ML19270F601
| ML19270F601 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Harris  |
| Issue date: | 01/02/1979 |
| From: | EBASCO SERVICES, INC. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML18017A476 | List: |
| References | |
| CAR-SH-CH-8, NUDOCS 7902220074 | |
| Download: ML19270F601 (16) | |
Text
f..~ 758/4 73 1
Project Identification
,-1 fy h,io n n e,,'C A SCr, No. CAR-SH-CH-8 l% l,VW.%U IE,j'
'O.
\\
h!
\\ g. -
i M *,
6498 i
?
EBASCO SERVICES INCORPORATED 1
Clh
/
,' s,,,,,h 5' o s
EBASCO SPECIFICATION
,g,gi EXCAVATION, BACKFILL, FILLING & GRADING (This_spe_cification is applicable to Seismic Category I and Non-Seismic Structures.
For classification see applicable drawings)
PURCHASER:
OWNER:
CAROLINA PNER & LIGHT COMPANY OPERATING COMPANY: CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY PROJECT:
SHEARON HARRIS NUCLEAR POWER PLANT UNIT NO.: 1.2.3&4 NOMINAL KW 900,000 IGi PER UNIT LOCATION:
WAKE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA SE!.LER :
"THIS DOCUMENT IS DELIVERED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION X OF THE CONTRACT BEIVEEN CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY A'D EBASCO SERVICES INCORPORATED DAIED SEPTEMBER 1, 1970, AS AMENDED."
Prepared under the supervision of d'.
Ild NC PE NO. 4935 Andrew A Ferlito Murray Weber NC PE NO. 6498 CP&L Spec. Status Date Prepared Bv:
Reviewed Bv:
Pages Af fected Approval Dr.
original 9/12/73 M M Kamble 3 J L Ehasz.
July _I8[15
~
& ~ ~ 7.c h..<tL' l -b..!
~ ~
\\
R1 ;
12/10/73 S N Goyalg J L Ehas,z 2, 5, 10 &ll 12/5/73 A cu h i[fo/7J t
2,7,8,9,10,11 5' 5/8/74
~~
R2 5/22174.-
S N Coy 1 J
as R3 11/5/74 3 N Goy I L Ehas 2.8,9,11 & 12 10/3/74 R4 10/18/77 S N Goyal JL a
8 10/3/77 R5 See Next Page 7902220676/1
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 CP&L Spec. Status Da te Prepared Bv:
Reviewed Bv:
Pages Affected Approval Dat dvMb#
g R$
1/10/78 S N Goyal J L Ehas h 4>A 'h/, --- 1,g,69 12/30/77 S yGoyalm J L Ehesz;fyks 9.f.
c.
e R6,,
4/4/78 11 3/28/78 b m&4f Sk[
yp[b 1
! '! O R7 J L Ehasz Cover h.wd. ifp7
J EBASCO SERVICES INCORPORATED ERASCO SPECIFICATION EXCAVATION, BACKFILL, FILLING & GRADING CON"ENTS Paragraoh Page Scope 1
1 Standards and Definitions 2
1 Excavar. ion'- General 3
2 Classification of Excavation 4
3 Variation in Excavation 5
3 Disposition of Excavated Material 6
3 Presplitting 7
4 Blasting 8
5 Over-Excavation 9
6 Foundation Preparation 10 7
Backfill General 11 7
Backfill or Fill Material 12 S
R5 Placement of Backfill or Fill 13 12 COPYRIGHT 1973 EBASCO SERVICES INCORPORATED TWO RECTOR STREET NEW YORK i
/
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 1.
SCOPE This specification covers the excavation, foundation preparation and back-filling for plant area buildings, all reservoir concreta structures and filling and grading in the plant area as shown on the drawings.
In addition, the work under this specification shall also include:
a - Grubbing, removal and disposal of stumps, roots and organic material b - Storage or disposal of all earth, sand, gravel, rock, boulders, debris and/or other materials at the locations shown on the drawings or approved by the Owner c - The maintenance of all excavatione during construction d - Providing, installing, maintaining and removing any necessary sheet piling, sheeting, bracing and/or shoring e - Erecting and maintaining substantial barricades around excavations where required for safety f - Backfilling of all un{ authorized over-excavations g - Care and removal of all surface water, rain water or ground water seeping and flowing into the excavations by means of ditching, damming, pu= ping or other suitable means approved by the Owner h - The foundation preparation in advance of concrete placement under the plant buildings and all concrete structures in the r Mervoir area In addition to the general requirements of this specification, mil additional specific' requirements pertaining to excavation as defined in Specifications CAR-SH-CH-4._ " Embankments, Dams, Dikes and Channels" and CAR-SH-CH-3," Clearing sud Grubbing" shall also apply.
2.
STANDARDS AND DEFINITIONS
.1 Standards Equipment and/or services furnished in accordance with this specification shall comply with all Federal and State laws and local ordinances of the place of installation and with the following codes to the extent referenced herein.
Unless otherwise noted, the document with addenda, amendments and revisions in effect on the date of the contract will apply. Later editions may be used by mutual consent in writing between the Contractor and Owner.
a - ASTM D2049, " Relative Density of Cohesionless Soils" b - ASTM D698, " Moisture-Density Relations of Soils R2 using 5.5 lb Rammer and 12 in. Drop" c - ASTM D2216 " laboratory Determination of Moisture Content R5 of Soil" d - ASTM D3017 " Moisture Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 2.
STANDARDS ".ND DEFINITIONS (Cont'd)
.1 Standards (Cont'd) e - ASTM D1556 " Density of Soil in Place by Sand Cons Method" R1 f - ASTM D2167 " Density of Soil in Place by the Rubber-Balloon Method" 8 - AS134 D2937 " Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-Cylirder Method" h - ASTM D2922 " Determining the Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate lR3 in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)"
i - ASTM C88, " Test for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium R2 Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate" 3 - ASTM Cl31, " Test for Resistance to Abrasion of Small Size Coarse Aggregate by Use of the Los Angeles t'achine" k - Ebasco Specifications CAR-SH-CH-3, " Clearing and Grubbing" CAR-SH-CH-4, " Embankments, Dams, Dikes and Channels'
.2 Definitions a - Owner In these specifications, the word "0wner" shall mean the individual appointed by the Owner and charged with technical acceptance of the work for the Owner, or his authorized agents, engineers, assistants and inspectors acting severally within the scope of the particular duties and authorities delegated to them.
b - Engineer In this specification, the word " Engineer" shall mean the Design Engineer, Ebasco Services Incorporated.
3.
EXCAVATION - GENERAL Stumps remainirg from clearing operations shall be cut flush or removed as directed by the Owner. All stump holes shall be filled and the area rough graded. All debris shall be disposed of as specified in Paragraph 4 of Specification CAR-SH-CH-3 " Clearing and Grubbing." Burying of debris shall not be permitted within 1000 f t of the area grubbed.
During the course of all excavation work located in areas beyond the clearing and grubbing lines shown on the drawings, extreme care shall be exercised by the Contractor to preserve and avoid damage to trees, shrubs and all other vegetation which does not directly hamper work progress. The Contractor's plans for the dimensions and routes of required. access roads shall be sub-ject to the approval of the Owner and he shall not enter any designated picnic, camping or recreational areas, except with _.itten permission of the Owner.
f The discharge into natural sr eams or ponds of gasoline, oil or any other waste material is prohibited.
In rock excavation where the drawings show or the Owner directs that structures are to be founded on compacted crushed rock and random or concrete fill, the foundation shall be over-excavated to provide for a minimum of 6 in. -f such 4 material, unless otherwise noted on the drawings.
Se
- p
/
~
Ebasco' Specification Excavation, Backiill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 3.
EXCAVATION - CENERAL (Cont'd)
Adequate barricades shall be erected ard maintained around excavations where required for safety.
4.
CLASSIFICATION OF EXCAVATION All excavation shall be considered to fall within the following two classifi-cations; a - Unclassified Unclassified excavation shall consist of the removal, storage and/
or disposal of all materials required to be removed such as topsoil, clay, sand, gravel, rock fragments, boulders, soft and disintegrated rock or any other material that can be effectively removed by a D9 Caterpillar Tractor or equal eaidpped with a single tooth ripper, b - Rock Rock excavation shall consist of the removal, storage and/or disposal of such bedrock formations which require continuous drilling and blasting.
5.
VARIATION IN EXCAVATION It is likely that fissures, cracks, joints, cavities, overhangc or other irregularities in the rock surface may be encountered that will require excava-tion in excess of the foundatien lines and grades initially shown on the drawings or specified.
The right is reserved by the Owt.er to vary the depth, width and length of excavation and to increase or decrease the slopes of the excavations for the purpose of obtaining the most stable or economical foundation or the most desirable final result. The right is also. reserved by the Owner to require that additional excavation be performed after excavation has been commenced or has been completed to the lines and/or grades shown on the drawings, previously specified, ordered, or staked on the ground.
.1 Variations of depth, width and length of excavation or increase and decrease of excavation slopes from those shown on the drawings or established by the Engineer which are required by the Contractor for any reason shall be approved by the Owner hafore such changes are made.
4 6.
DISPOSITION OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL
.1 Topsoil.
Lomediately af ter grubbing and stump removal operations and before general ex-cavation commences, topsoil shall be removed where and to such a depth as may be directed by the Owner. Topsoil is defined as the loamy dark surface or top layer of soil including fine roots, the herbaceous vegetation and overlying grass and is characterized by the presence of organic mat'.er.
The topsoil to be reused shall be stockpiled at convenient approved locations.
Compaction of this soil shall be accomplished by two or three passages of hauling and spreading equipment. Stockpiles shall be smoothed to a measurable eutline and shall be constructed as directed and approved by the Owner.
3
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 6.
DISPOSITION OF EXCAVATED MATERIAL (Cont'd)
.2 Suitable Excavated Material Insofar as it is practicable, all suitable materials resulting from open cut excavations shall be used for permanent construction.
The Contractor's blasting and other operations in the excavations shall be such that the materials excavated shall yield as much required suitable material as practicable, and shall be subject to the approval of the Owner.
Where practicable, materials suirable for use for construction chall be excavated separately from materials to be wasted.
Suitable material shall be segregated by loads during the excavation and shall be placed in temporary stockpiles and later placed in the designated final locations in accordance with the appropriate drawings.
.3 Unsuitable Excavated Material Excavated materials which are unsuitable for use in accordance with this
, specification and Specification CAR-SH-CH-4, " Embankments, Dams, Dikes and Channels" and the appropriate drawings or which are waste or excess material not required ror construction of dams, d'.kes, backfill for plant area buildings or fill for the plant area or reservoir embankment shall be dis-posed of in vaste disposal areas shown on the drawings or designated by the Owner.
All waste or excess material shall be disposed of in a manner which will avoid the necessity of rehandling or the interference with other work.
It shall be spread and graded in uniform layers and compacted by two passages of crawler-type tractors, smooth rollars or other equipment approved by the Owner.
If disposed of in benches, precautions shall be taken, to the Owner's satisfaction, to prevent material from rolling downhill.
Waste piles shall be shaped to insure drainage.
In particular, the sandy silty alluvium, located in the existing strea= bed areas of the plant area shall be removed and if suitable, shall be placed elsewhere as random fill and compacted as hereinafter specified.
7.
PRISPLITTING Presplitting of in-situ rock, either competent or weathered, shall be performed where required by the Owner to obtain final specified open cut excavation surfaces for the plant area buildings, spillway-channels and other structures..
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 7.
PRESPLITTING (Cont'd)
.1 Drilling and blasting for presplitting may proceed well iu advance of general blasting. Alternately, all blasting may be performed at once if the presplitting holes are detonated first, using delay techniques.
.2 All drill holes for presplitting shall be a minimum of 2-1/2 in.
in diameter with center to center spacing no closer than 2 ft.
Holes may be percussion drilled along the lines and to the inclinations indicated on the drawings and established by the owner.
Every e ffort should be made to secure precise location and strict parallelism of all presplit holes to provide a continuous split.
8.
BLASTING The Contractor shall obtain all necessary blasting permits from the regulatory agencies before proceeding with the work.
It shall be the obligation of the Contractor to select explosives which will produce the desired work of excav-ation with maximum safety and overall project economy.
The Contractor's
. proposed plans for transportation, unloading, storage, magazine location and distribution of explosives from storage to the blast area shall be submitted to the Owner for his approval prior to the commencement of the work of excavation. As a mini =um, the handling and storage of all explosives and blasting supplies, at all stages of their existence, shall comply with procedures as outlined in the " Blaster's Handbook" published by E I Du Pont de Nemours and Company Inc, of Wilmington, Delaware. Existing North Carolina or Federal governmental laws or regulations embodying more stringent requirements than outlined in the " Blaster's Handbook" shall be considered as superseding the applicable portions of the Handbook and shall be complied with in all respe ts."-
e -
.1 All necessary precautions shal_i_ be taken to preserve the rock b3 yond ___,
blasting will not be permitted closer than 3 ft to the rock which will form _ _,
, R1 and below the lines of excavacion in a sound condition.
. Heavy the final foundation of concrete structures.
In excavations for Class I structures this 3 ft may be increased by the Owner as necessary to ensure complete soundness of the final excavated foundation rock. As an excavation approaches its final lines, the depth of holes for blasting ar.d the amount of explosive used per. _ hole shall be reduced progressively such that in _the opinion of the Owner light blasting is Used to remove the material effsetively. _R1
~
Where presplitting techniques as outlined in Se : ton 7 are not used, and in the opinion of the owner, satisfactory result; will_not be obtained through light blasting closer than 3 ft to the final require.d_ rock face,_
excavation of the fanadatign'shall then continue' by barring, wedging, picking or other suitable means approved-by the owner. Damage done to surfaces by blasting, including the shattering of the material beyond the required excavation lines, shall be repaired by removal of the damaged materials and backfilling with concrete or other selected materials as set forth in Section 9 of this specification..
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 8.
BLASTING (Cont'd)
.2 Before the start of any large 4cale rock excavation, various arrange-ments of blasting charges, hole diamet4rs and hole spacing shall be tested for all types of blasting to deternine those which will produce the desired results with maximum economy.
.3 The spacing and size of drill holes may be varied with the approval or at the direction of the owner to suit the material encountered during construction so that a smooth face, reason _a'ble. free of loose rock is produced.
It shall be the contractor's responsibility to drill as many holes as are required to satisfactorily complete the work.
.4 No blasting shall be performed in any excavation until the size and pattern of blast holes and the amount and distribution of blasting charges has been reviewed by the Owner. Each and every blast will be prerecorded and the Owner will sign off each blast prior to the firing.
.5 When blasting is being done within 500 feet of concrete structures, whether newly placed or existing, a careful and documented monitoring program of velocity medsurements must be conducted with calibrated instrumentation. Generally no blasting shall be performed for:first 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> sfter concrete placement. If blasting must be done during the first 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> then the powder and distance relationships must be controlled to limit the peak particle velocities at the newly placed concrete to the following limits; the first 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> shall be limited to less than 0.2 inches per second, 12 to 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> shall be limited to 0.6 inches per second at 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> and allowed to increase linearly at the rate of 0.3 inches per second per hour. The limiting peak particle velocity after 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> shall be 4 inches per second. The Contractor shall submit to the owner for approval prior to blasting the drilling pattern, ignition pattern, charge and other details of the operations and any calculations u.s_ed,_to, establish that the existing structures will not be slayaged by T21astint. j 9.
OVER-EXCAVATION
.1 If unclassified materials are excavated excessively beyond the lines shown on the drawings or established by the owner, the Owner may direct that such over-excavation be backfilled.
The backfill shall be a selected back-Jfil_c;~a~tejiah as herefnifier 'spsfeiffedQ1 aced in layers not. more than. 6 in-ithick,if hand compacted, or 9 in._thi.ck, if machine compacted, moistened and thoroughly compacted by temping or rolling to the degree of compaction specified on the drawings or in the specifications.
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 9.
OVER-EXCAVATION (Cont'd)
.2 In all rock excavations where concrete is to be placed upon or against rock surfaces, over-excavation beyond the lines shown on the drawings or lines established by the Owner shall be backfilled with concrete.
It shall be the same class as that of the concrete to be placed in contact with the rock.
10.
FOUNDATION PREPARATION All rock foundations which will be in contact with masonry shall be. suitably prepared by washing, or blowing by compressed air in advance of concrete placement. All soil, muck, small rock fragments and other foreign materials shall be removed.
In any area where the nature of the rock is such that it would be softened by was,hing with, water, blow pipes and compressed air shall be used and a concrete _s_eal_ mat _ shall immediately be placed by the Con-tractor. Any water and debris collecting in the low spots shall be re=oved.
The preparation of foundation rock surfaces under dams, dikes and embankments
,shall be performed in accordance with the appropriate section of Specification CAR-SH-CH-4, " Embankments, Dams, Dikes and Channels."
11.
BACKFILL GENERAL Backfill material around masonry strue.tures shall not be placed until released by the Owner after consideration of curing and strength require-ments for the concrete.
.1 Care shall be taken to place backfill sy= metrically, and in uniform layers, to prevent harmful eccentric loading on a structure or founda. ion.
e
.2 Where a large number of lifts are required to complete a backfill operation and the elapsed time between placement is large, the surface of each lift should be sloped slightly to facilitate drainage and prevent ponding on the fill.
.3 All necessary processing, including raking, crushing, removal of oversize materials, mixing and watering or aerating shall be performed in the stockpile or borrow pit.
Only minor adjustments in water content will be permitted on the fill after it has_ been _nlaced.. _However,--adding R2-
~
water-eo-increase water c6n~tetit7n fill during placement may be permitted by the Owner where sheepsfoot/wedgefoot roller is used for compaction.
4 Unless otherwise specified or directed by the Owner, heavy hauling or compacting equipment shall be permitted no closer than three feet to any
' atructure er foundation ~during b_ac_kfilling. In all areas closer than three feet, 7-
~ '.
Ebasc'o Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 11.
BACKFILL GENERAL (Cont'd) 9
.4 (Cont'd) or where work space is limited, portable equipment such as vibratory plates, rammers, or pneumatic tampers shall be used. The equipment and procedures used shall be subject to the approval of the Owner.
.5 In place density of backfill shall be determined by either one of the following fcur methods ASTM D 1556, D 2167, D 2937 or D 2922 -
Method B as designated by the owner.To calculate dry density from wet R5 density determined according to ASTM D 2922, moisture content shall be determined by ASTM D 2216 or D 3017.
If ASTM D '3017 is used to determine moisture content, one calibration test for the equipment shall be perfor=ed after every 10 tests by comparison with moisture content by ASTM D 2216.
If the calibration test indicates a deviation of more than
- 27. moisture content the use of nuclear method shall be dis-continued.
If ASTM D 2922 is used to determine in place density, one calibrat_ ion _ test _ for the_ equipment shall_be p_er_ formed a f ter,every ten tests by_c,c,mparison with in-place density test by ASTM D 1556, D 2167 or D 2737 as designated by the Owner. The calibration test shall be R5 performed on a similar material for which the equipment is used in the field. The calibration test frequency may be reduced by the Owner from one in ten to one in 25 after a review of the performance of the equipment after at least 10 calibration tests (i.e.100 tests) for each piece of equipment have been performed and the deviation of moisture content when compared with ASTM D _2216 or density when compared with ASTM D 1556, D 2167 or D 2937 is not more than
- 27..
E
- 4 L3 h
h(
Ipecification g
Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading e-yr W
oject Identification R-SH-CH-8
{
w.
BACKFILL OR FILL MATERIAL F
ackfill or fill materials used at any location shall be those called g/
the drawings, specified herein or desi nated and approved by the 3
and shall conform to the following requirements:
{
1 Random Fill h
5htsaterialsusedforrandomfillmaybeanyexcavatedunclassifiedmaterial h
ek and shall be free of stumps, roots, brush, rubbish, organic topsoil 4
her objectionable material. While no specific requirements covering I
type", gradation or size limitation for this material are presented herein, p
sources shall be subject to the approval of the Owner.
}...2' Selected Backfill SelTeted backfill shall be used around pipe 8 and at places shown or called or on the drawings. Selected backfill shall be soil overburden material ich the maximum size of stones not more than 3 in. obtained from local over-
.~,f urden excavation at the site. Selected backfill around plant buildings shall be clayey and silty residual soils, predominantly (over 907.) derived from R5 claystones and siltstones, obtained from excavations or borrow areas from d the vicinity of plant, auxiliary dam and spillway, and auxiliary dike areas, d "shall be free of stones larger than 3 in. and 957. of the material. shall ss thru 3/4 in. screen.
y Riprap t
p materials shall consist of sandstone, conglomerate or granitic rock frag-ents that are dense blocky, resistant to abrasion and free of cracks, seams d other defects that would tend to increase their destruction by water and ost actions. To determine the suitability of riprap materials, Los Angeles brasion Test in accordance with the provisions of ASTM C131, Sodium Sulfate undness Test in accordance with the provisions of ASTM C88, and Accelerated ansgnTest in accordance with the procedure described herein shall be per-ed a the riprap materials.
e h for Accelerated Expansion Test: Soak 10-12 lb df rock fragments ing d to 3/4 inch in ethylene glycol in a plastic or glass container room temperature. Examine the rock pieces daily for a maximum period
.. days for any signs of deterioration. Rocks withstanding this test the " full period of the test will be acceptable".
S
.t,..
Ebasco Spccification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 12.
BACKFILL OR FILL MATERIAL (Cont'd)
+
.3 Riprap (Cont'd)
Riprap shall be classified as Type A, Type B and Type C riprap, and shall be well graded as specified below:
Type A riprap shall have seventy percent of rock ranging in size from 24 inches to 48 inches. 2he average size shall not be less than 30 inches and the dimension in any direction shall not be less than 18 inches.
Type B riprap shall have seventy percent of the rock ranging in size from 12 inches to 24 inches. The average size shall not be less than 16 inches and the dimension in any direction shall not be less than 10 inches.
Type C riprap shall have seventy percent of rock ranging from 8 inches to R2 16 inches. The average size shall not be less than 10 inches and the dimension in any direction shall not be less than 6 inches.
In all types of riprap mentioned above, slabs or rock slivers with maxi-mum dimensions larger than twice the respective specified average dimension will not be accepted.
.4 Crushed Rock Crushed rock for drainage layer, bedding or road base shall be used at the following locations:
~
a - Behind retaining walls shown on the drawings to serve as a drainage layer or as fill material as shown on the drawings.
b - As bedding material for pipes, conduits, electrical conduits, " ~
R3
~
cable trenches or other structureswhere required in rock excavationsJ
~ ~ ~
~
c - As a filter blanket or bedding beneath riprap slope protection where specified.
d - As road base where specified.
e - Elsewhere as directed by the Owner or shown on the drawings.
The crushed rock shall consist of hard, durable rock such as granite, sandstone or conglomerate and may be obtained from structure rock ex-cavation or quarry and shall meet the following gradation requirements:
Percent Finer when used as Drainage Layer, Filter Blanket, Percent Finer when Percent Finer or Fill-Material as sE5wn~5n used as Bedding for when used as R2 S ize Drawings
- ' ~ " - ~ " '
Pice, ete Road Base 3 in.95-100 80-100 1-1/2 in.
55-80
'Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading
' Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 12.
BACKFILL OR FILL MATERIAL (Cont'd)
.4 Crushed Rock (Cont'd)
Percent Finer when used as Drainage Layer, Filter Blanket, Percent Finer when Percent Finer or Fill-Material as shown an used as Bedding for when used as Size
-' Drawings Pipe, ete Road Base 3/4 in.
30-55 68-100 1/2 in, 100
.55-100 3/8 in.
5-20 No. 4 0-10 83-100 35-80 No. 40 36-54 14-45 No. 200 0-15 5-25 R6'.
The road base material given above is same as " Soil Type Base Course 910.5 (Type B)" of standard specifications for roads and structures, North Carolina State Highway Commission.
Crushed rock used as bedding beneath various types of riprap shall meet the
.following gradation requirements:
Percentage Bv Weight Passing
' Bedding Type A for Bedding Type B for Bedding Type C for Size Riprap Type A Riprap Type B Riprap Type C R2 12 in.
100
- 6 in.83-100 100 3 in.
66-81 78-100 100 1-1/2 in.
50-66 56-76 76-90 3/4 in.
32-49 34-50 50-65 3/8 in.
16-32 17-34 25-40 No. 4 0-16 0-17 12-22 No. 8 0-10 f.----
- ~.. _...
. T.-. - - - -
-r-
~
- - -. =
,m
_s 4
._e.,,,._s-e-
..-e re*==6=
' ' * * * * *
.mge,
....ee-11 -
WP
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, Filling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 13.
PLACEMENT OF BACKFILL OR FILL
.1 Random Fill Random fill as specified in Section 12.1 shall be placed in the area and to the lines and grades shown on the drawings or as directed by the Owner.
Lefore placement of any random fill, a test fill section shall be constructed using a vibratory roller having a dynamic force of not less than 40,000 lb, or a sheepsfoot/wedgefoot roller having an operation weight of not less than 4000 lb per linear foot or a 50-ton rubber tired roller compactor. Various R2 combinations of layer thickness and roller passes shall be tried. For each layer thickness tested, either settlement readings shall be taken after each pass at a number of points on the fill and the average plotted against layer R2 thickness or density tests shall be performed after each pass at a number of points in the fill when the size of material is small enough to conduct in-place density tests by the Sand Cone Method. The final choice of layer thick-ness and rmmber of passes will be determined by the Engineer and the Owner based upon these results as well as appearance and response to rolling.
R1 If 90 percent of the random material passes 3/4 in. screen, construction of test section shall not be required.
It shall be compacted in layers not more thsn 8 in. compacted thickness to 95 percent.of the maximum density ob-R3
'tained in Standard Proctor Compaction Test (ASTM D698-Method A,B,C or D to be used shall be determined by the Owner).
In-place density shall be deter-R1 mined as specified in Paragraph 11.5.
Layers up to 12 inches compacted thick-R2 ness may be permitted by the Owner when found satisfactory by testfill program performed on a similar material.
The random fill shall be placed carefully so as not to injure structures or piping or disturb previously placed backfill of any type.
Where random fill is placed in conjunction with drainage layers, both materials shall be placed at the same rate. Care shall be taken to prevent mixing of material which would hamper the effectiveness of the drainage layer.
All materials shall be deposited and graded so that cobbles, gravel and boulders will be well distributed and not concentrated in pockets or in any one layer. The, fill material shall not be placed while frozen nor shall it be placed on frozen surfaces.
Prior to placing random fill, any sof t and unsuitable material in foundation shall be removed and such removals shall be filled back with the same material or with random fill and compacted to required dens!.ty according to the specification.
Where random fill is to be placed over firm ground other than rock, a series of open furrows shall be formed not less than 8 in. deep below the ground at intervals of not more than 3 ft and compaction of the existing ground will not be required prior to the placement of random fill.
12 -
~
Ebasco Specification Excavation, Backfill, tilling and Grading Project Identification No. CAR-SH-CH-8 13.
PLACEMENT OF BACKFILL 0" "ILL (Cont'J)
~
.2 Selected Backfill Selected backfill shall be hand or machine compacted in layers not more than 6 in, compacted thickness to a density not less than 95 percent Standard _,
Proctor Density and in-place density shall be determined as specified in R1 Parsgte h 11.5.
R3
.3 Riprap Rock for riprap shall be placed on the crushed rock bedding in such a manner R2 as to ensure that the individual sections will be interlocked and form a rough surface so that the completed riprap is stable, without tendency to slide and with no unreasonably large protrusions from or hollows.in.the__
surface or unfilled spaces within the riprap. The inclusion of rock spalls,
or gravel in the mass in an amount not in excess of that required to fill voids in the riprap will be permitted. Riprap may be placed concurrently with the placement of the random fill or, in a single operation af ter all random fill has been placed to final' lines and grades.
kftheriprapisplacedinasingleoperation,itshallbeplacedtoits full slope thickness as indicated on the drawings in one operation and in such a manner as to avoid displacing the underlying materials. Placing dumped riprap in sloping layers will not be permitted. The individual sections must be carefully placed so that the riprap.will be interlocked and form a rough surface.
.4 Crushed Rock Crushed rock materials except when used as a Sedding for riprap may be com-R2 pseted by the passage of dozers or by surface vibrators, smooth rollers, power campers or other equipment approved by the Owner.
The relative density of the compacted material shall be not less than 70 percent as determined from tests conducted in accordance with the pro-R1 visions of ASTM D2049, " Relative _D_ensity of Cohesionless_ Soils."_ _ In_-place density shall be determined.as,speci_fied in Paragraph 11.5..
R3 Where compaction of crushed rock backfill is perfor=ed by hand portable equipment, the material shall be deposited in horizontal layers, which, after compaction, are not more than 6 in, thick. Where compaction is performed using dozers, rollers or other similar equipment, the material may be deposited in layers which, after compaction, are not more than 12 in. thick.
During the compaction of crushed rock, the material shall be vetted thoroughly throughout the entire layer being compacted..