ML20044F341
| ML20044F341 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | University of Lowell |
| Issue date: | 05/31/1993 |
| From: | MASSACHUSETTS, UNIV. OF, LOWELL, MA (FORMERLY LOWELL |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20044F342 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 9305280038 | |
| Download: ML20044F341 (54) | |
Text
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1 PROPOSED TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
FOR THE j
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LOWELL REACTOR WITH LOW ENRICHMENT FUEL t
b May, 1993 9305280038 930521 PDR ADOCK 05000223 P
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.0 DEFINITIONS 1.1 ABNORMAL OCCURRENCES - An abnormal occurrence is any of the following:
a.
Any actual safety system setting less conservative than specified in Paragraph 2.2 of these Technical Specifications; b.
Operation in violation of a limiting condition for operation; c.
Safety system component malfunction or other component or system malfunction which could, or threatens to, render the system incapable of performing its intended function; d.
Release of fission products from a fuel element in a quantity that would indicate a fuel element cladding failure; An uncontrolled or unanticipated change in reactivity e.
greater than 0.5% delta k/k; f.
An observed inadequacy in the implementation of either
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administrative or procedural controls, such that the inadequacy could have caused the existence or development of an unsafe condition in connection with the operation of the reactor; g.
Conditions arising from natural or offsite manmade events l
that affect or threaten to affect the safe operation of the facility.
1.2 CH ANNEL - A channel is the combination of sensor, line, amplifier, i
and output devices which are connected for the purpose of measuring the value of a parameter.
Such a channel is also t
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i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
referred to as a measuring channel.
It may or may not be a safety channel.
I.3 CHANNEL CALIBR ATION - A channel calibration is an adjustment of the channel such that its output corresponds with acceptable r
accuracy to known values of the parameter which the channel f
measures.
Calibration shall encompass the entire channel, including equipment actuation, alarm, or trip and shall be deemed to include a Channel Test.
i 1.4 CHANNEL CHECK - A channel check is a qualitative verification of-acceptable performance by observation of channel behavior.
This verification, where possible, shall include comparison of the channel with other independent channels or systems measuring the same variable.
i 1.5
. CHANNEL TEST - A channel test is the introduction of a signal into l
the channel for verification that it is operable.
1.6 CONTAINMENT BUILDING INTEGRITY -Integrity of the containment building is said to be maintained when all isolation system equipment is operable or secured in an isolating position.
l 1.7 CONTROL ROD - A control rod is a device fabricated from neutron absorbing material which is used to establish neutron flux changes and to compensate for routine reactivity losses.
A control rod is coupled to its drive unit allowing it to perform a safety function when the coupling is disengaged.
1.8 EXCESS REACTIVITY - Excess reactivity is that amount of reactivity that would exist if all control rods (control and l
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
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regulating) were moved to the maximum reactive condition from.
l the point where the reactor is exactly critical (keff=1).
1.9 EXPERIMENT - An experiment is any operation, hardware, or j
3 target which is designed to investigate non-routine reactor characteristics or which is intended for. irradiation within the pool, q
on or in a beamport or irradiation facility and which is not rigidly j
i secured to a core or shield structure so as to be a part of their f
i design.
i 1.10 MEASURED VALUE - The measured value is the value of a j
parameter as it appears at the output of a channel.
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1.11 MOVABLE EXPERIMENT - A movable expenment is one m which i
the entire experiment may be moved into or out of the core or i
i core region while the reactor is operating.
1.12 OPER ABLE - Operable means a component or system is capable of l
performing its intended function.
l.13 OPER ATING - Operating means a component or systcm is 4
performing its intended function.
1.14 PROTECTIVE CHANNEL - A protective channel is a channel in the reactor safety system which is not merely a measuring channel.
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1.15 REACTOR OPERATING MODE -Reactor operating mode refers to the e
l method by which the core is cooled, either natural convection mode of operation or forced convection mcde of operation.
j l.16 REACTOR OPER ATING - The reactor a operating whenever it is not secured or shutdown.
1.17 REACTOR SAFETY SYSTEM - The reactor safety system consists of i
those systems, including their associated input channels, which I
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS are designed to initiate automatic reactor protection or to provide information for initiation of manual protective action.
1.18 REACTOR SECURED - The reactor is secured when:
(1)
It contains insufficient fissile material or moderator present in the reactor, adjacent experiments or control rods, to attain criticality under optimum available conditions of moderation I
and reflection, or (2)
A combination of the following:
a.
The minimum number of neutron absorbing control rods are fully inserted or other safety devices are in the shutdown position, as required by technical specifications, and b.
The console key switch is in the off position and the I
key is removed from the lock, and I
No work is in progress involving core fuel, core i
c.
structure, installed control rods, or control rod drives unless i
they are physically decoupled from the control rods, and d.
No experiments in or near the reactor are being moved or serviced that have, on movement, a reactivity worth i
exceeding that maximum value allowed for a single experiment or one dollar, whichever is smaller.
1.19 REACTOR SHUTDOWN - The reactor is shut down if it is suberitical by at least 0.7% delta k/k in the Reference Core Condition plus the absolute reactivity worth of all experiments.
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TECHNICAL JPECIFICATIONS i
l 1.20 REFERENCE CORE CONDITION - The condition of the core when it is I
at ambient temperature (cold) and the reactivity worth of xenon i
is negligible <.2% delta k/k.
1.21 REGULATING ROD - The regulating rod is a low worth control rod, used primarily to maintain an intended power level, that does not have scram capability.
Its position may be varied manually or by the servo-controller.
1.22 LA_FETY CHANNEL - A safety channel is a measuring or protective A
channel in the reactor safety system.
1.23 SECURED EXPERIMENT - A secured experiment is an experiment, experimental facility, or component of an experiment that is held in a stationary position relative to the reactor by mechanical means.
The retaining devices must be able to withstand the hydraulic, pneumatic, buoyant, or other forces which are normal t
to the operating environment of the experiment, or forces which j
can arise as a result of credible malfunctions.
1.24 SHALL. SHOULD. AND MAY - The word shall, is used to denote a i
requirement; the word should to denote a recommendation; and the word may to denote permission, neither a requirement nor a recommendation.
1.25 SHUTDOWN M ARGIN - Shutdown margin shall mean the minimum I
a shutdown reactivity necessary to provide confidence that the l
reactor can be made suberitical by means of control and safety systems starting from any permissible operating condition although the most reactive rod is in its most reactive position, and I
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS I
i that the reactor will remain suberitical without further operational _ action.
1.26 SURVEILLANCE INTERVALS - Allowable surveillance intervals 1
shall not exceed the following:
l Five year (interval not to exceed six years) a.
b.
Two year (interval not to exceed two and one half years) c.
Annual (interval not to exceed 15 months) d.
Semi-annual (interval not to exceed seven and one half months) e.
Quarterly (interval not to exceed four months) f.
Monthly (interval not to exceed six weeks) g.
Weekly (interval not to exceed ten days) l h.
Daily (must be done during the calendar day).
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1.27 TRUE VALUE - The truc value is the actual value of a parameter.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 2.0 SAFETY LIMITS AND LIMITING SAFETY SYSTEM SETTINGS i
2.1 SAFETY LIMITS -
2.1.1 Safety limits in the forced convection mode of operation.
Applicability
{
This specification applies to the interrelated variables associated with core thermal and hydraulic performance f
i with forced convection flow.
These variables are:
P Reactor thermal power
=
i W=
Reactor coolant flow rate Ti =
Reactor coolant in!et temperature L
Height of water above the center line of the core
=
Obiective l
To assure that the integrity of the fuel cladding is i
maintained.
Specification Under the conditions of forced convection flow:
1.
The combination of true values of reactor thermal power (P) and reactor coolant flow rate (W)'shall not exceed the limits shown in Figure 2.1 T.S under any i
operating conditions.
The limits are considered l
exceeded if the point defined by the true values of P j
and W is at any time above the curve shown in Figure 2.1 T.S.
i 2.
The true value of the pool w er level (L) shall not be i
less than 24 feet above the center line of the core.
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7 6-5-
i e
4-g X
.5 C
>0 i
3-2-
1-t 1
0 0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Flow Rate (gal. / min.)
Figure 2.1 T.S. Power-Flow Safe,ty Limit Curve TS-7A
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
3.
The true value - of tFe reactor coolant inlet temperature (pool temperature, Tp) shall not be greater than 1100F.
Bases In the region of full power operation, the criterion used to establish the safety limit was the onset of nucleate boiling (ONB) at the hot spot in the hot channel. The analysis is given in Section 3.1.2.2 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to Low Enrichment Uranium (LEU) Fuel.
2.1.2 Safety Limits in the natural convection mode of operation.
f Applicability This specification applies to the interrelated variables associated with core thermal and hydraulic performance with natural convection flow.
These variables are:
P Reactor thermal power
=
Tp = Reactor pool temperature L
Ileight of water above the center line of the core
=
Obiective To assure that the integrity of the fuel cladding is maintained.
Specification Under conditions of natural convection flow:
1.
The true value of the reactor thermal power (P) shall not exceed 0.335 MW.
2.
The true value of the reactor thermal power (P) shall not exceed 1.33 kW when the true value of the pool i
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS f
)
water level (L) is less than 24 feet above the center line of the core.
3.
The reactor shall not be taken critical when the true
-l value of the pool water level (L) is less than '2 feet.
above the center line of the core.
i 4.
The true value of the reactor coolant inlet temperature (pool temperature T ) shall not be greater than' p
1100F.
Bases
-l The criterion for establishing a safety limit with natural convection flow is the onset of nucleate boiling at the hot spot on the hot channel.
The analysis of natural convection i
flow given in Section 3.1.2.1 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel shows that ONB occurs at 0.335 MW with a corresponding fuel clad temperature of 118.60C (245.5 F) which is well below the temperature at which fuel clad damage could occur.
i Operation of the reactor with less than full water height above the core is limited to a power about 250 times lower j
than the limit with full water height; there is no possibility i
of fuel clad damage under water immersion at 1.33 kW.
2.2 LIMITING SAFETY SYSTEM SE'ITINGS 2.2.1 Limiting Safety System Settings in the forced convection mode of operation.
1 I
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
Applicability This specification applies to the setpoints for the safety i
channels monitoring reactor thermal power (P), coolant flow rate (W), reactor coolant inlet temperature (Ti), and the height of water above the center line of the core -(L).
Obiective To assure that automatic protective action is initiated in order to prevent a Safety Limit from being exceeded.
Specification Under conditions of forced convection flow the values of the Limiting Safety System Settings shall be as follows:
P 1.25 MWt (max)
=
W=
1170 GPM (min) l Ti = 1080F (max)
L
= 24.25 ft (min)
Blits The Limiting Safety System Settings that are given in i
Specification 2.2.1 represent values of the interrelated variables which, if exceeded, shall result in automatic protective action that will prevent Safety Limits from being exceeded during the course of the most adverse anticipated transient.
To determine the LSSS given above, an analysis of the uncertainties in the instruments and measurements was taken into account.
These safety settings are adjusted so that the true value of the measured parameter will not exceed the specified Safety Limits.
The results of these TS-10 i
I TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
adjustments included a flow variation of 4%, a temperature variation of 20F, a power level variation of 6%, and a pool water level variation of three inches.
(See Section 3.1.2.5 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel and i
Paragraph 9.1.2 of the FSAR).
2.2.2 Limiting Safety System Settings in the natural convection flow mode of operation.
Applicability This specincation applies to the setpoints for the safety channels monitoring reactor thermal power (P), reactor pool' (T ), and the height of water above the center l
temperature p
line of the core (L).
Obiective To assure that automatic protective action is initiated in order to prevent undesirable radiation levels on the surface of the pool.
Snecification Under conditions of natural convection flow the measured i
values of the Limiting Safety System Settings shall be as follows:
Full Pool Level Low Pool Level P = 125 kW (max)
P = 1.25 kW (max) i Tp = 1080F (max)
Tp = 1080F (max)
L = 24.25 ft (min)
L = 2.25 ft (min) i f
d TS-11
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS -
Bases The Limiting Safety System Settings that are given in f
Specification 2.2.2 represent values of the interrelated variables which, if exceeded, shall result in automatic 1
protective action that will prevent undesirable radiation levels on the surface of the pool due to: a) the production and escape of 16N during the natural convection mode of I
operation with full pool level, and b) direct radiation from the core during low pool level operation.
The specifications given above assure that an adequate safety margin exists between the LSSS and the SL for natural convection, because the values of the power LSSS would be much higher (335 kW, Section 3.1.2.1 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion I
to LEU Fuel) if the specifications were based on Safety Limits rather than on 16N production.
The 16N criterion is not related to the ONB which was the criterion used in
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establishing the Safety Limits (see Section 3.1.2.1 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel).
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS l
t 3.0 LIMITING CONDITIONS FOR OPERATION 3.1 REACTIVITY Applicability These specifications apply to the reactivity condition of the reactor and the reactivity worths of control rods, regulating rod, I
and experiments.
Obiective P
To assure that the reactor can be safely shutdown and maintained in a safe shutdown condition at all times and that the Safety Limits will not be exceeded.
Specification The reactor shall not be operated unless the following conditions exist:
l.
The minimum shutdown margin relative to the cold, clean (xenon-free) critical condition, with the most reactive r
control rod in the fully withdrawn position, is greater than 2.7% delta k/k.
2.
The reactor core is loaded so that the excess reactivity in the cold clean (xenon-free) critical condition does not exceed 4.7% delta k/k.
3.
All core grid positions are filled with fuel elements, irradiation baskets, source holders, regulating rod, graphite reflector elements or grid plugs.
This specification will not apply for low power, <10 kW, physics tests without forced flow.
All but 5 of the peripheral radiation baskets must contain flow restricting devices.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 4.
The drop time of each control rod from a fully withdrawn position is less than 1.0 second.
5.
The isothermal temperature coefficient of reactivity is negative at temperatures >700F.
l 6.
The reactivity insertion rates of the control rods are less than 0.025% delta k/k per second.
7.
The total reactivity worth of the regulating rod is less than I
the effe.ctive delayed neutron fraction.
8.
The reactivity insertion rate of the regulating rod is less than 0.054% delta k/k per secort 9.
The reactivity worth of experiments shall not exceed the values indicated in the following table:
t Kind Single Experiment Worth Total Worth Movable (including the 0.1% delta k/k 0.5% delta k/k pneumatic rabbit) summed together for all experiments Secured experiments 0.5% delia k/k 2.5% delta k/k 10.
The total reactivity worth of all experiments shall not be greater than 2.5% delta k/k.
Bases 1.
The shutdown margin required by Specification 1 assures that the reactor can be shut down from any operating condition and will remain shutdown after cooldown and xenon decay, even if the highest worth control rod should be in the fully withdrawn position.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS F
i 2.
The maximum allowed excess reactivity of 4.7% delta k/k i
provides sufficient reactivity to accommodate fuel burnup, xenon and samarium poisoning buildup, experiments, and -
control requirements, but gives a sufficient shutdown j
margin even with the highest worth rod fully withdrawn.
I 3.
The requirement that all grid plate positions be filled and the restriction on radiation baskets during reactor operation assures that the quantity of primary coolant which bypasses the heat producing elements will be kept within the limits used in establishing Safety Limits in Section 3.1.2 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel. This requirement does not apply under natural circulation conditions at low power 4.
The control rod drop time required by Specification 4 i
assures that the Safety Limit will not be exceeded during the flow coast down which occurs upon loss of forced convection coolant flow.
The analysis of this situation, which is given in Section 3.1.2.5 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to. LEU Fuel, assumes a 1 second rod drop time.
5.
The requirement for a negative temperature coefficient of reactivity assures that any temperature rise caused by a reactor transient will not cause a further increase in reactivity.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.
The maximum rate of reactivity insertion by the control rods which is allowed in Specification 6 assures that the i
Safety Limit will not be exceeded during a startup accident due to a continuous linear reactivity insertion.
Analysis in Section 3.1.2.9 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to' l
LEU Fuel shows that a maximum power of less than 1.3 MW would be reached assuming a continuous linear reactivity insertion rate of 0.035% delta k/k per second, which is greater than the maximum allowed.
7.
Limiting the reactivity worth of the regulating rod to a value less than the effective delayed neutron fraction assures that a failure of the automatic servo control system could not result in a prompt critical condition.
8.
The maximum rate of reactivity insertion by the regulating i
rod which is allowed in Specification 8 assures that the Safety Limit on reactor power will not be exceeded during an operational accident involving the continuous withdrawal of the regulating rod. The analysis, in Section 3.1.2.9 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel, shows that the maximum power reached would be about 1.3 MW.
9.
Specificatwn 9 assures that the failure of a single experiment will not result in the exceeding of a Safety Limit; the analysis of the step insertion of 0.5% delta k/k is given in Section 3.1.2.8 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel.
Limiting a movable experiment such as the pneumatic rabbit to 0.1% delta k/k assures that the prompt TS-16 j
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS jump, which is about 17%, will result in a power below the power level scram setting, i.e., below 125% of power.
10.
The total reactivity of 2.5% in Specification.10 places a reasonable upper limit on the worth of all experiments which is compatible with the allowable excess reactivity and the shutdown margin and is consistent with the functional mission of the reactor.
3.2 REACTOR INSTRUMENTATION Applicability i
This specification applies to the instrumentation which must be available and operable for safe operation of the reactor.
i Obiective
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The objective is to require that sufficient information be available t
to the operator to assure safe operation of the reactor.
Specification The reactor shall not be operated unless the measuring channels listed in the following table are operable:
Minimum Operating Mode in Measurine Channel Reauired which Reauired Startup Count Rate I
All modes (during reactor startup)
Log N (Period)
I All modes Power Level (Linear N) 2 All modes Reactor Coolant Inlet 1
Forced convection Temperature Coolant Flow Rate I
Forced convection TS-17 m
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Reactor Pool Temperature I
All modes Bases The neutron detectors assure that measurements of the reactor power level are adequately displayed during reactor startup and low and high power operation.
The temperature and flow detectors give information to the operator to prevent the exceeding of a Safety Limit.
3.3 REACTOR SAFETY SYSTEM Applicability This specification applies to the reactor safety system channels.
Obiective To require the minimum number of reactor safety system channels that must be operable in order to assure safe operation of the reactor.
Specification The reactor shall not be operated unless the reactor safety system channels described in the following table are operable.
Reactor Safety Minimum Operating Mode System Component / Channel Reauired Function in Which Required Startup Count Rate 1
Prevent blade Reactor startup withdrawal in all modes when N count rate s 2 cps Reactor Period 1
Automatic reactor All modes scram with s 3 sec pa:;od Control blade inhibit s 15 sec period TS-18
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATlONS Reactor Safety Minimum Operating Mode System Component / Channel Required Function in Which Required Reactor Power Level 2
Automatic scram All modes when 2.125% of range scale Coolant Flow Rate 1
Automatic scram Forced convec-at 1170 gpm tion above 0.1 -
l MW i
Seismic Disturbance 1
Automatic scram at All modes i
Modified Mercalli Scale IV l
t Primary Piping Alignment 1
Automatic scram Forced Convec-tion above 0.1 MW Pool Water Level 1
Automatic scram at:
(1) 24.25 ft (1) All modes above core center with full water i
line; height; (2) 2.25 ft above (2) operation core center line with limited i
water height Pool Temperature 1
Automatic scram All modes i
21080F Coolant inlet Temperature 1
Automatic scram Forced convec-2 1080F tion above 0.1 MW Bridge Movement 1
Automatic scram All modes if moved >l inch i
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i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Reactor Safety Minimum Operating Mode i
System Component / Channel Required Function in Which Required i
Coolant Gate Opens 2
Automatic scram if Forced. convec-either the coolant tion above 0.1 riser or coolant MW; down downcomer gate -
comer flow l
opens pattern i
1 Automatic scram if Forced convec -
l the coolant riser tion above 0.1 l
gate opens MW; cross pool' flow pattern i
Detector High Voltage Failure 1
Automatic scram if All modes Voltage <500V Thermal Column Door Open 1
Automatic scram All modes Truck Door and/or Air lock 3
Automatic scram All modes Integrity Manual Scram Button 1
Manual scram All modes
" Reactor On" Key-Switch 1
Manual scram All modes if "off" r
i TS-20 i
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Bases The inhibit function on the startup channel assures that the re-quired startup neutron source is sufficient and in a proper location for the reactor startup, such that a minimum source multiplication count rate level is being detected to ensure proper i
operation of the startup channel.
The automatic protective action initiated by the reactor period l
channel, high flux channels, flow rate channels, coolant inlet temperature channel, pool temperature channel, and pool water level channel provides the redundant protection to assure that a Safety Limit is not exceeded.
Automatic protection action initiated by the seismic detector, bridge misalignment, opening of coolant gates, high voltage failure, and opening of thermal column door assures shutdown of the reactor under conditions that could lead to a safety problem.
The automatic protective action covering the condition of the air i
lock doors assures that containment capability is maintained.
l The manual scram button and the " Reactor On" Key-Switch j
provide two manual scram methods to the operator if any abnormal condition should occur.
3.4 RADIATION MONITORING EOUIPMENT l
Applicability This specification applies to the availability of radiation l
monitoring equipment which must be operable during reactor operation.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS l
r Obiective j
To assure that radiation monitoring equipment is available for evaluation of radiation conditions in restricted and unrestricted l
areas.
I Specification 1.
When the reactor is operating, gaseous and particulate f
sampling of the stack effluent shall be monitored by a stack i
monitor with reedouts in the control room.
2.
When the reactor is operating, at least one constant air f
monitoring unit located in the containment building on the reactor pool level and having a readout in the control room shall be operating.
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3.
The reactor shall not be continuously
- operated without a minimum of one radiation monitor on the experimental level l
1 of the reactor building and one monitor over the reactor pool operating and capable of warning personnel of high radiation levels.
Bases t
A continuing evaluation of the radiation levels within the reactor l
building will be made to assure the safety of personnel.
This is accomplished by the area monitoring system of the type described l
in Chapter 10 of the FSAR.
t l'
4 4
- In order to continue operation of the reactor, replacement of an inoperative monitor i
must be made within 15 minutes of recognition of failure, except that the reactor may be j
operated in a steady-state power mode if the installed systems are replaced with portable gamma-sensitive instruments having their own alarm.
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TS-22 i
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
A continuing evaluation of the stack effluent will be made using the information recorded from the particulate and gas monitors.
3.5 CONTAINMENT AND EMERGENCY EXHAUST SYSTEM t
Applicability This specification applies to the operation of the reactor containment and emergency exhaust system.
Objective i
To assure that the containment and emergency exhaust system is in operation to mitigate the consequences of possible release of radioactive materials resulting from reactor operation.
Specification j
The reactor shall not be operated unless the following equipment is operable, and conditions met:
f Equipment / Condition Function 1.
At least one door in each of the To maintain containment personnel air locks is closed system integrity and the truck door is closed.
2.
All isolation valves, except To maintain containment that reactor operation can system integrity proceed if a failed isolation valve is in the closed (isolated) position.
i i
M t
TS-23 e
s m-
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Eauinment/ Condition Function 3.
Initiation system for containment To maintain containment isolation.
system integrity 4.
Emergency exhaust system To maintain the ability to tend toward a negative building pressure without unloading any large fraction of possible airborne activity.
5.
Vacuum relief device To ensure that building vacuum will not exceed 0.2 psi.
6.
Reactor Alarm system
- To assure that proper emer-gency action is taken.
Bases In the unlikely event of a release of fission products, or other airborne radioactivity, the containment isolation initiation system will secure the normal ventilation exhaust fan, will bypass the normal ventilation supply up the stack, and will close the normal inlet and exhaust valves.
In containment, the emergency exhaust system will tend to maintain a negative building pressure with a combination of controls intended to prevent unloading any large fraction of airborne activity if the internal building pressure is high.
The emergency exhaust purges the building air through charcoal and absolute filters and controls the :lischarge, which is diluted by supply air, through a 100-foot stack on site.
Chapter 3
- The public address system can serve as a temporary substitute for reactor evacuation and formation of the Emergency Team during short periods of maintenance.
TS-24
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS-i of the FSAR describes the system's sequence of cperation; Chapter l
9 provides the analysis.
3.6 LIMITATIONS OF EXPERIMENTS Applicability This specification applies to experiments to be installed in the j
reactor and associated experimental facilities.
Obiectives To prevent damage to the reactor or excessive release of radioactive materials in the ever.' of an experiment failure.
Specification t
The reactor shall not be operated unless the following conditions governing experiments exist:
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1.
All materials to be irradiated shall be either corrosion resistant or encapsulated within corrosion resistant containers to prevent interaction with reactor components or pool water.
Corrosive materials shall be doubly encapsulated.
2.
Irradiation containers to be used in the reactor, in which a static pressure will exist or in which a pressure buildup is predicted, shall be designed and tested for a pressure exceeding the maximum expected by a factor of 2.
3.
Explosive material such as (but not limited to) gunpowder, dynamite, TNT, nitroglycerine, or PETN in quantities <25 mg may be irradiated in the reactor or experimental facilities provided out-of-core tests indicate that, with the
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containment provided, no damage to the explosive TS-25
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
containers, the reactor, the reactor components or the Co-60 Source rhall occur upon detonation of the explosive.
4.
Explosive materials, in quantities >25 mg shall not be l
allowed in the reactor or the reactor pool without rigorous safety evaluation, and special authorization from 'the USNRC.
5.
All experiments shall be designed against ' failure from i
internal and external heating at the true values associated with the LSSS for reactor power level and other process variables.
6.
The outside surface temperature of a submerged experiment or capsule shall not exceed the saturation temperature of the reactor coolant during operation of the reactor.
f 7.
Experimental apparatus, material or equipment to be j
irradiated shall be positioned so as not to cause shadowing i
of the nuclear instrumentation, interference with control rods, or other perturbations which may interfere with safe operation of the reactor.
8.
Cryogenic liquids shall not be used in any experiment within the reactor pool.
9.
, 5-reactor shall not be operated whenever the reactor core is in the same end of the reactor pool as any portion of the Cobalt-60 Source.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
i Bases Specifications 1 through 6 are intended to reduce the likelihood of damage to reactor components and/or radioactivity releases resulting from experiment failure, including any experiment involving the Co-60 Source and, along with the reactivity l
restriction of pertinent specifications in 3.1, serve as a guide for the review and approval of new and untried experiments by the operations staff as well as the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
Specification 7 assures that no physical or nuclear interferences compromise the safe operation of the reactor by, for example, tilting the flux in a way that could affect the peaking factor used in the Safety Limit calculations.
Review of the experiments using the appropriate LCO's and the Administrative Controls of Section 6 assures that the insertion of experiments will not negate the considerations implicit in the Safety Limits.
Specification 8 prohibits experiments using cryogenic materials.
(Special NRC permission would be required.)
Cryogenic liquids present structural and explosive problems which enhance the potential of an experiment failure.
Specification 9 assures that there will be no interference, either instrumental or procedural, between the reactor and tne cobalt source during reactor operation.
j r
i TS-27
~
~
1 i
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
3.7 GASEOUS EFFLUENTS Anplicability This specification applies to the routine release of gaseous t
radioactive effluents from the facility.
Obiective The objective is to minimize the release of gaseous radioactive effluents, particularly Argon-41, the effluent most likely to be ~
generated in routine -operation.
Specification l
The release rate of gaseous radioactive material from the reactor stack shall be limited to 8 microcuries per second averaged over a-l year.
i Bases f
Calculations based on a very conservative model, allowing for no atmospheric dilution of the gaseous effluent, have predicted an I
annual dose of 12 mrem to an individual exposed to the effluent on a continual basis for an Argon-41 release rate of 8 microcuries per second.
Allowance for even minimal atmospheric turbulence would reduce this dose number by about a factor of three.
3.8 COOLANTSYSTEM
[
Apolicability This specification applies to the reactor pool water requirements for operation of the reactor.
r 4
i TS-28
^
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
Obiective The objectives are to require that the reactor pool water be of high purity in order to retard corrosion and to monitor the integrity of the fuel cladding and the Cobalt-60.
Specification
{
1.
The conductivity of the pool water shall be maintained at a value of 5 micrombos per centimeter or less averaged over a
[
month.
2.
The pool water shall be analyzed for gross activity and for l
i Cobalt-60.
Ant rses shall be capable of detecting levels of 10-7 microcuries per milliliter.
If a sample analysis reveals a significant increase of activity in the water, with respect ' to the i
previous samples, or a contamination level greater than 10-6 microcuries of Cobalt-60 per milliliter of water, prompt action shall be taken to prevent further contamination of the pool water.
If the gross activity of the sample is less than 10-7 microcuries per milliliter, specific analysis for Cobalt-60 need not be performed.
If remedial action is required by this section, notification will be made to the USNRC as required by Section 6.6.2.
Bases Pool water of high purity minimizes the rate of corrosion.
-l
)
Radionuclide analysis of the pool water allows early determination of any significant buildup of radioactivity from operation of the reactor or the Cobalt-60 source.
l TS-29 i
TECHNICA.L SPECIFICATIONS 4.0 SURVEILLANCE REOUIREMENTS i
4.1 CONTROL AND REGULATING RODS Applicability This specification applies to the surveillance requirements for the l
control and regulating rods.
Qbiective 1
To assure the operability of the control and regulating rods.
Specifications 1.
The reactivity worth of the regulating rod and each control rod shall be determined annually.
The reactivity worth of all rods shall also be determined prior to routine operation of any new i
fuel configuration in the reactor core.
j 2.
Control rod drop and drive times and regulating rod drive time shall be determined annually, or if maintenance or modification is performed on the mechanism.
Nominally, the withdrawl rate of the safety blades is at 3.5 inches per minute and the withdrawl rate of the regulating rod is at 78 inches per minute.
3.
The control and regulating rods shall be visually inspected annually.
Bases l
The reactivity worth of the control and regulating rods is measured to assure that the required shutdown margin is available, and to provide a means for determining the reactivity worths of experiments inserted in the core.
Annual measurement 4
of reactivity worths provides a correction for the slight variations
{
TS-30
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS expected because of burnup.
The required measurement after any new arrangement of fuel in the core assures that possibly altered rod worths will be known before routine operation.
I i
The visual inspection of the regulating and control rods and the measurements of drive and drop times are made to assure that i
the rods are capable of performing properly and within the f
considerations used in transient analyses in the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel.
Appropriate inspection data will be l
recorded and analyzed for trends.
Verification of operability after f
maintenance or modification of the control system will ensure i
proper reinstallation or reconnection.
l 4.2 REACFOR SAFETY SYSTEM Applicabilitv I
This specification applies to the surveillance requirements for the Reactor Safety System.
Obiective To assure that the Reactor Safety System (RSS) will remain
[
l operable and will prevent the Safety Limits from being exceeded.
\\
i i
'i
,o i
t P
i TS-31 i
l TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Specificaticas 1.
A channel check of each measuring channel in the RSS shall i
be performed daily when the reactor is in operation.
l
~
)
2.
A channel test of each measuring channel in the RSS shall be performed prior to each day's operation, or prior to each operation extending more than one day.
l 3.
A channel calibration (reactor power level) of the Log N and linear safety power level measuring channels shall be made annually.
4 A channel calibration of the following channels shall be l
made annually.
a.
Pool water temperature
[
b.
Primary coolant flow rate c.
Pool water level d.
Primary coolant inlet and outlet temperature i
i 5.
The manual scram shall be verified to be operable prior to each reactor startup.
t 6.
Any RSS instrument channel replacement must have i
undergone a channel check prior to installation, and must undergo a channel calibration before routine operation of l
the reactor after channel installation.
7.
Any RSS instrument repaired or replaced while the reactor is shutdown must have a channel test prior to reactor j
operation.
i l
8.
Each protective channel in the RSS shall be verified to be operable semi-annually.
TS-32 i
W-
i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
Bases The daily channel tests and checks and periodic verifications will assure that the safety channels are operable.
Annual calibrations will assure that long-term drift of the channels is corrected.
The r
calibration of the reactor power level will provide continual reference for the adjustment of the Log N and safety channel detector positions and current alignments.
4.3 RAD!ATION MONITORING EOUIPMENT Applicability This specification applies to the surveillance requirements for the i
area radiation monitoring equipment and systems for monitoring airborne radioactivity.
Objective To assure that the equipment used for monitoring radioactivity is operable and to verify the appropriate alarm settings.
Specification f
1.
The operation of the area radiation monitoring equipment and systems for monitoring airborne radioactivity, and their associated alarm set points, shall be verified prior to reactor l
startup.
2.
All radiation monitoring systems shall be calibrated semiannually.
i i
TS-33
i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
Bases The area radiation monitoring system, described in the Emergency Plan, includes the stack air monitor, two building constant air monitors, a fission product monitor,12 GM detectors and two ion i
chamber detectors at selected sites throughout the building.
The detectors used have been chosen for stability and operational reliability.
The large number of detectors in the area monitoring r
system ensures that if a particular monitor should malfunction or t
drift out of calibration, sufficient backup monitors are available for reliable information.
Calibration of the area monitors semi-l annually is sufficient to insure the required reliability.
Daily checks (during operating days) of the area monitors ensure that any obvious malfunctions will be detected.
i 4.4 CONTAINMENT BUILDING Applicability This specification applies to the surveillance requirements for the containment building.
Obiective To assure that the containment system is operable.
Specification 1.
Building pressure will be verified at least every eight hours during reactor operation to ensure that it is less than ambient atmospheric pressure.
i l
1 l
TS-34 l
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
2.
The containment building isolation system including the initiating system shall be tested semi-annually.
The test shall verify that valve closure is achieved -in <2.5 seconds after the initial signal.
3.
An integrated leakage rate of the containment building as-is' shall be performed at a pressure of at least 0.5 psig at intervals of 5 years to verify leakage rate of less than 10%
of the building air volume / day at 2 psig.
4.
All additions, modifications, or maintenance of the containment building or its penetrations that could affect building containment capability shall be tested to verify containment requirements.
5.
The emergency exhaust system including the initiating i
system shall be verified annually. to be operable.
6.
At two year intervals, and subsequent to replacement of the facility filters and prior to reactor operation thereafter, the filter trains shall be tested to verify that they are operable.
7.
At two year intervals, the air flow rate in the stack exhaust duct shall be measured.
I I
i
- Non-routine maintenance or repair for the purpose of reducing containment leakage shall not be performed prior to the leak test.
l, TS-35 e
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Bases l
Maintaining a negative pressure ensures that any leakage in the i
containment is inward.
i Valve closure time was chosen to be 1/2 the time required for a
-f given sample of air to travel from the first to the second valve in series in the exhaust line under regular flow conditions.
Semi-annually is considered a reasonable frequency of testing.
The j
containment building was designed to withstand a 2.0 psig internal pressure.
An overpressure of less than 0.5 psig would f
result from an excursion of 538 MWs, which is nearly four times the energy release achieved in the Borax tests. A 0.5 psig test l
5 pressure is therefore adequate.
i Any additions, modifications or maintenance to the building or its j
i penetrations shall be tested to verify that such work has not adversely affected the integrity of the building.
I Surveillance of the emergency exhaust system and the various i
filters will verify that these are functioning.
See Chapters 3 and 7 l
of the FSAR.
4.5 POOL WATER
[
Applicability This specification applies to the surveillance requirement of j
monitoring the quality and the radioactivity in the pool water.
{
t Ob_iective j
i To assure high quality pool water and to monitor the radioactivity in the pool water in order to verify the integrity of the fuel l
i cladding.
l
}
TS-36 I
i i
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Specification 1.
The conductivity of the pool water shall be measured
- weekly, i
2.
The radioactivity in the pool water shall be analyzed l
weekly.
Bases Surveillance of water conductivity assures that changes that could accelerate corrosion have not occurred.
Radionuclide analysis of l
the pool water samples will allow early determination of any significant buildup of radioactivity from operation of the reactor or the Co-60 source.
4.6 SCRAM BY PROCESS VARIABLE EFFECT Appiip.Abjlily i
This specification applies to the surveillance requirements applied
'a process variable scrams.
Obiective To assure that a Safety Limit is not exceeded.
Specification Following a reactor scram caused by a process variable, the reactor shall not be operated until an evaluation has been made to determine if a Safety Limit was exceeded, the cause of the scram, the effects of operation to the scram point and the appropriate action to be taken.
f i
L TS-37
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS T
1 i
Bases j
This specification assures that if a Safety Limit should be exceeded as a result of a malfunction of a process variable, the fact will be known.
l 4.7 FUEL SURVEILLANCE Applicability i
This specification applies to the surveillance requirements for reactor fuel.
Obiective To assure that reactor fuel is in proper physical condition.
Specification Visual inspection of a representative sample of reactor fuel elements shall be performed every two years.
[
Bades The inspection of reactor fuel assures that fuel elements, when used in the core, will perform as designed.
I t
t i
TS-38
i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 5.0 DESIGN FEATURES 5.1 REACTOR FUEL The reactor fuel shall be as follows:
i 1.
Standard fuel element:
the fuel elements shall be flat plate MTR-type elements.
The plates shall be fueled with low enrichment (19.75% U-235) U3Si2, clad with aluminum.
There shall be 18 plates per element with 16 containing fuel and two outside plates of aluminum.
There shall be 2001 5.6 grams of Uranium-235 per element.
2.
Half-element:
same as a standard fuel element except each plate has one half the uranium loading.
I 3.
Variable-load element:
same as Specification 1 above, but internal plates are removable.
I 5.2 REACTOR CORE 1.
The reactor core consists of a 9 x 7 array of 3-inch square modules with the four corners occupied by posts.
The reference core for these Technical Specifications consists of l
20 standard fuel elements in a 5 x 5 array with corners j
removed and the central location filled with a graphite-I water aluminum clad flux trap element, as shown in Figure
{
2.6 of the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel.
t 2.
Cores from 16 standard elements to 28 elements may be
{
used, and cores from 16 elements to 2.8 elements may l
contain 2 half-loaded elements.
l 1
i t
TS-39 I
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 3.
Cores with loadings different from 20 standard elements may be operated under forced convection only after analyses. using I) the methods described in the FSAR Supplement for Conversion to LEU Fuel, or 2) flux measurements in natural convection, establish that no alteration of the LSSS's are required to preclude violation of a SL during the transients anticipated in the FSAR.
5.3 REACTOR BUILDING r
The reactor shall be housed in the reactor building, designed for containment.
5.4 FUEL STORAGE i
All reactor fuel element storage facilities shall 'oe designed in geometrical configuration so that keff is less than 0.85 under quiescent flooding with water.
t
[
r 1
i i
TS-40 i
i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.0 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS 6.1 ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT 1.
The reactor facility shall be an integral part of the Radiation Laboratory of the University of Massachusetts Lowell.
The reactor shall be related to the University structure as shown in Chart 6-1 TS.
2.
The reactor facility shall be under the direction of the Director of the Radiation Laboratory, who shall be a member of the graduate faculty, and it shall be supervised by the i
Reactor Supervisor who shall be an NRC-licensed senior operator for the facility.
The Reactor Supervisor shall be responsible for assuring that all operations are conducted in '
a safe manner and within the limits _ prescribed by the facility license and the provisions of the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
3.
There shall be a Radiation Safety Officer responsible for the safety of operations from the standpoint of radiation protection.
He does not report formally to the line organization responsible for reactor operations, but rather to the Vice-Chancellor for Academic Affairs.(see Chart 6-1 TS).
4.
An Operator or Senior Operator licensed pursuant to 10 CFR 55 shall be present at the controls unless the reactor is secured as defined in these specifications.
In addition, a second individual shall be present in the reactor building or Pinanski building whenever the reactor is not secured.
This individiual shall be a Licensed Senior Operator, Licensed TS-41 1
i
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f TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Operator or an individual who is capable of shutting the-reactor down in case of an emergency.
5.
A Licensed Senior Operator shall be on the console or readily-l available on call whenever the reactor is in operation.
1 6.2 REVIEW AND AUDIT 1.
There shall be a Reactor Safety Subcommittee which shall review reactor operations to assure that the facility is operated -in a manner consistent with public safety and within the terms of the facility license.
The Subcommittee shall report to the University Radiation Safety Committee which has overall authority in the use of all radiation i
sources at the University.
2.
The responsibilities of the Subcommittee include, but are not i
limite.d to, the following:
a.
Review and approval of normal, abnormal and emerge..cy operating and maintenance procedures and records.
b.
Review and approval of proposed tests and experiments utilizing the reactor facilities in accordance with Paragraph 6.8 of these specifications.
Review and approval of proposed changes to the c.
facility systems or equipment, procedures, and i
operations.
d.
Determination of whether a proposed change, test, or experiment would constitute-an unreviewed safety i
q TS-42 I
I
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS question requiring a change to the Technical Specifications or facility license.
Review of all violations of the Technical Specifications e.
and NRC Regulations, and significant violations of internal rules or procedures, with recommendations for corrective action to prevent recurrence.
f.
Review of the qualifications and competency of the operating organization to assure retention of staff quality.
3.
The Reactor Safety Subcommittee shall be composed of at least five members, one of whom shall be the Radiation Safety Officer or his designee and another of whom'shall be the Reactor Supervisor or his designee.
The Subcommittee shall be proficient in all areas of reactor operation and reactor safety.
The membership of the Snbcommittee shall include at least two senior scientific staff members, and the chairman will not have line resp _onsibility for operation of the reactor.
4.
The Subcommittee shall have a written charter defining such matters as the authority of the Subcommittee, the i
subjects within its purview, and other such administrative provisions as are required for effective functioning of the Subcommittee.
Minutes of all meetings of the Subcommittee shall be kept.
5.
A quorum of the Subcommittee shall consist 'of not less than a majority of the full Subcommittee and shall include the TS-43
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
~
f Radiation Safety Officer or his designee, and the Reactor I
Supervisor or his designee.
6.
The Subcommittee shall meet at least quarterly.
6.3 OPERATING PROCEDURFS Written procedures, reviewed and approved by the Reactor Safety I
Subcommittee shall be-in effect and followed for the following items.
The procedures shall be adequate to assure the safe operation of the reactor, but should not preclude the use of independent judgment and action should the situation require i
such.
i 1.
Startup, operation, and shutdown of the reactor.
[
2.
Installation or removal of fuel elements, control rods, experiments and experimental facilities.
3.
Actions to be taken to correct specific and potential i
malfunctions of systems or components, including responses i
to alarms, suspected primary coolant system leaks, and i
abnormal reactivity changes.
l 4.
Emergency conditions involving potential or actual release of radioactivity, including provisions for evacuation, re-entry, recovery, and medical support.
k i
5.
Maintenance procedures which could have an effect on i
reactor safety.
6.
Periodic surveillance of reactor instrumentation and safety j
i systems, area monitors and continuous air monitors.
7.
Civil disturbance on or near campus.
4 TS-44 i
i TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 8.
Radiation control, for which procedures shall be maintained l
and available to all operations personnel.
9.
Receipt, inspection, and storage of new fuel elements.
10.
Handling and storage of irradiated fuel elements.
I Substantive changes to the above procedures shall be made only with the approval of the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
Temporary changes to the procedures that do not change their original intent may be made by the Reactor Supervisor.
3 Temporary changes to procedures shall be documented and subsequently reviewed by the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
?
6.4 ACTION TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF AN ABNORMAL OCCURRENCE In the event of an abnormal occurrence:
l i
1.
The Reactor Supervisor shall be notified promptly and corrective action shall be taken immediately to place the facility in a safe condition until the causes of the abnormal i
occurrence are determined and corrected.
t 2.
The Reactor Supervisor shall report the occurrence to the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
The report shall include an analysis of the cause of the occurrence, corrective actions taken, and recommendations for appropriate action to r
prevent or reduce the probability of a repetition of the i
occurrence.
3.
The Reactor Safety Subcommittee shall review the report l
and the corrective actions taken.
+
TS-45 s
i
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
4.
Notification shall be made to the NRC in accordance with Paragraph 6.6 of these specifications.
i i
6.5 ACTION "O BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT A SAFETY LIMITIS EXCEEDED i
In the event a Safety Limit has been exceeded:
1.
The reactor shall be shut down and reactor operation shall l
not be resumed until authorization is obtained from the NRC.
l 2.
Immediate notification shall be made to the NRC m accordance with paragraph 6.6 of these specifications and to the Director of the Radiation Laboratory.
I i
3.
A prompt report shall be prepared by the Reactor Supervisor.
The report shall include a complete analysis of t
the causes of the event and the extent of possible damage together with recommendations to prevent or reduce the i
probability of recurrence.
This report shall be submitted to t
the Reactor Safety Subcommittee for review and appropriate i
action, and a suitable similar report shall be submitted to the NRC in accordance with Paragraph 6.6 of these specifications and in support of a request for authorization s
for resumption of operations.
6.6 REPORTING REOUIREMENTS f
In addition to the requirements of applicable regulations, and in no way substituting therefore, all written reports shall be sent to l
the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Attn:
Document Control Desk, Washington, D.C.
20555, with a copy to the Region I adiminstrator.
l TS-46
l TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS r
1.
Within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />, a report by telephone or telegraph to NRC r
Region I Administrator of:
i a.
Any accidental release of radioactivity to. unrestricted t
areas above permissible limits, whether or not the release resulted in property damage, personal injury r
or exposure.
b.
Any significant variation of measured values from a l
corresponding predicted or previously measured value i
of safety related operating characteristics occurring f
during operation of the reactor.
[
Any abnormal occurrences as defined in Paragraph 1.1 c.
i of these specifications.
d.
Any violation of a Safety Limit.
2.
A written report within 14 days in the event of an abnormal occurrence, as defined in Section 1.1.
The report shall:
Describe, analyze, and evaluate safety implications; a.
b.
Outline the measures taken to assure that the cause of I
the condition is determined; Indicate the corrective action including any changes I
c.
made to the procedures and to the quality assurance program taken to prevent repetition of the occurrence and of similar occurrences involving similar components or systems; i
TS-47
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS t
d.
Evaluate the safety implication of the incident in light of the cumulative experience obtained from the record of previous failure and malfunctions of similar
[
systems and components.
3.
Unusual Events.
A written report shall be forwarded within 30 days in the event of:
a.
Discovery of any substantial errors in the transient or f
accident analyses or in the methods used for such analyses, as described in the safety analysis or in the bases for the technical specifications, b.
Discovery of any sci stantial variance from performance specifications contained in the technical i
specifications and safety analysis.
Discovery of any condition involving a possible single
~
c.
failure which, for a system designed against assumed failures, could result in a loss of the capability of the system to perform its safety function.
4.
An annual report shall be submitted in writing within 60 1
days following the 30th of June of each year.
The report shall include the following information:
i I
i 6
TS-48 l
}
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS i
a.
A narrative summary of operating experience (including experiments performed) and of changes in facility design, performance characteristics and operating procedures related to reactor safety occurring during the reporting period, as well as results of surveillance tests and inspections.
i b.
Tabulation showing the energy generated by the r
i reactor (in megawatt days), the number of hours the e
reactor was critical, and the cumulative total energy i
output since initial criticality.
c.
The number of emergency shutdowns and inadvertent i
scrams, including the reasons therefore.
d.
Discussion of the major maintenance operations j
performed during the period, including the effect, if any, on the safe operation of the reactor, and the reasons for any corrective maintenance required.
f A description of each change to the facility or e
procedures, tests, and experiments carried out under the conditions of Section 50.59 of 10 CFR 50 including i
a summary of the safety evaluation of each.
l f.
A description of any environmental surveys
(
performed outside the facility.
1 l
6 1
TS-49
[
b
TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS g.
A summary of radiation exposures received by facility personnel and visitors, including the dates and times i
of significant exposures, and a summary of the results of radiation and contamination surveys performed within the facility.
h.
A summary of the nature and amount of radioactive effluents released or discharged to the environs beyond the effective control of the licensee as measured at or prior to the point of such release or discharge.
Liquid Waste (Summarized on a monthly basis)
(I)
Total gross beta radioactivity released (in curies) during the reporting period.
(2)
Total radioactivity released (in curies) for specific nuclides, if the gross beta radioactivity exceeds 3 x 10-6 pCi/cm3 at point of release, during the reporting period.
I (3)
Average concentration (pCi/cm3) of release as 8
diluted by sewage system flow of 2.7 x 10 '
cm3/ day.
6.7 PLANTOPERATING RECORDS i
In addition to the requirements of applicable regulations and in no way substituting therefore, records and logs of the following i
items, as a minimum, shall be kept in a manner convenient for review and shall be retained as indicated:
I TS-50
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.
Records to be retained for a period of at-least five years:
?
a.
Reactor operations; b.
Principal maintenance activities; c.
Experiments performed including aspects 'of the l
experiments which could affect the safety of reactor operation or have radiological safety implications; d.
Abnormal occurrences; and e.
Equipment and component surveillance activities.
2.
Records to be retained for the life of the facility:
a.
Gaseous and liquid radioactive effluents released to
[
the environs; b.
Off-site environmental monitoring surveys; Facility radiation and monitoring surveys; c.
d.
Personnel radiation exposures; e.
Fuel inventories and transfers; f.
Changes to procedures, systems, components, and equipment; r
g.
Updated, "as-built" drawings of the facility; and e
h.
Minutes of the Reactor Safety Subcommittee meetings.
i i
i i
i t
i I
I TS-51 i
i 4
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.8 APPROVAL OF EXPERIMENTS 1.
All proposed experiments using the reactor shall be evaluated by the experimenter and a staff member who has been approved by the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
The evaluation shall be reviewed by the Reactor Supervisor and the Radiation Safety Officer to ensure compliance with the provisions of the facility license, these Technical Specifications, and 10 CFR 20.
If the experiment complies with the above provisions, it shall be submitted by the Reactor Supen'isor to the Reactor Safety Subcommittee for approval if it is a new experiment, as indicated in 4._ below.
The experimenter evaluation shall include:
l a.
The reactivity worth of the experiment; i
b.
The integrity of the experiment, including the effect of changes in temperature, pressure, chemical composition, or radiolytic decomposition; c.
Any physical or chemical interaction that could occur with the reactor components; d.
Any radiation hazard that may result from the activation of materials' or from external beams; and e.
An estimate of the amount of radioactive materials produced.
2.
Prior to performing any new reactor experiment, an evaluation of the experiment shall be made by the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
The Subcommittee evaluation shall
\\
consider:
TS-52
\\
\\
l
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS q
a.
The purpose of_ the experiment; b.
- The effect of the experiment on reactor operation and i
the possibility and consequences of failure of some aspect of the experiment, including, where significant, chemical reactions, physical integrity, design life, proper cooling interaction with core components, and reactivity effects; Whether or not the experiment, by virtue of its nature c.
and/or design, includes an unreviewed safety question or constitutes a significant threat to the integrity of the core, the integrity of the reactor, or to the safety of personnel; and d.
A procedure for the performance of the experiment.
A favorable Subcommittee evaluation will not lead to l
direct failure of any reactor component or of other experiments.
An experiment shall not be conducted until a favorable evaluation indicated in writing is rendered by the Reactor Safety Subcommittee.
3.
In evaluating experiments, the following assumptions shall be used for the purpose of determining that failure of the experiment would not cause the appropriate limits of 10 CFR 20 to be exceeded:
a.
If the possibility exists that airborne concentrations of radioactive gases or aerosols may be released within the containment TS-53
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS building,100% of the gases or aerosols will escape; i
b.
If the effluent exhausts through a filter installation designed for greater than 90%
efficiency for 0.3 micron particles, at least 10% of 4
~
gases or aerosols will escape; and c.
For a material whose boiling point is above a
1300F and where vapors formed by boiling this material could escape only through a volume of water above the core, at least 10% of these vapors will escape.
4.
An experiment that has had prior Subcommittee approval and has been performed safely shall be a routine experiment and requires only the approval of the Reactor Supervisor or his designee and the l
Radiation Safety Officer or his designee to be repeated.
An experiment that represents a minor variation from
{
a routine experiment not involving safety U
considerations of a different kind nor of a magnitude t
greater than a routine experiment shall be considered the equivalent of a routine experiment and may be approved for the Subcommittee by agreement of the Reactor Supervisor or his designee and the' Radiation i
Safety Officer or his designee.
i TS-54