ML20138J088
| ML20138J088 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 08/25/1995 |
| From: | Nalluswami S NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS) |
| To: | Johnson T, Kurth M NRC OFFICE OF INSPECTION & ENFORCEMENT (IE REGION III), NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS) |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20138E446 | List: |
| References | |
| FOIA-96-443 NUDOCS 9702050036 | |
| Download: ML20138J088 (1) | |
Text
.
From: Sam M. Nalluswami (SMN /thn 6J To: M K-V Lhh gBJ/l tcj, afk T TOh)tJJ0 N,kN Date: Friday, August 25, 1995 4:11
Subject:
NORSD-Site Characterization Rept-Review Tis / Mike:
I reviewed the revised final site characterization report pertaining to the southerly wastewater treatment plant and discussed over the phone with Mr.
Paul Johnson of B. Koh & Assoc. regarding some of their responses. He will get back to us with answers to my questions.
This is for your information. Sam N.
e 9702050036 970106 PDR FOIA ENGLISH96-443 PDR l .
.- - - , ~ . . . . ,
5' hY 0
ORISE OAK RIDGE INSTITUTE FOR SCIENCE AND EDUCATION September 27,1995 '~'"" ~ "'""'m'*~~>
Dr. Sam Nalluswami ;
U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ,
2 White Flint North, l Mail Stop - TWFN 7C06 i Washington, DC 20555 l
SUBJECT:
FINAL REPORT-RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAGOONS A, B, AND C-NORTHEAST OHIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT- CLEVELAND, OHIO
Dear Dr. Nalluswami:
The Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program (ESSAP) of the Oak Ridge Institute'for Science and Education (ORISE) conducted a radiological survey at the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District's (NEORSD) Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant facility in Cuyahoga Heig' hts, Ohio, during the periods of June 28-30,1993 and November 15-17,1993. The survey activities consisted of surface scans for gamma activity; exposure rate measurements; and, the analysis of soil samples collected by ,
NEORSD and ESSAP.
ESSAP received the final status survey report and supporting documentation concerning site decommissioning activities and provided a document review letter to the.NRC on March 9,1995.
Procedures and methods utilized by NEORSD were reviewed for adequacy and appropriateness.
Enclosed are five copies of the subject document with your comments incorporated. If you have any l questions or additional comments, please contact me at (432) 576-0065 or William L. (Jack) Beck at (432) 576-5031.
Sincerely, 6- . W ,
Wade C. Adams Health Physicist / Project Leader Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program WCA:kew Enclosure Far i cc. R. Uleck, NRC/NhtSS/TWFN 7F27 E. Abelquist, ORISE/ESSAP D. Tiktinsky, NRC/NhtSS/TWFN 8A23 Phf DA, NRC/NhtSS/TWFh* 8A23 hl. hicCann, NRC/ Reg III File /186 W. Beck, ORISE/ESSAP P, O BOX 117. OAK ROGE. TENNESSEE 37831 0117 3 .0 Mariaged and operosed oy Ook Rioge Associatec Univen+es for the d S Depo" ment of Energy GegeSc6 P
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ORISE 95/J-12 RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAGOONS A, B, AND C NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT i SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO i i
Prepared by l
W. C. Adams Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program Energy / Environment Systems Division Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-0117 Prepared for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Sponsored by the Division of Waste Management AUGUST 1995 FINAL REPORT This report is based on work performed under an Interagency Agreement (NRC Fin. No. A-9093) between the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Department of Energy.
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education performs complen.e itary work under contract number DE-AC05-760R00033 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
NEORSDIAGOONS A. B. and C. August 22.1995
i RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAGOON C NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO Prepared by:
C& C. V Date: Shl!97 W. C. Adams, Project I2ader Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program Reviewed by: MoJC [mcl u Date: Sh 9/Pr '
M.'J. Laudeman, Radiochemist Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program Reviewed by: vvn 7 ( M . Date: [ 31/'
9f' A. T. Payne, Administratite Services Manager, Quality Assurance / Health and Safety Manager, Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program l
Reviewed by: Date: 7/29[ff W. L. Beck, Program Director /
Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program Reviewed by: . Date:
I E Eric W. Abclquist, Project Igder Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program i
I NEOR$D.1AGOONS A, B, and C. August 22,1995
i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authbr would like to acknowledge the significant contributions of- the following staff members:
a FIELD STAFF E. H. Bjelland T. L. Bright J. M. Burton K. A. King J. L. Payne i
LABORATORY STAFF R. D. Condra !
J. S. Cox M. J. Laudeman CLERICAL STAFF D. A. Adams T. T. Claiborne R. D. Ellis K. E. Waters ILLUSTRATOR M. A. Henke T. D. Herrera E. A. Powell 4
NEORSD1AGOONS A, B, and C.Augut 22,1995
1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii List of Tables ..............................................iii Abbreviations and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Introduction and Site History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Site Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Procedures ................................................ 3 Findings and Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Comparison of Results with Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 S u m m ary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 References ...............................................34 i
l Appendices:
Appendix A: Major Instrumentation !
i i
Appendix B: Survey and Analytical Procedures i
l l
I l
l NEORSDIAGOONS A. B. and C-Auget 22,1995 ]
LIST OF FIGURES PAGE FIGURE 1: Cuyahoga County, Ohio-Location of the Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant-Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District . . . . . . . . . . . 11 FIGURE 2: Plot Plan of Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant-Location of I2 goons A, B, and C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 FIGURE 3: Plot Plan of Sanitary I2 goons A, B, and C and Associated Roadways . . . 13 FIGURE 4: Reference Grid for Lagoon A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 FIGURE 5: Reference Grid for Lagoon B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 FIGURE 6: Reference Grid for lagoon C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 FIGURE 7: NEORSD Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant-Background Measurement and Sampling Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 FIGURE 8: I2 goon C-Exposure Rate Measurement Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 FIGURE 9: Lagoon A-NEORSD Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling Locations . 19 FIGURE 10: Lagoon B-NEORSD Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling Locations . 20 FIGURE 11: Lagoon C-ESSAP Surface Soil Sampling Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 FIGURE 12: Lagoon C-NEORSD Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling Locations .
22 I
J NEOR5D.!AGOONS A, B, and C-Augwt 22.1995 $5
l LIST OF TABLES PAGE
- TABLE 1: Background Exposure Rates and Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Soil ..... 23 TABLE 2: Exposure Rate Measurements Performed on the Floor of Lagoon C ....................................... 24 TABLE 3: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Surface Soil Samples Collected from Lagoon A by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP . . . . . 25 i
TABLE 4: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Subsurface Soil Samples i
Collected from Lagoon A by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP . . . . . 28 TABLE 5: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Composite Surface Soil Samples j
Collected from lagoon B by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP . . . . . 29 j TABLE 6: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Subsurface Soil Samples Collected from Lagoon B by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP . . . . . 30
- TABLE 7
- Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Surface Soil Samples Collected from Lagoon C by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP ............... 31 4
TABLE 8: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Subsurface Soil Samples
- Collected from Lagoon C by NEORSD and Analyzed by ESSAP . . . . . 32 4
TABLE 9: Cobalt-60 Concentrations in Surface Soil Samples Collected and Analyzed by ESSAP ........................ 33 I
4 a
I i
i N00R$&tAGOONS A. B. and C-Augwt 22.1995 l'TI
i j ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers BKAI B. Koh, & Associates, Inc BKG background Co-60 Cobalt-60 cpm counts per minute
- DOE Department of Energy
] EML Environmental Measurement Laboratory EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESSAP Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program
- m meter
. R/h microroentgen per hour m2 square meter MDA minimum detectable activity Nal sodium iodide NEOFSD Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District NIST National Institute of Studards and Technology NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission l NRC-HQ Nuclear Regulatory Commission - Headquarters ORAU Oak Ridge Associated Universities ORISE Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education pCi/g picoeurie per gram PIC pressurized ionization chamber SWTP Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant
. NEOR$otAGOONS A, B, and C. August 22,1995 iv
s RADIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF LAGOONS A, B, AND C NORTIIEAST 01110 REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO INTRODUCTION AND SITE IIISTORY The Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District (NEORSD) is responsible for operating three wastewater treatment plants in and near Cleveland, Ohio. The Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant (SWTP) began operating in 1927 and removed grit and debris from the wastewater. The current process involves degritting the sludge, thickening it in a centrifuge, and thermally conditioning it before vacuum filtration and incineration. After incineration, the ash is pumped to sanitary lagoons. The former sanitary lagoons, located on the southwest portion of the plant property (South Fill Area), were taken out of service in the 1960's. The lagoons currently in use are located in the southeast portion of the SWTP property. Until approximately 5 years ago, ash from the new lagoons was used as landscaping fill material in a swampy area along the northern edge of the Southerly Plant property (North Fill Area).
An aerial gamma survey of the Cleveland, Ohio area, performed by EG&G - Energy Measurements, in April 1991, identified several areas of elevated gamma radiation at the I
Southerly Plant.8 These areas included the South Fill Area, the sanitary lagoons now in use, and the North Fill Area. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) conducted a site survey of the Southerly Plant and identified Cobalt-60 (Co-60) as the primary contaminant.2 In September 1991 and March 1992, at the request of the NRC, the Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program (ESSAP) of Oak Ridge Associated Universities / Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORAU/ORISE) conducted a radiological characterization survey of the affected outdoor areas at the Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant.3 The survey consisted of gamma surface scans, exposure rate measurements, and the determination of Co-60 concentrations in surface and subsurface soil samples, sediment samples, and water samples.
NIDRSD 1AGOONS A. B. ead C-August 22,1995
~_
The survey identified the presence of Co-60 in all areas surveyed. In the sanitary lagoons area, Co-60 activity was identified in the south and middle lagoons. The Co-60 was not uniformly distribated in the soil, but, rather, was in the form of small, isolated particles or flakes of contaminated material. Survey results did not indicate any elevated direct radiation or Co-60 activity in the necth lagoon; however, a thorough survey could not be performed due to access i
limitations caused by the water present. The north, middle, and south lagoons have since been '
designated A, B, and C, respectively.
During the month of June 1993, remedial activities and final-status surveys of Lagoon C were i i
conducted by NEORSD's remedial action contractor, B. Koh & Associates, Inc. (BKAI). The Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested technical assistance from ESSAP to perform an independent radiological survey to evaluate the radiological status of the remediated Lagoon C area at the NEORSD's Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant. An interim radiological survey j report for the survey activities conducted by ESSAP for L.agoon C was submittui to the NRC on October 29,1993.'
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the ESSAP of the ORISE perform an independent radiological confirmatory survey oflagoons A and B, and the lagoon access roads i at the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District Southerly Wastewater Trentment Plant. This report summarizes the procedures and results of the radiological surveys conducted by ESSAP in June 1993 and November 1993.
SITE DESCRIPTION The Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant is located on a site of approximately 88 hectares (217 acres) in the Village of Cuyahoga Heights, south of Cleveland, Ohio (Figure 1). The Sanitary 12 goon Area consists of approximately 65,000 m2 in the southeast section of the plant property with access from Canal Road. The lagoon area is bordered on the east and north by the Ohio Canal, to the south by the Cuyahoga River, and to the west by the former sludge lagoons (South Fill Area). A newly installed chain link fence, to limit public access, encircles the Sanitary Lagoons and South Fill Areas (Figure 2).
stonmucoons A. n. .a c A. u. ms 2
,=- . . _- . .- --- - _ _ , . - - - _ _ . - - _ .
l The Sanitary Lagoons Area consists of 3 lagoons, designated A, B, and C for identification purposes; A being the northernmost and C the southernmost. Lagoon A is approximately 20,000 nf2.128oons B and C are approximately 16,000 m2 each. Alllagoons are about 4 meters at the deepest location and contain clay liners. A gravel and dirt road encircles each lagoon (Figure 3).
At the time of the ESSAP radiological survey, the lagoons had been excavated down to the clay liner. Some standing water was present in small pools on the bottom of the lagoons.
OBJECTIVES The objective of the radiological survey was to develop independent radiological data for use by the NRC in evaluating the adequacy and accuracy of NEORSD data.
PROCEDURES DOCUMENT REVIEWS ESSAP reviewed the site characterization survey plan and final radiological survey reports for i
accuracy, completeness, and compliance with guidelines." Letters providing comments based l l
on these reviews were submitted to the NRC on June 28,1993, November 2,1993, May 10, 1994, and March 9,1995."'
SURVEY PROCEDURES l
During the period of June 28 30,1993, ESSAP performed a radiological survey of Lagoon C i
at the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District's Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant.
, Radiological survey activities included surface scans for gamma activity, exposure rate measurements, and soil sampling. Due to the necessity of returning Lagoon C to operation to avoid overflow of Lagoons A and B, the ESSAP radiological survey was conducted in part and I in conjunction with the final stages of the remediation contractors final-status surveys. The NEOR541AGOONS A. B and C August 22,1995 3
. .. - - - - - - - - - ~
survey was performed in accordance with a plan dated June 11,1993, submitted to and approved t
by the NRC.i2 However, at the request of NEORSD, and in agreement with the NRC, ESSAP '
did not cdllect surface or subsurface soil from the Lagoon C floor, or subsurface soil from the berm, in an effort to minimize effects to the structural integrity of the clay liner.
During the period of November 15-17,1993, ESSAP performed radiological surveys of Lagoons i A, B, and the lagoon access roads at NEORSD. Radiological survey activities were conducted in accordance with a survey plan dated November 8,1993, which was submitted to and 1 approved by the NRC. However, due to site conditions, ESSAP's survey activities were limited during the site visit and the survey procedures were modified to include analysis of soil samples previously collected by NEORSD.
Modifications to the June 1993 and November 1993 survey plans were approved by the NRC site representative and are documented by ESSAP in the site logbook. A typical confirmatory survey consists of surface scans, exposure rate measurements, and the collection and analysis of soil samples. Due to NEORSD requests to protect the structural integrity of the clay liner and poor weather conditions during the site visits, the emphasis of the survey shifted, with concurrence from the NRC site representative, to a survey that relied heavily on ESSAP analysis of soil samples previously collected by NEORSD. As part of the proposed survey activities, before modifications, ESSAP had randomly selected grid blocks and subsurface sampling locations froni which ESSAP was to collect soil samples. With NRC concurrence, ESSAP requested that NEORSD provide soil samples from those areas where ESSAP had planned to collect samples. In some cases, the soil samples analyzed by ESSAP were the same samples ,
analyzed by NEORSD. In other cases, the soil samples analyzed by ESSAP were the excess soil, collected by NEORSD, from previously sampled locations.
Because the clay liner of Lagoon A had been replaced with new material, after consultation with
, the NRC site representative, it was agreed that surface scans of the floor of Lagoon A would not be conducted as part of the survey activities. Also, as part of the survey activities ESSAP was to perform exposure rates within lagoons A, B, and C; however, due to poor weather NEOR5DLAGOON5 A, B, and C. August 22,1995 4
l conditions and with NRC concurrence, ESSAP did not perform exposure rate measurements within lagoons A and B.
REFERENCE GRID l The existing 10 m x 10 m grid, established by NEORSD, was used by ESSAP for survey 1 reference (Figures 4,5, and 6).
1 SURFACE SCANS Gamma surface scans were conducted at I to 2 meter intervals over 100% of the lagoon roadways and accessible lagoon floors and berms for Lagoons B and C, using Nal gamma scintillation detectors coupled to ratemeters with audible indicators locations of elevated direct radiation, suggesting the presence of surface or near surface contamination, were identified for further investigation.
l l EXPOSURE RATE MEASUREMENTS 1
i Background exposure rate measurements were previously obtained at 8 locations within 8 km (5 miles) of NEORSD's SWTP (Figure 7).'
l Exposure rate measurements were performed at 20 locations on the floor of Lagoon C (Figure 8). All exposure rates wem '3easured at 1 m above the excavated ground surface using l
a pressurized ionization chamber (PIC) or a NaI scintillation detector calibrated against a PIC !
at the site. i SOIL SAMPLING l
Surface soil samples from 15 grid blocks were selected from Lagoon A and 16 grid blocks were selected from Lagoon B. Additionally,20 subsurface soil samples, representing 10 subsurface sampling locations each from Lagoons A and B (2 subsurface soil samples from each sampling NEORSDIAGOONS A. D. and C August 22.1995 5
location for a total of 40 subsurface soil samples), were sent to ESSAP for analysis. Sampling locations are referenced on Figures 9 and 10.
Surface soil samples were collected by ESSAP from 10 locations on the Lagoon C berm (Figure 11). Twenty-three surface and 10 subsurface soil samples, collected from the floor and berm by NEORSD, were shipped to ESSAP for analyses. These sample locations are indicated on Figure 12.
SAMPLE ANALYSIS AND DATA INTERPRETATION Soil samples and survey data collected by ESSAP were returned to the ESSAP Oak Ridge laboratory for analyses and interpretation. Selected soil samples collected by NEORSD were I also provided to the ESSAP laboratory. All soil samples were analyzed by gamma spectrometry, j Spectra were reviewed for Co-60 and any other identifiable photopeaks. Soil sample results were reported in units of picoeuries per gram (pCi/g). Exposure rate measurements, performed using NaI gamma scintillation detectors, were converted to microroentgens per hour ( R/h);
exposure rate measurements performed using the PIC were reported directly in pR/h values.
Additional information conceming major instrumentation, sampling equipment, and analytical procedures is provided in Appendices A and B.
FINDINGS AND RESULTS DOCUMENT REVIEW ESSAP's review of the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District's final radiological survey plan and final radiological survey data for the SWTP identified several deficiencies in the documents.
1 These deficiencies, which included concerns regarding how the guidelines were applied, were ,
provided to the NRC in four previous correspondences.'"
i i
NEOR5DLAGOONS A. B. and C-August 22.1993 6
SURVEY RESULTS Surface scans Gamma surface scans of the floor and berm of12 goon B identified 6 locations of elevated direct radiation. No additional remediation was performed at these locations by NEORSD while ESSAP was on-site.
l Gamma surface scans of the floor and berm of Lagoon C identified 22 locations of elevated direct radiation. Additional remediation was performed at these locations by NEORSD.
Post-remedial action scans, performed by ESSAP, did not identify any areas of elevated direct radiation.
Surface scans for gamma activity, along the access roads for the sanitary lagoons, identified one area of elevated direct radiation along the west side of Lagoon C. No additional remediation was performed at this location by NEORSD while ESSAP was on-site.
Exposure Rates Background exposure rates, performed during ESSAP characterization activities, averaged 9 pR/h; results are presented in Table 1.8 Background exposure rates from another previous ESSAP survey in the Cleveland area averaged 10 R/h." The results are in agreement with the 10 R/h background, determined by NEORSD.' I I
Exposure rate measurements performed in Lagoon C, presented in Table 2, ranged from !
11 pR/h to 14 R/h.
l i
l' l
NEORSMAGOONS A. B, and C August 22, IMS 7 i
Co-60 Concentration in Soil Samples i
- Backgrodnd Concentrations -
t Background concentrations of Co-60, measured in soil collected during ESSAP characterization activities, were all <0.2 pCi/g; results are presented in Table 1.8 lagoon A Concentrations Results of Co-60 concentrations in surface and subsurface soil samples from Lagoon A, collected i I
by NEORSD and analyzed by ESSAP, are presented in Tables 3 and 4. Grid block surface soil ;
samples were collected from 4 locations within each grid block. Each of the four grid block samples was analyzed individually and the results averaged to determine grid block activity. l Individual surface soil samples from grid blocks ranged from <0.1 to 11.2 pCi/g; grid block averages ranged from <0.1 to 3.2 pCi/g. Subsurface soil samples were analyzed individually and concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 0.3 pCi/g.
Lagoon B Concentrations I Results of Co-60 concentrations in surface and subsurface soil samples from Lagoon B, collected by NEORSD ind analyzed by ESSAP, are presented in Tables 5 and 6. Grid block surface soil samples were collected from 4 locations within each grid block. The 4 samples were then composited for analysis to determine average grid block activity. The composite surface soil samples from the grid blocks ranged from <0.1 to 1.5 pCi/g. Subsurface soil samples were analyzed individually and concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 0.4 pCi/g. I Lagoon C Concentrations l I
Results of Co-60 concentrations in surface and subsurface soil samples from Lagoon C, collected l 1
by NEORSD and analyzed by ESSAP, are presented in Tables 7 and 8. Individual surface soil sample concentrations ranged from <0.1 to 3.3 pCi/g; subsurface soil sample concentrations wrmsmGOONS A, B, mM C-AgW 22. W 8
. l ranged from <0.1 to 0.4 pCi/g. Co-60 concentrations in surface soil samples, collected and analyzed by ESS P, are presented in Table 9. The results ranged from 0.1 to 2.3 pCi/g.
COMPARISON OF RESULTS WITH GUIDELINES The NRC exposure rate guideline for this site is 10 R/h above background." Background exposure rates ranged from 6 to 11 R/h and averaged 9 pR/h; exposure rates in Lagoon C ranged from 11 to 14 R/h. There were no locations in Lagoon C that exceeded the guideline
}
value.
2 The average Co-60 concentration guideline value for a 100 m (10 m x 10 m) grid area, established as acceptable by the NRC for this site, is 8 pCi/g. The maximum limit for Co-60 soil concentration at any location is three times the average guideline value (24 pCi/g)." " None of the surface and subsurface soil samples, analyzed by ESSAP, exceeded these guidelines.
SUMMARY
2 At the request of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program of the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education conducted a radiological survey of Lagoon C at the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District Southerly l Wastewater Treatment Plant in Cleveland, Ohio during June 1993 and Lagoons A and B during November 1993. The surveys included gamma surface scans, exposare rate measurements, and the determination of Co-60 concentrations in surface and subsurface soil. !
Surface scans were not performed in Lagoon A since the original clay liner had been replaced. l Exposure rates were not performed in Lagoons A and B due to site conditions at the time of the survey.
During surface scans ofI.agoon B and the access roads (from November 15 to 17,1993), ESSAP marked locations of elevated activity and NEORSD/BKAI employees were to remediate the areas while ESSAP was on-site. Surface scans identified six areas of elevated radiation in Lagoon B xmamMGOONS A, B. W C-Agw 22. M5 9
and one location along the access road on the west side of Lagoon C. However, during the period that these scans were performed, heavy rains prevented the NEORSD/BKAI employees l from im/hediately remediating the elevated areas. Due to the site conditions and the extended j l
forecast predictions and with the concurrence of the NRC, modifications to the original survey plan were made at the site which put more emphasis on ESSAP analysis of NEORSD collected soil samples. Therefore, the ESSAP survey team discontinued its survey activities after
~
completing the surface scans, and remedial actions for these areas were not performed while ESSAP was on-site. A review of the final report does not indicate if these specific areas were remediated.
i Surface scans during the period of June 28 to 30,1993, identified 22 locations of elevated direct l
radiation in Lagoon C. After additional remediation was performed by NEORSD, ESSAP did !
not identify any other areas of elevated direct radiation. After remediation activities, all exposure rate measurements were within guideline levels for lagoon C.
t l
All soil samples analyzed by ESSAP from Lagoons A, B, and C were within the site specific ,
I guidelines. Only one sample was above the average concentration of 8 pCi/g but this sample l
(11.2 pCi/g) was less than the individual maximum guideline of 24 pCi/g. i As mentioned in the ESSAP comment letter on May 10,1994, ESSAP activities only addressed :
12 goons A, B, and C, and the immediately adjacent areas. ESSAP is unfamiliar with the survey activities that were conducted within other areas (i.e., the North and South Fill Areas on the Contractor Laydown Area) which are addressed in the final status report.
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+ - - , - . . - - - - - + -
+--+--+--+--+
lEl IE j l ! - l p/ N lE +---+--+- /+- V 30s W i <! l OE 20E 40E 60E 80E 100E 120E 140E 160E 180E 200E 220E 240E 1 1 1 1 N SAMPLING LOCATIONS h E SURFACE Soll SAMPLE ROADWAY h FEET M SUBSURFACE SAMPLES o 60 M i 0 20 METERS RGURE 12: Lagoon C - NEORSD Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling Locations NIDRSDLAGOONS A. B. amt C-August 22. IM5 22
. .- a TABLE 1 BACKGROUND EXPOSURE RATES AND COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO Location, Exposure Rate Co-60 Concentration at 1 m ( R/h) (pCi/g)b 1 0.5 km North 6 < 0.1 2 4.5 km North Northwest 9 < 0.1 3 3.0 km Northeast 11 0.1 0.1 4 8.0 km Southeast 9 0.1 i 0.1 5 5.0 km South 11 < 0.1 6 6.0 km Southwest 8 < 0.1 1
7 5.5 km West 9 < 0.2 l 8 6.0 km Northwest 9 < 0.1
- Refer to Figure 7.
b Uncertainties represent the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. NEORSDLAGOONS A, B, and C August 22,1995 23
l TABLE 2 EXPOSURE RATE MEASUREMENTS I PERFORMED ON TIIE FLOOR OF LAGOON C I NORTIIEAST 01110 REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT ! CLEVELAND, OIIIO ! Location
- Exposure Rate at I m l
Above Surface (pR/h) ' 45E, 45N 12 45E,SS 12 55E,45N 13 62E, 20S 14 75E,15N 11 75E, 45N 12 75E, 25S 12 105E, 35S 11 115E, 5N 11 115E, 25S 12 135E, 30N 14 135E, 35N 12 150E, 5N 12 155E, 35S 12 165E, 20S 11 175E, 25N 13 175E, 35N 12 195E,15S 11 205E, 25N 12 220E,10N 13
- Refer to Figure 8.
NEOR5& LAGOONS A, B. and C-August 22.1995 24
TABLE 3 I
, COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON A BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP
, NORTIIEAST 01110 REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT )
SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND,01I10 Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b Grid Block / Location" Individual Sample Grid Block Average 18 83E, 253N 0.5 0.2 j 83E, 258N 0.3 0.1 88E, 253N 1.0 0.2 88E, 258N 0.5 0.2 i Average 0.6 24 73E, 243N < 0.1 l 73E, 248N 0.2 0.1 78E, 243N < 0.1 78E,248N 0.4 0.1 Average 0.2 34 103E, 233N 0.8 i 0.2 103E, 238N 0.3 i 0.1 I 108E, 233N 0.4 0.1 108E, 238N 0.4 0.2 Average 0.5 45 1335, 223N 0.6 i 0.1 133E, 228N 0.4 0.2 138E, 223N 0.1 t 0.1 138E, 228N 0.1 0.1 Average 0.3 48 73E, 213N 0.1 0.1 73E, 218N < 0.1 78E, 213N 1.2 0.2 78E, 218N 11.2 0.5 i Average 3.2
, swr $&MGOONS A. D. emi C Agwt 22. Ins 25
i TABLE 3 (Continued) COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON A BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP ,
, NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO !
Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b Grid Block / Location" Individual Sample Grid Block Average ! 66 153E, 203N 0.1 i 0.1 153E,208N < 0.2 158E, 203N 0.1 i 0.1 158E, 208N < 0.1 : Average 0.1 75 133E,193N 0.1 0.1 133E,198N 0.4 i 0.1 138E,193N 0.5 i 0.2 138E,198N 0.4 0.2 Average 0.4 80 73E,183N 0.2 i 0.1 73E,188N < 0.3 78E,183N 0.7 i 0.2 78E,188N 0.5 t 0.2 Average 0.4 103 183B,173N < 0.1 183E,178N < 0.1 188E,173N < 0.1 188E,178N < 0.1 Average < 0.1 106 83E,163N 0.3 0.2 83E,168N 1.0 0.2 88E,163N 0.3 0.1 L 88E,168N 0.8 0.2 Average 0.6
- stoast>ucooss A. a. a c-4. n. ms 26
TABLE 3 (Continued)
- COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON A BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP
, NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO Grid Block / Location
- Individual Sample Grid Block Average 113 153E,163N < 0.2 153E,168N < 0.2 158E,163N 0.2 0.2 158E,168N < 0.2 Average 0.2 118 73E,153N < 0.1 73E,158N 0.2 0.2 78E,153N <0.1 78E,158N 0.4 i 0.1 Average 0.2 121 103E,153N 0.1 0.1 103E,158N 0.3 i 0.1 108E.153N 0.5 0.2 108E,158N <0.1 Average 0.3 137 14311,143N 0.1 0.1 143E,148N < 0.2 148E,143N < 0.2 148E,148N < 0.2 Average < 0.2 148 193E,133N < 0.1 193E,138N < 0.2 198E,133N 0.2 0.2 198E.138N 0.1 0.1 Average < 0.2
- Refer to Figure 9. ;
6 Uncertainties represent the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. . xmR$DMGOONS A. D. ad C-Agw M. M5 27
TABLE 4 i COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SUBSURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON A BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND,01110 Grid Cell / Location'/ Depth Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)h 1 90E, 290N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 1 90E, 290N 15-30 cm 0.2 0.2 3 110E, 270N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 3 110E, 270N 15-30 cm 0.2 t 0.2 15 130E, 210N 0-15 cm 0.3 i 0.2 15 130E, 210N 15-30 cm 0.2 i 0.2 24 90E,170N 0-15 cm 0.3 i 0.1 24 90E,170N 15-30 cm 0.1 0.1 25 110E,170N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 25 110E,170N 15-30 cm 0.1 i 0.1 27 150E,170N 0-15 cm < 0.1 27 150E,170N 15-30 cm < 0.1 30 .90E,150N 0-15 cm < 0.3 30 90E,150N 15 30 cm < 0.1 32 130E,150N 0-15 cm < 0.2 l 32 130E,150N 15-30 cm 0.2 0.2 33 150E,150N 0-15 cm < 0.2 33 150E,150N 15-30 cm 0.2 i 0.2 l 34 170E,150N 0-15 cm < 0.2 ! 34 170E,150N 15-30 cm < 0.2
' Refer to Figure 9.
b Uncertainties represents the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. I m unuowss4.s.a c.4.,in.ms 28
TABLES + COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS LN COMPOSITE SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON B BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO Grid Block Location
- Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b 11 <0.1 25 < 0.2 36 < 0.1 52 0.3 0.1 58 < 0.1 60 < 0.2 68 1.3 0.2 69 1.5 0.2 89 1.4 0.2 93 1.4 0.2 102 0.5 i 0.1 105 1.0 i 0.2 111 0.7 i 0.1 113 0.9 i 0.2 116 < 0.1 138 0.3 0.1
- Refer to Figure 10.
h UDCertainties represents the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. swn >ucooxs 4. s. w c.A .n. ms 29
TABLE 6 COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SUBSURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON B BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND, OIIIO Grid Cell / Location */ Depth Co-60 Concentration (pCl/g)b 1 60E,130N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 1 60E,130N 15-30 cm < 0.3 3 100E,130N 0-15 cm < 0.3 3 100E,130N 15-30 cm < 0.2 15 80E, 90N 0-15 cm 0.3 0.3 15 80E, 90N 15-30 cm <0.3 24 80E, 70N 0-15 cm < 0.2 24 80E, 70N 15-30 cm < 0.2 25 100E, 70N 0-15 cm 0.1 0.1 i 25 100E, 70N 15-30 cm < 0.1 27 140E, 70N 0-15 cm 0.4 i 0.2 27 140E, 70N 15-30 cm 0.2 i 0.2 30 200E, 70N 0-15 cm < 0.3 j 30 200E, 70N 15-30 cm <0.2 32 240E, 70N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 32 240E, 70N 15-30 cm 0.2 0.2 _ 33 160E, 50N 0-15 cm 0.2 0.2 33 160E, 50N 15-30 cm 0.2 0.2 34 180E, 50N . 0-15 cm 0.3 0.3 34 180E, 50N 15-30 cm 0.4 0.4
' Refer to Figure 10.
b Uncertainties represents the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. MOMDMGOONS A. B. W C-Ase M. W5 30
. _ . .- - . _ ~ .. - __ _ .-
TABLE 7 COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS
- IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON C BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTIIEAST OIIIO REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND,01110 Location" Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b Surface Samples (0-15 cm) 35E, SN 1.3 i 0.2 45E,SS 0.5 i 0.1 l SSE,ISS 0.1 i 0.1 SSE, SS 1.3 0.2 i 65E,15N 0.1 i 0.1 65E, SS 1.0 i 0.1 85E, 25S < 0.1 95E, 35S 2.0 0.2 1052,15N 1.6 0.2 105E,25N 1.5 i Q.2 105E, SN 1.5 i 0.2 105E, 35S 0.2 i 0.1 115E, 25N 1.0 0.2 125E,5S 1.4 i 0.2 125E, 25N 1.2 i 0.2 135E,15N 0.8 i 0.2 135E, 35N 0.6 0.2 I
145E, 5S 0.8 0.2 75E, 25S 1.1 0.2 185E, 5N 1.4 0.3 205E, SN 2.1 i 0.3 215E, SN 0.6 i 0.1 115E, 35N 3.3 i 0.4 1
"!(efer to Fi3ure 12.
' Uncertainties represent the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. j l
NEORSRI.AGOONS A. B. ad C.Agut 22, im 31
l TABLE 8 l COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS IN SUBSURFACE SOIL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM LAGOON C BY NEORSD AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTIIEAST 01110 REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT l CLEVELAND,01110 Location */ Depth Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b 90E,10N (15-30 cm) 0.1 i 0.1 l 90E,30N (0-15 cm) < 0.1 l 110E,30S (15-30 cm) 0.1 0.1 l 110E, 30N (0-15 cm) 0.1 0.1 150E,10N (15-30 cm) < 0.1 190E,10N (0-15 cm) 0.4 0.1 230E,20N (0-15 cm) 0.2 t 0.1 210E, 30N (0-15 cm) < 0.1 70E,50N (0-15 cm) 0.1 i 0.1 50E,30N (0-15 cm) 0.4 i 0.1
' Refer to Figure 12.
b Uncertainties represents the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. l 1 nonnucoons 4. n. w c.a... 22. was 32
TABLE 9 COBALT-60 CONCENTRATIONS , IN SURFACE SOIL SAMPLES FROM LAGOON C COLLECTED AND ANALYZED BY ESSAP NORTiiEAST 01110 REGIONAL SEWER DISTRICT SOUTIIERLY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT CLEVELAND,01110 - Location" Co-60 Concentration (pCi/g)b 45E,SS 2.3 i 0.3 75E, 25S 0.7 i 0.1 105E, 35S 0.2 i 0.1 155E, 35S 2.2 0.3 195E,ISS 0.1 t 0.1_ 205E,25N 0.2 i 0.1 175E 35N 0.5 0.1 135E, 35N 0.5 0.1 75E, 45N 0.6 0.1 45E,45N 1.4 i 0.2
' Refer to Figure 11.
b Uncertainties represent the 95% confidence level, based only on counting statistics. l r Qe . r r NEORSD-LAGOONS A, B, and C-Augum 22.1995 32 l L
REFERENCES
- 1. "Acrial Radiological Survey of the Former Chemetron Factory Site Surrounding Area,"
EGdG Energy Measurements, April 1992.
- 2. " Distribution of Cobalt-60 at Southerly Treatment Plant Fact Sheet," Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, September 1992.
l
- 3. " Radiological Characterization Survey for Selected Outdoor Areas, Northeast Ohio Regional l Sewer District, Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant, Cleveland, Ohio," B. M. Smith, l Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, August 1992. j
- 4. " Interim Radiological Survey of 12 goon C, Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant, Cleveland, Ohio," W. C. Adams, and J. L. Payne, Oak Ridge Insti.ute for Science and Education, October 1993.
- 5. " Final Radiological Status Survey Plan, Ash Lagoon Remediation Project, Northeast Ohio !
Regional Sewer District, Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio, June 1993, Revision 0," B. Koh & l Associates, Inc., June 1993.
- 6. " Final Radiologicai Status Survey Plan, Ash Lagoon Remediation Project, Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio," B. Koh & Associates, Inc., Revision 1, July 1993.
- 7. Final Status Report for Decommissioning, Ash Lagoon Remediation Project - Northeast l Ohio Regional Sewer District, Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio - Revision 1, February 1995," B.
Koh & Associates, Inc., February 1995.
- 8. Letter from M. R. Landis (ORISE) to Dr. Nalluswami (NRC-HQ), RE: " Final Radiological Status Survey Plan, Ash Lagoon Remediation Project, Northeast Ohio Regional l Sewer District, Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio, June 1993, Revision 0," Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education /ESSAP, June 28,1993.
- 9. Letter from W. C. Adams (ORISE) to Dr. Nalluswami (NRC-HQ), RE: " Data Review-Data from Final Survey of the Ash Settling Lagoons at the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District (NEORSD), Cleveland, Ohio," Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education /ESSAP, November 2,1993.
- 10. Letter from W. Adams (ORISE) to Dr. Nalluswami (NRC-HQ), RE: " Final Status Report for Decommissioning Ash Lagoon Remediation Project - Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District - Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio - March 1994," Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education /ESSAP, May 10, 1994.
I1. Letter from W. Adams (ORISE) to Dr. Nalluswami (NRC-HQ), RE: " Final Status Report , for Decommissioning, Ash Lagoon Remediation Project - Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, Cuyahoga Heights, Ohio - Revision 1, February 1995 [RFTA No. 92-93]," Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education /ESSAP, March 9,1995. mnast>ucoass A. n. .a c A -22. ms 34
REFERENCES (Continued)
- 12. "Ra8iological Survey Pian for Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant," M. R.12ndis, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, June 11, 1993.
- 13. " Confirmatory Survey Plan for Lagocas A and B, Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, Southerly Wastewater Treatment Plant, Cleveland, Ohio," W. C. Adams, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, November 8,1993.
- 14. " Confirmatory Radiological Survey of an Industrial Dump Site, Chemetron Corporation, Newburgh Heights, Ohio," Radiological Site Assessment Program, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, August 1988.
- 15. Personal Communication, Tim Johnson, NRC/HQ and Michele Landis, ORISE, June 10,1993.
- 16. " Manual for Conducting Radiological Surveys in Support of License Termination," Draft NUREG/CR-5849, J.D. Berger, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, June 1992.
1 I l i i I NEORSMAGOONS A. B, and C. August 22,1995 35 i
,--r - - . - - - - _ _ --- _ _ . -
. o APPENDIX A MAJOR INSTRUMENTATION 1
1 l i 1 s 1 1 l NEOR31>LA000N3 A. B. and C-Augut 22,1995 f
1
. 1 APPENDIX A l 1
MAJOR INSTRUMENTATION The display of a specific product is not to be construed as an endorsement of the product or its i manufacturer by the authors or their employer. I DIRECT RADIATION MEASUREMENT InstrumtDIS Eberline Pulse Ratemeter Model PRM-6 (Eberline, Santa Fe, NM) Reuter-Stokes Pressurized Ionization Chamber Model RSS-111 i (Reuter-Stokes, Cleveland, OH) l l Victorcen NaI Scintillation Detector i Model 489-55 3.2 cm x 3.8 cm Crystal ) (p Victorcen, Cleveland, OH) l l LABORATORY ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION High Purity Extended Range Intrinsic Detectors Model No: ERVDS30-25195 l (Tennelec, Oak Ridge, TN) Used in conjunction with: Lead Shield Model G-11 (Nuclear 12ad, Oak Ridge, TN) and Multichannel Analyzer 3100 Vax Workstation (Canberra, Meriden, CT) High-Purity Germanium Detector Model GMX-23195-S,23% Eff. (EG&G ORTEC, Oak Ridge, TN) Used in conjunction with: Lead Shield Model G-16 (Gamma Products, Palos Hills, IL) and Multichannel Analyzer 3100 Vax Workstation (Canberra, Meriden, CT) , sr.onst>ucooss A. a, w c-Ag-22 ms A-1
APPENDIX B SURVEY AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES l l l 1 i i l l l J i l
., NEOR5D1AGOONS A, B, and C August 22,1995 L
9
APPENDIX. B SURVEY AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES SURVEY PROCEDURES Surface Scans Surface scans were performed by passing the probes slowly over the surface; the distance between the probe and the surface was maintained at a minimum. Identification of elevated levels was based on increases in the audible signal from the recording and/or indicating instrument. Nal scintillation detectors coupled with ratemeters were used for gamma scans. Exoosure Rate Measurements Measurements of gamma exposure rates were performed using a pressurized ionization chamber l (PIC) or Nal scintillation detectors coupled to portable ratemeters. Count rates for the NaI scintillation detectors were converted to exposure rates ( R/h) by cross-comparison with a l pressurized ionization chamber (PIC). Gamma scintillation detectors were used for measuring total gamma radiation levels at locations which were difficult to access with the PIC. These detectors were calibrated against the PIC by determining scintillation instrument count rates in exposure rate ' fields representative of site conditions. The range of exposure rates encountered at the site was relatively narrow, only differing by a few R/h. Rather than attempting to develop a calibration curve based on such a limited number of data points, a single calibration factor of 2.55 pR/h per 1,000 counts per minute was determined. This calibration factor was then used to convert gamma scintillation measurements to exposure rates. Soil Sampline Approximately 1 kg of soil was collected at each sampling location. Collected samples were placed in plastic bags, sealed, and labeled in accordance with ESSAP survey procedures. stoaso4.acoows 4. s. and C. August 22.1995 B-1
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES Gamma hectrometry Soil samples were dried, mixed, crushed, and/or homogenized as necessary, and a portion sealed in 0.5-liter Marinelli beaker or other appropriate container. The quantity placed in the beaker was chosen to reproduce the calibrated counting geometry and ranged from 560 to 800 g of material. Net material weights were determined and the samples counted using intrinsic germanium detectors coupled to a pulse height analyzer system. Background and Compton stripping, peak search, peak identification, and concentration c*ulations were performed using the computer capabilities inherent in the analyzer systera. The energy peak used for determination of the radionuclide of concern was 1.173 MeV for Co-60. Spectra were also reviewed for other identifiable photopeaks. i UNCERTAINTIES AND DETECTION LIMITS The uncertainties associated with the analytical data presented in the tables of this report i represent the 95% confidence level for that data. These uncertainties were calculated based on l both the gross sample count levels and the associated background count levels. Additional uncertainties, associated with sampling and measurement procedures, have not been propagated into the data presented in this report. j Detection limits, referred to as minimum detectable activity (MDA), were based on 2.71 plus 4.66 times the standard deviation of the background count [2.71+(4.66/BKG)]. When the activity was determined to be less than the MDA of the measurement procedure, the result was reported as less than MDA. Because of variations in background levels, measurement efficiencies, and contributions from other radionuclide in samples, the detection limits differ from sample to sample and instrument to instrument. e .
- N .
b CALIBRATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE Calibrati6n of all field and laboratory instrumentation was based on standards / sources, traceable to NIST, when such standards / sources were available. In cases where they were not available, standards of an industry recognized organization were used. Calibration of pressurized ionization chambers was performed by the manufacturer. Analytical and field survey activities were conducted in accordance with procedures from the following documents of the Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program: Survey Procedures Manual, Revision 7 (May 1992)
. Laboratory Procedures Manual, Revision 7 (April 1992) and Revision 8 (August 1993)
Quality Assurance Manual, Revision 5 (May 1992) and Revision 6 (July 1993) The procedures contained in these manuals were developed to meet the requirements of DOE Order 5700.6C and ASME NQA-1 for Quality Assurance and contain measures to assess processes during their performance. Quality control procedures include: e Daily instrument background and check-source measurements to confirm that equipment operation is within acceptable statistical fluctuations. Participation in EPA and EML laboratory Quality Assurance Programs. I Training and certification of allindividuals performing procedures. Periodic internal and external audits. k
?
,, NEDRS&MGOONS A, B, W C-AW 22. W5 B-3
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