRMONG RT THE POINTS PLANT =8SEP POINT-_ 18 RCTIVITY O'.4000 -

0.2000 -

Chinese Nuclear

'O.0000 - Test October 16, 1980

-0.2000 --

' -0.40001-

-0.6000 -

n

-0.8000'-

= -1.0000-- ,

' -1 2000 -

t[ . ,.

o l~ 3

-1 4000 N-

-1.6000:- \ \ /

\ s , b

=-1.8000.- g

-2.0000?- . .

. ... . . .. i . . . . .

4 8 8 8 8 E8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

- 0- 0 0 0- 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 0 'O 0 G. O. 0 1- 1. I 2. .2 2 23 3 .3 0 3- 6. 9 2 5 8 1 4 7 1 4 7 1 1- 2 3. 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 JULIRN ORTE Figure 3.3 36

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM !RE14s26 PLIAS REPT8ET9 rES.t981 GROSS BET 9 AIR PP,T!CULATE t (PICUR!ES ?E CUS!C METEsi COMMON LOGC*ITHM PLOI PLOT OF SRM LE STcT!CN RCTIV!Ti VS. JULIAN DATE ST;R cr ryg pg;373 PLOT OF CONTROL ACT!VITY VS. JULIAN 09TE 7IAMOND AT THE PO!NTS PLRNT:SSE? PO!NT 23 ACTIVITY C .4000 1

-G.2000 -

Chinese

""Cl'^#

0.0C00 -

Test October 16, 1980

-0.2000 -

-0.4000 -

i ' 0 . G C C C --

I

-0.80GG - J. 7 1 4.

.cccu

{[

s i .)\ .

t ~

y +t /

-1.2000 - j  ? j

-1.4GCC .

j .

1.G000 - \/ / .

-l.8000 - ,

-2.0000 -

. 4 .. . i i i i i . . i .

8- 8- 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 -8 8 0- 0 0- 'O 0- 0 0 'O 0- 'O O O O

.0 0 0 0 I 1- 1 2- 2 2 -3 ' -3 3 O '- ~3- 6- 9 .2 5- 8 1 4 7 1 4 7 l' t. -2 3- -4 1 5 6 7 8 9 0- 1- -2 JULJAN ORTE

-Figure 3.4 g

.37=

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM IRE 14=26 ALIAS RE?TBETA FEB.t981 GROSS BETA RIR PARTICULATE (PICURIiS PER CUSIC METER)

COMMON LOGARITHM PLOT PLOT 0F SAM?LE STATION ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN DATE STAR AT THE POINTS

' PLOT ~0F CONTROL ACTIVITY VS. JULIAN GATE CIAMONG AT THE POINTS PLANT BSEP P O I N T =24

' ACTIVITY '

0.4000 0.2000 -

Chinese Nuclear 0.000C -

Test October 16, 1980

-0.2000 -

-0.400C -

--0.G0C0q ~

o

~'

-0.8000 -l-~ p

/

11.0000 J

[' l

-1.2000 - *

, j

-1.4000 a

-1.G0001- \- \ /

-1".8000 -- 3

-2.0000.-

. i . . . . .. . . . . . .

~8 :8 8: 8 8: 8. ,8- 8 81 8 8 ~8 8 0 0 :0: 0 .0 -0 _0 0 0 0 0. -0 0

=0. :0 0 0 1: 1 1- -2 .2- 2 3 3 3:

0 3 6' 9~ .2 S 8- .1 4 7 1 4- 7

, 1- 1 2 '3 4 S- 6 7 8 9 -0 1 2

~ LJULIAN OATE Figure 3.5-

~

G 38 Y< . . ,

CP&L ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM PROGRAM IREt4=26 ALIAS REPTBETA FEB.L981 i CROSS BETA AIR PART!CULcri

'P! CURIES *E. CUB!C METE?)

COMMON LOGR0!THM PLOT PLOT'0F'SA"*LE STAT!0N ACT!V!TV VS. JULIAN DATE STcp pr THE ?0!NTS PLOT OF CONTROL ACTIV!Ti VS. JULIAN DATE D!AMGND AT THE POINTS PLANT:SSEP P O I N T .-45 ACriv!TY 0.400C J

-0.200C -

Chinese

. l Nuclear 0.0000 m Test

! October 16, 1980 1

-0'.2000 W

-0.400C - *(Low volume)

-0.GGGC q u

-0.80C0 -

- 1 . 0 C 0 0 . --

-1_.20CC J Y

t '1.4000

-1.G000 - \

-1.8000'-, ' '

\ ,

--2.0000.-i i .

.. i i .. .. . . . ,

i. . .

'8 8 ~- '8- 8 8 8 8 8 8- 8 8 8 8

-0 'O O 0- 0 0 0 ~0: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 11 2 2 2 3 3 3 0- 3 -- 6 .9- 2 5 8 .t -4 7 1- 4 7

~l :1 2. 3 .4 5 6 7 '8 9 0- 1 2 JULIAN DATE'

'

  • Volume was only 73.5 m . Gamma analysis was performed and revealed'all radionuclides ?MDA. The. gross beta result isJstatistically invalid.

' Figure 3.6

^

39 4

Charcoal cartridges sampled weekly revealed iodine-131 activity in eight of 315 indicator samples (see Table 3-5).

TABLE 3-5 Detectable I-131 in Charcoal Cartridges (pCi/m3)

Collection Indicatoc Indicator Control Station Date Station Concentration Concentration 1-14-30 Information Center 5.42 E-2 <4.91 E-2 1-14-80 PMAC 1.02 E-1 <4.91 E-2 1-14-80 On Site 4.54 E-2 <4.91 E-2 1-21-80 On Site 4.23 E-2 c5.98 E-2 2-18-80 PMAC 1.03 E-1 <4.77 E-2 2-18-80 .iccess Road To Substation 4.96 E-2 <4.77 E-2 2-25-80 PMAC 3.67 E-2 <4.34 E-2 11-3-80 On Site 9.00 E-2 <4.90 E-2

' Routine gaseous releases, which included iodine-131, from the Brunswick Plant during 1980 suggest .the plant as the source of the iodine-131 activity. Using the assumptions of Regulatory Guide 1.109, the maximum inhalation dose to an infant's thyroid is 1.06 mrem /yr using an average iodine-131 concentration of 6.54 E-2 pCi/m3.

3.2-- MILK SAMPLES Analysis o? weekly milk samples showed measurable concentra-

-tions of iodir,e-131 in 18 o' 98 indicator station samples and 8 of 40

52 Control Station samples. The source for these activities, with the exception of seven analyses from Station 35 (Stevens Farm) during January and February, is radioactive fallout from the nuclear test conducted by the People's Republic of China on October 16, 1980.

Sample Station 35 (Stevens Farm) revealeo iodine-131 on January 7, January 14, January 21, January 28, February 4, February 11, and February 18, at the concentrations of 1.24 pCi/1, 4.34 pCi/1, 4.44 pCi/1, 2.82 pCl/1, 1.96 pCi/1, 1.31 pCi/1, and 6.71 pCi/1, respectively. The absence of iodine-131 at the milk control station, plus the close proximity of the Stevens Farm to the Brunswick site, and in the absence of another apparent source of activity, these concentrations are attributed to the Brunswick Plant. The dose to an infant's thyroid for an entire year's intake of milk can be calculated i

using assumptions contained in Regulatory Guide 1.109. Using an iodine-131 concentration in milk of 0.886 pCi/l compilert from results of January through October sample results (excluding three weeks in November due to fallout and the last six weeks of 1980 due to cow being dry) from Station 35, including minimum l

!- ' detectable activity concentrations, the annual dose (to infant) becomes 4.06 mrem /yr. This thyroid dose is much lower than the corresponding dose estimate of 28 mrem /yr given in the L Brunswick Final Environmental Statement for this milk location.

I i

Gamma isotopic analyses of monthly composited milk samples reexhibited tne same general radionuclide concentrations as 41

during the preoperational period. Milk Station 35 (Stevens Farm) continued to show elevated levels of cesium-137 in milk (11 of 11 samples) averaging 37.1 pCi/1, compared to the Control Station (6 of 12 samples) averaging 3.13 pCi/l. Figure 3-7 details the history of cesium-137 measurcments at the Stevens Farm, dating back to 1972; the source cannot be attributed to Brunswick Plant effluents. The other railk station (Station 36) also showed low levels of cesium-137 in milk (11 of 12 samples) averaging 17.3 pCi/l during 1980. The above averages are based on detectable measurements only.

Radiostrontium analyses indicated essentially no change in strontium-89 and strontium-90 levels in milk compared to corre-sponding preoperational levels. The 1980 average strontium-90 concentration in milk was 3.9 pCi/1, compared to 9.G .cCi/l during the preoperational period.

3.3 - V EGETATION Terrestrial vegetation (pine needles sampled quarterly) revealed manganese 54, cobalt-58, cobalt-60, cesi .-134, and cesium-l';7 during 1900. Using a t-test at 99.5% confidence M ; c., the control (Station 37) is comparable to all indicatcr

-locations as per nrunswick Technical Specifications (see Table 3-6).

42

a

, -i i  ;

}.. . t - -

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t. i . _ : ._ ; !  ;

.i_- jg  ; .'-_:. .j;._[_, 1-.. _ _ . - _ ; . i1. :.

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(

t . i 1. ~ i .t'- Figure 3.7 l' -

7 ~- : M . 7!

-. , r-- _ : m tn -

  • 3 i

, _ . . History of Cs-137 in Milk--Station 35: 2 .;;r = t=r: == d'

^=

_.3_ . ._ GT N . ._.. L --.- }- __ c ; _ . _ _

f:- ;M=: hi  : = p.u =.:p- = = _] =:-M-E=. m ===n-+  ;

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4._ . 7 __ _ _ __ . ; _ __. ._ {_ . _ __. _ j _ . ___9 _ i  ; - __ . _

43

TABLE 3-6 Summary of Detectable Radionuclides for 1980 in Terrestrial Vegetation Mean (Frequency) pCi/kg (dry)

Mn-54 Co-60 Cs-134 Cs-137

  • Information 0.080 (2/4) 0.030 (3/4) 0.040 (1/4) 0.094 (3/4)

Center (TV-2)

River Road @ <0.065 (0/4) 0.047 (1/4) 0.060 (0/4) 0.210 (4/4)

Intake Canal (TV-13)

Highway 211 - 0.111 (2/4) 0.047 (3/4) 0.060 (1/4) 0.086 (4/4)

W. Side of Discharge Canal (TV-27)

Johnson Farm <0.065 (0/4) 0.047 (1/4) 0.060 (0/4) 1.280 (4/4)

~ Control Station (TV-37)

  • Co-58 was detected at Statio 2 at a concentration of 0.034 pCi/g (dry).

The reason pine.neer. as are used as the terrestrial vegetation sample media is the high surface area for collecting air particu-lates which makes it a sensitive indicator for locating effective areas and its availability for any location any season. Since pine needles are generally consumed by neither man nor animals, there is no ingestion dose associated with the observed activities

.during 1980.

It appears Station 37 (Control Station) is under the influence of Brunswick's operation. Once Standardized Technical Specifi-cations are approved for Brunswick, a more desirable location -

will be used for a control station to remove all ambiguities.

44

The collection date for the fourth quarter terrestrial vegetation samples was October 14, 1980. This was prior to any Chinese Fallout.

Cattle fodder and feed (pasture grass) sampled monthly exhibited cesium-137 activity in 17 of 33 samples averaging 0.152 pCi/g (dry). These concentrations were lower than the preoperational ave: age of 1.44 pCi/g (dry).

Fodder and-feed samples collected for the month of December revealed several short-lived fission products. These radio-nuclides are summarized in Table 3-7. The source for these activities is radioactive fallout from the nuclear test conducted by the People's Republic of China on October 16, 1980.

TABLE 3-7 Summary of Fission Products Detected for the Month of December 1980 Fodder .%mples pCi/g (dry)

Stevens Farm -

Lewis Farm Johnson Farm (FO-35) (FO-36) FO-37 (Control)

Nb <0.060 <0.060 0.342 Zr-95 0.398 0.385 <0.110 -

'Ru-103 0.222 0.199 <0.055 Ba-140 <0.165 0.311 <G.165

-La-140 - <0.065 0.36 t+ <0.065 Ce-141 0.326 -0.702 0.144 45

Food crops sampled during the growing season (June-August) contained no fission or activation products within the analytical detection limits.

3.4 SURFACE W A1TR Radiostrontium and tritium analyses of surface water samples during 1980 all yielded less than the minimum detectable activity. The gamma isotopic analysis revealed Co-60 and Cs-137 at a frequency of 2 of 48 and 3 of 48 samples at an average concentration of 11.1 pCi/l and 6.0 pCi/1, respectively.

These radionuclides are attributed to the Brunswick Plant, but the impact on the environment and the dose to man are insignificant when considering that the concentrations of these radionuclides are at our minimum detectable activity levels.

The 1980 annual average of the monthly gross beta activities for all indicator stations (389 pCi/l) was approximately 39% higher than the annual average for the Control Station (230 pCi/1).

Similar relationships were observed in 1976,1977,1978, and 1979 and are comparable tc that observed during the preoperational surveillance program when the all-indicator annual average was 21% higher than that of the Control Station. Interpretation of surface water surveillance results is complicated by two inter-related factors which are . tide and -sampling methods. As established during the preoperational surveillance program, the gross activity of surface water can -- vary over an order of magnitude 'from that in relatively fresh water to that in 46

seawater. The salinity of plant intake canal water has been observed to vacy from 3 to 30 parts per thousand as a result of tidal at: tion in the Cape Fear estuary. The sampling method employed for the offshore ocean sampling points (Stations 29, 30, and 31) was one monthly grab sample. The intake canal (Station 48, control) was sampled by weekly grab sample composited for monthly analysis. The discharge canal (Station 32) was sampled by automatic sampler which drer-daily aliquots composited for monthly analysis. Grab sar ,.es of the offshore ocean stations were generally not taken concurrrently with grab samples of the intake canal. The submerged ocean outfall of the discharge canal is designed to provide a rapid tenfold dilution within an area of about 300 to 1,000 yards. Further dilution is provided by the tidal and eddy-drift currents in the area which averages 0.7 feet per second.

These considerations severely limit the usefulness of the three offshore ocean surface water sampling stations as indicators of plant-contributed radioactivity. A more meaningful comparison of the data at hand can be made between the discharge canal

-(Station 32) annual average gross beta activity and that of the intake canal (Station 48). The 1980 annual average gross beta activity for Station 32 is 317 pCl/1, about 13% greater than that of the intake canal. A 13% increase for average gross beta activity from the intake to the discharge canal is comparab!e when considering the sampling method and the salinity of the water.

.47

3.5 FISH Fish samples collected quarterly and analyzed for gamma emitters are comparable to preoperational results. Only 1 of 3 samples taken revealed cesium-137 activity at the concentration of 0.075 pCi/g (dry). Cesium-137 was detected in 5 of 23 samples at an average concentration of 0.17 pCi/g (dry), which ranged from 0.035 pCi/g (dry) to 0.42 pCi/g (dry) during preoperational testing.

3.6 - SHRIMP, OYSTERS, BENTHOS, AND ZOOPLANKTON Shrimp collected semiannually' and analyzed for radiostrontium and gamma emitters revealed only strontium-90 in one sample.

The fact that the absence of strontium-90 in the preoperational data and the absence of a control station necessitates attributing this strontium to Brunswick Plant releases. However, some doubt should be expressed since the liquid releases revealed strontium-90 two to tl . . a orders of magnitude lower than other fission and activation products that were being releasec during and prior to this time, plus there was an absence of gamma-emitting fission and activation products for these samples.

Oysters collected semiannually and analyzed for gamma emitters revealed no measurable radioactivity.

Benthic organisms (crabs, starfish, etc.) collected semiannually and analyzed for radiostrontium and gamn.a emitters revealed no-measurable radioactivity.

48

Zooplankton samples revealed no detectable strontium activity during 1980. The gamma analysis revealed cobalt-60 in 3 of 3 samples at an average concentration of 1.53 pCi/g (dry). All samples consisted of a large water fraction, and an attempt was made to separate water from the residue by filtration. It became apparent that significant water fraction and the relative amount of plankton per sample was highly variable. Consultation with aquatic ecologists who perform plankton inventories showed that the measures represent the state of the art. Classification was performed by microscopic examination of slides; the

" biomass" inventories of plankton rely upon simple mechanical separation. These inventories represent plankton, plus other organisms such as algae, and concentrations of dissolved and suspended material once the filter has been dried. The cobalt-60 activities observed ue attributed to Brunswick's operation, but the concentrations were questionable in units of pCi/g in zoo-plankton. Dose assessments to man cannot be made using Regulatory Guide 1.109, and it appears to be insignificant in comparison to other aquatic sample media.

- 3.7 SOIL (BEACH SAND), BOTTOM SEDIM ENT, AQUATIC VEGETATION, AND GROUNDWATER Soil (beach sand) samples collected semiannually and analyzed for radiostrontium and gamma emitters revealed no measurable radioactivity.

49-

Bottorr, sediment samples collected semiannually at six locations a, . analyzed for radiostrontium and gamma emitters. There were only four radionuclides detected during 1980 (see Table 3-8).

TABLE 3-8 Detectable Radionuclides in 1980 Bottom Sediment Samples pCi/kg (dry)

Sample Station Mn-54 Co-60 ' Cs-134 Cs-137 SD-30 <23.0 <30.0 <26.0 27.1 SD-31 <23.0 <30.0 62.3 113.0 SD-33 22.8 46.4 <26.0 <28.0 These radionuclides are attributed to Brunswick Plant. Bottom se6ments are not consumed by man; therefore, no dose commit-ment estimates are given. The concentrations observed during 1980 are comparable to activities observed during past years.

Aquatic vegetation samples collected semiannually and analyzed for radiostrontium and gamma emitters revealed no measurable radioactivity.

Groundwater samples collected quarterly and analyzed for tritium and gamma emitters revealed no- measurable radio-

. activity.

50

3.8 EXTERNAL RADIATION DOSE 4

Environmental dosimetry data did not show any significant changes from the corresponding data of previous years.

Station 23 (projected highest X/Q location) continued to show the highest average doses (57.7 mrem /yr), which has been noted in previous reports.

3.9 SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES During January, February, and March of 1980, several unplanned releases of radioactivity were suspected. The routine air moni-toring program provided some early data indicative of the problem.

In order to accurately evaluate the existence and magnitude of the problem in detail, a special series of surface water, soil, and vegetation samples were analyzed. The total effort, analyses, interpretations, and conclusions were summarized in reports to the NRC transmitted by letter January 22, 1981, and titled

" Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, Units 1 and 2, License Nos.

DPR71 and DPR-62, Docket Nos. 50-325 and 50-324, Response to Request for Information." Dose estimates contained in the reports to the NRC were based on conservative environmental models and sampling data. These estimates, along with the routine surveillance program, further supported that the off-site dose population estimates and any additional dose contribution

- documented by the special sampling studies were insignificant to the environment and general public.

51.

L 4.0 MISSED SAMPLES AND ANALYSES 4.1 AIR CARTRIDGE Air cartridge samples were not collected at Sample Station 02 the week of March 24,19f,0, because the sampler was destroyed by vandals. No sample was collected at Station 45 the week of July 14,1980, due to power outage.

4.2 AIR PARTICULAT_E Air particulate samples were not collected at sample Station 02

- the week of March 24, 1980, because the sampler was destroyed by vandals. No sample was collected at Station 45 the week of July 14,1980, due to power outage.

- 4.3 AQUATIC VEGETATION Only one attempt to collect aquatic vegetation samples was successful. The failure to collect other samples was a result of the lack of permanent beds of aquatic vegetation at the required sampling stations.

4.4 FODDER AND FEED No fodder samples were available at Station 35 during January, February, and March.

4.5 MILK No milk samples were available at Station 35 from November 23, 1980, through December 29,1980, due to cow being dry.

52-

4.6 TLDs Two TLDs were lost in the field during the fourth quarter (October 8,1980, throJgh January 2,1981). They were missing from Stations 01 and 01 5.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 5.1 GROSS BETA Gross beta radioactivity measurements are made utilizing a Beckman Widebeta II proportional counter. 'Ihe minimum detectable levels (99% confidence level) are approximately 0.82 pCi per sample.

Air particulate samples are mounted in 2-inch stainless steel planchets and counted directly.

Water samples are evaporated to a low volume, transferred onto a . 2-inch tared stainless steel planchet, evaporated to total dryness, then counted on the Widebeta II with appropriate self-absorption correction, based upm sample weight.

5.2 TRITIUM Liquid samples requiring tritium analys3 are first distilled. Five milliliters of tne distillate are mixed with 10 milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail and counted on a liquid scintillation counter

.for-- 100 minutes. The - sensitivities are approximately

~ 320 pCi/ liter at 'a 99% confidence level.

53 b

5.3 IODINE-131 Iodine-131 airborne concentrations are quantified by the Ge(Li)-

ND4420 gamma spectrometry system. The cartridges are placed in a special marinelli beaker and counted as a unit. If any iodine-131 is detected, each charcoal cartridge is counted indivi-dually.

Iodine-131 in milk is analyzed by use of anion exchange resin, sodium hypochlorite leach, and organ.ic extraction. Iodine is precipitated as silver iodide, collected on a tared filter, dried, and counted on a beta-gamma cor acidence system. The minimum detectable concentration r.c time of count is less than 0.5 pCi/ sample at a 99% confidence level.

5.4 STRONTIUM-89, 90 Strontium is removed from environmental samples by the following methods: (1) leached with dilute acid from' air filters, r sediment, and soil; (2) direct precipitation from both fresh and saline water; and (3) absorption as Sr+2from milk and vegetation onto a cation exchange resin column.

g . In all cases strontium is precipitated as strontium carbonate, collected on a tared filter, dried, and counted on the Widebeta II.

5.5 GAMM A SPECTROMETRY Ge-(Li)

Gamma spectrum analysis utilizes a lithium-drifted germanium detector with a thin aluminum window housed in a steel and lead shield. The analyzer system is a Nuclear Data 4420 with ND812 54 u _

computer. Table 5-1 summarizes minimum 9 tectable concen-trations derived from instrument sensitivity, based upon a blank sample background at 99% confidence level.

Air particulate composites are fitted into a Petri dish and analyzed directly.

L Liquid samples are boiled down to a small volume, transferred to a polyethylene beaker, and analyzed directly.

Bottom sediment and soil are dried, weighed, and then analyzed in a marinelli beaker.

After cleaning, fish samples are boiled in order to separate the L

flesh from the bone. Oysters and shrimp are separated from any shell. These samples are then dried at 100 C and ground to produce a homogeneous mixture. These are placed in a poly-ethylene beaker and analyzed.

Zooplankton, benthic organisms, and terrestrial and aquatic vegetation are dried at 100 C ground and placed in containers to be analyzed.

1 55~

r

TABLE 5-1 Typical Minimum Detectable Concentrations Ge-Li Gamma Spectrometry Air Samoles Cs-134 1.6 x 10- 2 P Ci/M Cs-137 1.6 x 10

-2 Ba-140 5.2 x 10

-2 La-140 3.2 x 10 -

Other Expected 1.2 x 10_2 g to Gamma Emitters 1.2 x 10 Water Samples Cr-51 80 pC1/1 Co-58 8 Co-60 8 Mn-54 8 Cs-134 9 Cs-137 9 Ba-140 30 La-140 20 Other-Expected 8 to Gamma Emitters 80 Soil and Bottom Sediments Cs-134 35 pC1/kg (dry)

Cs-137 35 Cr-51 280 Co-58 30 Co-60 30 Mn-54 30 Other Expected 30 to Gamma Emitters 300 Fish, Shrimp, Oysters, Benthos, and Vegetation I-131 13 pCi/kg.(vet)

Cs-134- 14-Cs-137- 13 Cr-51 110 Co-58 12 Co-60. 13 Mn-54 '12 Other Expected 11 to Ganna Emitters ~ 120 56

i i

i 5.6 THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY Each area monitoring station includes a polyethylene packet, which is an opaque polyethylene bag containing five each calcium sulfate dosimeters,12 mm diameter by 0.4 mm thick.

The packet is light, tight, and weatherproof.

A standard annealing cycle is used to prepare the dosimeters.

Following receipt from the field, each dosimeter is read under nitrogen flow, utilizing Teledyne TLD-7300 Readers. This instrument integrates the light photons emitted from traps deexcited above 150 C. The lower energy traps are auto-matically eliminated through a preheat cycle. - Calibration is checked monthly using dosimeters irradiated to known doses.

Prior to, during, and following the measurement of each dosi-meter batch, . the instrument is checked . through use of an internal constant light source -as 'a secondary standard. The instrument background through dark current and other electronic noise is never greater than ten mrem equivalent and is typically two mrem equivalent.

The dote reported is corrected for dose received in transit and storage through the use of control dosimeters.

.57 '

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