ML20054K628
| ML20054K628 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | North Anna  |
| Issue date: | 06/11/1982 |
| From: | VIRGINIA POWER (VIRGINIA ELECTRIC & POWER CO.) |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20054K620 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8207020392 | |
| Download: ML20054K628 (87) | |
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SUPPLEMENT TO RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THERMAL MODELlHG AT NORTH ANNA POWER STATION Submitted to Virginia State _ Water Control Board by Virginia Electric and Power Company Environmental Services Department Richmond, Virginia June 11, 1932 8207020392 820630 PDR ADOCK 05000338 R PM
'?o "g SUPPLEMENT TO RESULTS OBTAINED FROM THERMAL MODELING AT NORTH ANNA POWER STATION SUBMITTED TO THE VIRGlHIA STATE WATER CONTROL BOARD BY THE VIRGINIA ELECTRIC AND POWER COMPANY JUNE 11, 1982 On March 14, 1982 Vepco submitted to the staff of the State Water Control Board in accordance with requirements contained in the 401 Certifica-tion for the North Anna Power Station, draft thermal modeling and ecological reports, as well as a summary paper entitled "Results Obtained from Thermal Modeling and Ecological Studies at North Anna Power Station." Subsequently, the final thermal modeling and ecological reports were submitted to the staff on June 2, 1982.
By letter of May 11, 1982, Mr. R. E. Bowles, P. E. , of the State Water Control Board staff advised us that several issues still needed to be resolved concerning the data previously submitted, or the absence of certain information of interest to the staff.
Model Verification Mr. Bowles' letter questioned whether the monitoring results obtained over the past year verify the predicted maximum temperatures cited in the report. Please refer to pages 4 and 5 of the summary document mentioned above in which we stated "However, MIT believes that we have collected sufficient data during limited simultaneous operation of two units to adequately calibrate and verify the model, and while there may be further adjustments in predicted temperatures, essentially the temperatures in Lake Anna and the North Anna River downstream resul ting from three-unit operation can now be predicted with an error factor of about -0.6 F (-0.35 C) with a standard deviation of 2.2 F (1.2 C). MIT believes these to be conservative estimates." We go on to state
". ..It is our opinion that the additional data from the simultaneous
T 4 a operation of two units will not produce any significant changes in the model predictions."
Temperature Predictions for Lake Anna Under Winter Conditions The staff expressed an interest in the generation of winter data of the same type produced for the summer months. We have obtained such data and analyzed them in accordance with the procedure set forth on page 10 and Table 1 of the above mentioned summary document. We chose December, January, and February as the three months for which model predictions should be obtained.
Plots of the temperature predictions for 1957 and 1962 are found in Figures 1-1 through 1-12. Please note that the 1957 and 1962 predictions actually include December, 1957 and 1962, and January and February,1958 and 1963.
Model predictions revealed that for the two years in question there were no temperatures predicted above the permissible ltemperature under one-unit operation. In fact, during the entire ten year period for which predictions were obtained for initial screening we only found two instances in which predicted temperatures under one-unit operation exceeded the permissible tem-pera ture, and then only by 0.2 C.
In all three months for the two years under consideration two-unit operation resulted in temperatures above the permissible temperatures. The maximum temperatures were noted in Reference Point A, Table 2. In contrast to the summer data, the model predicted temperature increases in the area above the Route 208 bridge in the winter for eight of the ten years studied, however, the maximum increase artounted to 2 5 C. In only two instances, February, 1960 and February, 1965 were predicted temperatures permissible predicted temperatures for two unit operation. In nine instances the predictions of temperatures above permissible temperatures upstream of the Route 208 Bridge resulted f rom three unit
' Permissible temperature = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures +3 C.
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3 operation. Predictions in this area for all conditions ranged from 0.1 C to 2.5 C.
Inspection of the winter temperature predictions indicates that permissible temperatures above the Route 208 Bridge are generally only exceeded when the permissible temperature is less than 6.0 C.
While we believe that the temperature predictions for the winter are interesting, we find no cause for ecological concern and this is confirmed by ecological data collected to date. Most experts in the ecological field agree that the addition of temperature in the winter enhances the use of lakes such as Lake Anna and is not detrimental to aquatic life.
We realize that there may be concern about cold shock resulting from shutdown of units with insufficient time for aquatic life to adjust to the sudden temperature drop. However, this cannot happen at Lake Anna for the following reasons. This is a multiple unit station and it is highly unlikely that all units would simultaneously trip, if all units should trip, then there would be considerable time, estimated from 9 to 11 days of residence time in the Waste Heat Treatment Facility, before the impact of the unit trip would be realized in the area of the dam.
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TREATMENT FACILITY AND/OR POWER STATION HODIFICATIONS Waste Heat Treatment Facility Rerouting in this study the permissible temperature under one, two and three-unit operations for July through September of 1957 and 1962 (Table 1) were compared with predicted temperatures in excess of the permissible temperatures for the same months, years, and operating conditions af ter rerouting the Waste Heat Treatment Facility (Table 3). In all cases the Waste Heat Treatment Facility rerouting resulted in reductions in the previously predicted excess temperatures up to a maximum of 0.8 C, depending on meteorological and unit operating condi-tions. Figures 2-1 through 2-18 contain summer and winter predictions of temperatures above permissible for the rerouting modification. These can be compared to Figures 1-1 through 1-12 (winter) in this report and Figures 2 through 10 (summer) in the March 14, 1982 summary document.
There were no temperatures above permissible for one-unit operation with or without the modification. There were eight instances of temperatures above permissible with two units operational and the rerouting modification did not change this. Under three-unit operation there were twelve instances of temperatures above permissible which were reduced to ten by the rerouting modification. The overalI effeet of the rerouting modification is to reduce the total number of instances of temperatures above permissible at the dam from twenty to eighteen.
increase Condenser Delta-t to 10 C (18 F)
In studying this modification we developed Figures 3-1 through 3-18 and Table 2 which are similar to Figures 1-1 through 1-12 (winter) in this report and Figures 2 through 10 (summer) in the March 14, 1982 summary docu-ment.
. e For the summer and winter months of 1957 and 1962 with or without this modification there were no cases in which predicted temperatures exceeded the permissible temperatures under one-unit operation.
Under two-unit operating conditions there were eight instances in which the model predicted temperatures at the dam in excess of the permissible temperature. This situation was not changed by this modification.
Under three-unit operation there were twelve instances in which the model predicted temperatures above the permissible temperatures at the dam.
This modification reduced that number to ten.
The maximum temperature reduction achieved by this modification was 0.6 C.
The overall effect of employing this modification was to reduce the number of instances in which the predicted temperatures exceeded the permissible temperatures from twenty to eighteen.
Addition of Power Spray Modules in the Waste Heat Treatment Facility Study of this modification revealed that it is possible, at least in theory, to install a sufficient number of power spray modules (PSM's) to i maintain predicted temperatures at the dam at or below permissible temperatures at all times during the period studied (Table 5).
l For study of this modirication typical months, July and September, 1957 and January and February,1958 were used.
Under one-unit operating conditions there were no instances in which i
predicted temperatures exceeded permissible temperatures at the dam.
Under two-unit operating conditions there were three instances in which the predicted temperatures exceeded the permissible temperatures at the i
dam and all of these occurred in September, January and February.
. e Under three-unit operating conditions there were four instances in which the predicted temperatures at the dam exceeded the permissible temperatures.
These instances occurred in all four months.
In order to produce temperatures at the dam equal to or less than the permissible temperature at all times during the period studied 1400 PSM's would be required.
To produce temperatures at the dam equal to or less than the permis-sible temperature during July and September 920 PSM's would be required. In July the temperature could be reduced to the permissible temperature at the dam by the addition of 120 PSM's, in considering the above conclusions the following facts are extremely significant:
- 1. The 1400 PSM's are required to reduce predicted temperatures by 5.6 C.
- 2. The 920 PSM's are required to reduce predicted temperatures by 2.2 C.
3 The 120 PSM's are required to reduce predicted temperatures by 0 3 0C.
- 4. If only two-unit operation were considered then
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300 to 720 PSM's would be required to reduce predicted temperatures by 0.6 C to 2.8 C, respectively.
Combina_tions of Modifications in response to Mr. Bowles' request the following combinations were studied:
- 1. Rerouting of the Waste Heat Treatment Facility and increasing the condenser AT to 10 C (18 F).
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j ' 2. Rerouting of the Waste Heat Treatment Faci li ty ,
and installation of PSM's. >
3 Increasing the condenser AT to 10 C (18 F) and installing PSM's.
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- 4. One above and installing PSM's. i Combination 1 This combination still results in fif teen instances in which predicted temperatures above the permissible temperatures at the dam in 1957 and 1962 ,
(Table 6).
Combination 2 This combination in theory will permit us to operate. in such a manner ;
l that predicted temperatures at the dam will be equal to or less than the permis- ;
sible temperatures during the period studied at all times. However, 850 (summer) ,
to 1200 (winter) PSM's will be required.
Combination 3
- The result here is the same as . Combination 2, but 780 (summer) to 1200 (winter) PSM's would be required.
i Combination 4 t
i l The result here is the same as Combination 2, but 580 (summer) to ~
1100 (winter) PSM's would be required.
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FEASIBILITY , COST - BENEFIT AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF t10DIFICAT10NS AND COMBINATIONS OF MODIFICATIONS Feasibility The rerouting of the Waste Heat Treatment Facility as well as the increasing of the condenser AT to 10 C (18 F) are feasible but extremely costly in view of the results. The studies indicate that these modifications would produce limited temperature reductions which would be insufficient to meet the desired levels when applied either separately or in combination.
We consider the Installation of PSM's to be feasible but not practical for the following reasons:
- 1. While the use of such units were seriously conside ed by several utilities in the past and some utilities actually installed the units, maintenance has been high ar.. performance has not achieved design efficiencies.
- 2. There is now only one company to our knowledca that continues to offer such units, but we understand that these units are now being marketed for use in small indus-trial applications.
3 There have been, as far as we can determine, nine lawsuits involving alleged inadequate performance of the PSH's offered by a former manufacturer.
- 4. The present manufacturer was sued by a New England utility because of alleged performance efficiency and drift problems. The case was settled out of court and no details of the settlement have been disclosed.
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Costs ,
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The cost of rerouting the Wste Heat Treatment Facilit'y is,- based ~ _. . , ,
, y, on 1982 dollars, $27,600,000. Construction, time is estimated to be &ree . 4
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ThecostofincreasingcondenserATto10CNISC)~is,bisedon- t . -
p . 3 1982 dollars, $31,300,000. This cost includes condenser tube pluggin'g,
s installation of new circulating water pump impej lers and costs ' associated c:
with station heat rate increases and output d6 crease't-(decreased-st.ation s g t
performance). .\ ~ I ! N5
\ ,..- j, s The cost of the Installation of power spray *roo+,;1es, based on 1982 -
, s3 dollars, is $92,400 per module. The operation and'maintl* nance cost per s -
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i module over the twenty-seven year life of the station,is,$156,200. There -
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Is also an additional cost of $158,800 over the twenty-se'ventyears associated
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, - t with the modification for a barge for installation and hintEnanEe .of the 3 g s. s; i ,,
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To produce temperatures at the dam equal t'o o'r' leys than, the _
permissible temperature during July and September, 1957 Land January'5n~d ,
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February, 1958, 1400 PSM's would be required. Th'e 6osts associated with 's'
! n, ',N this modification are $129,360,000 for purchase and installaElon of the ,.
t 1 l PSM's plus operational costs over the twenty-seven years of $210,280,000 ,
s -c s h plus $158,800 barge costs. The grand total cost for this ' modification iis s . ." i ,
$339,798,800. To produce temperatures at the dam equal to c'r less,tha p -
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the permissible temperatures during July andNSeptemb'er,195y(930 -
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I would be required. The costs associated with this rrodification,are -
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$85,088,000 for purchase and installation of the P3M's plus operationul costs.
As ,, i- s over the twenty-seven years of $138,184,000 plus $158,800 b'aTse costst i
The grand total cost for this modification is $223,350,800. '
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The cost of the modification which includes rerouting the Waste Heat Treatment Facility and increasing the condenser AT to 10 C (18 F) is $58,900,000.
The cost of the modification which includes rerouting the k&si Heat Treatment Facility, increasing condenser AT to 10 C (18 F), and installing
- 1100 PSM's to produce temperatures equal to or less than the permissible t temperatures at the dam during July and September,1957 and January and February, 1958 is $325,918,800. If 580 PSM's are used in this modification to produce temperatures equal to or less than the permissible temperatures at i
the dam during July and September, 1957 the cost is $199,766,800.
The costs of modifications including rerouting the Waste Heat Treatment Facility and installation of PSM's or increasing condenser AT to 10 C (18 F) have not been displayed here, but they will fall between $199,766,800 and $339,798,800, depending on the number of PSM's required.
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Adverse Effects of Modifications As a part of our study we have given consideration to the potential of adverse effects of modifications which might be employed. If the modifi-cation involving increasing the condenser AT to 10 C (IB F) is employed condenser cooling water temperatures in the discharge canal and the Waste Heat Treatment Facility will increase substantially, in our opinicn the effect of this would be to reduce the "living area" for aquatic life in the Waste Heat Treatment Facility during the summertime. Increased temperatures increase the potential for " fogging" in areas adjacent to the Waste Heat Treatment Facility during the winter months under certain meteorological conditions.
We believe that adverse effects from rerouting the Waste Heat Treatment Facility would be minimal, however, there would obviously be loss of terrestrial habitat for wildlife and while most of the rerouting can be done on dry land the certain stages of this project would result in substantial sediment load to the Waste Heat Treatment Facility and possibly Lake Anna for a short period of time.
The installation of PSM units would result in increased humidity levels adjacent to the Waste Heat Treatment Facility as well as increased drift of water particles depending on meteorological conditions. Both of these impacts may result in concern from landowners adjacent to the Waste Heat Treatment Facility. Increased ice formation could also be expected along the periphery of the Waste Heat Treatment Facility in the winter as a result of drift from the units. Perhaps the most significant adverse effect of all
! would be the increased evaporation of water due to the operation of the PSM's.
Depending on the number of units used, evaporative losses could be as high as 63.8 cfs which is 23 cfs more than the low flow released to the North Anna River downstream now. It should be noted that drift losses are not included
In this estimate and these losses could under certain conditons be double the evaporative losses so that the effect of the installation of PSM's under unfavorable meteorological conditions may be the loss of 127 cfs of otherwise usable resources. Wise use of water resources in the state is becoming increasingly Inportant and, if serious throught is given to the installation of PSM's, loss of this resource should be given serious _ consideration.
The Company's position in the summary document' submitted to the Board on March 14, 1982, was that the studies to date'have shown no adverse ecological effects on Lake Anna or North Anna River below the dam as a result of the operation of the power station. We believe that no adverse effect will result from future operations. Also, we are of the opinion that both Vepco and the Board will benefit from continued extensive and intensive ecological monitoring prograns through the construction and early years of operation of Unit 3 We identified and offered a siphon discharge which can be designed and constructed relatively quickly should the need arise.
The examination of the modifications described earlier leads us to conclude that the only modification which will achieve temperatures at the dam equal to or less than the permissible temperatures was a combination of rerouting the Waste Heat Treatment Facility, increasing condenser AT to 10 C (18 F) and the installation of at least 580 PSM's. The cost of this modification would be $199,766,800. The other modification that would produce I t
the desired result would Involve either the installation of 1400 PSM's or 920 PSM's, depending on whether temperatures were produced at the dam equal to or less than the permissible temperature at all times or during July and September (summer) . The cost of these modifications are $339,798,800 and $223,350,800, respectively. We stress again that the installation of 1400 PSM's is required 4
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to reduce the temperature by only 5.6 C. In the absence of any indication of ecological harm at this time and in consideration of the adverse environmental effects from the use of PSM's as well as the inherent technological problems associated with their operation, we see no way that this is either a practical, cost-effective or beneficial modification.
Likewise, for the same reason stated above we see no reason to install 580 PSM's to reduce the temperature by 1.2 C.
SUMMARY
We reiterate our original position that no harm has been shown to date. We see no benefits to be derived from the extremely costly modifications studied and we believe the best course of action is to continue the present ecological studies to ensure that if any unexpected ecological effects result from station operations they will be identified at ar, early date and appropriate action can be taken to mitiga;e these effects.
I Table 1: Predicted Natural Lake Temperatures + 3 C znd Delte-t Values for Juna-September, 1957-1966
R.ference Point 2 * '
A B C D E A B C D E 1957 June-Permissible 3 32.7 1960 No delta-Lb June-Permissible J uly- Permiss i ble 30.8 32 7 No delta-t 3 units 0.3 July-Permissible Augus t- Permi ss ible 31.0 32.0 3 units 3 units 0.4 0.7 0.3 August-Permissible Sep tembe r- Permiss i b le 28.4 32.7 2 units 3 units 0.4 0.6 0.1 September-Permdf 51e 28.8 3 units 2.2 1.7 1.0 0.1 2 units 0.6 0.1 1958 3 units 2.0 1.7 09 June-Permis s i ble 30 9 1961 No deIta-t -
June-Permissible July- Permiss i ble 33 2 29.4 No delta-t No delta-t August permissible Ju ly- Permiss ible 32 ',
31.4 No delta-t 3 units 1.0 0.7 0.1 Augus t- Permiss i ble Sep temtge r- Permi s s i bl e 26.5 31.3 2 units 3 units 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.2 Septembe r- PermilIble 28 9 3 units 2.2 1.8 1.1 0.1 2 units 0.2 1959 3 units 1.7 1.2 0.6 June-Permissible 33.0 1962 No deIta-t June- Permi ss i ble J uly- Permi ss i b le 29,7 32.9 3 units 3 units 0.6 0.2 0.3 July- Permi ss i ble 31.2 Augus t- Permi ss i ble 33.3 3 units 3 units 0.4 0.1 0.4 Augus t- Permi ss i ble Sep tembe r- Permi s s i b l e 29.3 30.2 2 units 3 units 0.8 0.4 0.4 3 units 1.9 September-Perm {gj,25.9 15 0.5 2 units 1.I 0.6 0.1 3 units 2.5 2.1 1.4 0.3
Table 1: Predicted t!atural Lrko Temperatures t 3 C and Delte-t Values for June-Saptembar. 1957-1966 2
(Continued) .
Reference Point i
A B C D E A B C D E 11 6 ),
J une-Permi ss ible 1966 28.8 No delta-t June-Permissible 29.2 July- Permis si bl e 31.6 No delta-t July-Permissible 32.3 No delta-t Augus t- Permi s s ible 29.4 3 units 0.1 Augus t- Permi ssi bl e 29,8 3 units 1.0 0.6 3 units 0.7 0.4 Sep tembe r- Permi!Ible 24.1
- 2 units 0.3 Septembe r- Perml5ible 25.3 i
3 units 2 units 0.7 0.2 1.7 1.1 0.5 3 units 2.1 1.6 09 1964 J une- Permi ss i bl e 29.8 1 - Natural = Honthly average of daily maximum No delta-t temperatures in the epilimnion.
July-Perm iss i ble .31.4 3 units 0.2 2 - Reference Point August-Permissible A - Dam 28.8 3 units 8 - One half way between dam and intake 1.0 0.7 C - Intake September-Permilible 25 5 D - Route 208 bridge 2 units 0.4 E - Pamunkey and North Anna arms. ,
3 units 1.9 1.4 0.7 1965 3 - Permissible temperature = Monthly average of i J une- Permi s s ibl e daily maximum temperatures + 3oc.
28.9 No delta-t July- Permiss ible 31.4 4 - Delta-t = Monthly average of daily maximum No delta-t temperatures resulting f rom 1, 2, and 3 unit Augus t- Permissible 29.9 station operation minus permissible temperatures.
3 units 0.8 0.4 i
Septembe r- Permisible 27.0 3 units 1.4 1.0 0.2
. _ , _ _ =. - - . _. . - _. .
Table 2 : Predicted Natural Lake Temperat. ares + 3 C and Delta-t Values for December-February, 1957-1 % 6. .:.
Reference Point Reference Point A B C D E A B C D E 1957 1959 December-Permissible 10.4 December-Permissible 9.2 2 units 2.1 1.6 0.8 2 units 2.3 1.8 1.0 3 units 4.3 37 2.8 1.2 3 units 4.7 4.1 3.1 1.4
- January-Permissible 6.9 January-Permissible 7.1 2 units 2.7 2.1 1.2 2 units 2.9 2.4 1.5 03 3 units 5.2 4.6 3.5 1.8 3 units 5.6 5.0 4.0 2.3 Februafy-Permissible 5.6 February-Permissible 6.9 2 units 2.8 2.2 1.4 0.8 2 units 2.8 2.3 1.5 0.5 3 units 5.6 4.8 3.8 2.6 0.2 3 units 5.5 4.8 3.8 2.4 1958 196,0, December-Permissible 92 December-Permissible 9.4 2 units 2.0 1.4 0.6 2 units 2.3 1.7 0.9 3 units 4.3 3.7 2.6 0.6 3 units 4.7 4.1 3.0 0.9 January-Permissible 6.1 January-Permissible 5.7 a 2 units 2.8 2.2 13 0.4 2 units 31 2.4 1.6 0.6 3 units 55 4.8 3.7 2.3 3 units 6.0 5.2 4.1 2.5 February-Permissible 7.0 February-Permissible 5.0 2 units 3.2 2.7 19 1.2 1 unit 0.2 3 units 6.1 5.5 4.5 3.3 0.8 2 units 4.0 3.5 2.6 2.2 1.5 3 units 7.0 6.2 5.2 4.3 2.5
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Table 2 : (Cont'd)
Reference Point Reference Point A B C D E A B C D E 1961_ 1963 December-Permissible 9.4 December-Permissible 8.6 2 units 2.3 1.8 1.0 2 units 2.3 1.6 0.8 3 units 4.7 4.1 3.1 1.1 3 units 4.6 3.9 2.8 0. 8 January-Permissible 6.3 January-Permissible 5.0 2 units 29 2.3 1.4 0.5 2 units 3.4 2.7 1.8 1.2 3 units 5.6 4.9 3.9 2.4 3 units 6.1 5.4 4.3 3.0 0.4 February-Permissible 6.6- February-Permissible 59 2 units 3.1 2.6 1.7 1.0 2 units 3.2 2.7 1.8 09 3 units 6.0 5.3 4.4 3.1 05 3 units 6.0 5.4 4.3 2.6 1962 1964 December-Permissible 7.9 December-Permissible 9.9 2 units 2.2 1.5 0.8 2 units 2.4 1.8 1.1 3 unite 4.6 38 2.8 1.1 3 units 4.7 4.1 3.1 1.4 January-Permissible 5.1 January-Permissible 7.2 2 units 3.2 2.5 1.6 09 2 units 2.7 2.1 1.3 0.1 3 units 59 5.1 4.0 2.7 0.1 3 units 5.3 4.6 3.6 1.9 February-Permissible 5.3 February-Permissible 6.6 2 units 3.1 2.6 1.6 0.8 2 units 3.1 2.6 1.7 0.9 3 units 5.9 5.2 4.1 2.8 0.1 3 units 5.8 5.1 4.0 2.8 0.4
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Table 2 : (Cont'd)
Reference Point P.eference Point A B C D E A B C D E 1965 1965 December-Permissible 9.9 December-Permissible 9.6 2 units 2.4 1.9 1.0 2 units 2.1 1.6 0.7 3 units 4.9 4.3 33 1.6 3 units 4.3 3.7 2.7 0.8 January-Permissible 6.9 January-Permissible 6.8 2 units 27 2.1 1.3 0.3 2 units 2.8 2.3 1.4 0.5 3 units 53 4.6 3.5 1.8 3 units 5.6 4.9 3.8 2.5 February-Permissible .4.9 Fe brua ry-Permi s s i ble 7.2 1 unit 0.2 2 units 2.6 2.1 1.2 0.2 2 units 32 3.3 2.4 1.9 1.0 3 units 5.3 4.6 3.6 2.0 3 units 6.7 6.0 4.9 3.9 1.9 1 - Natural = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures in the epilimnion.
2 - Reference Point A - Dam' B - One half way between dam and intake C - Intake D - Route 208 bridge E - Pamunkey and North Anna arms.
! 3 - Permissible temperature = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures + 3 C.
4 - Delta-t = Monthly average of daily.moximum temperatures resulting from 1, 2, and 3 unit station operation minus permissible temperatures.
Table 3 : Predicted Natural Lake Temperatures + 3 C and Delta-t Values for July-September and
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December-February. l95jand1962. ' - ~
Rerouting Modification Reference Point Reference Point.
A B C D E A B C D E 1957 1962 July-Permissibig 32.7 July-Permissible 31.2 No delta-t No delta-t August-Permissible 31.0 Augus t-Permi s s ible 30.2 3 units 0.1 3 units 0.2 Sep tembe r-Permi ss i ble 28.4 September-Permissible 25.9 2 units 0.1 2 units 0.6 0.2 3 units 1.6 1.1 0.4 3 units 2.1 1.6 1.0 December-Permissible 10.4 December-Permissible 7.9 2 units 1.4 0.9 0.3 2 units 1.3 0.7 0.2 3 units 3.9 3.3 2.4 0.9 3 units 3.9 3.2 2.3 0.7 January-Permissible 6.9 January-Permissible 5.1 2 units 1.9 1.3 0.6 2 units 2.2 1.6 0.8 0.4 3 units 4.7 4.0 3.0 1.3 3 units 5.0 4.3 3.2 2.1 February-Permissible 5.6 February-Permissible 5.3 2 units 2.2 1.6 0.8 0.3 2 units 2.6 1.9 1.1 0.6 3 units 4.9 4.3 3.3 2.2 0.1 3 units 5.1 4.4 3.4 2.2 1 - Natural = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures in the epilimnion.
2 - Reference Point A - Dam B - One half way between dam and intake C - Intake 0 - Route 208 bridge E - Pamunkey and North Anna arms.
3 - Permissible temperature = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures + 3 C.
4 - Delta-t = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures resulting from 1, 2, and 3 unit station operation minus permissible temperatures.
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Y Table 4: Predicted Natural Lake Temperatures + 3 C and Delta-t Values for July-Saptemb:r and December-February, 1957 and 1962. .
Condenser Delta-t 10 C (18 F) Modification Reference Point Reference Point A B C D E A B C D E 1957 1962 Jul y-Pe rmi ss i bi 32.7 July-Permissible 31.2 No delta-t No delta-t August-Permissible 31.0 August-Permissible 30.2 3 units 0.2 3 units 0.3 September-Permissible 28.4 September-Permissible 25.9 2 units 0.2 2 units 0.6 0.1 3 units 1.8 1.2 0.4 3 units 2.2 1.7 1.0 Decembe r-Pe rm i ss i bl e 10.4 December-Permissible 7.9 2 units 1.7 2 units 1.7 0.9 0.3 3 units 4. 0 3.3 2.4 09 3 units 4.2 3.4 2.4 0.8 January-Permissible 6.9 Janua ry-Permissible 5.1 2 units 2.2 1.6 0.8 2 units 2.7 2.0 1.1 0.6 3 units 4.7 4.0 - 2.9 1.3 3 units 5.3 4.6 3.5 2.3 February-Permissible 5.6 February-Permissible 5.3 2 units 2.4 1.7 0.9 0.4 2 units 2.7 2.1 1.2 0.5 3 units 5.1 4.3 3.3 2.2 0.1 3 units 5.3 4.6 3.6 2.2 1 - Naturbi = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures in the epilimnion.
2 - Reference Point A - Dam B - One half way-between dam and intake C - Intake D - Route 208 bridge E - Pamunkey and North Anna arms.
3 Permissible temperature = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures + 3 C.
4 - Delta-t = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures resulting from.1, 2, and 3 unit station operation minus permissible temperatures.
Table 5: Analysis of. Power Spray Module (PSM's) Units Rrquired to Produce
'. ,', Temperaturas at tha Lxks Anna Dim Lsss Thin or Equal to th2 Permissible Temperatures.
Nuclear Modification PSM UNITS NEEDED Units Options July, 1957 Sept., 1957 Jan., 1958 Feb., 1958 2 No change 0 300 600 720 Reroute 0 80 450 500 10 C(18 F) AT 0 150 500 600 Combination 0 0 350 400 3 3 No change 120 920 1300 1400 Reroute 0 850 1100 1200 1
10 C(18 F) AT 0 780 1100 1200 Combination 0 580 950 1100 i
_ __ = - .
Table 6 : Predicted' Natural Lake Temperatures + 3 C and Delta-t Values for July-Septcaber and December-February, 1957-1966. .
Combination Rerouting and Condenser Delta-t 10 C (18 F) Modification Reference Point Reference Point A B C D E A B C D E 1957 _1_9_6_2_
July-Permissibi 32.7 July-Permissible 31.2 No delta-t No delta-t August-Permissible 31.0 August-Permissibic 30.2 No delta-t No delta-t September-Permissible 28.4 September-Permissible 25.2 3 units 1.2 0.7 0.1 2 units 0.2 3 units 1.6 1.1 0.6 December-Permissible 10.4 . December-Permissible 7.9 2 units 1.1 0.6 2 units 1.1 0.4 3 units 3.4 2.7 1.9 0.4 3 units 3.3 2.6 1.7 0.2 January-Permissible 6.9 January-Permissible 5.1 2 units 1.5 0.9 0.2 2 units 1.9 1.2 0.4 0.1 3 units 4.0 3.3 2.3 0.9 3 units 4.4 3.8 2.7 1.8 February-Permissible 5.6 Februa ry-Permis s i b le 5.3 2 units 1.7 1.1 0.4 0.1 2 units 1.9 1.3 0.4 0.1 3 units 4.3 37 27 1.7 3 units 4.6 3.9 2.9 1.8 1 - Natural = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures in the epilimnion.
2 - Reference Point A - Dam B - One half way between dam and intake C- Intake D - Route 208 bridge E - Pamunkey and North Anna arms 3 - Permissible temperature = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures + 3 C.
4 - Delta-t = Monthly average of daily maximum temperatures resulting from 1. 2, and 3 unit sta tion operation minus permissible temperatures.
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s _] m fc' / R:>% F -' +1 ;;- d r [t p/ y e9 ' [L , '. ., i, - 4l 1 / (c- - id ." 4))v# y L F ,q ;y l{. g 32> ,A - G$ a FN.-4 (- I 61 r, t l- , h, 7 g .4 ,y ?. n 4 .t f,/ + lF l- ' 0,,a O y, un .J y, ^d' I LI .1 [ ,;) ,< r~1 (l i; k/ [r Hi gj . "1 l LI l:1 7 l- , F-4 g, t) Id fC (L FIGURE 2-8 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C REROUTING YEAR =1957 MONTH = FEBRUARY UNITS OPER ATIONAL = 2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =2.6 PAMUNKEY ARM ;- 9 s % den:: n. g 7 8 ,"7 j t;<g g + F:E%4 HALF WAY BETWEEN ~~?A INNES AND DAM N ::::::
- DAM
# ';s LEGEND: DELTA T - I < 3. 0 ' + 0. 3 M + 0. 8 ! ' ' ' ' ! !' +1.6 +2.2 FIGURE 2-9 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C REROUTING YEAR =1957 MONTH = FEBRUARY UNITS OPERATIONAL =3 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =2.6 h. 4 I I % f M*f"#vtAA / sa f [p g* M ~7 a : %::: gy' J'"::hd 2;;=] :d: p$ k ,Q* > INTAKES AND DAM p+ [ I; :::::
- DAM
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- bO NP q O ME I O b
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- NP ME Y !
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l p .: .- I, I iD u i >.-4 , ( l m o i. t I- . __ _ . FIGURE 3-1 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F) YEAR =1957 MONTH = AUGUST UNITS OPERATIONAL =3 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =26.O s
- PAMUNKEY ARM k
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- HALF WAY BETVIEEN oJ ^J ff INTAKES AND DAM
$ f % %f e/ ' ^" ( J f wy LE GE ND: D ELTf:._T I I < 3. 0 + 0. 2 FIGURE 3-2 ~~ LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPER.ATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F) YEAR =1957 MONTH = SEPTEMBER UNITS OPERATIONAL =2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =25.4 \ $ % MUNKEY ARM Pf9PiW(/ D ,kIh[.,h cp 1, , jf ' . n... n4ic rsr.s n n u ve ra W j ~ ' $' 't/L Yi 5 go ADAM LE GE t@ : DELTA _T I l ( 3. 0 ' +0.2 FIGURE 3-3 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (15 F) YEAR =1957 MONTH = SEPTEMBER UNITS OPERATIONAL =3 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =25.4 ( AMUNKEY ARM tj ff 0, ) \ _4 ' i t f / h !$4 # o/e_ ,r' a%"Wie, r% a
- HALF 4
. ij'AY . . . < - ETEEN ~ -~ g' " 7 ,# "A:5[ Wf 2: 4C
- DAM f? 'g, LEGEND- DELTA _T I I < 3. O U ! ! ' ! ! ! !! + 0. 4 " ' ' ' ' ' i " + 1. 2 '
+1 8 FIGURE 3-4 ~ LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA. T VALUES ABO'E PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F) YEAR =1957 MONTH = DECEMBER UNITS OPERATIONAL =2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =7.4 N q $g MUNKEY ARM @T**7%% W - M,s i s T
- f. MM 8 Y ^-,C' k*%[h@# [g a HALF WAY BETWEEN
[' 3G D ,9 rr 3 INTAXES AND DAf.' g[ #y fe----_% k s ,p# , i;;;;;;# ^ o^ " r-LE G E ND: DELTA _T I I ( 3. O ! ! ! ' ' ' ' ! !! + 0. 3 h it*'id + 1. 1 t ' ' +1.7 i a 0 ( Y o rl Ul 2 l + e. ,b Il3 g p' aa ( Wz 'C M L4 {n m'l
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d, 2 \ >a '~ > a m q 4' . q4 a z d, @ N Qi?p $ t- _; r, [_g j ty Ui 6 O ^ u laJ td M [) . F uJ CC EL FIGURE 3-6 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F) YEAR =1957 MONTH =7ANUARY UNITS OPERATIONAL =2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =3.9 4UNKEY ARM W iP V 4 g f^ , d' " (bLM) *N__2 ,)Yg ,4
- HALF WAY BETWEEN cp ,
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YE AR = 19 6 2 MONTH = AUGUST UNITS OPERATIONAL =3 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =~27.2
- PAMUNKEY ARM 4 d [
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(7
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FIGURE 3-17 LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T s/ALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURA! WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C o a CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F)
YEAR =1962 MONTH = FEBRUARY UNITS OPERATIONAL =2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =2.3
/
$g PAMUNKEY MM
>d n
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FIGURE 4-1 -
.~
LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED D ELTA T VALUES A.BO\E PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C COMBINATION OF REROUTING AND CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F)
YEAR =1957 MONTH = SEPTEMBER UNITS OPERATIONAL =3 NATURAL TEMPERATLIRE=25.4 J
g ( *P
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LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C COMBINATION OF REROUTING AND CONDENSER DELTA T 10 C (18 F)
YEAR =1957 MONTH = JANUARY UNITS OPERATIONAL =2 NATURAL TEMPERATURE =3,9 n
- PAMUNKEY ARM N.
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LAKE ANNA EPILIMNETIC WATER TEMPERATURES PREDICTED DELTA T VALUES ABOVE PREDICTED NATURAL WATER TEMPERATURES +3 C COMBINATION OF REROUTING AND CONDENSER DELTA T 1U " C (18 F)
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