A04598, Rev 0 to CA04598, Halon CR Chemical Habitability
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J EN-1-100 Engineenng Services Process Overview Revision 10 Page 105 of153 ATTACHMENT 19, CALCULATION COVER SHEET INITIATION (Control Doc Type - DCALC)
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i CA04598 Rev.0 Page 2
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- 2. LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES Page Latest Page Latest Page Latest Page Latest Page Latest Rev Rev Rev Rev Rev 001 0 002 0 003 0 004 0 005 0 006 0 007 0 008 0 009 0 010 0 011 0 012 0 013 0 014 0 015 0 016 0 017 0 018 0 019 0 020 0 021 0 022 0 023 0 024 0 025 0 026 0 027 0 028 0 029 0 030 0 031 0 032 0 033 0 034 0 035 0 036 0 037 0 038 0 039 0 040 0 041 0 042 0 043 0 044 0 045 0 046 0 047 0 048 0 049 0 050 0 051 0 052 0 053 0 054 0 055 0 056 0 057 0 058 0 059 0 060 0 061 0 062 0 063 0 064 0 065 0 066 0 067 0 068 0 069 0 070 0 071 0 072 0 073 0 074 0 075 0 076 0 077 0 078 0 079 0 080 0 081 0 082 0 083 0 084 0 085 0 086 0 087 0 088 0 089 0 090 0 091 0 092 0 093 0 094 0 095 0 096 0 097 0 098 0 099 0 100 0 101 0 102 0 103 0 104 0 105 0 106 0 107 0 108 0 109 0 110 0 111 0 112 0 113 0 114 0 115 0 116 0 117 0 118 0 119 0 120 0 121 0 122 0 123 0 124 0 125 0 126 0 127 0
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 3
- 3. REVIEWER COMMENTS 1
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CA04598 Rev.0 Page 4 1
- 4. TABLE OF CONTENTS 01.COVERSHEET....................................................................................................................I
- 02. LI ST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES........................................................................................... 2
- 03. REVIEWER COMM ENTS............................................................................................... 3
- 04. TAB LE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................. 4
- 05. PURPOSE............................................................................................................................5 06.INPUTDATA......................................................................................................................6
- 07. TEC HNICAL AS SUMPTIONS......................................................................................... 7
- 08. REFERENCES....................................................................................................................8
- 09. M ETH OD S O F ANALYS IS............................................................................................ 9 1 0. C A L C U L ATI ON S...........................................................................................
- 11. DOCUMENTATION OF COMPUTER CODES............................................................12 12.RESULTS........................................................................................................................13 1 3. C ON C LU S I ON S................................................................................................
- 14. ATTA C HM ENTS..................................................................................................
ATTACHMENT A: CONTROL ROOM VOLUME EXCEL SPREADSHEET...............15 ATTACHMENT B: UFSAR TABLE 9.20 SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS...........................17 ATTACHMENT C: TELEPHONE CONFERENCE MEMORANDUM........................... 24 A'ITACHMENT D: STP-F-492 HALON WEIGHT VERIFICATION........................ 25 ATTACHMENT E: SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 013 FIRE PROTECTION....................... 55 ATTACHMENT F: MSDS FOR HALON 1301.................................................................60 ATTACHMENT G:NFPA 12A HALON 1301..............................................................67 ATTACHMENT H: BGE DRAWING 60714SH0004...................................................126 LAST PAGE OF REPORT................................................................................................ 12 7 l
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 5
- 5. PURPOSE 10CFR50 App.A GDC.19 (Ref.1) requires that a control room be provided, from wbbh actions can be taken to operate the nuclear power plant safely under normal conditions and to maintain it in a safe condition under accident conditions. Release of hazardous chemicals can potentially result in the control room becoming uninhabitable. Thus the NRC require. auch utility to assess the habitability of the control room during and after a postulated external release of hazardous chemicals based on the chemical toxicity limit, vaporization rate, and the relevant atmospheric dispersion coefficients (Ref.2). The explosion and flammability hazard of these chemicais must also be addressed (Ref.2).
The CCNPP control room envebpe (Att.A) currently includes the control room proper, the technical su 3 port center (TSC), Uie Units 1 and 2 cable s areading rooms (CSR), the kitchen, the Units 1 anc 2 DAS computer rooms (DASCR), and tie central alarm station (CAS) room.
CCNPP proposes to isole room A512 from the outside environment and to incorporate the room within the control room envelope. This modified control room configuration will decrease the absolute magnitude of the control room inleakage and shift the inleakage point to the west road inlet plenum (Refs.3-4). Per UFSAR Table 9-20 (Att.B), the Units 1 and 2 CSRs and DASCRs have Halon 1301 fire suppression systems. Thus, it is necessary to perform a chemical habitability analysis on the halon 1301, which could be released into the control room in case of a fire. Atts.C-D (Ref.19) indicate that the Units 1 and 2 DAS computer rooms each have 132 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 132 lbm in the reserve tanks and that the Unit 1 CSR has 2271 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2271 lbm in the reserve tanks. The Unit 2 CSR has 2084 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2084 lbm in the reserve tanks. Upon activation, either the main or reserve tanks will discharge into their respective rooms, but not both. The above masses may not be exact weights. The design calls for minimum weight of Halon. When the bottles are filled, typically a couple of extra pounds are added. Thus a 10%
margin will be added to the maximum weight above to yield 2500 lbm of halon 1301 released after a fire. Results indicate that halon 1301 can be utilized in the control room ventilation system without constituting a toxicological or fire hazard to the control room following a worst case accident for the current or modified control room configuration.
The results of the toxicity calculations for 2500 lbm of halon 1301 are as follows:
Peak Concentration Current Configuration 2.82 v/o Modified Configuration 2.82 v/o Toxicity Limit (TCLo) 5.00 v/o Note that under the current and modified configurations, the peak control room concentration under worst case conditions is less than TCLo, the lowest concentration to which humans or animals have been exposed for any given period of time that has produced any toxic effect.
Halon 1301 will not pose a fiammability or explosion hazard, since the gas is non-flammable and non-explosive per Refs.9 and 10.
The current calculation incorporates many assumptions which make these results conservative.
(1) The control room volume conservatively neg;ects dead spaces in the control room ceiling and the volume of room A512.
(2) All 2500 lbm of halon 1301 is immediately assumed to flash to vapor.
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 6
- 6. INPUT DATA The following input data is incorporated into this work:
(01) Chemical data for halon 1301 (Trifluorobroiaomethane):.
CAS number 75-63-8 Refs.9,10 Chemical formula CBrF Refs.9,10 3
Toxicity Limit TCLo (v/o) 5.
Ref.16 Mass (Ibm) 2500 Atts.C-D Molecular weight (gm/ mole) MB 148.93 Refs.9,16 Flash Point (Degrees F)
Non-flammable Refs.9,10 Lower explosion limit (Vol%)
Non-flammable Refs.9,10 (02) The updated control room volume of 234157 ft' was extracted from Ref.18 (Att.A). This does not include dead spaces in the control room ceiling and the volume of room A512.
(03) Control room inleakage for the modified configuration is extracted from Refs. 3-4 and is defined as 3000 cfm.
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CA04598 Rev.0 Page 7
- 7. TECHNICAL ASSUMPTIONS
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The following technical assumptions were utilized in this work:
(01) Atts.C-D (Ref.19) indicate that the Units 1 and 2 DAS computer rooms each have 132 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 132 lbm in the reserve tanks and that the Unit 1 CSR has 2271 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2271 lbm in the reserve tanks. The Unit 2 CSR has 2084 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2084 lbm in the reserve tanks. Upon activation, either the main or reserve tanks will discharge into their respective rooms, but not both. The above masses may not be exact weights. The design calls for minimum weight of Halon. When the bottles are filled, typically a couple of extra pounds are added. Thus a 10%
margin will be added to the maximum weight above to yield 2500 lbm of halon 1301 released after a fire.
(02) Per Ref.15 in a postulated accident, it is assumed that the entire contents of the control room ventilation system is released and immediately flashes to vapor.
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CA04598 Rev.0 Page 8
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- 8. REFERENCES (01)" Control Room",10CFR50, Appendix A, General Design Criterion 19.
(02)" Assumptions for Evaluating the Habitability of a Nuclear Power Plant Control Room During a Postulated Hazardous Chemical Release", Regulatory Guide 1.78,6/74.
(03)" Response to RAI: Accident Dose Analysis and Control Room Habitability Analysis for the MHA, FHA, and CEAEE", NRC-98-044.
(04)" Response to RAI: Control Room Habitability Analyses and MSLB Analyses", NRC 018.
(05)" Hazardous Chemicals Data Book", Second Edition, Edited by G. Weiss, Noyes Data Corporation.
(06)"OtTsite and Control Room Doses Following a LOCA", Bechtel Calculation ~ M-89-33 Rev.3,7/9/91.
(07) " Fan Performance Curve", BGE DWG 12782-35, Rev.0.
(08)" Control Room Temperature During Normal and Emergency Recirculation Modes of Operation", Bechtel Calculation M-91-24,11/9/92.
(09)" SAX's Dangerous Properties ofIndustrial Materials", Ninth Edition, Richard J. Lewis Sr.
(10) MSDS for Halon 1301,12/17/90 (Att.F)
(11) "The Merck Index", Eleventh Edition,1989.
(12)" CRC Handbook of Physics and Chemistry",66th Edition,1985-1986.
(13)" Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods, Environmental Behavior of Organic Compounds", W.Lyman, W.Reehl, and D.Rosenblatt, McGraw Hill 1982.
(14) " Flow of Fluids through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe", Crane Technical Paper No.410,1988.
(15)" Toxic Vapor Concentrations in the Control Room Following a Postulated Accidental Release", NUREG-0570,6/79.
(16)" National Fire Codes",1997 Edition (Att.G)
(17)" Plant Fire Protection & Halon Fire Suppression System", BGE Drawing 60714SH0004, Rev.12 (Att.H)
(18)"Modeling of the Control Room / Cable Spreading Room HVAC System Using GOTHIC Software", CA02725,1/8/97 (Att.A)
(19)"Halon System Storage Tank Level & Pressure Verification", STP-F-492-0,10/10/90 (Att.D)
(20) " Fire Protection System Description", System Descriptian No. 013,7/7/98 (Att.E) 1 i
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 9
- 9. METHOD OF ANALYSIS This work assumes that the entire inventory of 2500 lbm of halon 1301 from the main or reserve tanks of the Unit 1 or 2 Cable Spreading Room is released into the control room envelope and immediately flashes to vapor.
(01) Att.C indicates that the Units 1 and 2 DAS computer rooms each have 132 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 132 lbm in the reserve tanks and that the Unit 1 CSR has 2271 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2271 lbm in the reserve tanks. The Unit 2 CSR has 2084 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2084 lbm in the reserve tanks. Upon activation, either the main or reserve tanks will discharge into their respective rooms, but not both. The above masses may not be exact weights. The design calls for minimum weight of Halon. When the bottles are filled, typically a couple of extra pounds are added. Thus a 10% margin will be added to the maximum weight above to yield 2500 lbm of halon 1301 released after a fire.
To verify the halon 1301 masses in the Unit I and 2 Cable Spreading Rooms, these masses were compared against the results of Ref.19 (Att.D).
Unit 1 Cable Spreading Room Unit 1 Cable Spreading Room Main Tank Reserve Tank Tank Weight (Lbm)
Tank Weight (Lbm) 2725 341.22 1005 328.33 2709 282.22 2971 220.00 2707 336.96 6426 336.80 243 343.64 2974 343.14 3895 205.63 2970 210.69 2718 272.14 2726 200.00 3901 211.07 2736 212.22 2701 280.00 480 280.00 Total 2272.88 Total 2131.18 Unit 2 Cable Spreading Room Unit 2 Cable Spreading Room Main Tank Reserve Tank
(
Tank Weight (Lbm)
Tank Weight (Lbm) 2716 341.56 2724 363.33 2722 340.38 2715 271.67 i
2719 339.00 2717 341.18 2721 270.00 2735 278.33 2700 280.00 2705 275.20 2723 273.46 2975 274.00 2973 275.17 2708 342.11 Total 2119.57 Total 2145.82 L.
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 10 Per Ref.20', the Unit 2 CSR has seven manifolds each consisting of a main and a reserve cylinder.
The Unit 1 CSR has eight manifolds. Selection for the main or reserve system can be made at the control panel by two key-operated selector switches (one for each unit) which are located in the vestibule area to the CSRs. A block drawing of the CSR halon fire suppression system is shown in Ref.17.
(02) Halon 1301 Concentration Inside the Control Room:
The concentration of halon 1301 in the control room envelope assuming a homogeneous mixture is calculated as follows:
VD(gm/m') = (2500 lbm) * (4j3.592379 gm/lbm) / (234157 ft') / (0.3048 m/ft)'
= 171.0227 gm/m VPPM(ppm) = (24500 /148.93)
- VD
= 28134 PPM = 2.82 v/o (03) Explosion and Flammability Limits.
Comparison of the maximum concentration of the relevant toxic chemical concentration inside the control room should yield a limiting value with which to compare against the explosion and flammability limits.
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CA04598 Rev.0 Page 11
- 10. CALCULATIONS Same as Methods of Analysis.
E CA04598 Rev.0 Page 12
- 11. DOCUMENTATION OF COMPUTER CODES This work uses no computer codes or spreadsheets.
z CA04598 Rev.0 Page 13
- 12. RESULTS The CCNPP control room envelope (Att.A) currently includes the control room prowr, the technical support center (TSC), the Units 1 and 2 cable ::nreading rooms (CSR), the kitcien, the Units-1 anc 2 DAS computer rooms (DASCR), and tl1e central alarm station (CAS) room.
CCNPP proposes to isolate room A512 from the outside environment and to incorporate the room within the control room envelope. This modified control room configuration will decrease the absolute magnitude of the control room inleakage and shift the inleakage point to the west road inlet plenum (Refs.3-4). Per UFSAR Table 9-20 (Att.B), the Units 1 and 2 CSRs and DASCRs have Halon 1301 fire suppression systems. Thus, it is necessary to perform a chemical habitability analysis on the halon 1301, which could be released into the control room in case of a fire. Atts.C-D (Ref.19) indicate that the Units 1 and 2 DAS computer rooms each have 132 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 132 lbm in the reserve tanks and that the Unit 1 CSR has 2271 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2271 lbm in the reserve tanks. The Unit 2 CSR has 2084 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2084 lbm in the reserve tanks. Upon activation, either the main or reserve tanks will discharge into their respective rooms, but not both. The above masses may not be exact weights. The design calls for minimum weight of Halon. When the bottles are filled, typically a couple of extra pounds are added. Thus a 10%
margin will be added to the maximum weight above to yield 2500 lbm of halon 1301 released after a fire. Results indicate that halon 1301 can be utilized in the control room ventilation system without constituting a toxicological or fire hazard to the control room following a worst case accident for the current or modified control room configuration.
The results of the toxicity calculations for 2500 lbm of halon 1301 are as follows:
Peak Concentration Current Configuration 2.82 v/o Modified Configuration 2.82 v/o Toxicity Limit (TCLo) 5.00 v/o Note that under the modified configuration with the control room in a pe,rpetual recirculation mode and under the current configuration, the peak control room concentration under worst case conditions is less than TCLo, the lowest concentration to which humans or animals have been exposed for any given period of time that has produced any toxic effect.
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i CA04598 Rev.0 Page 14
- 13. CONCLUSIONS
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Note that under the current and modified configurations, the peak control room concentration under worst case conditions is less than TCLo, the lowest concentration to which humans or animals have been exposed for any given period of time that has produced any toxic effect.
Halon 1301 will not pose a flammability or explosion hazard, since the gas is non-flammable and non-explosive per Refs.9 and 10.
The current calculation incorporates many assumptions which make these results conservative.
(1) The control room volume conservatively neglects dead spaces in the control room ceiling and the volume ofroom A512.
(2) All 2500 lbm of halon 1301 is immediately assumed to flash to vapor.
. CA04598 Rev.0 Page 15
- 14. ATTACHMENTS ATTACHMENT A CONTROL ROOM VOLUME EXCEL SPREADSHF'RT l
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m CRVOL CA045g8 REV O PAGEf(,
Volume Volume Volume ft^3
- ft^3 -
ft^3' Control Room Lower 66261 66261-66261 Control Room Upper 46862
'46862 46862 27' North CSR 47720 47720 47720 27' South CSR 47364 47364 47364 i
55' TSC Lower 5082-5082 5082 45'TSC Lower 3686 3686 3686 45' SS Kitchen Lower 4190 4190 4190 55' CAS Lower 4356 4356 4356 45' N.DAS Lower 4318 4318 4318 45' S.DAS Lower 4318 4318 4318 55'TSC Upper 2477 2477 55' CAS Upper 1708 1708 45'Nonh DAS Upper 6237 6237 45' TSC Upper 477 477 45' SS Kitchen Upper 902 902 45' South DAS Upper 6237 6237 A512 25161 234157 252195 277356 l
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CA04598 Rev.0 Page 17 ATTACHMENT B UFSAR TABLE 9.20 SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS l
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s CAOLS98 REVO TABLE 9-20 (Continued)
DETECTION AND SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS AUXILIARY BUILDING ROOM / AREA DESCRIPTION SUPPRESSION DETECTION 100/103/104*/116 Corridors - Elevation 10'0" WP POC 101 No. 21 ECCS Pump Room, Unit 2 WP POC 102 No. 22 ECCS Pump Room, Unit 2 POC 105 Charging Pump Room, Unit 2 WP POC 106 Miscellaneous Waste Monitor WP POC Tank 107/109 Coolant Waste Monitor Tank FL 108 Waste Processing Room P0C 110 Coolant Waste Receiver / Monitor POC Tank Pump Room 111 Cryogenics - Waste Processing POC Control Room 112/114 Coolant Waste Receiver Tank FL 113 Miscellaneous Waste Monitor WP P0C Tank Room 115 Charging Pump Room, Unit 1 WP P0C 118 No. 12 ECCS Pump Room, Unit 1 POC 119 No. 11 ECCS Pump Room, Unit 1 WP P0C 120 Containment Recirculation Pipe WP*
P0C Tunnel, Unit 2 121 Containment Tendon Gallery, P0C Unit 2 122 Containment Recirculation Pipe WP*
POC Tunnel. Unit 1 123 Containment Tendon Gallery, P0C Unit 1 200/202/212/219 Corridors WP POC 201 Component Cooling Pump Room, WP POC Unit 2 203 East Piping Area, Unit 2 WP POC CALVERT CLIFFS UFSAR 9.9-20 Rev. 21
CA04598 REV 0
' TABLE 9-20 (Continued)
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM COMP 0NFNT DESCRIPTION
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AUXILIARY BUILDING (continued)
ROOM / AREA DESCRIPTION SUPPRESSION DETECTION 204 Radiation Exhaust Vent WP POC Equipment Room, Unit 2 205 SRW Pump Room, Unit 2 WP FL, P0C 106/310 East Piping Penetration Room, WP FL, POC Unit 2 207/208 Waste Gas Equipment Room POC 209/210 Decontamination /RCPRebuild WP POC Area 211/321 West Piping Penetration Room, FL, POC Unit 2 213 Degasifer Pump Room, Unit 2 POC 214 VCT Room, Unit 2 POC 215 Boric Acid Tank & Pump Room, WP POC Unit 2 216 Reactor Coolant Makeup Pumps WP P0C 216A Reactor Coolant Makeup' Pumps WP P0C 217 Boric Acid Tank & Pump Room, WP P0C Unit 1 218 VCT Room, Unit 1 P0C 220 Degasifer Pump Room, Unit 1 POC 221/326 West Piping Penetration Room, FL, P0C Unit 1 222 RCP Seal Rebuild Room WP POC 223 Hot Machine Shcp WP P0C 224 East Piping Area, Unit 1 WP POC 225 Radiation Exhaust Vent WP POC i
Equipment Room, Unit 1 226 SRW Pump Room, Unit 1 WP FL, P0C 227/316 East Piping Penetration Room, WP FL, POC Unit 1 CALVERT CLIFFS OFSAR 9.9-21 Rev. 21 l
C A04598 REV 0 PA6E1/
TABLE 9-20 (Continued)
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENT DESCRIPTION AUXILIARY BUILDING (continued)
ROOM / AREA DESCRIPTION SUPPRESSION DETECTION 228 Component Cooling Pump Room, WP POC Unit 1 300/303 Corridors POC 301/304 Battery Rooms, Unit 1 POC g 302/2C Unit 2 Cable Spreading Room &
H-1 HT, P0C, DD Cable Chase 2C 305/307 Battery Rooms, Unit 2 P0C 306/1C Unit 1 Cable Spreading Room &
H-1 HT, P0C, DD Y
Cable Chase 1C 308 Corridor POC 309 Main Steam Piping Area, Unit 2 WP POC 311 Switchgear Room, Unit 2 H-1 P0C, DD Elevation 27' 312 Purge Air Supply Room, Unit 2 P0C 315 Main Steam Piping Area, Unit 1 WP P0C
,317 Switchgear Room, Unit 1, H-1 POC, DD Elevation 27' 318 Purge Air Supply Room, Unit 1 POC 319/325 West Passage & Vestibule POC 320 Spent Fuel Cooling Pump Room P0C 322 Letdown Heat Exchanger Room.
P0C Unit 2 323 27'0" Valve Alley and Filter POC Room 324 Letdown Heat Exchanger Room, POC Unit 1 1A Cable Chase 1A WP POC IB Cable Chase IB WP POC 2A Cable Chase 2A WP P0C 2B Cable Chase 2B WP P0C
[405 Control Room P0C, DD CALVERT CLIFFS UFSAR 9.9-22 Rev. 21
C A01.5 9 8 REV 0
. TABLE-9-20(Continued)
PASE2)
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENT DESCRIPTION AUXIl.IARY BUILDING (continued)
ROOM / AREA DESCRIPTION SUPPPESSION DETECTION
[406 DAS Computer Room, Unit 2 H-1. H-2 POC 407 Switchgear Room, Unit 2 H-1 Elevation 45' POC, DD 408 Piping Area Unit 2 WP POC 7409 East Electrical Penetration WP P0C Room, Unit 2 410 North / South Corridor P0C 414 West Electrical Penetration WP P0C Room, Unit 2 416 Diesel Generator No. (28)
~ PA HT 417/418 Solid Waste Processing WP POC 413/419/424/
Cask & Equipment Loading Area WP FL, POC 425/426 420 Reactor Coolant Waste WP*
P0C Evaporator Room 421 Diesel Generator No. (IB)
PA HT l
422 Diesel Generator No. (2A)
PA HT 423 West Electrical Penetration WP POC Room, Unit 1 428 Piping Area, Unit 1 WP POC 429 East Electrical Penetration WP P0C Room, Unit 1 430 Switchgear Room, Unit 1 H-1 P0C, DD Elevation 45' 4 431 DAS Computer Room, Unit 1 H-1. H-2 P0C 432 Technical Support Center POC Computer Room h 436 Technical Support Center P0C
$ 437 Technical Support Center Annex P0C 439 Refueling Water Tank Pump Room, POC Unit I h
i CALVERT CLIFFS UFSAR 9.9-23 Rev. 21
C A04598 REV O TABLE 9-20(Continued)
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
)
AUXILIARY BUILDING (continuef.
ROON/ AREA DESCRIPTION SUPPRESSION DETECTION 440 Refueling Water Tank Pump Loom, POC Unit 2 442 Reserve Battery Room
~
P0C g 444 Central Alarm Station P0C
$512 Control Room HVAC Equipment P0C 517 Horizontal Cable Chase, Unit 2 P0C 518 Horizontal Cable Chase, Unit 1 P0C 520 SFP Area Vent Equipment Room P0C 523 Corridor P0C 524 Main Plant Exhaust Equipment P0C Room, Unit 1 525 Containment Access, Unit 1 POC 526 Main Plant Exhaust Equipment F0C Room, Unit 2 527 Containment Access, Unit 2 POC 529 Electrical Room, Unit 1 P0C 530/531/533 Spent Fuel Pool Area, Fan Room, FL, POC New Fuel Area 532 Electrical Room, Unit 2 P0C 536/537 Miscellaneous Waste Evaporator POC
& Equipment Rooms 586-597 Radiation Chemistry Area WP P0C CALVERT CLIFFS UFSAR 9.9-24 Rev. 21
CAS4598 REV0 EA8 TABLE 9-20 (Continued)
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
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LEGEND
- - Parti 1 area sprinkler coverage
- - Partial detection coverage DS Deluge Sprinkler
=
WP Wet Pipe Sprinkler
=
DP Dry Pipe Sprinkler
=
PA Automatic Pre-action Sprinkler
=
MP Manual Pre-action Sprinkler
=
MF Manual Foam System
=
H-1 Halon Room Flooding
=
H-2 Halon Underfloor Flooding
=
POC Product of Combustion Detector
=
FL Flame Detector
=
HT Heat Detector
=
DD Duct Mounted Detector
=
PW Protecto-Wire
=
l CALVERT CLIFFS UFSAR 9.9-30 Rev. 21 l
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 24
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ATTACHMENT C BALTIMORE GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY TELEPHONE AND CONFERENCE MEMORANDUM DATE 10/14/98 BY: Gerard E. Grvezkowski PURCHASE ORDER NO REQN NO.
TELEPHONE CALL 0 CONFERENCE g SORNO WITH: Cliff Sinocoli (Design Engineering Unit)
COMPANY: BGE
SUBJECT:
Halon Inventories in the DAS Comnuter Rooms and the Cable Spreading Rooms Cliff Sinopoli generated the Halon 1301 inventories from the STP F-492-0 procedures:
The Units 1 and 2 DAS computer rooms each have 132 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 132 lbm in the reserve tanks.
The Unit 1 Cable Spreading Room has 2271 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2271 lbm in the reserve tanks. The Unit 2 CaMe Spreading Room has 2084 lbm of Halon 1301 in the main tanks and 2084 lbm in the reserve tanks.
Upon activation, either the main or reserve tanks will discharge into their respective rooms, but not both. The above masses may not be exact weights. The design calls for minimum weight of Halon. When the bottles are filled, typically a couple of extra pounds are added.
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e CA04598 Rev.0 Page 25 J
ATTACHMENT D STP-F-492 HALON WEIGHT VERIFICATION l
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COMPLIANCE MANDAlun CCI-104Jd CONTROLLED COPY FIRE PROTECTION C A04598 REV 0
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con ATTACHMENT (1), Page 3 of 4 PAGE 26 SURVEILLANCE TEST PROCEDURE COVER SHEET' Halon System Storage Tank Level and Pressure STP NO. STP-F-492-0 TITLE Verification REVISION TECHNICAL LEVEL PREPARED BY DATE REVIEW BY DATE ORIGINAL O.If e/za/9a h[M, ggg
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REVISION FUNCTIONAL POSRC LEVEL REVIEW BY DATE MTG A APPROVED BY DATE 9.,s-$. %)-I45 g/di.
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TEST RESULTS IN SPEC 7 5
MALFUNCTIONS INDICATED 7 S
ADJUSTMENTS PERFORMED 7 YES MR SUBMITTE07 YES N0 s/
e REMARKS, NATURE OF MALFUNCTION, OR ADJUSTMENT AND RESULTS
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CCI-104J CA04598 REVO ATTACHMENT (1), Page 4 of 4 pg SURVEILLANCE. TEST PROCEDURE COVER SHEET REVIEW OF COMPLETED TEST:
FOLLOW UP ACTION:
SUPERVISOR f#L DATE
/o - / * 'e u ACTION TAKEN N LYSIS OF RESULTS:
fLW Ci m C 9s DA n h /w L. drm & / /s n i s. u u.
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FUNCTIONAL SURVEILLANCE TEST COORDINATOR DATE /S-4 M 6 fo-/[2
- POSRC NG N.
- APPROVEDp @
(ik DATE 10-11-90 i
\\, 4ANAGER-CCNPPD_
- REQUIRED ONLY IF:
INDICATED MALFUNCTIONS.
DO NOT MEET ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA.
NOTE: ATTACH A SEPARATE SHEET IF NECESSARY TO DOCUMENT ADDITIONAL COMMENTS s
b
.. es a w ow em
STP-F-492-0 Rev. 0 3
c A04598 REV 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 25 TITLE EA,gif 1.0 PURPOSE.............................
1 2.0 APPLICABILITY / SCOPE.......................
1
3.0 REFERENCES
2 4.0 PREREQUISITES..........................
2 5.0 PRECAUTIONS.......
4 6.0 PROCEDURE............................
4 DATA SHEET 1 8
DATA SHEET 2 9
DATA SHEET 3 15 TABLE 1.............................
16 ENCLOSURE 1...........................
19 ENCLOSURE 2.............................
21 1
i
]
t A045 98 rey Q.
STP-F-492-0 Rev. O o
PASE kl Page 1 of ZZ 1.0 PURPOSE 1.1 To verify halon storage tank weight (or halon level) and' tank pressure for each system in Unit 1 and Unit 2 4160V Switchgear Room, Cable Spreading Room, and associated vertical cable chase.
2.0 APPLICABILITY / SCOPE 2.1 This test fulfills the once per 6 months surveillance requirements of Technical Specifications 4.7.11.3.b.
2.2 Indicate the reason for performing this STP:
(Check One)
Scheduled Surveillance i
C Plant Conditions requiring test (Explain in Pre-Surveillance Remarks)
O Post Maintenance Operability Verification:
Enter M0ts/MR#s Pre-Surveillance Remarks P. 3 The qualifications f test personnel have been verified to be current.
l m/<f/Fs Performed By g
Signature
' Date
^UJ!U. N h M i &_e/,
/ o /c/u Performed By b
S natdre Date Performed By _
h)
M
/
/c /fl9n i
Signat@
Date Performed By f/
od Sce5
/
fo -r <ro Signature Date Performed By
/
Signature Date i
. 3-i CA04598 REV'O STP-F-492-0
~
i Rev. O PA6E 3d l
Page 2 of 22 2.4 Applicable portions / subsections of. this test prochdure may be used to satisfy post maintenance test requirements prior to returning the system (s) to OPERABLE status.
/
2.5 This procedure cancels and supersedes STP-M-492-0 Rev. 4.
3.0 REFERENCES
3.1 References Used to Develop Procedure:
3.1.1 Ludlum Model 299-5 Halon Level Detector Instruction Manual.
3.1.2 Ansul Liquid Measuring System Instruction Manual.
3.1.3 Ansul Halon 1301 Fire Suppression System Installation, Operational, and Maintenance Manual.
3.1.4 NFPA Code 12A Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing System, Chapter I, Section 1-11.
3.1.5 Technical Specification, Section 4.7.11.3.b.
3.1.6 Computer Program " Halogen Bottle Calculation Program" 3.2 References Required to Perform Procedure:
3.2.1l Luc lTum Model 299-5 Halon Level Detector Instruction M 3.2.2; Computer Program " Halogen Bottle Calculation Program" 4.0 PREREQUISITES INITIAL /DATE 4.1 The following equipment is required to perform this test, record %,
calibration information on Data Sheet 1.
1 gz,- r-e-4.1.1'Ludlum Halon Level Detector Model No. 299-5
'*h n
pq eb~r-4o (LQ >r:
4.1.2' Temperature Indicator ro [v/p 6 p e n,o g-4, esc,,_g m g..
,ete e -,s -So wt e.- c,, m...a.,,,
4.1.3 Scale 500 to 1000 lbs 4.1.4 Lift 4.1.5 9 Volt Battery
/(WP o fy#a to J+
d 4 <o s n s.7 <..
we.. 5 ro g; u 6*
ce_ca. e -<. 4o l
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C A045 9 8 RE.V 0 I
4 STP-F-492-0 Rev. O f
PASL.3/
8
.i Page 3 of 22 N s,s i
...................~.,.....
E
/The system shall remain in service arid will not be affected by this test.
g 4.2 - Obtain the Ludium Halon Level Detector Model No. 299-5
/8po from the Safety and Fire Protection Unit.
$l.'**~ZP ;!
Ph oe m
The radiation source shall be
@f.,.frl" returned to Radiation Control i
when not in use.
g t;.$
t.3 Obtain the radiation source from Radiation Control and M M approved SWP from P.ad con ALARA.
n +g".g..
e' 4.4 Install a new battery (9 volt) in Ludlum Halon Level @"e e,*/edM Detector.
ka W 4.5 Verify the Ludlum Halon Level Detector is in calibration by performing the following test:
p,//g,' e so-p 4.5.1 Fill test cylinder with water.
4.5.21 Place level detector magnetic switch to ON r
iposition.
.-ai,&
9" -"
WARMING Do not point radiation source at the od.*
body of another person when using
,, 4e '-
.************************g/</
the. detector.
fat ^
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- N+A 4.5.3 Remove shield from radiation source.
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,eff i
4.5.4 Place the level detector around test cylinder, then move detector up and down cylinder.
ng@ '
o 4.5.5 Place a mark on the cylinder where the meter p/* At e
/h starts to change.
4.5.6 Verify the mark corresponds with actual visible 4/',M 1evel in. the test cylinder.
If level does not M-correspond with mark, return the detector to e /
/d the Test Equipment Shop for calibration.
4.6 Confirm that the HALOGEN BOTTLE CALCULATION PROGRAM software is functionally accurate by performing the following tests:
I a
,e
~* T 'l '
.4~..,
T
'i C A04 5 9 8 REV'O' STP-F-492 0 PAGE SL-'
$; j or n f w s.-s-r-4.6.1 Verify a determination of corrected halon T'evel
$[@7 '" U 0
/
for 70 F by performing test example on ru-r*'n a
4.6.2 Verify the calculating halon loss program by
-9 q#,
using test example on Enclosure 2.
4.7 Perform a page check of this procedure.
le 1
~,..a.>.
5.0 PRECAUTIONS 5.1 Never point the radiation source of the Ludium Level Detector at the body or another person while using the detector.
5.2 If there are any problems during the performance of this procedure, do the following:
5.2.1 Stop test.
5.2.2 Notify Shift Supervisor.
l 5.2.3 Notify Supervisor-Safety and Fire Protection i
START /ddo //WJ 6.0 PROCEDURE
~
~ Oate Time
)
J i
E Systems may be inspected in any order.
Individual systems may be inspected separately to satisfy post maintenance test requirements for OPERABILITY.
All other sections / systems may be N/A'd.
M The radiation source shall be returned to Radiation Control when not in use.
6.1 Initial Data 6.1.1l RECORD test equipment used on Data Sheet 1.
6.2 Acceptance of Halon cylinder Pressure 6.2.1' RECORD cylinder number'on Data Sheet 2.
6.2.2 RECORD halon cylinder pressure on Data Sheet 2.
.n.
-r,u.w,1-s-
CA04598 REV 0 STP-F-492-0 PA6E 33
$*U ! or 22 M
The tank temperature should be obtained as close as practicable (preferably below) the liquid level.
6.2.3 RECORD current tank temperature on Data Sheet 2.
6.2.4 RECORD on Data Sheet 2, the minimum allowable pressure from Table 1.
)
6.2.5 If pressure is below minimum a.
NOTIFY Shift Supervisor.
b.
NOTIFY Supervisor-Safety and Fire protection.
c.
REPLACE cylinder per 01-20.
I d.
ENTER resolution on Data Sheet 2.
6.2.6 REPEAT Step 6.2 for all cylinders on Data Sheet 2.
6.3 OBTAIN data for temperature corrected halon level in accordance with the following istructions:
M Restraining band may be removed to facilitate use of level detector.
6.3.1 PLACE Ludlum level detector magnetic switch in ON position.
6.3.2 REMOVE shield from radiation source.
6.3.3 PLACE detector around cylinder and pencil mark cylinder at point meter just starts to change.
M Steps 6.3.4 and 6.3.5 are done only when level index sticker is missing.
6.3.4 Placement of level index stickers.
a.
RECORD cylinder location and number on Data Sheet 3.
b.
RECORD current cylinder temperature on Data SheNt 3.
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..=
C A045 9 8 REV O STP.F-492-0 PASESY ll9' ! of 22 c.
RECORD original fill weight of charge from name plate on Data sheet 3.
/
6.3.5 WEIGH cylinder and record current weight on Data Sheet 3 per the following procedure.
a.
REMOVE the valve actuator from the top of cylinder by unscrewing the lock nut at the base of actuator.
b.
INSTALL the shipping caps on each valve to prevent inadvertent operation or dange to valves.
c.
WEIGH cylinder.and R00WU) on Data Sheet 3.
I d.
REMOVE shipping caps from each cylinder.
e.
REINSTALL valve actuator on top of cylinder and document double verification on Data Sheet 3.
f.
SUBTRACT Tare weight from current weight to obtain existing halon weight.
Current weight - Tare Weight - existing halon weight g.
RECORD existing halon weight on Data Sheet 3.
h.
Use computer program HALOGEN BOTTLE CALCULATION PROGRAH written 12-7-87 (Enclosure 1) to calculate level change.
i.
RECORD on Data Sheet 3.
j..
Using calculated level change, measure from previous mark knd attach level index sticker.
6.3.6 Measure the difference between original level index sticker and the present measured mark.
!! DIE If the existing level mark is above the original level, the height change is negative.
If the existing level mark is below the original level, the height change is positive.
6.3.7 RECORD + or - measurement on Data Sheet 3.
6.3.8 Repeat Steps 6.3.3 through 6.3.7 for remainder of cylinders on Data Sheet 2.
ii C A04 5 9 8' ifEV 0 STP-F-492-0 PAGEjf
$'$$of22 i
6.4 Acceptance of halon level in cylin.ders.
l
)
l 6.4.1 Use computer program HALOGEN BOTTLE CALCULATION PROGRAM with Data Sheet 2 Datum to calculate halon loss percentage.
6.4.2 RECORD loss, if any, on' Data Sheet 2.
6.4.3 If loss 'is more than 5%.
a.
NOTIFY Shift Supervisor, b.
NOTIFY Fire Protection System Engineer.
c.
NOTIFY Supervisor-Safety and Fire Protection.
d.
REPLACE cylinder per 01-20.
e.
ENTER resolution on Data Sheet 2.
f.
ENTER resolution on STP cover sheet.
- 6.4.4 Initial Data Sheet 2 upon completion.
/4 P f#/ A f 6.5 End of Test I
6.5.1 VERIFY all restraining bands that may have been removed
- have been replaced.
//@ 90/A#
6.5.2'When all cylinders on Data Sheet 2 have been tested,
' return radiation source to Radiation Control.
/e# fd/s68 6.5.3 Record time and date of test completion.
E-F 9d//W9 Date Time 6.5.4 Supervisor-Safety and Fire Protection or designee
,to review Data Sheet 2 for completeness.
W / n-r -
(/
6.5.5. Perform a final page check of this procedur'e.
OA //o -fo-t
CA04598 REVO STP-F-492-0 PABE.%
Rev. O Page 8 of 22 DATA SHEET 1 TEST EQUIPMENT USED DESCRIPTION MODEL/SERIA!./ MANUFACTURER CAL DUE DATE INIT LUDLUM LEVEL IND MoCt'l 399-r 1.17 a'?
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C A04598 REV 0 STP-F-492-0 PAGE Rev. 0 Page 16 of 22
-)
TABLE I TIMPERATURE CORRECTIDILCHARI For checking pressure of 18 lb (8.2 kg.), 33 lb. (15 k.), 54 lb. (24.5 kg.),
72 lb. -(32.7 kg., 90 lb. (40.9 kg.),186 lb. (84.5 kg., and 340 lb.
(154.5 kg.) Ansu Halon 1301 Tank Assemblies.
The pressure within the Ansul Halon 1301 Tank will vary with changes in i
temperature. Ansul Halon 1301 Tanks are pressurized with Halon 1301 and super-pressurized with nitrogen. The instructions covering proper inspection maingenance of this equipment states that, "if the temperature is other than an 70 F (21 C), when checking the pressure, refer to the chart below."
NOTg: Angul Halon 1301 Systems are listed for performance from -2g F -g')to 130 F (54 C). The tanks may be stored at temperatures down to -40 F ( 40 C.
Storage below this temperature is not recommended.
Pressure - Temoerature Table Minimum Nominal Allowable Pressure Pressure
-fempgrature F f C)
PSI PSI 53.9) 105 94' 45.6) 125 112 138 124
)J
-40
-40.0 152 137
-30
-34.4 28.91 166 149
-10
-23.3')
180 162 0 -17.8) 195 175
+10 (-12.2) 212 191
+20 (-6.7 231 208
+30 (-1.1 253 228
.+40 (+4.4 276 248
+50 (+10.0 301 271
-+60 (+15.6 330 297
+61 333 299.7
+62 336 302.4
+63 339 305.1
+64 342 307.8
+65 345 310.5
+66 348 313.2
-+67 351 315.9
+68 354 318.6
+69 357 321.3
+70 (+21.1).
360 324
+71 363.3 327
+72 366.6 330
CA04598 yg STP-F-492-0 Rev. O PA6E Y Page 17 of 22 TABLE 1
)
TDtPERATURE CORRECTION CHART j
Minimum Nominal Allowable Jempgrature Pressure Pressure F f C)
PSI PSI
+73 369.9 333
+74 373.2 336
+75 376.5 339
+76 379.8 342 l
+77-383.1 345 j
+78 386.4 348
+79 389.7 351
+80 (+26.7) 393 354
+81 396.6 357.2
+82 400.2 360.4
+83 403.8 363.6
+84 407.4 366.8
+85 411 370
+86 414.6 373.2
+87 418.2 376.4
+88 421.8 379.6
+89 425.4 382.8
+90 (+32.2) 429 386
+91 432.9 389.5 l
+92 436.8 393
{
+93 440.7 396.5
+94 444.6 400
+95 448.5 403.5
+96 452.4 407
+97 456.3 410.5
+98 460.2 414 j
+99 464.1 417.5 j
+100 (+37.8) 468 421 i
+101 472.3 424.9 R
+102 476.6 428.8
+103 480.9 432.7
+104 485.2 436.6
+105 489.5-440.5
+106 493.8 444.4
-+107 498.1 448.3
+108 502.4 452.2
+109 506.7 456.1
+110 (+43.3) 511 460
+120 (+48.9) 557 501
+130 (+54.4) 607 546
+140 (+60.0) 667 600
+150 (+65.6) 775 697
C A04598 REYDi sTP-r-492-o PAGE 8
$ ige $8of22 TABLE 1 j
TEMPERATURE CORRECTION CHART To determine pressures for temperatures not shown:
ex for 72'F P, - 360 + (393 - 360) 72-70 2 - P ) T, - Tg P, = P3 + (P 3
80-70 P = 366.6 T2-T3 a
This must be calculated for minimum pressure to inwre proper pressure in the cylinder.
P, = allowed minimum pressure ~
T, - actual ' measured temperature P1 - pressure corresponding to T3 3 - next given temperature below T, T
T2 = next given temperature above T, Pg = pressure corresponding to T2 e
e C A04598 'REV 0 nP-F-492-0 P AGE 4/7 Rev. O Page 19 of 22 ENCLOSURE 1 j
1.
DETERMINATION OF CORRECTED HALON LEVEL FOR 70"F.
1.
Original fill weight (lbs.)
(Wl) 2.
Existing halon weight (1bs.)
(W2) 3.
Current tank temperature ("F)
(T) 4.
Calculate corrected weight by performing the following:
a.
Determine the correction factor for density:
2
((-1.73811) + (1.2318 x T)) + ((.002928) x (T ))
T 0
b.
Determine the level chance corrected to 70 F:
W2 - (correction factor x Wil - inches 10.f,8459 If level chan'ge is )ositive, then the corrected level is that many inches below tie current level.
If level change is negative, then the corrected level is that many inches above the, current. level.
l CA04598 REV O PA6E f#
[3 F-492-0 Page 20 of 22 ENCLOSURE I TEST EXAMPLE I.
DETERMINATION OF CORRECTED liALON LEVEL FOR 70*F.
1.
Original fill weight (1bs.)
(W1) 340 2.
Existing halon weight (1bs.)
(W2) 335 3.
Current tank temperature ("F)
(T) 87 i
4.
Calculate corrected weight by performing the following:
a.
Determine the correction factor for density:
2
((-1.73811) + (1.2318 x T)) + f f.002928) x (T ))
T correction factor
.9629 b.
Determine the level chanae corrected to 70"F:
W2 - (correction factor x W1) indes
=
10.68459
,. level change
.90 inches
~-
If; level change is positive, then the corrected level is that many inches below the current level.
If level change is negative, then the corrected level is that many inches above the current level.
+
i I
i
r r
CA04598 REV0 STP-F 492 0 PAGE @
y'.g"e$1of22 ENCLOSURE 2
/
II.
CALCULATING HALJON LOSS 1.
Current tank temperature ( F)
(T)
!!QIE If. existing level is above the original level, the height change is negative.
If existing level is below the original level, the height change
.is positive.
2.
The height change is level (inches)
(L) 3.
Calculation of weight lost:
a.
Original fill weight (W1) b.
Determine the correction factor for density:
E (f.1.73811) + (1.2318 x T)) + ((.002928) x (T ))
T (W1 x correction factor) - (L x 10.699) c.
(W2) d.
WI - W2 Weight lost in tank 4
4.
Calculate the percentage lost:
a.
Wl_- W2 x 100 340 1
+
- N - rv = w w rr.Neimyw w l
CA04598 REV D PAGE.62)
STP-F-492 0 Rev. O Page EZ of 22
) ENCLOSURE 2
/
TEST EXAMPLE II.
CALCULATDIG HALON LOSS 1.
Current tank temperature (U )-
(T) 87 F
lEll If existing. level is above the original level, the height change is negative.
If existing level is below the original level, the height change is positive.
2.
The height change is level (inches)
(L)
.625 3.
Calculation of weight lost:
a.
Original fill weight (W1) 340 b.
Determine the correction factor for density:
I
((-1.73811) + (1.2318 x T)) + (f. 002928) x (T I)
T correction factor
.9629 (W1 x correction factor) - ( L x 10.699) c.
~
(W2) 332.08 d.
'W1 - W2 Weight lost in tank 7.91 4.
Calculate the percentage lost:
2.3%
a.
W1 - W2 x 100 340 I
e L.
4 MEN, p, i e eo e - -1 M'
d 2;u ig h'i A,i
' '4
\\
m n>o$oo o:: o cc :'
T
,>m* e c
s y g
-y j
o g e
6 6
6 1
1 0
0 4
3 0
5 2
9 8
4 8 4 6
8 5
9 3
4 3
5 3
2 1
2 5
1 2
1 2
2 1
2 1
2 2
1 7
3 7
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
9 5
5 0
1 0
8 2
0 0
3 0
2 5
8 5
9 0
8 2
2 7
6 6
0 9
1 6
6 0
5 8
5 7
4 9
9 6
2 8
8 2
5 9
3 8
6 1
6 2
6 4
6 9
4 9
8 5
B 5
8 9
5 6
0 4
1 1
1 1
2 1
2 T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S O
O O
O D
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O L
L L
L I
L L
L L
L L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
5 5
9 7
1 0
5 3
8 6
2 5
5 9
6 8
4 7
2 9
5 2
2 1
1 1
2 0
0 2
0 5
0 6
7 9
9 9
9 7
8 7
8 0
7 7
7 7
7 7
7 7
7 0
7 8
8 8
8 8
8 8
8 8
8 9
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 9
2 3
3 3
3 3
3 3
3 3
2 3
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
% / l.d /
d y /
/._
M'
/
M
/
L I
i Df 5
d l L
f C 9 i
/ 1 6
(5 d f 4 g
f f
C C 6
(
f r
Il li l
~
69/f/dTANK 1005 HAS LOST 1.97 LBS. OR 0.6 %
CA04598 REV O PAGE G 2709 HAS LOST 7.62 LBS. OR 2.7 %
('g/-{ANK i
Cf4/dTANK 2971 HAS LOST 0.22 LBS. OR ;0.1 %
CS.)fANK 2707 HAS LOST 7.75 LBS. OR 2.3 %
Cyn/dTANK 6426 HAS LOST 8.42 LBS. OR 2.5 %
UA)) TANK 243 HAS LOST 11.34 LBS. OR 3.3 %
Cysf/-A TANK 2974 HAS LOST 12.01 LBS. OR 3.5 %
(% 4TANK 3895 HAS LOST 6.58 LBS. OR 3.2 %
(fx/-A. TANK 2970 HAS LOST -6.11 LBS. OR -2.9 %
CKl1 TANK 2718 HAS LOST -3.81 LBS. OR -1.4 %
C544 TANK 2726 HAS LOST 0.20 LBS. OR 0.1 %
3901 HAS LOST 5.91 LBS. OR 2.8 %
($qqTANK C p/-d TANK 2736 HAS LOST 1.91 LBS. OR 0.9 %
65q-r; TANK 2701 HAS LOST 4.20 LBS. OR 1.5 %
Cf4/-IT.- TANK 480 HAS LOST 3.08 LBS. OR 1.1 %
(p.(2f ) TANK 2716 HAS LOST 10.93 LBS. OR 3.2 %
/
(f g ( TANK 2724 HAS LOST -1.09 LBS. OR -0.3 %
C544-/^)
TANK 2722 HAS LOST 18.04 LBS. OR 5.3 %
i.;
p-l
l
.i i,i:
nNDDFoO%m 1
C Ct C c
, 'l m M f
0 s
f
-O
/
//
4 0
0 5
9 5
0 8
6 1
0 8
6 7
7 5
2 8
3 1
2 4
3 0
1 1
1 0
0 0
1 1
1 1
5 R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
R R
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B B
B L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
1 8
8 1
4 1
6 5
0 1
0 2
9 5
4 4
6 0
5 5
5 8
0 7
3 0
0 5
4 3
3 7
9 0
2 6
8 3
2 2
3 3
6 2
2 2
5 3
3 2
5 1
1 1
1
~
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
L L
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S S
S A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H H
H 8
7 6
7 4
6 6
4 7
9 0
3 1
5 5
5 3
7 1
7 8
8_
5 8
8 6
6 0
8 8
8 3
7 7
8 6
8 8
8.
2 8
8 8
8 9
8 8
8 7
9 9
3 3
3 2
3 3
2 2
3 3
3 3
3 3
2 2
2 K
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
K K
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N N
N A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T T
T.
T.
T A
f_f.
2 g.
t 9
[jg (g C
ii l
i
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 55 -
ATTACHMENT E SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 013 FIRE PROTECTION 4
e
C A04598 REV 0 P A6 E STa THISDOCUMENTIS FOR BGTRUCTION
/
ANDINFORMATION ONLY.
IT IS NOT TO BE USED FOR PLANT OPERATIONS.
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION NO. 013 Revision 01 Baltimore Gas and Electric Company Calvert Cliffs NuclearPowwPlant Prepared By:
Date: [-- S -9 SYs194 fMGINEER 7!7!N Reviewed By:.
Date:
Y AGE GROUP LEADER
/
/
APPROVED By:
(
Date:- __
PRINCIPAL ENGINEER PLEASE DIRECT TO THE SUPERVISOR-OPERATIONS TRAINING OR SYSTEM ENGINEER ANY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS TO THIS SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.
l
C A0!.5 98 REV 0 PAGE f7 blanket of foam which extinguishes the fire by excluding the air which is required for combustion, and cooling the surface of the fuct oil.
2.2.4 Halen Snppressian System Halon 1301 a=L +1 fire extinguishing systems are installaf in the Computer Room, Electrical swildgear rooms, cable spreading rooms, cable spreading room cable chases. These systems store Halon under pressure and upon demand release the Halon through piping and nozzles to flood the area, extinguishing the fire by chemical
(
,caciioo.
3.0 DETAYritnDESCRIFFION This section describes, in detail, the subcomponents and subsystems that comprise the Fire Protection System; the ap=*iaa=1 interface that exists between this and other plant systems; and other information that ensures safe and reliable operation of the system. Subsection 3.1 describes the detection subsystem and Subsystem 3.2 describes the suppression system. Fire Prate *iaa System preventive maintenance procedures are summarized in Subsection 3.4. Refer to Table 5-8 for equipment locations.
3.1 Mre Detection System The Fire Detection System consists of the protectowire system, the heat detection system, the smoke detection system, the flame detection system, the raanual pull stations, control panels, and fire alarm zone panels. An alarm signal is initiated when a detector (regardless of the type) or suppression system actuates and completes an electrical circuit. This complete circuit:
initiates a trouble or alarm signal on local zone panels, and/or the e
Control Room master fire alarm and control panel 1C24B; initiates the actuation of a suppression system coupled with an alarm; e
and/or, if the particular datetion system is so equipped, indicates the precise e
location of the problem on fire zone panels.
s
CA04598 REV O PAGE Sif i
3.2.4 Halen Supprendon Systeun J
Halon 1301 (bromotrifluormethane) is a chemical compound which is utilized as I
a fire extinguishing agent at Calvert Cliffs. It is a nonconductor of electricity and is effectiv. against flammable liquid surface fires, most solid combustible fires, and i
dW=1 fires. Halon charnlem11y extinguishes a fire, and only a low concentration of Halon is = = = y to halt the combustion promss and prevent further flame propagation. Halon leaves no residue and does not create electrical short circuits and grounds or cause corrosive damage to equipment. _ Halon in low concentration Gess than 10% by volume) for brief periads das not present a serious health risk to personnel.
A total flooding system is used in the cable spreading rooms, and' the Unit-1 and Unit-2 dWeni switchgear rooms on both the 27-foot and 45-foot levels. The local application system is used in the computer cabinets and underneath the false floor in both computer rooms.
The Halon systems consist of storage containers, distribution piping, Halon nozzles, actuators, manual releases, detectors, and control panels. The detectors and alarms associated with the Halon System are described in Subsection 3.1.
3.2.4.1 Total Phadine Halon Systanne The total flooding Halon Suppression System in the Unit-2 Electrical Switchgear Room is described below, Unit-1 is similar. Nine cylinders of Halon 1301 are arranged on the west wall of the 45-foot level Electrical Switchgear Room such that, if -
the smoke detectors in the 27-foot level Electrical Switchgear Room actuate the system, five cylinders of Halon will discharge into the room. Should the smoke detectors in the 45-foot level Electrical Switchgear Room actuate the system, then all nine cylinders of Halon will discharge into the 45-foot level Electrical Switchgear Room. This is accomplished by using four solenoid-operated directional valves (refer to Figure 13-25).
The directional valves (1-ERV-45-1/2,1-ERV-27-1/2 ) are normally held shut by their respective solenoid actuators. When a smoke detxtor actuates the Halon System, it simultaneously shifts the solenoid and allows Halon pressure to open the 25
CA04598 REV O P A6E $7 valve. A system actuation from the 27-foot level will release the solanaide on directional valves 1-ERV-27-1 and 1-ERV-27-2; whereas a system actuation from the 45-foot level will release directional valves 1-ERV-45-1 and 1-ERV-45-2.
An electrically operated solenoid valve not only releases the Halon from the cylinder on which it is installed but also releases Halon through flexible tubing to y==tically operated slave actuators releasing Halon from other cylinders.
The total flooding Halon Suppression Systems in the cable spreading rooms operate in a similar manner; only the number of Halon cylinders is different. These Halon systems have a connected reserve cylinder system. The Unit-2 Cable Spreading Room has seven manifolds each consisting of a. main and a reserve cylindar. He Unit-1 Cable Spreading Room has eight manifolds. Selection for the main or reserve system can be made at the control panel by two key-operated selector switches (one for each
. unit) which are located in the vestibule area to the cable spreading rooms. The DAS computer rooms have a total flooding Halon Suppression System that operates in a similar manner, there are electro thermal links attached to the ventilation dampers which melt when the Halon systems actuates.
3.3 h Prnanth Sveta= C= 2.uk==A Alanrs Alarm indication and certain remote operational capabilities are provided on Control Room panels 1C17 and IC24B. Panel IC17 is the 4 kV acd 480 V manual feeder breaker control board. Although there are no operations performed on the Fire Protection System from this panel, seven alarm windows on the upper left hand section provide visualindication of certain system conditions. Two of these alarms are initiated by the master fire alarm panel IC24B. These are the " Fire" alarm, which can be initiated by deluge valve, alarm check valve, smoke detector, or heat detector actuation; and the " Fire System" alarm, which can be initiated by circuitry problems in IC24B, detectors or loss of power to IC24B, or detectors or a deluge or alarm check valve isolation valve being four more turns from fully open. He diesel fire pump operating Alarm is initiated by the R8 relay in the diesel automatic engine controller IC97 which in turn operates the R8x relay in 1C24B. The R8x relay contact in IC24B is what initiates the Alarm on IC17.
De Diesel Fire pump operating alarm indicates:
26
o 1
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 60 ATTACHMENT F MSDS FOR HALON 1301 i
t i
CAD 4598 REV 0 VfdVM]
1900-0 >
k I!N,L P AGE G/
- t..
. %.. - i
- o aup0D j
=
j Du Pont Chemicals i
2040FR Revised 17 Dec 90 Printed 29-Jan 92 i
r l
HALON 1301 FIRE EXTINGUISHANT
- MATERIALIDDITIFICATION i
Corporate Number DU001083
- FREON"is a registered trademark of Du Pont.
Manufacturer / Distributor DuPont Wilmington, DE 19898 r
Phone Numbers Product Information 1-800-441-9450 Transport Emer0ency CHEMTREC: 1 800-424 9300 Medical Emergency 1-800 441-3637 Chemical Family HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON Du Pont Registry Number DP3129-2 Formula CBrF3 TSCA inventory Status Reported / Included NPCA-HMIS Ratings Health:
1 Flammability:
0 Reactivity:
1 Personal Protection rating to be supplied by user depending on use l
conditions.
- COMPONENTS Material CAS Number Percent i
- METHANE, BROMOTR! FLUORO- (" FREON" 1381 75-63 8 100 REFRIGERANT) p Toxic chemical under Secton 813 of Title m of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 19 ula (continued)
L l
l io l
Printed on Recycled Paper l
l
1 T A04598 REV 0 P AG E 61 l
r PHYSICAL DATA Bollir>g Point
-58'O ( 71.95'F) l Vapor Pressure 235 psia at 25 deg C (77 de9 F)
/
Vapor Density 5.14 (Air = 1.0) at 25 deg C (77 dog F)
% Volatiles 100 WT */.
Evaporation Rate
>1 (CCl4 - 1.0)
I Water Solubility 0.03 WT % at 25*C (77*F) pH Neutral Odor Slight ethereal Form Liquified Oas Color Colorless Liquid Density
- 1,54 g/cc at 25 dog C (77 deg F)
Appearance
- Clear HAZARDOUS REACTIVITY Instability Materlat is stable. However, avoid extended contact with open l
flames or temperature >1000 deg F.
Incompatibility Incompatible with aikali or alkaline earth metals powdered Al, Zn, Be, etc.
Polymerization Polymerization will not occur.
Decomposition
- " FREON" 13B1 Refrigerant may be decomposed by high temperatures (open flames, glowing metal surfaces, etc.)
forming free bromine and possibly l
carbonyl halides.
FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Flash Point Will not bum Flammable Limits in Air, % by Volume LEL Not applicable UEL Notapplicable Autolgnition Not determined Autodecomposition
>B50*C (>1560*F)
Fire and Explosion Hazards Cylinders are equipped with temperature and pressure relief devices but may stift rupture under fire conditions.
Decomposition may occur.
Extinguishing Media As appropriate for combustibles in area.
Special Fire Fighting Instructions Use water spray or tog to cool containers. Self-contained l
breathin0 apparatus (SCBA) is required if cylinders rupture or release under fire conditions.
(continued) r 2040FR Page 2
CA04598 REV0 1,
PAGE 63 P
HEALTH HAZARD D(FORMATION PRINCIPAL HEkLTH HAEARDS (Including Significant Routes, Effects, sygtoms of overexposures and Medical Conditions by Exposure)
/
ANIMAL DATA Inhalation 15-minutes ALC:
832,000 ppm in rats Effects seen in animals from exposures by inhalation range from "no observed adverse effects" at low to moderate concentrations to central nervous system effects at high (44) concentrations. Pneumonitis, liver, and kidney effects were seen in animals exposed by inhalation to lethal or near lethal concentrations. Cardiac sensitization was observed in dogs exposed to concentrations of 7.5% and higher.
Animal testing indicates that this compound does not have mutagenic or embryotovic effects. No animal test reports are available to define carcinogenic or reproductive
- hazards, MUMAN REALTH EFFECTS Human health effects of overexposure by inhalation may include: nonspecific discomfort, such as nausea, headache, or weakness; or toeporary central nervous system depression j
with effects such as dissiness, headache, confusion, incoordination, and loss of consciousness. Higher I
exposures (>13%) by inhalation may cause temporary alteration of the heart's electrical activity with irregular pulse, palpitations, or inadequate circulation. Skin or eye
(,
contact with the liquid may cause frostbite. Individuala with preexisting diseases of the central nervous or cardiovascular system may have increased susceptibility to the toxicity of excessive exposures.
Carcinogenicity None of the components in this materialis listed by lARC, NTP, -
OSHA, or ACGlH as a carcinogen.
None Established TLV (ACGlH) 1,000 ppm,6,090 mg/m3 8 Hr TWA PEL (OSHA) 1,000 ppm,6,100 mg/m3 - 8 Hr TWA i
- AEL is Du Ponts Acceptable Expostre Lsmit. Where governmentasy imposed occupational exposure hmits whi& are lower than he AEL are in ellect, sucn kmMs shaB take precedence.
Safety Precautions Avoid breathing very high concentrations of vapors. Avoid contact of eyes or skin with liquid. Use with sufficient ventilation to keep employee exposure below recommended limits.
T L
FIRST AID IF LARGE CONCENTRATIONS ARE INHALED:
Immediately remove to fresh air.
Keep persons calm. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a physician f
(continued)
?O L
2040FR Page 3 J
~
C A04598 REV O PAGE6f i
N Am<consnu.4)
{
IN CASE OF SKIN CONTACT: Flush with water.
Treat for frostbite if necessary by gently warming affected area.
j
)
IN CASE OF EYE CONTACT: Imusediately flush eyes with plenty
'i of water for at least 15 minutes. Call a physician.
INGESTION: Ingestion is not considered a potential route of exposure.
Notes to Physician Because of possible disturbances of cardiac rhythm, I
catecholamine drugs, such as epinephrine, should be considered only as a last resort in life-threatening emergencies.
PROTECTION INFORMATION Generally Applicable Control Measures and Precautions Normal ventitation for standard manufacturing procedures is generally adequate. Local exhaust should be used when large amounts are released. Mechanical ventilation should be used in lowplaces.
Personal Protective Equipment Lined butyl cloves and chemical splash goggles should be us'ed when handling. Under normal manufacturing conditions no respiratory protection is required when usino this product. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)is required if a spiti occurs.
DISPOSALINFORMATION Spill, Leak, or Release NOTE: Review FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS and SAFETY PRECAUTIONS before proceeding with clean up. Use appropriate PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT during clean up.
Ventilate area-especially low places where heavy vapors might collect. Remove open flames. Use self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) for large leak or spill.
I Waste Disposal Comply with all Federal, State and local regulations.
F Reclaim by distillation or remove to permitted waste disposal facility._-
SHIPPINGINFORMATION DOT Proper Shipping Name BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE h
Hazard Class NONFLAMMABLE GAS UN/NA No.
UN 1009 DOT Labels (s)
NONFLAMMABLE GAG DOT Placard NONFLAMMABLE GAS (entinued) 4 L
i 2040FR Page 4
CA04598 REV 0
},-
PAGEGb 4
SHIPPING INFORMATION(oonenu.d>
f p]-
DOT /IMO Proper Shipping Name BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE flazard Class NONFLAMMABLE GAS UN No.
1009 Specialinformation IMO/ICAO LABEL: NONFLAMMABLE GAS Shipping Containers Cylinders Ton Tanks E
STORAGE CONDITIONS Clean, dry area. Do not heat above 125 deg F.
TITLEIII HAZARD CLASSIFICATIONS Acute Yes Chronic No l
Fire No Reactivity No Pressure Yes LIsrs:
I Extremely Hazardous substance
-No CERCLA Masardous substance
-No Toxic Chemicals
-Yes f
The data in this Material Safety Data Sheet relates only to the specific material designated herein and does not relate to use in combination with any other material or in any process.
Responsibility for MSDS:
K. P. Brown DuPont Wilmington, DE 19880-0709 302-999 5072 s indicatesupdatedsection.
End of MSDS O
i 2040FR Page 5
C A04598 REV 0' 3262 TJY000 1,1,2-TRIFLUORO-1-BROMO-2-CHLOROETHANE
.pgg &
SAFETY PROFILE: Moderately toxic by ingestion. A skin SAFETY PROFILE: A poison by inhalation. Experimen-and eye irritant. Combustible liquid. When heated to tal reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO, and F.
experimental carcinogenic data. When heated to de-composition it emits toxic fumes of F.
TJY000 CAS:354-06-3 HR: 1 1,1,2-TRIFLUORO-1 -BROMO-2-CHLOROETHANE TJY200 CAS:460-35-5 HR: 3 mf: C,HBrCIF, mw: 197.39 1,1,1 TRIFLUORO-3-CHLOROPROPANE
. TOXICITY DATA w:TH REFERENCE ihl mus LCLo:35,000 ppm /17M ANAsAB 17,337.62 SYNS: ocHtoRo 3.3,3 TRIFLUORoPRoPANE O 3-CHLORO 1.1,1-TRIFLOOROPRoPANE D FREON 253 O PROPANE.3 CHLORO-1,1,1 CONSENSUS REPORTS: Reported in EPA TSCA TR1 FLUORO-TOXICITY DATA wrrH REFERENCE SAFETY PROFILE: Mildly toxic by inhalation. When ihl rat LCLo:1800 mg/m'/2H e5cMAT.115.e' heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of F,
orl mus LD50:62 mg/kg casAAA 28(12).9,63 Cl, and Br.
ihl mus LC50:800 mg/m'/211 escMAT.,u5.s2 ihl rbt LClo:2300 mg/m'/2H 85cMAT.115.s2 TJY100 CAS:75-83-8 HR: 1 CONSENSUS REPORTS: Reported in EPA TSCA TRIFLUOROBROMOMETHANE inventory.
DOE UN N mf: CBrF, mw: 148.92 SAFETY PROFILE: A poison by ingestion. Moderately i
toxic by inhalation. When heated.to decomposition it j
PROP: A gas. D: 1.58, fp: -168', bp: -57.8',
emits toxic fumes of F and Cl. See also CHLORINAT-SYNS: BROMorLUOROrORM O BROMoTRIFLUOROMETHANE O F 13B1 O FREON 1381 O HALON 1301 O R13B1 (DOT) O TRIFLUO-I l
ROMoNoBkOMOMETHANE TJY275 CAS:37167-5 HR: 3 TOXICITY DATA wmi REFERENCE 2,2,P MUOROMAZOETHANE E N, mw: MM Ihl-rat LC50:84,000 ppm /15M 85tNA8 6,1640,91 a
s ihl mus LC50:381 g/m' cTrzAB 26(s) 53,s2 SAFETY PROFILE: An unstable explosive nearly as lhl gpg LC50:88,000 ppm /15M 851NA8 6,1640,91 powerful as TNT When heated to decomposition it CONSENSUS REPORTS: Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
TJYS00 CAS:306-83-2 HR: 2 Ppm I'I'1-TRIFLUORO-2,2-DICHLOROETHANE H L : TWA 1 O m
DFG MAK: 1000 ppm ( 10 mg/m')
mf: C, hcl,F, mw: 152.93 DOT CLASSIFICATION: 2.2; label: Nonflammable Gas MOP: A liquid. D: 1.475 @ 15'/4', mp:-107*, bp. 28.7*.
SAFETY PROFILE: Mildly toxic by inhalation. Incom.
SYNS: 2,2-DicHLORo.1,1,1.TRIFLUOROETHANE D Tc 123 O patible with aluminum. When heated to decomposition FREON 123 O R 123 i
it emits toxic fumes of F and Br'. See also BROMIDES and FLUORIDES
- TOXICITY DATA WITH REFERENCE ihl mus LC50:74,000 ppm /111 BJANAD 37.716.65 For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: see CONSENSUS REPORTS: Reported in EPA TSCA Bromotrifluoromethane,1017.
Inventory.
SAFETY PROFILE: Moderately toxic by inhalation.
TJY175 CAS:75-88-7 HR: 3 When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes 2,2,2 TRIFLUOROCHLOROETHANE of F and Cl, See also CHLORINATED HYDROCAR-mf: C,H,CIF, mw; 118.49 BONS, ALIPHATIC; and FLUORIDES.
PROP: A liquid. D: 1.389 @ 0*/4', fp: -105.5', bp: 6.1*
SYNS: cFc 133a 01 CHLORO 2.2.2-TRirLUoROETilANE O 2 TJY750 CAS:354-23-4 HR: 3 CHLORO 1,1,1 TRIFLUoRoETHANE D FC 133a O FREON 133a 0 1,1,2-TRIFLUORO-1,2-DICHLOROETHANE GENETRON 133a O R 133a 01,1,1 TRIFLUORo 2 CHLORoETHANE mf: CaHCl,F, mw: 152.93
- 01,1,1.TRIFLUOROETHYL CHLORIDE PROP: A liquid. D: 1.498 @ 27.4*/4', bp: 28-30*.
TOXICITY DATA WITH REFERENCE TOXICITY DATA WITH REFERENCE ort rat TDLo:78 g/kg/1Y 1: CAR, REP TxAPA9 72.15.84 thlm nd @M ma m lhl mus LC50:15 pph/1H BJANAD 37,716,65 CONSENSUS REPORTS: IARC Cancer Review: Group 3
- E "#
IMEMDT 7,56,87; Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT 41,253,86. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
SAFETY PROFILE: Poison by inhalation. When heated
CA04598 Rev.0 Page 67 ATTACHMENT G NFPA 12A HALON 1301
C A04598 REV O P A6E 68
)
NationalFire Codes-A Compilation of NFPA Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices and Guides Volume 1 NFPA8 This is one of 11 volumes of the National Fire Codes published by the National Fire Protection Association. The complete set contains the codes, standards, recommended practi.es and guides developed by the technical committees of the
, Association and processed in accordance with the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee Projects.
National Fire Protection Association Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269
CA04598 REV O j
12A-1 PAGE61
)
Copyright C 1997 NFPA, All Rights Reserved NFPA 12A h
)
Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems
( h.
k 1997 Edition N
hp This edition of NFPA 12A, Standard on Helon 1301 FireExtmguishing Systems, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Halogenated Fire Extinguishing Systems and acted on by the National Fire Protection Association,Inc., at its Annual Meeting held May 19-22,1997,in Los f
Angeles, CA. It was issued by the Standards Council onJuly 24,1997, with an effective date of Wt; August 15,1997, and supersedes all previous editions.
{. }
!!g1(i Changes other than editorial are indicated by a vertical rule in the margin of the pages on which they appear. These lines are included as an aid to the user in identifying changes from c
('%
the previous edition.
This edition of NFPA 12A was approved as an American National Standard on August 15, 1997.
Y:
Ori$n and Development of NFPA 12A (m
The Committee on Halogenated nre Extinguishing Systems was formed in the fall of 1966 and held its first meeting during December of that year. The Committee was organized into four Subcommittees who separately prepared various portions of the standard for review by the full Committee at meetings held in September and December 1967.
The standard was submitted anEl adopted at the Annual Meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, May 20-24,1968. The 1968 edition was the first edition of this standard and was adopted in tenta-tive form in accordance with NFPA regulations. In 1969 the Committee determined that the standard had not yet been,sufficiently tested and elected to carry it in tentative status for one rhore yesir. It was presented for'6fficial adoption in 1970. The first oflicial version of the stan-dard was adopted at.the Annual Meeting of NFPA held in Toronto, Ontario in May 1970. Re.
visions were made in 1972,1973i1977, and 1980.
The 1985 edition was a complete revision of the standard. The standard was resised in 1987 and again in 1989.
The standard was completely rewritten for the 1992 revision to more clearly state the re-quirements and to separate the mandatory requirements from the advisory text in an effort to make the document more usable, enforceable, and adoptable.
7f The main topic addressed in this revision is decommissioning and removal of systems.
E, e
p%
7:p t,'
Qs s i
(
e I
C A04598 REV O 12A-2 nAloN Isol naz ExnNGUISHING SWrEMS P A6E 76 Technical Committee on Halogenated Hre Extinguishing Systems ThomasJ.Wynocki, CAair Guardian Services. Inc.,IL [SE)
/
SamuelL. Rogers, Secretary Kemper Nat'lInsurance Cos., OH [I]
William M. Carey, Underwriters Laboratories Inc.,IL [RT]
Lyle R. " Skip" Perkins, Florida Power Corp., FL [U)
Salvatore A. Naas, Industrial Risk Insurers, CF [I]
Rep. Edison Electdc Inst.
Rep. Industrial Risk Insurers Ken C. Phillips EGkG Idaho Inc., ID [U)
Wimam A. Eckholm, AFAC, Division of Kidde Int'l, NC [M]
Rep. NFPA Industrial Fire Protection Section Rep. Fire Suppression Systems Assn.
Patrick E.Phillips, Anti Fire P E Phillips & Assoc., NV [SE]
Dale R. Edibeck, AnsulInc.,WI [M]
John A. Sileo, Johnson & Higgins of CF,Inc., CF [I]
Rep. Fire Equipment Mfrs. Assn. Inc.
Robert E. Tapscott, New Mexico Engr Research Inst.,
William J. Fries, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., MA [I]
NM [RT)
Rep.The Alliance of American Insurers Thn N.Testerman, Procter & Gamble. OH [U)
Raymond N. Hansen, UA Air Force, Civil Engr Support Desmond R. Todd, levitt4afety Ltd, Canada [M]
Agency,IL [E]
Rep. Fire Equipment Mfrs. Inst. of Canada David H. Kay, U.S. Dept. of the Navy, VA [E]
Klaus Wahle, U.S. Coast Guard, DC [E]
Dennis C. Kennedy, RolfJensen & Assoc. Inc.,IL [SE]
Nephen B. Waters, Fireline Corp., MD [IM]
Robert C. Merritt, Factory Mutual Research Corp., MA [I]
Vp. Halon Research Inst.
DanielW. Moore, DuPont Fluoroproducts, DE [M]
- faldJohn Wright, Underwriters Laboratories of Ivan M. N1 bur, American Risk Consultants Corp.,EY [I]
Canada. Canada [RT)
Alternates Charles B. Barnett, Badger Fire Protection,Inc., OH [M]
Edward D. Imedy, Industrial Risk Insurers, IL [1]
(Alt. to D. R. Edlbeck)
(Alt. to S. A. Chines)
Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT]
Peter L. Rullo, American Risk Consultants Corp., NJ [I]
(Alt. to W. M. Carey)
(Alt. to I. M. Nibur)
Robert L. Darwin, U.S. Dept. of the Navy, VA [E]
Mark A. Sweval, Great Lakes Chemical Corp., IN [M]
(Alt. to D. H. Kay)
(Alt. to S. B. Waters)
David R. Fiedler, Rolfjensen & Assoc. Inc.,TX [SE]
George Unger, Underwriters Laboratories of Canada, (Alt, to D. C. Kennedy)
Canada [RT]
William D. Hard, Hard Suppression Systems, OH [lM]
(Alt. to R.J. Wright)
(Voting Alt. to NAFED Rep.)
Fred K. Walker, U.S. Air Force, FL [E]
Robert 16ael=L1, Factory Mutual Research Corp., MA [1]
(Alt. to R. N. Hansen,)
(Alt. to R. C. Merritt)
Stv rt D. Woodman, Chubb Fire Security, Canada [M]
Richard L. Koehler, American Fire & Electric Industries gAlt. to D. R. Todd)
I Inc., IL [IM)
(Alt. to W. A. Eckholm)
Nonvoting George A. Krabbe, Automatic Suppression Systems Inc.,
YechielSpector, Spectronix Ltd., Israel IL [IM]
H.V,Williamson, Roscoe,IL Mark T. Conroy, NFPA Staff Liaison Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documenis on fixed fire extinguishing systems utilizing bromotrifluoromethane and other similar halogenated extinguish, ing agents, covering the installation, maintenance and use of systems.
This list repre.sents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the text of this edstion. Sina that time. changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications isfound at the bark of this document.
NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and ofitself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves.
I i
1997 Edition
C A04598 REV Q comns p A g p.7/
11A-3 Contents Foreword.................................... 12A-4 Sfr Altitude Adjustments.................. 11A-10 3,/ Distribution System.................. 12A-10
/
- Chapter 1 General.......................... 12A-4 3-8 h.ozzle Cho,ce and Location...........
12A-10' i
' l.1 Scope.......................,-.......
12A-4 12 Purpose............................. 12A-4 Chapter 4 Inspection, Maintenance, 13 Definitions and Units.................. 12A-4 Testing, and 'Ikaining............... 12A-10 14 Use and Limitations.................. 12A-4 4-1 Inspection and Tests.................. 11A-10 15 Safe ty....................... 4.......12A-5 4-2 Container Test...................... 12A-10 4-3 Hose Test......................... 11A-1 1 Chapter 2 Components...................... 12A-5 4-4 Enclosure inspection................. 12A-11 2 Halon 1801 Supply.................... 12A-5 4-5 Maintenance........................ 12A-11 2-2 Distribution.......................... 12A-6 4-6 Training............................ 12A-I l 2-3 Detection, Actuation, Alarm, 4-7 Approval of Installations............... 11A-11 and Control Systems................... 12A-7 Chapter S System Design...................... 12A-8 Chapter 5 Referenced Publications............. 12A-13 3-1 ' Specifications, Plans, and Apprmals..... 12A-8 Appendix A............................... 12A-I S
^
S-2 System Flow Calculations................ IRA-8 3-3 Enclosure............................ 12A-9 Appendix B Enclosure lategrity Pmcedure...... 12A-44 S-4 Design Concentration Requirements..... 12A-9 Appendix C Referenced Publications........... 11A-54 3-5 Determination of Halon 1801 Quantity for Total Flooding Systems............. 12A-10 Index...................................... 11A-55
.- s 1997 Editon
CA04598 REVO 12A HAl>DN 1S01 FIRE EXTINGUISHtNG SYSTEMS NFPA 12A dard shall apply. Pre-engineered systems shall be installed to protect hazards within the limitations that have been estab-Standard on lished by the testing laboratories where listed.
j Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems 13 Definitions and Units.
1-3.1 Definitions. For purpose of clarification, the following 1997 Edition general terms used wiih special technical meanings in this standard are defined as shown below. Other terms used with NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter des-special technical meaning are defined or explained where
~
ignating a paragra h indicates that explanatory material on they occur in the standard.
the paragraph can found in Appendix A.
Information on referenced publications can be found in Appmved.* Acceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction.
Chapter 5 and Appendix C.
Authority llaving Jurisdiction.* The organization, office, Foreword or indh'idual responsible for approving equipment, an instal-lation, or a procedure.
^
IIalon 1301 (bromotriflueomethane or CBrF,) is a color-Clearance. The air distance between Italon 1501 equip-less, odorless, electncally nonconducuve gas that is an effec-ment, including piping and nozzles, and unenclosed or unin-uve medium for extinguishing fires. IIalon 1301 is mcluded in sulated live electrical components at other than ground the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the 0:one Layer yng,ggggg, signed September 16,1987. The protocol permits continued availability of halogenated fire extinguishing agents at 1986 Filling Density. The number of pounds of11alon 1801 per production levels. That protocol, and subsequent amend-cubic foot of container volume, ments, restrict the production of this agent. In addition, local Listed.* Equipment, materials, or services included in a jurisdictions within some countries (e.g., the EPA in the U.S.)
list published by an organization that is acceptable to the au-have enacted further rules regulating the production, use, thority havingjurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of handling, and deposition of this agent. The user of this stan-products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of dard is advised to consult local authorities for current regula-production of listed equipment or materials or periodic eval-tions. lialon 1301 fire extinguishing systems are useful within uation of services, and whose listing states that either the the limits of this standard in extinguishing fires in specific haz-equipment, material, or service meets identified standards or ards or equipment and in occupancies where an electrically has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.
nonconductive medium is essential or desirable, where Normally Occupied Area.* One that is intended for cleanup of other media presents a problem.
occupancy.
Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement.
Sh uld. Indicates a rec mmendation or that which is ad-Chapter 1 General vised but not required.
1-3.2 Units.
1 l* Scope. This standard contains minimum requirements for total flooding IIalon 1301 fire extinguishing systems. It in-1-3.2.1 Metric units of measurement in this standard are in cludes only the essentials necessary to make the standard accordance with the modernized metric system known as the workable in the hands of those skilled in this field.
International System of Units (SI). Two units (liter and bar),
Only those skilled in this work are competent to design,in-outside of but recognized by SI, are commonly used in inter-stall, maintain, decommission, and remove this equipment. It national fire protection. These units are listed in Table 1-3.2 might be necessary for many of those charged with purchas-with conversion factors.
ing, inspecting, testing, approving, operating, and maintain-g g
mg this equipment to consult wah an experienced and competent fire protection engineer to effectively discharge is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated their respective duties.
shall be regarded as the requirement. A given equivalent value i
g, g
j 1-2 Purpose. This standard is prepared for the use and guid-l ance of those charged with purchasing. designing, installing.
Table 13.2 Metric Conve sina Factors testin g, inspecting, approving, listing, operating, maintaining, decommissioning, and removing halogenated agent exti:>
Name of Unit Unit Conversion Factor guishing systems (llalon 1301), so that such equipment will function as intended throughout its life. Nothing in this stan-Liter L
1 gal-5.785 L dard is intended to restrict new technologies or alternate ar-Cubic decimeter dm' I gal = S.785 dm' rangements provided the level of safety prescribed by this p,
ggg p, standard is not lowered.
nar bar 1 psi = 0.0689 bar Pre-engineered systems (packaged systems) consist of sys-Bar bar 1 bar = 10' Pa
)
tem components designed to be installed according to pre.
tested limitations as approved or listed by a testing laboratory.
Pre-engineered systems sometimes incorporate special noz-1-4 Use and Limitations.
zles, flow rates, methods of application, nozzle placement, and pressurization levels that sometimes differ from those detailed 1-4.1 Total flooding Italon 1301 fire extinguishing systems elsewhere in this standard. All other requirements of the stan-are used primarily to protect hazards that are in enclomures or 1997 Edition J
m CA04598 REV0 cohtPONENTS 12A-5 equipment that. in itself, inchides an enclosure to contain the 1 5.2.1 When the design basic insulation level (BIL) is not agent. Some typical hazards that shall be permitted to use Ha-available and when nominal voltage is used for the design cri-lop (a)301 are as follows:
teria, the highest minimum clearance listed for this group 1
Electrical and electronic hazafds shall be used.
(b) Telecommunications 14.3* Decommissioning and Removal of Systems. Person.
(c) Flammable and combustible liquids and gases nel who are to decommission and remove systema or are to (d) Other high value assets handle system equipment shall be thoroughly trained and competent in safe procedures.
1-4.2 Halon 1301 shall not be used on the following:
(a) Certain chemicals or mixtures of chemicals such as cel-lulose nitrate and gunpowder, which are capable of rapid oxi-dation in the absence of air Chapter 2 Components (b) Reactive metals such as sodium, potassium, magne-slum, titanium, zirconium, uranium, and plutonium (c) Metalhydrides 1 Halon 1501 Supply.
(d) Chernicals capable of undergoing autothermal decom.
21.1 Quantities.
position, such as certain organic peroxides and hydrazine 21.1.1 The amount of Halon 1501 in the system shall be at 14.3*' Electrostatic charging of nongrounded conductors least sufficient for the largest single hazard protected or group can occur during the discharge ofliquefied gases. These con-of hazards that are to be protected simultaneously.
ductors can discharge to other objects, causing an electric are 2-1.1.2 Where required, the reserve quantity shall be as of sufficient energy to iniuate an explonon.
many multiples of these minimum amounts as the authority 1-4.4*
Where halon systems are used, a fixed enclosure shall having jurisdiction considers necessary. The time needed to be provided about the hazard that is adequate to enable the obtain Halon 1301 for replenishment to restore systems to op-specified concentration to be achieved and maintained for the crating conditions shall be considered a major factor in deter-specified period of time, mining the reserve supply needed.
14.5* Halon 1301 shall only be used in-enclosures where 2-1.1.3 Where uninterrupted protection is required, both ambient temperatures are between -70*F and 900'F (-57'C pnmary and reserve supply shall befpermanently connected m
and 482*C).
to the distribution piping and arranged for easy changepver.
I l-4.6 Duration of Protection. An effective agent concentra.
21.2* Quality. 'Ihe Halon 1301 shall comply with the av tion shall be achieved and maintained for a sufficient period of quirements of either Table 2-1.2 or ASTM E S24. Emergeialy Stan-time to allow effective emergency action by trained personnel.
dardM 'forHalon;UO1/Bromotrifluoromethane(CF B,)'.
f This is equally important in all classes of fires since a persistent N
ignition source (e.g., an arc, heat source, oxyacetylene torch, or " deep-seated" fire) can lead to a recurrence of the initial Table 21.2* Requirements for Halon 1301 event once the agent h'as dissipated. Halon 1501 extinguishing (Bromoednuommethane) systems normally provide protection for a period of minutes, but are excytionally effective for certain applications.
Property Requirement 1-5 Safety.
Bromotrifluoromethane, mole percent, minimum 99.6 1-5.l* Hazanis to Personnel.
Other halocarbons, mole percent, maximum 0.4 Acidity. ppm (by weight), maximum S.0 14.1.1 Unnecessary Exposure. Unnecessary exposure to Halon 1301 and its decomposition products shall be avoided.
Water content. percent by weight. maximum 0.001 Exposure to high concentrations or for prolonged periods can Boiling point. *C at 760 mm lig
-57.75 produce dizziness, impaired coordination, and disturbances Boiling range,'c,5 to 85 percent distilled 0.5 in cardiac :hythm.
High boiling impurities, grams /100 ml, maximum 0.05 Suitable safeguards shall be 'k 15.1.2* Safety Requirements.
Suspended matter or sediment None visible provided to ensure prompt evacuation and prevent entry into hazardous atmospheres and also to provide means for prompt rescue of any trapped personnel. Safety items such as personnel 2-1.3 Storage Container Arrangement.
trammg, warnmg s,gns, discharge alarms, and self contamed i
breathing equipment shall be considered.
2-1.3.1 Storage containers and accessories shall be so located and arranged that inspection, testing, recharging, and other 14.2 Electrical Clearances. All systera components shall be located to maintain no less than minimum clearances from maintenance is facilitated and mterrupuon of protection is held to a minimum, live electrical parts. The following references shall be consid-cred as the minimum electrical clearance requirements for 2-1.3.2 Storage containers shall be located as close as possible the installation of Halon 1301 systems:
to the hazard or hazards they protect but shall not be exposed (a) ANSI C 2, NationalElectricalSafety Cod, to a fire in a manner likely to impair system lwrformance.
(b) NFPA 70, NationalElectricalCode*
2-1.3.3 Storage containers shall not be located where they (c) Titic 29, Codc offederalRegulations, Part 1910. Subpart S are likely to be subject to severe weather conditions or 1997 Edition
CA04598 REV O 12A--6 ininN ison rlRE EXVINGUISHING SYSTEMS mechanical, chemical, or other damage. Where excessive cli-2-2 Distribution.
matic or mechanical exposures are expected, suitable safe-guards or enclosures shall be provided.
2-2.l* Piping.
/
22.1.l* Piping shall be of noncombustible material having 21.3.4 Storage containers shall be securely mounted per the physical and chemical characteristics such that its integrity manufacturer's listed or approved installation manual. This under stress can be predicted with reliability. Special corrosion-shall include mounting the container to the appropriate resistant materials or coatings shall be required in severely mounting surface.
corrosive atmospheres. The thickness of the pipe wall shall be calculated in accordance with ANSI B31.1, Power Piping Code.
2-1.4 Storage Containers.
The internal pressure for this calculation shall be the maxi.
2-1.4.1
- The lialon 1301 supply shall be stored in contain-mum storage pressure at the maximum storage temperature
[a 70 lb/ft' (1121 kg/m') density shall be assumed], but in no ers designed to hold Halon 1301 in liquefied form at ambient case shall t>e less than the following:
temperatures. Containers shall not be cha,rged to a fillmg density greater than 70 lb/ft (1121 kg/m ). They shall be (a) For 360 psig (2482 kPa) charging pressure, an internal superpressurized with dry nitrogen to 300 psig i 5 percent or pressure of 620 psi (4274 kPa) (130*F) (55*C) 600 psig i 5 percent total pressure at 70* F (248215 percent (b) For 600 psig (4137 kPa) charging pressure, an internal or 4137 kPa 2 5 percent total pressure at 21*C).
pressure of 1000 psi (6895 kPa) (130*F) (55'C)
If higher storage temperatures are approved for a given sys-Eueption: Listed prc<ngineered systems shall be permitted to hav' tem, the internal pressure shall be adjusted to the maximum different pressurization levels per Section 1-2.
internal pressure at maximum temperature. In performing 2-1.4.2 Each container shall have a permanent nameplate this calculation, alljoint factors and threading, grooving, or specifym, g the agent, tare, and gross weight m addition to the welding allowances shall be taken into account.
superpressurization level. A label that will require the proper 2-2.1.2 Cast-iron pipe, steel pipe conforming to ASTM A 120, return of the agent shall be affixed to all new and existing con.
Spea]icationsfor Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe, or nonmetallic tainers. Filled containers must be returned for recycling or re-pipe shall not be used.
covery of the agent when no longer needed.
2-2.1.5 Where used, flexible piping, tubing, or hose (includ-2-1.4.3 The Halon 1301 containers used in these systems shall ing c nnecti ns) shall be of approved materials and pressure be designed to meet the requirements of the U.S. Department
'"""E8' ofTransportation in Subpart C, Section 178.36 through 178.68 22.1.4 Each pipe section shall be cleaned internally after
/
of Title 49, "Fransportation," of the Code offederalRegulations, preparation and before assembly by means of swabbing, utiliz-
\\
Parts 170-190, or the Canadian Transport Commission's " Reg-ing a suitable nonflammable cleaner. The piping network ulations for Transportation of Dangerous Commodities by shall be free of particulate matter and oil residue before instal-Rail," if used as shipping containers. If not a shipping con-lation of nozzles or discharge devices.
tainer, it shall be designed, fabricated, inspected, certified, and 2-2.1.5' In systems where valve arrangement introduces sec-stamped m accordance with Section Vill of the ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code; mdependent inspection and certification is tions of closed piping, such sections shall be equipped with recommended. The design pressure shall be suitable for the pressure relief devices or the valves shall be designed to pre-maximum pressure developed at 130*F (55'C) or at the maxi-vent entrapment ofliquid. In systems using pressure operated mum controlled temperature limit.
cylinder vahes, means shall be provided to vent any container leakage that could build up pressure in the pilot system and 21.4.4 A reliable means of indication shall be provided to cause unwanted opening of the cylinder valve. The means of determine the pressure in refillable containers. The means of Pressure venting shall be arranged so as not to prevent reliable indication shall account for variation of container pressure Operation of the cylinder valve.
with temperature.
22.1.6 All pressure relief devices shall be of such design and so located that the discharge therefrom will not injure person-21.4.5 When manifolded, containers shall be adequately nel or be otherwise objectionable.
mounted and suitably supported in a rack that provides for convenient individual servicing or content weighings. Auto.
2-2.2 PipingJoints. Pipingjoints of other than the screwed matic means shall be provided to prevent agent loss from the or flanged type shall be listed or approved for this applicauon, manifold if the system is operated when any containers are re-2-2.3* Fittings. Fittings for 600 psig (4137 kPa) charging moved for maintenance.
pressure systems shall have a minimum working pressure of 1000 psi (6895 kPa). Systems utilizing 300 psig (2482 LPa) 21.4.0 In a multiple cylinder system. all cylinders supplym.g charging pressure shall use fittings having a minimum work-the same manifold outlet for distribution of agent shall be m-ng pressure of 620 psi (4274 LPa).
terchangeable and of one select size and charge.
2-2.3.1 Class 150 lb and cast-iron fittings shall not be used.
2-1.4.7 Storage temperatures shall not exceed 130*F (55'C) 2 2.3.2 All threads used injoints and fittings shall conform to nor be less than -20*F (-29'C) for total floodmg systems un-less the system is designed for proper operation with storage ANSI Bl.20.1. Joint compound, tape, or thread lubricant shall temperatures outside this range. External heatmg or cooling be applied only to the male threads of thejoint.
shall be used to keep the temperature of the storage container 22.3.3 Welding alloys shall have a melting point above within desired ranges.
1000*F (538'C).
1997 Edition
1 CA04598 REV O PAGE D,
w-=s is.4_7 2-2.3.4 Welding shall be performed in accordance with Sec.
2-3.3 Operating Desices.
tion IX, -Qualification Standard for Weiding and Brazing Pro-cedures, Welders Brazen and Welding and Brazing Operators.
2-3.3.1 Operating desices shall include Halon 1301 releasing of the ASME BoilerandPressure ussel Code.
devices or valves, discharge controls, and shutdown equip.
ment necessary for successful performance of the system.
2 2.3.5 Where copper, stainless steel, or other suitable tub.
2-3.3.2 Operation shall be by listed or approved mechanical mg a jomed with compression-type fittings, the manufac-turer's pressure-temperature ratings for the fitting shall not be electrical, or pneumatic means. An adequate and reliable exceeded.
source of energy shall be used.
2-3.3.3 All devices shall be designed for the senice they will 2-2.4 Valves" encounter and shall not be readily rendered inoperative or 2-2.4.1 All valves shall be listed or approved for the intended susceptible to accidental operation. Devices shall be normally
- use, designed to function properly from -20*F to 150'F (-29*C to 65'C) or marked to indicate temperature limitations.
2-2.4.2 Valves shall be protected against mechanical, chemi-2-3.3.4 All devices shall be located, installed, or suitably ro-cal, or other damage.
tected so that they are not subject to mechanical, chemic, or 2-2.4.3 Special corrosion-resistant materials or coatings shall other damage that would render them inoperative.
be used in severely corrosive atmospheres.
23.3.5 The normal manual control (s) for actuation shall be 2-2.5 Discharge Nozzles.
located for easy accessibility at all times, including time of fire within the protected area. The manual control (s) shall be of 2-2.5.1 Discharge nozzles shall be listed for use including the distinct appearance and clearly recognizable for the purpose flow characteristics and area of coverage. Discharge orifices intended. Operation of this control shall cause the complete shall be of corrosion-resistant metal.
system to operate in its normal fashion.
2-2.5.2 Special corrosion-resistant materials or coatings shall 2-3.3.6 An emergency release of the system resulting from a be required in severely corrosive atmospheres.
single manual operation shall be provided. This shall be ac-complished by a mechanical manual release or by an electrical 2-2.5.3' Discharge nozzles shall be permanently marked to manual release when the control equipment monitors the bat-identify the manufacturer as well as the type and size of the tery voltage level of the standby battery supply and provides a orifice.
low battery signal. The emergency release shall cause simulta-i neous operation of automatically operated valves controlling 2-2.5.4 Where clogging by external foreign materials is agentreleaseand distribution, e i
likely, discharge nozzles shall be,provided with frangible discs, f,,%
bloweff caps, or other suitable devices. These devices shall 2-3.3.7*
Manual controls shall not require a pull df',more provide an unobstructed opening upon system operation and than 40 lb (178 newtons) nor a movement of more thani14 in.
shall be located so they will not injure personnel.
(356 mm) to secure operation. At least one manual control for activation shall be located not more than 5 ft (1.5 m) above the Door.
2-3 Detection, Actuation, Alarm, and Control Sptems.
2-3.1 Detection, actuation, alarm, and control systems shall be 2-3g.8 Where gas pressure from the system or pilot contain-installed, tested, and maintained in accordance with NFPA 70, ers is used as a means for releasing the remaining contamers, NationalElectncal Code, and NFPA 72, NationalMrc Alarm Code.
the supply and discharge rate shall be designed for releasmg in Canada refer to ULC S524-M86, Standardfor thcInstallation aH f the remam, g contamen.
m offire Alarm Systems, and ULC S529-M87, SmokeDetectorsforfire 2-3.3.9 All devices for shutting down supplementary equip-Alarm Systems-ment shall be considered integral parts of the system and shall P#'*
2-3.1.1 Automatic detection and automatic actuation shall be used.
2-3.3.10 All manual operating devices shall be identified as to the hazard they protect.
Exceptson: Afanualenly actuation shall be permitted to be used af acceptable to the authority havingjurisdiction.
2-3.4 Cwtrol Fquipment.
2-3.2 Automatic Detection.
2-3.4.1 Electric Control Equipment. The control equipment shall supenise the actuating devices and associated wiring 2-3 2.l*
Automatic detection shall be by any listed or ap-and, as required, cause actuation. The control equipment proved method or device capable of detecting and indicating shall be specifically listed or approved for the number and heat, flame, smoke, combustible vapors. or an abnormal con-type of actuating devices utilized. and their compatibility shall dition in the hazard, such as process trouble, that is likely to have been listed or approved.
produce fire.
2-3.4.2 Pneumatic Contml Equipment. Where pneumatic 2-3.2.2 Adequate and reliable primary and 24-hour mini-control equipment is used, the lines shall be protected against mum standby sources of energy shall be used to provide for crimping and mechanical damage. Where installations could operation of the detection, signaling, control, and actuation be exposed to conditions that could lead to loss ofintegrity of requirements of the system.
the pneumatic lines, special precautions shall be taken. The 1997 Edmon l
1 e
C A04598 REV O P AGE 76 12A-8 HALON IS01 FIRE EXTINGt 15HING SYSTEMS control equipment shall be specifically listed or approved for 3-1.2 Plans and Approvals.
the number and type of actuating devices utilized, and their I
compatibility shall have been listed or approved.
31.2.1 Plans and calculations shall be submitted for ap-j proval to the authority havingjurisdiction before installation 2-3 5 Operating Alarms and Indicators.
begins. Their preparation shall be entrusted only to persons fully experienced and qualified in the design of IIalon 1301 2-3.5.1 Alarms or indicators or both shall be used to indicate extinguishing systems.
1 the operation of the system, hazards to personnel, or failure of any supervised device. The type (audible, visual, or olfactory),
11.2.2 These plans shall be drawn to an indicated scale or be number, and location of the devices shall be such that their suitably dimensioned and shall be made so they can be easily purpose is satisfactorily accomplished. The extent and type of reproduced.
alarms or indicator equipment or both shall be approved.
i St.2.3 nese plans shall contain sufficie it detail to enable an 2-3.5.2 Audible and highly visible alarms shall be provided to evaluation of the hazard (s) and the effecuveness of the system.
give positive warning of discharge. The operation of tiie warn-The detail of the hazards shallinclude th materials involved in ing devices shall be continued after halon discharge, until pos-the hazards, the location of the hazards, the enclosure or limits itive action has been taken to acknowledge the alarm and and isolation of the hazards, and the exposures to the hazards.
proceed with appropriate action.
3-1.2.4 The detail on the system sha!! include information 2-3.5.3
- Abort switches are generally not recommended.
and calculations on the amount ofIIalon 1301; container stor-Ilowever, where provided they shall be located only within the age pressure; internal volume of the container; the location, protected area and shall be of a type that requires constant type, and flow rate of each nozzle including equivalent orifice manual pressure to cause abort. The abort switch shall not be area; the location, size, and equivalent lengths of pipe, fittings, of a type that would, allow the system to be left in an aborted and hose; and the location and size of the storage facility. De-mode without someone present. In all cases, the normal man-taih of pipe size reduction method and orientation of tees ual and emergency manual control shall override the abort shall be clearly indicated. Information shall be submitted per.
function. Operation of the abort function shall result in both taining to the location and function of the detection devices, audible and distinct visual indication of wystem impairment.
operating devices, auxiliary equipment, and electrical cir-The abort switch shall be clearly recognizable for the purpose cuitry, if used. Apparatus and devices used shall be identif ed, intended.
Any special features shall be adequately explained. The man-ufacturer's version of the flow calculation program shall be 2-3.5.4 Alarms indicating failure of supervised devices or identified on the computer calculation printout. Only the cur-equipment shall give prompt and positive indicatiori of any rently listed calculation method shall be used.
failure and shall be distinctive from alarms indicating opera-tion or hazardous conditions.
3-1.2.5 An as-built instruction an'd maintenance manual that includes a full sequence of operation and a full set ' f drawings o
2-3.5.5 Warning and instruction signs at entrances to and in-and calculations shall be maintained in a clearly ~ideritified side C d areas shall be provided.
protective enclosure at or hear the system control panel.
2-3.5A Hne delays shall be used only where discharge delay 31.3 When field conditions riecessitate any material change is required for personnel evacuation or to prepare the hazard from approved plans, the change shall be submitted for area for discharge. Time delays shall not be used as a means of approval.
confirming operation of a detection device before automatic actuation occurs.
31.3.1 When such material changes from approved plans are made, corrected as-built plans shall be provided.
j 2-3.6* Unwanted System Operation. Care shall be taken to l
thoroughly evaluate and correct any factors that could result in unwanted discharges.
3-2* System Flow Calculations.
1 3-2.1 As part of the design procedure, system flow calcula-tions shall be performed using a listed calculation methc,d.
The system design shall be within the manufacturer's listed Chapter 3 System Design limitations.
3-2.2 Nozzle orifice sizes shall be selected to achieve the de-3-1 Specifications, Plans, and Approvals.
signed flow rate. The nozzle must be selected by consulting the discharge characteristic information in the manufac-3-1.1 Specifications. Specifications for IIalon 1501 fire ex-turer's listed design manual. Flow should be calculated on the tinguishing systems shall be prepared under the supervision of basis of an average container pressure during discharge, tak-a person fully experienced and qualified in the design oflia-ing into account the original pressurization level, storage fill-lon 1301 extinguishing systems and with the advice of the au-ing density, and percent in piping for 70*F (21*C) storage thority havingjurisdiction. The specifications shall include all temperature as shown in Figure A-3-2.4(e),
pertinent items necessary for the proper design of the system such as the designation of the authority havingjurisdiction, 3-2.3 Valves shall be rated for equivalent length in terms of variances from the standard to be permitted by the authority the pipe or tubing sizes with which they will be used. The equiv-havingjurisdiction, and the type and extent of the approval alent length of container valves shall be listed and shall include testing to be performed after installation of the system.
siphon tube, valve, discharge head, and flexible connector.
1997 Edition
C A04598 REV 0 sysTut DFstcN 12A-9 3-2.4
- The nozzle and fitting orientation shall be in accor-CAUTION: Under certain ccnditions, it could be dan-dance with the manufacturer's listed limitations to ensure gerous to extinguish a burning gasjet. As a first measure, proper system performance.
the gas supply should be shut off.
j 5-2.5 If the finalinstallation varies from the prepared calcu.
The minimum design concentrations specified in Table lations, new calculations representing the as-built installation 5-4.1.1 shall be used to inert atmospheres invohing several shall be prepared.
flammable liquids and gases. Design inerting concentrations not given in Table 3-4.1.1 shall be determined by test plus a 10 3-2.6*
Italon 1301 total flooding systems shall not be used in percent safety factor. The minimum design concentration concentrations greater than 10 percent in normally occupied shall be 5 percent.
areas. Areas that might contain 10 percent llalon 1501 shall be evacuated immediately upon discharge of the agent. Where egress cannot be accomplished within 1 minute, IIalon 1301 Table $4.1.1 Italon 1501 Design total flooding systems shall not be used in normally occupied Concentrations for Inerting areas in concentrations greater than 7 percent.
I S2.7
- IIalon 1301 total flooding systems utilizing concentra-NIume Fuel tions greater than 10 percent but not exceeding 15 percent shall be permitted to be used in areas not normally occupied, Acetone 7.6 provided egress can be accomplished within 30 seconds.
Benzene 5'0 Where egress cannot be accomplished within 30 seconds or Ethanol 11.1 where concentrations greater than 15 percent must be used.
provisions shall be made to prevent inhalation by personnel.
Ethylene 13.2 liydrogen 31.4 SS Enclosure.
hiethane 7.7 n-lieptane 6.9 S3.1 In the design of total flooding systems, the characterie Propane 6.7 tics of the enclosure shall be considered as follows.
' Coll. John P.. *Inenmg Characterisucs of !!alon 1301 S3.1.1 For all types of fires, the area of unclosable openings and 1211 with Wrious Combustibles.* Fenwal Inc.. Re-shall be kept to a minimum. The authority havingjurisdiction port PSR 661. july 16,1976.
can require tests to ensure proper performance as defined by NOTE.: Includes a safety factor of 10 percent added s
I this standard.
tmPemnental value'
,i 35.1.2* To p'revent loss of agent through openings to adja-cent hazards or work areas, openings shall be permanently 3-4.1.2* Dame Extingnkhment.' The minimum design con-sealed or equipped with automatic. closures. Where reason-centrations specified in Table'3-4.1.2 shall be used to extin-able confinement of agent is not practicable, protection shall guish normal fires invohing several flammable liquids and be extended to include the adjacent connected hazards or gases. Design flame extinguishment concentrations not given work areas.
in Table S-4.1.2 shall be obtained by test plus a 20 percent safety S3.1.5 f.orced-air ventilating systems including in-room air factor. Minimum design concentrations shall be 5 percent.
conditioning units shall be shut down or closed automatically where their continued operation would e<lversely affect the Table $4.1.2* Italon 1301 Design Concentrations performance of the llalon 1501 system or result in propaga-for name Extinguishment (in 25'C at I atm) tion of the fire.
Minimum Design Conc.
54 Design Coneentrau,on Requirements.
Fuel
% by Volume S4.l
- For a particula: fuel, either flame extinguishment or Acet ne 50 ir.erting concentrations shall be used.
Benzene 5.0 3-4.1.1 Inerting. The inerting concentrations shall be used Ethanol 5.0 where conditions for subsequent reflash or explosion could Ethylene 8.2 exist. These conditions are found when both of the following hiethane 5.0 two situations occur:
n41eptane 5.0 (a) The quantity of fuel permitted in the enclosure is suffi-Propane 5.2 cient to develop a concentration equal to or greater than one-half of the lower flammable limit throughout the enclosure.
(b) The volatility of the fuel before the fire is sufficient t 3-4.1.3 For combinations of fuels, the flame extinguishment reach the lower flammable limit in air (maximum ambient or inerting value for the fuel requiring the greatest concentra-temperature or fuel temperature exceeds the closed cup flash tion shall be used unless tests are made on the actual mixture.
point temperature), or the system response is not rapid enough to detect and extinguish the fire before the volatihty 34.2* Fires in Solid hf aterials. Flammable solids shall be of the fuel is increased to a dangerous level as a result of the classified as those that do not develop deep-seated fires and fire.
those that do.
1997 Eclition
CA04598 REV 0 12A-10 HAtow son rinz ExTINCtJISHING SETEMS
' S4.2.1* Solid Surface Fires. To protect materials that do tinguished by a marked change in both the sound and the ap-not develo deep-seated fires, a minimum concentration of pearance of the discharge.
5 percent s all be used.
S7.2*
When an ext nded discl arge is necessary, the rate 3
3 4.2.2 Deep Seated Fires. Where the solid material is in shall be sufficient to aintain the desired concentration for such a form that a deep-seated fire can be established before the duration of application.
a flame extinguishing concentration has been achieved, provi-sions shall be made to the satisfaction of the authority having S8 Nozzle Choice and Location, j
tion for a means to effect complete extinguishment of
$8.1 Nozzles shall be of the type listed br the intended pur-pose and shall be placed withia the protected enclosure in li C mP ance with listed limitations with regard to spacing, floor 3-5 Determination of Halon 1801 Quantity for Total coverage, and alignment.
3-8.2*
The type of nozzles selected, their number, and their 3-5.1* Total Hooding Quantity. The amount of Halon 1801 P acement shall be such that the design concentration will be l
re9uired to achieve the desi " concentration shall be calcu.
established in all parts of the hazard enclosure and such that 8
lated from the following formula:
the discharge will not unduly splash flammable liquids or cre.
ate dust clouds that might extend the fire, create an explosion, W =
100- C) or otherwise adversely affect the contents or integrity of the s
enclosure.
where:
s = 2.2062 + 0.005046 Chapter 4 Inspection,. Maintenance, where:
Testing, and 'IYaining i = minimum anticipated temperature of the protected volume (*F) 4.l* Inspection and Tests.
s = 0.14781 + 0.000567:.
41.1 At least semiannually, all systems shall be thoroughly in-spected, tested, and documented for proper operation by where:
i = minimum anticipated temperature of the protected trained competent personnel. Tests shall be in accordance volume (*C) wah the appmpnate NFPA or Canadian standards.
[
4 1.2 The documented report with recommendations shall b
C = Halon 1501 concentration, percent by volume enclosed volume minus be filed with the owner., ' '
V = tiet volume of hazard [ft' (m'),
m a <,
N<
fixed s.truct6rc'slmpervious to on)l[
+1.3 The agent quantity and pressure of refillable contain-This calculation includes an allowance for normalleakage era shall be checked. If a container shows a loss in net weight from a
- tight" c.nclosure due to agent expansion..
f m re than 5 percent or a loss in pressure (adjusted for tem-
~.
perature) of more than 10 percent, it shall be refilled or re-3-5.2
- In addition to the, concentration requirements, ad-placed. When the amount of agent in the container is ditional quantities of agent are required to compensate for determined by special measuring devices in lieu of weighing, any special conditions that would affect the extinguishing these devices shall be listed.
- "'I' 4-1.4
- All halon removed from refillsble containers during 56* AltitudeAdjustments. The design quantityofHalon lS01 service or maintenance procedures shall be collected for shall be adjusted to compensate for altitudes of more than recycling.
3000 ft (1000 m) above or below sea level and pressures that 4-1.5 Factory-charged nonrefillable containers that do not vary by 10 percent above or below standard sea level pressure (29.92 in. Hg at 70*F). The Halon 1501 quantity shall be cor-have a means of pressure mdication shall be weighed at least rected by multiplying the quantity determined in S5.1 and semiannually. If a container shows a loss m net weight of more S-5.2 by the ratio of average ambient enclosure pressure to than 5 percent,it shall be replaced. All factory-charged non-refillable contamers removed from useful service shall be re-standard su level pressure.
turned for recycling of the agent.
3-7 Distribution System.
4-1.6 The weight and pressure of the container shall be re-3-7.l* Rate of Application.
c rded on a tag attached to the container.
S-7.1.1 The minimum design rate of application shall be based 4-2 ContainerTest.
on the quantity of agent required for the desired concentration 4-2.1 DOT, CTC, or similar design Halon 1801 cylinders and the time allotted to achieve the desired concentration.
shall not be recharged without a retest if more than five years 3-7.1.2 Discharge Time. The agent discharge shall be sub-have elapsed since the date of the last test and inspection.The stantially completed ir} a nominal 10 seconds or as otherwise retest shall be permitted to consist of a complete visual inspec-
- required by the authority havingjurisdiction.
tion as described in the Code of Federaf Regulations, Title 49, This period shall be measured as the interval between the
' Transportation," Parts 170-190 and Subpart C. Section
, first appearance ofliquid at the nozzle and the time when the 175.34(e)(10), and Section 178.36 through 178.68. In Can-discharge becomes predominantly gaseous. This point is dis-ada, the corresponding information is set forth in the Cana-i 1997 Edition
CA04698 REV O INSPECTION. kiMN'TENANCE. TESTING. MD TRAMING 12A-11 dian Transport Commission's Regulationsfor the Tmnsportation protection shall be reported promptly to the authority having ofDangerous Commodities by Rail jurisdiction.
4-2.2 Cylinders continuously in service without discharging j-5.2 Any troubles or impairments shall be corrected at once shall be given a complete external visual inspection es ery five by competent personnel.
years,in accordance with Compressed Can Association pam-phlet C6, Section 3, except that the c4inders need not be 4-5.3 Any penetrations made through the halon-protected emptied or stamped while under pressu.
enci sure shall be sealed immediately. The method of sealing shall restore the ongmal fire resistance rating and tightness of 4-2.3 Where external visual inspection indicates that the the enclosure.
container has been damaged, additional strength tests shall be required.
4-6 'Itaining. All persons who could be expected to inspect, test, maintain, operate, or decommission and remove fire ex-CAUTION: If additional tests used include hydrostatic tinguishing systems shall be thoroughly trained and kept thor-testing, contain-rs should be thoroughly dried before re-oughly trained in the functions they are expected to perform.
filling.
4-6.1 Personnel working in a halon-protected enclosure 4-2.4 Before recharging a container, a visualinspection ofits shall receive training regarding halon safety issues.
interior shall be performed.
4-3 Home Test. All system hoses shall be examined annually 4-7* Approval of Installations.
for damage. If visual examination shows any deficiency, the 4-7.1 The completed system shall be tested by qualified per-hose shall be immediately replaced or tested as specified in s nnel t meet the approval of the authority havmgjurisdic-4-3.1' tion. Only listed or approved equipment and devices shall be 4-3.1 All hoses shall be tested at 1500 psi (10342 LPa) for used in the systems. To determine that the system has been 600-psi (413/-LPa) charging pressure systems, and at 900 psi properly installed and will function as specified, the tests in (6205 kPa) for 360-psi (2482-kPa) charging pressure systems.
+7.2.1,4-7.2.2,4-7.2.3, and 4-7.2.4 shall be performed.
The test shall be performed as follows:
4-7.2 Installation Acceptance.
(a) Remove the hose from any attachment.
(b) The hose assembly is then to be placed in a protective 4-7.2.1 Mechanical Acceptance.
enclosure designed to permit visual observation of the test.
4-7.2.1.1 The piping distribution system sha'll be inspected (c) The hose must be completely filled with water before to determine that it is in compliance with the system drawings
-I tesung.
and the hydraulic calculations indicated on the computer (d) Pressure.then is applied'at a rate of-pressure rise to Printout associated with each agent stora6e container piping
'l reach the test pressure within a minimum of one minute. 'Ihe and nozzle configuration.
""?'
+
test pressure is to be maintained for one full mintite. Observ'a-4-7.2.I'.2 Nozzles b pipe ize alb be in accor nce with tions are then made to note any distoruon or leakage.
system drawings. Means of pipe size reduction and attitudes of (c) If the test pressure has not dropped or if the couplings tees shall be checked for conformance to the design.
have not moved, the pressure is released.The hose assembly is then considered to have passed the hydrostatic test if no per.
4-7.2.1.3 Pipingjoints, discharge nozzles, and piping sup-manent distortion has taken place.
Ports shall be securely fastened to prevent unacceptable move-(f) Hose assembly passing the test must be competely ment during discharge.
dried internally. If heat is used for drying, the temperature 47.2.1.4 During assembly, the piping distribution system must not exceed 150'F (66*C).
shall be inspected internally to detect the possibility of any oil (g) Hose assemblies failing a hydrostatic test must be de-or particulate matter soiling the hazard area or affecting the stroyed. They shall be replaced with new assemblies, agent distribution due to a reduction in the effective noule nfice area.
(h) Each hose assembly passing the hydrostatic test shall be marked to show the date of test.
47.2.1.5 The discharge nozzle shall be oriented in such a 4-3.2 All hoses shall be tested every 5 years in accordance manner that optimum agent dispersal can be effected.
with 4-3.1.
4-7.2.1.6 If nozzle deflectors are installed, they shall be posi-4-4 EnclosureInspection. At least every 6 months the halon.
tioned to obtain maximum benefit.
protected enclosure shall be thoroughly inspected to deter-4-7.2.1.7 The discharge nozzles, piping, and mounting mme tf penetrations or other changes have occurred that brackets shall be installed in such a manner that they will not could adversely affect halon leakage
- potentially cause injury to personnel.
Where the inspection indicates that conditions that could result in inability to rnaintain the halon concentration, they (a) The b. quid phase of the discharge shall not come m shall be corrected. If uncertainty still exi:ts, the enclosures c ntact with people performing their normal tasks.
shall be retested for integrity.
(b) Agent shall not directly impinge on any loose objects or shelves, cabinet tops, or similar surfaces where loose ob-1 4-5 Maintenance.
jects could be present and become miniles.
)
4-5.1 These systems shall be maintained in full operating 4-7.2.1.8 All agent storage containers shall be properly lo -
condition at all times. Use, impairment, and restoration of this cated in accordance with an approved set of system drawings.
1997 Edition i
CA04598 REV O 11A-12 IIAIM 1s01 FIRE UcT!WGUISWNG SY5mf 5 4-7.2.1.9 All containers and mounting brackets shall be adon in accordance with system requirements and design securely fastened in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. If possible, all air-handling and power-cutoff requirements.
controls shall be of the type that, once interrup) 4-7.2.1.10 If a discharge test is to be codducted, containers m8nualreStartt restore power.
for the agent to be used shall be weighed before and atter dis-4-7.2.3.6 Silencing of alarms (if desirable) shall not affect charge. Fill weight of container shall be verified by weighing other auxiliary functions such as air handling or power-cutoff or other approved methods.
if required in the design specification.
4-7.2.1.11 Adequate quantity of agent to produce the desired 4-7.2.3.7 The detection devices shall be checked for proper specified concentration shall be provided. The actual room vol-type and location as specified on the system drawings.
umes shall be checked against those indicated on the system 47.2.3.8 Detectors shall not be located near obstructions or drawings to ensure the proper quantity of agent. Fan coastdown and damper closure ume shall be taken mto consideracon.
air ventilation and cooling equipment that would appreciably affect their response characteristics. Where applicable, air 4-7.2.1.12 The piping shall be pneumatically tested in a changes for the protected area shall be taken into consider.
closed circuit for a period of 10 minutes at 150 psig (1034 kPa).
ation. Refer to NFPA 72, NaticnalFire Alarm Code, and the man-At the end of 10 minutes, the pressure drop shall not exceed ufacturer's recommended guidelines concerning this area.
20 percent of the test pressure. When pressurizing the piping.
4-7.2.3.9 The detectors shall bc installed in a professional pressure shall be mcreased in 50-psi (3.5-bar) increments.
manner and in accordance with technical data regarding their CAUTION: Pneumade pressure testing creates a po.
installation.
tential risk of injury to personnel in the area, as a result 4 7.2.3.10 Manual pull stations shall be properly installed, of airborne projectiles, ifrupture of the piping system oc-curs. Prior to conducu,ng the pneumatic pressure test, readily accessible, accurately identified, and properly pro-the protected area shall be evacuated and appropnate tected to prevent damage.
safeguards shall be provided for test personnel.
4-7.2.3.11 All manual stations used to release halon shall re-Exception: The pressure test shall be permitted to be omitted ifthe to-quire two separate and distinct actions for operation. They talpiping contains no more than one change sn dsrection fitting be.
shall be properly identified. Particular care shall be taken tween the storage mntainer and the discharge nozzle, and where all where manual release devices for more than one system are in piping is physically chedadfor tightness.
close proximity and could be confused or the wr'ong system ac-tuated. Manual stations in this instance shall be clearly identi-4-7.2.1.13 A puff test with nitroget. shall be performed to fled as to which zone or suppression area they affect.
check for continuous piping.
4-7.2.3.12 For systems with a main / reserve capability, the 4-7.2.2* Enclosure Integrity Acceptance.
11 total floodirig main / reserve switch shall be properly installed, readily acces-systems shall have the enclosure examined'and tested to lo.
sible, and clearlyidentified.
cate and then effectively seal any significant air leaks that 1 7.2.3.13 For syste$ris'using abort switches, the switchies shall could result in a failure of the enclosure to hold the specified be of the deadman type requiring constant manual pressure, Halon 1301 concentration level for the specified holding pe-properly installed, ' eadily accessible within the hazard area, r
riod. The currently preferred method is using a blower door fan unit and smoke pencil. If quantitative results are re-and clearly identified. Switches that remain in the abort posi-tion when released shall not be used for this purpose. Manual corded, these could be useful for comparison kt future tests.
pull stations shall always override abort switches.
4-7.2.3 Electrical Acceptance.
4-7.2.3.14 The control unit shall be properly installed and 47.2.3.1 All wiring systems shall be properly installed in readily accessible.
compliance with system drawings.
4-7.2.4 FunctionalTesting.
4-7.2.3.2 All field circuitry shall be measured for ground 47.2.4.1 Preliminary functional tests shall include the fol-fault and short circuit condition. When measuring field cir-lowing:
cuitry, all electronic components (such as smoke and flame detectors or special electronic equipment for other detectors (a) If the system is connected to an alarm receiving office.
or their mounung bases) shall be removed andjumpers prop-the alarm receiving office shall be notified that the system test erly installed to prevent the possibility of damage within these is a be conducted and that an emergency response by the fire devices. Replace components after measuring.
depetment or alarm station personnelis not desired. All con-cerne d personnel at the end user's facility shall be notified 4-7.2.3.3 Power shall be supplied to the control unit from a tha' a test is to be conducted and instructed as to the se-separate dedicated source that will not be shut down on system quence of operation.
operation.
tb) Each agent storage container release mechanism shall i
4-7.2.3.4 Adequate and reliable primary and 24-hour mini-be disabled so that activation of the release circuit will not re-mum standby sources of energy shall be used to provide for lease agent. The release circuit shall be reconnected with a i
operation of the detection, signaling, control, and actuation functi nal device in lieu of each agent storage container re-requirements of the system.
lease mechanism. For electncally actuated release mecha-nisms, these devices shall sometimes include 24-voh lamps, 4-7.2.3.5 All auxiliary functions such as alarm sounding or flash bulbs, or circuit breakers. Pneumatically actuated re-displaying devices, remote annunciators, air handling shut-lease mechanisms shall sometimes include pressure gauges.
down, and power shutdown shall be checked for proper oper-Refer to the manufacturer's recommendations in all cases.
1997 Edition l
C A04598 REV O P A6E FI 12A-13 REFERENCED PtJBt.ICATIONS/ APPENDIX A (c) Each initiating device shall be checked for proper re-of this standard. Some of these mandatory documents might
- sponse, also be referenced in this standard for specific informational be checked to ensure that polarity has been observed.
~_ Purposes and, therefore, are also Inted in Appendix C.
(d) All polarized alarm desices and auxiliary relays shall 5-1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa-(e) All endof-line resistors shall be checked to ensure that tion,1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-they have been installed across the detection and alarm bell 9101.
circuits where required.
NFPA 70, NationalElectncal Code,1996 edition.
(f) All supervised circuits shall be checked for proper trou-NFPA 72, Nationalfire Alann Code,1996 edition.
ble response.
(g) All supervisory devices shall be checked for proper op.
5-1.2 Other Publications.
eration-51.2.1 ANSIPublications. American National Standards In-4-7.2.4.2 System functional operational test shallinclude the stitute, Inc.,1450 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.
following:
ANSI Bl.20.1, Standard for hpe Threads, General Purpose, (a) Operate detection inidating circuit (s). All alarm func.
1983-tions shall occur according to the design specification.
ANSI B31.1, PowerAping Code,1996.
(b) Operate the necessary circuit (s) to initiate halon release.
ANSI C 2, NationalElectricalSafety Code,1997.
(r) Operate manual release. Verify that manual release 5-1.2.2 ASME Publicatie.,ns. American Society of Mechanical funct ons occur accordmg to design specificauons.
Engineers,345 East 4*th Street, New York, NY 10017.
(d) If supplied, operate abort switch circuit. Verify that abort functions occur accordmg to this standard (see 2-3.5.3).
ASME Boiler asd fressure ressel, Code,1995.
Confirm that visual and audible supervisory' signals are re-ASME Unfred Pressure ressel Code,1989.
ceived at the contrc* panel.
5-1.2.3 ASTM Publications. American Society for Testing (c) All automatic valves shall be tested unless testing the and Materials,100 Barr liarbor Drive, West Conshohocken, valve will release halon or damage the valve (destructive PA 19428-2959.
0"8 E '
ASTM A 120, Speapcationsfor Welded and Seamless SteelPipe, (f) Where required, pneumatic equipment shall be checked 1984.
for integrity to ensure proper operation.
5STM E S24, Emergency Standard Speafcationfor IIalon 1301,
)
4-7.2.4.3 Testing of remote monitoring operations, if appli-Bromornfuoromethane (CF3 Br)1,1993.
cable, shall include the following:
51.2.4 CGA - Publication. Compressed Gas Association, (a) Operate rme of each type of input device while on 1235Je'fferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202.
standby power. Verify that an alarm signal is received at re-CGA C.6, Standardfor VisuadrSpection ofSteel Compressed Gas mote panel after device is operated. Reconnect primary power supply.
(b) Operate each type of alarm condition on each signal 5-1.2.5 CTC Publication. Canadian Transport Commission,
' circuit and verify receipt of trouble condition at the remote Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Ontario.
station.
Regulationsfor Transportation ofDangerous Commodities ly Rail.
4-7.2.4.4 Testing of the control panel primary power source 51.2.6 ULC Publications. Underwriters Laboratories of shallinclude the following:
Canada. 7 Crouse Road, Scarborough, Ontario, C.anada MlR (a) Verify that the control panel is connected to a dedi-SA9.
cated circuit and labeled properly. This panel shall be readily ULC S524-M86, Standardfor the Installation offire Alarm Sys-accessible, yet testricted to unauthorized personnel.
(b) A primary power failure Aall be tested in accordance ULC S529-M87, Smoke Detectorsforfire Alarm Systems.
with the manufacturer's specification with the system fully op-erated on standby power for the required design period.
5-l.2.7 U.S. Government Publications. Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 4-7.2.4.5 When all functional testing is completed, each DC 20401.
agent storage container shall be reconnected so that activauon of the release circuit will release the agent. System shall be re-Code offederalRegulations, Title 29.
turned to its fully operational design condition.
Code offederal Regulations, Title 49.
Appendix A Chapter 5 Referenced Publications 5-1 The following documents or portions thereof are refer-8 "IF"#d' "## # f## "l'A' '9""#" */
u indudedfor enfonnanonalpurposes only.
I urnen enced within this standard as mandatory requirements and shall be considered part of the requirements of this standard.
A-11 llalogenated Extinguishing Agents. A halogenated The edition indicated for each referenced mandatory docu.
compound is one that contains one or more atoms of an' ment is the current edition as of the date of the NFPA issuance element from the halogen series, which includes fluorine, 1997 Edition
C A04598 REV O 12A-14 MAtXW IS01 FtRE EXDNGUtSmNG SY5mtS p g { h b.
chlorine, bromine, and iodine. When hydrogen atoms in a hy-the compound molecule; the second digit, the number of flu-drocarbon compound, such as methane (CH.) or ethane orine atoms; the third digit, the number of chlorine atoms; the (Cll,Clis), are replaced with halogen atoms, the chemical and fourth digit, the number of bromine atoms; and the fifth digit, physical properties of the resulting compound are markedly the number ofiodine atoms. Terminal zeros are dropped. Va-
/
changed. Methane, for example, is a light, flammable gas.
lence requirements not accounted for are assumed to be hy.
Carbon tetrafluoride (CF.), also a gas, is chemically inert, drogen atoms (number of hydrogen atoms = first digit times 2, nonflammable, and extremely low in toxicity. Carbon tetra-plus 2, minus the sum of the remaining digits).
chloride (CCl.) is a volatile liquid that not only is nonflamma-IIalon 1501. lialon 1301 chemically is bromatrifluoro-ble, but also was widely used for many years as a fire methane, CBrF,. Its cumbersome chemical name is often extinguishing agent in spite ofits rather high toxicity. Carbon shortened to "bromotri" or even further to *BT." The com-tetrabronude (CBr.) and carbon tetraiodide (CI.) are solids pound is used as a low-temperature refrigerant and as a cryo-that decompose easily under heat. Generally, the presence of genic fluid, as well as a fire extinguishing agent.
fluorine in the compound mcreases its inertness and stability; the presence of other halogens, particularly bromine, in.
Physical Properties, A list of important physical proper-creases the fire extinguishing effectiveness of the compound.
ties of Halon 1801 is given in Table A-1-1. Under normal con.
Although a very large number of halogenated compounds ditions, IIalon 1301 is a colorless, odorless gas with a density exist, only the following five have been used to a significant ex.
approximately five times that of air. It can be liquefied upon tent as fire extinguishing agents:
compression for convenient shipping and storage. Unlike car-(a) Halon 1011, bromochloromethane, Cli,BrC) bon dioxide,llalon 1801 cannot be solidified at temperatures above -270*F (-167.8'C).
(b) Ilalon 1211, bromochlorodifluoromethane, CBrClf, (c) Halon 1202, dibromodifluoromethane, CBr,F, The variation of vapor pressure with temperature for llalon (d) Halon 1301, bromotrifiuotomethane, CBrF
"".in Figures A-1-1(ai and A-1-1(a) (Metric) A3 the a
temperature is mcreased, the vapor pressure and vapor den-(e) Halon 2402, dibromotetrafluoroethane, CBrF,CBrF sity increase and the liquid density decreases, until the critical r
Halon Nomenclature Sptem. The halon system for nam-temperature of 152.6*F (67'C) is reached. At this point, the ing halogenated hydrocarbons was devised by the U.S. Army densities of the liquid and vapor phases become equal and the Corps of Engineers to provide a convenient and quick means liquid phase ceases to exist. Above the critical temperature, of reference to candidate fire extinguishing agents. The first the material behavn as a gas, but it can no longer be liquefied digit in the number represents the number of carbon atoms in at any pressure, m
Table A-1-1 Physical Pmperties of Halon 1501 f,
Physical Properties British',
,, SI Molecular weight 148.93 148.93' Boiling point at I atm
-71.95'F
-57.75'C Freezing point
-270*F
-168'C Critical temperature 152.6*F 67.0*C Critical pressure 575 psia 39.6 bar Critical volume 0.0215 ft'/lb 0.000 276 m*/kg Critical density 46.5 lb/ft' 745 kg/m' Specific heat, liquid, at 77*F (25*C) 0.208 Btu /lb *F 870J/kg *C Specific heat, vapor at constant pressure (1 atm) and 77'F (25*C) 0.112 Btu /Il>*F 469J/kg *C IIcat of vapo::tation at boiling point 51.08 Btu /lb i18.8 kJ/kg Thermal conductivity ofliquid at 77'F (25'C) 0.024 Btu /hr-ft *F 0.85 W/m *K 4
4 Viscosity, liquid. at 77'F (25'C) 1.01 x 10 lb/ft4ec 1.59 x 10 Poiscuille 4
Viscosity, vapor, at 77'F (25'C) 1.08 x 10'lb/ft4ec 1.63 x 10 Poiscuille Surface tension at 77*F (25'C) 4 Dynes /cm 0.004 N/m Refractive index ofliquid at 77*F (25*C) 1.238 1.238 1.238 Relative dielectric strength at I atm. 77*F (25*C)
(nitrogen = 1.00) 1.83 1.83 Sulubility of Halon 1301 in water at I atm 77'F (25'C) 0.03% by weight 0.03% by weight Solubility of water in Halon 1301 a't 70*F (21*C) 0 0095% by weight 0.0095% by weight 1997 Edition
s_.
CA04598 REV O D A.c r pf4 12A-15 APPENDIX A j
.n 600 sP 500 k}
s 400
/
I/
/
Critical point
/
152.6'F,560.2 psig ~
300 P 200
/
/
1%
/
I 100 u.
/
},
80 :
/'
w
/
6 50
/
5 40
(
30 f
/
20
(
15 I
10
-60
-40 20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Temperature (* F)
Figure A-11(a) Vapor pressure of Halon 1501 vs. temperature,
' 50 m
40
/T 2-30 l
ll f' Critical point
/
/
67* C,39.6 bars 20
/
k lir
/
s
/
/
l10 ge
)
6 f
A 5
/
l 4
/
8 f f
2
-40
-30
-20 10 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temperature (* C)
Figure A 11(a) (Metric).
1997 Edition
H04598 REV O 12A-16 nAtm 190: nar ExTwctismsc sumes aAag cq in--
v, Fire Extinguishment Characteristics. IIalon 1501 is an ef-or other insurance company representative may be the author-fective fire extinguishing agent that can be used on many types itr havingjurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property of fires, it is effective in extinguishing surface fires, such as owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the flammable liquids, and on most solid combustible materials authority hadngjurisdiction; at government installations, the except for a few active metals and metal hydrides and materi-commanding officer or departmental official may be the au-als that contain their own oxidizer, such as cellulose nitrate, thority havingjurisdiction.
gunpowder, and so forth.
A.I.3.1 Listed.
The means for.dentifying listed equipment i
Extinguishing Mechanism. The mechanism by which Ha-may varv for each organization concerned with product evalu-lon 1301 extinguishes fires is not thoroughly known; neither is ation; s'ome organizations do not recognize equipment as the combustion process of the fire itself. It appears, however.
listed unless it is also labeled. The authority havingjurisdiction to be a physicochemical inhibition of the combustion reac-should utilize the system employed by the listing organization tion. Italon 1501 has also been referred to as a " chain break-to identify a listed product.
ing" agent, meaning that it acts to break the chain reaction of the combustion process Italon 1301 dissociates in the flame A-t-3.1 Normally Occupied Area. Spaces occasionally vis-into two radicals:
ited by personnel, such as transformer bays, switch-houses, CBrF
- CF + Br Pump rooms. vaults, engine test stands, cable trays, tunnels, s
microwave relay stations, flammable hqtud storage areas, en-Two inhibiting mechanisms have been proposed, one that closed energv systems, etc., are examples of areas considered is based on a free radical process, and another based on ionic not normally occupied.
activation of oxygen during combustion.
A 13.2.2 For additional conversions and information see The " free radical" theory supposes that the bronu.de radical reacts with the fuel to give hydrogen bromide, ASTM E 380, Standardfor Aferric Practice, in Canada refer to Co-nadian Afetric Practice Guide, CSA Standard CANS-Z234.1.
R-il + Bre a R* + liBr A 14.3 See hTPA 17, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity.
chich then reacts with active hydroxyl radicals in the reaction A-t-4.4 General Information on Total Hooding Systems.
zone:
From a performance viewpoint, a total flooding system is de-IIBr + OH
- 11,0 + Br*
igned to develop a concentration ofIIalon 1301 that will ex-s The bromide radical again reacts with more fuel, and so on, tinguish fires in combustible materials located in an enclosed with the result that active He, OHe, and O: radicals are re-Space. It must also maintam an effective concentratioc, until moved, and less reactive alkyl radicals are produced.
the masmn temperature has been reduced below the re-e
(~ -
The " ionic" theory supposes that the uninhibited combus-igmtion poun.
tion process includes a step in which O,-ions are formed by the The concentration of Halon 1801 required will depend on capture of electrons that come from ionization of hydrocar-the type of combustible material involved. This has been de-bon inolecules. Since bromine atoms have a much higher -terminedformany. surface <ypefires,particularlythoseinvolv-cross section for the capture of slow electrons than 0,,'the bro- ' ing liquids and gases. For deep-seated fires, the critical mine inhibits the reaction by removing the electrons that are concentration required for extinguishment is less definite and needed for activation of the oxygen.
has, in general, been established by practical test work.
Portable lialon 1501 cxtinguishers are covered in NFPA 10, It is important that an effective agent concentration not only be achiewd, but that it be maintained for a sufficient pe-Standardfor Portable fire Extinguishers.
riod of time to allow effective emergency action by trained per-A 1-3.1 Approved. The National Fire Protection Association sonnel. This is equally important for all classes of fires since a does not approve, inspect, or certify any 1nstallations, proce-persistent ignition source (e.g., an arc, heat source, oxyacety-dures, equipment, or matertals; nor does it approve or evalu-lene torch, or " deep-seated" fire) can lead to a recurrence of ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of the initial event once the agent has dissipated. Halon 1501 ex-installations, procedures, equipment. or materials, the author-tinguishing ssstems normally provide protection for a period hy having jurisdiction may base acceptance on comphance of minutes but are exceptionally effective for certain applica-with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of tions. Water supplies for standard sprinklers, on the other such standards, said authority may require evidence of proper hand, are normally designed to provide protection for an ex-installation, procedure, or use. The authority havingjurisdic-tet.ded period of time. The designer, buyer, and emergency tion may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an or*
force in particular need to closely review the advantages and ganization that is concerned with product evaluations and is limitations of available systems as applied to the specific situa-thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate tion at hand, the residual risks being assumed, and the proper standards for the current production oflisted items.
emergency procedures.
f A t 3.1 Authority Havingjurisdiction. The phrase
- author.
The discharge of minimum extinguishing concentration of
{
ity havingjurisdiction"is used in NFPA documents in a broad llalon 1301 into enclosures containing operating diesel en-manner, sincejurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do gines not drawing combustion air from outside the space cre-their responsibilities. Where public safety is primary, the an.
ates a special problem. Experience has shown that the engine j
thority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or will continue to operate resulung m a decrease in agent con-other regional department or indhidual such as a fire chief; centration and extensive decomposition of the halon.
fire marshal; chief of a fire prevention bureau, labor depart-A 1-4.5 See A 1-5.1.
ment, or health department: building official; electrical in-spector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance A 1-5.1 Ilazards to Personnel. The discharge ofIIalon 1301 purposes, an insurance inspection department, rating bureau, to extinguish a fire can create a hazard to personnel from the 1997 Edition
CA04598 REV O PAGE Bf 12A-17 Arrmmx A natural IIalon 1301 itself and from the products of decompo-is only a temporary effect, since adrenalin injections given 10 sition that result from exposure of the agent to the fire or minutes after exposure to known sensitizing levels have not re-other hot surfaces. Exposure to the ]atural agent is generally sulted in arrhythmias (Trochimowicz et al.,1974),
of less concern than is exposure to the decomposition prod-All percentage levels in this section refer tojolumetric con-ucts. Ilowever, unnecessary exposure of personnel to either centrations oflialon 1301 in air.
the natural agent or to the decomposition products should be Using the standard cardiac sensitization test protocol and avoided.
large doses of adrenalin, dogs with experimentally induced Other potential hazards to be considered for individual sys-myocardial infarction were tested to determine whether this tems are as follows:
type of heart condition might significantly lower the threshold (a) Noise. Discharge of a system can caur,e noise loud for cardiac sensitization (Trochimowicz et al.,1978). Results enough to be startling but ordinarily insuflicient to cause trau-on lialon 1301 showed no greater potential for cardiac sensi-matic injury, tization among dogs having recovered from myocardial infarc-(b) Turbulence. liigh velocity discharge from nozzles can tion than for normal, healthy animals.
be sufficient to dislodge substantial objects or injure people llalon 1301 has also been tested for mutagenic and terato-directly in the path. System discharge can also cause enough genic effects. In a standard 48-hour Ames Test at levels of 40 general turbulence in the enclosures to move unsecured pa.
percent, no esidence of mutagemcity was seen in Salmonella per and light objects.
typhimurium bacteria with or without metabolic activation.
Pregnant rats exposed to lialon 1301 at levels as high as 5 per-(c) Cold 7emperature. Direct contact with the vaporizing cent exhibited no embryotoxic or teratogenic effects.
liquid being discharged from a llalon 1301 system will have a strong chilling effect on objects and can cause frostbite burns
".** P'.dm, g ammal studies show that IIalon 1301 is very I w in t xicity. Although high mhaled levels can affect the to the skin. The liquid phase vaporizes rapidly when mixed CNS and cardiovascular system, such effects are rapidly and with air and thus limits the h'azard to the immediate vicinity of mP etely reversible upon removal from exposure, if the ex-l C
the discharge point. In humid atmospheres, idinor reduction p sure c nditions were not severe enough to produce death.
in visibility can occur for a brief period due to the condensa-tion of water vapor.
Ilumans. The very low toxicity of lialon 1501 in animal studies has been confirmed by over 20 years of safe manufac-Naturat or Undecomposed IIalon 1301. When IIalon 1501 ture and use. There has never been a death or any permanent is used in systems designed and installed according to this injury ass crated with exposure to IIalon 1301.
NFPA standard, risk to exposed individuals is minimal. Its tox-icity is very low in both animals and humans. The main physi-Exposure to lialon 1801 m the 5 to 7 percent range pro-duces little,if any, nouccable effect. At levels between 7 and 10 ologic actions of IIalon 1301 at high inhaled levels are central
~
percent, mild CNS effects such as dizziness and tinghng m, the nervous system (CNS) depres.sion and cardiovascu.lar effects.
extremities have been reported. Abom 10 percent, some sub-t Animals. Italon 1801 has a 15-minute approximate lethal jects report a feeling of imperiding unconsciousness after a concentration (ALC) of 83 percent (0, added) (Paulet,1962),
few minutes, althdugh test subjects exposed up to 14 percent suggesting a verfIciw degree 6f acute inhalationToxicity. In for' 5 minutes have not actually' lost consciousness (Clark, monkeys and dogs, mild CNS effects occur after a few minute, 1970). 'Ihese types of CNS effects were completely reversible of exposure above 10 percent, progressing to lethargy in mon-(' upon removal from exp)sure.
keys and tremors add convulsion in dogs atlevels above 20 per-In many experimental studies on humans, no subject has cent (Van Stee et al.,1969).
ever had a serious arrhythmia at llalon 1301 levels below 10 Spontaneous effects on blood pressure and cardiac rhythm ercent. One arrhythmia has been observed at a 14 percent occur at much higher levels, approximately 20 percent and 40 level after a few minutes of exposure, but the subject reverted percent, respectively (Van Stee et al.,1909).
to a normal rhythm upon removal to fresh air (iiine Labora-It has also been known since the early 1900s that the in-tories,1968). In recent studies at the Medical College of Wis-halation of many halocarbons and hydrocarbons, like carboa consin (Stewart et al.,1978), exposure to llalon 1801 up to 7.1 tetrachloride and hexane, can make the heart abnormally sen-percent for 30 minutes did not produce sufficient adverse sitive to elevated adrenalin levels, resulting in cardiac arrhyth-effects to harm, confuse, or debilitate human subjects or pre-mia and possibly death. This phenomenon has been referred vent them from performing simple mechanical tasks, follow-to as cardiac sensitization. Italon 1301 can also sensitize the ing instructions, or exiting from the llalon 1801 exposure heart, but only at high inhaled levels. For example, in stan*
area. In addition, these subjects experienced no significant dard cardiac sensitization screening studies in dogs using EKG or EEG abnormalities during or after exposure.
5-min exposures and large doses of injected adrenalin, the It is considered good practice to avoid all unnecessary expo-threshold for sensitization is in the 7.5 to 10 percent range sure to IIalon 1801 and to limit exposures to the following (Clark,1970).
timer in other studies on dogs, a certain critical blood level was as-sociated with inspired levels needed to sensitize the heart.
7 percent and below - 15 minutes With exposure to llalon 1301, a relatively insoluble fluorocar-7 to 10 percent - 1 minute bon, blood concentrations rise rapidly, equilibrate within 5 to 10 minutes, and fall rapidly upon cessation of exposure. There 10 to 15 percent - 30 seconds is no accumulation of lialon 1801 as indicated by similar Above 15 percent - prevent exposure blood concentration at 5 to 10 minutes and at 60 minutes of exposure. When dogs exposed to llalon 1301 for 60 minutes Anyone suffering from the toxic eficcts of flalon 1801 va-are given a large dose of adrenalin, the threshold for cardiac pors should immediately move or be moved to fresh air. In -
sensitization remains the same as for 5-min exposures-7.5 to treating persons suffering toxic effects due to exposure to this 10 percent. In addition, studies have shown that sensitization agent, the use of epinephrine (adrenaline) and similar drugs 1997 Edition
r CA04598 REV O 12A-18 HA1.ON 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISHIR'G SBTEMS must be avoided because they can produce cardiac arrhyth-(c) Provision of alarms within such areas that will operate mias, including ventricular fibrillation.
immediately upon detection of the fire lialon 1301 is colorless and odorless. Discharge of the agent (d) Provision of only outward. swinging, self-closing doors can create a lifht mist in the vicinity of the discharge nozzle, at exits from hazardous areas, and, where such doors are resulting from condensation of moisture in the air, but the latched, provision of panic hardware.
mist rarely persists after discharge is completed. Thus, little
-(e) Pm..ston of continuous alarms at entrances to such ar-hazard is created from the standpoint of reduced visibility.
Once discharged into an enclosure, it is difficult to detect its cas tmtil the atmosphere has been restored to normal.
presence through normal human senses; in concentrations (f) Provision of warning and instruction signs at entrances above approximately 5 percent, voice characteristics are to and inside such areas. These signs should inform persons i
L 6 hanged due to the increased density of the agent / air mixture.
in or entering the protected area that a lialon 1301 system is In total flooding systems, the high density ofIIalon 1801 va.
Installed, and can contain additional instructions pertinent to por (five times that of air) requires the use of discharge noz.
the conditions of the hazard.
zies that will achieve a well-mixed atmosphere to avoid local (g) Provision for prompt discovery and rescue of persons pockets of higher concentration. Once mixed into the air, the rendered unconscious in such areas. This can be accom-agent will not settle out.
plished by having such areas searched immediately by trained Decomposition Products of Halon 1301. Although IIalon Per5 nnel e9uiPPed with proper breathing equipment. Self-1301 vapor has a low toxicity, its decomposition products can c ntained breathing equipment and personnel tramed in its be hazardous. The most accepted theory is that the vapor must use, and in rescue practices, mcluding artificial raspiranon, decompose before Halon 130) can inhibit the combustion re-should be readily available.
actions (see 1-4.1). The decomposition takes place on exposure (h) Provision of instruction and drills for all personnel to a flame or to a hot surface at above approximately 900*F within or in the vicinity of such areas, including maintenance (482*C). In the presence of available hydrogen (frorh water va-or construction people who could be brought into the area, por or the combustion process itself), the main decomposition to basure their correct action when Halon 1301 protective products are the halogen acids (HF, HBr) and free halogens equipment 6perates.
(Br,) with small amounts of carbonyl halides (COF,, COBr,)'
(i) Provision of means for prompt ventilation of such areas.
The decomposition products of Halon 1801 have a charac.
Forced ventilation will often be necessary. Care should be teristic sharp, acrid odor, even in minute concentrations of taken to really dissipate hazardous atmospheres and not merely only a few parts per million. This characteristic provides a move them to another location. Halon 1501 is heavier than air.
built-in warning system for the agent, but at the same time cre-ates a noxious,irritatmg atmosphere for those who' must' enter
.(j) Prohibition against smoking by per'ons uritil the atmo-i 5
phere has been 1 urged of Halon 130ll" ' ',
s the hazard following the fire.
v-The amount of Haldn'1301 'thAt.can be expected td de'c'om.
' jk) frovision of such 'other steps anc! safegtid,othat m
' pose in extinguishing a fire deperids'to a large extent A the careful study'of each partidih$ situation indicates 6,necg ry size of the fire, TIM concentration'of Halon ' apcar, and the to prevent in, jury or death.
.g v
length of time that the' agent is in contact with flame or heated A-15.3 Halon system cylinders contain liquefied compressed surfaces above 900*F (482*C). If there is a very rapid buildup gas that, if discharged from a cylinder that is not properly con-of concentration to the critical value, then the fire will be ex-nected to system pipe, can propel the cylinder and other equip-tinguished quickly, and there will be little decomposition. The ment with great force. Before disconnecting cylinders fron. a actual concentration of the decomposition products must system, proper safety precautions should be followed. Cylinder then depend on the volume of the room in which the fire was outlets should be fitted with anti-recoil devices listed or ap-burning and on the degree of mixing and ventilation. For ex-proved whenever the cylinder outlet is not connected to the sys-ample, extinguishment of a 25-ft' (2 3-m') heptane fire m a tem pipe. Safe handling procedures should be followed to 10,000-ft' (283-m') enclosure within 0.5 seconds produced transport system cylinders. Actuators should be disabled or re-only 12 ppm HF. A similar test having an extinguishment time moved before the cylinder is released from its bracketing.
of 10 peconds produced an average HF level of 250 ppm over Proper equipment should be used to transport cylinders, dol-a 9-mm penod.
lies, or carts, and means to secure the cylinder should be used if Clearly, longer exposure of the vapor to temperatures in ex-cylinders need to be transported within a facility. (See CGA P-1.)
cess of 900*F (482*C) would produce greater concentrations Also consult equipment manufacturer representative for of these gases. The type and sensitivity of detection, coupled specific recommendations.
with the rate of discharge, should be selected to minimize the exposure time of the vapors to the elevated ternperature if the A-2-1.2 Transfer of full Halon 1301 containers, which do concentration of breakdown products must be minimized. In not change ownership, does not require recycling or quality most cases the area would be untenable for human occupancy testing. All other design features should comply with this due to the heat and breakdown products of the fire itself.
standard.
A 1-5.1.2 SafetyRequirements. The steps and safeguards nec-A-2-1.2 Table. For test procedures, refer to MIIAl-12218C, essary to prevent injury or death to personnel in areas whose at-available from Naval Publications and Forms Center,5801 Ta-mospheres will be made hazardous by the discharge or thermal bor Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19120.
decomposition of Halon 1301 can include the following:
A-2-1.4.1 Storage Containers. Storage containers for Halon (a) Provision of adequate aisleways and routes of exit and 1301 must be capable of withstanding the total pressure ex-keeping them clear at all times.
erted by the Halon 1501 vapor plus the nitrogen partial pres-(b) Provision of emergency lighting and directional signs sure, at the maximum temperature contemplated in use.
as necessary to ensure quick, safe evacuation.
Generally, steel cylinders meeting U.S. Department of Trans-1997 Edition
i C A04598 REV O pA6E #7 APPENDIX A 12A-19 portation requirements will be used. Manifolded cylinders are 5500 used for large installations.
Each container must be equipped with a discharge valve ca-pable of discharging liquid 11alon 1301 at the required rate.
Containers with top-mounted valves require an internal dip
_ 5000 tube extending to the bottom of the cylinder to permit dis-
)
charge ofliquid phase IIalon 1301.
W f
w
\\
Nitrogen Superpressurir.ation. Although the 199 psig
.g f
\\
(1372 kPa) vapor pressure oflialon 1301 at 70'F (21*C) is ad-E equate to expel the contents of the storage containers, this g 4500 pressure decreases rapidly with temperature. At 0*F (-18'C),
g for example, the vapor pressure is 56.6 psig (390 kPa), and at iE g
-40*F (-40*C) It is only 17.2 psig (119 kPa). The addition of E
g nitrogen to l{alon 1301 storage containers to pressurize the j4000 g
agent above the vapor pressure, called "superpressurizing,"
8
\\
will prevent the container pressure from decreasing so drasti-t 1
3 cally at low tenteratups.
\\
Superpres.rLatio 1 causes some of the nitrogen to perme-b
\\
ate the ligtud portion of the lialon 1301.This " solubility"is re-h3500
\\
lated both to the degree of superpressurization and to
\\
temperature, as follows:
P II = g 3000-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 where:
Temperaturel' F) 11, a llenry's Law constant, psi (bars) per mole fraction gg,4, P,.= pr.rtial pressure of nitrogen above solution, psi (bars) thlon IM1.
& = nitrogen concentration in liquid IIalon 1301, mole fraction 350 1
/
Nitrogen partial pressure can be calculated from the total pressure of the system and the vapor pressure of flalon 1301 y
g (mFigures &2-1.4.1(a),and (b)) as follows:,
,1;
/
.x P, = P- (1 - X,)P,
[
\\
where:
1 P = total pressure of system, psi absolute (psi gauge +
f,300
\\
14.696) g g
T P, = vapor pressure of11alon 1301, psi absolute
'O (psi gauge + 14.6%)
\\
Figures A-2-1.4.1(a) and A-2-1.4.1(a) (Metric) show that
?
\\
variation ofIIenry's Law constant, II,, with temperature.
{
\\
Isometric diagrams for IIalon 1301 superpressurized with 5
\\
nitrogen, Figures A-2-1.4.1(b), A-2-1.4.1(b) (Metric), (360 psig l
{.
(2482 kPa)} and A-2-1.4.1(c). A-2-1.4.l(c) (Metric), [600 psig
, 250 g
(4137 kPa)] show the relationship of storage container pres.
3 g
sute vs. temperature with lines of constant fill density.
g
\\
i "Ihese curves demonstrate the danger in overfilling contain-g ers with Italon 1301. A container filled completely with 11alon I
1301 at 70*F (21*C) and filled to 97.8 lb/ft' (1566 kg/m') and critical point' subsequently superpressurized to 600 psig (4137 kPa) would de-velop a pressure of 3000 psig (20685 kPa) when heated to 130*F (54*C);if filled to 70 lb/ft' (1121 kg/m') or less as permitted in this standard, a pressure of 1040 psig (7171 kPa) would be de-20040
-20 0
20 40 60 80 veloped. The same principles apply to liquid IIalon 1301 that becomes trapped between two valves in pipelines. Adequate Ternperature (' c) pressure relief should always be provided in such situations.
A-2-2.1 Piping. Piping should be installed in accordance with good commercial practice. Care should be taken to avoid contraction and should not be subjected to mechan'ical, possible restrictions due to foreign matter, faulty fabrication, chemical, vibration, or other damage. ANSI 1131.1 should be or improper installation.
consulted for guidance on this matter. Where explosions are The piping system should be securely supported with due likely, the piping should be attached to supports that are least allowance for agent thrust forces and thermal expansion and likely to be displaced.
1997 Edition
CA04598 REVO 12A-20 HALON 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
/ / / /s l I !i/
,,0 ve n e,-
! ! !/
Fill density (kg/m ) 1050 -
//
2 1000 C.///
60 %
gg 55 %
950 gjf 1800
'a m
- R64/
ew y
l ll l 8
l////
1600
/;,////
e ss iI!///
%,00 "l
g
/////)
1400 I'II///
g w
9 1200 50
[
g
)
A
/
o.
/
1000 l'(U'
!/
920 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 goo
((
Temperature P c)
Figure A-2-1.4.1(b) (Metric).
600 (c) joining methods (i.e., threaded, welded, grooved, etc.)
/
(d) Pipe construction method (i.e., seamless, ERW 400 (electric resistance welded), furnace welded, etc.)
/
(e) Pipe diameter (f) Wall thickness of the. pipe
[/
y
- 2. The calculations'are based'on the following:
g (a) The minimum calculated pressure is 1000 psi Temperature P F)
(6895 kPa) for systems using an initial charging pressure of Figure A-2-1.4.1(b) Isometric daagram. Italon 1301 pressurNed so 360 600 psi (4137 kPa) and 620 psi (4275 kPa) for systems using p ig at 70*F.
an initial charging pressure of 360 psi (2482 kPa).
(b) The calculations apply only to steel pipe conforming
- A fM A53 or ASTM A106 and copper tubing conforming Although halon systems are not subjected to continuous to e FM B88.
pressurization, some provisions should be made to ensure that g
the type of piping installed can withstand the maximum stress (c) The calculations cover threaded, welded, and at maximum storage temperatures. Maximum allowable stress groovedjoints for steel pipe and compression fittings for cop-levels for this condition should be established at values of 90 Per tubing.
percent of the minimum yield strength or 50 percent of the
- 3. The basic equation to fmd the minimum wall thickness minimum tensile strength, whichever is less. Alljoint factors for piping under internal pressure is as follows:
should be applied after this value is determined.
p A-2-2.1.1 The following presents calculations to provide min-I"ER+A imum pipe schedules (wall thickness) for use with both 360 psi (2482 kPa) and 600 psi (4137 kPa) l{alon 1501 fire extinguish-where:
ing systems in accordance with this standard. Paragraph 2-2.1.1
= required wall thickness (in.)
requires that "the pipe wall shall be calculated in accordance D = outside pipe diameter (in.)
with ANSI B31.1, Power Piping Code.' The text of A-2-2.1.1 is p,
g
- )
- taken from ANSI B31.1.
SE = maximum allowable stress (including joint efficiency)
Minimum Piping Requirements for IIalon 1301 Systems (psi) 360 psi (2482 kPa) and 600 psi (4137 kPa) Charging Pressure A = allowance for threading, grooving, etc. (in.)
- 1. Limitations on piping to be used for IIalon systems (or any pressurized fluid) are set by the following:
A* depth of thread for threaded connections i
(a) Maximum Pressure expected within the P pe A. depth of groove for cut groove connections (b) Material of construction of the pipe, tensile strength A = rero for welded or rolled groove connections of the material, yield strength of the material, and tempera-A. rem forjoints in copper tubing using compression ture limitations of the material fittings 1997 Editen
\\
CA04598 REVO APPENDIX A PAGE M 12A-21
/ /// //
I i
i i
o
.// / // /
Fill density (kg/m') 1050
///
1000 CNf///
I 8
2000 Density (Ibs/ft ) 75 %
I f I
/
/
I U SJ // //
- s~cw /x i
i:S
/f 8:S W ///
'a
- NM//
g we I//)R 1
yjf'
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c UM i
llild
/ //#/
},,
f
,,00
'l!IH/
i r
I/////
/
5
//#
/
Ull
/
1000 110 IV o
-20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 800
[
Temperature (* C)
'I 600 p
s
~
Document SEValue 400 I Grade A Seamless Pipe ASTM A 53 12000 psi (82740 kPa) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Grade A Seamless Pipe ASTM A 106 ' l'2000 psi Temperature (* F)
(82740 kPa)
E#
s Figme A-21.4.1(c) Isometric diagram. Italon 1301 pressurized to 600 g
p psig at 70*F.
Grade A ERW Pipe ASTM A 53 10200 psi (70329 kPa)
The term SEis defined as % of the tensile strength of the "feld d Pipe 46 6 kPa) piping material or % of the yield strength (whichever is lower) multiplied by ajoint efficiency factor.
Seamless Copper Tubing ASTM B 88 5100 psi (Annealed)
(35164 kPa) i joint efficiency factors are as follows:
Seamless Copper Tubing ASTM B 88 9000 psi 1.0 for seamless (Drawn)
(62055 kPa) 0.85 for ERW j
0.60 for furnace butt weld (continuous weld) (Class F)
- 5. The basic equation can be rewritten as follows to solve I
for Pso as to determine the maximum allowable pressure fc,c
- 4. The following listing gives values for SE as taken from which a pipe of thickness t can be used:
Appendix A of ASME/ ANSI B31, CodeforPressure Aping. Iden-
{
tical values are given in ASME/ ANSI B31.1, Pcwer Aping, and d
j P = 2SE ASME/ANS1 BSI.9, Building Services Aping.
D Document SEValue As required by 2-2.1.1 of this standard, for systems having a charging pressure of 360 psi (2482 kPa), the calculated pres-Grade C Seamless Pipe ASTM A 106 17500 psi sure (P) must be equal to or greater than 620 psi (4275 kPa).
(120662 kPa)
For systems having a charging pressure of 600 psi (4137 kPai, Grade B ERW Pipe ASTM A 53 15000 psi the calculated pressure (P) must be equal to or greater than (103425 kPa) 1000 psi (6895 kPa).
Grade B ERW Pipe ASTM A 106 15000 psi These pressure values are based on a maximum agent stor-(103425 kPa) age temperature of 130*F (54*C).
1997 Edition l
C A045 98 REV O 12A-22 HAtJON 1301 FIRE EXTINGUl5111NG SWTEMS
- 6. If higher storage temperatures are approved for a given A-2-2.1.5 Pressure-operated cylinder valves are opened by system, the internal pressure should be adjusted to the maxi-the application of " pilot pressure" from the halon cylinder or mum internal pressure at maximum temperature. In perform-from a separate pressm e source. Depending on the particular
/
ing this calculation, alljoint tactors and threading, grooving, valve design, the pilot pressure must either be applied to a spe-or welding allowances should be utken '.nto account.
cial actuation port or to the discharge outlet of the cylinder
- 7. Paragraph 102.2.4(B; of the Power Aping Code y lve. A leak in source of pilot pressure can build up sufficient (ASME/ ANSI B31.1) allows tur unaximum allowable stress pressure in ci sed secuons of pilot actuation pipe to cause the (SE) to be exceeded by 20 percent if the duration of the pres.
cylinder valve to open. To prevent such accidental discharge, m
sure (or temperature) increase is limited to less than 1 per-a pressure vent must be mstalled m any closed section of pipe cent of any 24-hour period. Since the halon piping is that is used to supply pressure. The vent must be sized or therw,se designed so that when actuation is reqmred, suffi-i normally unpressurized, the system discharge period satisfies this criteria. Therefore, the piping calculations set out in this cient pilot pressure can be built up m the pilot pipe or paragraph are based on values of SE, which are 20 percent discharge mamfold to reliably open all cylinder valves. /See Ta-greater than those outlined in Paragraph 4 (per Appendix A of bles A-2-2.1.5(a) and A-2-2.1.5(b).]
the Power Aping Code). The specific values for maximum allow-A-2-2.3
~
able stress used in these calculations are as follows:
(a) 300-lb-class malleable iron fittings, sizes through 3 in.,
are acceptable. Forged steel fittings should be used for all larger sizes. Flangedjoints should be class 600 lb.
Docmnent S m ue (b) 300-lb-class malleable iron fittings are acceptable Grade C Seamless Pipe ASTM A 106 21000 psi through 3 in. internal pipe size, and 1000 ductile iron or (144795 kPa) forged steel fittings should be used in larger sizes. Flanged Grade B ERW ASTM A 53 18000 psi joints shou'd be 300 lb class.
(124110 kPa)
The above listed materials do not preclude the use of other Grade B ERW ASTM A 106 18000 psi materials that would satisfy the requirements of 2-2.3.
(124110 kPa)
(c) Pressure-temperature ratings have been established for Grade A Seamless Pipe ASTM A 53 14400 psi certain types of fittings. A list of ANSI standards covering the (99288 kPa) different types of fittings is given in Table 126.1 of ANSI B31.1 Grade A SeaIP ess Pipe ASTM A 106 14400 psi Where fittings not covered by one of these standards are used, l
(99288 kPa) the design recommendauons of the manufacturer of the fit-tings should not be exceeded.'
Grade B ERW ASTM A 53 15360 psi (105907 kPa)
A-2-2.5.3 The type and size of the nozzle can be identified by
- j i
Grade A ERW Pipe ASTM A 53 12240 psi Part number, onfice, code,' orifice diameter, or other suitable (84595 kPa) markmgs. The markmg should be readily discermble after m-stallation.
Class F Furnace Welded ASTM A 53 8160 psi A-2-3.2.1 Detectors ins listed or approved for firtalled at the, maximum spacing.
Pipe (56265 kPa) e alarm use could result in excessive Seamless Copper Tub.mg ASTM B 88 6120 psi delay in agent release, especially where more than one detec-(Annealed)
(42197 kPa) tion device is required to be in alarm before automatic actua-Seamless Copper Tubing ASTM B 88 10800 psi tion results.
(Drawn)
(74466 kPa)
A-2-3.3.7 Manual controls should be located at the exit from the enclosure, preferably on the door latch side.
NOTE 1: When using rolled groove connections, or welded A-2-3.5.3 The abort switch should be located near the means connections with internal projecuons (backup nngs, etc.), the of ss fm h m hydraulic calculations should consider these factors.
A-2 3.6 Accidental discharge has been recognized as a signif-NOTE 2: Pipe supplied as dual stenciled A 120/A 53 Class F icant factor in unwanted Halon 1501 emissions, meets the requirements of Class F furnace welded pipe ASTM Equipment lockout or service disconnects can be instru-A 53 as listed above. Ordinary cast-iron pipe, steel pipe con-mentalin preventing false discharges when the Halon 1301 formir.g to ASTM A 120. Speaficatwtufor Seamless Carbon Steel system is being tested or serviced. In addition, senicing of air Apef hg4 Temperature Service, or nonmetallic pipe should not conditioning systems with the release of refrigerant aerosols, soldering, or turning electric plenum heaters on for the first NOTE 3: All grooved couplings / fittings should be listed /ap.
time after a long period ofidleness can trip the Halon 1301 proved for use with Halon 1801 extinguishing systems.
system. When used, an equipment senice disconnect switch should be of the keyed-access type if external of the control NOTE 4: These calculations do not apply to extended di,.
panel or can be of the toggle type if within the locked control charge exceedmg 14.4 minutes.
panel. Either type should annunciate at the panel when in the outef-senice mode. Written procedures should be estab-NOTE 5: Compression fittings should be listed or approved lished for taking the Halon 1301 system out of senice.
l for use with the type of tubing and pressures per 2-2.3 of this standard [600 psi (4137 kPa) systems 1000 psi (6895 kPa)
A-3-2 System How Calculations. The. flow of mtrogen-working pressure; 360 psi (2482 kPa) systems 620 psi (4275 pressurized Halon 1301 has been demonstrated to be a two-kPa) working pressure).
phase phenomenon; that is, the flu;d in the piping consists of 1997 Edition
p C A04598 REV O APPENDIX A 12A-23 Table A.2 2.1.5(a) Minimum Piping Requirements Halon 1301 Systems - 360 psi Chargmg Pressure
/
SteelPipe 'Ihreaded Connections ASTM A 106 Seamless, Grade C Schedule 40 - % in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade B Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Scamless, Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade B Schedule 40 - K in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 Furnace Weld Oass F Schedule 40- % in. thru 1% in. NPS Schedule 80 - 2 in. thru 8 in. NPS Steel Pipe -Welded or Rolled Groove Connections ASTM A 106 Seamless, Grade C Schedule 40 - % in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade B Schedule 40- % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamleu, Grade A Schedule 40- % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade B
. Schedule 40- % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade A Schedule 40 - % in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 Furnace Weld Oass F Schedule 40 - % in. thru 6 in. NPS Schedule 80- 8 in. NPS Steel Pipe - Cut Groove Connections ASTM A 106 Scamless, Grade C Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless,' Grade B Schedule 40- % in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS AFTM A 53 ERW Grade B Schedule 40- % in:thru 8 in. NPS -
ASTM A 53 ERW Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 5 in. NPS, ' '
}
Schedule 80 --. 6 in. thru 8 in. NPS i
ASTM A 53 Furnace Weld Oass F Schedule 40 - % in. thr'u 3 in. NPS.
g.
)
Schedule 80 - 4 in. thru 8Jn. NPS
,.,.. r.
n,
9.. m
.s.:
.n Copper 'nshing - Compression Hetings ASTM B 88 Seamless, Drawn Type K % in. thru 8 in.
ASTM B 88 Seamica, Drawn '
Type L % in. thru 3 in.'
ASTM B 88 Seamlen, Drawn Type'M % in. thru 1% in.
I ASTM B 88 Scamless, Annealed Type K % in. thru 1 in.
ASTM B 88 Seamless, Annealed Type L % in. thru % in.
ASTM B 88 Seamten, Annealed Type M % in. ONLY Table A-2-2.1.5(b) Minimum Piping Requirements Halon 1301 Systems - 600 pai Charging Pressure Steel Pipe -Threaded Connections ASTM A 106 Seamless, Grade C Schedule 40 - % in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade B Schedule 40- % in. thru 5 in. NPS Schedule 80- 6 in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade A Schedule 40- % in. thru 2% in. NPS Schedule 80 - 3 in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade B Schedule 40 - % in. thru 3 in. NPS Schedule 80 - 4 in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 1% in. NPS Schedule 80- 1% in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 Furnace Weld Oass F Schedule 40 - % in. thru % in. NPS Schedule 80 - % in. thru 2% in. NPS Schedule 120 - 3 in. thru 8 in. NPS (antinued) 1997 Edition l
I M H 98 REV 0 PAGE ft M -24 HALON IS01 HRE EXTINGUISHING SiSTEMS Table A-2 2.1.5(b) (Continued) i
)
Steel Pipe - Wela'ed Connections ASTM A 106 Seamless, Grade C Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade B Schedule 40 - K in thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 106/A 53 Seamless, Grade A Schedule 40 - K in, thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade B Schedule 40 - % in. thru 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 ERW Grade A Schedule 40 - % in. thru 6 in. NPS Schedule 80 - 8 in. NPS ASTM A 53 Furnace Weld Class F Schedule 40- % in. thru 3 in. NPS Schedule 80- 4 in, thru 6 in. NPS Schedul: 120- 8 in. NPS Copper Tubing-Compression Httings ASTM B 88 Seamless, Drawn Type K % in. thru 1% in.
ASTM B 88 Seamless, Drawn Type L % in. thru % in.
ASTM B 88 Seamless, Drawn Type M % in. thru % in.
ASTM B 88 Seamless, Annealed Type K % in. thru % in.
ASTM B 88 Seamless, Annealed Type L DO NOT USE ASTM B 88 Seamless, Annealed Type M DO NOT USE a mixture ofliquid and vapor. In past editions of this standard, 250 an effort was made to detail a portion of a complex calculation e
method that is used to determine pipeline pressures, densities, and other design factors. Unfortunately, all the factors neces-sary for this very complex calculation were not listed. For exam-m ple, the formulas that address heat transfer between the agent 200 and the piping network were not included nor were the adjust-
'{
(,-
ments for the flow of agent thmugh a tee. Many of the neces-sary final adjustments to the calculations are proprietary.
Without this data, and much more, no flow calculation for un-150
~ '~
h balanced systems can be precise enough.
The tables, graphs, and calculations used in this section are j
provided to demonstrate the basis on which many calculation 1
8-methods are founded. This information is not adequate and 100 must not be considered as complete enough for design pur-
\\
poses. Only those calculation methods that are listed should 6
be used for design purposes. Figure A-S2(a) provides a com-parison of test data with calculated pressure drop using a two-5 phase flow equation.
0 20 40 60 80 100 Friction losses occur as the liquid llalon 1501 flows through Equivalent length (feet) the pipeline to the discharge orifice. Allowance must be made For SI units: 1 ft = 0.3048 m; 1 psi = 0.068 98 bar.
for the equivalent lengths of the container valve, dip tube, and flexible connectors, selector valves, time delays, and other in-Hgure A-3 24) Comparison of test data with calculated pressure drop stalled equipment through which the agent must flow. Equiv-using two-phne riow equation.
alent lengths for these components must be obtained from the approval laboratory listings for the individual components.
Design flow rates should be high enough to ensure com-Equnalent lengths of common pipe fitungs and values are plete mixing of the liquid and vapor P ases in the pipe line.
h given in Tables A-3-2(a) and A-3-2(b).
For proper system flow calculation and performance, it is Changes in elevation are accounted fo[ hy the follow' g m
equation:
necessary that a homogenous mixture of the hquid and vapor phases be present during equilibrium pipeline flow.
In other words, highly turbulent flow is required in the 144 pipeline to prevent separation of the liquid and vapor phases.
where:
Turbulent flow is generally attained when pipeline flow rates AP = pressure drop (psi) exceed the minimum flow rates given in Table A-3-2(c).
p = pipeline density of agent at point of elevation change A.5-2.4 The discharge nozzle is the device that ultimately de-(Ib/ft')
livers the agent to the hazard area. Its function is two-fold:
AEL = net change in elevation within the piping section,in-(1) it distributes the agent in an optimum manner in the haz-crease (+) and decrease (-)
ard, and (2) it controls the system discharge rates. The maxi-1997 Edthon
C A04598 REV O PAGE @
i n -25 APPENMX A mum nozzle flow rate is controlled by the flow that the feed Table A S.2(a) Equivalent Length in Feet of Threaded Pipe pipe can deliver. The maximum pipeline flow rate can be the.
Fittings Schedule 40 Steel Pipe otetically calculated by means of thp two-phase equation. Fig-
' ute A-3-2.4(a) shows the calculated maximum open-end pipe Elbow 90*
Union specific flow rate versus total terminal pressure. The general Pipe Imag Rad.
Coupling shape of the curve is also characteristic of nozzle flow curves.
Size Elbow Elbow
& Tee Tee or Since the flow rate discharged from a nozzle or pipe de.
(in.)
Std.45' Std. 90*
Thru Mow Side Cate Valve pends on the energy available, the terminal pressure must be Fe 0.6 1.3 0.8 2.7 0.3 considered to consist of two parts: (1) the static pressure (the quantity calculated by the pipeline pressure drop), and (2) the velocity head energy.
I 1.3 2.8 1.8 5.7 0.6 Both quantiues can contribute to the energy available t 1%
1.7 S.7 2.3 7.5 0.8 discharge the agent from the nozzle. The velocity head in psi 1%
2.0 4.3 2.7 8.7 0.9 can be calculated from the following equation:
2 2.6 5.5 -
3.5 11.2 1.2 2K S.1 6.6 4.1 13.4 1.4 velocity head = (3.63)(([)
S 3.8 8.2 5.1 16.6 1.8 pD.
4 5.0 10.7 6.7 21.8
' 2.4 5
6.3 13.4 8.4 27.4 S.0 6
7.6 16.2 10.1 32.8 S.5 Q = nozzle rate (lb/sec) p = density (Ib/ft') at the terminal static pressure Thble A-S.2(b) Equivalent Inngth in Feet of Welded Pipe Mttings Schedule 40 Steel Mpe D = feed pipe diameter (in.)
NOTE: The calculation method described in this standard is Elbow 90*
Union based on 70*F (21*C). For unbalanced systems, if the agent Pipe long Rad.
Coupling storage temperature is expected to vary by more than 10*F Size Elbow Elbow
& Tee Tee or (5.5'C) from this temperature, the actual agent quantity dip (in.)
Std. 45' Std. 90*
Thru How Side Gate Valve charged from each nozzle can vary significantly from the cal-0.2 0.7 0.5 1.6 0.3 culated agent distribuuon.
0.3 0.8 0.7 2.1 0.4 The percent of agent in piping is defined by the following
' O.4 1.1 0.9 2.8 0.5 equation and should not exceed 80 percent of the charged 1
0.5 1.4 1.1 S.5 0.6 weight.
1%
0.7 1.8 1.5 4.6 0.8 1%.
0.8 2.1
.1.7 a 5.4 -
r o.9, c percentin piping = 100I(Yp)())
2 1.0 2.8 2.2 -. 6.9
. ~.1.2 m
g, 2%
1.2 S.3 2.7 8.2 1.4 5
1.5 4.1 S.S 10.2
1.8 where
4 2.0 5.4 4.4 13.4 2.4 I = sumraation of (Vp) (f) values for all pipeline sections 5
2.5 6.7 5.5 16.8 S.0 6
S.0 8.1 6.6 20.2 S.5 Q = internal volume of each section of piping (ft')
) = average p'ipeline density of agent for each section of pip-ing (Ib/ft )
Table A-S-2(c) Minimum Design How Rates to Achieve
'Ibrbulent Pipeline How W = initial charge weight of Halon 1301 (Ib)
NOTE: - Internal volume figures for steel pipe and tubing are Nominal Pipe Schedule 40 Schedule 40 D am Mer n mum w ate nimen H w Rate j
given in Tables A-3-2.4(a). A-S-2.4(b), and A-3-2.4(c).
(In.)
(Ib/sec)
(Ib/sec)
Flow calculations should be based on average pressure con-0.20 0.11 ditions existing in the system when half of the agent has been 0.34 0.24 discharged from the nozzles.The average pressure in the stor-0.68 0.48 age container is determined on the basis of the pressure reces-1.0 0.79 sion in the storage container and the effect of percent of agent 2.0 1.9 in the piping during discharge.The calculated pressure receF 1
S.4 2.8 sion for both 600- and 360-psig (4137-and 2482-kPa) storage IK 5.8 4.8 is plotted on Figures A-3-2.4(b) and A.3-2.4(c), respectively.
IK. _,
13 IS 8.4 7.5 The rate of pressure recessiou in the storage container de.
2 pends on the initial-filling density as illustrated in Figures 24 19.5 17 A-3-2.4(b) and A-3-2.4(c). If the pipeline has negligible vol.
S SS 26 ume compared to the quantity of agent to be discharged, the 4
58 48 average container pressure for pressure drop calculations 5
95 81 would be the point in the recession curve where 50 percent 6
127 109
~
of the charge has been expelled from the container. In many For SI Units. I lb/sec = 0.454 kg/s.
systems this will not be the case because a substantial portion 1997 Edition
r C A04598 REV 0 P AGE ff 12A-26 HALON 1 Sol FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEhtS 70 Table A-3-2.4(a) Constants to Determine Percent of Agent in Piping f
/r
. Storage (psig)
Filling Density K
4 j
600 psig storage (Ibs/ft')
[
60 60
/
600 70 7180 46 g 70 g 600 60 7250 40 600 50 7320 34 600-40 7390 28
)
360 70 6730 52 360 60 6770 46 50
- /
$60 50 6810 40 360 40 6850 34 E
360 psig storage (Ibs/ft')
70.,
j 40 60 '
Table A 3-2.4(b) InternalVolume of Steel Pipe C ** Per Foot ohgth O
3 Nominal Pipe Schedule 40 Schedule 80 1
Diameter Inside Diameter Inside Diameter 1 30 (in.)
(in.)
(ft'/ft)
(in.)
(ft'/ft)
(
K 0.364 0.0007 0.502 0.0005
/
0.493 0.0013 0.423 0.0010 20 K
0.622 0.0021 0.546 0.0016 0.824 0.0037 0.742 0.0030 1
1.049 0.0060 0.957 0.0050
[
1%
1.380 0.0104 1.278 0.0089
/V 1%
1.610 0.0141 1.500 0.0123 10
/
2 2.067 0.0233 1.939 0.0205 2K 2.469 0.0332 2.323 0.0294 m
{-
100 200 300 400 500 S
3.068 0.0513 2.900 0.0459 SK S.548 0 0687 S.364 0.0617-v Terminal pressures (psig) 4 4.026:
0.0884 3.826 0.0798 -
Figure A-3-2.4(a) Calculated =E=l-ime openend pipe specific flow rate versus total terednal pressure. '
of the charge will reside'in the piping during discharge, re-where-ducing the average container pressure during actual dis-
. W = initial charge weight of Halon 1301 (Ib) charge from the nozzle.
Figure A-52.4(d) illustrates the condition where 20 percent V, = m. ternal pipe volume (ft')
of the agent supply by weight resides in the piping during dis.
K,, K, = constants from Table A-S-2.4(a) charge. The average storage pressure for flow calculation for An alternative solution of the percent in piping after termi-the 600-psig (4137-kPa) system with initial filling density of nal pressures have been calculated is to use the percent in pip-70 lb/ft" (1121 kg/m') is reduced from a maximum of 403 psig ing equation. Average density values can be obtained from (2779 kPa) to 355 psig (2448 kPa). Proceeding in this way, the rigure A-S2.4(f) for the 600-psig (4137-kPa) systems and from average container pressure for flow calculation is a logical Figure A-S2.4(g) for the 360-psig (2482-LPa) systems.
function of the percent of agent in the piping as given in Fig-For piping systems, pressure drop should be calculated by ure A-52.4(e). Several factors combme to allow a simple ex-g,
g trapolation of the average storage container pressure versus method approved by the authority havingjurisdiction.
percent of agent in the piping curves up to a calculated 80 per-cent of the supply in the pipeline.
1.0lS D" Y The quantity of agent in the piping system during discharge
([ = L + 8.08D*Z is a function of the actual volume of the piping times the aver-l age density of the agent. The average density cannot be accu-where:
rately determined until after the terminal pressure has been Q = flow rate (Ib/sec) calculated. The problem does not have a direct solution; how-D = inside P pe diameter (in.)
i ever, the following equation can be used to estimate the per.
cent in piping for calculating purposes. This is based on the L = equivalent length of pipe (ft) probability that the terminal pressure will be near the mini-l',2 = factors depending on density and pressure mum permitted.
In no case should the nozzle pressure be lower than the listed pressure.
g Percent m pipmg =
NOTE: This flow equation contains a friction factor based on j
jg comn ercial steel pipe.
1997 Editai
CA04598 REV0 APPMDIX A 12A-27 naee i n v s.
,e Table A-S-2.4(c) InternalVolume of Copper Tbbing 600 ActualInside Internal Volume Size Type Diameter (in.)
(ft'/ft)
End of liquid line
\\'
500 M
N N
N L
0.315 0.0005 f
K 0.305 0.0005 M
0.450 0.0011 N
N q
L 0.430 0.0010
\\
6d g
'7, K
0.402 0.0009 0
0.569 0.0018 300 M
L 0.545 0.0016 initial fill densitv (Ibs/ft )d 8
K 0.527 0.0015 s
M 0.811 0.0037
'200 L
0.785 0.0034 K
0.745 0.0030 1
M 1.055 0.0061 100 L
1.025 0.0057 K
0.995 0.0054 1%
M 1.291 0.0091 L
1.265 0.0087 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 K
1.245 0.0085 Percent outage IK M
1.527 0.0127 (Percent of charged weight having left container)
L 1.505 0.0124 Calculated mmum h for M storage.
K-1.481 0.0120
% A42.4@)
P
)
2 M
2.009 0.0220 L
1.985 0.0215 400 K
1.959 0.0209
{
End of liquid line -
2%
M 2.495 0.0340 L
2.465 0.0331
~ 300 A
\\
K 2.435 0.0323 k
- Q74o, 3
M 2.981 0.0485 5
L 2.945 0.0473 f N(
f S
3 initial fill density (Ibs/ft )-
3%
M 3.459 0.0653 j
L 3.425 0.0640 K
3.385 0.0625 100 4
M 3.935 0.0845 L
3.905 0.0832 K
3.857 0.0811 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent outage (Percent of charr,ed weight having left container)
Sample Calculation. An 80-lb (36-kg) supply of agent is t Hgure A42.4(c) Caledated pressure recession for $60 psig storage.
be discharged in 10 seconds through the piping system shown in Figure A-3-2.4(h). The agent storage container is pressur-ized to 360 p,sig (2482 kPa) and has a filling density of 70 lb/ft' (1121 kg/m ),
2 = Inb#
The two-phase flow equation becomes specific for lialon where:
1801 when the Yand 2 factors are based on the proper pres-P = storage pressure (psia) sure and density values using the following equations:
3 P = pipeline pressure (psia) p, = density at pressure P, (Ib/ft')
Y = -fPAP p = density at pressure P(Ib/ft')
^
In = naturallogarithm 1997 Edition
C A04598 REV 0 12A-28 HALON 1501 HRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS PAGE #
600 100 go _ Filling density (Ibs/ft')
/2 N
l ww/
N'l l
ESSS9' M
u c
b 400 g"O y
g 30 ff j
30 g
f
$ 200 g
E 0
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 100 Pipeline pressure (psig)
_l__
enthalpy expansion.
Hgure A-5-2.4(f) Pipeline density for C00psig systerns based on constant O
~~
40 60
~I700 100 20 8
Percent outage I
I
//>/j' (Percent of charged wel0ht having left container) go Fming density (Ibs/ft )
8 7
Hgure A4-2.4(d) Percent outage.
80 50 '
"O AV C
c c
~ 50
['
^
5do
]q j
45o s
y
- 4= x x
- N
=
j s
x e g
j 20 s
'N N
%-l' i
N
\\
350 N
N 0
N N
100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 6g
-g
$ 300 s
Pipeline pressure (psig)
N g3 N
N
?g N
Hgure A 3-2.4(g) Pipeline density for 560psig systems based on constant w
l enthalpy expansion.
N g
18 m) 200
.),,60 7
@ 9 ft 2 7 m) -
N 150 (1.8 m) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 20 ft (6 m)
Percent of agent to fill pipeline s
Hgure A-3-2.4(e) Percent of agent to fill pipeline.
7 ft (2.1 m) 52 A direct solution of the flow equation for pressure is not possible; however, the equation can be rearranged to solve for Y, which is related to pressure.
Hgure A-3 2.4(h) Calculated solution.
1997 Edition
C A04598 REV 0 P AGE 97 12A-29 APPEDIX A Y, = Y + 7 :+ B(2,- Z )([
lon 1301 at the 243 psig (1675 kPa) starting pressure of the sec-
"Ihe elevation change (EL) is 7 ft.The density (p) of the lia-j i
I tion is found to be 83 lb/ft'in Figure A-S2.4(f) on the 70 lb/ft' where:
fill density curve. The pressure loss due to the 7-ft increase in elevation is li = Ffactor at start of secu,on Y, = Yfactor at end of section p. 83 x 7, 4 ;
144 Z = Zfactor at start of section i
2, = Zfactor at end of section The new starung psig is 243 - 4 = 239.
l (6) Determine Y and Z from Table A-12.4(i).
{
A = 1.013 D 85 i
i i
For a starting prenure of 239 psig, B = 7S7/#
1 = 2819 and Z = 0.173 i
L = equivalent length of section (ft)
(7) Determine Y,from equauon.
Q = flow rate (Ib/sec) i D = inside diameter of pipe (in.)
Ya " F +
+ B(2,- Z )([
i i
NOTE: A and B factors are for steel pipe.
= 2819 + 58(8)'
1302 + 6.5U,-0.U3)(8)
The Yand Z factors depend on both storage pressure and fill-ing density; therefore, separate tables are required for each stor-age condition. Table A-S2.4(d) provides precalculated A and B The 2 term is small and can be' neglected for an m. itial solu-U "-
factors for steel pipe. Tables A-S2.4(e), (f), (g), and (h) are for the 600-psig (4137-kPa) systems with filling densities of 70,60, Y, = 5670 50, and 40 lb/ft'. Tables A-S2.4(1), (j), (k), and (1) are for the (8) Determine terminal pressure.
360-psig (2482-kPa) systems with the same filling densities.
The terminal pressure of Section 1-2 is 200 psig from Table A-S2.4(i). At this point the Zfactor is about 0.475. Using this Two-Phase Solution value for 2,, the last term of the equation becomes 127. Then, Y, = 5670 + 127 - 5797 f "*lter i pressure of Section 1-2 is then between Section Pipe
()
f.
t Rate
) (p )
39 7,
1-2 1in.Sch.40 27 58 7
8,243 197-(9) Section 2-3..
2-3 % in. Sch. 40 15 19 b
4 197 181 For the next section, 2-4 % in. Sch. 40 15 19 0
4 197 181 Y, = 5797 +
+ 17.3'(2,- 0.475)(4)'
(1) Calculate A and B.
= 6628 For 1-in. pipe.
i Terminal pressure = 182 psig l
A = 1.302 and B = 6.59 Z, = 0.652 For %-in. pipe.
Y, = 6628 + 17.3 (0.652 - 0.475)(4)'
l A = 0.3666 and B = 17.3
= 6628 + 49 - 6677 (2) Determine piping volume using Table A-S2.4(b).
Terminal pressure is between 182 and 181 psig. Use 181 psir.
(3) Estimate percentin piping.
The solution would then be reiterated until reasonable agreement between the estimated percent in the pipe and the 6730 final calculated quantity is obtained. Such reiteration is, how-
% m. pipmg = (80/0,273) + 52 = 19.5%
ever, time consuming and subject to numerical error when manual calculation means are used. For this reason, the two-h P ase method is normally used with a programmed computer.
(4) Determine average container pressure during dis-charge using Figure A-3-2.4(d), based on the estimated 19.5 In unbalanced systems, it is important to use the proper or-percent in piping the average storage container pressure in ifice size at each nozzle to give the desired flow rate at the cal-243 psig (1675 kPa).
culated terminal pressure. This is based on the flow (5) Elevation correction. Before calculating pressure characteristics ofindividual nozzles as provided in the manu-drop due to friction, the pressure change due to elevation in f cturer's design manual.
Section 1-2 must be calculated. The relationship in A-3-2 is A-3-2.6 See A-1-5.1.
used:
A-3-2.7 See A-1-5.1.
1 a p, P(A EL)
A-3-3.1.2 The design of total flooding Italon 1301 systems 144 only beneath the raised floor of electronic data processing l
1997 Edmon
C A04598 REV O PAGE F 12A-30 nAt.oM ison rmt Errixot ismo smtus Table A-3-2,4(d) Precalculated A and B Factors for Steel Pipe seated fire will extinguish the flame, thereby greatly reducing the rate of burning, the quantity of agent required for com.
l P ete extinction of all embers is difficult to assess. It depends Schedule 40 Schedule 80
. Pipe Sise on the nature of the fuel,its state of comminution,its pistribu-Nominal A
R A
B tion within the enclosure, the length of time it has been burn-ing, the rado of the area of the burning surface to the volume 0.02472 135.0 0.01106 249.0 of the enclosure, and the degree of ventilation in the enclo-0.08375 53.3 0.04225 89.7 sure, it is usually difficult or impractical to maintain an ade-0.3666 17.5 0.2115 26.S quate concemration for a sufficient time to ensure the l
comp ete extinction of a deep-seated fire. However, the con-1 1.302 6.59 0.8043 9.51 centration should be maintained for the time period required 1%
5.495 2.20 3.672 2.99 to obtain response by emergency personnel.
1%
12.34 1.19 8.513 1.58 Fires in Solid Materials. Two types of fires can occur in 2
45.85 0.437 32.76 0.564 s lid fuels: one in which volatile gases resulting from heating 2K 115.5 0.216 84.6 0.274 or decomposition of the fuel surface are the source of combus-3 364.4 0.090 271.1 0.115 tion; and another in which oxidation occurs at the surface of, 4
1518.0 0.0304 1162.0 0,0372 or uithin, the mass of fuel. The former is commonly referred 5
4972.0 0.0123 3875.0 0.0149 to as " flaming" combustion, while the latter is often called 6
13050.0 0_00589 9959.0 0.00724
" smoldering" or " glowing" combustion. The two types of fires frequently occur concurrently, although one type of burning can precede the other. For example, a wood fire can start as (EDP) facilities when the occupied space above the raised flaming combustion and become smoldering as burning floor is not similarly protected by a total flooding Halon 1301 progresses. Conversely, spontaneous' ignition in a pile of oily system does not meet the intent of this standard. Such a design rags can begin as a smoldering fire and break into flames at does not comply with the definition of a total flooding system some later point. Flaming combustion, because it occurs in or with this chapter.
the vapor phase, is promptly extinguished with low levels of 1 al n 1301. In the absence of smoldering combustion, it will
[,
A-3-4.1 Flammable liquid and gas fires are subject to prompt extinguishment when Halon 1801 is quickly introduced int Smoldering combustion is not subject to immediate extin-the enclosure m sufficient quantity to provide an extinguish-guishment as is flaming combustion. Characteristic.of this type mg concentration for the particular matenals mvolved. NFPA ofcombustion is the slow rate of heat losses from the reaction f,
69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, should be referred zone Thus, the fuel remains hot enough to reactwith oxygen, to when possible flammable concentrations of gases make ex-
,,,, though the rate of reaction, which is controlled by diffu-plosion protection tecimiques necessary.
sion processes,is extremely slow. Smoldering fires can con-Where an explosion potential exists due to the presence of tinue to burn for many weeks, for example in bales of cotton gaseous, volatile, or atomized fuels either before or followmg andJute and within heaps of sawdust. A smoldering fire ceases a fire, NFPA 68, Guidefor Venting ofDeflagrations,.and NFPA 69' to burn only when either all of the available oxygen or fuel has Standard on Explosion Arvention Systems, covermg yapor detec-been consumed or when the fuel surface'is at too low a tem-
~
tion and explosion ventmg and suppression should be con-perature to react. These fires are usually extinguished by re-sulted. In particular, extreme caution should be taken following ducing the fuel temperature, either directly by application of inerting of a nch fuel-air mixture since compartment leakage a heat absorbing medium, such as water, or by blanketing with or ventilauon will cause the mixture to pass through the explo-an inert gas. 'Ihe inert gas slows the reaction rate to the point sive range of concentrations when fresh air is admitted.
where heat generated by oxidation is less than heat losses to A-3-4.1.2 surroundings. This causes the temperature to fall below the (a) Applicability offlame Extinguishment Concentrations. The level necessary for spontaneous ignition after removal of the minimum design concentration required to extinguish nor-ineri atmosphere.
For the purposes of th,s standard, smoldering flies are d,-
i i
mal fires involving certain flammable gases and liquids at at-mospheric pressure is applicable if the conditions for reflash uded into two classes: (1) where the smoldering is not " deep seated and (2) deep-seated fires The difference,s only a mat-i or explosion do not exist.
ter of degree, and the disunction is a funcuonal one: if a 5 per-Cu) Temperature Sensitivity. The flame extinguishing con-cent concentration ofIIalon 1301 will not extinguish it within centration required for some fuels depends on the fuel tem-10 minutes of application, it is considered to be deep seated.
perature. All fuels should be tested at least at tw in practice, experiments have shown a rather sharp dividing temperatures to determme temperature sensmuty.
line between the two. Deepseated fires usually require much (c) SpecialFire Consideration. Where high temperatures or higher concentrations than 10 percent and much longer soak-pressures exist or can result from delayed system activation ing times than 10 minutes.
and for configurations other than simple pool or gasjet fires.
Whe'her a fire will become deep seated depends,in part, on added tests specific to the intended application should be the length of time it has been burning before application of the
- made, extinguishing agent. This time is usually called the "preburn" time. Underwriters Laboratories
- wood crib fires (IA) and A-S-4.1.2 Table. See A-3-4.2.1 for basis of Table 3-4.1.2.
stacks of wood pallets have been readily extinguished with less A-3-4.2 lialon 1301, like other halogenated hydrocarbons, than 5 percent Halon 1301 maintained for less than 10 minutes chemically inhibits the propagation of flame. However, al-following discharge. (See UL 711, Rating and Fire 7esting of Fire though the presence of Halon 1301 in the vicinity of a deep-Extinguishers.)1n these tests, a 10-minute preburn was allowed.
1997 Ed5 hon
f CA04598 REVO PAGE 71 APPENDIX A ia_3i Table A-3-2.4(e) llalon 1501 at 600 psig and 70 lb/ft' Yand 2 Factors Y
j psig Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
400 0.006 290 194 97 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
390 0.028 1243 1149 1054 960 865 769 674 578 482 386 380 0.051 2176 2084 1991 1898 1806 1712 1619 1525 1432 1338 370 0.076 3086 2996 2906 2816 2725 2634 2543 2451 2360 2268 360 0.102 3974 3886 3798 3710 3622 3533 3444 3355 3266 3176 350 0.129 4838 4753 4667 4581 4495 4409 4323 4236 4149 4062 340 0.159 5678 5595 5512 5428 5345 5261 5177 5093 5008 4923 330 0.191 6492 6412 6331 6251 6109
% 88 6007 5925 5843 5760
$20 0.224 7281 7203 7125 7047 6968 6890 6811 6731 6652 6572 310 0.260 8042 7967 7892 7816 7741' 7665 7588 7512 7435 7358 300 0.298 8776 8704 8631 8559 8486 8413 8339 8265 8191 8117 290 0.539 9482 9412 9343 9273 9203 9132 9062 8991 8919 8848 280 0.382 10158 10092 10025 9958 9891 9823 9756 9688 9619 9051 270 0.429 10805 10741 10678 10614 10550 10485 10420 10355 10290 10224 260 0.478 11421 11361 11300 11239 11178 11117 11055 10993 10930 10868 250 0.531 12007 11950 11892 11834 11776 11718 11659 11600 11541 11481 240 0.588 12561 12507 12453 12398 12343 12288 12232 12176 12120 12064 230 0.649 13084 15033 12982 12930 12878 12826 12774 12721 12668 12615 220 0.713 15575 13527 13479 13431 18382 13333 13284 15234 13184 13154 210 0.782 14034 IS990 13945 18900 15854 13808 13762 15716 13669 15622 200 0.855 14462 14421 14379 14337 14295 14252 14209 14166 14122 14078 190 0.934 14859 14820 14782 14743 14704 14664 14624 14584 14544 14503 180 1.017 15225 15190 15154 15118 15082 15046 15009 14972 14934 14897 170 1.105 15561 15528 15496 15463 15430 15396 15363 15329 15294 15260 160 1.198 15868 15838 15809 15779 15748 15718 15687 15656 15624 15593 150 1.297 16146 16120 16093 16066 16038 16010 15982 15954 15926 15897 140 1.402 16398 16374 16350 16325 16301 16276 16250 16225 16199 16173 130 1.513 16624 16603 16581 16559 16537 16514 16491 16469 16445 16422 120 1.631 16826 16807 16787 16768 16748 16728 16708 16687 16666 16645 110 1.755 17004 16987 16970 16953 16935 16918 16900 16882 16863 16845 100 1.888 17161 17147 17132 17116 17101 17085 17070 17054 17037 17021 90 2.029 17298 17286 17273 17259 17246 17232 17219 17205 17190 17176 80 2.181 17417 17406 17395 17383 17372 17360 17348 17336 17324 17311 70 2.347 17518 17509 17499 17489 17479 17469 17459 17449 17438 17428 60 2.530 17603 17595 17587 17579 17571 17562 17554 17545 17536 17527 1997 Edition
C A04598 REV O
'12A-32 HRON 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISil!NG $WTEMS gggg g
.n--
Table A 3 2.4(f)
Halon 1301 at 600 pig and 60 lb/ft' l'and Z Factors
)
I' pig Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
420 0.019 956 861 766 671 575 480 384 289 195 96 410 0.039 1893 1800 1707 1614 1520 1426 1533 1239 1144 1050 400 0.060 2811 2720 2629 2537 2446 2554 2262 2170 2078 1985 390 0.083 S709 5620 S5SI S442 3352 3262 3172 3082 2992 2901 380 0.106 4587 4500 4413 4525 4238 4150 4062 3974 5886 3798 570 0.132 5443 5358 5273 5188 5105 5017 4932 4846 4760 4673 360 0.158 6277 6195 6112 6029 5946 5863 5779 5696 5612 5527 350 0.187 7089 7009 6929 6848 6767 6686 6605 6523 6442 6360 340 0.217 7877 7800 7722 7645 7565 7486 7407 7528 7249 7169 330 0.249 8642 8566 8491 8415 8539 8265 8186 8109 8052 7955 320 0.283 9581 9308 9235 9162 9088 9014 8940 8866 8791 8717 310 0.319 10095 10025 9954 9883 9812 9741
% 70 9598 9526 9454 300 0.358 10783 10715 10647 10579 10511 10442 10573 10304 10235 10165 290 0.509 11444 11379 11314 11248 11183 11117 11050 10984 10917 10850 280 0.442 52077 12015 11953 11890 11827 11764 11701 11637 11573 11508 270 0.489 12683 12624 12564 12504 12444 12384 12323 12262 12201 12139 260 0.538 13261 15204 13148 13090 13033 12976 12918 12859 12801 12742
,250 0.591 15809 13756 13702 18648 13593 13539 15484 15428 13.373 13317 N
240 0.647 14329 14278 14227 14176 14125 14073 14021 13968 15916 15863 230 0.707 14820 14772 14724 14675 14627 14578 14529 14479 14430 14379 220 0.770 15281 15256 15191 15145 15100 15054 15008 14961 14914 14867 210 0.858 15713 15671 15629 15586 15543 15500 15457 15413 15369 15525 200 0.909 16116 16077 16037 15998 15958 15918 15877 15837 15796 15754 190 0.985 16490 16454 16417 16581 16344 16306 16269 16231 16193 16154 180 1.066 -
16836 16802 16769 16735 16701 16666 16632 16597 16561 16526 170 1.152 17154 17123 17095 17061 17030 16998 16966 16934 16902 16869 160 1.243 17445 17418 17389 17361 17332 17503 17274 17244 17214 17184 150 1.559 17711 17685 17660 17634 17608 17581 17555 17528 17501 17475 140 1.441 17951 17928 17905 17882 17858 17834 17810 17786 17761 17736 130 1.549 18168 18147 18126 18105 18084 18062 18041 18019 17996 17974 120 1.664 18361 18343 18324 18506 18287 18267 18248 18228 18208 18188 110 1.785 18534 18517 18501 18484 18467 18450 18435 18415 18398 18380 100 1.914 18686 18671 18657 18642 18627 18612 18597 18581 18566 18550 90 2.052 18818 18806 18793 18781 18767 18754 18741 18727 18714 18700 80 2.201 18954 18923 18912 18901 18890 18878 18867 18855 18845 18831 70 2.363 19032 19023 19014 19004 18995 18985 18975 18965 18955 18944 60 2.543 19116 19108 19100 19092 19084 19076 19068 19059 19050 19041 1997 Edition
CA04598 REV O P AG E /4l APPENDIX A 12A.-33 i
Table A-5-2.4(g)
Halon 1301 at 600 peig and 50 lb/ft' Yand Z Factors
.)
Y peig Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
450 0.012 667 573 478 382 287 192 96 0
0 0
440 0.030 1607 1513 1420 1527 1233 1139 1045 951 857 762 430 0.049
-2529 2437-2346 2254 2162 2070 1978 1885 1792 1700 420 0.068 3434 3344 3254 3164 3074 2984 2893 2802 2711 2620 410-0.089 4321 4233 4145 4056 3968 3879 3791 3702 3613 3523 400 0.111 5189 5103 5017
-4930 4844 4757 4670 4583 4496 4408 390 0.134 6038 5954 5870 5785 5701 5616 5531 5446 5360 5275 380 0.158 6867 6785 6702 6620 6538 6455 6372 6289 6205 6122 370 0.184 7675 7595 7515 7435 7354 7273 7192 7111 7030 6948 360 0.212 8462 8384 8306 8228 8150 8071 7992 7913 7834 7755 350 0.241 9227 9151 9076 9000 8924 8847 8771 8694 8617 8539 340 0.272 9970 9896
$823 9749 M75 9601 9527 9452 9377 9302 330 0.304 10689 10618 10547 10476 10404 10332 10260 10188 10115 10043 l
(
$20 0.339 11385 11316 11247 11178 11109 11040 1:)970 10900 10830 10760 310 0.375 12056 11990 11924 11857 11790 11723 11656 11589 11521 11453 500 0.414 12702 12b39 12575 12511 12447 12382 12318 12252 12187 12122 290 0.455 13324 13263 13201 13140 13078 13016 12954 12891 12829 12766
)
280
'O.499 13919 13861 13802 15743 13684 13625 13565 13505 13445 13384
" 270 0.546 14488 14432 14376 14320 14264 14207 14150 14092 14035 13977 260 0.595 15031 14978 "14924 14871
'14817 l'4763 14708 14654 14599 14544 250 0.647 I554'6 154 %
15445
'15394 15343 15292 15240 15188 15136 15083 240 0.703 16035 15987 15939 15891 15842 15794 15745 15696 15646 155 %
230 0.762 -
164 %
16451 16406 16360 16315 16269 16222 16176 16129 16082 220 0.825 16930 16888 16845 16B02 16759
.16716 16673 16629 16585 16540 210 0.892 17337 17297 17257 17217 17177 17137 17096 17055 17013 16972 200 0.962 17716 17680 17642 17605 17568 17530 17492 17453 17415 17376 190 1.037 18069 18035 18001 17%6 17931 178 %
17861 17825 17789 17753 180 1.117 183%
18365 18333 18301 18269 18236 18203 17170 18137 18103 170 1.201 18698 18669 18639 18610 18580 18550 18520 18489 18459 18428 160 1.290 18974 18947 18921 18894 18866 18859 18811 18783 18755 18726 150 1.384 19226 19202 19178 19153 19128 19103 19078 19052 19026 19000 140 1.484
.19455 19433 19411 19389 19366 19343 19320 19297 19274 19250 i
ISO 1.589 19662 19642 19622 19602 19582 19561 19540 19519 19498 19477 120-1.701 19847 19829 19811 19793 19775 19757 19738 19719 19700 19681 110 1.820 20012 19996 19981 19965 19948 19932 19915 19898 19881 19864 100 1.947 20158 20144 20130 20116 20102 20087 20073 20058 20043 20027 90 2.083 20286 20274 20262 20249 20237 20224 20211 20198 20185 20172 80 2.229 20397 20387 20376 20366 20355 20344 20333 20321 20$10 20298 70 2.385 20493 20484 20475 20466 20457 20447 20437 20428 20418 20408 60 2.555 20574 20567 20559 20551 20543 20535 20527 20519' 20510 20502 1997 Edibon
64@4598 REV 0 12A-34 HRON 1301 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SWTEMS Table A-3-2.4(h)
IIalon 1501 at 600 psig and 40 lb/ft' Yand Z Factors
)
Y psig Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
480 0.008 475 380 285 190 95 0
0 0
0 0
470 0.024 1414 1521 1227 1134 1040 9469 852 758 664 570 460 0.041 2337 2246 2154 2062 1970 1878 1785 1692 1600 1507 450 0.058 3245 3155 3065 2975 2884 2793 2702 2611 2520 2429 440 0.076 4137 4049
$960 3871 3782 3693 3604 3515 3425 3335 430 0.096 5012 4926 4839 4752 4664 4577 4489 4402 4314 4225 420 0.116 5871 5785 5700 5615 5529 5444 5358 5272 5185 5099 410 0.137 6711 6628 6544 6461 6377 6293 6209 6125 6040 5955 400 0.160 7533 7452 7370 7288 7206 7124 7042 6959 6877 6794 390 0.184 S356 8257 8177 8097 8017 7937 7856 7776 7695 7614 380 0.209 9120 9042 8965 8887 8809 8730 8652 8573 8494 8415 370 0.236 9883 9808 9732 9656 9580 9504 9428 9351 9274 9197 360 0.264 1 % 27 10553 10480' 10406 10332 10258 10183 10109 10034 9959 350 0.293 11348 11277 112 %
11134 11062 10990 10918 10845 10773 10700 340 0.325 12049 11980 11910 11841 11771 11701 11631 11561 11490 11419 330 0.358 12727 12660 12593 12526 12458 12391 12323 12254 12186 12118 320 0.393 13382
,13318 13253 13188 13123 15057 12992 12926 12860 12793 310 0.430 14014 13952 13890 13827 13764 13701 13658
.13574 13510 13446 O(d 300 0.469 14623 14563 14503 14443 14382 14321
}4260 14193 14138 14076 290 0.511 15207 15150 15092 15034 14976 14918 M859
,14800 14741 14682 280 0.555 15767 15712 15657
.15601
,15546
,15490 j5334 15378 15321 15264 270 0.602 16302 16250 16197
.16144 16091 16038 15984 15930 15876 15821 260 0.651 16812 16762 16712 16662 16611 16560 56509 16458 16406 16354 250 0.704 17296 17249 17202 17154 17106 17057 17009 16960 16911 16861 240 0.759 17756 17711 17666 17621 17575 17529 17483 17437 17390 17344 230 0.818 18189 18147 18105 18062 18019 17976 17932 17888 17844 17800 220 0 880 18597 18558 18518 18478 18437 18397 18356 18314 18273 18231 210 0.946 18980 18943 18906 18868 18830 18792 18754 18715 18676 18637 200 1.016 19338 19303 19268 19233 19198 19162 19126 19090 19054 19017 190 1.090 19671 19639 19606 19574 19541 19508 19474 19440 19407 19372 180 1.168 19979 19950 19920 19889 19859 19828 19797 19766 19735 19703 170 1.251 20264 20237 20209 20181 20153 20125 20096 20067 20038 20009 160 1.339 20526 20500 20475 20449 20424 20398 20371 20345 20318 20291 150 1.431 20764 20742 20718 20695 20672 20648 20624 20600 20575 20550 140 1.529 20982 20961 20940 20919 20897 20876 20854 20832 20810 20787 130 1.633 21178 21159 21140 21121 21102 21082 21063 21043 21023 21002 120 1.744 21354 21338 21321 21304 21286 21269 21251 21233 21215 21197 110 1.861 21512 21497 21482 21467 21451 21435 21420 21404 21387 21371 100 1.986 21651 21638 21625 21611 21598 21584 21570 21556 21541 21527 90 2.120 21774 21763 21751 21739 21727 21715 21702 21690 21677 21664 80 2.264 21881 21871 21861 21853 21840 21829 21819 21808 21797 21785 21'47 21938 21929 21919 21910 21900 21891 70 2.420 21973 21964 21955 9
60 2.591 22051 22044 22036 22029 22021 22013 22006 21998 21989 21981 19J7 Edition
C A04598 REV O PA6E>I6 12A-35 APPENDIX A Table A-5-2.4(1)
Halon 1801 at $60 peng and 70 lb/ft' Yand ZFactors Y
J peig 2
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
260 0.050
%2 868 773 678 583 487 39'l 294 196 98 250 0.105 1874 1785 16 %
1606 1515 1424 IS33 1241 1148.
1055 240 0.166 2735 2652 2567 2483 2397 2311 2225 2138 2051 1963 250 0.233 3545 3465 3386 3307 3227 3146 3065 2984 2901 2819 220 0.307 4297 4224 41A 4076 4002 3927 5851 3775 3698
$621 210 0.587 4994 4927 4859 4791 4722 4652 4582 4512 4441 4369 200 0.475 5635 5573 5511 5449 5385 5322 5257 5192 5127 5%1 190 0.570 6220 6164 6107 6050 5993 5935 5876 5816 5757 5696 180 0.673 6750 6699 6648 6597 6544 6492 6439 6385 6330 6275 170 0.783 7227 7181 7135 7089 7042 6995 6947 6898 6849 6800 160 0.899 7652 7612 7571 7530 7488 7446 7403 7359 7316 7271 150 1.021 8030 7994 7958 7922 7885 7847 7809 7771 7732 7692 140 1.149
'8364 8332
$300 8268 8235 8202 8169 8135 8100 8066 ISO 1.282 8656 8629 8601 8573 8544 8515 8486 8456 8425 8395 120 1.422 8912 8888 8864 8859 8814 8789 8763 8737 8710 8684 110 1.567 9133 9115 9092 9070 9049 9027 9004 8982 8959 8935 100
'l.719 9324 9306 9288 9270 9251 9232 9213 9194 9174 9154 90 1.879 9488 9472 9457 9441 9425 9409 9393 9376 9359 9342
)
80 2.047 9626 49614 9600 9587 9574 9560 9546 9532 9517 9503 70 2.225 9743 9732 9721 9710 9699 9687 9676 9664
% 51 9639 60 2.417 9840 9831 9822
'9813 9804 9794 9784 9774 9764 9754 Charcoal, the ultimate product of a wood fire, required over 30 however, the use of a IIalon 1301 system for control or extin-minutes for complete extinguishment in a 5 percent }{alon guishment of a deep-seated fire is usually unattractive. Long 1301 concentration. In charcoal fires, higher agent concentra-soaking times are usually difficult to maintain without an ex-tions were found to reduce the soaking times. At a 10 percent tended agent discharge, and at high agent concentrations concentration, a 20-minute soaking time was required, and at these systems become rather expensive. The use of lialon 20 percent, the soaking time was reduced below 15 minutes.
1301 systems will generally be limited to solid combustibles Another important variable is the fuel configuration. While that do not become deep seated, wood cribs and pallets are easily extinguished with 5 percent ne deep. seated potential of a solid material in a given sit-Halon 1301, vertical wood panels closely spaced and parallel uation can be established positively only by experiment. The require about 25 percent concentrations for 30 to 40 minutes information given in this standard can assist the authority hav-for extinguishment. Fires in boxes of excelsior and in piles of ingjurisdiction in deciding whether such experimentation is shredded paper also required about 20 percent Halon 1301 necessary. Table A-3-4.2(a) provides the quantity of fuel re-for extinguishment. In these situations, heat tends to be re-quired to achieve % of lower explosive limit in air at 1.0 atm tained in the fuel array rather than being dissipated to the sur-and 70*F (21*C). Table A-3-4.2(b) provides information on roundings. Radiation is an important mechanism for heat the development of lialon 1301 design concentrations for removal from smoldering fires.
flame extinguishment for certain fuels.
Experiments with a similar agent, Halon 1211, have shown that the ratio of the burning surface area to the enclosure vol-ume can affect the concentration-soaking time requirements A-3-4.2.1 Most materials th+.t develop deep-seated fires do so for some deep-seated fires. Iow area / volume ratios required after exposure to flaming combustion for a certain length of higher agent concentrations and longer soaking times than time, which varies with the material. In others. the fire can be-higher ratios did. In other words, small fires in large enclo-gin as deep seated through internal ignition, such as sponta-sures were more difficult to extinguish than the contrary situ-neous heating.
ation. This suggested that oxygen depletion is important in Surface fires associated with the burning of solid materials the exunguishment of deep-seated fires.
are also quickly extinguished by Halon 1301. In many solid To date, no firm basis has been developed to predict the materials, smoldering combustion can continue at the surface agent requirements for a deep-seated fire. In a practical sense, of the fuel after extinguishment of the flames. These surface 1997 Editon
C A04598 REV O 12A-36 HAWN 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SWTEMS Table A-3-2.40)
Halon 1301 at 360 peig and 60 lb/ft' Yand 2 Factors Y
p%
Z 0
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 280 0.004 98 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
270 0.051 1056 S62 868 774 678 583 487 390 293 196 260 0.102 1969-1880 1790 1700 1609 1518 1427 1335 1242 1150 250 0.158 2834 2750 2665 2579 2494 2407 2321 2233 2146 2057 240 0.219 3650 3571 3491 S410 3330 3248 3166 3084 3001 2918 230 0.286 4415 4341 4266 4191 4115 4039 3962 3885 5807 3729 220 0.360 5129 5060 4990 4920 4850 4779 4707 4635 4562 4489 210 0.440 5789 5726 5662 5597 5532 5466 5399 5333 5265 5197 200 0.527 6397 6339 6280 6220 6160 6100 6039 5977 5915 5853 190 0.621 6952 6899
- 68 0 6791 6736 S681 6625 6569 6512 6455 180 0.722 7456 7408 7359 7310 7260 7210 7160 7108 7057 7005 170 0.829 7910 7866 7823 7778 7734 7689 7643 759,7 7550 7503 I60 0.942 8316 8278 8239 8199 8159 8119 8078 8036 7995 7952 150 1.062 8678 8644 8609 8574 8538 8503 8466 8429 8392 8354 140 1.187 8998 8958 8937 8906 8875 8843 8811 8778 8745 8712 130 1.518 9280 9254 9227 9199 9172 9144 9115 9087 9058 9028 120 1.455 9527 9503 9480 9456 9432 9408 9383 9358 9332 9306 110 1.598 9741 9721 9700 9680 9659 9638
.9616 9594 9572 9549 100 1.748 9926 9909 9891 9873
'9855 9837 9818 9799 97p 9761 90 1.905 10085 10070 10055 10040 10024 10009 9993 9976
'9960 9943 v
80 2.071 10220 10207 10195 10182 10169 10155 10142 10128 10114 10099 70 2.248 10334 10325'
'10313
-10302 ~ - 10291- - 10279 - 10268 ~1025Q 10244 -
10232 60 2.457 10429 10420 10411 10402 10393 10384 10374 10S$4 10354 10344 9
Table A-34.2(a) Quantity of Fuel Required to Achieve 1/2 of1mer Table A-34.2(b) Develop nent of Halon !S01 Design Explosive Ilmit in Air at 1.0 atm and 70*F (21*C)
Concentrations for name Ext %
n-_t
- "**I
- I" I" V"I""'
Fuel Quantity
. Material (Ib/ft' enclosed volume) kg/m' n-Butane 0.0014 0.0224 Acetone S.S
+0.7
=4.0 5.0 1, 2, 3 Isobutane 0.0016 0.0256 Benzene S.S
+0.7
=4.0 5.0 1, 2, 5 Ethanol S.8
+0.8
=4.6 5.0 1,2. S Carbon disulfide 0.00099 0.0159 Ethylene 6.8
+ 1.4
=8.2 8.2 1, 2, 3 Carbon monexide 0.0045 0.0721 Methane 3.1
+0.7
=S 8 5.0 1, 2, 3 n-Heptane 4.1
+0.8
=4.9 5.0 1,2, S Ethane 0.0012 0.0192 Propane 4.3
+0.9
=5.2 5.2 1, 2, 5 Ethyl alcohol 0.0018 0.0288
' Average of values reported in references rneasured at elevated temperature Ethylene '
O.0020 0.0320 conditions.
' Measured extinguishing concentration plus safety factor are increased to a n-Heptane 0.0016 0.0256 minimum 5 percent for design concentrations.
References:
Hydrogen 0.00011 0.0018
- 1. Bajpai,5. N.," Extinction of Diffusion Flames by Halons? FMRC Serial No.
22545, Report No. 7f>T.59, July 1976.
Methane 0.0011 0.0176
- 2. Riley.J. F. and IL R. Olson, " Determination of Halon 1501/1211 Threshold Extinguishment Concentrations Using the Cup Burner Method? Ansul Repor Propane 0.0015 0.0256 A1,530A. july t,1976.
S. Data on file at Nf7A.
1997 Editx>n
CA04598 REV0 P AG E /[
APPENDIX A 12A-37 Table A 3-2.4(k)
Halon 1301 at 360 pelg and 50 lb/ft' Yand Z Factors N
pelg Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
290 0.008 195 98 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 200 0.051 1148 1055 961 867 772 677 581 485 389 292 270 0.098 -
2059 1970 1880 1790 1700 1609 1518 1426 1334 1241 260 0.150 2926 2841 2756 2670 2584 2498 2411 2324 2236 2148 250 0.206 3747 3667 3586 3505 3424 3342 3260 3177 3094 3010 240 0.268-4521 4446 4370 4294 4217 4140 4062 3984 3906 3827 230 0.335 5247 5177 5106 5035 4%3 4890 4818 4744 4070 4596 220 0,408 5925 5859 5793 5727 5660 5592 5524 5456 J387 5317 210 0.487 6552 6491 6430 6369 6307 6244 6181 6118 6054 50 %
200 0.573 7129 7074 7018 6%1 6904 6847 6789 6730 6671 6612
.190 0.666 7658 7607 7556 7504 7452 7400 7347 7293 7239 7184 180 0.764 8138 8092 8046 7999 7952 7904 7856
,7807 7758 7708 170 0.870 8572 8530
'8489 8446 8404 8361 8317 8273 8228 8183 160 0.981 8961 8924 8887 8849 8810 8772 8733 8693 8653 8613 150 1.097 9308 9275 9242 9208 9174 9140' 9105 9069 9054 8998 140 1.220
% 17 9587 9558 9528 9498 9467 9436 9405 9373 9341 130 1.348 9889 9863 9837 9811 9784 9757 9730 9702
% 74 9645 120 1,482 10127 10105 - 10082 10059 10036 10012 9988 9963 9939 9914 110 1.623 10335 10316
'10296 10276 10255 10235 10214 10193 10171 10149 100 1.770 10515 10498 10481 10464 10446 10428 10410 10392 10373 10354 90 1.926 10670 10656 10641 10626 10611 105 %
10580 10564 10548 10532 80 2.090 10802 10790 10777 10765 10752 10739 10725 10712 10698 10684 70 2.264 10913 10903 10893 10882 10871 10860 10849 10837 10826 10814 60 2.454 11006 10998 10989 10980 10971 10962 10953 10943 10933 10923 embers will normally be extinguished by low concentrations of tion around the fuel until response by emergency personnel Halon 1501 maintained for short periods of time. _
can be achieved.
Deep-seated fires can become established beneath the sur.
Halon 1501 Requirements for Surface Fires. The follow-face of a fibrous or particulate material. This situation can re-ing two basic types ofextinguishmen t data have been obtained sult from flaming combustion at the surface or from ignition for Halon 1301:
within the mass of fuel. SmolderIns combus%n then progresses slowly through the mass. A fire of this kind is re.
(1) Flame extinguishment data, which determine the ferred to in this standard as a deep-seated fire. The burning agent concentration necessary to extinguish a flame of a par-rate of these fires can be reduced by the presence of Halon ticular fuel 1301, and they can be extinguished if a high concentration (2) Inerting data, which determine the minimum pre-can be maintained for an adequate soaking time. However, it mixed agent concentration to suppress propagation of a is not normally practical to maintain a sufficient concentra-flame front at the " flammability peak," or stoichiometric tion of Halon 1301 for a sufficient time to extinguish a deep-fuel / air composition seated fire.
Flame extinguishment data generally relate closest to the Solid Surface Fires. Almost all flammable solids begin concentration actually required in a fire extinguishing system.
burning on the surface. In many materials, such as plastics ne test recommended for these measurements is the cup without filler materials, surface combustion is the only type burner method similar to that described in Bajpai,1976, that occurs. These fires are readily extinguished with a 5 per-Booth et al.,1976, and Riley et al.,1976. Liquid fuels are ex-cent concentration of Halon 1301. Although glowing embers amined at the following two temperatures:
can remain at the surface of the fuel following extinguishment of flames, these embers will usually be completely extin-(1) Ambient: 25'C, or approximately 5'C above ASTM guished within 10 minutes,' provided the Halon 1501 concen.
OPen-cup flash point of the fuel, whichever is higher tration is maintained around the fuel for this period of time.
(2) Elevated: approximately 5'C below the boiling point of It is appropriate to consider maintaining the agent concentra-the fuel, or 200*C, whichever is lower 1997 Edition
3 i
C A04598 REV O h kh( [4 12A-38 HAL.ON 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS Table A-3-2.4(1)
IIalon 1301 at 360 psig and 40 lb/ft' rand ZI' actors
)
Y psig Z
0 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
300 0.011 292 195 98 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
290 0.051 1239 1146 1053 959 865 770 675 580 484 388 280 0.094 2149 2060 1970 1880 1790 1669 1608 1516 1425 1332 270 0.142 3017 2932 2847 2761 2675 2588 2501 2414 2326 2237 260 0.194 3843 3763 3682 3600 3518 3436 3353 3270
$186 3102 250 0.251 4626 4550 4473 4396 4318 4240 4162 4083 4003 3924 240 0.313 5363 5292 5219 5147 5074 5000 4926 4852 4777 4702 230 0.380 6055 5988 5920 5852 5784 5715 5646 5576 5505 5435 220 0 453 6700 6637 6574 6511 6447 6383 6318 6253 6188 6121 210 0.532 7297 7240 7182 7123 7064 7004 6944 6884 t'823 6762 200 0,616 7848 7795 7742 7688 7634 7579 7523 7468 7411 7355 i
190 0.707 8353 8304 8256 8206 8156 8106 8056 8004 7953 7901 180 0.805 8812 8768 8724 8679 8634 8588 8542 8495 8448 8401 170 0.908 9228 9188 9148 9107 9066 9025 8983 8941 8899 8856 160 1.016 9601 9566 9530 9493 9457 9420 9382 9344 9306 9P67 150 1.131 9936 9904 9872 9839 9807 9773 9740 9706 9671 9637 140 1.251 10233 10205 10176 10148 10118 100e9 10059 10029 9998 9967 130 1.377 10496 10471 10446 10421 10395 10369 10342 10315 10288 10261 120 1.508 10727 10705
'10683 10661 10638 10615 10592 10569 10545 10521 110 1.646 10929 10910 10891 10872
- 10852 10832 10811 10791 10770 10749 6
100 1.792 11105 11088 D11072
'11055 11038 11020 11003 10985 10966 10948 90 1.945 11256 11242 11227 11213 01198 11183 11168 11153 11137 11121 80 2.107 11385 11373 11361 11348 11336 11323 11310 11297 11283 11270 70 2.280 11494 11484 11474 11463 11453 11442 11431 11420 11408 11397 60 2.465 11586 11577 11569 11560 11551 11542 11533 11523 11514 11504 Gaseous fuels are examined at two temperatures,25'C and which this occurs is cal!ed the ' flammability peak" concentra-150"C. A 20 percent safety factor is added to experimental tion. All fuel / air mixtures containing concentrations of agent threshold concentrations. Design concentrations less than equal to or greater than the flammability-peak value are non-5 percent Halon 1301 are not used for flame exdnguishment.
flammable, hence the term " inert."The results in Table 342(a)
Measured flame extinguishment data plus safety factor that were measured using a spherical vessel described in Dalzell, are less than 5 percent should be increased to a 5 percent min-1975.
imum because the potential array of fuels likely to be involved The choice between using the flame extinguishing concen-in every real fire requires the higher concentration.
tration or the inerting concentration for a given fuel depends The cup burner test method has been shown to cotapare on (1) the volatilit characteristics of the fuel, (2) the quantity well with other test methods and with tests at larger scale. Data of fuel present, and (3) the conditions of use in the hazard.
produced by the cup burner are somewhat more conservative Applying IIalon 1301 at the flame extinguishment concentra-than those of tests using conventional total flooding tech-tion to actual fires will ef fectisely extinguish the fire without niques. (See C 1.7.)
sacrificing the reliability of the system. It is desirable to use this in inerting measurements, a fuel / air mixture is contained lower concentration when possible because of the following in a test chamber, and an ignition source is activated. If the advantages:
mixture cannot support a flame front, the mixture is consid-(1) The cost of the system will be correspondingly lower.
I cred to be nonflammable. Typical results can be plotted as j
shown in Figure A-S-4.2.1, (2) The concentration to which personnel will be (inad-Vertently) exposed will be lower.
The normal flammability range that exists when no agent is present is shown at the left-hand side of the graph. As Halon The danger in supplying this lower concentration is that, at 1301 is added to the system, the flammability range is reduced some time after extmguishment, a flammable concentration 7
l until it finally disappears entirely. The agent concentration at of fuel, air, and agent could possibly be attained through re-1
(
f 1997 Edition f
C A04598 REV O B, n. r_./[
APPENDIX A Ag 12A-39 20 arbitrary safety factor of 2 has been applied. Greater safety fac-tors can be required by individual situations.
18
/
M 5.1 Total Mooding Quantity. The volume of Halon 1801 16 re lu red to develop a given concentration will be greater than the final volume remaining in the enclosure.
In most cases, Halon 1301 must be applied in a manner that 14
~
~
promotes progressive mixing of the atmosphere. As Halon
] 12 from the enclosure through small openings or through special 1801 is injected, the displaced atmosphere is exhausted freely vents. Some Halon 1501 is therefore lost with the vented atmo.
10 sphere, and the higher the concentration, the greater the loss of halon.
8 For the purposes of this standard,it is assumed that the Ha-6 lon IS01/ air mixture lost in this manner contains the final de-sign concentration of Halon 1301. This represents the worst 160'C 200*C case from a theoretical standpoint and provides a built-in safety 120'C 4
factor to compensate for non-ideal discharge arrangements.
Table A 3-5.1 is a tabulation of the Halon 1301 weight per 25'c 2
160*C cubic foot of hazard volume required to produce the specified
$'2 kpe a*bre temperature concentration of various hazard temperature conditions.
0 The initial discharge is to be completed within the limits 0
2 4
6 8
10 12 14 16 18 20 a
specified in S-7.1.2. (Seefigures A-15.1 and A AJ.1 (Metric).J Volume percent halon A-3-5.2 Isakage of Halon IS01 through Enclosure Ilgm A.34.2.1 Typical nammability.paak concentration.
Openings. Halon 1501 discharged into an enclosure for to-tal flooding will result in an air / agent mixture that has a lease or vapodzation of additional fuel. This is more likely with higher specific gravity than the air surrounding the enclosure.
highly volatile liquid fuels, gaseous fuels, or fuels heated to Therefore, any opening in the walls of the enclosure mil allow the heavier near their flash point than it is with high flash point liquids or
/ agent mixture to flow ou,t of the enclosure, be-ing rep aced with lighter outside air flowing into the enclosure l
solid fuels. In addition, stratification of the evolved fuel va.
pors, the size and possible duration of the fire, and other ma-through the same openmg. The rate at which agent is lost terials that can become heated or involved in the fire must be through openings will depend on the height and width of the taken into account. If the volatility of the fuel can be shown to Penbg, se locadon of the o(osure aening in the wall, and cenuadon of agendn me enc W
he snfliciently' low, and the detection-plus extinguishment time is short enough to prevent the volatility of the fuel from Fresh air entering the enclosure m,il collect toward the top, reaching its flash point as a result of the fire, the use of flame f Uning an interface between the air / agent mixture and fresh extinguishment data is adequate, air. As leakage proceeds, the interface mil move toward the In addition, the extinguishing concentration can be used if bottom of the opening. The space below the, terface mil con-m the amount of fuel present in the hazard is too low to permit tam essentially the ongmal extmguishing concentration of attainment of the lower flammable limit of the fuel. The min-agent, whereas the upper space will be completely unpro-tected. The rate at which the mterface moves downward in-imum fuel quantity re9uired to achieve the lower explosive limit is as follows:
creases as concentrations of agent increase, so that simply injecting an overdose of agent initially will not provide an ex-pounds of fuel quantity (LFLM Af10)(1.37) tended period of protection.
100 ft' of enclosed volume T+ 460 A-3-6 Effects of Altitude. At elevatim '.bove sea level, Ha-lon 1801 vapor expands to a greater spedfic volume because where of the reduced atmospheric pressure. A system designed for LFL = lower flammable limit of fuelin air, % (vol) sea-level conditions will therefore develop an actual higher MIV = molecular weight of fuel concentration at elevations above sea level. For example, a sys-T = temperature ('F) tem designed to produce a 6 percent Halon 130) concentra-
)
tion at sea level would actually produce an 8.7 percent
)
For SI Units:
concentration ifinstalled at 10,000 ft (S000 m) elevation. This AUU )
concentration would be higher than recommended for nor-fuel quanitity (kg/m') =
mally occupied areas and with egress times longer than 1 K
minute. (See 32.6 and 32.7.)
In order to correct for this effect, the quantity indicated at where:
sea-level conditions should be reduced for installations at higher elevations of altitude above sea level. Correction fac-K= kelvin = 'C + 273.15 tors are given in Table A-34.
To account for possible stratification effects that might cre-For elevations substantially below sea level, the effect is the ate localized explosive po'ckets, the fuel quantity as deter-opposite of that described above. For those instances, the re-mined above should be divided by an appropriate safety factor.
ciprocal of the appropriate correction factor in Table A-34 Table A-S-4.2(a) lists quantities for several fuels, to which an should be used.
1997 Edition
r; 1
I l
l CA04598 REV O PA8E/4
. M-N HAtDN IS01 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS Table A-3-5.1 Halon 1S01 Total Flooding Quanitity
,Halon 1501 Halon 1801 Weight Requirements of Hazard Volume (W/P)[lb/ft']
I Temperature Specific Vapor (f)
Volume (s)
Halon 1501 Concentration (C) [% by Volume]
I
(*F)
[ft'/lb]
3 4
5 6
7
'8 9
10
-70 1.8468 0.0167 0.0225 0.0285 0.0545 0.0407 0.0471 0.0536 0.0602
-60 1.8986 0.0163 0.0219 0.0277 0.0336 0.0396 0.0458 0.0521 0.0585
-50 1.9502 0.0158 0.0213 0.0270 0.0327 0.0386 0.0446 0.0507 0.0570
-40 2.0016
'O.0154 0.0208 0.0265 0.0319 0.0376 0.0434 0.0494 0.0555
-30 2.0530 0.0151 0.0203 0.0256 0.0311 0.0366 0.0423 0.0482 0.0541
-20 2.1042 0.0147 0.0198 0.0250 0.0303 0.0357 0.0415 0.0470 0.0528
-10 2.1552 0.0143 0.0193 0.0244 0.0296 0.0349 0.0405 0.0459 0.0515 0
2.2062 0.0140 0.0189 0.0239 0.0289 0.0341 0.0394 0.0448 0,0504 10-2.2571 0.0137 0.0185 0.0233 0.0283 0.0334 0.0585 0.0438 0.0492 20 2.3078 0.01S4 0.0181 0.0228 0.0277 0.0326 0.0377 0.0429 0.0481 30 2.35B5 0.0131 0.0177 0.0223 0.0271 0.0319 0.0369 0.0419 0.0471 40 2.4091 0.0128 0.017,5 0.0218 0.0265 0.0312 0.0361 0.0411 0.0461 50 2.4597 0.0126 0.0169 0.0214 0.0260 0.0306 0.0354 0.0402 0.0452 60 2.5101 0.0123 0.0166 0.0210 0.0254 0.0300 0.0346 0.0394 0.0443 70 2.5605 0.0121 0.0163 0.0206 0.0249 0.0294 0.0340 0.0386 0.0454 80 2.6109 0.0118 0.0160 0.0202 0.0244 0.0288 0.0333 0.0379 0.0426 90 2.6612 0.0116 0.0156
, 0.0198 0.0240 0.0283 0.0327 0.0371 0.0417 100 2.7114 0.0114 0.0154 0.0194 0.0235
>0.0277 0.0320 0.0565 -
0.0410 110 2.7616 0.0112 0.0151 0.0190 0.0231 0.0272 0.0315 0.0558
-0.0402 f,
120 2.8118 0.0110 0.0148 0.0187 0.0227 0.0267 0.0309 0.0551 > 0.0395 ISO 2.8619 0.0108 0.0145 0.0184
~ 0.0223 0.026S
'0.0303
' O.0545 0.0388 V-140
. 2.9119 0.d106 0.0145 0.0181
, [0.0219' O.0258 0.0N8 g.p.6S(*, 0.0382 150 2.9620 0A104 0.0140. - 'O.0178 0.0215
,0.0254 0.0293, 0.,0354,;. 0.y75 g
.160 3.0120 0.0103 0.0138 0.0175 0.0212 0.0250 0.0289 0.0328 0.0369 170 3.0169 0.0101 0.0156 0.0172 0.0208 0.0246 0.0284 0.0325
' O.0363 180 3.1119 0.0099 0.0134 0.0169 0.0205 0.0242 0.0280 0.0318 ' ' O.0557 190 3.1618 0.0098 0.0132 0.0166 0.0202 0.0238 0.0275 0.0313 0.0351 200 S.2116 0.0096 0.0130 0.0164 0.0199 0.0234 0.0271 0.0308 0.0346 NOTE:
W/F[ agent weight requirements (Ib/lt')] = pounds of agent required per cubic foot of protected mlume to produce indicated concentration at temperature specified:
- ber) a [ temperature (T)) = the design temperature in the hazard area s ispecific volume (ft'/lb)1 = specific volume of superheated Halon 1501 vapor approximated by the formula:
s = 2.2062 + 0.005046:
where:
is temperature (T)
C[concentrauon (%)1 a volumetric concentration of Halon 1501 in air at the temperature indicated l
A-57.1 Rate of Application. The minimum rates established
' is required should be carried out, to obtain the proper combi.
are considered adequate for the usual surface or deep-seated nation of container releases, supply piping, and orifice sizes fire. However, where the spread of fire could be faster than that will produce this desired rate.
normal for the type of fire, or where high values or vital ma-chinery or equipment are involved, rates higher than the min-A-S7.2 Extended Application Rate. Where leakage is appre-imums can, and in many cases should, be used. Where a ciable and the design concentration must be obtained quickly hazard contains material that will produce both surface and and maintained for an extended period of time, agent quanti-deep seated fires, the rate of application should be at least the ties provided for leakage compensation can be applied at a re-minimum required for surface fires. Having selected a rate duced rate.
i suitable to the hazard, the tables and information that follow This type of application is particularly suitable for enclosed in the standard should be used, or such special engineering as rotating electric apparatus, such as generators, motors, and 1
1997 Etstion
C A045 98 REV O.
p gF /#f 12A-41
^PPENDIX A Table A-S-5.1 (Metric) Italon 1301 Total flooding Quantity IJalon 1301 IIalon 1301 Weight Requirements of Ilazard Volume (W/P) [kg/m']
j Specific Vapor Temperature (t) Volume (s)
IIalon 1301 Concentration (C)[% by Volume]
[*C]
[m'/kg) 3 4
5 6
7 8
9 10
-50 0.11946 0.2589 0.3488 0.4406 0.5343 0.6301 0.7279 0.8279 0.9301
-45 0.12230 0.2529 0.3407 0.4304 0.5219 0.6155 0.7110 0.8087 0.9085
-40 0.12513 0.2472 0.3330 0.4206 0.5101 0.6015 0.6949 0.7904 0.8879
-35 0.12797 0.2417 0.3256 0.4115 0.4988 0.5882 0.6795 0.7729 0.8683
-30 0.13080 0.2364 0.3185 0.4024 0.4880 0.5754 0.6648 0.7561 0.8495 j
-25 0.13364 0.2314 0.3118 0.3938 0.4776 0.5632 0.6507 0.7401 0.8314
-20 0.13647 0.2266 0.3053 0.3857 0.4677 0.5515 0.6372 0.7247 0.8142
-15 0.13931 0.2220 0.2991 0.SU8 0.4582 0.5403 0.6242 0.7099 0.7976 1
-10 0.14214 0.2176 0.2931 0.3703 0.4491 0.5295 0.6118 0.6958 0.7817
-5 0.14498 0.2133 0.2874 0.3630 0.4403 0.5192 0.5998 0.6822 0.7664 1
0 0.14781 0.2092 0.2819 0.3561 0.4318 0.5092 0.5883 0.6691 0.7517
)
5 0.15065 0.2053 0.2766 0.3494 0.4237 0.4996 0.5772 0.6565 0.7376 10 0.15548 0.2015 0.2715 0.3429 0.4159 0.4904 0.5666 0.6444 0.7239 15 0.15632 0.1979 0.2666 0.3367 0.4083 0.4815 0.5563 0.6327 0.7108 20 0.15915 0.1943 0.2618 0.3307 0.4011 0.4729 0.5464 0.6214 0.6981 25 0.16199 0.]909 0.2572 0.3249 0.3940 0.4647 0.5368 0.6105 0.6859 30 0.16482 0.1876 0.2528 0.3193 0.5873 0.4567 0.5276 0.6000 0.6741 35 0.16766 0.1845 0.2485 0.3139 0.3807 0.4489 0.5187 0.5899 0.6627 40 0.17049 0.1814 0.2444 0.3087 0.3744 0.4415 0.5100 0.5801 0.6517 45 0.17335 0.1784 0.2404 0.3037 0.S683 0.4343 0.5017 0.5706 0.6410 50 0.17616 0.1756 0.2365 0.2988 0.3623 0.4273 0.4936 0.5614 0.6307 55 0.17900 0.1728 0.2328 0.2940 0.3566 0.4205 0.4858 0.5525 0.6207 60 0.18183 0.1701 0.2291 0.2895 0.3510 0.4139 0.4782 0.5439 0.6111 65 0.18467 0.1675 0.2256 0.2850 0.3456 0.4076 0.4709 0.5356 0.6017 70 0.18750 0.1649 0.2222 0.2807 0.5404 0.4014 0.4638 0.5275 0.5926 75 0.19054 0.1625 0.2189 0.2765 0.3355 0.3954 0.4569 0.5196 0.5838 80 0.19317 0.1601 0.2157 0.2725 0.3304 0.5896 0.4501 0.5120 0.5752 85 0.19601 0.1578 0.2126 0.2685 0.3256 0.3840 0.4436 0.5046 0.5669 l
90 0.19884 0.1555 0.2095 0.2647 0.3210 0.3785 0.4373 0.4974 0.5588
{
95 0.20168 0.1534 0.2006 0.2610 0.3165 0.3732 0 4312 0.4904 0.5509 NOTE:
W/V[ agent weight requirements (kg/m')) = bikigrams of agent required per cubic meter of protected volume to produce mdicated concentrauon at temperature i
specified 100 - C s { temperature (*C)] = the design temperature in the hazard area f
s (specdic volume (m'/kg)1 = specific volume of superheated llalon 1501 vapor approximated by the formula-s = 0.14781 + 0 000567#
where:
i= temperature (*C)
C[concentrauon (%)] = volumetnc concentration ofilalon 1501 in air at the temperature indicated convertors, and also could be needed for total flooding pro-of ceiling tiles will prevent their movement during discharge.
tection of deep-seated fires.
For a given type of nozzle, selection of the appropriate noz.
The initial discharge should be completed within the limits zie discharge rate is critical to reducing the potential of dam-specified in 3-7.1.2.
age due to discharging agent. Careful consideration of ceiling type and construction, nonle discharge characteristics, and A-3-8.2 Of particular concern in maintaining the integrity of installation methods is necessary. Maximum flow rates should the enclosure is preventing the lifting of ceiling tiles. Clipping be based on tranufacturer's recommendations.
1997 Edition
6A04598 REV O 12A-42 lirtow Isoi rlRE FXTINGUl5HING SWTEMS p
p [fg 3.3 Table A-54 Correction Factors for Altitude 32
/
Altitude j
3'1
/
Correction Factor j
3.0 j
(ft)
(m)
(see notes)
/
3000 914 0.90 g
[ 2.8 4000 1219 0.86
,e
$ 2.7
/
5000 1524 0.83 s
6
/
6000 1829 0.80 f
.6 2
7000 2154 0.77
.6 a
g g/
8000 2438 0.74 p
d 24 gy 9000 2743 0.71 2.3 6 /
10.000 3048 0.69 f
/
11,000 3353 0.66 2.2 j
12,000 3658 0.64 g
/
13.000 3962 0.61 2.0 14.000 4267 0.59
/
1 1.9 15.000 4572 0.56 j
1.8-70 -40 0
40 60 120 160 200 l
the manufacturer's recommendations and procedures and ap-
{
Temperature (* F) (t) propriate NFPA standards and guides. Inspection criteria in-1 Figure A-S.5.1 Specific volume of superheated llalon 1301 vapor (at I clude but are not limited to the following:
)
h
- 'P ere).
(a) Detection. All detectors are to be checked for proper alarm, supenision, and trouble functions.
b)
.220
- l. Remove automatic actuation controls from agent containers. Test detection system to operate the necessary cir-e 208 cuit(s) to simulate agent release.
(
2 02
/
- 2. Operate all manual devices to simulate agent release.
b
'1 "
r
- 3. After testing, reset and reinstall all actuation controls.
1M (c) Containen, j
- . 164
/
- 1. Examine all containers for evidence of corrosion or
- .178 se mechanical damage.
5
[.172
$P p
- 2. Check container bracketing and supports to deter-r E.166 mine that their condition is satisfactory.
f.460
?
(d) PipingandNo:zles.
0
- 1. Examine piping for any evidence of corrosion.
}.154 7
- .148
- 2. Examine pipe hangers and straps to see that the pip-j k.142 ing is securely supported.
.i36
- 3. Check nozzles for proper position and alignment and
/
determine that the orifices are clear and unobstructed.
.130
/
- 4. Check nozzle seals,if applicable, for signs of deterio-
.124 /
ration and replace if necessary.
(c) AuxiltaryEquipment.
- 1. Operate all auxiliary and supplementary crmponents
- 106 such as switches. door and window releases, interconnected valves, damper releases, air handling equipment shutdown, 50
-30 10 0 20 40 60 60 100 and supplementary alarms to ensure that they are m proper Temperature (*C) (t) operating condition.
Figure A S-5.1 (Metric). Specific volume of superheated flalon 1301
- 2. Return all devices to normal
- operating
- condition af-vapor (at I atmosphere),
ter testing.
A-4-1.4 The charging or recharging of cylinders or the re-A 4-1 Some protected area conditions could require inspec-raoval or transfer of agent should be done using a closed loop tions more frequent than semiannually. A senice contract system. A closed loop system permits transfer of halon be-with an approved fire protection contractor is recommended.
tween supply cylinders, system cylinders, and recovery cylin-The inspection and test is to be conducted in accordance with ders,with only minor loss of halon to the atmosphere.
1997 Edition i
CA04598 REVO APrhDIX A p A. R f,/.//
12A-43 A-4 7 Where circumstances exist that require a discharge hexafluoride in air. If desired, calibration with lialon 1301 test, test agents sulfur hexafluoride or llalon 121 can be used.
can be done, but percent concentration values must be multi-These agents have been identified as having characteristics plied by a factor of 2.
/
similar to Ilalon 1301.The discharge test is not a substitute fof
- h. Sulfur hexafluoride is not a fire extinguishing any of the approval tests required in Section 4-7, except for the agent.
" puff" test [see 4-7.2.1(m)].
. Sulfur hexafluoride orone depletion is zero and not (a) Planningfor a Dhcharge kl.
regulated by the Montreal Protocol.
- 1. A date and time should be set wellin advance of the
- 3. When using llalon 121 the following information test to ensure that proper preparations are made, should be used for guidance:
- 2. To ensure that the testing objectives are met, an eval-
- a. Because of its lower vapor density, the enclosure uation team should be set up, including the following: the leakage rate ofIIalon 121 is slower than that for IIalon 1301.
user, the installer, and the authority havingjurisdiction.
- b. Distribution in balanced systems is similar to 11alon (b) Prepanngfor a Dhcharge ht.
1301.11ydraulically complex systems might not be suitable for
- 1. All members of the testing evaluating team should testing with this agent.
meet and make sure all items on the pretest inspection have been resolved.
- c. Common materials of construction are satisfactory for use with IIalon 121. Ilowever, the compatibility with ex-
- 2. Before conducting an actual system test, read and posed Buna-N seals should be established for the duration of perform all appropriate steps in the above predischarge storage.
checklist. (Disregard if the steps in the predischarge test have resulted in failures to pass tests.)
- d. Self contained breathing apparatus must be used if personnel enter the protected space while the agent is
- 3. The following equipment will be required for the test:
present. The threshold limit value for IIalon 121 is 1000 ppm
- a. An accurate concentration meter c'apable of pro.
by volume.
viding both direct readout and printout. Multiple recorders
- e. The test cylinders should be filled to 58 percent of can be required for large installations.
the IIalon 1801 weight to achieve the same volume percent
- b. A stopwatch.
concentration.
- c. Portable exhaust fans, if needed for post-test venti-
- f. The test meter should be calibrated with a sample lation.
of11alon 121 in air. Thermoconductivity meters used to mea-(c) TestPreparation.
sure IIalon 1501 concentrations are suitable for this purpose.
- 1. Use of IIalon 1801 as a test agent further reduces
- g. The ozone depleting potential ofItalon 121 is low availability for fire extinguishing purposes. Therefore, this (0.050 DP). It is not regulated by the Montreal Protocol of standard recommends that IIalon 1301 not be used as a test 1987.
i
- agent, n h. The suitability oflialon 121 at minimum cylinder
- 2. When using sulfur hexafluoride, the' following infor.
fill densities has not been determined.
mation should be used for guidance.
- i. IIalon 121 is not a recognized fire extiriguishing
- a. Enclosure leakage rate of sulfur hexafluoride dis-agent.
persed in air is nearly identical to lialon 1301. The vapor den-4.
Replacement 1801 should be on hand, and the re-sities of the two materials are almost the sara.
placement containers should be weighed at the site.
- b. Distribution in balanced piping systems is similar (d) Test Procedure. The following guidelines are for infor-to that expected with IIalon 1801. Tills SUBSTANCE mation purposes only and are not intended to replace or re-I MIG 11T NOT BE SUITABLE FOR TESTING InDRAUL1-strict the manufacturers' recommendations.
CALLY COMPLEX SWTEMS. Tests to determine suitability j
- 1. The protected enclosure should be prepar ed as toews-I for testing hydraulically complex systems are ongoing.
- a. The room should be in the normal operating con-
- c. Sulfur hexafluoride is compatible with lialon 1301 dition. Taping and other nonpermanent methods should not systems hardware.
be allowed.
- d. The toxicity of sulfur hexaflacride is no greater than that of flalon 1301.
- b. All openings that are to be automatically closed on system actuation should be in their normal open position
- c. The dyn mic loads exerted on the piping network (doors, fire dampers, etc.).
will be similar to that ofllalon 1301.
- c. All ceiling tiles should be installed.
- f. The test cylinder should be filled to 98 percent of
- d. All nozzle locations should be checked for obstruc-the IIalon 1501 weight to achieve the same volume percent concentrat on. Cylinders with a DOT CTC rating of 500 psig tions. All loose papers and light materials that can be moved by the discharge of halon should be removed.
(3447 kPa) [ typically used in Sf>0-psig (2482-kPa) applica-tions] will not meet DOT regulations for shipping when filled
- e. All areas where halon discharge can stir up dust or with sulfur hexafluoride.110weser, these cylinders can be debris that could damage equipment should be vacuumed filled with sulfur hexafluoride and safely used and/or stored clean to minimize potential damage.
at thejob site provided the temperature of the cylinders is not
- f. Adjacent rooms should be checked to make sure allowed to go above 100*F (37.8'C).
that halon migrating from the room will not trip adjacent ha-
- g. Test meters used for l{alon 1301 are suitable for lon systems or affect people or equipment.
use with sulfur hexafluoride. It is recommended that test ther-
- g. Prmisions should be provided for removal of the moconductivity meters be calibrated with a sample sulfur halon at the end of the testing.
1997 Edition i
I
CA04598 REVO M
hat.ON 1501 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SWTEMS D. n v-E-.4/L A f2
- h. Experience has shown that the primary cause of
- d. The system should be properly installed and per-discharge test failure is the inability to hold the specified con.
form as designed without causing unacceptable damage to
(
centration for the entire holding period. Room vacuum / pres-the protected volume.
surization techniques should'be considered for locating
- 4. Once the requirement for hold time has been com-unwanted room leakage. These techniques are highly recom-pleted, ventilation to exhaust the halon from the area should a discharge test and on a future periodic basis.
be started and maintained as necessary.
J mended for locating room leakage both immediately prior to
- 7. Operation of all auxiliary system functions, horns, j
(e) TestEvaluation. For total flooding systems, a listed or lights, local and remote alarms, magnetic releases, and so on, approved concentration meter should be used and calibrated should be confirmed.
in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The (f) FailureClassification. Discharge test failure can be clas-meters should be checked for accuracy by means of a known sified as one of the following:
sample. Concentration readings should be taken at the point of the highest combustible being protected or at a level equiv-
- 1. Pnmary failure. The failure of equipment necessary alent to 75 percent of the height of the enclosure, whichever to complete system discharge and achieve initial design con-I is greater. The sampling points should not be located less centration (i.e., hydraulic calculations, inoperative contain-1 than 12 in. (305 mm) from the ceiling unless the combusti-ers, control panel malfunction, etc.).
bles being protected extend withm the area, m which case
- 2. Secondaryfailure. The failure of ancillary equipment I
special design consideration might be necessary. If more than that does not inhibit the system from completing discharge one space or compartment is being simultaneously protected, and achieving initial design concentration (i.e., dampers, a sampling point should be located m each space in accor-door closures, bells, dry contact relays, etc.).
{
dance with the above criteria. (The minimum design concen.
- 3. Room Integrity failure. The failure of the room to l
tration for the hazard should be achieved at all sampling hold the specified concentration for the specified holding pe-points in the enclosure within 1 minute after the e'nd of the riod.
initial discharge.)
(g) Test Documentation. The results of the test should be For flammable liquids and gases, the minimum specified documented in report form for each member of the test concentration need not be maintained for an extended pe-team. This report should include, but not necessarily be lim-riod. For surface fire hazards other than flammable liquids ited to, the following:
and gases,80 percent of the minimum design concentration
- 1. A sketch of the protected area showing the location of should be maintained for a period of 10 minutes after the ini-sampling points,in plan and elevation.
tial discharge or as required by the authority havingjurisdic-tion. liazards invohing deepseated combustibles require
- 2. Copies of clearly identified analyzer chart' records showing halon concentration. This should also include ana-maintenance of the design concentrations fdr longer periods of time (see 34.2.2). Where an inerting concenuation is re-lyzer calibration results, and the tapes should be signed by the quired, a more stringent, test could bemecessary. Refer to S-authority havingjurisdiction; 2.6 to determme that concentrauons do not exceed the safety
- 3. A signoff by each meNiber of the test team., o limits specified therein. A 110+olt, 60-cycle power source Op PlacingSystem Back in Service. Place the.. system back in should be available for operating a recordable-type analyzer.
service. (Refer to the maniifacturer's recommendauons.)
l The power to the analyzer should remain on when the fire ex-
- 1. Verify that all detectors and manual pull stations have tinguisher system is activated.
been reset.
- 1. Italon analyzers should be field calibrated and ad.
- 2. Refurbish or replace agent storage containers with justed, in accordance with the analyzer manufacturer's in.
the proper amount of agent. Containers should be weighed to structions, prior to each use.
verify the required amount of agent.
- 2. If the system is linked to an alarm circuit providing lo-
- 3. Verify that the system control unit is in a normal oper-cal and remote fire call, the appropriate party should be noti-atmg condmon free of all fault indication. Normally this is tied and advised prior to and at the completion of the test.
done before arming each agent storage container release mechanism.
- 3. Actuate the system for discharge.
- 4. Secure the system control unit and lock where appli-
- 4. Concentration will be reported for the time period
- cable, that the authority having jurisdiction has determined to be
- 5. Verify that the end user has been properly instructed appropriate for that particular occupancy.
in the use and operation of this system.
CAUTION: There should be no smoking in or around
- 6. Clean the area of any debris that might have resulted the test area during and after the discharge.
during the system installation.
- 5. The following items should be complied with to des.
- 7. Verify that an emergency telephone number has been ignate the system as acceptable:
left with the end user.
- a. Liquid discharge should be in accordance with A-4-7.2.2 See Appendix B.
3-7.1.2.
- b. The system should achieve the specified concentra-tion in the protected volume within 1 minute after the end of Appendix B Enclosure Integrity Procedure the initial discharge.
- c. The specificd concentration should be maintained This appendix is not a part of the requirements of this hTPA doc-for the specified holding period.
ument but us includedfor infonnationalpurposes only.
1997 Edition
CA04598 REVO PA6E /d momx,
B-1 Procedure Fundamentals.
(b) Attached %lumes. There can be no significant at-tached volumes within or adjoining the enclosure envelope B-I*l Scope *
)
that will allow detrimental halon leakage that would not be B-1.1.1 This procedure outlines a method to equate enclo.
measured by the door fan. Such an attached volume would be sure leakage as determined by a door fan test procedure to significant ifit is absent of any leakage except into the design worst case halon leakage. The calculation method provided envelope and is large enough to adversely affect the design makes it possible to predict the time it will take for a descend.
concentrauon.
ing interface to fall to a given height or, for the continually (c) Return Path. All significant leaks must have an unre-mixed cases, the time for the concentration to fall to a given stricted return path to the door fan.
percentage concentrauon.
(d) leak Location. The difficulty in determining the spe-B-1.1.2 Enclosure integrity testing is not intended to verify cific leak location on the enclosure envelope boundaries using other aspects oflialon 1501 system reliability, that is, hardware the door fan is accounted for by assuming halon leakage oc-operability, agent mixing, hydraulic calculations, and piping curs through leaks at the wont location. This is when one-half integrity.
of the total equivalent leakage area is assumed to be at the maximum enclosure height and the other halfis at the lowest B-1.1.3 This procedure is limited to door fan technology.
point in the enclosure. In cases where the below false ceiling This is not intended to preclude alternative technology such leakage area (BCIA) is measured using B-2.6.2, the value at-as acousuc sensors.
tained for BCIA is assumed to exist entirely at the lowest point in the enclosure, B-1.1.4 'Ihis procedure should not be considered to be an exact model of a discharge test. The complexity of this proce-(e) Technicalfudgment. Enclosures with large overhead dure should not obscure the fact that most failures to hold leaks but no significant leaks in the floor slab and walls will concentration are due to the leaks in the lowersurfaces of the yield unrealistically short retention time predictions. Experi-enclosure, but the door fan does not differentiate between up-ence has shown that enclosures of this type can be capable of per and lower leaks. The door fan provides a worst stse leak-retaming halon for prolonged periods. liowever, in such cases age estimate that is very useful for enclosures with complex the authority havingjurisdiction can waive the quantitative re-hidden leaks, but it will generally require more scaling than is sults in favor of a detailed witnessed leak inspection of all necessary to pass a discharge test.
floors and walls with a door fan and smoke pencil.
~
B.1.2 Limitations and Assun ptions.
B-1.2.3 Retention Calculations. The following should be B-1.2.1 I{alon System Enclosure. The following should be considered regarding the retentiori calculations and the asso-ciated theory:
/
considered regarding the halon system and the enclosure:
(a) Halon System Design. This test procedure only con-(a) Dynansic Discharge Pmsume losses due to the dy-cerns halon total flooding fire suppression systems using namic discharge pressures restilung fmm halon system actua-lialon 1501 and designed, installed, and maintained in accor-tion are not specifically addre,ssed.
dance with this standard.
(b) StaticPressure., Variable external static pressure differ-(b) Enclosure Constmetion. 11alon 1301-protected enclo-ences (wind, etc.) are additive and should be considered.
sures, absent of any containing barriers above the false ceil-(c) TemperatureDifferences. When temperature differences ing, are not within the scope of this document.
exceeding 18'F (10*C) exist between the enclosure under test (c) Halon Concentration. Special consideration should be and the other side of the door fan, special considerations out-lined in this document should be considered.
given to 11alon 1301 systems with concentrations greater than 10 percent where the concern exists that high concentrations (d) FloorArra. The floor area is assumed to be the volume could result in significant overpressures from the discharge divided by the maximum height of the protected enclosure.
event in an enclosure with minimalleakage.
(e) Descending Interface. The enclosure integrity proce-(d) Enclosure Height. Special consideration should be dure assumes a sharp interface. When belon is discharged, a gisen to high enclosures where the s:atic pressure due to the uniform mixture occurs. As leakage takes place, air enters the l{alon 1501 column is higher than the pressure possible to at-roo:n. This procedure assumes that the incoming air rides on tain by means of the door fan.
top of the remaining mixture. In reality, the interface usually (c) Static Pressures. Where at all possible, static pressure spreads because of diffusion and convection. These effects are differentials (11 TAC system, elevator connections, etc.) across not modeled because of their complexity. Where a wide inter-the enclosure envelope should be minimized during the door face is present, the descending interface is assumed to be the fan test. The test can only be relied upon for enclosures hav-midpoint of a wide interface zone. Because of the conserva-ing a range of static pressures outlined in B-2.5.2.3.
tism built into the procedure, the effects of interface spread-in;r can te ignored. If continual mechanical mixing occurs, a B-1.2.2 Door Fan Measurements. The following should L" descending interface might not be formed (see B-2.7.l.6).
considered regarding the door fan and its associated measure-and does not take into account stream functions.
(a) Door Fan Standardo Guidance regarding fan pressur-ization apparatus design, maintenance, and operation is pro-(E) E'ak flow Directwn. A particular leak area does not vided by ASTM E 779, Standard Test AfechodforDetermining Air have bidirectional flow at any point m ume. Flow through a leak area is enher into or out of the enclosure.
leakaEr Rate by Fan Pressurharion, and CAN/CGSB.149.10-M, Determination of the Airtightness of Building Envelopes by the fan (h) Isak Discharge. The outflow from the leak discharges Depressunsation Afethod, into an infinitely large space.
1997 Editon
f C404598 REV O PAGE g 12A-46 itrinN isoi rmt ErnNGU15mNG SYSmts 1
(i) Leak locations. Calculations are based on worst-case give a alue used in calculating the flow into or out of the en-I halon leak locations.
closure envelope.
- 0) IIalun Delivery. The calculations assume that the de-IIalon Protected Enclosure. The volume protected by the sign concentration of halon will be achieved. If a suspended IIalon 1301 system.
/
ceiling exists, it is assumed that the halon discharge will not result m displacement of the ceihng ules. Increased confi-ILiaximum IIalon Protected lleight. The design height of dence can be obtamed if ceiling tiles are chpped witlun 4 feet the halon column from the floor stab. This does not include of the nozzles and all perimeter tiles.
the height of unprotected ceihng spaces.
B-1.3 Definitions. For the purpose of Appendix B, the fol-Minimum slalon Protected IIcight. The mmimum accept-i lowmg definitions apply.
able height from the floor slab to which the descending inter-face is allowed to fall during the retention time as specified by Attached Volumes. A space within or adjoining the enclo-the authority hasingjurisdiction.
sure envelope that is not protected by halon and cannot be Return Path. The path outside the enclosure envelope provided with a clearly defined return path.
that allows air to travel to/from the leak to/from the door fan.
Blower. The component of the door fan used to move air.
Return i'ath Area. The effective flow area that the air be-Ceiling Slab. The boundary of the enclosure emelope at ing moved by the door fan must travel through to complete a the highest elevation.
return path back to the leak.
Column Pressure. The th'coretical maximum positive pre
- Room Pressure Gauge. The component of the door fan sure created at the floor slab by the column of the halon/ air used to measure the pressure differential across the enclosure
- mixture, envelope.
Descending Interface. The enclosure integrity procedure Static Pressure Differer.ce. The pressure differential across assumes a sharp interface. When halon is discharged, a uni-the enclosure envelopc not caused by the discharge process or form mixture occurs. As leakage takes place, air enters the by the weight of the llalon 1301. A positive static pressure dif-room. This procedure assumes that the incoming air rides on ference indicates that the pressure inside the enclosure is top of the remaining mixture. In reality, the interface usually greater than on the outside, that is, smoke would leave the en-spreads because of diffusion and convection. These effects are closure at the enclosure boundary.
not modeled because of their complexity. Where a wide inter-face is present, the descending interface is assumed to be the B-2 Test Procedure.
midpoint of a wide interface zone. Because of the conserva-tism built into the procedure, the effects of interface spread-B-2.1 Preliminary Preparations. Contact the individual (s) re-f,l ing can be ignored. If continual mechanical mixing occurs, a sponsible for the IIalon IS01-protected enclosure and establish,
( ;
desceriding interface might nbt be formed. (See B-2.7.J.6.)
obtain, and provide the following preliminary information.
Door Fan. The device used [o pressube"or ilepredurize (a) Provide a description of the test an enclosure envelope to deterrpine its leakage chancteris-(b) Advise the time required tics. Also called the fan pressmization apparatus.
(c) Determine the staff needed (to control traffic flow, set Effective Hoor Area. The volume divided by the maxi-HVAC, e'tc.)
mum halon-protected height.
(d) Determine the equipment required (e.g., ladders)
Effective Flow Area. The area that results in the same flow (e) Obtain a description of the HVAC system area as the existing system of flow areas when it is subjected t the same pressure difference over the total system of flow (f) Establish the existence of a false ceiling space and the sin oMil h
paths.
Enclosure. The volume bem.g tested by the door fan.
(g) Visually determine the readiness of the room with re-This mcludes the halon-protected enclosure and any at-spect to the completion of obvious sealing tached volumes.
(h) Determine if conflict with other building trades will Enclosure Envelope. The floor, walls, ceiling, or roof that together constitute the enclosure.
(i) Determine the size of doorways Equivalent Irakage Area (EIA). The total combined area Q) Determine the existence of adequate return path area of allleaks, cracks, joints, and porous surfcces that act as leak, outside the enclosure envelope used to accept or supply the door fan air age paths through the enclosure envelope. This is represented as the theoretical area of a sharpedged orifice that would exist (k) Evaluate other conflicting activities in and around if the flow into or out of the entire enclosure at a given prep space (e.g., interruption to the facility being tested) sure were to pass solely through it. For the purposes of this (1) Obtain appropriate architectural IIVAC and halon sys-document, the EIA is calculated at the column pressure.
tem design documents
, Fan Pressurization Apparatus. The device used to pressur.
are or depressurize an enclosure envelope to determme its B-2.2 Equipment Required. The following equipment is re-leakage charactenst cs. Also called the door fan.
d m m Me s@ pMW WMg Door Slab. The boundary of the enclosure envelope at B-2.2.1 Door Fan System, the lowest elevation.
B-2.2.1.1 The door fan (s) should have a total airflow capac-Flow Pressure Gauge. The component of the door fan ity capable of producing a pressure difference at least equal to used to measure the pressure difference across the blower to the predicted column pressme or 10 Pa, whichever is greater.
1997 Edihon
C A04598 REV O APPEND!% B B A f! r #
12A-47 g r1 v s.
g-B-2.2.1.2 The fan should have a variabic speed control or a B-2.2.3.2 The field calibration check should be done in a control damper in series with the fan, separate enclosure. Seal off any ifVAC registers and grilles if B-2.2.1.3 The fan should be calibrated in airflow units or be present. Install the door fan per manufacturer's instructions connected to an airflow metering system.
and 42.4. Determme af a static pressure exuts usmg R2.5.2.
Check openings across the enclosure envelope for airflow with B-2.2.1.4 The accuracy of airflow measurement should be chemical smoke. If any appreciable flow or pressure exists, 25 percent of the measured flow rate.
choose another room or eliminate ti e source.
B-2.2.1.5 The room pressure gauge should be capable of B-2.2.3.3 Install a piece of rigid material less than K in. thick-measuring pressure differences from 0 Pa to at least 50 Pa. It ness (free of any penetradons) in an unused blower port or should have an accuracy ofil Pa and divisions of 2 Pa or less.
ther convenient enclosure opening large enough to accept an Inclined oil-filled manometers are considered to be traceable 8Pproximately 0.01 m'sharpedged round or square opening.
to a primary standard and need not be calibrated. All other
&2.2.3.4 Ensure that the door fan flow measurement system pressure-measurement apparatus (e.g., electronic transducer is turned to properly measure pressurization or depressuriza-or magnehelic) should be calibrated at least yearly.
tion and operate the blower to achieve a convenient pressure B-2.2.1.6 Door fan systems should be checked for calibration erendal, preferaW M Pa.
every 5 years under controlled conditions, and a ceruficate B-2.2.3.5 At the pressure achieved, measure the flow and cal-should be available for inspection at all integrity tests. The cal.
ibrate an initial EIA value using &2.6.3. Repeat the ELA mea-ibration should be performed according to manufacturer's surement under positive pressure and average the two results.
5Pecifications.
B-2.2.3.6 Create a sharp-edged round or square opening in The certificate should include the following:
the rigid material. The area of this opening should be at least 33 Percent of the initial EIA measured. Typical opening sizes (a) Description of calibration facility and responsible tech-nician are approximately 0.05 m',0.1 m', and 0.2 m', depending on (b) Date of calibration and serial number of door fan the initial leakage of the enclosure. Adjust the blower to the previously used positive or negative pressure differential. Mea-(c) Room pressure gauge error estimates at 8 Pa,10 Pa, sure the flows and calculate an average EIA value using B-2.6.3.
12 Pa,15 Pa,20 Pa, and 40 Pa measured by both ascending B-2.2.3.7 Field calibration is acceptable if the difference be-and descending pressures (minimum) tween the first and second EIA value is within $15 percent of (d) Fan calibration at a minimum of three leakage areas the hole area cut in the rigid material. If the difference in EIA (approximate): 0.5 m',0.25 m', and 0.05 m' measured at a values is greater than 215 percent, the door fan apparatus pressure of 10 Pa should be recalibrated according to the manufacturer's recom-B-2.2.1.7 A second blower or muldple blowers with flex duct mendations and either ASTM E 779 or CAN/ CGS &l49.10-M.
and panel to flow to above ceiling spaces is optional.
&2.3 Initial Enclosure Evaluation.
B-2.2.2 Accessories. The following equipment is also useful:
B-2.3.1 Inspection.
(a) Smoke pencil, fully charged (see Caution)
B-2.3.1.1 Note the areas outside the enclosure envelope that CAUTION: Use of chemically generated smoke as a will be used to supply or accept the door fan air.
means of leak detection could result in activation of B-2.3.1.2 Inspect all openable doors, hatches, and movable building or halon system smoke detectors. Appropriate Partitions for their ability to remain shut during the test.
precautions should be taken. Due to corrosive nature of B-2.3.1.3 Obtain or generate a sketch of the floor plan show-the smoke, it should be used sparingly.
ing walls, doorways, and the rooms connected to the test (b) Bright light source space. Number or name each doorway.
(c) Floor tile lifter
&2.3.1.4 Look for large attached volumes open to the test (d) Measuring tape space via the floor or walls of the test space. Note volumes and apparent open connecting areas.
(e) Masking or duct tape B-2.3.1.5 Check floor drains and sink drains for traps with 1
(f) Test forms liquid.
(g) Multi-tip screwdrivers B-2.3.2 Measurement of Enclosure.
(h) Shop knife or utility knife B-2.3.2.1 Measure the halon-protected enclosure volume.
(i) Several sheets of thin plastic and cardboard Record all dimensions. Deduct the volume oflarge solid ob-(j) Door stops jects to obtain the net volume.
(L) Signs to post on doors that say "Do NOT SliUT -
B-2.3.2.2 Measure the highest point in the halon-protected DOOR FAN TEST IN PROGRESS" or "DO NOT OPEN -
enclosure.
DOOR FAN TEST IN PROGRESS" B-2.3.2.3 Calculate the effective floor area by dividing the (1) Thermometer net halon-protected volume by the maximum halon-protected B-2.2.3 Field Calibration Check.
encl sure height.
B-2.2.3.1 This procedure enables the authority havingjuris-
.3.3 Preparation.
diction to obtain an indication of the door fan and system cal-B.2.3.3.1 Advise supenisory personnel in the area about the ibration accuracy upon request.
details of the test.
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i CA04598 REV O 12A-48 ilAtDN IS01 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS PAGE $
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{
l B-2.3.3.2 Remove papers and objects likely to be affected by B-2.5.1.3 Inspect doors and hatches to ensure correct clo-1 1
the air currents from the discharge of ths door fan.
sure. Record problems and notify individuals responsible for
)
B-2.3.3.3 Secure all doorways and openings as for a halon the enclomre of the problems.
{
. discharge. Post personnel to ensure they stay shut /open.
B-2.5.1.4 Inspect the wall perimeter (above and below the' Open doorways inside the halon-protected enclosure even false floor) and the floor slab for major leaks. Note location though they may be closed upon discharge, and size of major leaks. Track down major airflow currents.
B-2.3.3.4 Get the user's personnel and/or the halon contrac.
B-2.5.2 Static Pressure Measurement.
tor to set up the room in the same state as when a discharge B-2.5.2.1 Seal the blower oPenin8 with the door fan Properly would occur, that is, llVAC shut down, dampers closed, and so forth. Confirm that all dampen and closable openings are in installed but without the blower operating. Observe the room the discharge mode position.
preuure gauge f r at least 30 seconds. look for minor fluctu.
ations in pressure.
B-2.4 Door Fan Installation.
B-2.5.2.2 Under pre-halon discharge condiu.ons, measure B.2.4.1 The door fan apparatus generally consists of a single the worst-case (greatest) pressure differential (P,) across a door fan. A double or multiple door fan for lasger spaces or section of envelope containing the largest quantity ofleaks ex-for neutralizing leakage through a suspended ceiling can be pected to leak halon. If the subfloor is pressurized at dis-used for certain applications.
charge, measure the differential between the subfloor and B-2.4.2 Set up one blower um,t in the most convenient door-outside the envelope. Call this value P (for static at halon dis-charge). Determine the flow direction with smoke or other in-way leading into the space. Choose the doorway that opens dicating method.
into the largest return path area. Consideration should be given to indhiduals requiring access into or out of the facility.
B 2.5.2.3 If the static pressure (P,) has an absolute value B 2.4.3 Follow the manufacturer's instructions regarding greater than 25 percent of the column pressure calculated in setup' B-2.6.1.3 it must be permanently reduced. Large stauc pres-sures decrease the level of certainty inherent in this proce-B-2.4.4 Before door fan installation, examine the sealing dure. The most common causes of excessive static pressure are around tlw door that the fan will be mounted in to determine leaky dampers and ducts and failure to shut down air-handling if significant leakage exists. If significant leaks are found they equipment serving the enclosure, should be corrected. If the manufacturer's tated door fan sealing system leakage is less than the apparent remaining B-2.5.2.4 Record the position of all doorways, whether open leakage of the doorway, the difference must be added to the or shut, when the static pressure (Pm) was measured.
leakage calculated in B-2.6 (see B-2.63.5). N, :w m,.6 B-2.6 Doot Fan Measurement.
B-2.4.5 Ensure that all pressure gatiges are leveled and re-4 roed prior to connecting them to the fag appgrptus.,,This B-2.6.1 'Ibtal Enclosure Leakage Method.
should be done by first gently blowing into or drawing from B.2.6.1.1 This method determines the equhalent leakage the tubes leading to the pressdre gauges so the needle fluid or readout moves through its entire span and stays at the maxi-area of the entire enclosure envelope. It is determined by mea-mum gauge reading for 10 seconds. Tius confirms proper suring the enclosure leakage under both positive and negative gauge operauon. If using a magneheh,c gauge, gently tap the pressures and averaging the readings.This approach is used in order to minimhe the influence of static pressures on the EIA gauge face for 10 seconds. With both ports of each gauge on calculation.
the same side of the doorway (using tubes if necessary), zero the gauges with their particular adjusting method.
B-2.6.1.2 B-2.4.0 Connect the tubing for the room pressure gauge. En-(a) Block open all doorways around the enclosure and sure that the tube is at the floor slab elevation and extends at post personnel to ensure that they stay open.
least 10 feet away from the outlet side of the door fan blower
- away f, rom its air stream path and away from all significant air (b) Ensure that adequate return path area is provided to streams (i.e., IIVAC airflows or openings where airflow could allow an unrestricted return airflow path back to the door fan g
g,g impmge on the tube).
(c) Remove 1 percent of the floor tiles (for false floors) if B-2.4.7 The door fan should be arranged to ahernately blow an equivalent area is not already open.
out of (depressurize) and blow into the space (pressurize).
Both measurements should be taken as described in B-2.6.
(d) If halon is designed to discharge above the false ceil-B-2.5 Door Fan Enclosure Evaluation.
(c) Remeasure the static pressure (P ) at the time of the y
B-2.5.1 Pressure Runup Inspection.
door fan test, between the room (not below the false floor) j B-2.5.1.1 Activate the blower and adjust the enclosure pres-and the return path space.
sure to negative 15 Pa or maximum negative achievable (up to (f) Make every effort to reduce the static pressure (P ) by u
-15 Pa),
shutting down air-handling equipment even though it can op-crate during discharge.
B-2.5.1.2 Inspec t all dampers with smoke to ensure that they are closing properly. Record problems and notify individuals (g) Record P. rand determine its direction using smoke or 3
f responsible for the enclosure of the problems, other means.
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C A04598 REV 0
.// 7 APPENDIX B DACC 12A-49
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(h) Record the position of each doorway, open/ shut.
is not simply reversed. Ensure that the airflow entering the
" IS " ' deflected upwards, which can cause lifting of any (i) If the static pressure fluctuates due to wind, use a wind damping system incorporat ng four averaging tubes on each existing ceilm.g ules.
i side of the building to eliminate its effects. The CAN/CGSB-B-2.6.1.9 Measure the air temperature within the enclosure j
149.10-M standard can be used.
(T,) and outside the enclosure (T ).
o (j) If a subfloor pressurization air handler cannot be shut B-2.6.2 Suspended Ceiling Leakage Neutralization Method down for the test and leaks exist in the subfloor, these leaks (Optional).
might not be acntrately measured. Every attempt should be made to reduce subfloor leaks to insignificance. During the B.2.6.2.1 When an unobstructed suspended ceiling exists, test as many floor tiles as possible should be lifted to reduce the leakage area below the ceiling can optionally be measured the amount of subfloor pressurization. Note that under such by neutralizing ceiling leaks. This method can proside a more conditions the Suspended Ceiling leakage Neutralization accurate estimate of halon leakage rates. This method should Method will be difficult to conduct due to massive air turbu-not be used if the walls between rooms within the zone are lence in the room.
scaled at the ceiling stab. This method cannot be used when CAUTION: The removal of raised floor tiles creates a the halon system is designed to protect above this suspended sert- "~y hazard. Appropriate precautions should be ceiling. This test method does not imply that leakage above the suspended ceiling is acceptable. This technique can be dif&
taken.
cult or impossible to perform under the following conditions:
B-2.6.1.3 Calculate the column pressure in the halon-(a) Air movement within the room can make it difficult to protected enclosure using the following equation:
observe neutralization, particularly in small rooms.
P, = g H, (r,- r.)
(1)
(b) Obstructions above the suspended ceiling, that is, beams, duct, and partitions, ca'n make it difficult to obtain i
g umform neutralization.
P' = pressure due to the halon column (Pa) g = acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/sec,)
(c) Limited clearance above the suspended ceiling, for ex-ample,less than 1 foot, can make it difficult to obtain neutral-H, = height of protected enclosure (m) ization.
r" - halon/ air mixture density (kg/m'; see equation 9)
B-2.6.2.2 If not already done, obtain the equivalent leakage r, = air dens,ty (1.202 kg/m,)
i area of the halon-protected enclosure using the total enclo-If the calculated column pressure is less than 10 Pa, use 10 Pa sure leakage method in B-2.6.1.
)
as the column pressure.
B-2.6.2.3 Ceiling level supply registers and return grilles can B-2.6.1.4 Depressurize the enclosure with a door fan be temporarily scaled off to increase the accuracy of this blower (s) until the measured pressure differential reading on method. If scaled, P,rshould be remeasured.
the gauge (P.) goes through a total pressure reduction (dP,)
equal to the column pressure (P,). As an example,if the static NOTE: Temporary sealing of such openings is not permitted pressure (P,r) measured in B-2.6.1.2 was -1 Pa and the calcu-when conducting a Total Enclosure 12akage Test.
lated column pressure is 10 Pa, blow air out of the room until a P,of-11 Pa is obtained,if the static pressure (P ) was +1 Pa B-2.6.2.4 Install two separate door fans or a multiple-blower sr and the calculated column pressure is 10 Pa, blow air out of door fan with one blower ducted to the above suspended ceil-the room until a P, of-9 Pa is obtained. If using magnehelic ing space and the other into the room space below the sus-gauges, tap both the room pressure and flow pressure gauges pended ceiling. It is not necessary to measure airflow through for 10 seconds each. Wait a further 30 seconds before taking the upper fan.
the readings.
B.2.6.2.5 Depressurize above and below the suspended ceil-B-2.6.1.5 Measure the airflow (Q,,) required to obtain the ing by adjusting two separate blowers until the required pres-pressure reduction (dP.) required. It is important to ensure sure reduction and suspended ceiling leak neutralization (i.e.,
that manufacturer instructions are followed to ensure that air-no airflow through the suspended ceiling) is achieved.
flow is accurately measured with respect to direction of flow.
Leaks are neutralized when at opened locations in the sus-B.2.6.1.6 The pressure reduction generated dP,could be up pended ceiling smoke does not move up or down when emit-to 30 percent greater, but now lower in absolute value than the ted within % in. of the openings. If neutralization is not c trulated column pressure.
Possible at all locations, ensure that either smoke does not move or moves down (but not up). Choose undisturbed loca.
B-2.6.1.7 Repeat &2.6.1.4 through B-2.6.1.6 while pressuriz-tions away from flex duct flows, airstreams, and lighting fix-ing the enclosure. As an example,if the static pressure (P )
tures because local air velocities make neutralization difficult sr measured in R2.6.1.2 was -1 Pa and the calculated column to detect.
pressure is 10 Pa, blow air into the room until +9 Pa is ob-tained. If the static pressure was +1 Pa and the calculated col-B-2.6.2.6 Measure the airflow (Q,,) through the fan that is umn pressure is 10 Pa. blow air into the room until +11 Pa is depressurizing the volume below the false ceiling to obtain the obtained.
pressure reduction (dP.) required.
B.2.6.1.8 Ensure that the door fan flow measurement system B.2.6.2.7 The pressure reduction generated in the volume is actually turned around between tests to properly measure below the iaise ceiling can be up to 30 percent grcater, but not pressurization or depressurization and that the motor rotation lower in absolute value than the calculated column pressure.
1997 Edition
t A04598 REV 0 12A-50 HAtow not nnt Exr NGtH5HING SYSTEMS b&CE- -
g nw B-2.6.2.8 Repeat B-2.6.2.5 through B-2.6.2.7 while pressuriz-where:
- ing the enclosure except either smoke does not move or A ' = area ofleaks (m')
moves up but not down.
,gg g
,j B.2.6.2.9 An alternate method for measuring the below ceiling P = rneasured pressure from door fan gauge (Pa) leaks consists of temporarily sealing identifiable ceiling level leaks usmg a flexible membrane, such as polyethylene sheet P,7 = static pressure at time of door fan test (Pa) and tape, and then measuring the below. ceiling leakage solely The final value for A is determined by averaging the areas using door fans drawing from the lower part of the room. No obtained under both a positive and a negative pressure, flex duct is, needed. Examples of scalable leaks are undam-B-2.6.3.6 Equation 3 should be used for both the total enclo-pered ceiling level supply registers or return grills or an entire suspended ceihng lower surface.
sure leakage method (B-2.6.1) and the optional suspended ceiling leakage neutralization method (B-2.6.2). For B-2.6.1, B-2.6.5 Equivalent leakage Area Calculation.
the area ofleaks (A) equals the equivalent leakage area (EIA).
B-2.6.3.1 Paragraph B-2.6.5 outlines the door fan calculation For B-2.6.2, the area ofleaks (A) equals the below ceiling leak-age area (BCIA).
to be used in conjunction with B-2.6.1 and B-2.6.2.
B-2.7 Retention Calculation.
B-2.6.3.2 The leakage area is generally derived per CAN/CGSB-149.10-M. The CGSB document calculates area at M.7.1 Calculation.
10 Pa only, whereas this procedure calculates area at a mini-mum of 10 Pa but allows for calculauon at the halon column B-2.7.1.1 TotalLeakage Area. Calculate the totalleaka8e area IA ) using the equivalent leakagearea (EIA) determm.ed from pressure, which could be greater than 10 Pa.
T the door fan measurements as p-B-2.6.3. This calculation B-2.6.'.3 The airflow should be corrected for temperature if should be based on a d? : Sarge cufficient of 0.61 that is used S
the difference between the temperature of the air being blown with the door fan apparatus. The following equations apply:
through the door fan and the temperature of the air going into or out of the leaks during the door fan test exceeds 10*C EIA =
(4)
(18*F). If this condition exists, correct the flows as follows:
2
' k' " O (T + 273f8 where:
t (2)
$Tr+ 273).
A = leakage area (depressurization) g A, = leakage area (pressurization) y Q, = corrected flow (m /sec)
Ar - R61 (EIA)
(5) t 8
where: b af Q, =1 uncorrected flow (m'/sec)
.r EIA = equivalentleakage area l(k')A =ptillea T = temperature'bf aifgoin(thiough room leaks (*C)'
i r
t T, = temperature of air going through door fan (*C)
NOTE:
B-2.7.1.2 Imer Isakage Area. -If the leakage area is mea-When depressurtzing, sured using only B-2.6.1. Total Enclosure leakage Method, then equation 6 should be used to calculate the lower leakage 7 = To area (A ). If the below ceiling leakage area (BCIA) is mea-t u
T,= T, sured using B-2.6.2, Suspended Ceiling Neutralization Method, j
then equation 7 applies instead.These equations are as follows:
1 When pressun,zm, g, 4
T = T, Au,
(s) t T,= Te B.2.6.5.4 For equation 2, corrections for barometric pressure
= 0.61 (BCIA)
(7) are not necessary since they cancel out, and corrections for hu-where:
midity are too small to be of concern. No other corrections ap-Au = lower leakage area (m')
ply. If equation 2 is not used, then the following applies:
BCIA = below ceiling leakage area (m')
l O'" O' B-2.7.1.3 leak Fraction. Determine the lower leak fraction B-2.6.3.5 After measurements are taken from pressurizing (F,) using the following equation:
and depressurizing the enclosure, the leakage area in each di-rection should be calcuiated, and the results should be aver-
.3 aged. Each leakage area is calculated assuming the density of F, = A r (8) i l
air is 1.202 kg/m and the discharge coefficient for a hole in a whem flat plate (door fan) is 0.61. The equation is as follows:
F, = lower leak fraction IfI is > 0.5, make F, = 0.5 A=
(3) t P
M" i srM the lialon 1301/ air mixture (r,) using the following equation:
B-2.7.1.4 Halon Mixture Density. Calculate the density of 1997 Edition
r CA04598 REV O APPENDIX B 18 12A-51 h a e. r r M v i. m e
B-2.7.2 Acceptance Criteria. The time (t) that was calcu-r, = 6.283g + ('r'100 - c 100 (9) lated in B-2.7.1.7 must equal or exceed the holding time pe.
riod specified by the authority havingjurisdiction per 4,7.2.2.
where:
/
B-2.7.5 Sample Calculation.
/
r, = halon/ air mixture density (kg/m')
B-2.7.3.1 General. This section provides an example ofleak-
. ri = air dasity (1,202 kg/m')
age area calculations and retention calculations. Door fan c = Halon 1241 concentration (%)
measurements using the total enclosure leakage method (B-2.6.1) and the optional suspended ceiling leakage neutral-B-2.7.1.5 Static Pressure. Determine the correct value for ization method (B-2.6.2) are both considered.
(Pw) to be used in equation 12;if the (P,) recorded is nega-tive, let it equal zero (0); if it is positive, use the recorded B-2.7.3.2 Enclosure and System Data. The following data re-value.
garding the enclosure and the halon system are provided:
B 2.7.1.6 Minimum Height. Determine from the authority (a) Initialllalon 1801 concentration (c): 6.0%
havingjurisdiction the minimum height from the floor slab (b) Volume of halon-protected enclosure (V): 153.2 m' (H) that is not to be affected by the descending interface dur-(c) Height of halon-protected enclosure (H,): 2.7 m ing the holding period.
If continuous mecha tical mixing occurs during the reten-(d) Calculation static pressure measurement (P ):-2.0 Pa m
tion time such that a descending interface does not form and (pu S212.2; smokefleis into rwm) the halon concentration is con tant throughout the protected (e) Door fan static pressure measurement (P ): -1.0 Pa rr enclosure, calculate an assumed value for H based on the ini-(per 32.6.1.2; smokeflows into room) tial and final specified concentrations using the following (f) Temperature inside (T,) enclosure: 18*C equauon:
+
(g) Temperature outside (T ) enclosure: 20*C o
H=b, (10)
(h) Minimum acceptable halon height (H): 2 m (per H
c B-2. 7.1.6).
where:
B-2.7.3.3 Preliminary Calculations.
. H = assumed value for Hfor mixing calculation B 2.7.3.3.1 Calculate the effective floor area (per&2.3.2.3) as e = actual Halon 1301 concentration (%)
follows:
G.= final halon concentration per authority havingjurisdic-tion requirement 153.2
, ~F = 56.7 m' H, = maximum halon protected height Example: H, = 4 m, initial concentration - 7%, final = 5%,
B-2.7.3.3.2 Calculate the column pressure in the halon-H= % x 4 m = 2.86 m. Ensure that mixing is not created by protected enclosure (P,) using equation 1 (per &2.6.1.3).
ductwork that leaks excessively to zones outside the enclosure.
Equation I requires that the halon/ air mixture density (r.) be known. Thus, the halon/ air mixture density (r ) is first calcu.
B-2.7.1.7 Time. Calculate the minimum time (t) that the en-lated using equation 9 (fc S2. 7.1.f) as follows:
closure is expected to main'.am the descending interface above (H), using the following equations:
203 )0 + 1.202(100- 6) 6 0) 1I 100 C, =
g( r,- r.)
(11) 2
,,,,.,( FA
= 0.377 + 1.130 (1-E.
3
},$Q7 (g/m A
e P, = (9.81)(2.7)(1.507 - 1.202)
(1)
C = 2P, (12) 7-g,3 p, P,< 10 Pa; therefore P, = 10 Pa per B-2.6.1.3.
t = 2A4rJCsH,+ C. - JCsH + C,)
(13) 3 2.7.3.3.3 Determine the target depressurization pressure s ange (per &2.6.1.4 and &2.6.1.6) for taking door fan measure-where:
ments as follows:
i = time (sec) dep. target = 10 --11 Pa C = constant for equation simplification 3
pressure range --I - (10 x 1.3) --14 Pa C, = constant for equation simplification B-2.7.3.3.4 Determine the target pressurization pressure range A, = room floor area (m')
(fc E2.6.1.7) for taking door fan measurements as follows:
g = acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/sec')
pressure target --I + 10 = +9 Pa Pw = static pressure during halon discharge (Pa)
H, = height of ceiling (m)
Pressure range --I + (10 x 1.3) = +12 Pa H = height ofinterface from floor (m)
B-2.7.3.4 Total Enclosure trakage Method.
1997 Editen
C A04598 REV O 12A-52 halos ison rrRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS P A R F /20 B-2.7.3.4.1 leakage Area Calculation.
A" " 0.0646 = 0.0323 m' (6)
(a) Depressurize the enclosure into the (11 Pa to 14 Pa 2
range with the door fan. M'easure the airflow required and pres-sure created (per B-2.6.1.4, #2.6.1.5, and &2.6.1.6) as follows:
(c) Calculate the leak fraction (F,) using equation 8 (per
&2. 7.1.3) as follows:
Q, = 0.2046 m'/acc (depressurizing to -12 Pa)
(b) Pressurize the enclosure into the 49 Pa to +12 Pa range y, ((0.0323)0.0646) = 0.5 (8) with the door fan. Measure the airflow required and pressure created (per&2.6.1.7) as follows:
(d) Calculate the constants for equation simplification (C Q, = 0.3480 m'/sec (pressurizing to +10 Pa) and C.) using equations 11 and 12 (per &2.7.1.7). Since tid (c) Correct the door fan airflow for the temperature dif-value for (P,y) is negative, it is set equal to zero (per &2. 7.1.5).
ference between the inside and outside enclosure tempera-The calculations are as follows:
tures (per #2.6.3.3). This correction is not necessary if the temperature difference is less than 10'C (18'F) and is not Cs = (2)(9.81)(1.507-1.202)0.5 ' = 2.2 (11) needed for these sample calculations; however, it is included herein for demonstrative purposes. Using equation 2, this 1.507 + 1.202,1 - 0.5, correction is as follows:
For depressurization, C. =
=0 (12)
Q, = 0.2046 *18 + 273) = 0.2053 m*/sec (2a)
(e) Calculate the minimum time (t) that the enclosure is expected to maintam the descendmg mterface using equa.
tion 13 (per &2.7.1.7) as follows:
For pressurization, J(2.2090)(2.7) + 0 - J(2.2090)(2) + 0 (IS)
I Q, = 0.3480
= 0.3468 m'/sec (2b)
(2.2090)(0.5)(0.0646) 0.3403)
^(0.0713)
(d) Calculate the leakage area (A) from the door fan mea.
surements (per &2.6.3.3). Using equation 3, the calculations
= 540 sec - 9 min are as follows:
B-2.7.3.5 Suspended ceiling leakage Neutralization Method For depressurization, v
(Optional).
3, (1.271)(0.2053)
(Sa)
B-2.7.3.5.1 Ieakage Area Calculation.' ~
l
-12:
-1 (a) Determine the equivalent ledkage area (EL4) for the M~M total enclosure as described previously in B-2.7.3.4.1. The re-sult is as follows:
(1.271)(0.2053)
= 0.1059 m g_g EIA = 0.1059 m' For pressurization.
(b) Depressurize the enclosure below the ceiling with the door fan into the -11 Pa to -14 Pa range. Measure the airflow required and the pressure created (per&2.6.2.5, &2.6.2.6, and 3, (1.271)(0.3468)
(Sb)
- 2.6.2.7) as follows:
10
-l gp Q, = 0.0512 m'/sec (depressurizing to -12 Pa)
(1.271)(0.3468) s (c) Pressurize the enclosure below the ceiling with the
= 0'1059 m l,/ji> + }l door fan into the +9 Pa to +1? Pa range. Measure the airflow required and the pressure created (per &2.6.2.8) as follows:
The average is as follows:
Q, = 0.0871 m'/sec (pressurizing to +10 Pa)
[
0.1059 (d) Correct the door fan airflow for the temperature dif-A
ference between the inside and outside enclosure tempera-EL4 - A = 0.1059 m tures (fer 82.6.3.3). This correction is not necessary if the t
temperature difference is less than 10*C (18'F) and is not B-2.7.3.4.2 Retention Calculation reeded for these sample calculations; however, it is included (a) Calculate the total leakage area (A ) using equation 5 herein for demonstrative purposes. Using equation 2, this r
correction is as follows:
(per R2.7.1.1) as follows:
Ar = (0.61)(0.1059 = 0.0646 m'(5)
For depressurization, (b) Calculate the lower leak' area (A ) using equation 6 Q, = 0.0512
{
= 0.0514 m'/sec (2a) u (fyr #2. 7.1,2) as follows:
1997 Edmon
C A04598 REV O PAGE TM APPWDDt B 12A-53 For pressurization 56@J(3.6502)(2.7) + 0 - J(3.6502)(2) + 0 s=
18 + 273.es (3.6502)(0.2492)(0.0646) j Q, = 0.0871 20 + 2'/3 868 mVsec W
=
m s llS 4 0.0588 (e) Calculate the leakage area (A) from the door fan mea-(IS) surements (per B.2.6.3.5). Using equation 3, the calculations
= 840 sec = 14 min are as follows:
B-2.7.3.6 Sample Calculation Results. The minimum time for depressurizadon, (t) that the enclosure is expected to maintain the descending interface above height (H) is 9 minutes using the Total Enclo-A=
(Sa) sure leakage Method and 14 minutes using the optional Sus-
-12
-1 pended Ceiling Leakage Neutralization Method. Both of
["El ~ M these, predictions are conservative, and the actual time is ex-pected to be greater than these values. Because the optional (1.271)(0.0514) s
= 0.0265 m Suspended Ceiling Leakage Neutralization Method is more l.fi2-1l accurate, its results are closer to what will actually occur.
For pressurization, B-2.8 Leakage Control.
(1.271)(0.0868)
(Sb)
~
"E' 10
-1 B-2.8.1.1 While the enclosute envelope is being pressur-
'M ~ p ized or depressurized, a smoke pencil or other smoke source should be used to locate and identify leaks. The smoke a
(1.271)(0.0868) s s urce u nt e pmduced by an open flame or any
= 0.0265 m 4 jj other source that is a potennal source of fire sgmuon. Cheme cal smoke should be used only in small quantities, and consid-l The average is as follows:
eration should be given to the corrosive nature of certain
{
chemical smokes and their effects on the facility being tested.
2 A = 0.0265 + 0.0265 = 0.0265 m:
B-2.8.1.2 Leakage identification should focus on obvious 2
points of leakage including wall joints, penetrations of all kinds, IWAC ductwork, doors, and windows.
e BCLA = A = 0.0265 m B-2.7.3.5.2 Retention Calculation.
B-2.8.1.3 Ahernate methods fot leakage identification are available and should be considered. One method is the use of (a) Calculate the total leakage area (A ) using equation 5 a directional acoustic sensor that can be selectively aimed at r
(per B-2. 7.1.1) as follows:
different sound sources. liighly sensitive acoustic sensors are available that can detect air as it flows through an opening.
Ar= (0 61)(0.1059) = 0.0646 m' (5)
Openings can be effectively detected by placing an acoustic n the other side of the barrier and searching for s urce (b) Calculate the lower leakaEe area ( A ) using equation 7 u
(per A 17.1.2)as follows:
acoustic transmission mdependent of fan pressurization or de-pressurization. Another ahernative is to use an infrared scan-Au = (0.61)(0.0265) = 0.0161 m' (7)
"i"E device if temperature differences across the boundary are sufficient.
(c) Calculate the leak fraction (F ) using equation 8 (per B 2.7.1.3) as follows:
ik2.8.2 Leakage Alteration.
u B.2.8.2.1 Procedure.
F = (0.0161)
(0.0646) = 0.2492 (8)
Ik2.8.2.1.1 Protected areas should be enclosed with wall par-titions that extend from the floor slab to ceiling slab or floor slab to roof.
(d) Calculate the constants for equation simplification (C, and C.) using equations 11 and 12 (per B2.7.1.7). Since the ik2.8.2.1.2 If a raised floor continues out of the halon-value for (P,,) is negative, it is set equal to zero (per B-2.7.1.3),
protected area into adjoining rooms, partitions should be in-3 The calculations are as follows:
stalled under the floor directly under above-floor border par-(2)(9.81)(1.507 - 1.202) titions. These partitions should be caulked top and bottom. If (11) the adjoining rooms share the same under-floor air handlers.
1.507 + 1.20a then the partitions should have dampers installed in the same
',1 -0.2492_
manner as required for ductwork.
B-2.8.2.1.3 Any holes, cracks, or penetrations leading into or C. = g'(0)7=0 (12) out of the protected area should be sealed. This includes pipe 2
chases and wire troughs. All walls should be caulked around (e) Calculate the minimum time (t) that the enclosure is the inside perimeter of the room where the walls rest on the expected to maintain the descending interface using equa-floor slab and where the walls intersect with the ceiling slab or tion 13 (per F-2. 7.1.7) as follows:
roof above.
1997 Edition
CA04598 REV O 12A-54 HRON IS01 FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS p
/Q,,,,,,.
B-2.8.2.1.4 Porous block walls should be sealed stab-to-slab Appendix C Referenced Fublications to prevent gas from passing through the block. Multiple coats of paint could be required.
G1 The following documents or portions thereof are refer.
B-2.8.2.1.5 All doors should have door sweeps or drop seals enced within this standard for informational purposes only on the bottoms, weather stripping around thejambs, latching and are tims not considered part of the requirements of this mechanisms, and door-closer hardware. In addition, double standard unless also listed in Chapter 5. The edition indicated
)
doors should have a weather-stripped astragal to prevent leak-here for each reference is the current edition as of the date of age between doors and a coordinator to assure proper se-the NFPA issuance of this standard.
'{
quence of closure.
Gl.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa-B-2.8.2.1.6 Windows should have solid weather stripping tion,1 Batteryrnarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-around alljoints.
9101.
B-2.8.2.1.7 All unused and out-of-service ductwork leading NFPA 10, Standardfor Portable Fire Extinguishers,1994 edi-t into or from a protected area should be permanently sealed off tion.
(air tight) with metal plates caulked and screwed in place. Duct-NFPA 68, Guidefor Penting ofDefagrations, l'J94 edition.
work still in service with the building air-handling unit should have butterfly-blade-type dampers installed with neoprene NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems,1997 edi-g' seals. Dampers should be spring-loaded or motor. operated to provide 100 percent air shutoff. Alterations to air conditioning, NFPA 77, Recommendai Practice on Static Electricity,1993 edi-heating, ventilating ductwork, and related equipment should tion.
be in accordance with NFPA 90A, Standardfor the Installation of NFPA 90A, Standardfor the Installation ofAir Conditioning and Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems, or NFPA 90B, Standard Ventilating Systems,1996 edition.
for the Installation of Warm Airlleating and Air Conditioning Sys-tnns, as applicable.
NFPA 90B, Standardfor the Installation of Warm Air lleating and Air Conditioning Systems,1996 edition.
1 B-2.8.2.1.8 All floor drains should have traps, and the traps Gl.2 ASME Publications. American Society of Mecham. cal should be designed to have water or other compatible liquid in them at all times.
Engineers,345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
"E B 2.8.2.2 Materials.
ASME/ ANSI B31.1, Pouer Piping,1996.
B-2.8.2.2.1 All materials used in ahering leaks on enclosure envelope boundanes, mcluding walls, floors, part'itions, fin-ASME/ ANSI B31.9, Building Services Piping,1991.
ish, acoustical treatment, raised floors, suspended ceilings, Gl.3 ASTMPublications. American Society forTesting and and other construction should 1,aye a flameSpread, rating Materials,100 Barr liarbor Drive, West Con'shohocken,' PA i
that is compatible with the flame-spread re;quirements of the 19428-2959/, '"
'2 WO enclosure.
ASTM A 53, Standard Speapcationsfor Pipe; Steel, Blad: an'd B-2.8.2.2.2 Exposed cellular plastics should not be used for flot@ipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded Seamless,1996.
altering leakage unless considered acceptable by the authority ASTM A 106, Speafcationsfor Seamless Carbon Steel Pipefor havmgjurisdicuon.
Iligh 7emperaturrService,1995.
B-2.8.2.2.3 Cable openings or other penetrations into the ASTM A 120, Speafcationsfor Seamless Carbon Steel Pipefor enclosure envelope should be firestopped with material that is fligh Temperature Service,1988.
compatible with the fire rating of the barrier.
ASTM B 88, SpeafcationsforSeamless Copper Water Tube,1996.
B-2.9 Test Report.
ASTM E 380, Standard Practicefor Use of the International Sys-B-2.9.1 Upon completion of a door fan test, a written test re-8'S */ Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System),1993.
port should be prepared for the authority havingjurisdiction ASTM E 779, Standard 7est MethodforDetermining Air Leakage and made part of the permanent record. The test report Rate by Fan Pressurization,1987, should include the following:
Gl.4 CSAPublications. Canadian Standards Association, (a) Date, time, and location of test 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada M9W 1R3.
(b) Names of witnesses to the test CANS-Z234.1, Canadian Metric Practice Guide,1979.
(c) Room dimensions and volume CAN/CGSB149.10-M, Determination of the Airrightness of (d) All data generated dming test, including computer BuildingEnvelopes by the ran Depressurization Method,1986.
printouts
. (c) Descriptions of any special tecimiques utilized by test Gl.5 MilitarySpecifications. Naval Publications and Forms techm,cian (i.e., use of optional celhng neutralizauon and Center,5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19120.
. temporary sealing of suspended ceiling)
M11 M-12218, Monobromornfueromethane (Liguefed) Techni-(f) In case of technicaljudgment, a full explanation and calGradeFire Extinguisher,1981.
documentation of thejudgment Cl.6 Toxicology References.
(g) Test equipment make, model, and serial number Clark, D. G.,1970, 'The toxicity of bromotrifluoromethane (h) Copy of current calibration certificate of test equipment (FE 1301) in animals and man," Ind.11yg. Res. Lab. Imperial (i) Name and affiliation of testing technician, and signature Chemical Industries, Alderley Park, Cheshire, England.
1997 Edition
)
I
CA04598 REV 0 P A6E /U 12A-55 INDu The Iline Laboratories, Inc.,1968, " Clinical toxicologic studies on Freon FE 1301, Report No.1, San Francisco, CA C 1,7 Hame Extinguishment and Inerting References.
(unpublished),
Bajpal, S. N., July 1976, " Extinction of Diffusion names by Halons," FMRC Serial No. 22545, Report No. 76-T-59.
Paulet, G.,1962,
- Etude toxicologique et physiopath- /
ologique du mono-bromo-trifluoromethane (CFSBr)," Arch.
Booth, K., B. J. Melia, and R. Ilirst, June 24,1976, "A Afal Prof Afed. 7 Fan Secur. Soc. 23:341-348. (Chem. Abstr Method for Critical Concentration Measurements for the Flame Extinguishment oflj uid Surface and Gaseous Diffu-60:73&).
q sion Flames Using a Laboratory ' Cup Burner' Apparatus and Stewart, Richard D., Paul E. Newton, Anthony Wu, Carl L.
Halons 1211 and 1301 as Extinguishants."
Hake, and Neil D. Krivanek,1978, " Human Exposure to Ha-ion 1801," Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee (unpub-Dalzell, W, G., October 7,1975, *A Determination of the lished).
Flammability Envelope of Four Ternary Fuel-Air-Halon 1301 Systems," Fenwal Inc., Report DSR-624.
Trochimowicz, H.J., A. Azar,J. B. Terrill, and LS. Mullin.
1974, Blood Levels of Fluorocarbon Related to Cardiac Sen-Riley,J. E, and K. R. Olson, July 1,1976, " Determination of sitization," Part II, Am. Ind. Ryg. Assoc.J. 35:632-639.
Halon 1301/1211 Threshold Extinguishment Concentrations using the Cup Burner Method," Ansul Report Al 530-A.
Trochimowicz, H.J., et al.,1978, "Fhe effect of myocardial infarction on the cardiac sensitization potential of certain ha.
C 1.8 Other Refektoces.
locarbons."J Occup. Afed. 18(1):20 30.
United Nations Emironment Programme. Montreal Proto-Van Stee. E. W., and K. C. Back,1969, "Short-term inhala-col on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer - Final Act tion exposure to bromotrifluoromethane," Tox. & Appl 1987, UNEP/RONA, Room DC2-0803, United Nations, New Pharm.15:164-174.
York, NY, 20017.
Index C 1997 National Fire Protection /.ssociation The copyright in this index is separate and distinct from the copyright in the document which it indexes. The licensing provisions set forth for the document are not applicable to the index. This index may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the express w sion of the NationalFire Protection Association,Inc.
.A-DP seated fires...
3-4.2.0 Abort switches
.2-3.5.3, A-2 3.5.3 Definitions
. 1 3.1, B-1.3 Actuation systems-
_ 2-3, A-4-1(b)
Descendinginterface.
B-1.3 Alarm eystems.. 3, A-2-3.5.3 Design, system Chap. 3, A-3 Altitude adjustments.
3-6, A 54 Flow calculations..
Application rate-3-7.1, A-3 7.2
. 3-2, A 3-2, Tables A-S2.4(a) to (1)
Approved (definition).
.1-3.1, A 13.1 Plans and approvals..
51, S t.2 Attached volumes (definition) -
- B-1.3
$perifications
. 3-1, S t.1 Authority havingjurisdiction (definition) 1-3.1, A 1-3.1 Design concentaation requirements
.. F4, A-F4.1 Deep. seated fires -
54.2.2 Fires in solid materials,
Flame extinguishment --
_ S4.2. A-3-4.2
-B-3-4.1.2. A.S4.1.2 Blower (definition)._
- B-1.5 Inerting-3-4.1.1 Solid surface fires 3-4.2.1 A-S4.2.1
-C-Detection systems..
. 2-3, A-2-3.2.], A-4-1(a)
Discharge Ceiling slab (definition).
_ B-1.3 Accidental 2-3.6, A-2-3.6 Cellulose nitrate 1-4.2(a)
Nozzles..
.. see Nozzles Clearance (definition) -
1-3.1 Test..
Column pressure (definition)-
. B-1.3 A 4-7 Time Components, system Chap. 2 3-7.1.2,5-7.2, A-3-7.2 Detection, actuation, alarm, and control systems.... 2-3, A-2-3.2.1, Distribution systems..
2-2, 3-7 Door f ans A-2-3.3.7 Distribution.-
2 2, A-2 2.1 Definition..
41.3 see also Pipes and piping systems Enclosure evaluation-
- E2.5 Supply --
2-1, A-21.2, A-21.4.1 Field calibration check--
B-2.2.3 Containers -
2-1,3 to 2-1.4,4-1.4, Installation -
h2.4 4-2, A-4-1.4, A+1(c)
Measurement.
42.6 Control systems -
2-3, A.2-3.6 Enclosure integrity acceptance..
- 41.2.2 Equivalent leakage area calculation B.2.6.3 Suspended ceiling leakage neutralization method 42.6.2
-D-Total enclosure leakage method,
&2.6.1 Decommissioning and removal of systems.
1-5.3, A-1-5.3 Testing 42.2.1 Decomposition products,llalon 1301
_. A-1-5.1 Duration of protection.
_ l-4.6 1997 Edition
C A04598 REV O nuon ison nar. EXVINGUISmNG SMEMS PAGE /M ltA-56
-E.
Inspection _.
__4-1. A-4-1 EKective floor area (definition)-
B.I.S Enclosures 4-4. B 2.3.1 Effective flow area (definition)
B-1.3 Pressure runup B-2.5.1
/_, Electric control equipenent. -
2-3.4.1 lastallation approvals
+7, A-4-7 Electrical acceptance 4-7.2.3 Electrical clearances a
1-5.2 Enclosure envelope.
_..B 2-6.1.1
,.}-
Definition B-1.3 Joints, pipe 2-2.2 Enclosures
-. _ - 14.4 to 14.5. SS, A-1-4.4 to A-145, A-SS.I.2 A-3-5.2. A-H.2 Definition B-1.3
.I, Door fan measurements B 1.2.2 leak fraction B-2.7.1.3 Inspection.
44 Integrity acceptance
.4-7.2.2, App. B lankage Halon 1301, through enclosum openings A-3-5.2 Isakage area -
w also Equivalent leakage area (EIA)
Retention calculauons _
B 1.2.3 Calculation.
. B-2.6.S, B-2.7.5.4.1, B-2.7.3.5.1 Equivalentleakage area (EIA)
W 14,'712 M
",I" "," ~~
IJmitadons, system 1h2 Retention calculation, totalleakagIarea...
~
B-2.7.1l1 Listed (definition) 13.1 A-1-3.1
~
Total enclosure leakage method-
. B-2.6.1, B-2.7.3.4
.M-
.F-Maintenance 4-5 Fan pressurisation apparatus (definition)
B-1.3 Manualcontrols 2-3.3.7, A-2-3.3.7 1-3.1 Maxiramn halon protected height (definition)
B-1.3 Filling density (definidon).
i n,,,
Measurement, units of 1-3.2, A-13.2.2 Deepocated 3-4.2.2 Metals 1-4.2(c)
Marumable gas
.A-S4.1 Minknum halon protected height (definidon).-
B-1.3 Flammable liquid
.A-34.1 Mammable solid materials 34.2, A-54.2 Surface 34.2.1, A-S4.2.1
-N-Matmas.
2-2.3,3-2.4, A-2-2.5, A-3-2.4 Natural or - '-
iHalon 1501
, A-1-5.1 Hame ex4 '
t.
341.2, A-M.I.2, Gl.7 Nitrogen m._
, stonage containers A-2-1.41 Manunable gas fires
.A S4.1 Normallyocampied/ --
- / areas Mammable liquid fins
. ~
A-S4.1 Definition 1-3.1, A-1-3.1 Hammable soud materials fires
.54.2, A-S4.2 Halon 1501 concentrations in-52.6 to 3-2.7, A-5-2.6 to A-3-2.7 Moor slab (definidon)
B-1,5 Nossles 2-2.5,2-2.5.3. 3-2.4 S.8, How calculations
. '. 2
' B.I.S S-2, A-S2 W
A-2-2.5.5, A-3-2.4, A-S8.2. A4-1(d) mw pressure gauge (definiden)
-O.
O Operating alarms and indicators -
2-3.5,2 3.5.S, A-2-3.5.5 Gunpowder 14.2(a)
Operadag devices 2-3.3, A-2-3.3.7
-H-
.P-Halogenated extinguishing agents
.A-1 1 Penonnel, hazards to,
. 1-5.1, A-I-5.1 Halon 1501 Concentrations Pipes and piping systems 2-2.1, A-2.1.1. A-2 2.1, A+1(d)
Mttings -
2-2.3, S2.4. A-2-2.3. A-3-2.4 i
in normally occupied areas S2.6, A-52.6 joints 2-2.2 la normally unoccupied areas
$2.7, A-S2.7 Mechanical acceptance.
47.2.1 Decomposition, products of A 1-5.1 Minimum requirements Tables A-2-2.1.5(a) and(b)
Extinguishing mechanism
.A-1-1 Pneumaticcontrolequipment -
2-3.4.2 Fire extinguishment characteristics
.A-1-1 Preengineered systems _-
12 Mixture density.
B-2.7.1.4 Pressure runupInspection B-2.5.1 Natural or undecomposed
.A-I-5.1 Purpose of standard
_l2 Physical properties
~~A-1 1 Supply 2-1 Quality 2-1.2, A-2-1.2 j
Quantities
... 2-1.1, S-5, A.S.5.1 to A SS.1 Halon nomenclature system
-....A-1-1 Quantity determination 1
Halon protected enclosure (definition) _
B-1.3 Supply 1.1 j
Hazards, penannel.
15.1, A 1-5.1 Total flooding systems.
- 55. A-55.1 to A-3-5.2
. Henry's Law constant A-2-1.41 j
Hose test 4-3
.R.
l Reactive materials-1-4.2(b) l
-I-Referenced publications Chap. 5. App. C l
Indicators mOperating alarens and indicators Reinoval of speems 1-5.3 Inerting S41.1, Gl.7 Retention calculation.
B-1.2.3, R2.7 1997 Edeon
i CA04598 REV0
=x PAGE ILf 12A-57 Return path area (definidon)
B-1.3
.T-Retu.n path (definition)_
B-1.3 Te.g..
41 Rcom pressure gauge (definition) a
.. B-1.3 Containers --
p
_ 4-2
/
Discharge
_ _ A.4-7 Hose
... 4-3
.S.
Installation approval 4-7 Safety requirements 1-5, A-1-5.1.2 Total enclosureleakage method B-2.6.1, B-2.7.3.4 tow 14 ma ~
. &2.7.1.1 Scope of standard.. _
1 1. A-1 1 s
Shall(definition)-
1-3.1 y
Should (definition)..
~..~. 1-3.1 Stade electricity 1-4.3, A 14.3
.U-Static pressure difference Undecomposed Halon 1301 -
.. A-15.1 Definition B-1.3 Unwanted system operadon 2-3.6, A-2 3.6 Measurement
. B-2.5.2, B-2.7.1.5 Uses, system 1-4,14.1 Storage containen seeContainers Suspended ceiling leakage neutralisation method.~ B-2.6.2, B-2.7.3.5 System components --
see Components, system 4,-
)
System design
- see Design, system Valves
_.2-2.1.5,2 2.(. A-2-2.1.5 6
1997 Edit on
t CA04598 Rev.0 Page 126 ATTACHMENT H
/
BGE DRAWING 60714SH0004
s C A0+'977 Rev. O bay /21 kaa, & ruckw
&s-1