ML20002A133

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Informs Commission of Actions Being Taken for Release of Draft NUREG-0725 on NRC-approved Routes for Spent Fuel Shipments.Draft NUREG-0725,draft Ltr to Governors & Draft Public Announcement Encl
ML20002A133
Person / Time
Issue date: 10/02/1980
From: Jennifer Davis
NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
To:
Shared Package
ML19295A142 List:
References
FOIA-80-635, TASK-IR, TASK-SE SECY-80-245C, NUDOCS 8010200365
Download: ML20002A133 (57)
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{{#Wiki_filter:_ t b UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D. C. 20666 INFORMATION REPORT October 2,1980 SECY-80-245C For: The Comissioners From: John G. Davis, Director 3 I Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards hj Thru: William J. Dircks, Executive Director for Operations

Subject:

RELEASE OF PRE-PUBLICATION COPIES OF DRAFT NUREG-0725 ON NRC apt 'VED ROUTES FOR SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS

Purpose:

To inform the Commission of the staff actions being taken to make information on NRC-approved spent fuel shipment routes p"blicly available. Catecory: Infomation Discussion: The staff, in response to the Secretary's memorandum of July 3, 1980, stated in SECY S0-245B that an action was then undemay to prepare the first of a series of NUREG reports containing maps of the United States showing approved spent fuel shipment routes, the quantities of shipments made over these routes, and an introductory statement to distinguish between the safety and safeguards aspects of these shipments. Enclosure "A" is a draft copy of the proposed document, NUREG-0725, "Public Information Circular for Shipments of Irradiated Reactor Fuel." This document also describes NRC requirements for reporting safeguards incidents. Although no safeguards incidents have been reported to date, future updates of NUREG-0725 will describe any such incidents which may occur. The draft NUREG document will.be sent to State governors under a cover letter frcm the Chairman (see Enclosure "B"). Following receipt by the State governors, additional copies will be made-available to the public through the Public Document Room, the news media, and selected distribution to individuals and organizations who have previously requested such information. Capies will also be sent to the appropriate Congressional Comittees. A public announcement to this effect has been prepared by the Office of Public Affairs (see Enclosure "C").

Contact:

Tom R. Allen, SGRI THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS 42-74181 [D/0d003 [ POOR QUAUTY PAGES [

i 'o t Discussion: Publication as a finished NUREG document cannot be accomplished (Continued): for several weeks. Therefore, pre-publication copies of the draft NUREG-0725 will also be used on an interim basis to respond to FOIA requests for this type of information. It is expected that most of the outstanding F0IA requests for spent fuel ship-ment routing information will be satisfied by the distribution of the draft or published versions of the NUREG document. However, it may be necessary, in some cases, to supply additional information. The draft NUREG document includes approved routes as of September 10, 1980. In order to respond to F0IA requests for routes approved subsequent to publication of the initial NUREG-0725 and between publications of successive semi-annual updates, the staff intends to supplement published route infor-mation with draft material as necessary on a case by case basis. As indicated in SECY 80-245B, development of proposed regulations to notify State governors prior to spent fuel shipments through their respective States is being undertaken in a sep6 rate action. Coordination: The Office of the Executive Legal Director has no legal objection l to the intended course of action. The Offices of State Programs, Standards Development, and Inspection and Enforcement concur in this paper, but IE feels that Table 2 of En:losure A provides a level of detail w b should not be voluntarily published by the Commission. i John G. Davis, Director Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards

Enclosures:

"A" - Draft NUREG-0725 "B" - Draft Letter to Governors "C" - Draft Public Announcement DISTRIBUTION Comissioners Commission Staff Offices Exec Dir for Operations ACRS Secretariat

w f ENCI.0SURE A

f n t i ) i f !i l i t i i a s PU8LIC INFORMATION CIRCULAR FOR l SHIPMENTS OF IRRADIATED REACTOR FUEL i l l I k l U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY CO MISSION [ September 1980 l 1 b I i i I I i I 1 i t t b t i t ? l 5 ~

c au nuu 4 This circular has been prepared in response to numerous requests for infor-mation regarding routes for the shipmdnt of irradiated reactor (spent) fuel. Such routes are required by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to be approved by the NR'C staff prior to their first use, in accordance with the regulatory provisions of 10 CFR Part 73.37. These regulations were promul-gated in May, 1979 in response to Commission concerns about the possible threat of terrorist activity that could lead to radiological sabotage of spent fuel shipments. A* the time these safeguards regulations were promulgated the Commission judged the then existing regulations to be completely adequate in assuring the safety of spent fuel shipments from accidental dispersal of radioactive material. Thus the additional safeguards regulations contained in 10 CFR Part 73.37 were aimed exclusively at protection against radioactive dispersal caused by malevelent acts by persons. 9 The information included herein reflects NRC staff knowledge as of September 10, 1980. Spent fuel shipment routes, primarily for road transportation, but also including one rail route, are indicated on reproductions of commercially available road maps. Also included are the amounts of material shipped during the approxi-mate one year period that safeguards regulations have been effective, and informa-tion regarding NRC requirements for reporting safeguards incidents which could occur during a spent fuel shipment (of which none have been reported to date). l r l i

cuascais o P_ age PREFACE................................................................. i 1. INTRODUCTION.....................'.................................. 1 1.1 About This Publication........................................ 1 1.2 NRC Regulatory 0bjectives..................................... I 1.3 Safety of Spent Fuel Shipments................................ 3 2. SAFEGUARDS FOR SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS................................ 4 2.1 Safeguards Incident Reporting Requirements.................... 4 2.2 Safeguards Incidents Reported.................................. 5 3. APPROVED ROUTES FOR SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS........................... 5 3.1 Routes Described.............................................. 5 3.2 Ro u te D i sp l ay Fo nna t.......................................... 6 3.3 States Containing Approved Routes............................. 6 4. AMOUNTS OF SPENT FUEL SHIPPED...................................... 7 APPENDIX A - SPENT FUEL SHIPMENT ROUTES BY STATE................... A-1 Arizona............................................................ A-2 California....................................................... A-3 Colorado........................................................... A-6 Connecticut........................................................ A-7 Idaho.............................................................. A-8 1111nois........................................................... A-9 Indiana............................................................ A-10 Iowa............................................................... A-11 Kansas............................................................. A-12 Kentucky - Tennessee............................................... A-13 Maryland.......................................................... A-15 Michigan........................................................... A-16 Minnesota.......................................................... A-17 Missouri........................................................... A-18 Nebraska......................................................... A-19 Nevada............................................................. A-20 New Jersey......................................................... A-21 New Mexico......................................................... A-22 New York...... A-23 N o r t h C a ro n n a..................................................... A-24 0hio............................................................... A-25 O kl ahoma ( s ee Texas - 0 kl ahoma).................................... Oregon - Washington................................................ A-27 Pennsylvania....................................................... A-28 South Carolina..................................................... A-31 Tennessee (See Kentucky - Tennessee)............................... Te x a s - 0 k l a h o ma................................................... A-32 Utah.............................. A-33 Virginia - West Virginia........................................... A-34 Washington (See Oregon - Washington)............................... Wisconsin........................................................ A-36 West Virginia (See Virginia - West Virginia)....................... Wyoming............................................................ A-37 11

LlST 0F IdLEf ~ ~ ~ ^ ^ ~ ~ { 6 Ease 4 l Table 1 States Containing Approved Spent Fuel Shipment f Routes................................ 8 I i t I Table 2 Number / Quantity of Shipments (number /kgs)................. 9 i l t I s k 1 I i i i I t t I i I ? I I i 9 1 I f I i 9 I \\ l l l I l t I l . - - - -. - i

..muu. 2v. - s 1.1 About This Publication This publication is the first in a proposed series of semiannual publications issued by the Nuclear Regulato.ry Commission in response to public information requests regarding the Commission's regulation of shipments of irradiated A reactor fuel. Subsequent issues in this series will update the information contained herein. e This publication contains basically three kinds of information. (1) Routes approved by the Commission for the shipment of irradiated reactor

fuel, (2)

Information regarding any safeguards-significant incidents which have been reported to occur during shipments along such routes, and I (3) Cumulative amounts of material shipped. 1.2 hRC Regulatory Objectives The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is authorized under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, to regulate the private nuclear industry for purposes of protecting the public health and safety and the common defense and security of i the United States. The Commission is concerned with the transportation af all i nuclear materials in the nuclear fuel cycle, which includes the transportatica of irradiated reactor fuel (spent fuel). I Protection of the public, insofar as the transportation of spent fuel is concerned, depends on maintaining the integrity of the massive casks ir.'..hich l w

s i the spent fuel is transported. As long as the radioactive material is kept i within the casks, significant radiation doses to the public will not occur. The design of the cask is intended to provide reasonable assurance that 6 accidents do not cause severe leakage. The NRC believes that the package l design provides adequate protection so that it is safe to transport i appropriately packaged spent fuel over existing rail systems and over any i highway system that is designed to bear the weight, without specific NRC approval of the route. ) t Although the design of the massive cask makes difficult the release of a significant amount of radioactive material as a result of sabotage, the NRC believes that until the possible consequences of sabotage can be evaluated i more fully, protective measures in addition to reliance upon cask design are l prudent. Hence, exercising prudence, the Commission approved in May 1979, for i issuance in effective form, new interim regulations for strengthening the l protection of shipments of spent fuel against sabotage. In May 1980, these regulations were revised in response to public comments and were issued in effective form as an interim final rule. These regulations are expected to remain in effect until the completion of an ongoing research program concerning the response of spent fuel to certain forms of sabotage, at which i time the regulations may be rescinded, modified or made permanent, as appro-priate. In particular, these regulations require NRC approval of routes for the transportation of spent fuel. This requirement for advance route approval ) J is not based on accident prevention, but as a matter of prudence, is intended to provide additional protection against actual or attempted acts of sabotage. ( Further discussion of the safety of spent fuel shipments is provided below. i f l l b

~ l.3 Safety of Spent Fusi Shipments The NRC distinguishes between safety regulation of shipments and safeguards regulation of shipments. Safety deals with protection against adverse con-sequences from accidents or natural causes, while safeguards deals with the protection of shipments against deliberate, malevolent acts by persons. The NRC ensures the safety of spent fuel shipments mainly through stringent packaging requirements. Spent fuel is shipped only in massive, durable casks designed to withstand severe accidents without release of the radioactive contents. Of the thousands of shipments that have been made during the past thirty 1 years, none has resulted in an identifiable injury to the public through i release of radioactive material. General standards and requirements for spent fuel casks are set forth in NRC regulations. A cask must be designed to withstand a series of specified impact, puncture, and fire environments, thereby providing reasonable assur-ance that the package will withstand serious transportation accidents. The cask design is initially reviewed by the NRC staff to verify its resistance to dCCidents. A Certificate must be issued by the NRC before a cask fabricated from that design can be used to transport spent fuel. i The standards that have been established in the regulations provide that a eask shall prevent the loss or dispersion of the radioactive contents, provide t adequate shielding and heat dissipation, and prevent nuclear criticality under l both normal and accident conditions of transportation. The normal conditions l of transportation which must be considered are specified in the regulations in terms of hot and cold environments, pressure differential, vibration, water i

~ spr y, imp ct, punctura, and coiapression tests. Accid:nt conditions which cust b] considered ars sp;cified in ts rms of imptet, punctura, and fira conditions. Thus far, success of the packaging strategy has been demonstrated despite an occasional violent traffic accident. For example, one such accident occurred on December 8, 1970, on a major highway near Oak Ridge, Tennessee..In this accident, the driver of a vehicle carrying a spent fuel cask swerved to avoid colliding with an oncoming vehicle, lost control, and overturneo off the roadway. The cask assembly was thrown into a ditch, traveling more than one hundred feet before coming to rest. No release of contents or release of radiation occurred. The outer surface of the cask suffered minor damage. The cask was recovered and subsequently returned to service after repairs. The durableness of casks has also been demonstrated in controlled tests. In one test, a truck bearing a cask was deliberately placed in the path of and struck by a 120-ton locomotive traveling about 80 miles per hour. In another test, a cask aboard a truck moving at about 80 miles per hour was deliberately crashed into an immovable concrete structure. Subsequent examination confirmed in both of these tests that no radioactive material would have been released from these casks had they been loaded with spent fuel. Thus, both field experience and controlled tests have substantiated the NRC strategy of depending upon packaging design for safety in transit. l 2. SAFEGUARDS FOR SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS l 2.1 Safeguards Incident Reporting Requirements Safeguards incidents for spent fuel shipments are those which involve attempts at sabotage of spent fuel, or purposeful acts which threaten or result in i l

=.gni 1 cant uegeducciva' or one sareguarus system useo to protect tne sr.1pment. Lic nse:s are currently r:quir:d to r: cord cuch ev:nts in a writttn log which is available to NRC personnel. In addition, licensees may soon be required under proposed amendments to the regufations (10 CFR Part 73) to promptly report safeguards incidents to the NRC by telephone, followed by a written report. Licensees are also required under existing regulations to immediately notify local law enforcement authorities upon the occurrence or discovery of a safeguards incident for the purpose of initiating an appropriate response. I 2.2 Safeguards Incidents Reported i To date, no safeguards incidents have been reported to have occurred during a spent fuel shipment under NRC license. Although there have been several minor l incidents (flat tire, radiator hose repair, brake drum replacement) none of these have caused or been accompanied by a significant degradation in the effectiveness of the safeguards systems employed in accordance with NRC requirements. Any future safeguards incidents reported under the regulations referred to above will be included in subsequent issues in this series of publications. 3. APPROVED ROUTES FOR ?ENT FUEL SHIPMENTS 3.1 Routes Described i NRC licensees planning to ship spent fuel are required to submit proposed + routes for such shipments to the NRC staff for approval prior to the first use of a given route. Once approved, the same route may be utilized for addi-l tional shipments in a proposed series of shipments without further approval of the route, providing that the NRC is notified in advance of each shipment. l From time to time, the NRC may authorize alternate routes or detours as l 1 i

u.rceistence= uic uc.e ac cae' time or Taipment.' niso, minor cecours may oe tik:n with:ut prior approval in r:sp:nst to unforessan circumstances which arise during a shipment. Criteria for determining when and how such detours may be taken are provided in published regulatory guidance (NUREG-0561/Rev. 1). i L The spent fuel shipment routes shown in Appendix A in this document are those which were approved as of September 10, 1980.. Some of these routes have been used for ser'es of shipments which have already been completed, others for series of shipments which have yet to be completed, while some have been approved but have yet to be utilized. Also, some routes were changed from the originally approved route after one or more shipments in a series were completed. The routes shown do not include previous routes which are no longer approved or those contemplated for future shipments but which are not yet approved. 3.2 Route Display Format The routes are shown in the form of maps adapted from a commercially available road atlas. Each state containing one or more approved spent fuel shipment routes is represented. In some cases, to achieve the best clarity, only the portions of the state including the routes are shown. The routes are indicated by widened shaded lines drawn along the routes and should be obvious to the reader. The route numbers have been left unshaded to assure maximum clarity. 3.3 States Containing Aroroved Routes The states containing portions of approved spent fuel shipment routes are listed in Table 1. In total, there are thirty-three states containing portions of such routes.

nnuunsa ur arcas rutt anAertu i The amounts of spent fuel shipped from one facility to another are presented 1 in Table 2. Each entry describes the' number of shipments completed between July 16, 1979 and September 10, 1980, and the total number of kilograms of spent fuel included in such shipments (exclusive of structural and packaging material). Since some nuclear facilities both send and receive spent fuel shipments, shipments may proceed in either di.rection along a given route. Accordingly, each location listed in Table 2 is considered to be alternately a point of origin or destination. I

1.. ARIZONA 17. NEW JERSEY 2. CALIFORNIA 18. NEW MEXICO 3. COLORADO 19. NEW YORK 4. CONNECTICUT 20. NORTH CAROLINA 5. IDAHO 21. OHIO 6. ILLIN0IS 22. OKLAHOMA 7. INDIANA 23. OREGON 8. IOWA 24. PENNSYLVANIA 9. KANSAS 25. SOUTH CAROLINA 10. KENTUCKY 26. TENNESSEE 11. MARYLAND 27. TEXAS 12. MICHIGAN 28. UTAH 13. MINNES0TA 29. VIRGINIA 14. MISSOURI 30. "ASHI!!GT0!! 15. NEBRASKA 31. uIscoisIt! 16. NEVADA 32. "EST VIRr-It!I.A 33. "YO"It!G f t

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egy4,g.s 1 w;, z e^ l 1 1, s L' k' 4 3-. 4: 4-. L. t-1 Ia I' { 9 k 4 ( 2 ENCLOSURE B i i ) 1 s } i i i t y. WEOk4eghog.g, J C:.

e Dear Governor Enclosed is a pre-release copy of a draft NUREG document providing information on spent fuel shipment routes approved by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission as of September 10, 1980. This document is in response to numerous requests for such information received by the Commission since new safeguards regulations became effective for spent fuel shipment routes i in July,1979. We intend to release this document in draft form on September ,1980 due to high interest in these approved routes. i This document was developed in conjunction with other efforts now being i underta. ken by the NRC to ensure that state governors are aware of ship-ments of radioactive wastes by NRC licensees through their states. In 't response to the recently signed Public Law 96-295, we are developing i regulations which will result in notification to the states of shipment times and routes prior to each such shipment by an NRC licensee. We intend to request your comments prior to making these regulations l effective. Sincerely, I I John F. Ahearne Chairman

Enclosure:

Draft NUREG-0725 a 1 r Enclosure "B" l l

,c ,5 l j i l ti S [ } e I w. $r s r ( V. 3 p t t i ( c r { ENCLOSURE C t 3s s 5; E t k s I i k c t h I ti {t t 1i l } i f N:.. %%,~ A+% r-~.,,, _,,.m. m, m o

e... NRC PUBLISHES ROUTES FOR SPENT FUEL SHIPMENTS The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has made available to the state governors a report showing NRC-apvoved routes for the shipment of spent j nuclear reactor fuel. The report, which reflects data for the period from July 16, 1979, j to September 10, 1980, contains maps detailing the approved routes in each of the 33 states through which spent fuel shipments may pass. It also gives the total number of shipments made and the total amount of spent fuel shipped i between various nuclear facilities. NRC regulatio~ s require that the routes for spent fuel shipments be approved by the NRC before their fi'st use by an NRC licensee. Once approved, the same route may be used for additional shipments in a proposed series of shipments without further approval of the route, provided the NRC is notified in advance of each shipment. A copy of the report, which was issued to the governors in draft form, is available for public inspection at the NRC Public Document Room,1717 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. The published version, entitled "Public r Information Circular for Shipments of Irradiated Reactnr Fuel" (NUREG-0725), will be avai' able for purchase in a few weeks from the GP0 Sales Program, Division of Techrdcal Information and Document Control, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C. 20555, and from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. Future issuances of { the report will be on a semiannual basis. Enclosure "C"}}

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