ML041260050

Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2003

ML041260050
Person / Time
Site:	Palo Verde
Issue date:	04/23/2004
From:	Bauer S Arizona Public Service Co
To:	Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
102-05096-SAB/TNW/CJJ
Download: ML041260050 (69)

Text

~L AMR Scott A. Bauer Department Leader Regulatory Affairs Tel: 6231393-5978 Mail Station 7636 Palo Verde Nuclear Fax: 623/393-5442 P.O. Box 52034 Generating Station e-mail: sbauer~apsc.com Phoenix, AZ 85072-2034 102-05096-SAB/TNW/CJJ April 23, 2004 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ATTN: Document Control Desk Washington, DC 20555-0001

Subject:

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)

Units 1, 2, and 3 Docket Nos. STN 50-528/5291530 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2003 In accordance with PVNGS Technical Specification (TS) 5.6.2, enclosed please find the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2003.

No commitments are being made to the NRC in this letter. If you have any questions, please contact Thomas N. Weber at (623) 393-5764.

Sincerely, IUW L53 6L.I C SAB/TNW/CJJ/kg SA SQer Enclosure cc: B. S. Mallett M. B. Fields N. L. Salgado A. V. Godwin A member of the STARS (strategic Teaming and Resource sharing) Alliance Callaway

• Comanche Peak

• Diablo Canyon

• Palo Verde

• South Texas Project

• wolf creek

ENCLOSURE Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2003

NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 2003 Digitally signed by: Drinovsky, Louis J(Z33699)

Date: 04/09/2004 08:13:15 ;

Reason: I am the author of this document Location: PVNGS /~

6' Prepared by: a Digitally signed by-. Gray, Thomas S(Z99610)

Date: 04/09/2004 09:42:25 X Reason: I have reviewed this document Location: PVNGS ' -

Reviewed by:._

Digitally signed by: Gaffney, John P(Z36459)

Date: 04/16/2004 17:09:44 XX Reason: I am approving this document Location: PVNGS 1,

Approved by:I

TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 2

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE MONITORING PROGRAM ............................................................ 3 2.1. 2003 PVNGS RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM .................................. 3 2.2. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CHANGES FOR 2003 ......................... 3 2.3. REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS

SUMMARY

............................................................. 4

3. SAMPLE COLLECTION PROGRAM ............................................................ 10 3.1. WATER ............................................................ 10 3.2. VEGETATION ............................................................ 10 3.3. MILK ............................................................ 10 3.4. AIR ............................................................ 10 3.5. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT ............................................................ 11

4. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES.................................................................................................. I I 4.1. AIR PARTICULATE ............................................................ 11 4.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE ............................................................ 11 4.3.

. . MI1 ILK1.......................................................................................................................................... I 4.4. VEGETATION ............................................................ 12 4.5. SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ............................................................ 12 4.6. WATER ............................................................ 12 4.7. SOIL ............................................................ 13

5. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION .................................................... 13

5. I. GAMMA SPECTROMETER .................................................... 13 5.2. LIQUID SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETER..................................................................................... 13 5.3. GAS FLOW PROPORTIONAL COUNTER .................................................... 13

6. ISOTOPIC DETECTION LIMITS AND REPORTING CRITERIA . .........................................

14 6.1. LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION ................................................... 14 6.2. DATA REPORTING CRITERIA ................................................... 14 6.3. LLD AND REPORTING CRITERIA OVERVIEW .................................................... 15

7. INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM ....................................... 20 7.1. QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ................................................... 20 7.2. INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS ................................................... 20

8. DATA INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ....................................... 25 8.1. AIR PARTICULATES .25 8.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE .26 8.3. VEGETATION .26 8.4. MILK .26 8.5. DRINKING WATER .26 8.6. GROUNDWATER .26 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT. 2003 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.7. S URFACE WATER ................... ;26 8.8. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT .27 8.9. DATA TRENDS .28

9. THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD) RESULTS AND DATA . .49

10. LAND USECENSUS .55 10.1. INTRODUCTION .55 10.2. CENSUS RESULTS .55

11.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS .. 57

12. REFERENCES .62 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 iii

LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS .................................................................... 5 TABLE 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE .................................................................... 6 TABLE 2.3

SUMMARY

OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS ......................................... 7 TABLE 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (A PRIORP) ............................... 17 TABLE 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS ................................................................... 18 TABLE 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ................................................................... 19 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS ........................................................... 21 TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR IST - 2ND QUARTER ....................................... 29 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3RD - 4TH QUARTER ....................................... 30 TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES ................................................................... 31 TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR IST - 2ND QUARTER ................................................................. 32 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3RD - 4TH QUARTER ................................................................. 33 TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION ................................................................... 34 TABLE 8.7 MILK .................................................................... 35 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ................................................................... 36 TABLE 8.9 GROUNDWATER .................................................................... 38 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER .................................................................... 39 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ................................................................... 42 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS .................................................................... 50 TABLE 9.2 2003 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS .................................................................... 52 TABLE 10.1 2003 LAND USE CENSUS ................................................................... 56 TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

................................................................... 58 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 iv

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES - MAP (0-10 miles) ................................................................... 8 FIGURE 2.2 REMP SAMPLE SITES - MAP (0-35 miles) ................................................................... 9 FIGURE 8.1 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES) ...............44 FIGURE 8.2 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS)

COMPARED TO PRE-OP ...................................................................... 45 FIGURE 8.3 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER ...................................................................... 46 FIGURE 8.4 SOIL Cs-] 37 COMPARED TO ONSITE SEDIMENT BASIN #2 . . 47 FIGURE 8.5 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY ............................................................ 48 FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES ............... ....................... 53 FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON - PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2003 ... 54 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 v

ABSTRACT The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) is an ongoing program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS) for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS).

Various types of environmental samples are collected near PVNGS and analyzed for radionuclide concentrations.

During 2003, the following categories of samples were collected by APS:

• Broad leaf vegetation

. Groundwater

• Drinking water

• Surface water

• Airborne particulate and radioiodine

• Goat milk

• Sludge and sediment Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure environmental gamma radiation. The Environmental TLD program is also conducted by APS.

The Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA) performs radiochemistry analyses on various duplicate samples provided to them by APS. Samples analyzed by ARRA include onsite samples from the Reservoir, two (2) Evaporation Ponds, and two (2) deep wells. Offsite samples analyzed by ARRA include two (2) local resident wells. ARRA also performs air sampling at seven (7) offsite locations identical to APS and maintains approximately fifty (50) environmental TLD monitoring locations, eighteen (18) of which are duplicates of APS locations.

A comparison of pre-operational and operational data indicates no changes to environmental radiation levels. There were no measurable radiological impacts on the environment due to PVNGS operations in 2003.

(NOTE: Reference to APS throughout this report refers to PVNGS personnel)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 1

OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

1. Introduction This report presents the results of the operational radiological environmental monitoring program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS). The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) was established for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) by APS in 1979. The REMP is performed in accordance with the federal requirements to provide a complete environmental monitoring program for nuclear reactors, and with concern for maintaining the quality of the local environment. The program complies with the requirements of 10 CFR50, Appendix 1, PVNGS Technical Specifications, and with the guidance provided by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in their Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979.

This report contains the measurements and findings for 2003. All references are specifically identified in Section 12.

The objectives of the REMP are as follows: 1) to determine baseline radiation levels in the environs prior to plant operation and to compare the findings with measurements obtained during reactor operations; 2) to monitor potential critical pathways of radio-effluent to man; and 3) to determine radiological impacts on the environment caused by the operation of PVNGS.

Results from the REMP help to evaluate sources of elevated levels of radioactivity in the environment (e.g., atmospheric nuclear detonations or abnormal plant releases).

Results of the PVNGS pre-operational environmental monitoring program are presented in Reference 1.

The initial criticality of Unit I occurred May 25, 1985. Initial criticality for Units 2 and 3 were April 18, 1986, and October 25, 1987, respectively. PVNGS operational findings (historical) are presented in Reference 2.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 2

2. Description of the Monitoring Program APS and vendor organizations performed the pre-operational radiological environmental monitoring program, which began in 1979. APS and vendors continued the program into the operational phase.

2.1. 2003 PVNGS Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program The assessment program consists of routine measurements of background gamma radiation and of radionuclide concentrations in media such as air, groundwater, drinking water, surface water, vegetation, milk, sludge, and sediment.

Samples were collected by APS at the monitoring sites shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2.

The specific sample types, sampling locations, and sampling frequencies, as set forth in the PVNGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM), Reference 4, are presented in Tables 2.1, 2.2 and 9.1. Additional onsite sampling (outside the scope of the ODCM) is performed to supplement the REMP. All results are included in this report. Sample analyses were performed by APS at the PVNGS Central Chemistry Laboratory and Eberline Services (goat milk only).

Background gamma radiation measurements were performed by APS using TLDs at forty-eight (48) locations near PVNGS.

In addition to monitoring environmental media, a land use census is performed annually to identify the nearest milk animals, residents, and gardens. This information is used to evaluate the potential dose to members of the public for those exposure pathways that are indicated.

2.2. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Changes for 2003

• Air sample location 7A, Arlington School (SE8), was deleted as of 12-31-02.

The school was closed so air sample monitoring at this location was discontinued.

Refer to Table 2.1 for a description of all current sample locations.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 3

2.3. REMP Deviations/Abnormal Events Summary During calendar year 2003, there were two (2) deviations/abnormal events with regard to the monitoring program. Refer to Table 2.3 for more detail and any corrective actions taken.

• TLD site #26 was moved approximately 0.25 miles east of its previous location due to property inaccessibility.

• The I-131 required LLD of 1.0 pCi/liter was not achieved for the goat milk sample on 9-17-03.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 4

Table 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS SAMPLE I SITE # SAMPLE TYPE LOCATION; LOCATIONDESCRIPTION 4 air E16 ' APS Office 6A* - air SSEl3 Old US 80 14A , air -NNE2-' 3715 Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.

15 air NE2 - NE Site Boundary 17A air E3' 3515Ave.

21 air S3 ,, S Site Boundary 29 air WI W Site Boundary 35 air NNW8 Tonopah 40 air -N2' ' Transmission Rd 46;, drinking water NW9, McArthur residence 47 vegetation ESE4 - McCoy residence 48 drinking water SW I Berryman residence 49'. drinking water N2 Chowanec residence 51 milk NE4 ,: Painter residence-goats 52 : vegetation N2 Chowanec residence 53* milk ENE24 - Barber residence-goats 55 drinking water SW3 , Gavette residence (supplemental) 57 - groundwater ONSITE Well 27ddc 58 - groundwater ONSITE,' Well 34abb 59 ,' , surface water ONSITE -- Evaporation Pond #1 60 ' ' surface water ONSITE' - Reservoir 62* ' vegetation ENE26 Duncan Family Farms 63 J-surface water ONSITE 1Evaporation Pond #2 NOTES:

• Designates a control site (a) Distances and direction are from the center-line of Unit 2 containment and rounded to the nearest mile (b) Denotes a change in location Air sample sites designated with the letter 'A' are sites that have the same site number as a TLD location, but are not in the same location (e.g. site #6 TLD location is different from site #6A air sample location; site #4 TLD location is the same as site #4 air sample location)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 5

Table 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE SAMPLE AIR AIRBORNE GROUND DRINCKING SURFACE SITE # PARTICULATE MILK RADIOlODIANE VEGETA TION WA I TER IIA TER WA I TER 4 W W 6A W W 14A V X 15 W W 17A _ V 21 W W 29 W WX 35 W XV 40 W XV 46 XW 47 M/AA 48 XV 49 .W 51 M/AA 52 M/AA 53 M/AA 55 XV 57 Q 58 Q 59 XV 60 W 62 MJAA 63 W W = WEEKLY MIAA = MONTHLY AS AVAILABLE Q = QUARTERLY PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 6

TABLE 2.3 SUMMARIES OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS Deviation/Abnormal Event Actions taken

1. TLD site #26 was moved. The previous location became inaccessible due to the property selling. The TLD field holder was moved approximately 0.25 miles east of its previous location. This TLD location is to meet the ODCM outer ring (4-5 miles) criterion. GPS readings indicate that the new position still falls within the ODCM required sector and distance criteria for this location. No further actions are required.

2. The required LLD for I-131 of 1.0 The onsite Central Lab initiated analysis of low pCi/liter was not achieved for a goat milk level 1-13 1 in milk in September 2003. Prior to sample on 9-17-03. this date samples were counted by a vendor lab.

'A priori' LLD counting parameters were set up for the instrumentation to be used to analyze samples. Due to differences in detector efficiencies, one of the samples (control location) was not counted long enough to achieve the 1.0 pCi/liter required sensitivity (actual MDA was 1.2 pCi/liter). The indicator milk sample location was counted on a different detector and achieved the required sensitivity of <1 pCi/liter for I-13 1.

The corrective action was to set the 'count to LLD' feature on all instruments used to count milk samples to the most restrictive count time (in this case they were set to 7 days). Subsequent samples have met the 1.0 pCi/liter LLD value.

This was documented in the corrective action program as CRDR No. 2646728. No further actions are required.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 7

FIGURE 2.1 REMP SAMPLE SITES (0-10 MILES)

Graphic Scale In Miles

. 1 2 3 4 5

W Jo p LS

@£ ,fs. +ZhZ V.

NE KEY TO MAP Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Paved Road vu Uiepost

- UnhavedRoadl Palo Verde Nucear a

- 4WD Road l Gene Satingbon RdO~i

-ioI--loI Gas Pipei~ne 3 Boundary. Environmental Monitoring

-I *- T I- Power Une Doslmeters (TLD) PormSml ie

-i-I-I Railroad A Air Sample

4. Alrstsp v VsgebtaonSample w Water Sample 0-O10 Miles

• School M MllkSample

• Slren 0) Sample Sltes PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 203 8

T T -i T T surprise wmP 1 I 7IT k aI I

N NE PWMA.4 a.I S

-E 0

~~~~GraphicScalelnle 12 3 IfT 45 TN REGIONAL E

Aft"k.

Lui, -~ 0 I

Glendale

_t \- _

r~1 - .s i

. IPH61ENIX P it%410 ts M

_-lae_

I I .

IX

~\ IPHI,

. . . I I'

. (P w w a!-

. . . I.- 417-11 14b- I '.' > CL-)

I r" la d9'V~V~

_ _ h t- t".)

.2>O~iT M M i')

En

%-.1 4 wSI

-3 M

En

u M.~

0 3I N1P Vrt I --

Hassay~~pa Cd 4e35 Miles z

I (~, U ~~ihI i loes 0

2i Mils ii C-r

,ill` I 30 MiCes zrr0 Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station KEY TO MAP RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

-+4-

--- Railroad Palo Verde Nuclear P O R MS M L I E Airstrip!Airport Generating Station Boundary Schools Located T Thnermlumineseent OSampleSites 0-35 Miles,

• Near Sample Sites DosmImeteu(D) V Vegeladen

• Municipal Buildings A AlrSample MI MILK

3. Sample Collection Program APS personnel using PVNGS procedures collected all samples.

3.1. Water Weekly samples were collected from the Reservoir, Evaporation Pond #1, Evaporation Pond #2, and four (4) residence wells. Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 ml glass bottles. One liter from each weekly one-gallon sample was added to a monthly composite, which is preserved with nitric acid (HNO 3 ). The composite samples were then analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. Residence wells were also analyzed for gross beta activity. Weekly grab samples in glass bottles were composited quarterly and analyzed for tritium.

Quarterly grab samples were collected from onsite wells 34abb and 27ddc. Samples were collected in one-gallon containers and 500 ml glass bottles. Samples were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium.

Treated sewage effluent from the City of Phoenix was sampled as a weekly composite at the onsite Water Reclamation Facility (WRF), and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. A monthly composite was analyzed for tritium.

3.2. Vegetation Vegetation samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.

3.3. Milk Goat milk samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides, including low level 1-13 1.

3.4. Air Air particulate filters and charcoal cartridges were collected at nine (9) sites on a weekly basis. Particulate filters were analyzed for gross beta. Charcoal cartridges were analyzed for 1-131. Particulate filters were composited quarterly, by location, and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 10

3.5. Sludge and Sediment Sludge samples were obtained weekly from the WRF waste centrifuge (whenever the plant was operational) and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. Samples were collected using 1000 ml plastic bottles.

Cooling tower sludge from Unit 3 was disposed of in the WRF Landfill in 2003.

Samples were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.

Bottom sediment/sludge samples were obtained from Evaporation Pond #1 and #2 and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides.

4. Analytical Procedures The procedures described in this report are those used by APS to routinely analyze samples.

4.1. Air Particulate 4.1.1. Gross Beta A glass fiber filter sample is placed in a stainless steel planchet and counted for gross beta activity utilizing a low background gas flow proportional counter.

4.1.2. Gamma Spectroscopy The glass fiber filters are placed in a standard geometry container and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

4.2. Airborne Radioiodine The charcoal cartridge is counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for 1-131.

4.3. Milk 4.3.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 11

4.3.2. 1-131 (Eberline only)

The sample is reduced with sodium bisulfite and iodine is absorbed by anion resin. The iodine is eluted from the resin, extracted from the sample, and then back extracted and precipitated onto a filter. The precipitate is counted and the 1-131 is quantified.

4.4. Vegetation 4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is pureed in a food processor, placed in a one liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

4.5. Sludge/Sediment 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The wet/dry sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

4.6. Water 4.6.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

4.6.2. Tritium The sample is evaluated to determine the appropriate method of preparation prior to counting. If the sample contains suspended solids or is turbid, it may be filtered, distilled, and/or de-ionized, as appropriate. Eight (8) milliliters of sample are mixed with fifteen (15) milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail.

The mixture is dark adapted and counted for tritium activity using a liquid scintillation counting system.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 12

4.6.3. Gross Beta A 200-250 milliliter sample is placed in a beaker. Five (5) milliliters of concentrated nitric (HNO3) acid is added and the sample is evaporated down to about twenty (20) milliliters. The remaining sample is transferred to a stainless steel planchet. The sample is heated to dryness and counted for gross beta in a gas flow proportional counter.

4.7. Soil 4.7.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The samples are sieved, placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, and weighed. The samples are then counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by a computer for specific radionuclides.

5. Nuclear Instrumentation 5.1. Gamma Spectrometer The Canberra Gamma Spectrometer consists of a Canberra System equipped with HPGe detectors having resolutions of 1.73 keV and 1.88 keV (as determined by full width half max with an energy of 0.5 keV per channel) and respective efficiencies of 21.5% and 38.4% (as determined by the manufacturer with Co-60). The Canberra System is used for all gamma counting. The system uses Canberra developed software to search, identify, and quantify the peaks of interest.

5.2. Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer A Beckman LS-6500 Liquid Scintillation Counter is used for tritium determinations.

The system background averages approximately 15-17 cpm with a counting efficiency of approximately 40% using a quenched standard.

5.3. Gas Flow Proportional Counter 5.3.1. The Tennelec LB5 100 is a low background gas flow proportional counter for gross beta analysis. The system contains an automatic sample changer capable of counting 50 samples in succession. Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of approximately 30% for Cs-137.

5.3.2. The Tennelec S5E is a low background gas flow proportional counter for gross beta analysis. The system contains an automatic sample changer capable of counting 50 samples in succession. Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of approximately 30% for Cs-137.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 13

6. Isotopic Detection Limits and Reporting Criteria 6.1. Lower Limits of Detection The lower limits of detection (LLD) and the method for calculation are specified in the PVNGS ODCM, Reference 4. The ODCM required a priori LLDs are presented in Table 6.1. For reference, a priori LLDs are indicated at the top of data tables for samples having required LLD values.

6.2. Data Reporting Criteria All results that are greater than the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) (a posteriori LLD) are reported as positive activity with its associated 2a counting error. All results that are less than the MDA are reported as less than values at the associated MDA. For example, if the MDA is 12 pCi/liter, the value is reported as <12.

Typical MDA values are presented in Table 6.3.

Occasionally, the PVNGS ODCM apriori LLDs may not be achieved as a result of:

. Background fluctuations

• Unavoidably small sample sizes

• The presence of interfering radionuclides Self absorption corrections

• Decay corrections for short half-life radionuclides

• Other uncontrollable circumstances In these instances, the contributing factors will be noted in the table where the data are presented. A summary of deviations/abnormal events is presented in Table 2.3 and includes a description of any sample results that did not meet a priori LLD requirements.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 14

6.3. LLD and Reporting Criteria Overview Making a reasonable estimate of the limits of detection for a counting procedure or a radiochemical method is usually complicated by the presence of significant background. It must be considered that the background or blank is not a fixed value but that a series of replicates would be normally distributed. The desired net activity is the difference between the gross and background activity distributions. The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distributions intersect as indicated in the diagram.

BACKGROUND GROSS If a sufficient number of replicate analyses are run, it is expected that the results would fall in a normal Gaussian distribution. Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of any particular deviation from the mean value. It is common practice to report the mean b one or two standard deviations as the result. In routine analysis, such replication is not carried out, and it is not possible to report a Gaussian standard deviation. With counting procedures, however, it is possible to estimate a Poisson standard deviation directly from the count. Data is commonly reported as the measured value + one or two Poisson standard deviations. The reported values are then considered to give some indication of the range in which the true value might be expected to occur.

A LLD is the smallest amount of sample activity that will yield a net count for which there is confidence at a predetermined level that activity is present. LLDs are calculated values for individual radionuclides based on a number of different factors including sample size, counting efficiency and background count rate of the instrument, the background and sample counting time, the decay time, and the chemical recovery of the analytical procedures. A minimum detectable activity value (MDA) is the smallest amount of activity that can be detected in an actual sample and uses the values obtained from the instrument and outcome of the analytical process.

Therefore, the MDA values may differ from the calculated LLD values if the sample size and chemical recovery, decay values, or the instrument efficiency, background, or count time differed from those used in the LLD calculation.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 15

The factors governing the calculation of the LLD and MDA values are discussed below:

1. Sample Size

2. Counting Efficiency The fundamental quantity in the measurement of a radioactive substance is the number of disintegrations per unit time. As with most physical measurements in analytical chemistry, an absolute measurement of the disintegration rate is seldom possible, rather it is necessary to compare the sample with one or more standards. The standards determine the counter efficiency that may then be used to convert sample counts per minute (cpm) to disintegrations per minute (dpm).

3. Background Count Rate Any counter will show a certain counting rate without a sample in position. This background counting rate comes from several sources: 1) natural environmental radiation from the surrounding materials, 2) cosmic radiation, and 3) the natural radioactivity in the counter material itself. The background counting rate will depend on the amounts of these types of radiation and the sensitivity of the counter to the radiation.

4. Background and Sample Counting Time The amount of time devoted to the counting of the background depends on the level of activity being measured. In general, with low level samples, this time should be about equal to that devoted to counting a sample.

5. Time Interval betwveen Sample Collection and Counting Decay measurements are useful in identifying certain short-lived nuclides. The disintegration constant is one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if the half-life is sufficiently short. To ensure the required LLDs are achieved, appropriate decay correction values are used to account for radioactive decay during transit time and sample processing.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 16

Table 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (a priori)

AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ WATER PARTICULATE or MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) GAS (pCi/m3 ) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet)

Gross Beta 4 0.01 H-3 2000*

Mn-54 15 Fe-59 30 Co-58, 60 15 Zn-65 30 Zr-95 30 Nb-95 15 1-131 1** 0.07 1 60 Cs-134 15 0.05 15 60 Cs-137 18 0.06 18 80 Ba-140 60 60 La-140 15 15 NOTES:

• If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 3000 pCi/liter may be used.

• • If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 15 pCi/liter may be used.

This list does not mean that only these nuclides are to be detected and reported. Other peaks that are measurable and identifiable, together with the above nuclides, shall also be identified and reported.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT. 2003 17

Table 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ WATER PARTICULATE MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) or GAS (pCi/m 3 ) (pCifliter) (pCi/kg, wet)

H-3 20,000*

Mn-54 1,000 Fe-59 400 Co-58 1,000 Co-60 300 Zn-65 300 Zr/Nb-95 400 1-131 2** 0.9 3 100 Cs-134 30 10 60 1,000 Cs-137 50 20 70 2,000 Ba/La-140 200 300 NOTES:

• For drinking water samples. This is a 40CFR141 value. If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 30,000 pCi/liter may be used.

• • If no drinking water pathway exists, a reporting level of 20 pCi/liter may be used.

The values in this table are (calendar) quarterly average values, as stated in the ODCM.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 18

Table 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ANALYSIS/ AIRBORNE VEGETATION NUCLIDE WATER MILK PARTICULATE or (pCi/kg, wet)

(pCi/liter) (pCifliter) GAS (pCi/m 3 )

Gross Beta 3 0.003 H-3 300 Mn-54 11 Fe-59 23 Co-58 12 Co-60 14 Zn-65 25 Zr-95 21 Nb-95 13 I-131 12 1 0.0 450 Cs-134 12 1 0.02 45 Cs-137 12 1 0.2b60 Ba-140 37 3 La-140 13 1 NOTES:

a - low level 1-131 is not required since there is no drinking water pathway b - Based on 433 m3 volume PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 19

7. Interlaboratory Comparison Program 7.1. Quality Control Program APS maintains .an extensive QA/QC Program to provide assurance that samples are collected, handled, tracked, and analyzed to specified requirements. This program includes appropriate elements of USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) - Effluent Streams and the Environment, Rev. 1. Included in the program are procedures for sample collection, preparation and tracking, sample analysis, equipment calibration and checks, and ongoing participation in an interlaboratory comparison program. Duplicate/replicate samples are analyzed to verify analytical precision and sample methodology.

Comprehensive data reviews are performed including trending of data where appropriate.

During 2003, APS and/or Eberline Services analyzed the following sample types under the interlaboratory comparison program;

• Beta/Gamma/ in Air Filter

• 1-131 in Air

• Beta in Water

• Gamma in Water

• Tritium in Water

• 1-131 in Milk

• Gamma in Milk 7.2. Intercomparison Results APS participates in a crosscheck program using vendor supplied blind radionuclide samples. Eberline Services participates in several crosscheck programs. Results for the interlaboratory comparison programs relevant to REMP sample media are presented in Table 7.1.

It was identified in February 2003 that Eberline Services did not perform interlaboratory cross-checks for I-131 in milk in 2002. This discrepancy was documented in the corrective action program as CRDR No. 2585801 (this was reported in the 2002 AREOR). Part of the corrective action was for Eberline to analyze a blind intercomparison milk sample with I-131. The performance of the corrective action was verified for 2003.

All crosscheck results reported in 2003 were within the established acceptance criteria.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 20

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nuclide PVNGS Certified PT Acceptance Accept/Reject Type Type Value Value 1 Umits 2 Water Iodine 1-131 22.0 20.8 17.3 - 24.3 Accept (ERA RAD-53) .

] [ J Tritium H-3 1170 1250 678- 1820 Accept Sample Analysis lNudide PVNGS Certified 1 PT Acceptance Accept/Reject Type Type Value value Umits 2 Water Mixed l[Co-60 40.1 37.4 1 28.7 - 46.1 l Accept (ERA RAD-52) Gamma Zn-65 J 63.2 60.3 j 49.9 - 70.7 Accept Ba-133 l 20.3 19.5 j 10.8 - 28.2 l Accept Cs-134 16.5 17.8 j 9.14 - 26.5 Accept Cs-137 48.1 44.2 j 35.5 - 52.9 Accept I The certified values are verified to meet criteria as established by NISTNVLAP in Handbooks 150 and 150-19 and the USEPA in National Standards for Water Proficiency Testing Studies Criteria Document (December 30, 1998).

2 "Acceptance limits' have been calculated per the requirements of the USEPA in National Standards for Water Proficiency Testing Studies Criteria Document (December 30, 1998). The 'PT limits are calculated at the 3 standard deviation limit.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 21

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nudide Known PVNGS sigma Resolution Ratio Accept/Reject Type Type Value Value =

Error l Mixed Water Gamma I-131 70 64 5.0 13 0.91 Accept E3541-111 Ce-141 168 168 8.0 21 1.00 Accept Cr-51 238 203 20.0 10 0.85 Accept Cs-134 88 75 5.0 15 0.85 Accept Cs-137 195 188 10.0 19 0.96 Accept Co-58 42 50 4.0 13 1.19 Accept Mn-54 63 59 4.0 15 0.94 Accept Fe-59 46 49 11.0 4 1.07 Accept Zn-65 90 98 7.0 14 1.09 Accept Co-60 157 159 8.0 20 1.01 Accept Tritium H-3 4463 3810 111.0 34 0.85 Accept E3545-111 Gross Beta 186 230 3.0 77 1.24 Accept E3540-111 Air Gross Beta 187 214 2.0 107 1.14 Accept E3542-111 Iodine Cart I-131 77 80 4.0 20 1.04 Accept E3543-111 Mixed Gamma Ce-141 154 158 7.0 23 1.03 Accept E3544-111 Cr-51 219 213 21.0 10 0.97 Accept Cs-134 80 77 6.0 13 0.96 Accept Cs-137 178 196 12.0 16 1.10 Accept Co-58 42 50 4.0 13 1.19 Accept Mn-54 57 63 5.0 13 1.11 Accept Fe-59 42 49 6.0 8 1.17 Accept Zn-65 83 100 7.0 14 1.20 Accept l Co-60 l 144 152 7.0 22 1.06 Accept PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 22

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nuclide Known PVNGS l sigma Resolution Ratio 'Accept/Reject Ty eTyeype__ aue V luTrrrype_________Value_______

_______Value _______ ________ErrorI__________

Mixed Water Gamma I-131 61 55 6 9 0.90 Accept E3989-111 Ce-141 189 200 10 20 1.06 Accept Cr-51 262 237 20 12 0.90 Accept Cs-134 127 110 7 16 0.87 Accept Cs-137 121 118 7 17 0.98 Accept Co-58 104 105 7 15 1.01 Accept Mn-54 162 173 11 16 1.07 Accept Fe-59 96 104 8 13 1.08 Accept Zn-65 184 192 11 17 1.04 Accept Co-60 145 148 8 19 1.02 Accept Tritium H-3 2290 1805 194 9 0.79 Accept E3993-111 Gross Beta 141 204 15 14 1.45 Accept E3988-111 Air Gross Beta 52 66 2 33 1.27 Accept E3990-111 Iodine Cart I-131 76 85 10 9 1.12 Accept E3991-111 Mixed Gamma Ce-141 108 125 8 16 1.16 Accept E3992-111 Cr-51 150 137 28 5 0.91 Accept Cs-134 73 67 5 13 0.92 Accept Cs-137 69 77 5 15 1.12 Accept Co-58 59 62 5 12 1.05 Accept Mn-54 93 107 7 15 1.15 Accept Fe-59 55 70 9 8 1.27 Accept Zn-65 105 125 9 14 1.19 Accept Co-60 83 89 5 18 1.07 Accept PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 23

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Nuclide Known Eberline sigma Resolution Ratio Accept/Reject Type Type Value Value Error Milk Mixed Gamma 1-131 84 84 2 42 1.00 Accept E3661-207 Ce-141 416 412 32 13 0.99 Accept Cs-1 34 88 77 9 9 0.88 Accept Cs-137 191 184 15 12 0.96 Accept Co-58 100 100 9 11 1.00 Accept Mn-54 163 160 13 12 0.98 Accept Fe-59 125 130 17 8 1.04 Accept Zn-65 162 152 18 8 0.94 Accept Co-60 111 104 10 10 0.94 Accept Sapl Analysis Nudide Known PVNGS sigma Resolution Ratio Accept/Reject Type TApe Value Value Error

• Milk Mixed Gamma 1-131 45 46 2.6 18 1.02 Accept E3806 Ce-141 38 35 1.4 25 0.92 Accept Cs-134 30 31 1.7 18 1.03 Accept Cs-I 37 22 24 1.5 16 1.09 Accept Co-58 32 30 1.7 18 0.94 Accept Cr-51 114 106 7.5 14 0.93 Accept Mn-54 24 22 1 22 0.92 Accept Fe-59 30 31 1.8 17 1.03 Accept Zn-65 46 50 2.2 23 1.09 Accept l Co-60 30 31 1.5 21 1.03 Accept

• calculated from PVNGS value/l sigma error value Acceptance Criteria 1 Resolution Ratio

<4 4-7 0.5-2.0 8-15 0.6-1.66 16-50 0.75-1.33 51-200 0.80-1.25

>200 0.85-1.18 From NRC Inspection Manual, Inspection Procedure 84750, "Radioactive Waste Treatment, And Effluent And Environmental Monitoring' PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 24

8. Data Interpretations and Conclusions Associated with the analytical process are potential random and systematic errors. Systematic errors can be caused by instrument malfunctions, incomplete precipitation, back scattering, and self-absorption. Random errors are beyond the control of the analyst.

Efforts are made to minimize both systematic and random errors in the data reported.

Systematic errors are minimized by performing reviews throughout the analysis. For example, instruments are checked routinely with radioactive sources, and recovery and self-absorption factors based on individual sample analyses are incorporated into the calculation equations where necessary. Random errors are reduced by comparing all data to historical data for the same site and performing comparisons between analytical results when available. In addition, when data do not appear to match historical results, analyses may be rerun on a separate aliquot of the sample to verify the presence of the activity. The acceptance of data is dependent upon the results of quality control samples and is part of the data review process for all analytical results.

The "plus or minus value" reported with each analytical result represents the counting error associated with the result and gives the 95% confidence (2a) interval around the data.

Most samples contain radioactivity associated with natural background/cosmic radioactivity (e.g. K-40, Th-234, and Be-7). Gross beta results for drinking water and air are due to natural background. Gamma emitting radionuclides. which can be attributed to natural background sources, are not indicated in this report.

Results and interpretation of the data for all of the samples analyzed during 2003 are presented in the following sections. Assessment of pre-operational and operational data revealed no changes to environmental radiation levels. There were no measurable radiological impacts on the environment due to PVNGS operations in 2003.

8.1. Air Particulates Weekly gross beta results, in quarterly format, are presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2.

Historical trend graphs are depicted in Figures 8.1 and 8.2. Gross beta activity ranged from 0.011 to 0.071 pCi/M3 . The associated counting error ranged from 0.001 to 0.003 pCi/M3 . Mean quarterly activity is calculated using weekly activity over a thirteen (13) week period. Also presented in the tables are the weekly mean values of all the sites as well as the percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) for the data. The findings are consistent with pre-operational baseline and previous operational results. Figure 8.2 shows the results of the gross beta in air from the pre-operational phase compared to the 1993-2003 gross beta in air results. As can be seen, the indicator sites trend consistently with the control site. The results are summarized in Table 11.1.

Table 8.3 displays the results of gamma spectroscopy on the quarterly composites. No Cs-134 or Cs-137 was observed.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 25

8.2. Airborne Radioiodine Tables 8.4 and 8.5 present the quarterly radioiodine results. No airborne radioiodine was observed in any of the samples.

8.3. Vegetation Table 8.6 presents gamma isotopic data for the vegetation samples. No gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.4. Milk Table 8.7 presents gamma isotopic and low level 1-131 data for the goat milk samples.

No 1-131 or other gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.5. Drinking Water Samples were analyzed for gross beta, tritium, and gamma emitting radionuclides.

Results of these analyses are presented in Table 8.8. No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were detected in any samples. Gross beta activity ranged from less than detectable to a high of 6.1 pCi/liter ( Chowanec residence, May composite).

8.6. Groundwater Groundwater samples were analyzed for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides.

Results obtained from the analysis of the samples are presented in Table 8.9.

No tritium or gamma emitting radionuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.7. Surface Water Surface water samples from the Reservoir and Evaporation Ponds were analyzed for tritium and gamma emitting radionuclides. The Reservoir contains processed sewage water from the City of Phoenix and is approximately 80 acres in size. The two Evaporation Ponds receive mostly circulating water from main turbine condenser cooling and are about 250 acres each. Results are presented in Table 8.10. 1-131 was observed in Evaporation Pond # I and #2 in each of three (3) monthly composite samples (10-14 pCi/liter) and five (5) of the Reservoir monthly composite samples (8-19 pCi/liter). 1-131 is a result of radiopharmaceutical 1-131 in the Phoenix sewage effluent. Low levels of Cs-137 (9-15 pCi/liter) were observed in Evaporation Pond #2 in two (2) of the monthly composite samples. These concentrations were consistent with previous results.

Tritium was routinely observed in Evaporation Ponds I and 2. The highest concentration in Evaporation Pond #1 was 1619 pCi/liter and the highest concentration in Evaporation Pond #2 was 1704 pCi/liter. Tritium was not identified in the PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 26

Reservoir. The tritium identified in the Evaporation Ponds has been attributed to plant gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant liquid releases.

WRF influent (Phoenix sewage effluent) samples collected by the WRF were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and tritium. The results, presented in Table 8.10, demonstrate that I-131 was observed routinely. The highest I-131 concentration was 88 pCi/liter (week of March 18th). The results are consistent with assays from the previous years. None of the samples analyzed indicated the presence of tritium.

Table 8.10 also presents gamma spectroscopy and tritium measurements of samples collected from Sedimentation Basin #2. This basin collects rain waters from site runoff and was dry for most of the year. Tritium was detected in six (6) samples ranging from 479 to 1137 pCi/liter. The tritium in this basin has been attributed to plant gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant liquid releases.

8.8. Sludge and Sediment 8.8.1. WORF Centrifuge waste sludge Sludge samples were obtained from the WRF centrifuge and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy. 1-131 in the WRF waste centrifuge sludge is consistent with historical values and, as previously discussed, is due to radiopharmaceuticals in the WRF influent. 1-131 was present in all fifty (50) samples ranging from 452 to 1935 pCi/kg.

In-i 11 was also identified in the sludge in thirteen (13) samples. The highest concentration was 72 pCi/liter. It was previously established that In-I I I is in use in the Phoenix area as a radiopharmaceutical. Results for WRF centrifuge waste sludge can be found in Table 8.11.

8.8.2. Evaporation Ponds #1 and #2 sediment A set of ten (10) Evaporation Pond samples, five (5) from each pond, indicated low levels of Co-60 and Cs-137 in Evaporation Ponds I and 2. The concentrations were consistent with historical values. Sample results can be found in Table 8.11.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 27

8.8.3. Cooling Tower sludge Sludge originating from the Units 3 cooling towers and/or circulating water canal was disposed of in the WRF sludge landfill during 2003. Sample results can be found in Table 8.11.

8.9. Data Trends Figures 8.1-8.5 present data in graphical format. Historical data are displayed for comparison where practical.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 28

TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 1st - 2nd QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units arc pCi/m3

1st Quarter (control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week# DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD (%)

I 31-Dec-02 6-Jan-03 0.033 0.030 0.029 0.026 0.025 0.031 0.029 0.026 0.026 0.028 9.7 2 6-Jan-03 13-Jan-03 0.053 0.054 0.054 0.044 0.047 0.051 0.055 0.050 0.052 0.051 7.1 3 13-Jan-03 21-Jan-03 0.041 0.041 0.039 0.037 0.036 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.039 4.5 4 21-Jan-03 27-Jan-03 0.040 0.045 0.042 0.044 0.039 0.041 0.043 0.045 0.042 0.042 5.0 5 27-Jan-03 3-Feb-03 0.042 0.047 0.041 0.040 0.042 0.038 0.035 0.038 0.037 0.040 8.8 6 3-Feb-03 10-Feb-03 0.032 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.025 0.028 0.028 0.028 0.029 0.028 6.6 7 10-Feb-03 18-Feb-03 0.026 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.028 0.027 0.024 0.024 0.026 5.2 8 18-Feb-03 24-Feb-03 0.031 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.031 0.037 0.030 0.032 7.1 9 24-Feb-03 3-Mar-03 0.013 0.012 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.014 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 7.7 10 3-Mar-03 10-Mar-03 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.026 0.024 0.026 0.028 0.025 0.025 0.026 5.3 11 10-Mar-03 18-Mar-03 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.033 0.030 0.035 0.034 0.032 0.032 0.034 6.6 12 18-Mar-03 24-Mar-03 0.025 0.025 0.027 0.024 0.023 0.027 0.024 0.025 0.025 0.025 5.3 13 24-Mar-03 31-Mar-03 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.025 0.021 0.034 0.023 0.023 0.023 0.025 15.0 Mean 0.033 0.033 0.032 0.030 0.029 0.033 0.031 0.031 0.030 0.031 4.1 2ndQ = u-rter.

(control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD (%)

14 31 -Mar-03 7-Apr-03 0.024 0.022 0.022 0.020 0.022 0.028 0.022 0.024 0.022 0.023 9.9 15 7-Apr-03 14-Apr-03 0.030 0.025 0.025 0.027 0.027 0.035 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.028 11.0 16 14-Apr-03 21-Apr-03 0.018 0.019 0.020 0.019 0.017 0.023 0.019 0.022 0.018 0.019 10.0 17 21-Apr-03 28-Apr-03 0.022 0.023 0.023 0.024 0.022 0.028 0.024 0.024 0.022 0.024 8.0 18 28-Apr-03 5-May-03 0.026 0.023 0.022 0.024 0.025 0.029 0.024 0.025 0.024 0.025 8.1 19 5-May-03 13-May-03 0.028 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.024 0.027 0.024 0.028 0.025 0.026 6.5 20 13-May-03 20-May-03 0.041 0.038 0.042 0.036 0.039 0.044 0.040 0.040 0.036 0.040 6.7 21 20-May-03 27-May-03 0.047 0.042 0.045 0.041 0.048 0.046 0.044 0.046 0.041 0.044 5.9 22 27-May-03 2-Jun-03 0.041 0.039 0.036 0.043 0.037 0.042 0.037 0.040 0;038 0.039 6.2 23 2-Jun-03 9-Jun-03 0.034 0.035 0.033 0.035 0.035 0.038 0.038 0.036 0.035 0.035 4.7 24 9-Jun-03 16-Jun-03 0.034 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.042 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.033 12.0 25 16-Jun-03 23-Jun-03 0.030 0.024 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.035 0.028 0.028 0 026 0.027 12.4 26 23-Jun-03 30-Jun-03 0.034 0.032 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.031 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.034 4.4 Mean 0.031 0.029 0.030 0.029 0.030 0.034 0.031 0.031 0.029 0.030 5.7 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 29

TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3rd - 4th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCUm3

,- 3rd Quarter (control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD (%)

27 30-Jun-03 7-Jul-03 0.034 0.034 0.036 0.035 0.034 0.036 0.038 0.033 0.029 0.034 7.3 28 7-Jul-03 14-Jul-03 0.038 0.037 0.040 0.041 0.039 0.034 0.038 0.037 0.036 0.038 5.6 29 14-Jul-03 21-Jul-03 0.046 0.044 0.045 0.047 0.047 0.045 0.045 0.043 0.041 0.045 4.3 30 21-Jul-03 28-Jul-03 0.043 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.043 0.042 0.041 0.043 0.044 0.043 2.5 31 28-Jul-03 4-Aug-03 0.036 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.034 0.034 0.033 0.034 3.4 32 4-Aug-03 12-Aug-03 0.038 0.039 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.036 0.041 0.040 0.039 0.039 3.7 33 12-Aug-03 19-Aug-03 0.045 0.043 0.044 0.046 0.040 0.041 0.043 0.042 0.039 0.043 5.4 34 19-Aug-03 26-Aug-03 0.029 0.029 0.032 0.034 0.031 0.032 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.032 5.7 35 26-Aug-03 2-Sep-03 0.031 0.031 0.030 0.031 0.030 0.031 0.031 0.033 0.030 0.031 3.0 36 2-Sep-03 9-Sep-03 0.038 0.037 0.034 0.036 0.036 0.032 0.036 0.040 0.035 0.036 6.4 37 9-Sep-03 16-Sep-03 0.036 0.035 0.033 0.037 0.036 0.037 0.035 0.035 0.030 0.035 6.3 38 16-Sep-03 23-Sep-03 0.040 0.044 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.039 0.039 0.039 0.037 0.040 4.9 39 23-Sep-03 30-Sep-03 0.040 0.040 0.039 0.041 0.039 0.042 0.041 0.040 0.038 0.040 3.1 Mean 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.039 0.037 0.037 0.038 0.038 0.036 0.038 2.4

-- - 4th Quarter.,

(control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean RSD (%)

40 30-Sep-03 7-Oct-03 0.047 0.047 0.042 0.047 0.044 0.044 0.047 0.047 0.043 0.045 4.5 41 7-Oct-03 14-Oct-03 0.036 0.039 0.036 0.037 0.036 0.032 0.039 0.036 0.034 0.036 6.1 42 14-Oct-03 21-Oct-03 0.054 0.061 0.052 0.058 0.054 0.047 0.057 0.057 0.051 0.055 7.7 43 21-Oct-03 28-Oct-03 0.057 0.059 0.055 0.054 0.057 0.051 0.056 0.050 0.033 0.052 15.0 44 28-Oct-03 4-Nov-03 0.036 0.037 0.037 0.036 0.036 0.035 0.039 0.033 0.036 0.036 4.5 45 4-Nov-03 10-Nov-03 0.039 0.042 0.034 0.034 0.035 0.033 0.035 0.034 0.035 0.036 8.2 46 10-Nov-03 17-Nov-03 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.034 0.028 0.033 0.032 5.2 47 17-Nov-03 24-Nov-03 0.033 0.037 0.030 0.034 0.032 0.030 0.033 0.027 0.031 0.032 8.9 48 24-Nov-03 2-Dec-03 0.048 0.048 0.042 0.046 0.046 0.043 0.045 0.034 0.043 0.044 9.8 49 2-Dec-03 9-Dcc-03 0.065 0.071 0.058 0.062 0.066 0.058 0.059 0.045 0.054 0.060 12.6 50 9-Dec-03 16-Dec-03 0.022 0.022 0.020 0.024 0.021 0.018 0.021 0.017 0.020 0.021 10.4 51 16-Dec-03 22-Dec-03 0.042 0.038 0.039 0.033 0.041 0.038 0.040 0.032 0.035 0.038 9.3 52 22-Dec-03 29-Dec-03 0.027 0.028 0.023 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.025 0.020 0.023 0.024 10.3 Mean 0.041 0.043 0.038 0.040 0.040 0.037 0.041 0.035 0.036 0.039 6.6 AnnualAverage 0.036 0.036 0.034 0.035 0.034 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.033 0.035 2.8 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 30

TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/m3 (control)

QUARTER Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site ENDPOINT NUCLIDE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

31-Mar-03 Cs-134 <0.0031 <0.0039 <0.0060 <0.0031 <0.0047 <0.0025 <0.0043 <0.0033 <0.0059 Cs-137 <0.0021 <0.0031 <0.0031 <0.0033 <0.0039 <0.0027 <0.0032 <0.0005 <0.0032 30-Jun-03 Cs-134 <0.0040 <0.0014 <0.0036 <0.0067 <0.0021 <0.0015 <0.0026 <0.0050 <0.0016 Cs-137 <0.0030 <0.0043 <0.0031 <0.0031 <0.0029 <0.0049 <0.0030 <0.0048 <0.0024 30-Sep-03 Cs-134 <0.0049 <0.0037 <0.0047 <0.0062 <0.0055 <0.0014 <0.0048 <0.0048 <0.0047 Cs-137 <0.0047 <0.0039 <0.0051 <0.0032 <0.0031 <0.0053 <0.0046 <0.0046 <0.0042 29-Dec-03 Cs-134 <0.0047 <0.0032 <0.0044 <0.0033 <0.0013 <0.0032 <0.0057 <0.0032 <0.0049 Cs-137 <0.0035 <0.0026 <0.0023 <0.0034 <0.0037 <0.0031 <0.0017 <0.0029 <0.0029 Quarterly sample results include all samples except those determined to be invalid.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 31

TABLE 8.4 RADIOTODINE IN AIR 1st - 2nd QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/M3 1st Quarter:. i -

(control) required LLD <0.070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

4 I 31 -Dec-02 6-Jan-03 <0.045 <0.042 <0.037 <0.037 <0.047 <0.055 <0.025 <0.051 <0.039 2 6-Jan-03 13-Jan-03 <0.029 <0.027 <0.021 <0.020 <0.027 <0.044 <0.026 <0.040 <0.034 3 13-Jan-03 21-Jan-03 <0.057 <0.030 <0.041 <0.029 <0.039 <0.027 <0.055 <0.033 <0.035 4 2 1-Jan-03 27-Jan-03 <0.054 <0.047 <0.067 <0.060 <0.067 <0.054 <0.061 <0.043 <0.050 5 27-Jan-03 3-Feb-03 <0.059 <0.059 <0.036 <0.047 <0.052 <0.068 <0.046 <0.045 <0.059 6 3-Feb-03 10-Feb-03 <0.048 <0.047 <0.058 <0.054 <0.036 <0.041 <0.043 <0.054 <0.032 7 10-Feb-03 18-Feb-03 <0.021 <0.026 <0.049 <0.038 <0.012 <0.025 <0.057 <0.033 <0.020 8 18-Feb-03 24-Feb-03 <0.045 <0.065 <0.067 <0.044 <0.069 <0.057 <0.064 <0.042 <0.046 9 24-Feb-03 3-Mar-03 <0.034 <0.069 <0.054 <0.033 <0.045 <0.033 <0.047 <0.041 <0.064 10 3-Mar-03 10-Mar-03 <0.035 <0.033 <0.043 <0.024 <0.037 <0.043 <0.046 <0.037 <0.050 I1 10-Mar-03 18-Mar-03 <0.049 <0.045 <0.032 <0.031 <0.063 <0.030 <0.055 <0.035 <0.037 12 18-Mar-03 24-Mar-03 <0.033 <0.046 <0.016 <0.053 <0.065 <0.047 <0.066 <0.045 <0.067 13 24-Mar-03 31 -Mar-03 <0.044 <0.040 <0.052 <0.057 <0.039 <0.065 <0.035 <0.046 <0.035 2nd Quarter . -  ;

(control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

9 14 31-Mar-03 7-Apr-03 <0.034 <0.012 <0.049 <0.026 <0.064 <0.041 <0.059 <0.025 <0.029 15 7-Apr-03 14-Apr-03 <0.061 <0.036 <0.045 <0.036 <0.062 <0.038 <0.052 <0.033 <0.069 16 14-Apr-03 21-Apr-03 <0.022 <0.042 <0.040 <0.037 <0.048 <0.029 <0.034 <0.039 <0.034 17 21-Apr-03 28-Apr-03 <0.044 <0.057 <0.049 <0.039 <0.065 <0.041 <0.055 <0.014 <0.069 18 28-Apr-03 5-May-03 <0.056 <0.033 <0.048 <0.029 <0.049 <0.034 <0.054 <0.028 <0.042 19 5-May-03 13-May-03 <0.022 <0.043 <0.023 <0.043 <0.037 <0.042 <0.023 <0.020 <0.019 20 13-May-03 20-May-03 <0.031 <0.029 <0.039 <0.031 <0.039 <0.031 <0.044 <0.027 <0.036 21 20-May-1 3 27-May-03 <0.060 <0.057 <0.044 <0.041 <0.043 <0.065 <0.050 <0.055 <0.034 22 27-May-03 2-Jun-03 <0.065 <0.056 <0.059 <0.039 <0.034 <0.052 <0.037 <0.061 <0.058 23 2-Jun-03 9-Jun-03 <0.046 <0.058 <0.054 <0.033 <0.060 <0.063 <0.041 <0.048 <0.042 24 9-Jun-03 16-Jun-03 <0.040 <0.052 <0.0 13 <0.042 <0.056 <0.029 <0.069 <0.033 <0.038 25 16-Jun-03 23-Jun-03 <0.024 <0.050 <0.037 <0.034 <0.053 <0.042 <0.032 <0.035 <0.038 26 23-Jun-03 30-Jun-03 <0.036 <0.037 <0.025 <0.022 <0.031 <0.049 <0.050 <0.040 <0.035 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 32

TABLE 8.5 RADIOTODINE IN AIR 3rd - 4th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• 3 t-'='--t...'!=-x--tYO7,eRi,_ s-5--F.:. w_ = _--: s_==-runits

__ .are. pCi/rm 3rd Quarter .' - _ .

(control) required LLD <0.070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week# DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

27 30-Jun-03 7-Jul-03 <0.028 <0.052 <0.047 <0.039 <0.036 <0.035 <0.040 <0.037 <0.034 28 7-Jul-03 14-Jul-03 <0.040 <0.047 <0.047 <0.026 <0.053 <0.007 <0.062 <0.032 <0.013 29 14-Jul-03 21-Jul-03 <0.031 <0.055 <0.047 <0.034 <0.055 <0.042 <0.055 <0.029 <0.046 30 21-Jul-03 28-Jul-03 <0.031 <0.027 <0.032 <0.035 <0.049 <0.033 <0.033 <0.023 <0.012 31 28-Jul-03 4-Aug-03 <0.046 <0.034 <0.056 <0.055 <0.048 <0.056 <0.059 <0.064 <0.054 32 4-Aug-03 12-Aug-03 <0.029 <0.042 <0.046 <0.038 <0.046 <0.027 <0.053 <0.024 <0.029 33 12-Aug-03 19-Aug-03 <0.047 <0.036 <0.046 <0.023 <0.047 <0.036 <0.032 <0.027 <0.066 34 19-Aug-03 26-Aug-03 <0.053 <0.037 <0.049 <0.068 <0.044 <0.062 <0.069 <0.037 <0.054 35 26-Aug-03 2-Sep-03 <0.062 <0.036 <0.037 <0.065 <0.053 <0.037 <0.061 <0.046 <0.048 36 2-Sep-03 9-Sep-03 <0.049 <0.038 <0.049 <0.041 <0.062 <0.034 <0.053 <0.044 <0.053 37 9-Sep-03 16-Sep-03 <0.038 <0.012 <0.046 <0.035 <0.042 <0.037 <0.059 <0.024 <0.045 38 16-Sep-03 23-Sep-03 <0.046 <0.053 <0.056 <0.036 <0.063 <0.036 <0.056 <0.031 <0.040 39 23-Sep-03 30-Sep-03 <0.047 <0.055 <0.047 <0.055 <0.067 <0.067 <0.043 <0.070 <0.014

' . , 4thQuarter-

-Quar-er (control) required LLD <0.070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

40 30-Sep-03 7-Oct-03 <0.044 <0.046 <0.053 <0.059 <0.033 <0.045 <0.060 <0.050 <0.055 41 7-Oct-03 14-Oct-03 <0.026 <0.037 <0.050 <0.031 <0.049 <0.039 <0.046 <0.037 <0.049 42 14-Oct-03 21-Oct-03 <0.046 <0.043 <0.045 <0.031 <0.046 <0.029 <0.046 <0.027 <0.055 43 21-Oct-03 28-Oct-03 <0.037 <0.051 <0.066 <0.035 <0.055 <0.036 <0.051 <0.036 <0.047 44 28-Oct-03 4-Nov-03 <0.036 <0.048 <0.046 <0.013 <0.050 <0.029 <0.046 <0.064 <0.063 45 4-Nov-03 10-Nov-03 <0.065 <0.015 <0.056 <0.064 <0.031 <0.015 <0.046 <0.052 <0.039 46 10-Nov-03 17-Nov-03 <0.032 <0.042 <0.034 <0.034 <0.060 <0.033 <0.055 <0.031 <0.034 47 17-Nov-03 24-Nov-03 <0.040 <0.049 <0.039 <0.039 <0.049 <0.042 <0.070 <0.035 <0.043 48 24-Nov-03 2-Dec-03 <0.051 <0.030 <0.028 <0.038 <0.053 <0.033 <0.036 <0.043 <0.037 49 2-Dec-03 9-Dec-03 <0.031 <0.048 <0.034 <0.049 <0.032 <0.060 <0.031 <0.052 <0.054 50 9-Dec-03 16-Dec-03 <0.026 <0.033 <0.033 <0.033 <0.012 <0.032 <0.068 <0.025 <0.057 51 16-Dec-03 22-Dec-03 <0.051 <0.057 <0.034 <0.014 <0.050 <0.057 <0.034 <0.014 <0.037 52 22-Dec-03 29-Dec-03 <0.040 <0.063 <0.045 <0.036 <0.052 <0.019 <0.062 <0.033 <0.013 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 33

TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/kg, wet

<60 <60 <80 LOCATION TYPE DATE 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137

• 0 COLLECTED CHOWANEC RESIDENCE No Samples Available (Site #52)*

.9 Lettuce 17-Jan-03 <46 <53 <60 Purple Cabbage 17-Jan-03 <37 <35 <47 DUNCAN Green Cabbage 17-Jan-03 <47 <42 <42 FAMILY Green Cabbage 12-Feb-03 <39 <42 <54 FARMS Purple Cabbage 12-Feb-03 <42 <47 <58 (Site #62)* Endive Lettuce 12-Feb-03 <46 <47 <56 Green Cabbage 12-Mar-03 <46 <51 <69 Purple Cabbage 12-Mar-03 <47 <30 <51 Green Cabbage 17-Apr-03 <47 <33 <42 Purple Cabbage 17-Apr-03 <45 <54 <42 Savoy Cabbage 17-Apr-03 <57 <47 <72 Green Cabbage 14-May-03 <40 <32 <37 Green Cabbage 17-Oct-03 <59 <52 <79 Escarole 14-Nov-03 <56 <31 <67 Red Cabbage 14-Nov-03 <41 <30 <45 Green Cabbage 14-Nov-03 <43 <59 <51 Escarole 12-Dec-03 <39 <51 <71 Endive Lettuce 12-Dec-03 <45 <37 <65 Red Cabbage 12-Dec-03 <48 <33 <50 I.

MCCOY Lettuce 17-Apr-03 <49 <55 <61 RESIDENCE (Site #47)*

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 34

TABLE 8.7 MILK ODCM1 required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE <1 <15 <18 <60 <15 LOCATION COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 23-Apr-03 NO SAMPLES AVAILABLE PAINTER 21-May-03 <0.2 <12 <9 <23 <12 GOATS 19-Jun-03 <0.3 <8 <7 <22 <9 (Site#51)* 24-Jul-03 <0.5 <11 <10 <27 <13 20-Aug-03 <0.6 <10 <10 <23 <11 17-Sep-03 <1.0 <1 <1 <3 <1 22-Oct-03 <1.0 <1 <1 <3 <1 21-Nov-03 NO SAMPLES AVAILABLE 17-Dec-03 NO SAMPLES AVAILABLE 23-Apr-03 <0.5 <13 <10 <28 <13 21-May-03 <0.3 <9 <8 <20 <10 19-Jun-03 <0.3 <10 <8 <25 <12 BARBER 24-Jul-03 <0.4 <6 <5 <13 <6 GOATS 20-Aug-03 <0.4 <7 <6 <15 <8 (Site #53)* 17-Sep-03 <1.2' <1 <1 <4 <1 22-Oct-03 <1.0 <1 <1 < <1 21-Nov-03 <1.0 <1 <1 <3 <1 17-Dec-03 <1.0 <1 <1 <3 <I Notes:

' Required LLD of 1.0 pCi/liter was not achieved. CRDR No. 2646728 was initiated to correct the deficiency.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 35

TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCNI required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter

<2000 SAMPLE MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 QTRLY <4.0 LOCATION ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 13a-140 La-140 H-3 Gross Beta 27-Jan-03 <12 <12 <25 <15 <29 <12 <22 <14 <12 <12 <45 <13 - : <2.8 24-Feb-03 <10 <10 <18 <13 <21 <11 <14 <8 <9 <11 <37 <14 L. <2.8 31-Mar-03 <14 <12 <24 <13 <30 <15 <21 <12 <13 <14 <39 <12 <268 <3.2 28-Apr-03 <10 <11 <29 <12 <28 <13 <21 <9 <12 <13 <37 <15 f-T] <2.8 BERRYMAN 27-May-03 <10 <11 <22 <11 <25 <12 <19 <11 <10 <11 <42 <15 L -u 2.8 +/- 1.8 RESIDENCE 30-Jun-03 <12 <15 <24 <13 <29 <14 <13 <12 <15 <15 <39 <15 <260 3.6+ 1.9 (SITE #48)* 28-Jul-03 <9 <10 <18 <11 <25 <9 <17 <9 <8 <10 <26 <13 f <3.6 26-Aug-03 <13 <13 <20 <15 <27 <13 <21 <12 <11 <12 <42 <13 E <3.2 30-Sep-03 <11 <9 <16 <10 <23 <13 <19 <9 <10 <12 <37 <15 <278 <3.0 28-Oct-03 <12 <11 <21 <12 <29 <14 <18 <12 <12 <13 <40 <10 F 3.2+/- 1.6 24-Nov-03 <12 <12 <20 <12 <29 <13 <19 <12 <11 <13 <43 <14 Lxig <2.7 29-Dec-03 <12 <12 <27 <15 <24 <14 <19 <11 <13 <13 <37, <12 <279 <2.8 27-Jan-03 <9 <10 <19 <12 <21 <II <16 <10 <10 <10 <33 <15 3.3 + 1.5 24-Feb-03 <11 <11 <18 <15 <26 <13 <20 <11 <11 <12 <43 <12 3.3+/-1.5 31-Mar-03 <14 <12 <25 <15 <25 <14 <22 <11 <10 <12 <45 <13 <269 3.2+ 1.7 28-Apr-03 <13 <11 <27 <12 <27 <15 <20 <11 <13 <13 <49 <14 3.4+ 1.5 GAVETTE 27-May-03 <9 <10 <18 <9 <22 <10 <16 <10 <8 <11 <32 <14 L j 3.8 +/- 1.5 RESIDENCE 30-Jun-03 <11 <14 <29 <14 <30 <15 <22 <13 <12 <10 <42 <14 <260 5.2+/- 1.5 (SITE #55) 28-Jul-03 <12 <11 <20 <10 <24 <12 <19 <10 <12 <11 <34 <14 [ <2.9 26-Aug-03 <12 <11 <23 <11 <28 <13 <17 <10 <10 <11 <36 <15 L  : <2.6 30-Sep-03 <11 <8 <29 <13 <24 <14 <20 <10 <9 <13 <39 <13 <278 <2.4 28-Oct-03 <9 <9 <19 <10 <24 <12 <16 <7 <9 <10 <32 <15 f',- 4.9+/-1.4 24-Nov-03 <10 <15 <23 <13 <30 <14 <23 <12 <11 <14 <48 <15L 1 3.7 +/- 1.6 29-Dec-03 <11 <9 <20 <13 <22 <12 <17 <10 <8 <11 <30 <15 <280 4.7+/- 1.6 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 36

TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCNI required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter

<2000 SAMPLE I MONT!! <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 QTRLY <4.0 LOCATION ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 Gross Beta 27-Jan-03 <13 <13 <29 <10 <29 <15 <23 <15 <12 <13 <41 <15 4.5 +/- 1.6 24-Feb-03 <11 <12 <21 <12 <30 <12 <22 <13 <11 <11 <47 <14 3.3+/-1.5 31-Mar-03 <11 <12 <23 <11 <27 <13 <21 <11 <11 <13 <40 <13 <268 <2.5 28-Apr-03 <13 <11 <24 <11 <30 <14 <20 <11 <11 <12 <45 <13 [...T 2.8 + 1.5 McARTHUR 27-May-03 <9 <9 <20 <9 <19 <9 <15 <9 <9 <9 <29 <11 L 2.8+/-1.4 RESIDENCE 30-Jun-03 <7 <9 <16 <11 <21 <10 <15 <9 <8 <9 <31 <13 <262 3.4+/- 1.4 (SITE #46)* 28-Jul-03 <13 <13 <25 <15 <27 <13 <24 <12 <12 <13 <43 <13 ' .71 <2.8 26-Aug-03 <13 <11 <25 <15 <25 <13 <23 <12 <12 <12 <40 <14 L <2.5 30-Sep-03 <13 <11 <23 <14 <28 <12 <22 <13 <11 <14 <44 <15 <274 <2.3 28-Oct-03 <13 <13 <24 <15 <30 <14 <22 <11 <12 <15 <43 <14  : -1 3.7 + 1.3 24-Nov-03 <9 <9 <18 <10 <19 <10 <15 <8 <8 <8 <29 <13 L _ 2.6+/- 1.6 I.

29-Dec-03 <11 <13 <20 <14 <29 <12 <21 <12 <12 <14 <46 <15 <279 <2.2 27-Jan-03 <14 <13 <28 <15 <25 <14 <20 <13 <11 <14 <43 <15 2.7 + 1.4 24-Feb-03 <12 <10 <24 <14 <24 <12 <21 <11 <12 <12 <35 <15 L - <2.2 31 -Mar-03 <12 <11 <28 <14 <29 <13. <20 <11 <12 <11 <48 <14 <268 <2.5 28-Apr-03 <11 <14 <21 <14 <26 <11 <18 <10 <10 <14 <40 <14 r-: :1 <2.2 CHOWANEC RESIDENCE 27-May-03 <15 <13 <29 <12 <30 <14 <22 <13 <12 <12 <47 <12 L- 1 6.1 + 1.6 30-Jun-03 <11 <13 <22 <15 <27 <12 <22 <12 <10 <12 <37 <15 <263 <2.1 (SITE #49)

• 28-Jul-03 <12 <12 <26 <15 <27 <11 <19 <11 <11 <12 <47 <15 r i " 2.8 26-Aug-03 <12 <9 <23 <12 <22 <9 <15 <9 <10 <12 <32 <15 LL-J <2.4 30-Sep-03 <10 <11 <23 <12 <29 <12 <21 <11 <9 <12 <26 <15 <277 <2.3 28-Oct-03 <13 <10 <29 <13 <30 <10 <19 <12 <10 <13 <44 <11 2.8 +/- 1.3 24-Nov-03 <13 <10 <23 <10 <30 <14 <22 <12 <11 <12 <40 <13 <281 <2.3 29-Dec-03 <12 <13 <27 <14 <29 <14 <24 <14 <13 <17 <47 <15 <281 c2.2 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 37

TABLE 8.9 GROUNDWATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 <2000 LOCATION COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 WELL 27-Jan-03 <9 <10 <20 <11 <20 <12 <15 <10 <8 <10 <38 <15 <285 27ddc 28-Apr-03 <13 <14 <26 <15 <30 <15 <22 <13 <12 <15 <48 <14 <283 (Site #57)* 28-Jul-03 <11 <12 <26 <10 <28 <13 <19 <12 <10 <14 <42 <15 <263 28-Oct-03 <13 <10 <29 <12 <27 <14 <19 <12 <12 <12 <41 <15 <273 WELL 27-Jan-03 <12 <11 <17 <12 <27 <14 <19 <12 <11 <11 <42 <15 <284 34abb 28-Apr-03 <12 <12 <24 <12 <23 <14 <21 <12 <8 <12 <40 <15 <282 (Site #58)* 28-Jul-03 <10 <11 <21 <14 <26 <15 <19 <11 <10 <11 <39 <15 <263 28-Oct-03 <12 <13 <30 <10 <28 <14 <25 <13 <13 <13 <51 <15 <276 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 38

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE I MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 <3000 LOCATION 4 ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 r-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 27-Jan-03 <11 <11 <22 <9 <17 <11 <17 12 + 10 <11 <12 <35 <14 24-Feb-03 <13 <13 <23 <11 <27 <12 <24 17+ 12 <12 <13 <43 <14 31-Mar-03 <13 <11 <25 <15 <28 <14 <21 19+/- 11 <11 <13 <46 <14 <270 28-Apr-03 <13 <11 <25 <11 <28 <11 <20 <14 <11 <12 <45 <15 77 RESERVOIR 27-May-03 <12 <11 <23 <13 <23 <11 <17 8+/-h 7 <10 <12 <35 <10 (Site #60)

• 30-Jun-03 <12 <12 <23 <14 <26 <12 <21 <15 <14 <13 <46 <11 <263 28-Jul-03 <10 <11 <28 <12 <26 <11 <19 <12 <10 <12 <42 <15 26-Aug-03 <12 <11 <21 <15 <25 <11 <18 11 + 10 <10 <10 <38 <11 L _

30-Sep-03 <12 <9 <23 <10 <27 <10 <21 <13 <9 <13 <41 <15 <282 28-Oct-03 <11 <10 <22 <9 <25 <12 <19 <11 <9 <11 <35 <15 L -

24-Nov-03 <14 <13 <25 <11 <30 <13 <20 <14 <11 <13 <48 4

29-Dec-03 <9 <10 <22 <10 <26 <11 <21 <10 <9 <10 <32 <15 <280 27-Jan-03 <13 <11 <27 <12 <29 <15 <20 <13 <11 <12 <41 <14 , , _, 1 24-Feb-03 <15 <14 <28 <12 <26 <13 <21 104 11 <10

<9

<14 <40 <13 - i.L 31-Mar-03 <11 <13 <23 <15 <29 <13 <19 14+/- 10 <13 <44 <14 774+/- 177 28-Apr-03 <12 <12 <26 <15 <25 <10 <21 10+/- 13 <11 <13 <39 <11FT7 EVAP POND 1 27-May-03 <13 <11 <27 <10 <30 <11 <21 <13 <10 <11 <41 <12 (Site #59)

• 30-Jun-03 <11 <11 <23 <13 <27 <12 <16 <12 <9 <12 <37 <10 1263+/-: 177 28-Jul-03 <14 <11 <29 <12 <29 <15 <26 <12 <12 <14 <41 <12 26-Aug-03 <12 <13 <30 <13 <27 <12 <22 <12 <11 <12 <37 <12 V3 30-Sep-03 <10 <11 <25 <9 <30 <13 <23 <11 <10 <14 <39 <13 1093 + 185 28-Oct-03 <11 <13 <26 <15 <27 <12 <21 <11 <11 <12 <39 <14 .

24-Nov-03 <10 <11 <25 <11 <30 <11 <20 <11 <10 <12 <38 <12 .-. ;J 29-Dec-03 <13 <14 <24 <15 <29 <12 <23 <13 <12 <14 <41 <12 1619+ 169 4

27-Jan-03 24-Feb-03

<10

<11

<10

<12

<20

<26

<15

<10

<22

<28

<11

<13

<19

<19

<9

<10

<9

<10

<8 9 + 10

<36

<39

<10

<15 WLz L i 31-Mar-03 <13 <10 <24 <15 <30 <12 <22 <13 <12 <16 <42 <14 1129+/- 183 28-Apr-03 <14 <13 <25 <11 <30 <11 <22 <11 <10 <16 <39 <12 ......

EVAP POND 2 27-May-03 <13 <12 <26 <12 <30 <12 <22 <10 <9 <14 <40 <15 ,.;

(Site #63)

• 30-Jun-03 <12 <12 <30 <12 <25 <11 <20 <12 <12 <16 <43 <13 1200 177 28-Jul-03 <12 <12 <26 <14 <30 <11 <20 <12 <11 <14 <40 <13 26-Aug-03 <12 <13 <22 <12 <30 <11 <21 <9 <11 15+8 <35 <14 -

30-Sep-03 <11 <9 <22 <13 <28 <9 <17 14+/-9 <8 <13 <31 <12 1486+/- 190 28-Oct-03 <10 <9 <24 <14 <27 <10 <18 12+/-9 <9 <13 <34 <9 r 24-Nov-03 <11 <11 <24 <10 <30 <10 <18 11 +/-8 <11 <15 <40 <13 ... .

29-Dec-03 <13 <12 <27 <12 <30 <12 <22 <12 <12 <16 <30 <9 1704 +164 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 39

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 H-3 4.

7-Jan-03 <12 <11 <24 <11 <27 <10 <21 <11 <11 <12 <36 <15 14-Jan-03 <11 <13 <24 <15 <29 <13 <20 26 + 13 <12 <15 <47 <14 21 -Jan-03 <15 <13 <24 <12 <30 <12 <18 43 +/- 11 <10 <12 <40 <12L 28-Jan-03 <10 <11 <24 <15 <27 <13 <24 17+/- 10 <12 <14 <47 <15 <291 4-Feb-03 <10 <12 <21 <13 <30 <13 <22 55 +/- 14 <10 <12 <38 <13 I 1-Feb-03 <14 <13 <21 <13 <30 <13 <25 42+ 13 <13 <15 <36 <10 18-Feb-03 <10 <7 <19 <12 <25 <9 <14 34 + 9 <8 <11 <32 <lo 8 25-Feb-03 <14 <15 <24 <13 <29 <12 <22 30+/- 12 <12 <14 <39 <10 <289 WRF 4-Mar-03 <14 <11 <22 <13 <27 <13 <24 45 +/- 13 <14 <14 <44 <15 INFLUENT I 1-Mar-03 <13 <10 <20 <15 <29 <14 <19 39 + 15 <11 <13 <42 <13 18-Mar-03 <10 <11 <21 <15 <30 <10 <20 88 + 17 <11 <12 <38 <11 L 25-Mar-03 <12 <10 <29 <15 <28 <12 <23 75+/- 17 <12 <12 <45 <14 <276 I-Apr-03 <12 <12 <27 <15 <27 <14 <21 48 +/- 14 <13 <13 <45 <13 8-Apr-03 <12 <12 <25 <13 <27 <12 <21 56+/- 17 <13 <14 <43 <15 15-Apr-03 <10 <12 <23 <14 <19 <11 <21 42 + 13 <11 <14 <42 <15 .

29-Apr-03 <14 <12 <23 <13 <30 <13 <22 53 +/- 14 <12 <13 <42 <12 <275 6-May-03 <13 <11 <26 <13 <23 <13 <23 22+ 13 <11 <14 <46 <15 13-May-03 <12 <12 <23 <11 <28 <14 <23 16+/- 11 <12 <14 <38 <15 .  :

20-May-03 <10 <12 <25 <11 <26 <11 <18 9+ 7 <9 <12 <40 27-May-03 <14 <15 <29 <11 <30 <14 <21 24+/- 13 <14 <16 <45 <12 <279 3-Jun-03 <10 <13 <26 <14 <23 <13 <23 23 + 14 <11 <15 <40 <15 10-Jun-03 <11 <14 <24 <15 <30 <13 <23 30+ 13 <13 <14 <45 <12 17-Jun-03 <12 <11 <20 <8 <26 <12 <16 25+/- 12 <10 <11 <34 <13 24-Jun-03 <11 <10 <23 <15 <26 <IS <21 38+/- 11 <11 <10 <43 <15 30-Jun-03 <12 <10 <18 <12 <18 <10 <18 39+ 12 <9 <11 <32 <15 <270 8-Jul-03 <12 <10 <21 <12 <30 <11 <18 22+/- 10 <11 <12 <37 <10 15-Jul-03 <11 <10 <22 <13 <29 <10 <19 9+/- 10 <10 <11 <38 <15 .t.

22-Jul-03 <12 <11 <24 <14 <29 <13 <21 <12 <10 <12 <34 <9 29-Jul-03 <11 <11 <20 <15 <23 <14 <19 12+/- 10 <14 <16 <44 <11 <271 12-Aug-03 <10 <13 <26 <13 <29 <12 <17 48 +/- 14 <12 <14 <38 <8 E'777 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 40

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE NVATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLFCTFD Mn-54 Co-5R Fe-S9 Co-60 Zn-65 Nh-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 11-3 19-Aug-03 <12 <12 <26 <11 <27 <15 <20 70 +/- 16 <13 <14 <41 <13 t l 26-Aug-03 <15 <15 <26 <13 <27 <15 <22 29+ 10 <13 <13 <48 <11 <284 WRF 2-Sep-03 <8 <9 <23 <11 <22 <12 <16 63 +/- 14 <8 <11 <31 <15 INFLUENT 9-Sep-03 <11 <12 <25 <15 <20 <13 <18 21 + 10 <12 <13 <41 <14 (continued) 16-Sep-03 <13 <11 <22 <14 <30 <14 <20 40 + 12 <11 <13 <40 <13 23-Sep-03 <13 <13 <24 <15 <29 <12 <23 33 + 13 <12 <12 <45 <10 30-Sep-03 <13 <11 <26 <15 <30 <15 <25 38 + 13 <12 <14 <33 <4 <282 14-Oct-03 <11 <12 <28 <14 <29 <14 <23 40 + 12 <10 <14 <40 <12 -  : -

21 -Oct-03 <11 <11 <19 <13 <20 <11 <20 <13 <13 <12 <39 <15 . ,-:;

28-Oct-03 <13 <12 <25 <13 <21 <12 <22 15+/- 11 <10 <12 <39 <15 <284 4-Nov-03 <12 <14 <25 <15 <30 <14 <21 18+/- 10 <11 <12 <41 <13 I l-Nov-03 <11 <11 <25 <13 <30 <14 <16 25 + 15 <11 <13 <44 <13 18-Nov-03 <12 <14 <26 <12 <26 <13 <23 <15 <11 <13 <39 <15 24-Nov-03 <9 <10 <22 <15 <28 <13 <21 76 +/- 15 <11 <13 <35 <15 <281 2-Dec-03 <11 <11 <22 <9 <29 <12 <21 40 +/- 12 <10 <13 <42 <12 9-Dec-03 <10 <9 <19 <9 <24 <9 <16 57 +/- 12 <8 <11 <31 <14 16-Dec-03 <9 <8 <19 <14 <19 <10 <15 40 4 10 <9 <9 <27 <12 22-Dec-03 <12 <12 <21 <9 <26 <11 <18 49 t12 <9 <11 <39 <14 .__.

29-Dec-03 <11 <10 <24 <15 <28 <13 <22 28 + 12 <10 <11 <38 <10 286 a

13-Jan-03 <11 <11 dl1 <15 <27 <11 dl1 <11 <10 <10 <41 <15 <287 21-Jan-03 <12 <8 <30 <12 <23 <10 <14 <9 <13 <12 <40 <15 <295 SEDIMENT. 18-Feb-03 <11 <10 <21 <10 <21 <10 <16 <9 <8 <10 <30 <12 <306 BASIN #2 24-Feb-03 <11 <11 <25 <11 <30 <11 <24 <11 <10 <12 <37 <11 <299 3-Mar-03 <13 <14 <29 <13 <27 <13 <23 <10 <13 <15 <49 <11 <295 10-Mar-03 <11 <12 <27 <13 <29 <14 <23 <12 <12 <14 <43 <15 <302 18-Mar-03 <10 <9 <18 <11 <21 <9 <17 <9 <8 <11 <30 <15 1137+/- 195 24-Mar-03 <13 <12 <24 <12 <28 <15 <24 <14 <13 <15 <43 <14 969 + 184 31 -Mar-03 <13 <11 <25 <14 <30 <14 <21 <11 <13 <15 <49 <15 1126+/- 193 7-Apr-03 <11 <11 <27 <12 <26 <12 <19 <10 <10 <12 <41 <15 1054+/- 190 14-Apr-03 <12 <12 <29 <12 <25 <15 <24 <11 <12 <13 <38 <14 921 +200 19-Aug-03 <11 <12 <24 <15 <27 <11 <20 <11 <11 <12 <35 <11 <284 26-Aug-03 <12 <10 <21 <14 <26 <11 <15 <8 <10 <9 <35 <15 <300 2-Sep-03 <11 <12 <28 <11 <26 <10 <24 <11* <13 <13 <41 <14 <291 9-Sep-03 <13 <9 <19 <15 <23 <10 <22 <11 <11 <11 <36 <14 479 + 174 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 41

TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/kg, wet SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 In-III 7-Jan-03 743 104 <28 <7 26 + 19 14-Jan-03 757 108 <20 <20 21-Jan-03 633 4 98 <32 <31 28-Jan-03 631 +/- 104 <37 <34 4-Feb-03 764* 108 <30 <33 I 1-Feb-03 843 4 118 <28 <39 18-Feb-03 628 : 90 <18 <19 25-Feb-03 511 + 83 <6 <32 4-Mar-03 668 100 <35 <23 11-Mar-03 844* 117 <21 <21 18-Mar-03 646

• 88 <25 <20 19

• 21 25-Mar-03 1168* 152 <32 <27 I-Apr-03 1449* 176 <23 <30 8-Apr-03 1918 225 <28 <18 33

• 32 15-Apr-03 1935 231 <24 <35 WRF 29-Apr-03 935*h 120 <23 <22 25* 16 CENTRIFUGE 6-May-03 1040

• 136 <26 <28 WASTE SLUDGE 13-May-03 1209

• 156 <25 <8 20

• 24 20-May-03 732* 102 <21 <30 22

• 35 27-May-03 1054 141 <19 <9 40

• 22 3-Jun-03 602 88 <26 <30 10-Jun-03 722* 101 <20 <21 17-Jun-03 1044* 124 <27 <26 24-Jun-03 741 113 <34 <39 33*25 30-Jun-03 812* 112 <6 <35 8-Jul-03 636 95 <31 <42 15-Jul-03 763* 113 <29 <24 36* 25 22-Jul-03 512 83 <23 <32 29-Jul-03 672 + 98 <27 <31 36* 30 5-Aug-03 568

• 77 <20 <29 12-Aug-03 524

• 84 <16 <28 19-Aug-03 827* 103 <20 <16 22*13 26-Aug-03 1268* 160 <26 <25 2-Sep-03 951

• 127 <17 <29 9-Sep-03 1203 154 <24 <17 16-Sep-03 814* 111 <30 <21 23-Sep-03 1150 134 <27 <26 30-Sep-03 833* 113 <26 <28 14-Oct-03 461 75 <24 <21 21 -Oct-03 869 117 <20 <25 72

• 28 28-Oct-03 559

• 83 <16 <21 37* 25 4-Nov-03 704

• 101 <32 <26 11-Nov-03 559 85 <24 <12 18-Nov-03 614* 91 <25 <27 24-Nov-03 452* 72 <25 <29 2-Dec-03 1349* 169 <25 <44 9-Dec-03 903* 113 <22 <26 16-Dec-03 1126* 148 <33 <29 22-Dec-03 652

• 86 <22 <23 29-Dec-03 708 101 <29 <40 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 42

TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by

• Units are pCi/kg, wet DATE SAMPLE LOCATION COLLECTED Co-60 Cs-134 Cs-137 (N) 19-Nov-03 31 4 9 <6 <8 (E) 23 +/- 9 <7 <8 EVAP POND I (S) <8 <9 (W) <8 <10 (C) <11 <14 (N) 19-Nov-03 <11 22+ 13 (E) <10 19+/- 11 EVAP POND 2 (S) <9 23 +/- 10 (W) 23+/- 11 <9 20+ 12 (C) <11 11+/- 14 (C) 31-Dec-03 <56 <44 61 + 35 (N) <53 <39 70 +/-44 Sedimentation Basin #2 (E) <46 <38 54 +/-43

<59 <46 <76 (W) <48 <35 80 +/- 33 COOLING TOWER SLUDGE DATE UNIT APPROXIMATE ISOTOPE ACTIVITY RANGE FRACTION OF SAMPLES VOLUME (yd3 ) (pCi/liter) ABOVE MDA 4-Jun-03 3 356 Co-60 <MDA-328 29 of 32 samples Cs-137 <MDA-55 14 of 32 samples PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 43

FIGURE 8.1 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES)

Gross Beta inAir 1993-2003 1.000 0.100 en 0.010 0.001 tn ' 0 '.0 t 00 a% _ q cn 0a a% 0s C% 0% ON 0% s 0 C> C) e c c 0 tj 0 u u 0 0 0 0

- - a 0 0 0 0m 0 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 44

FIGURE 8.2 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS) COMPARED TO PRE-OP control location --- Gross Beta in Air Part iculates- nrc-orerational (1981-1985) 0.100 X 1993

-*. 1994 0.090 1995 1 1996 0.080 - 1997

-1998 0.070 1999 1 2000 2001 0.060 2002

- a--- 2003 0.050 0.040 . _ _

0.030 1-- - * - __* l --

0.020 --

0.010 0.000 0s 0%k0 To

-t

• 1 t- 0nC W at)

• 0 (#2

.ci (#2 (En 2

Sm Surniple Location PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 45

FIGURE 8.3 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER 10 McArthur (site #46)

- Gavette (site #55)

Berryman (site #48) a) X___l-Chowanec (site #49)_l C,

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec NOTES: MDA values plotted as activity (e.g. <2.3 is plotted as 2.3)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 46

FIGURE 8.4 SOIL Cs-137 COMPARED TO ONSITE SEDIMENT BASIN #2 250 - 238 209 200--

"l 150

.5 U,

67 70 - 63 6 0 6

[L I 50 - 40 40 u-T _---

1976 1984 I0- _

1990 LLIJ 1992 I

1993 1994 1995 1996

- I---

1997 I<MDA 1998 I

2001 I

2002 I, _

2003 1

onsite onsite soil avg. soil avg.-

(Sedirnentation Basin #2 accepts site storm runoff, no otherganma emitters present)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 47

FIGURE 8.5 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 48

9. Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Results and Data The environmental TLD used at PVNGS is the Panasonic Model 812 Dosimeter. The Model 812 is a multi-element dosimeter combining two elements of lithium borate and two elements of calcium sulfate under various filters.

Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed in forty-eight locations from one to thirty-five miles from the PVNGS. TLD locations are shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. TLD locations are described in Table 9.1. TLD results for 2003 are presented in Table 9.2. TLD results for 1985 through 2003 are presented in graphical form on Figure 9.1 (excluding transit control TLD

1. 45).

Figure 9.2 depicts the environmental TLD results from 2003 as compared to the pre-operational TLD results (excluding indicator location #41 and 43 that were deleted and #46-50 due to no pre-op TLD at these locations for comparison). The site to site comparisons indicate a direct correlation with respect to pre-operational results. It is evident that the offsite dose, as measured by TLDs, has not changed since Palo Verde became operational.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT .2003 49

TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

TLD SITE LOCATION LOCATION DESCRIPTION 1 E30 Goodyear 2 ENE24 Scott-Libby School 3 E21 Liberty School 4 E16 Buckeye 5 ESEI I Palo Verde School 6* SSE31 APS Gila Bend substation 7 SE7 Old US 80 and Arlington School Rd 8 SSE4 Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.

9 S5 Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.

10 SE5 355th Ave. and Elliot Rd.

11 ESE5 3 3 9 th Ave. and Dobbins Rd.

12 E5 339th Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.

13 NI N site boundary 14 NNE2 NNE site boundary 15 NE2 NE site boundary, WRF access road 16 ENE2 ENE site boundary 17 E2 E site boundary 18 ESE2 ESE site boundary 19 SE2 SE site boundary 20 SSE2 SSE site boundary 21 S3 S site boundary 22 SSW3 SSW site boundary 23 W5 N of Elliot Rd 24 SW4 N of Elliot Rd 25 WSW5 N of Elliot Rd 26 SSW4 S of Elliot Rd 27 SWI SW site boundary 28 WSWI WSW site boundary 29 WI W site boundary 30 WMNWI WNW site boundary 31 NW1 NW site boundary 32 NNWI NNW site boundary 33 NW4 S of Buckeye Rd 34 NNW5 3 9 5 dh Ave. and Van Buren St.

35 NNW8 Tonopah 36 N5 Wintersburg Rd. and Van Buren St.

37 NNE5 3 6 3rd Ave. and Van Buren St.

38 NE5 355th Ave. and Buckeye Rd.

39 ENE5 3 4 3 rd Ave. N of Broadway Rd.

40 N3 Wintersburg 42 N8 Ruth Fisher School 44* ENE35 El Mirage PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 50

TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

TLD SITE LOCATION LOCATION DESCRIPTION .

45** Onsite Central Laboratory (lead pig) 46 ENE30 Litchfield Park School 47 E35 Littleton School 48 E24 Jackrabbit Trail 49 ENEll Palo Verde Rd.

50 WNW5 S of Buckeye-Salome Rd.

• Site #6 and site #44 are the control locations.

• • Site #45 is the transit control TLD (stored in lead pig).

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 51

TABLE 9.2 2003 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS Units are mrem/std qtr TLD Site # Ist Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Average 1 22.2 24.0 23.4 23.4 23.3 2 19.9 20.9 21.0 21.3 20.8 3 21.4 22.3 22.6 22.9 22.3 4 20.6 22.4 21.9 21.6 21.6 5 20.8 20.9 21.5 21.3 21.1 6(control) 24.1 24.9 25.5 25.3 25.0 7 23.1 24.4 24.0 24.7 24.1 8 22.4 22.9 22.2 22.4 22.5 9 26.3 26.0 25.8 26.2 26.1 10 22.0 22.4 22.7 22.7 22.5 11 23.2 23.9 24.1 24.4 23.9 12 22.2 21.8 22.4 22.1 22.1 13 23.9 23.4 24.0 23.5 23.7 14 23.0 23.3 23.7 23.8 23.5 15 22.4 22.4 22.7 22.9 22.6 16 20.2 20.8 21.3 20.9 20.8 17 23.8 23.1 23.6 24.5 23.8 18 22.3 22.2 22.4 22.8 22.4 19 23.4 23.8 24.4 23.7 23.8 20 22.4 22.4 23.0 23.1 22.7 21 24.2 24.2 24.1 24.2 24.2 22 24.9 25.1 25.5 25.4 25.2 23 21.2 21.5 21.9 22.2 21.7 24 21.7 21.3 21.1 22.1 21.6 25 22.4 22.1 22.7 22.9 22.5 26 24.6 27.2 25.9 27.3 26.3 27 25.2 26.5 26.4 27.0 26.3 28 23.8 25.4 24.4 25.9 24.9 29 22.9 24.8 24.6 24.7 24.3 30 24.1 24.9 24.7 24.8 24.6 31 22.0 22.8 22.4 23.0 22.6 32 23.2 24.8 24.3 24.0 24.1 33 24.1 26.0 24.3 25.7 25.0 34 26.3 27.5 27.0 26.0 26.7 35 27.8 30.5 29.2 29.1 29.2 36 24.5 24.0 24.2 23.8 24.1 37 22.5 22.8 22.4 22.5 22.6 38 26.0 27.6 25.7 26.6 26.5 39 22.5 23.6 22.6 22.9 22.9 40 22.6 24.4 24.3 24.4 23.9 42 24.9 26.0 25.3 25.6 25.5 44(control) 20.0 19.8 19.9 19.7 19.9 45 (transit control) 5.3 5.6 5.2 5.4 5.4 46 25.6 26.4 26.0 25.8 26.0 47 22.5 23.2 21.4 22.7 22.5 48 22.6 23.7 23.8 22.7 23.2 49 21.4 22.1 21.2 21.6 21.6 50 18.9 18.9 18.7 18.7 18.8 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT- 2003 52

FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES

-~ mRlstd qtr 30.0 BASELINE

---

10OYEARMEAN 28.0 +

26.0 +

I-o2 24.0 i- - - - -

A I-t I A - - I rI A- - i k-RA r

-I II-AIr

/ \

=

,A- l 22.0 20.0 ., u v kl- I 'i v v V v \ v 18.0 ,. .I . . I I . . . . . . . . . . . . . I I I . . . . . .

kn- tn %0w t- t-o 00 0%

oo o~ o - -n Cje en M td "- " %O %: oo W X- o-. fA. o I O7-I I .

N N

M e es x & i 6. 't 0 -L & , &X, , , V & fi &l &S

. . g t i0

6. oo a, !q 06

E x E vx :Mcx "7c _:6E vS (x : cx SE cx, vE I%S vE 6i 6E 6i SE JE CM 2~v%>_ S_ EXS :2 C PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 53

FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON - PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2003 35 30 Z.

an 25

. 20 5

= 15 en 0

x 10 o) 5 0

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 42 45 TJD Number TLD #41 monitoring location was deleted in June, 2000.

TLD #43 monitoring location was deleted in 1994.

TLDs #46-50 are not included since they were not included in the pre-op monitoring program.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 54

10. Land Use Census 10.1. Introduction In accordance with the PVNGS ODCM, Section 6.2, the annual Land Use Census was performed within five miles of Unit 2 containment in May-June 2003.

Observations were made in each of the 16 meteorological sectors to determine the nearest milking animals, residences, and gardens of greater than 500 square feet. This census was completed by driving the roads and speaking with residents.

The results of the Land Use Census are presented in Table 10.1 and discussed below.

The directions and distances listed are in sectors and miles from the Unit 2 containment.

10.2. Census Results Nearest Resident There were three (3) changes in nearest resident status. Refer to Table 10.1 for specific location changes. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.118 mrem.

Milk Animal There was one (1) change in nearest milk animal (goat) status. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.483 mrem.

Veictable Gardens There were three (3) changes in nearest garden status. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.296 mrem.

See Table 10.1 for a summary of the specific results and Table 2.1 for current sample locations.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 55

TABLE 10.1 2003 LAND USE CENSUS (Distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

NEAREST NEAREST NEAREST CALCULATED DOSE SECTOR RESIDENT GARDEN MILK ANIMAL (mrem) CHANGE (COW/GOAT) FROM 2002 N 1.55 1.79 NONE Resident 3.18E-02 Garden 1.80E-01 NNE 1.52 NONE NONE Resident 5.70E-02 Resident Garden Milk animal NE 2.16 NONE 3.91 Resident 1.08E-01 Garden Milk 4.83E-01 ENE 2.67 NONE 4.84 Resident 6.53E-02 Resident Milk 1.88E-01 Garden E 2.81 4.79 NONE Resident 7.97E-02 Garden 1.38E-O1 l ESE 3.17 3.85 NONE Resident 8.62E-02 Garden 2.96E-01 SE 4.10 NONE NONE Resident 7.46E-02 l SSE NONE NONE NONE NA S NONE NONE NONE NA Resident SSW NONE NONE NONE NA SW 1.39 NONE NONE Resident 1.18E-01 _l WSW 0.75 NONE NONE Resident 7.59E-02 W 0.70 NONE NONE Resident 4.42E-02 l WNW 2.67 NONE NONE Resident 7.1 1E-03 NW 1.12 NONE NONE Resident 2.14E-02 NNW 1.30 3.49 NONE Resident 2.04E-02 Garden 4.611E-02 COMMENTS:

Dose calculations were performed using the GASPAR code and 2002 meteorological data and source term. Dose reported for each location is the total for all three PVNGS Units and is the highest individual dose identified (organ, bone, total body, or skin).

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 56

11. Summary and Conclusions The conclusions are based on a review of the radio assay results and background gamma radiation measurements for the 2003 calendar year. Where possible, the data were compared to pre-operational sample data.

All sample results for 2003 are presented in Tables 8.1-8.11 and do not include observations of naturally occurring radionuclides, with the exception of gross beta in air and gross beta in drinking water. Table 11.1 summarizes the ODCM required samples and is in the format required by the NRC BTP on Environmental Monitoring.

1-131 concentrations identified on occasion in the Evaporation Ponds, WRF Influent, WRE Centrifuge sludge, and Reservoir is the result of offsite sources and appears in the effluent sewage from Phoenix. The levels of 1-131 detected in these locations are consistent with levels identified in previous years.

Tritium concentrations identified in surface water onsite have been attributed to PVNGS gaseous effluent releases and secondary plant releases. These concentrations are consistent with historical values.

Natural background radiation levels are consistent with measurements reported in previous Pre-operational and Operational Radiological Environmental annual reports, References I and 2.

There were ino measurableradiologicalimpacts on the environment due to PVNGS operationsin 2003.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 57

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2003 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (Ma Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)a Distance and Range Mean(f) Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Direct Radiation TLD - 192 NA 23.6 (180/180) Site 035 29.2 (4/4) 22.4 (8/8) 0 (mrem/std. qtr.) 18.7-30.5 8 miles 3350 27.8 -30.5 19.7-25.5 Air Particulates Gross Beta -468 0.010 0.035 (416/416) Site #4 0.036 (52/52) 0.036 (52/52) 0 (pCi/m3) 0.011 - 0.066 16 miles 90° 0.013 - 0.065 0.012 - 0.071 Gamma Spec.

Composite- 36 Cs-134 0.05 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Cs-137 0.06 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Air Radioiodine Gamma Spec. - 468 (pCi/m) 1-131 0.07 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Broadleaf Gamma Spec. - 20 Vegetation 1-131 60 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 (pCi/Kg-wet) Cs-134 60 <LLD NA. <LLD <LLD 0 Cs-137 80 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Groundwater 11 8 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter)

Gamma Spec. - 8 Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-58 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 58

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2003 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (fM Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)' Distance and Range Mean (a) Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Groundwater 1-131 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter) Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0

-continued- Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Gross Beta - 48 4.0 (22/48) Site #49 (3/12) NA 0 2.6-6.1 2miles 0° 2.7-6.1 H 16 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Gamma Spec. - 48 Drinking Water Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter) Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 1-131 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 59

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2003 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (Ms Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f) Distance and Range Mean (f) Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Gamma Spec. - 15 1-131 1.0 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0t Milk Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0, (pCi/liter) Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Gamma Spec. - 36 Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-58 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Surface Water T-131 15 13(11/36) Site #60 13(5/12) NA 0 (pCiAiter) 8-19 Onsite 670 8-19 Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-137 18 12 (2/36) Site #63 12 (2/12) NA 0 9-15 Onsite 1800 9-15 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2003 60

TABLE 1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2003 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (fM Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)' Distance and Range Mean (f)M Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Surface Water H 12 3000 1284 (8/12) Site #63 1380(4/4) NA 0 (pCiAiter) 774- 1704 Onsite 1800 1129- 1704

-continued-(a) Mean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated in parentheses. (1)

NOTE: Miscellaneous samples that are not listed on Tables 2.1 and 9.1 (not ODCM required) are not included on this table.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 61

12. References

1. Pre-Operational Radiological Monitoring Program, Summary Report 1979-1985.

2. 1985-2002 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Reports, Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station.

3. Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Technical Specifications and the Technical Reference Manual (TRM).

4. Offsite Dose Calculation Manual, PVNGS Units 1, 2, and 3.

5. Regulatory Guide 4.8, Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants.

6. NRC Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, November 1979.

/

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2003 62