ML101890069

Notification of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit Renewal

ML101890069
Person / Time
Site:	Watts Bar
Issue date:	07/06/2010
From:	Krich R Tennessee Valley Authority
To:	Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
Download: ML101890069 (104)

Text

Tennessee Valley Authority 1101 Market Street, LP 3R Chattanooga, Tennessee 37402-2801 R. M. Krich Vice President Nuclear Licensing July 6, 2010 10 CFR 50.4 ATTN: Document Control Desk U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555-0001 Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Unit 1 Facility Operating License No. NPF-90 NRC Docket No. 50-390

Subject:

Notification of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit Renewal

References:

1.

TVA Letter to NRC, "Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (WBN) Unit 1 -

Notification of National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Renewal," dated December 19, 2006

2.

State of Tennessee, Department of Environment and Conservation Letter to TVA, "NPDES Permit No. TNO020168, TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Spring City, Rhea County, Tennessee," dated June 4, 2010 The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) notified NRC that an application for renewal of National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. TN0020168 for the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant site had been submitted to the state of Tennessee (Reference 1).

The purpose of this letter is to notify NRC that NPDES Permit No. TN0020168 has been renewed. The renewed permit was provided to TVA via Reference 2 (enclosed). The enclosed copy of the renewed permit is being submitted to the NRC in accordance with Section 3.2, "Reporting Requirements for Changes to, and Renewal of, the NPDES Permit or State Certification," of Appendix B, "Environmental Protection Plan," to Facility Operating License No. NPF-90.

There are no regulatory commitments in this letter. If you have any questions, please contact Kevin Casey, Senior Project Manager, at (423) 751-8523.

Respectfully, R. M. Krich cc: Seepage2 c1/2 o) printed on recycled paper

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Page 2 July 6, 2010

Enclosure:

NPDES Permit No. TN0020168, Issuance Date: June 4, 2010 cc (Enclosure):

NRC Regional Administrator - Region II NRC Senior Resident Inspector - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant

Enclosure NPDES Permit No. TN0020168 Issuance Date: June 4, 2010

STATE OF TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION 401 CHURCH STREET L & C ANNEX 6TH FLOOR NASHVILLE TN 37243 June 4, 2010 Mr. Gordon G Park Manager of Environmental Compliance Tennessee Valley Authority 5D Lookout Place 1101 Market Street Chattanooga, TN 37402

Subject:

NPDES Permit No. TN0020168 TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Spring City, Rhea County, Tennessee

Dear Mr. Park:

In accordance with the provisions of the Tennessee Water Quality Control Act, Tennessee Code Annotated (T.C.A.), Sections 69-3-101 through 69-3-120, the Division of Water Pollution Control hereby issues the enclosed NPDES Permit. The continuance and/or reissuance of this NPDES Permit is contingent upon your meeting the conditions and requirements as stated therein.

Please be advised that a petition for permit appeal may be filed, pursuant to T.C.A. Section 69-3-105, subsection (i), by the permit applicant or by any aggrieved person who participated in the public comment period or gave testimony at a formal public hearing whose appeal is based upon any of the issues that were provided to the commissioner in writing during the public comment period or in testimony at a formal public hearing on the permit application. Additionally, for those permits for which the department gives public notice of a draft permit, any permit applicant or aggrieved person may base a permit appeal on any material change to conditions in the final permit from those in the draft, unless the material change has been subject to additional opportunity for public comment.

Any petition for permit appeal under this subsection (i) shall be filed with the board within thirty (30) days after public notice of the commissioner's decision to issue or deny the permit.

If you have questions, please contact the Division of Water Pollution Control at your local Field Office at 1-888-891-TDEC; or, at this office, please contact Ms. Souraya Fathi at (615) 532-0485 or by E-mail at Souraya. Fathi@tn.gov.

Sincerel V0pi' Janjid Manager, Permit Section Division of Water Pollution Control Enclosure cc/ec:

OWPC, Permit Section & Chattanooga Environmental Field Office Ms. Jerd L. Phillips, Environmental Scientist, TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, jlphillips@tva.gov Ms. Betsy M. Eiford-Lee, Chemistry/Environmental Manager, bmeiford-lee @tva.gov Mr. Michael 0. Skaggs, WBN Vice President, TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, mdskaggs@tva.gov Mr. Danin J. Hutchison, Chemistry/Environmental Technical Support Manager, Tennessee Valley Authority, PO Box 2000, Spring City, TN 37381 Ms. Karrme-Jo Robinson Shell, Environmental Engineer, EPA Region 4, shell.karrie-jo@epa.gov Mr. Brian Paddock, Attorney, Save Our Cumberland Mountains (SOCM), bpaddock@twtakes.net Mr. BarryW. Sulkin, Consultant, Southern Environmental Law Center, 4443 Pecan Valley Road, Nashville, TN 37218 Ms. Leslie Nale, Plant Manager, TVA, lwnale@tva.gov

No. TN0020168 Authorization to discharge under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

Issued By Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Division of Water Pollution Control 401 Church Street 6th Floor, L & C Annex Nashville, Tennessee 37243-1534 Under authority of the Tennessee Water Quality Control Act of 1977 (T.C.A. 69-3-101 et sea.) and the delegation of authority from the United States Environmental Protection Agency under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 1251, et seg.)

Discharger:

is authorized to discharge:

from a facility located:

to receiving waters named:

TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant process wastewater, cooling water and storm water runoff from Outfalls 101 and 102, turbine building sump water, alum sludge supernatant, reverse osmosis reject water, drum dewatering water, water purification plant water, and Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (noncontact) from Outfall 113 in Spring City, Rhea County, Tennessee Tennessee River at mile 527.9 (Outfall 101), Tennessee River at mile 527.2 (Ouffall 102), and Tennessee River at mile 529.2 (Outfall 113) in accordance with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements and other conditions set forth herein.

This permit shall become effective on:

This permit shall expire on:

July 1, 2010 December 31, 2011 Issuance date:

June 4, 2010 FO PN'ul E. Davis, Director DiMion of Water Pollution Control CN-0759 RDAs 2352 and 2366

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 TABLE OF CONTENTS Paqe I PART I I

1 A.

EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS...................

1 B.

M O NITO RING PRO CEDURES.......................................................................................

8

1. Representative Sam pling..........................................................................................

8

2. Sampling Frequency....................

!.......................... 9

3. Test Procedures........................................................................................................

9

4. Recording of Results..................................................................................................

9

5. Records Retention......................................................................................................

10 C.

DEFINITIO NS....................................................................................................................

10 D.

REPO RTING.....................................................................................................................

11

1. M onitoring Results...............................................

I.....................................................

11

2. Additional Monitoring by Perm ittee.............................................................................

12

3. Falsifying Results and/or Reports.............................................................................

12

4. O utlier Data....................................................................................................................

12 I PART II 13 A.

G ENERAL PROVISIONS..............................................................................................

13

1. Duty to Reapply........................................................................................................

13

2. Right of Entry................................................................................................

................ 13

3. Availability of Reports..............................................................................................

13

4. Proper Operation and Maintenance...........................................................................

13

5. Treatm ent Facility Failure...........................................................................................

14

6. Property Rights..............................................................................................................

14

7. Severability.....................................................................................................................

14

8. Other Information...................................................................................

14 B.

CHANGES AFFECTING THE PERMIT..................................

14.

1. Planned Changes.......................................................................................................

14

2. Perm it Modification, Revocation, or Term ination........................................................

14

3. Change of Ownership................................................................................................

15

4. Change of Mailing Address.......................................................................................

15 C.

NO NCO MPLIANCE.......................................................................................................

16

1. Effect of Noncompliance...........................................................................................

16

2. Reporting of Noncom pliance......................................................................................

16

3. Overflow 16

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168

4. Upset..............................................................................................................................

17

5. Adverse Impact.........................................................................................................

18

6. Bypass...........................................................................................................................

18

7. W ashout.........................................................................................................................

18 D.

LIABILITIES.......................................................................................................................

19

1. Civil and Criminal Liability.........................................................................................

19

2. Liability Under State Law..................................................................................

............. 19 PART III 19.

A.

TOXIC POLLUTANTS

... 19 B.

REOPENER CLAUSE...................................................................................................

20 C.

PLACEMENT OF SIGNS.............................................................................................

20 D.

ANTIDEGRADATION..................................................................................................

21 E.

BIOMONITORING REQUIREMENTS, CHRONIC..

21 F.

BIOCIDE/CORROSION TREATMENT PLAN...............................................................

24 PART IV 24 STORM W ATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN...........................................................

24 IRATIONALE 1

I.

D IS C H A R G E R.....................................................................................................................

1 II.

PE R M IT STA T U S...........................................................................................................

1 II1.

FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS.................................................

2 IV.

APPLICABLE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES...............................................

5 V.

PREVIOUS PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS.............................

8 VI.

HISTORICAL MONITORING AND INSPECTION...........................................................

8 VII.

NEW PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS....................................

9 VIII.

M ETALS AND TO XICS..............................................................................................

24 IX.

BIOMONITORING REQUIREMENTS, CHRONIC......................................................

30

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 X.

A N T ID EG RA DA T IO N........................................................................................................

32 X I.

PE R M IT D U RAT IO N........................................................................................................

32 APPENDIX 1 33 FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS.......................................................... 33 APPLICABLE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES.......................................................

38 PREVIOUS PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS.................................. 40 HISTORICAL MONITORING DATA.......................................................................................

44 AMBIENT MONITORING DATA...................

• ........................... 51 WATER QUALITY BASED EFFLUENT CALCULATIONS...................................................

52 AMMONIA WATER QUALITY BASED CALCULATIONS.....................................................

54 WATER QUALITY CALCULATIONS FOR PH......................................................................

56 BIOMONITORING DILUTION FACTORS............................................................................

57 COMPARISON OF DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS..................................................................

58 N EW P E R M IT LIM IT S................................................................................................................

61 M R Z...........................................................................................................................................

6 2

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 1 ofX 2,'96

-(,-4o I

PART I I

I I

A.

EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge process wastewater, cooling water and storm water to the Tennessee River (Outfalls 101,102, and 113) associated with nuclear electric power generation as described in the Rationale and permit application.

These discharges and three internal discharge locations (Outfalls 103 and 107) shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as follows.

TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge low volume wastewater, noncontact-cooling water, cooling tower blowdown, boiler blowdown water, storm Water, and other process and nonprocess wastewater as described in the permit Rationale and application.

Outfall 101 discharges through a dual-pipe diffuser to the Tennessee River at mile 527.9.

These discharges shall be limited and monitored as specified below:

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 101 COoling WaWt, St Ion water and Process Wasslowatr EFFLUENT LIIMI"ATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REQUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVO.CON.ic.

AVc.AMw:t CX COKC.

MAX.Mr.

N S

SIU CHARACTERISTIC (i)

(IW&Yd (0)

(Ibty)

FRONCY.

"nP, FLOW Report (MGD)'

Report (MGD)1 Continuous Recorder' C eirflcaton of Instream Flowof J Report as Yes/No I/Month Operation 3,500 C*S Wien required I

Records pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 2/Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOUDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Month Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 1/Month Grab CHROMIUM, TOTAL 0.2 0.2 WAIVED6 Grab ZINCTOTAL 1.0 1.0 2/Month Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL 2.

(rRC) 2.3 0.10 0.10 5/Week Grab TEMPERATURE, Effluent 4 35 0C Continuous Recorder IC25 5 25% hittbition Concentration shall be _>3.3% effluent 2/year Composite There shall be no discharge of PCBe.

I Flow shall be reported in Milian Gallons per Day (MGD). in the meret that the coltinuous flow monitor Is oet ol serice. flow monitorng shall be estimted by intake pimp togs.

2 pH and TRC analyses shall be pertormed within ifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3The aeceptable methods for analysis od TRC are any methods specified in 40 CFR Pan 136.

4 Whei the temperature monitoriNg equipmorent fails, monitoring will be done once per day. Reasonable and timely eort will be made to restore the temtperature recrder to operation as soaw as possible. See PatO it for futther temperature requirement o

See Part tII for methodology.

Monitoring for chromium is waived per 40 CFR 122.44 (aX2)(i). See Rationale for more comments.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 2 of 3 2;q Discharges from Outfall 101 are authorized only during periods when the flow in the receiving stream is at a minimum of 3,500 cubic feet per second (cfs) or greater. Compliance with the minimum in-stream flow requirement of 3,500 cubic feet per second shall be certified monthly with the submission of Discharge Monitoring Reports submitted to the Division for this outfall.

Records concerning the instream flow shall be maintained and available upon request.

TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge low volume wastewater, once through condenser cooling water, noncontact cooling water, boiler blowdown water, storm water, and other process and nonprocess wastewater as described in the permit Rationale and application. Discharge is authorized through Outfall 102 to the Tennessee River at mile 527.2.

These discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 102 Cooing water, Srn~ternaifMNd Pn~cess WgStWatu' EPPLUENT LIMI~ATION~

MONITORINO EFFLUENT ILIIrATIONW PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 102 cOOling walL=r, S*ml*

runoff:and Process Waste'*K*

MONITORING Dr.niliPCIONTC MONTMLY 1

fAIL EFFLUENT AAG.

VGO*c.

Au.T.MT. MAX.CONC.F MXI6R.

MRW.

SADnZ CHARACTERISTIC

(.A).

(i)

(,j94)

ObA&)

FtQNCV.

wPE FLOW Report (MGD)

Report (MGD) 1 1/Day hIstantaneous Certificatdon of Instream Flow of Report as Yes/No 1/Month'5 Rperation 3,00 cts wihen requred Records PH 2 Range 6.0- 9.0 2/Month a Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Monthtt Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 I/Month a Grab CHROMUVTOTAL 2.0 20 WANED' Grab ZINC, TOTAL 1.0 1.0 21Month 6 Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 0.10 0.10

,5Meek Grab2,3 TEMPERATURE, Effluent 35° C 1/Day Grab IC25 4 25% Inrhbition Concentration shall be >3.3% effluent 2/year4 Composite There shall be no discharge of PCBs.

I Flow shal be reported in Million Galons. per Day (MGD).

2 pH and TMC anaiyses shadl be performed wthin ifteen (15) minutes of sample collectlon, The acceptable methods for analysis of TRC ae any methods specified in 40 CFR Part 136, Sampling and analysis required only If discharge is operated 30 days or more during the semi-annual periods Januar through June or* y throug December and if all toxicity testing reqd remnts hae not already been completed for Outfall 101. See Pa Certifcation shtagi be made during any month that a discharge occurs hrom this outnital.

Nt there is discharge during 1 or more days from this outfall, sampling is required to comply with the maximum daly limit,f there are two or more separate days of discharge, or a continuous dscharge during 5 or more consecutihe days from this outfall then one sample is required from that 'batch' discharge in order to report the monthly avergage limit.

' Monitoring for chromium is waJed per 40 CFR 122.44 (aX2Xl). See Ratiorrae for more comments.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 3 of 38+/- 9td 1-,,O Additional monitoring requirements and conditions applicable to Outfall 102 include:

Discharge through Outfall 102 (emergency overflow) is permitted only under emergency situations. This includes times when the diffuser pipe system is isolated as a result of diffuser maintenance and other emergency situations to preserve the integrity of the yard holding pond dikes such as in the event of a catastrophic storm event. All reasonable efforts shall be taken to resume normal discharge through Outfall 101 as soon as possible.

TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge turbine building sump water, alum sludge supernate, R.O. reject water, drum dewatering water, water purification plant water, and storm water through Outfall 103, the Low Volume Waste Pond, an internal monitoring point as described in the Rationale and the permit application. These discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 103 (Intrnal Mortid=ng Polnt LowVolunu Waste Holding Pond EFFLUENT LIITATIONS MONITORING UflNTuiV y nail V DIE*nIDIUINTC EFFLUENT AVCONC. IAVG. AMN.

MAX CONC.

MAX AMNt MSRMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC (M10)

(,bd.y)

(mQ)

(,Nd.)

RQNCY.

FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD)

Corntinous Recorder PH 2 Range 6.0 -9.0 1 /Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (rSS) 30.0 100.0 [

/Month Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 1/Month Grab Flow shall be reported In Million Gallons per Day (MOD).

2 pH analyses shall be perfmed within fifteen (15) minules of sample collection.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 4 of 3e 2

-/O TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge metal cleaning wastewater, turbine building station sump water, diesel generator coolant, intermittent micro-filtered condenser tube cleaning discharges, and storm water through Outfall 107, the Lined and Unlined Ponds, an internal monitoring point as described in the Rationale and permit application. These discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 107 (Intenial Monllt0ng P01111 Melal C leaning waste1aer I.

EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING REOUIREMENTS MONTHLY DAILY EFFLUENT AVG.CONC.

AVG.AMNT.

MAX.CONC.

MALAMNT.

MR

r.

SAMPL-CHARACTERISTIC

(.g4)

I (lb/d4y)

(ag/I)

(Ibt/y)

FRQNCY.

WFIR FLOW Report (MGD)1 Report (MGD) l/Batch1 Calcuated pH 2 Report Report 1/Batch' Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOUDS (TSS) 30.0 30.0 1/Batch Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 15.0 1/Batch Grab COPPERJTOTAL RECOVERABLE 1.0 1.0 1/Batch Grab IRONTOTAL RECOVERABLE 1.0 1.0 I- /Batch Grab PHOSPHORUS,TOTAL s 1.0 1.0 1/Batch Grab SFlow shall be reported In Million Gallons per Day (MGD) bor each batch discharge. If a batch discharge extends for more than a 24-hour period, lfow 2

pH analyses shall be perormed within ieen (15) minutes of sample codlection.

Sampling for phosphorus is reqred only wOen metal cleaning chemicals containing phosphonrs are being used.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 5 of 3e *,C TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is authorized to discharge supplemental condenser cooling water through Outfall 113 to the Tennessee River at mile 529.2 as described in the Rationale and permit application. These discharges shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 113 Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REOUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVG.C. NC.

AVG.AN.I.

.,Rr.

s5NM,3 0

CHARACTERISTIC

(-)

l MFRNCY.

TYP FLOW Report (MGD)'

Report (MGD)'

Continuous Recorder Cerllllcagon of IstrEintl FOwof Report as Yes/No l/Monh Operation 3.500 efs vwen required Records PH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 1,/Morth Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 l/Month Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2

.3.6 0.092 0.158 1/Month Grab DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.)

Report Min.

1/Month Grab TEMPERATURE, Effluent Report Effluent Temperature4 Hourly Recorder 7 TEMPERATURE, Edge 30.5 C Hourly Recorder 7 of Mbdng Zone TEMPERATURE, Rse C

Hoy Calculated7 Upstream to Downstream TEMPERATURE, Rate of Change, 1

Calculated' Cpehur-2 "C/Hour Hourly Cl~td

• C per hour TEMPERATURE, Receiving 33.5 *C Hourly Recorded Stream Bottom IC25s 25% Inhibittion Concentration shall be >8% effluent Semi-annual Composite' Roe shabl be epoledl in IMllon GaJ1ons per Day (MGD).

l pH arid TRC enatysee shaet be pearonned wethin fiteen (15) mnlelne o sample collection.

SThe acceptable methods Its ale0aysis 01 TR a

many methods speciftd in 40 CPA Pan 136.

See text belowr table for req..lments.

See p1rt It o

i, nethodolOgW

• Sampling for MIC shatl be 5/Aeek during pedods when the Supplementel Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) system is in operadon.

'See additional (bulleted) comments in permit. Begins on page 8 of 27.

PERMIT LIMITS FOR OUTFALL 114 TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear supplemental C ondenserC Doling water Inte Screen Backlmh waler 1.) No numerical monltoring limitations are applied to this outtall.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 6 of" Z

Additional limitations, conditions, and monitoring requirements applicable to Outfalls 101, 102, 103, 107, and 113 include:

There shall be no distinctly visible floating scum, oil or other matter contained in the wastewater discharge. The wastewater discharge must not cause an objectionable dolor contrast in the receiving stream.

The wastewater discharge shall not contain pollutants in quantities that will be hazardous or otherwise detrimental to humans, livestock, wildlife, plant life, or fish and aquatic life in the receiving stream.

Sludge or any other material removed by any treatment works must be disposed of in a manner, which prevents its entrance into, or pollution of any surface or subsurface waters.

Additionally, the disposal of such sludge or other material must be in compliance with the Tennessee Solid Waste Disposal Act, TCA 68-31-101 et seq. and the Tennessee Hazardous Waste Management Act, TCA 68-46-101 et seq.

For the purpose of evaluating Total Residual Chlorine/Total Residual Oxidant (TRC/TRO) as required in this permit, analyses shall include any residual bromine with results reported as chlorine, i.e., one test shall be used for situations wherecombinations of chlorine and bromine are used. The permittee shall sample the effluent when chemical additives are used resulting in TRO/TRO pollutants in the discharge as stipulated in the preceeding permit limits tables.

For batch discharges the monitoring and reporting of measurements of FLOW, the uMonthly Avg." shall be the total flow volume during the reporting period divided by the number of calendar days in that period. The "Daily Max." shall be the total flow volume for the day with the greatest amount of discharge during the reporting period. Example: 3 discharges of 15,000 gallons/day and 1 discharge of 20,000 gallons/day during a 1-month period result in a Monthly Avg. of 65,000 gallons/30 days, or 2,166 gallons/day (to be reported as 0.002166 MGD). The Daily Max to be reported for this example is 20,000 gallons/day or 0.020 MGD.

There shall be no discharge of PCB. With regard to PCB sampling, the permittee will have the opportunity to conduct additional tests, as necessary, to establish the existence of any PCBs in the effluent if they exist. The results of these additional tests and any conclusions drawn must be submitted to the Division within fifteen (15) days along with the monthly discharge monitoring report. The Division shall maintain the exclusive determination of the validity of the additional tests and any conclusions to be drawn from them regarding the possibility of matrix interferences, or the need for additional monitoring. The decision of the division in this matter shall be final.

Priority Pollutants contained in chemicals added for cooling tower maintenance except for zinc, shall not be discharged in cooling tower blowdown in amounts that are detectable by analytical methods in 40 CFR Part 136.

The use of water treatment chemicals containing chromium is prohibited under this permit. Chromium monitoring is waived by authority of 40 CFR 122.44 (a)(2)(i), where application sample results demonstrated no Cr pollutant discharged from these outfalls (101 and 102).

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 7 of 3 2.

Discharges are authorized for Outfall 101 only during periods when flow in the receiving stream is at a minimum of 3,500 cubic feet per second. All changes to the flow rate of the SCOW discharge (Outfall 113) shall be done during periods when flow in the receiving waters is at a minimum of 3,500 Cubic feet per second. This includes periods of start-up, shutdown as well as other similar abrupt flow rate changes of the SCCW. When thermally loaded effluent is discharged through Outfall 102, all reasonable efforts shall be made to keep flow to a minimum of 3500 cubic feet per second in the receiving waters. If such flow is absent, the permittee shall verify protection of water quality by taking instream temperature measurements. Compliance with flow requirements for 3,500 cfs flow instream for Ouffalls 101, 102 and 113 discharges shall be certified monthly with the submission of Discharge Monitoring Reports submitted to the Division for these outfalls.

Records concerning the instream flow shall be maintained and available upon request.

The thermal mixing zones for Outfall 113 remain unchanged from the previous permit (see diagram in Appendix 5H). The discharge from Outfall 113 shall be limited and monitored by the permittee as specified below:

In recognition of the dynamic behavior of the thermal effluent in the river, monitoring shall be required for an active mixing zone and a passive mixing zone as described in the permit rationale. The passive mixing zone includes the following dimensions:

(1) a maximum width of from bank to bank in the river, and (2) a maximum length of 1000 feet downstream of the outfall. It has been documented that there is a zone of (cool water) refuge in the bottom layer to allow for fish and other species to pass below the thermal plume. Compliance with the requirements below will be established for the active mixing zone at a maximum length of 2000 feet downstream of the outfall.

Compliance for the passive mixing zone shall be by two instream temperature surveys, one conducted during winter ambient conditions and one during summer ambient conditions. The surveys shall be performed while the SCCW system is thermally loaded with low river flow conditions and shall include temperature profiles at a sufficient number of locations across the downstream edge of the passive mixing zone to locate the effluent plume. The measurements shall be compared with the results from the thermal plume model and shall be summarized in a report to the division semiannually.

• Compliance with TEMPERATURE, Edge of Mixing zone; TEMPERATURE, Rise Upstream to Downstream; and TEMPERATURE, Rate of Change shall be applicable at the edge of the active mixing zone.

" Daily maximum temperatures for the TEMPERATURE, effluent; TEMPERATURE, Edge of Mixing zone; TEMPERATURE, Rise Upstream to Downstream; and TEMPERATURE, Rate of Change shall be determined from 1-hour average values.

The average values shall be calculated every 15 minutes using the current and previous four 15-minute values, thus creating a rolling average.

As demonstrated by monitoring at the edge of the active mixing zone, the maximum temperature shall not exceed 30.50C (except as a result of natural causes), the maximum change in temperature relative to the upstream control point shall not

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 8 of~8Zq exceed 3°C (except as a result of natural causes), and the maximum temperature rate of change shall not exceed 20C per hour (except as a result of natural causes).

" The upstream ambient river temperature (control point) for determining the TEMPERATURE, Rise Upstream to Downstream for the active mixing zone shall be determined by sensors positioned in the discharge from the powerhouse at Watts Bar Dam. The upstream ambient river temperature shall be determined by the first sensor at or below a depth of 5 feet. This monitor shall also be used for ambient river temperatur6 for the passive mixing zone surveys.

" The river temperature for determining the TEMPERATURE, Edge of Mixing Zone and TEMPERATURE, rate-of-change shall be by two floating water temperature stations at the downstream edge of the active mixing zone. One station shall be located near the right-hand shoreline of the river (facing downstream) and one station shall be located near the center of the river. At each station, the water temperature at the 5-foot depth shall be determined as the average of sensors at three depths-3 feet, 5 feet, and 7 feet. The downstream river temperature and temperature rate of change shall be determined by the average temperature of the two floating water temperature stations.

• Compliance with TEMPERATURE, Receiving Stream Bottom shall be applicable at the edge of a square mussel relocation zone located on the bottom of the river at the outfall and having a side dimension not less than 150 feet. The temperature shall be determined by four sensors located along the periphery of the mussel relocation zone.

" The daily maximum value for the TEMPERATURE, Receiving Stream Bottom shall be determined from 15-minute values. The temperature of the 15-minute value shall be determined as the maximum of the four sensors required for the mussel relocation zone. The temperature shall be reported on the Discharge Monitoring Reports as the daily maximum (highest value for a day) and monthly average value (average of all four monitors).

B.

MONITORING PROCEDURES

1. Representative Sampling Samples and measurements taken in compliance with the monitoring requirements specified herein shall be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored discharge, and shall be taken after treatment and prior to mixing with uncontaminated storm water runoff or the receiving stream.

The permittee shall maintain a capability for composite sampling of Outfall 101 discharges. Temporary or mobile equipment may be used for this since the sampling protocal instituted does not utilize standard sample collection equipment to collect the samples. TVA shall ensure sampling protocol conforms to 40 CFR 136 procedures.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 9 of 2.%q

2. Sampling Frequency If there is a discharge from a permitted outfall on any given day during the monitoring period, the permittee must sample and report the results of analyses accordingly, and the permittee should not mark the 'No Discharge' box on the Discharge Monitoring Report form.

3. Test Procedures

a. Test procedures for the analysis of pollutants shall conform to regulations published pursuant to Section 304 (h) of the Clean Water Act (the 'Act"), as amended, under which such procedures may be required.

b.

Unless otherwise noted in the permit, all pollutant parameters shall be determined according to methods prescribed in Title 40, CFR, Part 136, as amended, promulgated pursuant to Section 304 (h) of the Act.

c.

Test Method for E. Coli Because 40 CFR Part 136 does not include test methods for measuring E. coli in effluent matrices, the Division has added a notation on the limits table page requiring the use of the methods either proposed or added by the EPA to Part 136 for measuring E.

coli in ambient waters.

The Division has no basis to believe that the proposed or added methods for ambient waters are inappropriate for treated sanitary wastewater effluent. The Division prefers measurement of the E. coli in treated effluent to the measurement of the ambient E. coli up and downstream of the outfall. Comparison of upstream to downstream ambient monitoring data can fail to conclusively characterize a wastewater effluent. Additionally, meaningful comparison of E. coli in the treated effluent to E. coli in receiving stream should be based on use of the same test method. Analyzing the effluent using ambient test methods characterizes the effluent in terms that shall allow comparison to future data gathered from assessments of ambient pathogens.

4. Recording of Results For each measurement or sample taken pursuant to the requirements of this permit, the permittee shall record the following information:

a. The exact place, date and time of sampling;

b. The exact person(s) collecting samples;

c. The dates and times the analyses were performed;

d. The person(s) or laboratory who performed the analyses;

e. The analytical techniques or methods used, and;

f. The results of all required analyses.

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5. Records Retention All records and information resulting from the monitoring activities required by this permit including all records of analyses performed and calibration and maintenance of instrumentation shall be retained for a minimum of three (3) years, or longer, if requested by the Division of Water Pollution Control.

C.

DEFINITIONS The Daily Maximum Concentration is a limitation on the average concentration, in milligrams per liter (mg/L), of the discharge during any calendar day. When a proportional-to-flow composite sampling device is used, the daily concentration is the concentration of that 24-hour composite; when other sampling means are used, the daily concentration is the arithmetic mean of the concentrations of equal volume samples collected during any calendar day or sampling period.

The Monthly Average Concentration, a limitation on the discharge concentration, in milligrams per liter (mg/L), is the arithmetic mean of all daily concentrations determined in a one-month period. For the purpose of this definition, a frequency of 2/Month is representative of 2 separate daily samples, each sample having been collected on a separate day during the monitoring period.

The Monthly Average Amount, a discharge limitation measured in pounds per day (lb/day), is the total amount of any pollutant in the discharge by weight during a calendar month divided by the number of days in the month that the production or commercial facility was operating.

Where less than daily sampling is required by a permit, the monthly average amount shall be determined by the summation of all the measured daily discharges by weight divided by the number of days during the calendar month when the measurements were made. For the purpose of this definition, a frequency of 2/Month is representative of 2 separate daily samples, each sample having been collected on a separate day during the monitoring period.

The Daily Maximum Amount, is a limitation measured in pounds per day (lb/day), on the total amount of any pollutant in the discharge by weight during any calendar day.

The Instantaneous Concentration is a limitation on the concentration, in milligrams per liter (mg/L), of any pollutant contained in the discharge determined from a grab sample taken at any point in time.

A Composite Sample, for the purposes of this permit, is a sample collected continuously over a period of 24-hours at a rate proportional to the flow. Composite sample should be a combination of at least 8 sample aliquots of at least 100 milliliters, collected at periodic intervals during the operating hours of a facility over a 24-hour period.

A Grab Sample, for the purposes of this permit, is defined as a single effluent sample of at least 100 milliliters (sample volumes <100 milliliters are allowed when specified per standard methods; latest edition) collected at a randomly selected time over a period not exceeding 15 minutes. The sample(s) shall be collected at the period(s) most representative of the total discharge.

For the purpose of this permit, a Calendar Day is defined as any 24-hour period.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 11 of 'W28 For the purpose of this permit, a Quarter is defined as any one of the following three month periods: January 1 through March 31, April 1 through June 30, July 1 through September 30, or October 1 through December 31.

For the purpose of this permit, Semi-annually means the same as "once every six months."

Measurements of the effluent characteristics concentrations may be made anytime during a 6 month period beginning from the issuance date of this permit so long as the second set of measurements for a given 12 month period are made approximately 6 months subsequent to that time, if feasible.

For the purpose of this permit, Annually is defined as a monitoring frequency of once every twelve (12) months beginning with the date of issuance of this permit so long as the following set of measurements for a given 12 month period are made approximately 12 months subsequent to that time.

D.

REPORTING

1. Monitoring Results Monitoring results shall be recorded monthly and submitted monthly using Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) forms supplied by the Division of Water Pollution Control or comparable forms provided by the permittee, and approved by the Division of Water Pollution Control. Submittals shall be postmarked no later than 15 days after the completion of the reporting period. The top two copies of each report are to be submitted. A copy should be retained for the permittee's files. DMRs and any communication regarding compliance with the conditions of this permit must be sent to:

TENNESSEE DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENT & CONSERVATION DIVISION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL COMPLIANCE REVIEW SECTION 401 CHURCH STREET L & C ANNEX 6TH FLOOR NASHVILLE TN 37243-1534 The first DMR is due on the fifteenth of the month following permit effectiveness.

DMRs and any other information or report must be signed and certified by a responsible corporate officer as defined in 40 CFR 122.22, a general partner or proprietor, or a principal municipal executive officer or ranking elected official, or his duly authorized representative.

Such authorization must be submitted in writing and must explain the duties and responsibilities of the authorized representative.

The electronic submission of DMRs shall be accepted only if approved in writing by the division.

For purposes of determining compliance with this permit, data submitted in electronic format is legally equivalent to data submitted on signed and certified DMR forms.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 12 of.36,q 9

7-6"I

2. Additional Monitoring by Permittee If the permittee monitors any pollutant specifically limited by this permit more frequently than required at the location(s) designated, using approved analytical methods as specified herein, the results of such monitoring shall be included in the calculation and reporting of the values required in the DMR form. Such increased frequency shall also be indicated on the form.

3. Falsifying Results and/or Reports Knowingly making any false statement on any report required by this permit or falsifying any result may result in the imposition of criminal penalties as provided for in Section 309 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, and in Section 69-3-115 of the Tennessee Water Quality Control Act.

4: Outlier Data Outlier data include analytical results that are probably false. The validity of results is based on operational knowledge and a properly implemented quality assurance program. False results may include laboratory artifacts, potential sample tampering, broken or suspect sample containers, sample contamination or similar demonstrated quality control flaw.

Outlier data are identified through a properly implemented quality assurance program, and according to ASTM standards (e.g. Grubbs Test, 'h' and 'k' statistics). Furthermore, outliers should be verified, corrected, or removed, based on further inquiries into the matter. If an outlier was verified (through repeated testing and/or analysis), it should remain in the preliminary data set. If an outlier resulted from a transcription or similar clerical error, it should be corrected and subsequently reported.

Therefore, only if an outlier was associated with problems in the collection or analysis of the samples, and as such does not conform with the Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants (40 CFR §136), it can be removed from the data set and not reported on the Discharge Monitoring Report forms (DMRs). Otherwise, all results (including monitoring of pollutants more frequently than required at the location(s) designated, using approved analytical methods as specified in the permit) should be included in the calculation and reporting of the values, required in the DMR form. The permittee is encouraged to use "comment" section of the DMR form (or attach additional pages), in order to explain any potential outliers or dubious results.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 13 of X 2.9 PART 11 A.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. Duty to Reapply Permittee is not authorized to discharge after the expiration date of this permit. In order to receive authorization to discharge beyond the expiration date, the permittee shall submit such information and forms as are required to the Director of Water Pollution Control (the "Director")

no later than 180 days prior to the expiration date. Such applications must be properly signed and certified.

2. Right of Entry The permittee shall allow the Director, the Regional Administrator of the U.S. Environmental.

Protection Agency, or their authorized representatives, upon the presentation of credentials:

a.

To enter upon the permittee's premises where an effluent source is located or where records are required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit, and at reasonable times to copy these records;

b.

To inspect at reasonable times any monitoring equipment or method or any collection, treatment, pollution management, or discharge facilities required under this permit; and

c.

To sample at reasonable times any discharge of pollutants.

3. Availability of Reports Except for data determined to be confidential under Section 308 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, all reports prepared in accordance with the terms of this permit shall be available for public inspection at the offices of the Division of Water Pollution Control. As required by the Federal Act, effluent data shall not be considered confidential.

4. Proper Operation and Maintenance

a.

The permittee shall at all times properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems (and related appurtenances) for collection and treatment which are installed or used by the permittee to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance also includes adequate laboratory and process controls and appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems, which are installed by a permittee only when the operation is necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of the permit. Backup continuous pH and flow monitoring equipment are not required.

b.

Dilution water shall not be added to comply with effluent requirements to achieve BCT, BPT, BAT and or other technology-based effluent limitations such as those in State of Tennessee Rule 1200-4-5-.03.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 14 of W.Z

5. Treatment Facility Failure The permittee, in order to maintain compliance with this permit, shall control production, all discharges, or both, upon reduction, loss, or failure of the treatment facility, until the facility is restored or an alternative method of treatment is provided. This requirement applies in such situations as the reduction, loss, or failure of the primary source of power.

6. Property Rights The issuance of this permit does not convey any property rights In either real or personal property, or any exclusive privileges, nor does it authorize any injury to private property or any invasion of personal rights, nor any infringement of Federal, State, or local laws or regulations.

7. Severability The provisions of this permit are severable. If any provision of this permit due to any circumstance, is held invalid, then the application of such provision to other circumstances and to the remainder of this permit shall not be affected thereby.

8. Other Information If the permittee becomes aware that he failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application, or submitted incorrect Information in a permit application or in any report to the Director, then he shall promptly submit such facts or information.

B.

CHANGES AFFECTING THE PERMIT

1. Planned Changes The permittee shall give notice to the Director as soon as possible of any planned physical alterations or additions to the permitted facility. Notice is required only when:

a.

The alteration or addition to a permitted facility may meet one of the criteria for determining whether a facility is a new source in 40 CFR 122.29(b); or

b.

The alteration or addition could significantly change the nature or increase the quantity of pollutants discharged. This notification applies to pollutants which are subject neither to effluent limitations in the permit, nor to notification requirements under 40 CFR 122.42(a)(1).

2. Permit Modification, Revocation, or Termination

a. This permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause as described in 40 CFR 122.62 and 122.64, Federal Register, Volume 49, No. 188 (Wednesday, September 26, 1984), as amended.

b.

The permittee shall furnish to the Director, within a reasonable time, any information which the Director may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this permit, or to determine compliance

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 15 of 0 z 9 with this permit. The permittee shall also furnish to the Director, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this permit.

C.

If any applicable effluent standard or prohibition (including any schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition) is established for any toxic pollutant under Section 307(a) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended, the Director shall modify or revoke and reissue the permit to conform to the prohibition or to the effluent standard, providing that the effluent standard is more stringent than the limitation in the permit on the toxic pollutant. The permittee shall comply with these effluent standards or prohibitions within the time provided in the regulations that establish these standards or prohibitions, even if the permit has not yet been modified or revoked and reissued to incorporate the requirement.

d.

The filing of a request by the permittee for a modification, revocation, reissuance, termination, or notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not halt any permit condition.

3. Change of Ownership This permit may be transferred to another party (provided there are neither modifications to the facility or its operations, nor any other changes which might affect the permit limits and conditions contained in the permit) by the permittee if:

a.

The permittee notifies the Director of the proposed transfer at least 30 days in advance of the proposed transfer date;

b.

The notice includes a written agreement between the existing and new permittee's containing a specified date for transfer of permit responsibility, coverage, and liability between them; and

c.

The Director, within 30 days, does not notify the current permittee and the new permittee of his intent to modify, revoke or reissue, or terminate the permit and to require that a new application be filed rather than agreeing to the transfer of the permit.

Pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 122.61, concerning transfer of ownership, the permittee must provide the following information to the division in their formal notice of intent to transfer ownership: 1) the NPDES permit number of the subject permit; 2) the effective date of the proposed transfer; 3) the name and address of the transferor; 4) the name and address of the transferee; 5) the names of the responsible parties for both the transferor and transferee; 6) a statement that the transferee assumes responsibility for the subject NPDES permit; 7) a statement that the transferor relinquishes responsibility for the subject NPDES permit; 8) the signatures of the responsible parties for both the transferor and transferee pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 122.22(a), "Signatories to permit applications"; and, 9) a statement regarding any proposed modifications to the facility, it's operations, or any other changes which might.affect the permit limits and conditions contained in the permit.

4. Change of Mailing Address The permittee shall promptly provide to the Director written notice of any change of mailing address. In the absence of such notice the original address of the permittee shall be assumed to be correct.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 16 of

• Z9 C.

NONCOMPLIANCE

1. Effect of Noncompliance All discharges shall be consistent with the terms and conditions of this permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of applicable State and Federal laws and is grounds for enforcement action, permit termination, permit modification, or denial of permit reissuance.

2. Reporting of Noncompliance

a.

24-Hour Reporting In the case of any noncompliance which could cause a threat to public drinking supplies, or any other discharge which could constitute a threat to human health or the environment, the required notice of non-compliance shall be provided to the Division of Water Pollution Control in the appropriate Environmental Assistance Center within 24-hours from the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances. (The Environmental Assistance Center should be contacted for names and phone numbers of environmental response personnel).

A written submission must be provided within five days of the time the permittee becomes aware of the circumstances unless this requirement is waived by the Director on a case-by-case basis. The permittee shall provide the Director with the following information:

I.

A description of the discharge and cause of noncompliance; Ii.

The period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times or, if not corrected, the anticipated time the noncompliance is expected to continue; and iii.

The steps being taken to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncomplying discharge.

b.

Scheduled Reporting For instances of noncompliance, which are not reported under subparagraph 2.a.

above, the permittee shall report the noncompliance on the Discharge Monitoring Report. The report shall contain all information concerning the steps taken, or planned, to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the violation and the anticipated time the violation is expected to continue.

3. Overflow

a. "Overflow," means the discharge to land or water of wastes from any portion of the collection, transmission, or treatment system other than through permitted outfalls.

b.

Overflows are prohibited.

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 17 of WtZ9go7-

c. The permittee shall operate the collection system so as to avoid overflows. No new or additional flows shall be added upstream of any point in the collection system, which experiences chronic overflows (greater than 5 events per year) or would otherwise overload any portion of the system.

d. Unless there is specific enforcement action to the contrary, the permittee is relieved of this requirement after: 1) an authorized representative of the Commissioner of the Department of Environment and Conservation has approved an engineering report and construction plans and specifications prepared in accordance with accepted engineering practices for correction of the problem; 2) the correction work is underway; and 3) the cumulative, peak-design, flows potentially added from new connections and line extensions upstream of any chronic overflow point are less than or proportional to the amount of inflow and infiltration removal documented upstream of that point. The inflow and infiltration reduction must be measured by the permittee using practices that are customary in the environmental engineering field and reported in an attachment to a Monthly Operating Report submitted to the local TDEC Environmental Assistance Center. The data measurement period shall be sufficient to account for seasonal rainfall patterns and seasonal groundwater table elevations.

e. In the event that more than five (5) overflows have occurred from a single point in the collection system for reasons that may not warrant the self-imposed moratorium or completion of the actions identified in this paragraph, the permittee may request a meeting with the Division of Water Pollution Control EAC staff to petition for a waiver based on mitigating evidence.

4. Upset

a.

"Upset," means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance with technology-based effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the permittee. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or improper operation.

b.

An upset shall constitute an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with such technology-based permit effluent limitations if the permittee demonstrates, through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that:

i.

An upset occurred and that the permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset; ii.

The permitted facility was at the time being operated in a prudent and workman-like manner and in compliance with proper operation and maintenance procedures; iii.

The permittee submitted information required under "Reporting of Noncompliance" within 24-hours of becoming aware of the upset (if this information is provided orally, a written submission must be provided within five days); and

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 18 of X 2 9 Iv.

The permittee complied with any remedial measures required under "Adverse Impact."

5. Adverse Impact The permittee shall take all reasonable steps to minimize any adverse impact to the waters of Tennessee resulting from noncompliance with this permit, including such accelerated or additional monitoring as necessary to determine the nature and impact of the noncomplying discharge. It shall not be a defense for the permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit.

6. Bypass

a. "Bypass" is the intentional diversion of wastewater away from any portion of a treatment facility. "Severe property damage" means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities, which would cause them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources, which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production.

b.

Bypasses are prohibited unless the following 3 conditions are met:

L.

The bypass is unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage; ii.

There are not feasible alternatives to bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if adequate back-up equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass, which occurred during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventative maintenance; iii.

The permittee submits notice of an unanticipated bypass to the Division of Water Pollution Control in the appropriate environmental assistance center within 24-hours of becoming aware of the bypass (if this information is provided orally, a written submission must be provided within five days). When the need for the bypass is foreseeable, prior notification shall be submitted to the Director, if possible, at least 10 days before the date of the bypass.

c.

Bypasses not exceeding limitations are allowed only if the bypass is necessary for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation. All other bypasses are prohibited. Allowable bypasses not exceeding limitations are not subject to the reporting requirements of 6.b.iii, above.

7. Washout

a. For domestic wastewater plants only, a "washout" shall be defined as loss of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) of 30.00% or more. This refers to the MLSS in the

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant.

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 19 of 36 9 90.2 74-0 aeration basin(s) only. This does not include MLSS decrease due to solids wasting to the sludge disposal system. A washout can be caused by improper operation or from peak flows due to infiltration and inflow.

b. A washout is prohibited. If a washout occurs, the permittee must report the incident to the Division of Water Pollution Control in the appropriate Environmental Assistance Center within 24-hours by telephone. A written submission must be provided within 5 days. The washout must be noted on the discharge monitoring report. Each day of a washout is a separate violation.

D.

LIABILITIES

1. Civil and Criminal Liability Except as provided in permit conditions for "Bypassing," "Overflow," and "Upset," nothing in this permit shall be construed to relieve the permittee from civil or criminal penalties for noncompliance. Notwithstanding this permit, the permittee shall remain liable for any damages sustained by the State of Tennessee, including but not limited to fish kills and losses of aquatic life and/or wildlife, as a result of the discharge of wastewater to any surface or subsurface waters. Additionally, notwithstanding this Permit, it shall be the responsibility of the permittee to conduct its wastewater treatment and/or discharge activities in a manner such that public or private nuisances or health hazards shall not be created.

2. Liability Under State Law Nothing in this permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the permittee from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties established pursuant to any applicable State law or the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.

I PART III I

OTHER REQUIREMENTS A.

TOXIC POLLUTANTS The permittee shall notify the Division of Water Pollution Control as soon as it knows or has reason to believe:

1. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in the discharge on a routine or frequent basis, of any toxic substance(s) (listed at 40 CFR 122, Appendix D, Table II and Ill) which is not limited in the permit, if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following "notification levels':

a.

One hundred micrograms per liter (100 ug/I);

WVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 20 of.,Wz

b. Two hundred micrograms per liter (200 ug/) for acrolein and acrylonitrile; five hundred micrograms per liter (500 ug/I) for 2,4-dinitrophenol and for 2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol; and one milligram per liter (1 mg/L) for antimony;

c. Five (5) times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant(s) in the permit application in accordance with 122.21(g)(7); or

d.

The level established by the Director in accordance with 122.44(f).

2. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in any discharge, on a non-routine or infrequent basis, of a toxic pollutant which is not limited in the permit, if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following "notification levels":

a.

Five hundred micrograms per liter (500 ug/I);

b.

One milligram per liter (1 mg/L) for antimony;

c.

Ten (10) times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant in the permit application in accordance with 122.21(g)(7); or

d.

The level established by the Director in accordance with 122.44(f).

B.

REOPENER CLAUSE If an applicable standard or limitation is promulgated under Sections 301 (b)(2)(C) and (D),

304(B)(2), and 307(a)(2) and that effluent standard or limitation is more stringent than any effluent limitation in the permit or controls a pollutant not limited in the permit, the permit shall be promptly modified or revoked and reissued to conform to that effluent standard or limitation.

C.

PLACEMENT OF SIGNS Within sixty (60) days of the effective date of this permit, the permittee shall place and maintain a sign at each outfall and any bypass/overflow point in the collection system. For the purposes of this requirement, any bypass/overflow point that has discharged five (5) or more times in the last year must be so posted. The sign(s) should be clearly visible to the public from the bank and the receiving stream or from the nearest public property/right-of-way, if applicable. The minimum sign size should be two feet by two feet (2' x 2') with one-inch (1") letters. The sign should be made of durable material and have a white background with black letters.

The sign(s) are to provide notice to the public as to the nature of the discharge and, in the case of the permitted outfalls, that the discharge is regulated by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Water Pollution Control. The following is given as an example of the minimal amount of information that must be included on the sign:

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 21 of6Zq 4 0 TREATED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER and STORM WATER RUNOFF

/

TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Permittee's Phone Number)

NPDES Permit NO. TN0020168 TENNESSEE DIVISION OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL 1-888-891-8332 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSISTANCE CENTER - CHATTANOOGA D.

ANTIDEGRADATION Pursuant to the Rules of the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Chapter 1200-4-3-.06, titled "Tennessee Antidegradation Statement," and in consideration of the Department's directive in attaining the greatest degree of effluent reduction achievable in municipal, industrial, and other wastes, the permittee shall further be required, pursuant to the terms and conditions of this permit, to comply with the effluent limitations and schedules of compliance required to implement applicable water quality standards, to comply with a State Water Quality Plan or other State or Federal laws or regulations, or where practicable, to comply with a standard permitting no discharge of pollutants.

E.

BIOMONITORING REQUIREMENTS, CHRONIC The permittee shall conduct a 3-Brood Ceriodaphnia dubia Survival and Reproduction Test and a 7-Day Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Larval Survival and Growth Test on the same samples of final effluent from Outfalls 101,102, and 113.

The measured endpoint for toxicity shall be the inhibition concentration causing 25% reduction (IC25) in survival, reproduction, or growth of the test organisms. The IC25 shall be determined based on a 25% reduction as compared to the controls. The average reproduction and growth responses shall be determined based on the number of Ceriodaphnia dubia or Pimephales promelas larvae used to initiate the test. A separate statistical analysis based on survival information is not required.

Test shall be conducted and its results reported based on appropriate replicates of a total of five serial dilutions and a control, using the percent effluent dilutions as presented in the following table:

Outfalls 101 & 102 Serial Dilutions for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing 4 X PL 2 X PL Permit Limit 0.50 X PL 0.25 X PL Control (PL)

% effluent 13.2 6.6 3.3 1.7 0.83 0

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 22 of 2 0 Outfall 113 Serial Dilutions for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing 4(XPPL 2XPL Limi 0.50 X PL 0.25 X PL Control

% effluent 32 16 8

4 2

0 The dilution/control water used shall be a moderately hard water as described in Short-Term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Water to Freshwater Organisms, EPA-821-R-02-013 (or the most current edition). Results from a chronic standard reference toxicant quality assurance test for each species tested shall be submitted with the discharge monitoring report. Reference toxicant tests shall be conducted as required in EPA-821-R-02-013 (or the most current edition). Additionally, the analysis of this multi-concentration test shall include review of the concentration-response relationship to ensure that calculated test results are interpreted appropriately.

Toxicity will be demonstrated if the IC25 is less than the permit limit indicated for each outfall in the above table(s). Toxicity demonstrated by the tests specified herein constitutes a violation of this permit.

However, if raw water intake samples (tested concurrently with the effluent samples) are shown to be toxic enough to represent a test failure (100 percent samples statistically less than controls using t-tests and minnow growth or daphnid reproduction is 25 percent less than controls) and if effluent toxicity is not statistically greater than calculated intake toxicity, the effluent toxicity test in question will be considered invalid. In the event these two above described conditions occur, the toxicity test shall be repeated according to the schedule requirements for test failure. Effluent toxicity that is not consistent with the intake toxicity conditions specified above constitutes a violation of this permit.

If pathogens are demonstrated to be the source of toxicity to Pimephales promelas in the intake water, the permittee may be allowed to treat effluent samples for toxicity testing on Pimephales promelas with UV radiation only in accordance with prior written approval from the Division.

All tests will be conducted using a minimum of three 24-hour flow-proportionate composite samples of final effluent (e.g., collected on days 1, 3 and 5). If, in any control more than 20% of the test organisms die in 7 days, the test (control and effluent) is considered invalid and the test shall be repeated within 30 days of the date the initial test is invalidated..Furthermore, if the results do not meet the acceptability criteria of section 4.9.1, EPA-821-R-02-013 (or the most current edition), or if the required concentration-response review fails to yield a valid relationship per guidance contained in Method Guidance and Recommendations for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing, EPA-821-B-00-004 (or the most current edition), that test shall be repeated. Any test initiated but terminated before completion must also be reported along with a complete explanation for the termination.

The'toxicity tests specified herein shall be conducted semi-annually (2/Year) for Outfalls 101, 102, and 113 and begin no later than 90 days from the effective date of this permit.

In the event of a test failure, the permittee must start a follow-up test within 2 weeks and submit results from a follow-up test within 30 days from obtaining initial WET testing results.

The follow-up test must be conducted using the same serial dilutions as presented in the

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 23 of,6 29 corresponding table(s) above. The follow-up test will not negate an initial failed test. In addition, the failure of a follow-up test will constitute a separate permit violation, which must also be reported.

In the event of 2 consecutive test failures or 3 test failures within a 12 month period for the same outfall, the permittee must initiate a Toxicity Identification Evaluation/Toxicity Reduction Evaluation (TIE/TRE) study within 30 days and so notify the Division by letter. This notification shall include a schedule of activities for the initial investigation of that outfall. During the term of the TIE/TRE study, the frequency of blomonitoring shall be once every three months.

Additionally, the permittee shall submit progress reports once every three months throughout the term of the TIE/TRE study. The toxicity must be reduced to allowable limits for that outfall within 2 years of initiation of the TIE/TRE study. Subsequent to the results obtained from the TIE/TRE studies, the permittee may request an extension of the TIE/TRE study period if necessary to conduct further analyses. The final determination of any extension period will be made at the discretion of the Division.

The TIE/TRE study may be terminated at any time upon the completion and submission of 2 consecutive tests (for the same outfall) demonstrating compliance. Following the completion of TIE/TRE study, the frequency of monitoring will return to a regular schedule, as defined previously in this section as well in Part I of the permit. During the course of the TIE/TRE study, the permittee will continue to conduct toxicity testing of the outfall being investigated at the frequency of once every three months but will not be required to perform follow-up tests for that outfall during the period of TIE/TRE study.

Test procedures, quality assurance practices, determinations of effluent survival/reproduction and survival/growth values, and report formats will be made in accordance with Short-Term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Water to Freshwater Organisms, EPA-821-R-02-013, or the most current edition.

Results of all tests, reference toxicant information, copies of raw data sheets, statistical analysis and chemical analyses shall be compiled in a report. The report will be written in accordance with Short-Term Methods for Estimating -the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Water to Freshwater Organisms, EPA-821-R-02-013, or the most current edition.

Two copies of biomonitoring reports (including follow-up reports) shall be submitted to the division. One copy of the-report shall be submitted along with the discharge monitoring report (DMR). The second copy shall be submitted to the local Division of Water Pollution Control office address:

Environmental Assistance Center-Chattanooga Division of Water Pollution Control 540 McCallie Avenue, Suite 550 Chattanooga, TN 37402-2013

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 24 of 6 2.9 F.

BIOCIDE/CORROSION TREATMENT PLAN The permittee shall not conduct treatments of intake or process waters under this permit using biocides, dispersants, surfactants, corrosion inhibiting chemicals, or detoxification chemicals except under the written plan which has been given prior approval by the Division of Water Pollution Control and in accordance with conditions specified in that approval.

I.

PART IV I

STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN Storm water runoff associated with industrial activity that is not discharged to the receiving stream through Outfalls 101 and 102 are currently authorized under the Tennessee Storm Water Multi-Sector General permit for Industrial Activities (TMSP), Permit Number TNR051343. The TMSP requires development, implementation, and routine evaluation and updating of a storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP). The permittee shall ensure that the appropriate pollution prevention measures are identified in the SWPPP to also minimize the discharge of pollutants in storm water or from ancillary activities via Outfall 101 and 102. Any necessary plan modifications shall be completed in accordance with the schedules set forth in the TMSP.

The discharger will develop, document and maintain a storm water pollution prevention plan (SWPPP) pursuant to the requirements as set forth in the Tennessee Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities, Sector 0, "Storm Water Discharges Associated With Industrial Activity From Steam Electric Power Generating Facilities", Part 3, "Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Requirements." The plan shall be signed by either a principal executive officer of a corporation, the owner or proprietor of a sole proprietorship, or a partner or general partner of a partnership.

SEF TN0020168.DOC

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 25 of.3ff19 ADDENDUM TO RATIONALE TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant PERMIT NO. TN0020168 June 4, 2010 Addendum prepared by: Ms. Souraya Fathi

1. Recent administrative history TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (TVA-WB) submitted NPDES application for renewal of its individual permit on June 16, 2006. Additional sampling data was submitted April 27, 2009.

The Division of Water Pollution Control (the division) placed a draft permit on public notice and transmitted the draft permit to applicant on August 24, 2009.

The division held a public hearing regarding the NPDES draft permit on December 10, 2009. Public comment period expired on December 21, 2009. However, it was extended to January 15, 2010, due to the holidays and to accommodate interested parties that requested more time to submit draft permit comments.

II. Comments and responses on the draft permit

1. The permittee requested for internal monitoring points IMP 111 and OSN 112 to be deleted from the reissued permit and for all references to IMP 111 and OSN 112 be removed, as these point sources have been eliminated. The permittee also requested coverage for SW-11 (formerly OSN 112) be issued simultaneously under a TMSP Notice of Coverage.

Response

Upon consultation with the division's Environmental Field Office staff, we concur that both IMPs (111 and 112) can be removed from the final permit. However,.the Rationale will remain unchanged from when it went on Public Notice on August 24, 2009.

2. The permittee requested that statement "and intermittent micro-filtered condenser tube cleaning discharges" be added to the introductory paragraph for IMP 107.

Response

The above statement will be added to the introductory paragraph for IMP 107 in the final permit.

3. The requirement to submit a monitoring report for 316(b) should be removed as the previous 316(b) rule has been remanded by the court. The only current 316(b) condition is that best technology available determinations shall be based on best professional judgment.

It is expected that the 316(b) rule will be reissued at some point in the near future, but

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 26 of 3 29 VCB 7-(

J there is no guarantee as to the contents or the timeframe of its issuance. This report may be therefore rendered completely unnecessary based on the reissued 316(b) regulations.

Response

Rule 316(b) and a corresponding monitoring report have indeed been remanded by the court.

Therefore, requirement to submit the report has been removed in the final permit.

4. Other typographical errors and missing information needed to be corrected or added to the permit as detailed in the comment letter submitted on September 23, 2009.

Response

All typographical errors and missing information mentioned in the September 23, 2009 letter have been corrected or added in the final permit.

5. This permit fails to address effects of WBN on ichthyoplankton, adult fish and mussels.

Response

The proposed NPDES permit is protective of designated uses of the receiving stream. This is accomplished by imposing limitations, restrictions and requirements necessary to achieve compliance with applicable water quality criteria. Protection of designated uses and corresponding criteria ensures protection for all fish and aquatic life, including larval and juvenile stages of life. In the Baxter, D. S., K. D. Gardner, and G. D. Hickman. 2001. Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water System Fish Monitoring Program. Norris: Tennessee Valley Authority, Resource Stewardship, a 2001 fish monitoring program for the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) was concluded that no significant impact to ichthyoplankton populations from WBN SCCW operation would occur. Entrainment rates indicate the operation of WBN Unit 1 would have little or no effect on larval fish and egg populations in Chickamauga Reservoir because the WBN condenser cooling water system (CCW) is commensurate with a closed cycle cooling system. In addition, presence of balanced population of fish species in the receiving stream confirms ichthyoplankton is not adversely affected by the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant operations. In addition, a chronic whole effluent toxicity (WET) testing for inhibition concentration, 25% is required at Outfalls 101, 102 and 113. The frequency of WET testing is 2/year.

6. Flow limits should be imposed at Outfall 113.

Response

When in operation, the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) system at Watts Bar Nuclear Plant releases approximately 130 MGD of flow into the river at a location about 0.7 miles downstream of Watts Bar Dam. The current NPDES permit requires (Page 8 of 27) a minimum flow from Watts Bar Dam of 3500 cubic feet per second when significant changes are made to the SCCW flow (Outfall 113), including start-up, shut-down or other similar alterations. There is no need to

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 27 of.

jZq maintain a continuous flow from Watts Bar Dam during steady-state operation of the SCCW system.

TVA has adequately demonstrated the existence of zones of passage during periods of no flow and during periods of flow from Watts Bar Hydro and non-detrimental effects to fish and aquatic life for operation of the SCCW.

Furthermore, TVA operates Watts Bar Dam as part of a larger integrated river system. To effectively fulfill the multipurpose objectives of the river system, the flow at Watts Bar Dam at times needs to be reduced to conserve water for future needs, such as for power production, water supply, or water quality. Requiring a continuous flow from Watts Bar Dam in support of steady-state operation of the SCCW system would limit TVA's ability to optimize reservoir releases in support of these and other similar stakeholder commitments embedded in the current river operations policy.

7. Proposed thermal limits are not adequate to protect aquatic organisms: Temperature limits for Outfall 113 are too high; Monitoring requirements for Outfall 113 are inadequate.

Response

TVA is required to provide a release of at least 3500 cfs from Watts Bar Dam to support the operation of Outfalls 101, 102, and 113. The current NPDES permit also requires monitoring of bottom temperature at Outfall 113. If bottom temperature encroaches on the NPDES limit (33.5°C),

the SCCW system would be removed from service. The monthly discharge monitoring report (DMR) summary for Outfall 113 indicates that the temperature receiving stream bottom data was well below the permitted limit of 33.5°C. The maximum temperature recorded was 29.20'C on August 31, 2006, and in 2007 drought conditions, temperature was also well below the permit limit. Also, refer to response to comment number 4.

8. The NPDES permit does not adequately analyze or control chemical discharges: The draft permit and rationale lack necessary information regarding impacts of chemical effluents; Failure to evaluate effects'of biocides.

Response

Proposed chemical additives and their respective toxicological data are presented to the state for approval prior to plant use in the facility's Biocide and Corrosion Treatment Plan (B/CTP) required by the WBN Unit NPDES permit. To ensure the water quality criteria in the receiving stream is maintained, the state reviews the chemical usage request and evaluates the reasonable potential environmental impacts of a specific chemical discharge to determine the plant NPDES permit monitoring requirements and discharge limits. Upon start of operation in May 1996, WBN was issued NPDES permit number TNO020168. WBN is authorized to discharge process and non-process wastewater, cooling water and storm water runoff from Outfall 101 and Outfall 102 turbine building sump water, alum sludge supemate, reverse osmosis reject water, drum dewatering water, water purification plant water, and storm water runoff from internal monitoring point (IMP) 103; metal cleaning wastewater, turbine building station sump water, diesel generator coolant, and storm water through IMP 107; treated sanitary wastewater through IMP 111; HVAC cooling water, storm water, and fire protection wastewater through Outfall 112; and SCCW from Outfall 113 to the Tennessee River. In addition to revisions to the B/CTP, the potential sources of chemicals and chemical

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page 28 of Z9 710 quantities are reviewed and updated in connection with the application for NPDES Permit renewal.

Compliance with the State Water Quality criteria is also confirmed by routine semi-annual Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) testing at Outfall 101, Outfall 112, and Outfall 113. Also, refer to responses to comments number 4 and 6.

9. The NPDES Permit should include effluent limitations for tritium. In addition, there may be tritium and other radionuclides leaking into surrounding soil and groundwater.

Consequently, there should be sampling for radionuclides around this and other nuclear sites in Tennessee.

Response

Effluent discharges authorized through an NPDES program can not cause condition of pollution, nor a discharge of toxics in toxic amounts can be authorized. Any substance, including radioactive materials, is of interest to our agency if it has reasonable potential to exceed applicable water quality criteria. However, radioactive releases to the environment, notwithstanding point source discharges authorized via this permit, are not regulated under the Clean Water Act, but are instead regulated under the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) by issuance of an Operating License. Pertinent regulations are found under 10 CFR Part 20 and 10 CFR Part 50. Watts Bar Nuclear effluents that may contain radioactive material are not addressed as part of the NPDES permitting process. TVA's releases of tritium to the environment from Watts Bar operations have been and continue to be well within the NRC's regulatory limits and the terms of Watts Bar's Operating License.

As a nuclear powered generating station licensed to operate by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), any and all of the liquid and gaseous effluents from Watts Bar that may contain radioactive material are subject to and regulated by the NRC. Therefore, radioactive releases from the operation of nuclear plants are outside the scope of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program implemented under the Clean Water Act. Specifically, the controls and limits for the release of radioactive material are established and regulated under the terms of 10 CFR Part 20, "Standards for Protection Against Radiation" and 10 CFR Part 50, "Domestic Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities," and any such releases to the environment are controlled and monitored under the terms of the Watts Bar Operating License. Watts Bar-related liquid and gaseous effluents that may contain radioactive material are not addressed as part of the NPDES permitting process.

TVA has coordinated its NRC license-related activities with TDEC's Division of Radiological Health (DRH) and this includes the Tritium Project-related activities at Watts Bar. This coordination is not connected with the NPDES permitting process.

A copy of TVA's License Amendment Request, dated August 20, 2001, was sent to DRH, describing TVA's plan to insert Tritium Producing Burnable Absorber Rods (TPBARs) into the Watts Bar Unit 1 reactor core to support the U.S. Department of Energy's program for maintaining the nation's tritium inventory.

Prior to each fuel cycle, TVA calculates the expected tritium release from TPBARs in establishing the number of TPBARs to be irradiated. This action assures that the annual limits and operating objective, as established in Watts Bar's Operating License, are not exceeded. TVA's letter of March 22, 2005, to the NRC discussed higher than expected tritium permeation from the TPBARs into the reactor coolant system during the first operational irradiation cycle, and committed to monitor such

TVA-Watts-Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page 29 of ;

,62_9 levels to assure that cumulative tritium levels resulting from the TPBARs as well as non-TPBAR sources due to plant operations remained below established limits. To do so, TVA has limited the number of TPBARs so that the total tritium released remains below already approved regulatory limits.

TVA's releases of tritium to the environment from Watts Bar operations have been and continue to be well within the NRC's regulatory limits and the terms of Watts Bar's Operating License. This has been the case before and subsequent to the implementation of the Tritium Project.

10. TDEC should establish a procedural mechanism for reviewing the NPDES Permit before Watts Bar Unit 2 begins operation.

Response

If operation of Watts Bar Unit 2 commences in the future, and if operation has material effect on point source discharges authorized by this permit, we expect for TVA to submit an application for permit modification. The application would be expected at least 180 days prior to the proposed discharge commences. This NPDES permit reflects only activities, processes and wastewater streams described in the NPDES application. Therefore, this permit does not authorize any future discharges from Unit 2, or any other unit operations at the facility not described in the current application.

SEF Permit Addendum TN0020168.DOC

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-1 of R-67 I

RATIONALE I

TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant NPDES PERMIT NO. TN0020168 Spring City, Rhea County, Tennessee Permit Writers: Ms. Souraya Fathi I.

DISCHARGER TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Hwy 68 Nuclear Plant Road Spring City, Rhea County, Tennessee Official Contact Person:

Mr. Robert J. Crawford Environmental Supervisor (423) 365-8005 Nature of Business: Electric Services SIC Code(s): 4911 Industrial Classification:

Primary Discharger Rating:

Major II.

PERMIT STATUS Expired: November 4, 2006 Application for renewal received July 13, 2006 Proposed Draft Permit Public Noticed: August 24, 2009 Watershed Scheduling Environmental Assistance Center: Chattanooga Primary Longitude:

-84.785833 Primary Latitude: 35.593333 Hydrocode: 6020001 Watershed Group: 1 Watershed Identification: Tennessee River (Meigs & Rhea County)

Target Reissuance Year: 2011

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-2 of R-67 III.

FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant discharges cooling water, storm water and other treated wastewaters to the Tennessee River ( Chickamauga Reservoir) just downstream of Watts Bar Dam. The facility also discharges treated sanitary wastewater, storm water and other treated wastewaters to the Yellow Creek embayment of Chickamauga Reservoir. Appendix 1 summarizes facility discharges and the receiving stream information for seven outfalls, numbered 101, 102, 103, 107, 111, 112, and 113. There are four (4) main outfalls (Nos.

101,102, 112, and 113) which discharge directly to waters of the state. Three (3) other outfalls (Nos. 103, 107, and 111) are internal discharges that contribute to the main outfalls, and outfalls 101 and 102 also provide stormwater runoff relief. New to this permit is Outfall 114, which is designated as the supplemental condenser cooling water (SCCW) traveling screen backwash outfall. Each of the eight (8) outf ails is discussed in more detail as follows:

Outfall 101 Outfall 101 receives wastewater from two primary sources, the Cooling Tower Blowdown Line (24.048 MGD) and the Yard Holding Pond (1.142 MGD). The Watts Bar Nuclear facility utilizes natural draft cooling towers, which recirculate cooling water. In order to control build up of dissolved solids, a portion of the recirculated water must be discharged, i.e., cooling tower blowdown. Cooling tower blowdown, at 24.048 MGD, represents the majority of the flow through the Cooling Tower Blowdown Line (due to the nature of the plant operation, this line may also contain once through cooling water from the supplemental condenser cooling water system). The remaining portion (as seen from Appendix 1) is made up of low volume wastes and metal cleaning wastes.

The Yard Holding Pond receives low volume wastes and stormwater runoff from numerous sources and is designed to provide oil skimming, neutralization, and sedimentation treatment. The pond has a volume of approximately 40 million gallons.

However, at times the pond is used as an alternative route to discharge emergency raw cooling water discharge and cooling tower blowdown. These two alternative discharges, at 8.43 MGD, comprise 87.6% of the long-term average flow to the pond.

The Cooling Tower Blowdown Line and the Yard Holding Pond overflow are combined and discharged through a pipeline feeding a diffuser located in the Tennessee River at approximate mile 527.9. Discharge through the diffuser is only allowed when there is 3500 cubic feet per second (cfs) flow from Watts Bar Dam.

Outfall 102 This outfall represents the emergency discharge overflow weir for the Yard Holding Pond. The overflow weir operates only in the event of an emergency which prevents the use of the pipeline and diffuser or in the event that the pipeline and/or diffuser require maintenance. Based on information from the plant permit application, this outfall has not been used in the last three years. In the event of a discharge, the flow would enter an unnamed tributary and flow for approximately 3000 feet to the Tennessee River at mile 527.2. Wastewater sources are the same as for Outfall 101.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-3 of R-67 Outfall 103 (Internal Monitoring Point)

This outfall represents the discharge from the Low Volume Waste Treatment Pond. The outfall does not discharge directly to waters of the state, but rather discharges to the Yard Holding Pond (Outfall 101). The Low Volume Waste Treatment Pond receives low volume wastes, storm water, and water leakage wastes as described in Appendix 1. This Pond has a total volume of approximately 17 million gallons, but normally is maintained at about 5 million gallons of wastewater. Treatment is provided by oil skimming, sedimentation, and neutralization. The outfall has been established as an internal monitoring point to verify treatment effectiveness and compliance with 40 CFR Part 423 effluent guidelines for low volume wastes.

Outfall 107 (Internal Monitoring Point)

This outfall represents the combined batch release from two holding/treatment ponds known as the Lined Pond and the Unlined Pond. These ponds are used to collect and treat wastes from periodic metal cleaning operations, and a small portion of storm water, diesel generator coolant, and drum rinsing water. Treatment may be provided by chemical addition (when necessary to meet limits) and recirculation/aeration to reduce concentrations of copper, iron, and/or phosphorus prior to discharge to the Yard Holding Pond (Outfall 101). The Lined Pond has an approximate volume of 0.91 million gallons and the Unlined Pond has an approximate volume of 6.5 million gallons. Following treatment, the typical scenario is for the Lined Pond to be pumped to the Unlined Pond and the Unlined Pond discharged through Outfall 101. Batch releases are normally confined to periods of 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> or less. Records from March 2005 through March 2009 indicate that about 3 discharges per year occur. The long term average flow from the ponds (including days of zero flow) is 1.74 MGD, however, actual flow during discharge is between 2 and 3 MGD. This internal outfall has been established to verify treatment effectiveness and compliance with 40 CFR Part 423 effluent guidelines for metal cleaning wastes.

Outfall 111 (Internal Monitoring Point)

This outfall represents the discharge of plant sanitary wastes following treatment via a four unit extended aeration process treatment facility with ultraviolet (UV) or chlorine disinfection. This is an internal outfall that does not discharge directly to waters of the state.

It has been established to verify proper operation and treatment effectiveness of the sanitary wastewater treatment plant. The discharge flows to the Construction Runoff Holding Pond, which overflows to Outfall 112.

Outfall 112 This outfall represents the discharge from the Construction Runoff Holding Pond.

In addition to sanitary wastes, the pond receives heating and air conditioning cooling water, high-pressure fire protection system flushing water, potable water leaks, and storm water as shown'in Appendix 1. The discharge enters an unnamed tributary, which flows to Yellow Creek.

The tributary enters the Yellow Creek embayment of' Chickamauga Reservoir at a point approximately 1.3 miles above its confluence with the Tennessee River at mile 526.9. The Construction Runoff Holding Pond was designed to receive wastes primarily from storm water runoff from a paint shop area, construction laydown areas and employee parking areas. The drainage area is approximately 208 acres of which most are non-industrial wooded and 65 acres are impervious.

Other

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-4 of R-67 sources contributing to a minor extent are treated sanitary wastewater, fire protection flushing water, HVAC cooling water, and potable water leaks.

The pond provides treatment by sedimentation and oil skimming. Long-term annual average flow is 0.38 MGD.

Outfall 113 This outfall represents the discharge of Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water, which is primarily non-contact, once through cooling water (due to the nature of the operation of the plant this line can also contain cooling tower blowdown). The flow is the largest discharge from the facility averaging 129.0 MGD.

The water is routed to a former discharge point of the TVA - Watts Bar Fossil Plant and discharged at the surface of the Tennessee River at approximate mile 529.2.

Outfall 114 This outfall consists of traveling screen backwash from the supplemental condenser cooling water intake. The discharge from the outfall consists only of screen reject and raw water. This outfall is new to the WBN permit and TVA requested that no monitoring requirements be applied, consistent with other screen backwash discharges at TVA facilities. The Division agrees with this request. Flow is estimated at 0.019 MGD.

Tennessee River The TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant has three direct discharges to the Tennessee River (Outfalls 101, 102, and 113). The plant withdraws cooling water and most other water used for industrial processes through the Intake Pumping Station located at Tennessee River mile 528.0. However, the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (129.0 MGD discharged through Outfall 113) is withdrawn from above Watts Bar Dam and is discharged to the River below the dam, but above the Plant Intake Pumping Station.

For purposes of protecting water quality, the Tennessee River below Watts Bar Dam is designated for fish and aquatic life use, recreation use, irrigation use, livestock watering and wildlife use, domestic water supply use, industrial water supply use, and navigation use. The flow of the river is controlled by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Watts Bar Dam and minimum flows at this location have been developed by the USGS as presented in Appendix 1.

Yellow Creek The Yellow Creek embayment of Chickamauga Lake is designated for fish and aquatic life use, recreation use, irrigation use, and livestock watering and wildlife use.

Low flow conditions in this stream are assumed to be zero.

Drought Conditions and its Effect on WBN Tennessee has experienced extreme drought conditions during the latter part of year 2006 and all of 2007, and is expected to continue through 2008. In contrast, watershed storage areas in the Ohio Valley area experienced flooding, which did not positively affect the Tennessee River. Nonetheless, Tennessee and TVA River Operations systems will continue to monitor these and other natural conditions affecting the sources

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-5 of R-67 for cooling waters throughout the permit period, and will continue to assess and report to the Division any adverse conditions relating to the drought.

IV.

APPLICABLE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES The Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code for TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant is 4911, establishments engaged in generation, transmission, and/or distribution of electric energy for sale. Process wastewater discharged through Outfalls 101, 102, 103, 107, 111, 112, and 113 is regulated by 40 CFR Part 423, Steam Electric Power Generating Point Source Category. This regulation is applicable to discharges resulting from the operation of a generating unit by an establishment primarily engaged in the generation of electricity for distribution or sale which results primarily from a process utilizing fossil-type fuel (coal, oil, or gas) or nuclear fuel in conjunction with a thermal cycle employing the steam water system as the thermodynamic medium.

Appendix 2 lists the applicable best available technology (BAT) and best conventional pollution control technology (BPT) effluent limitations guidelines from 40 CFR Part 423.12 and 423.13.

The guideline numeric limitations are listed for four specific wastewater sources, low volume wastes, metal cleaning wastes, cooling tower blowdown, and once through cooling water. In determining which guideline sources are attributable to each of the seven (7) outfalls, the Part 423.11, Specialized Definitions were used as follows:

The term Low Volume Wastes means, taken collectively as if from one source, wastewater from all sources except those for which specific limitations are otherwise established in this part.

Low Volume Waste sources include, but are not limited to:

wastewaters from wet scrubber air pollution control systems, ion exchange water treatment system, water treatment evaporator blowdown, laboratory and sampling streams, boiler blowdown, floor drains, cooling tower basin cleaning wastes and recirculating house service water systems. Sanitary and air conditioning wastes are not included.

The term chemical Metal Cleaninq Wastes means any wastewater resulting from cleaning [with or without chemical cleaning compounds] any metal process equipment including, but not limited to, boiler tube cleaning.

The term Once Throuah Cooling Water means water passed through the main cooling condensers in one or two passes for the purpose of removing waste heat.

The term Recirculating Coolinq Water means water that is passed through the main condensers for the purpose of removing waste heat, passed through a cooling device for purpose of removing such heat from the water and then passed again, except for blowdown, through the main condenser.

The term Blowdown means the minimum discharge of recirculating water for the purpose of discharging materials contained in the water, the further buildup of which would cause concentration in amounts exceeding limits established by best engineering practices.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-6 of R-67 The above definitions specifically exclude sanitary wastewater and air conditioning wastes. For sanitary wastes, Tennessee Effluent Guidelines from Rule 1200-4-5-03 (1) and/or best professional judgment have been applied.

The effluent limitations presented in 40 CFR 423 (see Appendix 2) are normally to be established in the permit as mass limitations by multiplying the flow of the specific waste source times the applicable concentration limit.

However, 40 CFR, Part 423.12 (b) (11) and Part 423.13 (g) allow the permitting authority, at its discretion, to substitute concentration limits instead of the mass limitations.

For the TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant permit, only concentration limits will be established.

Also in developing guideline limitations for each Outfall, EPA Rule Part 423.12 (12) and Part 423.13(12) is applicable as follows:

In the event that waste streams from various sources are combined for treatment or discharge, the quantity of each pollutant or pollutant property controlled in the BPT/BAT limitation tables attributable to each controlled source shall not exceed the specified limitation for that source.

Utilizing these definitions and the waste source identification provided in the permit application (see summary tables in Appendix 1), the following waste sources and proportions are applied to each outfall as follows:

Guideline Waste Sources and Flows by Outfall_

Waste Source Flow Outfall No Contributing BPT/BAT Waste Source Flow 0/6 Outfall MGD Total Low Volume Wastes 8.63 25.5%

101 Metal Cleaning Wastes 1.142 3.4%

Cooling Tower Blowdown 24.048 71.1 /o Total Outfall Flow 33-82 Low Volume Wastes 8.63 25.50/6 102 Metal Cleaning Wastes 1.142 3.4%

Cooling Tower Blowdown 24.048 71.1%/0 Total Outfall Flow 33.82 103 Low Volume Wastes 0.2145 100.00/o 107 Metal Cleaning Wastes 0.0330 100.0%

Sanitary Waste (Non-guideline) 0.017 6.9%

112 Air Conditioning Wastes (Non-guideline) 0.001 0.4%

Other (Non-guideline) Wastes 0.229 92.7%

Total Outfall Flow (Non-guideline) 0.247 113 Once Through Coling Water 129 100.0%

Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water, 114 Intake Screen backwash 0.019 100.0%

Note: Outfall 114 is backwash water and is not considered in the monitoring requirements for this permit.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-7 of R-67 Where the effluent limitation guideline concentration limits include the same parameter(s) for each source, the allocation of guideline limits by flow is straightforward.

However, where a parameter is limited for one source and not limited for another, some judgment must take place. The approach taken has been to assure that each source complies with its parameter guideline concentration without that source being diluted by other wastewater source(s) for which the parameter is not limited. One means to accomplish this is to utilize internal outfalls, which enable monitoring at a location that is source specific. This approach has been utilized at the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant for Outf ails 103, 107, and 111.

Using the above guidance, the 40 CFR guidelines have been applied to the plant outfalls as shown in Appendix 2 and described as follows:

Outfall 101 Cooling tower blowdown represents approximately 71% of the outfall flow and Low Volume wastes represent 28.9%. Thus the guidelines for Cooling Tower Blowdown and Low Volume Waste will be applied to the total waste stream. The total suspended solids limit and the oil and grease limit applicable to the low volume waste sources is considered applicable to the cooling tower blowdown source as well. Because the metal cleaning wastes represent only 0.1% of the flow, the guideline limits for this source will not be applied to Outfall 101. Rather, compliance with metal cleaning waste limits will be handled by employing an internal monitoring point (Outfall 107). The applicable BPT and BAT limits are given in Appendix 2.

Outfall 102 Since this is an emergency discharge for Outfall 101, the same guidelines apply as for Outfall 101. The limitations are presented in Appendix 2.

Outfall 103 This outfall receives Low Volume Wastes exclusively; therefore, the Low Volume Waste guideline limitations will apply. The limitations are presented in Appendix 2.

Outfall 107 This outfall receives 99.9% Metal Cleaning Wastes and 1% Low Volume Wastes. Therefore the Metal Cleaning Waste limitations will be applied as shown in Appendix 2.

Outfall 111

• Outfall 111 is an internal monitoring point, which receives sanitary waste flow from the extended aeration process sewage treatment plant. Sanitary wastewater is specifically excluded from the Federal guidelines (see 40 CFR 423.11(b)). However, Tennessee Rule 1200-4-5-.03, Effluent Limitations for Effluent Limited Segments specifies effluent limitations for domestic wastewater treatment plants.

This rule specifies monthly average and daily maximum limits for BOD5 and total suspended solids (TSS). The rule also specifies a daily maximum limit for settleable solids. These limits are presented in Appendix 2.

Outfall 112 This outfall primarily receives storm water, high pressure fire protection system flushing water, HVAC cooling water, treated sanitary wastewater and potable water leaks. The storm water accounts for 88.2% of the flow and is not covered under the 40

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-8 of R-67 CFR 423 guidelines. The sanitary. wastewater and the HVAC cooling water, which account for 7.3% of the total flow, are specifically defined as non guideline under 40 CFR Part 423.11 (b). The remaining two waste sources, fire protection system flushing water and potable water leaks, representing 4.4% of the total flow, are also considered non-guideline sources. Thus 40 CFR Part 423 limitations do not apply to this outfall and effluent limitations will be established based on best professional judgment and protection of the receiving stream.

Outfall 113 This outfall receives noncontact supplemental condenser cooling water. The wastewater is defined by 40 CFR 423 as Once Through Cooling Water. Thus Outfall 113 will be subject to the effluent limitations for the Once Through Cooling Water Source given in 40 CFR Part 423.12 (6) and Part 423.13 (b) (1&2) and shown in Appendix 2.

Outall 114 This outfall is new to the WBN permit and TVA requested that no monitoring requirements be applied, consistent with other screen backwash discharges at TVA facilities. The Division agrees with this request. Flow is estimated at 0.019 MGD.

V.

PREVIOUS PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS Appendix 3 lists the permit limitations and monitoring requirements as defined in the previous permit for the seven outfalls.

VI.

HISTORICAL MONITORING AND INSPECTION During the previous permit term, TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant did not have any appreciable difficulty in meeting effluent limitations as outlined in the previous permit. The self monitoring data reported on Discharge Monitoring Report forms during the previous permit term are summarized in Appendix 4.

Any violations of permit limitations that occurred are shown in the tables found in Appendix 4. This information is downloaded from the EPA PCS database, and statistically summarized.

During the previous permit term, the Division's personnel from the Environmental Assistance Center (EAC) - Chattanooga performed a Water Compliance Evaluation Inspection (CEI) of the TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant on 8/9/09. The purpose of the inspection was to independently determine the facility's compliance with the terms and conditions of the NPDES Permit Number TN0020168. The inspectors met with Ms. Jerri Phillips, Ms. Betsy Eiford-Lee, and Mr. Darrin Hutchison, and discussed the permit compliance.

During the inspection, Ms.

Phillips presented the NPDES Permit, the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) along with other environmental response plans, and monitoring reports for the facility.

The inspectors inspected and verified the outfalls for the facility.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-9 of R-67 VII.

NEW PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS The proposed new permit limits have been selected by determining a technology-based limit and evaluating if that limit protects the water quality of the receiving stream. If the technology-based limit would cause violations of water quality, the water quality-based limit is chosen. For this facility the technology-based limit is determined from EPA effluent limitations guidelines applicable to the steam electric power generating point source category (see Part IV); or by way of operational and/or treatability data.

Furthermore, effluent limitations in this permit must comply with any approved Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) studies.

Water quality calculation procedures are explained in this section under the heading: Metals and Toxics.

Appendix 5a through 5e presents the water quality calculations, Appendix 5f presents a comparison of the different limitations, and Appendix 5g lists all proposed effluent limitations and monitoring requirements to be included in the new permit.

The results of the water quality calculations are compared to the effluent guideline limitations in Appendix 5f and the proposed final permit limitations are presented in Appendix 5g. The effluent characteristics limited in the permit and monitoring requirements are discussed individually by outfall as follows as well as certain other permit conditions for the facility that are not outfall specific:

Outfall 101 Flow Monitoring of flow quantifies the load of pollutants to the stream. Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD). Measurement frequency shall be continuous by recorder. These requirements are unchanged from the previous permit.

Oil and Grease An oil and grease limitation is applied to this outfall because of the significant presence of low volume wastes. The limits are established at 15 mg/I monthly average and 20 mg/I daily maximum in accordance with BPT technology-based limits from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (3).

According to the State of Tennessee Water Quality Standards for the protection of Fish & Aquatic Life [Chapter 1200-4-3-.03(3) (c)], there shall be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily slick, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge banks of such size or character that may be detrimental to fish and aquatic life in the receiving stream.

The permit writer is selecting technology-based limits for oil and grease of 15 mg/L as a monthly average concentration and 20 mg/L as a daily maximum concentration.

In addition, the permit shall contain language prohibiting visible floating scum, oil or other matter in the wastewater discharge. Sample type shall be grab. These limits are unchanged from the previous permit. Monitoring frequency in the new permit shall remain at once per month. Sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Total Suspended Solids is a general indicator of the quality of a wastewater and shall be limited in this permit. The technology-based limit of 30 mg/I monthly average

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-10 of R-67 and 100 mg/I daily maximum is taken from 40 CFR Part 423, Subpart 423.12 (b) (3), the BPT limitations applicable to low volume wastes.

The State of Tennessee Water Quality Standards for the protection of Fish &

Aquatic Life [Chapter 1200-4-3-.03(3) (c)] state there shall be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily slick, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge banks of such size or character that may be detrimental to fish and aquatic life in the receiving stream.

The permit writer believes the limit of 30 mg/L monthly average, and 100 mg/L daily maximum concentrations shall provide protection of water quality in the receiving stream. Considering the nature of wastewater collection and discharge system, the sampling frequency shall be once per month and the sample type shall be grab. These limits are unchanged from the previous permit. Sample type shall be grab.

pH Technology-based BPT effluent limitations from 40 CFR, Part 423, Subpart 423.12 (b) (1) establish a pH limitation of 6.0 to 9.0 for all discharges from this facility.

According to the State of Tennessee Water Quality Standards [Chapter 1200 3-.03(3) (b)], the pH for the protection of Fish and Aquatic Life shall lie within the range of 6.5 to 9.0 and shall not fluctuate more than 1.0 unit in this range over a period of 24-hours. Appendix 5d presents calculations that show that the combined discharge from Outfalls 101 and 113 will not cause the pH of the Tennessee River to fall below the 6.5 minimum pH standard. Considering that the receiving stream will provide pH buffering, effluent limitations for pH shall be retained in a range 6.0 to 9.0. Sampling frequency shall be twice per month and the sample type shall be grab.

Total Residual Chlorine Technology-based (BAT) limits of 0.2 mg/L monthly average and 0.5 mg/L daily maximum limits apply to free available chlorine in cooling tower blowdown in accordance with 40 CFR, part 423, Subpart 423.13 (b) (1). The total residual chlorine test includes all chlorine species measured in the free available chlorine test as well as other chlorine compounds such as chloroamines.

Thus the permit writer has substituted the total chlorine residual test in place of the free available chlorine test for compliance with the 40 CFR limitations.

The previous permit has a limit of 0.1 mg/L monthly average and 0.1 mg/L daily maximum for Outfall 101. The 0.1 mg/I concentration is greater than the acute criteria for TRC at 0.019 mg/l. Because of the large volume of water discharged by TVA there exists the potential for exposure of aquatic life to toxic concentrations of chlorine in the discharge. However, since chlorine residual reacts and dissipates rapidly upon mixing into the ambient waters, the concentrations above the acute value should not exist for any significant area. Thus the 0.1 mg/I concentration limit for TRC is considered to be protective of water quality in the Tennessee River at a flow from Outfall 113 of 178.38 MGD and from Outfall 101 of 67.43 MGD.

The monthly average limit of 0.10 mg/L and the daily maximum limit of 0.10 mg/L for Total Residual Chlorine (TRC) shall be retained in the new permit. The limits are

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-11 of R-67 based on the protection of water quality in the Tennessee River during periods when Outfall 101 and Outfall 113 exceed their long term average flow and based on antibacksliding provisions of 40 CFR Part 122.44 (I). These limits are also determined to be appropriate because the facility is discharging TRC in excess of 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> per day in accordance with the approved Biocide/Corrosion Treatment Plan.

Chromium Outfall 101 is primarily composed of cooling tower blowdown.

40 CFR Part 423.13 provides BAT effluent limitations for total chromium applicable to the discharge of cooling tower blowdown wastewater discharges.

The limits are 0.2 mg/L monthly average and 0.2 mg/L daily maximum.

The Watts Bar Nuclear Plant does not use corrosion control chemicals or biocides containing chromium at the facility. Sampling data submitted with the application demonstrated that chromium could not be detected in the effluent at a detection limit of 0.001 mg/L. Thus chromium will be included as a permit limit however, monitoring for chromium is waived per 40 CFR Part 122.44 (a)(2)(i). A statement shall be placed in the permit as follows: The use of water treatment chemicals containing chromium is prohibited under this permit.

Zinc Outfall 101 is primarily composed of cooling tower blowdown.

40 CFR Part 423.13 provides BAT effluent limitations for total zinc applicable to cooling tower blowdown wastewater discharges. The limits are 1.0 mg/L monthly average and 1.0 mg/L daily maximum.

The TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear Plant utilizes zinc in corrosion inhibitors for treatment of raw water.

TVA's policy is to control the feed of zinc containing chemicals to limit the discharge concentration to 0.2 mg/L or less.

The zinc limit of 1.0 mg/L daily average and 1.0 mg/L daily maximum shall be continued in the new permit. The corrosion inhibiting chemicals are added to the raw water system, and are recirculated through the condensers and the cooling towers.

Thus the concentration of zinc is not expected to be highly variable with time.

Therefore, a measurement frequency of 2/month and sample type of grab should be adequate to characterize zinc in this outfall.

Effluent Temperature Temperature shall be limited according to the State of Tennessee Water Quality Standards for the protection of Fish & Aquatic Life [Chapter 1200-4-3-.03(3)(e)]. It is recognized that the temperature of the cooling water discharge will be greater than the temperature of the water prior to its use for cooling or other purposes. This discharge must not cause the temperature change in the receiving stream to exceed 30C relative to an upstream control point. Also, this discharge must not cause the temperature of the receiving stream to exceed 30.50C (except as a result of natural causes), and this discharge must not cause the maximum rate of temperature change in the receiving stream to exceed 20C per hour (except as a result of natural causes).

The elevated temperature water of outfall 101 is mixed with the Tennessee River receiving water by being discharged through a diffuser. Instream temperature criteria must be met at the edge of the mixing zone.

The mixing zone is defined for this discharge as being a maximum width of 240 feet (the width of the diffuser) and

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-12 of R-67 extending 240 feet downstream. An operational requirement of the plant is that the diffuser is only operated when 3500 cubic feet per second (CFS) flow is present from the dam. Mathematical modeling of the temperature during mixing was carried out by TVA and was submitted in a report in December 1993 (Discharge Temperature Limit Evaluation for Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Report # WR28-1-85-137.

The report was based on the 24-hour average for discharge evaluation as specified in the NPDES permit issued in 1993.

The modeling assumed both nuclear units in operation and concluded that a steady-state discharge of 38.3 'C under worst case conditions, which included 1) full thermal load from the fossil plant, 2) the worst meteorology and 3) no operation of Watts Bar Hydro facility, would still protect the water quality based on modeling using daily averaging. A daily average value of 35 °C was proposed to include a margin of safety. A continuous discharge at the temperature maximum of 35 °C will not exceed water quality outside of the mixing zone based on past modeling.

The Division approved a one-hour averaging period for evaluating compliance with temperature criteria in the receiving stream.

A numeric effluent limitation of 350 C shall continue as the daily maximum that can be discharged. Measurement frequency shall be continuous and sample type shall be by recorder. These limits are unchanged from the previous permit.

Refer to paragraph above titled: "Drought Conditions and its Effect on WBN" The Division is denying the request made by TVA in their Application letter to remove certain temperature monitoring in the river because of the ongoing drought condition.

Toxicity Testing Raw water used at the facility is treated with corrosion inhibitors and biocide products. These products, which can become concentrated in the cooling tower system, are discharged through Outfall 101.

The chemical makeup of the products used can change during the permit period and the combined toxicity effect of the chemicals is not known. Thus it is not feasible to control toxicity only by the application of chemical specific effluent limits to the discharge.

Toxicity testing of sensitive aquatic species (coupled with evaluation of new chemical products before they are used) is a reasonable method to evaluate the toxicity impacts of the products in the effluent.

Therefore a whole effluent toxicity testing requirement shall remain in the permit. The calculations of the appropriate dilutions for the test are given in Appendix 5e of the Rationale and Part III of the permit.

The new permit shall require IC25 testing at a wastewater dilution of 3.3%.

Monitoring frequency shall be semi-annual and sample type shall be composite.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-13 of R-67 Outfall 102 Outfall 102 is an emergency discharge used when the Outfall 101 diffuser cannot be used. Thus the limits for this outfall shall be the same as for Ouffall 101.

The new permit limitations for this outfall are unchanged from the previous permit. Sampling frequency and sample type are adjusted for flow and temperature to reflect that continuous monitoring equipment would not be available during an emergency discharge. When thermally loaded effluent is discharged through Outfall 102, all reasonable efforts shall be made to keep flow to a minimum of 3500 cubic feet per second in the receiving waters. If such flow is absent, the permittee shall verify protection of water quality by taking instream temperature measurements.

Outfall 103 This outfall is an internal monitoring point receiving low volume wastes. Thus the Low Volume Waste technology-based limitations apply.

Flow Monitoring of flow quantifies the load of pollutants to the stream. Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD) and monitored continuously by recorder.

Technology-based BPT effluent limitations from 40 CFR, Part 423.12 (b) (1) establish a pH limitation of 6.0 to 9.0 for all discharges from this facility. Therefore a pH limitation of 6.0 to 9.0 shall apply. Sampling shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Oil and Grease An oil and grease limitation is applied to this outfall because of the significant presence of low volume wastes, which are subject to 40 CFR Part 423 guidelines. The limits are established at 15 mg/I monthly average and 20 mg/I daily maximum in accordance with BPT technology-based limits from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (3).

The permit writer is selecting technology-based limits for oil and grease of 15 mg/L as a monthly average concentration and 20 mg/L as a daily maximum concentration. The mass limits shall not be retained. Sampling shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Total Suspended Solids is a general indicator of the quality of a wastewater and shall be limited in this permit. The technology-based limit of 30 mg/I monthly average and 100 mg/I daily maximum is taken from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (3), the BPT limitations applicable to Low Volume Wastes. Sampling shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Outfall 107 This outfall is an internal monitoring point incorporated to evaluate compliance with guideline limitations for metal cleaning wastes. These wastes are subject to technology based BPT and BAT guidelines for metal cleaning wastes under 40 CFR Part 423.12(b)(5) and 423.13 (e).

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-14 of R-67 Flow The flow from this outfall occurs as a controlled batch discharge from the Lined and Unlined Ponds.

Flow duration is typically about 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.

Historical batch discharge frequency has been about 4 times per year.

The flow is calculated by determining change in stage of the ponds.

Monitoring of flow quantifies the load of pollutants to the stream. Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD) and monitored each time there is a batch discharge from the ponds through the outfall. Flow frequency shall be once per batch and type measurement shall be calculated.

QH Technology-based BPT effluent limitations from 40 CFR, Part 423.12 (b) (1) establish a pH limitation of 6.0 to 9.0 for all discharges from this facility. Ph shall be monitored once per batch and sample type shall be grab.

Oil and Grease An oil and grease limitation is applied to this outfall because of the significant presence of metal cleaning wastes.

Concentration limits are established at 15 mg/I monthly average and 20 mg/I daily maximum in accordance with BPT technology-based limits from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (5). The previous permit imposed a monthly average limit of 15 mg/L and a daily maximum limit of 15 mg/L.

Because the wastewater discharging to this outfall is batch treated, it is the permit writer's judgment that each batch can be treated to meet the 15 mg/L concentration.

The average of monthly average values and the maximum value reported from the previous permit monitoring data (see Appendix 4) indicate a consistent value of <5.0 mg/l. Thus the 40 CFR guideline daily maximum limit of 20 mg/I shall not apply and the previous permit limit shall be retained at 15 mg/I monthly average and daily maximum. Sampling shall be once per batch discharge, and sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Total Suspended Solids is a general indicator of the quality of a wastewater and shall be limited in this permit. The technology-based limit of 30 mg/I monthly average and 100 mg/I daily maximum is taken from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (3), the BPT limitations applicable to metal cleaning wastes.

The previous permit provided a monthly average concentration limit of 30 mg/L and a daily maximum concentration limit of 30 mg/L. Sampling frequency shall be once per batch and sample type shall be grab.

Cooper. Total Recoverable Technology-based BAT limits are established for copper at 40 CFR Part 423, Subpart 423.13 (e). The limits are 1.0 mg/L as a monthly average and 1.0 mg/L as a

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-15 of R-67 daily maximum. The previous permit contained concentration limits for copper at 1.0 mg/L as monthly average and as a daily maximum.

The new permit shall have a 1.0 mg/L total recoverable copper limit as both the monthly average and daily maximum in accordance with the technology-based guidelines. The mass limits shall not be retained the permit. Sampling frequency shall be once per batch. Because the wastewater comes from large ponds, which should have relatively good equalization of concentration, and to be consistent with other outfall sampling requirements, the sample type shall be grab.

Iron, Total Recoverable Technology-based BAT limits are established for iron at 40 CFR Part 423.13 (e).

The limits are 1.0 mg/L as a monthly average and 1.0 mg/L as a daily maximum. The previous permit contained concentration limits for iron at 1.0 mg/L as monthly average and as a daily maximum.

The new permit shall have a 1.0 mg/L total recoverable iron limit as both the monthly average and daily maximum in accordance with the technology-based guidelines.

Because the wastewater comes from large ponds, which should have relatively good equalization of concentration and to be consistent with other outfall sampling requirements, the sample type shall be grab.

Phosphorus, Total Phosphorus is not limited by technology-based guidelines, however it is of water quality concern because of its potential to be used in metal cleaning and its ability to contribute to nuisance aquatic growth in receiving water bodies. The previous permit established a 1.0 mg/L monthly average and a 1.0 mg/L daily maximum concentration and required that phosphorus be monitored once per week only during periods when phosphate cleaning solutions are used.

During the past five-year permit period, no phosphorus monitoring was reported at the facility. Because phosphate and phosphate chemicals are listed in the permit application as chemicals added to wastewaters reaching Outfall 107 the limits in the previous permit shall be retained.

Phosphorus analysis of a single sample from this Outfall was reported in the permit application at 0.04 mg/L. Monitoring frequency shall be once per batch discharge only during periods when phosphate cleaning solutions are added.

Because the wastewater comes from large ponds, which should have relatively good equalization of concentration and to be consistent with other outfall sampling requirements, the sample type shall be grab.

Outfall 111 This outfall represents an internal monitoring point to assure proper operation and maintenance of the sewage treatment plant. The plant treats all sanitary wastes generated at the facility except during outages when a significant worker population could be on site, then portable toilets may be used. Wastes from these additional [temporary] facilities are sent to a local publically owned treatment works by the vendor from which they are rented. To assure proper operation, the plant must be under the supervision of a Class 1 Certified Operator for sewage treatment plants in the State of Tennessee.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-16 of R-67 Flow Flow from the sanitary wastewater treatment plant shall be monitored continuously using a flow recorder.

BOD5 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) is a standard test used to measure the effectiveness of sewage treatment plants in removing oxygen consuming organic matter from the waste being treated. The previous permit contained limits of 30 mg/L monthly average and 45 mg/L daily maximum.

40 CFR Part 423 guidelines for the Steam Electric Generating Point Source Category define Low Volume Wastes to include all facility wastes except those for which specific limitations are otherwise established.

However, sanitary and air conditioning wastes are specifically excluded.

Tennessee Guidelines, Rule 1200-4-5-.03, Effluent Limits for Effluent Limited Segments provide guidelines for domestic waste treatment plants. For BOD5 these guidelines specify a monthly average of 30 mg/L and a daily maximum of 45 mg/L.

Based on Tennessee Guidelines, the previous permit limits shall be retained.

The sampling frequency shall be once per week and the sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids TSS is also a test used to measure the effectiveness of sewage treatment plants.

Tennessee Guidelines, Rule 1200-4-5-.03 provide TSS limits for domestic wastewater treatment plants. The limits are 30 mg/L monthly average and 45 mg/L daily maximum. These are the limits in the previous permit and they shall be retained in the new permit. Sampling frequency shall be once per week and sample type shall be grab.

Settleable Solids This test provides a measure of solids in a wastewater that are heavier than water and will settle within 1-hour under quiescent conditions. The test results can be used to judge the effectiveness of the sewage treatment process and the impacts of the effluent on receiving streams. Tennessee Rules, 1200-4-5-.03 establishes a limit of 1.0 ml/L for settleable solids from domestic wastewater treatment plants. This limit as a daily maximum was established in the previous permit and shall be retained in the new permit. Sampling frequency shall be twice per week and sample type shall be grab.

E Coil Tennessee Water Quality Criteria specify an instream maximum concentration for escherichia coli (E. Coh) organisms in order to protect streams designated for recreational use. The instream criteria state that the concentration shall not exceed 126 per 100 ml as a geometric mean. The previous permit did not contain an effluent limitation for E. Coil. In order to protect the receiving stream during periods of critical low flow the new permit shall contain an E. Coil concentration limit of 126 per 100 ml.

Sampling frequency shall be once per week and the sample type shall be grab.

Analytical test procedures of E. Coil are discussed in the permit under Part 1, Section B. Monitoring Procedures.

Chlorine, Total Residual

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-17 of R-67 In order to achieve disinfection, many sewage treatment plants utilize chlorine for disinfection.

The residual chlorine, if not controlled within limits, can be toxic to the downstream receiving streams. The previous permit contained a daily maximum limit of 2.0 mg/L for total residual chlorine, which is consistent with Tennessee Rule 1200-4.03 (2) Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plants.

The permittee has installed an ultra violet disinfection system at the sewage treatment plant at Watts Bar Nuclear Plant. This system should eliminate the use of chlorine for disinfection (except in emergencies). However, the maximum daily limit of 2.0 mg/L for chlorine shall be retained in the permit for the event that chlorine is needed as a backup system. TRC monitoring frequency language shall be changed to five times per week only when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added. Sample type shall be grab.

Outfall 112 This outfall receives wastes from storm water, the effluent from the sanitary wastewater treatment plant, HVAC cooling water from the training center, high pressure fire protection system flushing water, and potable water leaks. These waste sources are not subject to 40 CFR Part 423 guidelines.

Flow Under low flow conditions the discharge from this pond exits through four concrete pipes with v-notch weirs in their ends. Under high storm water flow conditions, the portion of the flow exceeding the capacity of the pipes exits via an overflow spillway.

The previous permit required flow to be monitored once per week with sample type being estimate. This language shall be retained in the new permit.

The Construction Runoff Holding Pond is subject to diurnal algal growth/decay, which causes fluctuations in pH. Photosynthesis causes the pH to rise during the day and decline during the night. Given that there will be buffering of the discharge pH in the stream, a pH limit of 6.0 to 9.0 is considered adequate to protect water quality.

Monitoring frequency shall be once per week and sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids The previous permit established limits for suspended solids based on the technology-based BPT guidelines from 40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (3).

A limit of 30 mg/L monthly average and 100 mg/I daily maximum was established in the permit. Evaluation of the current sources contributing to this outfall indicate that they are not subject to 40 CFR Part 423 guidelines. However, the previous permit limits of 30 mg/L monthly average and 100 mg/L daily maximum are considered adequate to protect water quality in the receiving stream. Therefore, the previous permit limits shall be retained.

Sampling frequency shall be retained at once per week and sample type shall be grab.

Nitroqen, Ammonia Total

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-18 of R-67 Ammonia is present in the treated sanitary wastewater from Outfall 111.

This treated wastewater enters the Yard Runoff Construction Holding Pond prior to discharge to Outfall 112. Ammonia can impact the receiving stream, Yellow Creek, because of its toxicity and because its biological oxidation causes reduction in stream dissolved oxygen. The previous permit established a monthly average limit of 1.46 mg/L based on the criterion continuous concentration (CCC) and 2.46 mg/L based on the criterion maximum concentration (CMC). Preliminary modeling has indicated that these limits will also protect dissolved oxygen resources in the receiving stream.

For the present permit, water quality calculations have been made using updated criteria from the EPA publication entitled "1999 Update of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Ammonia."

The calculations, presented in Appendix 5c, show that the chronic criterion concentration (CCC), which is pH and temperature dependent in the receiving stream, is 1.24 mg/L of ammonia as N. Since the low flow of the receiving stream is zero, this CCC value must be met in the discharge as a monthly average.

The calculations were made for a pH of 8.0 and a summer temperature of 250 C.

The new permit shall establish the maximum daily concentration for ammonia as twice the monthly average concentration. This ratio is considered appropriate for well-operated biological wastewater treatment plants. Thus a value of 2.48 mg/L shall be set as the daily maximum limit.

Measurement frequency shall be once per week and sample type shall be grab.

Dissolved Oxvaen. (DO)

Outfall 112 discharges wastewater containing organic matter and ammonia (from treated sanitary waste) to Yellow Creek, a stream with a minimum flow of zero.

Tennessee water quality criteria for this stream requires that dissolved oxygen be 5.0 mg/L or greater. Thus the discharge from the Outfall must meet this criteria and a limit of 5.0 mg/I as a daily maximum was established in the previous permit. This limit shall be retained in the new permit. Monitoring frequency shall be once per week and sample type shall be grab.

Total Residual Chlorine (TRC)

The sewage treatment plant, Outfall 111 has been the primary source of TRC in Outfall 112. The treatment plant has been recently converted to ultraviolet disinfection and chlorine should no longer be a water quality issue at this outfall. Because of the possibility that chlorine may be used (as a backup during maintenance or emergencies)

TRC limits shall be retained at Outfall 112.

However, TRC monitoring shall be applicable when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added. Sampling frequency shall be once per week and sample type shall be grab.

The permit establishes a reportable limit of 0.05 mg/L for TRC that is higher than the monthly average limit of 0.011 mg/L and the daily maximum limit of 0.019 mg/L for TRC. Therefore the reporting of concentrations of TRC at <0.05 mg/L shall effectively be used to demonstrate compliance with the effluent limitations. It should also be noted that any TRC detected at or above the detection level shall constitute a violation of the permit.

It should be pointed out that the two previous permits defined a required quantitation level for TRC at 0.05 mg/L. Also listed were the acceptable methods for

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-19 of R-67 detection, as specified in 40 CFR Part 136, the amperometric titration, DPD colorimetric, starch end point direct, and specific ion electrode. The facility, which is using the DPD colorimetric method, has requested that the minimum level of quantitation (ML),for TRC be established at 0.08 mg/L based on limited site specific test data developed at the plant using EPA approved test methods and procedures for determining Method Detection Limit (MDL) under 40 CFR Part 136, Appendix B and subsequent adjustment to obtain a Minimum Level of Quantitation (ML). The facility is also requesting that this ML value be established as the minimum reportable limit in the permit. The Division has not accepted the site specific ML developed by WBN as the required detection level for reporting purposes. The required analytical quantification level for TRC is the permit limit, or 0.05 mg/L whichever is lower. In cases where the permit limit is less than 0.05 mg/L, and the quantification level for TRC in the effluent is determined to be 0.05 mg/I, the reporting of TRC at < 0.05 mg/L shall be interpreted to constitute compliance with the permit limit.

Toxicity Testing Raw water from mechanical draft HVAC cooling towers and fire protection system may be treated with corrosion control and biocide products. These products are discharged through Outfall 112.

The chemical makeup of the products used can change during the permit period and the combined toxicity effect of the chemicals is not known. Thus it is not feasible to apply chemical specific effluent limits to the discharge and assure the control of toxicity.

Toxicity testing (coupled with evaluation of new products before they are used) is a reasonable method to evaluate the toxicity impacts of the products in the effluent. Therefore toxicity testing shall remain in the permit.

The previous permit required chronic toxicity testing, IC25, at a dilution of 100%

based on the presence of zero minimum flow in Yellow Creek. The new permit shall retain this test requirement. Measurement frequency shall be semi-annual and sample type shall be composite.

Outfall 113 Outfall 113 discharges Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW), which is noncontact, once through cooling water.

Once through cooling water is subject to BPT and BAT technology-based limitations under 40 CFR Part 423.

A portion of the water discharged through Outfall 113 enters the plant through the intake pumping station (IPS) and is treated with corrosion inhibitors and biocide. The remaining portion is obtained by gravity flow through the intake for the old TVA - Watts Bar Fossil Plant, which withdraws water from Watts Bar Reservoir above Watts Bar Dam.

The proportion of flow from the IPS ranges from approximately 40 to 70 MGD and the remaining portion from Watts Bar Reservoir varies from approximately zero to 110 MGD. The water withdrawn from Watts Bar Lake may be passed through the condensers as once through cooling water, or by using a bypass valve arrangement, may be routed directly to Outfall 113.

Flow The previous permit required flow to be measured on a continuous basis using a recorder. This language shall be retained in the new permit. Should the continuous flow monitoring equipment fail or need to be taken off line for repairs or calibration, the flow shall be measured by staff gage as a backup method until the flow monitoring

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-20 of R-67 system is brought back on line. The permittee shall take reasonable steps to restore the flow monitoring as soon as possible.

Sudden changes in thermal loading at the plant, i.e., start-up or shutdown, should not be made unless there is discharge from Watts Bar Dam (the exception being changes necessary due to concern for human safety or the environment).

pH The discharge is covered under 40 CFR Part 423 guidelines, which require that the pH be maintained between 6.0 and 9.0.

Calculations given in Appendix 5d show that pH within this range will protect the water quality of the Tennessee River.

Thus pH limitations shall remain 6.0 to 9.0 in the new permit. Sampling frequency shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

TSS was included in the previous permit as a monitoring only requirement on a once per month basis. There are no technology based limits or numeric water quality criteria for this parameter. According to Tennessee Water Quality Criteria for the protection of fish and aquatic life [Chapter 1200-4-3-.03(3)], there shall be no distinctly visible solids, scum, foam, oily slick, or the formation of slimes, bottom deposits or sludge banks of such size or character that may be detrimental to aquatic life in the receiving stream.

Monitoring of TSS was required during the previous permit period and the data (see Appendix 4) indicated that the long-term average was 4.0 mg/L. Because the facility is considering adding bentonite to this waste stream as a method of detoxifying biocides, suspended solids monitoring shall remain in the permit. Sampling frequency shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Chlorine, Total Residual Total chlorine residual was limited in the previous permit at 0.092 mg/L as a monthly average and 0.158 as a daily maximum. These limits were based on compliance with instream water quality criteria at a previous permit flow of 192 MGD. Water quality calculations (presented in Appendix 5b) were performed using the long-term average combined flow of Outfall 101 and 113 from the current permit application.

These calculations indicate that a monthly average of 0.15 mg/I and a daily maximum of 0.259 mg/L are necessary to comply with water quality criteria.

In the case of the daily maximum value, the 0.2 mg/L BAT limit is more restrictive. Monitoring data from the previous permit period indicates that the long-term average and the maximum TRC concentration have been well below the permit limit (see Appendix 4).

The WBN plant does not add chlorine to the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water, however chlorine/bromine is potentially present in the outfall due to commingling of cooling tower blowdown. The previous permit limits shall be retained in the permit to comply with the antibacksliding provisions of 40 CFR Part 122.44 (I) and as part of the justification for the exceedance of the 2 hour2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> per day guideline maximum for discharge of TRC (see discussion in Rationale under Additional Limitations, Conditions and Monitoring Requirements). Monitoring frequency shall be retained at once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Dissolved Oxygen, (DO)

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-21 of R-67 Outfall 113 discharges Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW), which is noncontact, once through cooling water to the Tennessee River via a difuser a mile 529.2. State water quality criteria for this stream requires that dissolved oxygen be 5.0 mg/L or greater. However, because of the high flow of the discharge from this Outfall and the receiving stream the narrative limit to "Report the minimum DO" shall be retained in the new permit. Monitoring frequency shall be once per month and sample type shall be grab.

Toxicity Testing The new permit limit calculations indicate required chronic toxicity testing, IC25, at a dilution factor of 12.6 and a new limit of 8%. Measurement frequency shall be retained at semi-annual and sample type shall be composite.

Temperature, General Tennessee water quality criteria for temperature contains three parts, Q1) the discharge shall not cause the temperature of the receiving waters to exceed 30.5 C instream after mixing, (2) the discharge shall not cause an upstream to downstream temperature change of more than 3 C, and (3) the discharge shall not cause a rate of temperature change more than 2 °C per hour. All of these conditions must be met at the edge of the mixing zone for the discharge. Further the extent of the mixing zone should be such that fish and aquatic life are not harmed by the discharge.

TVA, as part of a previous permit application process, presented dilution model results, which indicated that the mixing zone of this discharge would allow the free passage of fish while avoiding bottom dwelling species. During periods of Watts Bar dam releases, the heated plume is predicted to stay near the right bank (looking downstream) and extend downstream for a distance of approximately 1000 feet. During periods of dam shutoff, the heated plume is predicted to extend across the entire width of the river. Normally a "bank to bank" mixing zone is not allowable; however; in this case, only near the surface does the "passive" mixing zone extend across the width of the river.

Temperature and Area of Mixing Zone The dynamic nature of the river operations in the vicinity of the Outfall 113 discharge and the fact that this channel is not a natural stream lead to issues with defining an appropriate mixing zone. It is recognized that the temperatures occurring in the Tennessee River at the location of the discharge are the result of a complex set of variables defining the mixing hydrodynamics and heat balance. Many of the variables, such as meteorological inputs, dam turbine releases, dam leakage, flow direction, and reservoir stage are beyond the control of the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant. It is further recognized that applying instantaneous criteria is problematic because of the dynamic nature of the receiving stream (barge traffic, dam operations, rapidly changing plume location, etc.).

For this reason, the Division has determined that compliance with the temperature criteria should not be applied on an instantaneous basis instead compliance will be implemented with the following changes.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-22 of R-67 The approach to the mixing zone in this permit will be to define both an active and a passive mixing zone of approximately the same overall size. (See Mixing Zone Diagram, Appendix 5H.) In the passive mixing zone case, corresponding to dam shutoff, the mixing zone geometry will be defined as before. The passive mixing zone extends across the entire width of the river and extends downstream approximately 1000 feet.

The active mixing zone will apply to other conditions where the plume tends to reside in the right hand side of the river (facing downstream). Monitoring to establish compliance for the active mixing zone will occur 2000 feet downstream of Outfall 113 in the right hand side of the river. This monitoring will utilize two stations that will be placed after determining the best locations to capture, as much as possible, the true temperature in the plume. Temperature recorder station # 33 will be relocated and the new recorder station #34 are shown in general locations on the mixing zone diagram. The data from the two stations will be reported as the average of the temperatures for the two stations.

The additional monitor and the averaging of the results will allow better tracking of the plume.

The modeling that predicted the previously described passive mixing zone will be

[physically] verified by an instream thermal survey conducted semiannually.

This passive mixing zone that was described in the previous permit has been verified by instream modeling and instream thermal surveys.

The permittee shall maintain the bottom temperature sensors in the Mussel Relocation Zone to ensure protection of bottom dwelling species and a zone of fish passage. The limit for the four existing monitors in the relocation zone will remain at 33.50C (92.30F) as the instantaneous maximum value previously established to protect those bottom dwelling species. The permittee will be allowed to remove the bottom velocity monitors in this area since correlation of directional flow with the operation of the dam has been established and further characterization is not needed. Measurement frequency shall be hourly and sample type shall be recorder. The permittee shall record this data on the DMRs, where exceedences of the limit will be considered a permit violation.

Temperature, Effluent It is recognized that the temperature of the discharge, after use for cooling purposes, will be higher than that of the intake water. The previous permit did not establish a maximum effluent temperature but rather required reporting of effluent temperature. Sampling frequency was hourly and sample type was grab. This sampling requirement shall be retained in the new permit.

The temperature at the edge of the mixing zone must not exceed 30.5 °C as a daily maximum. Instream temperature monitors shall be employed at the downstream edge of the active mixing zone to demonstrate compliance. Measurement frequency shall be hourly and sample type shall be recorder.

Temperature, Rise Upstream to Downstream In order to demonstrate compliance with the 3 °C maximum rise upstream to downstream, the permittee shall conduct automated instream temperature monitoring.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-23 of R-67 Monitoring locations shall include an upstream point (just below Watts Bar Dam) and a downstream point at the downstream edge of the mixing zone (as described above).

Additional Limitations, Conditions, and Monitoring Requirements In addition to the specific numerical limitations discussed above, there are a number of general requirements that shall apply to outfalls 101,102, 103, 107, 111, 112, and 113. These requirements are discussed as follows:

40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (2) (BPT) and Part 423.13 (a) (BAT) specify, "There shall be no discharge of polychlorinated biphenyl compounds such as those commonly used for transformer fluid." This requirement was in the previous permit and shall be retained in the new permit.

These requirements are potentially applicable to Outfalls 101, 102 and 113. Chlorine is not added to the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water System (once through cooling water) at the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant; however, it is present in all Outfalls due to commingling of cooling tower blowdown. TVA has made a demonstration to the Division that the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant cannot operate under these 'two hour per day" requirements without significant damage to the system potentially jeopardizing operational safety. No limit was placed on the hours of chlorine use in the previous permit and no such limit shall be included in the new permit.

40 CFR Part 423.12 (b) (8) (BPT requirements, non wastewater source specific) states that "Neither free available chlorine nor total residual chlorine may be discharged from any unit for more than two hours in any one day and not more than one unit in any plant may discharge free available chlorine or total residual chlorine at any one time unless the utility can demonstrate to the Regional Administrator or State, if the State has NPDES permit issuing authority, that the units in a particular location cannot operate at or below this level of chlorination."

40 CFR Part 423.13 (b) (2) (BAT requirements, specific to once through cooling water) also states that for plants with a rated electric generating capacity of 25 or more megawatts that

'Total residual chlorine may not be discharged from any single generating unit for more than two hours per day unless the discharger demonstrates to the permitting authority that discharge for more than two hours is required for microinvertebrate control.

Simultaneous multi-unit chlorination is permitted."

40 CFR Part 423.13 (d) (2) (BAT requirements, specific to cooling tower blowdown) states "Neither free available nor total residual chlorine may be discharged from any unit for more than two hours in any one day and not more than one unit in any plant may discharge free available or total residual chlorine at any one time unless the utility can demonstrate to the Regional Administrator or State, if the State has NPDES permit issuing authority, that the units in a particular location cannot operate at or below this level of chlorination."

40 CFR Part 423.13 (d) (1), BAT requirements for cooling tower blowdown, establishes monthly average and daily maximum effluent limitations for the 126 Priority Pollutants. The monthly average limit and the daily maximum limit (except for chromium and zinc) for the 126 Priority Pollutants contained in chemicals added for cooling tower maintenance is "No

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-24 of R-67 Detectable Amount."

However, Part 423.13 (d) (3) allows the permitting authority, at its

.discretion, to utilize engineering calculations which demonstrate that the regulated pollutants are not detectable in the final discharge by analytical methods in 40 CFR Part 136. This requirement is potentially applicable to outfall 101. TVA has provided data that demonstrates that priority pollutants will not be added to the system in quantities that will be detectable in cooling tower blowdown. Also the data provided with the Form 2C permit application indicates that the priority pollutants were not present in detectable amounts.

The following. general statement shall be added to the permit "Priority Pollutants contained in chemicals added for cooling tower maintenance except for zinc, shall not be discharged in cooling tower blowdown in amounts that are detectable by analytical methods in 40 CFR Part 136." Monitoring for the Priority Pollutants shall not be required.

Bromine may be used at times in the raw water system. For purposes of measurement of Total Residual Chlorine (TRC) in the permit, analyses shall include residual bromine with the results reported as chlorine. Thus there is no separate test for residual bromine, but one test for situations where combinations of chlorine and bromine are being used.

The language in the previous permit shall be retained restricting start-up, shutdown and abrupt flow changes when the flow is below 3,500 cubic feet per second.

It is recognized that the permittee must use biocides and corrosion inhibitor products to protect plant piping systems and assure safety in the event of a shutdown.

Because the chemicals in these products may be detrimental to fish and aquatic life in the receiving stream, there is a need to evaluate the nature of the chemicals, the dosage to be used, the duration of use, the effluent concentration, and the need for treatment prior to discharge. The previous permit required that a biocide treatment plan be submitted for approval by the Division and that subsequent changes to that plan during the permit period also be submitted for approval. It is also recognized that biocide and corrosion inhibitor products will change during the course of the NPDES permit period and that there is need for a mechanism to evaluate these changes relative to water quality impacts. Thus language has been incorporated into the permit to allow modification of the biocide and corrosion inhibitor. plan based on pre-approval of the modifications by the Division.

VIII.

METALS AND TOXICS The following procedure is used to calculate the allowable instream concentrations for permit limitations. If monitoring for a particular pollutant indicates that the pollutant is not present (i.e.,

consistently below detection level), then the division may drop the monitoring requirements in the reissued permit.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-25 of R-67

1. The most recent background conditions of the receiving stream segment are compiled. This information includes:

7Q10 of receiving stream Calcium hardness (measured ambient data, or 25 mg/L default)

Total suspended solids (measured ambient data, or 10 mg/L, default)

Background metals concentrations (measured ambient data, or 1/2 chronic water quality criteria)

Other dischargers impacting this segment Downstream water supplies, if applicable

2. The chronic water quality criteria are converted from total recoverable metal at lab conditions to dissolved lab conditions for the following metals: cadmium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc. Then translators are used to convert the dissolved lab conditions to total recoverable metal at ambient conditions.

3. The acute water quality criteria is converted from total recoverable metal at lab conditions to dissolved lab conditions for the following metals: cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc, silver and mercury. Then translators are used to convert the dissolved lab conditions to total recoverable metal at ambient conditions for the following metals: cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, silver and mercury.

4. The chronic criteria for Chromium (T) is given in the total recoverable form and is not converted to a dissolved lab condition or to the total recoverable ambient condition.

5. A standard mass balance equation determines the total allowable concentration (permit limit) for each pollutant. This equation also includes a percent stream allocation of 90%.

The following formulas are used to evaluate water quality protection:

Cm = QsCs + QwCw Qs + Qw where:

Cm = resulting in-stream concentration after mixing Cw = concentration of pollutant in wastewater Cs = stream background concentration Qw = wastewater flow Qs = stream low flow to protect water quality:

Cw < (S.. [Cm (Os + Qw) - QsCs]

Qw where (SA) is the percent "Stream Allocation".

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-26 of R-67 Calculations for this permit have been done using a standardized worksheet, titled "Water Quality Based Effluent Calculations."

Division policy dictates the following procedures in establishing these permit limits:

1.

The critical low flow values are determined using USGS data:

Fish and Aquatic Life Protection 7Q10 - Low flow under natural conditions 1Q10 - Regulated low flow conditions Other than Fish and Aquatic Life Protection 30Q2 - Low flow under natural conditions

2. Fish & Aquatic Life water quality criteria for certain Metals are developed through application of hardness dependent equations. These criteria are combined with dissolved fraction methodologies in order to formulate the final effluent concentrations.

3. For criteria that are hardness dependent, chronic and acute concentrations are based on a Hardness of 25 mg/I and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) of 10 nmg/l unless ambient stream data or water supply intake data substantiate a different value. Minimum and maximum limits on the hardness value used for water quality calculations are 25 mg/I and 400 mg/I respectively. The minimum limit on the TSS value used for water quality calculations is 10 mg/l.

4. Background concentrations are determined from the division database, results of sampling obtained from the permittee, and/or obtained from nearby stream sampling data. If this background data is not sufficient, one-half of the chronic "In-stream Allowable" water quality criteria for fish and aquatic life is used. If the measured background concentration is greater than the chronic "In-stream Allowable" water quality criteria, then the measured background concentration is used in lieu of the chronic "In-stream Allowable" water quality criteria for the purpose of calculating the appropriate effluent limitation (Cw). Under these circumstances, and in the event the "stream allocation" is less than 100%, the calculated chronic effluent limitation for fish and aquatic life should be equal to the chronic "In-stream Allowable" water quality criteria. These guidelines should be strictly followed where the industrial source water is not the receiving stream. Where the industrial source water is the receiving stream, and the measured background concentration is greater than the chronic "In-stream Allowable" water quality criteria, consideration may be given as to the degree to which the permittee should be required to meet the requirements of the water quality criteria in view of the nature and characteristics of the receiving stream.

The spreadsheet has fourteen (14) data columns, all of which may not be applicable to any particular characteristic constituent of the discharge. A description of each column is as follows:

Column 1:

The "Stream Background" concentrations of the effluent characteristics.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-27 of R-67 Column 2:

The "Chronic" Fish and Aquatic Life Copper, Lead, Nickel, and Zinc, this dissolved form at laboratory conditions.

(CCC) is calculated using the equation:

Water Quality criteria. For Cadmium, value represents the criteria for the The Criteria Continuous Concentration CCC = (exp { mc [ In (stream hardness)] + bc }) (CCF)

CCF = Chronic Conversion Factor This equation and the appropriate coefficients for each metal are from Tennessee Rule 1200-4-3-.03 and the EPA guidance contained in The Metals Translator:

Guidance For Calculating A Total Recoverable Permit Limit From a Dissolved Criterion (EPA 823-B-96-007, June 1996). Values for other metals are in the total form and are not hardness dependent; no chronic criteria exists for silver.

Published criteria are used for non-metal parameters.

Column 3:

The "Acute" Fish and Aquatic Life Water Quality criteria. For Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Silver, and Zinc, this value represents the criteria for the dissolved form at laboratory conditions. The Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) is calculated using the equation:

CMC = (exp { mA [In (stream hardness) ] + bA}) (ACF)

ACF = Acute Conversion Factor This equation and the appropriate coefficients for each metal are from Tennessee Rule 1200-4-3-.03 and the EPA guidance contained in The Metals Translator:

Guidance For Calculating A Total Recoverable Permit Limit From a Dissolved Criterion (EPA 823-B-96-007, June 1996). Values for other metals are in the total form and are not hardness dependent; no acute criteria exists for Total Chromium. Published criteria are used for non-metal parameters.

Column 4:

The "Fraction Dissolved" converts the value for dissolved metal at laboratory conditions (columns 2 & 3) to total recoverable metal at in-stream ambient conditions (columns 5 & 6). This factor is calculated using the linear partition coefficients found in The Metals Translator: Guidance For Calculating A Total Recoverable Permit Limit From a Dissolved Criterion (EPA 823-B-96-007, June 1996) and the equation:

Cdiss Ctotal 1

1 + [ [Kp.] [SS(1+a)] [10-6] }

ss = in-stream suspended solids concentration [mg/l]

Linear partition coefficients for streams are used for unregulated (7Q10) receiving waters, and linear partition coefficients for lakes are used for regulated (1Q10) receiving waters. For those parameters not in the dissolved form in columns 2 &

3 (and all non-metal parameters), a Translator of 1 is used.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-28 of R-67 Column 5:

Column 6:

Column 7:

Column 8:

Column 9:

The "Chronic" Fish and Aquatic Life Water Quality criteria at in-stream ambient conditions. This criteria is calculated by dividing the value in column 2 by the value in column 4.

The "Acute" Fish and Aquatic Life Water Quality criteria at in-stream ambient conditions. This criteria is calculated by dividing the value in column 3 by the value in column 4.

The "Chronic" Calculated Effluent Concentration for the protection of fish and aquatic life. This is the chronic limit.

The "Acute" Calculated Effluent Concentration for the protection of fish and aquatic life. This is the acute limit.

The In-Stream Water Quality criteria for the protection of Human Health associated with the stream use classification of Organism Consumption (Recreation).

The In-Stream Water Quality criteria for the protection of Human Health associated with the stream use classification of Water and Organism Consumption. These criteria are only to be applied when the stream use classification for the receiving stream includes both "Recreation" and "Domestic Water Supply."

The In-Stream Water Quality criteria for the protection of Human Health associated with the stream use classification of Domestic Water Supply.

The Calculated Effluent Concentration associated with Organism Consumption.

The Calculated Effluent Concentration associated with Water and Organism Consumption.

The Calculated Effluent Concentration associated with Domestic Water Supply.

Column 10:

Column 11:

Column 12:

Column 13:

Column 14:

The most stringent water quality effluent concentration from Columns 7, 8, 12, 13, and 14 is applied if the receiving stream is designated for domestic water supply. Otherwise, the most stringent effluent concentration is chosen from columns 7, 8, and 12 only.

The calculations are presented in Appendix 5b. One calculation has been made for the Tennessee River and one for Yellow Creek. Because of the close proximity of the outfalls and large flow of the discharges, Outfalls 101 and 113 have been combined for purposes of the water quality calculations in the Tennessee River. Background water quality in the Tennessee River has been taken from the Division of Water Pollution Control monitoring station at river mile 529.5. This data is presented in Appendix 5a.

Separate water quality, calculations are presented for ammonia and pH in Appendix 5c and 5d respectively.

In the case of ammonia, Outfalls 101 and 113 were combined for purposes of determining the discharge concentration allowable for the Tennessee River. Based on the calculations it was determined that limiting ammonia to prevent toxicity was not necessary.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-29 of R-67 Storm Water The following table gives a summary of storm water discharges at the TVA

- Watts Bar Nuclear Plant:

Storm Water Outfall Summary ESW PPPA i D.alni..e.

Imi.rv.oi...............

Outfall...

Areia6 No

'4

~ ra

\\~ra nclu&d in1 EDe'sighation

________ ares Acres ralnagseAra 1

42 34 YHP 101 I

NPDES 2

49 47 YHP 101 NPDES 3

144 5

None To be re-evaluated for TMSP 4

92 3

None SW-1 TMSP 5

37 22 YHP 101 NPDES 6

29 1

None SW-5 TMSP 7

18 7

LVWP+

103 NPDES 8

27 8

None SW-2 TMSP 9

45 11 None SW-3 TMSP 10 41 4

None To be covered under TMSP 11 77 18 None To be covered under TMSP 12 163 1

None SW-4 I

TMSP 13 166 35 CRHP To be re-evaluated for TMSP 14 42 30 CRHP To be re-evaluated for TMSP 15 8

0 None No industrial activity Total 980 226 1

1 1

Outfalls that contain only storm water and other discharges allowed by the TMSP have been permitted under the Tennessee Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities (TMSP).

Outfalls SW-1 through SW-5 fall into this category and thus are not addressed in this individual permit. Outfalls that contain storm water commingled with process and/or cooling wastewater are covered under this individual NPDES permit. This includes Outfalls 101(or 102), and 112. The total flow from Outfall 101 (and 102 when in use) contains approximately 2.1% storm water based on the average annual flow. Storm runoff pollutants from this discharge shall be controlled via the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) required by this permit (see Part IV of the Permit).

The Construction Yard Runoff Holding Pond (Outfall 112) receives drainage from approximately 208 acres of which 65 acres is impervious surfaces. Also this Outfall contains a large percentage (88% of annual average) of storm water. Storm runoff pollutants from this discharge shall be controlled via the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) required by this permit. However, the division is evaluating the need for storm water discharges occuring through outfall 112 to require a separate permit application (Form 2F). and separate outfall designation, limitations, and monitoring requirements. The division is not assigning separate parameters and limits for stormwater discharges from outfalls 101 or 103 at this time.

It is the intent of the Division that the permittee institute a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) in order to minimize the discharge of pollutants from storm water outfalls. It is the opinion of the Division that the best method for dealing with potential pollution associated with storm water discharges from the TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant facility is through

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-30 of R-67 implementation of an aggressive SWPPP coupled with discharge monitoring to verify SWPPP effectiveness.

In order to assist the permittee in the evaluation of the effectiveness of the SWPPP, benchmark values developed for the Tennessee Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities are provided herein for comparison. These benchmark values (cut-off concentrations) were developed by the EPA and the State of Tennessee and are based on data submitted by similar industries for the development of the multi-sector general storm water permit. The cut-off concentrations are target values and should not be construed to represent permit limits.

Parameters of Concern Cut-Off Concentration [mg/L]

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 200 Oil & Grease 15 Iron, TOTAL 5.0 pH (range),

5.0- 9.0 Note: Sample values are from the Tennessee Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities, Rationale, Part Ill, Table III-A: Parameter Benchmark Values.

The previous permit contained a requirement that a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) be developed and maintained to regulate storm water runoff. This requirement shall be retained in the new permit. The SWPPP is meant to ensure that runoff from the facility site is not a significant source of pollution to the receiving stream. The discharger shall develop, document and maintain the SWPPP pursuant to the requirements as set forth in the Tennessee's Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activities, Sector 0, "Storm Water Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity from Steam Electric Power Generating Facilities, Including Coal Handling Areas", Part 3, "Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Requirements", is available at http://www.state.tn.us/environment~wpc/stormh2o/pmt-o.pdf for this permit. The effectiveness of this SWPPP may be investigated by requiring storm water monitoring of the combined process/storm water discharges and requiring that the results of the storm water runoff monitoring be submitted. Should the required monitoring results so dictate, the Division maintains the authority to institute specific numeric limitations for the monitored parameters.

IX.

BIOMONITORING REQUIREMENTS, CHRONIC The discharge of industrial wastewater from Outfall 101,102, 112, and 113 may contain several different/pollutants, the combined effect of which has a reasonable potential to be detrimental to fish and aquatic life.

The Tennessee Water Quality Standards criteria stipulate that "The waters shall not contain toxic substances, whether alone or in combination with other substances, which will produce toxic conditions...".

Since the permittee discharges to streams with low critical flow conditions, there is a concern for toxicity effects of the discharge on the receiving stream that is relatively unknown.

Biomonitoring will provide information relative to the toxicity of the discharge.

Chronic biomonitoring is designed to evaluate extended exposure effects of toxicants to growth and/or reproduction of sensitive aquatic species. Calculations of chronic toxicity limits are as follows:

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-31 of R-67 For situations where water is withdrawn from the stream and then discharged back to the stream Qs DF =---------------------------

Qw and for situations where water is not withdrawn from the stream Qs + Qw DF = ----------------- = Dilution Factor, Qw Where Ow is the wastewater flow and Gs is a receiving stream low flow (7Q10 or 1Q10),). Please refer to Appendix 5e for details regarding facility wastewater flow and receiving stream low flow.

Where the calculated dilution factor is less than 100:1, and assuming immediate and complete mixing, protection of the stream from chronic effects requires:

IWC < 1.0 X IC25; or, INHIBITION CONCENTRATION, 25% > IWC, Where IWC is Instream Waste Concentration and is calculated as a percent of the total flow using the following formula:

For situations where water is withdrawn from the stream and then discharged back to the stream Qw IWC = -------------------

x 100 as and for situations where water is not withdrawn from the stream Qw IWC =

X 100 Qs + Qw The following table gives the calculated chronic test values for the four outfalls:

I Calculation ot Chronic Biomonitoring Requirements Outfall Receixing j Rec. Stream Outfall Waste Withdrawing Dilution Factor, DF Instream Wastewater Conc. (IWC)

Stream Flow, Os Flow, Qw from Withdrawing Not Withdrawing Withdrawing Not Withdrawing I mgd i mgd Rec. Strm.

Os/Ow (Qs + Ow)ow (Ow/Qs)

(Qw/(Qw+Qs))

Chronic Requirements, if DF <100 101 TN River j

2062 67.43 Yes 30.6 3.27%

102 TN River I

2062 67.43 Yes 30.6 3.27%

112 Yellow Creek 0

0.38 No 1.0 100.00%

113 TN Riser 2062 178.38 No 12.6 1

7.96W1 As seen from the table, WET testing shall be required on all four Outfalls. If toxicity is demonstrated in any of the effluent samples specified above, this shall constitute a violation of this permit.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-32 of R-67 The toxicity tests specified herein shall be conducted semi-annually for Outfalls 101, 102, 112, and 113 and begin no later than 60 days from the effective date of this permit.

X.

ANTIDEGRADATION Tennessee's Antidegradation Statement is found in the Rules of the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Chapter 1200-4-3-.06. This statement outlines the criteria for the two types of high quality waters. Outstanding National Resource Waters (ONRWs), as designated by the Water Quality Control Board, are commonly referred to as Tier 3 waters.

Other high quality waters, as identified by the division, are commonly referred to as Tier 2 waters. Other surface waters not specifically identified and/or designated as high quality are referred to as Tier 1 waters. Some Tier 1 waters may be identified by the Division as not meeting existing criteria.

The Division has made a stream tier determination of the receiving waters associated with the subject discharge(s) and has found the receiving stream to be neither a Tier 2 nor Tier 3 water.

Additionally, this water is fully supporting its designated uses. The Department has maintained, and shall continue to assess, the water quality of the stream to assure that the water quality is adequate to protect the existing uses of the stream fully, and to assure that there shall be achieved the highest statutory and regulatory requirements for all new and existing point sources and all cost-effective and reasonable best management practices for nonpoint source control.

Xl.

PERMIT DURATION The proposed limitations meet the requirements of Section 301(b)(2)(A), (C), (D), (E), and (F) of the Clean Water Act as amended. It is the intent of the division to organize the future issuance and expiration of this particular permit such that other permits located in the same watershed and group within the State of Tennessee shall be set for issuance and expiration at the same time. In order to meet the target reissuance date for the Tennessee River (Meigs &

Rhea County) watershed and following the directives for the Watershed Management Program initiated in January 1996. This permit will expire in 2011.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-33 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 1 I

l I

FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS FACIUTY DISCHARGES AND RECEMNG WATERS TVA -Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020168 OUTFALL 101 LONGITUDE LATITUDE

-84.785833 35.593333 FLOW DISCHARGE (MGD)

SOURCE YaHldna PM 1.1 0.0000 Turbine Building Station SumpA" 0_0000 Cooling Tower Blowdown 'W 0.0000 Emergency Raw Cooling Water Discharge "A" 0.0000 Raw Cooling Water Discharge "A" 0,2190 Low Volume Waste Treatment Pond 0.0310 Lined and Unlined Metal Cleaning Waste Treat. Ponds 0.0020 Cooling Tower Desilting Basin 0.0001 Potable Water Line Leaks 0.0200 Servce Building Sump 0.0001 Diesel Generator Building Sump 0.0001 Emergency D/G Building Sump 0.0000 Emergency Raw Cooling Water Strainer Backwash 0.0020 Traveling Screen Backwash 1PS) 0.0001 Condenser Cooling Water Pump Station Sump 0.0010 NaOCI Building Sump 0.0010 Rain Release, Chemical Storage Secondary Containment 0.2000 Once Through Cooling Water. Chillers & Air Coolers 0.0110 Dimineralizer Water Discharges 0.0030 High Pressure Fire Protection Flushes 0.7000 Storm Water Runoff Cooling Tower Blowdown Line

-0.0039 Radioactive Floor and Equipment Drains, Tanks, Sumps

-0.0001 Laboratory Wastes 0-0003 Metal Cleaning Wastes 0.1440 Steam Generator Slowdown 0.0010 Condenser Demineralizer Cleanup 23.8990 Cooling Tower Slowdown Weir 33.8217 TOTAL DISCHARGE (MOD)

RECEMNG STREAM DISCHARGE ROUTE Chickamauga Reservior (Tennessee River Mile 527.9)

STREAM LOW 7Q10 I

1Q10 3002 FLOW ICFS) 4910 1

3190 8500

[MGD

!1 3173 1

2062 1

5545 I

STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS 4WATER QUALITY)

FISH RECREATION IRRIGATION ILW&W DOMESTIC X __

X

-x rtouiTRIAt NAVZTtA1ON X

X Treatment:

Biocide, sedimentation, neutralization, and oil skimming, mixing by submerged multiport diffuser.

Reference:

Flow Duration and Low Flows of Tennessee Streams through 1992 by George S. Law ans Jess D. Weaver.

Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4293 prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in Cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Concervation and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Nashville, Tennessee. 1996, p.57.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-34 of R-67 FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS TVA - Watts Bar Nuclear laent TN00201 68 I

OUTFALL 102 I

I RECEIVING STREAM LONGITUDE

LATITUDE, DISCHARGE ROUTE

-84.791667 35.595833 Unnamed tributary entering Chickamauga Reservior (Tennessee River Mile 527.2)

FLOW DISCHARGE STREAM LOW 7010 I

1010 3002 (MGD)

SOURCE FLOW (CFS)

I 4910 I

3190 8580 0.0000 Yard Holding Pond Oernlow Weir (used only Mhen Outfall (MGD 3173.3 1

2061.7 5545.3 101 diffuser cannot be operated and Yard Holding Pond fills to point of oerflowing). This discharge is STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALITY) typically not used.

FrSH R8EATIRM

• RFATION LW&W DCMMM INDUSTRLAL NAVGATION 0.0000 TOTAL DISCHARGE X

X Treatment:

Biocide, sedimentation, neutralization, and oil skimming, mixing bysubmerged mulliport diffuser.

Reference:

Flow Duration and Low Flows of Tennessee Streams through 1992 by George S. Law ans Jess D. Weaver.

Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4293 prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in Cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Concervation and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Nashville, Tennessee, 1996, p.57.

FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEMNG WATERS TVA -Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020168 ii OUTFALL 103 H

RECEIVING STREAM LONGITUDE LATITUDE DISCHARGE ROUTE

-83_20694 35.59722 Internal monitoring point that discharges through the Yard Holding Pond FLOW DISCHARGE STREAM LOW 7Q10 I

1Q10 3002 lMGD)

SOURCE FLOW (CFS) 0.0 u

0.0 I

0.0 Tutine Building Stationus (MGD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1330 System Leakage and Maintenance 0.000 Con. Demineralizer Cleanup "A" STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALITY) 0.0001 Laboratory Wastes FISH RECREATION ERRlGATIO LW&W DOMESTIC 0.0010 High Pressure Fire Protection Flushes X

X X

X X

0.0001 Potable Water Line leaks mcUisRl,.L NAVIGATION Other Areas X

0.0250 AJum Sludge Supemate 0.0500 Vendor Water Ppurification (RO reject water) 0.0100 Storm water Runoff 0.0001 Drum Dewatering 0.0000 Water Purification Plant 0.219 =

TOTAL DISCHARGE Treatment: Oil skimming, sludge thickening, and neutralization No low stream flow assigned to the internal monitoring point which discharges to the Yard Holding Pond

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-35 of R-67 FACILITY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS TVA -Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020160

[I OUTFALLI17 I

RECEIVING STREAM LONGITUDE LATITUDE DISCHARGE ROUTE

-84.7955 35.6048 Internal monitoring point which discharges through the Yard

[Holding Pond FLOW DISCHARGE

/_STREAM LOW

_7010

_Q_10 Il0P2 (MGD)

SOURCE FLOW (CFS) 0.0 I

0.0 I

0_0 0.0310 Turbine Building Station Sump MGD 0.0 1

00 0.0 0.0001 Drum Rinsing 0.0001 Diesel Generator Coolant STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALITY) 0.0001 Storm Water Runoff FISH RECREATION IRRMGATION LW&W DOMESTIC I

X X

X X

X I

[OD USThTAL NAVIGATION 0.0313 TOTAL DISCHARGE X

Treatment: Oil skimming, sludge thickening, and neutralization No low stream flow assigned to the internal monitoring point which discharges to the Yard Holding Pond FACIUTY DISCHARGES AND RECEMNG WATERS II TVA Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020168 IIOUTFALL'111 RECEIVING STREAM LONGITUDE LATITUDE DISCHARGE ROUTE

-83.19583 35.60417 Internal monitoring point for treated sewage which discharges to the Construction Runoff Holding Pond FLOW DISCHARGE STREAM LOW 1 70 0 1Q10 30Q2 (MGD)

SOURCE FLOW (CFS) 00 I

00 0.0 0.0170 Sewage Treatment Plant IMGD) 00 1

0.0 STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALI1T)

FISH RECREATION IRRIGATION LW&W DOMESTIC X

X X

X X

• IDUISTMAL NAVIGATION 0.0170 TOTAL DI SCHARGE X

Treatment: Chemical oxidation, chemical precipitation, sedimentation.aerated lagoons, flocculation, ammonia Stripping

• No low stream flow assigned to the internal monitoring point which discharges to the Construction Runoff Holding Pond,

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-36 of R-67 I FACIUTY DISCHARGES AND RECEMVNG WATERS "VWA.

Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020168 P

_=t.

FALL 112 1 1 356W01111 RECEIVING STREAM DISCHARGE ROUTE Unnamed tdbutaFr*to Mile 13 of Yellow Creek embayment of Chickamauga Reservior

-84.803056 FLOW DISCHARGE (MGDO SOURCE C.,onstruction Runoff Holding Dond 0-0170 Sewage Treatment Plant 0.0010 Training Center HVAC cooling water 0.0100 High Pressure Fire Protection System flushing 0.0010 Potable Water leaks 0-2180 Storm Water Runoff 0.2470 J

TOTAL DISCHARGE I

STREAM LOW I:

1ft 10JU 1 Q

FLOW ICFS1 0.0 1

0 1

0 (M0GD) 1 0.0 i00 0

FLR1 NAM USE CLASSIFI InrERFAWN RI W

w T nnAFCZL I X

1 V

COUSTIM NAvIGAwtt Treatment: Sedimentation and Oil Skimming No low stream data could be found for this stream. Because of the relatively small drainage area, low flow was estimated to be zero.

I FACIUTY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVING WATERS TVA -Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TNO020168 OUTFALL 113 LONGITUDE LATITUDE

-84.785833 35.593333 FLOW DI SCHARGE tMGD)

SOURCE 129.0 Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (Noncontact) 129.0 TOTAL DISCHARGE RECEIVNG STREAM DISCHARGE ROUTE Discharge via diffuser to Chickamauga Reservior (Tennessee River Mile 529.2)

STREAM LOW 7Q10 1Q10 3OQ2 FLOW (CFS) 4910 1

3190 I

8580 1

jMGD) 11 3173.3 1

2061.7 15545.3 STREAMUSE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALITY)

FISH RECREATnoN RRIGATION LW&W DOMEs-nc X

X X

X X

1oDUSTRIAL NAVGIOAroN x

x ams through 1992 by George S. Law and Jess D_

Treatment: Thermal Mixing

Reference:

Flow Duration and Low Flows of Tennessee Stre Weaver. Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4293 prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in Cooperation with theTennessee Departmentof Environmentand Conservation andtheTennesseeValleyAuthorily, Nashville, Tennessee, 1996, p.57.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-37 of R-67 I

FACIULTY DISCHARGES AND RECEIVNG WATERS TVA -Watts Bar Nuclear Plant TN0020168 OUTFALL 114 ii LONGITUDE LATITUDE

-83.21667 35.62083 FLOW DISCHARGE (MGD)

SOURCE.

0.019 Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (Intake screen backwash) 0.019 TOTAL DISCHARGE RECEIVING STREAM DISCHARGE ROUTE Discharge via Tennessee River@ mile 529,8 STREAM LOW 1Q10 I

1Q10 3002 FLOW ICFS) 4910 3190 I

8580 JMGD) 1 3173 2062 5645 STREAM USE CLASSIFICATIONS (WATER QUALITY)

FISH RECREATION RRIGATION LW&W DOMESTE x

x I

x I

x I

x IN0USTRIAL NAVIGATiON x

x Treatment Screens

Reference:

Flow Duration and Low Flows of Tennessee Streams through 1992 by George S. Law and Jess D.

Weaver. Water Resources Investigations Report 95-4293 prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey in Cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and the Tennessee ValleyAuthority. Nashville, Tennessee, 1996, p.57.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-38 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 2 APPLICABLE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES SIC GROUP 4911, 40 CFR PART 423 STEAM ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING CATEGORY GUIDELINES I ^I.'AN 1If^I "HuE WRAL-rM Qf%

1. 1=0 1 BP~

R BAT.

,, MUN I M LJ:'

11ý UAiLT

MUN I ML¥::

• EFFLUENT

':AVGb.N CON MAXCN1 CON.

AVG. CONGC.

MAX CONC.

Total Suspended Solids 30 100

.. 1.

Oil and Grease 15 20 pH 6.0-9.0 Polychlorinated Biphenyl No Discharge Allowed No Discharge Allowed Compounds METAL CLEANING WASTES BPT BAThýW SUBPART 423.12 J.-

SUBPART.423.13 MONTHLY DAILY MONTHLY.:.

i*,-DZAILY EFFLUENT AVG. CONC.

MAX' CONC.

AVG..CONG.

M:AAX.

C..

CHARACTERISTIC (mg&)

((g/L)

(

(ag/L)

Total Suspended Solids 30 100 Oil and Grease 15 20 PH 6.0-9.0 Copper, Total 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Iron, Total 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Polychlorinated Biphenyl No Discharge Allowed No Discharge Allowed Compounds

_1

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-39 of R-67 APPLICABLE EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS GUIDELINES SIC GROUP 4911,40 CFR PART 423 STEAM ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING CATEGORY GUIDELINES COOLING TOWER BLOWDOWN

• BPTi" A *i*.i '*'"

x*;*

BAT SSUBPART 423.12 *'.~

SUBPART.423.13 :

ý',

.MONTHLY 4~DlL

'z MONTH LY~

DAILYJ 0*_

AX.

MAXONC.ý EFFLUENT "AGC MA C4NC

-AVG. CONC.** MAX NO..

SC'HA'RACTERISTIC.

.,]m/L (rmWL).

mIL Chlorine, Free Available*

0.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 pH 6.0-9.0 Chromium, Total 0.2 0.2 Zinc, Total 1.0 1.0 Priority Pollutants (126) contained in chemicals added for cooling tower No Detectable Amount maintenance, except Chromium and Zinc I

Polychlorinated Biphenyl No Discharge Allowed No Discharge Allowed Compounds NoIDischarg Allowed NoDischargeAllowed ONCE THROUGH COOLING WATER BPT fl SAT SUBPART 423.12 f.1 SUBPART 423.13 MONTHLY DAILY.

MONTHLY

. !:;DAILY

.EFFLUENT AVG. CONC.

MAX CONC.

AVG. CONC;-.

MAX CONC C.HARACTE T

-:**RIS-TIC-':`]

(" WL::

"n:

/w Chlorine, Free Available 0.2 0.5 Chlorine, Total Residual*

0.2 pH 6.0-9.0 Chromium, Total 0.2 0.2 Zinc, Total 1.0 1.0 Polychlorinated Biphenyl No Discharge Allowed No Discharge Allowed Compounds I

Limitation applies to once through cooling water from plants with a total rated electric generating capacity of 25 or more megawatts.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-40 of R-67 APPENDIX 3 PREVIOUS PERMIT LIMITS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 101 Cooling Water, Storm Water and Process Wastewater EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REQUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVG. CONC.

AVG. AMNT.

MAX CONC.

MAX AMNIT.

MSRMNT.

SAMIPLE CHARACTERISTIC (mA)

(lb/dy)

(=Jl)

(Ibly)

FRQNCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD) 1 Continuous Recorder 1 C ertification of Instream Flow of Report as Yes/No I/Month Operation 3,500 CS when required Records pH 2

Range 6.0 - 9.0 2/Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Month Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 1/Month Grab CHROMIUM, TOTAL 2.0 2.0 WAIVED 6 Grab ZINCTOTAL 1.0 1.0 2/Month Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2.1 0.10 0.10 5/Week Grab 2 3 TEMPERATURE, Effluent 4 35 0C Continuous Recorder IC25 5 25% Inhibition Concentration shall be >2.4% effluent Semi-annual Composite5 There shall be no discharge of PCBs.

Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD). In the event that the continuous low monitor is out of seruce, flow monitoring shall be estimated by intake pump logs.

2 pH and TRC analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The acceptable methods for detection and reporting of total residual chlorine are mferenced in Part I, Section B. Monitoring Procedures, subsection 3.

Test Procedures, paragraph b.

4 When the temperature monitoring equipment fails, monitoring will be done once per day. Reasonable and timely effort will be made to restore the temperature recorder to operation as soon as possible. See Part III for further temperature requirements.

5 See Part III for methodology.

6 Monitoring for chromium is waived per 40 CFR 122.44 (a)(2)(1). See Rationale for more comments.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-41 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 102 Cooling water, StDOmate runoff and Process Wastwater

!P~LIJ~NT LIMITATIONS MONITORING E FFL U E NT L IMITATIO NS EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS REQUIREMENTS MONTHLY DAILY EFFLUENT AVG.CONC.

AVG..NM.

MAXCONC.

MA.XA.MNT MISRMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC (tRRN)

(Cdy)

(MZ)

(IWy)

• ROCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD)

Report (MGD) 1 1/Day Instantaneous C erdtifcalon of Instri~am FlOW Of

_Report as Yes/No 1l/Month 5 Operation 3,500 cft when required Records pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 2/Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Month6 Grab OIL & GREASE' 15.0 20.0 1/Month 6 Grab CHROMIUM, TOTAL 2.0 2.0 WAIVED6 Grab ZINC,TOTAL 1.0 1.0 2/Month 6 Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL 23 (TRC),

3 0.10 0.10 52/eek Grab TEMPERATURE, Effluent 35°C 1/Day Grab IC25 4 25% inhbition Concentration shall be >2.4% effluent Semi-annual4 Composite 4

There shall be no discharge of PCBs.

Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

2 pH and TRC analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The acceptable methods for detection and reporting of total residual chlorine are referenced inPart I, Section B. Monitoring Procedures, subsection 3.

Test Procedures, paragraph b.

Sampling and analysis required only it discharge is operated 30 days or more during the semi-annual periods January through June or July through Decemberand If all toxicity testing requirements hfaw not already been completed for Outfall 101. See Part Ill for methodology.

Certification shall be made during any month that a discharge occurs from this outfall.

6 If there is discharge during 1 or more days from this outfall, sampling is required to comply with the maximum daily limit. If there are two or more separate days of discharge, or a continuous discharge during 5 or more consecutie days Tror this outfall, 2 samples are required to comply with the measurement Monitoring for chromium is waived per 40 CFR 122.44 (a)(2)(1). See Rationale for more comments.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-42 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFAL L 111 (Intmal Monitoring Point)

Treatd S anitaryWaswotsr EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REOUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVO. NCo. I"Av..,n.

MAX CONe.

MA..,.

MSRMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC

(.&A)

(id~ ay) tra11) 1 (lbdy)

FaQNCY.

nY E

FLOW Report (MGD)

Report (MGD)

Continuous Recorder BOD5 30.0 45.0 1/Week Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 45.0 1/Week Grab SETTLEABLE SOLIDS 1.0 mV_

2/Week Grab E. COLI See footnote 3 I/Week Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL 2._

(TRC)2,4 2.0 5/Week Grab 2,4 Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

2 TRC analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The wastewater discharge for Outfall 111 must be dlsentected to the extent that sable coliform organisms are effectively eliminated. The concentration of E. cog after disenfection shall not exceed 126 per 100 ml as the geometric mean based on a minimun of 10 samples, collected from a given sampling site over a period of not more than 30 consecutive days with Indiridual samples being collected at intervals not less than 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br />. For the purpose of determining the geometric mean, individual samples having an E. coil concentration of less than one (1) per 100 ml. shall be considered as having a concentration of one (1) per 100 ml. Where less than 10 samples are made per month, the permlttee shall use an arthilmetlo mean rather than the geometric mean. In the absence of a method in 40 CFR, Pail 136 for measuring E. coli in effluent matnces, the permittee shall use methods proposed or added to Part 136 for measuring E. coli in ambient water.

4 TRC monitoring shall be applicable when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added. The acceptable methods for detection and reporting of total residual chlorine are referenced In Part I, Section B. Monitoring Procedures, subsection 3. Test Procedures, paragraph b.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 112 C onslinucfion Yard Holding Pond -Sonmn Runoff EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REQUIREMENTS EFFLUENT

.. ONC....

AI3V.

MAX CONC.

RMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC

(-A) l.-,

ln=1)l (lb/day)

IFRQNCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 j

Report (MGD) 1 /Week Estimate' PH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.5 1/Week Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS Crss) 30.0 100.0 1/Week Grab NrFROGEN, AMMONIA TOTAL 1.24 2.48 1/Week Grab DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.)

5.0 Min.

1/Week Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2' 3

0.011 0.019 1/Week Grab IC25' 25% Inhibition Concentration shall be > 100% Effluent Semi-annual Composite 4 Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGO) and shall be estimated based on measurement at existing weir.

2 pH and TRC analyses shell be performed within fifteen (16) minutes of sample collection.

3 rFIC monitoring shall be applicable when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added. The acceptable methods for detection and reporting of total residual chlorine are referenced in Part I, Section e. Monitoring Procedures, subsection 3. Test Procedures, paragraph b.

4 See Part III for methodology

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-43 of R-67 TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 113 Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONIT ORING MflNTHI Y OAL[Y EFFLUENT AVG. CONC.

AVG. AMNT A.

MSRMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC

(.B/)

(bdly)

(ragy)

(ldfy)

FRQNCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD) 1 Continuous Recorder C ertifllcallon of Ins#Wem Flow of Report as Yes/No l/Month Operation 3.500 ClS whMen required Records pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 1/Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Month Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL t

(TRC) Z s, 0.092 0.158 l/Month6 Grab DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.)

Report Min.

1/Month Grab TEMPERATURE, Effluent Report Effluent Temperature 4 Hourly Recorder 7 TEMPERATURE, Edge 30.500 Hourly Recorder 7 of Mixing Zone TEMPERATURE, Rise 3 °C Hourly Calculated 7 Upstream to Downstream TEMPERATURE, Rate of Change,

°2 C/Hour Hourly Calculated 7

°C per hour TEMPERATURE, Receiving 33.5 °C Hourly Recorded Stream Bottom IC25 5 25% Inhibition Concentration shall be >7.6% effluent Semi-annual Composite5 Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

2 pH and TRC analyses shall be performed within fiteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The acceptable methods for detection and reporting of total residual chlorine are referenced in Part I, Section B. Monitoring Procedures, subsection 3.

Test Procedures, paragraph b.

4 See text below table for requirements.

5 See Part III for methodology 0

Sampling for TRC shall be 5/Week during periods when the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) system is in operation.

7 See additional (bulleted) comments in permit. Begins on page 8 of 27.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-44 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 4 HISTORICAL MONITORING DATA monitoring perod TSS TSS O&G Res idual Chlorine, Total.

Temperature, for Ouffall 10t Fo el MnIH Max.

MAvg Dr, ax UAI,;~ O&G Dt,!x Chlorine.

D~lax Zinc, Total. 1.lA4g Zinc. Total, DTax Effluent, Dmax Total R e TPog Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 15 20 0.10 0.10 1.0 1.0 350C 3/31/2005 67,008 7.8 7.9 6

6 5.0 5.0 002 0.04 0-14 0.51 16 4/30/2005 7143 6

861 6

6 0.0 0.0 0

0 0.01 0.01 24 5/3112005 59.951 82 8&5 8

a 5.0 5.0 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 27 6/30/2005 53.743 8-2 8.3 0

8 6.0 5.0 002 0.02 0.06 0.12 32 7/31/2005 60.412 7.8 8.2 8

8 5.0 5.0 0.02 0.03 0.48 0.94

.32 8/31/2005 61.132 7.5 7.8 4

4 5.0 5,0 0,05 0,05 0.03 0U05 32 9130t2000 41.22 8.1 H.6 6

6 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.04 0-04 31 10/31/2005 58.36 8.3 8.3 6

6 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0 03 0.03 30 11/30/2005 51.343 7.8 8.7 16 16 5.0 5.0 0,05 0.07 0.02 0,02 24 12/31/2005 42.205 7.1 8.2 4

4 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.01 19 1/31/2006 69.06a 7.9 8.3 4

4 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 24 2/2O/2006 80.915 7.9 8

4 4

5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 18 3131/2006 66.457 7.6 8.2 8

8 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 22 4/30/2006 62.959 8.4 8.4 0

8 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.09 0.01 0.01 24 5/31/2006 52.72 8.3 8.4 6

6 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.09 0.06 0.11 28 6/30/2006 70.547 6.9 8.5 8

9 5.0 5.0 0.06 0.07 0 13 0,15 28 7/3112001 61.192 7.6 9

8 10 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.05 31 8/31/2006 65,049 7.3 8.7 10 13 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 31 9/30!2006 54.096 7.9 8.4 9

9 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.16 0.21 30 10/31/2006 71.951 7.4 7.4 0

8 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.19 24 11/30/2006 60.689 7.6 7.8 4

4 6.0 5.0 005 0.05 0.02 0.02 17 12/31/2006 50.744 7.6 7.8 5

5 5.0 6.0 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.02 18 1/31/2007 79.241 7.6 7.7 6

6 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.02 23 2./2/2007 72.709 7.7 7.8 3

3 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.05 0H01 0.01 19 3/31/12007 72.181 T.

7.8 7

8 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.01 27 4130/2007 56.033 7.7 7.9 6

6 6.0 6.0 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 25 5131/2007 57.637 7.7 7.8 3

3 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.03 27 6/30/2007 6.487 7.7 7.8 5

5 5.3 5.3 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.14 31 7/31/2007 51.006 7.8

8.

6 6

5.6 5.6 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.04 29 8/31/2007 53.287 7.7 7.8 6

6 5.4 5.4 BDL BDL 0.07 0.09 32 913012007 61.968 7.6 7.9 6

6 5,6 5.6 0.06 0.08 0.04 0.04 31 10/31/2007 53,567 7.9 B.

8 8

BDL BODL BDL BDL 0.3 0.04 29 11/30/2007.

55.738 7.4 7.8 8

8 5.6 5.6 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 24 12/31/2007 68.589 77 7.9 15 15 5.3 5.3 BDL BDL BDL BDL 23 1V31./2006 66.907 7.5 7.6 3

3 6.0 5.0 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.01 18 2/28N2008 71.093 7.9 8.4 9

9 1.9 1.9 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.02 24 3131/2008 83.773 7,9 803 7

7 5.0 5.0 0.05 0.09 0.01 0.01 22 4/30/2008 64-775" 7.7 8.1 9

9 5.0 5.0 005 0.05 0.03 0.03 26 513112008 87.671 7.6 7.8 12 12 5.5 5.6 0.05 0.07 0A11 0.18 28 6/30/2008 94.131 8,

8.

4 4

5.3 5.3 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 32 7/31/2008 82.482 7.8 8

10 10 5.6 5.6 0.06 0.07 005 0.10 31 8.,'3112006 102.937 7.6 7.9 7

7 5.2 5.2 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.12 32 9!130!2006 108.107 7.6 7.7 11 11 5.2 5.2 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.09 31 10/31/2008 93.129 7.8 7.9 4

4 5.0 5H0 0.05 0.05 0.14 0.20 28 11/30/2008 83.773

0.

0.3 0

0 5.0 5,0 0.05 0.05 0,04 0.04 23 12/31/2008 73.519 7.8 0.4 4

4 5:.

5.5 0.05 0.05 0,04 0.05 23 1/31/2009 65.15 7.7 7.9 7

7 5.3 5.3 0.05 0.05 0 01 0.01 20 TSS T$S 0&G Res ide, Reaidual Chloorine.

Tctal, Temperature.

Flw DLIa lln

H Max n5

.,g Df~lax M.vq 0&G Wax

Chlorine, EsIds:

Zinc, Total, Mft~l; Zinc. Total.

Snux EffluesLaDrnax Total, tA'g Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 15 20 0.10 0.10 1.0 1.0 35'C Awerage 67.43 NA NA 7.0 7.2 5.0 5.0 0.046 0.055 0.055 0.087 25.957

/Minimum rA 6.90 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

[Maximum 100 107 NA 9.00 16 16 6

6 0.060 0.090 0.480 0,940 32.000 Exceedances 7A 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 D

Count 47 47 47 47 47 46 46 44 44 46 46 47

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-45 of R-67 Monitoring IS TSS O&G Residua Residual Chlorine T

inecoal, Temerature, period for Flow D~ax pH Min pH Max M.q OMax IOAv 0&G DMax Chlorine, Wax Zic, Total tAeg

Zinc, Total, DMax Effluent, Dmx Outfall 102 Total, MAyg Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 15 20 0.10 0.10 1.0 1.0 35PC 2/2812005 24043 8.1 8.1 6

6 5

5 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 12 3/31/2005 16.310 7.50 7.70 5

5 5

5 0.03 0.06 0,01 0.01 12 ResidualTeretu, TSS TSS O&

Residual Chlorine,

Tota, TeZax

perature, Flow DMax pH Min pHM8* MAx g

Dax O&G DOax Chlnrine.

Zinc, Total,,Ayg Zinc. Total, Dgax Flow Dlhax p11 Totat MAng PermitlimM MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 15 20 0.10 0.10 1.0

,1.0 350C Average 20.18 NA NA 5.5

.5 5.0 5.0 0.025 0'040 0.010 0.010 12.000 VMinimum NA 0.00 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA MaIximum 24.043 NA 8.10 6

6 5

5 0.030 0.060 0.010 0.010 12.000 Exceedances NA 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

INount 0

2 2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-46 of R-67 Monitoring Flow TSS TSS O&G O&G period for pH Min pH Maw CgUtfmlI 103 pMax MA~v DMax MAvg DMax Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 15 20 3/31/2006 0-359 8-8 7_1 8

9 5.0 5_0 4/30/2005 0_312 8_8 7_9 4

4 BDL BDL 5/31/2005 0-266 8 8 7.9 6

6 5-0 5_0

.6/30/2005 0_185 8_8 7.5 7

8 5.0 5_0 713112005 0-017 8_6 7_4 10 15 5.0 5.0 8/31/2005 0.02 8_7 8_1 4

5 50..

5.0 9/30/2005 0 09 7.8 7.2 12 12 5.0 5-0 10/31/2005 0.208 8.9 7-4 10 15 5.0 5.0 11/30/2005 0-196 7.8 7.5 11 14 5_0 6.0 12/31/2005 0-163 8.4 7.1 8

8 5.0.

5.0 1/31/2006 0_237 8_2 7.5 9

10 5.0 5_0 2128/2006 0.17 8.8 7.3 12 19 5.0 5_0 3/31/2006 0-022 8.9 7.5 18 1

65 5_0 5-0 4/30/2006 0-022 8.4 7.7 9

12

._0 5.0 5/31/2006 0_022 8

7.1 8

11 5_0 5.0 6/30/2006 0_022 8.8 7.2 7

9 5_0 5_0 7/31/2006 0.022 8.1 7

4 5

5.0 5.0 8/31/2006 0_02.2 8.6 8-2 8

10 5.0 5.0 9/30/2006 0.022 8_7 7

11 14 5_0 5.0 10/31/2006 0-013 7.4 8_6 7

8 5.0 5_0 11130/2006 0.013 7.9 8.5 4

6 6.0 5_0 12/31/2006 0.013 7.7 8_3

.3 4

5.0 5.0 1/31/2007 0.120 7.6 8_3 2

3 6.0 5.0 2/28/2007 0-021 7-8-2 6

10 5.0 5.0 3/31/2007 0.095 8-3 8.4 4

4 6-0 6.0 4/3012007 0.022 8_2 8_5 6

7 5.0 6.0 5/31/2007 0.022 8.7 8.7 14 18 5.0 6.0 6/30/2007 0-022 7.9 8_5 7

8 5.4 5.6 7/31/2007 0.022 7.3 8.7 6

6 6.5 7.4 8/31/2007 0.022

7.

8.8 9

12 5.2 5.3 9/30/2007 0-022 7.7 8.6 5

5 5.6 5.6 10/31/2007 0-022 7.3 7.8 5

5 5.9 5-9 11/30/2007 0-021 8.6 8.6 4

4 5.6 5.6 12/31/2007 0.013 8.7 8.7 6

6 5-3 5.3 1/31/2008 0.022 8.2 8.9 4

4 5.3 5.6 2/28/2008 0.021 7.2 8_6 7

7 3.6 5

3/31/2008 0_524 8.6 8.9 6

6 5

5 4/30/2008 0.375 8.3 8.8 10 14 5

5/31/2008 0.297 7.1 8_6 6

7 5.3 5.6 6/30/2008 0-311 7.6 8_3 6

6 5.5 5.6 7/31/2008 0.187 7.4 8.8 7

8 a 6-5 5-6 8/31/2008 0-229 7.6, 8.4 8

10 5-3 5.3 9/30/2008 0.295 8_5 8_7 7

8 5_3 5.3 10/31/2008 0.273 8_3 8.8 6

6 5

5 11/30/2008 0.235 7.9 8.9 8

10 5._2 5.3 12/331/2008 0_238 8.2 8.9 7

9 5

5 S 1/31/2009 0.173 7.4 8.7 5

6 5

5 Flow HH Min PH Max TSS TSS 0&0 O&G DM a x M

MAyvg DMax MAvg DMax Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30ý 100 15 20 Average 0.13 NA NAk 7.2 9.8 5.2 5.3 Minimum NA 7.00 NA

.NA NJA NA NA Maximum 0.524 NA 8_90 18 65 7

7 Exceedanoes NA 0

0 0

0 0

0 Count 47 47 47 47 47 46 46 Outfall 107 discharges as a batch discharge. All data presented as historical data.

Additional intermittent discharge from condenser tube cleaning wastewater. Filtered to 5 microns for asbestos.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-47 of R-67 Monitoring Flow TSS TSS O&G O&G CopperPhosphorus, period for W

pH M pH Max

Total, Copper: Total, DMax Iron, Total, MA, 0 Iron.

Total. DMax Total, MAvg Total, DMax Outfall 107 OMax MAv1 OMax MAy0 DMax MATo Permit limit MGD Re Report 30 30 15 15 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3131f2005 0.001 8.5 8.5 5

5 5

5 0

0 0.4 0.4 0

0 413012005 5131.12006 6130/20052.6 0.5 8.6 2

2 5

5 0

0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7131/2005 8/31/2005 2.426 8.4 8.4 7

7 5

5 0

0 0

0 0.1 0.1 9./30/2005 10/31/2005 11/30/2005 12/31/2005 1/3112006 2./28/2006 2,35 8.3 8.3 4

4 5

5 0

0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3/31/2006 4/30/2006 5/31/2006 6/30/2006 3.15 8.4 8.4 4

4 5

5 0

0 01 0.1 0.2 02 7/31,/2006 0/3112006 9/30,2006 0

8.6 8.6 7

7 5

5 0

0 03 03 0.1 0.1 10/311V2006 1.44 8.2 8.2 8

8 5

5 0

0 0.0 0.0 02 0-2 11/30r2006 12131/2006 1/31/2007 2/2812007 3/3112007 4/30/2007 5/31/2007 6/30/2007 7/31/2007 8/3112007 9310/20007 10/31/2007 11/30/2007 1.225 8.1 8.1 1

1 56 5.6 0

0 01 01 07 0.7 12,31,2007 1/31/2008 2812008 3/31/2008 2.5 84 8.5 1.3 1.3 5

5 0

0 02 02 01 01 4/30/2008 5/3112060 613012008 7/3112008 8/31.12008 9/30/2008 10/312008 11130/2008 12/31.12008 Flow TSS TSS O&G O&G

Copper, DMax pHi M

DMax pMa DMax Total.

Copper, Total, DMax Iron.

Total, MAvg Iron.

Total. DMax Phosphorus. Totploojo.

Mkxvg0 D x M~g O~xTotal.

Mkvg Total. DMax MAvg____

Permit limit MGD Report Report 30 30 15 15 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Average 1.74 NA NA 4.4 4.4 5.1 5.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 Minimum NA 8.10 1A NA HA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Maximum 3.150 NA 860 8

8 0 6

6 0.0 0.0 0.4.

04 0.7 0.7 Exceedances 4A NA HA 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 Coaunt 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

9 9

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-48 of R-67 Monitoring Flow

BODS, 1OD5ý TSS TSS Set.

E.coli..

Geo.

period for OMax Mavg Dmax MAvg DMax Solids Residual Chlorine, Total. DMax Meanl1O Outfall 111 DMax samples Permit limit MGD 30.0 45.0 30 45 1.0 mliL 2.0 1261100 ml 3/31312005 0023 9

15 6

7 0.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 2

4/3012005 0.032 3

5 2

2 0.1 1

5/31/2005 0.019 2

3 4

4 0.1 1

6/30/2005 0.014 2

2 2

4 0.1 1

7/31/2005 0.022 2

2 2

2 0.1 1

8/31/2005 0.021 2

3 1

2 0.1 1

9/30/2005 0.015 2

2 2

2 0.1 3

10/31/2005 0.015 2

2 2

4 0.1 1

11V30/2005 0.019 3

7 6

12 0.1 1

12-31/2005 0.020 2

2 5

7 0.1 0.05 6

1/31/2006 0.032 2

2 10 17 0.1 1

2/28/2006 0.023) 2 2

7 10 0.1 1

3/3112006 0.020 2

2 11 14 0.1 4

4/30/2006 0.039 3

4 8

9.

0-1 7.

5f31,12006 0.022 2

2 4

8 0.1 2

6/3012006 0.016 2

3 3

4 0.1 2

7/31/2006 0.015 2

2 3

4 0.1 2

8/31/2006 0.030 2

2 3

6 0.1 2

9/30/2006 0.048 7

12 5

11 01 2

10/31/2006 0052 13 29 3

5

.1 3

11/30/2006 0.064 4

9 2

3

.1 1

12(31/2006 0.028 2

2 3

7

.1 1

1/31/2007 0-025 2

2 5

9

.1 1

2/28/2007 0.016 6

8 8

19

.1 1

3/31/2007 0-022 2

2 2

2

.1 1

4/30/2007 0.019 2

2 2

4

.1 1

&.'31/2007 0.014 2

2 2

4

.1 2

6/30/2007 0.016 5

5 2

3

.1 1

7/31/2007 0.015 5

5 3

5

.1 2

8/31/2007 0.013 5

5 2

4

.1 2

9/30/2007 0.016 5

5 1

2

.1 2

10/31/2007 0-012 5

5 2

3

.1 1

11/30/2007 0.019 5

5 2

6

.1 1

12/31/2007 0.023 5

5 BDL BDL

.1 1

1/31/2008 0.046 8

22 2

4

.1 1

2/28/2008 0.074 5

5 4

6

.1 2

3/31/2008 0-048 6

12 7

12

.1 2

4/30/2008 0.032 5

5 4

6

-3 13 5/31/2008 0.028 5

5 3

5

.3 11 6/30/2008 0.023 5

6 2

3

.1 18 7/31/2008 0.023 9

22 3

7

-2 3

8/31/2008 0.008 5

5 2

2

.1 10 9/30/2008 No Discharge 10/31/2008 No Discharge 11/30/2008 No Discharge 1213112008 No Discharge.

1/31/2009 No Discharge Flw1 1

Set.

~oi.

e Flow BOD5 8OD5 TSS TSS Ecli., Geo.

D~x Mv mx Mv

~x Solids Residual Chlorine, Total, Dl~ax Meani1 0 DMax Mavg Dmax MAvg DMax Oa DMax samples Permit limit MGD 30.0 45.0 30 45 1.0 mUL 2.0 126;100 ml AVerage 0.03 NA NA 3.7 60 01 01 2-905 Minimum NA 2,00 NA NA NA NA NA NA Maximum 0074 NA 29 00 11 19 0

0 18.000 Exceedances NA 0

0 0

0 0

0 42 Count 42 42 42 41 41 42 1

42

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-49 of R-67 Monitoring TSS TSS Ammonia, Ammonia, Dsoed ReoidololChiorino.

Tol Ral, uiClrn. oa.Oa Monitoring Nitrogen Nitrogen Disle period for Flow oMax pH Min pH Max TSS DSS

Tota, Toni,

Oxygen, 1.1A.ag Residual Chlorine. 7 otal, 00,aax Outfall 112 MAvg D Max Omax Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.5 30 100 1.24 2.48 5.0 Imin.)

0,011 0.019 3/3112005 0.664 7

7.8 16 24 0.04 0.07 7.8 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 4/3012005 0.664 6-9 7-4 10 12 0_09 0.16 8.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 513112006 0-457 6.9 8.3 16 24 0.21 0.58 7.0 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 6/30/2005 0.367 8.1 9

23 33 0.18 0656 5.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 7/31/2005 0.100 7.7 8.7 9

11 0.15 0.22 6.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period B/3112005 0.364 8_1 8.6 15 24 0.08 0.12 7.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 9/30/2005 0.653 8.4 8_8 8

11 0.22 0.26 5.5 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 10/31/2005 0.035 83 9.2 9

14 0.18 0.34 6.6 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 11130/2005 0.066 7.2 7.6 8

10 1.38 1.9 5.3 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 12/3112005 0.186 6.6 8

14 18 0.08 019 9.0 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 1/31/2006 0.654 7.1 8.3 16 20 0.04 0.05 8.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 2J28/2006 0.654 7.4 8.4 25 36 0.01 0.01 14.3 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 3/31/2006 0.233 7.3 8.9 22 38 0.02 0.06 9.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 4/30/2006 0.654 6.9 7.3 8

10 0.26 0.32 5.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 5/31/2006 0.285 7

7.7 12 18 0.1 0.21 5.3 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 6/30/2006 0.039 7.9 7.9 22 22 0.06 0-06 5.3 Conditional Moniloring - Not Required This Period 7/31/2006 0.01 7.1 8.9 17 22 0.08 0.13 5.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 8/31/2006 0.291 6.9 7.5 15 18 0.3 0.34 5.1 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 9/3012006 0.654 6.9 7.4 12 15 0.29 0 32 5.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 10131/2006 0.65 7.0 7.4 15 42 0.25 0.51 6.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 11/30/2006 0.40 7.0 7.2 9

14 0.08 0.13 8.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 1213112006 0.38 7.0 8.6 18 28 003 0.07 8.8 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 1/3112007 0.65 6.9 8.4 9

14 0.04 0.10 8.3 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 2/28/2007 0.22 7.4 8.2 10 12 0.13 0.25 10.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 3/311/2007 0.38 6.9 8.3 8

10 0.21 0.56 5.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 4/30/2007 0.65 6.9 7.6 13 15 0.22 0.59 6.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 5/31/2007 0.13 6.9 8_4 22 30 0.14 0.20 6.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 6/30/2007 0.39 7.2 9.0 16 30 0.22 0.54 5.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 7/31/2007 0.07 8.4 8_8 12 17 0.20 0.61 5.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 8/31/2007 0.11 7.9 8.4 23 38 0.14 0.19 5.3 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 9/30/2007 0.07 7.1 8.3 8

11 0.20 0.38 6.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 10/31/2007 0.26 7.9 8.7 9

11 0.16 0.22 6.8 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 11/3012007 0.65 6.9 8_5 10 22 0.45 0.93 5.1 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 12/31/2007 0.08 6.6 7.8 10 16 0.28 0.41 7.0 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 1/3112008 0.31 6.9 7.0 7

8 0.14 0.23 8.4 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 2128/2008 0.65 6.9 7.0 7

14 0.26 0.40 6.3 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 33112008 0.65 7.0 7.4 7

10 0.19 0.36 8.3 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 4/3012008 0.65 7.2 7.8 10 17 0.13 0.16 6.0 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 5/31/2008 0.36 7.5 9.0 21 36 0.14 0.21 7.4 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 6/30/2008 0.34 8.7 9.2 20 26 0.26 0.06 3.9 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 7/31/2008 0.35 8.1 9.1 13 29 0.47 1.00 5.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 8/31/2008 0.65 7.0 9.1 8

9 0.24 0.32 5.4 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 9/30/2008 0.61 7.8 7.9 13 13 0.10 0.10 5.1 Conditional Monitoring-Not Required This Period 10/3112008 0.41 7.8 8.7 16 24 0.10 0.10 7.2 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 11/30(2008 0.07 7.1 8.6 20 37 0.27 0.61 6.9 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 12131!2008 0.45 7.1 8.5 11 17 0.15 0.33 7.7 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period 1/31/2009 0.46 7.1 7.5 4

6 0.34 0.83 8.4 Conditional Monitoring - Not Required This Period Nitrogen l,*11rogen Dissolved Flow DOlax pH Min pH tMax TOg TSS Ammonia. Ammoniae. O n

Ridua Chlorine, 7313l.

Rcsiual Chlorine. Total. DOlax MA'vg OWtax Total,

Total, Oaxygen..

MAvg 0Max Dmax Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.5 30 100 1.24 2.48 5.0 (min.)

0.011 0.019 Average 0.38 NA

.A 13.3 19.9 0.2 0.3 6.8 NA Minimum NA 6.60 RA NA NA NA NA 5.1 NA Maximum 0.664 NA 9.20 25 42 138 1.90 14.3 NA

_xceedances NA 0

0 0

0 1

0 0

NA Count 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 NA

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-50 of R-67 Residual Residua!

Monitoring Clorine. ChDirne, ODsn&ue.

TEMPERTURE, Rise TEPERATUEC, TEMP ERATURE.

paidfor Flow TS IS To otl ga.RTh d

A RatC of Change, Receiving p dTSS TSS Ttal Total, Oxygen.

TEOaATUa.

Edge Upst'earnto

'C per hour Stream Bottm Outfall 113 DMax p Min pH Max MAvq DMax Li.*g Ovax Umax TEMIIRATRE, Eftent a' Mixing Zone Downstream Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 0,092 0,158 Rpt lmtn.

Report 30.5 0C 3 'C 2 '(:lour 33,5 'C 3/31/2005 49.49 Operation Shutdown 20 12.2 1

0 13.6 4,3(Y2005 193.64 8.2 8.2 5

6 BOL BDL 7.9 26 16.9 1

0 16,9 5/3112005 190.62 8.2 8.2 4

4 0.02 0.03 72 30 21.5 1

1 22.1 61302005 207.92 8.4 8.4 4

4 0.02 0.02 7.3 32 25.1 1

1 26.3 713112005 199.98 8.3 6.3 4

4 0.02 0.04 7.0 34 26.4 1

1 26.8 8/31/2005 206.55 8.1 8.1 1

1 0.05 0.05 72 34 28.1 1

1 28.4 9/30/2005 207.89 8.1 8.1 2

2 0.05 0.05 7.3 32 27.3 0

0 28.0 10/31/2005 198.01 8.2 6.2 5

5 0.05 0.05 9.0 30 25.2 0

1 26.0 11/30/2006 18629 8.1 6.1 6

6 0.05 0.05 9.3 27 18.5 1

1 19.1 12/31/20051 155.17 6.5 6

2 2

0.05 0.05 9.2 24 12.8 2

1 14.4 1/3112006 152.36 8.3 8.3 3

3 0.05 0.05 8.7 25 9.4 2

1 10.9 2(28/2006 133.75 8

8 6

6 0.05 0.05 8.3 24 9.8 1

2 10.7 3/3112006 128.03 8.2 8.2 5

6 0.06 0.06 9.0 28 13.1 1

1 13.2 4/30/2006 137.66 8.3 8.3 4

4 0.05 0.05 7.6 29 19.7 2

1 19.9 5/31/2006 148.74 7.8 7.8 3

3 0.05 0.05 79 31 21.11 1

1 21.4 613012006 117.31 8.4 8.4 5

6 0.05 0.05 7.4 32 26.3 1

1 26.7 7131/2006 222.97 8.3 8.3 4

4 0.05 0.05 7.2 34 28.1 1

1 28.5 8,U1/2006 235.77 8.4 8.4 3

3 0.05 0.05 6.6 34 28.7 1

0 292 9,/3012006 233.66 8.2 8.2 3

3 0.05 0.05 6.0 32 27.9 0

0 28.4 10/31/2006 28.99 7.6 7.6 1

1 0.05 0.05 72 25 22.8 0

0 22.

11/3012006 182.73 7.6 7.6 3

3 0.05 0.05 11.7 22 16.7 1

0 16.9 12131/2006 189.48 7.6 76 4

4 0.05 0.07 9.0 26 12.6 2

1 13.1 1/31.2007 169.02 7.4 7.4 4

4 0.05 0.05 10.3 26 11.3 1

1 12.1 2/28!2007 143.74 7.7 7.7 2

2 0.05 0.05 0.1 25 7.8 1

1 10.1 YA31N2007 188.17 7.5 7.7 4

4 0.05 0.07 7.7 29 13.8 2

1 144 4/3012007 189.71 7.4 7.4 5

5 0.05 0.06 9.2 29 16.0 1

1 16.7 6/31/2007 205.98 7.7 7.6 5

5 0.05 0.05 7.4 30 21.9 1

1 21.9 6/30/2007 213-74 7.8 7.8 4

4 0.05 0.05 6.4 32 26.3 1

1 26.4 7/31/2007 220.48 7.9 7.9 6

6 0.05 0.05 7.3 32 26.7 1

1 27.0 8/3112007 222.11 7.9 7.9 3

3 BDL BDL 7.2 34 28.3 1

1 28.6 9/3012007 216.97

8.

8.0 2

2 0.05 0.05 7.7 32 27.9 1

0 27.9 10131/2007 211.44 7.7 7.7 3

3 BOL BDL 84 31 26.6 1

1 26.1 11/3012007 212.83 7.6 7.6 7

7 0.05 0.06 8.8.

28 21.6 1

1 20.8 12131/2007 174.73

8.

8.0 5

5 BOL BOL 9.1 26 14.1 1

1 13.7 1/3112008 164,88 7.6 7.6 3

3 0,05 0.05 7.9 26 12.4 2

1 102 2K2112008 175.61 7.6 7.6 4

4 0.05 0.05 8.4 28 10.6 1

1 8.4 3131/2008 157.60 7.2 7.2 9

9 0.05 0.05 7.9 26 12.3 1

1 14.9 4130/2008 166.35

8.

8.0 4

4 0.05 0.05 7.8 29 18.2 1

1 17.2 5/31/2008 194,86

8.

8.0 3

3 0.05 0.05 7.6 31 20.9 1

1 21.1 6/30/2008 193.15 7.9 7.9 3

3 0.05 0.05 7.6 33 26.3 1

2 26.3 7/31/2008 190.01 8.1 6.1 3

3 005 0.05 8.0 34 27.2 1

0 27.3 8131/2008 185.68 7.9 7.9 3

3 0.05 0.05 7.4 34 28.3 1

0 28.2 9/30/2000 187.03

8.

8.0 5

6 0.05 0.05 H0 32 26.6 1

1 26.2 1013112008 184.67 79 7.9 6

6 0.05 0.05 8.1 30 25.1 1

0 24.8 11/30/2008 174.79 8.4 8.4 5

5 0.05 0.05 9,2 20 26.0 1

0 18.3 12/31!2008 162.15 8.4 8.4 4

4 1 0.06 0.05 9.0 13 26.0 1

1 11.6 1V31/2009 17126 8.0 8.0 5

5 0.05 0.05

9.

25 10.1 1

0 8.9 Resdual Residual TI.PERE. T IPEATU*,

Chlorine, CDiane, OMucked r.IIPO.TUqE. Rise Rate of Changet Receiring Flow TSS TSS Total. Tltat

Oxygen, 71EtPERAhR.E.

Edge Uetream tc CC per hour Stream Bottom DMax pH Mir pH Max MAvg DMax LIA,,g Dtax Omex IOEMPER4TURO, Effluent of Mixing Zone Downstream Permit limit MGD 6.0 9.0 30 100 0.092 0.158 Rpt. (min.

Report 30.5 'C 3 'C 2 "Ci~our 33.5 'C Average 178.38 NA NA 40 4.0 0.0 0.0 8.091 28.723 20.477 1.043 0766 20.243 Minimum NA 6.50 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Maximum 235.772 NA 8.50 9

9 0.05 0.07 11.700 34.000 23.700 2.000 2.000 29.200 Exceedances RA 0

0 0

0 0

0 46 NA 0

0 0

0 Count 47 46 46 46 46 42 42 46 47 47 47 47 47

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-51 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5a AMBIENT MONITORING DATA I

M"

" ENT'ON*

• • R" DATA V

~

g ENNESER ~MLEE529.

WPC STATINDIENNE5295RHb 04

~.

.:j~

pH Sd.Urs 7.7 8.26 7.8 7.6B 7.71 7.78 7.3 7.7 7.71 7.65

.37 7.74 Fi~1a11"41d~

Vifi

,J7 3i

ý v92 Iý.6J 11502 i

174 170 DO mgl_

6.35 15.83 6.58 6.83 11.74 8.68 12.9 8.4 6.42 7.12 8.58

. 44..

ý1

,, T

)6 Te~~~~~~~a~~~~iu~~T

ýC14~~.

i.2

~7 73 1

• 6.

2A.75 93 9.83 16.6 E Co0i CFUJ.100I I U 1O 10 1

OU Q

1,66 1 Q

'11 OU 1.00

10 U.,1 UO 12~1 1O 06i 102 SI*

OU 12s::10 IQU..

.10-U 10 U

?::

o.

IOU 1.10u 10.20 Tolal ked s m'iL 86 29 92 71 44 107 79 72 88 103 74 66.2 79.4 COD rrmg L

~

3,U:

_1 5.1 6.4 1 5 U

.3U 10 5

.1 U

33.4 28.8

.5U1 5 U J.

I Ammoru as N rmgL 0.03 U 0311 0.*3*U 0.83U 0.083 U

0.083 U

0.03 U 0.03 U 0.02 U 0.07 0.04 0.02 U 0.03 Nie+lem9L 8.U 0.29~,

I~

000 0

038.,

8.22 023 04 8.17i OAT 12 0.9 V5.4

.0.73 TotalKjalN N mgfL 015U 0.15 U 0.15U 0.15 0.52 0.15U 0.15 U 0.23 0.18 0.1U 0.25 0.21 0.21 Phooai1pmn Mgt

~

~

i 8

0.0 1

0.

'O

.8 0.0214 88310 028 661 7~

02

'"I 6004 U 0.02 0.05 Aiseic ugL 1U6 1 U I

U iU 11 1U 1 U I

1U 1 1 I U 1.00 Cadmium Ugh 11 1U I

U 14 14 1U

.2 1

114.74 1U. 1.8 Cqe ug/L 2.4 1 U I U 3

2 3

2 2

• 3 2

2 1 U 2.10 c.i

.U.

1 I

I U 1 U I U 7 i u '1U1 1

1 4 U

u4:U.1..:.1 4

U I U

.1.8.

Lead IU IU I U I

IU IU IU 1U 1U IU 1U 1

1.00 ugW 61, 024

!..2 U

.21 U

022.

U U2U U,

02 U0U2U

.2."

U 020 Nickel ugL idU 10U4 lOU 10U 10U OU IU 10 10U IOU IOU IOU 10U 10.0 Ow I L.

2.4J U

1a4,.:

8 25 2

8 1/25 7

4 1,IU 9.0 0 = Recived out of holding time U =Anayte requested bul not d*tede J = Estimated %ue-rsult i les lthin sample quatidion lmit bt geater than zero

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-52 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5b WATER QUALITY BASED EFFLUENT CALCULATIONS WATER QUALITY BASED EFFLUENT CALCULATIONS OUTFALL 112 FACILITY:

Watts Bar Nuclear Plant PERMIT #:

TN0020168 Stream Stream Waste iTt. Susp.

Hardness Stream (7010)

(3002)

Flow Solids (as CaCO3)

Allocation

[MGD]

[MGD]

[MGD]

[mg/I]

[mg/I]

[

0.0001 0.000 0.380 10 56 100 1

2

[

3 4

5

[

6 7

a Stream Bckgmd Conc.-"

FlshtAqua. Life Effluent Water Quality Criteria Fraction Chronic I

Acute Dissowed Fish & Aquatic Lifa Water Quality Crtteria (7010)

In-Stream AIIovWble Cabc. Effluent Concentration EFFLUENT OHARACTEFISTIC Chronic I(

Acute Chronic I

I~

I I

fun*il ruo/,1

[Fractioni run/n I

rua'l]

Cadmium 0.309 0.617 1.746 0.252 2.445 6.915 2.45 6.9 Copper' 3.139

6.278 8.856 0.348 18.06 25.48 18.1 25.5 Lead*

0.587 1.174 30.14 0.184 6.386 163.9 6.4 163.9 Nickel 43.72 87.45 787.4 0.432 202.3 1821 202.3 1821.4 Silver 0.000 NA 1.047 1.000 NA 1.047 N/A 1.0 Zinc

• 29.04 58.088 63.61 0.288 201.7 220.9 201.7 220.9 Mercury, M7) 0.025 0.908 1.690 1.000 0.908 1.690 0.91 1.7 Chromium (T) 50.00 100.0 NA 1.000 100.0 N/A 100.0 N/A Cyanide M 2.60 5.200 22.00 1.000 5.200 22.000 5.2 22.0 Chlorine (T. Res.)

0.000 11.000 19.00 1.000 11.00 19.000 11.0 19.0 9_10

[

11 1

12 1

13 14 Human Health Water Quality Criteria (3002)

In-Stream Criteria CaIc. Effluent Concentration EFFLUENT Organisms Water/Orgarisms DWS Organisms Vater/Organisr DWS CHARACTERISTIC

[ugMl]

tuugi]

[ai

[ag/il

[ug/Il

[ug/i]

Cadmium NA NA 5.0 NA NA 5.0 Copper NA N/A NA NA NA NA Lead*

NA NA 5.0 NA NA 5.0 Nickel 4600 610.0 100.0 4600.0 610.0 100.0 Silver NA NA NA NA NA NA Zinc

• NA.

NA NA NA NA NA Mercury, (T) 0.051 0.05 2.0 0.1 0.1 2.0 Chromium (T)

NA NA 100.0 NA NA 100.0 Cyanide '1")

220000 700.0 200.0 220000 700.0 200.0 Chlorine (I. Res.)

NA NA NA NA NA NA

• Denotes metals for which Fish & Aquatic Life Criteria are expressed as a function of total hardness. The Fish & Aquatic Life criteria for this metal are in the dissolved form at laboratory conditions.

The in-stream allowable criteria and calculated effluent concentrations are in the total recoverable form.

The criteria for these parameters are in the total form.

Background concentrations are established from ambient stream data. Where ambient data is unavailable or insufficient, the background concentration is established as 1/2 of the chronic water quality criteria or 1/2 of the human health criteria, whichever is smaller.

NOTE: Water Quality criteria for stream use classifications other than Fish & Aquatic Life are based on the 3002 flow.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-53 of R-67 WATER QUALITY BASED EFFLUENT CALCULATIONS OUTFALLS 101 AND 113 COMBINED FACILITY:

Watts Bar Nuclear Plant PERMIT#:

TN0020168 Stream Stream Waste Ttl. Susp.

I Hardness Stream (7010)

(3002)

Row

- Solids las CaCO3)

Allocation CMGD]

[MGD]

[MGD]

j CrngI]

I m]

L 1%)

2062.0001 5545.0001 162.8201 8.41 80.6 90o 1

2 3

4 5

T 6

7 8

Stream FisthAqua. LUfe Effluent Fish & Aquatic Ufe Water Cuatlty Citerta (7010) eckgrnd.

Water Qualy Criteria Fraction In-Stream nAllwable Cal.

Effluent Concentration Conc."-

Chronic=

Acute IDssolved Chronic Acute Chronic Acute EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTIC

[uojl]

lug/U lug/"

[Fraction]

[NgO) lug/]

[ug/T Cadmium*

0.440 0.879 2.931 0.248 3.541 11.807 38.54 140.2 Copper*

1.600 9.440 13.887 0.358 26.38 38.81 306.2 459.1 Lead*

0.994 1.988 51.03 0.189 10.510 269.7 117.9 3305.5 Nickel 10.00 130.98 1179.3 0.451 290.6 2617 3459.7 32064.1 Silver 0.000 NA 2.381 1.000 NA 2.381 N/A 29.3 Zinc

• 10.00 87.054 95.33 0.299 291.4 319.2 3470.2 3811.1 Mercury, (1" 0.025 0.908 1.690 1.000 0.908 1.690 10.88 20.5 Chromium (T) 1.00 100.0 NA 1.000 100.0 N/A 1218.4 N/A Cyanide ()

• 2.60 5.200 22.00 1.000 5.200 22.000 34.3 240.9 Chlorine (T. Res.)

0.000 11.000 19.00 1.000 11.00 19.0001 150.3 259.6 t 1o 1

11 1 12 1

13

[

14 Human Health Water Ouality Criteria (3002)

In-Stream Criteria Calc. Effluent Concentration EFFLUENT Organisms Water/Organisms DWS Organisms Water/Organisms DWS CHARACTERISTIC lugi]

lug/t]

lug/I]

[ug/]

lug/]

lugI]

Cadmium NA NA 5.0 NA NA 144.3 Copper' NA N/A NA N A NA NA Lead

• NA NA 5.0 NA NA 127.3 Nickel 4600 610.0 100.0 144825.4 18939.2 2848.5 Silver NA NA NA NA NA NA Zinc

• NA NA NA NA NA NA Mercury, (T)*

0.051 0.05 2.0 0.8 0.8 62.3 Chromium (T)

NA NA 100.0 NA NA 3124.4 Cyanide () **

220000 700.0 200.0 6941011 22005.6 6230.4 Chlorine (r. Res.)

NA NA NA NA NA NA

• Denotes metals for which Fish & Aquatic Life Cnteda are expressed as a function of total hardness. The Fish & Aquatic Life criteria for this metal are in the dissolved form at laboratory conditions.

The in-stream allowable criteria and calculated effluent concentrations are in the total recoverable form.

The criteria for these parameters are in the total form.

Background concentrations are established from ambient stream data. Where ambient data is unavailable or insufficient, tihe background concentration Is established as 1/2 of the chronic water quality criteria or 1/2 of the human health criteria, whichever is smaller.

NOTE: Water Quality criteria for stream use classifications otherthan Fish & Aquatic Life are based on the 3002 flow.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TNO020168 Page R-54 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5c AMMONIA WATER QUALITY BASED CALCULATIONS Outfall 112 Ammonia as Nitrolen Calculations The State utilizes the EPA document, 1999 Update to Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Ammonia and assumed temperatures of 25°C and 15*C and stream pH of 8 to derive an allowable instream protection value. A mass balance with plant and stream flows and this allowable value determines the monthly average permit limit. Seasonal limits may also be allowed due to ambient temperature variations between the summer and winter seasons.

Winter Summer Temp (°C)=

15 Temp (°C)=

25 pH=

8 pH=

8 Min (2.85, 1.45*10, 0.028"(25-T))

2.76 2.85 2.76 Min (2.85, 1.4510A 0.028(25-T))

1.45 2.85 1.45 0.0577 2.487 CCC (...................

)-------

I Min (2.85, 1.45*10, 0.028"(25-T))

1 t+10A (7.688-pH) 1+10^ (pH-7.688)

CCC=

2.36 CCC=

1.24 CCC - Contionuous Chronic Criterion Allowable instream NH3 concentration [mg/I]

(Crtial Low Row (MGD]

• Background Ammonnia lmg/L]) + (Design Flow [MGD] ' Effluent Concentration [mg.LI)

CCC --

(Critial Low Flow [MOD] + (Design Flow (MGD])

where:

0.0 Critial Low Flow [MGD] (typically, a 7010 value) 0.1 Background Ammonnia Concentration [mg/L]

0.2 Discharge long-term average flow [MGD]

For the case where the discharger does no withdraw water from the stream, The Allowable Effluent Concentrations and corresponding Amounts in winter and summer are:

Winter Summer fjý,

7.Concentration [mg/L]

,',.I Concentration [mg/L]

4.9 Amount [lb/day]

2.6 Amount [lb/day)

Calculation of the Criterion Maximum Concentration where salmanoid fish are absent:

Note 1 - the CMC is independent of temperature and is based on a one hour average exposure concentration.

CMC = [0.411 / (1 + 10 (7.204-PH))] + [(58.4 ;/ (1 + 10 (pH.7.204))

pH=

8 CMC=

8.4 mg/L as N Allowable effluent Concentration is: iý"' tf-_ -*mg/I as N 17.3

' Amount [lbs/day]

A pH value of 8 (instead of historically used 7.was chosen for two reasons: 1.) ambient monitoring in west TN shows that pH often exceeds 7.5, and is equal to 8 at times 2.) this assumption is more conservative.

Note 2 - Where the source of ammonia Is a biological treatment plant, the permit writer may establish the maximum daily concentration at 2 times the 30 day average Instead of the value calculated from the CMC. The factor of 2 is a ratio of daily maximum to monthly average considered typical for a well operated biological treatment plant.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-55 of R-67 Outfalls 101 and 113 Combined Ammonia as Nitrogen Calculations The State utilizes the EPA document. 1999 Update to Ambient Water Quality Cdteria for Ammonia and assumed temperatures of 25°C and 15'C and stream pH of 8 to derive an allowable instreaan protection value. A mass balance with plant and stream flows and this allowable value determines the monthly average permit limit. Seasonal limits may also be allowed due to ambient temperature variations between the summer and winter seasons.

Winter Summer Temp (°C)=

15 Temp (°C)=

25 pH=

8 pH=

8 Min (2.85, 1.45*10- 0.028'(25-T))

2.76 2.65 2.76 Min (2.85, 1.45*1 OA 0.028"(25-T))

1.45 2.85 1.45 0.0577 2.497

.00=(--

. )

Min (2.85, 1.45*10G0.028*(25-T))

1+10ý (7.688-pt-f) 1+10^ (pH-7.688)

CCC=

2.36 CCC=

1.24 CCC - Contionuous Chronic Criterion Allowable instream NH3 concentration [mg/I]

(Critial Low Flow [MGDI Background Ammonnia [mg/L]) + (Design Flow [MGD] " Effluent Concentretion [mg/L])

(Critial Low Flow [MGD] + (Design Flow [MGD])

where:

3173.0 Crtal Low Flow [MGD] (typically, a 7010 value) 0.1 Background Ammonnia Concentration [mg/L]

162.7 Discharge long-term average flow [MGD]

For the case where the discharger widrw water from the stream, The Allowable Effluent Concentrations and corresponding Amounts in winter and summer are:

Winter Summer fiConcentration [mg/L]

Concentration [mg/L]

59921.1 Amount [lb/day]

30254.0 Amount [lb/day]

Calculation of the Criterion Maximum Concentration where salmanoid fish are absent:

Note 1 - the CMC is independent of temperature and is based on a one hour average exposure concentration.

CMC = [0.411 / (1 + 1 0 (7204. PH))] + [(58.4 ;/(1 + 10 (Pt 7.204))]

pH=

8 CMC=

8.4 mg/L as N Allowable effluent Concentration is: *,¶,*.j'j*mg/l as N 219977.6 Amount [lbs/day]

A pH value of 8 (instead of historically used 7.was chosen for two reasons: 1.) ambient monitoring in west TN showed that a pH often exceeds 7.5, and Is up to 8 sometimes 2.)

this assumption is more conservative.

Note 2 - Where the source of ammonia Is a biological treatment plant, the permit writer may establish the maximum daily concentration at 2 times the 30 day average instead of the value calculated from the CMC. The factor of 2 is a ratio of daily maximum to monthly average considered typical for a well operated biological treatment plant.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-56 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5D WATER QUALITY CALCULATIONS FOR PH Calculation of Instream pH Resulting From the Combined Discharges of Outfall 101 and 113 (This spreadsheet may be used to calculate allowable discharge pH by trial and error)

Note:

WPC/EPA policy requires all discharges to be within the range of 6.0 to 9.0 TN fish and aquatic life criteria require the stream pH to be within 6.5 to 9.0 This calculation Is to determine if a discharge pH at 6.0 can cause the stream pH to fall below 6.5 The calculation is only applicable to cases where the discharge flow is significant relative to the stream flow Enter stream background pH Enter stream flow in MGD t

7...minimum from ambient data (see Appendix 5a) use 1010 Enter discharger minimum pH --->

Enter discharger flow, MG D 1

Combined strm/discharge pH =

Combined strm/disch flow, MGD

=

2224.71 pH = -log [H+], where [H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter

[H+] = 1 *(-pH) = moles per liter of H+ (1 gram mole per liter of H+ is 1.0080 grams of hydrogenAiter)

Moles H+ (Combined) = Moles H+ (Background) + Moles H+ (Discharge)

Note that this is a simple conservation of H mass formula that does not account for any rections or buffering that might occur when the discharge and stream mix.

Stream background Moles/Liter H+=

Discharger Moles/Liter H+ =

Combined moles/L H+ =

(Strm 1 0*A(-pH) 1 0-pH) 5 L

_081E0 1,00E061 noles/L H+)*(Strm MGD) + (Disch moles/L Hl*(Disch MGD)

(Stream MGD + Discharge MGD)

Combined moles/L H+ =

1.196E-07 Combined Stream pH =

r 6"9221 If this pH is below 6.5, the discharger minimum pH must be raised, therefore recaluate until 6.5 is reached Because the calculated pH is above 6.5, a minimum discharge pH limit of 6.0 for Outfall 101 and 113 will allow compliance with water quality criteria in the Tennessee River.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-57 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5e BIOMONITORING DILUTION FACTORS Watts Bar Nuclear Plant Calculation of Dilution Factors for Blomonltoring Diolution factor when receiving strean is the source of water at the facility Outfall101 and 102 Stream Flow Wastewater Flow Total Flow 1Q10 [MGD]

[MGD]1

[MGD]

2062.0 67.43 2062 Dilution Factor 30.6 LC50 >

10.9

% Conc.

IC 25:>

3.3

% Conc.

Dilution factor when receiving stream is not the source of water at the facility Outfall 112 Stream Flow Wastewater Flow Total Flow 7Q10 [MGD] -

L[MGD]

[MGD]

0.0 0.38 0.380 Dilution Factor 1.0 LC50 >

333.3

% Conc.

IC 25 >

100.0

% Conc.

Outfall 113 Stream Flow Wastewater Flow Total Flow 1 Q10 [MGD]

[MGD]'

[MGD]

2062.0 178.38 2240.4 Dilution Factor 12.6 LC50 >

26.5

% Conc.

IC 25 >

8.0

% Conc.

1 Because of the large volume of flow from these Outfalls and the criteria that chronic toxicity not exist instream during any 30 day period, the maximun historic 30 day average discharge flow was used to calculate dilution.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-58 of R-67 APPENDIX 5f I

COMPARISON OF DISCHARGE LIMITATIONS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant O utfall 101 Monthly Averaae F

-~

• lll*il I* *1*111 IV*

II.

e t

-uleie Previous Water Quality Permit Fish T Hum. Heal.

New Permit EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTIC BPT*

BAT*

II

-~

(ma/L)

(malL)

(malL)

(ma/L)

(ma/L)

(ma/L)

TSS 30 30 NA NA 30 OIL & GREASE 15 15 NA NA 15 pH 6.0-9.0

. 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 Chromium, Total 0.2 1.22 3.13 Zinc, Total 1.0 3.47 NA 1.0 Total Chlorine Residual 0.1 0.150 NA 0.10 Free Available Chlorine 0.2 0.2 0.150 NA Daily Maximum Effluent Guidelnes Previous Water Quality New EFFLUENT BPT BAT Permit Fish Hum. Heal.

Permit CHARACTERISTIC (ag/

(mg/L)

(mg/L)

TSS 100 100 NA NA 100 OIL & GREASE 20 20 NA NA 20 pH 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 Chromium, Total 0.2 NA 16.4 Zinc, Total 1.0 3.814 NA 1

Total Chlorine Residual 0.2 0.1 0.260 NA 0.10 Free Available Chlorine 0.5 0.5 0.260 NA NA Outfall 101 primarily receives wastes characterized as low volume wastes and cooling tower blowdown. Thus this discharge is subject BPT/IAT limitations for all parameters applicable to these waste sources as presented in Appendix 2.

The use of water treatment chemicals containing chromium is probihited.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-59 of R-67 COMPARISON OF DISCHARGE UMITATIONS Outfall 112 Monthly Averaae Effluent Guidelines*

• 4I Previous Permit Water Quality Fish I Hum. Heal.

New Permit EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTIC BPT BAT K

C I

a (mg/L)

(mg/L)

(mg/L)

(mg/L)

I (mal)

I (mg/L) 1 T -

I TSS 30 30 NA NA 30 OIL & GREASE 15 15 NA NA 15 pH 6.0-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 Ammonia as N" 1.46 1.24 NA 1.24 Dissolved Oxygen 5.0 Min.

NA Total Chlorine Residual 0.011 0.011 NA 0.011 Free Available Chlorine 0.011 NA Daily Maximum Effluent Guidelines*

Previous Water Quality New EFFLUENT BPT BAT Permit Fish Hum. Heal.

Permit CHARACTERISTIC mLn((mg/L)

(mg+[)

(mg/L)

TSS 100 100 NA NA 100 OIL & GREASE 20 NA NA 20 pH 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 Ammonia, as N....

2.42 NA NA 2.48 Dissolved O n

5.0 Min.

5.0 Min.

NA 5.0 Min.

Total Chlorine Residual 0.019 0.019 NA 0.019 Free Available Chlorine 0.019 NA Outfall 112 is composed of approximately 6.9%/6 sanitary wastes which are characterized as low volume wastes subject to BPT/BAT limitations. The majority of other waste in this outfall is stormwater for which no BPT/BAT limitations apply.

Water quality criteria for monthly average ammonia is established based on EPA 30 day CCC criteria and is calculated as shown in Appendix 5c. Maximum daily value is establ;ished as twice the monthly average value based on good operation of a biological treatment plant.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-60 of R-67 COMPARISON OF DISCHARGE UMITATIONS Outfall 113 Monthly Average

=

C Effluent Guidelines II.

H Previous Water Quality Permit I

Fish I Hum. Heal. I New Permit EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTIC BPT BAT H

~ =

C C

(mg/L)

(moJL)

(mCYL)

(moJL)

(mg/L)

(mo/L)

TSS NA NA Report NA NA Reot OIL&GREASE 15 15 NA NA 15 PH 6.0-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)

NA NA Report Min.

Total Chlorine Residual 0.092 0.154 NA 0.092 Free Available Chlorine 0.2 0.154 NA Daily -Maximum Effluent Guidelines Previous Water Quality New EFFLUENT BPT BAT Permit Fish Hum. Heal.

Permit CHARACTE*TS71C

("*P) 1_nL)

(SUL rL nL r

TSS NA NA 100 NA NA 100 OIL & GREASE NA NA 20 NA NA 20 pH 6.0-9.0 6.5-9.0 6.0-9.0 6.0-9.0 Total Chlorine Residual 0.2 0.158 0.260 NA 0.158 Free Available Chlorne 0.5 0.260 NA

• Outfall 113 receives wastes characteized as once through cooling water. Thus this discharge is subject BPT/BAT limitations for all parameters applicable to once through coding water sources as presented in Appendix 2.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-61 of R-67 I

APPENDIX 5 NEW PERMIT LIMITS PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 101 Cooling water, Stormn water and Process Wasealfe~r ECCI "ICUT I IIlrTATIniNO MONITORING IJlp*lllql' U I *dr f-.1 v

Ilr7,/Il f lL*

MfL,/l l KIJlJIK C fl*11 I C EFFLUENT AVG-CONC.

AVG..AM MAX CONC.

MAXAMT.

M*t IM SAPLE CHARACTERISTIC

(.g/)

OW-y*)('

dt-Y)

FRQNCY.

WPE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD)

Contiruous Recorder 1 C ertiflcafion of instream FlowOf Report as Yes/No 1/Moth Operation 3,500 cfs vhen required Records pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 2/Month Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 I/Month Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 1/Month Grab CHROMIUM, TOTAL 0.2 0.2 WAIVEDa Grab ZINC, TOTAL 1.0 1.0 2/Month Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2 3 0.10 0.10 5/Week Grab 2 3 TEMPERATURE, Effluent 4 35 0C Continuous Recorder IC25 5 L25% hhibition Concentration shall be >3.3% effluent 2/year Composite 5 There shall be no discharge of PCBs.

Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD). In the eaent that the continuous flow monitor Is out of seice, flow monitoring shall be estimated by intake pump logs.

2 pH and TRIC anaysaes shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The acceptable methods for analysis of TRC are any methods specified in 40 CFR Part 136.

4 When the temperature monitoring equipment fails, monitoring will be done once per day. Reasonable and timely effort will be made to restore the temperature recorder to operation as soon as possible. See Part III for further temperature requirement See Part III for methodology.

Monltoring for chromium is warmed per 40 CFR 122.44 (a)(2)(I). See Rationale for more comments.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-62 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 102 codolng water, SUtomwyate runoff and Process wastevillr EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 102 c ooling wamr, s tormwa* runoff:and Process WestevK*r MONITORING IXDNTHLY DlAILYV EFFLUENT A e.CO1e.

AVG.AMT M. CONC, MAXA

r.

MSRMNr.

SAMPLE C HARACTERISTIC

(.gI)

(lb/d~y)

(,.10) 0*bf)

FRQNCY.

• rWE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD) 1 1/Day Instantaneous Certification ofInstream Flowof 1

Report as Yes/No l/Mmonth Operation 3,500 Cfs wAhlen required Records pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 2/Month6 Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (rSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Month6 Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 20.0 1/Month 6 Grab CIHROIVUMTOTAL 2.0 2.0 WAIVED 6 Grab ZINC,TOTAL 1.0 1.0 2/Month 6 Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2,3 0.10 0.10 5/Week Grab 2 3 TEMPERATURE, Effluent 350C 1/Day Grab 1C25 4

25% Inhibition Concentration shall be >3.3% effluent 2/year4 Composite 4 There shall be no discharge of PCBs.

I Flow shaJl be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

2 pH and TRI analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 The acceptable methods for analysis of T1C are any methods specified in 40 CFR Part 136.

4 Sampling and analysis required only if discharge is operated 30 days or more during the semi-annual periods January through June or July through Decemberand if all toxicity testing requirements hawe not already been completed for Outfall 101. See Pa O

Certification shall be made during any month that a discharge occurs from this outfall.

6 it there is discharge during 1 or more days from this outfall, sampling is required to comply with the maximum daily limit. If there are two or more separate days of discharge, or a continuous discharge during 5 or more consecutihe days from this outfall then one sample is required from that "batch' discharge.

6 Monitoring for chromium Is waived per 40 CFR 122.44 (a)(2XI). See Rationale for more comments.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-63 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 107 (Internal Monitoring Point Metal C leaning WastevRter EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING

MONTHLY, DAILY REQUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVG.

A VG. AMN.

MAXCONC.

MAXAMT r

aM*

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC (MC)

I (FRbQ,)

(.gA, (twd-y)

FQNC.

rPE FLOW Report (MGD)'

Report (MGD) 1 /Batch' Calculated pH 2 Report Report.

1/Batch 2 Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 30.0 1/Batch Grab OIL & GREASE 15.0 15.0 1/Batch Grab COPPER, TOTAL RECOVERABLE 1.0 1.0 1/Batch Grab IRONTOTAL RECOVERABLE 1.0 1.0 1/Batch Grab PHOSPHORUS,TOTAL 3 1.0 1

1.0 1/Batch Grab Row shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD) for each batch discharge. I a batch discharge extends for more than a 24-hour period, flow 2

pH analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 Sampling for phosphonrs is required only when metal cleaning chemicals containing phosphorus are being used.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-64 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 111 (Internal Monltoring Point)

Treated S anitary Waste**ter EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REOUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVG.cONe.

AVG..mm mAxcone.

ýAmwr.

M131111 SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC

(=211)

(. b. d yL

)

(.

)

(.Y

)

MSRQNCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD)'

Report (MGD)

Continuous Recorder BODS 30.0

-45.0 1/Week Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 45.0 1/Week Grab SETTLEABLE SOLIDS mlL 2NVeek Grab E. COLI See footnote 3 1/Week Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2

,44 1

1 2.0 5,eek

Grab, I

Flow shell be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

TRC analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes Oh sample collection.

3 The wastewater discharge for Outfall 111 must be dlsenfected to the extent that v4able colilorm organisms are effectiodly eliminated. The concentration of E. clo after clseltection shall not exceed 126 per 100 ml as the geometric mean based on a minimun of 10 samples, collected trfm a'ghen sampling site over a pedaod of not more than 30 consecutive days with indiridual samples being collected at Intenrals not less than 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br />. For the purpose of determining the geometric mean. Indiridual samples haAng an E. coll concentration of less than one (1) per 100 mt. shall be considered as having a concentration of owe (1) per 100 mi. Where less than 10 samples are made per month, the permittee shall use an arithimetic mean rather than the geometric mean. in the absence at a method in 40 CFR, Part 136 for measuring E. coil in effluent matrices, the permittee shall use methods proposed or added to Part 136 for measuring E. coil In ambient water.

4 Total Residual Chlorine (TRIC) monitoring shall be applicable when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added. The acceptable methods for analysis ol TRFC are any methods specified In 40 CFR Part 136.

PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 112 Construction Yard Holding Pond - Storm Runoff EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS MONITORING MONTHLY DAILY REQUIREMENTS EFFLUENT AVG. CONC.

AVG. ANMNX MAXCONC.

MAX ANINt.

MS RMNT.

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTIC (S

b)

I (rl b MO)

I mday)

FRQNCY.

TYPE FLOW Report (MGD) 1 Report (MGD) 1/Week Estimate pH 2 Range 6.0 - 9.0 1/Week Grab TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS) 30.0 100.0 1/Week Grab NITROGEN, AMMONIA TOTAL 1.24 2.48 1/Week Grab DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.)

5.0 Min.

1/Week Grab CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2.'3 0.011 0.019 1/Week Grab IC25' 25% Inhibition Concentration shall be > 100% Effluent Semi-annual Composite 4 I

Flow shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD) and shall be estimated based on measurement at existing weir, 2

pH and iHe analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 Total Residual Chlorine (TMC) monitoring shall be applicable when chlorine, bromine, or any other oxidants are added The acceptable methods for analysis of TRC are any methods specified in Title 40, CFR Part 136. The method detection levd (MDL) for TRC shall not exceed 0.05 mg/L unless the permittee demonstrates that its MDL is higher. The permittee shall retain the documentation that justifies the higher MDL and shall hare that documentation arilable for reiew upon request.

In cases where the permit limit is less than the MDL. the reporting of T"RC at less than the MDL shall be Interpreted to constitute compliance with the permit limit.

4 See Part IIl for methodology

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-65 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear OUTFALL 113 Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water EFFLUENT C HARACTERISTIC FLOW C ertilcation of InstrMam Flowof 3,500 cfS iMen required pH 2

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS (TSS)

CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL (TRC) 2' 3'6 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.)

TEMPERATURE, Effluent TEMPERATURE, Edge of Mixing Zone TEMPERATURE, Rise Upstream to Downstream TEMPERATURE, Rate of Change, 0 C per hour TEMPERATURE, Receiving Stream Bottom IC25 5

I 25% Inhibition Concentration shall be >8% effluent I

Row shall be reported in Million Gallons per Day (MGD).

2 pH and TRC analyses shall be performed within fifteen (15) minutes of sample collection.

3 mhe acceptable methods for analysis of "FRC are any methods specified in 40 CFR Part 136.

4 See text below table for requirements-5 See Part 1I for methodology 6

Sampling for TRC shall be 5/Week during periods when the Supplemental Condenser Cooling Water (SCCW) system is in operation.

7 See additional (bulleted) comments in permit. Begins on page 8 of 27.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-66 of R-67 PERMIT LIMITS FOR OUTFALL 114 TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear S upplerntMal C ondenserCooling Water Intake Screen Backwash wate 1.) No numerical monitoring limitations are applied to this outfall.

2.) Visual monitoring for debris and obstrutions to the screerns will be carried out on a weekly basis.

TVA-Watts Bar Nuclear Plant (Rationale)

NPDES Permit TN0020168 Page R-67 of R-67 Shoreline of river

-1CW (113) scharge flow 129.0 MGD.

ATTS BAR DAM I

mnessee River 4w linal e of Mixing.

I RZ irrent location recorder station

1. 33

..............I....

.1................

1 1............

^w-Flow "Passive" Mixing Zone (extends to edge).

Cool water refuge-zone in the bottom IA-Wafts Bar Nuclear Power Generating

Facility, TNO020168

! layer. Model checked with temperature profile under these

,nditions.

Mixing Zone.

for compliance Iq

.......................... f,,flflfl 1__ý,ph-Flow "Activel

'pical monitoring

/

1. 34 tlocation to be e~stablished.

"Ill

-Av using (continuous) 24-hour, 7 day per week data recorders.

Recorder station number 33 will be moved from present location to new location and new recorder station number 34 to be established at end-edge of mixing zone.

nd APPENDIX 5H, Diagram NOT TO SCALE w location recorder station # 33 I

ite: This diagram is a general description of how the mixing zone a temperature recorders are being relocated. It is not intended to be an actual, or physical representation of the shape or dynamics of the therma plume.

]

11