ML20149D332
| ML20149D332 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Crystal River  |
| Issue date: | 12/10/1987 |
| From: | Wittman R FLORIDA POWER CORP. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20149D313 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8802090456 | |
| Download: ML20149D332 (99) | |
Text
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MEIER'S mim RR Mr VI!RIFICIEIQi, ND EN!IGNCY WERATDC HanrvrY1RES Florida Power Cbrporaticn Crystal River Unit 3 l
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- nev 1 Date la /to /s9 l
M /hl G+1 Nuc1 qperations St$erintendent I
hhh ADOCd h2 i P l
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Table of Contents Section Bb99
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1.0 Introducticn 1 1.1 Purpose 1.2 Scope -1 1.3 'Ibctnical Bases 1 l 1.4 Review Process 1 l i
2.0 Prrmhire Types and Interrelations 2 2.1 Atrini,rmi Operatiry PWires 2 2.2 Verificaticn PrMires 2 2.3 Esau p cf Operating Pr M ires 2 3.0 Prrw-arhtre Format S 3.1 Organization 5 3.1.1 Organizatial of APs and EPs S 3.1.2 Organizaticn of VPs 6 3.2 Cbver Pcge Format 6 3.2.1 Prmarktra Abbreviatim 6 3.2.2 Revisicn Ntaser 6 3.2.3 Revisicn Date 8 3.2.4 Prmarktre M=har 8 3.2.4.1 Series and Wierice Mahars for APs 8
- 3.2.4.2 Series and Sequence NLabers for EPs 9 3.2.4.3 Series and M iarice M ahars i for VPs 9 3.2.5 Page Nus& viry 9 3.2.6 Prmarktru Title 9 3.2.7 Review and Approval Signatures 10 3.2.8 Entry Ccniiticos 10 3.3 Instructicn Page Ebrmat 11 3.3.1 Page Identification Infccmaticn 11 3.3.2 Two Colunn Format 11 3.3.3 14aadh1 gs 13 i
h ED99 3.3.3.1 Sectial lhviings 13 3.3.3.2 Coltasi ihviings 14 l
3.3.4 Step Nhmharing 14 !
3.3.5 Placekeeping Aids 16 l 3.3.6 Printed Operator Aids 17 l l
3.3.6.1 Formatting Figures 18 3.3.6.2 ' Formatting Tables 19 3.4 Writing Individual Actial Steps 20 3.4.1 Sequencing 20 3.4.1.1 Thiate Operator Actions 20 3.4.1.2 Follow-up Actions 20 3.4.1.3 Verification Acticais 21 3.4.2 Isvel of Detail 21 3.4.3 General Guidance 22 3.4.4 Types of Acticut Steps 24 3.4.4.1 Verificatial Steps 24 3.4.4.2 No m 6 Steps 25 3.4.4.3 Concurrent Steps 28 3.4.4.4 Equally Acceptable Steps 29 3.4.4.5 Diagnostic and Conditional .
Steps 29 3.4.5 Iogic Statements 29 3.4.5.1 Use of If, IF NCrr, Mg2f, and 222f 29 3.4.5.2 Use of M 31 3.4.5.3 Use of 2 32 3.4.5.4 Use of E and @ 7bgether 33 3.4.6 Cauticas and Notes 34 3.4.6.1 Presentiry Cautions 34 3.4.6.2 Presenting Notes 35 3.4.7 Cross-Referencing 36 l
3.4.7.1 Cross-Referencing Rules of Thunb 36 3.4.7.2 Formattisq Cross-References 37 11
Secticri EM20 3.5 Facing Page Format 39 3.6 Enclosures 41 3.7 Word Prmaing Requirements 43 3.7.1 Type 43 3.7.2 Margins 43 3.7.3 Line Spacing 43 4.0 Elements of Style 46 4.1 Vmahilag 46 4.2 Flow of Informatico 47 4.3 7N2reviaticms and Actu1yms 47
'4. 4 Synbols 49 4.5 Punctuation and Grap=at- 49 4.6 Capitalization 52 4.7 Units of Mmmire, Numerals, and Tolerances 52 4.8 Euphasis 1%chniques 53 4.8.1 Underlining 53 4.8.2 R111 Capitalization 53 4.8.3 Bold Print 54 4.8.4 Framiry 54 Enclosure 1: Cci-Lained Ianguage List /Index 55 Enclosure 2: Words and 1%rms to Avoid 61 Enclosure 3: Accepted Acralyms and Abbrerviaticms 63 Enclosure 4: G-3 linnan Factors Prrvwnnie Evaluaticn Checklist 71 Enclosure 5: Validation arri Verificatico Plan 88
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Tiat of Fimwas Fiaure Bagg
- 1. Control Board 3
- 2. Interrelationship of Prtywhim 4
- 3. Cover Page 7
- 4. Instructics Page 12
- 5. Examiple of a Check-off Sheet for Recurrent Steps 27
- 6. Facirq Page 40
- 7. Calculating fran Enclosures 42
- 8. Page Margins 44 e
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1.0 INIRXIITICN 1.1 Purcose The purpose of this hunarit is to provido adadnistrative ard technical guidance cn the preparation of almormal, verificatico, and emergency operating procedures for Florida Power Cbrporation's Crystal River Unit 3 (CR-3) . It is intended that use of this guide will result in prMires that can be easily read, can be read rapidly without interrupticm, can be precisely understood, can be understood without the aid of additional material, can be learned and retained easily, and are acx:epted and trusted by the users.
1.2 Scoce The Writer's miria shall be used t.o write all CR-3 ahl, verificatico, ard energency operating ps. ---tives.
1.3 Tedinical R====
This h==1t was prepared cm the basis of the following references:
NUREG-0899 - Guidelines for the Preparation of Entiupcy Operating Prr mrhtves NURED/CR-4613 - Evaluation of Nuclear Power Plant Operatirg Procedures Classificaticos and Interfaces: Problems and 7bchniques for Inprovement INIO 82-017 - Esaupcy Operating PrMim Writing Otidaline BNP-20004 - Alzvmani Transient Operating G14dalines NUREG-0799 - Draft Criteria for Preparatics of Emergency Operating PImartires NUREG/CR-1977 - Giidelines for Preparing Emergency Prrmehires for Nuclear Pcwor Plants 1.4 Review W Refer to AI-400, Plant Operating Quality Assurance Manual, Ccotrol rw,wnt, for review requh - its.
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2.0 Ppnrstving TYPES AIO INIB5tEUEICH3
' There are three types of e - tims that acaprise CR-3's set of emergency operating enJres. These are abnormal operating prmachires (APs),
verificaticn r sdures (VPs), and emergency operating g Mims (EPs) . During akriormal plant conditions, operators use these p ----tires and act Wiately (1) to limit the transient, (2) to verify expected plant conditions, and (3) to place the plant in a safe, steady condition.
2.1 Akr m mal nr=ratim Procedures ,
i APs shall be written for off-normal plant ccriditions that are not a-iated )
with %=daticris of a critical safety functica). APs shall be arranged in a nctahrv* to m +-4 to the layout of the oczitrol boarti in a left-to-right relaticruhip (see Figure 1). Thus, there will be a high h i + 4i..cc between arriunciator respcrise ph manbering and the mmbering of APs.
2.2 Verification Prmartn1ts VPs nust be written for ccricurrent use with APs and EPs. The VPs are used by an operaticms staff member, imally the Operaticris TWtnical Advisor (OIA), to verify that the plant is in a safe cx:riditicm by directing him to a==aan the following critical safety functicxis:
o Reactivity Ocritrol o Thermal Ocritrol o Radioactive Inventory ocritrol o Equipnant Availability If plant a:riditicris are outside of acceptable limits, the VPs shall refer to the w e iate AP or EP.
2.3 F: -cv hratim PrMnits l
EPs rhall be written to guide operator actions when dynamic plant conditions include a (m.p.cded safety functicn. Use of the EPs is intended to place the plant in a safe ccruiition under the giMance of an Operating PrMire (OP) or an AP (see Figure 2).
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AP-700 P Q R A' P o
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T I U A-1000 q
T4 W -n
. O a O-M U l
C CD
- AP-800 o
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Figure 1: Comrol Board 3
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tME MEHLY OPERATIONS
-m AS NO R. M A t.
j o psitATioNs, SAF F.T Y Functio N Q E.6 R.AD AT10 f4 ,
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L t4o R.M A L
' Q P E. It. AT i o N S f
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Figure 2: Interrelationship of Proch 4
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..,,-e-.- - - . --_ - - - - -_ __- _,_.-_--r. -, . , , - _ , , , , - , - ,--_y--, .- --w..w.--
3.0 190GIIJRE PG892
'Ihe fonnat of a s> etire significantly affects its usability. Usability is particularly inportant for energency operating s *itrus which are likely to j be used under time u .Laints and in stressful conditicms. During a potential energency event, control roan personnel should not have to cope with poorly I organized, ccsplicated, or ir y d.ansible prmartires in additicn to ocpiry with plant cmditions. To ensure that G-3's APs, EPs, and VPs aid, rather ,
than interfere with, decision making and task performance, these s' *iims nust be cmsistently formatted in the manner riau ibed below.
l 3.1 Oraanization Operators nust be able to locate informatico easily within G-3's EPs, APs, and VPs. 'Iherefore, it is inportant that the information presented in these s *irres is organized acconiing to the sequences in which the users are likely to need it and is organized consistently for all s -- tires of each type.
3.1.1 Orcanizatico of APs and EPs Because APs and EPs are intended for operator use ard because both types daer7ibe operator actions, the APs and EPs uust be similarly organized. All APs and EPs uust ocmtain the sections listed below.
Secticn 1.0 - Entry Ctoditicms Secticn 2.0 - T=arilate Actions Section 3.0 - Follow-up Actions Section 4.0 - Enclosures (if applicable)
Section 1.0 - Entry Ccoditions p%Es the cirunnstances under which each EP or AP'should be used. If the p -
- tire is a actuaticn then the ccnditions that gives the actuatico should be listed. Mwre possible, nultiple indicaticos of failures should be described and the relaticmships ancng indicatims should be specified.
Secticn 2.0 - T=ariiate Actions ccntains operator actions that nust be taken to stop further degradation of plant cmditicins and to ensure that mwy autcanatic systems have actuated. I-ariiate actions should be limited to thcse steps that nust be performed so quickly that the cperator cannot take the time to find a s *itru.
Sectica 3.0 - Follow-up Acticos describes the steps that nust be taken to bring the plant to a safe, stable crnditicn. 'Ihese actions will be performed with the svci:stre in-hand.
Sectica 4.0 - Enclosures includes large printed cperator aids, calculation and check-off sheets, and any supplanental information that may be useful to operators. 'Ibe use of enclesures should be limited.
If no relevant informatico cocists to include in a particular section, such as Secticn 2.0 - T_=arif ate Acticos, the sectico will be formatted, but a note will be presented in the area for acticn stepc indicating, for exanple, that there are no innediate acticos required in the p witm. Refer to Section 3.4.6.2 of this Writer's Guide for instructicos to format notes.
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3.1.2 Ornanizaticn of VPs I Because VPs are intended for repetitive use to verify the status of the four !
critical safety functicns, the VPs nust cxx1tain the following sections:
Section 1.0 - Reactivity Centrol Sectial 2.0 'Ihernal Control Section 3.0 - Radioactive Inventory Centrol Section 4.0 - Eqdr=arit Availability 3.2 Cover Pace Fomat
- All APs, VPs, and EPs nust have a cover page UAe Figure 3) . 'Ihe primary purposes of this page are (1) to identify the prmarhtre and (2) to allow the operator to be sure he or she pnaamaama the most recent revisicn. 'Ibe following items are to be included cn the cover page.
3.2.1 Prmarktre Abbreviaticn
'Ihe prmar+1re abbreviation is an abbreviation or acronym representing the unique set of plant ecoditicos under whicts the prrvwntre is entered. 'Ihe procedure abbreviaticn should be e---:- =J of three to six letters, enphasized in all capital letters.
Fxanples: SGIR, ICX:
Place the p - ettre abbreviation in the upper left- and lower right-hand corners of the page, as shown in Figure 3.
3.2.2 Revisicn Maha__r
'Ihe revision mober can be used to ammire that the tuer possesses the most recent versial of a s ettre. Use a two digit rumber followiJg the word "REV" to indicate the revision level of the prrvwhire.
l Exanple: REV 01 l
i j 'Ib identify the sections of the p *iire that have been cilarged, use a change I
bar located in the right margin alcngside the revised text, but cutside of the sv - tim margin lines. Change bars may be hand drawn.
Place the sv rtire revision number at the top of the page, to the right of the pr - tim abbreviation, as shown in Figure 3.
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EFA REV DATE AP-450 '
EMERGENCY FEEDWikTER AC'IUATION 1.0 ENTRY CONDITIONS IE m of the following conditions exists:
o Manual EFW Actuation, o Loss of both MFWPs, o Either OTSG level is < 6" on EFIC Low Range, THEN use this procedure.
This Procedure Addresses Safety Related Components Approved by NOS Date - -
AP-450 PAGE 1 of 23 EFA Figure 3: Cover Page
3.2.3 Rsrvisicm [hte Irdicate the date of the most recent mvisico an all prrrwitres.
Example: Date 09-10-86 Place the revision date at the top of the page between the revision nunter a2d <
the pi ettre number, as shown in Figure 3.
3.2.4 Prrvwitre M=ha__rs EPs, APs, and VPs sust be numbered uniquely and according to type. A unique and parannant e etire runnber provides a ocsisistent link between r -~ettre identificaticm ard r - ettre content. '!herefore, a r - etim number should be rutired rather than reassigned.
Prrrwhtre runnhers censist of a type designator, a series nunber, and a sequence p unhar . Type designators indicate whether the prrvwhire is an AP, VP, or EP.
Thus, "AP" indicates that the pv *ttre is an abnormal operating procedure, "EP" indicates that the s - eitre is an emergency operating prrvwtim, and "VP" i
indicates that the p - ettm is a verification r - tivu. Place the prrvwitre rumber in the upper right and lower left-hand corners of each page, as shown in Figure 3.
3.2.4.1 Series and Wiarice M=haris for APs. Select an AP series number that wu@ds to the approximate locaticm (operator interaction area) of the systant nuls and annunciators to which the procedure refers. The following is an inclusive list of series runnhers.
Series Number Operator Interacticm Area -
200 Radiaticn Monitors 300 Engineered Safeguards 400 Primary and Seccndary Auxiliaries 500 Integrated Ctntrols 600 7\1rbine-Generator Centrols 700 Electrical Distributicn 800 Fire Protecticm 900 Outside Control Rocza 1000 Mi n 11aneous In additico, select the higher sequence rnanhars for the more inportant procedures in the range of 10 to 99 ard cxmbine the sequence number with the series nunber.
Placa a hyphen between the type designator and the series and sequence nunters.
Exanple: The first AP frun the 600 series is numbered AP-610.
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3.2.4.2 Series and Miance Manha_rs for Err.. Select an EP series punhai- that wu==ipcEds to the critical safety function that has been degraded, as listed below.
Series Mwnha_" Safety Function 100 anactivity control 200 Tha M control 300 PMiWvity Inventory 400 Egi4 d. Availability Select higher EP auwyiance nutters for the more inportant prnwhtres in the range fran 10 to 99, and casine thesa with the series rnunham. Place a hyphen between the type designator and the series and sequence punhars.
Example: The first EP fran the 100 series is runnhamd EP-110.
3.2.4.3 Series and Secuence Rwnhars for VPs. Verification series punhars should be the same as the series nutter of the AP for which the VP was written. Several APs may reference the same VP, in which case the VP should be tuunhared according to the AP with the lowest series roster.
I 3.2.5 Pace Mwnha_virrr Number eacti page of the r *ttre consecutively, including facing pages and
- enclosures. Indicate the total nutter of pages in the s ur.=2ure cm each page to allow the operator to be sure that the s
- tire is not missing any pages.
Example: Page 15 of 40 t
l Place the page nurser at the bottan of the page between the procedure number i *and the s *itm abbreviations, as shown in Figure 3.
3.2.6 Title Include a unique title an the cxwer page of all s -witms. The title should briefly describe the y and purpose of the s witre. Enth asize the title by using all capital letters typed in bold.
Exanple: ENGINE 2 RED SAPHIRRDS ACItRFICN Center the title at the tcp of the cover page, below the procedure identification infonnation, as shown in Figure 3.
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3.2.7 Review and Armvoval Sianatures Provide a place for approval sianature, the signature date, at the botta of the cover page, above the prmachtre identificatico informatim. In addition, irriicate that the pt ettre addr==aan safety-related uwercs. See Figure 3 for an exanple of the correct format.
3.2.8 Entry conditions Provide a description of the pt
Include in the entry otnditions.cnly those indicators, cperatim conditions, autcanatic systan acticns, or other unique synytcas that the operator nust a==aac in decidirx; to use a particular prmarhtm. Provide specific definiticos of the synptes to be evaluated by the operator and incluck probable magnit,% of Parameter changes.
Iren Example: Annunciator alanna amarriated with high temperatures Cornct Exanple: Annunciator alarms associated with high tenparatures are activated:
o Gl, o X, o "DC" IM.
If the entry cxmditions to a prevwbtm involve more than ene synytcm, then indicate the relaticnships among the synytcas with a logic statsunent (see Section 3.4.5 for a rimar ription of logic statanent format) .
Example: Exanple:
H EFW is actuated, H any of the following conditions exist:
QB both MFWPs are lost, o EfW is actuated, l M use this pe *-ttre. o Both MFWPs are lost, o HPI is actuated, i
l l M use this pt
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Intzrvtm the entry ecoditicxis sect 3m by typing "1.0 DTIRY CCNDITICNS," left-justified, at the top of the cxwar page below the p wtive title, and emphasize it by using bold capitals with an urderline. Present the entry condition logic statement next. Entry conditions should not be formatted in two colums, but will extend across the entire pr vwhire page. Separata conditions with a double 9"" -
Exanple:
1.0 DTIRY CI:NDITI(NS IE shling margin is 5 00 F,
@ fM of the folloWing alaIEs =wiated with high TTMPs are actj.vabad:
o 31, o DCo o "DC" FW, 2 M use this s mism. -
3.3 Instruction Paae Format ,
Instruction pages follow the cover page of each EP, VP, and AP. These pages l
prennt operator acticos for EPs ard Aps and further verificaticos for VPs.
3.3.1 Paae Identificaticn Infor1 nation Every instructicn page must contain the following identifying information:
o P1,vwitm Abbrirviation o Revision NLI@er .
o Pru wtim Number o Page Nutter This informaticm mast be ocosistent with that presented cn the pruwhire cover page and formatted in the manner shown in Figure 4.
3.3.2 TYo Colutm1 Format l Use a two colunn format for cperator instructions in APs and EPs, and for I verificaticn instructicos in VPs. Use a two coluun format to present inmediate and follow-up acticos in APs and EPs, and to present all actions in VPs. Actions presented in the two colunris are intended to serie two different purposes.
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3.0 POLIDW-UP ACTIONS '
i ACTIONS DETAILS 3.1 Ensure CPT isolation Ensure open:
valves are open.
o CFV-5 o CFV-6.
3.2 Lower OTSG Tsat to Lower OTSG PRESS using TBVs 100*F below Tsat for or ADVs.
existing RCS PRESS.
3.3 II RCS PRESS reaches Depressurize RCS using PORV.
2300 psig, THEN depressurize RCS to II PORV fails to close, 100 psig above OTSG PRESS. THEN close RCV-11, PORV block valve.
II PORV is EQT available, THEN depressurize RCS using hot leg vents:
RCV-157 RCV-158 RCV-163 RCV-164.
t 3.4 Ensure RB isolation has Ensure RB isolation and cooling occurred on both ES trains. status lights are blue.
i EP-290 REV PAGE 5 of 25 ICC Figure 48 Follow-up page la
Acticn steps prevnted in the left-hard coltan are intended to prwide the operator with a very general hipticn of the actions to be taken, so that the left-hand coltan can ba used to maintain a sense of "the big picture."
Acticn steps rated in the right-hand coltan ara intended to prwide more detailed informaticn about how to mlish the action described in the left-hand coltasi. It is expected that many, but not all, steps in the left-hand column will be a -- -gaied by a set of steps in the right-hand coltan.
A step s=smitad in the right-hand coltan should begin on the same line as the acticn in the left-hand coltan to dict 1 it applies. Actions in the left-hand right-hand columns that a.re paired nust be separated frcan other action steps by a solid, horizontal line.
Figure 4 shows an example of an instructicz) page.
3.3.3 14aadince Secticm headings (e.g., Tendiate Actions, Pblicw-Up Actions) and coltan baadings (e.g., ACTICNS, EE'IAIIS) assist prmarhtre users to keep track of their progress through the s u =2dre. In addition, section baadings decrease the difficulty of locating informaticn in a prevwhn1t to Wich the user has been referred.by another s. w-h tre.
3.3.3.1 Section 14aadirns. Section bandings uust be left-justified on the page, underlined, and typed in bold print and.all capi + & .
Exasple:
2.0 IBMDIXIE ACTICHS Each secticn will begin on a new page. If it is mvy to continue a section cm subsequent pages, the section banding will be repeated at the top of each m*=arluent ovje, belcw the procedure identification information, with an irdicaticn that the page is a continuation.
Exangle:
2.0 D9EDIXIE ACTIGS (CENT'D) 13
3.3.3.2 Column Heading. Column headings will be used in the Tnmediata and Follow-Up Acticns sections of eacts AP and EP and throughout the VPs. 031 tam handings (i.e., ACTICNS, EDLIIS), met be centered over the column to Wild they apply, presented in all capital letters, and underlined. The left-hand colten is bandad AcrIGIS and the right-hand column is baaded CE2 AILS.
Figure 4 shows an example of column baadings.
3.3.4 Stan P=4=_rinct Unique raabering of action % in the p - eitres is particularly useful when cross-referencing between s - ettres is required. Stap rs=* wring also can assist users to track their progress through the prmarktre.
All acticm staps aust be raanbered uniquely and consecutively using Arabic rammerals. 1he first rameral in eacts stap number must be the raatar of the sectimt in Wildt the action is described. Fbe example, all action staps within Sar+4 ret 2.0 - T=amdiata Actions should be assigned a raaber that begins with "2." 96- y-a. staps aust be russbered consecutively within sections. Thus, for example, the first four 4Mata operator acticns in an AP should be ruebered 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4. Substeps of Step 2.1 should be ran2ered 1, 2, w 3, and so m.
Staps will be nLambered differently in the VPs and in the Tunediate and Follow-Up Acticns sectims of the APs and EPs, haran== of the two coltaan format. Action steps in the left-hand ACIIGE coltan should be numbered ocnescutively within the weiate section of the @- itre. Steps in the riWit-hand EDJIS colunn,
'l however, should be rausbered consecutively, begiming with "1", when required to be performed in order. Steps in the MIAIIS coltam may be numbered this way har anam actions in the right-hand coltan are never cross-referenced, they are never separated cn different pages, and they are separated fztr. other action
- staps by horizcmtal lines. Therefore, it is unr=rwamary to give them unique l step ruanbers. -
' Billets should be used to s.__.d. ===hars of a list of iniications, equipnent, cxmtruls or steps that have no order, when two such itanus of information are presentad. Mien three or more sudt items are included in an action step, check-off spaces must be provided to the left of endt itana rather than bullets (see l Sectica 3.3.5 for ackiiticnol fonnattinc) informatim). . Lists of two or more items will be intzMad with a colcm, as shown in Staps 1. through 4. in the right-hand celtan of the following example.
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Example:
ACTICNS [EIAIIS 3.5 M22i EMIT level is 1 Open:
< 4 ft, 222f establish IPI o DN-34 sucticr1 fra EMSF, 8tfD establish HPI o D N-35.
sucticn fra IPI.
- 2. Ensure running:
[EP-1A D'P-1B DIP-1C.
3 Open:
o DN-11 o DN-12.
4 Cltee:
o MN-58 o MN-73.
a111sts nost not be used to get acticn steps, except idum presenting three or more actions that are cmtingent upcn certain conditicns (see Secticn 3.4.5.2 for a more detailed d4==icn) or detailed acticos that may be performed in any order.
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- For acticos that are dependent upcn Acain conditions, only the step that l presents the first coniition or set of conditicos should be ntabered. The step to be taken if the ocnditions do not apply should not be numberud separately.
Example:
wrIms mmIIs 3.15 H RCPs are available, Eg2f ensure:
Seal injectico, Seal return,
_ _ SW ooolirxJ.
H RCPs are M2r available, Egli (action) .
3.3.5 Placmkeenirn Aids So that operators can keep track of their positicn within the follow-up sections of the APs and EPs, planakeeping aids nust be prwided in Section 3.0 - Follow-Up Acticos of each AP and EP. Because 4*iate actions nust be performed without '
reference to a prmachttu, Section 2.0 of any CR-3 AP aid EP will include placekeeping aids to be used culy after all immeMate actions have been performed.
Fbrther, h- cperators will continuously cycle through the VPs, placekeepirq aids will not be included in VPs.
Placekeeping assistance will be prwided in the form of check-off spaces which will be used to indicate that the goal of the acticn in the left-hand colunn has been accraplished. A en11 colunn of three underline characters, typed one after the other, should be located just prior to the first word of action steps in the left-hand colunn, after the step runber. Do not prwide check-offs for ocniiticnal steps to be taken if the crnditions for the first acticn dercribed in a step do not apply. That is, prwide a check-off for any "H, Egli" statements, but not for tha "IF NDP, Egli" statements that acxxopany them.
For actica and detail steps that refer to three or more 3rdications, items of equipment, or whuls, check-off Sw,aa will be prwided to the left of each item in the list, rather than for the step as a whole. These check-offs will assist operators to r===*w where they are in the prmachtre if they are interrupted while executing a particular step.
I Operators should check-off cnly those steps that they have performed and only j those marters of a three or more item list that they have urnitored or verified.
Operators may or may not use the check-off spaces at their discretion. .
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Exanple:
ACTICNS EETAIIS 3.9 Isolata all main steam Close:
auxiliary loads.
E -29 E -30 E -31 E -32
_ MSV-130.
3.3.6 Printed Operator Aids Printed operator aids sucts as figures and tables assist cperators to locate informatico, perfom calculaticos, and make decisions. It is often singler to sad. information using a printed aid than to write it out in action step form. Further, many indivi h la better understand information p w e ited in the fom of a table or graph than information that is written cut. 'Iberefore, printed aide should be used whenr/er possible. However, because the infor nation they prwide can be so important to cperators, it is inperative that printed aids be legible and easily understood.
Action stags and the figures or tables to silicts they refer should be presented cn the page so that they can be viewed at the same time. In additico, figures and tables should ocntain cnly the informatico that is relevant to the particular acticn step that refers to them. For these reascos, it is better to provide several smaller, nors specific printed aids than to refer the operator to a larger, more cxmplex aid gcited in an enclosuru.
If it is not possible to legibly present an aid on the same page as the action step to htlich it applies, then the aid may be presented en the left-hand page facing the text. (See Section 3.5 for a di==ico of formatting facing pages.)
If the aid is lcrger than cne page, then it should be presented in an enclosure.
(See Sectica 3.6 for a diamamien of enclosures.)
If an aid is rarerenced more than once in a g *ime, the aid nust be 141-^vwi at every acticn step that refers to the aid. Reproducing the aid ensures that the operator will not be required to leaf through the s etim to finJ the referenced material.
Operutors should not be required to perform ccupilcated calculations. However, if otmpilcated calculaticos are required, forza nust be provided tc assist operators in making thesn. If a fom can be presented cm cne page, then the fom nust be presented in the right-hand colunn, next to the step that requires the result of the calculaticn. If the fem is too large to present in the right-hand colunn, then it nust be presented in an enclosure. (See Sectirn 3.6 for a d4==len of enclos2 ras.)
17
1 M6.1 F61-ttina Fiaurns. Follrw these rules when formatting figures:
o Each figure must be assigned an Arabic number in the sequence the figure al: pears in the text. 'Ihm syntol "#" ad the altruviation "No." are unom,===a g and should be used; the number alone suffices. 'Ihm word "Figure" nust be capital W in the figure baarWg and whenever the figure is cited in the text.
Example: see Figure 2.
o Do not use "GO 'IO" or "refer to" to reference a figure. Instead, use "See,"
as shown above.
o Assign each figure a unicpe titis that briefly caescribes what the figure shows. Capitalize the first IMer of each word in the title.
Example: Figure 2: RCP Curves ,
o Center the figure number and title above the figure.
o 'Ihe figure nust fit within the page margins, o 'Ihm figure nust be large enough to be readable. It should be single and ,
not cluttered with urs=,a==ary detail or information.
o Position figures so that it is unpac== man to rotate the page to read them.
o Graphs nust include grids. 'Ihm grid should be sufficiently dense so that operators do not have to read pai2as at a precisicm level of less than cale-half grid divisicri, but in no event should grid lines be closer than 0.1 inch. If minor divisicris are lighter than unjor divisicos, care should be taken during ocpying so that the contrast is maintained.
o Do not include ~ handwriting is figures.
o Ceientfigureekenentsnaturally. For example, height should be en the l Vertical axim.
o fabal axes to indicate the variables ard units of measure.
o For line graphs, depict no more than four relationships between anf variables.
I i
l 18
)
116.2 Formattina Tables. Follow these rules when fonnetting tables:
o Assign each table an Arabic mmber in the sequence the table appears in the text. 'Iha symbol "#" and the abbreviation "No." are unsw-a7 and ;
must not be used; tha rumhr alone suffices. 'Ihm word "Table" should be i capih1i=4 in the table heading and Wienaver the table is cited in the i text. Tables located in the debilm column cmly, do not need to be mmbered.
Example: See Table 4.
o Use "Sea" rather than "Go 'IO" or "refer to" to reference a table, o Assign each table a unique title that briefly describes what the table shows. Capitalize the first lettar of each word in the title.
Example,: Table 4: Required Cooldown Rates o Ornect the table mmber arsi title with a colon and contar than above the table.
o outline the table with lines to separate it frtal the text.
o 'Ihm table nust fit within the page margins, or within the colum margins, if it is men 11 enough to present in the right-hand colunn.
o Align coltaris containing nunbars by decimal point, unless scientific notaticn is used, in which case mmbers must be aligned by nultiplication sign.
o Align coluuns cxmtaining alphabetic or alphanumaric data flush left.
o Specify ultits of maaen in the rt:w or colunn ba'wiings, o Minimize the need for any intarpolatico by expanding the table or by prueenting the data in a graph.
o Tables should not be too dense. Double space the inforsaticn in the table.
- o Use horizcmtal and vertical lines to separata colunn baadings and row headirigs frun the body of the table.
o Do not leave va : ant onlls in the table. Use the abbreviatico "N/A" to indicata a vacant call.
I i 19 I
I
3.4 Writincr IniivirMal Ap*:ico Stans
'Ihe following sectials describe how to write ard format instructico steps ard supplanentary informaticn for all G-3 APs, VPs, and EPs. Use of the guidance presented below will assist in ensuring that the r h are easy to follow and easy to understand.
3.4.1 Secuencirn Actial steps est be sequenced according to t',o criteria. 'Ihe first, and more inportant, criterion is technical necessity. Second, steps nust be sequenced according to the #1ysical layout and organization of the control roan. 'Ihus, acticns should be otapleted at cne a:rttrol board location before the premhire <
requires the operator to move to another lccation, and acnement fran coe board to another should be sequenced in a left-to-right direction, if technical necessity allows. Further, acticos at a partiodar ocotrol board also shalid, be sequenced in als diructico, preferably from left-to-right or top-to-bottan, depending upcn the locaticn of the controls and displays at that crntrol board.
If more than cne operator is being assigned actions steps, then the steps nust be sequenced to avoid physical interference in task performance.
Because sequencing is such an important ai=w-t of writing a prmachim, the ptrmhim-writer should spend extra time en ensuring that step sequences are easy to execute. 'Ihe r itre-writer may want to perform a task analy=i.s before writing the s. itre and will certainly want to walk through the r *iire in the ototrol rocza after it has been drafted. Sequencing also should be carefully addressed during formal validaticn exercises.
3.4.1.1 Yn-wiiate ActiQDg. As indicated by Section 3.1.1 of this Writer's Guida, in--tiate acticns will be presented first in the APs and EPs.
'Ibese acticns are the steps that nurt be taken Wiately to stcp further degradation of existing ecoditions. Steps that direct the cperator to ensure that the ampiate autanatic systems have been actuatal also nust be incitded in this section of the s tires. Becatw operators uust memnrize these steps, imaaritate actions should be brief and should not include any detr11ed steps.
3.4.1.2 Ebllow-up Actions. Follow-up operator acticns are steps that the cperators perform to return the plant to normal, stable, or safe steady-state ocniiticn or to provide for a safe extended shutdown pericd under abnormal or energency otoditions. Follow-up steps form the major body of the Ars and EPs. As noted in Secticn 3.1.1, follow-up actions are presented in Section 3.0 -
- Follow-up Acticns of the APs and EPs.
20
i 3.4 Writim IndivM=1 Actim Shn=
'I The fonowing sections describe how to write and fomat imtructiczi steps and :
i mapplementary infomation for an (R-3 APs, VPs, and EPs. Use of the guidance '
presented below will assist in ensuring that the r ~-itres are easy to follow i and easy to understand.
3.4.1 Amr-icim Action steps must be sequenced according to two critaria. 'Ihm first, and more important, critarian is technical necessity. Saoed, steps nust be sequenced according to the physical layout and organization of the otsitrol rocsi. 'Ihus,
' actims should be ocupleted at one control board location before the sur-Ice requires ths cperator to move to another locatim, and novament frt:st one board to another Wiculd be secpanomd in a left-to-right directiczi, if technical necessity aucnas. Marther, acticris at a paz+1m1=* control board .also should be secpenced in czie directiczi, preferably from left-to-right or top-tch, i depending upon the locaticri of the ccritrols and displays at that control board.
If more than one operator is being assigned actions steps, than the steps nust be sequenced to avoid physice.1 interference in task performance. '
Ame=ma sequencing is sucts an important aspect of writing a prmarbre, the r h itar should opend extra time en ensuring that stap sequences are easy to executa. 'Ihm ruc Azre-writar may unt to perform a task analysis before writing the suc lare and will certainly want to alk through the s - - tire in ;
the cxzitrol rocza after it has been draftad. Sequencing also should be carefully addressed charing formal validaticri exercises.
3.4.1.1 L- Hata Actions. As indicated by Sectica) 3.1.1 of this Writar's Chzida, imediata actions will be presented first in the APs and EPs.
] 'Ihese actions are the steps that nust be taken imarHataly to ste further 4
i d p datical of existing acruiiticz1s. Staps that direct the operator to ensure that' the %vriate autcanatic systans have been actuated also nust be included l
in this sectical of the r -- ttres. norman operators naast memorize these staps, 4 1-adiata actions should be brief and should not include any detailed staps.
i 3.4.1.2 Pb11cee-m Acticris. Fonow-g cperator acticris are staps that the operators perform to return the plant to normal, stable, or safe steady-stata ecodition or to provide for a safe exteridad shutdown period under abnomal or emergency canditicris. Fonow-up staps form the major body of the APs and EPs. As notad in Section 3.1.1, follow-up acticais are presented in Section 3.0
i i
4 l
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i -- . - -
3.4.1.3 Verificaticn Actims. Verification actions are iim mily perfoned by the CIA and are presented in the CR-3 VPs. 'Ihese actions allow the cxritcol roca staff to monitor the status of plant safety parameters to determine the sericuaness of the upset conditions. Actions in the VPs will be ocntinuously repeated by the crIA or the operator assigned to monitoring the VP, who will check for indications of (1) reactivity control, (2) thermal control, (3) radioactive inventory control, and (4) equipment availability, in that order.
la.4_._2 Level of _ Detail
?ctica steps will be presented at two levels of detail. Acticos in the left-hand, ACTICNS colum nust be written for use as a descriptica of the overall flow of actims in the p
- tim. 'Ihese steps should not present detailed information about how to perform the task at hand, but rather should provide the cperator with reminders of Wiat objectives aust be met and in what order they should be addressed, operators should be able to quickly review the steps in the left-hand coltan. 'Iherefore, the staps should not sw. cx.splex action instructicms or supplementary information that the operator cloes not need to urderstand the goal of the step.
Actions presented in the right-hand, DE'IAIIS colum, however, nust be specific ard provide more detailed acticn instructions. 'Ihe action steps presented in the right-hand coltsen are intended to provide operators with information about how to perform the tasks listed in the left-hand column in a step-by-step manner.
Action staps in the right-hand colum also should incitda information about (1) the locaticn of arri4r it, wd.wls, and displays that are mentioned in the staps and that are infrequently used or in out-of-the-way places; (2) limits ard tolerancas of which the operator should be aware; and (3) precise references to other prremanres.
Not all of the steps in the left-hand colum will be mnied by more detailed steps in the right-hand colum. Scme acticm staps will not require additional, supporting informatica and so should stand alone in the left-hand coltan.
'Ib ensure that the acticm steps in each colum have been written at the aerciate level of detail, the prrrainre-writer should walk through the steps with wd.wl roca staff cm an informal basis. Operators should be asked to try to ureru n and the r
- tim using only the steps in the left-hand coltan. 'Ibe s itre-writar should than revise the r4 Mtm based cm the operators' coments and, in this way, develop a sense of the level of detail required by current CR-3 crews. Final polishing of the pv Mire should.cccur during formal validation exarH<:ma in the simulator.
21
3.4.3 General Guidarre Because action steps constit:ute "the meat" of the ps --tnws, a gcsat deal of thought nust go into their - u^ mtion. Ib ensure wJ i.sion, action steps nust be short and exact. In addition, they nust be written with control rocmt staffing patterns and its physical layout in mind. Use the following rules to meet these objectives:
o Construct action steps so that the number of people required to carry out specific acticos, concurrent acticos, ard other respcosibilities does not h the mininum shift staffing required by the CR-3 INchnical Specificaticos.
o Minimize prfsical cxmflicts between personnel in carrying cut actions at the same locaticn at the same time or crossiry paths through the ocntrol roCE. '
o Avoid unintentional d@licaticn of tasks by miuv1 roca personnel.
o Present cnly cme idea in an acticn step. Use a series of steps to h ibe a ocuplex task.
Irms.ct exanple:
3.16 H RCPs are available, M ensure: ,
o Seal injecticm, o Seal return, i
o SW cooling, bHD:
- a. H OISGs available, M establish 1 RCP in each locp running, EE establish 2 RCPs cne locp running, EB
- b. E oIsGs gzt available, M establish 1 RCP running.
22 l
/: Correct IMi:aple:
l~ 3.16 H RCPs are available, F
M ensure:
_ Seal injection
_ Seal retum SW cooling.
- 2 RCPs are E available, M ao to step rumber in this i c- tire.
3.17 R OISGs are available, M start 1 RCP/ loop 2 OISGs are E available, M start 1 RCP.
o Use short, single sentances. If a sentence is 1cnger than 30 words, then it should be rewritten as one or more simpler sentances, o Include auxiliary verbs in the action staps (e.g., forms of "be" and "have")
for clarity of expressicn.
Irman example: Ensure cpen Bkr 1661.
Correct example: Ensure Bkr 1661 is open.
o Stqm in the right-hand coltam must specifically stata the object of pter actims. Stata exactly what is to be done and to what.
Incorruct exanple:
- 1. Open hot leg vents.
e 23
Correct example: i
- 1. Open hot leg vent valves: l BCV-157 aCv-1sa !
I RCV-163 RCV-164.
o For steps 'in the right-hand coltam, ocupletely identify +-is, their parts, and their location. For stags in the left-hand coltam, identify w-as, their parts, and their locatim if they are ipfrequently used and/or difficult to locata.
o If other than a whul roca operator is to perform an action step, then identify who is to perform the action.
Example: Direct Health Rtysics to survey MS lines.
o Write action staps that are positive statements in the imperative mode (i.e., in the form of a urmrid) .
Lmuu 2. example: Do not leave the valve open.
Correct example: Close MN-73. -
3.4.4 Tvr== of Acticm Star =
Because aparators are required to perform a ru*=v of different types of actions during upset plant acruiiticos, a variety of types of action steps mst be used in the w inw. Types of actico steps are defined and formats for presenting them are d M - M in the following sections.
3.4.4.1 verification s h . Use verification steps to detarmine whether the objective of a task or a sequence of acticos has been achieved.
, There are three acuer:1 situaticos that require verification steps:
1 24
l i
l o checking that an action has resulted in a ocumnand signal to a piece of equipment.
o checking that an action has resulted in a positive indication that the equipeant has r+d.d to a ocanand.
o Checking that the operator has u.a.-;tly performed an action or has carried 1 cut a series of steps.
For N'4; m-related verification steps, the verification step should direct the operatz W1ere to observe cria or more (when available) indications of
='4% status to amrmplish the verification.
Incorrect example: Ver PCRV tailpipe tamperature correct example: Veri KRV tailpipe TTNP is
< at ocmputer point R-205.
14)an an operator is required to verify that a certain condition is met and to act to achieve that canditicri if he or she finds that it has not been met, then the verb "ensure" should be used rather than the verb "verify." Use of "ensure" can eliminate the need for a logic statament following a verification step if the mndition described in the verification stap cannot be verified.
VPs will be used to perform verificaticos that an cperator has correctly performed an action step.
3.4.4.2 Nci -: - aial Shna . Ncavamimritial steps are steps that appear in the s-ums where they may fir t be required, kut my need to be performed latar in the sequenm of acticxis. Nonsequential steps include steps of ccritirmous agplicability, tim Sipia-dimit steps, and recurrent steps.
Steps of ocritirmous applicability describe acticris that nust be taken whenever specified plant czniitions occur. These stgs nust be insertad in the left-hand colum1 in the secpence of operator acticris at the point at which tim specified plant ocnditicms may first occur. The stg should then be repeated on anihangiarit pages of the p two, but placed cn the left-hand (facirg) page and cutlined in a box. (See Secticn 3.5 for a di e - icn of formatting facing pages.) 14)en the step no lenger applies, it should not be repeated on the facing page. IntrMm these staps in the nedn text as follows:
Exanple: IE, at any time while performing this s wtire, ccniition A nmws, m (acticn).
l 25
W steps are those that ebu-ribe actions the operator is to take altar scane specified time interval. 'Ihe tiir.: $spea-t-:iit stap should be presented at the point in the g ^--hirs that "starts the clock." 'Ihe step should direct the cperator to note the time and be followed by the step or steps that describe the time-dependent actions.
Exanple:
3.15 Note the time of ES actuation:
3.16 Notify the NRC with.An 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br /> of ES actuaticn.
'Ihe operator nust be raninded of the time-depr.iusrit step (s) in notes presented on aih=ary=rit pages of the prrminre, if the cperator nust perform other steps while waiting for the time interval to pass. 'Ihese notes should refer to the time-dependent action and to the step ruimhar that recorded the beginning of the time interval, as follows:
IfQts
'Ihe NRC nust be notified of ES actuaticn within i hr of the time noted in Step 3.15 of this prreachtra.
Recurrent staps are acticns that nust be perfraned repeatedly, and usually require the operator to monitor or control F.ma plant parameter. 'Ib remind the operator to perform recurrent steps, a separata check-off sheet may be provided in an enclosure with the prrrwhrte (see Figurn 5 for an exanple of the format of these check-off sheets) . 'the ctwk-off sheet should include the actions the operator nust take once the plant parameter readas a given cxnditicn.
W are first presented in the pu c- itre, the steps uust stata the frequency with which the stap should be repeated and state the actions the operator nust take coce the plant parameter reaches a given cmdition. If the operator is to perform these steps while cmtinuing on with eihaarywrit steps, then format the recurrent steps as concurrent steps described in Secticn 3.4.4.3. If the operator is to ripeatedly perform these steps before ccotinuing on in the precedure, then format than as shown in the following exanple.
26
Eneleeure 1 Check-eff Sheet fee men 1%ering SWST l.qvel RisLT. Level T h Noted inches :
inches : _
inches :
inches
- inches :
inches
- WHgNN,MUT tank level reaches 15",
I.H, ,gNN, sh i f t MUP suctions to BWST.
l l l' EP-390 REV xx PAGE xx of xx TR l ._
- Figure 5: Example of a Check-off Sheet for Recurrent Steps 27
Example:
3.15 Cheerv Bi&f level at least every 30 min.
l l
3.16 M ENETF tank level readies 15",
M shifti GIP ,
suctics) to RB starp, l 3.4.4.3 Ccriturrent Staos. Prmarhires often include tasks that nust be perforned at the same time. )#mn w=i socting steps that describe these
. acticz1s, the size of the ocritrol reae staff nust be taken into -wit to ensure . .
that a sufficient mmber of operators are available to perform the required acticris.
Steps that describe concurrent tasks nust be located near one another w'ithin the same g tire unless the shorter of the two tasks requires about five or more g tim pages to oceplete. If five or more pages are required, then the cperator should be cross-referenced to a sectrui s - tire for that task.
Howevar, lcrig r tires are preferable to cross-referencing, and cxancurrent tasks should be presented together Wiensver possible. (See Section 3.4.7 for a riim'ta= ion of cross-referencing.)
14)an formatting concurrent steps, the g tire should explicitly state which tasks are to be performed ocricurrently in the left-hand coltar). When cxmpletion
- of a step is not a prerequisite to pWing to the next acticri, the step nust
( so state.
Example:
I ACTIO4S DENIS 3.6 __ CDKIJRRENTIN PERF0EM l Steps 3.7 arx1 3.8.
l l
3.7 Start emne.M baraticri 1. Start CAP-1A or CAP-1B.
of the BCS.
I
- 2. Open CAV-60.
l Ctrttime cri in this
! g - tim.
I 3.8 Insert safety rods.
I 28
. . . __ _ ._ _ ._ _ _ . _ _ _ _ - _ ._ _ _ _ = _ .
3.4.4.4 Equally Accootable Staps. .Tn some cases, any one of several alternative steps or sequences of steps achieves the same goal. In such an
, ir i c , these staps or sequences should be presented in the r two only if
, there is a large ra bility that cme stap any not be available.
i In other cases,' ans alternative is actually preferable to another, depending gx:n plant conditions. In these cases, the conditicms under which each alternative is preferred naast be made explicit by writing the staps as conditional steps. (See Section 3.4.4.5 for a descriptics of conditional steps.)
3.4.4.5 Diarma=+4r and Cbnditimesal Star =. Diagnostic and conditional steps both require the operator to taka same action that depends upon plant t condities. Diagnostic staps are thces that lead the operator to the appropriate r h or section of a suc dure. Many steps in the VPs are diagnostic steps.
Canditional staps require the operator to assess same plant parameter before taking an action. Both omnditional and diagnostic steps must be formattad as logic stataments, as described in secticm 3.4.5.
3.4.5 T red e Sta* - d.s !
Icgic stataments are used ir. r - twas to describe a set of conditions or a sequena of acticos. mar mm of their importance and ocuplexity, these stataments mast be constructed using the principles and techniques of formal '
logic so that they are logically correct, unsabiguous, and cxmpleta (i.e., all ,
statsumnts are understandable and all ocmditions are covered).
, Use the logic tarus MD, 2, H, IF. NDT, M, and M in ph to describe i a set of ocmditions, to secpaanoe action staps ocntingent upon a:mditions, or to i express ocuplex cxzbinations of condities, other antan=riarits, and actions.
l hphasize logic tarum by typing them in all capital letters and underlining them. ,
t
, 3.4.5.1 Uma of IF, IF }DT, M . and N . 1@mn acticm steps are j ocntingent upcm certain ocmdities or acobinations of conditions, begin the
- staps with the words H, H,tg2r, or M followed by a description of the i ocmdition or ocmdities (the arfanariarit), a ocamma, and the word M, followed by the actic.J. to be taken (the h- y-d.) . Use H and H_lE2r to refer to ocmditicms that may occur. Use M to present conditions that will occur.
M is considered a Holding point within the s h ,unless otherwise ,
stipulated with a continas stetanent.
Examples: M affected CISG has been identified, M isolata Aux loads fran affected CISG.
i H incore N is increasing,
- M ensure PC W is open. i i !
l H M is M ifma i-.". M , -
j M close Pc m .
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1
)
H E is nost often used in caaaa where the operator nust r+d to the second of two possible omditions. Use H to specify the first condition. Do not number the two possible ocriditions as separata acticn steps. H E can also be used to express a ramadial action that does not follow a action step. Care should be taken to ensuzu that the statement is clear; that is operators should know what is M .
Exanple:
3.5 ___ H acs Hess is increasing, M close NN-24.
IF NCTT, M open 1 additicnal HPI valve.
Mien using H M, the secznd condition referenced by the H E may not be clear. In these mama, the H and M may be separated to better h ibe the secxrd condition.
Example:
3.8 H MFW E EFW are E available, M start HPI/PCRV cooling.
Do not use the logic term M at the end of an action to inst:uct the operator to perform another action within the same step, because it runs actions together.
Acticris idlich ars =*= Mad in this way (1) may be overlooked and not be performed, (2) make it difficult to verify the performance of each action step with a check-off, and (3) can be confused with a logic statement.
Iru.u.14t example:
3.5 Ensure HPI valves are closed M cooldown PZR with Aux spray.
Cvu..rc exanple:
3.5 Ensure HPI valves are closed.
3.6 Cboldown PZR using Aux spray.
30
l 3.4.5.2 Use of AND. Action steps will normally be perfonned in sequence so that a ocnjunction such as "and" is not required between steps. ,
However, in the case of ocabinations of ocrxlitions, place the word E between '
the descriptica of each cxxxiition.
Exanple:
3.7 H RCS PRESS is increasing, E PZR level is increasing, M 00 TO PWire Mahar, PrMim Name, begiming with Stap Nuuber.
Do not use E to join three or more acruiitions. Instead, use a list format to singlify a 1 cog serpence of ocnditicos, and indicata each separata candition with a bullet or place keeping aid. The words may and all should be underlined -
when ps=5 Tdng a list is either the action or detail side of the prMire.
Exangle:
3.10 H All of the following ocniitions are met:
Otziditicn A, Condition B, ccniiticn C, M (acticn).
l hrt used as a simple or veri conjunction, the word "arxi" should not be euphasized. For example, E shculd not be used to cmnact related actions in a step, and should not be used to econect phrases that do not contain both a subject and a verb.
Incorrect exanple: L u u m-t exanple:
3.8 _ Stop IPI p.mps 3.8 H MIM E EFW are E place them in E available, EE standby. M (acticn)
Correct example: Correct exanple:
3.8 Stcp MJPs arxi place 3.8 ._, H MEW and EEW are than in E3 standby. E available, M (action) 31 l
l
In scane instances, however, a sequence of action steps is oerendent upon a cx:niitica or set of ocmditicos. Tb clearly indicate the relationship of the acticos to the ecnditicos, it may be -ry to link actions with Atip.
Example:
3.9 _, M RC PRESS reaches 700 psig, AND core flood is E required, '
M isolate CFPs, AtQ G0 UJ Step 3.36 in this p ~ t nu. -
14mn three or more acticms azu all dependent upcm a certain canditicm, than do not use AtfD to link thas. As when Wardng three or more conditions, use a list format.
Dample:
3.10 H Ctoditicn A is met, M:
Acticm A, Acticm B, Acticn C.
3.4.S.3 Use _of_CE. Use the logic term 2 to call attention to alternative ccabinations of ocnditicos. Use the logic term @ in the inclusive sense (i.e., any one or all cxniiticos may be g_ it; either A or B or both A and B).
Exanple:
3.8 _ H Tavg is increasing, 2 RC IEESS is 2 2300 psig, M open REY.
32
Minimize t'se of the exclusive 2, as this use often leads to confusion. If it is ry to use 2 in the exclusive sense, specify it as "either A or B, but not both." ihan used as a conjunction and not as part of a logic statanent, "or" should not be capitalized or underlined.
Incorrect example:
3.19 Start purp A 2 pung B.
Correct example:
3.19 Start either pump A or pimp B, but not both.
ihan W ing 2 conditions then the logis term 2 may be used. IF more than 2 cmditims exist then the list sculd be formatted in a list format. Use the if ADY or if au to define the list. Bullets or place keeping aids may be used prior to each itas. If tiury are steps to be performed than place keeping aids should be used, if the are conditions that the cperator looks for then bullets are sufficent.
3.4.5.4 Use of AND and CR Ttuethar. Avoid the use of E and @,
within the same step. ihan E ard 2 are used together, the logic statanents can be ocnfusing and ambiguous.
Incorrect exanple:
IE Corriition A, E Canditim B, i
2 Otnditica C ocx:urs, 23 00 'Io step 3.17 in >
- this s. *ttre.
33
'Ihis statement has two possible meanirgs.
Correct examples:
(1) H ceniitims A, E ceniitica B, M Go 'Io Step 3.17 in this s1- e-ttre.
2 H cmdition C, M 00 'Io Step 3,17 in this r --e-h tre.
(2) R cmditions A, E ccrditim B, M 00 'Io Step 3.17 in this prmartim.
2 R conditicms A,
- E ocmditicm C, M GO 'Io Step 3.17 ,
in this r. - et sm. .
Use the nore explicit forms illustratal in exanples (1) and (2) above een cabinirg E and 2 within the same step cannot be avoided.
3.4.6 N tims and Notas Cautions and notes provide critical or useful informatico to operators in prmarkrres. Ctr- -d.ly, it is important that the information in cautions and notas be presented clearly and in a mamer that attracts the operator's attention. Icgic words can be used in note or cauticn, but care should be taken to ensure there is no action' hidden wihtin the statament.2en both a caution and a nota andy to the same step, the cautico should be presented before the nota because cautims ocntain more inportant information. If a stap is pae"=4 and followed by a note or cauticn, than care should be takan to ensure that the step does not look lika nota or caution and crver looked as a action by the operator, (ccocider extra spaces).
3.4.6.1 Presentim Cautions. Cauticms address conditions, practices, or s hires Wich nust be e*=rved to avoid personal injury, loss of life, a
, long-term health hazard, or W to 7di d.. 'Iha caution should include a description of the hazardous conditions, the precautions nac-any to avoid or-minimize the hazard, the location of the source of the hazard, the consequen s of failing to head the cautico, and any critical time consideraticos.
1 34 i
l
Forunt cautions as follows:
o Place cautions i w iately r cmiing the stap(s) to M ch they apply.
o Place a cauticm an the same page as the first step to Wiich it applies and on endt 9i ?=t page that catains staps to which the caution applies.
o Writa cautions so that they can be road ocupletely without interruption by interVW1ing StQ or page turning.
Do not include operator acticos within cauticos.
o o Include caly cms tcpic per caution, o Dphasize cautions by extending thma across the page and placing them between hcrizcatal lines of asterisks.
o Title a caution with the word "CX7PICN" typed in all capital letters, underlined, and centered above the cautionary information.
Example:
- e************************************************************
CM7PICH II HPI flow is 5100 gas, AHD ICP recirc valves are cleoed, 21HM PCP damarym will occur.
3.4.6.2 Prumentinct Notas. Notas provide inportant supplenental .
informtion ocnoerning specific staps or saquences of staps in the in +-hwes.
'Ihm inforation presental in notas should enhanca the understanding of the 1
s trvi, facilitata decisicos, and would otherwise be difficult to find and ir m s .te in the r --itre.
Fornet notas as follows:
o Place notes imediately p@ the stap(s) to which they apply. '
o Do not include acticm steps in notec.
o Present notas so that they can be read ccupletely without interruption by intervening steps or page turning.
j o Include caly one topic in each nota.
4 4
l e 1
35
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o Emphasize notes by extending them across both coltams of the page and by placing them between double horizmtal lines.
o Title a note with the word "Nota" underlined and centered over the nota I informaticm. Capitalize the first letter of the word "Nota."
Example: '
4 HE88 Starting the RCP will revert EFIC CmBG level setpoint to 30".
t 3.4.7 Cross-Raferencing Cross-referencing to other r ----tims or sections of gc- tires interrupts the '
- flow of informatim to operators, creatas delays in r+ ding to plant
- omdities, and often results in operator confusion. mar == operators are likely to be under stress daring plant upset ocnditicos, requirements to refer
- to another rh for neonesary informaticm, to follow more than enn gue-dure -
, at a time, or to flip back and forth between the pages of a r h can all t
lead to operator errors at a tine Wan correct task performanon is critical. *
'Iharefore, CR-3 sh should be written to avoid crues-referencing. ;
4 j 'Ib acotaglish this goal, EPs, APs, and VPs will be writtan to present as nucit l required information as possible at the staps in the r - tims Wmre it is ;
1 needed. Information that may be contained in other r - tires or other sections ,
of the seen sh should be repeated rather than referenced. Iong prearhims ,
are preferable to cross-referenced g -- twes.
i, 3.4.7.1 Ci = Marencina Rules of 'IN*.
Ocmsider the following rules of thumb when otetamplating the need for a cross-referenos:
o Cross-referencing is acomptable Wan cperators must abanden use of ena I 1
r -- ttre and begin using another. l o cross-referencing is acceptable Wan operators must ocmditionally perform a r - tire or sequenom of staps and the ocmditicms under whidt they will perform the cross-referenced staps are highly unlikely.
o Do not cross-reference another s.- tim or sequence of staps if the
, s'- tim or stap sequence can be presented in a few (1-5) pages of text. !
In this case, repeat the information rather than cross-re.terence it. i
! I 1
I
) 36 -
1 !
i i
o Avoid nultiple levels of cross-referencing, even if the referenced informaticn avrmaria five pages of text. Fbr exanple, if an operator is told in Prmartim 1 to go to Prrmtim 2, and the operator will have to return to Prmarktru 1 anos he or she has ocupleted the referenced staps in Prmarktre 2, do not send the operator fzte Pimartire 2 to any other s - *iim.
3.4.7.2 Forinattim Cross-References. Use the following formats for cross-references:
o lhen directing an operator to unotniitionally exit one prmachtra and begin usiIg another, use the words "GO TO" typed in all capital letters followed by the p ettre nLamber, the prmarktre name (may be abrievented), and the stap number where the cperator is to begin, separated by ccanmas. Do not underline the words "GO TO."
Example:
3.7 __. Go TO AIH560, Turbine Trip, beginning with Step 3.1.
Also use "Go 70" when unocniiticmally sending the operator to another stap in the same r ettre. Be sure to indicata that the referenced stap is in the same r - tim.
Example:
3.8 GO TO Step 3.27 in this p ettre, o lhen referring the operator to a procerirre that nust be pe: formed ccncurrently with the s. itm that he or she is using, indicate that the p hires are to be followed concurrently by introduciry the cross-reference with the words "CENCURRENIT2 PERPWM" presented in all capital lettare. Follcw the p ettre rumber and title with the step rum *=t W1ere the operator is to begin following the refsrenced premhtra.
ihan reqtliring ocmcurrent perfrmnarice of two or more r ettvis, ensure that the v hul rocza staff is of ariarymta size to mlish the required tasks.
Exanple:
3.9 CENCIJRRENITJ PERTTM AP-660, Turbine Trip, begiming with Step 3.1.
37
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"CCNC.URRENTLY Pl!RFt3M" should also be used idian directing the operator to perform two or more staps at the same time. Section 3.4.4.3 dM' -- .
oczicurrent steps in greater detail, i o Mien referring the cperator to a r - etire or secticn of a premhtre that nust be performed before the operator ocsitimes on in the first ptrv,artire, intrechace the cross-ruference with the word "Pl!RPt3M" presented in all capital lettars, and include the p - tim number, g eitm name, and the appropriata stap raaber(s) . Inilaata that the operator will return to the first r - tivu idian he or she has ocupleted the second g - etire or
-Tiarice of steps with a ocamard to "REIURN 'IO this stap." "REIURN 'IO" nust be fully' capitalized and presented as follows.
Exanple of a cross-reference to another r -etirs:
3.6 PERPt3M EP-220, Pressurized
'Iharnaal Shock, beginning with Step 1.0.
REIURN 'IO this stap.
Fvanple of a cross-reference to another sGction:
ACTICHS CE'IAIIS 3.7 ___ PERFt3M Steps 2.0 through 3.37, EP-220, Prtasurized
'Iharmal Shock.
REIURN 'Io this step.
o Wien refering the operator to a external source of informatico or help, use the words "Refer to" followed by the prrv,artiru or source h=artt, p - tire name, ard applicable stap if available.
Example of a cross-reference to another p bre:
AC1' IGE DEIAIIS 3.7 verify erwirant power tilt Refer to ocmputar group is within limits. 59.
IE lEZr, 2122f rafer to STS 3.2.4, Quadrant Power Tilt.
38
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1 l
l o Orxiitional cross-references nust be presented in the 2'orm of logic stataments.
Dcamples: l Acricn; trmIIs l 1
3.8 _ H EFW is required, l M CWCWRENr[X PERFWM l AP-450, EfW Actuation, i begiming with Step 3.1.
1 3.9 _ H = W ling margin is < 0 0F, . l M PERFWM EP-290 lWmte Core Cboling, begiming with Step 1.0.
REIUM 70 this stap.
3.5 Facim Peae Fomat Facing pages will present only two types of informaticn. The first type of information will be staps of continuous applicability. The second type will
.be printed cperator aids that are too large to present on the right-hand page in the main sequence of operator actions and still maintain their readability.
Figure 6 presents an example of a facing page.
To* ensure that the information pru. anted on the facing pages will be available to cperatm, operatore should not remove yv-- tmas frta the noemhnet containing the APs and EPs. Renz: val of the pc-- twas may result in losing scne of their pages or the pages hae-irug disordered. Check-off sheets and calculation forms may be removed, however.
Staps of ocrrtirmous agplicability can be presented on the facing page and outlined in a box. These staps should be i w u t M on every facing page until they are no 1criger applicable or need to be replaced by more important informaticn. Stape do not need to be swu tad word for word and may include scan level of data 1. They should be nLasered according to the stap in the main sequence of acticrJ at W11ch they were first included in the prdim. Rather than using a two-coltam format, however, staps cn the facing pages should extend across the page. VPs do not recpire facing pages har atma their staps are ocntinuously repeated.
Example:
3.7 H Tavg is increasirr;,
At!D BC PRESS is 2 2300 psig, M cpen PORV.
39 1
\
Tcblo 1: Adequato subcooling Margin l
RC3 PRESS MARGIN l
> 1500 psig > 20'F
$ 1500 psig 2 50*F 1
3.11 II adequate subcooling margin does HQI exist,
, THEN:
o Within 2 min, stop all RCPs, o CONCURRENTLY PERFORM AP-380, ES Actuation, beginning with Step 3.4, o Raise OTSG levels to 95% with EFW, o Start full HPI.
Table 2: Required OTSG Levels Condition
- Level Inadequate subcooling margin 95%
No RCPs -
65%
and. adequate subcooling margin RCPs Low Level and adequate subcooling margin Limits l
Table 3: ,Cooldown Limits Normal Emergency i RCS 2 500'F $ 100'F/hr
- 1 240'F/hr
- RCS < 500'T $ 100*F/hr
- 1 100 ' F/hr
- O Tube to Shell A T S 100*F AT s 150
- F AT Fuel Pin in Compression Apply Do not apply
EP-390 REV PAGE 20 of 35 SGTL Figure 6: Facing Page I
I l
Printed cperator aids that are too large to present in the mein sequence of ]
operator acticos also nust be presented cn facing pages. '!hese aids should ,
be placed under any steps of continuous applicability that aru presented on '
the facing page, and should meet all the formatting criteria described in Section 1 3.3.6. Any aids that are icnger than cne page nust be presented in an enclosure. ;
Facing pages will be nLabered in secpence with the other w---two pages, using the "Pege __ of _,,," format darcribed in Section 3.2.5. The page nLabor should l be centered and placed at the bottcza of the page. Facing pages that are blank nust be mmbered and the word "BIANK" should be typed in the center of the page to indicate that informatim is not missing.
3.6 Enclosures several types of informatica may be presented in enclosures, including printed operater aids of more than cme page, calculaticm sheets, check-off sheets, and any supplemental information that may be important to operators. Because reference to an enclosure interrupts the flow of informaticm to cperators and nay result in cxxtfusion or delays, use of enclosures shculd be limited.
Enclosures shall not include operator actions, with the exception of check-off sheets for ti= M--d-d. stees (see Secticn 3.4.4.2) . Figures 5 and 7 provide ,
examples of enclosure forma %.j.
Enclosurus nust be mmbered with Arabic numerals in the ort $er in which they are referenced in the text. Page identification inforantion for enclemures shall be the same as that for instructicm pages (see Secticn 3.3.1) . The woni "Enclosure" and the enclosure rumber shall be underlined,~onncered, and typed at the top of the first page of the enclosure. A descriptive title of the enclosure shall be presented double-spaced below the attactment number.
Example of an enclosure haswiing:
Enclos_ Ira 1 Figure 2: BCP Curves For enclosurus that czmtirue on se -,= wit pages, =ihaary =1t pages shall be t=wiari as follows.
Example of a 96 7--d. enclosure page baariing:
Enclosure 1 (CINP'D) ;
1 41 '
1 l
Ensleeura 1
.' CALCULAT!NO COOLDOWN RATE
~
- 1. Enter pretrip :
of
- 2. Enter current Tc of
- 3. Divide line i by line 2 oF/he s
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4 v
r L
I I
i{ EP-390 l REV xx PAGE xx of xx T .9 i 1
- Figure 7
- Example of a Caculatton Enclosure "
42
r 3.7 Word W-im Parnd . -va The following guidaroe should bc used by CR-3 typists in preparing APs, EPs, and VPs. Achiiticnal information specific to CR-3's word processing software should be included heru as well.
3.7.1 Tves The type used to present the action steps must be large encugh to be easily read frun at least two feet away under conditicns of normal lighting. Spacing bet.veen letters nust be even and right margin justificaticn should not be used.
3.7.2 Mamins Margins nust be large enough to ensure that all text and printed cperator aids are not obscured by binding in the r h notebook. Margin requirements are shown in Figure 8 ard apply to facing pages as well as to cover, enclosura, and instructicn pages.
3.7.3 Line Snacim Follcw these rules for line spacing:
o Line spacing zust be ocnsistant throughout the pc --bm.
o M within aeticn staps naast be singled-W.
Example:
IE Ctoditicn A exists, 3122f (acticn).
o Instructions to "REIUPN % this stap" or "Cbntinue cm in this procedure" nust be double-spaced to separate them fran the cross-tuference.
Example:
PERPGM AP-380, Engineered Safeguards Syutan Actuaticn, Staps 3.1 thru 3.17.
REIUPN W this stap.
43 '
- s. -
" O LSW REV DATE AP-330 '
n t l' r A >
a IDSS OF NUCLEAR SERVICE WAT11 1.0 ENTRY CONDITIONS II any of the following conditions exist:
o TEMPS of SW cooled components are.high and rising,'
o SW surge tank is less < 5 ft, o SW flow is lost, IliEH use this procedure.
h d
J This Procedure Addresses Safety Related Components a ,
Approved by NOS Date - -
AP-330 PAGE 1 of 11 LSW v
Figum 8: Page Maqpas 44
o Lists est be doublW ard separated frcza the action instruction with a doubl e .
Example: , ,
l' Open:
MN-45 MN-46 M N-47.
o Informatica1 presented within cautions and notes nost be singleh_.
o Trip 1; W nust be used to separate acticn steps at all levels.
e 45
4.0 EGM!NIS 7' STYIE In order to provide informaticn to operators that is easy to understand, it is important that the VPs, APs, and EPs 1:e written in a style that presents informaticn in a single, familiar, specific, and unambiguous manner. Much of the guidanca presented in Section 3.0 of this Writer's Guide will aid in achieving this goal. The following additional elanents of writing style will further assure usable emergency prmarhmes.
4.1 Vehil aty The simplest, most familiar, and most specifit; words that amirately convey the intended meaning should be used. When ctoosing words to write cn action step, crmsider the following rules:
o Most importantly, use words consistently throughout the entire set of w.c.-1:rse. If there are synonyms for a wm2., cbject, or operation, cnly one of thest should be used (e.g., do not interchange the tenns "unit,"
"a===hly," "equipnent," and "www.t" to refer to the same item) .
o Use short words arxl words that are ccamenly used in standard American English. Do not use ocuplicated words when a simple word can be used that means the same thing.
Irwuoct exangles: Ctanence, utilize, ewe cou .ct exanples: Begin, use, stcp o Use starrlardized ncnerxilature eni idicas that are familiar to plant operators in the nuclear industry. However, ruisclature referrirxJ to equipTnt and controls must be identical to engravings on the control board.
o Do not use words with more than cne meaning.
Irwuoct example: Right .
Cominct exanple: Correct o Verts listed in Enclosure 1, Ccr=Lsained Largaage List /Index are the prefered verts, other verbs can be used but should be held to a mininann. Verts that are used that are not en the list should have a clear meaning and there should be no other word on the list that could be used in there place.
46 l
o Avoid ambiguous and vague h iptive words. Instead, specify rates, limits, measures, and so on.
Incorrect exanple:
If the containment water level is rising rapidly, M : tion),
Cbrrect exanple:
JZ the ocntaiTEDent Water level is rising at a rate greater than 0.5 ft/hr, M (action).
Most adverbs (e.g., quickly, slwly, rapidly) are vague. Scne adjectives (e.g., hot or cold) are also vague. Refer to Enclosure 2 for a list of words to avoid using.
4.2 Flw of Informatig)
- Ib avoid interruptir:ns in the flw of informaticn to operators, follow these rules:
o Steps nust be ccmplete en cne page. Do not split steps between pages.
o Always begin cm a new page for each p - tim secticn and for eacts enclosure.
l o Do not use fold-out pages.
o Do not recpire page rt.taticn.
4.3 Abbreviations and Acrmvms l
Every attarpt should be mada to use simple and short words rather than altreviaticos or actmyms, because what is clear to cne iniividual may not be at all clear to another. "w, there are many technical terms used in nuclear plants that have well-established altraviaticos or actmyms aelated with them and these should be used. Follow these rules when deciding whether to use a cceplete word or an altreviaticn or acrcnym:
o Use cnly abbreviations / acronyms that inexperienced operators will racnrytize without reference to a glmer'f.
l o Win abbreviatiens/actmyms are used to label equipnent, displays, and ocntrols, use those labels in the pronachtre.
L .
l 47
o Use mly these abbiriiatims/ acronyms included in Enclosure 3, Accepted Acronyms and A2reviations.
o Capitalizatim of abbruviations/actmyms must be uniform. If the abbreviatiav'acra.ym is carprised of lowercase letters, then it nust always appear in lowercase letters in action steps, titles, and !=adings.
o Use abbreviations /acrmyms consistently throughout the procedures. If a word is spelled out at one point in a prerwhtre, it should not be abbreviated in other secticos of that yt isre or in other APs, VPs, and EPs. If a abbreviation is to be used it should be used everywhere it can be thru-out the prrrwhires.
o Do not use abbreviaticos/ acronyms with more than one meaning.
Irwin avanple:
HP for Horse Power or Health Ptlysics or High Pressure o Avoid similar abbreviaticos/actmyms.
Irsiutt w t exanples:
FP for Filli Power FPS for Feet Per Seccnd HD for Heater Drain System HIR for Haader j o Do not use more than cme abbreviaticn/aermym for a single meaning.
Incorrect e:.anple:
EFWP or EFP for Emergency Feed Water Pung l l .
o Do not a2reviate single words.
Irmiact exarples:
CID for Cold HT for Hot MIR for Motor l
48
\ _. -
o Avoid abbreviatims/acrmyms that are similar to words.
Irwu. ct examples:
POD for Point of Discharge VENT for Ventilatica 4.4 Symbols Use mly the synbols m the following list in the EPs, APs, and VPs:
= equal to
< Iass than
> Greater than 5 Iass than or equal to 2 Greater than or equal to
% Percent AT Delta TENP -
0F Degrees Fahrenheit CC Degrees Celsius
+ Plus Minus x Multiply N/N Divide u m
= Approximately (used cnly when a range can not be defined) 4.5 Punctuaticm and Gr===v Use punctuatico to aid in IwwHng and to prevent misunderstandings. Select word orders that minimize the need for punctuaticm arri rewrite sentences that require extensive punctuation into several shorter sentences. In general, standarri American English punctuation and grannar nust be used in the APs, EPs, l and VPs.
I i
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Puncbete as follows:
o Do not use brackets or parentheses, o Use a colcr1 (1) to iniicate that a list is to follow and (2) to separate figure and table n=hars frun their titles.
Exanples:
(1) Verify the following valves are closed:
RCV-11 MN-49 RCV-13.
(2) Figure 2: RCP 'Q2rves a Use a er-na (1) to separate clauses in logic statements, (2) to Prate pr M ire n ahars, titles, and step numbers in cross-references, (3) to separata attactanent n=hars and titles in references to attachments, and (4) to clarify numbers of four or more digits.
Examples:
(1) H this Nv9tts, 3122f (actim).
(2) GO 'IO AP-450, EEmu.wcy Feedwater Actuation, beginning with Step 3.1.
(3) Enclosure 1, Omstrained Ianguage List -
(4) 10,000 -
o Use a period (1) to indicate the end of an action step, and (2) to present decitnal a. Do not use periods in abbreviations or acronyms. Also, do not use a period at the erd of a list of vir=arit (3) to follow a single digit step number unless followed by a place keeping aid.
50
Examples:
(1) Start RCP 1.
(2) 10.4 (3) 3. Open:
Irwu.--t example:
ft./hr.
(3) 3. Open:
o Use quotation marks to wh informaticr1 fran a? d =='It, controls, and displays exactly.
Example:
4 Select EFV-56 ccritroller to "M7IO". ,
o Use a slash to indicate "par a with units of ===iv3.
Examples:
fr/hr 1000 F/hr 1 RCP/ loop o Use hypiens (1) betrinen g - ettre type designators and s' etim nwnhars, -
(2) for Snxi words, (3) as appropriate in w d. terminology, and (4) between the merith, day, and year in the g.. -ttre revision date.
l l
l Examples:
(1) AP-450 (2) Left-hand (3) MN-46 (4) 06-26-54 l
51
{
o Use an apcota.@ne to show pe===aien.
l Example: Writer's Guide 4.6 Caoitalization other than when used for eq tasis (see Section 4.8.M , these rules should be followed in capitalizirg words in the prrvwhwes:
o In general, standard American English rules of capitalization nust be followed.
o Capitalizatim nust be consintent thraaghout the set of procedures.
o 'Ihm first letter of the first word of all entry conditims, and actim steos aust be capih14=4 o 'Ihe first letter in endi word of the titles of prrvwhmes, alarms, indicators, panels, and equipnent is capitalized.
o All refererx:es to control panels and instrumentation including equipnent names .(e.g. , PCRV), ccx1 trol designaticos (e.g., STBY, OFF), annunciator lahala, and other panel labels nust use capitalization omsistent with that shown on the panel or instrument.
4.7 Units of Maa=we, Mn==t als. and 'Ibleramme Follow these rules when se.ing units of measure, numerals, and tolerances:
o Use the units of maamwe that achially aEpear cn the specified instrumentaticn in action steps, figures, and tables.
o Use Arabic numerals rather than the spelled-out number or Rcanan numerals (e.g. , 4 instead of "four" or "IV") .
o Use a decimal point (period) prawiad by a zero for all numbers less than unity (e.g., 0.1). ,
o , If possible, do not require the operator to perform any calculations or a:nversions wher. readiry displays (e.g., do not use "22.22 psig" in the prrvwhwe when the display is only marked in whole numbers) . If ccatpilcated calculations t.ru required, provide the operator with a form (see Section 3.3.6 for a di e = icn of printed operator aids).
o Use acceptance values to avoid the use of formulas and calculations by the operator. State acceptance values as specific limits (e.g., "990' to 1,000 psig" rather than "approximately 995") . 'Ihese values nust be the same as the units of maaetru on the instrumentaticn.
52
o If exact values for toleran a cannot be given, then ccarparative information may be provided even though it may be r=,aamaty to use vague language to do so (e.g., "the pressurizer level starts to dr.:p at a faster rate") .
4.8 Enchasis Techniaues Several techniques have been described throughout this h==1t for enphasizirg specific information cx21tained in the EPs, VP, and APs. These applications of emphasis techniques are smmarized in this section. Other than these applications, underlining, full capitalization, framing, and bold print must not be used in CR-3's emergency operating g *itres because overuse of enphasis techniques detracts frcum their effectiveness.
4.8.1 Underlinina Underlining should be used to emphasize the following types of information:
o Prmarhtm =ar+irm bandings (see Sectics) 3.3.3.1) .
o Cblumn baadings en instruction pages (see Section 3.3.3.2).
o Nota and caution handings (see Section 3.4.6).
o Enclosure baadings (see Sectico 3.6).
o Imgic rama (e.g. , IE, g) .
o The words any ard all when used to intrMn a list (e.g. ADY, All) 4.8.2 Full Cacitalization The followirxJ types of information should be presented fully capitalized:
o The sv ettre title (see Section 3.2.7).
o The facility designator (see Secticn 3.2.1) .
o The s etire abbreviatica (see Section 3.2.2) .
l o The abbreviaticn "REV" in the g ettru revisicn rumber.
i o Prmarhirva section baadings (see Sectico 3.3.3.1) .
o Coluan baadings cn iNdon pages (see Secticn 3.3.3.2) .
1 l
o Cross-referencirg conventions (e.g. , GO 70, REIURN TO) .
o Specific abbreviaticos and acronyms presented in Appendix 2, l Accepted Acrt21yms and Abbreviaticos.
53 ;
! 1 l
o I.cgic terms (e.g. , H, IF IK7T) . I o Cauticn baadings (see Sectico 3.4.6) .
o men *ulacing information fmn arr'i ==nt t wd.wls ard displays exactly 4.8.3 Bold Print
'Ibe following types of information should be presented in bold print:
o 'Ihe pw
- hire title (see Section 3.2.7) .
o Prmarktre section haadings (see Section 3.3.3.1) .
4.8.4 Framincr Framing should be used to ephasize the following types of information:
o Cautions abeuld be framed between horizmtal lines of asterisks which extend across the entire page of the ev etrm (see Section 3.4.6.1).
o Notes should be framed between double horizcntal lines whidt extend across the entire page of the prrrwhtre (see Section 3.4.6.2) .
o Steps of ocntinuous applicability that are presented en facing pages should be cxmpletely framed in a box (see Sectico 3.4.4.2) .
o Steps in the left- and right-hand columns that relata should be separated fmn preceding ard s*ing action steps by a horizcutal line.
e e
G s4 1 - - - .
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ei Drrm1RE 1 02ETEAINED IAlGPClE LIST /DEEX 55
i l
i G2EIRAINED IREDAGE LTSP Actuate -
Ib put into action or motion.
1 Adjust -
Change the value of a setpoint or parameter to a new i desired value.
Align -
Position valves or circuit breakers to provide the specified fluid or electrical flowpath.
Balance -
Make specified parameters equal with r== pet to each other.
Begin -
Start an activity.
Bleed -
Itmove volume of liquid frca a systan or container, e.g.,
mode of the make-up and purificatico system that diverts letdown flow.
Borate -
Add Boric Acid to provide additional negative reactivity.
Bypass -
Divert around, e.g., to dia.ahle scme autcmatic node of a system or = W eit.
Can -
Refers to possible respense of 9 ==nt.
4 Close -
Fully shut a valve preventing flow.
Energize the load side of a circuit breaker.
CrNCURRENTIX -
Carry out~ specified acticms or steps together.
PEREGM
, o mtinue -
Resume an acticm.
l Persist with a current acticm or step.
I consider -
To describe cptional actico that depend cn plant i conditions, cnly to be used when specific actions can not be given.
(boldown -
Iower the taparature of a system or =wsit.
Cycle -
Use valve (s) to control ficw by noving valve full cpen or full closed.
De-energize -
Remove all sources of electrical power.
Defeat -
Render a specified m w sit or functicn inoperable.
Depress -
Press the pushbuttcn.
Depressurize -
P=hr= the pressure in a specified systen or ccmponent.
Determine -
Decide or establish ocnclusively the cause of scue action.
Otmp2te mathematically.
l 56.
)
Drain -
Remove a liquid frtan a systan or container through a flowpath due to existing differential pressure.
Energize -
Provide a @=it or switchgear with required electrical power.
Ensure -
Verify or take nar===3'f/ appropriate actions to guarantee u w =:nt, r M ing, etc., is as specified.
Establish -
Create required conditions or state.
Exit -
To leave a pu ci tttla @en no branching is required.
Flush -
Rinse a systen or pipe using liquid.
Go 70 -
Move to a specific place.
Insert -
Place between other parts, e.g., lower ocritrol rods into the cx)re.
Isolate -
Separate systens or ocmponents using an established boundary.
Iatch -
Couple mechanical parts by means of a trip mechanism, e.g.,
crrttrol red to its drive.
rm1 -
Located at or near cperated equipnent or signal source, e.g., local tenperaturn indicatics1.
Iower -
Parhvm the state of a system by decreasing 'a parameter or its numerical value.
Maintain -
Preserve a stated cculdition.
Manual -
Ctritrol Mode in which system parameters are changed by operator action.
May -
Refers to an cperaticri which is possible, but perhaps not namaamary.
Notify -
Provide with informaticri.
Cbtain -
Find and m we for use.
Neve -
Watch a stated parameter attentively.
Open -
Positial a valve to allow full ficw.
Position a cirallt breaker to prevent the ficw of electricity to a load.
Perform -
Ib ccuplete a specific task.
PIMGM -
Carry out specified acticris or steps.
57
Purge -
Resnave gas frun a systan o* W=isit while replacing the volume removed with an alternate type of a gas.
Rack-in -
H1ysically insert a ciru11t breaker to its full-in positicut.
Rack-out -
Miysically withdraw a cirmit breaker to its "racked-out" position.
Raise -
Increase the worth or value of a parameter.
Record -
An =' mint of activity, e.g. , operator's log book, cassette tape.
Batain informaticut for future reference, e.g., write on a form.
Refer to -
Direct to a sourm of help or informatics1.
Regulate -
Ox1 trol a parameter to obtain a desired value.
Remove -
Take away, e.g. , move an object frcan one plam to another.
Repeat -
Say or do again.
Roset -
Return an autcunatic logic systen to its normal energized curlition (preactuation state) .
Restorei -
Bring back to a previous cmditical, e.g., return a wwt or systan to servia.
REIURN TO -
To go back to place of origin.
Review -
Inspect, survey.
Runback -
To rarhn plant power.
See -
To refer to a Table or Enclosure wiht in the same yv wh we.
Select -
To turn a switch to a desired positical.
Shall -
Implies mandatory requirenent.
Should -
Inplies ncsi-mandatory, preferred, or desired method.
Stabilize -
Establish cmstant cmditions.
Start -
Begin an activity.
Set into motics1.
Stop -
Cause motion or activity to N =.
Throttle -
Place a valve in an intermediate position to obtain desired 58
flow rate or pzwunni, Trip -
Activate a semi-autanatic feature of a hwst.
Use -
Put into action or service.
Vent -
Reuncrve gas frun a systant or container at a higher pressure by creating a flowpath to a systan or container of lower Pressure.
Verify -
Prove to be true, exact or accurate by <+=mrvation and ernparison.
Withdraw -
Take back or frun, e.g., raise whul rods frcan the core.
l 59
l CCSMRADE!D IJNIBGE IMEX l
Breaker Acticns Puno Actions Ihysical Acticms Close - Select De-energize Actuate Start Open Adjust Stcp Rack-in Bleed Trip Rack-<:ut Borate Reclose Bypass Trip Close Switcti Actions CNCIJRRENILY PERIUM Cbntinue Bypass Martal Actions Cboldown D e =ss Drain Insert Balance Exit Iatd1 Begin Flush Roset ctmtinua ao TO Select Determine Insert Trip Ensure Isolate Withdraw Establish Iatd1 Maintain Iower Ceserve Maintain valve Actions Refer to Notify See Open Close Stablize Perform Open Verify PIMUM Throttle Purge Reclose Ibise Miscallaneous Record Regulate Can Remove May Repeat Shall Reset .
Should Restore REIURN TO Runback Select Start Step Throttle Trip Use Vent Withdraw 60 l
l ENCICSURE 2 umDS TO AVOID 61
MEDS '10 Av01D Words used in prMwas should convey precise understaniing to the trained perscn. In scue case, certain words should be avoided simply because they are not Wataly defined when used without clarificaticn (e.g., tolerances, limits, time intervals).
About Approximately As naa/eri As required Big cold Corf::racticns (e.g. , can't, dcm't, shouldn't)
Fast Frequently High not If & Jy Initiate Iarge Little low Often Rapid Rapidly .
Slow Slowly Amn11 Utilize When m 7y I
i 62
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1 9
ENCI.IEURE 3 ACEPHD ACR30DE MO AIIREVDGIGE (Alphabetized by M )
t I
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1 63 l
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ACCEPHD ACBCEDE AIO AMEEVDTICHS I (Alphabetized by Word) )
(s) is used to denote system, may be replaced by P for punp, V for valve, T for tank (e.g. ARP, ARP, ARV) .
EED . AQ ura4/ ABBREVIATION Atriormal Prrvwhtres AP Air HandlinJ System AH(s)
Air Removal System AR(s)
Alternating Current AC An=mia m4
~
Anver== anos Assistant Nuclear Shift Supervisor ANSS Ahnnapheric Dunp Valve ADV Autcanatic Auto Anivi14 ary Aux Auxiliary Bi41dirig AB Auxiliary Steam System AS(s)
Average Avg Borated Water Storage Tank IEST Boric Acid Storage Tank BAST Boric Acid System BA(s)
Breaker Bkr Biildirig Bldg Biildirig Spray System BS(s)
Carten Dioxide CD2 Chemical Addition System CA(s)
Chenical Cleaning System CU(s)
Ciro11ating Water (Systan) CW(S)
Car m iu ate (ed) Cbnc crsmiuated Boric Acid Storage Tank CBAST 64
1 I
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Ccncentrated Wasta Storage Tank CHErr Ceridensate Denineralizer Systan CX(s)
Oxidensate Systen CD(s) 1 Control Rod Drive CRD l Ct:1 trol Rod Drive Mechanism CRm Core Flood Systan CF(s)
Counts Per Minute cpn Ccunts Pe.- Secmd cps Crystal River Unit 3 CR-3 Ox1tinued CINT'D Chief Nuclear Opeator QC nanarator Feed Tank DFT narwh Per Minute dpn Decay Heat Closed' Cycle Cooling Systen DC(s)
Decay Heat Renoval mR Decay Heat Systen m(s)
Deainera14=4 Water systen DW(s)
Domineralizar Demin Departure Fran Nucleate Boiling ENB Diesel Jacket Cboling System DJ(s)
Diesel I.ube Oil Systen DL(s)
Difference Between 'No 'nsperatures T Differential Pressuzu DP Direct OJrrent DC Dis targe Disch M c Water Systen , DD(s)
Electr,Qulic Control Systan DiC(s)
Emergercy Core Cooling Systems ECCS Emergency Diesel Generator EI;DG Emergency Feedwater (Systan) EF(S)
Emergency Feedwater Initiation and Cbntrol EFIC Emergency Feedwater Pung EFWP l
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[ 65 l -
t
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h@cf Inplananting Prmarhtru EM hwcy PWire EP Engineering Safeguartis E3 ;
Evaporator Evap I Evaporator Car m h ata Storage Tank ECST Exhaust Exh Extractim Steam (Systan) EX(S)
Extraction Steam Drain Trap EXDP Feedwater Pung Turbine FWPr Feet ft Fire Service Systaat FS(s)
Fuel Handling (Systan) m(S)
% Full Power %FP Feed Water (Systan) FW(s)
Gallas gal Gallons Par !! cur gph Gallms Per Mimte gpn e - m Radioactive Waste Release Permit GWRP Gland Steam (Systan) GS(S)
Gland Water (Systan) GW(S)
Govener Valve GV .
Hea&r Itir Heater Htr Heater Drain Systen HD(s)
Heater Vent Systan IN(s) l High Pressure HP l
l High Pressure Injectial HPI Horse Power hp Hours hrs l Hydrogen H2 l
( 66 '
_ _ ____ _ ___ . _ . _ _ _ . -_ .-- -_-. - . . . _ _ =
Inada7mte Cbre Cboling ICE Inctuts Marmry in-Hg Industrial Cboling System CI(s)
Instrtament Air (Systan) IA(S)
Instrument ard Ctmtrol 1%ctnician Shop I&C Integrated Otmtrol System ICS In*= Mate narge IR Kilovoltasperus KVA Kilovoltarperes Reactive KVAR Kilovolts KV Kilowatt 10f Laundry ard Show.r Sunp Tank ISST Isak Rate (Systan) IR(S)
Liquid Radioactive Waste Release Pemit IPHRP Lithitan Hydroxide LiCH Tmaa Parts Mcnitoring System IRE Ioss of Cbolant Accident IOCA Iow P2.m IP Iow Pressure Injectica IPI Iubricating 011 Systen ID(s)
Main Ctmtrol Board MCB Main Fer* Water Booster Pung MFWBP l
Main Steam (Systan) E(S)
Main Steam Drain Tank EDT Main Steam Isolaticn Valve EIV 67
y-,
Make-up (System) MJ(S)
Make-up Filters MJFL Make-up Hert Dechanger MJHE Man on call mC Megavars MVAR Megawatts Me Megawatts Electric M4e Megawatts Ther1nal -
Mit Mimte min Mi-11aneous Misc MLellaneous Waste Storage Tank MET Moisture Separatcc Reheater M3R lt: tor otritrol conter )cc Natural Cirt:ulaticri Nat Cire ,
Net-Positive Sucticut Head NPSH Nil.-Ductility Transition 74mperature NDP Ni' u +i N2 h orming Operating Report NCER Non-Nuclear Instrumentation 'NNI Nuclear Instrumentaticr1 NI Nuclear Regulatory mismicri NRC Nuclear Service Cooling Systan Sif(s)
Once Through Steam Generator CISG Operating PIMire OP Operations OPS Operations 74chnical Advisor CIA W O2 l
4
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Parts Per Billim l ppb j 4
Parts Per Million ppn Plant Review Ozenittee PRC Position Indication PI Pounds Per Hour lb/hr Ecunds Per Square Inch Absolute psia Pounds Per Square Irx:h Differential paid pounds per Square In:h cauge psig Power Operated Relief Valve BJRV Pressure PRESS Pressurizar PZR Public Iddress Systaa PA
~
Pressurized 'Iharmal Shock PTS Padiation Manitoring Systan PM(s)
Rated 'Iberinal Power RTP Raw Water Systma RW(S)
Ranctor Rx Mor Bd1 rib 1g RB Reactor Cbolant Bleed Tank RCBT Reactor Coolant Drain Tank RCDr .
Reactor Coolant Systen RC(s)
Reactor Protection Systen RPS i Racirullate Recirc Reheat Steam Systan RH(s)
Resistance 'resperature Det ctor RID Raivision REV Revolutions Per Mimte rpn t
Safety Pararatar Display Systen SEM Satisfactory Sat Sectrid(s) sec Sect:1dary Drains dysten SD(s)
I Secondary Services Cooling Systen
- SC(s)
[
l Shift Operaticris '1%ctnical Advisor SCTIA l
39 l
Shift Supervisor on Duty SSoo Silicone controller Rectifier Sm Sodium Hydroxide NaOH Source Range SR Spent Fuel Cboling Systen SF(s)
Standard cubic Feet Per Hour scfh Standard Cubic Feet Per Minuta scfm Standard O.abic Feet Per Second scfs Standard Technical Specifications STS Sr.andby Stby Start op Rate SUR Staticri Air System SA(s)
Sulphur Dioxide So2 Switch Gear SwcR Synttirtmize SYNC N tnician 14d1 Temperature TD4P Tenparature, Average Tavg Mrperature, clad Tulad wiperature, Cbid Iag it 14mperature, Hot Iag th j miparature Saturaticri Tsat Tureine sun ding IB l W rbine Generator System IU(s)
Wrbine Bypass Valve IBV
{
Volt V l
Volt-Anpere VA Volt-Anpheres, Reactive VAR Wasta DLpl (Systan) WD(s) l Wasta Gas (Systan) WG(s)
Wasta Gas Decay Tank , WGnr Wasta Sanpling Systen WS(s)
Work Request WR 70
O EFTME 4 G-3 ID9M PAC 2GS PIONYM EVATDGICM QEGLTSP 6
9 8
71
CR-3 W2re Evaluation ChecPJ.ist Prer=ttre Name -
Evaluation Criteria Paw #/Steo 4 l
1.0 Cautions and Notes 1.1 Notes provide only supplemental information concerning specific steps or sequence of steps (Section 3.4.6.2) 1.2 Notas in single space, mixed -
type. 'Ihe word ligte is undez-lined and omntared over the ~
nota informatim; "N" is capitalized in the word Ifate (Secticn 3.4.6.2) 1.2.1. Extend across page 1.2.2 Placed between double horizcrital lines 1.3 Notas placed imartiately beform first stap to which they apply (Section 3.4.6.2) 1.4 Notas ocupleta cm a page (Section 3.4.6.7) 1.5 No action steps in notes (Secticn 3.4.6.2) 1.6 One tcpic per nota (Secticn 3.4.6.2) 1.7 cautions address etniiticos, practices, or g -tares which are hazardous and may cause injury or rianv=
(Secti'.:n 3.4.6.1) l l -
l l
72
Evaluatim Criteria Pace #/Steo #
1.8 Cautions in sirxJ l eh,-
mixed type. h W OZti CM7FICH is typed in all capitals, underlined, arxi centered above the cauticnary informatica (Secticm 3.4.6.1) 1.8.1 Extend across page _,_
1.8.2 Placed between rows of astarisks ._
1.9 Cautiers placed innsrliately before first step to Mch they '
apply (Sectica 3.4.6.1) 1.10 Cautions ocuplete cn a page (Secticn 3.4.6.1) 1.11 No actica st@s in cautions (Sectica 3.4.6.1) 1.12 One tcpic per cautico (Section 3.4.6.1) 2.0 I.cgic Statanants (Section 3.4.5) 2.1 W.rns used as defined 2.1.1 htQ (Sectica 3.4.5.2) 2.1.2 Inclusive QB (Section 3.4.5.3) 2.1.3 Exclusive QB (Section 3.4 5.3) 73 i
\
l i
I Evaluatim Critaria Page#/Steo # !
l l
I 2.1.4 H (Sectics) 3.4.5.1) 2.1.5 IF NCrr (Section 3.4.5.1)
/
2.1.6 m (Section 3.4.5.1) 2.1.7 HgH (secticri 3.4.5.1) -
2.2 Other tems not used as logic .
terms (e.g., N1r, }Ur alone)
(Section 3.4.5) 2.3 ' DEN not used to connect steps (Sectics) 3.4.5.1) 2.4 List format rather than repeated
@ used to link 3 or more cmiiticris (Sect.im 3.4.5.2) 2.5 AtlD & 2 used together only as described
'(Sactim 3.4.5.4) 2.6 Icgic tarns aut hasized by being
, in all capital letters and underlined (Section 3.4.5) 2.7 M always used with H or MIDI (Sectim 3.4.5,1) 74
Evaluaticn Critaria Paae#/Steo #
3.0 Prococh2re Format (Secticais 3.1.1 & 3.1.2) 3.1 APs ard EPs ocritain the followirq secticris:
3.1.1 1.0 - Entry Conditiczis _,
3.1.2 2.0 - T=nardace Acticris 3.1.3 3.0 - PblionM.p Acticns 3.1.4 4.0 - Enclosures 3.2 VPs crz1tain the following secticras:
3.2.1 1.0 - Reactivity Control 3.2.2 2.0 - 75mrinal Otzitrol 3.2.3 3.0 - RadioactiW.
Inventory control ---
3.2.4 4.0 - Equipment Avai. lability 3.3 All acticx1 steps numbered uniquely and ocnmecutively using Arabic romarals (section 3.3.4) 3.4 F.irst digit of stap raneber is secticx1 r=*me .
(Sectical 3.3.4) ,
3.5 Steps rasserad CJy in both columns (Section 3.3.4) _,
3.6 Ctwar paan 3.6.1 Prrr'arkwe rs=*wr (Secticn 3.2.4)
'75
Evaluatiori Critaria Pace #/Steo #
3.6.2 1%rvisicri runnhat-(Secticri 3.2.2) 3.6.3 Revisicri date (Section 3.2.3) 3.6.4 Total # of pages iniicatad; pages rumberd of
, (Section 3.2.5) 3.6.5 Aaview & agprtwal signatures .
(Secticz) 3.2.7) 3.6.5 PWma abbreviation (Section 3.2.1) 3.6.7 PrMim title (Secticr1 3.2.6) 3.7 Entry canditicris written as a 1cgic ssquence, double spaced, and left-justified (tvction 3.2.8) 3.8 Acticris organized seqtantially accortiing to technical necessity and centrol rocan layout (Secticrt 3.4.1) 3.9 Enclocuras i .
3.9.1 Use of L1closuras is limited. and do not
- incitzle cperator c
- ticru l (Section 3.5) 3.9.2 punhered with Arabic ramarals in the order in Wdch they are refererred (Section 3.6) 76 l
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i i
Evaluation Criteria Pace #/Steo # l 3.10 Identifying infomation on I eacts page (Section 3.3.1) 3.10.1 Prwwtim abbaviation 3.10.2 Revision number & date 3.10.3 Prrvwhire rumber 3.10.4 Page number 3.10.5 Iocation of identifying infomaticrt correct 4.0 Cross-Referencing 4.1 mitiple levels of cross-referencirq avoided (Secticri 3.4.7.1) 4.2 Not used h inform tion could be presented in a frw *
(1-5) pages of text (Section 3.4.7.1) .
4.3 Ctritent & format of cross-laference (Section 3.4.7.2) 4.3.1 Step ownhar(s) where cperator is to begin are included 4.3.2 Prmwtim/secticri title included 4.3.3 Prvrwhim/secticrt number included l
l 4.3.4 GO TO used for uncrriditional exit to l
another s - -tim 77
Evaluaticr1 Criteria Page#/Steo #
4.3.5 00 10 used for sending cpert: tor to another step in tre same prmartim 4.3.6 CINCIJRRENITX P!5 GUM used for referunce or steps to be performed concurrently 4.3.7 PERPU M used for reference to be performed prior to cxmtinuting original
- r. . :.im 4.3.8 RE'IWN 70 used to return to original prrvwhim 5.0 V=hilary 5.1 Standard American English used (Section 4.1) 5.2 '14rns familin" to operators (Sectim 4.1) 5.3 Crmcrate, specific, simplest words used (Section 4.1) 5.4 Words & meanings used ocmsistently (Sectim 4.1) -
5.5 Words with enly one meaning used (Sectica 4.1) .
5.6 Vague adverbs not used (Section 4.1) 5.7 Inclusive list of words to use nhaarved I (INCL 1) l l
l 1
78
Evaluaticri critaria Page#/ Step #
5.8 List of words to avoid observed (ENCL 2) 6.0 Flow of Informaticn 6.1 Steps ocaiplete m cne page (Secticn 4.2) 6.2 Locatim of t. ables & figures (Secticn 3.3.6) 6.3 P W irns & sections begin cn a new page (Sectico 4.2) 6.4 Enclosures - ible (Section 3.3.6) 6.5 No fold-out pages (Sectica 4.2) 6.6 No page rotation *
(Section 4.2) 1 7'. 0 Abbreviations arri Acronyms 7.1 Only actmyss from actmym list used (INCL 3) 7.2 Abbrwiations and actmyms used ccrisistently (Secticn 4.3) 8.0 Symbols 8.1 Only those defined in writar's guida used
- (Sectico 4.4) 79
Egluatim Criteria Page#/Stao #
9.0 Units of Measure, Numerals, 4;.rd Tblerances 9.1 Limits expressed quantitatively (Sectics) 4.7) 9.2 Units of naamtre 9.2.1 Fa=414a" to operator (Section 4.7) 9.2.2 Cuss +d to instzunents with no ocalversims or calculaticms by cperator (Section 4.7 _
. 9.3 NLanarals (Secticn 4.7) 9.3.1 Only Arabic used 9.3.2 CLas + d to penals &
instruments 9.3.3 Use of h4= alm as specified 9.3.4 Number of significant digits as specified 9.4 Tolerances (Secticut 4.7) 9.4.1 Values required to be bounded l
9.4.2 Units waiwd to i
9.5 Pbriallas & calc:ulaticris (Section 3.3.6) 9.5.1 Used cnly Wien essential 80
Evaluation critaria Paoe#/Steo #
9.5.2 If used, assistance Prwided 10.0 Punctuaticri and Granumar 10.1 Short sentences used (Section 3.4.3) 10.2 0:splete sentences used (Sectica 3.4.3) 10.3 Inparative mode used (Secticm 3.4.3) 10.4 One idea per step (Section 3.4.3) 10.5 Applicable auxiliary verbs used for clarity of expression (Sectica 3.4.3) 10.6 No brackets or parentheses (Section 4.5) 10.7 Use of colons (Secticri 4.5) .
l 10.7.1 'Ib iniicate list 10.7.2 'Ib separate figure ard -
table nLambers frtaa titles 10.7.3 No other.use of colcris 10.8 Use of m-a=
(Secticri 4.5) i 10.8.1 'Ib separate clauses in l logic statanents l
l 81
Evaluaticm Critmeia Pace #/Steo #
10.8.2 'Ib separate W tire mmbers, titles, & step mabers in cross-references 10.8 3 'Ib separate enclosure raabers & titles in references 10.8.4 To clarify numbers of 4 or more digits 10.8.5 No other use of r= =am 10.9 .Use of periods (Secticn 4.5) 10.9.1 'Ib indicate end of an .
action step -
10.9.2 To present decimalm 10.9.3 No other use of periods 10.10 Use of quotation marks (Sectim 4.5) 10.10.1 To l y vdxn exact inforsation frta vi; d., controls, or displays 10.10.2 No other use of qtntatica marks 10.11 Use of slashes (/)
(Sectim 4.5) 10.11.1 'Ib indicate "per" in units of paneim 10.11.2 No other use of slashs I
82 l
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Evaluaticz1 Critaria Page#/ Step #
10.12 Use of hyphens (Secticr) 4.5) 10.12.1 Betvenn pr vwho type designator and number 10.12.2 In mwxt words 10.12.3 In +-6t terminology 10.12.4 In rirvision dates 10.12.5 No other use of hy#iens 10.13 Use of apoc!:Itphes (Section 4.5) 10.13.1 Tb show Im-alon 10.13.2 No othe. uses of ap-L4w s 1,0.14 Word order used that artailm miniani punctuatim uced (Section 4.5) 11.0. Dphasis Techniques 11.1 Underlining as specified (Sectim 4.8.1) 11.2 Full capitalizaticn as specified (Secticn 4.8.2) 11.3 Bold print as v ifled (Secticm 4.8.3) 11.4 Framing as specified (Section 4.8.4) 11.5 No other emphasis techniques used (e.g., full capitalizaticri in rxt.as and cautions) 83
Evaluation Critaria Pace #/StrgLi 12.0 Types of Action Steps 12.1 Verification steps (Sectica 3.4.4.1) 12.1.1 Used as defined 12.1.2 Fonnat correct 12.2 Steps of contitucus applicability (Secticn 3.4.4.2) 12.2.1 Finst appear in left-hand column at point een specified plant cmiiticos may first appear 12.2.2 Repeated cm =*=aryM pages cm facing page, in a box 12.2.3 Fonnat correct 12.3 T h depsie nt, steps (Sectica 3.4.4.2) 12.3.1 First agar at point that starts the clock 12.3.2 Direct operator to note time 12.3.3 Operators reminded with '
notas 12.3.4 Format correce.
12.4 Rewrrent staps (Sectica 3.4.4.2) 12.4.1 Frequency stated e en stap is first presented 84
Evaluation p-itada Paoe#/Steo #
12.4.2 Pbreattad as cornirrurit steps if am w1.iata 12.4.3 lbrant correct 12.5 Concurrorit steps (Sectim 3.4.4.3) 12.5.1 Used as defined 12.5.2 Pbrunt correct .
12.6 Eq.aally M le staps (Section 3.4.4.4) 12.6.1 only one altarmtive provided when several ways to achieve same goal 12.6.2 Written as conditimal staps h preferred ,
opticri depends on plant ocriditions 12.7 Diagnostic and carviitional steps (Cocticri 3.4.4.5) 12.7.1 Use logic stataments as s w ibed 12.7.2 Fonnat correct 12.7.3 Cross-reference used crily Wien necessary i
13.0 Tables / Figures / Printed Aids i
(Section 3.3.6) 13.1 Used amnrdirg to critaria 13.2 Titled & r== hared uniquely l ,
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Evaluation Critaria Page#/ Step #
13.3 Standard graphics practices used 13.4 Deproduction rewrtable/ m ials original 13.5 Units of maa=we consistent with unul room & other Procaines 13.6 Only relevant informaticn provided 13.7 Sized for readability 14.0 Loonticn Informaticn for Egiir==rit, Centzols, Displays (Section 3.4.3) 14.1 Provided for M iir it,that may be hard to find 14.2 Format correct 15.0 Placeloteping Aids (Sectica 3.3.5) 15.1 Provided in Section 3.0 (APs & EPs) 15.2 Three underlined spaces prior to first word of acticn stap (after step number) 15.3 Not used for Il g. . .M
- stataments that w riy JZ... M statements 86
Evaluation Critaria Prace#/Steo #
16.0 Word Processing Requirienents 16.1 Type size easily read from two feet under normal lighting (Sectics) 3.7.1) 16.2 Margins as speified (Sectics) 3.7.2) 16.3 '1ht within acticri steps sirxJ le spaced (Sectics) 3.7.3) 16.4 "REIURN 'IO this stap" double W-(Secticri 3.7.3) 16.5 Lists doublo PM & separated from instructions with double space (Section 3.7.3) 16.6 Chuticals and notes single W_
(Section 3.7.3) 16.7 Acticri staps separated with triple space (Secticri 3.7.3)
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l DK3.DSURE 5 VD1IFICATION AND VALIDATICH PIAN O
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Verification and Validation Plan me V & V program is a very inportant part of the useability of the EDPs.
Tb ensure the operators have a strmg confidence level in their EDPs, they nust accurately reflect all todmical aspects of the plant. No matter how careful the writor follows the Writar's Guide, the desired information may be misinterpreted by the operator. 20 best way to ensure this is through a good V&Vpaws .
Se extant of the V & V performed on each change should be looked at on a individual bases. Ctapleta rewrites should obviously be given a more extensive V & V than a enn11 technical change Due to the nature of branching in CR-3s EDP, care should be taken when small step changes are made to ensure that the branching of the other EDPs is not affected. Providing the operators with a wrmg reference is worse that giving them no referunce at all.
It is important to validata the EDPs to their fullest. This means that unitiple failure (both sequential and ocncurrent) casualties as well as single failure e aut=1 ties should be run using the EDPs. All EDPs should be used during the validaticri, including the VPs. De participants should play the roles that they hold while on shift. To help organize and ensure the validation is conducted to it's fullest potential, a subject mattar awart, and a validation hvver should be present. The subject mattar expert should ensure that the reasco for the change (s) is accouplished. The validaticn observer should look for ease of pc bre use, proper branching, proper level of detail, and should cmpile the cperators n'r==arits and make any changes, if r=,amaavy. The operators should perform the prrrwh mes like they would on a actual plant casualty, including all brand 11ng and referencing.
The V & V m - should help to ensurs:
- 1. EDPs are technically correct.
- 2. EDPs are written properly, per EDP Writer's Guide.
- 3. EDPs ammtaly reflect control rocmVplant hardware.
- 4. Invel of detail is sufficient for the different experience and training levels of the operation shifts.
- 5. Instructions in the EDPs are ccupatible with the mininum operating shift manning.
- 6. That the EDPs help the cperating shift mitigate the accidents.
Validations and verifications should be MW by the use of the EDP VALIDATICH FER4. -
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The following 'sthod are available for V & Vr Sin 11ator:
performing the ps s itms on a sin 11ator is the best method of validation available. If there are any major changes in the branching or referencing of the prnrwitrus they shculd be valide. tad on a sin 11ator. If there are any major philosophy changes they should also be tested cui a sin 11ator. In order to mavimize the benefits of a sinulator the opentions crew should consist of a normal shift as much as possible. If the validaticri is performed cn a non plent specific sin 11ator, steps that cannot be validated should be have a walk-thru cm the plants control board to ensure accuracy.
Walk-thru:
Walk-thrus are another means of V & V. Walk-thru can be performad both stap by step of a ps --itru or can be with a specific scenario to be run. 'Ihey are most useful when a normal shift performs the walk-thru, but can be performed by a single person. Walk-thru are a avr=11ent time to validate the prne-hire referenms to the control Boards ncmanclature. Walk-thrus should also validata steps that are not performed in the cxxitrol roca. Walk-thrus are the second nest desirable validation that can be perfnrnarl.
Desk 'Itp Review:
Desk-top reviews are another means to halp validate a prmachiru change. 'Ibey can be very effective if performed properly. Again the cxmpositicn of the pocple performing the rwiew is essential. The closer to having a normal shift cxzpliment of cperators perfom the zwiew, the battar. Desk-tops are a good way to trouble shoot the flow of a prmartire and to explore bettet ways to present the
'information. Beause Desk-top rwiews are not actually performad they should not be relied upon for the only means of V & V for any major revision.
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Shift Ocupliment:
As already stated, the ocoposition of the maahars performing the different reviews is a inportant part of a good V & V. thenever possible the group should ocmsist of a nomal shift ecupliment. Then a normal shift can not be used the group reviewing the prrvwitre should have the basic shift ocuplinLnt with a average experience level.
Trainirg:
'Isn any p1 c*ttm has had 'a significant change made to it, that information needs to be given to all the people that may use the prmantre. Although the methods may vary the time frame shculd be kept to a mininaan. Se g ce-ins may be given to each person for review or may be reviewed on a shift bases. The operator shculd at a mininum be provide with the change and it's technical bases at a level that the operator will understand why he is requirai to performing a certain action. The ruclear training departmant will cover all ocher EDP training requirements in their normal training pr m 4tres.
Changes charirr; validaticn:
Problems found during the V & V p m m should be treated the same as normal revisicos. Any significata changes should be made as early in the validaticm prmaan as possible, and all changes should be revalidated.
Faar# w + frtaa the participants should be straamari charing the validation.
Rwisicms to IDPs:
Revisions to the IDPs snculd be kept to a mininaan, small nia to do changes should be saved up and put into the i.,e ce-ttre when a more inportant change is wry. This is to ensure that the operators h familiar with their EDPs and harraw. proficient in their use. When a valid Mmerepancy is found in a EDP it should be corrected quickly. Any changes should be written to meet the requirusents of the Writer's Guide.
Disc:cepancy sheets should be providad to the cperators during normal sinallator requal and charing normal review of the IDPs. Any discrepancy found should be h=arited on this sheet and forwarded to the cperations engineer for resolution.
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DISCREPMCY SW2T
- EDP #:
IDP Name: ,_,
REV:
Stap 1 Amber:
Discrepancy:
9_W.icm:
Locatico dim %cy was found:
Name:
D? Yi (Forward to the Operations Ergineer)
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EOP VALIDATICH FCIM EDP #:
EDP Name:
REV:
Date:
Soape of validation (i.e. entire gh, secticn 2.0)
Validation Method: Sin 21ator Walk-thru Desk-top Review Validatico observers (optional):
Subject htter Expert (optional):
Operators (s) Involved Qualification (SIC, RO, other) e 4
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