ML20093A470
ML20093A470 | |
Person / Time | |
---|---|
Site: | Cooper |
Issue date: | 04/25/1984 |
From: | NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER DISTRICT |
To: | |
Shared Package | |
ML20093A467 | List: |
References | |
RTR-NUREG-0737, RTR-NUREG-737 PROC-840425, NUDOCS 8407100542 | |
Download: ML20093A470 (49) | |
Text
'- 1,-
- g GUIDELINE FOR PREPARATION OF EMERGENCY OPERATING PROCEDURES Revision'0 April 25, 1984 COOPER NUCLEAR STATION NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER DISTRICT
-Reviewed by: Date:
Operations Manager Approved by: Date:
Division Manager of Nuclear Operations 8407100542 840629
-PDR ADOCK 05000299 Rev 0 y . pg 1 4/25/84
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LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGE REVISIONS' j; *
. Page Rev. No. Page Rev. No. Page Rev. No. Page Rev. No.
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.o TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................. 1 2 DESIGNATION AND NUMBERING .......................... 1 2.1 PROCEDURE DESIGNATION ......................... 1 2.2 APPROVAL SHEET AND REVISION SHEET ............. 1 2.3 PROCEDURE NUMBERING ........................... 1 2.4 PROCEDURE REVISIONS ........................... 2 2.5 PAGE IDENTIFICATION AND NUMBERING ............. 2 3 FORMAT ............................................. 3 3.1 PAGE FORMAT ................................... 3 3.2 PROCEDURE ORGANIZATION ........................ 3 3.3 SECTION DESIGNATION ........................... 4 3.4 INSTRUCTION STEP NUMBERING .................... 5 4 PROCEDURE PREPARATION .............................. 6 4.1 INSTRUCTION STEP LENGTH AND CONTENT ........... 6 .
4.1.1 SPECIAL OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS .......... 8 4.1.2 PRIMARY ACTION COLUMN .................. 8 4.1.3 CONTINGENCY ACTIONS .................... 8 4.1.4 SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ............... 9 4.2 USE OF LOGIC TERMS ............................ 9 4.3 CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS ....................... 11 4.4 USE OF CAUTIONARY INFORMATION AND NOTES ...... 11 4.5 CALCULATIONS ................................. 12 4.6 USE OF UNDERLINING ........................... 13 4.7 REFERENCING AND BRANCHING TO OTHER PROCED URES OR STEPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4.8 COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION ..................... 15 4.9 LEVEL O F D ETAIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.10 PRINTED OPERATOR AID ......................... 17
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4.10.1 UNITS OF MEASURE ..................... 18 4.10.2 TITLES AND HEADINGS .................. 18 4.10.3 FIGURE, TABLE AND ATTACIDiENT NUMBERING ............................ 18 Rev 10 111 4/25/84
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4 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section g 5 MECHANICS OF STYLE ................................. 19 5.1 SPELLING ...................................... 19 5.2 HYPHENATION ................................... 19 5.3 PUNCTUATION ................................... 20 5.4 VOCABULARY .................................... 20 5.5 NUMERICAL VALUES .............................. 22 5.6 ABBREVIATIONS, LETTER SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS .... 23 5.7 CAPITALIZATION ................................ 24
-6 TYPING FORMAT ...................................... 24 6.1 GENERAL TYPING INSTRUCTIONS ................... 24 6.2 PAGE ARRANG EM ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6.3 HEADING AND TEXT ARRANGEMENT .................. 24 6.4 BREAKING OF WORDS ............................. 25 6.5 ROTATION OF PAGES ............................. 25 6.6. PRINTED OPERATOR AIDS ......................... 26 6.7 SPECIAL OPERATOR' INSTRUCTIONS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES ..................................... 28 6.8 USE OF FOLDOUT PAGES .......................... 30 6.9 USE OF OVERSIZED PAGES ........................ 30 6.10 US E OF REDUCED PAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 7 REPRODUCTION ....................................... 30 8 BINDING............................................. 30 9 REFERENCES ......................................... 31 Rev 0 iv 4/25/84 L __
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page APPENDIX l'- GLOSSARY ........................................ 32
.GPENDIX 2 - APPROVED ABBREVIATIONS .......................... 38 APPENDIX 3 - APPROVED ACRONYMS ............................... 39 i APPENDIX 4 - NUMERICAL LISTING OF CNS EMERGENCY OPERATING PROCEDURES ...................................... 41 APPENDIX 5 - APPROVAL' SHEET .................................. 42 APPENDIX 6 - REVISION SHEET .................................. 43 APPENDIX 7 - PAGE FORMAT ........'............................. 44 Rev 0 v 4/25/84
1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This document is designed to provide specific administrative and technical guidelines for preparing Cooper Nuclear Station (CNS)
Emergency Operating Procedures (EOPs). This Writer's Guide will ensure that each procedure is readily understood by the operator and is yet sufficiently comprehensive to be acceptable to the CNS Operations Department.
2 DESIGNATION AND NUMBERING 2.1 PROCEDURE DESIGNATION Each E0P shall be uniquely identified by a number which identifies the type of procedure (i.e. E0P 2 identifies the procedure as Emergency Operating Procedure Number 2) and a descriptive title to designate the scope of the procedure (i.e. PRIMARY CONTAINMENT CONTROL).
2.2 APPROVAL SHEET AND REVISION SHEET Each E0P shall have an Approval Sheet (see Appendix 5) and Revision Sheet (see Appendix 6). The purpose of the approval sheet is to identify the procedure and the authorized revision. The purpose of the revision sheet is to identify the effective revision of each page of the procedure. The approval sheet and revision sheets shall be the last two pages of the procedure. E0Ps shall be reviewed and approved in accordance with CNS Administrative Procedure 1.3.
2.3 PROCEDURE NUMBERING A sequential number shall follow the procedure designator.
Example E0P-2_
Sequence Number Procedure Designator Rev 0 Page 1 of 44 4/25/84 L.
W 2.4 PROCEDURE REVISIONS
- a. Revisions to this Writer's Guide shall be made in accordance with CNS Administrative Procedure 1.3.
- b. Revisions to Emergency Operating Procedures shall be made in accordance with this E0P Writer's Guide and CNS Administrative
. Procedure 1.3.
- c. A sequential number following the abbreviation "Rev" shall be used to designate the revision level of each page of the procedure.
Example: Rev 1 Revision Level Abbreviation
- d. To identify revisions to the text of a procedure, a change bar shall be placed in the left margin for changes to the left column and.in the right margin for all other changes (e.g.
cautions, notes, or changes in the right column). Only changes to the last revision shall be noted. All previous revision notations in the margins shall be removed.
2.5 PAGE IDENTIFICATION AND NL'MBERING Each page of the procedure shall be identified by 1) the Emergency Operating Procedure designator and number, 2) the revision number,
- 3) the page number, and 4) date of the latest revision to that page. Each page of the procedure shall indicate the total number of pages in the procedure specified as "page of ". This information shall be located at the bott'om of each page, as shown in Appendix 7. Subnumbering of pages will not be used (e.g., Page 7A of 53). If required, all pages of the procedure will be re-L numbered.
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n 3 FORMAT The following format is to be applied consistently for all CNS Emergency Operating Procedures.
3.1 PAGE FORMAT a
A dual-column format shall be used. The left hand column is designated for primary operator actions. The right hand column is '
designated for contingency actions (to be taken when the expected i response is not obtained) and fr. supplemental information. A sample page format is presented in Appendix 7.
.3.2 PROCEDURE ORGANIZATION The following section headings will be used for all CNS Emergency Operating Procedures:
TITLE -- The title shall be centered at the top of the first ,
page of the procedure. The title shall be in all capitals and shall be underscored. .The title should be descriptive of the purpose of the procedure.
PURPOSE -- The purpose is a brief statement describing the objectives of the procedure.
ENTRY CONDITIONS -- The entry conditions shall include only those alarms, indications, operating conditions, automatic system actions, or other unique symptoms that the operator is to use in deciding to use the procedure.
OPERATOR ACTIONS -- The operator actions shall be short, concise, identifiable instructions. These instructions will give appropriate directions to the operator in order to mitigate further degradation of plant performance and restore plant operation to the point that normal operating procedures can be used.
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' 3.3 SECTION DESIGNATION
- a. Emergency Operating Procedures developed from the Emer-
. gency Procedure Guidelines (EPGs) will be identified by a letter prefix included in the Section Heading and step
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n; numbers as follows:
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- 1. The first two letters indicate the area of control.
The letters used and the area of control shall be:
RC = RPV Control SP = Suppression Pool DW = Drywell -
PC = Primary Containment SC = Secondary Containment
- 2. The third letter indicates the parameter which is controlled in the specified area. A virgule (slant
-line) should be used between the first two letters and the third letter; examples: SP/L-1, RC/Q-2. The letters used to denote the controlled parameters shall be:
L = Level P = Pressure Q = Power-T = Temperature R = Radiation H = Hydrogen
- 3. ' Attachments to the E0Ps shall be designated as A1, A2, etc.
- b. Section headings (e.g. RC/L. PC/H) shall be centered and in all capitals. The heading shall be underscored.
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. Procedures developed to support the E0Ps (e.g. Alternate Methods e for Injecting Boron into the RPV) shall be written in accordance with reference C.
3.4 INSTRUCTION STEP NUMBERING ,
Instruction steps in a section or subsection shall be numbered and !
indented as follows:
RC/P-1. Confirm...
- a. Check...
- 1) If... !
Due to the narrow width of the column for procedure steps in a dual column forn.at, if possible avoid using the 1) level of indenting to !
eliminate wasted space. I i
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4 PROCEDURE PREPARATION 4.1 INSTRUCTION STEP LENGTH AND CONTENT
. Instruction steps should be concise and precise. Conciseness denotes brevity; preciseness means exactly defined. Thus, instruc-tions should be short and exact. This is easily stated, but not so easily achieved. General rules to be used in meeting these objec-tives are as follows:
- a.
- Instruction steps should deal with only one idea,
- b. Short, simple sentences or phrases should- be used in preference to long, compound or complex sentences. As a rule, sentence length should not exceed 15 words.
- c. Complex evolutions should be prescribed in a series of steps, with each step made as simple as practicable.
- d. Objects of operator actions should be specifically stated. This includes identification of exactly what is
-to be done and to what,
- e. For instructional steps requiring operator actions, space will be provided on the left margin of each column for operator checkoff as an aid in keeping track of his place in the procedure (see Appendix 7 and Subsection 6.3. Item f).
- f. Limits should be expressed quantitatively whenever possible (refer to Subsection 5.5).
- g. Mandatory sequence of steps is assumed unless otherwise stated. Where necessary identify those procedures, or series of steps, which need not be followed in sequence or when concurrent operations are to be performed. When concurrent execution of steps is required it will be Rev 0 Page 6 of 44 4/25/84
-s identified using a special operator instruction (see sub-section 4.1.1).
- h. . Identification of components and parts should be complete (see Subsection 4.8),
- i. User instructions should be written in the form of a command.
- j. Expected results of routine tasks or evolutions need not be stated.
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- k. When actions are required based upon receipt of an annunciated alarm, list the setpoint of the alarm for ease of verification.
- 1. When resetting or restoring an alarm or trip, list the expected results immediately following the reset or restoration if it would be beneficial to the operator.
- m. When considered beneficial to the user for proper under-standing and performance, describe the system response time associated with performance of the instruction.
- n. When system response dictates a time frame within which the instruction must be accomplished, prescribe such time frame. If possible, however, avoid using time to initi-ate operator actions. Operator actions should be related to plant parameters.
- o. The basis or reason for an action should not be included in the instruction. If additional information is neces-sary to clarify an action, it shall be placed in the supplemental information column or on the facing page.
- p. When additional confirmation of system response is considered necessary, prescribe the backup reading to be made.
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- q. If an operator will be required to perform actions in specified manner or observe the specific indications, a note should precede the step in order to advise the operator of those actions or observations which he will be required to perform following the initial action.
/ 4 .' 1.1 Special Operator Instructions Special operator instructions are used to indicate changes in the
, expected flow of a procedure by indicating:
- a. A requirement for concurrent execution of multiple steps
- b. One or more contingent actions which remain applicable while executing a series of subsequent steps Special operator instructions will be enclosed in a box formed using asterisks in order to differentiate them from Cautions. See sub-section 6.7 for an example.
4.1.2 Primary Action Column The left-hand column of the dual column format will c,ontain the operator instructional steps. The following rules are established in addition to the general rules in subsection 4.1.
- a. Expected indications should be presented in this column.
- b. Operator actions in this column should be appropriate for the expected indications.
4.1.3 Contingency Actions Contingency steps will be placed in the right-hand column (see Appendix 7).
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t Contingency actions are operator actions that should be taken in the event a stated condition, event or task does not represent or achieve the expected results. The need for contingency action
. ' occurs in conjunction with tasks involving verificaticn, observa-tion, confirmation and monitoring.
i Contingency actions shall be specified for each circumstance in
.which the' expected results or actions might not be s - ' teved. The
- contingency, actibns should identify, as appropriate, directions ato' override automatic controls and to initiate manually what is
- normally automaticctly s initiated.
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Once an operator ik directed to take action in the contingency action column, an instruction will be ~ pl$ced at the end of the contingency action' to direct the operator where to proceed to in the E0P.
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, i 4.1.4 Sup lemental-Information The right-hand column and the facing'page shall be used to provide supplemental information such as setpdints. equipment and indicator locations, etc. nor necessary to c'arry out th,e primary operator actions but may" aid the operator. If the iinformation is brief r.nd 8
there is room, the information should be placed in the right hand column.
t The facing page shall be used when there is a lot of supplemental information-(i.e. a list of items such as valbes that the operator must " check" or " verify").
The facing page shall also be used to provide a flowchart or logic .
diagram of operator actions, if needed to clarify operator actions.
i 4.2 USE OF LCGIC TERMS The logic terms AND, OR, IF, IF NOT, WHEN, and THEN are of ten necessary to describe precisely a set of conditions or saquence of actions.
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Emphasis shall be achieved by using capitalizations and underlin-ing. ' All logic terms shall be underlined so that all the condi-tions are clear to the operator.
When these words are not used as logic terms they will not be capitalized or underlined. For exampic: (HPCI or RCIC) or two limit values (6 ft. and 10 ft.).
The use of AND and Cgt within the same action shall be avoided.
When AND and C@l are used together, the logic can be very ambigueus.
Use other logic terms as follows:
- a. When attention should be called to combinations of conditions, the word AND shall be placed between the description of each condition. The word AND shall not be used to join more than two conditions. If three or more conditions need to be joined, a list format shall be used.
- b. The word Ojt shall be used when calling attention to alterna-
.tive combinations of conditions. The use of the word Cgt shall always be in the inclusive sense. To specify the exclusive "0R," the following shall be used: "either A Cgt B but not both."' If three or more conditions need to be joined, a list format shall be used.
- c. When action steps are contingent upon certain conditions or combinations of conditions, the step shall begin with the word IJ[ or WHEN followed by a description of the condition or conditions (the antecedent), a comma, the word THEN, followed by the' action to be taken (the consequent).
- d. WHEN is used for an expected condition. IJ[ implies a "moni-toring" or " wait" function.
- e. Ij[ is used for an unexpected but possible condition existing at the present time or at the time-this step is reached. IJ[
is not meant to include "at any time in the future."
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!- f. Use of IF NOT- sh$hld be limited to those cases in which the ope'rator,must respond to'the second of two possible condi-
.tions. ))[ shotid he used to specify the first condition.
- g. 13 TEN 'shall not be used at the end of action step to instruct the operator to perform the next step because it runs actions together.
4.3 CONDITIONA , STATEMENTS e
The-following' guidelines should be followed:
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- a. % Write / conditional statements so that the description of the e i f( ,, condition appears first, followed by the action instruction.
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- b. If thre#e or more conditions must be described before an action
/ is directed, list the conditions separately from the action instruction.
- c. Emphasize the logic words by underlining, for example,))[.....
THEN....
- d. See Subsection 6.8 for examples.
4.4 USE OF CAUTIONARY INFORMATION AND NOTES Cautionary information can be considered in two fundamental cate-gories: those that apply to the entire procedure and those that apply to a portion or a specific step of the procedure. Those that apply to the entire procedure are called " PRECAUTIONS" and are covered in operator training or included in a general procedure for ready reference. Those that apply to a portion of a procedure are called " CAUTIONS" and are placed in a box immediately before the procedural steps to which they apply.
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In general, a CAUTION shall extend across the entire page and shall be highlighted as shown in the Example CAUTIOM (see Sub-section 6.7). This placement of cautions helps ensure that the procedure user observes the caution before performing the step in either column. A caution shall not be used instead of an instruc-tional step. It should be used to denote a potential 'iazard to equipment or personnel associated with a particular step. Each caution statement shall be wholly contained on a single page. A caution must appear on the same page as the step to which it
, applies.
A NOTE is used to present or remind the operator of explanatory or desciiptive informatien that is intended to aid the operator to perform the instructional step. A note should present information only, not instructions, and should be located prior to the applic-able action step.
It is permissible to separate the note from the applicable step to begin a new page as long as the note appears in sequence before the step.
In general, a note shall extend across the entire page and will be highlighted by indentation three spaces from the margins shown in the Example NOTE'(see Subsection 6.7). Notes shall be further highlighted by centering.three asterisks (with one space between asterisks) one-and-a-htlf line spaces above and below the note.
Caution and note statements should be short and conciae. If a caution or note applies only to steps in the Primary Operator Action column or only to steps in the Contingency Action column the caution or note shall be placed in that column.
4.5 CALCULATIONS Mathematical calculations should be avoided, especially in Emer-gency Operating Procedures (EOPs). If a value has to be determined in order to' perform a procedural step, a chart or graph should be Rev 0 Page 12 of 44 4/25/84
used whenever possible (e.g. preparation of sodium pentaborate solution). The necessary space should be provided within the instruction or on attachments, along with the conversion factors to obtain the answer in correct units.
4.6 USE OF UNDERLINING Underlining will be used for emphasis of logic terms, CAUTION and NOTE headings, and first level section headings.
The follcwing examples illustrate what shall be underlined.
- a. Underline logic terms: IF, WHEN AND Ojt BUT IF NOT
- b. Underline titles of first-level section headings.
RC/L RPV WATER LEVEL CONTROL
- c. Do not underline action which is all capitalized:
EMERGENCY RPV DEPRESSURIZATION IS REQUIRED I
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4.7 REFERENCING AND BRANCHING TO OTHER PROCEDURES OR STEPS Referencing implies that an additional procedure or additional steps should be used as a supplement to the procedure presently being used. Referencing other steps within the procedure being used, either future steps or completed steps, should be minimized.
When only a few steps are involved in the referencing, the steps should be restated in the procedure wherever they are needed.
To minimize potential operator confusion, branching shall be used when th'e operator is to leave one procedure or step and use another procedure or step. The words " exit" and " enter" will key the operator to leave the present step and not return until directed.
The words " proceed to" will be used to direct the operator to continue at the specified step within the same procedure. The words " Return to" will be used to direct the operator to return to a previous step in the same procedure.
Following the procedure number, the procedure title shall be enclosed in parentheses to emphasize the title of the referenced or branched procedure; example: Enter E0P-1 (RPV Control) at Step RC-1.
When the actions to be taken are located in a specific section of the branched procedure, the step where the operator should enter-shall be stated rather than just the procedure number and title; example: Enter OP-2.2.9 (Core Spray) at Step C.2.
When sections of a procedure are executed concurrently, the refer-enced sections shall be tabbed to assist the operator in locating the material. Tabbing shall also be used when the operator is instructed to continue on or return to a step in the procedure which is several pages away from the instruction. The words
" continue in this procedure at Step ... (TAB 6)" and " return to Rev 0 Page 14 of 44 4/25/84 u_
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Step . .. (TAB 2)" shall be used for these instructions. Tabs will be numbered sequentially based on their physical location in the procedure.-
4.8 COMPONENT IDENTIFICATION For identification of components, the following ru.les apply:
- a. Equipment shall be identified in operator language (common
. usage) terms. These terms may not always match engraved or placarded names on equipment, but will be complete.
- b. When the engraved names and numbers on panel placards and alarm windows are specifically the item of concern in the procedure, the engraving should be quoted verbatim and empha- '
sized by using all capitals. In addition, the location of the item shall be given by th'e panel number (and grid coordinates for annunciators) enclosed in parenthesis,
- c. The names of plant system titles are emphasized by capitaliz-ing the first letter of each word in the title. The word
" system" should be deleted from the title in the interest of l brevity,
- d. If the-component is seldom used or it is felt that the compo-nent would be difficult to find, location information should be given in parentheses following the identification.
4.9 LEVEL OF DETAIL Too much detail in cperating procedures, especially E0Ps, should be avoided in the interest of being able to effectively execute the instructions in a timely manner. The level of detail required is the detail that a newly trained and licensed operator would desire, especially in an E0P, during an emergency condition. Instructions shall consist of a series of steps and, if desired, substeps.
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These steps shall be written in the form of a command (i.e. tell the operator to do something). The substeps should consis.t of a more detailed procedure for accomplishing a major step.
'To assist in determining the level of detail, the following general rules apply:
- a. Action verbs are placed in instructional steps to denote a particular action that the operator must perform. Common action verbs'and their application are provided in the Glos-
. sary (Appendix 1). Action verbs such as " Energize" or
" Increase" will not be used in writing E0Ps because they can cause oral communications problems.
- b. To standardize those applications for which specific termi-nology should be used, the following guidelines apply:
- 1. For power-driven equipment use Start, Stop.
- 2. For valves use Open, Close, Throttle Open, Throttle Close, Throttle Locked Open, Locked Closed and Locked Throttle.
- 3. For power distribution breakers and electrical supply switches use Close and Open or On and Off, being con-sistent with the labeling used on the subject circuit breaker / switch..
- 4. For indicating lights use On and Off.
- 5. For annunciators use Alarm and Reset.
- 6. For control circuitry that executes an entire function upon actuation of the control switch, the action verb appropriate to the component suffices without further amplification of how to manipulate the control device i e.g. Close MO-4601 SUCTION VALVE (on Panel.1C04).
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- c. For control switches with a positional placement that estab-lishes a standby readiness condition, the verb " Place" should .
be used along with the engraved name~of the desired position.
Positional placements are typically associated with establish-ing readiness of automatic functions and are typically named AUTO or NORMAL: for example, " Place the core spray pump control switch in AUTO."
- d. For multiposition control switches that have more than one position for a similar function, placement to the desired position should be specified; for example, " Place DIESEL FIRE PUMP selector switch to TEST NO. 2."
- e. Standard practices for observing abnormal results need not be prescribed within procedural steps. For example, observation of noise, vibration, erratic flow or discharge pressure need not be specified by steps that start pumps.
4.10 PRINTED OPERATOR AIDS 1
- t When information is presented using graphs, charts, tables and figures, these aids must be self-explanatory, legible and readable under the expected conditions of use and within the reading pre-cision of the operator.
Printed operator aids (graphs, etc.) applicable to a page of text should be presented on the backside of the preceding paga (facing page) where it is available while reading the text. Wha:. this is not practical, printed operator aids should be presented as attach-ments; for example, when several graphs are applicable to a page ;
and cannot be placed on the facing page. Reference to tables and figures should be by the figure or table number. For example:
Maintain pump discharge flow in accordance with Figure 5.
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L 4.10.1 Units of Measure Units of measure on figures, tables and attachments should be given for numerical values that represent observed, measurement data or calculated results. A virgule (slant line) should be used instead of "per"; examples: ft/sec, lbs/hr.
s 4.10.2 Titles and Headings Capitalization should be used for titles of tables and figures, j titles of tables and figures within text material, and column headings within a table.
4.10.3 Figure, Table and Attachment Numbering Sequential arcbic numbers should be assigned to figures and tables in a separate series for each E0P. The sequence should correspend with the order in which they are first referenced in the text. If the same figure is sued again later in the same E0P, it will retain the original figure number. The symbol "#" and abbreviation "No."
are unnecessary and should not be used. The number alone suffices.
Attachments will be numbered sequentially as A1, A2, etc.
Examples: Figure 1-1, Table 1-2, etc. (for E0P-1)
Figure 2-1, Table 2-2, etc. (for E0P-2)
Attachment A1, Attachment A2, etc.
Page identification for attachments should consist of information that identifies (1) procedure number, (2) attachment number, (3) page number and (4) revision number. Page numbering of attach-ments should meet the requirements of Subsection 2.5.
Section numbering for attachments should be in accordance with Subsection 3.3.
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5 MECHANICS OF STYLE 5.1 SPELLING Spelling should be consistent with modern usage. When a choice of spelling is offered by a dictionary, the first spelling should be u, sed .
5.2 HYPHENATION 3
Hyphens are used between elements of a compound word when usage calls for it. The following rules should be followed for hyphen-ation.
- a. When doubt exists, the compound word should be restructured to avoid hyphenation.
- b. Hyphens should be used in the following circumstances:
- 1. in compound numerals from twenty-one to ninety-nine; example: one hundred thirty-four.
- 2. in fractions; examples: one-half, two-thirds.
- 3. in compounds with "self"; examples: self-contained, self-lubricated.
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- 4. when the last letter of the first word is the same vowel as the first letter of the second word -- as an alterna-tive, two words can be used; example: fire-escape or fire escape.
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- 5. when misleading or awkward consonants would result by joining the words; example: bell-like.
- 6. to avoid confusion with another word; examples: re-cover i to prevent confusion with recover, pre-position to avoid confusion with preposition.
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- 7. when a letter is linked with a noun; examples: X-ray, 0-ring, U-bolt, I-beam.
- 8. to separate chemical elements and their atomic weight; examples: Uranium-235, U-235.
5.3 PUNCTUATION ,
Punctuation should be used only as necessary to aid reading and prevent misunderstanding. Word order should be " selected to require a minimum of punctuation. When extensive punctuation is necessary
, for clarity, the sentence should be rewritten and possibly made into several sentences: Punctuation should be in accordance with the following rules,
- a. Do not use brackets.
- b. Use a colon to indicate that a list of items is to follow, for example: Restore cooling flow as follows: .
- c. Use of many commas is a sign the instruction is too complex and needs to be rewritten. Therefore, evaluate the number of commas to ensure the instruction ir .at too complex.
Use a comma after conditional phrases for clarity and ease of reading. Example: WHEN level decreases to 60 inches, THEN start pump ....
- d. Parentheses shall be used to indicate alternative items in a procedure, equipment numbers, procedure titles and to set off referenced figures, tables, appendices, attachments, etc.
- e. Use a period at the end of complete sentences and for indicat-ing the decimal place in numbers.
5.4 VOCABULARY Words used in procedures should convey precise understanding to the trained person. The following rules apply.
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- a. Use simple words. Simple words are usually short words of few syllables. Simple words are generally common words.
- b. Use common usage if it makes the procedure easier to under-stand,
- c. Use words.that are concrete rather than vague, specific rather than general, familiar rather than formal, precise rather than blanket. Avoid specialized or abstract words for which substitute words may be used. .
- d. Define key words that may be understood in more than one sense,
- e. Minimize the use of articles (the, a, an) unless they are needed for clarity.
- f. Verbs with specific meaning should be used. Examples are listed in Appendix 1 (Glossary).
- g. Equipment status should be denoted as follows:
- 1. Operable / Operability -- These words mean that a system, subsystem, train, component or device is capable of performing its intended function (s) in its required manner. Implicit in this definition is the assumption that all necessary attendant instrumentation, controls, normal and emergency electrical power sources, cooling or seal water, lubrication or other auxiliary equipment required for the system, subsystem, train, component or device to perform its function (s) are also capable of performing related support function (s).
- 2. Operating -- This word means that a system, subsystem, train, component or device is in operation end is per-forming its intended function (s) in its required manner and that "Out of Service Cards" or ether conditions do not prevent it from maintaining that service.
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- 3. Available/Available for injection -- These words mean that a system, subsystem, train, component or device is operable and can be used on demand as desired; however, ;
it need not be operating.
- 4. Line up for injection / Lined up for injection -- These words mean that a system or subsystem is operable with j all valves (except possibly one injection valve) in position for introducing its process fluid in its intend-ed flow path; however, it shall not be operating unless so stated.
5.5 NUMERICAL VALUES The use of numerical values should be consistent with the following rules:
- a. Arabic numerals should be used.
- b. For numbers less than unity, the decimal point should be preceded by a zero; for example: 0.1.
- c. The number of significant digits should be equal to che number of significant digits available from the display. The oper-ator should not be required to read an indicator to an accur-acy greater than one-half of the smallest graduation on the indicator.
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- d. Acceptance values should be specified in such a way that addition and subtraction by the user is avoided if possible.
This can generally be done by stating acceptance valtas as limits. Examples: above 95'F, below 150 psig; 580* to 600*F.
[ For calibration points, statement of the midpoint and its lower and upper limits for each data cell would accomplish the same purpose; for example: 13 milliamperes (9.5 to 10.5).
[ Avoid using 1.
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- e. Engineering units should always be specified for numerical values of process variables. They should be the same as those used on the control room dieplays; for example: psig instead of psi.
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- f. For numbers less than zero, a minus sign should precede the i number (e.g. -1.2).
5.6 ABBREVIATIONS, LETTER SYMBOLS Alm ACRONYMS .
The use of abbreviations should be minimized because they may be confusing to those who are not thoroughly familiar with them.
Abbreviations may be used where necessary to save time and space "
and when their meaning is unquestionably clear to the intended <
reader. The full meaning of the abbreviation, other than the abbreviations listed in Appendix 2, should be written in before the first use of the abbreviation and whenever in doubt. Consistency should be maintained throughout the procedure.
Capitalization of abbreviations should be uniform. If the abbrev-iation is comprised of lovercase letters it should appear in lowercase in a title or heading. The period should be omitted in abbreviations except in cases where the omission would result in ,
confusion.
Letter symbols may be used to represent operations, quantities, elements, relations and qualities.
An acronym is a type of symbol formed by the initial letter or letters of each of the successive parts or major parts of compound term. Acronyms may be used if they are defined or approved for ,
use. Appendix 3 lists those acronyms approved for use at CNS.
Abbreviations, symbols and acronyms should not be overused. Their use should be for the benefit of the reader. They can be benefi-l cial by saving reading time, ensuring clarity when space is limited and communicating mathematical ideas.
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5.7 CAPITALIZATION Capitalize the first letter of each word of specific systems or system components, logic terms (see section 4.2), section headings I
(see section 3.3), titles of figures and tables (see subsection 4.10.2). Capitalization may also be used when special emphasis is required.
o TYPING FORMAT i 6.1 GENERAL TYPING INSTRUCTIONS The following general requirements are to be followed:
- a. Paper size should be 8h x 11 inches,
- b. White, bond paper,
- c. A Prestige Elite, 12 pitch, typewriter element is to be used.
6.2 PAGE ARRANGEMENT
- a. Page margins,are spe,cified in Appendix 7 (refer to Subsec-tion 2.5).
- b. Page identification information is described in Subsection 2.5 and centered'as shown in Appendix 7.
- c. The 8h inch edges shall constitute top and bottom of pages and text. Tables and figures shall be readable with the page so arranged.- Rotation of printed matter should be avoided.
Refer to Subsection 6.5 if rotation is absolutely necessary.
6.3 HEADING AND TEXT ARRANGEMENT Block style, as illustrated in Appendix 7, is to be used. First-level section headings shall be in full capitals with a full underscore, second-level section headings shall be in full capitals and third-level headings shall have the first letter of each word .
capitalized and the heading shall be' underscored (refer to Subsec-tion 3.3 for numbering) .
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- a. The title shall appear at the top margin, centered on the page, shall be in full capitals with an underscore. Three line spaces shall be allowed between the title and the first-level section heading.
- b. Three line spaces shall be allowed between headings and the respective text.
- c. Three line spaces shall be allowed between paragraphs and steps.
- d. Text will be typed using one-and-a-half line spacing.
- e. Start a page for the following conditions:
- 1. At the start of a new section of the procedure; for example, DW/T MONITOR AND CONTROL DRYWELL TE'4PERATURE.
- 2. So that a CAUTION appears on the same page as the step to which it applies.
- 3. So that an action step or substep is wholly contained on r
a single page.
- f. A line three spaces long shall be placed in the left margin adjacent to the step or substep number in each column to allow the operator to checkoff completed steps. Two line spaces shall be allowed between the checkoff line and the step number; for example, PC/P-1.
6.4 BREAKING OF WORDS Breaking of words shall be avoided to facilitate operator reading.
6.5 ROTATION OF PAGES If pages need to be rotated, these rules shall be followed.
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- a. The top of the page with rotated print is the normal left-hand edge.
- b. The page margins do not rotate.
- c. Page identification and numbering will not be rotated.
6.6 PRINTED OPERATOR AIDS .
Operator Aid include graphs, drawings, diagrams, and illustrations.
The following guidelines.are established for typing figures which ,
consist of graphs, drawings, diagrams and illustrations:
- a. The figure number and its title are placed three line spaces above the figure field (refer to Subsection 4.10).
- b. The figure number, title, and typed labels should be typed using the same typewriter element as is used for the text of thie procedure (see 6.1.c).
- c. The figure field should be of sufficient size to offer good readability but should not violate specified page margins (6\"
x 9").
- d. .The essential message should be clear; simple presentations are preferred..
- e. Grid lines of graphs should be no more than.10 lines per inch; numbered grid lines should be bolder than unnumbered grid lines.
- f. Labeling of items within the figure should be accomplished by arrows pointing to the item.
- g. The items within the figure should be oriented naturally insofar as possible. For example, height on a graph should be along the vertical axis.
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- h. In general, items within the figure should be labeled. If handwritten labels are used, they should be printed using all capitals, with letters and numbers at least 1/8-inch high.
- 1. All lines in figures should be reproducible.
Tables should be typed using the following rules:
- a. Type style and size should be the same as that for the rest of
, the procedure (see 6.1.c).
- b. The table number and title should be located above the table field and three line spaces below preceding text.
- c. A heading should be entered for each column and centered within the column; the first letter of words in the column headings should be capitalized.
- d. dorizontal lines should be placed above and below the column headings; vertical lines, while desirable, are not necessary or required.
- e. Tabular headings should be aligned as follows: ,
- 1. horizontally by related entries P
- 2. vertically by decimal point for numerical entries
- 3. vertically by first letter for word entries; however, i run-over lines should be indented three spaces
- f. One and a half spaces between horizontal entries suffices to segregate such et. ries, although horizontal lines may also be used if desired. If used, double horizontal lines should be used above and below the column headings, i
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- g. There should not be a vacant cell in the table. If no entry is necessary, "N.A." should be entered to indicate not appli-cable.
6.7 SPECIAL OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS, CAUTIONS AND NOTES All special operator instructions, cautions, and notes should be-distinguishable from the rest of the text by using the following format.
- a. If applicable, the heading (" NOTE" or " CAUTION") should be capitalized, ceatered and placed three line spaces below the preceding text.
- b. The text of the special operator instruction, caution, oc note should be block format, line-and-a-half spaced. The Caution text shall begin three spaces from the left-hand margin of the step it applies so the vertical line of the box lines up with the step number and shall begin one-and-a-half line spaces below the heading. The text for Special Operator Instructions and Notes will begin five spaces from the left-hand printed margin.
i
- c. The right-hand margin of the text for a special operator instructions and a note should be five spaces to the left of the right-hand printed margin. The right-hand margin of the text of the caution should be three spaces to the left of the right-hand printed margin so the vertical line of the box appears at the right-hand printed margin.
[ d. A special operator instruction and a caution shall be further highlighted by enclosing them in a box three spaces above the heading or text and one-and-a-half spaces below the last line of the text. Asterisks will be used to form the box by special operator instructions. Straight lines will be used to L form the box for a caution.
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- e. A note shall be highlighted by three asterisks (*) with one -
space between asterisks and centered one-and-a-half line spaces above and below the note.
- f. A caution must appear on the same page as the step to which it applies. Start a new page if necessary.
- g. The following examples illustrate Special Operator Instruc-tion, CAUTION, and NOTE format:
- 1. Example Special Operator Instruction:
-(text)----------
- Execute steps SC/T, SC/R and SC/L concurrently *
-(text) --- -- -
- 2. Example NOTE:
-(text) - --
NOTE Injection from RHR will not occur until Reactor pressure is less than 195 psig.
(text)-- ------- -----
- 3. Example CAUTION:
-(text)-----
CAUTION Da not throttle HPCI cn; RCIC systems below 2100 rpm.
( t ex t) ------- ---
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6.8 USE OF FOLDOUT PAGES When used, a foldout page is treated as a single page. It should follow the same format as a standard page except the width is ,
different. The page should be folded so that a small margin exists between the fold and the right-hand edge of standard pages. This ?
will reduce wear of the' fold.
6.9 USE OF OVERSIZED PAGES t.
Oversize pages should not be used. They should be reorganized or reduces to a standard page. If this cannot be done, a foldout page should be used.
6.10 USE OF REDUCED PAGES 3
Reduced pages should be avoided whenever possible. Final size of ,
reduced pages should be standard page size. Reduced pages should be readable.
7 REPRODUCTION Reproduction will be done on a standard copier, single-sided copy only except when printed operator aids are presented on the back-side of the preceding page (facing page).
I 8 BINDING For control room use each E0P, and the level, pressure, and power sections of E0P-1 (RPV Control) will be placed in separate binders and conspicuously marked so that they are readily identifiable as emergency procedures (e.g. placing them in red binders). Separate binders are necessary since these procedures will be used concur-rently. Each binder will have a ribbon book marker attached for use as an aid in marking the operator's place in the procedure.
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.9 REFERENCES a.- Updated Safety Analysis Report, Cooper Nuclear Station, Chapter 1.
- b. . ANSI /ANS-32, American National Standard Administrative Con-trols and Quality Assurance for the Operational Phase of Nuclear Power Plants, 1981.
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- c. Administrative Procedures, Cooper Nuclear Station, No. 1.3. .
t d.. Emergency Operating Procedures Writing Guidelines, INPO, July 1982 (INPO 82-017).
- e. NUREG-0899, Guidelines for the Preparation of Emergency Operating Procedures, Rev. 5, June 4, 1982.
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APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY Word Application e
s Activate Formally institute special activity / function. To place into operation. l t
Align Place systems or components (e.g. valves and breakers) in i proper positions for accomplishing specified function.
Allow To permit a stated condition to be achieved prior to proceeding (e.g. " allow discharge pressure to stabi-lize").
Check To determine the present status of a plant parameter or component and compare with a procedural requirement.
t Close Mechanically:
To change the physical position of a mechanical device so that it prevents physical access or fluid flow.(e.g.
"close HPCI-97").
Electrically:
.To change the physical position of an electrical circuit treaker to permit passage of electrical current (e.g.
"close circuit breaker SS1F").
Complete To accomplish specified procedural requirements (e.g.
" complete valve checklist A", " complete data report QA ",
" complete Steps 7 through 9 of OP 2.2.33"). ,
Comparison A comparing or being compared.
Rev 0 Page 32 of 44 4/25/84
e APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY (Continued)
Word Application i
Confirm To observe an expected condition or characteristic ;
without being specific as to the method (e.g. " confirm
. . pump operation").
Decrease Do not use because of oral communication problems. Use
" lower" in lieu of " decrease."
Deenergize Remove power supply. Should not be used; use Open.
Depress Refers to pushbutton operation.
Discrepancy Disagreement or inconsistency.
Energize Supply power. Should not be used; use Close.
Ensure Take necessary/ appropriate actions to guarantee proper component operation, instrument reading, etc., as speci-fied.
j Establish To make arrangements for a stated condition (e.g. "estab-
,. lished communication with control room").
Execute To do or perform the instructed action or steps. i.
Implement Commence a required progran or series of procedures. -
s i
Increase Dct not use because of oral communication problems. Use
- " raise" in lieu of " increase."
Initiate Take actions to begin a process.
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APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY (Continued)
Word Application Inspect To measure, observe or evaluate a feature or character-istic for comparison with specified limits; method of j inspection should be included (e.g. " visually inspect for leaks").
Isolate Remove from service by closing off the flow path.
Local Take action outside the control room at equipment or local operating station.
Limitation Specific parameter not to be exceeded (violated)t Maintain Take appropriate actions to prevent fluctuation / changing.
Manual Operator action which activates a function which is Initiation normally initiated automatically due to plant conditions.
Manual Trip Operator action to activate a Reactor Trip or stop an operating piece of equipment such as a pump.
May Possibility, permission or contingency.
Monitor To observe a stated parameter or function for significant changes. This does not mean an operator continuously watches the parameter, but be aware of changes to keep the operation under control.
Notify Inform specified personnel.
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- e. t APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY (Continued)
Word Application Open Mechanically:
To change the physical position of a mechanical device, such as a valve or door, to unobstructed position that permits a fluid flow or access.
Electrically:
To change the physical position of an electrical circuit breaker to prevent the passage of electrical current.
Per As specified in or by named procedure. Infers referenc-ing the document is optional.
Place Physically position a switch to the specified location.
Proceed Go to specified area. In case of procedures, discontinue use of present procedure.
Qualified- Competent or fit. An operator is qualified when his qualification card is complete. ,
Rack In Put an electrical circuit breaker in place by physically connecting it to its associated power source.
I Rack Out Remove an electrical breaker fran its associated power source by physically disconnecting it.
Rack to Test Position an electrical circuit breaker to the " TEST" position.
Record To document specified condition or characteristic (e.g.
" record discharge pressure").
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APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY (Continued)
Word Application Refer Use as a supplement. Perform applicable actions of cited procedure and return to the controlling procedure.
Regulate Control or restrict.
Restore and To bring a specified parameter back under control or Maintain within specified limits and keep it within those limits.
Rotate Turn a rotary multi-position switch to the required position. -In reference to pumps, hand rotate before energizing.
-Secure Remove from service." Take appropriate action to prevent return to service.
Set To physically adjust to a specified value an adjustable feature (e.g. " set diesel speed to . . . rps").
.Shall Infers mandatory requirement.
Shift Specifies changing mode of operation.
Should Denotes a recommendation (preferred or desired method).
Shut To move so as to close, Ikt not use.
-Stabilize To bring a specified parameter under control with any fluctuations controlled.
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- 4 APPENDIX 1 GLOSSARY (Continued)
Word Application 1
-Start To originate motion of an electric or mechanical device directly or by remote control (e.g. " start . . . pump").
Stop To terminate operation (e.g. "stop . . . pump") .
Terminate To stop flow to a specified location. This allows re-
-Injection ~ directing flow to another location without tripping the pump.
Throttle To operate a valve in an intermediate position to obtain a certain flow rate (e.g. " throttle valva RHR-MO-38A to
. . .").
Trip Do not use except when the circuit breaker opens auto-matically. Use "open" in lieu of " trip" when possisle.
Vent To permit a gas or liquid confined under pressure to escape at a vent (e.g. " vent . . . pump").
Verify To determine if in proper condition / status in a specified manner and place in proper condition / status if not found in proper condition / status.
Rev 0 2 age 37 of 44 4/25/84
a APPENDIX 2 APPROVED ABBREVIATIONS Abbrevi.'.L.Lon Abbreviated Word or Phrase AC Alternating Current Btu British Thermal Unit C centigrade cc cubic centimeter, :
C1 Curie DC Direct Current dp differential pressure F fahrenheit ft foot gal gallon gpm gallons per minute Hg - mercury hp horse power hr hour in, inch kW kilowatt lb pound min minute
, mrem millirem mr milliroentgen MW megawatt N "it' 8'"
2 psia pounds per square inch (absolute) psig pounds per square inch (gauge) i R roentgen rem roentgen equivalent man rpm revolutions per minute see second V volt W watt i Rev 0 Page 38 of 44 4/25/84
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APPENDIX 3 APPROVED ACRONYMS Acronym Definition ADS Automatic Depressurization System A0G Augmented Off Gas APRM ,
Average Powe,r Range Monitor ARM Area Radiation Monitor -
ATWS Anticipated Transient Without Scram BPV ' Bypass Valve CRD Control Rod Drive CS Core Spray CSCS ' Core Standby Cooling System DEH Digital Electro-Hydraulic System DG Diesel Generator E0P Edergency Operating Procedure EPG Emergency Procedure Guidelines FPC Fuel Pool Cooling. ,
HCU Hydraulic Control Unit HPCI~ High Pressure Coolant Injection HVAC Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning HX Heat Exchanger IA . Instrument Air IRM Intermediate Range Monitor LCO. Limiting Condition for Operation LOCA ~ Loss-of-Coolant Accident LPCI Low Pressure Coni,at Injection LPRM Local Power Range Monitor MC Main Condensate System MCC Motor Control Center MSIV Main Steamline Isolation Volve NDIT Nil-Ductilit Transition Temperature Rev 0 Page 39 of 44 4/25/84
N APPENDIX 3 APPROVED ACRONYMS (Continued)
Acronym Definition NPSH Net Positive Suction Head OG Off Gas PCIS Primary Containment Isolation System RBM Rod Block Monitor RCIC Reactor Core Isolation Cooling REC Reactor Building Equipment Cooling LRF . Reactor Feed RFPT Reactor Feed Pump Turbine RER Residual Heat Removal RMCS Reactor Manual Control System RPV Reactor Pressure Vessel RPIS Rod Position Information System RSCS Rod Sequence Control System RW Radwaste RUCU Reactor Water Cleanup RWM Rod Werth Minimizer SBDG Standby Diesel Generator SBFU- Standby Filter. Unit SBGT' Standby Gas Treatment ,
SDV Scram Discharge Volume SJAE Steam Jet Air Ejectors
, SLC Standby Liquid Control-SORV Stuck-Open Relief Valve SRM Source Range Monitor
-SRV Safety / Relief Valve TAF Top Active Fuel (352.56" above vessel bottom)
TB . Turbine Building TEC Turbine Building Equipment Coolirg TG Turbine Generator TIP Traversing-In-Core Probe (See Burns and Roe Drawing No. 2001 for instrument identification acronyms.)
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APPENDIX 4 1 !
NUMERICAL LISTING OF CNS EMERGENCY PROCEDURES l
E0P/C -
= Emergency Operating Procedures -- General Operator Precautions. l
'EOP-1 -
Reactor Pressure Vesse'i (RPV) Control E0P - Primary Containment Centrol f
LEOP-3 - Secondary Containment Control-E0P-4 :- Radioactive Release Control i
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I 4
APPENDIX $
APPROVAL SHEET I
EMIRGENCY OPERATING PROCEDURE EO. !
REACTOR PRESSURE VESSEL (RPV) CONTROL
, JULY 13, 1984 COOPER NUCLEAR STATION e- NE8RASKA PUBLIC POWER DISTRICT 3
g.
Ruteved by: pet.
Op+ rations Manager I
Approved byt Date l';
Division Manager of Nuclear Operatione
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E0P-1 Rev 0 Page _ of 20 Date l
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Rev 0 ;
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~.a-APPENDIX 6 ,
REVISION SHEET h
i h
LISTOFEFFECTIVEPACE$tEVISIONS 1
Page' Rev. No. Page -Rev. No. Page Rev. No. Page Rev. No.
1 0 2 0 ,.
f 3 0 ,
4 0 5 0- .
.e 6' O
.7 0
- 8 0 r
9 0 10 -0 11 . O <
12- 0 1
13 0 14 0 [
, t$ 0 16 0 17 - 0 18 0 19 0 20 0 i
5 E0P-1 Rev 0 j Page _ of _ Dats f
k Rev 1 Pag,e 43 of 44 4/25/84 r
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AJ?PENDIX 7 PAGE FORMAT SP/T SUPPRE3SION POOL TEMPERATURE CONTROL PURPOSE This emergency instruction provides the direction necessary to restore .
' and maintain suppression pool temperaturc below 95*F in order to main-
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tain primary containment integrity and protect equipment in the primary containment.
Triple spaced (typical)
ENTRY CONDITIONS th line spacing Suppression pool temperature is greater than 95'F. (typical)
OPERATOR ACTIONS
- Contingency Action &
Primary Operator Action Supplemental Information SP/T-1. Monitor and control sup- SP/T-1. None pression pool temperature.
- SP/T-2. 'Close any stuck open SRV. SP/T-2. IF, any stuck open S' /
cannot be etnsed within two minutes.
2 spaces THEN perform the 3 spaces following actions:
8 sp. (minimum)
- a. Close both rerirculation flow control valves until either an APRM 1 space UPSC ALARM is received OR the minimum valve position. 0%, is attained.
EOP-2 Rev 0 Page 1 of _, Date Rev 1 Page 4 A o f M 4 /25$/84