ML20024E917
| ML20024E917 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Harris  |
| Issue date: | 09/01/1983 |
| From: | Lei W CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20024E900 | List: |
| References | |
| ISSUANCES-OL, NUDOCS 8309070209 | |
| Download: ML20024E917 (11) | |
Text
iKi 8..
-UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION BEFORE THE ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICENSING BOARD In the Matter of
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CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY )
AND NORTH CAROLINA EASTERN
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Docket Nos. 50-400 OL MUNICIPAL POWER AGENCY
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50-401 OL
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(Shearon Harris Nuclear Power
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Plant, Units 1 and 2)
)
AFFIDAVIT OF WAYNE LEI IN SUPPORT OF APPLICANTS' MOTION FOR
SUMMARY
DISPOSITION OF INTERVENOR WELLS EDDLEMAN'S CONTENTION 80 County of Wake
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SS:
State of North Carolina
)
Wayne Lei, being duly sworn, deposes and says as follows:
1.
I am a Senior Specialist, Environmental, employed by Applicant Carolina Power & Light Company.
My business address is Shearon Harris Energy and Environmental Center, Route 1, Box 327, New Hill, North Carolina 27562.
A summary of my professional qualifications and experience is attached hereto as Exhibit "A."
I have personal knowledge of the matters stated herein and believe them to be true and correct.
I make this Affidavit in support of Applicants' Motion for Summary Disposition of Wells Eddleman Contention 80 in this proceeding.
8309070209 830901 PDR ADOCK 05000 0 0
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2.
The purpose of this Affidavit'is to demonstrate that: when radionuclide particulates 'are " rained out" of a
-gaseous effluent plume, the resulting immediate dose to the public is less than=would be. expected-if rainout did not occur and the released materials were inhaled from' gaseous effluent.
3.
Particulates emitted in gaseous effluent from a nuclear power plant typically contain trace amounts of radio-active fission products such as I-131 and Cs-137 and activation products such as Co-60.
The radioactivity associated with these
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particulates can deliver dose to individuals outside the
. plant boundary.
The magnitude of the dose depends on:
(1) the radiological characteristics (e.g., physical half-life) of each radionuclide; (2) how the particulate deposits to the ground from the effluent plume; (3) the_ intake mode (i.e.,
inhalation or ingestion) by an individual and (4) biological characteristics of the individual (e.g.,
age, diet, health status, etc.).
These four factors heavily influence the exposure pathways to " man" from particulate sources of radio-activity in gaseous effluent.
4.
In the " worst case" situation where no particulate is assumed to be lost from a gaseous effluent plume by either wet (i.e., rainout) or dry deposition, and an individual is exposed immediately to the plume, a larger dose of radiation will be received from inhalation of gaseous particulates than from any other possible distribution pathway.
5.
The conclusion stated in paragraph 4 above results from the fact that the loss of particulate from the effluent.
. plume onto or1into some environmental media such as soil, vegetation or water introduces barriers against uptake'by people, and therefore lessens the potential dose.
6.
For radionuclides with a short radiological half-life,
-such as I-131, the potential for a biological effect is decreased substantially because of the time delays associated with uptake through various pathways..The following example illustrates this point:
1)
Assume I-131 (radiological half-life = 8 days)-
. deposits as a particulate from a gaseous effluent plume; 2)
Assume also that the deposition mode was due to rainfall scavenging of particulate in the plume.
The wet particulate can land directly onto either vege-
.tation or soil.
In either case, however, time delays are incorporated into the possible exposure pathways to people in the area.
Such pathways, in this example, include -(1) resuspension of the dust and inhalation by an individual and (2) ingestion of grass that contained I-131 by dairy cattle.
In the first case, some particulates would become attached to larger soil particu-lates that cannot be lifted into the air.
For the remaining particulates, time would be required for soil drying and sufficient wind to resuspend respirable-sized dusts containing I-131.
In the case of ingestion of grass by dairy cattle, time delays would occur due to ingestion rate and metabolic rate of r-r.
the dairy cattle and time-to-market of the milk or time until direct ingestion.
Finally, since this example considers wet deposition, particulate containing I-131 is likely to be further flushed from the leaves and stems of plants to the soil thus introducing another time delay in the form of biological transfer of I-131 from soil to plants via root. uptake.
1 This hypothetical situation demonstrates one example of the general principle that dose received from particulates deposited in soil and water would be less than that received from direct exposure by inhalation of the gaseous plume.
7.
For longer-lived radionuclides that may deposit to soil and plants, the critical pathway for exposure to man eventually becomes ingestion of the radionuclide via transfer up biological food chains.
Minimization of dose in this situation depends mostly on the environmental barriers that inhibit transfer of the radionuclide through food chains.
The following discussion of Cs-137 transfer through the soil /
plant / man pathway illustrates this point.
When Cs-137 is introduced into soil systems, it is usually
" tightly bound," particularly by the clay fraction and less 8,
3, 2/
so by the sandy portion.
In this bound condition it is 6,
7, 10/
generally not readily available for uptake by plants.
Under wet conditions (as under nutrient solution culture),
extensive agricultural irrigation, or in natural systems such as shallow ponds or wet me
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uptake via root absorption.
This finding was tesced by-Willis et, A.,
(1980h by growing wheat seedlings hydroponically and incorporating soluble radiocesium into the nutrient solution.
Under these highly favorable conditions for uptake, less than eight percent of the cesium was taken up by the seedlings, and of this, about 70 percent was in the roots.
Thus, only about 30 percent was metabolically incorporate <i into the edible (as forage) stems and leaves.
Therefore, only (0.08) (0'.30) (100) = 2 percent of the substrate (hydroponic solution) concentration was transferred to aerial portions of the wheat sondlings.
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WymLeT Subscribed and sworn to before me this
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day of September,1983.
M bb Nbtary' Public
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$ ccc ission expires
C' REFERENCES l.-
Cline,-J.
F.,
1969, "The Effects of Substrate Conditions
-on the Uptake Rate of 137Cs by Plants," In:- Proceedings of the Second National Symposium on Radioecology.
D. J.1 Nelson and F..O.
Evans (eds. ), pp. 547-552, Atomic Energy Commission document: (CONF-670503).
- 2.
Francis,-C. W. and F. S. Brinkley, 1976, " Preferential Absorption of 137Cs-to Micaceous Minerals in Contamin-ated Freshwater Sediment,". Nature 260:511-513, 3.
Fredriksson, L.,
R. J. Garner and R. Scott Russell, 1966,
" Caesium-137," In:
Radioactivity and Human Diet, R.
Scott Russell (ed. ).
Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 317-352.
4.
Klechkovsky, V.'M. and I. V. Gulyakin, 1958, *The Behavior in Soils and Plants of Traces of Strontium,. Cesium, Ruthenium and Zirconium," Soviet Soil Science 3:219-230.
5.
Myttensaere, C.,
P. Bourdeau and H. Masset, 1969, " Relative Importance of Soil and Water in the Indirect Contamin-ation of Flooded Rice with Radiocesium," Health Physics 18:701-707.
6.
- Nishita, H.,
D.
Dixon and K. H.
Larson, 1962, " Accumulation of Cs and K and Growth of Bean Plants in Nutrient Solutions and Soils," Plant and Soil 17:221-242.
7.
- Romney, E.
M.,
J. W. Neel, H. Nishita, J. H. Olafson and K. H.
Larson, 1937, " Plant Uptake of Sr90, Y91, Rul06, Cs137 and Cel44 from Soils," Soil Science 83:369-376.
8.
- Schulz, R.
K.,
R. Overstreet and I. Barshad, 1960, "On the Soil Chemistry of Cesium 137," Soil Science 89:16-27.
9.
Shalhevet, J.,
1973, "Effect of Mineral Type and Soil Moirture Content on Plant Uptake of 137Cs," Radiation Botany 13:165-171.
l 10.
- Squire, H. M. and D. J. Middleton, 1966, " Behavior of 137 s in Soils and Pastures:
A Longterm Experiment,"
C Radiation Botany 6:413-473.
11.
- Willis, D.
L., W. Lei and L. G. Forslund, 1980, "Radiocesium Transport Through a Simulated Food Chain Involving Wheat Seedlings and Voles," Health Physics 39:1048 (abstract).
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K EXHIBIT A CURRICULUM VITAE Name:
Wayne Lei ~
Marital $tatus:
Single Address:
R.D. 1 Box 126 Place of Birth:
Hong Kong Warwick Brook Road Tuxedo, New York 10987 Date of Birth:
06/14/52 Past Security Clearance:
Q (00E) 351-4520 (Home) )
Telephone:
914 351-5480 (Office 914 Experience:
01/82 - Present Graduate Assistant Duties: Occasional lecturer in a graduate level Radiological Health course.
10/79 - 12/81 Assistant Research Scientist Duties: Organized hnd coordinated a mu.lti-institution, Brazil-USA, research program to detennine the mobilization of thoriun and rare earth elements from an enriched are body in Brazil. Was responsible for purchase, mainte-nonce and use of lab analytical and field moni-toring equipment; including TH-4000 multichannel analyzer, surface silicon barrier detectors, portable weather station, rain gages, proportton-al flowneter and sampler for a stream channel.
Participated in development of streamlined radio-chemical techniques for separation of thoritsu and
, uranitrn isotopes for alpha spectronetry.
Pedormed mutine gamma spectrometry for thoritzn in bulk soils and sediments.
Participated in development of a new technique to detennine actinides and lanthanides j
using X-ray fluorescence.
Perfonned computerized data reduction and statistical analysis using SPSS.
Resided in Pocos de Caldas, Brazil for 7 months over 3 years to facilitate project completion.
Supervison experience includes direction of 3 tech-
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nicians in a variety of laboratory and field tasks.,
U.S, DOE Fellow, Institute of Envirorrnental Medicine, 09/78 - 09/79 New York University Medical Center, Long Heedow Road, Tuxedo, New York 10g87.
Duties: Designed and constructed a whole body count-ing phantom for quantitation of Am-241 in the skeleton.
Studied whole body and head counting techniques uti-lizingsphoswich detectors.
n CURRICULUM VITAE (Continued) Wayne lei Expertene_e:
Biologist (Technical-Program Administrator),
08/76 - 07/78 Eneisy Programs Division, U.S. Department of Energy, P.0, Box 550, Richland, Washington 99352.
Duties:
Staff Position.
Monitored and admin-istered for the Richland Operations Office of the DOE, the Biomedical and Envimnmental Research program at the Hanford Site.
Teaching. Assistant, Department of General 01/75 - 08/76 Science, Oregon state University, Weniger Hall, Corvallis, Oregon ?7331.
Duties: Taught and supervised 5 sections of Introductory Biology Laboratory.-
Consultino ExperienceL:
Consulting Associate with Radiation Surveillance 09/78 - Present Associates, Tuxedo, New York 10987.
Performed:
(1) Whole body counting for inhaled radionuclides.
Surface gama radiation survey at a landfill (2) site for possible radioactive contamination.
Gama ray spectrometric analysis of sediments (3) for fission and activation radionucifdes.
Atmospheric plume dispersion and transport (4) for tritium release fmm an industrial facility in support of an Envimnmental Impact Assessment for the plant.
Education:
Ph.D. Program. Enviremental Health Sciences 09/78 - Present specializing in Radiation Hygiene, Graduate School of Arts and Science New York University, Washington Square New York, New York.
f Studied hydrologic transport of Doctoral'Research:
thorium isotopes from an enriched ore body in Brazil.
Study required extensive field sampling of soils, Used radio-sediments, surface and ground waters.
chernical extraction (solvent and ion exchange) ganna j
Research supported and alpha spectrometry assays.
l by U.S. DOE and its contractor Battelle Memorial Institute, Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation.
Advisor:
Dr. Merril Eisenbud.
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CURRICULLN VITAE (Continued) Wayne Let Education:
M.S. in Biological Science, Oregon State University.
09/74 - 06/76 Corvallis, Oregon.
Areas of concentration: Radia-tion Biology, Ecology, History of Science.
Masters Research:
Uptake and retention studies of Cs-134 in a small wild animal.
Used Packard Auto-gama and Amac systems with single channel analyzers. The study was partially supported by the Sipa Xi Research Society.
Advisor:
Dr. Davi,d L., Willis.
09/70 - 05/74 B. A._ in Bioloqv, Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio.
Languages:
Chinese - Cantonese:
. Spoken at home.
Light speaking ability / fair understanding.
Can
' Portuguese:
read scientific / technical documents in my field w/ dictionary.
No formal training.
Russian:
4 yrs. high school. 2 yrs, college.
Professional Affiliations:
Member. Health Physics Society Member, New York Academy of Sciences I
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CURRICULtM VITAE (Continued) Wayne Lei Publications:
1.
Lei, Wayne, The Uptake and Retention of Cesium 134 in Microtus canicaudus Miller, M.S. Thesis, Oregon State University (July 1976).
2.
Cohen, N., T. Lo Sasso, and W. Lei, nias,1:sXe Interference with In Vivo low-enetyy Measurment Systes," Health Phys. 38:
414-4.16
-(T9ET-3.
Dunigan, Jr., P.F.X., W. Lei, and W.H. Rickard, " Poi:ket Mouse Population Response to Winter Precipitation and Drought,"
NorthwestSci.14,(4):
289-295-(1980).
4.
Willis, D.L., W. Lei, and L.G. Forslund, "Radiocesitra Transport Through a simulated Food Chain Involving Wheat Seedlings and Vales,"
of the Health 7hysics Society (1980)., Twenty-Fifth Annual. Meeting Health Phys. 39:
1048, Abstract P/179 5.
Cohen, H., J. Neton, and W. Lei, "The Rationale. Design and Con-struction of a Calibration Skeleton for the In Vivo Heasurement of Bone-seeking Actinides," Health Phys. 39:
1 N 6, Abstract P/159 Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting of tne He'aTth Physics society (1980},
6.
Ballad, R., P. Grimaldi, M. Vale, and W. Lei, "Thoriun and Uranitrn Isotopic Analysis of Soil and Water from a lateritic Envimrrnent,"
27th Annual Conference on Bioassay, Analytical and Envirorinental Chanistry (Santa Fe, New Mexico; October 7-8,1981) (abstract).
7.
Lei, W. (panel member), Freshwater / Groundwater Panel, Proceedings of the Workshop on En'vircrraental Research for Actinide Elements (Lawrence Livetincire National Laboratory; March 17-19. T99);
Livemore, CA), pp.11-15 (Sept.1981).
8.
Eisenbu'd, H _, W. Lei, R. Ballad, K. Krauskopf E. Penna Franca, T.L. Cullen, and P. Freeborn, "Hobility of Thorium fran the Morro do Ferro," In: Proceedings Envimrrnental Micration of Lono-Lived Radionucifdes, I AEA-SM-257/49, International Atomic Energy Xgency, Vienna, pp. 739-755 (1982).
9.
Laurer, G.R., J. Furfaro, M. Carlos, W. Lei, R.. Ballad, and T. Kneip, " Energy Dispersive Analysis of Actinides, Lanthanides, and Other Elenents in Soil and Sediment Samples," In: Advances in X-Ray Analysis (J.C. Russ, C.S. Barrett P.K. Predecki ~and D.E. Leyden,(eds.), Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, Vol. 25, pp. 201-208 1982).
10.
Wang, J.H., R. Ballad, P. Grimaldi, and W. Lei, " Extraction of Thorium, Uranium and Ceritra frte Fresh Water Using(Hanganese Dioxide Coprecipitation," J. Radioanalyt. Chem. 751):
105-108 (1982).
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CURRICULUM VITAE (Continued) Wayne Lei 11.
Eisenbud, M., W. Lei. R. Ballad, E. Penna Franca, N. Miekeley, T. Cullen, and K. Krauskopf, " studies of the Mobilization of Thoritan from the Morrc do Ferro," In: Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management V (Werner Lutze, ed.),(Elsevier Science Publishing Co., New York, Vol. 11, pp. 735-744 1982).
12.
Miekeley, H.
M.G.R. Vale, T.M. Tavares, and W. Lei, "Some Aspects of the Influence of Surface an'd Ground Water Chemistry on the Mobility of Thorium in the 'Morro do Ferro' - Environ-ment," In: Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Managsitent V (Werner Lutze, ed.), Elsevier Science Publishing Co., hew York, Vol. 11 pp.725-733(1982).
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- 13. Lei, W., E. Penna Franca, R. Ballad, and M. Eisenbud, "Effect of Rainfall on Thorium Transport at the Morro do Ferro," Health Phys. 43:
160, Abstract P/275. Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting of. the Health Physics Society (1982).,
14.
Lei, W.. R..V. Ballad, M. Eisenbud, and E. Penna Franca, "Effect of Rainfall on the Groundwater Mobilization of Thorium from an Ore Body," Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Soctety, Baltimore, MD, June 19-23, 1983.
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