ML101440278

Salem, Units 1 & 2 and Hope Creek, Unit 1 - Response to NRC Request for Additional Information Dated 04/16/2010 Related to the Environmental Review, License Renewal Application, Ecology

ML101440278
Person / Time
Site:	Salem, Hope Creek
Issue date:	04/29/2010
From:	Public Service Enterprise Group
To:	Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
LR-N10-0152, FOIA/PA-2011-0113
Download: ML101440278 (537)

Text

Salem/ Hope Creek Environmental Audit -Post-Audit Information Question #: ECO-1 Category:

Ecology Statement of Question: Please provide the following documents that were made available during the Salem and HCGS License Renewal Environmental Audit in response to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-i.A 1(c) -Representative Important Species for 1999 Appendix F B 1(e) -Description of aquatic community from Section 3 of 2006 Application C 2(a) and (b) -NRC/NMFS letters regarding EFH dated 6-14-07 and 7-13-07 Response:

The documents requested are being provided.List Attachments Provided: A Attachment

1. 1(c) to Pre-Audit Questions

1. ECO-1, "Identification of Representative Important Species," 1999 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application, Appendix F,Section V.B (pages V-10 to V-15)B Attachment

1. 1(e) to Pre-Audit Questions

1. ECO-1, "The nature of the aquatic community," 2006 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application, Section 3-316(a) Variance Renewal, (pages 34 to 49)C Essential Fish Habitat Information as follows: i. Attachment

1. 2(a) to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-1, Letter from NRC to National Marine Fisheries Service regarding Essential Fish Habitat (6-14-2007) ii. Attachment

1. 2(b) to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-1, Letter from National Marine Fisheries Service to NRC regarding Essential Fish Habitat (7-13-2007)

PSE&G Permit Application.

4 March 1999 Appendix F about the compensatory reserve of the stock (Mace and Sissenwine 1993). See section VII.C, below.V.B. Identification of Representative Important Species ("RIS") for Evaluating Effects of Salem's Intake on Aquatic BiotaSection 316(b) establishes the ability to select a small number of species that are both representative of the other species and important in that they have a special human use orecological value.

These evaluations focus on RIS because it is not practicable to investigate all speciespotentially affected by operations.

This section describes the RIS selection process for the Salem Demonstrations.

V.B.1. Summary of Guidance for RIS Selection The concept of designating particular species for study under Section 316(b) is nearly identical to the designation of RIS under Section 316(a) and, indeed, USEPA's original draft 316(b) guidance used the RIS term in the context of 316(b) demonstration requirements (USEPA 1975). Subsequent USEPA guidance adopted the term "critical aquatic organisms" to describe the same concept, but for purposes of this demonstration, we are using the term RIS for species selected for evaluation under Section 316(b). In any case, pursuant to EPA's Section 316(b) draft guidance (USEPA 1977), certain species would be selected as representative of various categories of species, such as those that are: (a) Representative, in terms of their biological requirements, of a balanced, indigenous community of fish, shellfish, and wildlife;(b) Commercially or recreationally valuable;* (c) Threatened or endangered;(d) Critical to the structure and function of the ecological system (e.g., habitat formers);(e) Potentially capable of becoming nuisance species;(f) Necessary, in the food chain, for the well-being of species indicated in (a)-(d);and (g) One of (a)-(f) and have high potential susceptibility to entrapment-impingement and/or entrainment.

According to the draft guidance, species are not considered to be RIS simply because of high susceptibility to entrainment or impingement; one of the other six criteria must be satisfied as well. The draft guidance suggests that consideration of five to fifteen species should be adequate. Endangered species must always be considered. The species chosen for a 316(b) demonstration may or may not be the same as those appropriate for a 316(a)V-10 PSE&G Permit Application 4 March 1999 Appendix F determination "dependent on the relative effects of the thermal discharge or the intake in question" (USEPA 1977).Under EPA's Section 316(a) guidance, selection of RIS must consider the various biotic categories making up the aquatic community as a whole. The biotic categories making up the aquatic commurnty are: phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and fish, as described in Section III above and in Appendix C. With regard to evaluation of these-categories in a 316(b)study, USEPA has offered the following guidance: Relative to environmental impact associated with intake structures, effects on meroplankton organisms, macroinvertebrates, and juvenile and adult fishes appear to bethe first order problem. Accordingly, the selections of species should include a relatively large proportion of organisms in these categories that are directly impacted.

Generally, because of short life span and population regeneration capacity, the adverse impact on phytoplankton and zooplankton species is less severe (USEPA 1977, USEPA 1975).Thus, unless preliminary data or prior sampling indicates that phytoplankton or zooplankton have a "special or unique value... at the site," species in these categories"will generally not be selected" (USEPA 1977).In determining whether particular species potentially may be impacted by the operation of a station's cooling water intake, two categories of factors must be considered.

These are (1) the relative biological value of the source waterbody zone of influence and (2)involvement with the cooling water intake. Under the first category, USEPA guidance states that the value of a particular area is based on whether it is a principal spawning or breeding ground, migratory pathway, or nursery or feeding area, as well as on the numbers of individuals present and any other functions critical to the species life history (USEPA 1977). The second category, degree of involvement with the intake, may be determined by the size of the organism, the temporal and spatial distribution of the species in each of its life stages relative to the zone of withdrawal, and the proportion ofwater withdrawn to the total available (USEPA 1977).V.B.2. RIS Selection for 1999 § 316(b) Demonstration The RIS selection for the 1999 Demonstration relied upon a review of the previous RIS list for Salem and a re-evaluation of these RIS under the Section 316(b) criteria.V.B.2.a. Previous RIS Selected for Salem In 1978, PSE&G proposed eleven species (alewife, American shad, Atlantic croaker, bay anchovy, blueback herring, opossum shrimp, scud, spot, striped bass, weakfish, and white perch) as category I, II, and III "target species" for its 316(b) plan of study, which was accepted by USEPA and NJDEP in 1979 (PSE&G 1978; USEPA 1979). The Technical Advisory Committee (TAG), which was subsequently formed of representatives of 9 V-11 PSE&O Permit Application 4 March 1999 Appendix F relevant environmental resource agencies and whichwas charged with identifying target species under the new 316(b) guidelines, also selected the same species for the 1984 Salem Demonstration (USEPA 1981).In connection with its review of the 1984 Salem Demonstration, NJDEP hired a consultant, Versar, to independently review the selection of RIS based strictly on EPA's draft guidelines. Versar concluded that the RIS selected by PSE&G for study met all 316(b) guidelines for species categories, and also that the Salem intake had the potential to affect only four finfish species: weakfish, spot, white perch and bay anchovy (Versar 1989). Notwithstanding Versar's conclusion that only 4 finfish species were potentially affected by the Salem intake, PSE&G in the current 316(b) study has continued to address the original eleven RIS.V.B.2.b. RIS Criteria Used in the Re-evaluation Based on the Section 316(b) Guidance, the following criteria were used to select RIS for the 1999 Demonstration:

• Spatial and temporal distribution of species in the Estuary in relation to the station.* Ecological role and importance.

• Economic importance.

• Susceptibility to entrainment and impingement at Salem.* Threatened/endangered species.* Additional species.e.g., USEPA (1975).V. B. 2. c. Re-evaluation of Existing List Under RIS Criteria The original representative important species were approved by the TAG and accepted by NIDEP and EPA, so for this renewal application it was assumed that the RIS would.remain the same unless changes in plant operation or the ecology of the Delaware indicated that a species should be added or deleted. The original RIS were found to stillsatisfy the guidance criteria.

Review of the biotic categories noted in the USEPA guidance indicates that phytoplankton would not be expected to be impacted by the Station's cooling water intake, since the Estuary in the vicinity of the Station supports very low levels of phytoplanktonic photosynthesis (Appendix B of PSE&G 1974;Pennock 1988). Nor Would zooplankton be expected to be impacted since the Estuary in the vicinity of the Station has low concentrations of immature planktonic stages of commercially important shellfish, no commercially important species of zooplankton, and no threatened or endangered species of zooplankton (PSE&G 1980).V-12 PSE&G Permit Application 4 March 1999 Appendix F Shellfish/macroinvertebrates and fish are the only biotic categories that indicate a potential for impact, since several species of ecological and economic importance thatoccupy benthic and open water habitats are seasonally abundant in the vicinity of the Station. Therefore, only species from these categories were selected. In general, the species were chosen for study in this Demonstration for one or more of three reasons: (I)current or potential high involvement with the plant (bay anchovy, white perch, weakfish,opossum shrimp, scud, striped bass, alewife, blueback herring, American shad, spot, blue crab and Atlantic croaker), (2) present or future value for human use (white perch, blueback herring, alewife, American shad, croaker, blue crab, and weakfish), or (3)importance for transfer of energy within the system (bay anchovy, opossum shrimp, and scud).A detailed discussion of the re-evaluation of original RIS under the 316(b) criteria and consideration of additional species follows.V.B.2.c.i.

Spatial and temooral distribution of species in the Estuary in relation to the station Vulnerable life stages of bay anchovy, opossum shrimp, scud, and weakfish are abundant in the vicinity of Salem during the summer. White perch are abundant near Salem throughout the fall and winter.

Spot occur in summer and fall; Atlantic croaker during late fall and winter; American shad, alewife, and blueback herring in the spring and fall.V.B.2.c.ii.

Ecological role and importance Bay anchovy, opossum shrimp, and scud are important prey species for many predatory fish in the Delaware Estuary. Bay anchovy is a major consumer of zooplankton.

Scud is primarily a detritivore, while opossum shrimp is both a detritivore and predatory onplanktonic copepods. Thus, these forage organisms are integral components of direct or detrital pathways for the transfer of energy to higher trophic levels.V.B.2.c.iii.

Economic importance Weakfish, striped bass, white perch, spot, croaker, and American shad support active sport and/or commercial fisheries.

Blueback herring and alewife have in the past supported significant fisheries and may do so again.V.B.2.c.iv.

Susceptibility to entrainment and impingement at Salem Bay anchovy and weakfish are among the most common species in both entrainment andimpingement collections.

White perch is rarely entrained but commonly impinged.

Spotand croaker are abundant in impingement collections during some years, but not in 0 V-13 PSE&G Permit Application 4 March 1999 Appendix F others. Historically, striped bass have not been entrained or impinged in large numbers, however, recent increases in abundance of striped bass suggest that entrainment and impingement may increase in the future.V.B:2.c.v.

Threatened/endangered species Federally designated threatened or endangered species potentially affected by Salem include the shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta), the Kemp's Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii), and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas). In addition to these species, the Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) was proposed for listing, but in September, 1998 the U.S. Fish &Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service decided not to place it on the endangered species list but to retain it on the candidate species list stating that the current catch moratorium was sufficient protection for the species. Thus, Atlantic sturgeon is not evaluated here (See Appendix H for a discussion of Atlantic sturgeon).

Data from Salem indicate that Station operations are not having adverse effects on these endangered and threatened species. This conclusion is confirmed by numerous government-issued "no jeopardy" determinations for these species under the Endangered Species Act. The Kemp's ridley sea turtle, loggerhead sea turtle, and the green sea turtle occur at Salem primarily during the month of July when these species are foraging northward along the coast. In 1990 PSE&G entered into a formal Endangered Species Act section 7 consultation with both the National Marine Fisheries Service (,NMFS) and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) that resulted in a "no jeopardy" determination on the sea turtle losses through 1988 (NMFS 1991). Since that time, administrative controls and frequent cleaning of the trash racks during seasons when turtles are likely to appear in the Estuary have reduced mortality of sea turtles captured at the intake. By 1991 sea turtle release rates had increased to 96 percent (NMFS 1992).Biological opinions and incidental take statements issued by the NMFS in 1991, 1992, 1993, and 1999 found that the continued operation of the Salem Station has not jeopardized, and is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any populations of threatened or endangered sea turtl=s (NMFS 1991, 1992, 1993, 1999). Biological --assessments conducted by the USNRC and NMFS pursuant to the Endangered Species Act since 1979 have reviewed the data on collections of shortnose sturgeon as well as the status of the species in the Estuary and concluded that Salem operations have not jeopardized and will not jeopardize the continued existence of this species or result in destruction or adverse modification of their habitat. (USNRC 1980); (NMFS 1991, 1992, 1993, 1999).V- 14 PSE&G Permit Application 4 March 1999 Appendix F.V.B.2.c.vi. Additional Species Additional species were considered in light of possible changes in the Estuary since the establishment of the original 316(b) list. Based on this evaluation, one species wasadded: blue crab. Blue crab is abundant in impingement collections and represents a crustacean that is economically important.

The 12 species selected are among those most entrained and impinged at Salem and have a current or potential high involvement with the plant. All of the finfish species-are representative of plankton-eating and fish-eating organisms that inhabit the Estuary. As such, they are relatively high on the food chain and would accumulate multiple indirect effects of the station as well as direct effects over their life cycles. The species selected also have a present or future commercial or recreational value for human use or are very important in the transfer of energy within the system as prey for many predators, such asopossum shrimp and scud. Opossum shrimp and scud also are abundant in the vicinity of the station during the summer months. Blue crab was added for detailed evaluation because it is representative of the shellfish biotic category, is the third most impinged species at the plant, and has economic significance as a commercial and recreational species.V 1 O V- 15 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1,2006 Section 3- 316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication III. THE NATURE OF THE AQUATIC COMMUNITY The potential for the Station's thermal discharge to impact maintenance of a BIC depends primarily on the characteristics of the thermal plume, and its relationship to the spatial and temporal distributions of aquatic life in the Estuary.

Two aspects of the aquatic community that determine, in part, the potential for harm from Salem's thermal discharge are 1) community structure and 2) d5mmunitystatus, or condition.

The structure of the aquatic community can be characterized by the energy (or trophic) relationships, utilization of habitat types, and species composition of the community.

These community attributes affect the extent of exposure to Salem's thermal plume and the potential ecological significance or resource impacts from such exposure.

The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration comprehensively assessed the effects of the Station's thermal discharge on the major components (called biotic categories in USEPA §316(a) Guidance) of the community, as well as on individual species selected to represent the shellfish/macroinvertebrate and fish communities.

As discussed below, neither the-basic structure of the community nor the representativeness of the RIS has changed appreciably since the 1999 Application. Thus the conclusions of the 1999§316(a) Demonstration remain valid.Community status, or condition, may also influence the response of the community 9 to temperature elevations in Salem's thermal plume. That is, a balanced and diverse community may tolerate an imposed stress more readily than one showing signs of disturbance, which any additional stress might exacerbate.

Moreover, evidence that a balanced indigenous community has been maintained over the many years of Salem's operation provides assurance that natural inter-annual fluctuations that occur in the aquatic community do not make it-vulnerable to appreciable harm. As discussed in Section 3 -II-I C below, analyses of community condition and population trends indicate that a balanced community has been maintained in the Estuary.A. Community Structure The aquatic community of the Delaware Estuary is comprised of thousands of species that use the wide variety of habitats in the Estuary either year-round or seasonally.

While the absolute abundance of individual species comprising a community will often fluctuate among years, the basic structure of the community, including trophic relationships and dominant species, is relatively stable, at least in the absence of major habitat disruptions or climatic changes. The structure of the aquatic -community in the Estuary is largely determined by the hydrographic and climatological conditions in-the Estuary and in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, the biogeographic region to which the Estuary belongs.34 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3- 316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication The 1999 Demonstration predictively assessed the vulnerability to potential impacts from Salem's discharge for each biotic category comprising the aquatic community:

phytoplankton, zooplankton, habitat formers, shellfish/macroinvertebrates, fish, and other vertebrate wildlife, as recommended by USEPA §316(a) Draft Guidance.

As discussed in detail in the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration, the design and specific location of the Station's thermal discharge within the Estuary, combined with ecosystem and biological community characteristics,-

generally minimizes thermal effects to the aquatic community.

Further, Salem's thermal discharge was found to meet the USEPA §316(a)Draft Guidance criteria for a low potential impact site for phytoplankton, zooplankton, habitat forming communities, epibenthic macroinvertebrates and vertebrate wildlifeother than fish.The community and ecosystem characteristics that minimize the potential for thermal impacts to aquatic life have not changed since the 1999 Application, as discussed below. Many of these characteristics are fundamental properties of the Delaware Estuary ecosystem, and would only change substantially as the result of major alterations to the system, such as in i~nd use, river morphology and hydrology, or water quality. Water quality improvementsjin the middle reaches of the Estuary upriver of Salem since the early 1980s were documented in the 1999 Application and dissolved oxygen levels in the main channel of'the Estuary have continued to improve since 1998 (Section 5 -III of this Application, Delaware Estuary).

The only recent major habitatalterations have been the installation of fish ladders in tributaries and the marsh restoration program conducted by PSEG. All of these changes have improved habitat quality and biological productivity in the Estuary.1. Salem's thermal discharge was dltermined to have low potential to threaten the BIC through fts effects on phytoplankton because the contribution of phytoplankton to photosynthesis in the vicinity of the Station, and to food production in the Estuary, is small (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). The area of the Estuary in the vicitiity of Salem supports very-low levels of phytoplanktonic photosynthesis because high sediment loads and associated turbidity limit light penetration.

The major contributions to the food base of the Estuary are detritus from marsh plant production, material washed in from the tributaries, and phytoplankton production in the middle and lower bay. The hydrographic factors controlling turbidity and limiting light penetration in the Estuary have not changed since the 1999 Application and detritus continues to be the primary energy source for the aquatic community.

Similarly, the potential for the Station's thermal plume to cause nuisance algal blooms-was found to be very low because of the small size of the plume relative to the Estuary, and because high turbidity and low light penetration, not temperature, are the primary factors that affect the growth of phytoplankton near the Station (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). Since the nature of the thermal discharge and the hydrodynamics and 35 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication turbidity characteristics of the Estuary have not changed (described in Section 3 -II), the potential for nuisance blooms resulting from Salem's thermal discharge remains low.Although an algal related fish kill involving Atlantic menhaden occurred from early July through September 2000 in several bays and creeks in Delaware, these locations are over 50 miles down-estuary and cross-estuary from the Station and the event is therefore unrelated to Salem's thermal discharge.

In addition, the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration found that the potential for thermal discharge impacts on phytoplankton is low because phytoplankton generally are broadly distributed and abundant, with high reproductive and growth rates and short generation times. Because these biological attributes are characteristic of phytoplankton as a group, changes that might occur in the phytoplankton community, such as shifts in relative species abundance, would not be expected to alter the conclusion that they have low potential for impact. Numerous power plant studies on diverse waterbodies support this expectation and show that phytoplankton are rapidly transported and dispersed by water currents, and recover rapidly from localized stresses within the environment (PSEG 1999, Appendix E).2. Zooplankton Salem's thermal discharge was determined to have low potential to threaten the BIC through its effects on zooplankton because the Estualry in the vicinity of the Station has low concentrations of immature planktonic stages of commercially important shellfish, no commercially important species of zooplankton, and no threatened or endangered species of this biotic category (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). The potential for the Station's thermal plume to cause shifts toward nuisance species is very low because of the small size of the plume relative to the Estuary. The Station's thermal plume containing values of AT in excess of natural spatial (and short-term temporal) variation in temperature (4-5 IF) involves no more than about 0.05 percent of the total volume of the Estuary. In addition, low salinity prevents invertebrate marine wood borers from invading the discharge area. These characteristics of the zooplankton community and the estuary near Salem have not changed since the 1999 Application.

In addition, the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration found that the invertebrate RIS 6 and several other indigenous species of zooplankton can tolerate the full range of rapid temperature increase and decrease in the thermal plume, even in the highly unlikely event that a given organism is transported along the full' length of the Centerline of the plume (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). As discussed in Section 3 -II, the Station's thermal 6 For the purposes of the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration, the invertebrate RIS included scud, opossum shrimp, and blue crab. As required by Salem's 2001 NJPDES Permit, PSEG re-assessed the historic RIS and proposed a revised list of RIS for NJDEP approval which included blue crab as the only macroinvertebrate RIS. NJDEP subsequently aproved the revised list of RIS. For comparability with the biothermal analyses performed in 1999, scud and opossum shrimp are evaluated as RIS in this evaluation.

36 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal ApplicationFebruary 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication discharge and time and temperatures characteristics of the thermal plume have not changed since the 1999 Application.

Further, zooplankton have short generation times and high reproductive capacities, allowing populations to readily offset the loss of individuals.

These latter biological attributes have not changed since the 1999 Application since they are characteristic of zooplankton.

Numerous studies of powerplant thermal discharges into open systems, such as estuaries and coastal marine waters, support the conclusion that the zooplankton community has little vulnerability to thermal discharges (Langford 1990).3. Habitat Formers The primary habitat formers in the Delaware Estuary are rooted vascular plants in the tidal wetlands, which also serve as the major food producers for the Estuary.

Other potential habitat formers in the Estuary are submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and oyster beds.Salem's thermal discharge was determined to have low potential to threaten the BIC through its effects on habitat forming communities because tidal scouring, sedimentation and low light penetration limit the development of SAV beds in the transition zone of the Estuary (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). There are no SAV beds in the vicinity of the Station's offshore discharge and the few viable oyster beds in the Estuary are located well downstream of Salem in Delaware Bay 7 , therefore these communities are not significantly exposed to the Station's thermal discharge.

No changes in the extent or location of SAV or oyster beds have occurred since 1999.The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration also found that the offshore location and high rates of dilution provided by the Station's discharge design limit exposure of the primary habitat formers and primary producers in the Estuary: rooted vascular plants in the tidal wetlands (PSEG 1999, Appendix E). Thermal plume AT values in the range of 1 OF to 4 OF intermittently contact the shore zone along and near Artificial Island over the tidalcycle. This segment is less than four percent of the more than 280 miles of shore zone habitat along the two sides of the Estuary.

More importantly, temperatures in this range are well below temperatures that are stressful to marsh" plants, and well within the range of natural short-term temporal and spatial variations in Delaware Estuary water temperature.

The 1999 Demonstration concluded that the most likely effect is a positive one, i.e., a slight increase in the duration of temperatures conducive to growth of marsh.plants. Since Salem's offshore thermal discharge and thb factors affecting temperature distributions in the plume have not changed since the 1999 Application (as described in Section 3 -II), this conclusion is still valid.7 The Delaware Bay Oyster Revitalization Project being pursued by NJDEP and others is focused on the area significantly down-estuary from Salem and is not affected by the Salem effluent. (See NJDEP Press Release May 8, 2005).37 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication

4. Shellfish/Macroinvertebrates Salem's thermal discharge was determined to have low potential to threaten -the BIC through its effects on the shellfish/macroinvertebrate biotic category for several reasons.First, most of the Estuary acreage of habitat formers (vascular plants, oysters), the habitat for macroinvertebrate epifauna, is located outside the influence of the Station's thermal plume. Second, the Station's thermal discharge location in the Transition Zone of the Estuary is not the primary habitat of most marine and freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates and macrozooplankton, which are located downstream in the Bay and coastal marine environment or upstream in the freshwater reaches of the Delaware Estuary. Finally, no threatened or endangered shellfish/macroinvertebrate species occur in the vicinity of the thermal discharge.

The water quality, substrate and other habitat suitability factors that primarily control the distribution of shellfish relative to Salem's location in the Estuary have not changed since the 1999 Application and therefore no increase in vulnerability of the shellfish/macroinvertebrate community is expected.The eastern oyster is a dominant attached epifaunal macroinvertebrate in the brackish and saline areas of Delaware Bay. The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration concluded that Salem's thermal discharge does not impact the oyster population in the Estuary since the nearest historical and active oyster beds are located several miles downstream of the discharge location.

The 1999 Demonstration considered it unlikely that oyster beds would recover from the depletion by disease that began in the 1950s until the effects of MSX and Dermo are overcome (e.g., through hatchery production of disease resistant oysters) and hard bottom habitat (e.g., oyster shell) is reestablished.

Since the 1999 Application, no new oyster beds have been established in closer proximity to the Station's thermal discharge and the oyster population remains depleted by diseases.5. Fish The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration concluded that the Station's thermal discharge in the transition zone of the Estuary is at the outer margin of the distribution of most marine and freshwater fish species that inhabit the Delaware Estuary. The only critical function of the habitat in the region of the Estuary near Salem is as a pathway for seasonal fish migrations'(PSEG 1999, Appendix E). Although the abundance of individual fish species in the Estuary varies from year to year, the species composition today remains typical of that historically present in the Estuary. As discussed below in Section 3 -V, the fish community near Salem is still dominated by the same species, representing a seasonally varying mix of estuarine, diadromous and marine species.'The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration concluded that the potential for the thermal discharge to threaten the reproduction and development of fish populations in the Estuary is small since the primary spawning and nursery areas for most fish species in 38 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication the Delaware Estuary are remote from the Station's thermal discharge.

Primary spawning and nursery areas are generally located either downstream in the more saline water of the lower Bay and the Atlantic Ocean, or upstream in freshwater reaches of the Delaware River. At most, the thermal plume reaches the margin of the extensive spawning and nursery areas of euryhaline species such as bay anchovy and weakfish.This distribution of spawning and nursery areas is specific to the evolutionary history of the fish species and their adaptation to conditions favorable for reproduction and growth. Habitat characteristics of the Estuary have not changed. There have been no major habitat alterations other than the improvements in water quality, wetland restoration, and tributary access mentioned above. Temperature and salinity regimes in the Estuary are within ranges expected based on historical data. Because of this, the primary spawning and nursery areas for each fish species remain approximately the same from year to year and, therefore, have-not changed since the 1999 Application.

The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration found that Salem's discharge minimizes the potential for blocking fish migration or causing cold shock. Detailed predictive evaluations on the finfish RIS confirmed that fish migration would be unaffected in over 95 percent of the Estuary cross-section in the vicinity of Salem. Cold shock is highly unlikely since the unconfined location the thermal discharge, high discharge velocities, low ATs beyond the ZIM, and tidally dynamic plume would not attract fish or allow them to acclimate to elevated plume temperatures.

Detailed RIS analyses also showed that the fish RIS could generally tolerate the largest temperature drops that could occur during the unlikely event of two-unit shutdown.

The low potential for Salem's discharge to impact migration or cause cold shock primarily results from the design and location of the discharge and the resulting temperature distributions in the thermal plume. As discussed previously, the configuration of the thermal discharge, the Station's heat rejection rate, and the physical nature of the receiving water body has not changed markedly since the 1999 Application and, hence, these conclusions remains valid.6. Other Vertebrate Wildlife Salem's thermal discharge was determined to have low potential to threaten the BIC through its effects on vertebrate wildlife other than fish because the offshore vicinity of the discharge is not preferred habitat for any species and is only used incidentally by waterfowl for temporary resting and feeding. The preferred habitat for most vertebrate wildlife (e.g., waterfowl, raccoons, muskrats) is the shore zone and its wetlands.Similarly, the 1999 Demonstration concluded that the region of the Station is not the preferred habitat for sea turtles, and is at the margin of the geographical distribution range of Kemp's Ridley, green, and loggerhead sea turtles that occasionally occur near Salem. Further, sea turtles occasionally occurring near the Station are strong swimmers, capable of avoiding plume temperatures warmer than they prefer.

The geographic distribution and habitat use, of other vertebrate wildlife relative to potential exposure to Salem's thermal plume and the swimming capabilities of sea turtles are 39 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal ApplicationFebruary 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication species characteristics, which would not be expected to change, and have not changed, since the 1999 Application.

B. Representative Important Species Although the community evaluation indicated that Salem's thermal discharge would likely expose only a very small portion of the populations of shellfish/macroinvertebrates and fish of the Delaware Estuary during their seasonal occurrence near the Station, the 1999 biothermal assessment analyzed effects of the plume on these two biotic categories in more detail using selected RIS.Species were selected for the analyses using USEPA Draft §316(a) Guidance, which indicates that 5 to 15 RIS should be selected to include species that are: " Commercially and recreationally valuable;* Threatened or endangered;" Critical to the structure and function of the ecosystem (e.g. habitat formers);* Potentially capable of becoming localized nuisance species; and*

• Necessary in the food chain for the well-being of species determined above.Other important considerations for RIS selection include: 1) the extent of the species involvement with the thermal plume, 2) the species' thermal sensitivity, and 3)the quantity and quality of information available for the assessment.

Based on these criteria, the fish species selected as RIS in the 1999 (and 1994)§316(a) Demonstration were alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), American shad (Alosa sapidissima), Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), and white perch (Morone americana).

The macroinvertebrate RIS chosen were blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), opossum shrimp (Neomysis americana), and scud (Gammarus daiberi, G. fasciatus, G. tigrinus).

Table Il1-1 shows how the RIS selection relates to both the selection criteria and results of the community-level, biotic category analysis.

The nature and magnitude of thermal effects on the RIS were predicted using thermal response information available from laboratory studies, and fisheries-independent monitoring data were evaluated for retrospective evidence of appreciable harm to their populations.

The RIS biothermal assessments in the 1999 §316(a)Demonstration focused on fish and shellfish/macroinvertebrates because these two components of the community include the principal commercial and recreational species in the Estuary, and, since they include the principal top-level consumers in the 40 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication community, should be sensitive indicators of any ecologically significant effects at lower trophic levels.The 1999 assessment's predictive analysis compared thermal tolerance and response data (e.g., upper and lower temperature tolerances, preference and avoidance temperatures, and optimum temperatures for growth) for each RIS with the reasonable worst-case water temperature exposures that they could receive from Salem's discharge.

These comparisons showed that Salem's thermal plume would not be expected to cause significant adverse thermal effects on the RIS or to harm the populations of the RIS in the Delaware Estuary (see Section 3 -I -B -2 above for specific conclusions of the RIS analysis).

The response of the RIS to the Station's thermal discharge depends primarily on species-specific temperature requirements, the temperatures to which the organisms are physiologically acclimated, and temperature exposure in the plume (total temperature and duration of exposure).

Species temperature requirements are genetically determined and therefore have not changed since the 1999 Application.

Acclimation temperature in the 1999 biothermal assessment was conservatively assumed equal to ambient water temperature, which, as discussed in Section 3 -II -B, has not changed since the 1999 Application.

The thermal discharge, including discharge flow and exit velocity, has not changed since the 1999 application (see Section 3 -II). Therefore, time and temperature exposures of the RIS are also unchanged.

An underlying assumption of the RIS approach for biothermal assessment is that the selected RIS are representative of the communify or biotic category in the receiving water body. As summarized below, the RIS evaluated in the 1999 §316(a)Demonstration continue to reasonably represent the thermal responses expected in the fish and shellfish/macroinvertebrate communities.

Involvement with the Thermal Plume The fish RIS assessed in the §316(a) Demonstration continue to dominate the fish community in the vicinity of Salem's discharge, comprising about 79 percent of the total fish species collected in nearfield bottom trawls during 1999 -2004 (Table 111-2).Although blue crab abundance in the Estuary has trended lower in the past few years, blue crab remain the most important shellfish species in the transition zone near Salem.Scud and opossum shrimp are abundant in mid-Atlantic estuaries and continue to beamong the most abundant epibenthic macroinvertebrates found in the vicinity of Salem.Commercial and Recreational Importance The RIS assessed in 1999 include nine commercially and/or recreationally important species (Table I11-1). All of the fish RIS except bay anchovy are sought by commercial 41 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication and/or recreational fishermen.

In addition, the shellfish RIS, blue crab, is the only commercially and recreationally important shellfish species commonly occurring in the vicinity of the Station.Trophic Importance The RIS assessed in the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration include eight species that play key roles in the food web, many of which are also important links for energy transfer from the tidal wetlands to the mainstem of the Estuary (Table Il1-1). In addition, the young of other RIS, such as striped bass and white perch, which utilize the Estuary for spawning and nursery habitat also serve as forage and are, therefore, an integral part of the food web of the Estuary. As noted above, the fish RIS represent about 79 percent of the fish collected in nearfield bottom trawls from 1999 -2004. The fish RIS and blue crab comprised about 82 percent of the numbers of fish and shellfish collected in impingement monitoring at the Station during the same period. In addition, opossum shrimp and scud remain important trophic components of the Estuary, transferring energy from marsh-based detritus to higher trophic levels.

Thermal Sensitivity The RIS selected for the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration have a range of thermal sensitivity characteristic of the species seasonally present near the Station's discharge.

Opossum shrimp and the three Alosids (American shad, alewife, and blueback herring)have relatively low upper tolerance limits, while scud and the remainder of the fish RIS have moderate to high thermal tolerance, and blue crab has very high temperature tolerance (PSEG 1999, Appendix E, Figures VI-13 to VI-18). The thermal response characteristics of the RIS are genetically determined and, therefore, have not changed since the 1999 Application.

Availability of Information The thermal response data available for most of the RIS evaluated in the 1999§316(a) Demonstration are among the most extensive available.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, biothermal laboratory studies sponsored by PSEG were conducted on these species because their occurrence in the transition zone of the Estuary and potential involvement with the plume were recognized early in the history of the extensive studies related to Salem's thermal discharge.

In addition, similar studies conducted at about the same time on the Hudson River Estuary extensively added to the thermal response database for several of the RIS, especially the herring species, white perch, striped bass, scud, and opossum shrimp. Additional studies conducted elsewhere through 1998 were also included in the 1999 analysis.

However, very little biothermal information on the RIS has been published in recent years, and what has is not directly applicable to the analyses of thermal discharge impacts on the RIS (Section 42 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3- 316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication 3 -IV). No new information is available that would change the thermal responsethresholds used in the 1999 assessment or alter the conclusions reached.Threatened and Endangered The 1999 §316(a) Demonstration evaluated the impacts of the Station's thermal discharge on sea turtles (Kemp's Ridley, Atlantic loggerhead, and green) and shortnose sturgeon, the only threatened and endangered species that have any potential for exposure to Salem's thermal plume. These species were found to have minimal potential for exposure to harmful temperatures in the Station's discharge because their exposure is limited by the life history characteristics and distribution of these species, as well as their ability to avoid stressful temperatures.

These species characteristics wouldnot be expected to change, except over evolutionary timescales or following extreme environmental perturbation. There have been no new threatened or endangered species that have a potential for exposure to Salem's thermal plume. Therefore, the conclusion of the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration-that Salem's thermal discharge does not jeopardize populations of threatened or endangered species-does not change.C. Community Status Based on analyses of empirical information available at the time, the 1999 §316(a)Demonstration concluded that 20 years of operation of Salem's cooling water system, including its thermal discharge, showed no adverse effects on the biological communities of the Delaware Estuary. To the contrary, improvements in the aquatic community principally attributable to advances in wastewater treatment and fishery management practices were evident since Salem began operation.

As documented in Section 3 -V, updated analyses of the fish community and RIS, including the results of expanded field monitoring programs conducted annually since 1998, continue to indicate that a balanced indigenous community has been maintained in the Estuary. Salem's thermal discharge has not caused any of the phenomena considered to be indicative of appreciable harm from thermal discharge (USEPA 1977).There has been no outbreak of nuisance species or transition to a heat-tolerant community, no long-term decrease in indigenous species, no simplification of the community or reduction in heterogeneity, and no adverse impact on economic or recreational use of the Estuary.Salem Unit 1 and Unit 2 have operated for over 26 years and 22 years, respectively.

During this relatively long operational period, the abundance of species comprising the aquatic community has fluctuated in response to natural environmental factors and human use of the Estuary and Mid-Atlantic Bight. Given this history, it is highly unlikely that future changes in the community due to natural fluctuations or human actions will appreciably increase its vulnerability to the Station's thermal discharge.

This extensive history allows an evaluation of trends over a sufficient period to see any interaction of 43 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication the thermal plume with numerous environmental and anthropogenic factors-it is reasonable to assume future interactions would be within the range already experienced.

Salem's thermal discharge should continue to be protective of the BIC. In addition, the fact that the community continues to be balanced and diverse suggests that other environmental stresses have not resulted in damage to the community that might increase its susceptibility to effects from Salem's thermal discharge.

The community should continue to tolerate the thermal discharge without incurring appreciable harm.D. Conclusions Evaluation of community attributes that affect exposure and response to Salem's thermal discharge indicates that the vulnerability of the aquatic community to the thermal discharge has not changed since the 1999 Application.

The structure of the community affected by exposure to the thermal plume is primarily determined by physical and chemical habitat characteristics that have not changed substantially, or have varied within normal bounds, since the 1999 Application.

Continuing improvements in water quality and restoration of marshlands has enhanced habitat and increased productivity in the Estuary since 1999.Ecosystem, community and species factors primarily responsible for limiting impacts of the thermal discharge have not changed since the 1999 Application, including:

• High turbidity and low phytoplankton productivity in the transition zone near Salem;* Variable salinities and resulting osmotic stresses in the region of the Estuary where the thermal discharge is located;* Strong tidal currents, turbulence, and scouring in the vicinity of the discharge;" Large river cross-section in the vicinity of the discharge;

• High reproductive rates of the phytoplankton and zooplankton communities;

• Rooted vegetation, the primary source of energy production in the Estuary, is primarily located in marshes distant from the offshore thermal discharge;

• Scouring and turbidity in the mainstem of the Estuary limit the development of fixed, habitat-forming beds of SAV in the Estuary and the vicinity of the thermal discharge;

• No critical spawning and nursery habitats in the vicinity of the thermal discharge;

• Swim speeds of fish and shellfish/macroinvertebrates do not allow them to reside in high velocity, high temperature portions of the plume;* Mobility of fish and shellfish/macroinvertebrates (i.e., relative to avoidance of stressful temperatures);

and 44 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal 0 ASA Analysis and Communication

• Thermal tolerances of the species (i.e., relative to time and temperature exposures in the reasonable worst-case plume).Evaluation of the §316(a) Draft Guidance criteria for selecting RIS in the context of recent monitoring data, ecological roles, and commercial and recreational importance, indicates that the RIS used in the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration are still representative of the balanced indigenous community of fish and shellfish near Salem. Therefore, the predictive and retrospective RIS assessments prepared for the 1999 Application continue to validly support the conclusion that the Station's thermal discharge does not threaten the BIC.The levels of conservatism used in the 1999 predictive assessment and the use of updated retrospective analyses (Section 3 -V) to confirm the maintenance of a BIC in the Delaware Estuary provides additional assurance that the conclusions of the 1999§316(a) Demonstration will continue to apply. From a predictive standpoint, uncertainty associated with variations in the abundance of species comprising the aquatic community was addressed in the 1999 assessment by incorporating a margin of safety using conservative assumptions (e.g., one in ten-year exposure extremes, acclimation to ambient temperature, continuous plume residence).

From a retrospective standpoint (see Sections 3 -III and 3 -V), the station has been operating with no significant harm to the BIC for several decades, providing additional assurance that normal variations inthe aquatic community (in addition to variations in plume exposure) does not adversely affect the estuarine community.

0 45 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication Table Il1-1 RIS Selection for Detailed Predictive and Retrospective Assessments in the 1999 §316(a) Demonstration (Source: PSEG 1999, Appendix E)USEPA SELECTION CRITERION:

DETAILED RIS VULNERABILITY SPECIES ADDRESSED EVALUATION EVALUATION ADDITIONAL EXPLANATION Commercial

& Recreational:

Species selected to address the non-LPIP biotic categories:

macroinvertebratesand fish.Alewife '4 American shad '4 Atlantic croaker '4 Blue crab '4 Blueback herring Spot '4 Striped bass '4 Weakfish '4 White Perch '4 Threatened or Endangered:

Kemp's Ridley turtle (E) '4 LPI finding (Other Vertebrate Wildlife) -evaluated species vulnerability as part of biotic category vulnerability assessment.

Shortnose sturgeon (E) '4 Low species vulnerability -evaluated species vulnerability as part of biotic category vulnerability assessment.

Atlantic loggerhead turtle (T) '4 LPI finding (Other Vertebrate Wildlife) -evaluated species vulnerability as part of biotic category vulnerability assessment.

Green sea turtle (T) '4 LPI finding (Other Vertebrate Wildlife) -evaluated species vulnerability as part of biotic category vulnerability assessment.

Habitat Forming: '4 LPI finding (Habitat Formers) -

evaluated aquatic vascular plants in biotic No Species Selected category vulnerability assessment.

Nuisance Species: Evaluate as appreciable harm decision factor, not as RIS.No Species Selected Evaluated nuisance potential in biotic category vulnerability assessment.

Important Food Web Linkage: Species selected to address the non-LPI biotic categories:

macroinvertebrates and fish.Alewife '4 Atlantic croaker '_h LPI = Low Potential Impact, a term used by USEPA 1977 Draft 316(a) guidance to indicate a low risk of appreciable harm from thermal discharge.

46 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication USEPA SELECTION CRITERION:

DETAILED RIS VULNERABILITY SPECIES ADDRESSED EVALUATION EVALUATION ADDITIONAL EXPLANATION Bay anchovy I/Blue crab [_Blueback herring __Opossum shrimp Scud __Spot x/Other Consideration:Thermal sensitivity Eurythermal species selected are characteristic of temperate estuary salinity transition zone.Involvement with Salem '/ The 12 selected RIS are among the most abundant species entrained and impinged at Salem and/or reside or migrate through the area occupied by the thermal plume.Guideline of 5-15 species -_/___ 12 RIS selected 47 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal ApplicationFebruary 1, 2006 Section 3 -316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication Table 111-2 Summary of Species and Totals Collected by Year for PSEG Bottom Trawl Survey Nearfield Region (Zones 6 & 7) for the Period 1999 -2004 CO199M00N 2 2 24PR (RIS shaded in y~ellow) *1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 TOTAL PERCENT ATLANTIC CROAKER'HOGCHOKER BAY ANCH OVX*WIJ7FPEC SPOTTED HAKE STRIPED CUSK-EEL AMERICAN EEL STRIPED BASSk-NAIKEP.GOBYOYSTER TOADFISH CHANNEL CATFISH SPOT' I >'~NORTHERN SEAROBINSUMMER FLOUNDER ATLANTIC HERRING.1, 1 ... 1 A .A T C H ! I R N............. ...............

NORTHERN KINGFISH BLACK DRUM NORTHERN PIPEFISH ATLANTIC MENHADEN BLACK SEA BASS..B. C ..S .A..B. S ..... ..... .. ....................

WINDOWPANE.... !EY.TE SH ~ ...........

I.............................

BUTTERFISH SILVER PERCH BLUEFISH-BLU)EBACK H ERRING WINTER FLOUNDER AM ERICAN SHADU2>2 BROWN BULLHEAD....s c ~u ............................................. ......... .......

STRIPED SEAROBIN GOBIIDAE NORTHERN STARGAZERWHITE CATFISH

...

FLOU.NDER!

SPOTFIN BUTTERFLYFISH UNIDENTIFIED SEA ROBIN ATLANTIC MOONFISHATLANTIC SILVERSIDE CARP C --N G ER- ...........

E ..............

E.L CONGER EEL 1,617 __222 1,1383 1. 544 867 582 776 418 370 i 443.23 73 22] 42 106 i 19 17 34 31 19.?27.. .......

................... ....! ..7. I 9 297 27 15 3 119 7 18 21 6 4 41 2 4 9...............

16 3 2 4 2 13 4 3 3..5 2,092...585 1,710 1,080 338 42 224 109 37 7 2 17 23 6 5,828 13,876 1,100 2,207.... .. ......

......... 2 o 520 3,085 ,I 24- 645 361 1 1,691 S31 800.. ...... ...... -F .. .. ........ .

.........

....281 250 59 ! 171 2,ý 3.53 711 162 221 2412............. .

..15.................................................... ..9 22 3.35.. ............. ..2 _ .................

7 10....... _ ...{ ...................................................... .... ............. .... ..............2 15 ... 1 7,62 1,70 67 23 2 19! .......5 2 3'6 31,261 0 8479 7] 8,471 5 .4,348'4 3,877 2 _ 1,697 14 959i 64 691 56 446 7 380 2 328 79 150._ .. .....

.................

....... .105 2 88 3 79 2 63........ ...........

.............. ..+62..... ................ 5 1 1 38.. .................. .............

..28 27 23 4] 22...... ..... .

.... .1...........

18 16 15 13 13 10 1 8 8 6 6 3. 6..4 i2 i.. .....;. ......

.....................

! ... ..... ... .E13.716--13.703 7.033 6.271 2.745 0.72 0.531 0.243 0.170 0.142 0.12811 1 II-. .

! .....0.10 28 0.100 0.082 0.061 0.045..........

o.q3..0.044 0.037 0.036 0".029 0....o.026..

0.024 0.021 0.0211 0.016 0.0 13 0.013 0.010 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.002 7 2 2 6.......41 3 2 2 7 6 1 31 5 4.......2 I 48 Salem NJPDES Permit Renewal Application February 1, 2006 Section 3- 316(a) Variance Renewal ASA Analysis and Communication Table 111-2 continued (RIS shadedirn ellow) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 TOTAL PERCENT.CO vNOSE .AY ..................

RAY LOOKDOWN RED HAKE SHORTNOSE STURGEONSTRIPED ANCHOVY

...... S. R ! I .. .N .V Y ...........-

....................

ATLANTIC STURGEON BLACK CRAPPIEBLACKCHEEK TONGUEFISH BLUEGILL CREVALLE JACK EASTERN SILVERY MINNOW FEATHJER B-LENýNY"'-

-'FRINGED FLOUNDER GIZZARD SHAD GOLDEN SHINER HARVESTFISH LINSHORELIZAROF..SH

.................LINED SEAHORSE MORONE SPP ......

.........MUMM1CHOG.

PERMIT ........SEA LAMPREY SEA RAVEN.E A.. ..VsE S E N ." I'l- I...W .........................

SH11EEPSI-EAD MIJNNOQW SILVER HAKE S-PANISH.M.A.C.KEREL

.... s.[AN!S.EMA C .R L .......................

SPOTTAIL SHINER STRIPED KILLIFISH I ............ F -[ .1 .1 1.. .............................

.......STrRIPED .M .U LLET ....................................THREESPINE STICKLEBACK UNKNOWN SPP.WHITE CRAPPIE YELLO. W PER*-CH....................

Total I I.. ........................... ........0 0 0..............

....................

...0* 0 0 0 0.0.. ..............

............... ..0 0 0 0 0* 0..........

0 0 0 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0 .....0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000-0.:000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0 o.000.... .... ... ...

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.......... 1'.o .o....

0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.0..........

......0.............. ..............

0 0 0 0..... ....

......... .. .... ..... ...

0 o....... ..

6 1,................0 5,568 3,595 6,399 9,350 24,415 49 NON-PSEG.June 14, 2007 Mary A. Colligan Assistant Regional Administrator for Protected Resources National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Region One Blackburn Drive Gloucester, MA 01930-2298

SUBJECT:

HOPE CREEK EXTENDED POWER UPRATE ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT ASSESSMENT

Dear Ms. Colligan:

The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff has prepared the enclosed essential fish habitat (EFH) assessment to determine if the proposed extended power uprate (EPU) of the Hope Creek Generating Station (HCGS) would adversely affect EFH. The proposed action would result in an increase in power output of up to 20% and would not entail major construction activity.

HCGS is located on Artificial Island in Lower Alloways Creek Township, New Jersey, adjacent to the Delaware Estuary.The NRC staff's assessment considers the impacts of HCGS operation on the EFH of species managed by the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council. The assessment addresses potential adverse effects on EFH for the species and life stages that could potentially occur in the vicinity of the plant. The NRC staff concludes that the proposed EPU would have a minimal adverse effect on EFH. In preparing our assessment and reaching our conclusion, the NRC staff relied on information provided by the licensee, on other literature, and on information from the National Marine Fisheries Service's Northeast Regional Office. We look forward to your comments on the assessment.

If you have any questions regarding this assessment or the staff's request, please contact Dr. Dennis Logan, Aquatic Biologist, at 301-415-0490 or by e-mail at dtl1(@nrc..ov.

Sincerely, IRA!Eric Benner, Branch ChiefEnvironmental Branch A Division of License Renewal Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation Docket No. 50-354

Enclosure:

EFH Assessment cc w/enclosure:

See next page June 14, 2007 Mary A. Colligan Assistant Regional Administrator for Protected Resources National Marine Fisheries Service 9 Northeast Region One Blackburn Drive Gloucester, MA 01930-2298

Subject:

Hope Creek Extended Power Uprate Essential Fish Habitat Assessment

Dear Ms. Colligan:

The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) staff has prepared the enclosed essential fish habitat (EFH) assessment to determine if the proposed extended power uprate (EPU) of the Hope Creek Generating Station (HCGS) would adversely affect EFH. The proposed action would result in an increase in power output of up to 20% and would not entail major construction activity.

HCGS is located on Artificial Island in Lower Alloways Creek Township, New Jersey, adjacent to the Delaware Estuary.The NRC staff's assessment considers the impacts of HCGS operation on the EFH of species managed by the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council. The assessment addresses potential adverse effects on EFH for the species and life stages that could potentially occur in the vicinity of the plant. The NRC staff concludes that the proposed EPU would have a minimal adverse effect on EFH. In preparing our assessment and reaching our conclusion, the NRC staff relied on information provided by the licensee, on other literature, and on information from the National Marine Fisheries Service's Northeast Regional Office. We look forward to your comments on the assessment.

If you have any questions regarding this assessment or the staff's request, please contact Dr. Dennis Logan, Aquatic Biologist, at 301-415-0490 or by e-mail at dtl1(@nrc.gov.

Sincerely, IRA!Eric Benner, Branch Chief Environmental Branch ADivision of License Renewal Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation Docket No. 50-354

Enclosure:

EFH Assessment cc w/enclosure:

See next page DISTRIBUTION:

D. Logan H. Nash A. Luu E. Benner JShea Adam Accession No. ML071520463 OFFICE DLR:REBA DLR:LA DLR:REBA:ES DLR:REBA:PM DLR:REBA:BC NAME D. Logan I. King H. Nash (w/ changes) A. Luu E. Benner DATE 06/7/07 06/5/07 06/13/07 06/13/07 06/14/07 OFFICIAL RECORD COPY Hope Creek Generating Station cc: Mr. Dennis Winchester Vice President

-Nuclear Assessments PSEG Nuclear P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. George P. Barnes Site Vice President

-Hope Creek PSEG Nuclear P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. George H. Gellrich Plant Support Manager PSEG Nuclear P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. Michael J. Massaro Plant Manager -Hope Creek PSEG Nuclear P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. James MallonManager -Licensing 200 Exelon Way -KSA 3-E Kennett Square, PA 19348 Mr. Jeffrie J.

Keenan, Esquire PSEG Nuclear -N21 P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. Michael Jesse Manager -Regulatory Assurance P.O. Box 236 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Township ClerkLower Alloways Creek Township Municipal Building, P.O. Box 157 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Mr. Paul Bauldauf, P.E., Asst. Director Radiation Protection Programs NJ Department of Environmental Protection and Energy CN 415 Trenton, NJ 08625-0415 Mr. Brian Beam Board of Public Utilities 2 Gateway Center, Tenth Floor Newark, NJ 07102Regional Administrator, Region I U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 475 Allendale Road King of Prussia, PA 19406 Senior Resident Inspector Hope Creek Generating Station U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Drawer 0509 Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038 Stan Gorski Habitat Conservation Division James J. Howard Marine Sciences Laboratory 74 Magruder Road Highlands, NJ 07732 Essential Fish Habitat Assessment Hope Creek Generating Station Extended Power Uprate 2007 Enclosure ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT ASSESSMENT FOR AN EXTENDED POWER UPRATE AT HOPE CREEK GENERATING STATION

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issues licenses for domestic power plants in accordance with the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and NRC implementing regulations.

NRC is reviewing an application submitted by PSEG Nuclear LLC (PSEG or applicant) for an extended power uprate (EPU) for the Hope Creek Generating Station. The result of the uprate.would be an increase in maximum thermal power of 20%.The 1996 amendments to the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA) identify the importance of habitat protection to healthy fisheries.

The amendments known as the Sustainable Fisheries Act strengthen the governing agencies' authorities toprotect and conserve the habitat of marine, estuarine, and anadromous animals (NEFMC 1999). Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) is defined as those waters and substrata necessary for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity (MSA, 16 USC 1801 et seq.). Designating EFH is an essential component in the development of Fishery Management Plans to assess the effects of habitat loss or degradation on fishery stocks and to take actions to mitigate such damage. This responsibility was expanded to insure additional habitat protection (NMFS 1999).The consultation requirements of Section 305(b) of the MSA provide that Federal agencies consult with the Secretary of Commerce on all actions or proposed actions authorized, funded, or undertaken by the agency that may adversely affect EFH.Hope Creek Generating Station is located on Artificial Island on the New Jersey shore of the Delaware Estuary, which serves as the plant's source of cooling water and the receiving water body for the effluent.2.0 PROPOSED FEDERAL ACTION The proposed action is to amend Hope Creek Generating Station's Operating License to increase the core thermal power level from 3,339 to 3,952 megawatts thermal (MWt), an increase great enough to be classified as an EPU. The original Operating License NPF-57 authorized operation up to a maximum power level of 3,293 MWt. NRC authorized a 1.4 %thermal power increase to 3,339 MWt in 2001. The increase in thermal power would be achieved by installing a turbine of higher efficiency, which would extract additional electrical power from the steam, and by increasing the heat output of the reactor. The intent is to raise the power level in increments that would not exceed the maximum level of 3,952 MWt. Under EPU conditions, the maximum power level would be 120% of the original licensed level or a 20% increase.3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING IN RELATION TO EFH Hope Creek Generating Station is located on Artificial Island, on the eastern bank (New Jersey)of the Delaware River Estuary and is about 50 miles north of the mouth of the Bay. At Artificial Island the estuary is tidal with a net flow south; it is roughly 5000 m (16,000 ft) wide, and turns to the left (looking south). The Army Corps of Engineers maintains a dredged navigation channel close to the center of the river, about 2011 m (6,600 ft) west of the Hope Creek Generating Station discharge. The channel is about 12 m (40 ft) deep and about 400 m (1300 ft) wide. On the New Jersey side of the channel, water depths (MLW) are fairly uniform at about 6 m (20 ft). Predominant tides in the area are semi-diurnal with a 12.42-hour period and a mean tidal range of 1.68 m (5.5 ft). The maximum tidal currents occur in the channel, and currents flow more slowly over the shallower areas. (NRC 1984, Najarian Associates 2004)Maximum tidal currents in this area as reported in NRC 1984 are summarized in the table below: Location in Relation to Hope Creek Generating Station Tide 4710 m (15,450 ft) 1510 m (4950 ft)Upstream Downstream Flood 1.23 m/sec (4.05 ft/sec) 0.77 m/sec (2.53 ft/sec)Ebb 1.34 m/sec (4.39 ft/sec) 0.98 m/sec (3.21 ft/sec)Salinity is an important determinant of biotic distribution in estuaries, and salinity near the plant site depends on river flow. NRC (1984) reported that during low-flow period average salinity in this reach ranged from 5 to 18 parts per thousand (ppt) and during other periods from 0 to 5 ppt. Najarian Associates (2004) and PSEG Services Corp. (2005) characterized salinity at the plant as ranging between 0 and 20 ppt and, in summer during periods of low flow, typically exceeding 6 ppt. Based on temperature and conductivity data collected by the U.S.Geological Survey (USGS) at Reedy Island, just north of Artificial Island, Najarian Associates (2004) calculated salinity from 1991 through 2002. Visual examination of their Figure B6 indicates that salinity appears to have a median of about 5 ppt, exceeded 12 ppt in only two years and 13 ppt in only one year, and never exceeded about 15 ppt during this entire 11-year period. Based on these observations, NRC staff assumes that salinity is typically from 0 to 5 ppt in periods of low flow (typically but not always summer) and 5 to 12 ppt in periods of high flow. Within these larger patterns, salinity at any location also varies with the tides.Monthly average surface water temperatures vary with season: between 1977 and 1982 temperatures ranged from -0.9 °C (30.4 OF) in February 1982 to 30.5 °C (86.9.°F) in August 1980. Although the estuary in this reach is generally well mixed, it can occasionally stratify, with surface temperatures 1 ° to 2 'C (2 ° to 4 OF) higher than bottom temperatures and salinity increasing as much as 2.0 ppt per meter of water depth. (NRC 1984)The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA 1998) summarized conditions in the Delaware Estuary in a report on Mid-Atlantic estuaries and provided the following insights.

Estuarine waters are categorized in three zones based on salinity:

oligohaline (0 to 5 ppt), mesohaline (5 to 18 ppt), and polyhaline (greater than 18 ppt). The reach adjacent to Artificial Island is at the interface of the oligo- and mesohaline zones-oligohaline during high flow and mesohaline during low flow conditions.

Water clarity here is generally fair (EPA classes are good, fair, and poor), which EPA explains as meaning that a wader in waist-deep water would not be able to see his feet. Directly above and below this reach EPA lists water clarity as poor, which they define as meaning that a diver would not be able to see his hand at arm's length. Most estuarine waters in the Mid-Atlantic have good water clarity. Lower water clarity is typically due to phytoplankton blooms, suspended sediments from runoff from land or wind over shallow water, and detritus from tributaries and the main stem of the river..EPA (1989) classifies concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are plant nutrients that can cause eutrophication and algal blooms in rivers and estuaries, in this reach as poor in a rating system of good, fair, or poor. High loads of these two nutrients to the Delaware Estuary largely come from point sources (e.g., sewage treatment plants) in the highly urbanized upper estuary. While high nutrient levels can lead to algal blooms and subsequent low dissolved oxygen levels -and odors, EPA (1989) reports that dissolved

'oxygen and chlorophyll (a measure of phytoplankton density) levels in this reach of the Delaware Estuary were good in spite of highnutrient levels.

EPA (1989) indicates that the typical pattern did not occur in this reach of the Delaware Estuary because "murky water inhibits persistent algal blooms." Algal blooms here are limited by light, not by nutrient levels.

More recently, the Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) reported somewhat different conditions.

DRBC assessed the water quality of the Delaware River and Estuary in years 2000 through 2002 (DRBC 2004) and 2002 through 2004 (DRBC 2007) in terms of Designated Uses, among which is the use of "Supporting Aquatic Life." For its environmental sampling programs, DRBC divides the Delaware Estuary into 6 Zones, some with sub-Zones, and Zone 5 includes Artificial Island. Because of low concentrations of dissolved oxygen, the DRBC reports conclude that Zone 5 did not meet the use of supporting aquatic life between the years 2000 and 2004.The benthic or bottom-dwelling community of estuarine invertebrates performs many ecological functions.

Some species or groups of species form habitat by building reefs (e.g., oysters and some polychaete worms) or by stabilizing or destabilizing of soft substrata (some bivalves, polychaetes, and amphipods).

Some benthic organisms are filter feeders that clean the overlying water (e.g., oysters, bivalves, some polychaetes and others). Some consume detritus, or dead plant material.

While the benthic community contains within it many trophic levels, it also provides a trophic base for fish and shellfish (such as crabs) valued by humans.Besides these important ecological functions, benthic communities are sensitive indicators of pollution and the general condition of rivers and estuaries.

They are sensitive because they are relatively immobile and cannot avoid exposure to the overlying water or underlying sediments and because their diverse members have a variety of physiological sensitivities to environmental conditions.

And they are good indicators because they are relatively easy to sample and observe. EPA developed an index of benthic condition, with classes of good, impacted, and severely impacted, and applied it to Mid-Atlantic estuaries (EPA 1998). About a quarter of the Delaware estuary has impacted conditions, and the benthic condition index generally increases from severely impacted to good moving south from Philadelphia to the mouth of the Bay. EPA (1998) classifies the benthic community in the reach adjacent to Hope Creek and Artificial Island as impacted and good south of the island. The sediment texture in the transition zone that includes Artificial Island are primarily mud, muddy sand, and sandy mud (PSEG 2006).Many contaminants that enter the estuary bind to detritus and suspended sediment particles, which can settle to the bottom where contaminant concentrations may exceed concentrations in.the water column. Aquatic organisms can then be directly exposed by living in, on, or near the sediments; by feeding on plants and animals that are directly exposed to sediment contaminants or are exposed though food-web transfer; and by being exposed to resuspended sediments.

Sediments form a reservoir that can release persistent contaminants long after other sources have ceased. Typical contaminants in rivers and estuaries include metals (e.g., chromium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, arsenic, and zinc), polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides.

EPA (1998) categorized the sediment contamination as posing (1) no risk, (2) minimal risk, or (3) potential risk to aquatic life and found that found that 53% of sediments in, Mid-Atlantic estuaries posed no risk. They reported that sediments in the Delaware Estuary off Artificial Island posed minimal risk to aquatic life.Sediment contaminant levels in Mid-Atlantic estuaries have generally improved due to increased regulation of point and non-point source pollution, and this trend may occur in the Delaware Estuary as well.The properties that cause some contaminants that accumulate in sediments (e.g., persistence, affinity for organic material) also cause them to bioaccumulate in fish. Some fish species that occur in the vicinity of Artificial Island have body burdens of contaminants high enough to result in fish consumption advisories.

The States of New Jersey (New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services 2006) and Delaware (DNREC 2007) have issued Fish Consumption Advisories for their respective Delaware Estuary waters. For the reach of the Estuary between the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, which is just north of Hope Creek Generating Station, to the mouth of the Bay, the consumption advisories for both states are similar and are as follows: (1) For all weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) and for bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) 14-in. long orless, the general population and high risk individuals are advised to eat no more than one 8-oz meal per month or less due to PCB contamination.

(2) For all striped bass (Morone saxatilis), white perch (M. americana), American eel (Anguilla rostrata), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), white catfish (Ameiurus catus), bluefish greater than 14-in. long, members of the general population are advised to eat no more than one 8-oz meal per year due to PCB and mercury contamination.

High risk individuals, i.e., women of child-bearing age and children, should not eat any amount of these fish.While fish advisories per se do not show that contaminant exposure from water and sediments is adversely affecting fish populations or other natural populations that prey on these fish, they do show that environmental contaminants are being bioaccumulated and passed through natural food webs in aquatic habitats near Hope Creek Generating Station.4.0 PLANT COOLING WATER SYSTEM AND THERMAL EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS The potential impacts to fish habitat from the proposed action would primarily be due to operation of the cooling water system. Hope Creek Generating Station dissipates heat to the atmosphere through a closed-cycle system with a natural-draft cooling tower, which minimizes water withdrawn from and heated effluent released to the Delaware Estuary. The description of the cooling water system below is based on the Final Environmental Statement (NRC 1984), the Environmental Report for the proposed EPU (PSEG Services Corp. 2005), and the recent hydrothermal modeling report prepared for the EPU application (Najarian Associates 2004).

The west face of the cooling water intake structure is parallel to and flush with the shoreline and 34 m (112 ft) long. Water flows into the structure at a maximum velocity of 10.7 cm/s (0.35 ft/sec). Coated carbon-steel trash racks, 3 in. deep and 3/4 in. wide, located on 3-in.centers, are located in front of the intake structure.

After passing through the trash racks, the intake water flows through modified Ristroph-design traveling screens at about 11.9 m/sec(0.39 ft/sec).

'The mesh size of the vertical screens is 1.27 cm x 0.32 cm (11/2 in. X 1/8 in.). Each basket of the screen has a trough or fish bucket on the lower lip. Low pressure (less than 20 pounds per square inch [psi]) sprays wash impinged organisms into a fish return trough. Then high pressure sprays (about 90 psi) wash the remaining debris into a debris trough. The fish and debris troughs combine and return the fish to the Delaware Estuary. The screens do not operate continuously.

From the intake structure, water flows to four circulating water pumps, two or three of which normally operate at any time, and on to the condenser.

In the condenser, heat from the hot steam exhausting from the turbine generator is transferred to the cooling water, although the steam and cooling water never come into direct contact. The heated cooling water then flows to the station's single natural-draft cooling tower, where it is released in the tower and forms small droplets that fall like rainfall in the tower and release heat through evaporation.

The warm, moist air in the tower rises and pulls ambient air into'the tower. Evaporation leaves solids behind in the cooling water, which is collected at the bottom of the tower. Some of the warmed cooling water, now with elevated concentrations of dissolved solids and called"blowdown," is recycled within the cooling tower and the rest is released into the estuary through a gravity-fed 48-in discharge pipe. Cooling water to replace the blowdown, the"makeup water," is withdrawn from the estuary through the intake structure and service water pumps.The volume makeup cooling water withdrawn from the estuary is the sum of the blowdown released and the evaporative loss from the cooling tower. The evaporative loss is a function of several factors including air temperature and humidity, circulating water flow, and cooling water temperature.

Evaporative loss from the cooling tower would increase about 20% over original conditions during EPU conditions.

The concentration of solids in the blowdown is now about 30% higher than in the makeup water, and this difference would increase about 9% from the original conditions under EPU conditions.

After the EPU, the plant would tend to produce less effluent (blowdown), but the total dissolved solids (TDS) content of that effluent would be * *higher. Because the density of the effluent is determined by both temperature and TDS, the effluent may be either less (and tend to float) or more dense (and tend to sink) than the receiving water, depending on conditions at the time.The four circulating water pumps have a design capacity of 138,000 gallons per minute (gpm)each, or 552,000 gpm total. Normally only two or three pumps are required to provide the total service water flow, which includes the makeup water and any auxiliary cooling water. The volume required depends on temperature.

When the ambient water temperature is greater than 70 'F, typically June through September, three pumps operate to supply about 52,000 gpm of total service water.

At temperatures below 70 'F, typically November through April, two pumps operate to supply about 37,000 gpm of total service water.Sodium hypochlorite is injected into the cooling water system to control biological growth, and the dosage is controlled to maintain measurable free available chlorine in the cooling towerbasin and the outlet of the main condensers.

Chlorine-produced oxidants are reduced in the effluent by a dechorination system that employs ammonium bisulfite.

Acute and chronic toxicity 0 test results of the effluent from 1998 through 2001 indicate that the discharge is not toxic.Thermal effluent limitations for Hope Creek Generating Station are imposed though New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NJPDES) permits. The plant has a designated heat dissipation area no larger than 2500 ft (762 m) upstream or downstream and 1500 ft (457 m)offshore from the discharge point. Outside of the designated area, water temperature increases attributable to the plant cannot exceed ambient water temperature by more than 2.2 °C (4 OF) in non-summer months of September through May or 0.8 0C (1.5 OF) in summer months of June through August. In addition, the maximum water temperature attributable to the plant outside of the designated area cannot exceed 30 0C (86 OF). Temperature records from USGS monitoring station at Reedy Point, about 3 km (2 mi).upriver from HCGS, has been used to determine ambient water temperature.

In addition to the other requirements, the one-hour average temperature of the effluent on any day cannot exceed 36.2 0C (97.1 OF). (PSEG Services Corp. 2005, Najarian Associates 2004).Cooling water withdrawal affects aquatic populations through impingement of larger individuals (e.g., fish, some crustaceans, turtles, etc.), on the trash racks and intake debris screens and through entrainment of smaller organisms that pass through the screens into the cooling water system. The proposed action would not change the volume or rate of cooling water withdrawn.

Most of the additional heat generating under the EPU would be dissipated by the cooling tower, and PSEG proposes no changes to the cooling water system.Discharge of heated effluent alters natural thermal and current regimes and can induce thermal shock. The HCGS effluent would change under the EPU. Because the volume of makeup water withdrawn from the estuary would remain unchanged and the volume of evaporative loss from the cooling tower would increase, the volume of the blowdown released, which isthe difference of the two, would decrease.

The increase evaporation would leave behind more solids in the blowdown, so the concentration of TDS in the effluent would be about 9% higher on average (Najarian Associates 2004). The effluent would also be somewhat warmer, but modeling predicts that all present NJPDES permit conditions for the effluent would still be met (Najarian Associates 2004).5.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTION ON DESIGNATED ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT OF FEDERALLY MANAGED SPECIES IN THE VICINITY HOPE CREEK GENERATING STATION Under present conditions, the plant affects fish habitat primarily through its cooling water system as described above. Water withdrawn for cooling is no longer available as habitat, and fish and their food can be lost due to impingement and entrainment.

Water returned to the estuary as thermal effluent changes the natural thermal and current regimes in fish habitat.The proposed action has the potential to alter at least some aspects of EFH.Hope Creek Generating Station lies close to the interface of the NMFS's tidal freshwater and mixing salinity zones. The reach of the Delaware Estuary adjacent to Hope Creek Generating Station is designated EFH for several fish species and life stages. NRC staff considered all the W designated EFH that could occur in the vicinity of HCGS based on geographic coordinates and eliminated EFH for some species and life stages with EFH requirements outside of the normal conditions recorded locally.The NMFS identifies EFH on their website in terms of both the estuary as a whole and 10 minutes (') by 10' squares of latitude and longitude and presents tables of species and life stages with EFH within the squares. In terms of the estuary as a whole, NMFS identifies 16 fish species with EFH in the Delaware Estuary and summarizes their salinity requirements by life stage (Table 1). On a finer scale, the 10' by 10' square that includes Hope Creek Generating Station is defined by the following coordinates:

North: 39 ° 30.0 'N East: 75 0 30.0.'W South: 39 0 20.0 'N West: 75 0 40.0 'W The description of the general location and New Jersey shoreline in the square shows that it includes Artificial Island and HCGS: "Atlantic Ocean waters within the square within the Delaware River, within the mixing water salinity zone of the Delaware Bay affecting both the New Jersey and Delaware coasts. On the New Jersey side, these watersaffect: from Hope Creek on the south, north past Stoney Point, and Salem Nuclear Power Plant on Artificial Island, to the tip of Artificial Island* as well as affecting Baker Shoal." The NRC staff compared salinity in the vicinity of the plant described earlier with EFH salinity requirements of each species and life stage in Table 1 to further refine the EFH species list.The salinity requirements of several of the fish species and life stages are higher than have been reported or occur only during periods of low flow (Table 2). Where EFH salinity requirements were not met inthe vicinity of the plant, the species and life stages were dropped from further consideration.

This assessment analyzes effects of the proposed EPU for the four remaining species (Table 3).*

Table 1. Designated EFH by species and life stage in NMFS's 10' x 10' square of latitude and longitude of the Delaware Estuary that includes Hope Creek Generating Station.Species Eqiqs Larvae Juveniles Adults Red Hake (Urophycis chuss)Winter Flounder X X X X (Pleuronectes armericanus)

Windowpane X X X X (Scophthalmus aquosus)American Plaice (Hippoglossoides americanus)

Bluefish X X (Pomotomus saltatrix)

Atlantic Sea Herring (Clupea harengus)Atlantic Butterfish X (Peprilus triacanthus)

Summer Flounder X X (Paralichthys dentatus)Scup n/a n/a X(Stenotomus chrysops)

Black Sea Bass n/a X (Centropristes striatus)King Mackerel X X X X (Scomberomorus cavalla)Spanish Mackerel X X X X(Scomberomorus maculatus)

Cobia X X X X (Rachycentron canadum)Clearnose Skate X X (Leucoraja eglantaria)

Little Skate X x (Leucoraja erinacea)Winter Skate X X (Leucorala ocellata)X indicates designated EFH within this area.Blank indicates no designated EFH in this area.n/a indicates that the species does not have this life stage or has no EFH designation for this life stage.Sources: NOAA 2007a, 2007b Table 2. Potential EFH species eliminated from further consideration due to salinity requirements.

Habitat Salinity in Delaware Estuary Adjacent to Hope Creek Generating Station Condition Salinity Range (ppt)High Flow 0-5 Low Flow 5-12 EFH Salinity Requirementla)

Species, Life Stage Salinity Requirement Salinity Fits. Habitat (ppt)Windowpane, Juvenile 5.5 -36 Low Flow Only Windowpane, Adult 5.5 -36 Low Flow Only Windowpane, Spawner 5.5 -36 Low Flow Only Bluefish, Juvenile 23 -36 No Bluefish, Adult > 25 No Scup, Juvenile > 15 No Black Sea Bass, Juvenile > 18 No King Mackerel > 30 No Spanish Mackerel > 30 No Cobia > 25 No Clearnose Skate, Juvenile Probably >2 2 (b) No Clearnose Skate, Adult Probably >22 (b) No Little Skate, Juvenile Mostly 25-30(c) No Little Skate, Adult Probably > 20(c) No Winter Skate, Juvenile Probably > 20 (d) No Winter Skate, Adult Probably > 20 (d) No (a) Salinity data from NOAA table "Summary of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) and General Habitat parameters for Federally Managed Species" unless otherwise noted.(b) Packer et al. (2003) NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-174 (c) Packer et al. (2003) NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-175 (d) NOAA (2003) NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-179 Table 3. Fish species and life stages retained for EFH analysis for Hope Creek Generating Station Extended Power Uprate.Species Eqqs Larvae Juveniles Adults Winter Flounder X X X X Windowpane X X X X Atlantic Butterfish X Summer Flounder X X Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus)

EFH for winter flounder egg, larval, juvenile, and adult life stages may occur in the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station. EFH for eggs includes bottom habitats with substrates of sand, muddy sand, and gravel on the Georges Bank, the inshore areas of the Gulf of Maine, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Delaware Bay. Eggs are typically found in water at depths less than 5 m (16 ft), and in water with temperatures less than 10 0C.Larval EFH occurs in pelagic and bottom waters of Georges Bank, inshore areas of the Gulf of Maine, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Delaware Bay. Larval EFH includes water less than 6 m (20 ft) deep and with temperatures below 15 0C. EFH for juvenile winter flounder includes bottom habitats with substrates of mud or fine-grained sand on Georges Bank, inshore areas of the Gulf of Maine, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Delaware Bay. Young-of-the-year juveniles are found at water depths from 0.1 to 10 m (0.3 to 33 ft) and temperatures below 28 0C. Age 1+ juveniles are found at water depths ranging from 1 to 50 m (3 to 164 ft) and at temperatures below 25 0C. EFH for bothadults and spawning adults includes bottom habitats, including estuaries, with substrata of mud, muddy sand, sand, and gravel on Georges Bank, inshore areas of the Gulf of Maine, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to the Delaware Bay. Adult winter flounder live in water at depths ranging from 1 to 100 m (3 to 328 ft) with temperatures below 25 0C.Spawning adults are found at water depths less than 6 m (262 ft), except for on Georges Bank, where they spawn as deep as 80 m. Water temperatures for spawning adults are typically below 15 0C (NMFS 2006). Spawning takes place at night over sandy bottoms in shallow estuaries starting in mid December and ending in May, with a peak in the February to March time frame.The various life stages of winter flounder can generally be found in areas where the bottom habitat has a substrate of mud, sand, or gravel (NEFMC 1998b). Winter flounder eggs are demersal, adhesive, and stick together in clusters, and hatching may occur in 2 to 3 weeks, depending upon the water temperature (Bulloch 1986; Pereira et al.1999). Larvae are initially planktonic, but, as metamorphosis continues, they settle to the bottom. After yolk-sac absorption, they feed on diatoms. As they grow they switch torotifers, tintinnids and invertebrate eggs and later to bivalve and polychaete larvae, copepod nauplii, and copepodites.

Newly metamorphosed young-of-the-year fish take up residence in shallow water and eat smallisopods, amphipods, other crustaceans, annelids, and mollusks.

As they grow, they eat larger prey. Pereira et al. (1999) describes winter flounder as omnivorous or opportunistic feeders, consuming a wide variety of prey, with polychaetes and amphipods making up the majority of their diet. Typically adult winter flounder migrate inshore in the fall and early winter and spawn W in later winter and early spring. Then they may leave inshore areas if the water temperature exceeds 15 0C, although exceptions may occur due to water temperature and food availability (Pereira 1999). Winter flounder may move significant distances (Pereira et al. 1999); however, they also can exhibit a high degree of fidelity and, in general, their movement patterns are localized (Nitschke et al. 2000).Table 5-7 in PSEG (1999) indicates that winter flounder have been found in pre-operational and operational collections from the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station, although no information on life stage, methods of capture and identification, abundance, or location of capture are provided.

NRC staff would not anticipate that larval and juvenile life stages would use this reach of the estuary as habitat because this reach tends not to stratify and lacks the deep salinity wedge with a net upstream flow that many species use to move up or maintain their position in the estuary.

Due to the small area and relatively small temperature increase in the thermal effluent, the lack of change in water withdrawal, and the expectation of low habitat Utilization, the EPU is expected to have only a minimal adverse effect on winter flounder EFH.Windowpane (Scopthalmus aquosus)The initial analysis suggests that EFH for windowpane egg, larval, juvenile, and adult life stagesmay occur in the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station. EFH for eggs includes surface waters on the perimeter of the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Cape Hatteras.

EFH for larvae includes pelagic waters, with water depths between 50 to 150 m.(164 to 492 ft) and temperatures below'20 0 C. For larvae, the EFH consists of surface waters on the perimeter of the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Cape Hatteras.

Both eggs and larvae are found in water depths less than 70 m (230 ft), and in water temperatures below 20 'C.Juvenile, adult, and spawning adult EFH includes bottom habitats with substrates of mud or fine-grained sand on the perimeter of the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, southern New England, and the mid-Atlantic region south to Cape Hatteras.

These areas are generally 1 to 100 m.(3 to 328 ft) deep and have water temperatures below 26 'C (NMFS 2006). The windowpane prefers a soft bottom substrate for spawning, and generally spawns between April and December, with peak spawning activity in July and August on Georges Bank and in May in the mid-Atlantic region (NEFMC 1998a, Hendrickson 1998 in ENSR 2000).Both the eggs and larvae are pelagic, and exist in surface waters cooler than 20 °C (NEFMC 1998a in ENSR 2000). The prey for the windowpane is small benthic invertebrates, including polychaete worms and amphipods.

The species may also prey on small forage bony fish species (Langston and Bowman 1981 in ENSR 2000).

Juveniles living in shallow waters tend to move to deeper waters as they mature (Chang et al. 1999b). In studies in Massachusetts, juveniles were most abundant in inshore waters at depths of less than 20 m (66 ft) and at water temperatures between 5 'C and 12 °C in the spring and between 12 °C and 19 °C in the fall (Chang et al. 1999b).Table 5-7 in PSEG (1999) indicates that windowpane have been found in pre-operational and operational collections from the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station, although no information on life stage, methods of capture and identification, abundance, or location of capture are provided.

NRC staff would not anticipate that larval and juvenile life stages would use this reach of the estuary as habitat because this reach tends not to stratify and lacks the deep salinity wedge with a net upstream flow that many species use to move up or maintain*

their position in the estuary. Due to the small area and relatively small temperature increase in the thermal effluent, the lack of change in water withdrawal, and the expectation of lowhabitat utilization, the EPU is expected to have only a minimal adverse effect on windowpane EFH.Atlantic butterfish (Peprilus triacanthus)

EFH for Atlantic butterfish juveniles may occur in the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station.Inshore EFH for the butterfish includes the mixing or saline zones of estuaries where butterfish eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults are common or abundant on the Atlantic coast, from Passamaquoddy Bay, Maine to James River, Virginia (NMFS 2006). Butterfish eggs and larvae are found in water with depths ranging from the shore to 6000 ft, and temperatures between 48 °F and 66 °F. Juvenile and adult butterfish are found in waters from 33 to 1,200 ft deep, and with temperatures ranging from 37 OF to 82 OF (NMFS 2006). Spawning occurs offshore, at temperatures above 59 OF (Colton 1972 .in Cross et al. 1999). Juvenile butterfish are found in association with jellyfish in the summer for protection.

All life stages are pelagic (Cross et al. 1999). Adult butterfish prey on small fish, squid, and crustaceans, and in turn are preyed upon by many species, including silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis), bluefish, swordfish (Xiphias gladuis), and longfinned squid (Loligo pealel) (ENSR 2000). In summer, the butterfish can be found over the entire continental shelf from sheltered bays and estuaries, over substrates of sand, rock, or mud, to a depth of 200 m (Cross et al.1999). The butterfish migrates annually in response to seasonal changes in water temperature.

During the summer, they migrate inshore into southern New England and Gulf of Maine waters, and in winter they migrate to the edge of the continental shelf in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (Cross et al. 1999).Table 5-7 in PSEG (1999) indicates that Atlantic butterfish are not among the 200 species of fish that have been found in the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station in either pre-operational or operational collections.

NRC staff would not anticipate that juveniles would use this reach of the estuary as habitat because this reach tends not to stratify and lacks the deep salinitywedge with a net upstream flow that many species use to move up or maintain their position in the estuary.

Due to the small area and relatively small temperature increase in the thermal effluent, the lack of change in water withdrawal, and the expectation of low habitat utilization, the EPU is expected to have only a minimal adverse effect on Atlantic butterfish EFH.Summer flounder (Paralicthys dentatus)EFH for summer flounder juvenile and adult life stages may occur in the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station. Offshore EFH includes demersal waters of the continental shelf from the Gulf of Maine to Cape Hatteras, and inshore EFH includes estuaries where summer flounder are identified as being common or abundant.

Summer flounder adults typically live in water depths shallower than 500 ft (NMFS 2006). In southern New England and the Mid-Atlantic, spawning occurs primarily in September (Berrien and Sibunka 1999 in Packer et al. 1999).Spawning occurs in open ocean areas of the shelf (Packer et al. 1999), in waters ranging from30 to 200 m (98 to 656 ft) deep (ENSR 2000). The timing of spawning coincides with maximum production of autumn plankton, which is the primary food source for larvae (Morse 1981 inPacker et al. 1999).

Both eggs and larvae of the species are buoyant and pelagic. Eggs are most abundant in the northwest Atlantic in October and November, and larvae are most abundant from October to December (Able et al. 1990 in Packer et al. 1999). The larvae are transported toward coastal areas by the prevailing water currents, and development of post-larvae and juveniles occurs primarily within bays and estuarine areas (ENSR 2000). Juvenile summer flounder feed upon crustaceans and polychaetes, and as they grow larger they begin to feed more on fish, and adults are opportunistic feeders, preying mostly on fish and crustaceans (Packer et al. 1999).Species preyed upon include windowpane, winter flounder, Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), red hake (Urphycis chuss), silver hake, scup (Stenotomus chrysops), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), and bluefish, among others (Packer et al. 1999).Table 5-7 in PSEG (1999) indicates that summer flounder have been found in pre-operational and operational collections from the vicinity of Hope Creek Generating Station during, although*no information on life stage, methods of capture and identification, abundance, or location of capture are provided.

Due to the small area and relatively small temperature increase in the thermal effluent and the lack of change in water withdrawal, the EPU is expected to have only a minimal adverse effect on summer flounder EFH.6.0 MITIGATION MEASURES Closed-cycle cooling systems, such as the one already operating at HCGS, are the most.reasonable way to mitigate the number of aquatic organisms entrained and impinged.Continuous operation of the traveling screens may reduce the mortality of those organisms that are impinged.

Because the proposed EPU is not expected to have more than minimal adverse effects on EFH, NRC proposes no additional mitigation measures.

7.0 CONCLUSION

The potential for adverse effects on EFH from the proposed EPU for Hope Creek Generating Station is related to water withdrawal and discharge of heated effluent.

Water withdrawal is minimized through the use of closed-cycle cooling with a cooling tower, and no additional water withdrawal is proposed in association with the EPU. Most of the heat that would be produced by the EPU would be transferred to the atmosphere by the cooling tower. Under EPU conditions compared to present conditions, the volume of heated effluent would be less, the temperature would be slightly higher, the concentration of dissolved solids would increase, and the effluent would still meet all present NJPDES permit conditions.

NRC staff concludes that the proposed EPU would have a minimal adverse effect on EFH.8.0 LITERATURE CITED Able, K.W., R.E. Matheson, W.W. Morse, M.P. Fahay, and G. Shepherd.

1990. Patterns of summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus early life history in the Mid-Atlantic Bight and New Jersey estuaries.

Fish. Bull. (U.S.) 88: 1-12.Berrien, P., and J. Sibunka. 1999. Distribution patterns of fish eggs in the United States northeast continental shelf ecosystem, 1977-1987.

NOAA Tech. Rep.

NMFS 145, 310p.Bulloch, D. K. 1986. Marine Gamefish of the Mid-Atlantic.

Special Publication

1. 13 of the American Littoral Society.

Chang, S., P.L. Berrien, D.L. Johnson, and W.W. Morse. 1999b. Essential Fish Habitat W Source Document:

Windowpane, Scophthalmus aquosus, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-137.

September 1999.Colton, J.B., Jr. 1972. Temperature trends and the distribution of groundfish in continental shelf waters, Nova Scotia to Long Island. Fish. Bull. 70, 637-658.Cross, J.N., C.A. Zetlin, P.L.

Berrien, D.L. Johnson, and C. McBride. 1999. Essential Fish Habitat Source Document:

Butterfish, Peprilus triacanthus, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-145.

September 1999.Delaware Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife (DNREC). 2007.Fish consumption Advisories Chart. Accessed at http://www.fw.delaware.gov/Fisheries/AdvisoriesChart.htm on May 1, 2007.Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC). 2004. 2004 Delaware River and Bay Integrated list Water Quality Assessment.

September 2004. Accessed at http://www.state.nj.us/drbc/041ntegratedList/index.htm on May 1, 2007.Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC). 2007. Excerpt from 2004 Delaware River and Bay Integrated list Water Quality Assessment.

Full report not available.

Accessed at http://www.state.njus/drbc/2006305bAssessmentexcerpt.pdf on May 1, 2007.ENSR. March 2000. Redacted Version 316 Demonstration Report -Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station.Hendrickson, L. 1998. Windowpane.

In S.H. Clark, ed.,.Status of the fishery resources off the 0 northeastern United States for 1998, p. 85-87, NOAA Tech. Mem. NMFS-NE-115.

Langston, R.W., and R.E. Bowman. 1981. Food of eight Northwest Atlantic Pleuronectiform Fishes. NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-749, U.S. Department of Commerce.Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, 16 USC 1801 et seq.Morse, W.W.

1981. Reproduction of the summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus (L)). J. Fish.Biol. 19: 189-203.Najarian Associates.

2004. "Hydrological modeling Analysis for the Hope Creek Generating Station Extended Power Uprate Project." Final Report. Submitted to PSEG, Environmental Health and Safety. Newark, New Jersey.National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 1999. Highly Migratory Species Management Division 1999, Final Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic Tuna, Swordfish, and Sharks, Including the Revised Final Environmental Impact Statement, the Final Regulatory Impact Review, the Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis, and the Final Social Impact Assessment.

April 1999.National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 2006. Guide to Essential Fish Habitat Descriptions.

NOAA Fisheries Service, Habitat Conservation Division.

Accessed at http://www.nero.noaa.gov/hcd/list.htm on January 19, 2006.

NOAA Fisheries Service, Habitat Conservation Division (NOAA). 2007a. Summary of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) Designation:

Deleware Estuary. Accessed at http://www.nero.noaa.gov/hcd/nj2.html on April 20, 2007.NOAA Fisheries Service, Habitat Conservation Division (NOAA). 2007b. Summary of Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) Designation:

10'x 10' Square Coordinates.

Accessed at http://www.nero.noaa.gov/hcd/STATES4/newjersey/39207530.html on June 12, 2007.New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC). 1998a. Essential Fish Habitat, Volume 1.New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC). 1998b. Essential fish habitat description for Winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) contained in NEFMC EFH Amendment, October 7, 1998.New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC). 1999. Essential Fish Habitat Overview.Accessed at http://www.nefmc.org/

on August 8, 2006.New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services (NJDEP and NJDHSS). 2006. Fish Smart, Eat Smart: A Guide to Health Advisories for Eating Fish and Crabs Caught in New Jersey Waters. Accessed at http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dsr/2006fishadvisorybrochure.pdf on May 1, 2007.Nitschke P., R. Brown, and L. Hendrickson.

2000. Status of Fisheries Resources off Northeastern United States -Winter Flounder. Updated January 2000. Accessed at http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/lsos/spsyn/fldrs/winter/

on August 8, 2006.Packer, D.B., S.J. Griesbach, P.L. Berrien, C.A. Zetlin, D.L. Johnson, and W.W. Morse. 1999.

Essential Fish Habitat Source Document:

Summer Flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-151.

September 1999.Packer, D.B., C.A. Zetlin, and J.J. Vitaliano.

2003a. Essential Fish Habitat Source Document: Clearnose Skate, Leucoraja eglanteria, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-174.

March 2003.Packer, D.B., C.A. Zetlin, and J.J. Vitaliano.

2003b. Essential Fish Habitat Source Document: Little Skate, Leucoraja erinacea, Life History and Habitat Characteristics.

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-175.

March 2003.Public Service Gas and Electric (PSEG). 1999. PSEG Renewal Application, Hope Creek Generating Station, Permit Number NJ0005622.

Appendix E, §316(a) Demonstration.

Section 5: Adverse Environmental Impact. March 4, 1999.Public Service Gas and Electric (PSEG). 2006. Salem NJPDES Permit Application, Permit Number NJ0005622.

Section 5: Adverse Environmental Impact. February 2006.

PSEG Services Corporation.

2005. "Hope Creek Generating Station Environmental Report for Extended Power Uprate." Prepared for PSEG Nuclear LLC by PSEG Services Corporation, Salem, New Jersey. April 2005.U.S.. Environmental ProtectionAgency (U.S. EPA). 1998. Condition of the Mid-Atlantic Estuaries.

EPA 600-R-98-147.

Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). 1984. "Final Environmental Statement Related to the Operation of Hope Creek Generating Station." Docket Number 50-354. Rockville, Maryland.

December 1984.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE NORTHEAST REGION One Blackburn Drdve Gloucester.

MA 01930-2298 JUL 13 007 NON-PSEG Mr. Eric Benner Branch Chief, Environmental. Branch A Division of License Renewal Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555-0001

Dear Mr. Benner:

.We have reviewed the Hope Creek Extended Power Uprate Essential Fish Habitat Asessment, dated June 14, 2007, for the Hope Creek Generating Station on Artificial Island in Lower Alloways Creek Township, New Jersey, adjacent to the Delaware Estuary We find that this EFH assessment satisfactorily describes the potential impacts of uprating the generating plant from a capacity to produce 3,339 megawatts to produce up to 3,952 megawatts.

And because the Hope Creek Generating Station operates with closed cycle cooling, we agree with the document's conclusion that closed cycle cooling systems are the most reasonable way toreduce aquatic organism loss through entrainment and iimpingmnt, and offer no conservation recommendations.

However, we note on page 14 of thfecoc.upcent, under tie section "6.0 Mitigation Measures," the statement "Continuous operation of ihe traveling screens may reduce the mortality of those organisms that are impinged." We agree with this statement, but note that the first paragraph of page 6 verifies that the traveling screens do not operate continuously.

Within the limits of practical and technical feasibility, we recommend that the traveling screens be in operation-as much as possible.Thank you for the opportunity to comment. If you have -further questions or comments, please contact Stan Gorski, stationed at theJames J. Howard Marine Sciences Laboratory in Highlands, New Jersey, at 732-872-3037...-.. Sincerely,* ." * ... .' ( :Peter.D .-C olosi .ir. ..,i ..,s....., sistanteegional Administrator b" ..,.... ..... abtat n ervationD wson ...., ..Hk .04 1 1 1ý_ I- , ;.- ý Salem/ Hope Creek Environmental Audit -Post-Audit Information Question #: ECO-2 Category:

Ecology Statement of Question:

Please provide the following documents that were made available during the Salem and HCGS License Renewal Environmental Audit in response to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-2.List of Attachments:

2 Biological Inventory and Habitat Characterization Report for the Alloway Creek Site Response:

The requested document is being provided.List Attachments Provided: Woodward-Clyde Consultants, 1996, Biological Inventory and Habitat Characterization Report, Allow Creek Site, prepared for Public Service Electric & Gas Company, January.

I I I I I I i i 11I111" BIOLOGICAL INVENTORY AND HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION REPORT ALLOWAY CREEK SITE JANUARY 1996 b IPrepared for:

PUBLIC SERVICE ELECTRIC AND GAS COMPANY Estuary Enhancement Program Hancocks Bridge, NJ 08038Prepared by:

I*W6qdar* CydS Woodward-Clyde Consultants 201 Willowbrook Boulevard Wayne, New Jersey 04470 5E04739 A I i TABLE OF CONTENTS iSection

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1-1 2.0 THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES 2-1 i 2.1 SPECIES OCCURRENCE ON OR NEAR THE SITE 2-1 2.2 PRIORITY SITES 2-2 2.3 SPECIES OBSERVED AT THE ALLOWAY CREEK SITE 2-2 3.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITAT 3-1 3.1 VEGETATION 3-1 3.1.1 Methodology 3-1 3.1.2 Results 3-2 i 3.2 REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS 3-5 3.3 BIRDS 3-5 3.3.1 Methodology 3-5 3.3.2 Results 3-7 3.4 MAMMALS 3-8 3.4.1 Methodology 3-9 3.4.2 Results 3-10 4.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC HABITAT 4-1 4.1 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PAR.AMETERS 4-1 4.1.1 Methodology 4-1 4.1.2 Results 4-2 1 4.2 ZOOPLANKTON 4-2 4.2.1 Methodology 4-2 4.2.2 Results 4-3-l:\projects\5EO4739\biology\report\toa.wpd January 19, 1996 ID I TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

4.3 BENTHIC

MACROINVERTEBRATES 4-4 4.3.1 Methodology 4-4 4.3.2 Results 4-4 4.4 FISH 4-5 4.4.1 Methodology 4-5 1 4.4.2 Results 4-6 5.0 ESTUARINE AND TIDAL WETLANDS FOOD WEBS 5-1 I LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 POTENTIALLY OCCURRING THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES TABLE 2 VEGETATION PLOTS TABLE 3 VEGETATION COVER TYPE AREAS TABLE 4 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS TABLE 5 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED AT OBSERVATION POINTS TABLE 6 SMALL MAMMALS CAPTURED TABLE 7 RANGE OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS TABLE 8 MACROZOOPLANKTON COLLECTED TABLE 9 MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED TABLE 10 TOTAL NUMBER OF FISHES AND INCIDENTAL SPECIES COLLECTED I I 1:\projccts\5SEO4739Thiology\repart\toc.wjpd iJuay9,96 fi January 19, 1996 l, I I I I I I I I I I I I i I I 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4a FIGURE 4b FIGURE 5a FIGURE 5b FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7 FIGURE 8 BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING LOCATIONS ALLOWAYS CREEK VEGETATIVE COVER HARMERSVILLE VEGETATIVE COVER ELSINBORO-WEST VEGETATIVE COVER ELSINBORO-EAST VEGETATIVE COVER MILL CREEK-NORTH VEGETATIVE COVER MILL CREEEK-SOUTH VEGETATIVE COVER MASON'S POINT VEGETATIVE COVER AUTUMN TIDAL WETLANDS FOOD WEBAUTUMN ESTUARINE FOOD WEB 1: \proj ects\5ED4739\biology\report\toc.

wpd UJnay1,99 ii°January 19, 1996 0 0

1.0 INTRODUCTION

In July 1994, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) issued the Final New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NJPDES) Permit No. 0005622 (the Permit)to Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G) for the Salem Generating Station. This Permit, which became effective September 1, 1994, contains a number of innovative Special Conditions that address concerns about loss of aquatic organisms resulting from the station's operations. Collectively, these Special Conditions are being implemented under PSE&G's Estuary Enhancement Program (EEP). Among the elements of the EEP is the implementation of a program to restore, enhance, and preserve a minimum of 8,000 acres of wetlands along theDelaware Estuary.

Among the lands along the Delaware Estuary identified by PSE&G as suitable areas for wetland restoration and enhancement are wetlands dominated by common reed (Phragmites australis).

These wetlands contribute little to the detrital production of the estuary, and have been identified by PSE&G as suitable areas for wetland restoration through the removal of Phragmites and natural reestablishment of cordgrass (Sparrina species) and other naturally occurring marsh grasses.PSE&G proposes to control Phragmites through the implementation of a spray and burn program and/or the development of improved tidal exchange The purpose for removing Phragmites, an undesirable plant species, from these sites is to enhance the habitat value for aquatic species and birds and to increase detrital exchange with the Delaware Estuary.PSE&G has initiated studies related to the restoration of Phragmites dominated tidal wetlands at five Areas in Elsinboro and Lower Alloways Creek Townships, Salem County, hereafter referred to as the Alloway Creek Site. PSE&G issued an EEP purchase order release (P.O. B3-0737626, Release 21) to Woodward-Clyde Consultants (WCC) to implement the Wetlands Restoration Site Design Detail Specification (SPEC #EEP-S001, Rev.2) for these Areas. Preparation of this Biological Inventory and Habitat Characterization Report is a component of this specification.

The five Areas investigated (Alloways Creek, Harmersville, Elsinboro, Mason's Point and Mill Creek) are located along Alloway Creek and the shoreline of the Delaware River (Figure 1). TheAreas are described below in order from east to west.I:\projects\5EO4739\biology\report'sect1 .wpd 1-1 January 19, 1996 I i Alloways Creek Area The Alloways Creek Area is comprised primarily of Phragmites-dominated, non-impounded Icoastal marsh and encompasses approximately 273 acres. The Area is bordered by Alloway Creek to the south, Salem-Hancocks Bridge Road to the east, Abbot's Farm Road to the west, and Fort Elfsborg-Hancocks Bridge Road and agricultural fields to the north.The Alloways Creek Area is subject to tidal influence from Delaware River via Alloway Creek.A network of tidal channels allows dispersion of tidal flow throughout the southern portion of the Area, while the drainage pattern is less developed in the northern portion of the site. The southern marsh area, which is dominated by smooth cordgrass, appears to have ground surface elevations in the range of 0.5 to three feet NAVD. A dike with a crest elevation of approximately 7.5 feet NAVD 5 separates the tidal marsh areas from the agricultural fields in the northwest portion of the Area.Harmersville Area The Harmersville Area is a Phragmites-dominated, non-impounded coastal marsh encompassing approximately 64 acres. The Area is bounded to the north, east, and west by Alloway Creek.Poplar Street and adjacent agricultural fields are located to the south.The Harmersville Area is subject to tidal influence from Delaware River via Alloway Creek. A network of channels allows dispersion of tidal flow throughout the northern portion of the Area.The northwest portion of the Area bordering Alloway Creek appears to have an earthen berm along 3 the creek bank.

The crest elevation of the berm is approximately four feet NAVD. The berm is in relatively poor condition and is breached in a number of locations.

The interior portion of the Area 3 contains a number of small tributaries to two main channels traversing the center of the Area. In the southern portion of the Harmersville Area there is a Y-shaped dike (in plan view) separating the marsh area from the adjoining agricultural fields. The northern branch of the dike, which protrudes into the marsh area, has a crest elevation of about seven feet NAVD. The southern branch of the dike, which traverses the Area and separates the marsh from the agricultural fields, has a crest I elevation ranging between six and eight feet NAVD.1:\projects\5E04739\biology\repatt\sectl.wpd 12Jnay1,19 1-2 January 19, 1996 Elsinboro Area-The Elsinboro Area is a Phragmites-dominated, non-impounded coastal marsh encompassingapproximately 1,584 acres.

The Area is bounded by Alloway Creek to the south, the Delaware River to the west, Black Ditch and the Mill Creek Area to the northwest, and the Mason's Point Area tothe north.

Within the Area there are three main sub-regions:

Money Island, Central Elsinboro, and Abbots Meadow. Money Island is a Phragmites-dominated dredge spoil disposal region encompassing approximately 400 acres immediately adjacent to Delaware River. Abbots Meadow 3 represents the eastern region of the Area and Central Elsinboro refers to the region between Money Island and Abbots Meadow.The Elsinboro Area is subject to tidal influence from Delaware River via Alloway Creek. The 3 Area is characterized by a network of interconnected higher order channels that appear to have a braided pattern. Remnant diking is present under the transmission power lines within the Area and 3 along one of the main tributaries of Alloway Creek. These dikes have been breached at several locations, but still appear to restrict tidal flows across the marsh in certain portions of the Area. In Wgeneral, the marsh elevations range between one and three feet NAVD. Crest elevations of thedike that separates this Area from the adjacent impounded Mason's Point Area range from three to almost ten feet NAVD.Mason's Point Area I The Mason's Point Area is an impounded Phragmites-dominated coastal marsh encompassing I approximately 1020 acres. This Area is located immediately north of the Elsinboro Area and is separated from it and other tidal areas by a berm with two 30-inch corrugated metal pipes 3 installed.

Because of the restricted flow through these pipes, an artificial (muted) tidal regimeexists within the Area.I Mill Creek Area I The Mill Creek Area is a Phragmites-dominated, non-impounded coastal marsh encompassing approximately 1,375 acres. The area is subject to tidal influence from the Delaware River, MillCreek, Black Ditch, and Straight Ditch. The Area is generally bounded by the Delaware River to the b l:\projects\5E04739\biology~report\sectl .wpd 1-3 January 19, 1996 I I west, agricultural fields and Fort Elfsborg-Hancocks Bridge Road to the north, the Elsinboro Area to the south, and Money Island Road to the east. Marsh elevations generally range from one to three feet NAVD.1Several biological and habitat characterization tasks have been conducted by WCC to support construction permitting associated with the wetland restoration effort. Previously completed biological tasks include preparation of a Biological Inventory and Habitat Characterization Sampling Plan and performance of the field surveys described in the plan.This Biological Inventory and Habitat Characterization Report presents information relating to I threatened and endangered species potentially occurring at the Alloway Creek Site (Section 2), and describes the sampling methodologies and results of the biological field investigations conducted 3 by WCC in characterizing the terrestrial and aquatic habitats (Sections 3.0 and 4.0, respectively).

I I I I I I I I l:\proj ects\5 E04739\biology~reportksect l .wpd 1-4 January 19, 1996

2.0 THREATENED

AND ENDANGERED SPECIESThe potential for occurrence of rare, threatened and endangered species and significant natural communities is an important consideration in the assessment of the current and post-restoration habitat values of the Alloway Creek Site. The information used to assess this potential was supplied by the NJDEP Division of Parks and Forestry, Office of Natural Lands Management, Natural Heritage Program (NHP). The NHP maintains a database of known occurrences of rare, threatened, and endangered species and significant natural communities.

This information is dependent on the research and observations of many individuals and organizations.

Not all of this information is the result of comprehensive or site-specific field surveys. The information supplied by the NHP summarizes existing data known at the time of the data request regarding the biological elements or location in question:, and should not be regarded as the final statement on the elements or area being considered.

2.1 SPECIES

OCCURRENCE ON OR NEAR THE SITE The NHP has a record of one threatened species occuring on or near the Alloway Creek Site. An osprey (Pandhon haliaetus) was sighted on the eastern edge of Money Island, approximately 1,300 feet south of Black Ditch in 1987. The NHP database also contained records, of three rare species known from the area around the Site. Sightings of two bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and three osprey have been reported from within two miles of the Site. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (F&WS) indicates that the bald eagle is a federally threatened species'.

The osprey is not listed by the F&WS. The cream-flowered tick-trefoil (Desmodium ochroleucum) was also known to occur within two miles of the Restoration Sites. However, the NHP considers this plant to be extirpated from New Jersey, as it was recorded from a single location in 1891.In addition to the records of rare species and natural communities on or adjacent to the Alloway Creek Site, the NHP provided a general listing of rare species and natural communities which have been documented in Salem County. This list contains records on 17 vertebrates, two 1 A Final Rule reclassifying the status of the bald eagle from endangered to threatened was published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Federal Register on July 12, 1995. The effective date of this reclassification is August 11, 1995. " I-1:\projects\5E04739\biologyVepott\sect2.wpd 2-1 January 19, 1996 I* invertebrates, 58 vascular plants, three ecosystems, and one other type of area (a bald eagle Iwintering site) tracked by the NP. Many of the species on this list have no state or federal legal status, but are considered rare or uncommon in New Jersey. A listing of those species that are designated by the NJDEP as either threatened or endangered and that have a potential to occur on the Site is provided in Table 1.1 2.2 PRIORITY SITES The NHP also identifies "priority sites" for natural diversity in New Jersey. Priority sites represent the State's best habitats for rare and endangered species and natural communities.

There are no priority sites located within or adjacent to the boundaries of the Alloway Creek Site. The closest priority site, the Mannington Meadow macrosite, is located approximately four miles 5 northeast of the Site. The Mannington Meadow macrosite includes brackish marshes and some forested edge that provide resting and feeding habitat for wintering bald eagles, and also includes 3Mannington Creek to include a bald eagle nest site.2.3 SPECIES OBSERVED AT THE ALLOWAY CREEK SITE Other species observed at the Alloways Creek Site that are listed by the NJDEP as threatened or endangered include the great blue heron (Ardea herodias), red shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), northern harrier (Crcus cyaneus), bald eagle, osprey, and the Savannah sparrow (Passerculus I sandwichensis).

The black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), a declining species, and several Northern diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin), a former Federal C2 species, were also seen using the Site during the autumn 1995 field surveys.I I I I I 2-2 January 19, 1996 I I S 3.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL HABITAT I Terrestrial field investigations were performed during 16 to 20 October, 1995 to characterize the terrestrial communities that occur within or adjacent to the Alloway Creek Site. These field investigations were designed to acquire data describing the vegetation, bird, and small mammal communities present. Biological sampling locations are shown in Figure 1. In addition to the focused field studies, general observations were also made regarding the presence of reptiles,amphibians and large mammals.

The methods used to acquire site specific data of each component of the terrestrial ecosystem and the results of the investigations are described in the following sections.

Supporting data are on file at WCC and will beprovided to PSE&G in electronic format for inclusion in the EEP database.I 3.1 VEGETATION

3.1.1 Methodology

b Vegetation community maps prepared by CH2M Hill were used as the primary basis for 3 characterizing the vegetative cover types within the Alloway Creek Site. These maps were spot checked using recent true color aerial photographs (April 1995) and ground truthed by collecting field vegetation data at selected locations.

The vegetation community maps were then revised as necessary to reflect the review of the true color aerial photographs and field data obtained during the ground truthing.Selected plots were established to document the vegetative cover present within the Alloway Creek Site. The center of each plot location was staked and located by GPS. A five foot radius plot was sampled for herbaceous species and a 30 foot radius plot was sampled for trees (>- 5.0 inches dbh I and 20 feet or taller), saplings (0.4 to < 5.0 inches dbh and 20 feet or taller), and shrubs (3 to 20 feet tall, including multi-stemmed, bushy shrubs and small trees and saplings).

For herbaceous species, the percent coverage of all taxa within the plot was estimated and summed to provide a total cover value for the plot. The dominance of individual taxa was determined by]:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3.wpd 3-1 January 19, 1996 calculating a "relative percent cover" value for each (i.e., the individual taxon cover value divided by the total cover for the plot).For trees, saplings, and shrubs the stem density of each species was determined and summed to provide a total stem count for the plot. The dominance of the individual species was determined by calculating a "relative density" value for each (i.e., the number of stems for the individual species divided by the total number of stems in the plot).3 3.1.2 Results Eight vegetative communities were identified at the Alloway Creek Site (Figures 2 through 6), with various degrees of intergradation between them. Each community is identified by the species I name, or vegetation type, that is dominant in that area. In some areas where two species, or vegetation types, are common they are both listed (e.g., P,/S5 indicates Phragmites/scnib-shrub 3 community).

In addition to the vegetated communities agricultural land, fallow fields, mud flats, developed land and open water areas were also identified. Vegetation data collected during theground truthing are presented in Table 2. The approximate acreage of each cover type for the five individual Areas as well as the entire Site are presented in Table 3. The following is a general description of each community.

Common Reed (Phragmites australis)

Community The Phragmites community (designated as PH) is the predominant vegetation type present at the 3 Alloway Creek Site. This community type is found in large monotypic stands scattered throughout the five individual Areas. The Phragmites community at the time of the aerial I photographs occurred over approximately 2,236 acres or about 62 percent of the total vegetated area (i.e., the total site area minus the area of open water). As can be seen from Table 3 the 5 percent cover of Phragmites community is greater at the Mill Creek and Elsinboro Areas (81 and 69 percent, respectively) than at the Harmersville, Alloways Creek and Mason's Point Areas (52,* 35 and 35 percent, respectively).

1:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3 .wpd32 say1996 3-2 January 19, 1996 Also present in combination with Phragmites are areas of scrub-shrub, forest and broad-leaf cattail (Typha latifolia).

Phragmites/scrub-shrub communities (designated as PH/SS) are present in small areas on the Alloways Creek (six acres), Harmersville (two acres) and Mill Creek (one acre)

Areas while this community type comprises approximately 21 percent (186 acres) of the Mason's Point Area. Shrub species common in this community type are sea myrtle (Baccharis halimifolia) and sand blackberry (Rubus cuneifolius). The Phragmites/forested community type (designated as PH/FO) occurs on the Elsinboro Area (eight acres) where red maple (Acer rubrum) and black cherry (Prunus serotina) are common trees present. The Phragmites(broad-leaf cattail community (designated as P-I/TL) only occurs on the Mill Creek Area (two acres).: Smooth Cordg-ass (Spanina alterniflora)

Community Smooth cordgrass community (designated as AL) is found in monotypic stands throughout theAlloway Creek Site. Occurring along with smooth cordgrass in several areas of the sites, particularly along the edges of channels, are big cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides) and salt marsh bulrush (Scirpus robustus). This community type comprises approximately 478 acres or about 13 percent of the total Alloway Creek Site. The smooth cordgrass community type covers 25percent, or greater, of the Alloways Creek, Harmersville and Elsinboro Areas while the Mill Creek and Mason's Point Areas are covered by less than five percent of this community type. In combination with smooth cordgrass (designated as AL/CY) are small areas (about four acres) onthe Alloways Creek restoration site where big cordgrass is also dominant.Agricultural Land/Fallow Fields Areas of agricultural lands (designated as AG) occur on the Mason's Point, Mill Creek, Alloways Creek and Elsinboro Areas (about 165, 129, 74 and 12 acres, respectively). Fallow fields (designated as FF) occur in small areas (about 21 and four acres, respectively) on the Mason's Point and Mill Creek Areas.Forest Communi4 Small areas totaling about 36 acres of forest (designated as FO) occur on the Alloways Creek, Elsinboro and Mill Creek Areas. The forested areas occur along the perimeter of marsh and I:\roecs\E073\bolgyreor~act3 wp 33 anar 1, 99 1:\projects\5EG4739\biologyVeportýsect3.wpd 3-3 January 19, 1996 I 0 I agricultural areas or as isolated "islands" within Phragmites-dominated areas on the Alloway Creek Site. Larger areas of forest are found on the Mason's Point Area where this cover type comprises approximately 106 acres of this Area. Dominant trees and shrubs found in the forest communities 3 include: red maple, persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), black cherry, sea myrtle and northern bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica).

i Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum)

Community 3 Switchgrass community (designated as PV) is only found on Money Island on the Elsinboro Area.About 17 acres of this community type was present. Microstegium (Eulalia viminea) was also present in this community type.3 Scrub-shrub Community 3 The scrub-shrub community (designated as SS) is present in approximately 18 acres of the Mason's Point Area. The scrub-shrub community type is also present in combination with the fallow field community type (designated as FF/SS) in approximately 38 acres on this Area. Small areas (about one acre on each Area) of scrub-shrub community are also located on the Alloways Creek and Mill Creek Areas. Sea myrtle is a common species found in this community type.U Mud Flat Areas of mud flats (designated as MF) are exposed at low tide along the edges of many of the 3 creeks and drainage ditches at the Alloway Creek Site. The only significant area of mudflat mapped is located on the Elsinboro Area (approximately 41 acres).I Devlped Land Developed land (designated as DEV) includes areas around residences present on the Alloway Creek Site. Only about three acres of developed land was present on the Mill Creek and Mason's Point Areas.I:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3 .wpd 3-4 January 19, 1996 I Open Watet I Areas of open water (designated as OW) include the creeks and drainage ditches that are present throughout the Alloway Creek Site. The open water areas are about 717 acres and comprise about 17 percent of the total Site area.I 3.2 REPTIELES AND AMPHIBIANS I Four species of turtles were collected as incidental catches during the autumn 1995 aquatic sampling at the Alloway Creek Site. Several northern diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) and one snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) were caught at the Elsinboro and Mill Creek Areas. One eastern painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) and one red bellied turtle (Chrysemys rubriventris) were 3 captured at the Mason's Point Area. One eastern painted turtle was also found crossing a road at the Mill Creek Area. A snapping turtle and an eastern painted turtle were observed in one of the two freshwater ponds located in the southeastern corner of the Mason's Point Area. Tadpoles (Rana sp.)also were observed in these ponds. The only other evidence of reptiles found at the Alloway Creek Site were two black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) that were found in upland portions of the restoration areas.3.3 BIRDS 3 The tidal marshes of Delaware Bay are well known as excellent habitat for resident and migrant birds, which use these areas for breeding, feeding, and resting. The use of the shoreline areas by 5 aggregations of migrating shorebirds in the spring is well known. However, migrating shorebirds also use the beaches, mudflats, tidal creeks and marshes during their fall migrations.

Wintering 3 waterfowl and raptors also use the marshes and surrounding habitat.3 3.3.1 Methodology Documentation of bird species occurrence within the study area was obtained from observations made along five belt transects and at one fixed observation point in representative habitats (Figure 1).b i:\projectsASEf4739\biology\report\sect3 .wpd 3-5 January 19, 1996 I Transits Transects were walked on three consecutive days and all birds seen/heard within the study area were identified and counted to yield an index of species abundance.

The purpose of the belt transect surveys was primarily to document the occurrence of songbirds with restricted home ranges. However, observations of wading birds, waterfowl and other more wide ranging species were also recorded when observed within (or flying over) the transect. Descriptions of the habitats sampled by each of the transects are provided below.Bird Transect 1 (MC-BT1) is located along a cultivated fieldlPhragmites edge in the northern portion of the Mill Creek Area. Scattered trees and shrubs are located along this edge, increasing the diversity of the habitat.

Bird Transect 2 (MC-BT2) is located along the alignment of an access drive that traverses Phragnites and smooth cordgrass estuarine wetlands as well as shrub dominated successional areas in the vicinity of an unoccupied homesite on the Mill Creek Area. This homesite is essentially surrounded by Phragmites-dominated wetlands.Bird Transect 3 (MP-BT3) is located along the alignment of a wooded strip that is adjoined by cultivated fields and Phragmites-dominated wetlands on the Mason's Point Area. A wide range of habitat types occur along the transect, ranging from emergent wetlands to mature upland forest.Bird Transect 4 (MP-BT4) is located along the alignment of the perimeter dike that separates the Mason's Point Area from the Elsinboro Area. A wide variety of habitat types occur along this transect, including wooded uplands and Phragmites-dominated wetlands.Bird Transect 5 (AC-BT5) is located along a cultivated field/Phragmites edge within the Alloways Creek Area.Observation Stations Point observations were made from a centrally located vantage point on three days. The observer counted and recorded all birds identified from each observation station during a one hour period 1:\projects\5ED4739\biology\report\sect3.wpd 3-6 January 19, 1996 on each day. These observations were primarily to document the occurrence of raptors, waterfowl, gulls, and wading birds. The Bird Observation Station (MP-BP1) is located at a point along the dike separating the Mason's Point Area from the Elsinboro Area where views of each Area are provided.I 3.3.2 Results I Ianses The birds observed along Bird Transect 1 (MC-BTl) (Table 4) are representative of the edgehabitat that occurs along its length. Because of the close proximity to cultivated areas, the mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) was a predominant species, as well as resident perching birds I such as the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia). Also observed were migrants such as the yellow-rumped warbler (Dendroica coronata) and ruby-crowned kinglet (Regulus calendula).

In total eight species of perching birds were observed along this transect.

Several species of woodpeckers were also observed in the trees along this edge, including the downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), common flicker (Colaptes auratus) and red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus).

The raptors observed were the red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) and American kestrel (Falco sparverius).

The birds observed along Bird Transect 2 (MC-BT2) were comprised primarily of migrating I yellow-rumped warblers, ruby-crowned kinglets and American robins (Turdus migratorius).

Because of the diversity of habitats, a number of other perching birds were also observed.

These 1 included the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana), gray catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) rufous-sided towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) and tufted 3 titmouse (Parus bicolor).

Raptors observed along this transect included the American kestrel, northern harrier (Circus cyaneus) and red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus).

As was observed along Bird Transect 2, migrating yellow-rumped warblers, American robins andruby-crowned kinglets were predominant along Bird Transect 3 (MP-BT3). Blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) were also observed foraging for acorns in the wooded areas along the transect on each* survey date. Other perching bird observed included the swamp sparrow, gray catbird, rufous-1:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3.wpd 3-7 January 19, 1996 I 0 1 0 sided towhee and Carolina wren (Thryothorus lubovicianus).

The only raptor observed was the Ired-tailed hawk.Bird Transect 4 (MP-BT4) traverses more habitat types than any of the other transects surveyed.As a result, the species observed along this transect include marsh-associated species such as the greater yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca), tree swallow (Iridoprocne bicolor), northern harrier and red-winged blackbird as well as perching birds more associated with the wooded areas along the transect.

As observed along other transects, these included the yellow-rumped warbler and ruby-3 crowned kinglet.The number of bird species observed along Bird Transect 5 (AC-BT5) was the least of the transects surveyed. The predominant species observed were the red-winged blackbird, song I sparrow, swamp sparrow and yellow-rumped warbler.3 Observation Stations The birds observed at Bird Observation Point 1 (MP-BPI) were predominated by marsh-associated species such as the tree swallow, mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Canada goose (Branta canadensis) and greater yellowlegs. Other marsh species observed included the northern harrier, red-winged blackbird, clapper rail (Rallus longirostris), black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) and great blue heron (Ardea herodias).

U 3.4 MAMMALS U The number of mammal species occurring on the Alloways Creek Site is limited by the relatively 3 low diversity of terrestrial habitats present. Mammal studies were not conducted on the Elsinboro and Harmersville Areas because of their coastal marsh dominance and lack of upland/wetland boundary, Raccoon (Proyon lotor), muskrat (Ondatra zibethica), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), coyote (Canis latrans), and virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) foraging, scats or tracks were present throughout the Site. Those mammals observed on the Site were eastern cottontail, muskrat and white-tailed deer. The most abundant group of mammals present are small mammals, represented by several species that occur in open herbaceous habitats or various ecotones.1:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3.wpd 3-8 January 19, 1996 0 0 3.4.1 Methodology Small mammal occurrence on the Alloway Creek Site was documented by trapping.

Seven transects with fifteen trap locations each were established along selected linear habitats/ecotones (e.g., field edges). The beginning and ending points of the transects are shown in Figure 1.During the small mammal trapping both Sherman live traps and Museum Special snap traps were set and baited with a peanut butter/oatmeal mixture. Fifteen Sherman traps were set at each transect site at a spacing of 50 feet, for a transect length of 700 feet. Five pitfall traps were also set at evenly spaced locations along the transects.

The small mammal trapping program was conducted for four consecutive nights (October 16 to 20, 1995). On the first night Museum Special snap traps were not used, so as to reduce unnecessary mortality.

On the second day, snap traps were set at evenly spaced locations along transects with a poor catch. All small mammals captured were identified, weighed, and measured.Mammal Transect 1 (AC-SMTl) was located on the Alloways Creek Area on the edge of a cornfield and Phragmites-dominated area, west of Salem-Hancocks Bridge Road, and north of Hancocks Bridge (crossing Alloway Creek). The vegetation present on this transect is dominated by Phragmites and sea myrtle bordering a cornfield.

A small farm pond is also present along the transect.Mammal Transect 2 (MP-SMT2) was located on the Mason's Point Area west of the historicHarbeson house on the edge of a fallow field and forested area.

The vegetation present on this transect is dominated by foxtail grass and switch grass in the fallow field area and Eastern red cedar and persimmon trees, along with trumpet creeper vines in the forested area.Mammal Transect 3 (MP-SMT3) was located on the Mason's Point Area, south of Mason's Point Road, along an edge of Phragmites/scrub-shrub and a mowed roadway. The vegetation present on this transect was dominated by Phragmites and sea myrtle.Mammal Transect 4 (MP-SMT4) was located on the Mason's Point Area at the southeast end of Money Island Road along the edge of an open field and scrub-shrub area. The vegetation present on this transect is dominated by Phragmites, sea myrtle, and Japanese honeysuckle.

I:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3 .wpd 3-9 January 19, 1996 Mammals Transect 5 (MC-SMT5) was located on the Mill Creek Area at the southwest end of WMoney Island Road. Traps were placed along a cut path of Phragmites bordering an unnamed channel of Mill Creek. The vegetation present on this transect is dominated by Phragmites and pokeweed with some various woody vines also present.Mammals Transect 6 (MC-SMT6) was located on the Mill Creek Area along the edge of an open mowed grass (red fescue) field and scrub-shrub/saplings west of Money Island Road.. The vegetation present on this transect was dominated by a mix of Phragmites, Northern arrow-wood, black cherry and Japanese honeysuckle.

Mammals Transect 7 (MC-SMT7) was located on the Mill Creek Area at the edge of a plowed farm field and Phragmites/scrub-shrub and forested area. The vegetation present on this transect was dominated by Phragmites and sea myrtle with some trees and saplings also present.3.4.2 Results A total of 124 individual small mammals representing four species were captured at the Alloway Creek Site (Table 6). With 114 individuals captured, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) was by far the most common species, making up 92 percent of the catch. The white-footed mouse was the most common catch on the edge of agricultural fields and Phragmites/scrub-shrub dominated areas, such as in transects MP-SMT4 and MC-SMT6. The house mouse (Mus musculus) was the second most abundant small mammal, with eight captures (six percent of the total catch). House mice were caught in the predominantly Phragmites areas, such as that foundalong transect AC-SMT1. The masked shrew (Sorex cinereus) and meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) had one capture each and together make up about one percent of the catch.I:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect3 .wpd 3-10 January 19, 1996 I 0 4.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC HABITAT Field investigations were performed during 26 September to 4 October 1995 to characterize the aquatic invertebrate (zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrate) and vertebrate (fish)communities that occur within the Alloway Creek Site. Twelve primary aquatic sampling locations were within channels that are tidally influenced, and were fished for three consecutive days using fixed gear. Additional secondary aquatic sampling locations were sampled using minnow traps, I seines and dip nets. Secondary locations were located in tidally influenced channels, and in smaller ditches and/or ponds. The distribution of the primary aquatic sampling locations are shown on Figure 1. Two locations were within the Alloways Creek Area (AC-AS 1 and AC-AS2), one location was within the Harmersville Area (H-AS3), four locations were within the Elsinboro Area (E-AS4, E-AS5, E-AS6, and E-AS9), two were within the Mason's Point Area (MP-AS8 and E-AS9), and three were within the Mill Creek Area (MC-AS10, MC-AS11, MC-AS12).

Location I E-AS9 was located in Black Ditch, which separates a portion of the Elsinboro Area from the Mill Creek Area. Supporting data are on file at WCC and will be provided to PSE&G in electronic b format for inclusion in the EEP database.I 4.1 PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PARAMETERS A suite Of physical and chemical field data measurements were collected at each aquatic sampling I station. Physical data included channel width and depth, tidal stage (flood or ebb), and sediment type. Water quality data included dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, and salinity.4.1.1 Methodology Channel width was visually estimated, while channel depth was measured using a graduated surveyors pole. The tidal stage was determined based on the stage of the tide at each particular sampling location.

Sediment type was assigned based on the sediment retrieved during the benthic invertebrate sampling, and by probing the substrate with the surveyors pole.I bl:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 4-1 January 19, 1996 A I Water quality data was collected prior to sample collection using a Horiba U-10 multimeter.

Turbidity was measured using an eight-inch secchi disk.4.1.2 Results Physical Parameters The channels and ditches sampled ranged from about 20 feet to 350 feet wide. Several of the channels sampled did not contain water during low tide, while others held about one to two feet of water at low tide. Maximum depth of the stations at high tide ranged from five feet to sevenfeet. The substrate at the sampling locations ranged from soupy mud containing organic detritus to more firmer clayey mud with a thin layer of soft mud on top. With the exception of the two sampling locations at the Mason's Point Area, all primary sampling locations were tidally influenced.

Water Chemistry The results of the field water quality measurements are shown in Table 7. Water temperatures ranged from 17.4 °C to 23.0 °C. Salinities ranged from 7.5 to 12.0 parts per thousand.

Specificconductivity ranged from 12.7 to 20.4,uS/cm.

Dissolved oxygen ranged from 5.0 to 14.5 mg/1.pH ranged from 7.1 to 9.05, and secchi depth ranged from 6 to 18 inches.4.2 ZOOPLANKTON

4.2.1 Methodology

Zooplankton sampling was performed at the twelve primary locations shown on Figure 1. These locations were also sampled for fish and benthic macroinvertebrates.

Zooplankton were collected using a standard eight-inch diameter plankton net with a 80 micron mesh, fitted with a sample bottle at the cod end. Twenty liters of water were collected at each station, from the surface to mid-depth, and were filtered through the net.

The samples were immediately preserved using a 10 percent.formalin solution.

Two zooplankton replicates were collected at each sampling location.1:\projects\5EG4739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 4-2 January 19, 1996 The samples were delivered to Dr. Michael Kubik of Lehigh University.

Each sample was concentrated to a measured volume, and one milliliter aliquots were removed from the well mixed sample using a Hensen-Stempel pipette. Each aliquot was transferred to a Sedgewick-Rafter counting chamber and the zooplankton were identified and enumerated using a compound microscope.

Subsamples were examined until at least 100 organisms were counted, or until theentire sample was processed, whichever came first.4.2.2 Results The zooplankton collected (Table 8) at the Site are typical of a low salinity estuarine habitat. In addition to typical zooplankters, nematodes and harpacticoid copepods were noted in many of the samples. These typically benthic organisms were found more often in those samples that contained a significant amount of detritus, which may have been due to benthic sediments being suspended in the water column during collection, given the shallow water depths at some sampling locations.

At locations with free connections with Alloway Creek or Delaware Bay, the most common organisms were the nauplius larvae of copepods and barnacles, which together usually comprised greater than 50 percent of the zooplankton population.

The presence of these larval stages, and also of copepodites, indicates actively reproducing populations of barnacles and copepods.

Many of the adult calanoid copepods found were identified as Acartia tonsa, a species which is very common in euryhaline habitats.

Although it was not possible to identify the barnacle nauplii, other studies (RMC, 1988) have found adult Balanus improvisus near these locations in the Delaware Estuary.At the Mason's Point Area, the rotifer Brachionus sp. was the dominant zooplankter, and made up 84 percent of the zooplankton collected.

Rotifers are generally considered to be fresh-water organisms, although some species have adapted to brackish and marine environments.

Brachionus sp. dominated rotifer populations, with Asplanchna and other genera occasionally present.The total number of zooplankters in tidally influenced areas ranged from 4 to 279 per liter, with copepods usually predominating.

Higher numbers of zooplankton (about 614 individuals per liter)were found in the impoundment (Mason's Point Area), with rotifers comprising 84 percent of the population.

I:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 43Jnay1,19 4-3 January 19, 1996

4.3 BENTHIC

MACROINVERTEBRATES 0 4.3.1 Methodology Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected at the same twelve primary sampling locations that were sampled for zooplankton and fishes (Figure 1), using a petite Ponar grab sampler. Two samples were collected at each sampling location for a total of 24 benthic samples. Each sample was sieved in the field using a 500 micron mesh sieve to remove fine sediments.

Any sediment, detritus, and organisms retained by the sieve were transferred to a plastic collection jar and preserved using a 10 percentformalin/Rose Bengal solution.The samples were delivered to the Philadelphia office of WCC, where organisms were sorted fromthe sediment/detritus using a stereo dissecting microscope.

All organisms were identified to the lowest possible taxon and enumerated.

4.3.2 Results

A total of 23 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa were recovered from the 24 samples (Table 9). The average number of organisms per square meter ranged from 242 at MP-BM7 to 17,710 at MC-BM1O.Oligochaetes dominated the benthic communities at most stations.

In general, annelids (oligochaetes and estuarine polychaetes) comprised greater than 50 percent of the benthic macroinvertebrates present at the sampling locations.

The most commonly found polychaetes were Laeonereis culveri and Polydora colonia.Collectively, the estuarine amphipods (Leptocheirusplumulosus, Corophium sp., and Gammarus sp.)and estuarine isopods (Cyathurapolita and Edotea triloba) comprised from 5 to 57 percent of the total number of organisms at sampling stations where the salinity was greater than 9 parts per thousand.

At locations where the salinity was less than 8 parts per thousand (Mill Creek and Mason's Point Areas), amphipods and isopods collectively comprised was less than 1.5 percent of the total number of individuals at each site.1:\projects\5EO4739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 4-4 January 19, 1996 Brachyuran crabs, mainly Rhithropanopeus harrisil, were present in samples collected from the Elsinboro and Harmersville Area sampling locations.

These locations had salinities that were greater than 9 parts per thousand.

Bivalve mollusks were found in only one sample (E-BM4), and were of very small size. A few non-benthic organisms were also present in the samples, including Argulus sp. (a copepodid freshwater fish parasite), Aegathoa medialis (a parasitic isopod), and Hydrozoa (medusae).

The species which make up the benthic community in the Alloway Creek drainage area are common inhabitants of the Delaware estuary, and are typical of soft-bottomed mesohaline environments.

In areas where the salinity is greater than 9 parts per thousand, the benthic communities show a greater richness, with the number of taxa ranging from 7 to 15, with a mean of 10, at each location.4.4 FISH 4.4.1 Methodology Qualitative fish sampling was conducted at the twelve primary and several secondary aquatic sampling locations to characterize the fish populations that currently use the Site. Fish collections at primary sampling locations were made using Indiana trap nets, Hoop nets and minnow traps.Sporadic collections at secondary locations were made using dip nets, minnow traps and a 20-foot flat seine.The trap nets are constructed of two 6 feet wide by 3 feet high steel frames and four 30 inch diameter steel hoops, with an 8 inch throat on the first hoop, and a 50 foot long by 3 feet high leader. The entire net and leader are constructed of 1/2 inch mesh netting. The leader was staked on or near the shoreline, pulled taut, and then the first frame was staked into the substrate.

The remainder of the net was pulled taut using an anchor and buoy line tied to the cod end of the net.The trap nets were set during the morning or afternoon, were not baited, and were fished for approximately 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> sets for three consecutive days.The minnow traps are 17-1/2 inches long, 9 inches in diameter, and are constructed of 1/2 inch wire mesh. These traps were baited with menhaden, and were set in conjunction with the trap nets for approximately 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> sets for three consecutive days at each sampling location.I:\projects\SEO4739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 4-5 January 19. 1996 d w A 9-foot otter trawl with 1-1/2 inch body mesh, 1-1/4 inch cod-end mesh, and a 1/2 inch cod-end meshliner was used at several of the primary sampling locations along with the fixed sampling gear. The trawl was pulled by a 19-foot jon boat with a 40 hp outboard motor. The trawl was pulled both with and against the tide for approximately five minutes.The 20-foot flat seine and 50 feet long bag seine were both 4 feet high and have a 1/4 inch mesh.

These nets were manually pulled through the water at low tide to perform exploratory seine hauls at the Elsinboro Area.All fish collected were identified, counted, weighed (by species), and measured (fork length, or total length for fishes without a fork). For smaller species collected in large numbers (i.e., mummichogs), length ranges were measured instead of measuring each individual fish.I 4.4.2 Results A total of 1,322 fishes from twenty-one species were collected (Table 10). The Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia) was the most abundant species captured, comprising 42 percent of the total catch. The mummichug (Fundulus heteroclitus) was the second most abundant species, making up 25 percent of the catch. The white perch (Morone saxatilis) was the third most abundant with 9 percent and the Atlantic menhaden (Brevoorria tyrannus) comprised 8 percent of the catch. The remaining sixteen species (which included bay anchovy, striped bass, weakfish, and Atlantic I croaker) accounted for 15 percent of the total catch.Eight species of fish were collected at the Alloways Creek Area, where the Atlantic silverside dominated the catch. Several white perch, weakfish and Atlantic menhaden were also captured E at the two sampling locations at this Area. Gizzard shad, striped bass, Atlantic croaker, and black drum were each represented by one individual.

IThe Elsinboro Area, which contained four sampling locations, was the most productive.

A total of 949 fish from 18 species were captured at the Elsinboro Area. The Atlantic silverside dominated the catch. The mummichog was the second most abundant fish at this site, followed by the white perch, Atlantic menhaden, bay anchovy, and weakfish. The American eel, alewife, I:\projects\5E.4739\biology\report\sect4.wpd 4-6 January 19, 1996 I 0 Atlantic croaker, black drum, and harvestfish were each represented by only one individual at this I site.Seven species of fish were collected at the Mason's Point Area. The fish fauna at this site was indicative of a more freshwater habitat, and was dominated by brown bullhead and common carp.This site also marked the only location where the pumpkinseed and black crappie, typicallyconsidered to be freshwater fish, were collected.

The one sampling location at the Harmersville Area produced only 52 fish from four species, withthe mummichog being the most abundant.

This location was the only area where the naked goby was collected.

The Mill Creek Area, with three sampling locations, produced 172 fish from 12 species. Thewhite perch was the most abundant species collected here, closely followed by the Atlantic menhaden and the mummichog.

This Area produced the highest number of gizzard shad (17), and the second highest catch of weakfish (9) out of the five Areas.W Additionally, one species of invertebrate and four species of reptiles occurred as incidentalcaptures during the fish survey. The most abundant invertebrate collected during the fish survey I was the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus), which was collected at six of the aquatic sampling locations.

Of the four reptiles captured, the northern diamondback terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin), with three captures, was the most common. One specimen each of the snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina), red belly turtle (Chrysemys rubriventris) and eastern painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) were also captured during the fish collection effort.

The species of fishes, invertebrates, and reptiles collected are common inhabitants of the Delaware Bay and its tributaries.

Although the Site has several large, open connections to the bay, the diversity of fishes collected appears moderate.

This is likely, due to the time of year that the sampling was conducted and the fact that the nets were not always fishing effectively due to theswift tidal currents and floating debris present at some sampling locations.

1 l:\projects\5E04739\biologyL.r-port\sect4.wpd 4-7 January 19, 1996 -b I 5.0 I ESTUARINE AND TIDAL WETLANDS FOOD WEBS The previous sections describe the habitats present at the Alloway Creek Site and their documented utilization by terrestrial and aquatic species. The relationships of these species in the food chains of the estuary is generally diagramed in Figures 7 and 8. These food web diagrams depict the various trophic levels for two estuarine systems during the autumn season when the field investigations were conducted.The tidal wetlands food web (Figure 7) illustrates the several trophic levels and representative species that are directly associated with the Alloway Creek Site. As described in Section 3.0, much of the tidal wetlands are vegetated by Phragmites.

Since Phragmites does not decompose as rapidly as smooth cordgrass or salt hay grass (i.e., does not contribute as much to the formation of detritus), the current contribution of these wetlands to the tidal wetlands food web is diminished. The consumers of the tidal wetlands food web are primarily represented by the mammals (e.g., raccoon) and birds (e.g., northern harrier and snowy egret) that prey on the resident species in these remnant wetlands (e.g., meadow vole and mummichog).

I The estuarine food web (Figure 8) for the Alloway Creek Site illustrates the several trophic levels*that are dependent on the outward flow of detritus originating in tidal wetlands.

The pathways presented in this figure assume that the area is vegetated with emergent wetlands.

Thus, the actual functioning of this food web is currently diminished from its full potential.

An important element of this food web are the primary consumers (e.g., copepods and benthic invertebrates) which are common to both the tidal channels and Delaware Bay. Important higher trophic level consumers in this web include additional birds (e.g., double-crested cormorant) and fish (e.g., striped bass and white perch).I I I 1:\projects\5E04739\biology\report\sect5.wpd5-Jairy1,96 5-1 Janulary 19, 1996 TABLE I POTENTIALLY OCCURRING THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY I I I I I ICommon Name Scientific Name State Status (a) Federal Status Grasshopper sparrow Ammodramus savannarum TIT NL Great blue heron (b) Ardea herodias T/S NL Red shouldered hawk (b) Buteo lineatus E/T NL Northern harrier (b) Circus cyaneus E/U NL Marsh wren Cistothorus platensis E NL Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus anatum E LE/SA Bald eagle (b) Haliaeetus leucocephalus E LT Osprey (b) Pandion haliaetus T/T NL Savannah sparrow (b) Passerculus sandwichensis T/T NL Pied-billed grebe Podilymbuspodiceps E/S NL Vesper sparrow Pooectes gramineus E NL NOTES: (a) Status separated by a slash (/) indicates a dual status. The first letter refers to the state breeding population, and the second refers to the migratory or winter population.(b) Species observed at one or more of the restoration sites.State Status T = Threatened

-A species that may become endangered if conditions surrounding the species begin to or continue to deteriorate.

E = Endangered

-A species whose prospects for survival within the state are in immediate danger due to one or many, factors.S = Stable -A species whose population is not undergoing any long-term increase/decrease within its natural cycle.U Undetermined

-A species about which there is not enough information available to determine the status., Federal Status LE = Listed Endangered LT = Listed Threatened LE/SA = Listed Endangered/Similarity of Appearance NL = Not Listed Source: Salem County-Rare Species & Natural Communities Presently Recorded in the NJ Natural Heritage Database;dated 30 June 1995, Supplied by the NJDEP, September 20, 1995, and autumn 1995 field observations.

I I V;33 I :\projecls\5 E0473 9\biol og)'\tabl es\T&ELISTAX1.

Page 1 of I 1/15/96 5:11 PM I I I I I 0 0 I I ITABLE 2 VEGETATION PLOTS ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY*Mapped Data Strata Vegetation Point (a) Dominant Species Cornmon Name ('b) Type (c) Description of Area AC-VP 1 Liquidambar s~ryaciflua Sweetgum 1 FO Scrub shrab snea w/ sroe .plmg Prunus seronna Black cherry 1 Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum 2 Myrica0P*'yhacra Northenm bayberry 2 Lonicerajapomca Japanese honeysuckle 3 Panicum virgarum.

Switchgrass 3 AC-VP2 Baccharis halins~otia Sea myrtle 2 PH Edge of mgrnsltmul field / doenuated by Rhus copallma Winged-sumac 2 Common remd Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 AC-VP3 Spartna alherniflora Smooth corcigrass 3 AL Stray Cormman reed & Big cardpa sIoag creak AC-VP4 Phragmites australls Common reed 3 PH AC-VP5 Phraognites australis Common reed 3 PH AC-VP6 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 CY/PH Do-wisal -qoally by Smooth cdv-Spartina alterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 and Big cordnaa w/ oase matred Spoartna cvnosuroides Big rordgrass 3 Coamon rewd.

AC-VP7 Scirpus robustu.n Salt marsh Bulrush 3 AL Domimatsd by Smooth cordgrsm Spartina altermflora Smooth coidgrass 3 AC-VP8 Phragmiies australis Common reed 3 PH Field w/.p of Comumonreed fscmg Alloway AC-VP9 Spartna alterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL C drk H-VPI 0 Spartina alerniflora Smooth cordtgass 3 AL H-VPI 1 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 PH H-VPI2 Cehinj czdentalis Amencan hackberry 1 PH/SS Coamon n.K / Scrub hb with rsmall aistralis Common reed 3 res oflPokeweed H-VP13 Prunus serotina Black cherry I PH/SS Mosly dominated by Common reed, with a Thuja occidentalis N. white cedar 2 few =all baoa nad'.hr Phragmites australis Common reed 3 MP-VP1 4 Bacchans halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 PHISS Next to ditch is abinb sah .Phragmites arralis Common reed 3 Dominted by Siei myrtle & Common reed.Rubus cuneifols Sand blackberry 3 MP-VP15 Nytssasylvatica Blackgum I FO Between 2 ponds. spprox. 100 t.in from Acer rubrum Red maple 2 edge af forted aces.Eulalia viminea lfcrostegiunt 3 Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern 3 MP-VPI6 Baccharis hahmifolia Sea myrtle 2 PHISS Acroas from cow field. Dominated by Phragmnies australis Common reed 3 Commoon reed w/ some tcrub shrub MP-VP17 Liquidambar syrac~fua Sweetgum I SS Scrub shrub arte offof dirt road. Scattered Baccharis halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 debrr-mettad down on ground layer.Lonicerajapon.ca Japanese honeysuckle 3 Dommated by Se myrtle aid Japanese Phragmites ascstrahs Common reed 3 3ocke Smilax rotundifolia Common green brier 3_ Soldago tenurfolia Slender-lcaved goldenrod 3 MP-VP 18 Bacchardz halimhfolia Sea myrtle 2 PH/SS Dominated by Common reed sad Switch Myrica pensylvanica Northem bayberry 2 gr.i Scrub bhrub areo offofdit road.Juncus effisus Soft rush 3 Panicum virgatum Switchgrass 3 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 Solidaogo tenuffolia Slender-leaved goldenrod 3 MP-VP19 juglans ngra Black walnut I FO At the beomi.g of forested area, approx.

Prunus serotna Black cherry 1 75 ft fi'om dirt road. Dominated by Diospyros virginiana Peesinmnon 2 Black weit.ut Old well next to plot.Eulalia viminea 3 Eupatorium rugosurn White snakeroot 3 Vitis labrusca Fox Grape 3 31ý 0 l:prtoject.\5EO4739\biology\tabl.\ACVEG PLT.XLS Page I of 3 1/19/96 11:I11AM TABLE 2 VEGETATION PLOTS ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY Mapped Data Strain Vegetation Point (a) Dominant Species Common Name (b) Type (c) Description of Area MP-VP20 cer saccharrnum Silver maple 1 FO ma neat to a mowed field.

Acer saccharinuma Silver maple 2 Dominated by Silver maple ft-. sad Eulalia vwminea Microstegium 3 splhi,. Most of temiad -yea eilared_ Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3 and staked in a pia.MP-VP21 Bacchaarie halkoifolia Sea myrtle 2 Pu]SS Nea itoerva rnad. Deiniasted by sooth Phragmites australis Common reed 3 shrub specia.. Mainly, Common reed and Rubus c-efol,.us Sand blackberry 3 Sea myrtle.Solidago gigantea Late goldenrod 3 MP-VP22 Baccharis halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 PHISS Dnmi-atedby Camoanonmad.sastt a Phrrsnires australus Common reed 3 pand.MP-VP23 Juncus effisus Soft rush 3 SS Scrbsrub am in cow field DeominatedLycopus vrrginicus Water horehound 3 by Soft rms sad Slsnder.tsaved goldenod._ Solidago tenuifolia Slender-leaved goldtenod 3 MP-VP24 Baccharis halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 FF/SS Fallow field I semb shrub area effofdirt Juncus efflisus Soft rush 3 road, toward the dile at Muon's Point, Phragmites ausiralis Common reed 3 Patches ofstcub slhub with mowed scem Rubus cuneifolius Sand blackberry 3 reads. Dominated by Soft rash sad Sea Solidago gigantea Late goldenrod 3 Myttls.Sohdago renuifolia Slender-leaved goldenrod 3 Thelypteris thelypteroides Marsh fern 3 _ .MP-%rP25 Baccharis halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 FF/SS Fallow field / crob shrub ar offof di Juncus effusus Soft rush *3 rmad, toward the dike at Mason's PointPanicum virgatum Switchgrass 3 Patches of scrab shumb with mowed access Solidago gigantea Late goldenrod 3 roads. Dominated by Soft rush sad Switch Solidago lenuifolia Slender-leaved goldenrod 3 pam. oc eg before Common rmed&Thelypteris ihelypleroides Marsh fern 3 fe1e,11 aS.MPW-VP26 Spartrna alherniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL E-VP27 Spartina alterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL Openingt.

humsocks, muearl lodge-PXmlsrorn mooutersiniie ont Majoin' Point sri E-VP28 Spartina alterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL oWe gtra E-'Vp29 ISparnna allernrflora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL w/ srne Big cordgnase E-VP30 Spartina alternfora Smooth cordgrass 3 AL w/ lner Common reed Big cordgmas E-VP31 Eulahia vrmnea Microstegrum 3 PV Mowed field Panicum virgaturm Switchgrass 3 E-VP32 Diospyros virginiana Persimmon 1 FO Foeerted An Prunus serotina Black cherry I Eulalia viminea Microstcgiurn 3Phragmriles arustralis Comron reed 3 ,Setaria geniculata Foxtail grass 3 E-VP33 Phragmites aastralis Common reed 3 PH E-VP34 Acer ruamrum Red maple I EDGEOF Edgeof fotad*amsdConeanmtred Diospyros virginiana Persimmon 1 FO & PV Diospyros vWrginiana Persimmon 2 Eulaha vimina NMicrostegim 3 Panicum virgamm Swidlchgrass 3Phragmites aueralhs Common reed 3 .E-VP35 Acar rubrum Red maple I PH/FO dg offoreeted sam said Common reed Paruna serohna Black cherry I Robiniapseudoacacia Black Locust I Phragmites autralis Common reed 3 E-VP36 Phraznites australs Common reed 3 PH Along Alloay Crask E-VP37 Phrogmites australis Common reed 3 PH Bushwackd arm w/ ome Switch pam E-VP38 Scirpus robusts' Sat marsh Bulrush 3 AL Dominated by Smooth cordarass Spartina alterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 Spartina cymtesuroides B co rd 3 E-VP39 Phraginites australis Common reed 3 PH E-VP40 Pltragminies australis CZommon reed 3 PH MC-VP41 Juniperus virginiana Easter red cedar 1 FO Forested area bordering.

a nsti of Baccharrs halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 agriculual field.Junipernus virgtiana Eastern red cedar 2 Myricapensylvanica Northern bayberry 2 Phytolacca americana Conton pokeweed 2 Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3 Phragmnites austrahs Common reed 3 ,smilax rorundifolia Common green brr 3 Ao,Kykrbles\ACVEGPLT.)a.S rg t, 35 l:pmjects\5E04739%bi1119196 .11:11 AM TABLE 2 VEGETATION PLOTS ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY Mapped Data Strata Vegetation-Point (a) Dominant Species c.ommion Name (b) Type (c) Description o f Are~a MC-VP42 Panicum wrgatum Switchgraa 3 AL Domiea" by Smooth oadga.. w/ tidal Spardna afterniflora Smooth cordgrass 3 binloree.

adp a bdead oath N. Beybonay Sparina cynosuroides Big odgras 3 & Se myrtle MC-VP43 Prunms seroina Black cherry I FO Forestad -a that bortdm a mltl dike Elaeagnus commutata American alveberry 2 whiah ie dominated by Comrmoeoe Baccharm halimifolia Sea myrtle 2 tyrica pensylvanica Nolthern bayberry 2 Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3 Rubus cuneifolius Sand blackberry 3 Vjus labrusca Fox Grape 3 MC-VP44 Phragmites austrafis Common reed 3 PH MC-VP45 australis Common reed 3 PH MC-VP46 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 PH MC-VP47 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 PH MC-VP48 Nyssa sylvatica Black gum I FO ForwW aa Sassafras albidum Sassafras I Dioastros virgmniana Persimmon 2 Viburnum deniatum Northern s eaow-wood 2 Eutalia viminea Microsteum 3 MC-VP49 M'ssa sylvatica Black gum I FO Forested am Sassafras albidum Sassafras 1 Myrica pensylvanica Northern bayberry 2 Viburnum dentatum Northern arrow-wood 2 Lonicerajaponica Japanese honeysuckle 3 Smilax rotundifolia Common green brir 3 MC-VP50 Phragmites australis Common reed 3 PH NOTES: (a) AC-VPI = Alloways Creek; H-VPI I Harmersville; MP-VP14 = Mason's Point; E-VP27 = Elsinboro; MC-VP41 = Mill Creek (b) Strata 1 -tree; 2 = shrub/sapling; 3 = hcrbaceousaine Vegetation data was collected on October 16-20, 1995 LEGEND: (c) FO = Forested; PH = Phragmites austrai$s; SP = Sparfina afterniflora; CY/AL = Spartina cynosuroides I/Sparfina alterniflora; SS = scrub shrub; PH/SS = Phragmiles australis

/ scrub shrub; FF/SS = fallow field

/ scrub shrub; PI-/FO = Phragmites australis

/ Fo PV Panicum virgatum 0 I I 3 1t:prjecuaSEO4739\t ologyeta.blnACVEGPLT.XLS Page 3 of 31/19196 1:1 1A.M

.1 -q- -... -q-.TABLE 3 VEGETATION COVER TYPE AREAS ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY Alloways Creek Harmersville Elsinboro Mill Creek Mason's Point .All Areas Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Cover Type (a) Acres of total (b) Acres of total (b) Acres. of total (b) Acres of total (b) Acres of total (b) .Acres of total (b)PH 82.7 34.8%

25.6 52.4% 899.6 68.7% 920.4 81.3% 307.5 35.3% 2235.9 62.1%AL 66.0 27.7% 21.1 43.1% 326.4 24.9% 46.9 4.1% 17.5 2.0% 477.9 13:3%AG 74.2. 31.2% 11.9 0:9% 128.8 11.4%

165.3 19.0% 380.1 .10.6%PH/SS 5.9 2.5% 2.2 4.5% 0.7 0.1% 186.4 21.4% 195.2 .5.4%/o.FO 4.3 1.8% 6.3 0.5% 25.4 2.2% 106.1 12.2% 142.1 3.9%NMF 41.0 3.1% 2.1 0.2% 43.1 1.2%FF/SS .37.7 4.3% 37.7 1.0%FF 4.3 0.4% 21.7 2.5% 26.0 0.7%SS 0.9 0.4%' r 1.3 0.1% 18.1 2.1% 20.2 0.6%PV 17.0 113% 17.0 0.5%PH/FO _ __._7.6 0.6% _ 7.6 0.2%DEV 1_2.9 0.3% 3.8 0.4% 6.7 0.2%CY/AL 4.1 1.7% 4.1 0.1%SC _ 3.8 0.4% .3.8 .0.1%TL/PH _ 2.1 " 0.2%- 2.1 0.1%OW 35.8 13.1% 15.2 23.7%. 274.3 17.3% 242.1 17.6% 149.9 -.14.7% 717.4 16.6%Total Vegetated Area (b) 238.0 86.9% 48.9 76.3% 1309.9 82.7% 1132.8 82.4% 870.1 85.3% 3599.6 83.4%

Total Area 273.8 64.1 1584.2 _ 1374.9 " 1020.0 4317.0 Notes: (a) FO = Forested; PH = Phragmites australis; SP = Spartina alterniflora; CY/AL = Spartina cynosuroides

/ Spartina alterniflora; SS = scrub shrub; PH/SS

= Phragmites australis

/ scrub shrub; FF/SS = fallow field / scrub shrub; PH/FO -Phragmites australis

/ Forested;PV = Panicum virgatum; SC = Scirpus sp.(b) relative percent of each cover type is based on total vegetated area (i.e., total area minus open water area); percent of OW based on total area 0 0 1:\projects\5E04739\biology\tables\ACDOTS.XLSP Page I of I 1115/96 5-14 PM I 0 0 TABLE 4 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY I I I U I I I I I I I I I I MC-BT1 Common Name Scientific Name 10/18/95 10/19/95, 10/20/95 Total Mourning dove Zenaida macroura 9 7 1 17 Song sparrow Melospiza melodia 5 4 1 10 Ruby-crowned kinglet .Regulus calendula 6 .2 1 9 Yellow-rumped warbler Dendroica coronata 2 4 6 Red-Ainged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus 2 1 2 5 White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis 3.3 2 5 Blue jay Cyanocitta cristata 3 3 Common flicker Colaptes auratus 2 1 3 Black-capped chickadee Parus atricapillus 3 3 Golden-crowned kinglet Regulus satrapa 2 2 Downy woodpecker Picoides pubescens 1 1 2 Rufous-sided towhee Pipilo ervthrophthalmus " 2 2 Red-tailed hawk Buteojamaicensis 1 1 2 Gray catbird Dumetella carolinensis 1 1 1 3 American kestrel Falco sparverius

.. 1 1 Eastern phoebe Sayornis phoebe 1 1 White-crowned sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys 1 1" Common yellow throat Geothlypis trichas 1 1 Northern cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis

.1 1 Red-bellied woodpecker

[Melanerpes carolinus1 1 Note: MC-BTI -Mill Creek Bird Transect 2 1:\projects\5E04739\biology\tables\ACBIRDT.XL,S Page 1 of 5.1/15/96 5:30 PM TABLE 4 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY MC-BT2 Common Name Scientific Name 10/18/95 10/19/95 10/20/95 Total Yellow-rumped warbler Dendroica coronata.

17 24. 41 House finch Carpodacus mexicanus 2 12 3 17 Ruby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula 6 5 5 16 American robin Turdus migratorius 5 1 6 12 Black-capped chickadee Parus atricapillus 3 2 5 Common flicker Colaptes auratus 2 2 4 Red-winged blackbird Agelaiusphoeniceus 4 4 Palm warbler Dendroica palmarum 3 .3 Swamp sparrow Melospiza georgiana 1 1 2 3 American kestrel Falco sparverius 1 1 2 Northern harrier Circus cyaneus 1 1 2 Gray catbird Dumetella carolinensis 1 1 2 Song sparrow Melospiza melodia 1 1 2 Long-billed marsh wren Cistothorus palustris 1 1 2 Common yellow throat Geothlypis trichas 1 1 2 White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis 2 2 Turkey vulture Cathartes aura 1 1 Rufous-sided towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus 1 1 Field sparrow Spizella pusilla I .1_Savannah sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis 1 1 American black duck Anas rubripes 1 1.Ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus I 1 White-breasted nuthatch Sitta carolinensis 1 1 Red shouldered hawk Buteo lineatus 1 1 Tufted titmouse Parus bicolor " j 1 1 Note: MC-BT2- Mill Creek Bird Transect 4 I :\projects\5E04739\biology\tables\ACBIRDT.X.LaS Page 2 of 5 1/15/96 5:30 PM TABLE 4NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY MP-BT3 Common Name Scientific Name 10/18/95 10/19/95 10/20/95 Total American robin Turdus migratorius 4 50 50 104 Yellow-rumped warbler Dendroica coronata 15 8 8 31 Blue jay Cyanocitta cristata 7 12 10 29 Ruby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula 5 8 5 18Common bobwhite Colinus virginianus 15 15Swamp sparrow , Melospizageorgiana 3 6 9 Red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus 7 7Black-capped chickadee Parus atricapillus 6 6 Gray catbird Dumetella carolinensis 3 3 6 Golden-crowned kinglet Regulus satrapa 4 4 Tufted titmouse Parus bicolor 2 2 4White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis.

2. 2 4Rufous-sided towhee Pipilo erythrophthalmus 1 3 4 Song sparrow Melospiza melodia 4 4 Mourning dove Zenaida macroura 1 2 3 Carolina wren Thryothorus lubovicianus 1 2 3 Turkey vulture Cathartes aura 2 1 .3 Downy woodpecker Picoidespubescens 2 1 3 Red-tailed hawk Buteojamaicensis I .1 2 Common flicker Colaptes auratus 1 1Northern cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis 1 Common crow Corvus brachyrhynchos 1 1 Gray-cheeked.thrush Catharus ustulatus 1 1 Note: MP-BT3- Mason's Point Bird Transect 4 44D l:\projects\5EO4739\biology\tablesACBIRDT.XLS Page 3 of 5 1/15/96 5:30 PM TABLE 4 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY IMP-BT4 Common Name Scientific Name 10/18/95 10/19/95 10/20/95 Total Greater yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 1 150 151 Yellow-rumped warbler Dendroica coronata .11 35 12 58 Tree swallow Iridoprocne bicolor 50 50 Red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus 3 8 5 16 Swamp sparrow Melospiza georgiana 15 15 Ruby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula 2 8 .10 Song sparrow 'Melospiza melodia 6 6 Black-capped chickadee Parus atricapillus 1 4 5 White-throated sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis 5 5 Northern harrier Circus cyaneus 1 3 Northern cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis 3 3 Blue jay Cyvanocitta cristata 3 3 Common crow Corvus brachyrhynchos 2 2 Common yellow throat Geothlypis trichas I 1 2 Palm warbler Dendroica palmarum 2 2 Gray catbird Dumetella carolinensis

.2 2 Dark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis 2 2 Tufted titmouse Parus bicolor 2 2 Carolina wren Thryothorus lubovicianus 1 1 Great blue heron Ardea herodias 1 1 Savannah sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis 1 1 Common flicker Colaptes auratus .1 1 American robin Turdus migratorius 1 1 Purple finch Carpodacus purpureus

.1 1 Downy woodpecker Picoides pubescens 1 1 Note: MP-BT4- Mason's Point Bird Transect 3 l:\projects\5E04739\biology\tablesýACBIRDT.XSP Page 4 of 5 1/15/96 5:30 PM S 0 TABLE 4 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED ALONG TRANSECTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY I I I!I I I I I I i I I I AC-BT5 Common Name Scientific Name 10/18/95 10/19/95 10/20/95 Total Red-winged blackbird Agelaiusphoeniceus 25 50 3 78 Song sparrow iMelospiza melodia 14 2 16 Swamp sparrow -Melospiza georgiana 13 13 Yellow-runmped warbler Dendroica coronata 10 10 Ruby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula 1 5 6 Mourning dove Zenaida macroura 5 5 House finch J Carpodacus mexicanus 1 1 Northern cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis 1 1 Note: AC-BT5- Alloways Creek Bird Transect 5 I:\projects\5E04739\biology\tables\ACBIRDT.xMS Page 5 of 5 1/15/96 5:30 PM TABLE 5 NUMBER OF BIRDS OBSERVED AT OBSERVATION POINTS OCTOBER 18 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY MP-BPI Common Name Scientific Name 10118/95 10/19/95 10/20/95 Total Tree swallow Iridoprocne bicolor 50 50 100 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 23 23 Canada goose Branta canadensis 15 15Greater yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 1 10 11 Northern harrier Circus cyaneus 1 ,4 5 Red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus

.4 4 Ring-billed gull Larus delawarensis 4 4 Clapper rail Rallus longirostris

_ 3 3 Common crow Corvus brachyrhynchos 3 3 Double crested cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus 2 2 Turkey vulture Cathartes aura 2 2 American kestrel Falco sparverius 1 Song sparrow Melospiza melodia 1 1 Ruby-crowned kinglet Regulus calendula 1 1 Black-crowlned night heron Nycticorax nycticorax 1 Great blue heron A rdea herodias 1 1 Note: MP-BP I -Mason's Point Bird Observation Point 3 I 1:\kprojects\5EO4739\biology\tables\ACBIRDO.XLS Page 1 of I 1/15/96 5:14PM 0 TABLE 6SMALL MAMMALS CAPTURED OCTOBER 17 TO 20, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: AC-SMT I _DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (H-R.): 18 32.5 23 22 range (a) range Total (am) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name House mouse Mus musculus 1 3 1 120- 150 12-25 6 White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucotpus 3 3 2 2 110-170 15-32 10 SITE: _MP-SMT 2 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (HR.): 18 24 4 23.5 range (a) range Total (rm) (g) catch ommon Name Scientific Name White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus 3 110-165 10-22 7 SITE: MP-SMT 3 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (HR): 17.5 24.5 24.5 23.5 range (a) range Total (nn) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name I White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus 3 2 4 125- 170 15-24 9 SITE: MP-SMT 4 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (HR.): 16.5 25 24 22 range (a) range Total (mm) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus 1 4 5 8 125 -165 11 -25 18 Masked shrew Sorex cinereus 1 90 4 1 SITE: MC-SMT 5 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (IR.): 17.5 25 26 28 range (a) range Total (mm) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name mouse Peromvscus leucopus 3 7 6 115- 170 11 -26 24 SITE: MC-SMT 6 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (HR.): 18.5 24.5 24 23.5 range (a) range Total (mm) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name Meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus 1 120 17 1 House mouse Mus musculus 1 110 22 1 White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus 5 4 J9 J 8 113-170 1 9-28 26 SITE: MC-SMT 7 DATE: 10/17 10/18 10/19 10/20 size weight DURATION (HR.): 18.5 24.5 26 19 range (a) range Total (am) (g) Catch Common Name Scientific Name House mouse .Mus musculus I NA (b) NA (b) I White-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus 1 1 7 11 105-167 11 -23 20 NOTES: Mammal Transects (MT) consisted of fifteen co-located Sherman and Snap traps, and five Pitfall traps.Initial set of all traps occurred on 10/16/95 (b) Size range indicates total length of animal (body and tail)AC -Alloways Creek; MC

-Mill Creek; MP -Mason's Point (b) animal escaped before it could be measured.t:\projects5 E04739\biolog,\tablesVMA A XL 1P 1Xo1S Page I of I 1/15/96 5:.15 PM TABLE 7 RANGE OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4,1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: ALLOWAYS CREEK ELSINBORO LOCATION:

AC-AS1 AC-AS2 E-AS4 E-AS5 E-AS6 E-AS9 Approx. width (ft.) 35 -45 30 -50 100-150 30-40 250-350 40-50 Depth of water (ft.) 1-6 1-6 0-5 2-7 0-5 0-5 Temperature (C) 18.4 -19.3 18.7 -19.2 18.9 -20.3 19.3 -19.4 19.5 -20.0 18.7 -20.1 Salinity (o/oo) 8.8- 11.8 8.9-11.3 9.4- 12.0 9.4-9.9 9.0-9.3 8.9-9.3 Conductivity (uS/cm) 15.1 -19.7 15.3 -19.0 16 -20 16.1 -16.9 15.3 -16.0 15.4 -16.1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 5.0 -6.5 5.84 -6.65 6.0 -7.3 6.57 -10.0 6.7 -10.8 6.1 -7.67 pH 7.1 -7.3 7.2-7.51 7.36-7.57 7.46-7.75 7.6-7.8 7.35 -7.78 Secchi depth (inches) 8-14 9-15 12-18 14-18 6-12 14 SITE: MASON'S POINT HARMERSVILLE MILL. CREEK LOCATION:'

MP-AS7 MP-AS8 H-AS3 I MC-ASIO MC-ASII MC-AS12 Approx. NNidth (ft.)>100>100 20-30 40-50 30 -40 30-40 Approx. width (if) >100 >100 20-30 40 -50 30 -40 30-40 4 .4. J. 4.Depth of water (ft.) 1-2 1-3 2-7 0-5 0-5 0-5 v Depth of water (ft.)1-2.1-3 2-7 0-5 0-5 0-5 Temperature (C) 18.0 -22.5 18.2- 21.4 19 -19.7 18.5 -23 17.4 -20.4 26.2 -21.5 Salinity (o/oo) 7.8- 8.0 8.1 -8.2 9.2 -12.2 7.5 -8.1 8.1 -8.2 7.8 -8.2 Conductivity (uS/cm) 13.6 -14 14.0- 14.2 15:7 -20.4 12.7- 14.1 14- 14.1 13.6- 14.2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 12.8- 14.5 .11.98 -13.85 5.8 -7.27 5.62 -7.68 5.31 -6.6 6.16-8.62 pH 8.38 -9.05 8.44 -9.03 7.25 -7.63 7.22 -7.63 7.32 -'7.47 7.52 -7.83 Secchi depth (inches) 9,12 10-12 10-18 8-17 6-12 12 -13 I:\projects\5 E0473 9\biology\tabl es\PCHEM.XLSPae1o1

/59 :I M Page I of 1.1/15/96 5:15 PM TABLES rv!ACROZOOPLAN KTON COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4, 1995 ALLOWA' CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: ALLOWAYS CREEK ELSINBORO LOCATION:

AC-ASI AC-AS2 E-AS4 E-AS5 E-AS6 E-AS9 DATE: 9/25/95 9/25/95 9/25/95 9/29/95 9/29/95 10/2/95 REPLICATE:

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 I 2 1 2 No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No.TAXON Indiv. Indiv. per Liter Indiv. Indiv.

per Liter Indiv. Indiv. per Liter Indiv. Indiv.

per Liter Indiv. lndiv. per Liter Indiv. Indiv. pEr Liter Coclenterata Hydrozoan medusae i 3 0.10 3 9 0.30 15 0.38 3 1 0.10 I 0.03 Rotifera Asplanchna sp. 5. 0.13 Brachionus sp. _68 41 2,71 380 337 Is Unid. Rotifera I 0.03 1 0.03 5 5 0.25 1 1 0.05 Nematoda Uid. Nematoda .1 7 0.20 13. 14 0.66 35 40 1.88 9 6 0.38 3 10 0.31 Annelida 1 Polychacta larvae 4 16 0.50 8 14 0.54 10 20 0.75 4 1 0.13 4 2 0.14 3 0.08 thropoda Cruslacca Copepoda Calanoida 8 25 0.83 6 32 0.94 60 50 2.75 1 0.03 3 0.08 Cyclopoida 8 0.19 25 3 0.71 Harpacticoida 3 3 0.15 7 5 0.29 4 I 0.13 4 2 0.14 10 10 0.50 Calonoid copepodids 3 S 0.28 10 5 0.36 10 20 0.75 1 0.03 5 0.13 Cyclopoid eopepodids 1 2 0.08 3 1 0.10 6 5 0.28 10 0.25 Copcpod naupli 60 45 2.63 35 50 2.11 380 315 17.38 47 28 1.88 28 28 1.39 80 83 4 Cirriedia (Barnacles)

Bamnacle nauplbi 23 58 2.03 89 113 5.04 145 65 5.25 34 21 1.38 23 17 0.99 40 43 2 Bamacle cypris 1 0.03 1 2 0.08 5 0.13 Decopoda Caridean shrimp 1 0.03 Arachnoidea Hydracarina 2 0.05 TOTAL 106 170 7 173 241 10 645 535 30 106 61 141 105 6 545 494 26 0 S::c~6t\55E04739\biologArtable.\ZOOPLK.XLSP 2 Page I of 21/15/9% 5:15 Pm m q m ---f -- -m m if -TABLE8 MACROZOOPLANKTON COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SfrIE: HARMERSV[LLE MILL CREEK _ _

• _MASON'S POINT LOCATION:

H-AS3 MC-ASI0 MC-ASiI MC-ASI2 MP-AS7 MP-ASS DATE: 9/25/95 10/2/95 10/2195 10/2/95 9/30/95 9/30/95 REPLICATE:

I 2 1 2 1 2 I 2 .. 1 2 1 2 No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No.TAXON Indiv. Indiv. per Liter Indiv. Iridiv. per Liter mdiv.

Indiv. per Liter mndiv. Indiv. per Liter Indiv. Indiv. per liter Indiv. Indiv. per Liter Coclenterata

_____Hydrozoan medusar 1 1 0.05 Rotifera Asplanchna sp. 10 0.25 2 I 0.08 " " Brachionus sp. 1 3 0.11 140 40 5 5 0.13

• 8920 8360 432 9920 12880 570 Unid. Rotifera 2 -0.05 ." 2 0.08 Nematoda Unid. Nematoda .3 13 0.41 100 20 3 10 0.25 3 8 0.28 40 1 " ____Annelida Polychacta larvae 4 20 0.60 " _Arthropoda

-__Crustacca

-Copepoda Calanoida 18 27 1.12 5 0.13 .1 0.03 .40 1 Cyclopoida 2 3 0.13 20 1 _ 1280 2400 92, 160 480 16 Harpacticoida 7 3 0.26 20 10 0.75 1 0.03 40 1 Calonoid copepodids 3 0.08 ..1 0.03 Cyclopoid copepodids 4 0A0 .100 3. " -2 0.05 A00 760 29 160 240 10 Copepodnauplii 133 383 12.91 4980 5580 264 4740 525 '131.63 56 66 3.05 320 .520. 21 320 400 -18 Ciripedia (Barnacles) , __ __-_"_,_Barnacle nauplji 8 .7 0.37 100 80 5 .: _ ..Barnacle cypris Decopoda Caridean shrimp __-Arachnoidea Hydracarina

" hOTAL 186 461 16 5340 5820 279 4760 565 133 ,65 79 4 10960. 12120 577 10560 14000 614-32 S~project'3EO473fioloeAtsblo.ZOOPLK.tXLS Pg f2tt/6StP Page 2 of 21/15/96 5; 15 Pm TABLE 9 MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 02, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: X ALLOWAYS CREEK ELSINBIORO LOCATION:

AC-ASI AC-AS2 E-AS4 E-AS5 E-AS6 E-AS9 DATE: 9/25/95 9/25/95 9/25/95 9/29/95 9129/95 10/2/95 REPLICATE:

1 2 1 2 i 2 1 2* 1 2 I. 2 No. of No, of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of -Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No.TAXON Indiv. Indiv. perSq. Meter Indiv, mndiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Ilndiv. lndiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Cnidaria Hydrozoa (polyp) "_0 4 88 Platyhelminthes Turbellaria Nemertea (Rhynchocoela)

Cerebratulussp.

4 0 88 0 4 88 .352 4 0 88 0 4 88 Annelida Oligochaeta 72 44 2552 288 76. 8008 20 60 1760 636 180 17952 4 100 2288 Polychacta Ampharetidae Hypaniola gryi 24 12 792 4 0 88 36 24. 1320 Am haretidac t _ 0 8 176 Nereidac Laeonereis culveri 16 8 528 48 40 1936 0 56 1232 28 1232 4 -36, '880 Nereis succi nea "44 0 968 4 0 88 Sp~ionidac, Polvdorasp.

0 16 352 152 32 4048:. 0 8 176 Scolecolepides viridis .0 4 88 8 352-Crustaccai Isopoda Cyathuralpolita 16 28 968 0 4 88 36 20 1232 28 1232 8 0 176 Edotea trikoba 12 8 440 0 4 88 16 4 440 24 1056 0 4 88 Amphpoda Aotidae!Leptocheirusplumulosus 24 0 528 4 4 176 0 4 88 4 176 44 16 1320 _Corophltdae Corophium sp. 0 4 88 4 0 88 _ 0 8 176 Ganmmardea Gamnmarus palustri$

8 4 264 Gammarus sp. (juv.) 0 12 264 0 4 88 4 176 8 0 176 0 8 176 Meliddae"" Melita nitida ." 0 4 88 CoPcPoda Harpacticoida 4 4 176 Decapoda 4renaeus cribrarius 0 4 88 Rhithropanopetts harrisii _4 176 0 8 .176 Chironoidae 8 8 352 4 176 4 12. 352.Mollusca Gastropods (irv.) .Bivalva Mfulinia lateralis 0 4 88 g" AMusauli m sp. 4 0 88 " -Mvtilus edulis fiuv._ 4 0 88 TOTAL 168 132 6600 344 144 10736 332 220 12144 112 4928 696. 208 19888 24 .192 4752 Sf.: Notes: sample not counted as it was not deemed to be a representative sample.t:\piojOý5E4739kbiolopy~t.bia1ACBNT'HC XLS Page I of 2 0 1/15/96 mop M. -w -M.-- -TABLE 9 MACROINVERTEBRATES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 02, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: IHARMERSVILLE

...... MILL CREEK MASON'S POINT LOCATION:

H-AS3 MC-ASIO MC-ASI1 MC-ASI2 MP-AS7 MP-ASg DATE: 9/25/95 10/2/95 10/2/95 .10f2/95 9/30/95 9/30/95 REPLICATE:

I 2 l 2 I 2 I 2 1 2 I 2 No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No. No. of No. of Mean No.rAXON lndiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. [ndiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv.

Indiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. lndiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Indiv. Indiv. per Sq. Meter Cnidana--_lydrozoa (polyp)____

_______lat'helminthes Turbellaria

_ _* 12 12 528 Nemertea (Rtynchococla)

Cerebratululwsp..-

0 $ 176 -Annelida Oligochaeta

.1496 1644 69080 830 484 28908

• 402 564 21252 0 32 .704 32 24 1232 Potychacta Ampharetidac Hypaniola grayi ..... 8 8 352 Amph aretidac (juv.)Nereidae Laeonereisculern 1 0 22 16 16 704 10 20 660 26 24 1100 0 4 88 72 68 3080 ANereis succmnea 0 4 88 4 0 88 Spionidar Polydora sp. 7 16 506 Scolecolepides viridis Arthropoda Crmstacca Isopoda Cyathurapolita 8 6 308 4 0 88 Edotea triloba I 2 66 4 4 176 2 0 44 Amphipoda____________

Aoridae I _ _ _ _I Leptocheirusplumulosus 1 0 22 12 4 352 10 0 .220 Corophddac__________

Carophium sp. I 9 220 0 488 Gammaridta n0 4 __ I Gammaruspalustris 0 4 88 Ganmarus .UV._Melitidac Melita nitida Copepoda Harpacticoida 0 12 264 Decapoda d Arenaeua cribrarius Rhithropanop eu harrisii 0 3 66 Insects Chironomidae 0 4 88 0 8 176 16 0 352 Mollusca Gastropoda (jOuv.) 4 0 -88 ....Bivaia M~ulinia lateratis-I. L I I 4 -I I AlIii la--Musculium sp.Mytitus eduhls (jt).6841 70840 1 852 504 29832 428 600 1 22616 0 44 968 144 116 TOTAL , 19 40 Notes: = sample not conted as it was I:\projec t5EO4739\biolo$t.oblt'ACBNTHC.XI.S Page 2 of 2 1/15/96

---

/ -m ----m -i ---ml -m -TABLE 10 TOTAL NUMBER OF FISHES AND INCIDENTAL SPECIES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4, 1995, ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: ALLOWAY CREEK LOCATION:

AC-AS I AC-AS 2 DATE: 9/26/95 9/27/95 9/21/95 *9/29/95 9/26/95 9/27/95 9/28/95 '9/29/95 COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FISHES American eel Anguilla rostrata Alewife A osa pseudoharengus

.Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia r'rannusGizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli Common carp Cyprinus carpio White catfish Ameiurus catus Yellow bullhead Ameiurus nalalis Brown bullhead Ameiurur nebulosus Channel catfish Icalurus punctatus Mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia 48 White perch Morone americanus 2 I 5 Striped bass Morone saxatilis I

Lepomis gibbosus Black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus Weakfish Cynoscion regali$ 1 2Atlantic croaker Micropogon undularus I Black drunm Pogonias cromis Harvestfish Peprilus alepidotus Naked goby Gobioeoma bosci INCIDENTALS Blue crab Callinectes sapidus 1 I* Otter Trawl I\prnSE04739'biaIa~tneflSHJtt.S Page I of 4 l/1V96 516PM Page I o1`4 111V%9 5:16 PM

-u m -m m m m m -w ---- -TABLE 10 TOTALNUMBER OF FISIIES AND INCIDENTAL SPECIES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE , SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: ELSINBORIO

_ " LOCATION:

E-AS 4 E-AS 5 E-AS 6 E-AS 9 DATE: 9/26/95 9/27/95 9/28/95 "9/30/95 9/29/95 9/30/95 10/1/95 9/29/95 9/30/95 10/1/95 10/2/95 10/3/95 10/4/95 COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FISHES ,merncan eel. Anguilla rostata I Alewife A loso pseudoharengus I .Atlantic menhaden Brevoorta I 27 32 Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum 2 Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 30 .Common carp C),prnus carpio 12_ _it_ catfish A meiurus ca__s I 1 2Yellow bullhead

.4meittrus matalisr I Browcn bullhead A meiutru$

nebulosus 2 C'hannel catfish lctalurus punctatus I k furumchog Fundulus heteroclitus 1 5 10 91 91 47 Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia 2 1 500 3 White perch Morone amencanus

.2 1 13 2 5 16 1 2" 24 2 Striped bass Morone saxatilis 9 .* 1 Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus Black crappic Pomoxis nigromaculatus Weaklish Cynoscion regalis 2 2 Atlantic croaker Micropogon undulatus Black dnu= Pogomas cromis I Haivestfish Peprilums alepidotus

_Naked goby Gobiosoma bosci INCIDENTALS Blue crab Callinectes sapidus 3 I 6 Diamondback Terrapin Malaclemnys terrapin I 2* 10& 509 Seine 1.A I:'pn~eda~5EO4739oto~1~.tFJSILXLS Page 2of4 11151u6 5:16PM Page 2 of 4I1I15/96 $:16 PM TABLE 10 TOTAL NUMBER OF FISHES AND INCIDENTAL SPECIES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4,1995 ALLONWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNT', NEW.IERSEY SITE: MASON'S POINT -HARvERSVILLE LOCATION:

MP-AS 7 MP-AS 8 H-AS 3 DATE: 9/29/95 9/30/95 10/1/95 9/29/95 9/30/95 10/1/95 9/26/95 9/27/95 9/28/95 COMMON NAvME SCIENTIFIC NAME FISHES Americain eel Anguilla rostrata Alewife&ý Alosa pseudoharengusAtlantic menhaden Brevoortia lyrannus 3 4 Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli Common carp C'prinus carpio 5 3 11 I White catfish A meiurus catus 2 Yellow bullhead Ameiurus natalis Brown bullhead A meiuris nebulosus 20 14 7 6 Channel catfish lcialurus punctatus Mhmwnichog Pundulus heteroclitus 18 25 Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia 2 2 White perch "Morone americanus Striped bass Morone saxatilis Punmpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus 2 1 Black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus I 1 Weaklish Cynoscion regaliaAtlantic croaker Micropogon undulatus Black drun Pogonias cromis Harvestlish Peprilus alepidotus Naked goby Gobiosoma bosci 3 I INCIDENTALS Blue crab Callinectes sapidus 57 34 22 83 34 33 Red belly Chysenys nqbrientris

__ I Eastern Painted Chrysemys picta I 0i Q5N l... I:'proj.5E 0739\biogyoaab/FI 1SRfXL P Page 3 of"4 1/15/96 S:16 PM TABLE 1t TOTAL NUMBER OF FISHES AND INCIDENTAL SPECIES COLLECTED SEPTEMBER 25 TO OCTOBER 4, 1995 ALLOWAY CREEK SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SITE: MILL CREEK LOCATION MC-ASI0 1 MC-AS II MC-AS 12 DATE: 1012195 1013195 1014/95 10/2195 10/3/95 10/4/95 10/2/95 10/3/95 10/4/95 COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME FISHES American eel Anguilla rostrata Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus 2 Atlantic merhaden Brevoortia tyrannus 4 8 25 1 Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum 3 4 3 1 33 Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 11 Common carp Cyprinus carpio I White catfish Ameiurus catus 2 Yellow bullhead Amejurus natalis Brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus I I Channel catfish lctaluruspunctatus M4tmmichog Fundulus heteroclitus 20 5 32 2 3 Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia 2 White perch Morone amenicanus 19 2 3 1 4 17 Striped bass Morone saratilis Pwnpkinseed Lepomisgibbosus Black crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus WeaKlish Cynoscon regalis 2 4 2 Atlantic croaker Micropogon undulalus 2 Black drum Pogonias cromis Harveslfish Peprilus alepidotus Naked goby Gobiosoma bosci INCIDENTALS Snapping Turtle Chelydra serpentina 0'\I:olftsd5EO473Vbiologqyl.bulTFlSPa.g f 95 Page 4 of 4 V]15196 5-16PMd r

---m m m m m m m m m m m m m 0 0 I m --- m- m- -- -m-- m m m m m m S 0 0 0 SD 0D 0D SD 0l uA 0T0TOSCAE I'ARiEA 01' DETAlt OTOý4L PREUIMINARY SITE BOUNDAR-. _______EXIS nNG SURFACE WATER_____ EXISTING DRIVE.., ..MUNICIPAL BOUNDARY0. 0VEGETATIVE COVER BOUNDARY SpaEm CN E JR P.- SCRUB-_SHRUB CA AGRICULTURAL.

LAND-DEVELOPED LAND OPSIEGar FIGURE 4b 900 00 800 ?00 ELSINBORO

-EAST 900 00 800 700 VEGETATIVE COVER SALEMCOUA NEW JERSEY 0 0 i i 0 I

M M M M M--- M M" M M M m m M M M Tro2'hic LevelC u 2', 3', 4 Consumers 1', 2', 3' Consumers el 1', 2' Consumers 1' Consumers.

1' Producers AUTUMN TIDAL WETLAND FOOD WEB ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED WETLAND RESTORATION SITES.SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS CONSULTING ENGINEERS, GEOLOGISTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS WAYNE, NEW JERSEY OR. BY: BAS ISCALE: NONE PROJ. NO.: 5E04739 I KM-:* 1', 2', 3T, etc. -Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, etc.CK*D. BY: ABB JDATE: JAN 7,1996I FIG NO 7 cKD.BY: BS ATE: JAN .196 I IG. O:I 0 'ý;)

M-- --- M =- M-- U =- = = = =.= l Trotnhic Level3', 4', 5' Consumers 2', 3', 4' Consumers2', 3' Consumers 1', 2' Consumers 1' Consumers F Producers El t 1A AUTUMN ESTUARINE FOOD WEB ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED WETLAND RESTORATION SITES SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS CONSULTING ENGINEERS, GEOLOGISTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS WAYNE, NEW JERSEY* 1', 2', 3', etc. -Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, etc.DR. BY: BAS SCALEi N(' 'W CK'D. BY: .ABB13 ....I1 Salem/ Hope Creek Environmental Audit -Post-Audit Information Question #: ECO-3 Category:

Ecology Statement of Question:

Please provide the following documents that were made available during the Salem and HCGS License Renewal Environmental Audit in response to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-3.A Attachment

1. 1(b), ACW Management Plan B Attachment

1. 1 (c), 2008 ACW Site Status Report, C Attachment # 1 (d), ACW Color Figures D Attachment

1. 2 (a), Map of Land Cover at Salem and Hope Creek E Attachment

1. 2(b), Map of Land Cover with transmission lane ROWs superimposed F Attachment

1. 2(c), Metadata for Land Cover maps Response:

The documents requested are being provided.List Attachments Provided: A PSEG. Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan. February 17, 2004.B PSEG. 2008 Status Report, Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site. June 19, 2009.C i. PSEG, Estuary Enhancement Program. Figure 3, "Flood Conditions, Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site." October 16, 2002.ii. PSEG, Estuary Enhancement Program. Figure 4, "1996 Vegetation Features, Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site." October 16, 2002.iii. PSEG, Estuary Enhancement Program. Figure 5.1, "1999 Final Conditions, Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site." December 9, 2002.iv. PSEG, Estuary Enhancement Program. Untitled Figure. Undated.v. PSEG, Estuary Enhancement Program. Figure 5.4, "Public Use Areas, Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site." May 2002.D Map titled "PSEG, License Renewal Environmental Report, Site Landcover" with table of acreages by landcover type. Undated.I E Map titled "PSEG, License Renewal Environmental Report, Transmission System Landcover" with table of acreages by landcover type. Undated.F Meta data for Salem/Hope Creek Site and transmission line rights of way [NOAA. 2008. C-CAP zone 62 2006-Era Land Cover. CSC (Coastal Services Center)/Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP).http://csc.noaa.gov/crs/Ica/.]

S 2 ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION MANAGEMENT PLAN ELSINBORO AND LOWER ALLOWAYS CREEK TOWNSHIPS SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY February 17, 2004 0 S U ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 I1. ESTUARY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM GOALS 5 II1. ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION MANAGEMENT PLAN OVERVIEW 6 IV. ALLOWAY CREEK SITE DESCRIPTION 6 A. Site Areas 6 B. Geology and Soils 7 C. Surface and Groundwater Hydrology 8 D. Vegetative Cover 11 E. Wildlife 12 F. Aquatic Fauna 13 G. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species/Significant Natural Communities 14 H. Cultural and Historic Resources 18 V. ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT PROVISIONS 20 A. Pre-Restoration 20 B. Wetland Restoration Design and Construction 21 C. Public Use Provisions 32 D. Agricultural Activities 33 E. Wetland Restoration Implementation Schedule 33 F. Public Notification Process 34 G. Operation and Maintenance Schedule 35 H. Success Criteria, Adaptive Management, and Monitoring 35 VI. LITERATURE CITED 40 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 List of Attached Tables Table No.1 POTENTIALLY OCCURRING THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES List of Attached Figures Figure No.1.0 ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED SITE RESTORATION SITE 2.1 TIDE LEVEL DATA FOR DELAWARE RIVER 2.2 TIDE LEVEL DATA.FOR ALLOWAY CREEK 3.0 ALLOWAYS CREEK SITE FLOOD CONDITIONS

4.0 ALLOWAYS

CREEK AREA VEGETATIVE COVER 5.1 FINAL CONDITIONS

5.2 TYPICAL

CROSS-SECTION

5.3 TYPICAL

UPLAND ISLAND DETAILS 5.4 PUBLIC USE AREA6.0 EEP "ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PROCESS FOR PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED RESTORATION SITES 7.0 EEP ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT RESTORATION TRAJECTORIES FOR PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED RESTORATION SITES ii Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022 ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION MANAGEMENT PLAN 1. INTRODUCTION In July 1994, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) issued a final New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NJPDES) Permit No. NJ0005622 (the NJPDES Permit) for the Salem Generating Station (the Station).

This NJPDES Permit, which became effective September 1, 1994, contained a number of innovative Special Conditions that addressed concerns about the loss of aquatic organisms resulting from the Station's operations.

Effective August 1, 2001, the NJDEP issued a final NJPDES renewal permit to PSEG Nuclear LLC (PSEG), formerly Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G). This final permit action continues the wetlands restoration and preservation requirements contained in the July 20, 1994 NJPDES permit.The Special Conditions in the 1994 NJPDES Permit required PSEG to take the following actions: " Implement modifications to the circulating water system intake traveling screens;" Conduct feasibility testing of state-of-the-art technology to create sound barriers that deter fish from entering the area of the Station's cooling water intake system;" Limit the amount of cooling water the Station can withdraw from the river to the level then currently drawn, which is five percent below design specifications;" Construct and maintain five fish passageways in tributaries of the Delaware Estuary;" Develop and implement a comprehensive Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary;" Implement a program to restore, enhance, and preserve a minimum of 8,000 acres of wetlands along the Delaware Estuary and an additional 2,000 acres of wetlands and/or 6,000 acres of upland buffer; and" Impose Conservation Restrictions on not less than 10,000 acres of wetlands/uplands and on the approximately 4,500 acres of land in Greenwich Township, Cumberland County, commonly known as the 1 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#152.543(M)

EEP04022 Bayside Tract.

Among the lands along the New Jersey bayshore on the Delaware Estuary identified by PSEG as suitable areas for wetland restoration and enhancement were muskrat and/or agricultural impoundments and wetlands dominated by common reed (Phragmites australis).

In addition, in areas where tidal inundation was restricted, these areas provided ideal breeding grounds for the salt marsh mosquito (Aedes solicitans).

To reverse this condition, PSEG proposed to restore tidal inundation tothe impoundments through the construction of new inlets and channels and to control the Phragmites through the implementation of a spray and burn programand, if necessary, implement hydromodifications.

With the implementation of these restoration measures, these areas will again: 1) contribute to the enhancement of the marsh/estuary food web through detrital production; and 2) provide refuge, feeding habitat, and nursery grounds for various estuarine animals.The NJDEP recognized the values to be gained in restoring tidal inundation into these impoundments and in the control of Phragmites, and thereby included requirements specific to these areas in the Special Conditions of the 1994 NJPDES Permit, as highlighted below: Part IV-B/C H.3. (a) The Permittee shall undertake a wetlands restoration and enhancement program within the region of the Delaware Estuary...(i) restore an aggregate of no less than 8, 000 acres of (1) diked wetlands (including salt hay farms, muskrat impoundments and/or agricultural impoundments) to normal daily tidal inundation so as to become functional salt marsh; and/or (2) wetlands dominated by common reed (Phragmites australis) to primarily Spartina species with other naturally occurring marsh grasses (e.g. Distichlis sicata Juncus spp.)... The Permittee shall secure access to or control of such lands such that said lands will have title ownership or deed restriction as may be necessary to assure the continued protection of said lands from development;(ii) restore an additional 2, 000 acres of wetlands... and/or preserve in a state that precludes development through appropriate title ownership or Conservation Restriction of no less than 6, 000 acres of uplands adjacent to Delaware Estuary tidal wetlands ("Upland Buffer")I..(iii) the acreage restored, enhanced and/or preserved...will aggregate no less than 10,000 acres; provided, however, the Permittee only will be credited one acre toward the 10,000 acre aggregate for every three acres of Upland Buffer acquired or restricted...(iv) all lands restored, enhanced, or preserved.. .shall be subject to Conservation Restriction.

2 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Part IV-B/C H.3. (c) The Conservation Restriction imposed...shall name the Department as a Grantee of the Conservation Restriction.

The Conservation Restriction shall be in the form of Attachment A to this Permit and shall be recorded by the Permittee.

Attachment A provides for the submission of schedules which will be site-specific...

The Permittee shall regularly inspect the Property and take appropriate action to prevent or correct a violation of the Conservation Restriction notwithstanding that such violation was by a person other than Permittee.

Part IV-B/C H.3.(e) For muskrat or agricultural impoundment lands and/or wetlands dominated by common reed.., the Permittee shall: (i) not later than EDP [Effective Date of Permit] + eighteen (18) months, select and secure access and/or control of said lands;(ii) not later than EDP + eighteen (18) months, design and file with the Department for approval a Management Plan(s). The Management Plan(s) shall include, but not be limited to: for wetlands dominated by common reed, techniques for application of herbicides and/or burning to remove dead common reed, techniques by which the Permittee shall breach dikes and construct and maintain upland dikes, and implement steps to protect all roadways, property and improvements thereon located on or adjacent to said lands from damage due to flooding at both normal and high tides, and an anticipated schedule for natural revegetation; and for muskrat or agricultural impoundments, techniques for restoration of tidal flow, techniques by which the Permittee shaft breach dikes and construct and maintain upland dikes, and implement steps to protect all roadways, property and improvements thereon located on or adjacent to said lands from damage due to flooding at both normal and high tides, and an anticipated schedule for natural revegetation; and (iii) not later than sixty (60) days after receipt of the Department's approval of the Management Plan(s), implement the Management Plan(s) as approved by the Department.

The Management Plan(s) is automatically incorporated as a condition of this permit upon final approval by the Department.

Part IV-B/C H.3.(f) For lands described in 3.(a)(ii) above, the Permittee shall: (i) not later than EDP + eighteen (18) months, select and secure access and/or control of said lands;(ii) not later than EDP + eighteen (18) months, design and file with the Department for approval a Management Plan(s) for such lands; and (iii) not later than sixty (60) days after receipt of the Department's approval of the Management Plan(s), implement the Management Plan(s) as approved by the Department.

The Management Plan(s) is automatically incorporated as a condition of this permit upon final approval by the Department.

Part IV-B/C H. 3. (h) No later than EDP + sixty (60) months, complete implementation of the Management Plans... However, the Permittee must continue to implement the Management Plan(s) with respect to maintenance during any period of time the permit is extended pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:14A-2.3.

3 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022 0.Part IV-B/C H. 3. (i) The Permittee shall be deemed to have complied with the requirements of Special Condition H.3. upon completion of the Department-approved Management Plans.Part IV-B/C H. 3. () Not later than EDP + sixty (60) days, the Permittee shall establish a Management Plan Advisory Committee (MPAC)...The MPAC will serve as a body to provide technical advice to the Permittee concerning the development and implementation of the Management Plans identified in this Section 3.Management Plans must be submitted to the MPA C for technical advice prior to submission to the Department for approval.

Contemporaneous with the submission of a Management Plan to the Department, the Permittee shall provide copies of said Plan to the County Library in the affected County. The Permittee shall cause to be published in a daily or weekly newspaper circulated in the affected County a public notice advising of the time and place that the Management Plan is available for review.The MPAC shall be chaired by the Permittee's representative. The MPAC shall conduct business when, as, and how the MPAC so decides.As stated above, the Special Conditions in the 1994 NJPDES Permit required PSEG to impose Conservation Restrictions and prepare Management Plans outlining PSEG's plans for the restoration and/or management of these lands. The Management Plans were submitted to the NJDEP for approval, after review by the Management Plan Advisory Committee (MPAC).In August 2001, the NJDEP issued a Renewal Permit. The requirements specific to wetland restoration and enhancement efforts in the Special Conditions of the 2001 NJPDES Permit, are highlighted below:

Part IV-G.3(a)

The Permittee shall continue to implement the Estuary Enhancement Program in restoring, enhancing and/or preserving wetlands within the region of the Delaware Estuary (primarily within New Jersey; not more than 20% of the acres restored or enhanced underthe program to be located within Delaware and/or Pennsylvania) as follows;(i) restore an aggregate of no less than 10,000 acres of (1) diked wetlands (including salt hay farms, muskrat impoundments and/or agricultural impoundments) to normal daily tidal inundation so as to become functional salt marsh; and/or (2) wetlands dominated by common reed (Phragmites australis) to primarily Spartina species with other naturally occurring marsh grasses (e.g. Distichilis spicata, Juncus spp.); and/or (3) upland buffer. The Permittee shall secure access to or control of such lands so as to have title ownership or deed restriction as may be necessary to assure the continued protection of said lands from development;(ii) An Upland Buffer shall mean an area of land adjacent to wetlands or open water which minimizes adverse impacts on the wetlands and serves as an integralcomponent of the wetland ecosystem;(iii) The acreage restored, enhanced and/orpreserved pursuant to i. and ii. above shall comprise an aggregate of no less than 10,000 acres; provided, however, the Permittee only will be credited one acre toward the 10,000 acre aggregate for every three acres of Upland Buffer acquired or restricted pursuant to G.3.a.il above.Part IV-G. 3(d) The Permittee shall establish an Estuary Enhancement Advisory Committee (EEPAC) to serve as a body to provide technical advice to the Permittee concerning any 4 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 continuing implementation of the existing Management Plans as well as the development and implementation of any future Management Plans for replacement acreage that may be needed. The EEPAC shall also provide technical advice concerning the design, implementation, modifications and interpretation of the Biological Monitoring Program (as described later under item G. 6). Any future Management Plan(s) as well as any changes to the Biological Monitoring Program must be submitted to the EEPA C for technical advice prior to submission to the Department for approval.

All materials presented at any EEPAC meetings shall be distributed to EEPAC members at least one week in advance of any meeting.As stated above, the special conditions of the August 2001 NJPDES Permit requires establishing the Estuary Enhancement Program Advisory Committee (EEPAC). The EEPAC is primarily comprised of the former MPAC and the Monitoring Advisory Committee (MAC).The Management Plans may be amended as is necessary during the term of the NJPDES Permit. Amendments to the Management Plans will be submitted to the EEPAC for review and comment and will be submitted to the NJDEP for review and approval.

Amendments to the Management Plans adopted pursuant to these procedures will not constitute major modifications to the NJPDES Permit unless the NJDEP determines that its approval of the amendment would be deemed to be a major modification of the Management Plans initially approved.

If the Management Plans, as approved by the NJDEP, contemplate discretion with respect to frequency of a given activity, then notice of PSEG's intention to modify the frequency, consistent with the discretion allowed in the Management Plans will not be subject to review by the EEPAC, unless specifically required by the NJDEP upon receipt of the notice.II. ESTUARY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM GOALS PSEG's overall goals in implementing the Special Conditions of the NJPDES Permit have been established under the Estuary Enhancement Program (EEP) and include the following objectives for the protection and enhancement of the Delaware Estuary: 0 Increase aquatic production by restoring degraded coastal wetlands;* Protect aquatic habitat by preserving wetlands and adjacent upland areas from development; and* Provide public access in manner that is consistent with the goals listed above.5 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 II1. ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION MANAGEMENT PLAN OVERVIEW The Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan provides a description of the pre-restoration natural and cultural resources, the restoration design, and management provisions for the Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-dominated Site (,Alloway Creek Site" or the "Site").This plan is being implemented consistent with the Special Conditions of the 1994.and 2001 NJPDES Permits and in concert with PSEG's EEP goals. The Alloway Creek Site contributes to the overall EEP goals through the preservation, restoration, and/or enhancement of approximately 3,096 acres of wetland and adjacent upland buffer.A description of the Alloway Creek Site is presented in Section IV. While presented in summary form in this Management Plan, these descriptions are supported by site investigations conducted by PSEG from 1994 through 2001, as well as by other published data.Restoration design and management provisions for the Alloway Creek Site are presented in Section V. These include provisions related to both the implementation of wetland restoration design and to the requirements for operation and maintenance. The anticipated beneficial effects of restoration are also discussed.

IV. ALLOWAY CREEK SITE DESCRIPTION A. Site The Alloway Creek Site (Figure 1) is located in Elsinboro and Lower Alloways CreekTownships in Salem County, New Jersey. The Alloway Creek Site encompasses approximately 3,096 acres 1.The Site was identified by PSEG as suitable for wetland restoration through the control of Phragmites and the natural reestablishment of Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation.

The percent coverage of Phragmites at the Site increased from approximately 37 percent to 62 percent from 1972 to 1992, as identified from aerial photographs and NJDEP Tidelands Maps.The purpose of removing Phragmites, an undesirable plant species, is to enhance the habitat value for aquatic species and to increase aquatic production.

Detailed natural and cultural resource information is provided in subsequent sections.1 Acreage is noted for the purpose of site characterization; for precise acreage refer to Deeds of Conservation Restriction submittals made pursuant to the NJPDES Permit.6 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 B. Geology and Soils Geology The Alloway Creek Site is located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province (New Jersey Coastal Plain). The New Jersey Coastal Plain is a seaward dipping wedge (thickening southeastward) of unconsolidated and semi-consolidated sediments of Quaternary, Tertiary, and Cretaceous age. This wedge is 4,000 to 6,000 feet thick and underlain by crystalline rock of older Paleozoic or Precambrian age (Gill, 1962). The New Jersey Coastal Plain deposits consist of inter-layered beds of clay, silt, sand, and gravel.Recent (Holocene) deposits in the study area vicinity consist of either organic silt and clay deposits of tidal marsh and stream origin or alluvial stream deposits of sand, silt and gravel (especially along the Delaware River). In Salem County, the Holocene deposits are underlain by the Pleistocene Cape May, Pennsauken and Bridgeton Formations (undifferentiated), which consist of sand, gravel and clay and have similar hydrogeologic characteristics.

The Quaternary deposits are unconformably underlain by the Miocene Kirkwood Formation.

The Kirkwood Formation in Salem County generally consists of thick beds of dark-colored clays, some silt, and layers of fine-grained micaceous quartz sand -- often containing shells (Rosenau et al., 1969). The Kirkwood Formation outcrops in the southern portion of the Alloway Creek study area.Underlying the Kirkwood Formation are four units of similar lithology that make up the Rancocas Series. From youngest to oldest they are the Piney Point Formation (Eocene), the Vincentown Formation (Paleocene), the Hornerstown Sand (Paleocene) and the Navesink Formation (Upper Cretaceous).

These units consist of glauconitic sand, silt and clay with the proportion of sand increasing upwards in the sequence (Rooney, 1971). Zapecza (1989) shows the Piney Point pinching out before it reaches the Alloway Creek study area. The Vincentown Formation crops out throughout much of the study area, except in the northwestern portion of the Mill Creek Area near Fort Elfsborg (Zapecza, 1989). In the study area, the Vincentown Formation has an estimated maximum thickness of 60 feet. The Hornerstown and Navesink consist of sandy clay and outcrop in the northwestern portion of the study area. They have an estimated total maximum thickness of 50 feet.Underlying the Rancocas Series, the Wenonah Formation and the Mount Laurel Sand consist of fine to coarse-grained sand that is occasionally lignitic, glauconitic or fossilliferous, often with a distinctive Asalt and pepper@ appearance (Mount Laurel Sand) and occasional layers of iron-cemented sand (Wenonah Formation) (Rosenau et al., 1969). In the Alloway Creek study area, the Wenonah-Mount Laurel is found at depths of approximately 50 feet below ground surface (bgs) near Fort Elfsborg to 150 feet bgs, near Hancock's Bridge, and has an estimated total thickness of 150 feet (Zapecza, 1989).7 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Soils Information presented in the Soil Survey of Salem County, New Jersey (U.S.Department of Agricultural, 1969) showed the vast majority of the Alloway Creek Site mapped as Tidal Marsh soil. This soil is described as very poorly drained silty or mucky tidal flats that are subject to tidal inundation.

The soil material is soft and brownish and ranges from one to 30 feet in thickness.

Underlying the soft material in most places are layers of highly organic or sandy, gravelly soils, and in a few places, clay.Soils mapped on upland areas adjacent to tidal marsh areas included Matapeake silt loam and Mattapex silt loam. These soils are described by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as being well- to moderately well-drained with brown or dark brown friable silt loam surface layer and yellowish-brown, mottled silt loam and sandy loam subsoil between 20 to 32 inches deep. The substratum is described as stratified layers of loose sand, gravel and sandy loam.C. Surface and Groundwater Hydrology Surface Water Hydrology The surface water hydrology at the Alloway Creek Site is influenced by daily tidal fluctuations of the water surface elevations in the Delaware River, Alloways Creek, Mill Creek, Black Ditch, Straight Ditch, and their associated tributaries.The ground surface elevations over much of the site range between one and three feet NAVD. .Historical tide data from National Ocean Service (NOS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) tide gauges were reviewed along with tide data collected during 1996 and 1997. Using the above, the restoration design for the Alloway Creek Site is based on the following tide data for the western portion of the restoration site: mean tide level 2 (MTL) is -0.10 feet NAVD, mean high water (MHW) is 2.62 feet NAVD, mean higher high water (MHHW) is 2.95 feet NAVD, mean low water (MLVV) is -2.82 feet NAVD, and mean lower low water (MLLW) is'-3.01 feet NAVD. Similarly, the tidal elevations in Alloways Creek near Hancocks Bridge are as follows: MTL is -0.05 feet NAVD, MHW is 2.22 feet NAVD, MHHW is 2.55 NAVD, MLW is -2.32 feet NAVD, and MLLW is -2.51 feet NAVD and these tidal elevations were considered for the restoration design in the eastern portion of the Site. Figures 2.1 and 2.2 graphically depict the tidal ranges for the Delaware River and Alloways Creek, respectively.

2 This datum has a zero point that is common to all locations; however, because this zero point is derived from a mean value, the actual mean tide level elevation at any given location may be higher or lower-than the zero point of the NAVD datum.8 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Inundation of the Alloway Creek Site is caused by daily tidal fluctuations and storm surges in the Delaware River. Predicted water surface elevations associated with storm surges in the Delaware River for New Castle, Delaware .(approximately 11 miles upstream from the mouth of Alloways Creek on the Delaware River), as referenced in the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) 1982 Flood Insurance Study for the Township of Elsinboro, are as follows: Storm Frequency (Years)Water Surface Elevation (feet, NAVD 3)2 5.13 10 6.23 50 7.43 100 8.13 500 12.63 Figure 3 presents FEMA's predicted limits of flooding for the 100-year and 500-year storm frequency events at each of the Areas within the Alloway Creek Site. The following sub-sections discuss the physical features affecting surface water flow and field observations of the surface water flow at each of the Areas.The majority of the restoration site has a well-defined channel network that is characterized by a few, large central channels and a network of smaller tributaries.

The large central channels and tributaries convey water at both high and low tides.However, many of the smaller tributaries tend to drain at daily lower low tide levels.The eastern portion of the restoration area receives water from the Delaware River via Alloways Creek. Tide measurements in this area indicate a slight lag and attenuation when compared with the tides in the Delaware River. The difference inwater surface elevations between the Delaware River and the interior portion of this eastern portion is approximately 0.2 to 0.4 feet, during high tides.The western portion of the restoration area receives water from the Delaware River via Alloways Creek, Black Ditch, Straight Ditch, and Mill Creek. Tide measurements in this area showed almost no lag or attenuation when compared to the Delaware River tides. Field observations showed that Black Ditch closes off at its mouth during low tides; however, the hydraulic connection to the Delaware River remains open through Alloways Creek. Therefore, very little attenuation of the tidal signal was found in this area, and the surface water elevations are comparable to the Delaware River.Groundwater Hydrology 3 The FEMA data was given in NGVD from the FEMA FIS brown book reports of the region. These data were then converted to NAVD88 using the National Geodetic Survey software program Verticon 2.0.9 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 The major aquifers being used as potable water supplies in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site are the Kirkwood, the Vincentown and the Wenonah-Mount Laurel. In Salem County, the Kirkwood dips southeastward at approximately 18 feet per mile. It is recharged by precipitation in its outcrop area and in areas where it is overlain by the Cohansey Sand orby permeable Holocene deposits (Rosenau et al., 1969). In the vicinity of the study area, the Kirkwood outcrops near Alloways Creek.It is approximately 30 to 45 feet thick and yields an average of 50 gallons perminute (gpm) (Rosenau et al., 1969). The Vincentown aquifer is approximately 60 feet thick in the vicinity of the study area. The majority of wells'in the area appear to be screened in the Vincentown.The Wenonah-Mount Laurel aquifer is used by wells screened deeper than approximately 90 feet deep. This aquifer can produce yields of up to 500 gpm (Rosenau et al., 1969).Well depths in the vicinity, of the study area range from 12 to 220 feet deep, with the majority installed between 20 and 60 feet deep. The wells are concentrated north of the Mill Creek Area and are used for residential water supply. There are no major pumping centers in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site.In some areas in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site, groundwater quality has been compromised by saltwater intrusion., A groundwater testing program conducted by PSEG during the fall of 1995 to evaluate existing groundwater conditions in the area, found chloride levels -in many wells exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency=s (EPA) secondary maximum contaminant guideline level (MCL) of 250 milligrams per liter (mg/I). Chloride levels ranged from 2 to 1140 mg/l. Most of the wells which were compromised were 30 feet deep or less. However, three deeper wells, with depths that were estimated by the residents to range from 70 to 90 feet, also had chloride levels ranging from 694 mg/I to 1070 mg/l. Interviews with residents indicated problems with hard water, and iron and copper staining.

The presence of iron did not seem to correlate with the depth of the wells. Copper problems, however, were indicated for wells between 21 and 35 feet deep.10 AWloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022 D. Vegetative Cover Six vegetative/cover type communities were identified at the Alloway Creek Site prior to initial restoration activities (Figure 4), with various degrees of intergradation between them. In addition to the vegetated communities, agricultural land, mud flats, developed land and open water areas were also identified.

The following is a general description of each community prior to initial restoration activities.

Upland Vegetation

/ Miscellaneous Cover Categories This cover type community includes old fields, deciduous forest, dikes and roads present within the Site. Prior to initial restoration activities, this community comprised approximately 235 acres.Spartina spp. / Other desirable Marsh Vegetation Community Spartina altemiflora (smooth cordgrass community) was found throughout the Alloway Creek Site. Occurring along with smooth cordgrass, particularly along the edges of channels, other desirable marsh species occurring in this community were big cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides) and salt marsh bulrush (Scirpus robustus).

This community type comprised approximately 415 acres.Phragmites-Dominated Community The Phragmites-dominated (common reed) vegetation community was the predominant vegetation type present at the Alloway Creek Site. This community type was found in large monotypic stands scattered throughout the restoration area.The Phragmites community, as measured from aerial photographs occurred over approximately 2,085 acres.Non-vegetated Marsh Plain Approximately 145 acres of non-vegetated marsh plain was identified at low tide.The only significant area of non-vegetated marsh plain occurred within the portion known as Abbots Meadow within the eastern portion of the site. Other areas of non-vegetated marsh plain occur along the edges of many of the creeks and drainage ditches at the Alloway Creek Site.Internal Water Areas Internal Water Areas include the creeks, drainage ditches and ponded water that were present throughout the Alloway Creek Site. The internal water areas typically do not support any significant vegetation and comprised about 215 acres.11 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022

• Open WaterAreas mapped as Open Water represent small portions of major water bodies within the site. Open Water comprise approximately 5 acres.E. Wildlife Reptiles and Amphibians Several northern diamondback terrapins (Malaclemys terrapin) and one snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) were collected as incidental catches during the fall 1995 aquatic sampling at the Alloway Creek Site. The only other evidence of reptiles found at the Alloway Creek Site was two black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta) that were found in upland portions of the restoration areas.The only amphibians observed at the Alloway Creek Site were tadpoles (Rana spp.)that were present within freshwater ponds located adjacent to the central portion of the restoration area.Birds The tidal marshes of the Delaware Estuary are well known as habitat for resident and migrant birds, which use these areas for breeding, feeding, and resting. The use of the shoreline areas by aggregations of migrating shorebirds in the spring is well known. However, migrating shorebirds also use the beaches, mud flats, tidal creeks and marshes during their fall migrations.

Wintering waterfowl and raptors also use the marshes and surrounding habitat.The Alloway Creek Site was noted to provide habitat for breeding resident songbirds such as the marsh wren (Cistothorus palustris) and red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), and migrant songbirds such as the palm warbler (Dendroica palmarum) and swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana).

The shallow open water areas and mud flats (low tide) that occur along the upper extent of tidal channels typically were used by species such as the snowy egret (Egretta thula), great egret (Casmerodius albus), black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), great blue heron (Ardea herodias), greater yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca), and American black duck (Anas rubripes).

Other common species using this region of the Delaware Estuary included the double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), common tern (Sterna hirundo), Forster=s tern (Sterna forsten), and ring-billed gull (Larus delawarensis).

Raptor sightings in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site included the bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), northern harrier (Circus cyaneus), red-tailed hawk (Buteojamaicensis), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) and American kestrel (Falco sparverius).

12 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 The upland areas that adjoin the tidal marshes of the Alloway Creek Site were noted to provide a wide variety of habitats for resident and migrant songbirds.

Resident species included the downy woodpecker (Picoidespubescens), blue jay (Cyanocitta cristata), and song sparrow (Melospiza melodia).

Common migrants included the yellow-rumped warbler (Dendroica coronata) and ruby-crowned kinglet (Regulus calendula).

Mammals The number of mammal species occurring on the Alloway Creek Site was limited by the relatively low diversity of terrestrial habitats present. Foraging evidence, scat or tracks of raccoon (Procyon lotor), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), eastern cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus), and opossum (Didelphis virginiana) were present throughout the restoration area.Those mammals observed on the Site were eastern cottontail rabbit, muskrat and white-tailed deer.The most abundant group of mammals present was small mammals, represented by several species that occurred in open herbaceous habitats or various ecotones.Based on the results of the field collection, the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) was a common species, primarily found along edges of different vegetative communities (e.g., fields, scrub-shrub).

The house mouse (Mus musculus), meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), and masked shrew (Sorex cinereus) also were noted.F. Aquatic Fauna Based upon field and literature documentation, use of the Alloway Creek Site byaquatic fauna varied throughout the year in response to seasonal activity changes and migratory movements.

The following description of the Site use was based on aquatic inventory field studies conducted by PSEG during fall 1995. These field studies were implemented by PSEG to provide an initial evaluation of the use of the wetland restoration area by aquatic fauna.Zooplankton Copepods, rotifers and barnacle larvae made up the majority of zooplankton collected at the Alloway Creek Site. The most abundant zooplankter were nauplii copepods.

Many of the adult copepods were represented by Acartia tonsa, a very common estuarine species. The types of zooplankton collected are common in estuarine habitats.Fish and Macroinvertebrates 13 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 The species of fish and macroinvertebrates collected at the Alloway Creek Site were common inhabitants of- the Delaware Estuary and its tributaries.

The macroinvertebrates found at the Alloway Creek Site included both mobile epibenthic (i.e., residing on and above the bottom sediment) and infaunal benthic (residing within bottom sediment) types. Three species of epibenthic invertebrates were collected at the Alloway Creek Site. The most abundant invertebrate species was the blue crab(Callinectes sapidus).

The grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sp.) and sand shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa) were also collected.

The most abundant group of infaunal benthic macroinvertebrates found in sediments at the Alloway Creek Sitewere oligochaete worms; which composed approximately 85 percent of all organisms collected during the fall 1995 sampling effort. The polychaete worms Laenereis culveri and Polydora sp. were the second and third most abundant organisms recovered.

In addition to annelids, isopods, amphipods, decapods (crabs, shrimp), molluscs were also recovered in the benthic samples. The species that made up the benthic community at the Alloway Creek Site are common inhabitants of the Delaware Estuary, and are typical of the soft-bottomed environment found in the drainage channels.Silversides (Menidia spp.) were the most abundant species of fish captured at the Alloway Creek Site during the fall of 1995, with the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) as the second most abundant species. The white perch (Morone americana), Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), and striped bass (Morone saxatilis) were also common in the collections.

Eleven other species of fish were also collected at the Alloway Creek Site.G. Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species/Significant Natural Communities The potential for occurrence of rare, threatened and endangered species and significant natural communities at the Alloway Creek Site was an important consideration in the assessment of the Site=s habitat values. NJDEP listed endangered species in the Division of Fish and Wildlife regulations at N.J.A.C. 7:25 -4.13, and defined the status of all indigenous wildlife species in New Jersey at N.J.A.C. 7:25 -4.17. included in the latter list were indigenous species that were considered to be endangered, threatened or declining.

The list of species and their status in New Jersey was adopted May 6, 1991, and was published in the New Jersey Register on June 3, 1991. This list included species considered to be threatened or endangered by the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service (F&WS) under the federal Endangered Species Act.The information used to describe threatened and endangered species and significant habitats was supplied, in part, by the NJDEP Division of Parks and Forestry, Office of Natural Lands Management, Natural Heritage Program (NHP);.and the F&WS. The NHP data consisted of both observation records and lists of 14 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 species potentially occurring on the Alloway Creek Site. The observation records indicated that the osprey (Pandion haliaetus), listed as threatened by the NJDEP, was sighted on the eastern edgeof Money Island, approximately 1,300 feet south of Black Ditch in 1987. The NHP database also contained three observation records from the area within two miles of the Alloway Creek Site. The records included sightings of two bald eagles, listed as endangered by the NJDEP, and an additional osprey. One osprey and one bald eagle were also observed at the Alloway Creek Site during the autumn 1995 field surveys conducted by PSEG. Osprey had historically nested on transmission towers that traversed the Site. The F&WS indicated that the bald eagle was a federally-listed threatened species 4 that was not known to nest in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site. The osprey was not listed by the F&WS.The F&WS also had records that the rare skipper butterfly (Problema bulenta) and the diamondback terrapin occurred within the Alloway Creek Site. Both were considered to be "species of special concern" by the F&WS, and were thus under consideration for possible inclusion on the federal list of "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants". As noted previously, the diamondback terrapin was also observed on the Alloway Creek Site during field studies conducted during the fall of 1995.Other species observed by PSEG at the Alloway Creek Site that were listed by the NJDEP as threatened or endangered included the great blue heron, red shouldered hawk, northern harrier, and the savannah sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis).

In addition to the observation records of rare species and natural communities on or adjacent to the Alloway Creek Site, the NHP provided a general listing of rare species and natural communities that have been documented in Salem County.Many of the species on this list had no state or federal legal status, but were considered rare or uncommon in New Jersey. A listing of those species that were designated by the NJDEP as either threatened or endangered and that had a potential to occur on the restoration sites is provided in Table 1. Species in this listing that are additional to those discussed previously in this section are the grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), sedge wren (Cistothorus platensis), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), pied-billed grebe (Podilymbus podiceps), and vesper sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus).

The NHP also identified Apriority sites@ for natural diversity in New Jersey. Priority sites represent the State's best habitats for rare and endangered species and natural communities.

There were no priority sites located within or adjacent to the boundaries of the Alloway Creek Site. The closest priority site, the Mannington 4 A Final Rule reclassifying the status of the bald eagle from endangered to threatened was published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Federal. Register on July 12, 1995. The effective date of this reclassification is August 11, 1995.15 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Fi~e#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Meadow Macrosite, is located approximately four miles northeast of the Alloway Creek Site. The Mannington Meadow Macrosite includes brackish marshes and some forested edge that provides resting and feeding habitat for wintering bald eagles, and it includes a bald eagle nest site by Mannington Creek.16 0 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022' Table 1Potentially Occurring Threatened and Endangered Species Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site Common Name Scientific Name State Status:.Federal Status Birds Bald eagle(a'b)

Northern harrier(b)

Osprey (b)Red shouldered hawk(b)Peregrine falcon Great blue heron(b)Grasshopper sparrow Savannah sparrow(b)

Vesper sparrow Sedge wren Pied-billed grebe Haliaeetus leucocephalus Circus cyaneus Pandion haliaetus Buteo lineatus Falco peregrinus Ardea herodias Ammodramus savannarum Passerculus sandwichensis Pooecetes gramineus Cistothorus platensis Podilymbus podiceps E E/U TIT EiT LE/LT(a)E LE/SA T/S T/T TIT E E,I E/S Notes: (a) Federal Status as listed in the NHP database.

A Final Rule reclassifying the status of the bald eagle from endangered to threatened was published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Federal Register on July 12, 1995. The effective date of this reclassification is August 11, 1995.(b) Species observed within the Alloway Creek Site Explanation of state status codes:

E= Endangered:

immediate danger of extirpation from area of jurisdiction T= Threatened:

may become endangered if conditions deteriorate S= Stable species U= Undetermined Status for species separated by a slash (/) indicate dual status. First status refers to the state breeding population, and the second status refers to the migratory or winter population.

Explanation of federal status codes: LE= Taxa formally listed as endangered LT= Taxa formally listed as threatened LE/SA= Listed Endangered/Similarity of Appearance 17 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#152.543(M)

EEP04022 H. Cultural and Historic Resources Because of the close proximity of both the Alloways Creek and the Delaware River, some areas of the Alloway Creek Site have a history of habitation that dates to prehistoric times. Overviews of archaeological investigations in the mid-Atlantic region and particularly in the Delaware Bay region concluded that prehistoric archaeological sites tended to be located on slightly higher ground along waterways and in areas overlooking tidal marsh environments where fresh water would have also been accessible.

Paleographic studies have indicated that the Alloway Creek Site would have been above sea level during most of the last 11,000 years and that coastlines have receded over that period. As a result, many of the region's earliest coastal prehistoric sites were now thought to be offshore and deeply buried under sediments.

However, results of previous investigations in the Delaware Bay region indicated that prehistoric sites dating from the Late Archaic through European Contact may have been present on the Site.The following provides a summary of the known archaeological and historical resources that occur on and near the Alloway Creek Site.Archaeological Resources Relatively few systematic archaeological surveys have been conducted in Salem County. The bulk of information about archaeological resources in the area comesfrom two early 20th century studies of New Jersey (Skinner and Schrabisch, 1913;Cross, 1941). A review of the recorded archaeological sites indicated that one site was recorded within the Alloway Creek Site and that three sites were in close proximity to the Site.The recorded archaeological site located on the Alloway Creek Site occurred in an upland area around an extant home site dating to the mid to late 19th century.Artifacts recovered from the area included jasper, quartz and quartzite flakes, and two large Achoppers@

made of local pebble quartzite.

Diagnostic artifacts included a ground celt, made of fine schist and exhibiting heavy use-wear, and a Cohansey quartzite projectile point tip. Scattered finds were also identified on maps on file at the New Jersey State Museum. Three such finds were located within the limits of the Alloway Creek Site. The notations indicated widely scattered prehistoric artifacts of unknown cultural affiliation.

The potential for the occurrence of archaeological resources also has been identified at several additional locations on the Alloway Creek Site. These areas may be situated on upland areas adjacent to wetlands, on isolated areas of slightly higher ground surrounded by wetlands or along the banks near the mouths of primary waterways.

Historical Resources 18 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 A cultural resources survey of Salem County was completed in 1984 to record the buildings and monuments that represent the historical development of the county.The survey concluded that Athe built environment of Salem County reflects the Anglo-American agrarian heritage of its early inhabitants and the industrialization and agricultural expansion of the nineteenth and early 20th centuries (Thomson and-Dickey, 1984). Based on this survey and other data sources, PSEG compiled an inventory of historic resources in the region of the Alloway Creek Site as part of a Phase 1A Cultural Resources Survey.In order to address the NJDEP -Historic Preservation Office's comments to the Phase 1A Cultural Resources Survey, a Phase 1 B Cultural Resource Investigation report was compiled.

This Phase 1B evaluated the significance of all structures located on the project site and around its perimeter of potential effect as well as the potential rural historic landscapes, as defined by Nation Register Bulletin 30, Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Rural Historic Landscapes.

The conclusion of the Phase 1 B determined that there is a potential rural historic district, designated the Elsinboro/Lower Alloways Creek Historic District and that at least 22structures are individually eligible for.

listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Based on PSEG's proposed activities at the Alloway Creek Site, the affect on the viewshed will not be an adverse one.Agriculture was the predominant industry in Elsinboro and Lower Alloways Creek Townships, and salt hay farming was practiced in the late 17th and 18th centuries.

Harvested salt hay was carried on flat boats or scows up the rivers into the interior 0 and was baled and'shipped to cities and resorts along the shore (Weiss and Weiss, 1965).As salt hay farming expanded, additional measures were needed to help build and maintain the salt hay farming industry.

In 1778, the Legislature of New Jersey passed a law authorizing the formation of meadow bank companies to bank and drain the meadows and swamp lands (Cushing and Sheppard, 1883). Such meadow bank companies operated within the marsh areas that compose much of the Alloway Creek Site.Because the importance of the area dated to the late 17th century, the historical resources in the vicinity of the Alloway Creek Site are numerous.

One of the country's largest and best concentrations of 18th century pattern brick housesoccurs nearby.

Various structures on uplands immediately adjacent to the Alloway Creek Site may have historic significance.It is also believed that a gristmill was constructed by Joseph and David Morris on Mill Creek and was operated for 15 to 20 years during the third quarter of the 18th century. Dikes were identified on an 1889 map of the Site, and some of theseremain. Investigations by historical consultants indicated that the dikes do not retain 19 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 sufficient integrity to be considered eligible for listing on the State and/or National Register.V. ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT PROVISIONS Wetland Restoration Provisions Prior to the initial application of Rodeo with a surfactant and prescribed burning at the Alloway Creek Site, PSEG collected data on the surface and groundwater hydrology of the Alloway Creek Site, including data such as tidal elevations, tidal ranges, drainage channel cross-sections, and drainage channel density. However, the presence of dense stands of Phragmites prevented the collection of data concerning drainage characteristics interior to the site and other' factors such as topography that may have been directly related to the dominance of Phragmites.

Based on the pre-restoration data, PSEG developed a conceptual design that consisted of the application of Rodeo or its equivalent with a surfactantfollowed by prescribed burning and then modification of existing channels and excavation of additional channels to re-establish a natural hydroperiod.

However, following the removal of dead standing Phragmites stalks by prescribed burning, the presence of smaller channels was identified.

Tidal data collected on the marsh plain in areas previously dominated by standing Phragmites indicated that no appreciable tidal restrictions existed at the Site and the Site experiences a natural hydroperiod.

Therefore, no additional channel excavation was necessary.

Additionally, evaluation of the marsh plain indicated the absence of rivulets and microtopography typically present in Spartina-dominated marshes, the absence of the sloping creek banks in several areas, and the presence of remnant dikes. Following Phragmites spraying and burning, the marsh plain has been made available for the re-establishment of Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation.

A. Pre-Restoration Land-use activities within the Alloway Creek Site, such as residential uses, hunting, trapping and fishing, were not affected during the pre-restoration time period.20 Alioway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 B. Wetland Restoration Design and Construction The occurrence and patterns of Phragmites distribution at the Alloway Creek Site have developed in response to natural and man-made disturbances.

Phragmites became established in artificially elevated areas created during ditch excavation and spoil disposal, in filled areas such as dikes and levees, and on natural upland edges adjacent to marshes. This establishment was likely facilitated by the previous agricultural use of these areas that involved the construction of dikes to control tidal flooding.

Once established on the remnants of these dikes and other disturbed areas associated with the previous use of these marshes, Phragmites has spread into adjacent areas and has out-competed desirable marsh vegetation over much of the marsh plain surface.Phragmites grows in dense stands and is characterized by a high rate of litter production.

Phragmites also has an influence on marsh plain hydrology through its ability to "fill in" the microtopographic relief of the marsh surface. Small streams or rivulets are filled, thereby flattening the marsh plain. This condition alters the soil properties and allows Phragmites to spread rapidly through rhizomes into lower elevations on the marsh surface.At the Alloway Creek Site, the above stated processes resulted in development of amarsh mosaic, with Spartina species areas occurring adjacent to,. and in many cases, encircled by Phragmites.

Observation of historical aerial photographs and maps indicated that, without intervention, Phraggmites would continue to spread into the lower elevations and replace desirable marsh vegetation.

The benefits of controlling Phragmites include: 1) inducing the re-establishment of smaller channels, 2) providing a suitable substrate for colonization by more desirable species, 3) improving the quality of fish habitat, 4) decreasing the availability of Phragmites seed and the potential for the spread of Phragmites by rhizomes in the immediate area, and 5) reduced shading of the developing desirable plant species.Overview of Selected Design The wetland restoration program for the Alloway Creek Site is a multi-phased approach that includes:

baseline field data collection, initial Phragmites control and prescribed burning, additional field data collection, continued Phragmites control and marsh plain modifications.

These phases are discussed below.Baseline Data Collection.

Biological, geomorphic, hydrologic and chemical data was collected prior to removal of the Phragmites to establish baseline characteristics, and to support the restoration design. These data provided detailed documentation of the initial conditions on the marsh plain as impacted by dense stands of Phragmites.

21 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Initial Phragmites Control and Prescribed Burning Application of Rodeo with a Surfactant.

Following the collection of baseline datain Phragmites-dominated areas, Phragmites control efforts were initiated.

The areas indicated as Phragmites in Figure 4 were treated with the herbicide Rodeo, which was manufactured by Monsanto.

Rodeo is a non-selective herbicide with the active ingredient glyphosate.

Glyphosate is the common name of N-(Phosphonomethy/)

glycine. Specifically, glyphosate is thought to interrupt a plant enzyme required for the production of several essential amino acids, interfering with protein synthesis and inhibiting the resprouting of aerial stems from the rhizome mat the following spring.To enhance the absorption of Rodeo, a surfactant that acts as a wetting agent was added to the Rodeo. The use of a surfactant aids in binding the Rodeo to the plant surface, and thus reduces the amount of Rodeo required to control the regrowth ofPhragmites.

The use of a nonionic surfactant for herbicide use is recommended by the manufacturer, as shown on the product label, for application with Rodeo. Two such surfactants include X-77 and LI-700.X-77 is an alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) nonionic surfactant.

X-77 belongs to the nonylphenol ethoxylated (NPEO) subgroup of the APE nonionic surfactants.

NPEO surfactants are common in detergents, agricultural chemicals, products used for fabric dyeing, water-based paints, and adhesives.

Biodegradation of NPEO is typically via microorganisms.

NPEO components of X-77 have been shown to decrease within days of application.

LI-700 is a lecithin-based surfactant that can be used as an alternative to X-77. It consists of a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and methylacetic acid. LI-700 has a lower base toxicity than X-77.The X-77 surfactant was used in the 1996 application of Rodeo and the surfactant LI-700 was used in 1997. LI-700 was used in the second treatment at the Alloway Creek Site in 1998 in areas that were treated for the first time in 1997.Rodeo was applied in accordance with the manufacturer-=s label and recommendations to the Phragmites-dominated areas, after the majority of the Phragmites plants had tasseled.

Summer or fall is the period when the plants actively translocate nutrients to their rhizome systems. Since Phragmites regenerates primarily through the spread of rhizomes and many stands have extensive rhizomes, systems are weakened or killed through the application of Rodeo with a surfactant.

It takes several weeks for the Phragmitesto die after the application of Rodeo with a surfactant.

The Rodeo with a surfactant was sprayed aerially by helicopter over the broad 22 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 stands of Phragmites in 1996 and 1997. The helicopter was equipped with a spray system to apply the Rodeo with a surfactant.

The Rodeo with a surfactant was manually applied (as opposed to aerially applied) to the buffer areas with varying widths, depending on adjacent vegetation and land use. Manual application of the Rodeo with a surfactant protects vegetation adjacent to the buffer from over-spray.

The designated buffer areas were sized in accordance with NJDEP-issued permits for this Site.Prescribed Burning. Following the initial application of Rodeo with a surfactant, dead Phragmites stalks were removed by a prescribed burn, wherever possible.Burning removes the shading effect of the stalks, reduces the litter layer, covers the soil with potash (natural fertilizer), and removes old stalks that can intercept the second application of Rodeo with a surfactant.

Once the marsh plain was exposed to light, seeds brought in by the tides or present in the marsh soil seed bank germinated and began to establish vegetative cover in areas of the Site.Prior to initiating the prescribed burn, PSEG, in conjunction with the NJDEP's Bureau of Forest Fire Management and the local fire department, developed a detailed burning plan and obtained all necessary permits. PSEG also provided public notification in accordance with the provisions described in Section F: Public Notification Process. The prescribed burn was conducted in the winter of 1997 and 1998, following the application of Rodeo with a surfactant the previous fall.The dead stands of Phragmites within the restoration area were separated into different burn units., The burn units were based on landscape features and burn schedules for individual units were based on wind direction, wind speed, tides, Phragmites moisture content, air temperature, and humidity.

The prescribed burn was conducted only under appropriate wind conditions.

Hand-held drip torches or fuel dropped from a specially designed drip torch attached to the helicopter by cable was used to start the fires.23 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 To protect woodlands, agricultural fields, residences and roads, firebreaks were installed where feasible.

Where possible, natural firebreaks were used, and tidal channels, expanses of inundated tidal marsh, roads, and diked or harvested agricultural fields served as natural firebreaks.

Firebreaks were constructed by manually cutting or flattening dead stalks of Phragmites.

The presence of PSEG's high voltage transmission lines which traverse the western portion of the restoration area, was considered when developing a program for Phragmites removal. The particulates and the smoke generated during a prescribed burning can cause short circuiting of these transmission lines. Therefore, the removal of dead stalks by prescribed burning was performed outside the minimum buffer zone surrounding the power lines, or when the power lines were out of service. When the lines were in service, the burning was conducted when wind conditions were such that smoke was carried away from the transmission lines.A field crew was onsite to assist in ignition and fire control. A helicopter was usedfor igniting and monitoring the fire, and a "water bucket" was available for fire control. Ground-based fire control equipment was available at the restoration sites.The leader of the field crew was experienced with prescribed burning techniques, and familiar with the Site and adjacent property conditions.

Additional Field Data Collection.

Following the removal of the Phragmites vegetative cover, additional data were collected to support the engineering design for continued Phragmites control and marsh plain modifications at the Alloway Creek Site. Additional data collected includes:

topographic and planimetric data, channel cross sections and velocities, tidal data, sediment characterization, vegetation data,and microtopography test plot data. The additional data collected and evaluated will also be used to support Phragmites control techniques as implemented through the Adaptive Management Process which is discussed below.Topographic and planimetric data were collected that indicated the presence of many smaller channels that had been obscured by the Phragmites stalks. The channel densities were similar between areas previously dominated by Phragmites and the areas of existing Spartina within the Site and within reference marshes..However, rivulets and microtopography, typically present in Spartina-dominated areas, were not present in areas that were previously Phragmites-dominated.

The topographic data collected also indicated the presence of numerous remnant dikes and piles of material that had been deposited on the marsh plain during previous channel or ditch excavation.

The data collected also indicated in several areas throughout the Site the absence of sloping creek banks in areas of the Site, that typically are.present in Spartina-dominated marshes.Additional tidal monitoring was conducted at the Site during 1997 and 1998, following the removal of Phragmites cover. The tidal data throughout the Alloway Creek Site indicated that no appreciable tidal restrictions exist at the Site. Based 24 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 upon this data, no additional channels are needed at the Alloway Creek Site to enhance tidal flow to.the marsh plain.Additional sediment sampling and analyses were also performed.

Sediment core samples from Phragmites-dominated areas and Spartina altemiflora-dominated areas were taken and analyzed for organic material content. Based upon the analyses and comparison, it is expected that the marsh plain elevation in previously Phragmites-dominated areas will subside approximately 0.3 feet following the decay of Phragmites rhizomes and breakdown of organic material.

For the basis of developing techniques for continued Phragmites control and to account for the anticipated marsh plain subsidence, the projected MHHW elevation on the marsh plain was determined by adding 0.3 feet to the existing MHHW elevation.PSEG conducted vegetation mapping of the Site from aerial photography during 1997. Following the initial application of Rodeo with a surfactant and prescribed burning, portions of the marsh plain remained predominantly unvegetated through the summer of 1997, although remnant live Phragmites stalks were present throughout the site. Field observations during the summer of 1998 indicated revegetation of the marsh plain by desirable marsh vegetation, however, Phragmites rhizomes have continued to sprout and/or spread.In consultation with the MPAC, a test plot program was developed to determine therelative efficacy of different techniques for long-term control of Phragmites.

This program was based upon observations of differences in vegetation, absolute elevation, marsh surface conditions (variable and textured at Spartina-dominated 0 areas versus uniformly flat at Phragmites-dominated areas), drainage patterns (channeled versus sheet flow), and soil chemistry between Spartina-dominated marshes and Phragmites-dominated marshes. The program included six test plots at the Site and three test plots at the Cohansey River Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site. This program was reviewed with, and approved by, both the NJDEP and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

As a part of the approval process, these agencies considered the potential for adverse effects associated with the program, including impacts on water quality, increased habitat for mosquitoes, and adverse effects on fauna associated with experiments regarding changes in soil chemistry.

Sediment cores (>30 cm) were extracted in each plot. Before any modifications were undertaken, the sediments were analyzed and compared to sediment at the Phragmites-dominated marshes with sediments from the EEP's Spartina-dominated marshes along the Delaware Bay. Sulfide concentrations in sediment of Spartina-dominated areas were many. times greater than those of Phragmites-dominated areas. Most of the Phragmites sediment had no detectable sulfide (the highest values were about 200uM)while Spartina areas had concentrations as high as 6000uM. During the program, treatments were done to increase sulfide 25 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 concentrations within the sediment by injecting low levels of sulfate into the marsh surface. The low-level additions did not result in a statistically measurable change in sediment sulfide concentration.

The test plots were designed to test various techniques for changing local conditions in a Phragmites-dominated marsh to approximate those found in Spartina-dominated areas. Techniques were intended to change the marsh surface textureand elevation, to break up the Phragmites root/rhizome mat, allow water to penetrate and saturate the sediment more readily, encourage growth of Spartina and encourage the formation of rivulets.

Field observations throughout the summer showed that this mechanical disruption did not increase erosion from the areas nor did it increase mosquito habitat as no mosquito larvae were found and Fundulus juveniles were abundant in the areas of the plots where water pooled. In the areas seeded with Spartina alterniflora, subsequent observations showed that the seedsgerminated and grew and were not damaged or inhibited by the scarification.

Seeding was necessary because the scarification was not begun until too late for natural seeding of Spartina altemiflora.

Continued Phragmites Control and Marsh Plain Modifications The conclusions drawn from the additional field data collection led to the development of several Phragmites control techniques.

These techniques were developed and implemented (Figure 5.1) to evaluate potential mechanical Phragmites control techniques.

Techniques implemented included changing marsh plain conditions to promote the recolonization of desirable marsh vegetation through remnant dike and spoil pile removal and microtopographic modifications.

In addition to the marsh plain modifications, other potential techniques to control Phragmites and encourage.

re-vegetation by desirable vegetation were implemented.

where required.

These techniques included:

mowing, mowing and seeding, seeding and planting on the marsh plain and designated upland edges, and the application of Rodeo or its equivalent with a surfactant.

26 AWloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#152.543(M)

EEP04022 Remnant Dike and Spoil Pile Removal. Because remnant dikes and spoil piles were at an elevation above MHHW, Phragmites regrowth at these features typically out-competes other species. The Phragmites regrowth would be a source for reinvasion into the adjacent marsh plain. Therefore, remnant dikes and spoil piles were removed and graded, following receipt of permits.Tidal velocities and cross sections were measured in creeks adjacent to the remnant dikes. Where creek velocities were less than two feet/second, the remnant dikes were graded to create shoals, or sloped creek banks, adjacent to the marsh plain.The shoals provide an increased intertidal zone with slopes similar to those observed in the reference marshes and at Abbotts Meadow within the Site. A typical cross-section is shown in Figure 5.2.Remnant dikes that were not graded to create shoals were used to create upland islands where appropriate.

Upland islands are an existing feature of the Alloway Creek Site and are typically vegetated with shrubs and a variety of hardwood trees.Creation of upland islands increases the habitat diversity of the Site. To reduce the potential for infestation by.Phragmites, the created upland islands were seeded and planted. Grasses, shrubs, and trees planted on the islands included:

bent grass (Agrostis stolonifera), wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera), eastern red cedar (Juniperas virginiana), red maple (Acer rubrum), and black cherry (Prunus serotina).

Spoil piles put on the marsh plain during previous ditching were locally graded.These piles were above MHHW and would have continued to provide a source of Phragmites reinfestation.

The material spread remained below existing MHHW elevation.

In areas where the adjacent marsh plain was at an elevation between MHWand MHHW, the spoil piles were used to create upland islands. To reduce the potential for infestation by Phragmites, the created upland islands were seeded and planted as discussed above. The created islands (from both remnant dikes and spoil piles) were primarily less than one quarter of an acre, and approximately 20 islands were created. A typical upland island is shown on Figure 5.3.Microtopography.

Areas previously dominated by Phragmites at the Alloway Creek Site lack surface topography and sediment conditions typical of Spartina altemiflora-dominated areas. To increase the competitive advantage of Spartina spp. and other desirable marsh vegetation over Phragmites, PSEG performed surface modifications to the marsh plain (microtopographic modifications).

It was hypothesized that these modifications will modify soil properties and characteristics, provide an irregular topography for seed set, encourage the decay of Phragmites rhizomes, and promote the development of rivulets.

Microtopographic modifications were implemented in accordance with permits and necessary approvals.

Microtopographic modifications were performed in limited areas of the Site, with future microtopographic modifications addressed via the Adaptive Management Process.27 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022 The following criteria was considered in selecting locations to implement the modifications:

a Minimal disruption to desirable marsh vegetation; or* More than half of the vegetated marsh plain is made up of Phragmites; or a The marsh plain is unvegetated; and a Accessibility Limited areas where microtopographic modifications were performed were seeded to encourage rapid recolonization of Spartina alternifora and desirable marshvegetation. Seeding consisted of species that were present at the site prior to the invasion of Phragmites.

Seeding included:

S. altemiflora, Scirpusspp., arrow arum (Peltandra virginica), and cattail,Marsh Plain Mowing. Mowing was the primary mechanical method implemented (as a potential alternative to glyphosate application) to evaluate control and weakening of Phragmites on the marsh plain. Although mowing was not expected to eradicate Phragmites, mowing was implemented to evaluate the stress to Phragmites stalks, thereby reducing their ability to migrate by rhizomes.

Portions of the marsh plain where mowing was performed, were seeded with Spartina altemiflora and other desirable marsh vegetation.

Upland Edge Source Control. Mowing was the primary mechanical method implemented (as a potential alternative to glyphosate application) to evaluate the reduction of spread of Phragmites from adjacent upland/transition areas to the marsh plain or from adjacent properties.

Although mowing was not expected to eradicate Phragmites, mowing was implemented to evaluate the stress to Phragmites stalks, and reducing their ability to migrate into the adjacent marsh plain through the rhizomes.Application of Rodeo with a Surfactant.

Application of Rodeo, a glyphosate-based herbicide, with a surfactant is a common Phragmites control technique.

In 2001, equivalent glyphosate-based herbicides became commercially available, as the Monsanto patent expired for Rodeo 7.Future applications of Rodeo,'or an equivalent glyphosate-based herbicide with a surfactant, will be addressed via the Adaptive Management Process discussed below.The above design features were implemented within the restoration areas that comprised approximately 2813 acres. However, during 2001 it became apparent toPSEG that achieving compliance with the final success criteria on approximately 1,200 acres of the Site would require the repeated application herbicide to a 5 The restoration area is that area wit'hin the Site where the marsh plain is primarily is at or below an elevation of MHHW within which restoration activities and adaptive management activities are implemented.

28 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#1 52.543(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 substantial number of those acres for multiple years. PSEG's goal for the EEP continues to be to complete, in accordance with this management plan, the successful restoration/preservation in a manner that is ecologically sound, is consistent with all applicable Permit and regulatory requirements, promotes an efficient regulatory process, and appropriately recognizes the views of interested parties. While PSEG believes the ACW site can be successfully restored and the use of a glyphosate-based herbicide equivalent to Rodeo poses no significant risk to human health or the environment, it was recognized that the activities necessary to restore a portion of the site are inconsistent with both the NJDEP's and interested third parties' views on the application of glyphosate.

Therefore, In July 2001, PSEGreduced the restoration area within the Site from approximately 2813 acres to approximately 1600 acres (Figure 5.1). Adaptive management activities as described below will continue within this revised restoration area, if required.Management Provisions Restoration of Spartina Species and Other Desirable Marsh Vegetation.

Following Phragmites spraying and burning, the marsh plain was made available for the re-establishment of Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation.

In addition to Spartina, other desirable marsh vegetation continue to recolonize the Site including:

Scirpus spp., salt marsh fleabane (Pluchea purpurascens), cattail, arrow arum, water hemp (Amaranthus cannabinus), smartweed (Polygonum spp.), spike rush (Eleocharis spp.), sweet flag (Acorus clamus), marsh orach (Atriplex patula), sedges, rose-mallow (Hibiscus mosheutos), salt marsh asters (Aster spp.), swamp dock (Rumex verticillatus), Walters millet (Echinochloa walteri), and pickerel weed (Pontederia cordata).

Seeds of desirable salt marsh species present within the marsh soil seedbank and seeds from nearby salt marshes have germinated.

Recolonization by native species is expected to increase yearly.Some Phragmites is also expected to recolonize some of the sites. Additional Phragmites control methods will be consistent with the Adaptive Management Process and will be implemented after consultation with the EEPAC, if appropriate, and in accordance with federal, state and local permits.Cultural Resource Considerations It is not anticipated that the proposed restoration design will have any adverse impacts on cultural resources.

Known archaeological sites within the Alloway Creek Site are located below ground, and will not be affected by the proposed application of herbicide with a surfactant and burning of dead stalks. As disruption to the marsh plain will occur within areas currently subject to tidal inundation, it is unlikely that archaeological sites will be adversely affected.

If cultural resources are encountered during project implementation or management, the New Jersey State Historic Preservation Office will be consulted and the appropriate actions taken.29 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 The potential historical architectural resources on uplands adjacent to the Alloway Creek Site will not be affected by the wetland restoration.

Adjacent Landowner Concerns Flooding.

The restoration area at the Alloway Creek Site is currently inundated on a daily basis during periods of high tide. Tide measurements taken within the main channels of the sites showed very little attenuation in the peak water surface elevations when compared to the Delaware River.. The peak water surface elevations in the higher order channels of the sites will not increase as a result of the wetland restoration activities.

Wetland restoration at the Alloway Creek Site will be accomplished by eradicating the existing monotypic Phragmites stands within the marsh and performing continued Phragmites control and marsh plain modifications, where appropriate.

As remnant dike removal was performed only within areas internal to the Site where the dikes no longer functioned as flood protection features, no hydrologic or other typeof modification is contemplated that could result in an increased tidal range at these sites. Thus, the nearby wells and septic systems, as well as the potential for offsite flooding, should remain unaffected by the wetland restoration process.Water Supply. The only potable water supply available to residents in the area is groundwater.

During the 1990's, chloride levels in some wells were slightly higher as indicated in section IV.C, Surface and Groundwater Hydrology.

It is not anticipated, however, that the wetland restoration at the Site will result in substantial long term increases in chloride levels in wells, particularly those wells built to current-water well codes, because no significant change in the location of the fresh/salt water interface should occur. Thus, the nearby wells should remain unaffected by the wetland restoration process.Septic Systems. Septic systems are used by residents of the area for wastewater disposal.

The efficiency of septic systems is controlled by several factors including system design, soil conditions in the drain field area and the depth of groundwater.

Wetland restoration at the site is:not expected to cause a substantial landward shift in the MHHW line that could cause an increase in the elevation of the groundwater surface. Thus, the nearby septic systems should remain unaffected by the wetland restoration.

Permitting Requirements Implementation of the Phragmites control and marsh plain modification techniques set forth in this Management Plan have required numerous Federal, State and local permits/approvals.

The required State. permits/approvals include: a Waterfront Development Permit, Coastal Wetlands Permit, Coastal Area Facilities Review Act Permit, Freshwater Wetlands Permit, and a Water Quality Certificate.

Federal 30 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.5 43(M)Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 permit requirements associated with wetland restoration are those established under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, as administered by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Other required permits/approvals include a Riparian License, municipal site plan approvals, SalemCounty site plan review and approval, an Aquatic Pesticide Use Permit, Open Burning Permit, and Salem County Soil Conservation District soil erosion and sediment control plan review and certification.

Many of these permits/approvals require public notices and/or public meetings that provide additional opportunities for interested parties to review and discuss PSEG's detailed plans.Ecological Considerations Surface Water Quality. Implementation of the wetland restoration provisions will not significantly impact water quality at the Alloway Creek Site. Studies have shownthat glyphosate, the active ingredient of Rodeo and equivalent herbicides, does notbioaccumulative and dissipates rapidly in water, soil and sediments 6.Glyphosate binds tightly to soils and/or sediments, thus reducing biological availability.

Once bound to sediments or soil, glyphosate degrades through microbial action and will not accumulate in the ecosystem, even if used annually.Minimal impacts to water quality due to erosion or sedimentation were expected, and were not observed as a result of restoration activities.

Vegetation became reestablished after burning. In limited areas, it was observed that more than one growing season was required following the application of glyphosate and a surfactant before Spartina spp. and other desirable marsh vegetation re-colonized 0 these areas, but the low velocities on the marsh plain and the existing root mat prevented erosion.Vegetation.

The restoration of the Alloway Creek Site is expected to have a beneficial effect on natural vegetation communities over the course of the restoration program. Areas dominated by Phragmites were treated with Rodeo (or its equivalent) with a surfactant and subsequently burned where possible, to increase vegetative diversity and allow recolonization by plant species beneficial to the Delaware Estuary.Plant species, other than Phragmites, were impacted by aerial application of Rodeoor its equivalent, with a surfactant and prescribed burning of Phragmites-dominated areas. Loss of non-target plant species was minimized by controlled spraying onlywhen conditions were favorable for minimizing drift. In mixed stands of vegetation, Phragmites is usually the tallest plant and intercepts the herbicide with a surfactant from the more desirable, shorter species.6 Monsanto, January 1994. Glyphosate Technical Fact Sheet Number 7 -Health and Environmental Safety Aspects of Glyphosate Herbicide:

An Overview.31 AWloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#152.543(M)

EEP04022 During prescribed burns, protective measures such as firebreaks, backfires, and firesuppression techniques were implemented to protect non-Phragmites vegetation.

Burns do not impact the regrowth of perennial species such as S. altemiflora, and in some cases may provide a benefit by the addition of nutrients.

Burns were conducted only when weather conditions were favorable for control.Fish and Wildlife. The wetland restoration design selected for the Alloway Creek Site incorporates ecological considerations to improve the habitat value of the site for species that will utilize the restored wetlands, and to minimize adverse potential impacts to wildlife and aquatic species currently using the area.The restoration activities at the Alloway Creek Site will not have any long-term adverse effect on any of the threatened or endangered species observed at the site.The northern harrier, osprey and bald eagle will benefit from the restoration and subsequent conservation easement that will preclude disturbance to this vast tract of tidal marsh. The great blue heron, black-crowned night heron, and northern diamondback terrapin will still use the tidal creeks and mud flats for feeding and resting. Although the savannah sparrow may occur in stands of Phragmites that were eradicated as part of the restoration effort, there are fallow farm fields (the preferred habitat for this and the other "grassland" sparrows), adjacent to the restoration sites. Since the rare skipper butterfly typically does not inhabit Phragmites-dominated areas, it is unlikely to be adversely affected by restoration activities at the Alloway Creek Site.The red-winged blackbird and marsh wren, which nest in Phragmites, may be affected by loss of habitat; however, this will be minimal due to the fact that these species readily nest in restoration species, such as big cordgrass.

Impacts to less mobile species were minimized by conducting prescribed burns in late winter, prior to most avian migration and nesting seasons and the re-emergence of many amphibians and reptiles.

Other sensitive species were sufficiently mobile that, during prescribed burns, individuals would have been able to relocate to suitable habitat nearby. The critical shorebird migration period for the Delaware Estuary tidal marshes is from May 10th through June 15th, or as otherwise noted in theapplicable permits. In summary, the proposed restoration measures are expected to increase and improve wildlife habitat, and the potential habitat loss associated with restoration activities is expected to be temporary in nature.

C. Public Use Provisions All property owned by PSEG and under conservation easement to the State of New Jersey, with the exception of an area of approximately 85 acres internal to the Site, will be open for public use at the Alloway Creek Site. These approximate 85 acres of wetland are subject to a Deed of Conservation Restriction and are being restored, however are privately owned. Public use activities on the remainder of the site will 32 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 consist of hunting, trapping, fishing, crabbing and wildlife observation.

Based on input from the community involvement committee, the NJDEP and public officials, the public use component includes an interpretive trail and observation platform, which are accessible to the disabled.

Also, an interpretive trail adjacent to a former freshwater impoundment with a bird observation blind and an observation platform are provided at another location.

Limited parking is provided in the proximity of the facilities.

The locations of these facilities, and public use areas, are shown in Figure 5.4.During construction and the initial stages of revegetation, use of the restoration area was limited for public safety and to prevent disturbance to young plants. If public use following restoration creates adverse impacts on the natural features and wildlife on the site, public use may be limited. Following restoration activities, environmental education literature was created in conjunction with input from the local and scientific community to highlight the unique environmental features and history of the Alloway Creek Site. Interpretive signs were also provided depicting estuary ecology and highlighting the significance of the Delaware Bay and its associated salt marshes.D. Agricultural Activities Following review of planned restoration activities and the construction of public use facilities, limited areas are suitable for agricultural activities.

To provide for potential agricultural activities that may continue to occur on the Site in the event farmers continue to express interest in farming at the Site, a Farm Conservation Plan is being developed in cooperation with the Soil Conservation Service (SCS).0 Agricultural activities will be consistent with the Farm Conservation Plan and include controls to limit erosion and protect adjacent wetlands including, but not limited to, buffer areas not less than fifty feet and tillage to prevent erosion.E. Wetland Restoration Implementation Schedule The proposed implementation schedule for the restoration activities is subject to regulatory approval and receipt of all applicable regulatory permits. The Site was sprayed with Rodeo with a surfactant in the late summer and fall of 1996 and 1997.Prescribed burning was completed in the winter of 1997 and 1998. A second application of Rodeo with a surfactant was performed during the late summer or fall of 1998 to Phragmites, that were treated for the first time in 1997. Rodeo with the surfactant LI-700 was applied in 1998. Mechanical removal of Phragmites was performed, where required, in the late summer and fall of 1998 in accordance with permits. Continued Phragmites control and marsh plain modification activities were initiated during the winter and/or early spring of 1999, consistent with the terms and conditions of all applicable federal, state, and local permits and/or approvals.

Limited mechanical removal of Phragmites dead stalks was performed in the winter of 1999. Remnant dike and spoil pile removal activities were completed.

Activities that were completed at the Site during 1999, included microtopographic 33 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated FiLe#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 modifications, marsh plain and upland edge Phragmites mowing, and source control through seeding and/or planting.Initial restoration activities were completed during the late summer of 1999, as indicated by Figure 5.1. Adaptive management activities were conducted during 2000 through the present, and will continue within the current restoration area as part of the Adaptive Management Process.F. Public Notification Process As required by NJAC 7:30-9.8, public notification procedures were implemented prior to the application of Rodeo, or its equivalent, with a surfactant.

Notifications were made through advertisement in two newspapers having the greatest likelihood of informing the public within the area of the proposed application.

The notices were placed in the legal advertisement sections of the newspapers.

The newspaper notifications were given a maximum of 30 days and a minimum of seven days prior to the proposed application date. The notifications included information required pursuant to NJAC 7:30-9.8.

PSEG retains a record of the newspapers in which the notification advertisement was placed and the dates published.

This information will be made available to the NJDEP upon request.Upon the request of a person residing in the vicinity of the proposed glyphosate-based herbicide and surfactant application site, a PSEG contact person provided notification within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of application.

Except when a reasonable attempt to provide notice was unsuccessful, attempts to notify the person, by telephone, were made immediately prior to the application.

The telephone notification included information pursuant to NJAC 7:30-9.8.PSEG has maintained a record of all telephone calls, attempted and completed, with persons requesting information and a file of related correspondence.

These records will be made available to the NJDEP upon request. The information kept in the call record includes:* Name and telephone number of the person contacted; and,* Date and time of the telephone call.In addition to the notification procedures required under NJAC 7:30-9.8 as described above, during 1996 and 1997 PSEG notified all property owners within 1,000 feet of the Site by certified mail at least seven days in advance of the application of Rodeowith a surfactant.

Each certified letter had a return postcard and a toll-free number to call to inform PSEG that the property owner wished to be notified of the Rodeowith a surfactant application schedule via telephone notice. All telephone notifications occurred within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> prior to the application of Rodeo and surfactant.

34 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 Prior to the prescribed burns, property owners were notified in accordance with the procedures identified in NJAC 7:30-9.8, as described above. Local, county, and state agencies (such as the USACOE, NJDEP, USFWS, USDA-NRCS, County Mosquito Commission, County Engineer, Township Engineer and Administrator) were notified by certified mail at least seven days prior to the prescribed burns. In the event that additional application of glyphosate-based herbicides and a surfactant and/or prescribed burning is planned, the notifications will be performed in accordance with NJAC 7:30-9-8.G. Operation and Maintenance Schedule The regrowth, and/or reinfestation, of Phragmites following restoration will be monitored on the Alloway Creek Site and, if necessary, measures will be undertaken to control its regrowth.

Upland edge source control by mowing, cutting and disruption of rhizomes and/or stems may continue, as necessary, through subsequent years. Additional control measures will include, but may not be limited to, the techniques discussed in Section H. below, Success Criteria, Adaptive Management, and Monitoring.

The biological monitoring, permit compliance monitoring, and property/asset management inspections will provide an additional presence on the Alloway Creek Site that will help to identify concerns expeditiously.

PSEG provides a 24-hour contact number for emergencies, (1-888-MARSHES).

Public use facilities are inspected and maintained by PSEG or its designee.

Deed covenants, backed by Corporate Surety Bonds, have been developed and recorded to address property tax commitments.

H. Success Criteria, Adaptive Management, and Monitoring 7 Success Criteria Special Condition H.3.(a) of the, 1994 NJPDES Permit provided that PSEG must restore normal daily tidal inundation to the diked restoration sites and restore wetlands dominated by Phragmites to primarily Spartina species with other naturally occurring marsh grasses. Furthermore, the NJPDES Permit required that PSEG develop Management Plans that shall include an anticipated schedule for natural revegetation.

Interim and final performance criteria, which are described below, have been developed as benchmarks against which to monitor the progress of the wetland restoration and its ultimate success. These criteria encompass both vegetation coverage and hydrologic criteria which could effect revegetation of the 7 As approved by the NJDEP and any subsequent revision thereto.35 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 marsh plain.Interim Criteria.

To monitor the progress of wetland restoration, vegetative criteria and hydrological performance criteria have been developed to measure interim progress of the requirements of the NJPDES Permit.Interim Hydrologic Criteria.

The interim hydrologic criteria will be satisfied if normal tidal flow is demonstrated at the end of three years following completion of restoration implementation activities.

Interim Vegetative Criteria.

The interim vegetative criteria is satisfied at the wetland restoration sites, when >_45 percent coverage of the marsh plain (36 percent of the total marsh) by Spartina and other desirable marsh vegetation is attained.

For the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites, this vegetative criteria must besatisfied after six growing seasons. This time frame includes a one year lag following the completion of restoration implementation activities before revegetation commences.

Final Success Criteria.

Review of available historical aerial photography for undisturbed salt marshes and previously "self restored" diked areas (by storms or human intervention) suggests reasonable end-points for successful restoration.

At the end of the restoration process which is anticipated to be no later than the twelfth year of monitoring, the following end-points are anticipated at the wetland restoration sites:* 95 percent or more of the marsh plain (76 percent of the total marsh) will be colonized by desirable vegetation;

• Phragmites'coverage will be reduced to less than or equal to five percent of the total vegetated area of the marsh plain (less than or equal to four percent of the total marsh), and* Open water constituents of the restored sites will be targeted to be less than or equal to 20 percent of the total marsh area.Once these endpoints have been achieved, a final report must be submitted to EEPAC and NJDEP.Adaptive Management Adaptive Management is a process initiated after initial restoration activities have been completed to ensure that restoration goals are.

met. The foundation of Adaptive Management is an understanding of tidal marsh ecology based on current literature, historical observations, on-going data collection, and monitoring.

The Adaptive Management Process is implemented through the multi-disciplinary Adaptive Management Team (Team). The Team evaluates the progress of the 36 AIloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 wetland restoration by, regular site visits, field observations, and by evaluating monitoring activities.

Through regular site visits, the Team is able to identify areas that may require additional monitoring or intervention to ensure a successful restoration.

To ensure the Success Criteria for the wetland restoration sites will be met, thresholds in the form of trends or trajectories have been developed against which the Team and PSEG will monitor the progress of wetland restoration.

Defined variances from the expected trends or trajectories Atriggers@

the need for further evaluation of potential problems to determine an appropriate course of action. Upon determination that corrective measures are necessary, PSEG, in consultation with members of the EEPAC and the resource management agencies, will evaluate feasible alternatives for the resolution of an identified problem. Upon review and approval of the proposed -corrective measure(s) by NJDEP, PSEG will initiate implementation of the appropriate corrective measures.

The Adaptive Management Process is shown in Figure 6.The thresholds relate directly to the success criteria, and address two categories:

hydrology.and vegetation.

Because achieving the appropriate hydrology is essential for restoration success, hydrologic thresholds are included that will ensure a natural tidal cycle in the restored marshes. The hydrologic thresholds that would trigger further action include:* Excessive ponding. Because excessive ponding on the marsh surface at low tide will prevent recolonization by Spartina species with other desirable marsh vegetation, it is important to design the restoration to allow the marshplain to drain fully. To safeguard against improper drainage, a threshold is proposed whereby standing water persistently remaining on more than 25 percent of the marsh plain during normal low tides after a one-year lag (in Phragmites-dominated marshes) would trigger the Adaptive Management Process.* Tidal occlusion.

For the restoration to meet its final objectives, tidal flow must be relatively unobstructed in areas of the restoration sites where channels were constructed.

Persistent closure of either existing or engineered creeks would trigger further evaluation and possible implementation of the Adaptive Management Process.The relatively rapid recolonization of the marsh plain by Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation with a concurrent reduction in Phragmites coverage is a primary focus of the marsh restoration effort. Anticipated recolonization rates for Spartina species with other desirable marsh vegetation have been developed from scientific literature and from historic data to provide a frame of reference for the restoration progress (Figure 7.0).

Severe and/or persistent downward departures from the proposed rates will require implementation of corrective measures.

The proposed vegetative thresholds that would trigger further action at the Phragmites-37 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#1 52.543(M)EEP04022 dominated wetland restoration sites include:* The areal coverage of Spartina species with other desirable marsh vegetation falls below the expected increasing trajectory shown in Figure 7.0 for two consecutive years after a one-year post-construction lag* The areal coverage of Phragmites-dominated vegetation exceeds theexpected decreasing trajectory shown in Figure 7.0 for two consecutive years after a one-year post-construction lag Surpassing any of these threshold limits will trigger further evaluation through the Adaptive Management Process, and the implementation of NJDEP-approved corrective measures.

Also, additional data collection and/or corrective measures may be implemented as approved by the NJDEP at areas that are not progressing as anticipated or which are approaching a threshold limit.Potential corrective actions for the hydrologic and vegetative adaptive management threshold triggers at the wetland restoration sites may, at a minimum, include: S excavation of additional.primary tidal channels;* enlargement of existing primary tidal channels;* excavation of secondary tidal channels;* modifications to tidal inlets;* notching of material that blocks drainage;* filling existing tidal channels (where circulation patterns are detrimental to vegetation restoration);

• stabilizing existing breaches;* stabilizing of upland dikes or internal berms;* microtopographic modifications;

• planting of Spartina species (seeding or plugging) or other desirable marsh vegetation on portions of the restoration sites;* planting of upland edges to control re-invasion of Phragmites by rhizomes;* elevation reduction;

• mechanical source control (including mowing) of Phragmites;

• biological control of Phragmites areas;soil nutrient modification/soil chemistry adjustment of Phragmites areas; and* control of Phragmites by the application of Rodeo or its equivalent with a surfactant in both previously treated and non-treated areas only after ruling out all other intervention strategies listed above. In no event shall herbicide and surfactant be used on a broad-scale basis. It shall be limited to spot applications that are not to cover more than one third of the vegetative marsh plain on an annual basis.Together, these biological and mechanical response activities offer alternatives that will provide effective means for corrective action should any active intervention be 38 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022 necessary under the decision making process.Monitoring Success Criteria and Adaptive Management thresholds will be evaluated at the Wetland Restoration Sites. A combination of remote.sensing and ground-truthing will be used to monitor vegetation cover, tidal inundation and other hydrologic parameters.

Normal tidal inundation will be monitored and evaluated by a combination of tidal monitoring and/or photography.

0O 39 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Management Plan File#152.543(M)

EEP04022

, VI. LITERATURE CITED Cross. D., 1941. Archaeology of New Jersey, Volume 1. The Archaeological Society of New Jersey and the New Jersey State Museum, Trenton.Cushing, T. And C. E. Shepard, 1883. History of the Counties of Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland, New Jersey, with Biographical Sketches of the Prominent Citizens.Evert and Peck, Philadelphia.

Gill, H. E., 1962.' Ground-Water Resources of Cape May County, NJ Salt-Water Invasion of Principal Aquiifers, U.S. Geological Survey Special Report No. 18.Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Study, February 2, 1982.Township of Elsinboro, Community No. 340415.Rooney, J. G., 1971. GroundwaterResources of Cumberland County, New Jersey.U.S. Geological Survey Special Report 34.Rosenau, J. C., S. M. Lang, G. S. Hilton, and J. G. Rooney, 1969. Geology and Ground-Water Resources of Salem County, New Jersey. State of New Jersey Department of Conservation and Economic Development, Division of Water Policy and Supply. U.S. Geological Survey Special Report No. 33.Skinner, A. and M. Schrabisch, 1913. A Preliminary Report of the Archaeological Survey of the State of New Jersey. Geological Survey of New Jersey, Bulletin 9.MacCrellish

& Quigley, State Printers, Trenton.

Thompson, M. M. andJ. M. Dickey, 1984. Salem County Cultural Resource Survey, Phase I. Prepared for the Salem County Cultural and Heritage Commission, Salem, New Jersey.U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1964. Frequency of High Tides, Hurricane Survey for Delaware River and Bay, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware.

House Document N. 348. Philadelphia District Corps of Engineers.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1969. Soil Survey of Salem County, New Jersey.U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service, in Association with the New Jersey Agricultural Experimental Station at Rutgers, the State University, Cook College.Weiss, H. B. And G. W. Weiss, 1965. Some Early Industries of New Jersey (Cedar Mining, Tar, Pitch, Salt Hay). New Jersey Agricultural Society, Trenton.

Zapecza, 0., 1989. Hydrogeologic Framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain.U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1404-B.40 AIloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated File#152.543(M)

Wetland Restoration Management Plan EEP04022

////-A/I I/'IL A'slIt"/0 I I, I I Ii SITE j _ 9&_II* 7~i~ol/i, LEGEND SITE B3OUNDARY WETLAND RESTORATION AREA BOUNDARY S- .... MUNICIPAL BOUNDARY BASED ON SEPTEMBER 20, 1996ClR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY AOR. INC..

PENNSAUKEN, N.J.FRGOLE ALLOWA Y CREEK SITE WETLAAV RESTORA TION SHTE 0 3000 6000 UR-- Tsiiiiiiiiiiiiiii LOWER ALLOWA YS CREEK AND TOWNSHIP SALEM COMMTY, NEW JERSEY SCALE (FEET)CAOO JL DATE OCT 16. 2002 SCALE !a m 3000'FIE IM ACW .CHECKED R.LH EXAMINED RU,4 S 0 NO M 1. TIDE DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM THE NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY (NOS) RELATIVE TO LOCAL MEAN LOWER LOW WATER FOR LOWER ALLOWAY CREEK (TIDE GAUGE NO.

8537731), HANCOCKS BRIDGE (TIDE GAUGE NO.

8537753), ABBOTS MEADOW (TIDE GAUGE NO. 8537774).

AND COOPER CREEK (TIDE GAUGE 537779). NAVD 88 VALUES WERE OBTAINED BY SURVEYING NOS TIDAL BENCHMARKS AND GAUGE NOS.8537731. 8537753, AND 8537774. CORRECTIONS WERE MADE TO NOS TIDE DATA BASED ON THE SURVEYED BENCHMARK ELEVATIONS AND LOCAL TIDE LEVEL DATA COLLECTED BY WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS.

+7' +6' 2. THE CONVERSION BETWEEN NGVD 29 AND NAVD 88IS APPROXIMATELY 0.9 FEET IN THE ALLOWAY-CREEK AREA. TO CONVERT AN NGVD 29 ELEVATION+6' TO NAVO 88 SUBTRACT 0.9 FEET. TO CONVERT AN NAVD 88 TO NGVD 29 ADD 0.9 FEET.3. ALL VALUES SHOWN ARE IN U.S. FEET.+5' +4'+4' MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER (MHHW) 2.95' +3'MEAN HIGH WATER (MHW) 2.62'+)+3'- +2 0 >+2' -+1 z z+1 MEAN TIDE LEVEL (MTL) -0.10' 0'::D 0' -1' ~i 0-1-.2' 4 SEC~. 1 M EAN LOW W ATER (M LW .-2.82 ' ,..S.TU A R ' E. .A t.M.N.T P R G RA.FIG2RE 2.1 MEAN LOWER LOW WATER (MLLW) -3.01' TIDE LEVEL DATA FOR DELA WARE RIVER LOWER ALLOWA YS CREEK AND 9ELSINBORO TOWNSHIP SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY CADM JL. DATE DEC 9. 2002 SCALE N.T.S.FiLTIDE D£ATA2 CHECKEXD RU EXAMINED 91.-4 NOTES* I 1. TIDE DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM THE NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY (NOS) RELATIVE TO LOCAL MEAN LOWER LOW WATER FOR LOWER ALLOWAY CREEK (TIDE GAUGE NO. 8537731).

HANCOCKS BRIDGE (TIDE GAUGE NO. 8537753), ABBOTS MEADOW (TIDE GAUGE NO. 8537774).

AND COOPER CREEK (TIDE GAUGE 537779), NAVD 88 VALUES WERE OBTAINED BY+7' :+6' SURVEYING NOS TIDAL BENCHMARKS AND GAUGE NOS.8537731, 8537753, AND 8537774. CORRECTIONS WERE MADE TO NOS TIDE DATA BASED ON THE SURVEYED BENCHMARK ELEVATIONS AND LOCAL TIDE LEVEL DATA I+5' COLLECTED BY WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS.

2. THE CONVERSION BETWEEN NGVD 29 AND NAVO 88 IS APPROXIMATELY 0.9 FEET IN THE ALLOWAY+5' +4' CREEK AREA. TO CONVERT AN NGVD 29 ELEVATION TO NAVD 58 SUBTRACT 0.9 FEET. TO CONVERT AN NAVD 88 TO NGVD 29 ADD 0.9 FEET.+4' +3' 3. ALL VALUES SHOWN ARE IN U.S. FEET.MEAN HIGHER HIGH WATER (MHHW) 2.55'y) + 3' ... .. ........

.. .MEAN HIGH WATER (MHW) 2.22' '2' 00 00I 0 +'42' c o >+2' +1' MEAN TIDE LEVEL (MTL) -0.05' z,-O -----------1' --i 0 1'1' -2'MEAN LOW WATER 1ML_)_ -2.32' _FIGURE 2.2 TIELEVEL DA TA !FOR ALLOWA V CREEK :-LOWER ALLOWA YS CREEK AND W 2 9ELSINSOBRO .SALEM COUNTY. NEW JERSEY CA4O J. EC 9. 2002 5E NYrS.0FILE TIDE QATA C04ECKE -RLJ_4 0"lNE0 RU RR~i1mmol i.t .SITE BUDR wET"I RESTORATION AREA SOUNOARY Ih SIT...... EITING SURFACE WIATER FEATURE Lo-EXISTINGROADS 4 5100-YEAR FLCOO ZONE IV BAE ONEM: SETEBE97 20 w (-H IC RAEILPOORPYBYSESSESAR PENNSiAUKN N.J. C N OG 0 F~~~~~~~ETA0 LAND DT -RESTOR DISCON SEPTEME19.

0 3I C 6 000 6 000ýIiEACHCC.....

C....... XMIE U

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FIGURE 5.4."PUBLIC USE. AREAS SBALL 0EWAY CREEK WA TERSHED C C3- A0A0 WETL AND RES TORA TION SITESALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY 0, E (FEET A.. .P.NNSAUKE ..<II uompare Monitoring Kesults AgainstInterim Criteria 1-Restoration of normal tidal flow at thd cnd of 3 )oar folloring the complction of iotal mstorarion -

mpemtion action* No tess than 45% ofthe rmarsh plain (36%

of tlh torl o h) 'rill b1c covod by Spartno sp. and othdr desiroableh epadnlo'Interim.vegetative criteria applicable to the 2005 monitoring data for the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites.2 Final vegetative success criteria applicable to the 2011 monitoring data for the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites.FIGURE 6.0 EEP ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT PROCESS FOR PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED RESTORATION SITES FIGURE 7.0 EEP ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT RESTORATION TRAJECTORIES FOR PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED RESTORATION SITE Phragmites -Dominated Sites Restoration Trajectories -% of Site 80 70 60 50'- 40 0 30 20 10 0 Spartina Target% of Site-Phrag Target -% of Site20012002 2003 2004 2005.

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year 2011 2008 SITE STATUS REPORT ALLOWAY CREEK WATERSHED PHRAGMITES-DOMINATED WETLAND RESTORATION SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY June 19, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION Page INTRODUCTION 1 I.A Estuary Enhancement Program Overview 1 1.B Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site 1 I.B.1 Site Description 1 I.B.2 Phragmites at the ACW Site 2 I.B.3 Restoration Activities at the ACW Site 2 11 MONITORING PROGRAM 5 II.A Improved Biological Monitoring Program Work Plan 5 iI.A.1 Overview 5 II.A.2 iElements of the Vegetative and Hydrogeomorphology Monitoring Program 6 1I.B Other Monitoring Programs 6 II.B.1 Tidal Elevation Monitoring 6 ll.B.2 Adaptive Management and Restoration Management 6 II.C Data Collection and Reporting 7 III ANALYSIS, METHODS AND MAPPING 7 III.A. Cover Type Mapping 8 III.A.1 'Spartina spp. and Other Desirable NaturallyýOccurring Marsh Vegetation 9 I II.A.2 ,Phragmites-Dominated Vegetation 10 III.A.3-Non-Vegetated Marsh Plain 11 I II.A.4 I nternal Water Areas .12 III.A.5 Open Water 12 III.A.6 Upland Vegetation

/ Miscellaneous Cover 12 III.B Hydrology 12 III.B.1 Hydrogeomorphic Channel Analysis 12 III.B.2 Direct Measurements of Tidal Elevation 13 IV SUCCESS CRITERIA AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT 13 IV.A Success Criteria 13 IV.B Adaptive Management 14 EEP09046 153.402M June 19, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS V SITE STATUS ASSESSMENT V.A Vegetative Coverage V.B Hydrologic Conditions V.B.1 Hydrogeomorphology V.B.2 Hydrology V.C Adaptive Management Field Observations V.D Adaptive Management Triggers 16 16 17 17 17 17 18 18 20 VI

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS VII REFERENCES LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Table 1 Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site Adaptive Management Process EEP Adaptive Management Restoration Trajectories for Phragmites-Dominated Restoration Sites Alloway Creek Wetland Restoration Site: 1996 Vegetation Features Alloway Creek Wetland Restoration Site: 2008 Vegetation Features Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site -Cover Category and Drainage Density Summary LIST OF TABLES Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site -Wetland Restoration Area Cover Type Summary Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site -Channel Geomorphology Summary.EEP09046 153.402M ii June 19, 2009 I INTRODUCTION This Site Status Report for the Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site (ACW site) provides an analysis of vegetation and hydrology conditions for the 2008 growing season. The information contained within this report is used to compare the restoration progress of the site to success criteria outlined in the Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site Management Plan. This report is made available to the Estuary Enhancement Program Advisory Committee (EEPAC).The vegetation and hydrology data provided in this report represent conditions of the eighth full growing season following the completion of initial restoration activities and the expected one-year lag period.L.A Estuary Enhancement Program Overview In July 1994, the NJDEP issued Final NJPDES Permit No. NJ0005622 (Permit)to PSEG Nuclear LLC (PSEG) [formerly known as Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G)] for the Salem Station (Salem or Station).

The Permit, which became effective 1 September 1994, included a number of special conditions designed to address concerns related to potential effects on aquatic organisms resulting from the Station's operations.

The special conditions required, among other things, that PSEG implement a program to restore, enhance, and preserve a minimum of 8,000 acres of wetlands adjacent to the Delaware Bay Estuary and an additional 2,000 acres of wetlands or 6,000 acres of upland buffer. The Permit further required that PSEG impose conservation restrictions on the restored wetlands and upland buffers in addition to the approximately 4,500 acres of preserved land referred to as the Bayside Tract, located in Greenwich Township, Cumberland County, NJ.Effective August 1, 2001, the NJDEP issued a final NJPDES renewal permit to PSEG. This final permit action effectively continued the wetlands restoration and preservation requirements contained in the July 20, 1994 NJPDES permit.I1.B Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-Dominated Wetland Restoration Site I.B.1 Site Description The ACW site (3,096 acres) is located in Elsinboro and Lower Alloway Creek Townships, Salem County, NJ (Figure 1). The restoration area of the ACW site is approximately 1600 acres. The ACW site is primarily bordered by Alloways Creek to the south, Salem-Hancocks Bridge Road to the east, the Delaware River to the west, and Fort Elfsborg Road (Salem Co. Rt. 624) and agricultural EEP09046 153.402M 1 June 19, 2009 fields to the north. The ACW site is subject to tidal influence from the Delaware River.I.B.2 Phragmites at the ACW Site The occurrence and patterns of Phragmites distribution at the ACW site have developed in response to natural and man-made disturbances. .Phragmites became established in artificially elevated areas created during ditch excavation and spoil disposal, in filled areas such as dikes and levees, and on natural upland edges adjacent to marshes. This establishment was likely facilitated bythe previous agricultural use of these areas that involved the construction of dikes to control tidal flooding.

Once established on the remnants of these dikes and other disturbed areas associated with the previous use of these marshes, Phragmites had spread into adjacent areas and had out-competed desirablemarsh vegetation over much of the marsh plain surface.Phragmites grows in dense stands, spreads rapidly through rhizomes into lower elevations on the marsh surface, and is characterized by a high rate of litter production.

Phragmites also has an influence on marsh plain hydrology through its ability to "fill in" the microtopographic relief of the marsh surface. Small to medium streams or rivulets are filled by decaying plant material and rhizomes which enhance sedimentation, thereby flattening the marsh plain and decreasing tidal exchange.

This condition alters the soil properties and allows Phragmites to spread rapidly through rhizomes into lower elevations on the marsh surface.At the ACW site, the above stated processes resulted in development of a marsh mosaic, with Spartina spp. areas occurring adjacent.

to, and in many cases, encircled by Phragmites.

Observation of historical aerial photographs and maps coupled with knowledge of Phragmites ecology indicated that, without intervention, Phragmites would continue to spread into the lower elevations andreplace desirable marsh vegetation.

The benefits of controlling Phragmites include: 1) inducing the re-establishment of smaller channels, 2) improving the quality of fish habitat, 3) decreasing the availability of Phragmites seed and the potential for the spread of Phragmites by rhizomes in the immediate area, 4) providing a suitable substrate for colonization by more desirable species, and 5) reduced shading of the developing desirable plant species.I.B.3 Restoration Activities at the ACW Site Following the collection of baseline data in Phragmites-dominated areas, Phragmites control efforts were initiated.

Phragmites-dominated areas were treated with glyphosate with a surfactant (NJDEP Permit No. 1703-90-0001.2)1.

Glyphosate with a surfactant was applied to the Phragmites-dominated areas in By letter of 8/5/96, the activities were not subject to USACOE review and approval.EEP09046 2 June 19, 2009 153.402M accordance with the manufacturer's label and recommendations, after the majority of the Phragmites plants had tasseled and were preparing to enter senescence.

Glyphosate with a surfactant was sprayed aerially by helicopter over Phragmites-dominated areas in 1996 and 1997. Glyphosate with a surfactant was manually applied via ground equipment (as opposed to aerially) in established buffer areas. Limited ground spraying was conducted in 1998 to treat certain areas for the second time.Following the initial application of glyphosate with a surfactant, dead Phragmites stalks were removed by prescribed burning, wherever possible.

Prior to initiating the prescribed burn, PSEG, in conjunction with the NJDEP's Bureau of Forest Fire Management and the local fire department, developed a detailed burning plan and obtained all necessary permits. Prescribed burning was conducted in the winter of 1997 and 1998.Following the removal of the Phragmites vegetative cover, additional data were collected to support the engineering design for continued Phragmites control and marsh plain modifications at the ACW site. Additional data collected included: topographic and planimetric data, channel cross-sections and velocities, tidaldata, sediment characterization, and vegetation data.Topographic and planimetric data were collected that indicated the presence of many smaller channels that had been obscured by the Phragmites stalks. The channel densities were similar between areas previously dominated by Phragmites and the areas of existing Spartina within the ACW site. However, smaller channels, rivulets and microtopography, typically present in Spartina-dominated areas, were not present in areas that were previously Phragmites-dominated.

The topographic data collected also revealed the presence of numerous remnant dikes and piles of material that had been deposited on the marsh plain during previous channel or ditch excavation.

The data collected in several areas indicated the absence of shallow sloping creek banks that typically are present in Spartina-dominated marshes. In contrast, the creek banks along Phragmites-dominated areas are typically steep-slope to nearly vertical.Tidal monitoring was conducted at the ACW site during 1997 and 1998, following the removal of Phragmites cover. The tidal data indicated that no appreciable tidal restrictions exist at the ACW site. Based upon this data, it was determined that no additional channels were needed to enhance tidal flow to the marsh plain.Following the initial application of glyphosate with a surfactant and prescribed burning, portions of the marsh plain remained predominantly sparsely vegetated through the summer of 1997, with scattered live (mostly stunted) Phragmites stalks present throughout the site. Field observations during the summer of 1998 EEP09046 153.402M 3 June 19, 2009 W indicated revegetation of the marsh plain by desirable marsh vegetation, however, Phragmites rhizomes continued to sprout and/or spread in 1998.In consultation with the Management Plan Advisory Committee (MPAC), a test plot program was developed to determine the relative efficacy of different techniques for long-term control of Phragmites.

This program was based upon observations of differences in vegetation, elevation, marsh surface conditions

("hummocky" at Spartina-dominated areas versus uniformly flat at Phragmites-dominated areas), drainage patterns (channeled versus sheet flow), and soil chemistry between Spartina-dominated marshes and Phragmites-dominated marshes. The program included six test plots at. the ACW site. This program was reviewed with, and approved by, both the NJDEP (NJDEP Permit No. 1703-90-0001.5) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) (CENAP-OP-R-199800940-24).

In the summer of 1998, PSEG applied for and received permission (Permit No.1703-90-0001.6) from NJDEP for 100 acres of mowing at the ACW site. The acreage was increased to 500 acres per letter of PSEG on November 23, 1998.In March 1999, PSEG received approval from NJDEP (Permit No. 1703-90-0001.7,8) and. the USACOE (CENAP-OP-R-199900261-24) for additional activities at the ACW site. Based primarily upon the successful results of the microtopography and seeding test plots, PSEG received approval for up to 200 acres of additional microtopography and seeding. In addition, PSEG received approval for grading of remnant dikes and the implementation of additional test areas. The test areas varied in size up to 2.5 acres and include the implementation of activities such as mowing, seeding, mowing and seeding, microtopography and microtopography and seeding.In 2000, PSEG conducted field activities consistent with the test area program.In addition to the test areas, PSEG applied glyphosate with a surfactant to 433 acres of Phragmites following receipt of approval from NJDEP (Permit No. 1703-90-0001.9 and 1703-90-0001.10) and the USACOE (CENAP-OP-R-199902450-24). PSEG also performed approximately 110 acres of microtopographic modifications during 2000.From 2001 through 2005, PSEG applied glyphosate with a surfactant to approximately 300 acres of Phragmites annually following receipt of approval from NJDEP (Permit No.1700-04-0005.1), and consistent with the NJDEP-approved adaptive management process for marsh restoration.

During 2006 through 2008 approximately 110, 160 and 120 acres of Phragmites respectfully were treated with glyphosate and a surfactant.

0 EEP09046 153.402M 4 June 19, 2009 11 MONITORING PROGRAM II.A Improved Biological Monitoring Work Plan II.A.1 Overview PSEG has initiated a comprehensive biological monitoring program pursuant to Special Condition Section H.6 (a) of the 1994 NJPDES Permit that included vegetative and hydrogeomorphology monitoring.

The Improved Biological Monitoring Work Plan (IBMWP) as required under Custom Requirement G.6 of the 2001 Permit was prepared and amended by PSEG, reviewed by the MAC and EEPAC, and approved by NJDEP. The IBMWP describes the elements of the vegetative and hydrogeomorphology monitoring program. Under the IBMWP annual mapping of the vegetative communities and geomorphology will occur on all restoration sites that have not met the vegetative success criteria defined in the applicable site-specific Management Plan. Quantitative field surveys will be conducted on at least one restored salt hay farm until all formerly impounded restoration sites meet the vegetative success criteria, and on formerly Phragmites-dominated restoration sites that have not met the vegetative success criteria defined in the applicable site-specific Management Plan. Annual mapping of the vegetative communities and vegetative field sampling will also continue on the Moores Beach reference marsh until all formerly impounded sites meet the applicable vegetative success criteria; and on the Mad Horse Creek reference marsh until all formerly Phragmites-dominated restoration sites meet the applicable vegetative success criteria.

Mapping of the geomorphology on the Moore's Beach and Mad horse Creek reference marshes will only be conducted during 2003.Restoration Sites* Commercial Township Salt Hay Farm Wetland Restoration Site, Cumberland County, NJ" Dennis Township Salt Hay Farm Wetland Restoration Site, Cape May County, NJ; final success criteria met in 2000* Maurice River Township Salt Hay Farm Wetland Restoration Site, Cumberland County, NJ; final success criteria met in 2001* Cohansey River Watershed Phragmites-dominated Wetland Restoration Site, Cumberland County, NJ; final success criteria met in 2004* Alloway Creek Watershed Phragmites-dominated Wetland Restoration Site, Salem County, NJ* Cedar Swamp Phragmites-dominated Wetland Restoration Site, New Castle County, DE* The Rocks Phragmites-dominated Wetland Restoration Site, New Castle County, DE EEP09046 5 June 19, 2009 153.402M Reference Sites* Moores Beach Reference Marsh, Cumberland County, NJ* Mad Horse Creek Reference Marsh, Salem County, NJ II.A.2 Elements of the Vegetative and Hydrogeomorphology Monitoring Program Elements of the vegetative and hydrogeomorphic monitoring program, for those sites not yet having met the final success criteria as defined in the IBMWP, include:* acquisition of annual aerial photography and mapping of vegetative communities associated with the restoration process;* ground truthing of the aerial photographs;

• quantitative vegetation monitoring; and* hydrogeomorphic mapping.II.B Other Monitoring Programs In addition to the vegetative and hydrogeomorphic monitoring program as described in the IBMWP, PSEG has implemented supplemental monitoring and evaluation programs.

These supplemental programs include a tidal elevation monitoring program and the restoration and adaptive management processes.

II.B.1 Tidal Elevation Monitoring A tidal monitoring program was established to measure water surface elevations at the restoration sites. The data collected can be used to calculate the hydroperiod on the marsh plain, and to evaluate appropriate tidal inundation and drainage in the restoration area.ll.B.2 Adaptive Management and Restoration Management Adaptive management and restoration management were initiated at the ACW site in September 1999, following the completion of initial restoration activities.

These programs were initiated to provide for routine site inspections and to provide for timely identification of areas of potential concern.II.B.2.a Adaptive Management Adaptive Management (AM) is a process initiated after initial restoration activities have been completed to ensure that restoration goals are met. The foundation of Adaptive Management is an understanding of tidal marsh ecology based on current literature, historical observation, on-going data collection, and monitoring.

This process is implemented through a multi-disciplinary Adaptive Management Team (Team). The Team evaluates the progress of the wetland restoration by regular site visits, field observations, and review of monitoring data.EEP09046 153.402M 6 June 19, 2009 II.B.2.b Restoration Management Restoration Management (RM) was initiated following the completion of initial restoration activities and includes ongoing observations and the implementation of appropriate responses, if necessary.

Restoration management is implemented through PSEG personnel, their designees, and the Adaptive Management Team. RM provides for early identification of potential problems and the implementation of corrective actions, if appropriate, to minimize"triggering" an Adaptive Management response as described in Section IV. RM includes identification of problems, such as premature berm breaches, sediment erosion, poor drainage, sedimentation, or other conditions that might ultimately interfere with restoration success.II.C Data Collection and Reporting Monitoring was initiated by PSEG in 1995 at the selected wetland restoration sites and has continued annually since that date. The results of these annual programs have been compiled as part of the Biological Monitoring Program Annual Reports (PSEG 1996, 1997, 19982, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009)., These reports are submitted annually to the EEPAC for review and to the NJDEP as required by the Permit. The reports provide detailed descriptions of the methodologies employed to collect site data and a complete data set.As part of this annual report, PSEG has included the vegetative and hydrogeomorphic data as well. as observations made by the Adaptive Management Team relative to the overall status of the restoration project. As detailed later in this report, tidal elevation data collected in previous years indicated that the appropriate tidalrange relative to the marsh plain elevationsexisted at the ACW site. As a result, tidal monitoring at the site was discontinued in 1998.III ANALYSIS, METHODS AND MAPPING Under the IBMWP that was developed with MAC and EEPAC and approved by the NJDEP, aerial photography is used. to map changes in the vegetative communities at the restoration sites. Chapter 8 of the 2008 Annual Report (PSEG 2009) describes the methods by which this photography has been acquired and the 'vegetation coverage has been mapped.

A summary of these methods is provided below.

2 The 1998 data set is presented in PSEG Permit Renewal Application, NJPDES Permit No.NJ0005622, Appendix G, Exhibit G-2-4, dated March 4, 1999.EEP09046 7 June 19. 2009 153.402M....I W In meeting the vegetation mapping requirement, PSEG acquired vertical false color infrared (CIR) aerial photography during the period 1993 -2004 to serve as the basis for vegetation mapping on the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites and reference marsh (Mad Horse Creek). This photography was acquired by PSEG during a period of low tide in the peak growing season of each year to provide a consistent basis for year-to-year comparisons of vegetation change. Pre-restoration conditions are provided by 1996 aerial photography of the ACW site.In 2005 through 2008 PSEG elected to utilize true color aerial photography as the basis for assessing peak growing season vegetation coverage of the Phragmites-dominated sites because of the significant visual color difference that exist between in the predominant vegetation types that have developed over most of these sites. As with the CIR photography, the true color imagery was acquired during the peak growing season. The specific dates of photography acquisition for each year occur between August and October and represent dates on which detailed specifications relating to both weather conditions and tide levels were met. These dates were as follows:* 24 September 1993;* 19 August 1995;* 25 September 1996;* 11 October 1997;* 1 August 1998;* 2 October 1999;* 25 August 2000;* 25 August 2001;* 12 September 2002;* 24 August 2003;

• 22 August, 2004;, 12 September, 2005;* 3 October 2006;* 9 September, 2007; and* 8 September 2008.III.A Cover Type Mapping True color aerial photography acquired at a nominal scale of 1 in =800 ft was interpreted to map the extent of the various cover types present at the ACW site in 2008. The cover types identified were delineated by mapped polygons representing areas that are either dominated by listed species (i.e., vegetation community types) or represent identifiable land/water features (e.g., developed land, agricultural land, open water, mud flat). In areas where two or more species dominated a vegetation community, multiple species were listed.0 EEP09046 153.402M 8 June 19, 2009 In order to be identified as a given cover type, it is generally necessary that the vegetative cover of the polygon .exceed 30 percent. Thus areas mapped as "mud flat" may support vegetation below the 30 percent mapping threshold.

Aerial photography has been widely used for wetland mapping by agencies, such as the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for its National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Project. The NWI Program considers 30 percent vegetative cover as the breakpoint for separating emergent wetland from non-vegetated wetland (Tiner 1998). Likewise, PSEG uses 30 percent vegetative cover as the breakpoint.

The acreage and percent coverage of each individual cover type (e.g., species or group of species) for monitored years at the ACW site are provided in Table 1.The wetland restoration area occurs within the overall "site boundary" and was determined based on the mapping of the tidal wetland/upland edges on the 1998 CIR aerial photography.

This table groups the cover types under the following categories:

• Spartina spp./other desirable marsh vegetation;

• Phragmites-dominated vegetation;

• non-vegetated marsh plain;* internal water areas;* open water; and* upland vegetation/miscellaneous cover.General descriptions of the various cover categories and the individual cover types that they represent are provided in the following paragraphs.

III.A.1 Spartina spp. and Other Desirable Naturally Occurring Marsh Vegetation While restoration of Spartina alterniflora as a dominant species is desirable, thereare numerous other species that contribute to estuarine productivity and are indicative of a fully functional marsh ecosystem.

Such species include, but are not limited to:

Spartina cynosuroides, Spartina patens, Distichlis spicata, Scirpus robustus, Scirpus olneyi, Typha latifolia, Pluchea purpurascens, Acorus calamus, Eleocharis parvula, and Echinachloa waiten. Areas that are predominated by Spartina alterniflora or another desirable marsh species are included in this category.

Where other species are co-dominants with Spartina alterniflora, these species are also indicated in the type designation (e.g., Spartina alterniflora/Amaran thus cannabinus).

Where sparse clumps of Spartina alterniflora occur in mud flat areas, these areas are designated in a similar manner (e.g., Spartina altemiflora/mud flat). In the event that mud flat predominates an area, the order of the type name is reversed (i.e., mud flat/Spartina alterniflora).

Phragmites is also a co- or sub-dominant species within some areas mapped as this category.EEP09046 9 June 19, 2009 153.402M W Descriptions of the primary cover types that occur within this category are.provided in the following sections.III.A.1 .a Spartina alterniflora The Spartina alterniflora cover type represents areas that have developed"complete" coverage by this species. Both tall and short forms are represented by this cover type. The tall form reaches heights of between 120 and 200 Cm and occurs along the margins of creeks, guts, channels, and in other areas thatare subject to daily tidal inundation.

The short form is generally 30 to 60 cm high and occurs either in areas of higher marsh surface elevation or on the normally flooded marsh plain inland from the creek channels.

In some cases other species, including Spartina cynosuroides, Scirpus robustus, and Amaranthus cannabinus, also occur as co-dominants in this community.

IIl.A.1.b High Marsh The high marsh cover type includes a variety of coastal species that are generally found at an elevation above mean high water (MHW). Depending on the particular location, it may contain Spartina patens, Distichlis spicata, Iva frutescens, Baccharis halimifolia, Panicum virgatum, and Phragmites.

III.A.1.c Typha spp.The Typha spp. cover type includes areas dominated by Typha latifolia and Typha angustifolia.

These species generally occur in the lower-salinity areas of the estuary and have become established over large areas of the Phragmites-dominated sites following the application of glyphosate with a surfactant and prescribed burning.Ill.A.1.d Mixed Marsh The mixed marsh cover includes a mixture of desirable naturally occurring marsh vegetation and Phragmites, with no individual species dominating over large-enough areas to be interpreted as species-dominated polygons.

Species which may be found in this community type include Spartina alterniflora, Spartina cynosuroides, Typha latifolia, Typha angustifolia, Scirpus robustus, Scirpus olneyi, Echinochloa walteri, Atriplex patula, and Phragmites (usually a stunted growth form). Phragmites remains as a co- or sub-dominant species in mixed marsh areas, occurring in small (<1 acre) colonies or as individual plants within areas of desirable vegetation.

III.A.2 Phragmites-Dominated Vegetation This cover category includes larger areas (>1 acre) dominated by living monotypic stands of Phragmites and areas treated with glyphosate with a 0 EEP09046 10 June.19, 2009 153.402M surfactant that have remaining dead culms present (e.g., areas that have not been burned).Ill.A.2.a Phragmites australis Stands of Phragmites occur at the wetland restoration sites. At the salt hay farm restoration sites, this -community is usually found as an isolated cover type in disturbed areas such as dikes, ditch and road edges, and on natural creek levees. At the Phragmites-dominated sites, the cover type had occurred over large areas of the marsh plain prior to the initiation of the spray and burn program. Following the spray and burn program, the extent of Phragmites cover type at these sites has been generally reduced. Although Phragmites usually forms monotypic stands, species, such as Iva frutescens, Baccharis halimofolia, and Atriplex patula may also be present in this community, especially along the upland edge.11I.A.2.b Dead Phragmites Monotypic stands of Phragmites that were treated with glyphosate with a surfactant but were not burned are delineated as the dead Phragmites australis cover type. This type is included in the Phragmites-dominated vegetation category because the dead culms mask the underlying vegetation; therefore, the establishment of desirable marsh vegetation cannot be interpreted from the aerial photography.

As these culms are removed by natural processes (e.g., storm tides, ice flows) or by mechanical means through continued restoration activities, the marsh plain will be exposed and these areas will likely become vegetated with Spartina altemiflora or other desirable naturally occurring marsh vegetation.

lII.A.3 Non-Vegetated Marsh Plain Various cover types within the marsh plain that are not vegetated by macrophytes are included in this category.IIl.A.3.a Mud Flat Mud flat is primarily a transitional cover type that precedes the establishment of desirable vegetation.

Mud flat areas that were exposed (i.e., not covered by water) at the time of the aerial photography for each year were delineated as this cover type. During many high tides these areas are inundated.

Sparse (< 30 percent cover) vegetation may be present that cannot be detected on the aerial photography.

EEP09046 153.402M 11 June 19, 2009 0 III.A.3.b Wrack In some areas, the marsh plain is covered by fallen dead Phragmites stems and/or other dead marsh vegetation that has been deposited by the tidesobscuring the marsh surface.III.A.4 Internal Water Areas Areas that were covered by surface water at the time of the aerial photography (low tide) were designated as internal water areas. While the photography is acquired during a predicted low tide period each year, meteorological conditions (i.e. wind) at the time of the flight may affect the amount of surface water present on the marsh plain and within channels.

These areas generally do not support any significant vegetation.

IIl.A.4.a Channels and Channel Banks This cover type consists of unvegetated areas within tidal creeks at the wetland restoration sites and channels with water present at the time the photography was acquired (low tide) as well as exposed channel banks.III.A.4.b Ponded Water The ponded water cover type represents areas within the restoration sites that are hydrologically isolated and remain inundated at low tide.III.A.5 Open Water Open water includes small portions of major water bodies (e.g., Delaware Bay)that occur within the restoration area.III.A.6 Upland Vegetation

/,Miscellaneous Cover Areas that are within the site boundary, but at an elevation above the marsh plain, are grouped into the upland vegetation/miscellaneous cover category.Cover types in this category may include agricultural fields, deciduous forest, developed land, dikes, and roads.III.B Hydrology Restoration of hydrologic conditions at the wetland restoration sites is measured by both direct measurements of tidal inundation (including hydroperiod) and hydrogeomorphic channel analysis.

Hydrogeomorphic mapping of wetland restoration sites is based on the same aerial photography obtained for vegetationmapping. The mapping product utilized to perform the hydrogeomorphic analyses are vector land-based maps that show the locations of channels, dikes, 0 EEP09046 12 June 19, 2009 153.402M roads and other non-vegetative features of the sites that are related to the restoration of tidal flow and aquatic habitats at the wetland restoration sites.III.B.1 Hydrogeomorphic Channel Analysis Hydrogeomorphic channel analysis is being used to analyze channel development at the restoration sites. Low channel density can impede or restrict water reaching the marsh plain. The number and size of tidal channels within natural marsh systems have evolved over time so that tidal waters flow onto and off the marsh plain in such a manner that Spartina spp. and other desirable,naturally occurring marsh vegetation grows within the tidal influence zone.III.B.2 Direct Measurements of Tidal Elevation A tidal monitoring program was established to measure tidal ranges at the ACW site. The objective of the monitoring program was to provide quantitative measurements of water surface elevations within the site. The tide gauges were positioned'in the marsh channels.

Gauges located in tidal channels were positioned to characterize the tidal elevations throughout the site. The tidal elevation data are used to calculate the hydroperiod that is representative of the marsh plain elevations in the area around each tide gauge.IV SUCCESS CRITERIA AND ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT IV.A Success Criteria PSEG's wetlands restoration project was developed to provide permanent ecological benefits to the estuary. Special Conditions of the NJPDES Permit provide that PSEG must restore normal daily tidal inundation to the salt hay farmwetland restoration sites and encourage the growth of desirable vegetation species. Interim and final criteria were established to define restoration success based on conditions observed at the time course reference marshes over a period of time. Both the interim and final success criteria encompass vegetation coverage and hydrologic criteria that define the ability of the site to contribute to the productivity of the estuary and satisfy the Special Conditions.

The success criteria are included in the Management Plan for each of the sites.The end of the restoration process is anticipated to be no later than the, twelfth year of monitoring.

The following vegetation and hydrologic end-points are anticipated at the wetland restoration sites: e No less than 95 percent of the marsh plain (76 percent of the total marsh) willbe colonized by desirable vegetation; Phragmites coverage will be reduced to less than 5 percent of the totalvegetated area of the marsh plain (less than 4 percent of the total marsh);and EEP09046 153.402M 13 June 19, 2009

• Open water and associated intertidal mud flat constituents of the restored sites will be targeted to be less than 20 percent of the total marsh area.Interim evaluation criteria were developed to monitor and document progress to ensure that the sites are moving toward successful restoration.

The interim hydrologic criterion will be satisfied if normal tidal flow is demonstrated at the end of three years following completion of restoration construction activities.

Tidal flow is monitored with several parameters, including the size (class) of tidal channels, the number and length of channels of each order, and their spatial density. These characteristics affect flooding and draining of the marsh surface and habitat for fish. Other tidal flow parameters include water elevations (measured with tide gauges) and marsh plain elevation (measured by survey) to allow computation of hydroperiod.

The interim vegetation criterion is satisfied at the wetland restoration sites when at least 45 percent coverage by desirable marsh vegetation is attained.

For the Phragmites-dominated restoration sites, this vegetation criterion is expected to be satisfied after six growing seasons. This time frame includes a one-year lag following the completion of restoration implementation activities before revegetation commences.

IV. B Adaptive Management To ensure the Success Criteria for the wetland restoration sites will be met, thresholds in the form of trends or trajectories have been developed against which the Adaptive Management Team and PSEG will monitor the progress of wetland restoration.

Defined Variances from the expected trends or trajectories"triggers" the need for further formal evaluation of potential problems to determine an appropriate course of action. Upon determination that corrective measures are necessary, PSEG, in consultation with members of the EEPAC and the resource management agencies, will evaluate feasible alternatives for the resolution of an identified problem. Upon review and approval of the proposed corrective measure(s) by NJDEP, PSEG will initiate implementation of the appropriate corrective measures.

The Adaptive Management Process is shown in Figure 2.The thresholds relate directly to the Success Criteria, and address two categories:

hydrology and vegetation.

Because achieving the appropriate hydrology is essential for restoration success, several hydrologic thresholds are included that will ensure a natural tidal cycle in the restored marshes. The hydrologic thresholds that would trigger further action include:* Excessive ponding. Because excessive ponding on the marsh surface at low tide will prevent recolonization by Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation, it is important to design the restoration to allow the marsh plain to drain fully. To safeguard against improper drainage, a EEP09046 14 June 19, 2009 153.402M threshold is proposed whereby standing water persistently remaining on more than 25 percent of the marsh plain during normal low tides after a one-year lag (in Phragmites-dominated marshes) would trigger the Adaptive Management Process.Upland flooding.

Unanticipated flooding of upland areas outside the restoration areas is unlikely, but could occur as a result of storm water retention by upland berms or tidal flooding following restoration.

In either case, the Adaptive Management trigger would be the presence of extensive standing water on a persistent basis. Single-event flooding, e.g., flooding associated with an exceptional storm, would not trigger corrective action. Repeat flooding associated with routine storm events would trigger the Adaptive Management Process.Tidal occlusion.

For the restoration to meet its final objectives, tidal flow must be relatively unobstructed in areas of the restoration sites where channels were constructed.

Persistent closure of either existing or engineered creeks would trigger further evaluation and possible implementation of the Adaptive Management Process.The relatively rapid recolonization of the marsh plain by Spartina species and other desirable marsh vegetation with a concurrent reduction in Phragmites coverage is a primary focus of the marsh restoration effort. Anticipated recolonization rates for Spartina species with other desirable marsh vegetation have been developed from scientific literature and from historic data to provide a frame of reference for the restoration progress.

Severe and/or persistent downward departures from the proposed rates will require implementation of corrective measures.

The proposed vegetative thresholds that would trigger further action at the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites include: " The areal coverage of Spartina species with other desirable marsh vegetation falls below the expected increasing trajectory shown in Figure 3 for two consecutive years after a one-year post-construction lag." The areal coverage of Phragmites-dominated vegetation exceeds the expected decreasing trajectory shown in Figure 3 for two consecutive years after a one-year post-construction lag.Surpassing any of these threshold limits will trigger further evaluation through the Adaptive Management Process, and the implementation of NJDEP-approved corrective measures.

Also, additional data collection and/or corrective measuresmay be implemented as approved by the NJDEP at areas that are not progressing as anticipated or which are approaching a threshold limit.EEP09046 15 June 19, 2009 153.402M Potential corrective actions for the hydrologic and vegetative adaptive management threshold triggers at the wetland restoration sites are discussed in the appropriate Management Plans.V SITE STATUS ASSESSMENT Initial restoration activities at the ACW site were completed in August 1999, and the anticipated one-year lag expected at the Phragmites-dominated wetland restoration sites, extended through the growing season of 2000. The 2008'growing season represents, the eighth full growing season following both implementation completion and the expected one-year lag period. The ACW site is on a trajectory for. successful restoration in accordance with the success criteria.V.A Vegetative Coverage The implementation phase of wetland restoration at the ACW site was initiated in'1996 with the first application of glyphosate with a surfactant and completed in August 1999 with the implementation of microtopography, mowing and seeding.The cover type areas for 1996 represent pre-restoration conditions within the wetland restoration area at this site. The data for 2008 represents conditions for the eighth full growing season following both implementation and the expected one-year lag period.The vegetation characteristics at the ACW site have changed substantially since the beginning of the restoration program. Phragmites-dominated vegetation has decreased from 940 acres in 1996 (59 percent of the total marsh) to 125 acres in 2008 (less than eight percent of the total marsh). Since 1996, Phragmites-dominated vegetative coverage of the total marsh has been reduced by over 50% as measured in 2008.Spartina spp. and other desirable, naturally occurring marsh vegetation without Phragmites has increased from approximately 396 acres (25 percent of the total marsh) in 1996 to 1134 acres (71 percent of the total marsh) in 2008. Areas of desirable marsh vegetation mixed with Phragmites occurred over an additional 62 acres. Since 1996, the coverage of Spartina spp. and other desirable marsh vegetation without Phragmites has increased by approximately 738 acres, as measured in 2008.Maps and data relating to the ACW site as follows are provided:* The distribution of cover categories at the ACW site in 1996 and 2008 are shown in Figures 4 and 5, respectively, and EEP09046 153.402M 16 June 19, 2009 Area determinations and percentages for each cover category and cover type identified within the wetland restoration area at this site in 1996 through 2008 are presented in Table 1 and represented in Figure 6.V.B Hydrologic Conditions V.B.1 Hydrogeomorphology The results for the 1996 through the 2008 hydrogeomorphic channel class analysis for the ACW site are shown in Table 2. In 1996, 13 channel classes were measured, while in 2008 the number of channel classes increased to 30.The drainage density (linear feet of channels/acre), shown in Figure 6, increased from 168 ft/acre in 1996 to 690 ft/acre in 2008.V.B.2 Hydrology A tidal monitoring system was established to measure tidal ranges at the ACW site. The objective of the monitoring program was to provide quantitative measurements of the hydroperiods within the restoration site.A full description of the monitoring program was provided in PSEG's Permit Renewal Application, NJPDES Permit No. NJ00056222, Appendix G, Exhibit G-2-3. The data collected in 1998 demonstrated that the site has a hydroperiod that will support Spartina spp. and other desirable, naturally occurring marsh vegetation.

As the hydrologic criterion was met in 1998, tidal monitoring was discontinued.

V.C Adaptive Management Field Observations Implementation activities were completed in September 1999, and 2008 represents the eighth full growing season following restoration activities and the expected one-year lag period. Field observations at the ACW site are positive.The majority of the areas that have been treated with glyphosate with a surfactant have re-vegetated with desirable vegetation.

Based upon field observations, much of the Phragmites within the southern and eastern portions ofthe site has been controlled, with a few remnant pockets of Phragmitesremaining. This area has re-vegetated with Spartina alterniflora and other desirable species.There has been significant improvement of Phragmites control observed in the western portion of the restoration area with re-vegetation by Spartina altemiflora and mixed marsh vegetation.

Limited Phragmites re-growth has been observed, however, it is predominately located within areas that were part of the test area program. These areas were not treated for several years as they were being monitored as part of a test area program. Glyphosate treatment to Phragmites within these former test areas was resumed during 2003 and 2005.

Scattered EEP09046 17 June 19, 2009 153.402M regrowth.

of Phragmites has also been observed within areas of dead standing culms.Based upon routinefield inspections the majority of remaining Phragmites occurs in isolated patches, in ribbons along creek banks and interspersed with desirable vegetation.

Few.large monotypic stands of Phragmites are present.Also observed during the 2008 inspections was a significant amount of wrack on the marsh plain. Typically, this wrack is composed of both dead Phragmites culms as well as other vegetation.

These areas of wrack were primarily dominated by desirable vegetation during the 2007 growing season, but supported sparse or no vegetation during 2008. The source of the excessive wrack is believed to be the result of a significant storm event during May 2008..In general, the slopes of the creek banks within portions of the site that remainPhragmites-dominated are steep with little intertidal habitat. In areas where the Phragmites has been controlled, the creek banks are starting to slump and provide areas for mud flat development and Spartina alterniflora colonization.

The cover type mapping supports the observed increase of inter-tidal habitat.Most of the marsh plain within the restoration boundary is no longer a flat, table-top like surface. The underground rhizomes have begun to, decompose and small channels are appearing that were previously covered with trapped sediments within the Phragmites rhizome system. In addition to these small channels or rivulets, much of the marsh plain has become "hummocky", similar to that of healthy, natural Spartina marshes in this region.V.D Adaptive Management Triggers No triggers have been met or exceeded at the ACW site.VI

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONSThe implementation phase of the ACW site restoration process was completed in August 1999. The restoration process moved into the Adaptive Management phase on September 1, 1999. Following the completion of initial restoration implementation activities, a one-year lag is expected in revegetation at the Phragmites-dominated sites. The 2008 growing season represents the eighth full growing season following both the implementation phase and the expected one-year lag period.The interim vegetative criterion is satisfied when

->45 percent of the marsh plain (36 percent of the total marsh) is colonized by Spartina spp. and other desirablemarsh vegetation.

This vegetation criterion at the ACW site was required, and was met, prior to October 2005.

In 1996, before the start of restoration activities, EEP09046 1 53.402M 18 June 19, 2009 desirable vegetation accounted for less than 25% of the restoration area. In.2008, Spartina spp. and other desirable species without Phragmites accounted for 71% of the total marsh, and 87% of the vegetated marsh plain. Spartina spp.and other desirable species with scattered Phragmites accounted for an additional 4% of the total marsh. Based upon this data, the interim vegetative success criterion has been met at the ACW site, and this site is rapidly approaching the final success criterion.

Correspondingly, the Phragmites-dominated vegetation coverage has decreased from 59% of the site in 1996 to less than 8% in 2008.The interim hydrologic criterion is satisfied at the Phragmites-dominated restoration sites if normal tidal flow is demonstrated at the end of three years following completion of restoration.

The interim hydrologic criterion was satisfied in 1998.The 2008 vegetation data represents the eighth full growing season data following the expected one-year lag period and the completion of initial implementation activities.

Re-vegetation with desirable marsh vegetation is occurring as expected and the site is expected to meet the final vegetation success criterion ahead of schedule.EEP09046 153.402M 19 June 19, 2009 WVII" REFERENCES PSEG. 1996. Biological Monitoring Program 1995 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG. 1997. Biological Monitoring Program 1996 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG. 1998. Biological Monitoring Program 1997 Annual Report, Chapter 9.PSEG. 1999. Permit Renewal Application, NJPDES Permit No. NJ0005622, Appendix G, Exhibit G-2-4.PSEG 2000. Biological Monitoring Program 1999 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2001. Biological Monitoring Program 2000 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2002. Biological Monitoring Program 2001 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2003. Biological Monitoring Program 2002 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2004. Biological Monitoring Program 2003 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2005. Biological Monitoring Program 2004 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2006. Biological Monitoring Program 2005 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2007. Biological Monitoring Program 2006 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2008. Biological Monitoring Program 2007 Annual Report, Chapter 8.PSEG 2009. Biological Monitoring Program 2008 Annual Report, Chapter 8.Tiner, R. 1998. Personal electronic communication to R. Hinkle, URS Greiner Woodward Clyde. 10 August.EEP09046 20 June 19, 2009 153.402M

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oo% 20', o o0' 2c 4 2 0 -% 02% 0 24 005. 00di 2od i0 0 00! 0 0. 4 2' 0 00O4 0 2 04 020 4 0 254 005 20 054 0054 0 00!

0054 0 105 0254 0 0D,2 100; 0 001' 02'. 0 0 2 4 oo% 2I054 0054 2

-05 00. 00 5o 0 004o 0 o0! 0054 005, 004 0 105 025 2 2.05 00'; 0 o00 00" 2 225 0o 4 o o0 2 205 0 2o ISofoodt'o,602 00% 2 00 014 i01 O00"% 00'.j 2 224 221 2 0.; 2254 0054 20.25. 225420.2'.;

0054 220'.2; O025420 2'. 00' 2Olf ~a, 2O25220 ,0 05 o 2 02!o; 005, 025, 0 ,. 1. 4 -45 D 0204 4. -D 4. 0D 2 I2 44 D D, D 4 4ý -1 !17- o Daeg r Duttl Dy .o Del c D~ Des Dti Dd a oilag Du oo Io~1,00 N2 2042 20 2% ." t; 20 04 D0 1 2002 112% 1; 2D02 200 2002 ..1 0 200;0- -10% 2 .12 200" 0 .100 0' 3- 40 -0,41 4 1 P- 20., D000 1%.0D02IODoo0o)o .o0o T-bl I Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site-1996-2008 Geomorphic Sumnary Site Channel Number Sinuous Average Site Drainage Channel % of Tota Length Bifrcation AverageLength Length Area Density Freq Channel Ratio Ratio Channel (feet) (feet) (acres) (ft/acre) aency Length Sinuosity 1996 13 2 299 149 1,601 168 0,001 0.1% 0.5 -- 1.24 12 2 565 283 U001 0,2% 14 1.0 1,02 11 2 414 207 0.001 0.2% 0.1 1.0 1.19 10 5 4408 882 .0,003 1.6% 0.4 2.5 1.13 9 19 11691 615 0.012 4.4% 2.2 3.8 1.188 18 5349 297 0.011 2.0% 0.3 0.9 1.i1 7 42 21291 507 0.026 7.9% 0.6 2.3 1.22 6 75 34063 454 0.047 12.7% 0.9 1.8 1.21 5 129 39777 308 0.081 14.8% 0.7 1.7 1.19 4 182 59251 326 0.114 22.1% 0.9 1.4 1.263 209 66493 318 0.131 24.8% 9.6 1.1 1.20 2 23 6897 300 0.014 2.6% 0.4 0.1 1.08 1 45 17944 399 0.028 6.7%

-- 2.0 1.16 Total 753 268,442 0.470 100.0%1997 10 3 478 159 1,601 240 0.002 0.1% 0.3 1.27 9 13 1546 119 0.008 0.4% 0.4 4.3 1.18 8 ý30 3766 126 0.019 1.0% 0.3 2.3 1.17 7 82 12447 152 0.051 3.2%

.0.6 2.7 1.18 6" 130 21744 167 0.081 5.7%

0.6 1.6 1.19 5 233 34553 148 0.146 9.0% 0.4 1.8 1.16 4 535 95147 178 0.334 24.7% 0.8 2.3 1.21 3 512 118412 231 0.320 30.8% 2.6 1.0 1.21 2 73 46119 632 0.046 12.0% 0.9 0.1 1.13 I 86 50563 588 0.054 13.1% -- 1.2 1.19 Total 1,697 384,775 1.060 100.0%1998 17 7 462 66 1,601 391 0.004 , 0.1% 2.1 -- 1.16 16 7 222 32 0.004 0.0% 0.4 1.0 1.08 15 13 587 45 0.008 0.1% 0.3 1.9 1.11 14 .35 1884 54. 0.022 0.3% 0.6 2.7 1.11 13 54 3394 63 0.034 0.5% 0.8 1.5 1.11 12 80 4502 56 0.050 0.7% 0.6 1.5 1.20 11 118 6960 59 0.074 1.1% 0.6 1.5 1.11 10 182 12017 66 0.114 1.9% 0.7 15 1.15 9 252 16425 65 0.157 2.6% 0.6 1.4 1.12 8 .376 25813 69 0.235 4.1% 0.7 1.5 1.12 7 564 38598 68 0.352 6ý2% 0.6 1.5 1.11 6 798 61449 77 0.498 9.8% 0.7 1.4 1.12, 5 1015 86596 85 0.634 13.8% 0.7 1.3 1.14 4 1176 126443 108 0.735 20.2%

0.9 1.2 1.15 3 955 135114 141 0.597 21.6%

2.8 , 0.8 1.22 2 80 48981 612 0050. 7.8% 0.9 01 116 1 91 55819 613 0.057 8.9% -- 1.1 1.19 Total 5,803 625,268 1 3.625 100.0%1999 16 3 151 50 1,601 415 0.002 0.0% 0.6 -- 1.05 15 .7 245 35- 0.004 0.0% 0.1 2.3 1.03 14 25 3337 133 0.016 0.5% 0.7 3.6 1.07 13 45 4575 102 0.028 0.7% 0.8 1.8 1.09 12 79 5678 72 0.049 0.9% 0.5 1.8 1.18 11 117 10821 92 0.073 1.6% 0.5 1.5 1.09 10 195 20652 106 0.122 3.1% 0.6 1.7 1.16" 9 276 36860 '134 0.172 5.5% 0.8 1.4 1.10 8 441 43562 99 0.275 6.6% 0.8 1.6 1.18 7 674 57234 85. 0.421 8.6% 0.7 1.5 1.12 6 906 80231 89 0.566 12.1% 0.7 1.3 1.12 5 1141 119851 105 0.713 18.0% 0.9 1.3 1.13 4 1276 126666 99 0.797 19.1% 0.9 1.1 1.15 3 1071 135893 127 0.669 20.4% 21.3 0.8 1.15 2 80 6383 80 0.050 1.0% 0.5 0.1 1.161 91 12416 136 0.057 1.9% -- 1.1 1.19 Total 6,427 6164,555 1 1 4.014 100.0% 1 0 Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site 1996-2008 Geomorphic Summary Sinuous Average Site Drainage % of Total Average Channel Number Dniy Channel Length Bifurcation Chne Site Length Length Area Density Channel Channel Class f hannels (feet) (feet) (acres) (fl/acre)

Frequency Length Ratio Ratio Sinuosity 2000 18 1 38 38 1,601 434 0.001 0.0% 0.4 -- 1.04 17 4 93 23 0.002 0.0% 0.1 4.0 1.10 16 8 652 81 0.005 0.1% 1.4 2.0 1.10 15 10 4 458 46 0.006 0.1% 0.6 1.3 1.0314 18 805 45 0.011 0.1% 0.3 1.8 1.08 13 32 2437 76 0.020 0.4% 0.7 1.8 1.15 12 52 3359 65 0.032 0.5% 0.5 1.6 1.09 11 94 6393 68 0.059 0.9% 0.6 1.8 111 10 169 11566 68 0.106 1.7% 0.6 1.8 1.20 9 247 18283 74 0:154 2.6% 0.6 1.5 1.13 8 416 30405 73 0.260 4.4% 0.6 1.7 1.13 7 727 54692 75 0.454 7.9% 0.7 1.7 1.12 6 968 74300 77 0.605 10ý7% 0.7 1.3 113 5 1219 99343 81 0.761 14.3% 0.7 1.3 1.12 4 1362 136945 101 0.851 19.7% 0.9 1.1 1.14 3 1153 149352 130 0.720 21.5% 3.1 0.8 1.15 2 84 48937 583 0.052 7.0% 0.9 0.1 1.16 1 109 57165 524

.0.068 82% -- 1.3 1.19 Total 6,673 695,223 4.168 100ý0%2001 17

• 3 169 56 1,601 432 0.002 0.0% 0.3 -- 1.13 16 6 621 104 0.004 0.1% 1.2 2.0 1.06 15 10 509 51 0.006 0.1% 0.5 1.7 1.03 14 16 1068 67 0.010 0.2% 0.2 1.6 1.09 13 26 5299 204 0.016. 0.8% 1.5 1.6 1.16 12 43 3600 84 0.027 0.5% 0.2 1.7 1.09 II 86 17939 209 0.054 2.6% 0.8 2.0 1.11 10 156 22601 145 0.097 3.3% 1.0 1.8 1.21 9 224 23494 105 0.140 3.4% 0.7 1.4 1.12 8 391 31497 81 0.244 4.6% 0.4 1.7 1.13 7 678 76650 113 0.423 11.1% 0.9 17 1.12 6 925 86683 94 0.578 12.5% 0.8 1.4. 1.13 5 1191

• 109408 92 0.744 15.8% 0.7 1.3 1.13 4 1345 157856 117 0.840 22.8% 1.1 1.1 1.14 3 1137 138498 122 0.710 20.0% 23.8 0.8 1.15 2 80 5818 73 0.050 0.8% 0.6 0.1 1.16 1 94 9336 99 0.059 1 4% -- 1.2 1.19 Total 6,411 691,035 4.004 100.0%2002 18 4 527 132 1,601 447 0.002 0.1% 2.4 -- 1.0717 5 219 44 0.003 0.0% 0.5 1.3 1.09 16 6 430 72 0.004 0.1% 1.5 1.2 1.06 15 10 287 29 0.006 0.0% 0.4 1.7 1.03 14 16 727 45 0.010 0.1% 0.4 1.6 1.07 13 28 1895 68 0.017 0.3% 0.6 1.8 1.16 12 42 3002 71 0.026 0.4% 0.5 1.5 1.08 I1 87 6248 72 0.054 0.9% 0.6 2.1 1.12 10 160 11004 69 0.100 1.5% 0.6 1.8 1.16 9 246 19078 78 0.154 2.7% 0.6 1L5 1.12 8 419 31958 76 0.262 4.5% 0.6 1.7 1.13 7 693 51153 74 0.433 7.1% 0.7 1.7 1.13 6 935 74586 80 0.584 10.4% 0.7 1.3 1.15 5 1184 100842 85 0.740 14.1% 0.7 1.3 1.13 4 1371 140283 102 0.856 19.6% 1.0 1.2 1.15 3 1121 146684 131 0.700 20.5% 2.8 08. 1.14 2 76 51956 684 0.047 7.3% 0.7 0,1 1.16 1 85 75430 887 0.053 10.5% -- 1.1 1.18 Total 6,488 716,307 4.052 100.0%0 Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site 1996-2008 Geomorphic Summary Channel Nmber .Sinuous Average Site Drainage Channel % ofTotal Length Bifurcation Average Site Class ofChannels Length Length Area Density Frequency Channel Ratio Ratio Channel(feet) (feet) (acres) (ft/acre)

Length Sinuosity 2003 18 4 527 132 1,601 449 0.002 0.1% 2.4 -- 1.0717 5 219 44 0.003 0.0% 0.5 1.3 1.09 16 6 430 72 0.004 0.1% 0.9 1.2 1.06 15 .12 458 38 0.007 0.1% 0.5 2.0 1.03 14 20 925 46 0.012 0.1% 0.5 1.7 1.07.13 31 2039 66 0.019 0.3% 07 1.6 1.16 12 47 3094 66 0.029 0.4% 0.5 1.5 1.08 11 92 6734 73 0.057 0.9% 0.6 2.0 1.12 10 159 10679 67 0.099 1.5% 0.5 1.7 .1.169 283 19447 69 0.177 2.7% .0.6 1.8 1.128 457 32690 72 0.285 4.6% 0.6 1.6 1.13 7 752 52210 69 0.470 7.3% 0.7 1.6 1.13 6 1029 78291 76 0.643 10.9% 0.7. 1.4 1.15 5 1371 107397 78 0.856 15.0% 0.7 1.3 1.134 1532 144638 94 0.957 20.1% 0.9 1.1 1.15 3 1242 153279 123 0.776 21.3% 314 0.8 1.14 2 80 44885 561 0.050 6.3% 0.7 0.1 1.16.1 117 60121 514 0.073 8.4%

-- 1.5 1.18 Total 7,239 718,064. 4.522 100.0%2004 17 4 281 70 1,601 482 0.002 0.0% 0.8 -- 1.08 16 9 369 41 0.006 0.0% 0.5 2.3 1.05 15 14 715 51 .0.009 0.1% 0.5 1.6 1.11 14 24 1499 62 0.015 0.2% 0.7 1.7 1.1I 13 34 2213 65 0.021 0.3% 0.5 1.4 1.17 12 62 4408 71 0.039 0.6% 0.6 1.8 1.13 11 109 7315 67 0.068 0.9% 0.6 1.8 1.1110 173 11889 69 0.108 1.5% 0.5 1.6 1.15 9 309 22579 73 0.193 2.9% 0.6 1.8 1.19 8 511 37049 73 0.319 4.8% 0.6 1.7 1.12 7 830 63012 76 0.518 8.2% 07 1.6 1.12 6 1111 86468 78 0.694 11.2% 0.7 1.3 1:13 5 1443 116265 81 0.901 15.1% 0.8 1.3 1.134 1586 150341 95 0.991 19.5% 0.9 1:1 1.14 3 1302 .159956 123 0.813 20.7%

3.4 0.8 1L142 85 46407 546 0.053 6.0% 0.8 0.1 1.15 1 120 60903 508 0.075 7.9% -- 1.4 1.19 Total 7,726 771,670 4.826 100.0%2005 19 2 155 78 1,601 484 0.001 0.0% 1.2 -- 1.09 18 2 128 64 0.001 0.0% 0.2 1.0 1.05 17 4 547 137 0.002 0.1% 1.3 2.0 1.23 16 8 418 52 0.005 0.1% 0.5 2.0 1.09 15 18 868 48 0.011 0.1% 0.8 2.3 1.12 14 22 1157 .53 0.014 0.1% 0.3 1.2 1.0813 51 3835 75 0.032 0.5% 0.9 2.3 1.14 12 72 4297 60 0.045 0.6% 0.5 1.4 1.11 11 118 8345 71 0.074 1.1% 0.9 1.6 1.1110 153 9746 64 0.096 1.3% 0.5 1.3 1.12 9 285 20530 72 0.178 26% 05 19 1.13 8 547 39538 72 0.342 5.1% 0.6 1.9 1.12 7 837 62653 75 0.523 8.1% 0.7 1.5 1.12 6 1097 86380 79 0.685 11..1% 0.7 1.3 1.14 5 1402 116765 83 0.876 15.1% 0.8 1.3 1.13 4 1539 154116 100 0.961 19.9% 1.0 1.1 1.16 3 1233 155556 126 0.770 20.1% 3.1 0.8 1.14 2 81 49961 617 0.051 6.4% 0.8 0.1 1.15 1 94 59931 638 0.059 7.7% -- 1.2 1.18 Total 7,565 774,927 4.725 100.0% 1 1 Table 2 Allowvay Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site 1996-2008 Geomorphic Summary% of otalAverage Channel Number Sinuous Average Site Drainage Channel %hannel Length Bifoarcation Aragel Site Length Length Area Density Channel Channel (feet) (feet) (acres) (fl/acre)

Length Sinuosity 2006 20 2 155 78 1,601 523 0.001 0.0%

1.2 -- 1.09 19 2 128 64 0.001 0.0% 0.6 1.0 1.05 18 2 228 114 0.001 0.0% 0.3 1.0 1.19 17 8 688 86 0.005 0.1% 1.1 4.0 1.1016 13 619 48 0.008 0.1% 0.3 1.6 1.08 15 24 1773 74 0.015 0.2% 0.9 1.8 1.13 14 29 1869 64 0.018 0.2% 0.4 1.2 1.11 13 60 4368 73 0037 0.5% 0.8 2.1 1.14 12 90 5419 60 0.056 0.6% 0.4 1.5 1.10 11 152 10292 68 0.095 1.2% 0.3 1.7 1.10 10 213 14438- 68 .0.133 1.7% 0.5 1.4 1.12 9 424 29489 70 0.265 3.5% 06 2.0 1.11 8. 689 48349 70 0.430 5.8% 0.7 1.6 1.1 7 1003 74024 74 0.626 8.8% 0.8 1.5 1.12 6 1258 96026 76 0.786 11.5% 0.8 1.3 1.13 5 1560 126125 81 0.974 15.1% 08 1.2 1.13 4 1702 156956 92 1.063 188% 10 1.1 1.15 3 1356 159468 118 0.847 19.1% 3.4 0.8 1.2781 46407 573 0.051 5.5%

0.8 0.1 1.16 1 94 60272 641 0.059 7.2% -- 1.2 1.18 Total 8;762 837,092 5.473 100.0%1/2007 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 II 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 2 .2 3 4 2 6 8 10 7 6 7 9 14 11 10 10 7 5 6 4 2 1 2 4 6 5 8 6 4 4 8 7 21 24 31 51 93 174 246 374 592 938 1308 1688 2040 2101 1668 81 94 59 41 16 42 31 149 S19 80 192 253 160 140 166 169 449 205 176 228 147 154 358 135 37 2 18 99 213 134 464 388 125 153 353 455 1289 1205 2036 2999 6458 11512 14032 24803 40616 60194 90991 111964 147362 166865 172185 46414 60272 30 21 16 21 10 37 9 13 24 25 23 23 24 19 32 19 18 23 21 31 60 34 19 2 9 25 35 27 58 65 31 38 44 65 61 50 66 59 69 66 57 66 69 64 70 66 72 79 103 573 641 1,6011 604 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.009 0 007 0.006 0.006 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.00I 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.004 0.013 0.015 0.019 0.032 0.058 0.109 0154 0.234 0.370 0.586 0.817 1.054 1.274 1.312 1.042 0.051 0.059 0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0./0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0 0%0 0%0,0%0.0%0.0%0.0%/.0.0%

0.0%00%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%

0.0%0.0%

0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0,1%0.1%0.2%0.3%0.7%1.2%1.5%2.6%

4.2%62%9.4%11 6%15.2%17.3%17.8%4 8%6.2%1.4 2.6 0.4 1.4 0.2 7.9 02 04 0.8 1.6 1.1 0.8 1.0 04 2.2 1.2 0.8 1.5 1.0 0.4 2.7 3.6 23.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 16 03 1.2 3.1 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 07 0.8 0.8 0.9 10 3.7 0.8 1.0 0.5 20 1L5 1.3 0.5 3.0 1.3 1.3 0.7 0.9 12 1.3 1.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 0,7 0.7 1.2 0.7 0.5 05 2.0 2.0 1.5 0.8 1.6 0.8 0,7 1.0 2,0 0.9 3.0 1,1 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.9 14 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 0ý0 1.2 1.05 1.28 115 1.27 1,11 1.95 1.03 1.02 1.07 1.14 1.03 1.09 1.24 1.13.1,07 1.05 1.05 1.04 1.02 1.06 1.11 1.14 1.06 1.00 1.45 1.01 1.05 1.03 1.03 1.24 1.04 1.09 1.42 1.09 1.12 1.08 1.11 1.24 1.16 1.12 1.10 1.11 1.11 1.13 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.11 1.24 116 1.18 Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site 1996-2008 Geomorphic Summary Channel Number Sinuous Average Site Drainage Channel % of Total Average Sit Chnnl Nmbr ~ Ara D , hanelLength Bfrcation Channel S Clas ofChannels Length ength Area Denst eqency Channel Ratio Ratio (feet) (feet) (acres) (ft/acre)

Length Sinuosity Total 11,717 967,005 7319 100.0%0 Table 2 Alloway Creek Watershed Wetland Restoration Site-1996-2008 Geomorphic Summary Channel Number Sinuous Average Site Drainage % of Total Average Site Clanself0hNumber Length Length Area Density F Channel Length Bifrcation Channel Class fChannel (feet) (feet) (acres) (ft/acre)

Frequency Length Ratio Ratio n.re Length Sinuosity 2008 30 2 63 32 1,601 690 0.001 0.0% -- 0.5 1.01 29 4 95 24 0.002 0.0% 1.5 1.0 1.0328 4 195 49 0.002 0.0% 2.1 0.5 1.03 27 8 390 49 0.005 0.0% 2.0 0.9 1.0826 9 384 43 0.006 0.0% 1.0 0.9 1.07 25 t0 417 42 0.006 0.0% 1. 1.7 1.06 24 6 353 .59 0.004 0.0% 0.8 0.8 1.10 23 8 606 76 0.005 0.1% 1.7 1.0 1.05 22 8 361 45 0.005 0.0%

0.6 0.7 1.06 21 12 776 65 0.007 0.1% 22 1.0 1.13 20 12 369 31 0.007 0.0% 0.5 0.7 1.02 19 18 534 30 0.011 0.0% 1.4 0.5 1.04 18 33 1373 42 0.021 0.1% 2.6 0.6 1.08 17 59 2796 47 0.037 0.3% 2.0 0.6 1.09 16 104 4498 43 0.065 0.4% 1.6. 0.8 1.07 15 130 5983 46 0.081 0.5% 1.3 0.7 1.07 14 176 7997 45 0.110 0.7% 1.3 0.7 1.08 13 237 11323 48 0.148 1.0% 1.4 0.7 1.09 12 322 16613 52 0.201 1.5% 1.5 0.7 1.10 11 448 23951 53 0.280 2.2%

1.4 0.6 1.09 10 713 35543 50 0.445 3.2% 1.5 0.7 1.09 9 988 49976 51 0.617 4.5% 1.4 0.7 1.10 8 1449 75619 52 0.905 6.8% 1.5 0.8 1.09 7 1899 106780 56 1.186 9.7% 1.4 0.8 1.10 6 2334 134200 57 1.458 12.1% 1.3 0.9 1.12 5. 2592 155456 60 1.619 14.1% 1.2 1.0 1.10 4 2579 178842 69 1.611 16.2% 12 1.3 1.10 3 2004 183305 91 1.252 16.6% 1.0 24.7 1.12 2 81 46414 573 0.051 4.2% 0.3 0.9 1.16 1 94 60272 641 0.059 5.5% 1.3 -- 1.18 Total 16,343 1,105,485 10.208 100.0%0 0

-S USFE -ONA-mAN #WI=mu AW -OHI 001100 StNIWC VI!U FWATWE--xf~ nwi WO 1IN-t FLOW ZONE 500-WR FLOW ZOE OUT OF FLOW m I-I I I I ii'gill I-., WJE I -Lb~BASD) ON SEPTEMBER

7. 2001 CIR AERIAL PHOT07RAPHY BY SAE SYSTEMS ADR.PENNSAUKDE.

N.J.FEMA 03 FLOOD DATA CO-ROM. DISC 1B -SEPTEMBER 1996.0 3000 6000 SCALE (FEET)-I F1GLWE 3 FLOOD COAVITION8 ALLOWA Y CREEK WA 7TER&SED WE7LAAV RESTORA 77ON 817E SALEM OLUNTY, REW ERSEY IFRt CAD am~ OCT 16, 2=0 SClE I' -300U Q9-wACW-VLAM EKAMIN I I I I I I-oom -wmm wmae/mom um=m/Rim o w .i -m"msa" a,lTh OPSEG Fla". 4-VME~TA MV~ PEA TURES ALLOWA Y CREEK WA TBWWBE MELAW ~8RESTA 770M WIE BALEM COMMJ MEWI JERSEY on Off 186 200 scALE V -3O c~y~0 3000 6000SCALE (FEET)

/ II-SITE BOUNDARY I1R7 N WEILANO RESTORA11ON AREA I A BOUNDARY MICRO-TOPOGRAPHY AREA I~I____ EXISTING SURFACE WATER FEATURE \MARSH EDGE MOWING ZONE11 -l -, REMNANT DIKES GRADED IWO ADJACENT CREEKS SPOIL PILES GRADED LOCALLY TO A 1 MAXIMUM FNISHED GRADE OF EL 3.0 FT" NArD ll!I I REMNANT DIKES AND SPOIL PILES I /GRADED INTO 'UPLAND ISLANDS'/= S 'UPLAND ISLAND LOCATION I BASED ON OCTOBER

2. 1999 CIR J. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY BAE SYSTEMS ADR. PENNSAUKEN, N.J.4r0 PSEG VW FcoL CO.. ...ALLOWA Y, 0 3000 6000 W=TLAW RESTOR 8N WnE.0 3000 600 LOWER ALLOWA Y8 M AND I SCALE (FEET) 2. ORG O TOHW&'E-BALEM COTrOW AVW IflS CMADO W- DlEC, 20 5CAIE 1' -3W00FU F IO AM BIdAL 'JTMT N3)4 OVPMUMW 3 i,,, srre snUNDamy I-/:WETLAND RESTORATION AREA 1 BOUNDARY(M ICRI-TDPORIAPHY AREA EXISTING SURFACE WATER FEATURE t-MARSH EDGIE MOWING 2ONE REMNANT DIIKE GRACED INrrD ADJACENT CREEKS SPOIL PILES RADED LOCALLY TO A MAXIMUM FINISHED GRADE OF EL 3.0 FT WACD , REMNANT DIKES AND SPOIL PILES GRADED INTO 'UPLAND ISLANDS"* 'UPLAND ISLAND' LOCATION /ISLAND L'.o' 'BRIDGE 0 3000 6000 SCALE (FEET)

LEGEND--SITE BOUNDARY EXISTING SURFACE WATER FEATURE........ EXISTING ROADS Q PUBLIC USE FACILITY LOCATIONS ElmAUEAS WITHIN SITE EXCLUDED FROM PUBLIC USE (APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES)

IM WV 0-IA~O~~AA'4 I BASED ON SEPTEMBER

7. 2001 CIR AERLIA. PHOTOGRAPHY BY BAW SYSTEUS ADR, PENNSAUKEN, N.J.0 PSEC HANCOCKS BRIDGE FIGURE 6.4 PUBLIC USE AREAS 3000 6000 ALLOWA Y CREEK WA TERS'IED WETLAND RESTORATION SITE SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY SCALE (FEET)Uns CADD I- DATE UAY. 200 SCL -3000'FILE PULC S CHECKEQ RLHL~-- EXAMIINED--Al

Site Landcover GRIDCODE Landcover Acreage %2 High Intensity Developed 210.11 27.21 3 Medium Intensity Developed 48.64 6.30 4 Low Intensity Developed 54.21 7.02 5 Open Space Developed 53.90 6.98 6 Cultivated Land 1.79 0.23 9 Deciduous Forest 7.30 0.95 12 Scrub/Shrub 22.06 2.86 13 Palustrine Forested Wetland 3.58 0.46 14 Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 31.35 4.06 15 Palustrine Emergent Wetland 87.48 11.33 17 Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 0.68 0.09 18 Estuarine Emergent Wetland 227.25 29.42 19 Unconsolidated Shore 5.19 0.67 20 Bare Land 2.31 0.30 21 Water 16.46 2.13 Total _1 1 772.311 100.00 Page 1 of I

T-Vine Landcover GRIDCODE 1 Landcover Acreage %2 High Intensity Developed 50.33 0.87 3 Medium Intensity Developed 37.44 0.65 4 Low Intensity Developed 84.01 1.45 5 Open Space Developed 168.60 2.92 6 Cultivated Land 1342.28 23.24 7 Pasture/Hay 359.02 6.21 8 Grassland 30.44 0.53 9 Deciduous Forest 770.36 13.34 10 Evergreen Forest 58.15 1.01 11 Mixed Forest 126.20 2.18 12 Scrub/Shrub 665.87 11.53 13 Palustrine Forested Wetland 1102.98 19.09 14 Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 97.20 1.68 15 Palustrine Emergent Wetland 71.27 1.23 17 Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 2.41 0.04 18 Estuarine Emergent Wetland 657.19 11.38 19 Unconsolidated Shore 0.74 0.01 20 Bare Land 10.08 0.17 21 Water 142.28 2.46 Total 5776.85 100.00 Page 1 of I NON-PSEG Identification_Information:

Meta data for Salem/Hope Creek Site and transmission line rights of way.Citation:

NOAA. 2008. C-CAP zone 62 2006-Era Land Cover. CSC (Coastal Services Center)/Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP). http://csc.noaa.gov/crs/Ica/.

CitationInformation:

Originator:

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)

CSC (Coastal Services Center)/Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP)PublicationDate:

20080519 Title: C-CAP zone 62 2006-Era Land Cover Metadata GeospatialDataPresentationForm:

Map Publicationinformation:

Publication_Place:

Charleston SC Publisher:

NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center (CSC)Online_Linkage:

http://www.csc.noaa.gov/crs/Ica LargerWorkCitation:

CitationInformation:

Originator:

This layer is the 2006-era classification based on Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper)imagery. The C-CAP zone 62 2006-Era program list of products includes the classification of 1996-era Landsat data, 2001-era land cover, and change information.

PublicationDate:

20080519 Title: C-CAP US (United States) U.S. Great Lakes zone 62 2006-Era Land Cover Project PublicationInformation:

Publication_Place:

Charleston SC Publisher:

NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center (CSC)OtherCitationDetails:

This classification is based on Landsat TM scenes p017r031 5/2/2006 p018r031 8/13/2006 pO18r032 8/13/2006 9 p019r031 9/2/2005 pO19r032 5/13/2005

Description:

Abstract:

This is a final classification.

It is ready for distribution.

This data set is the 2006-era classification of U.S. Great Lakes Region, zone 62. This data set utilized 5 full or partial Landsat scenes which were analyzed according to the Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) protocol to determine land cover.Purpose: To improve the understanding of coastal uplands and wetlands, and their linkages with the distribution, abundance, and health of living marine resources.

TimePeriod ofContent:

Time Period Information:

Ra ngeofDates/Times:

BeginningDate:

20050513 Ending Date: 20060813 Currentness

Reference:

Date of the Landsat scenes Status:Progress: Complete Maintenance andUpdateFrequency:

5 years Spatial-Domain:

BoundingCoordinates:

WestBounding Coordinate:

-83.257580 EastBoundingCoordinate:

-78.856113 North_BoundingCoordinate:

42.590893 0 SouthBoundingCoordinate:

39.844287 Keywords: Theme: ThemeKeywordThesaurus:

ISO 19115 Topic Category ThemeKeyword:

ImageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme KeywordThesaurus:

None ThemeKeyword:

Land Cover Analysis Theme-Keyword:

Change Detection Analysis Theme Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery/Photos Place: PlaceKeywordThesaurus:

None Place-Keyword:

Coastal Zone Place-Keyword:

U.S. Great Lakes Region Place-Keyword:

Ohio Place-Keyword:

Pennsylvania AccessConstraints:

None, except for a possible fee.UseConstraints:

Data set is not for use in litigation.

While efforts have been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the state of the art, NOAA, cannot assume liabilityfor any damages, or misrepresentations, caused by any inaccuracies in the data, or as a result of the data to be used on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied,.nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty.NativeDataSet_

Environment:

ERDAS Imagine 8.7 on Microsoft Windows XP Professional Version 2002 Service Pack 2 Data_QualityInformation:

AttributeAccuracy:

AttributeAccuracyReport:

According to accuracy assessment performed by NOAA, the overall accuracy for the Great Lakes region is 91.4% correct, Kappa coefficient was used to determine the overall accuracy of 90.2%. The 2006 update is based on updating the change areas between 2001 and 2006 imagery, and overlaying the results over 2001 land cover. Therefore the accuracy of the 2001 product is a sufficient indication of 2006 update accuracy as well within +/- 0.69% (percent area change from 2001). The following methodology and results are from the accuracy assessment of the 2001 dataset: A team of field investigators participated in field collection of verification points in October 2001 and July 2002. Data validation teams consisted of personnel from the NOAA Coastal Services Center. Each team was equipped with a portable color laptop computer linked to a Global Positioning System (GPS).The field laptop runs software that supports the classified data as a raster background with the road network as a vector overlay with a simultaneous display of live GPS coordinates.

Accuracy assessment points were generated with ERDAS Imagine software using a stratified random sample in 3x3 pixel homogeneous windows. This data collected was used to produce accuracy assessments for the Great Lakes C-CAP data. Both windshield survey methods of collection and airplane reconnaissance were implemented to collect the accuracy assessment points.NOAA implemented an accuracy assessment.

The accuracy assessment plan included the collection of field points. Only areas containing at least 3 x 3 contiguous pixel clumps were assessed.

Transects were created and random points were generated along those transects.

The overall accuracy for the Great Lakes region is 91.4% correct. All of the states are also independently higher than the 85%accurate required by NOAA C-CAP. Kappa coefficient was used to determine the overall accuracy of 90.2%. The class accuracies were determined by the producer's accuracy, or error of omission.

These were supposed to be all above 80% but three categories were below in the overall and in many states individually:

Mixed Forest, Scrub/Shrub, and Palustrine Scrub/Shrub.

These are the more subjective classes in that they have hard to define boundaries.

No fuzzy assessments were implemented, and an error matrix was created. The overall accuracies by state are as follows:

NY -85.1%, PA -94.3%, OH -91.6%, IN -92%, IL -100%, WI -96.1%, MN -91.8%.Post-Processing Steps: None Known Problems:

None Spatial Filters: None Logical_ConsistencyReport:

Tests for logical consistency indicate that all row and column positions in the selected latitude/longitude window contain data. Conversion and integration with vector files indicates that all positions are consistent with earth coordinates covering the same area. Attribute files are logically consistent.

CompletenessReport:

Data does not exist for all classes. There are no pixels representing class 16 (Estuarine Forested Wetland), class 17 (Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland), class 18 (Estuarine Emergent Wetland), class 23 (Estuarine Aquatic Bed). Class 1 (Unclassified) is intentionally left blank.

All pixels have been classified.

The NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional.Implementation, NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Report 123, discusses the interagency effort to develop the land cover classification scheme and defines all categories.

PositionalAccuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

HorizontalPositionalAccuracyReport:

Landsat scenes were geo-referenced by Eros Data Center.Spatial accuracy assessed by MDA Federal is found to be to within 2 pixels accuracy.Vertical Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional AccuracyReport:

There was no terrain correction in the geo-referencing procedure..

Lineage: Source Information:

SourceCitation:

CitationInformation:

Originator:

MDA Federal PublicationDate:

20080519 Title: C-CAP zone 62 2006-Era Land Cover Classification Geospatial_DataPresentationForm:

remote-sensing image PublicationInformation:

PublicationPlace:

Charleston SC Publisher:

NOAA Coastal Services Center Online-Linkage:

http://www.csc.noaa.gov/

Type_ofSourceMedia:

DVD/CD-ROM SourceTimePeriod ofContent:

TimePeriodInformation:

Range ofDates/Times:Beginning Date:

20050513 EndingDate:

20060813 SourceCurrentness

Reference:

Date of the Landsat scenes Source CitationAbbreviation:

NOAA CSC SourceContribution:

NOAA CSC Process-Step:

ProcessDescription:

This dataset was created by MDA Federal. This classification is based on Landsat TM imagery from the MRLC 2006 database.

The study area is zone 62, U.S. Great Lakes Region.Pre-processing steps: Each Landsat TM scene was geo-referenced by USGS (United States Geological Survey) EROS Data Center. Then MDA Federal staff verified the scenes for spatial accuracy to within 2 pixels. The data was geo-referenced to Albers Conical Equal Area, with a spheroid of GRS 1980, and Datum of WGS84. The O data units is in meters. At-satellite reflectance was performed on each scene and the tasseled cap transformation applied. All of the image data used was Landsat TM 5 or 7. The mosaicked dataset was used for classification.

Change Detection:

The next step was to determine the areas of change between 2006 and 2001. The change detection algorithm used is the Cross Correlation Analysis process (CCA) developed at MDA Federal. This copyrighted procedure produced 2 Z-score files per scene of likelihood of change. These files were thresholded and mosaicked to create a binary change layer for that scene. All of the binary files were mosaicked to create a change layer for the entire study area. A focal majority was run on the change layer to fill in some clumps to make sure all of the change was accounted for. The change layer is a slight over-estimation of change to make sure to include as much change as detectable.

Classification:

The classification of the change areas was a mixture of automated and manual approaches.

The change areas were removed from the 2001 classification.

The areas with no change between 2006 and O 2001 were used as training for a Classification and Regression tree (CART) analysis of the changed areas.Modelling and hand-editing were used to further refine the CART output and create a final classification.

The classified change areas were overlaid on the 2001C-CAP product to create a 2006 C-CAP classification.

Attributes for this product are as follows: 0 Background 1 Unclassified (Cloud, Shadow, etc)2 High Intensity Developed 3 Medium Intensity Developed 4 Low Intensity Developed 5 Open Space Developed 6 Cultivated Land 7 Pasture/Hay 8 Grassland 9 Deciduous Forest 10 Evergreen Forest 11 Mixed Forest 12 Scrub/Shrub 13 Palustrine Forested Wetland 14 Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 15 Palustrine Emergent Wetland 16 Estuarine Forested Wetland 17 Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland 18 Estuarine Emergent Wetland 19 Unconsolidated Shore 20 Bare Land 21 Water 22 Palustrine Aquatic Bed 23 Estuarine Aquatic Bed 24 Tundra 25 Snow/Ice ProcessDate:

20080519 ProcessContact:

ContactInformation:

ContactPersonPrimary:

Contact_Organization:

NOAA Coastal Services Center Coastal ChangeAnalysis Program (C-CAP)ContactPerson:

CRS (Coastal Remote Sensing) Program Manager ContactPosition:

CRS Program Manager ContactAddress:

Address_Type:

mailing and physical address Address: 2234 S. Hobson Ave.City: Charleston State orProvince:

SC Postal Code:.29405 Country: USA ContactVoiceTelephone:

843-740-1210 ContactFacsimileTelephone:

843-740-1224 ContactElectronicMailAddress:

clearinghouse@csc.noaa.gov Hours ofService:

8:00 am to 5:00 p.m. EST. M-F Process-Step:

ProcessDescription:

Classification Process Date: Unknown ProcessContact:Contact Information:

Contact_OrganizationPrimary:

ContactOrganization:

NOAA Coastal Services Center Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP)ContactPosition:

CRS Program Manager ContactAddress:

Address_Type:

mailing and physical address Address: 2234 S. Hobson Ave.City: Charleston State orProvince:

SCPostal Code:

29405 Country: USA ContactVoiceTelephone:

843-740-1210 ContactFacsimileTelephone:

843-740-1224.

ContactElectronic_.MailAddress:

csc@csc.noaa.gov Hours ofService:

Monday to Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Eastern Standard Time SpatialDataOrganization_Information:

DirectSpatialReferenceMethod:

Raster Spatial_Reference_Information:

HorizontalCoordinateSystem-Definition:

Planar: MapProjection:

MapProjection_Name:

Albers Conical Equal Area AlbersConicalEqualArea:

StandardParallel:

29.5 StandardParallel:

45.5 Longitude ofCentral_Meridian:

96 West Latitudeof ProjectionOrigin:

23 North FalseEasting:

0.00000 FalseNorthing:

0.00000 Planar_Coordinate_Information:

PlanarCoordinate_EncodingMethod:

Row and column Coordinate_Representation:

AbscissaResolution:

30 meter OrdinateResolution:

30 meter

• PlanarDistanceUnits:

Meters GeodeticModel:

HorizontalDatumName:

North American Datum 1983 Ellipsoid Name: GRS80 Semi-majorAxis:

6378137.0 Denominator ofFlatteningRatio:

298.257 Entityand_AttributeInformation:

DetailedDescription:

EntityType:

EntityTypeLabel:

U.S. Great Lakes Region (zone 62)EntityTypeDefinition:

C-CAP zone 62 (U.S. Great Lakes Region) as delineated by NOAA using scene boundaries, hydrological units, and county boundaries

.EntityTypeDefinitionSource:

unknown Attribute:

AttributeLabel:

Landcover Classification AttributeDefinition:

Landcover Classification as determined by NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation AttributeDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) 123, U.S. Department of Commerce, April 1995 AttributeDomainValues:

EnumeratedDomain:

Enumerated Domain Value: 1 Unclassified EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

This class contains no data due to cloud conditions or data voids.* EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

N/A EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomain_Value:

2 High Intensity Developed EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Contains little or no vegetation.

This subclass includes heavily built-up urban centers as well as large constructed surfaces in suburban and rural areas. Large buildings (such as multiple family housing, hangars, and large barns), interstate highways, and runways typically fall into this subclass.

Impervious surfaces account for 80-100 percent of the total cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain: EnumeratedDomainValue:

3 Medium Intensity Developed EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Contains substantial amounts of constructed surfacemixed with substantial amounts of vegetated surface. Small buildings (such as single family housing, farm outbuildings, and large sheds), typically fall into this subclass.

Impervious surfaces account for-50-79 percent of the total cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

4 Low Intensity Developed EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Contains constructed surface mixed with vegetated surface. This class includes features seen class 3, with the addition of streets and roads with associated trees and grasses. Impervious surfaces account for 21-49 percent of the total cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated-Domain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

5 Developed Open Space Enumerated Domain Value Definition:

Includes areas with a mixture of some constructed materials, but mostly vegetation in the form of lawn grasses. This subclass includes parks, lawns, athletic fields, golf courses, and natural grasses occurring around airports and industrial sites. Impervious surfaces account for less than 20 percent of total cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

6 Cultivated Land EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes herbaceous (cropland) and woody (e.g., orchards, nurseries, and vineyards) cultivated lands.Enumerated Domain ValueDefinition Source: Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain: EnumeratedDomainValue:

7 Pasture/Hay EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Characterized by grasses, legumes or grass-legume mixtures planted for livestock grazing or the production of seed or hay crops.Enumerated Domain ValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain: EnumeratedDomainValue:

8 Grassland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Dominated by naturally occurring grasses and non-grasses (forbs) that are not fertilized, cut, tilled, or planted regularly.

EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

9 Deciduous Forest EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes areas dominated by single stemmed, woody vegetation unbranched 0.6 to 1. meter above the ground and having a height greater than 5 meters and cover more than 20% of land area. More than 75 percent of the tree species shed foliage simultaneous in response to seasonal change.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

10 Evergreen Forest EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes areas in which more than 67 percent of the trees remain green throughout the year. Both coniferous and broad-leaved evergreens are included in this category.

Trees must be taller than 5 meters and more than 20% of the land cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

Enumerated Domain Value: 11 Mixed Forest EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Contains all forested areas in which both evergreen and deciduous trees are growing and neither predominate.

Trees must be taller than 5 meters and more than 20% of the land cover.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.

EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

12 Scrub/Shrub EnumeratedDomainValue_Definition:

Areas dominated by woody vegetation less than 5 meters in height. This class includes true shrubs,young trees, and trees or shrubs that are small or stunted because of environmental conditions.

Includes both evergreen and deciduous scrub.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated-Domain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

13 Palustrine Forested Wetland Enumerated Domain Value Definition:

Includes all non-tidal wetlands dominated by woody vegetation greater than or equal to 5 meters in height, and all such wetlands that occur in tidal areas in which salinity due to ocean-derived salts is below 0.5 parts per thousand (ppt).Enumerated_DomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated-Domain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

14 Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes all non-tidal wetlands dominated by woody vegetation less than or equal to 5 meters in height, and all such wetlands that occur in tidal areas in which salinity due to ocean-derived salts is below 0.5 ppt.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain: EnumeratedDomainValue:

15 Palustrine Emergent Wetland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes all non-tidal wetlands dominated by persistent emergents, emergent mosses, or lichens, and all such wetlands that occur in tidal areas in which salinity due to ocean-derived salts is below 0.5 ppt.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

16 Estuarine Forest Wetland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes all tidal wetlands dominated by woody vegetation greater than or equal to 5 meters in height, and all such wetlands that occur in tidal areas in which salinity due to ocean-derived salts is above 0.5 parts per thousand (ppt).EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

17 Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes all tidal wetlands dominated by woody vegetation less than or equal to 5 meters in height, and all such wetlands that occur in tidal areas in which salinity due to ocean-derived salts is above 0.5 ppt.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

18 Estuarine Emergent Wetland EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Characterized by erect, rooted, herbaceous hydrophytes (excluding mosses and lichens) that are present for most of the growing season in most years. Perennial plants usually dominate these wetlands.

All water regimes are included except those that are subtidal and irregularly exposed.

EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated_.Domain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

19 Unconsolidated Shore EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Characterized by substrates lacking vegetation except for pioneering plants that become established during brief periods when growing conditions are favorable.

Erosion and deposition by waves and currents produce a number of landforms, such as beaches, bars, and flats, all of which are included in this class.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

Enumerated Domain Value: 20 Bare Land EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Composed of bare soil, rock, sand, silt, gravel, or other earthen material with little or no vegetation.

EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

21 Open Water EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes all areas of open water with less than 25 percentcover of vegetation or soil.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

22 Palustrine Aquatic Bed EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes wetlands and deepwater habitats dominated by plants that grow principally on or below the surface of the water for most of the growing season in most years. Salinity due to ocean-derived salts is below 0.5 ppt.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

23 Estuarine Aquatic Bed EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes widespread and diverse Algal Beds in the Marine and Estuarine Systems, where they occupy substrates characterized by a wide range of sediment depths and textures.

They occur in both the Subtidal and Intertidal Subsystems and may grow to depths of 30 m (98 feet). This includes kelp forests. Salinity due to ocean-derived salts is equal to or above 0.5 ppt.EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.Enumerated Domain: EnumeratedDomainValue:

24 Tundra EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes treeless cover beyond the latitudinal limit of the boreal forest in pole-ward regions and above the elevation range of the boreal forest in high mountains.

EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.EnumeratedDomain:

EnumeratedDomainValue:

25 Snow/Ice EnumeratedDomainValueDefinition:

Includes persistent snow and ice that persist for greater portions of the year.

EnumeratedDomainValueDefinitionSource:

Dobson, J. et al, NOAA Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP): Guidance for Regional Implementation, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 123, U.S.Department of Commerce, April 1995.DistributionInformation:

Distributor:

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NOAA Coastal Services Center ContactPerson:

Clearinghouse Manager ContactPosition: Clearinghouse Manager ContactAddress:

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mailing and physical address Address: 2234 South Hobson Avenue City: Charleston State orProvince:

SC PostalCode:

29405-2413 Country: USA ContactVoiceTelephone:

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mailing and physical address Address: 2234 S Hobson Ave.City: Charleston State orProvince:

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FGDC-STD-001-1998 Salem/ Hope Creek Environmental Audit -Post-Audit Information Question #: ECO-4 Category:

Ecology Statement of Question:

Please provide the following documents that were made available during the Salem and HCGS License Renewal Environmental Audit in response to Pre-Audit Question # ECO-4.A 2009 Biological Monitoring Report (June, 2010)B Attachment #1 -2008 Biological Monitoring Report Response: AThe 2009 Biological Monitoring Report will be submitted separately after it has been published in June 2010.B The 2008 Biological Monitoring Report is being provided.List Attachments Provided: PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program. Public Service Enterprise Group Biological Monitoring Program, 2008 Annual Report. Undated.

Public Service Enterprise Group Biological Monitoring Program 2008 Annual Report Public Service Enterprise Group Biological Monitoring Program 2008 Annual Report Executive Summary Tab 1 Introduction Tab 2 Impingement Monitoring Tab 3 Entrainment Abundance Tab 4 Bottom Trawl Effort Tab 5 Baywide Beach Seine Tab 6 Fish Ladder Monitoring Tab 7 Fish Assemblage Tab 8 Detrital Production Monitoring 2008 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL REPORT EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

IMPINGEMENT ABUNDANCE MONITORING Impingement abundance and initial survival sampling at the circulating water intake structure was conducted by diverting timed subsamples of flow from combined fish and trash troughs into fish counting pools. Sampling was scheduled during three 24-hour collection events per week from January through December.

A total of 1,570 samples were collected.

Sample duration can vary with fish and detritus abundance, and ranged from one to five minutes, with 58% of the collections in 2008 being one minute.Individual finfish and blue crabs were collected from the pools by dip net and categorized as "live", "dead", or "damaged". Debris (vegetative matter) was examined for fish and any found were included in the collection.

Specimens were sorted by condition category and species, and were counted, weighed, and measured.

Ancillary parameters, including weight of detritus in the subsampled water volume, pump and screen conditions, tide, weather, water temperature and salinity, were measured during every sampling event.A total of 35,292 finfish and 9,775 blue crabs were taken in 1,570 samples (total sample time of 2,303 minutes) during 2008. Findings specific to target finfish species include: Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis).

A total of 112 individuals were taken from 74 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in March; individuals were in January through April, November and December.

The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 87%.Alewife (A. pseudoharengus).

A total of 10 individuals were taken from 9 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in March; individuals were collected in January through May and December.

The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 80%.American shad (A. sapidissima).

A total of 26 individuals were taken from 24 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in November;individuals were collected in January, May and October through December.

The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 96%.Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus).

A total of 883 individuals were taken from 338 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in June;individuals were collected during all months of 2008. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 69%.Bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli).

A total of 1,103 individuals were taken from 466 of 1,570 samples. Catches were highest in April; individuals EEP09001 I Executive Summary were collected during all months of 2008. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 83%.Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia).

A total of 859 individuals were taken from 284 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in December;individuals were collected during all months of 2008. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 96%.White perch (Morone americana).

A total of 10,106 individuals were taken from 796 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in December;individuals were collected during all months of 2008. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 97%.Striped bass (M. saxatalis).

A total of 497 individuals were taken from 250 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in November; individuals were collected during all months of 2008 except May. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 98%.Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix).

A total of 87 individuals were taken from 57 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in May; individuals were collected May through November.

The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 82%.Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis).

A total of 4,652 individuals were taken from 450 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in July; individuals were collected in May through December.

The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 95%.Spot (Leiostomus xanthurus).

A total of 361 individuals were taken from 230 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was similarly high in October and November; individuals were also collected in May through December.The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 95%.Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus).

A total of 8,322 individuals were taken from 756 of 1,570 samples. Abundance was highest in January; individuals were collected during all months of 2008. The proportion of live individuals on an annual basis was 97%.EEP09001 2 Executive Summary ENTRAINMENT ABUNDANCE MONITORING Entrainment abundance sampling was conducted in the Salem Generating Station's circulating water intake structure by pumping river water out of the intake bay of Circulating Water Pumps 12B or 22A into a plankton net having a 0.5-mm mesh. A typical sample filtered 50 m 3 of intake water. During the months of January through March and August through December, routine entrainment sampling was scheduledduring three 24-hour events per week with seven collections at approximately equal intervals during each event. During the months of April through July, intensive entrainment sampling occurred during four events scheduled each week with 14 samples scheduled at equal intervals during each event. Each event monitored a complete diel period encompassing two tidal cycles. A total of 1,633 out of 1,716 scheduled entrainment abundance samples were collected during 2008. Each concentrated sample was preserved, and the ichthyoplankton identified.

For each species collected, the life stage was determined, the total number counted, and the lengths of a subsample were measured.During the 2008 Salem Entrainment Abundance Monitoring program, totals of 19,839 fish eggs, 33,029 larvae, 18,206 juveniles, and 162 adults representing at least 26 specieswere collected in 1,633 entrainment abundance samples, with 83,299 m 3 of sample water filtered.

Results specific to the target species are discussed in phylogenic order:

• Blueback herring -A total of one juvenile blueback herring was taken during November.0 Alewife -A total of I larval alewife was collected during May.* Alosa spp. -A total of I larval Alosa spp. was collected during May.* Atlantic menhaden -A total of 13,500 Atlantic menhaden, including 4,213 larvae and 9,287 juveniles, was taken during all months other than August and September.

The abundance of Atlantic menhaden was highest in April, with juveniles being the predominant life stage.* Bay anchovy -A total of 34,878 bay anchovy, including 19,810 eggs, 13,194 larvae, 1,788 juveniles and 86 adults was collected during all months except March.

Bay anchovy were most abundant in June, with eggs being the predominant lifestage.

• Menidia spp. -A total of 698 Menidia spp., including 15 eggs, 641 larvae, 19 juveniles, and 23 adults, was collected during the months of January, February, May through August, November and December.

Menidia spp.were most abundant in June, with larvae being predominant.White perch

-A total of 10 white perch including 3 larvae, and 7 juveniles was collected during the months of February through June. White perch EEP09001 3 Executive Summary were most abundant in April, with juveniles being the predominant lifestage.

Striped bass -A total of 1,433 striped bass, including 6 eggs, 1,317 larvae and 110 juveniles, was collected during April through July. Striped bass were most abundant in June, with larvae being the predominant lifestage.

Morone spp. -A total of 20 Morone spp. larvae was collected during May.Bluefish -A total of one juvenile bluefish was taken during May.Weakfish -A total of 430 weakfish, including 5 eggs, 163 larvae and 262 juveniles, was collected during the months of May through October.Weakfish were most abundant in June, with juveniles being predominant lifestage.

Spot -A total of 114 spot, including one larva and 113 juveniles was collected during the months of April through June. Spot were most abundant in June, with juveniles being the most predominant lifestage.

Atlantic croaker -A total of 6,444 Atlantic croaker, including 33 larvae and 6,411 juveniles was collected in all months except July and August.Atlantic croaker was most abundant in October, with juveniles being the predominant lifestage.

BOTTOM TRAWL PROGRAM The 2008 bottom trawl effort was conducted within the Delaware River Estuary from the mouth of the Delaware Bay to just north of the Delaware Memorial Bridge (rkm 0-117)at 40 randomly selected stations allocated from sampling Zones 1-8. The number of sampling stations designated within each of the eight sampling zones was allocated using a Neyman allocation procedure based on the proportional area of each zone and historical fisheries data. One daytime bottom trawl event was completed at each station each month from April through November 2008 using a 4.9m (16-ft) semi-balloon otter trawl.Eight monthly surveys were completed, resulting in the collection of 320 bottom trawls.Target species for this project were alewife, American shad, Atlantic menhaden, blueback herring, bay anchovy, Atlantic silverside, striped bass, white perch, bluefish, Atlanticcroaker, spot, weakfish, and blue crab (Callinectes sapidus).

All finfish and blue crabs were identified to the lowest practicable taxonomic level, enumerated, and recorded on field data sheets. Length measurements for all target species were recorded to the nearest millimeter.

Surface, mid-depth and bottom water quality were recorded for each sample as well as pertinent field observations such as water clarity, weather, and tidal stage.EEP09001 4 Executive Summary 9 In the 320 bottom trawls that were completed in 2008, 32,729 specimens (31,418 finfish and 1,311 blue crabs) were collected. Total catch per unit effort (CPUE) was 102.3 for all zones. The results for target species were as follows: Alewife: Two specimens were collected during the bottom trawl effort accounting for <0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were collected in Zones 4 in April and May. The CPUE for alewife was <0.1.American shad: Eight specimens were caught in bottom trawls, comprising

<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were taken in April, May, October and November catches in Zones 2,3 and 58. The CPUE for American shad was <0.1.Atlantic croaker: A total of 7,027 specimens were captured in bottom trawls, accounting for 22.4% of the total finfish collected. They were found in all zones and were more evenly distributed than they had been in prior studies prior to2006. The largest monthly catch was in July, the second largest was in June, the third largest in November and the fourth largest in October. These four months accounted for 80.62% of the Atlantic croaker caught in 2008. The CPUE for Atlantic croaker was 22.0.Atlantic menhaden:

One hundred fourteen Atlantic menhaden were collected during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, representing 0.4% of the total finfish catch. They were found in all zones except Zone 1, and during all months except July. The CPUE for Atlantic menhaden was 0.4.Atlantic silverside:

Three Atlantic silverside were collected during the bottom trawl effort, comprising

<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were caught in Zones 2 and 3 during October and November. The CPUE for Atlantic silverside was <0.1.Bay anchovy:

A total of 11,759 specimens were captured during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort comprising 37.4% of the total finfish catch. Bay anchovy were captured in every sampling month, but approximately 32% were found in July. They were taken in every zone, but most of them (96%) were taken in Zones 2-5. The CPUE for bay anchovy was 36.7.Blueback herring: One specimen wase collected during the bottom trawl effort accounting for <0.1% of the total finfish catch. It was collected in Zones 3 during October. The CPUE for blueback herring was <0.1.Bluefish:

A total of two specimens were collected during the bottom trawl effort, representing

<0.1% of the total finfish catch.

They were found in Zones 3 and 6 in July and August. The CPUE for bluefish was <0.1.Spot: A total of 1,453 specimens were captured in bottom trawls, comprising

_ 4.6% of the total finfish collected.

Most of them were collected from July EEP09001 5 Executive Summary through November and, although they were collected in all eight zones, the 0greatest numbers were found in Zones 2 through 5. The CPUE for spot was 4.5.* Striped bass: A total of 38 specimens were collected during the bottom trawleffort, accounting 0.1% of the total finfish collected.

Striped bass were taken in Zones 3, 4 and 6-8, and were captured in every sampling month, except May and June. The CPUE for striped bass was 0.1.Weakfish:

A total of 2,191 specimens were caught in bottom trawls, representing 7.0% of the total finfish catch.

Weakfish were collected in all eight zones and were evenly distributed throughout.

They were captured in every month except April. However, most of them were found from July through September.

The CPUE for weakfish was 6.8.White perch: A total of 406 specimens were captured during the bottom trawl effort, comprising 1.3% of the total finfish catch. White perch were present in alleight zones, except Zone 1, and were most abundant in Zones 5-8. They were taken in all months and were most abundant in April. The CPUE for white perch was 1.3.Blue crab: A total of 1,311 specimens were collected in all eight zones and were collected in every month. They were most abundant in Zones 3, 5,6 and 7 and the heaviest catches were in May, July

'and October. The CPUE for blue crab was 4.1.BAYWIDE BEACH SEINE PROGRAM The Baywide Beach Seine Survey was conducted on a monthly basis in June and November, and twice monthly from July through October 2008. During the design phase of the study in 1995, the perimeter of the Delaware Bay from Cape May, NJ .(rkm 0) to the lower Delaware River at the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (rkm 100) was divided into 32 equal-length regions. Each region was further partitioned into 0.1 -nautical mile segments.

One fixed station was established within each of the 32 regions. Eightadditional stations were established at bay front locations adjacent to PSEG marsh restoration sites. These 40 fixed stations have been annually sampled since 1995. The gear was a 100- x 6-ft (30.5- x 1.8-m) bagged haul seine with a 1/4-inch (6.25 mm) nylonmesh, identical to the gear employed by New Jersey Department of EnvironmentalProtection (NJDEP) in their beach seine program conducted upstream of the presentstudy. The seine was set at high tide by boat from the shore and pulled in the direction of the prevailing tidal current, wind or surf as conditions required, resulting in the most effective deployment of the gear. Water quality parameters, including water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and water clarity were measured with each collection.

The Baywide Beach Seine Survey yielded 15,559 individuals of 38 finfish species from400 samples.

Atlantic silverside and bay anchovy represented 72.9% of the catch. Nearly , EEP09001 6 Executive Summary 45 percent (17 of 38) of the species taken were represented by 10 or fewer specimens.

Of the target species only Atlantic silverside, bay anchovy, striped bass, spot, Atlantic croaker and striped bass were taken during all sampling events, in all regions and at all beach types.Findings specific to target species include: American shad. A total of four American shad was taken in beach seine collections in 2008.Blueback herring. A total of 3 blueback herring was taken in beach seine collections in 2008.Alewife. No alewife were taken in beach seine collections in 2008.Atlantic menhaden.

A total of 778 Atlantic menhaden was taken, comprising 5.0% of the 2008 seine catch. Their abundance was highest during the second half of June. Although taken in all regions, Atlantic menhaden abundance was highest in region rkm 21-40.Bay anchovy.

A total of 4,015 bay anchovy was taken, comprising 25.8% of the 2008 seine catch. Bay anchovy was collected during all sampling events;abundance was highest during the second half of September.

Bay anchovy was most abundant in region rkm 81-100.

Atlantic silverside.

A total of 7,329 Atlantic silverside was taken, comprising 47.1% of the 2008 seine catch. Atlantic silverside was collected during all sampling events; abundance was highest during the first half of November.Atlantic silverside catches were highest in region rkm 21-40.White perch. A total of 50 white perch was taken in the 2008 seine catch. Theirabundance was highest in the first half of November.

White perch abundance was highest in regions rkm 41-60.Striped bass. A total of 98 striped bass was taken in beach seine collections in 2008. Individuals were taken during all collection events; abundance was highest during the first half of July and August. Striped bass were most abundant in region rkm 41-60.Bluefish. A total of 71 bluefish was taken in beach seine collections in 2008.Bluefish were taken during all sampling events except the first half of November and were most abundant during the second half of June. They were most abundant in region rkm 0-20.Weakfish.

A total of 467 weakfish was taken, comprising 3.0% of the 2008 seine catch. Their abundance was highest during the first half of July. Weakfish were most abundant in regions rkm 0-20.EEP09001 7 Executive Summary Spot. A total of 1,037 spot was taken, comprising 6.7% of the seine catch.

They were most abundant during the second half of August and in region rkm 21-40..Atlantic croaker. A total of 285 Atlantic croaker was taken, comprising 1.8% of the 2008 seine catch.

Atlantic croaker abundance was highest in the first half of November and in region 0-20.FISH LADDER MONITORING PSEG Nuclear LLC (PSEG) has constructed and maintains fish ladders on DelawareRiver estuary tributaries for spawning run restoration of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and the blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), collectively known as river herring. Alaska Steeppass fish ladders have been constructed at twelve sites: Sunset Lake, Stewart Lake, Newton Lake, and Cooper River Lake in New Jersey, and Noxontown Pond, Silver Lake (Dover), Silver Lake (Milford), McGinnis Pond, Coursey Pond,' McColley Pond, Garrisons Lake and Moores Lake in Delaware.Adult passage monitoring, employing a fish ladder exit trap net, occurred from March 26 to June 11, 2008. No sampling of adult passage was conducted at McGinnis Pond during 2008, as this ladder has consistently passed adult herring and monitoring was discontinued to avoid potentially impacting spawning behavior. No stocking occurred during 2008 due to the limited availability of adult herring for trap and transfer.The following lists the number of adult herring counted, counted passing through theladder, stocked, and total spawning run adult herring, for each of the monitored fish ladder sites: Ladder Locatimi Counted C~ounted( iStock~ed Total________________Into Pondu Noxontown Pond 1 1 0 1 Garrisons Lake 0 0 0 0 Silver Lake (Dover) 9 8 0 8 Moores Lake 653 639 0 639Coursey Pond 1,147 1,096 0 1,096 McColley Pond 682 652 0 652 Silver Lake (Milford) 0 0 0 0 Cooper R. Lake 2 1 0 1 Newton Lake 3 3 0 3Stewart Lake 3 2 0 2 Sunset Lake 170 168 0 168 In 2008, adult river herring migrated upstream to spawn in the creeks, spillpools, andponds beginning in early March and the run continued through early June. As expected, the adult herring movement appeared to be associated with rising creek water temperature EEP09001 8 Executive Summary and sunny days. The occurrence of adult herring at the fish ladder sites generally coincided with reported spawning temperatures.

FISH ASSEMBLAGE MONITORING To evaluate the faunal response to salt marsh restoration in Delaware Bay, fish assemblages are monitored in small and large creek habitats of reference and restored marshes in upper and lower regions of the bay. Sampling was conducted monthly from May to November 2008 with otter trawls (4.9 m headrope, 6 mm mesh) in large marsh creeks (1.2 -2.8 m mean depth at high tide) and with weirs (1.8 x 1.2 x 1.2 m with 4.5 x 1.2 m wings, 0.175 mm mesh) in small intertidal marsh creeks draining the marsh surface.In the Lower Bay Region, totals of 126 trawl tows and 14 weir sets were conducted at theMoores Beach Reference Site, and 126 trawl tows and 14 weir sets were conducted at the Commercial Township Restoration Site. At the Moores Beach Site, a total of 23 fish species was collected; of these, 26% were considered residents of salt marshes and 74%were transients.

In the large marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in June, andAtlantic menhaden was the predominant species. In the small marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in August, and mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) was the predominant species. At the Commercial Township Site, a total of 20 fish species was collected; of these, 35% were considered residents of salt marshes and 65% were transients.

In the large marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in August. Bay anchovy was the predominant species. In the small marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in August, and mummichog was the predominant species. In the large marshcreek habitats of the Lower Bay Region, total fish abundance was higher at the Commercial Township Restoration Site than at the Moores Beach Reference Site, resulting from the disproportionate catches of bay anchovy. In the large marsh creek habitats of the Lower Bay Region, fish species richness was similar at both sites, with over 80% of the species in common. In the small marsh creek habitats, total fish abundance was similar at both the Moores Beach Reference Marsh and at the Commercial Township Restoration Site. The abundance of the target species was unremarkable at both sites. Fish species richness was equal at the two sites, with seven often species in common.In the Upper Bay Region, totals of 126 trawl tows and 14 weir sets were conducted at the Mad Horse Creek Reference Site; in the Alloway Creek Restoration Site totals of 126 trawl tows and 14 weir sets were conducted at the Mill Creek Sampling Area, and 42 weir sets were conducted at Alloway Creek Sampling Area. At the Mad Horse Creek Site, a total of 20 fish species was collected; of these, 30% were considered residents of salt marshes and 70% were transients.

In the large marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in July, bay anchovy and Atlantic menhaden were the predominant species.In the small marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in May, and mummichog was the predominant species. At the Alloway Creek Sampling Area, a total of five fish species was collected; three were considered residents of salt marshes and two were transients.

In the small marsh creek habitat fish abundance was highest in September, EEP09001 9Executive Summary and mummichog was the predominant species. At the Mill Creek Sampling Area, a total of 21 fish species was collected; 43% were considered residents of alt marshes and 57%were transients.

In the large marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in June, and spot was the predominant species. In the small marsh creek habitat, fish abundance was highest in August, and mummichog was the predominant species.In the large marsh creek habitats of the Upper Bay Region, total fish abundance was higher at the Mill Creek Sampling Area of the Alloway Creek Restoration Site than at the Mad Horse Creek Reference Site, resulting not from the predominance of one or two species, but rather reflecting an assemblage-wide contribution to higher abundance at Mill Creek. Contributions to this abundance by the target species, white perch, bay anchovy and spot were of note. However, the contributions made by the other target species, weakfish, was more dubious. In the large marsh creek habitats of the Upper Bay Region, fish species richness was similar at Mad Horse Creek and at the Mill Creek Area.

In the small marsh creek habitats of the Upper Bay Region, total fish abundance was higher at both restoration sampling areas than at the Mad Horse Creek Reference Site.Regarding species rank order, the three sites shared the same top two species, mummichog and Atlantic menhaden.

All species taken at Mad Horse Creek were common to Mill Creek, and all species taken at Alloway Creek were common to Mill Creek.VEGETATIVE COVER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY MONITORING Vegetative cover monitoring is performed annually during the peak growing season at thereference marshes and all restoration sites that have not met the final success criteria as follows: " Commercial Township Salt Hay Farm Wetland Restoration Site (CT Site)

• Moores Beach West Reference Marsh (MBW)* Alloways Creek Phragmites-dominate Wetland Restoration Site (ACW Site)* The Rock Phragmites-dominate Wetland Restoration Site (The Rocks)

• Cedar Swamp Phragmites-dominate Wetland Restoration Site (Cedar Swamp)* Mad Horse Creek Reference Marsh (MHC)To evaluate production of these marshes, cover type mapping and field sampling is conducted to assess community abundance and composition for vascular plants. During 2008, geomorphological monitoring was conducted at all four restoration sites to assess changes associated with the restoration process.Analyses of the 2008 vegetative cover type mapping indicates that Spartina alterniflora and other desirable marsh species is the dominant cover type at all four restoration sites and the two reference marshes.

S. alterniflora comprised approximately 81 and 74 percent of the MBW and MHC reference marshes, respectively.

At the three Phragmites-dominated restoration sites, S. alterniflora and other desirable vegetation ranged between nearly 75 to 86 percent the total marsh at the restoration sites. Approximately 51% of the CT Site marsh was mapped as S.alterniflora during 2008.EEP09001 10 Executive Summary Other cover type categories evaluated at the restoration sites and reference marshes include Phragmites-dominated vegetation, non-vegetated marsh plain, internal water areas and open water. Non-vegetated marsh plain comprised approximately 37 percent of the CT Site.Quantitative monitoring and sampling of the vascular vegetation provides data on percent cover, vegetation height, and a calculation of above ground biomass for the vascular plants. S.alterniflora was the most common dominant species present at the reference marshes and restoration sites. For each site, means were calculated for Spartina spp.dominated quadrats, non-Spartina spp. dominated quadrats, and for all quadrats.Geomorphology monitoring during the 2008 season indicated that drainage densities (linear feet of channel/acre of marsh) ranged from 537 ft/acre to 690 ft/acre at the Phragmites-dominated restoration sites, and 1150 ft/acre at the CT Site.EEP09001 I1I Executive Summary CHAPTER 1 -BIOLOGICAL MONITORING ANNUAL REPORT INTRODUCTIONThis report summarizes results of ongoing ecological monitoring programs conducted by PSEG Nuclear, LLC (PSEG, formerly PSE&G) of New Jersey. These studies are being conducted in relation to the operation of the Salem Generating Station (SGS), a two-unit nuclear power plant.The basis for conducting these studies is the New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(NJPDES) Permit No. NJ0005622 issued by the New Jersey Department of EnvironmentalProtection (NJDEP), with an effective date of September 1, 1994. This permit allows the SGS to discharge cooling water into the Delaware River in accordance with NJPDES Regulations N.J.A.C.7:14A-1 et. Seq.. In 2001, the NJPDES Permit for the SGS was renewed with an effective date ofAugust 1, 2001. Custom requirement G.6 of the renewed permit provided for the continuation and expansion of the studies included in the report.STUDY AREAThe Delaware Estuary is a continuum of environments:

freshwater, tidal fresh water, tidal brackish water and marine. The characteristics of these varying environments determine species composition and abundance, temporal and spatial distribution, functional dynamics and resiliency of the population and communities in this system.The study area extends from the mouth of the Bay to River Mile 211, just south of the fall line in Trenton, NJ. Approximately 308 square miles of tidal marshes surround the Estuary, which play a significant role in water exchange and retention, and in chemical and biological functions within the system. An important interactive component of the Estuary is the contiguous ocean water ofthe Middle Atlantic Bight (Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras), which exists outside the entrance to the Bay. Pape and Garvine (1982) established that bottom ocean water from at least 40 km offshore is involved in residual flows into the Bay.The Delaware Bay is composed of three regions: a shallow flats area on the New Jersey side, acentral channel and alternating shoals with zones of deep water on the Delaware side. The deepwater ranges from 12 -90 feet with a deep hole reaching 143 feet at the mouth of the Bay off Lewes, DE. The deep zone is interspersed with long, finger like shoals 0 -12 feet deep, which radiate out to the west and north from the mouth of the Bay. Broad expanses of shallow flats from 9-17 feet deep extend from the deeper water to the shoreline. Beyond the shoreline and extending up the many tidal creek tributaries are wide expanses of salt marsh.The water movements within the Delaware Estuary affect the occurrence, distribution, and abundance of organisms both directly (as a result of net water transport, turbulent mixing, and exchange of water among the system's components) and indirectly (as a result of its influence on biologically important water quality parameters such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity).

Tidal circulation, freshwater discharge from the drainage basin and upstream impoundments, wind-induced flushing, and salinity-induced density gradients are major forces that influence the water circulation patterns in the system and result in its highly dynamic physical and chemical environment.

EEP09001 I Introduction Tidal transport of water between the ocean and the Delaware Estuary dominates flow and circulation throughout the Estuary (Polis and Kupferman, 1973). The total flux during each tidal cycle, 11.02 billion cubic yards, is equivalent to about 23- 24 percent of the standing volume of theEstuary measured at mean tide level. Tidal flow past the Salem Station is approximately 448,000 to 472,000 cubic feet per second.

Current speed and direction throughout the Delaware Estuary are primarily dominated by the tide.Surface tidal currents generally are directed along the longitudinal axis of the Estuary except in near shore areas of river bends and coves. At maximum ebbing or flooding tide, local currents at any point within the Estuary may reach speeds of 3.3 to 4.3 feet per second (Polis and Kupferman, 1973).Salinity in the Delaware Estuary varies from fresh water at Trenton (River Mile 132), to typical ocean water concentrations of about 34 parts per thousand on the continental shelf off the mouth of Delaware Bay. Variables such as freshwater discharge, tidal phase, basin morphology, andmeteorological conditions affect salinity.

In the vicinity of Salem, salinity ranges seasonally from about 0.5 to 20 parts per thousand.SALEM GENERATING STATION Location Salem Generating Station is located on a peninsula known as Artificial Island on the eastern shore of the Delaware Estuary, 50 miles northwest of the mouth of the Bay and 30 miles southwest of Philadelphia, PA. Artificial Island was created from the deposition of dredge spoil material by the Army Corps of Engineers during the first half of the last century. It is bordered by the River on two sides and by extensive marshes and uplands on the other two sides. The Salem Units I and 2 are identical pressurized -water reactors; each with a net rated electrical output of 1,162 Mwe.Units I and 2 began commercial operation in 1977 and 1981, respectively.The Station was sited on the Delaware Estuary to take advantage of the large volume of relatively low temperature cooling water.

This once through cooling water is used to condense the steam produced by the Units during the process of electric generation.

The rated flow for both units with all twelve pumps operating is 3,168 million gallons per day. Under Special Condition IV-B/C.H.

I of the 1994 NJPDES Permit, Salem is limited to "...a monthly average rate not to exceed 3,024 million gallons per day". Water is withdrawn from the River through a shoreline intake structure divided into 12 intake bays. Each bay is 11.5 feet wide at the entrance with a designed water depth ranging from 31 -50 feet depending on tide (and factors influencing tides). This configuration results in an average intake bay entrance design velocity of 0.87 feet per second at mean high tide and 1.0 foot per second at mean low tide.Intake System The traveling screens are equipped with buckets to catch most impinged organisms and prevent them from becoming re-impinged.

Each screen basket base is fitted with a lip, which creates awater-filled bucket. The screens rotate continuously to minimize the time during which organisms EEP09001 2 Introduction may be impinged: Estuarine organisms are captured in the water-filled buckets at the base of each ascending screen panel to prevent re-impingement.

The buckets are emptied into a sluiceway (part of the fish return system) behind the screens, which return the fish to the Estuary north of thecirculating water intake system (CWS) intake on flood tide and south of the CWS intake on ebb tide, to prevent re-impingement.

In June of 1996, PSE&G, in compliance with Special Condition IV-B/C.H.2 of the 1994 NJPDES permit, completed the installation of six newly modified traveling screens into the Unit 2 intake system. Composite material was used in place of stainless steel for the construction of the fish buckets. This reduced the weight of each screen by 100 pounds (6,200 pounds total).. Composite material was also used to construct the individual basket frames, further saving weight. The lighter weight has enabled the maximum speed of the traveling screens to double from 17.5 to 35 feet perminute. The leading edge of the bucket is formed into a hydrodynamic inward bending shape that eliminates turbulence in the bucket, which could damage fish. New screen mesh with a flat smooth mesh face and 0.25 x 0.5-inch openings has been installed.

The size of the wire in the mesh was reduced from 12 down to 14 gauge, increasing the open area by 25 percent. Mounting and structural hardware for the basket have been relocated behind the new screen mesh.

Eight spray nozzles were added to the inside spray wash headers to provide a more efficient and even spray pattern. Debris shields were added to the above the spray nozzles to keep them free of debris. Fish and debris trough flap seals were redesigned to maintain a closer fit to the traveling screens. All ofthese modifications were designed to improve fish survival on the traveling screens.Discharge Both CWS water and service water systems (SWS) water are discharged through six 10-foot diameter pipes (3 per unit) which extend 500 feet into the Estuary. Water depth at the discharge is approximately 31 feet to the centerline of the pipe. When Salem is operating at full load, approximately 16 billion BTU/hr are released into the Estuary. The discharge pipes were designed to minimize the thermal effect on the Estuary by maintaining the discharge velocity at about 10 feet per second.Heated effluent from the cooling water discharge is characterized by a difference in temperature (AT) from the ambient River water and results in a thermal plume. The AT normally varies from approximately 15'F to 21 PF depending upon the CWS flow. Thus, the discharge water temperature can range from about 45°F in winter to about 100°F in summer. The AT is reduced by approximately one-half between the time the CWS water is discharged through the pipes until itreaches the surface approximately 40-50 seconds later. This is due to the fact that the water discharged (at 10 feet per second) is turbulently mixed with ambient River water.

During this time, the plume buoyantly rises in the water column. The characteristics of the thermal plume are determined by convective spread, mass transport by ambient currents, diffusion and dispersion, and loss of heat to the atmosphere. These processes are affected by the temporal and spatial variationswithin tidal cycles, meteorological conditions, and plant operations.

EEP09001 Introduction MONITORING PROGRAMS Special Condition IV-B/C.H.6 (a) of the 1994 NJPDES Permit required PSEG to develop and implement a biological monitoring program for the Delaware Estuary. The results presented herein are from programs conducted per the approved 2006 Improved Biological Monitoring Work Plan.This report contains a separate section for each of the Improved Biological Monitoring Work Plan (IBMWP) programs that were performed during 2008. Programs discussed include; fish utilization of restored wetlands, elimination of impediments to fish migration, bay-wide trawl survey, beach seine survey, entrainment abundance monitoring, impingement abundance monitoring, and vegetative cover and geomorphology mapping of the restored wetlands.EEP09001 4 Introduction CHAPTER 2: IMPINGEMENT MONITORING TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES 2-ii LIST OF FIGURES 2-iii INTRODUCTION 2-1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2-1 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 2-2 LITERATURE CITED 2-7 EEP09001 2-iImpingement Monitoring LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2-1 Annual catch statistics of finfish and blue crab taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structure, January through December 2008. 2-8 Table 2-2 Monthly percentage of specimens live (L), dead (D), and damaged (D*) for target species taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structure during 2008. 2-11 EEP09001 2-ii Impingement Monitoring LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3 Figure 2-4 Figure 2-5 Figure 2-6 Figure 2-7 Figure 2-8 Figure 2-9 Figure 2-10 Figure 2-11 Ristroph modified traveling screen.Fish counting pool.Salinity and temperature (mean) by month as observed during 2008 impingement sampling.Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of blueback herring taken in impingement sampling at the Salemcirculating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of blueback herring taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of alewife taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of alewife taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/106 meters 3) of American shad taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of American shad taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of Atlantic menhaden taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of Atlantic menhaden taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Page 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-19 2-20 2-22 2-23 2-25 2-26 FEP09001 2-iiiImpingement Monitoring Figure 2-12 Figure 2-13 Figure 2-14 Figure 2-15 Figure 2-16 Figure 2-17 Figure 2-18 Figure 2-19 Figure 2-20 Figure 2-21 Figure 2-22 Monthly mean density (n/l 06 meters 3) of bay anchovy taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of bay anchovy taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/1 0 6 meters 3) of Atlantic silverside taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of Atlantic silverside taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/l 06 meters 3) of white perch taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating waterintake structure during 2008.Length frequency of white perch taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/106 meters 3) of striped bass taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of striped bass taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of bluefish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of bluefish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/l 06 meters 3) of weakfish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.2-28 2-29 2-31 2-32 2-34 2-35 2-37 2-38 2-40 2-41 2-43 EEP09001 2-iv Impingement Monitoring 0 Figure 2-23 Figure 2-24 Figure 2-25 Figure 2-26 Figure 2-27 Length frequency of weakfish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/l 06 meters 3) of spot taken in impingement sampling at the Salemcirculating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of spot taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of Atlanticcroaker taken in impingement sampling at the Salemcirculating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of Atlantic croaker taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.2-44 2-46 2-47 2-49 2-50 EEP09001 2-v Impingement Monitoring IMPINGEMENT MONITORING INTRODUCTION Impingement monitoring is conducted annually as stipulated in the New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NJPDES) permit issued for the Salem Generating Station (SGS).The specified monitoring was performed in 2008 as described in the Procedures Manual for Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary (PSEG 2002). The objectives of this monitoring program are to estimate the temporal occurrence and abundance of each fish species impinged at Salem Units I and 2, and to estimate their initial survival.

These estimates are important parameters for assessing the effects of Salem on the Delaware Estuary's fish populations.

During 2008, there were refueling and maintenance outages at Salem Unit 2 from March 11, 2008 through May 6, 2008 and at Salem Unit 1 from October 12, 2008 through November 9, 2008, when a reduced number of circulating water pumps were in service. However, during the remainder of the year, nearly 85% of the impingement samples were collected when 11 or 12 circulating pumps were in operation. This chapter presents the overall results of sampling and specific findings regarding the occurrence of SGS finfish target species: blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), American shad (Alosa sapidissima), Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), white perch (Morone americana), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), bluefish (Poniatomus saltatrix), weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus).

MATERIALS AND METHODS Impingement abundance sampling during 2008 was scheduled three days per week during January through December.

Sampling consisted often (10) samples taken at approximately 21/2-hr intervals during each 24-hr period. The 24-hr sampling event provided for monitoring over a complete diel period and two full tidal cycles. The three 24-hr periods were chosen randomly within the seven-day weekly sampling time frame. During 2008, all of the 1,570 scheduled samples were collected.

Organisms impinged on the continuously rotating traveling screens at Salem are lifted from the river in water-filled buckets or troughs fitted at the bottom of each screen panel (Figure 2-1).These buckets provide a temporary environment during the vertical transport of the screen, and are designed to prevent most organisms from falling back into the screen well and becoming re-impinged.

As the bucket travels over the head or top sprocket, organisms slide onto the screen face and are spray-washed into the fish trough by a low-pressure spray. The screen continues its downward movement and debris on the screen mesh is washed into the debris trough by a high-pressure wash. These fish and debris troughs converge and discharge to the Delaware River either to the north or south of the circulating water intake structure depending on tidal current direction to reduce re-impingement.

To collect impingement samples, a timed sub-sample of total flow from the converged fish and debris troughs was diverted into the appropriate north or EEP09001 2-1!Impingement Monitoring south fish counting pool (Figure 2-2) as dictated by tide and trough discharge direction.

Sample duration ranged from one to five minutes, and was dependent largely on specimen and detrital abundance.

Sample duration was one minute for 58% of the collections in 2008. At the end of the timed interval, trough flow was returned to the river discharge mode, and the sample was allowed a five-minute acclimation period before the pool was drained. As the pool was drained, debris (vegetative matter) was examined for finfish and blue crab, and any found were included in the collection.

The condition of the specimens collected was determined according to thefollowing criteria:

Live -Swimming vigorously, no apparent orientation problems, behavior normal Dead -No vital signs, no body or opercular movement, no response to gentle probing Damaged -Struggling or swimming on side, evidence or indication of abrasionor laceration Specimens in each category were sorted by species, and the total number and weight of each was determined.

All specimens or a representative subsample (at least 100 specimens) of eachspecies, drawn equally from each condition category, if possible, were measured to the nearest millimeter. Weights were determined to the nearest 0.1 g with an Acculab Model 121 electronic scale.The following parameters were recorded with all samples: the number of pumps and screens in operation, screen speed, tidal stage and elevation, air temperature, sky condition, wind direction, wave height, water temperature, and salinity.

Air and water temperatures were measured with a field thermometer, and salinity was measured using a refractometer.

Detritus taken with the sample was weighed to the nearest 0.1 kg with a Chatillon suspended scale.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONCollection totals of 35,292 finfish of at least 61 species and 37 families, and 9,775 blue crab were taken in 1,570 samples (2,303 min sampled) at the Salem CWIS during 2008 (Table 2-1).All SGS designated finfish target species were taken, and summaries on the period of occurrence and abundance (expressed as a density in terms of the number/million cubic meters of intake water or n/1 0 6 m 3), initial survival (species catches of < 5 individuals in a given month are not considered in the discussion), and length for each of these species are presented below in phylogenetic order. Target species include: blueback herring, alewife, American shad, Atlantic menhaden, bay anchovy, Atlantic silverside, white perch, striped bass, bluefish, weakfish, spot, and Atlantic croaker.Blueback herring -A total of 112 specimens was taken in impingement samples during 2008;collection frequency was 74 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during January through April, November and December (Figure 2-4). During their period of occurrence, monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 12.4 0 C and from EEP09001 2-2 Impingement Monitoring 1.7 to 10.0 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3). Blueback herring were most abundant in March with a mean density of 47.32 (Figure 2-4). During the other months in which they occurred, densities ranged from 2.98 in December, to 23.83 in November.

Annual percent live and dead was 87 and 13, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens taken) initial survival ranged from 72% in February to 100% in November (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was48-108 mm FL, howeverindividuals ranging from 53 to 83 FL comprised 91% of the subsample measured (Figure 2-5).Alewife -A total of 10 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 9 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during January through May and December (Figure 2-6).During their period of occurrence, monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 16.6°C and from 1.7 to 5.9 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3). Alewife were most abundant in March with a mean density of 3.15 (Figure 2-6). In the other months of their occurrence, densities ranged from 0.75 in December, to 2.59 in February.

Annual percent live and damaged was 80 and 20, respectively (Tables 2-1). Length range was53-228 mm FL, and all but two of the individuals measured were < 93 mm (Figure 2-7).American shad -A total of 26 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 24 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during January, May, and October through December (Figure 2-8). During their period of occurrence, monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 5.4 to 17.0°C and from 3.8 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3). American shad were similarly abundant in four out of the five months in which they occurred. Monthly mean density was highest in November at 5.78, and in January, October, and December, mean densities were secondarily and similarly high at 4.78, 3.80, and 4.48, respectively (Figure 2-8).During May, density was 1.04. Annual percent live and dead was 96 and 4, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 80% in January to 100% in all other months of occurrence (Tables 2-i and 2-2). Length range was53-103 mm FL, and all but three of the individuals measured were < 93 mm (Figure 2-9).Atlantic menhaden -A total of 883 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 338 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during all months of 2008, when monthly meanwater temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8°C and from 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figures 2-3 and 2-10). Atlantic menhaden were most abundant in June with a density of 276.99 (Figure 2-10). During the other months in which they occurred, monthly mean densities ranged from 3.73 in December to 98.14 in May. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 69, 24 and 7, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 8% in August to 97% in June (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). During late August of 2008, Atlantic menhaden with lesions caused by the protozoan Kudoa spp. (identification based on pers. comm.with Roy Miller and John Clark of DE/DNREC) were observed.

During the period from August 27, 2008 through the remainder of the year, 71% of the Atlantic menhaden collected had these lesions. Initial survival of these infected specimens was 17%, as compared with initial survival of 74% of those not visibly infected (n=50) during the same period. Length range was28-333 mm FL, and specimens ranging from 33 to 113 FL comprised

>92% of the individuals measured (Figure 2-11). The modal length in June, the month of highest abundance, was 38 mm.EEP09001 2-3 Impingement Monitoring Bay anchovy -A total of 1,103 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 466 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during all months of 2008 when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8°C and from 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figures 2-3 and 2-12). Bay anchovy exhibited two periods of abundance.

The first and highestperiod occurred in April and May when the mean densities were 259.49 and 150.34, respectively (Figure 2-12). The second period of abundance occurred in October and November when mean densities were 103.17 and 148.00, respectively. In all other months of their occurrence, abundance ranged from' 1.91 in January to 78.91 in June. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 83, 16 and 1, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 29% in March to 96% in October and November (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was 28 to 103 mm FL, however individuals ranging from 38 to 78 mm FL comprised

> 93% of the subsample measured (Figure 2-13). The modal length in April, the month of highest abundance, was 48 mm, Atlantic silverside

-A total of 859 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 284 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during all months of 2008, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8'C and from 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figures 2-3 and 2-14). Atlantic silverside were most abundant in December with a mean density of 186.56 (Figure 2-14). Atlantic silverside was secondarily abundant in January and November with mean densities of 129.15 and 157.39, respectively.

In the other months of their occurrence, density ranged from 1.58 in June to 83.87 in February. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 96, 3 and 1, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 83% in May to 100% in April and August (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). The length range was38-118 mm FL, however individuals ranging from 58 to 98 mm FL comprised > 94% of the subsample measured (Figure 2-15). The modal length in December, the month of highest abundance, was 68 mm.White perch

-A total of 10,106 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 796 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected during all months of 2008, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8°C and from. 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3 and 2-16). White perch were generally abundant during late fall, winter and early spring months, with the highest monthly mean density of 2,503.63 occurring in December (Figure 2-16). During the other months of this aforementioned seasonal abundance, densities ranged from 910.20 in March to 2,188.88 in January. During the other months of their occurrence, densities ranged from 2.58 in September to 56.38 in May. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 97, 1 and 2, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 31% in June to 100% in October (Tables,2-1 and 2-2). Length range was33-298 mm FL, and specimens ranging from 53 to 153 mm FL comprised

>96% of the individuals measured (Figure 2-17). The modal length in December, the month of highest abundance, was 63 mm.Striped bass -A total of 497 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 250 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected in all months of 2008, except May, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8°C and from 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3 and 2-18). Striped bass were most abundant in November when the mean density was 111.91 and secondarily abundant in December, when the mean density was EEP09001 2-4Impingement Monitoring 95.52 (Figure 2-18). In other months of their occurrence, monthly mean density ranged from 0.79 in June to 66.47 in April. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 98, 1 and 1, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 67% in September to 100% in January, February, July, October, and December (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was23-468 mm FL, and > 84% of all individuals measured were < 98 mm (Figure 2-19). The modal length in November, the month of highest abundance, was 68 mm.Bluefish -A total of 87 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 57 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected from May through November, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 10.7 to 26.8'C and from 5.8 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figures 2-3 and 2-20). Bluefish abundance was highest in May, when the mean density was 34.45 and secondarily abundant in June, when the mean density was 22.89 (Figure 2-20).Monthly mean densities in the other months of occurrence ranged from 0.72 in November to 7.60 in October. Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 82, 16 and 2, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 63% in September to 100% in October (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was48-178 mm FL, and > 83% of all individuals measured were < 98 mm FL (Figure 2-2 1).Weakfish -A total of 4,652 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 450 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected in May through December, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 6.1 to 26.8°C and from 3.8 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figures 2-3 and 2-22). Weakfish abundance was highest in July when the monthly mean density was 1,468.40 and secondarily high in August when the monthly mean density was 903.26. In the remaining months of their occurrence, mean density ranged from 1.04 in May to 270.91 in September.

Annual percent live and dead was 95 and 5, respectively; monthly (> 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 70% in December to 99% in October (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was 8-248 mm TL, however individuals ranging from 38 to 88 mm TL comprised

> 93% of the subsample measured (Figure 2-23). The modal length in July, the month of highest abundance, was 63 mm.Spot -A total of 361 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 230 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected in May through December, when monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 6.1 to 26.8°C and from 3.8 to 11.4 ppt, respectively (Figure 2-3 and 2-24). Spot were similarly abundant in October and November, when monthly mean densities were 42.41 and 40.43, respectively (Figure 2-24). In other months of their occurrence, density ranged from 13.57 in May, to 38.77 in September.

Annual percent live, dead and damaged was 95, 1 and 4, respectively; monthly ( 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 90% in July to 100% in May and June (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was33-188 mm TL;and specimens ranging from 63 to 163 mm comprised

> 91% of the individuals measured (Figure 2-25). The modal length in October, the month of highest abundance, was 123 and 128 mm.Atlantic croaker -A total of 8,322 specimens was taken; collection frequency was 756 out of 1,570 samples (Table 2-1). They were collected in all months of 2008, when mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.8°C and from 1.7 to 11.4 ppt, respectively EEP09001 2-5Impingement Monitoring (Figures 2-3 and 2-26). Atlantic croaker were most abundant in January when monthly mean density was 3,301.50 and secondarily and similarly abundant in May and June, when monthly mean densities were 1,553.49 and 1,382.59, respectively (Figure 2-26). During other months of occurrence, densities ranged from 7.75 in September to 383.57 in December.

Annual percent live and dead was 97 and 3, respectively; monthly (>_ 5 specimens) initial survival ranged from 60% in September to 99% in November and December (Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Length range was13-213 mm TL; individuals ranging from 28 to 88 mm TL comprised 96% of the subsample measured (Figure 2-27). The modal length in January, the month of highest abundance, was 38 mm.EEP09001 2-6 Impingement Monitoring LITERATURE CITED Public Service Electric &

Gas Co. (PSE&G). 1999a. Salem Generating Station, NJPDES Permit Renewal Application.

Public Service Electric & Gas Co., Newark, NJ.Public Service Enterprise Group. (PSEG). 2002. Procedures Manual for Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary.

EEP09001 2-7 Impingement Monitoring Table 2-1 Annual catch statistics of finfish and blue crab taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structure, January through December 2008 Number of samples = 1,570 Total minutes sampled = 2,303 Total pump volume sampled (cubic meters) = 15,262,588.8 Detritus mean density (kg/million cubic meters) =

881.1 Species Collection Initial Percent Total Mean Density Frequency Live Dead Damaged Collected (n/I 0 6 m 3)Blue crab Callinectes sapidus 865 100 9,775 640.45 Lampreys -Petromyontidae Sea lamprey Petromyion marinus 4 80 20 5 0.33 Freshwater eels -Anguillidae American eel Anguilla rostrata 53 64 10 26 58 3.80 Conger eels -Congridae Conger eel Conger oceanicus 3 67 33 3 0.20 Herrings -Clupeidae American shad Alosa sapidissinia 24 96 4 26 1.70Blueback herring Alosa aestivalis 74 87 13 112 7.34 Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus 9 80 20 10 0.66 Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus 338 69 24 7 883 57.85 Gizzard shad Dorosonia cepedianum 357 94 2 4 1,199 78.56 Anchovies

-Engraulidae Striped anchovy Anchoa hepsetus 7 86 14 7 0.46Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 466 83 16 1 1,103 72.27 Carps and minnows -CyprinidaeCommon carp Cyprinus carpio 1 100 1 0.07 Eastern silvery minnow Hybognathus regius 98 98 2 257 16.84 Suckers -CatostomidaeWhite sucker Catostonius commersonii 1 100 1 0.07 North American catfishes

-Ictaluridae Yellow bullhead Ameiurus natalis 4 75 25 4 0.26 Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus 12 75 25 12 0.79 Pikes -EsocidaeRedfin pickerel Esox amnericanis 1 100 1 0.07 Phycid hakes -PhycidaeRed hake Urophvcis chuss 3 100 3 0.20 Spotted hake Uroph cis rega 92 96 3 1 230 15.07 Toadfishes

-BatrachoididaeOyster toadfish Opsanus tau 49 98 2 57 3.73 Mullets -Mugilidae Striped mullet Mugil ephalus 17 100 17 1.11 Cusk-eels

-Ophidiidae Striped cusk-eel Ophidion marginatum 172 99 1 546 35.77 Needlefishes

-Belonidae Atlantic needlefish Strongvlura marina 1 100 1 0.07 EEP09001 2-8Impingement Monitoring Table 2-1 continued.

Species Collection Initial Percent Total Mean Density Frequency Live Dead Damaged Collected (n/10 6 m')Killifishes

-Cyprinodontidae Mummichog Fundulus heteroclitis 13 100 15 0.98 Striped killifish Fundidus majalis 2 100 2 0.13 Silversides

-Atherinidae Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia 284 96 3 1 859 56.28 Stickleback

-GasterosteidaeThreespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus 3 100 3 0.20 Pipefishes

-SyngnathidaeLined seahorse Hippocampus erectus 1 100 1 0.07Northern pipefish Sm nathusfitscus 44 100 47 3.08 Searobins

-Triglidae Northern searobin .Prionotus carolinus 32 96 4 53 3.47 Temperate basses -Percichthyidae White perch Morone americana 796 97 1 2 10,106 662.14 Striped bass Morone saxatilis 250 98 1 1 497 32.56 Sea basses -Serranidae Black sea bass Centropristis striata 11 100 11 0.72 Sunfishes

-Centrarchidae Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus 31 94 3 3 35 2.29 Largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides 1 100 1 0.07 Perches -PercidaeTessellated darter Etheostoma olmstedi 1 100 1 0.07 Yellow perch Percafl aescens 21 100 23 1.51 Bluefishes

-Pomatomidae Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix 57 82 16 2 87 5.70 Jacks -Carangidae Crevalle jack Caranx hippos 1 100 2 0.13 Lookdown Selene vomer 1 100 1 0.07Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus 1 100 1 0.07 Permit Trachinotus falcatus 2 100 2 0.13 Porgies -Sparidae Scup Stenotomus chrvsop 2 50 50 2 0.13 Sheepshead Archosargus probatocephalus 5 100 6 0.39 Drums -Sciaenidae Weakfish Cvnoscion regalis 450 95 5 4,652 304.80Silver perch Bairdiella chrysoura 70 93 2 5 100 6.55 Spot Leiostomus xanthurus 230 95 1 4 361 23.65 Northern kingfish Menticirrhus saxatilis 12 100 12 0.79 Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus 756 97 3 8,322 545.25 Black drum Pogonias cromis 68 98 1 1 190 12.45 EEP09001 2-9 Impingement Monitoring Table 2-1 continued.

Species Collection Initial Percent Total Mean Density Frequency Live Dead Damaged Collected (n/l 0 6 m 3)Butterflyfishes

-Chaetodontidae Spotfin butterflyfish Chaetodon ocellatus 1 100 1 .0.07 Wrasses -Labridae Tautog Tautoga onitis 1 100 1 0.07 Stargazers

-Uranoscopidae Northern stargazer Astroscopus ,attatus 7 100 7 0.46 Combtooth blennies -Blenniidae Feather blenny Hypsoblennius hent: 1 100 1 0.07 Clingfishes

-Gobiesocidae Skilletfish Gobiesox strumosus 18 100 20 1.31 Sleepers -EleotridaeFat sleeper Dormitator maculatus 1 100 1 0.07 Gobies -Gobiidae Naked goby Gobiosoma bosc 35 98 2 41 2.69 Butterfishes

-Stromateidae Butterfish Peprihs triacanthus 2 50 50 2 0.13 Lefteye flounders

-BothidaeSmallmouth floonder Etropus microstomus 1 100 1 0.07Summer flounder Paralichthvs dentatus 26 94 3 3 31 2.03 Windowpane Scophthalmus aquosus 2 100 2 0.13 American soles -Achiridae Hogchoker Trinectes maculaes 786 100 5,248 343.85 Unknown spp. Unknown spp.

7 63 38 8 0.52 EEP09001 2-10 Impingement Monitoring Table 2-2 Monthly percentages live (L), dead (D), and damaged (D*) for target species taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structure during 2008. n=number of individuals sampled. Values represent initial observed condition.

Blueback herring Alewife American shad Month n L D D* n L D D* n L D D*January 4 100 2 100 5 80 20 February 25 72 28 3 100 March 30 80 20 2 50 50 April 16 88 13 1 100 May 1 100 1 100 June July August September October 6 100 November 33 100 8 100 December 4 100 1 100 6 100 Total 112 10 26 Atlantic menhaden Bay anchovy Atlantic silverside Month n L D D* n L D D* n L D D*January 9 78 22 2 100 135 96 4 1 February 52 79 17 4 21 62 33 5 97 84 9 7 March 27 89 11 7 29 57 14 18 94 6 April 62 63 37 203 83 16 1 5 100 May 94 88 11 1 144 85 15 12 83 17 June 351 97 3 100 49 47 4 2 100 July 13 62 23 15 40 65 35 4 100 August 108 8 64 28 69 67 29 4 25 100 September

.104 22 67 11 114 89 11 37 97 3 October 34 38 32 29 163 96 4 56 98 2 November 24 79 17 4 205 96 4 218 99 1 December 5 60 40 35 80 20 250 99 1 Total 883 1,103 859 EEP09001 2-11 Impingement Monitoring Table 2-2 Continued.Monthly percentages live (L), dead (D), and damaged (D*) for target species taken in impingement sampling at the Salem Generating Stationcirculating water intake structure during 2008. n-number of individuals sampled. Values represent initial observed condition.

White perch Striped bass Bluefish Month n L D D* n L D D* n L D D*January 2,288 97 1 2 64 100 February 1.203 93 1 5 33 100 March 577 97 1 3 20 95 5 April 891 95 1 3 52 96 4 May 54 67 6 28 33 82 18 June 36 31 22 47 1 100 29 79 17 3 July 18 50 11 39 12 100 1 100 August 8 50 50 14 86 14 3 100 September 5 60 40 6 67 17 17 8 63 25 13 October 29 1to0 12 100 12 100 November 1,642 99 155 97 3 1 100 December 3,355 99 1 128 100 Total 10,106 497 87 Weakfish Spo t Atlantic croaker Month n L D D* n L D D* n L D D*January 3,451 95 4 February 1 _ 327 85 11 4 March 58 90 9 2 April 254 95 5 May 1 100 13 100 1,488 98 2 June 54 81 19 37 100 1 1 1,752 98 2 July 1,994 93 6 31 90 3 6 192 98 1 1 August 1,646 96 4 47 91 2 6 50 94 2 4 September 524 98 2 75 92 8 15 60 13 27 October 401 99 1 67 97 3 20 95 5 November 22 95 5 56 95 5 201 99 1 December 10 70 30 35 97 3 514 99 1 Total 4,652 361 8,322 0 EEP09001 2-12' Impingement Monitoring FISH TROUGH FISH BUCKET SCREEN TRAVEL FLOW m N, HIGH-PRESSURE WASH No LOW PRESSURE WASH Figure 2-1. Ristroph modified traveling screen.0 EEP09001 2-13 Impingement Monitoring TRAVELING SCREEN FISH AND DEBRIS TROUGH TRANSITION RAMP FIBERGLASS FISH SLIDE 0 FISH COUNTING POOL Figure 2-2.Fish counting pool.EEP09001 2-14 Impingement Monitoring 30 16-IMPt'KAIUKE 14 25 -- SALINITY 12 20 5 -8 6 8~15_, I 5 -0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-3. Salinity and temperature (mean) by month as observed during 2008 impingement sampling.EEP09001 2-15 Impingement Monitoring BLUEBACK HERRING DENSITY 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-4. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of blueback herring taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008 BLUEBACK HERRING EEP09001 2-16 Impingement Monitoring JANUARY APRIL 4 z W 5 4 Z 2I 0 0 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)MAY- OCTOBER 9 8 7 L)5 01 4 LI 3 2 0 2 z-NONE TAKEN 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)MARCH 0 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 12 11 10 9>" 8 Z 7 6 5 4. 4 3 2-1-0-43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)9 8 7.>- 6 CL)z5 o'4 S3.2 1~0*43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-5. Length frequency of blueback herring taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.BLUEBACK HERRING 0 EEP09001 2-17 Impingement Monitoring DECEMBER 2 z 0 43 53 63 73 83 93 i03 113 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-5. Continued.

EEP09001 2-18Impingement Monitoring ALEWIFE DENSITY 3.5 P z 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-6. Monthly mean density (n/l 0 6 meters 3) of alewife taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-19 Impingement Monitoring ALEWIFE JANUARY APRIL C.)0'3 0 2 0 2 z L1l 0.48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)MAY 2 C):2-I 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)JUNE -NOVEMBER 0 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mrm)MARCH_ __I 9 C)z 0l 0-NONE TAKEN48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)228 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-7. Length frequency of alewife taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-20 Impingement Monitoring ALEWIFE DECEMBER 2 048 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-7. Continued.

EEP09001 2-21Impingement Monitoring AMERICAN SHAD DENSITY 7=5 4 4 S3 2 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-8. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of American shad taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-22Impingement Monitoring AMERICAN SHAD JANUARY JUNE -SEPTEMBER 5 4 2 CY)r 1)NONE TAKEN I 0o i:I I48 58 68 78 88 98 108 A 0 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY -APRIL LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 2 U-z z 2 NONE TAKEN 0 )1 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 LENGTH (mm)MAY 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 2 z U)1 U)1 U z LI)Ce0 158 0 7 1 88 98 10 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-9. Length frequency of American shad taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-23Impingement Monitoring AMERICAN SHAD DECEMBER 4 3 z 0 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-9. Continued.

EEP09001 2-24Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC MENHADEN DENSITY 2 0q 0 300 280 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-10. Monthly mean density (n/106 meters 3) of Atlantic menhaden taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-25Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC MENHADEN JANUARY APRIL 5 4 U 3 0 z-U), 23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)MAY z W 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 z U)353 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)MARCH 23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)JUNE U)CY 11-10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 23 z Cr)85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 23 1I I53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-11. Length frequency of Atlantic menhaden taken in impingement sampling at the Salemcirculating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-26 Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC MENHADEN JULY OCTOBER 3>" 2 z W 0 U z 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 tI H-~ ~ ~,23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 z 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12-10 6-4-2-0n n n n 3 2 z-ii I 0 v23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)v23 53 83 113 143 173 203 233 263 293 323 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-11. Continued.

EEP09001 2-27 Impingement Monitoring BAY ANCHOVY DENSITY S 280 260-240 220 200 180 4 160 140 120 100 80 060 40 20 0~JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-12. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of bay anchovy taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-28Impingement Monitoring BAY ANCHOVY JANUARY 2 z I'd z 0,)23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 7 6 5 4 3 2 023 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 APRIL 70 65 60 55 50 45 Z 40 35 c4 25 15 10 523 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)MAY 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 0 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)MARCH LENGTH (mm)JUNE 4 3 z 2 CY 0 28 26 24 22 20> 18 Z 16 D 14C' 12 10 U- 8 6 4 2 0 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm).LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-13. Length frequency of bay anchovy taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-29Impingement Monitoring BAY ANCHOVY JULY OCTOBER 10 9 8>.7 z 6 5 43 2 0 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 11 10 9-8 7 z ce 4 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEM BER 36 33 30 27>- 24 Z 21 S18 S15 12 9 6 3 01 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 36 33 30>. 27 U 24 21 15 12 9 6 3 0 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 44 40 36 32 u 28 z 24 C 20 16 12 8 4 023 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER zII 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 23 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-13. Continued.

EEP09001 2-30Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE DENSITY 200 180 2 160'- 140 120 100 80 60 z 0 40 20 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-14. Monthly mean density (n/1 0 6 meters 3) of Atlantic silverside taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-31 Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE 9 JANUARY APRIL 34 32 30 28 26 24> 22 z 20 S18 16 14 12 S10 8 6 4 2 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 3 2 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (num)MAY C-)O,'20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 2 033 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)M ARCH 6 5 z 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 5 4 3 22 0)2 z 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-15. Length frequency of Atlantic silverside taken in impingement sampling at the Salemcirculating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-32 Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE JULY OCTOBER 2-z 0 z 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 5 4 3 2 033 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 7 6 5 Z4 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEM BER 9 8 7>"6 S3 2 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 39 36 33 30>27 24 w 21 18 15 a 12 9 6 3 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 45 40 35>- 30 z 25 c' 20 15 10 5 0 33 43 53 63 73 83 93 103 113 123 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-15. Continued.

EEP09001 2-33 Impingement Monitoring WHITE PERCH DENSITY 9 2800 2600 ,-, 2400 10 2200= 2000.1800 Z 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-16. Monthly mean density (n/I 06 meters 3) of white perch taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-34 Impingement Monitoring WHITE PERCH JANUARY APRIL U z 300 -270 240 210 180 150 120 90 60 30 0 28 II 150 140 130 120 110>' 100 , 90 LI 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 058 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 8 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)MAY z-z 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 28 II 8 7 6 C-)5 4 6 3 2 0 28 58 58 88 118 18 fl 78, 2 2 2 958 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 8 178 208 238 268 298 88 118 14>.)z LI)LENGTH (mm)MARCH 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 A 0 L 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)z LENGTH (mm)JUNE 5 4 3 2 0 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-17. Length frequency of white perch taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-35 Impingement Monitoring WHITE PERCH

@JULY OCTOBER 7 6 5 0 z C-)4 3 2 028 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mrm)AUGUST 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER>"2 0-28 LID 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER I 9 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 2 7 LI-U-7 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 1ll _ _ 1 28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)28 58 88 118 148 178 208 238 268 298 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-17. Continued.

EEP09001 2-36Impingement Monitoring STRIPED BASS DENSITY 120+ 10080 60 40 20~ 20 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-18. Monthly mean density (n/106 meters 3) of striped bass taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-37Impingement Monitoring STRIPED BASS JANUARY APRIL z C>11 -10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 18 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0-18'Ila 9-8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0--18 Ji"'flH 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)MAY 2 C/NONE TAKEN 0 063 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)JUNE MARCH 7 6 5 C)Z 4 C3 2 0 2 C)z 0 18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (nam)18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-19. Length frequency of striped bass taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-38Impingement Monitoring STRIPED BASS JULY OCTOBER 4 z ZD 2 1*3 2 zU U A A 0 18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 0 18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 6 5>"4 3 z ,.*, 0 2 0 z 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9'6 3 0n n 18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 18 8 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER U 18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)18 63 108 153 198 243 288 333 378 423 468 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-19.

Continued.

EEP09001 2-39 Impingement Monitoring BLUEFISH DENSITY 40 35 25 20 15210 0 0 J F M o ' AR AP MA JUN JUL AU IsE JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-20. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of bluefish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.S EEP09001 2-40Impingement Monitoring BLUEFISH JANUARY -APRIL JULY 2 1 0, 2 z 0NONE TAKEN43 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)MAY 43 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST z z 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 43 8-7 6 5 4 3 2 I 0 43 2 Q)z rl!58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)JUNE43 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER43 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 z 0 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-21. Length frequency of bluefish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-41Impingement Monitoring BLUEFISH OCTOBER 4 1-043 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 2 Z 0 043 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 2 z NOETAENONE TAKEN 0 43 58 73 88 103 118 133 148 163 178 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-21. Continued.

EEP09001 2-42Impingement Monitoring WEAKFISH DENSITY 1600 1400 1200-1000 800 600 400 200A fA fA f 0 0 JAN FIB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 2-22. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of weakfish taken in impingement sampling atthe Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-43 Impingement Monitoring WEAKFISH JANUARY -APRIL JULY 2 (9 0-2-0-360 320 280 ( 240 z 200' 160-120 80 40 0 NONE TAKEN 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)MAY 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST z 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228-253 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (nmm)SEPTEMBER L14 L1 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 z C, 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-23. Length frequency of weakfish taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-44 Impingement Monitoring WEAKFISH OCTOBER (..)70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 5 4 11 0 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 3 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 3 0 3 28 53 78 103 128 153 178 203 228 253 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-23. Continued.

EEP09001* 2-45Impingement Monitoring SPOT DENSITY 45 40 35 ,30O 25 20 150 10 5-0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 9 Figure 2-24. Monthly mean density (n/10 6 meters 3) of spot taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-46 Impingement Monitoring SPOT JANUARY -APRIL JULY U~0/5 4 2'U-NONE TAKEN 0 -28 0 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)MAY 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST z-D 7-6 5 4 3 2 0 28 C.)L..)0'II'48 68 88 108 128 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 148 168 18828 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 6 5Z 4 0/3 U-2 1 C-)z LU 24 22 4 20.184 164 14-12 10-8 6 .1 4.2 0 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)028 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-25. Length frequency of spot taken water intake structure during 2008.in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating EEP09001 2-47 Impingement Monitoring OCTOBER SPOT 12 11 10 9>"8 Z 7ýD6 L 5 4 3 2 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 13 12 11 10 S8 z w 7 0/ 6 S5 W- 4 3 2 0 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 9 8 7 L/4 S3 2-0128 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-25. Continued.

EEP09001 2-48Impingement Monitoring 0 ATLANTIC CROAKER DENSITY 3500 3000 , 2500 4 2000 1500 1000 C ,uu *JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 0 -Figure 2-26. Monthly mean density (n/I 06 meters 3) of Atlantic croaker taken in impingement sampling atthe Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 2-49 Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC CROAKER 0 JANUARY APRIL.500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 70 65 60 55 50 45 Z 4035 30 2520 15 10 5 0 0 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)MAY z w 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 350 325 300 275 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 8 28 0 U 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 20848 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mrm)MARCH LENGTH (mm)JUNE U z 13 12I I 10 9 8 7 5 4 3 0 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 U 300 275 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 08q 28 48 68 88 109 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-27. Length frequency of Atlantic croaker taken in impingement sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EE-P09001 2-50Impingement Monitoring ATLANTIC CROAKER z.z JULY 36 33 30 27 24 21 18 15 12-I-~9 6-3 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 7 6 z 5 4 3 2 1 0 OCTOBER LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 8 7 6 5 z 4 23 2 0 6 5 U 0-3 C-)z 70 60 50 40 30 20 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEM BER 10 0 175 150 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER z 125 100 75 50 25 0.-MEL;mu 8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)8 28 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 LENGTH (mm)Figure 2-27.

Continued.

EEP09001 2-51 Impingement Monitoring I CHAPTER 3: ENTRAINMENT ABUNDANCE TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES 3-ii LIST OF FIGURES 3-iii INTRODUCTION 3-1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 3-1 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3-2 LITERATURE CITED 3-9 EEP09001 3-i Entrainment Abundance LIST OF TABLES Page Table 3-1 Annual summary of finfish species by lifestage, number collected and mean density taken in entrainment abundance collections at the Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structureduring January through December 2008. 3-10 EEP09001 3-ii Entrainment Abundance LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 3-1 Schematic of the Salem Generating Station circulatingwater intake structure with entrainment abundance sampling locations indicated by

• 3-12 Figure 3-2 Plankton pump and abundance chamber used in entrainment sampling.

3-13 Figure 3-3 Cut away view showing entrainment collection net inside abundance chamber. 3-14 1 Figure 3-4 Salinity and temperature (mean) by month as observed during 2008 impingement sampling.

3-15 Figure 3-5 Monthly mean density (n/I 00m 3) of Atlantic menhaden eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-16 Figure 3-6 Length frequency of Atlantic menhaden taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-17 Figure 3-7 Monthly mean density (n/00m 3) of bay anchovy eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-19 Figure 3-8 Length frequency of bay anchovy taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-20 Figure 3-9 Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of Menidia spp. eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-22 Figure 3-10 Length frequency of Menidia spp. taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-23 Figure 3-11 Monthly mean density (n/100m

3) of white perch eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008. 3-25 EEP09001 3-iii Entrainment Abundance 0 LIST OF FIGURES (cont'd)Page Figure 3-12 Figure 3-13 Figure 3-14 Figure 3-15 Figure 3-16 Figure 3-17 Figure 3-18 Figure 3-19 Figure 3-20 Figure 3-21 Figure 3-22 Length frequency of white perch taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/1 00m 3) of striped bass eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating Water intake structure during 2008 Length frequency of striped bass taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/1 00m 3) of Morone spp. larvae taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of Morone spp. taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intakestructure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/I 00m 3) of weakfish eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of weakfish taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of spot juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of spot taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Monthly mean density (n/l00m 3) of Atlantic croaker larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.Length frequency of Atlantic croaker taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.3-26 3-28 3-29 3-30 3-31 3-32 3-33 3-35 3-36 3-37 3-38 EEP09001 3-iv Entrainment Abundance ENTRAINMENT ABUNDANCE INTRODUCTION Entrainment monitoring is conducted annually as stipulated by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection in the New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit for Salem Generating Station, and will continue through the term of the permit. The specified monitoring was performed as described in the Procedures Manual for Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary (PSEG 2002). The objective of this monitoring program is to produce accurate density estimates of fish entrained through the Circulating Water Intake System (CWIS) at Salem Units I and 2.This chapter presents the overall results of sampling and specific findings for the year 2008 regarding the occurrence of the Salem finfish target species: blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), American shad (Alosa sapidissirna), Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), white perch (Morone anmericana), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), bluefish (Pornatornus saltatrix), weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spot (Leiostonius xanthurus), and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus).

These species were defined in the Salem 316(b) Demonstration (PSE&G 1999).MATERIALS AND METHODS In 2008, entrainment abundance sampling was divided into two periods of frequency and intensity.

During the months of January through March and August through December, routine entrainment sampling was scheduled during three 24-hour events per week with seven collections taken at approximately equal intervals during each event. During the months of Aprilthrough July, intensive entrainment sampling occurred during four events scheduled each week with 14 samples scheduled at equal intervals during each event. Each event monitored a complete diel period encompassing two tidal cycles.During each 24-hour sampling event, samples were collected at the midpoint of the water column in the intake bay of circulating water pump 12B or 22A, using the Paco (Model 52-6013-21-342000) fish pump and the entrainment abundance chamber (Figures 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3).The fish pump used for sampling was a 6-inch (15.2-cm), single-port impeller, centrifugal pump, and the abundance chamber consisted of a 260-gallon (I-iM 3) cylindrical tank containing a 1.0-m diameter, 0.5-mm mesh, conical plankton net within which the sample was concentrated.

The abundance chamber was filled with water during sampling, and cushioned the captured fish specimens against mechanical damage. The sample rate was approximately 1.0 m 3/minute.Sample volume and flow rate were determined using a Sparling Envirotech flowmeter (Model 115). Flowmeter calibration was checked and maintained within factory specifications on a monthly basis throughout 2008. Samples were preserved immediately in a 10 percent formalin/rose-bengal solution.

During each sample, the following parameters were recorded: water temperature, salinity, tidal elevation and stage, and the number of circulating water pumps and traveling screens in operation.

Water temperature was measured with a field thermometer, EEP09001 3-1 Entrainment Abundance and salinity was measured using a refractometer.

In the laboratory, all fish specimens were:

washed in freshwater, removed from the sampledetritus, transferred to isopropanol, and identified to the lowest practicable taxonomic level, usually to species. Some specimens could not be identified to species because of the lack ofidentifying characteristics.

Specimens that were in good condition but possessed no distinguishing characteristics were listed as 'unidentified' at the family level, while specimens in such poor physical condition that no genus or family level identification could be made were designated as 'unidentifiable fish'.Each specimen's life stage was determined (i.e. egg, larva, juvenile, or adult) in accordance with the procedures manual (PSEG 2002), and the total number of each was recorded:

For eachspecies, the length of up to 50 specimens of each life stage, except eggs, was measured to the nearest I mm. Total length (TL) was used for all larvae and those juveniles and adults without forked tails. Fork length (FL) was used for those juveniles and adults with forked tails.Densities are expressed as number per 100 cubic meters (n/100m 3). A volume-weighted mean density was calculated by dividing the total number of specimens in the samples by the total sample volume filtered during a given time period.

Entrainment abundance and physical-chemical data were summarized by month and/or year. Sample collection and processing procedures are described in greater detail in the Procedures Manual for Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary (PSEG 2002).Only those fish designated as target species in the Salem 316(b) demonstration (PSE&G 1999)will be discussed in this section. Graphic presentations of abundance and length frequency data were prepared for those target species represented by at least ten total specimens of all life stages collected.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Totals of 19,839 fish eggs, 33,029 larvae, 18,206 juveniles, and 162 adults representing at least 26 species were collected in 1,633 entrainment abundance samples, with 83,299 m 3 of sample water filtered during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens of at least eleven of the twelve target species were collected. They were: blueback herring, alewife, Atlantic menhaden, bay anchovy, Atlantic silverside, white perch, striped bass, bluefish, weakfish, spot, and Atlantic croaker. Monthly mean temperatures ranged from 4.8 to 26.7°C, and salinities from 2.0 to 11.0 ppt (Figure 3-4). A summary of collection data is presented below by phylogenic order for each target taxon.Blueback herring -A total of one juvenile (_20 mm) blueback herring was, taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during November of 2008 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density (n /100m3). was 0.02, when the mean water temperature and salinity were I 0.9 0 C and. 10.0 ppt, respectively (Figure 3-4). The length of the one individual collected Was 56 mm.Alewife -A total of one larval (<20 mm) alewife, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during May of 2008 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density (n/100m

3) was <0.01, andthe mean water temperature and salinity were 16.6°C and 5.7 ppt, respectively (Figure 3-4). The EEP09001 3-2 Entrainment Abundance length of the one individual collected was 8 mm.Alosa spp. -A total of one larval

(<20mm) Alosa spp. (blueback herring oralewife), was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during May of 2008 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density (n/I 00m 3) was <0.01, when the mean water temperature and salinity were 16.6°C and 5.7 ppt, respectively (Figure 3-4). The length of the one individual collected was 10 mm.Atlantic menhaden -A total of 13,500 Atlantic menhaden, including 4,213 larvae and 9,287 juveniles, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1).Specimens representing at least one of these life stages were collected during all months except August and September (Figure 3-5). The abundance of Atlantic menhaden was highest in April, with 6,604 juveniles and 3,117 larvae collected.

Atlantic menhaden larvae (<30 mm) were taken during all months except June, August, andSeptember, when water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.7°C and 2.0 to 11.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-5). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 5.06 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was highest in March at 26.26, similarly high in April at 26.08, and <2.57 during the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-5).Atlantic menhaden juveniles>_0 mm) were collected during January through June, and December, when mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 23.6°C and 2.0to 5.8 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-5). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 11.15 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was highest in April at 55.26, intermediately high inMarch at 39.98, and was <8.65 during the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-5).Based on the specimens measured, the length of Atlantic menhaden collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged from 18 to 71 mm (Figure 3-6). During March through May, individuals from 28 to 33 mm comprised 80% of the total specimens measured.

During this period, the modal length was 30 mm. During the others months of occurrence, modes of distribution ranged from 20 to 33 mm.Bay anchovy -A total of 34,878 bay anchovy, including 19,810 eggs, 13,194 larvae, 1,788 juveniles, and 86 adults, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens representing at least one of these life stages were collected in all months except March (Figure 3-7). Bay anchovy was most abundant in June, with eggs being the predominant lifestage.

Bay anchovy eggs were collected during the months of May through August when mean water temperatures ranged from 16.6 to 26.7°C, and salinity ranged from 5.7 to 8.9 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-7). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 23.78 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density of eggs Was highest in June at 135.89. It was 24.26 in July, and was <0.31 in other months in which they were taken (Figure 3-7).Bay anchovy larvae (<20 mm) were collected during the months of May through October when mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 16.6 to 26.7°C, and 5.7 to 11.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-7). The annual mean density (n/lO0M) was 15.84 (Table 3-1).EEP09001 3-3 Entrainment Abundance Monthly mean density was highest in June at 59.01. It was 43.28 in July and <2.50 during the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-7).Bay anchovy juveniles (20 mm) were collected during all months except March and May, whenmean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.7°C and from 3.1 to 11.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-7). Annual mean density (n/100m

3) was 2.15 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density of juveniles was highest in July at 7.05 and intermediately high in June, August, and September at 2.66, 3.41, and 2.48, respectively.

Densities were< 1.30 during the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-7).Bay anchovy adults were taken during the months of April through July with an annual mean density of 0.10 (Table 3-1 and Figure 3-7). Monthly mean densities ranged from 0.01 to 0.48 in all months of occurrence (Figure 3-7). Monthly mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 12.4 to 26.7°C and from 3.1 to 5.9 ppt, respectively (Figure 3-4).Based on the subsample of the specimens measured, the bay anchovy collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 3 to 69 mm, and 91% were 4 to 25 mm (Figure 3-8). Modal lengths in June and July, the months of relatively high bay anchovy abundance, were 6 and 10 mm, respectively.

Menidia spp. -A total of 85 Atlantic silversides, including 4 eggs, 48 larvae, 10 juveniles and 23 adults, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1).Additionally, 11 rough silverside (Membras martinica) eggs; and 602 Menidia spp.(Menidia/Membras spp.), including 593 larvae and 9 juveniles; were identified.

These silversides were combined in the following discussion and graphic presentations.

This combination was prompted by the distributional overlap, the subtleties of diagnostic and taxonomic features, and the compromised condition of collected specimens.

Hence, the summary presented below includes the aggregate total of 698 Menidia spp., including 15 eggs, 641 larvae, 19 juveniles, and 23 adults. Specimens representing at least one of the above listed life stages were collected during January, February, May through August, November, and December (Figure 3-9). Menidia spp. was most abundant in June, with larvae being the predominant lifestage.

Menidia spp. eggs were collected during May and June when mean, water temperatures and salinities ranged from 16.6 to 23.6°C and 5.7 to 5.8 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-9). Theannual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density of eggs was highest in June at 0.09 (Figure 3-9).Menidia spp. larvae (<15 mm) were collected during May through August when mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 16.6 to 26.7°C and 5.7 to 8.9 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-9). The annual mean density (n/1OOm3) was 0.77 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density of larvae was highest in June at 3.78 and was < 1.04 in the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-9).Menidia spp. juveniles (15 -20 mm) were taken during June and July when the mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 23.6 to 26.7°C and 5.8 to 5.9 ppt, respectively (Figures3-4 and 3-9). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.02 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean EEP09001 3-4 Entrainment Abundance density was highest in June at 0.14 (Figure 3-9).Menidia spp. adults (>20 mm) were taken during the months of January, February, June, July, November, and December when the mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 26.7°C and 3.1 to 10.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-9). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.03 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was highest in December at 0.16 (Figure 3-9).Based on the specimens measured, the Menidia spp. collected during the 2008 entrainmentabundance studies ranged in length from 3 to 73 mm; however 87 % of those measured were from 5 to 12mm (Figure 3-10). During the months of relatively high abundance, i.e., June and July, the modal lengths were 7 and 8 mm, respectively.

White perch -A total of 10 white perch, including 3 larvae and 7 juveniles, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens representing at least one of these lifestages were collected during the months of February through June. White perch was most abundant in April, with juveniles being the predominant lifestage (Figure 3-11).White perch larvae (<20 mm) were taken in May and June when the mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 16.6 to 23.6°C and 5.7 to 5.8 ppt, respectively. (Figures 3-4 and 3-11).The annual mean density (n/O00m 3) was <0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density of larvaewas highest in June at 0.02 (Figure 3-11).White perch juveniles

ý20 mm) were collected in February through April when mean water temperatures and salinities ranged from 4.8 to 12.4°C and 2.0 to 3.1 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-11). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density ofjuveniles was highest in April at 0.04 (Figure 3-11).The white perch collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 3 to 92 mm (Figure 3-12).Striped bass -A total of 1,433 striped bass, including 6 eggs, 1,317 larvae and 110 juveniles, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens representing at least one of these life stages were collected during the months of April throughJuly (Figure 3-13). Striped bass was most abundant in June, with larvae being the predominant lifestage.

Striped bass eggs were collected during April and May when mean water temperatures were 12.4 and 16.6°C and salinities were 3.1 and 5.7 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-13).

The annual mean density (n/O00m 3) was 0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean densities of eggs in April andMay were 0.01 and 0.04, respectively (Figure 3-13).Striped bass larvae

(<20 mm) were taken during May, June and July, when mean water temperature and salinity ranged from 16.6 to 26.7°C and 5.7 to 5.9 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4and 3-13).

The annual mean density (n/100m

3) was 1.58 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean EEP09001 3-5 Entrainment Abundance O densities were 3.10, 7.62, and 0.08 in May, June and July, respectively (Figure 3-13).Striped bass juveniles,>0 mm) we re collected during June and July when mean water temperature ranged from 23.6 to 26.7°C and salinity ranged from 5.8 to 5.9 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-13). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.13 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean densities in June and July were 0.72, and 0.17, respectively (Figure 3-13).Based on the subsample of specimens measured, the striped bass collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 5 to 33 mm. Individuals ranging from 5 to 21 mm comprised 96 % of the sample. In May and June, the modal lengths were 6 and 12 mm, respectively (Figure 3-14).Morone spp. -A total of 20 Morone spp. larvae (<20 mm) was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). They were collected during May when mean water temperature and salinity were 16.6°C and 5.7 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-15). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.02 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density in May was 0.16. (Figure 3-15).Based on the subsample of specimens measured, the Morone spp. larvae collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 5 to 7 mm (Figure 3-16). The modallength was 5 mm.Bluefish -A total of one juvenile (>14 mm) bluefish was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during May of 2008 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density (n/O00m 3) was<0.01, and the mean water temperature and salinity were 16.6°C and 5.7 ppt, respectively (Figure 3-4). The length of the one individual collected was 56 mm.Weakfish -A total of 430 weakfish, including 5 eggs, 163 larvae and 262 juveniles, was taken in entrainment abundance samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens representing at least one of these life stages were collected during the months of May through October (Figure 3-17). Weakfish was most abundant in June, with juveniles being the predominant lifestage.Weakfish eggs were collected in May and June when mean water temperature and salinity ranged from 16.6 to 23.6°C and from 5.7 to 5.8 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-17). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean densities in May and June were 0.01 and 0.03, respectively (Figure 3-17).Weakfish larvae (<10.5 mm) were taken during June through September, when water temperature and salinity ranged from 22.9 to 26.7°C and 5.8 to 9.7 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-17). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.20 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean densities of larvae were highest in July at 0.74, intermediately high in June at 0.43, and <0.23 during the other months of occurrence (Figure 3-17).Weakfish juveniles

(>10.5 mm) were collected during the months of June through October, when mean water temperature and salinity ranged from 19.3 to 26.7°C and 5.8 to 11.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and.3-17). The annual mean density (n/O00m 3) was 0.31 (Table 3-1). The highest EEP09001 3-6 Entrainment Abundance monthly mean density of 1.10 occurred in June, followed by 0.66 in July, and <0.39 during the 0 other months of occurrence (Figure 3-17).

Based on the specimens measured, the weakfish collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 3 to 74 mm (Figure 3-18). During June and July, individuals from 5 to 15 mm comprised over half (54%) of the total specimens measured. Themodal lengths for June and July were 8 and 9mm, respectively.

Spot -A total of 114 spot, including one larva and 113 juveniles was collected in entrainment abundance monitoring samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1). Specimens representing at least one of these lifestages were collected during the months of April through June (Figure 3-19). Spot was most abundant in May with juveniles being the predominant lifestage.

A spot larva (<1 1mm) was collected during June when mean water temperature and salinity were 23.6°C and 5.8 ppt (Figure 3-4 and 3-19). The annual mean density (n/O00m 3) was <0.01 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was 0.01 in June (Figure 3-19).Spot juveniles

(>11 mm) were collected during April through June with mean water temperatures and salinities ranging from 12.4 to 23.6°C and 3.1 to 5.8 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-19). The annual mean density (n/100m

3) was 0.14 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was highest in May at 0.51, and densities were <0.28 during the other months ofoccurrence (Figure 3-19).Based on the specimens measured, the spot collected during the 2008 entrainment abundance studies ranged in length from 9 to 35 mm, and 52% of those individuals measured were 20 to 25 mm (Figure 3-20). In May, the month of highest spot abundance, the modal length was 24 mm.Atlantic croaker -A total of 6,444 Atlantic croaker, including 33 larvae and 6,411 juveniles, was collected in entrainment abundance monitoring samples at Salem during 2008 (Table 3-1).Specimens were collected in all months, except July and August (Figure 3-21). Atlantic croaker was most abundant in October with juveniles being the predominant life stage.Atlantic croaker larvae (<11 rmm) were collected during the months of September through November with mean water temperature and salinity ranging from 10.9 to 22.9°C and 9.7 to 11.0 ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-21). The annual mean density (n/100m 3) was 0.04 (Table 3-1). The monthly mean density was highest in October at 1.05. Densities were <0.04 during theother months of occurrence (Figure 3-21).Atlantic croaker juveniles

_1 1 mm) were taken during all months except July and August of2008 with mean water temperature and salinity ranging from 4.8 to 23.6°C and from 2.0 to 11.0ppt, respectively (Figures 3-4 and 3-21). The annual mean density (n/O00m 3) was 7.70 (Table 3-1). Monthly mean density was highest in October at 75.77; and was secondarily high in November at 49.01. During the other months of occurrence, densities we6 14.14 (Figure 3-21).Based on the subsample of specimens measured, the Atlantic croaker collected in the 2008entrainment abundance samples ranged in length from 6 to 51 mm, and 91% of those individuals 9 PT713naff1 1-7 Pti--~t A bundmc J #

measured were from 11 to 28 mm. In November, the month of highest Atlantic croakerabundance, the modal length was 18mm (Figure 3-22).EEP09001 3-8 Entrainment Abundance 0 LITERATURE CITED Public Service Electric and Gas (PSE&G).

1999. Salem Generating Station 316(b)Demonstration.

Prepared for Public Service Electric & Gas Co., Newark, NJ.Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG). 2002. Procedures Manual for Biological Monitoring Program for the Delaware Estuary.

0 EEP09001 3-9 Entrainment Abundance Table 3-1 Annual summary of finfish species, number collected, and mean density, taken in entrainment abundance collections at Salem Generating Station Circulating Water Intake Structure, during January through December, 2008 Number of samoles = 1633 Total volume filtered (cubic meters) = 83,299Life Stage Common Name Scientific Name Total (n/I 00m 3)Eggs Unknown spp. Unknown spp. 1 <0.01 Bay Anchovy Anchoa nmitchilli 19810 23.78 Rough Silverside Membras martinica 11 0.01Atlantic Silverside Menidia menidia 4 <0.01 Striped Bass Morone saxatilis 6 0.01 Weakfish Cynoscion regalis 5 0.01 Naked Goby Gobiosoma bosc 2 <0.01 Larvae Alosa spp. Alosa spp. 1 <0.01 Menidia spp. Menidia spp. 593 0.71 Morone spp. Morone spp. 20 0.02 Unidentified Cyprinidae Cyprinidae 1 <0.01 Unidentified Fundulus spp. Fundulus spp. 13 0.02 Unknown spp. Unknown spp. 15 0.02 American Eel Anguilla rostrata 84 0.10 Conger Eel Conger oceanicus 2 <0.01 Alewife Alosapseudoharengus 1 <0.01 Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus 4213 5.06 Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 13194 15.84Atlantic Silverside Menidia menidia 48 0.06 Northern Pipefish Syngnathusfuscus 1 <0.01 White Perch Morone americana 3 <0.01 StripedBass Morone saxatilis 1317 1.58 Weakfish Cynoscion regalis 163 0.20 Spot Leiostomus xanthurus 1 <0.01 Northern Kingfish Menticirrhus saxatilis 1 <0.01 Atlantic Croaker Micropogonias undulatus 33 0.04 Naked Goby Gobiosoma bose 13298 15.96Summer Flounder Paralichtys dentatus 6 0.01 Hogchoker Trinectes maculatus 21 0.03 Juveniles Menidia spp. Menidia spp. 9 0.01 Unknown spp. Unknown spp. 3 <0.01 American Eel Anguilla rostrata 8 0.01 Conger Eel Conger oceanicus 2 <0.01 Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis 1 <0.01 EEP09001 3-10 Entrainment Abundance Table 3-1 DensityLifestage Common name Scientific name Total (n/100m 3)Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus 9287 11.15Atlantic Herring Clupea harengus harengus 1 <0.01 Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 1788 2.15 Oyster Toadfish Opsanus tau 1 <0.01Atlantic Silverside Menidia inenidia 10 0.01 Northern Pipefish Syngnathusfuscus 69 0.08White Perch Morone americana 7 0.01 Striped Bass Morone saxatilis 110 0.13 Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix 1 <0.01 Weakfish Cynoscion regalis 262 0.31 Spot Leiostomus xanthurus 113 0.14 Atlantic Croaker Micropogonias undulatus 6411 7.70 Black Drum Pogonias cromis 1 <0.01 Naked Goby Gobiosonia bosc 80 0.10 Summer Flounder Paralichtys dentatus 40 0.05 Hogchoker Trinectes naculatus 2 <0.01 Adults Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 86 0.10Striped Cusk-eel Ophidion marginata 1 <0.01Atlantic Silverside Menidia menidia 23 0.03 Northern Pipefish Syngnathusfuscus 6 0.01 Black Sea Bass Centropristis striata 1 <0.01 Naked Goby Gobiosoma bosc 45 0.05 Summary Eggs 19839 23.82 Larvae 33029 39.65 Juveniles 18206 21.86 Adults 162 0.19 0 EEP09001 3-11 Entrainment Abundance DELAWARE BAY INTAKE BAY CIRCULATINGWATER PUMP Figure 3-1. Schematic of Salem Generating Station circulating water intake structure with entrainment abundance sampling locations indicated by *EEP09001 3-12 Entrainment Abundance FLOW METER VALVE #2 FISH-PUMP SUCTION HOSE Figure 3-2. Plankton pump and abundance chamber used in entrainment sampling.EEP09001 3-13 Entrainment Abundance PUMP DISCHARGE HOSE NET SUPPORT RING I m PLANKTON NET (0.5mm MESH)TANK DRAIN COLLECTION BUCKET Figure 3-3. Cut away view showing entrainment collection net inside abundance chamber.EEP09001 3-14 Entrainment Abundance 30 16 1tM!'LKA IUKE 14 25 -- SALINITY 12 ,20 -, \10G 15 -8 S10 V 4 2.0 .0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-4. Salinity and temperature (mean) by month as observed during 2008 entrainment sampling.EEP09001 3-15 Entrainment Abundance ATLANTIC MENHADEN Larvae F-28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 4-2-0-JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN 0 0 JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 60 50 -40;- 30-20 10 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY 0 0 0 0 0 JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-5. Monthly mean density (n/O00m 3) of Atlantic menhaden eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-16 Entrainment Abundance ATLANTIC MENHADEN JANUARY APRIL 80 70 60 U 50 z 4030 20 10 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 2800 2400 2000 Z 1600 1200 800-400 -0 350 300 -250 -L..)Z 200 150 -100 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)MAYý1 f U z LUJ 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40'20 0 0 rA 0 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)MARCH 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (ram)JUNE 700 600 500 C,.)z 400300 200 100 0.4 3 z 0-0..A_. .. .. p.;L .............

18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-6. Length frequency of Atlantic menhaden taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-17 Entrainment Abundance ATLANTIC MENHADEN JULY NOVEMBER 2 z 0 2 z 0 3 2-2 0 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST-SEPTEMBER z 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Ll NONE TAKEN 00V L~L 0 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)18 22 26 30.34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-6. Continued.

EEP09001 3-18 Entrainment Abundance BAY ANCHOVY 0 Fggs 2..160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 01 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Larvae 0" Ej 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 00 0 0 0 l q0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 20 16 j12 r 4 0 0.5 2 0.40.3= 0.2 S0.1 0.0 0 07- r ---- 1--m JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Adults0 0 00 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-7. Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of bay anchovy eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-19 Entrainment Abundance BAY ANCHOVY JANUARY APRIL 2 (-J z LU LtU Cy Wr 1 C~)z LU 0'LU LU 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 i1 n 0 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY-I HUH 2 7 12 1722 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)MAY>- 2 U 0UL)LU 8 17 6 5 4 3 2 0 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mam)MARCH 2 7 12 17222732 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 2 LU S1-0 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0-L NONE TAKEN 22 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 677 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-8. Length frequency of bay anchovy taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-20 Entrainment Abundance BAY ANCHOVY JULY OCTOBER U,.z LU 360 330 300 270 240 210 180 150 120 90 60-30 -0 5 4 I 0 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST z z Cv 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 4 3 U-Z LU.2 12 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 0 4 3 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (nun)DECEMBER iIn~z ZD 2 1-Di 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)0 2 72 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-8. Continued.

EEP09001 3-21 Entrainment Abundance Menidia spp.Eggs 0.10 E 0.08 0.06= 0.04 0.02 0.00 4.0 3.5 3.0Z 2.5-1.5 S1.0 e 0.5 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Larvae JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 0.16 0.14 E 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Adults 0.18 g- 0.16 E 0.14 0.12 S. 0.10 0.08 7 0.06 z 0.04 0.02 0.00 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-9. Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of Menidia spp. eggs, larvae, juveniles and adults taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-22 Entrainment Abundance Menidia spp.0 JANUARY MAY 2-U 0.2 U 0 U 7 WU 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 0 -2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 2 7 12 1722 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 72 60>- 48 U z 3624 12 0 2 7 12 172227323742475257626772 LENGTH (mm)MARCH-APRIL2 7 12 172227323742475257626772 LENGTH (mm)JULY U z 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 NONE TAKEN2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-10. Length frequency of Menidia spp. taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-23 Entrainment Abundance 0 Menidia spp.AUGUST DECEMBER 2 z 0 2 0 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)II2 7 12 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 0 2 NONE TAKEN 0 2 7 12 172227323742475257626772 LENGTH (mm)NOVEMBER 2 z 01 2 712 17 22 27 32 37 42 47 52 57 62 67 72 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-10. Continued.

EEP09001 3-24 Entrainment Abundance WHITE PERCH Larvae 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.010 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.0020 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0.000 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 0.045 0.040 0.035 0.030-0.025 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-11. Monthly mean density (n/l00m 3) of white perch eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP0900I 3-25 Entrainment Abundance 0WHITE PERCH 2 LI 0 2 z 01 0, 2x JANUARY NONE TAKEN 2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY APRIL 2 0 2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)MAY 2 U-z ICY 02 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)MARCH 2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 2 z 0 2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mrm)2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-12. Length frequency of white perch taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-26 Entrainment Abundance WHITE PERCH JULY-DECEMBER 2 0NONE TAKEN 2 9 16 23 30 37 44 51 58 65 72 79 86 93 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-12. Continued.

EEP09001 S 3-27 Entrainment Abundance STRIPED BASS , s , 0.045 0.040*" 0.035 0.030 0.025 0.020 Z 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 8 7 S6-5 c 3 2 0 0.8 0.7 E 0.6 0.5 0.4 0i 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Larvae 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles0 0 0 0 0 JU0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-13. Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of striped bass eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-28 Entrainment Abundance STRIPED BASS JANUARY-APRIL JULY 2 z 0 5 4L 2 LU-NONE TAKEN4 6 8 10121416182022242628303234 LENGTH (mm)MAY 4 6 8 10121416182022242628303234 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST-DECEMBER 150 125>- 100 z LU D 75 50 25 2 U-z 0 r NONE TAKEN 0*4 6 8 101214161820222426283032.34 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 4 6 8 10121416182022242628303234 LENGTH (ram)C.)z LU 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 -I1 "II, I I -4 6 8 10121416182022242628303234 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-14. Length frequency of striped bass taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-29Entrainment Abundance Morone spp.Larvae 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-15. Monthly mean density (n/100m

3) of Morone spp. larvae taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-30 Entrainment Abundance Morone spp.JANUARY-APRIL 2NONE TAKEN v 4 5 6 7 8 LENGTH (mm)MAY 9 6 5 8 7.6 5.4.2 0*5 6 4 7 8 LENGTH (mm)JUNE-DECEMBER 2 W zD NONE TAKEN 4 5 6 7 8 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-16. Length frequency of Morone spp. taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-31 Entrainment Abundance 0 WEAKFISH Fggs 0.040 0.035 " 2 0.030 0.025" 0.020 0.015 z S0.010 0.005 0.0000 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Larvae 0.8 0.7 0 0.6-0.5>o 0.4 Cn 0.3 0 0.2 0.1 0.00 0 0 AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL Juveniles 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 Z 0.4 0.2 AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 0.00 0 0 0 .0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL Figure 3-17. Monthly mean density (n/i 00m 3) of weakfish eggs, larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-32 Entrainment Abundance WEAKFISH JANUARY-MAY AUGUST 2 NONE TAKEN2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 5 4 0 u 14 12 10 U z8 6 4 2 0 25 20 U 10 5 0 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)JULY 3 2 z W.0 2 C.)z Ua 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)SEPTEMBER 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)I a.,.28 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)0 Figure 3-18. Length frequency of weakfish taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-33 Entrainment Abundance WEAKFISH NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2 0 NONE TAKEN 2 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-18. Continued.

EEP09001 3-34 Entrainment Abundance SPOT Larvae 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.6 -0.5 9-" 0.4; 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 0 F M A P 0 0 0 0 0 IAN FIEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-19. Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of spot juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-35 Entrainment Abundance SPOT JANUARY-MARCH JUNE 2 zr 1.0.6 5 4 z NONE TAKEN 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 LENGTH (mm)APRIL8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 LENGTH (mm)JULY-DECEMBER 6-5.->- 4 zýD 3 L~2 2 U I NONE TAKEN 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36LENGTH (nun)

O'lA 8 10 12 14 16 18202224262830323436 LENGTH (mm)0 MAY>)z 10 9-8-7 6 5 4 3 0-I t 8 10 12 14 16 18202224262830323436 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-20. Length frequency of spot taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.0 EEP09001 3-36Entrainment Abundance ATLANTIC CROAKER Larvae 1.2 1.0 0.8 S0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Juveniles 80 70 60 50; 40 W 30 20 10 0 0 f1-0 0 N JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Figure 3-21. Monthly mean density (n/100m 3) of Atlantic croaker larvae and juveniles taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.EEP09001 3-37 Entrainment Abundance S ATLANTIC CROAKER JANUARY APRIL U.30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 z Lj 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)FEBRUARY 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)MAY 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3.0~.ý i nn U z 9 8 7.6.5.4.3.2 1.0 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 '33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)MARCH 5 9 13 17"21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)JUNE 5 z t 3I 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2, 0 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-22. Length frequency of Atlantic croaker taken in entrainment sampling at the Salem circulating water intake structure during 2008.0 EEP09001 3-38Entrainment Abundance ATLANTIC CROAKER JULY-AUGUST NOVEMBER 2 z,..0 rII C-)zI 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 5 9 NONE TAKEN v-5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (rmm)SEPTEMBER 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 9A 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 5 9 R LENGTH (mm)DECEMBER 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 01 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)S 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER>I.300 270 240 210 180 150 120 90 60 30 0 I 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 LENGTH (mm)Figure 3-22. Continued.

E EP09001 3-39 Entrainment Abundance EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

Bottom Trawl Effort The 2008 bottom trawl effort was conducted within the Delaware River Estuary from the mouth of the Delaware Bay to just north of the Delaware Memorial Bridge (rkm 0-117) at 40 randomly selected stations allocated from sampling Zones 1-8. The number of sampling stations designated within each of the eight sampling zones was allocated using a Neyman allocation procedure based on the proportional area of each zone and historical fisheries data. One daytime bottom trawl event was completed at each station each month from April through November 2008 using a 4.9-rn (16-ft) semi-balloon otter trawl. Eight monthly surveys were completed, resulting in the collection of 320 bottom trawls. Target species for this project were alewife, American shad, Atlantic menhaden, blueback herring, bay anchovy, Atlantic silverside, striped bass, white perch, bluefish, Atlantic croaker, spot, weakfish, and blue crab. All finfish and blue crabs were identified to the lowest practicable taxonomic level, enumerated, and recorded on field data sheets. Length measurements for all target species were recorded to the nearest millimeter.

Surface, mid-depth and bottom water quality were recorded for each sample as well as pertinent field observations such as water clarity, weather, and tidal stage.

In the 320 bottom trawls that were completed in 2008, 32,729 specimens (31,418 finfish and 1,311 blue crabs) were collected. Total catch per unit effort (CPUE) was 102.3 for all zones. The results for target species were as follows:* Alewife: Two specimens were collected during the bottom trawl effort accounting for<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were collected in Zone 4 in April and May.The CPUE for alewife was <0.1.* American shad: Eight specimens were caught in bottom trawls, comprising

<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were taken in the April, May, October and November catches in Zones 2, 3 and 5. The CPUE for American shad was <0.1.* Atlantic croaker: A total of 7,027 specimens were captured in bottom trawls, accounting for 22.4% of the total finfish collected.

They were found in all zones andwere more evenly distributed than they had been in studies prior to 2006. Thelargest monthly catch was in July, the second largest in June, the third largest in November and the fourth largest in October. These four months accounted for 80.6%of the Atlantic croaker caught in 2008. The CPUE for Atlantic croaker was 22.0." Atlantic menhaden:

One hundred fourteen Atlantic menhaden were collected during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, representing 0.4% of the total finfish catch.

EEP09001Chapter 4-Executive Summary 0 They were found in all zones except Zone 1, and during all months except July. The CPUE for Atlantic menhaden was 0.4.o Atlantic silverside:

Three Atlantic silverside were collected during the bottom trawl effort comprising

<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were caught in Zones 2 and 3 during October and November.

The CPUE for Atlantic silverside was <0.1." Bay anchovy: A total of 11,759 specimens were captured during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, comprising 37.4% of the total finfish catch. Bay anchovy were captured in every sampling month, but approximately 32 % of them were found in July. They were taken in every zone, but most of them (96 %) were taken in Zones 2-5. The CPUE for bay anchovy was 36.7." Blueback herring: One specimen was collected during the bottom trawl effort accounting for <0.1% of the total finfish catch. It was collected in Zone 3 during October. The CPUE for blueback herring was <0.1.* Bluefish:

A total of two specimens were caught during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, representing

<0.1% of the total finfish catch. They were found in Zones 3 and 6 in July and August. The CPUE for bluefish was <0.1.* Spot: A total of 1,453 specimens were captured in bottom trawls, comprising 4.6% of the total finfish collected.

Most of them were captured from July through November and, although they were captured in all eight zones, the greatest numbers were found in Zones 2 through 5. The CPUE for spot was 4.5." Striped bass: A total of 38 specimens were collected during the bottom trawl effort, accounting for 0.1% of the total finfish collected.

Striped bass were taken in Zones 3, 4 and 6-8, and were captured in all sampling months except May and June. CPUE for striped bass was 0.1." Weakfish:

A total of 2,191 specimens were caught in bottom trawls, representing 7.0% of the total finfish catch. Weakfish were collected in all eight zones and were evenly distributed throughout.

They were captured in every month except April.However, most of them were found from July through September.

The CPUE for weakfish was 6.8." White perch: A total of 406 specimens were captured during the bottom trawl effort, comprising 1.3% of the total finfish catch. White perch were present in all eight zones, except Zone 1, and were most abundant in Zones 5-8. They were taken in all months and the most productive month was April. The CPUE for white perch was 1.3.EEP09001Chapter 4-Executive Summary

• Blue crab: A total of 1,311 specimens were collected in all eight zones and during every month of the program. They were most abundant in Zones 3, 5, 6 and 7, and the heaviest catches were in May, July and October. The CPUE for blue crab was 4. 1.S EEP09001 Chapter 4-Executive Summary CHAPTER 4: FINFISH MONITORING PROGRAM TABLE OF CONTENTS PageLIST OF TABLES 4-ii LIST OF FIGURES 4-iii INTRODUCTION 4-1 BOTTOM TRAWL EFFORT 4-2 Materials and methods 4-2 Results and discussion 4-4 Physical/Chemical Parameters 4-4 Catch Composition 4-6 Alewife 4-7 American shad 4-7 Atlantic croaker 4-8 Atlantic menhaden 4-8 Atlantic silverside 4-9 Bay anchovy 4-9 Blueback herring 4-10 Bluefish 4-10 Spot 4-10 Striped bass 4-10 Weakfish 4-11 White perch 4-11 Blue crab 4-12LITERATURE CITED 4-13 EEP09001 4-iChapter 4-Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES Page Table 4-1 Total catch collected by zone using a bottom trawl, April- 4-15 November 2008 Table 4-2 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 1 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-18 Table 4-3 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 2 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-19 Table 4-4 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 3 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-20 Table 4-5 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 4 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-21 Table 4-6 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 5 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-22 Table 4-7 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 6 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-23 Table 4-8 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 7 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-24 Table 4-9 Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 8 using a bottom trawl, April-November 2008 4-25 EEP09001 4-iiChapter 4-Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 4-1 Delaware Bay Sampling Zones 4-26 Figure 4-2 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom water temperature observed during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-27 Figure 4-3 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom salinity, observed during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-28 Figure 4-4 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom dissolved oxygenobserved during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-29 Figure 4-5 Total abundance by zone for target species and others caught during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-30 Figure 4-6 Mean species composition (MSC) and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by zone and by month for all species caught during the BottomTrawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-31 Figure 4-7 Mean species composition (MSC) and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month for each zone during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-32 Figure 4-8 Length-frequency distribution of alewife by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-34 Figure 4-9 Length-frequency distribution of American shad by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-35 Figure 4-10 Length-frequency distribution of Atlantic croaker by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-36 Figure 4-11 Length-frequency distribution of Atlantic menhaden by monthduring the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-37 Figure 4-12 Length-frequency distribution of Atlantic silverside by month during the Bottomn Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 4-38 S EEP09001 4-iiiChapter 4-Table of Contents Figure 4-13 Figure 4-14 Figure 4-15 Figure 4-16 Figure 4-17 Figure 4-18 Figure 4-19 Length-frequency distribution of bay anchovy by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 Length-frequency distribution of blueback herring by month duringthe Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 Length-frequency distribution of bluefish by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008Length-frequency distribution of spot by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008Length-frequency distribution of striped bass by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 Length-frequency distribution of weakfish by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 Length-frequency distribution of white perch by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April-November 2008 Page 4-39 4-40 4-41 4-42 4-43 4-44 4-45 EEP09001 4-ivChapter 4-Table of Contents INTRODUCTION The PSEG Nuclear, LLC bottom trawl effort during 2008 was conducted within the Delaware Bay and River once per month from April through November at 40 stations using a 4.9-m semi-balloon otter trawl. The objective of this trawling effort is to provide representative abundance indices for the target species.This chapter discusses the overall results of the sampling efforts of the 2008 Bottom Trawl Monitoring Program, and the catch information related to the thirteen target species. The focus of this study was to provide abundance data for the fish species, bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), American shad (A.sapidissima), Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), blueback herring (A.aestivalis), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), striped bass (M. saxatilis), white perch (Morone americana), bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), and weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), and the invertebrate species, blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) in the project area. Results of the bottom trawl sampling effort for the Baywide trawl programs conducted from 1995 through 2007 have been summarized in previous reports (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).EEP09001 4-1 Chapter 4-Introduction BOTTOM TRAWL EFFORT Materials and Methods The 2008 bottom trawl effort study area extended from the mouth of the Delaware Bay, rkm 0, to just north of the Delaware Memorial Bridge, rkm 117.The study area was divided into eight zones (Figure 4-1). Zones 1, 2, and 3 (lower bay)are near the mouth of the bay. Zones 4, 5, and 6 are located in the 'middle' bay. Zones 7 and 8 (upper bay) are in the lower Delaware River.Bottom trawl sampling (daytime only) was conducted once per month from April through November, for a total of eight trawling events.

Daylight was defined as the period from one hour after sunrise to one hour before sunset.Forty trawls were collected monthly during 2008 from randomly selected stations.

These stations were distributed among the eight zones for a total of 320 samples. The number of stations within each zone was allocated using a Neyman allocation program that was based on the proportional area of each zone and on historical fishery data. The allocation of trawls per zone was as follows: River Zone Number of Trawls Per Zone 1 4 2 6 3 8 4 6.5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 The primary sampling stations were randomly selected from a list of all available stations in each zone by a computer algorithm program. Alternate stations were also allocated in case a primary station could not be sampled due to navigational hazards, commercial fishing equipment, commercial shipping activity, etc.Bottom trawls were collected with a 4.9-m (16-ft) semi-balloon otter trawl, manufactured by NETCO in Memphis, Tennessee and described as follows: "A 16-ft semi-balloon trawl: 17' headrope; 21' footrope; net made of nylon netting of the following size mesh and thread; 1 1" stretch (3/4"square) mesh No. 9 thread body; 111/4" stretch (5/8" square) mesh No. 15 thread codend, fully rigged with four 2" I.D. net rings at top and bottom 0 EEP09001 4-2 Chapter 4-Bottorn Trawl Effort for lazy line and purse rope; inner liner of 1/2/2" stretch (1/4"square) mesh No.63 knotless nylon netting inserted and hogtied in codend; head and footropes of 3/8"-diameter poly-Dacron net rope with legs extended 3' and galvanized wire rope thimbles spliced in at each end; six 11/2" x 2 1/2/" sponge floats spaced evenly on bosom of head rope; net treated in green net dip; trawl doors are 24" in length and 12" in width; doors are made of3/4" marine ply board, 11/44" x 11/4" straps and braces and V1/2" x 2" bottom shoe runner; 3/16" chain bridle, lap links and 5/16" swivels at the head of each bridle." Trawl stations were located using an onboard GPS receiver that had been preprogrammed with each station's waypoint (latitude and longitude).

The station depths were monitored with an onboard depth sounder.Trawls were towed for ten minutes at 6 ft/sec. against the direction of the tide. A towline to water depth ratio of 10:1 was used to ensure that the trawl maintained contact with thebottom. Predicted tidal stages were determined using Tides and Currents for WindowsT?(version 2.5b) nautical software program and/or Eldridge Tide and Pilot Book 2008 (Eldridge Tide and Pilot Book 2007). At each station, predicted tidal currents were visually verified by the crew prior to starting each tow. The tow speed was monitored with an electronic flowmeter with on-deck readout and/or engine rpm.At the completion of each tow, the net was emptied into a collection container to prepare for sample processing.

All finfish and blue crabs were transferred to the sorting table for identification to the lowest practicable taxonomic level (i.e., species).

All species were identified, enumerated, and recorded, on field data sheets. The subsampling procedure described in the procedures manual (PSEG 2002b) was not used because subsampling was not necessary during the 2008 bottom trawl effort.

Any unidentifiable specimenswere preserved in 10% formalin and returned to the laboratory for species identification.Length measurements were recorded for all target finfish species and carapace width measurements were recorded for blue crabs. When the count for a target species was less than 100, measurements were recorded for each specimen.

When the number of specimens for a target species exceeded 100, a representative subsample of 100 specimens was measured. Total length (TL) to the nearest millimeter was measured for fish with square or rounded caudal fins (tip of the snout to the tip of the longest caudal ray). Fork length (FL) to the nearest millimeter was measured for fish with emarginate or forked caudal fins (tip of the snout to the caudal fork). Carapace width to the nearest millimeter (shell point to point) was measured for blue crabs. Live fish and crabs were returned to the water as quickly as possible.Water quality measurements for water temperature

(°C), dissolved oxygen (DO) in milligrams per liter (mg/L), and salinity in parts per thousands (ppt) were recorded atsurface, mid-depth and bottom depths at each trawl station. Surface measurements were recorded at stations where the depth was less than 10 ft. The primary meter used to EEP09001 4-3 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort measure these parameters was the YSI-85 DO/Conductivity/Salinity/Temperature Meter.The YSI-55 DO/Temperature Meter and the YSI-30 Conductivity/Salinity/Temperature Meter were used as backups. Field crews also recorded water clarity (by Secchi disk), weather conditions, station depths, and tidal stage (ebb/flood/slack) at each trawl station.Results and Discussion Physical/Chemical Parameters Trends in physical and chemical parameters recorded in the Delaware Baywide bottom trawl effort zones during 2008 were generally consistent with those results reported in previous study years (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).Surface, mid-depth and bottom water temperatures varied by season, station depth, and river kilometer at all sampling stations in 2008. Mean bottom water temperatures increased throughout the spring and early summer, peaked in August and decreased monthly through November (Figure 4-2). Temperature ranges varied from lows of 10.4'C in April and 10.0-11.5

'C in October-November to highs of 23.5-27.3

'C in June through September.

The lowest mean water temperature was recorded during November (10.0 °C) and the highest mean water temperature was recorded in July (27.3 'C).The temperature gradient pattern in 2008 was generally consistent with the last threeyears (2005-2007) when only the current eight lower zones were sampled (PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007). In 2008, bottom water temperatures ranged from 1-8 'C among the eight sampling zones within each sampling period. During 2007, bottom water temperatures ranged from 2-9 'C among the eight sampling zones within each monthly period. In 2006, bottom water temperatures ranged from 1-9 'C among the eight zones within each monthly period. During 2005, bottom water temperatures ranged from 2-9 'C among the eight sampling zones. The greatest temperature gradient in 2008 was recorded in October with 7.9 'C between Zones 3 and 7. The least temperature gradient was recorded in April with 0.8 'C between Zones 4 and 8.Zone 1 had the coldest water during May, June, July and August. Zone 3 had the coldest water in October. Zones I and 3 were tied for the coldest water in September, and Zone 8 had the coldest water in April and November.

Zone 4 had the warmest water in April and Zone I had the warmest water in November.

Zone 6 had the warmest water during June and September. Zone 7 had the warmest water in July and October. Zones 7 and 8 were tied for the warmest water in August, and Zones 3, 4, 6 and 7 were tied for the warmest water in May.EEP09001 4-4Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort In 2008, the mean bottom salinity distribution was relatively consistent with the data from previous years (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008), as it varied by month and by zone from April throughNovember (Figure 4-3).Salinity increased from April into May in Zones 1-3 and 5-8, and remained the same in Zone 4. Salinity then increased into June in Zones 1, 2 and 4 and decreased in Zones 3 and 5-8. In July and August, the salinity increased in all eight zones from month to month. The salinity then increased into September in Zones 6 and 8, went down in Zones 1-4 and 7, and remained the same in Zone 5. In October, salinity decreased in Zones 1 and 3, but increased in Zones 2 and 4-8. The salinity then declined in November in Zones 1, 2, 4-6 and 8, and went up in Zone 3 and 7. The seasonal increase from the spring to the fall, which is characteristic of mid-Atlantic estuaries (Moyle and Cech 1988), was evident in 2008 as it was in the years 1995-2003 and 2007. It was not as obvious in the years 2003-2006 (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).Zone 1 exhibited the highest mean bottom salinity (29.9 ppt) in August for any zone in any month. The water in the areas closest to the mouth of the bay (Zones 1, 2 and 3) isnearly marine and its salinity was consistently

> 21 ppt for all eight months. The water in Zones 4, 5 and 6 becomes gradually less saline from south to north. Zone 4 was always the fourth highest (17.8-26.3 ppt) in salinity, except during October (third highest).

Zone 5 was always the fifth highest (11.1-21.3 ppt), and Zone 6 was always the sixth highest(6.7-15.6 ppt). The water in the river areas (Zones 7 and 8) is nearly fresh and was consistently the least saline of the eight zones throughout the program. The salinity in Zone 7 ranged from 1.1 (April) to 9.6 (November).

Zone 8 exhibited salinities between 0.1 (April) and 5.0 ppt (October). Variation among Zones 1 to 8 was relatively consistent from month to month (Figure 4-3). It was lowest in October, with a range of 5.0 to 28.9 ppt, and highest in Junewith a range of 0.3 to 28.4 ppt.Monthly zone variations of mean bottom DO readings for the eight zones were lower in 2008 (Figure 4-4) than in 2007 in April and June, and higher during May, July, August, September, October and November. During the eight months of sampling, the gradient among zones ranged from 0.9 mg/L (April) to 2.0 mg/L (June, September and October).Mean bottom DO concentrations throughout all sampling zones ranged from 5.6 to 10.5 mg/L. Overall, the bottom DO concentrations in the eight zones were similar to the historical values recorded during previous study years (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008), and represent a well-mixed, oxygenated estuary (Moyle and Cech 1988).EEP09001 4-5 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Catch Composition During the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, 31,418 finfish from 52 species and 1,311 blue crabs were collected in 320 trawl samples (Table 4-1). Approximately 73.2%(23,004) of the total finfish catch was comprised of target species fish. Bay anchovy (37.4%) and Atlantic croaker (22.4%) dominated the total finfish catch. The remainingten target finfish species collectively represented 13.4% of the total finfish catch.A total of 8,414 specimens were collected of 40 non-target finfish species. This represented 26.8% of the total finfish catch. The most abundant non-target finfish species was hogchoker (Table 4-1). The only other relatively abundant

(>150 fish caught) non-target species was spotted hake.Total abundance for target species and others by zone across all months shows dominance of bay anchovy in Zones 2, 3 and 4 (Figure 4-5). Atlantic croaker was the most abundant species in Zones 1 and 5. Hogehoker was the most abundant species in Zones 6, 7 and 8. Bay anchovy was the second most abundant species in Zones 1 and 5.Atlantic croaker was the second most abundant species in Zones 3 and 6-8.Mean species composition (MSC) and catch per unit effort (CPUE) were calculated by zone and by month for the 2008 sampling season (Figure 4-6).

Mean species composition by month is the number of species caught in a month over all zones divided by the number of zones. MSC by zone is the number of species caught in a zone over all months divided by the number of months. Mean CPUE by month 'is the average CPUE in a month over all zones divided by the number of zones. Mean CPUE by zone is the average CPUE in a zone over all months divided by the number of months.MSC by month (Figure 4-6) was lowest in June, and highest in September.

MSC by zone (Figure 4-6) was the lowest in Zone 7, and the highest in Zone 3.Mean monthly CPUE (Figure 4-6) was lowest in August after increasing by approximately 33% from April to a small peak in May, and decreasing by about 22%from May to June. From June into July, the CPUE increased by 1.4 times to the highest peak of the year. It then decreased approximately 72% into August and increased 21% in September.

The CPUE increased about 68% from September to a medium peak in October and then decreased approximately 13% into November.

The highest peak CPUE of 2008 in July was due to high abundance of Atlantic croaker in Zones 2 and 3, the high bay anchovy numbers in all Zones 1-3, and the high hogchoker numbers in Zones 7 and 8 (Tables 4-2 through 4-9).Mean CPUE was lowest in Zone I and highest in Zone 8 (Figure 4-6). Target species had the highest species-specific CPUE in Zones 1-5, but hogchoker had the highest species-specific CPUE in Zones 6-8 (Tables 4-2 through 4-9). Bay anchovy had the highest CPUE for Zones 2-4. Atlantic croaker had the highest CPUE in Zones 1 and 5.0 EEP09001 4-6 Chapter 4-Bottorn Trawl Effort The highest CPUE for blue crab was in Zones 5 and 6. One other zone, out of the eight Im sampled, had moderate blue crab mean CPUE. It was Zone 7. The blue crab catch varied from month to month rising to peaks in May, July and October (Tables 4-2 through 4-9).Figure 4-7 outlines MSC and CPUE by month for each zone. Species composition in2008 was highest in Zone 3 and lowest in Zone 7. The variance of the species composition among all eight zones in 2008 was similar to the variance of the species composition among the same eight zones in 2007.Length-frequency data are provided for all target fish species in Figures 4-8 through 4-19.Descriptions of the thirteen target species (including blue crab) are presented below.Spatial and temporal distributions are discussed where appropriate.

Table 4-1 provides abundance catch by zone for each species while Tables 4-2 through 4-9 provide a monthly catch for each species by zone. More detailed descriptions of the life histories of the target species, except for Atlantic menhaden and bluefish, are described in Appendix C, Attachments C-1 through C-9, C-12 and C-14 of the Salem 316 (b) Demonstration (PSE&G 1999).Alewife Two alewives were collected in the 2008 program, which was similar to the number caught in the same eight zones in 2002 (3) and 2006 (1). However, it was much less thanthe number caught in the same eight zones in 2000 (15), 2001 (42), 2003 (70), 2004 (32), 2005 (25), and 2007 (35) (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). The alewives captured in 2008 were found in Zone 4 during April and May. Apparently, the one in April was a yearling and the one in May was a yearling or older fish (Figure 4-8).American shad Eight American shad were collected in the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort. This is consistent with earlier years of this study.

For example, thirteen fish were taken from the same eight zones in 1999, none in 2000, eight in 2001, five in 2002, eight in 2003, ten in 2004, three in 2005 and 2006, and fifteen in 2007 (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). The American shad caught in 2008 were caught in April, May, October and November.

They were located in Zones 2, 3 and 5. The ones caught in April and May were probably yearlings and the ones in October and November were probably young-of-the-year (YOY) (Figure 4-9).S EEP09001 4-7 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Atlantic croaker Atlantic croaker was the second most abundant fish species collected in 2008, representing 22.4% of the total finfish catch with 7,027 specimens captured.

They were taken in all zones and were more evenly distributed than they had been in studies prior to 2006 (PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006; PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).Approximately 31.8% of the total 2008 Atlantic croaker catch was found in Zone 3, 24.1% in Zone 8, 11.0% in Zone 2, 10.9% in Zone 7, 8.7% in Zone 6, 6.8% in Zone 5, 3.5% in Zone 4 and 3.1% in Zone 1. The largest monthly catch was taken during July(2,286), the second largest was taken in June (1,233), the third largest was taken in November (1,129) and the fourth largest was taken in October (1,016). These four months accounted for 80.6% of the total Atlantic croaker catch for the year.

This seasonal pattern is inconsistent with the 1996-2001, 2003-2005 and 2007 data when most of the Atlantic croaker were taken in the later months of the studies. However, it is consistent with the data in 2002 and 2006 when a larger portion of the yearly catch was also taken in the earlier months (PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). It should also be noted that the 2008 Atlantic croaker catch was similar to the 2007 (11,389), 2005 (11,062), 2004 (10,026) and 2003 (9,501) catches from the same eight zones, but only amounted to about 34.5% of the 2002 catch and 52% of the 2007 catch from the same area. Only a small number of adult fish were taken as is shown in the length-frequency distribution graphs presented in Figure 4-10.

This is consistent with the data from past years (PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).Atlantic menhaden In 2008, 114 Atlantic menhaden were collected. This much more than the number of fish caught in the same eight zones in 2000 (15), 2001 (10) and 2003(1), 2004 (29), 2005 (4), 2006 (20) and 2007 (6). However, only approximately 40% of the 286 taken in the same eight zones in 2002 (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). The Atlantic menhaden captured in 2008 were found in all zones, except Zone 1. There were 88 caught during June and none in July.The rest were evenly distributed in low numbers (less than or equal to seven) throughout the other six months of the program. There was a mixture of YOY and older fish (Figure 4-11).EEP09001 4-8 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Atlantic silversideThree Atlantic silverside were collected during the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort.

In the same eight zones, six were caught in 2005, 27 were collected in 2003, 11 were captured in 2002, and only two were taken in 2001. None were captured in 2000, 2004, 2006 and 2007 (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). The Atlantic silverside were caught in Zones 2 and 3 during October and November. The length distribution of Atlantic silverside is presented in Figure 4-12.Bay anchovy Bay anchovy occur throughout Delaware Bay and are seasonally abundant from the lower Delaware River up to Wilmington, DE (rkm 120), and Philadelphia, PA (rkm 150).O'Herron et al. (1994) reported that bay anchovy was the fourth most abundant species, representing 10.1% of the overall catch, in an extensive survey of the Delaware River Estuary, ranging from the C & D Canal to Trenton, NJ.Historically, bay anchovy is one of the most abundant species of the mid-Atlantic region estuaries and, in previous years, they represented the largest or second largest number of fish caught in the Baywide bottom trawl effort (PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). In 2008, bay anchovy accounted for the largest number of fish caught (11,759; 37.4% of the total finfish).

This was about the same as the 2006 catch (11,857), approximately 66% of the 2005 catch (17,776), 24% of the 2004 catch (48,286) and 58% of the 2002 catch (20,396) from the same eight zones. The 2008 catch was about 14% more than the 2003 catch (10,314), as well as 14% more than the 2001 (10,351) catch, and 89% more than the 2000 catch (6,233) from the same area.

Thebay anchovy captured in 2008 were found in every sampling month, but approximately 32% of them were found in July (3,731). They were taken in every zone, but most of them (96%) were taken in Zones 2-5.Yearlings and adults dominated the length-frequency distribution of bay anchovy from April through June, 2007 (Figure 4-13). In July, the YOY fish appeared in the catches in great numbers. The YOY and yearling/adults demonstrated separate frequency cycles (peaks) from July through September, and finally overlapped in October and November.Although separate peaks are represented in the last two months of the program, it is difficult to determine where the YOY frequency cycle ends and the adult frequency cycle begins. This pattern is somewhat consistent with data from previous years' programs, which exhibited similar seasonal length-frequency distributions (PSE&G 1996, PSE&G 1997, PSE&G 1998, PSE&G 1999, PSE&G 2000, PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).EEP09001 4-9 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Blueback herring One blueback herring was collected in 2008. This is consistent with the numbers found in previous surveys in 2006 (1), 2004 (8), 2003 (5), 2002 (9), 2001 (3) and 2000 (3), but much less than those found in 2007 (31) and 2005 (19) from the same eight zones (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007,PSEG 2008).

The blueback herring caught in 2008 'was found in Zone 3 during October.It was probably a YOY (Figure 4-14).Bluefish Two bluefish were taken in the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, which was a low catch but still fairly similar in number to the 15 collected in 2007, five in 2006, four in 2005, five in 2004, 1.0 in 2003, 13 in 2002, 19 in 2001 and 17 in 2000 from the same eight zones (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). The bluefish caught in 2008 were found in Zones 3 and 6 in July and August. They were probably both YOY (Figure 4-15).Spot The spawning season of spot along the Atlantic coast varies, extending possibly from mid-October through mid-March (Warlen and Chester 1985, Flores-Coto and Warlen 1993). In 2008, 1,453 spot were collected, which is much more than the 2007 (312), 2006 (102), 2005 (1,002), 2004 (42), 2003 (11), 2002 (52), 2001 (12) and 2000 (424) catchesfrom the same area (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). Spot were found in all eight zones in 2008 withthe greatest numbers in Zone 2 (802), Zone 5 (201), Zone 3 (136) and Zone 4 (124). Most of them were captured from July through November with none caught in April, fourteen in May and four in June. Figure 4-16 demonstrates the presence of YOY in all seven months in which spot were caught and the possible presence of a few yearlings during.May through September.

Striped bass In 2008, 38 striped bass were collected.

This catch is similar to the number caught in 2007 (23) and 2006 (20), which were the lowest numbers caught in previous years (2005, 201 caught; 2004, 79 caught; 2003, 269 caught; 2002, 88 caught; 2001, 318 caught; 2000, 45 caught) from the same eight zones (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG EEP09001 4-10 Chapter 4-Bottorn Trawl Effort 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). Weisberg and Burton (1993)deduced that striped bass larvae spawned in the upper Delaware River in the late 1980s and early !990s were possibly from a recovering native population. However, the species still represented 0.1% of the total finfish catch in the 2008 Baywide bottom trawl effort, which was the same as the 0.1% of the total finfish catch that striped bass accounted for in 2007 and 2006, and about the same as the 0.5% in 2005, 0.2% in 2004, 0.7% in 2003, the 0.2% in 2002, the 1.1% in 2001 and the 0.3% in 2000 (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).Striped bass were taken in Zones 3, 4 and 6-8. There were two fish caught in Zone 3, one in Zone 4, 12 in Zone 6, 16 in Zone 7, and seven in Zone 8. They were captured in all sampling months, except May and June.

YOY fish were found from July throughSeptember. Yearlings and/or older specimens were present in April and July through November (Figure 4-17).WeakfishThe total catch for weakfish in the 2008 survey was 2,191, accounting for 7.0% of the total finfish catch and representing the fourth largest number of fish caught. This number is comparable to the annual weakfish catches from the same eight zones in 2007 (3,193),2006 (2,185), 2004 (2,964), 2003 (1,672), 2002 (2,035) and 2000 (1,623), but significantly less than the catches in 2005 (7,644) and 2001 (5,261). Weakfish were found in all eight zones and, as they were in 2007 and 2006, were much more evenly distributed than they had been in 2000-2005 (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). Weakfish were collected in every month except April. However, most of them were taken from July through September (88.6%).The spawning season for weakfish extends from mid May through early August in the lower Delaware Bay and Indian River Bay (Wang and Kernehan 1979). Connaughton and Taylor (1996) reported spawning in Delaware Bay between mid May and early July or August. The appearance of YOY fish was responsible for the great increase in theweakfish catch totals from July through September (Figure 4-18). These smaller fish were a substantial part of the weakfish collections in these three months.

White perch Wang and Kernehan (1979) note that white perch is one of the most abundant resident species of the Delaware River Estuary. O'Herron et al. (1994) reported that white perch was the second most abundant species representing 20.6% of the overall catch. Adult white perch are typically semi-anadromous, making their upriver spawning migration in EEP09001 4-11 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort the spring and returning to the lower reaches of the estuary in the fall where they overwinter (Mansueti 1961).Four hundred six white perch were collected in 2008 accounting for approximately 1.3%of the total finfish catch. This was less than any of the previous catches from 2000 through 2007 (800 in 2000, 478 in 2001, 574 in 2002, 3,037 in 2003, 1,447 in 2004, 904 in 2005, 598 in 2006 and 1,015 in 2007) from the same eight zones (PSEG 2001, PSEG2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008).White perch were found in all eight zones, except Zone 1. Approximately 92.1% of the white perch collected were located in Zones 5-8 with the most observed in Zone 8.White perch were collected in every month. The most productive month was April. Moremoderate numbers were found in May, June, and October. The least productive months were July, August and September.

In 2008, YOY were not recruited to the gear until one in August, possibly a few in September and October, and several in November (Figure 4-19).Blue crab The blue crab catch for 2008 (1,311) was about 56% of the catch in 2007 (2,354), 35% of the catch in 2006 (3,771) 72%

of the catch in 2001 (1,810) and 72% of the catch in 2000 (1,831). However it was about 1.3 times the catch in 2005 (1,044), 1.9 times the catch in 2004 (698) and twice the catch in 2003 (658) from the same area (PSEG 2001, PSEG 2002a, PSEG 2003, PSEG 2004, PSEG 2005, PSEG 2006, PSEG 2007, PSEG 2008). In 2008, blue crabs were caught in all eight zones. However, most of them (89.8%) were captured in Zones 3, 5, 6 and 7. Blue crabs were collected in all months. About 57% them were found May (221), July (213) and October (313) with the rest of them relatively evenly distributed throughout the rest of the sampling months.

EEP09001 4-12 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort LITERATURE CITED Connaughton, M. A., and M. H. Taylor. 1996. Effects of photoperiod and temperature on sexual recrudence in the male weakfish, Cynoscion regalis. Environmental Biology of Fishes 45:273-281.

Eldridge Tide and Pilot Book. 2008. Boston, MA. Published by Marion Jewett White,Robert Eldridge White, Jr. and Linda Foster White.Flores-Coto, C. and S. M. Warlen. 1993. Spawning time, growth, and recruitment of larval spot Leiostomus xanthurus into a North Carolina estuary. Fisheries Bulletin 91:8-22.Mansueti, R. J. 1961. Movements, reproduction, and mortality of the white perch, Roccus americanus in the Patuxent Estuary, Maryland.

Chesapeake Science 2:142-205.

Moyle, P. B. and J. Cech. 1988. Fishes: an introduction to ichthyology. Second edition.Prentice-Hall, Inc. 559 pp.O'Herron, J. C., II, T. Lloyd and K. Laidig. 1994. A survey of fish in the Delaware estuary from the area of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal to Trenton.Prepared for Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee, Delaware Estuary Program, T. Lloyd Associates.Public Service Electric & Gas Co. (PSE&G) 1996. Biological Monitoring Program, 1995 Annual Report, January 1 through December 31, 1995: Volume I: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Electric & Gas Co. 1997. Biological Monitoring Program, 1996 Annual Report, January 1 through December 31, 1996. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Electric & Gas Co. 1998. Biological Monitoring Program, 1997 Annual Report, January 1 through December 31, 1997. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Electric & Gas Co. 1999. Biological Monitoring Program, 1998 Annual Report, January 1 through December 31, 1998. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Electric & Gas Co. 2000. Biological Monitoring Program, 1999 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 1999. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

EEP09001 4-13 Chapter 4-Literature Cited Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG). 2001. Biological Monitoring Program, 2000 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2000. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group. 2002a. Biological Monitoring Program, 2001 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2001. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group. 2002b. Baywide Abundance Monitoring Program,PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program, Bottom Trawl, Pelagic Trawl and Ichthyoplankton Survey Procedures Manuals for Field and Laboratory, Revision 0, Effective April 1, 2002.Public Service Enterprise Group. 2003. Biological Monitoring Program, 2002 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2002. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group.

2004. Biological Monitoring Program, 2003 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2003. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group. 2005. Biological Monitoring Program, 2004 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2004. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group. 2006. Biological Monitoring Program, 2005 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2005. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Public Service Enterprise Group. 2007. Biological Monitoring Program, 2006 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2006. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.Public Service Enterprise Group. 2008. Biological Monitoring Program, 2007 Annual Report, January 1 though December 31, 2007. Chapter 4: Finfish Monitoring.

Wang, J. C. S. and R. J. Kernehan.

1979. Fishes of the Delaware estuaries-a guide to the early life histories. EA Communications, Towson, MD.Warlen, S. M., and A. J. Chester. 1985. Age, growth, and distribution of larval spot, (Leiostomus xanthurus), off North Carolina. Fisheries Bulletin 83:587-599.

Weisberg, S.B., and W.H. Burton. 1993. Spring distribution and abundance of ichthyoplankton in the tidal Delaware River.

Fisheries Bulletin 91:788-797.

EEP09001 4-14 Chapter 4-Literature Cited Bottom Trawl Effort Tables Table 4-1 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch collected by zone using a bottom trawl, April through November 2008 Family Common Name Scientific Name BZ-1 BZ-2 BZ-3 BZ4 BZ-5 BZ-6 BZ-7 BZ-8 Total PORTUNIDAE BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW)

CALLINECTES SAPIDUS 3 22 208 82 315 480 174 27 1311 SQUALIDAE SPINY DOGFISH SQUALUS ACANTHIAS 4 4 8 CARCHARHINIDAE SMOOTH DOGFISH MUSTELUS CANIS 26 14 15 1 3 59 RAJJIDAE CLEARNOSE SKATE RAJA EGLANTERIA 8 2 10 MYLIOBATIDAE BULLNOSE RAY MYLIOBATIS FREMINVILLEI 1 2 3 ACIPENSERIDAE SHORTNOSE STURGEON ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM 2 2 ANGUILLIDAE AMERICAN EEL ANGUILLA ROSTRATA 1 1 13 43 80 138 CONGRIDAE CONGER EEL CONGER OCEANICUS 1 1 ENGRAULIDAE STRIPED ANCHOVY ANCHOA HEPSETUS 1 1 4 1 7 BAY ANCHOVY ANCHOA MITCHILLI 106 4697 4446 1678 449 177 84 122 11759 CLUPEIDAE ATLANTIC MENHADEN BREVOORTIA TYRANNUS 6 91 1 4 3 3 6 114 BLUEBACK HERRING ALOSA AESTIVALIS 1 1 ALEWIFE ALOSA PSEUDOHARENGUS 2 2 AMERICAN SHAD ALOSA SAPIDISSIMA 2 5 1 8 ATLANTIC HERRING CLUPEA HARENGUS 1 3 4 ICTALURIDAE CHANNEL CATFISH ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS 4 7 60 68 WHITE CATFISH AMEIURUS CATUS 1 1 ATHERINOPSIDAE ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE MENIDIA MENIDIA 1 2 3 GADIDAE SPOTTED HAKE UROPHYCIS REGIA 68 146 117 63 155 62 7 618 SILVER HAKE MERLUCCIUS BILINEARIS 1 1 RED HAKE "UROPHYCIS CHUSS 3 2 5 0 EEP09001 4-15 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-1 (continued)

PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch collected by zone using a bottom trawl, A-il H-. hK , - Family l~monNm IScientific Name IBZ1 fBZ.2 JBZ-3 LBZ..4 [BZ-5 [BZ-6 13Z-716BZ-8 ITOtal BATRACHOIDIDAE OPHIDIIDAE POMATOMIDAE SPARIDAE SCIAENIDAE URANOSCOPIDAE GOBIIDAE STROMATEIDAE BOTHIDAE SOLEIDAE TETRAODONTIDAE CARANGIDAE OYSTER TOADFISH STRIPED CUSK-EEL BLUEFISH PINFISH SCUP WEAKFISH SILVER PERCH SPOT NORTHERN KINGFISH ATLANTIC CROAKERBLACK DRUM NORTHERN STARGAZER NAKED GOBY BUTTERFISH SUMMER FLOUNDER WINDOWPANE SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER HOGCHOKER BLACKCHEEK TONGUEFISH NORTHERN PUFFER BLUE RUNNER ATLANTIC MOONFISH LOOKDOWN OPSANUS TAU OPHIDION MARGINATA POMATOMUS SALTATRIX LAGODON RHOMBOIDES STENOTOMUS CHRYSOPS CYNOSCION REGALIS BAIRDIELLA CHRYSOURA LEIOSTOMUS XANTHURUS MENTICIRRHUS SAXATILIS MICROPOGONIAS UNDULATUS POGONIAS CROMIS ASTROSCOPUS GUTTATUS GOBIOSOMA BOSC PEPRILUS TRIACANTHUS PARALICHTHYS DENTATUS SCOPHTHALMUS AQUOSUS ETROPUS MICROSTOMUS TRINECTES MACULATUS SYMPHURUS PLAGIUSA SPHOEROIDES MACULATUS CARANX CRYSOS SELENE SETAPINNIS SELENE VOMER 4 3 6 3 37 51 2 37 2 220 22 1 4 7 18 1 1 25 484 10 802 10 774 17 2 4 4 170 1 3 1 1 8 7 222 1 136 2236 1 19 3 15 1 83 4 3 34 139 3 124 1 247 15 2 2 1.118 5 6 1 19 57 21 441 9 201 481 3 3 6 6 16 1 50 62 522 4 77 609 3 2 2 809 2 2 187 3 10 2 766 3 2512 145 7 66 1694 5 2885 77 141 2 4 124 2191 39 1453 15 7027 7'I 5 77 19 33 14 6759 2 6 14 2 i ~ I * -* -S -S -S fl S -* -I -* -EEP09001 4-16 Chapter 4- Bottom Trawl Effort 0 Table 4-1 (continued)

PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch collected by zone using a bottom trawl, April through November 2008 Family Common Name Scientific Name BZ-1 BZ-2 BZ-3 BZ-4 BZ-5 BZ-6 BZ-7 BZ-8 Total TRICHIURIDAE ATLANTIC CUTLASSFISH TRICHIURUS LEPTURUS 1 1 SYNGNATHIDAE LINED SEAHORSE HIPPOCAMPUS ERECTUS 4 4 NORTHERN PIPEFISH SYNGNATHUS FUSCUS 5 9 4 2 2 22 TRIGLIDAE NORTHERN SEAROBIN PRIONOTUS CAROLINUS 17 14 13. 58 2 104 STRIPED SEAROBIN PRIONOTUS EVOLANS 1 3 1 5 -PERCICHTHYIDAE WHITE PERCH MORONE AMERICANA 2 16 14 26 57 125 166 406 STRIPED BASS MORONE SAXATILIS 2 1 12 16 7 38 SERRAN IDAE BLACK SEA BASS CENTROPRISTIS STRIATA 2 2 1 4 3 12 CYPRINIDAE EASTERN SILVERY MINNOW HYBOGNATHUS REGIS 1 1 TOTAL CATCH 651 7224 7681 2562 2435 2956 3946 5274 32729-I ----EEP09001 4-17 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-2 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 1 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 U I -U -~ U ICommon Name lApr IMay 1Jun IJul Aug ISep jOct jNov ITotal ICPUE S -I ~ S -I -I -S -S S -I -157' 51 220 6.8~'ATLANTIC CROAKER ATLANTIC MOONFISH BAY ANCHOVY BLACK SEA BASSBLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW)

BLUE RUNNER BULLNOSE RAY BUTTERFISH CLEARNOSE SKATE HOGCHOKER NORTHERN KINGFISH NORTHERN SEAROBIN OYSTER TOADFISH PINFISH SCUP SILVER HAKE SILVER PERCH SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER SMOOTH DOGFISH SPINY DOGFISH SPOT SPOTTED HAKE STRIPED ANCHOVY STRIPED CUSK-EEL STRIPED SEAROBIN SUMMER FLOUNDER WEAKFISH WINDOWPANETotal Finfish Collected Trawls per Month Total CPUE 6 2 1 61 5 4 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 4 3 38 1 4 6 3 1 13 3 1 I157 26 1 2 1 3 1 19 8 91 51 9 1 7 2 1 1 6 11 220 1 106 2!1 1 22 8 18 2 17 4 3 37 1 2 7 26 4 37 68 1 3 1 1 51 41 6.8E 0.03 3.31 0.06 0.09 0.03 0.03 0.69 0.25 0.56 0.06 0.53 0.13 0.09 1.16 0.03 0.06 0.22 0.81 0.13 1.16 2.13 0.03 0.09 0.03 0.03 1.59 0.13 3 8 1 17[ 67 14 83 67 74 2271 1021 651 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 321 4.3 16.81 3.5120.81 16.8 18.5 56.8 25.51 20.3 EEP09001 4-18 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-3 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 2 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name IAprIMayIJunIJul Aug Sep jOct lNov Total AMERICAN SHAD n 1 1' 1 1 n n n 2 ATLANTIC CROAKER 6 211 62 76 419 774 ATLANTIC CUTLASSFISH 1 1ATLANTIC MENHADEN 1 3 2 6 ATLANTIC MOONFISH 2 1 3 ATLANTIC HERRING 1 1 ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE 1 1 BAYANCHOVY 604 890 195 2503 15 7 160 323 4697 BLACK SEA BASS 1 1 2 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 2 1 3 3 6 1 6 22 BULLNOSE RAY 2 2 BUTTERFISH 8 4 3 2 17 CONGER EEL 1 1 HOGCHOKER 4 82 8 1 16 43 3 13 170 LOOKDOWN 1 1 NORTHERN KINGFISH 2 8 10 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 1 1 1 1 1 5 NORTHERN PUFFER 1 1 OYSTER TOADFISH 1 1 SCUP 5 20 25 SILVER PERCH 4 2 4 10 SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER 2 1 1 4 SMOOTH DOGFISH 3 4 2 4 1 14 SPINY DOGFISH 1 3 4 0 SPOT 4 417 124 178 16 63 8021 SPOTTED HAKE 15 106 12 1 1 11 146 STRIPED ANCHOVY 1 1 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 1 5 6 STRIPED SEAROBIN 3 3 SUMMER FLOUNDER 2 2 NEAKFISH 13 58 196 146 42 16 13 484 WHITE PERCH 2 2 NINDOWPANE 3 1 4 0.04 16.13 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.02 0.02 97.85 0.04 0.46 0.04 0.3,5 0.02 3.54 0.02 0.21 0.I10 0.02 0.02 ,0.52 0.21 0.08 0.29 0.08 16.711 3.04 0.02 0.13 0.06 0,04 10.08 0.04 0.08 Total Finfish Collected 635 1100 2831 3145 5501 366 2841 861 72241 Trawls per Month 6 6 61 61 6 61 61 6 481 Total CPUE 105.8 183.3 47.21524.21 91.7 61.0 47.3 143.5 150.5 -I EEP09001 4-19 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-4 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 3 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name ,,EIMay Jun Aug Oct Nov tal AMERICAN SHAD 1l 2 5 0.08 ATLANTIC CROAKER 2 6 1294 1 204 287 442 2236 34.94 ATLANTIC HERRING 2 1 3 0.05 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 2 87 1 1 91 1.42 ATLANTIC MOONFISH 4 4 0.06 ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE 2 2 0.03 BAY ANCHOVY 398 461 269 805 34 211 544 1724 4446 69.47 BLACK DRUM 1 1 0.02 BLUEBACK HERRING 1 1 0.02 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 8 7 6 4 2 3 168 10 208 3.25 BLUEFISH 1 1 0.02 BUTTERFISH 1 8 1 9 19 0.30 CLEARNOSE SKATE 2 2 0.03 HOGCHOKER 44 17 1 19 2 83 1.30 LINED SEAHORSE 3 1 4 0.06 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 1 1 4 3 9 0.14 NORTHERN SEAROBIN 1 9 3 1 14 0.22 OYSTER TOADFISH 1 1 0.02 PINFISH 1 1 0.02 RED HAKE 3 3 0.05 SCUP 2 4 1 7 0.11 SILVER PERCH 1 1 0.02 SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER 1 1 0.02 SMOOTH DOGFISH 15 15 0.23 SPOT 1 3 7 107 12 6 136 2.13 SPOTTED HAKE 4 101 2 7 3 117 1.83 STRIPED ANCHOVY 1 1 2 4 0.06 STRIPED BASS 1 1 2 0.03 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 2 2 2 2 8 0.13 SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 1 1 3 0.05 WEAKFISH 6 7 132 6 71 222 3.47 WHITE PERCH 7 9 16 0.25 WINDOWPANE 14 1 15 0.23 Total Finfish Collected 417 672 383 2282 53 633 1035 2206 7681 Trawls per Month 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 64 Total CPUE 52.1 84.0 47.9 285.3 6.6 79. 129.4 275.81 120.0 -9 EEP09001 4-20 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-5 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 4 using a bottom trawl Total catch and catch April -November 2008 Common Name IApr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Total CPUE ALEWIFE 2 0.04AMERICAN EEL 1 0.02 ATLANTIC CROAKER 29 5 11 102 82 18 247 5.15 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 1 1 0.02 ATLANTIC MOONFISH 6 6 0.13 BAY ANCHOVY 386 91 203 282 76 412 143 85 1678 34.96 BLACK SEA BASS 1 1 0.02 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 4 63 5 2 2 2 4 82 1.71 BLUE RUNNER 4 1 5 0.10 BUTTERFISH 3 1 4 7 15 0.31 HOGCHOKER 91 3 1 3 6 14 118 2.46 LOOKDOWN 1 1 0.02 NORTHERN KINGFISH 1 1 0.02 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 2 1 1 4 0.08 NORTHERN SEAROBIN 1 11 1 13 0.27 SCUP 7 8 17 2 34 0.71 SILVER PERCH 3 3 0.06 SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER 1 1 0.02 SMOOTH DOGFISH 1 1 0.02 SPOT 1 8 6 24 54 31 124 2.58 SPOTTED HAKE 17 45 1 63 1.31 STRIPED BASS 1 1 0.02 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 3 3 0.06 SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 1 2 0.04 WEAKFISH 1 19 41 42 32 3 1 139 2.90 WHITE PERCH 3 10 14 0.29 WINDOWPANE 1 1 2 0.04 Total Finfish Collected 414 343 238 351 171 585 296 164 2562 Trawls per Month 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 48 Total CPUE 69.0 57.2 39.7 58.5 28.5 97.5 49.3 27.3 53A4 EE7P09001 4-21 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-5 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 4 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name Apr May ýJun I Jul I Oct Nov T CPUE SALEWIFE 1 1 2 0.04 AMERICAN EEL 1 0.02 ATLANTIC CROAKER 29 5 11 102 82 18 247 5.15 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 1 1 0.02 ATLANTIC MOONFISH 6 6 0.13 BAY ANCHOVY 386 91 203 282 76 412 143 85 1678 34.96 BLACK SEA BASS 1 1 0.02 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 4 63 5 2 2 2 4 82 1.71 BLUE RUNNER 4 1 5 0.10 BUTTERFISH 3 1 4 7 15 0.31 HOGCHOKER 91 3 1 3 6 14 118 2.46 LOOKDOWN 1 1 0.02 NORTHERN KINGFISH 1 1 0.02 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 2 1 1 4 0.08NORTHERN SEAROBIN 1 11 1 13 0.27 SCUP 7 8 17 2 34 0.71 SILVER PERCH 3 3 0.06 SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER 1 1 0.02 SMOOTH DOGFISH 1 1 0.02 SPOT 1 8 6 24 54 31 124 2.58 SPOTTED HAKE 17 45 1 63 1.31 STRIPED BASS 1 1 0.02 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 3 3 0.06 SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 1 2 0.04 WEAKFISH 1 19 41 42 32 3 1 139 2.90 WHITE PERCH 1 3110 14 0.29 WINDOWPANE 1 2 0.04 Total Finfish Collected 414 343 238 351 1711 585 296 164 2562 Trawls per Month 6! 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 48 Total CPUE 69.0 57.2 39.7 58.5 28.5 97.5 49.3 27.3 53.4 0 EEP09001 4-21 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-6 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 5 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name =Apr IMay JAug ISep jOct INov ITotal CPUE AMERICAN EEL 1 1 0.03 AMERICAN SHAD 1 1 0.03 ATLANTIC CROAKER 1 18 217 126 49 66 3 481 15.03 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 1 1 2 4 0.13 BAYANCHOVY 15 88 65 11 219 7 6 38 449 14.03 BLACKCHEEK TOUNGEFISH 1 1 0.03 BLACK DRUM 3 3 0.09 BLACK SEA BASS 2 1 1 4 0.13 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 79 30 13 87 15 8 61 22 315 9.84 BUTTERFISH 3 3 0.09 CHANNEL CATFISH 1 1 0.03 HOGCHOKER 2 77 11 3 11 38 22 164 5.13 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 1 1 2 0.06 NORTHERN SEAROBIN 3 51 4 58 1.81 OYSTER TOADFISH 1 3 3 6 4 2 19 0.59 RED HAKE 2 2 0.06 SCUP 4 1 7 9 21 0.66 SILVER PERCH 2 2 5 9 0.28 SMALLMOUTH FLOUNDER 1 1 0.03 SMOOTH DOGFISH 1 1 1 3 0.09 SPOT 43 82 42 18 16 201 6.28 SPOTTED HAKE 38 117 155 4.84 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 3 28 8 5 10 3 57 1.78 STRIPED SEAROBIN 1 1 0.03 SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 2 1 2 6 0.19 WEAKFISH 3 2 254 122 38 22 441 13.78 WHITE PERCH 10 1 2 13 26 0.81 WINDOWPANE 1 5 6 0.19 Total Finfish Collected 154 386 110 ý6531 580 181 244 127 2435 Trawls per Month 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 32 Total CPUE 38.5 96.51 27.5 163.3 145.0 45.3 61.0, 3,1,.,8 76.1 EEP09001 4-22 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-7 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 6 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name Apr M Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Total'AMERICAN EEL 2 5 1 4 11 113 0.41 ATLANTIC CROAKER 36 4 111 89 92 37 209 31 609 19.03 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 1 2 3 0.09 BAY ANCHOVY 3 1 3 62 2 4 98 4 177 5.53 BLACKCHEEK TOUNGUEFISH 1 1 0.03 BLACK DRUM 1 2 3 0.09 BLACK SEA BASS 1 2 3 0.09BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 16 67 72 103 62 93 46 21 480 15.00 BLUEFISH 1 1 0.03 BUTTERFISH 1 1 0.03 HOGCHOKER 72 281 32 21 145 80 139 39 809 25.28 NORTHERN PIPEFISH 1 1 2 0.06 NORTHERN SEAROBIN 1 1 2 0.06 NORTHERN STARGAZER 1 1 0.03 OYSTER TOADFISH 9 4 1 13 19 4 50 1.56 SILVER PERCH 4 4 0.13 SPOT 6 27 26 15 3 77 2.41 SPOTTED HAKE 26 34 2 62 1.94 STRIPED BASS 4 2 2 4 12 0.38 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 1 14 3 21 14 9 62 1.94SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 1 2 0.06 WEAKFISH 1 359 100 42 20 522 16.31WHITE CATFISH 1 1 0.03 WHITE PERCH 25 8 1 7 16 57 1.78 WINDOWPANE 1 1 2 0.06Total Finfish Collected 197 407 235 648 468 323 560 118 2956 -Trawls per Month 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 32 Total CPUE 49.3 101.8 58.8 162.0 117.0 80.8 140.0 29.5 92.4 -EEP09001 4-23 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-8 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 7 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Total CPUE AMERICAN EEL 4 71 1 6 11 6114 4 43 14 ATLANTIC CROAKER 30 13 320 288 12 7 42 54 766 23.94 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 3 3 0.09 BAY ANCHOVY 2 4 4 22 20 31 1 84 2.63 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 53 24 12 9 23 31 22 174 5.44 CHANNEL CATFISH 3 1 3 7 0.22 HOGCHOKER 981 183 69 172 33 64 592 418 2512 78.50 NORTHERN KINGFISH 2 2 0.06 OYSTER TOADFISH 1 1 2 0.06 SILVER PERCH 3 3 0.09 SPOT 3 2 4 1 10 0.31 SPOTTED HAKE 7 7 0.22 STRIPED BASS 5 2 8 1 16 0.50 STRIPED CUSK-EEL 2 2 0.06 SUMMER FLOUNDER 1 1 1 3 0.09 WEAKFISH 94 20 44 29 187 5.84 WHITE PERCH 45 7 8 7 1 6 21 30 125 3.91 Total Finfish Collected 1073 275 423 587 1011 18 770 536 39461 -Trawls per Month 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 32 Total CPUE 268.3 68.8 105.8 146.8 25.3 45.3 192.5 134.0 123.3 -EEP09001 4-24 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Table 4-9 PSEG Estuary Enhancement Program Total catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month in Zone 8 using a bottom trawl April -November 2008 Common Name 1~I yInJul Aug Sep Oct Nov T CPUE AMERICAN EEL I 4 51 1 35 19 12 80 2.50 ATLANTIC CROAKER 300 778 387 11 10 97 111 1694 52.94 ATLANTIC MENHADEN 2 1 3 6 0.19 BAY ANCHOVY 5 3 6 13 95 122 3.81 BLUE CRAB (BLUECLAW) 1 4 2 2 4 4 10 27 0.84 CHANNEL CATFISH 6 19 3 3 2 5 9 13 60 1.88 EASTERN SILVERY MINNOW 1 1 0.03 HOGCHOKER 144 576 470 396 20 329 624 326 2885 90.16 NAKED GOBY 1 4 5 0.16 SHORTNOSE STURGEON 1 1 2 0.06 SILVER PERCH 1 6 7 0.22 SPOT 1 10 55 66 2.06 STRIPED ANCHOVY 1 1 0.03 STRIPED BASS 3 2 1 1 7 0.22 WEAKFISH 64 22 48 11 145 4.53 WHITE PERCH 19 16 49 2 3 11 24 42 166 5.19 Total Finfish Collected 169 927 1310 864 69 469 948 518 5274 Trawls per Month 4 41 4 41 4 4 4 32 Total CPUE 42.3 231.8 327.5 216,0 17.3 117.3 237.0 129.5 164.8 -EEP09001 4-25 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Bottom Trawl Effort Figures 0 Zone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Typical Number of Bottom Trawls per Sampling Event 4 6 8 6 4 4 4 4 New Jersey 0 Delaware 0 40,000 ft SCALE Cape Henlopen E Public Service Enterprise Group Figure 4-1 Delaware Bay Sampling Zones EEP09001 Chapter 4 -Bottom Trawl Effort 4-26 Zones 1 -8 25 -____-0 -4)Zone 1 o-10 Zone 3 0 Zoe E-B-Zone 5 8 Zone 6--G- Zone 7 AZone 8 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Figure 4-2 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom water temperature observed during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-27 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Zones I -8 a.a.C U, 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Figure 4-3 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom salinity observed during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-28 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Zones 1 -8 12.0 ----- -10.0 --8,06.0 0 Zone 1 0 D Zone 2 4.0- A Zone 3* -e- Zone 4 S- -Zone 5-0e- Zone 6 2.0 -.-9 --Zone 7 A ---Zone 8 0.0 Apr' May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Figure 4-4 Spatial and temporal distribution of mean bottom dissolved oxygen observed during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-29 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 8 M Atlantic Menhaden El Atlantic Silverside E [Bay Anchovy 5 E2 Blue Crab 4 IN Blueback Herring' Bluefish 3 [U Spot M Striped Bass 0 Weakfish ED EWhite Perch , , , [ Others 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 Abundance Figure 4-5 Total Abundance by zone for target species and other caught during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-30 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort* Q 0 14.0 250.0 12.0 Mean UPUF 200.0 10.0 --.150.0 Coo f W6.0 .. ... ... ......... ___ --_// --100.0 50.0 2.0 ....6.0 1 0 .--50.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Mean species composition (MSC) and CPUE by Month 14.0 180.0 M ean MSC-4 Mean CPUE 160,0 12.0 M .-140.0 10.0-R 6120.0 4.60 --- ....4 .0 .. ....20 ii~20.0 HIS 0.0 10.0 1 2 3 4 Zone 6 8 Mean species composition (MSC) and CPUE by zone Figure 4-6 Mean species composition (MSC) and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by zone and by month for all species caught during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-31 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort Zone 1 Zone 2 4.0 60MSC 4.0 -.MSC 6 0CPUE -600.0 --eCPUE 0.3.5_ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ ____3.5 ____T 500.0 3500.0 3.0 _ 3.0 -2.5 .._..._.400.0 2.5 400.0 L ) 1ii Ill 2.0 i~ t ___ _. __2.0 -300.0 _.1.5 -i -300.00 2.0 !11! giil0l-200.0 1. 200.0 1.0_ 1.0_. ....l.o. -I 100.0 1.0 j .... OO.O 0.5 _ _ _ o 0,5 -_ i_ i 1 10 0.0 .... --: Ioo0.0 , ' 0.0Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Month Zone 3 Zone 4 4.5 -................

.. .. ... .... ............

.. ... .700.0 4.5 -..................................

......................

..... ... 700.0 4.0 -MC40 MS 4C0 600.0 4 -":--CP 600.0 3.5 -__3.5-.-500.0 500.0 3 .0 -3 .0O 2.5 -7 400.0,, 2.5 400.(L U)I ..300.00 = 2.0 -300.&_200.0 -200.0 1.0 1 00.0 15~- ~ li 0.0.5 'lin I-o~ 05 I o~0 .0 ',! IliliiIl 10.0 0 .0 -- 10.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Month Figure 4-7 Mean species composition (MSC) and catch per unit effort (CPUE) by month for each zone during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-32 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort

.b Zone 6-uu.u 4.5 .... ... .........................---

-...........

700.0 4. EMMMSC 4. -= iM-S-C 4.01 -CPUE 6004.0 U 0600.0 355 -- ,,, ....

35.... .. .3.0 500.0 ,ifl 15oo....... ~3.0 ---. .rt-,diI,!i Ro, -o400.02. 1.5 .....2 .0,__ 300.0 23 -00.0 1R! 1 0 E.. 3 0 1.5 -il 1. .5 -t1 ' o~400.0 4.0 300.0 3.0- 3.0 ____Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Month A.Pri -No vem.0 1002- CPEit0 .-I50.o 0.0 -20.0 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Month Month 3.5 i -3.5me 20 EEP09001 4-33 Chatper 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 6 5-'3-2-April....I ......3 6 5 4-1-0 August (none taken)v 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)6 ----- --------May 5 ---------.

__ --- -'---- --0 I 6 Cr=1 0 September (none taken)I I I I I I , .I ] I I I I I [0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)June (none taken)6-5-4 -C 0 *0 t I I ] I I I I ; E I IIi I I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)6 5 4 0*'3 0 October (none taken)________________________ .---.~- ___________________________________________

.1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)4 July (none taken)November (none taken)6 5 4 Cr u2 0 6 5 o>,4 g3 1 0 6 5 4)0*6 5 g-2 1 0.............

i i ! ! , , l l ] ! l i i 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)Figure 4-8 Length-frequency distribution of alewife by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-34 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 5 4 23 2 1-April.Augst.(.neak August (none taken)4=3 22-LL 1-f I I ! I i I II I I I I I I 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)23 -__ __ ...... __ _ _ _ ..M1)0*0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)September (none taken) 5 4-23-LI.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)June (none taken)October 5 4 a 3 d) 2 .LI, 1-5 4.:3 22-U-0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)'July (none taken) November 4 --~.-- 4-~~~ 3 --.-~~~~~~~.............

I ______________________

223-*~ .-3____CD 4 0 1 II I I0I IPI I ' 1 I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm) Length (mm)Figure 4-9 Length-frequency distribution of American shad by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-35 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 0 April 200 175 I.)0 0*0 LJ~125 100 75 50 25 0 200 175 150 125==100 Cr 2! 75 50 25 nl August______________

____________________

________________________

_________________

i 7777-7~7*.*7, 0 40 0 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)200 -175 150 125-Cr g 100 75-L.50 25-0 -May 1-,77 iiit 200 175 150 125 75 50 25 0 September....v 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)June October a)C.U.200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 nl 200 175 150 o 125= 100.- 75 LM _V 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 Length (mm)240 280 320 200 175 150 V 125 100 75-50 25 n l July r .......... ...... ...-..200 175 150 U 125 C November 4-I-50', -- _- _-25-0' _t IIi 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 Length (mm)240 280 320 Figure 4-10 Length-Frequency distribution of Atlantic croaker by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-36 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 25 20 c 15 10 5 0 April 25 20 15-e 10-LL~5-01 August I, v 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)May September 25 20 2 15 .a! 10 IL 5 0 I m -I [...........

.-IL 25 20 15 10 -5 nI I *I I v 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)June October or U.25 20 -15 10 5 0--I-25 20 U, a 15 o10 -LL 5-0-ý0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (ram)0I a ....,.. fI40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)4 25 20 4., 15 0 10 IL 5 0 July (none taken)III I 25 200 15 2 10 5U-0-NovemberI I I III oi 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 Length (mm)0 Figure 4-11 Length-Frequency distribution of Atlantic menhaden by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-37 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort April (none taken)6 4 3 u.2 I *...... .......

6 5=0 4)0L 2 1 0 August (none taken)-111111 I I I i I I .I ..,[ .t. .I i i i w 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)I0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)6 5>4 C, 0-May (none taken)September (none taken) 6 5>1 0~II I I4 I I I I I I 1 1I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)! I i i ; I I I I0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)6 5->4 Cr 2)June (none taken)_______________________________

_________ ...-.3 6 5 4 3"2 1 0 October______________________

--. I Ii1111111 I I I I I I I I I 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm)6Juy (none taken) 6 November 5 -5 .>4 ->4 U U2 1 u..2 ..........

2 2 1 ..1 0 I iI I I I II ; ',I I [.1 0 -I I ; I I I I I I t l I I } I f I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Length (mm) Length (mm)Figure 4-12 Length-frequency distribution of Atlantic silverside by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-38 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort August Cr LI.140 120 100 80 c 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)140 120 Innf May J 80o C" 60 u. 40 20 A3 S..-..---.---..-----

______________

uII.~140 12080 g60 L 40 20 0P I I f f--IIBlIIlliIII U I i i -t 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 Length (mm)00 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)June 140 120 100-80O" 60-LI-1~IhiJh~ii U C 02 0~02 LI-140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0.,_ _ I October 20~~IIIhIIIh H.0 I. :: : ::::::: :: ::. .0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)November U C 02 a 02 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 A 80 70 60>'50 40 E" 3 0 U.20 10 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)I0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Length (mm)Figure 4-13 Length-Frequency distribution of bay anchovy by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November.2008 EEP09001 4-39 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 6 Aprl ( on taen August (none taken)5 -5 _14 .I4 0.O 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Length (mm) Length (mm)May (none taken) September (none taken) 5 -5 4)4 4 i 1 0 I I I I I I 01 i I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Length (mm) Length (mm)June (none taken)6 -6 Ocoe 5 5 a:,2 u , 2 .0 I 0I 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Length (mm) Length (mm)6July (none taken) November (none taken)6 6 C C a a u-2 uL 2 1 ! ______________________

0 I I 0I I 0 III I, 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Length (mm) Length (mm)Figure 4-14 Length-frequency distribution of blueback herring by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-40 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 5 3 22 0 April (none taken)

.......August'I 3 C)22 LL 0 1.0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)May (none taken)5 4 U 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)LL September (none taken)4 3 _2 .1 0 30 60 90 120' 150 180 210 Length (mm)June (none taken)October (none taken)5 4 3 4)22 0I I I I 1:111 jill I I 5 4 3=2 IL 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)1,.5 4 U.July---- ------ --- --------

5 4 22 U.0-November (none taken)0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm)Figure 4-15 Length-frequency distribution of bluefish by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-41 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort April (none taken) August 25 --25 _0,,__10_ _L-0 0 -I 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm) Length (mm)May 30September 25 -25>, 020 ----. 20--------------

15 1 315 310 .. W10 i 3 5 ---5 0 U 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm) Length (mm)June NOctober 25 >20 20 -C C L. 10 .,,10 5 5 0 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Length (mm) Length (mm)30 July ___3 -____November 25 -25 20 ->2 M 15 -1 U_ 10----------

U------10--

5 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 0 30 60 90, 120 1510 180 210 Length (mm) Length (mm)Figure 4-16 Length-frequency distribution of spot by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-42 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort 0 April August 5 5T .S. c 3 -4) (E_ 2 -- --- W 24 U- Ui i 1 i 0 I i i 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Length (mm) Length (mm)May (none taken) September 4 -- 4 _03 30 I 10 2 2 -0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Length (mm) Length (mm)June (none takenN October 4 -4 2 ----- -2 _,, -I-- t .12 0- I 1 J.II0 r 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Length (mm) Length (mm)July November 4 4 4 5 3 a 3 -... ..0 i 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Length (ram) Length (mam)Figure 4-17 Length-frequency distribution of striped bass by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-43 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort April (none taken) August 60 .. ..... ..... ........... .60 50 50 ,~40 .-- ...-. >40.30 , .30 _10;.20 ~10 0 :: i 'i I ' ' , , , II n I] ', -', ',; 1 1 ',111 1, : 1 0 0 40 80 120 160200240280320360400440 0 40 80 120 160200240280320360400440 Length (mm) Length (mm)60May 60 September 50 -650 _=30 -0 0 a 0I ..1111 -1 1 i 0-0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400440 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 Length (mm) Length (mm)June October 60 ......................

........ 60 504-- 50>40 40 -0)30 -----, 20 ---- 20 -.10 L).10 0 40 80 120160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 Length (mm) Length (mm)July November 50 50>40 40.30 -.30.20--.- u_ 20 10 -1 10 0 40 80 120160200240280320360400440 0 40 80 120160200240280320360400440 Length (mm) Length (mm)Figure 4-18 Length-frequency distribution of weakfish by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-44 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort April 8 "4 U 2 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)86 6-4)C*2-0-August I I I 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)May 6 4.-2 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)September 8 6 F, L.2 n 2.KJV70 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)8 6 4-C2 2 -June 1 ______ _____all__I Ae~tc~hrr October 8 6 4 oL0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)0.1 1 1 1 .1 -1 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)8 6 4 2-0I July November 8 Cr LL 2 0 v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Length (mm)0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350.Length (mm)Figure 4-19 Length-frequency distribution of white perch by month during the Bottom Trawl Effort, April -November 2008 EEP09001 4-45 Chapter 4-Bottom Trawl Effort CHAPTER 5: BAYWIDE BEACH SEINE TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLESLIST OF FIGURES INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS Temperature Salinity Dissolved Oxygen 5-iii 5-iv 5-1 5-2 5-4 5-4 5-4 5-4 5-5 EEP09001 5-i Baywide Finfish Monitoring CATCH COMPOSITION SPECIES RICHNESS AND NUMERIC ABUNDANCE SPECIES ACCOUNTS LITERATURE CITED APPENDIX 5-5 5-7 5-7 5-13 5-55 EEP09001 5-ii Baywide Finfish Monitoring LIST OF TABLES Page Table 5-1 Number of finfish and blue crab, by sampling period, taken by seine in the Delaware Bay and River during 2008. 5-18 Table 5-2 Percent composition, by sampling period, for finfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-20 Table 5-3 Percent composition, by river kilometer region, forfinfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-21 Table 5-4 Percent composition, by beach type, for finfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-22 EEP09001 5-iii Baywide Finfish Monitoring LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 5-1 Baywide beach seine station locations.

5-23 Figure 5-2 Mean temperature by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, and by river kilometer (b) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-24 Figure 5-3 Mean salinity by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, and by river kilometer (b)as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-25 Figure 5-4 Mean dissolved oxygen by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, by river kilometer (b) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

5-26 Figure 5-5 Mean abundance and species richness by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b), and beach type (c)as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

5-27 EEP09001 5-iv Baywide Finfish Monitoring Figure 5-6 Mean catch per haul of Atlantic menhaden by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-28 Figure 5-7 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic menhaden taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-29 Figure 5-8 Mean catch per haul of bay anchovy by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b), and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide beach seine survey.

5-31 Figure 5-9 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for bay anchovy taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-32 Figure 5-10 Mean catch per haul of Atlantic silverside by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b), and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide beach seine survey. 5-34 Figure 5-11 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic silverside taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-35 Figure 5-12 Mean catch per haul of white perch by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-37 EEP09001 5-v Baywide Finfish Monitoring Figure 5-13 Length-frequency distribution by sampling periodfor white perch taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-38 Figure 5-14 Mean catch per haul of striped bass by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

5-40 Figure 5-15 Length-frequency distribution by sampling periodfor striped bass taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-41 Figure 5-16 Mean catch per haul of bluefish by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-43 Figure 5-17 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for bluefish taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-44 Figure 5-18 Mean catch per haul of weakfish by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-46 EEP09001 5-vi Bavwide Finfish Monitori'np ng Figure 5-19 Length-frequency distribution by sampling periodfor weakfish taken during the 2008 baywideseine survey.

5-47 Figure 5-20 Mean catch per haul of spot by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c), as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

5-49 Figure 5-21 Length-frequency distribution by sampling periodfor spot taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey. 5-50 Figure 5-22 Mean catch per haul of Atlantic croaker by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

5-52 Figure 5-23 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic croaker taken during the 2008 baywideseine survey.

5-53 EEP09001 5-vii Baywide Finfish Monitoring BAYWIDE BEACH SEINE INTRODUCTION A number of annual survey programs collect empirical data on the relative abundance of finfish of the Delaware River estuary. Among various finfish studies that have been conducted over the past several decades is the Delaware River Striped Bass Recruitment Study conducted by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP).

This annual survey, initiated in 1980, entails beach seinesampling throughout the tidal Delaware River from the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal to the fall line at Trenton, New Jersey. While the number of sampling stations has varied over the years, presently 32 stations are sampled with a 100-ft (30.5-m) beach seine on a monthly frequency in June and November, and semimonthly during July through October. Whereas the focus of this survey is to monitor the year-class strength of striped bass (Morone saxatilis), relevant abundance data is obtained for other species such as white perch (Morone americana), blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), which similarly utilize the shallows within this portion of the River as part of their principal nursery grounds during this temporal period.

PSEG's Baywide Beach Seine Survey was initiated in 1995 to complement the NJDEP seine survey,providing sampling beyond the geographical boundaries of the respective study area to more fully characterize target species abundance and distribution patterns within the estuary. To enhancecompatibility with the results being generated from the existing agency sampling program, the sampling gear and deployment procedures for the Baywide Beach Seine Survey were developed following themethods described in Baum (1994), and through personal communications with the principal investigator, Mr. Thomas Baum of NJDEP.This report constitutes the fourteenth-year progress report for the Baywide Beach Seine Survey.

It presents the overall results of sampling and provides discussion regarding the occurrence of the SalemGenerating Station "SGS" finfish target species: blueback herring, alewife, American shad (Alosa sapidissima), Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), white perch, striped bass, bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus).

EEP09001 5-1 Baywide Finfish Monitoring MATERIALS AND METHODS Beach seine sampling was conducted during daylight once per month in June and November, and twice per month during July through October. Daylight is defined as the period one hour after sunrise to one hour before sunset. Samples were taken at 40 fixed stations in the Delaware Bay and lower River (Figure 5-1). Sampling at all stations was conducted within the period of two hours before to two hours after high slack water specific to that particular location.

Sampling at high water increases the probability thatindividuals collected are more likely to be bay front, shore zone residents rather than marsh tributary transients.

Station spatial distribution was based on a partitioning of the overall study area shoreline into 32 equal-length regions. During the design phase of the study in 1995, the perimeter of the Delaware Bay fromCape May, NJ (rkm 0) to the lower Delaware River at the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (rkm 100) was divided into 32 equal-length regions. Each region was further partitioned into 0.1-nautical mile segments.

One fixed station was established within each of the 32 regions. Eight additional stations were establishedat bay front locations adjacent to PSEG marsh restoration sites. These 40 fixed stations (identifiable by latitude/longitude coordinates and flagged, labeled markers) have been sampled annually since 1995.Seine hauls were taken with a 100- x 6-ft (30.5- x 1.8-m) bagged haul seine with a 1/4-inch (6.25 mm)nylon mesh, identical to the gear employed by NJDEP in the beach seine program conducted upstream of the present study. The seine is set perpendicularly from shore, by boat, until the bag is reached, at which time the remainder of the net is set in an arc-like fashion back to shore. The direction of the set waschosen relative to prevailing tidal current, wind and surf conditions to produce the most effective net deployment.

The standard sampling effort was a single haul at each station.With each collection, finfish were identified to the lowest practical taxonomic level (usually species), counted, and measured.

A subsample of 100 specimens of each target species was measured to the nearest mm. Fork length (FL) was measured for all species with emarginated or forked caudal fins; for other species, total length (TL) was measured.Surface measurements of water temperature

(°C), salinity (ppt) and dissolved oxygen (mgg) were recorded with each collection, as were water clarity (secchi depth), tidal stage, wave height, and weather conditions.

Water quality parameters were measured with a YSI Model 85 OCST meter.EEP09001 5-2 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Catch results are summarized by sampling period, river kilometer (rkm) region and "beach type".

The data are expressed in terms of total number taken; percent of total catch and mean number of specimens per seine haul. Sampling periods were each of the monthly or twice-monthly collection events; regions were defined as 20-rkm sections measured up the centerline of the estuary; and "beach types" were determined after qualitative assessments of the bottom type within the intertidal zone at the deployment location at each station. For graphic presentation purposes, species' length data was partitioned into 5-mm intervals.

EEP09001 5-3 Baywide Finfish Monitoring RESULTS AND DISCUSSION PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS Temperature The pattern in water temperature observed in 2008 exhibited the typical seasonal pattern found in a temperate climate (Figure 5-2a). Over the period of sampling, mean shore zone water temperature increased from the initial value of 24.9°C during the second half of June to the seasonal maximum of 27.6°C during the second half of July. Thereafter, mean temperature decreased steadily to a season low of IL .5°C during the first half of November.The longitudinal differences across this lower 100 rkm of the estuary ranged from 0.6 to 3.6°C during the biweekly sampling periods (Figure 5-2b). The smallest differences within sampling periods occurred during the first half of November. While the largest differences occurred during the second half of June, differences during this period through the first half of August were similarly large, ranging from 3.2 to 3.5°C. During this period mean temperature was lowest in rkm region 0-20.Salinity The overall range and mean values of salinity, as observed in the shore zone during the 2008 beach seine sampling season, are presented in Figure 5-3a. The freshwater discharge in Delaware River, as measured at the Trenton, NJ gauging station, ranged from 71.6 (June) to 137.0 (October) percent of normal (www.state.nj.us/drbc/data.htm).

The discharges in June, August and September were below normal, and those in July, October and November were essentially normal or above. Within that context and considering the relatively restricted temporal window provided by the five-month sampling season,salinity levels exhibited in 2008 were most likely seasonally "typical" for an average flow-year.

Mean values by sampling period ranged from 16.7 to 21.0 ppt, minimum values were 3.7 to 8.1 ppt, and maximum levels were 28.6 to 30.6 ppt.EEP09001 5-4 Baywide Finfish Monitoring The longitudinal gradient in salinity, i.e., the differences between minimum and maximum regional means, during the sampling periods ranged from 16.9 ppt in the second half of October to 23.3 ppt in the second half of July (Figure 5-3b).Dissolved Oxygen The Delaware Bay generally is considered to be well oxygenated throughout the year, and the high degree of tidal-driven mixing results in a nearly homogeneous vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen in the water column (PSE&G 1984). Smith (1987) and Michels (1995) concluded that dissolved oxygen levels in the Delaware Bay are not limiting to normal finfish species distributions.

The minimum dissolved oxygen value, measured during the study period, of 4.0 mg/C was recorded at Station 24 during the second half of June. Mean dissolved oxygen by sampling period ranged from 6.3, during the second half of September, to 9.2 mg/C, during the first half of November (Figure 5-4a).Regional mean dissolved oxygen concentrations are depicted in Figure 5-4b. During a given sampling period, the greatest regional difference of 3.0 mg/C was recorded during the first half of August. The greatest difference in mean dissolved oxygen within a region was recorded in region rkm 81-100 with a range of 3.6 mg/C. The smallest difference in mean dissolved oxygen within a region was recorded in region rkm 0-20 with a range of 2.4 mg/C.CATCH COMPOSITION Totals of 15,559 specimens of 38 finfish species and 304 blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) were collected in the 400 seine samples during 2008 (Table 5-1). Atlantic silverside was the most abundant species taken in the seine catch (n=7,329), comprising 47.1 percent of the annual sample (Table 5-2). Historically, Atlantic silverside has been predominant in the shore zone of the lower Delaware Estuary (Daiber 1954;DeSylva et al. 1962; PSEG 1996-2008).

Bay anchovy, with a catch of 4,015 specimens, ranked second and comprised 25.8 percent of the catch.

Spot (n=1,037), striped killifish (Fundulus majalis; n=902) andAtlantic menhaden (n=778) comprised 6.7, 5.8 and 5.0 percent of the total catch, respectively (Tables 5-1, 5-2). Weakfish and Atlantic croaker were the only other species to individually represent at least one percent of the total catch. Nearly 45 percent, (17 of 38), of the species taken were represented by 10 or fewer specimens.

A total of seven species was taken during all 10 sampling events; 10 species were takenin all regions; 14 species were taken at all beach types (Tables 5-3, 5-4). Only five species were collected during all sampling periods, in all regions and at all beach types: Atlantic silverside, bay anchovy, spot,Atlantic croaker and striped bass. These species may be characterized as the ubiquitous core of the seasonal baywide, shore zone community in 2008.EEP09001 5-5 Baywide Finfish Monitoring The component of the seine catch composition represented by the target species temporally, regionally and relative to beach type is provided in Tables 5-2, 5-3 and 5-4, respectively.

Temporally, Atlantic silverside was the predominant target species during 8 of 10 sampling periods, comprising from 27.4 to 74.0 percent of the catch (Table 5-2). They ranked second to bay anchovy during the second halves of September and October. Fittingly as second most abundant species overall, bay anchovy ranked second during 5 of 10 sampling periods, comprising from 17.1 to 35.2 percent of the catch during those periods.However as inferred above, they were the most abundant species during the second halves of September and October, comprising 52.0 and 60.6 percent of the catch, respectively.

Spot, Atlantic menhaden and weakfish were the only other target species which comprised more than 10 percent in any given sampling period. Spot comprised from 10.3 to 15.4 percent of the catch during the sampling periods in July and August, and ranked second during the second half of July. Atlantic menhaden was the second most abundant species during the second half of June, comprising 31.1 percent of the catch. It comprised 5 7.1 percent of the catch in sampling periods thereafter.

Weakfish was ranked second in the first half of July, comprising 21.3 percent of the catch, but it comprised<

4.4 percent

of the catch in sampling periodsthereafter. Atlantic croaker, striped bass, bluefish, white perch, American shad, and blueback herring were collected during the 2008 sampling season, but comprised less than five percent of the catch during any given sampling period. Alewife was not collected during the 2008 sampling season.Regionally, Atlantic silverside was the predominant species in the three regions rkm 0-60 comprising from 41.0 to 57.2 percent of the catch in those regions, and was secondarily abundant in the tworemaining regions rkm 61-100 (Table 5-3). Bay anchovy was the predominant species in the two regions rkm 61-100, representing 50.0 and 84.3 percent, respectively.

They were ranked second to Atlantic silverside in regions rkm 0-20 and 41-60. Spot, Atlantic menhaden and weakfish were the only other target species to comprise

> 5 percent of the catch in a given sampling region. Spot comprised from 8.2 to 8.5 percent of the catch in rkm regions 0-60; Atlantic menhaden comprised

9.5 percent

in rkm 21-40;and weakfish comprised 5.3 and 5.7 percent in rkm 0-20 and 41-60, respectively.

At the five beach types, Atlantic silverside was the predominant target species at all beach types except peat, comprising from 28.7 to 61.9 percent of the total catch, and was secondarily abundant at the peat beaches at 35.9 percent (Table 5-4). Bay anchovy was the predominant target species at the peat beaches comprising 38.8 percent of the catch, and was secondarily abundant at the sand and sand/peat beaches, comprising from 26.9 to 31.4 percent at those beach types. Spot was secondarily abundant at the peat/mud and mud beaches, comprising 10.7 and 22.6 percent of the catches there. Atlantic menhaden and weakfish were the only other target species to comprise more than 5 percent of the catch at a given beach type. Atlantic menhaden comprised

9.8 percent

of the catch at peat and mud beaches, and 6.3 percent at sand/peat beaches. Weakfish comprised

7.1 percent

of the catch at mud beaches.EEP09001 5-6 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SPECIES RICHNESS AND NUMERIC ABUNDANCE As a result of the predominance of the Atlantic silverside and bay anchovy (72.9 percent of the catch), the measure of numeric abundance relative to time, region and beach type largely reflects the pattern of occurrence of these species across these gradients.

Overall finfish abundance in the shore zone, as measured by mean catch per haul, was highest at 57.6 during the second half of August (Figure 5-5a).

There were secondary peaks during the second halves of June, July and September, and during the first half of November, with mean catches ranging from 42.9 to 48.6. During the other sampling periods, mean catches ranged from 25.4 during the second half of October to 33.8 during the first half of October.Regionally, finfish abundance was highest in the region rkm 21-40 with a mean catch per haul of 51.2, and lowest in region rkm 81-100 with a mean catch of 25.7 (Figure 5-5b). Relative to beach type, abundance was highest at the peat/mud beaches with a mean catch of 76.4, and secondarily high at the mud beaches with a catch of 63.8 (Figure 5-5c). The mean catch per haul for the peat beach type was the lowest at 28.7.Over the sampling season, species richness (N) was equally high at 24 species taken during the first half of July and during both collection periods in August (Figure 5-5a). It was lowest during the first half of November at 14 species, and ranged from 16 to 22 species during the remaining sampling periods.Regionally, species richness was similarly high in rkm 0-20 and 21-40 with 28 and 29 species taken, respectively (Figure 5-5b). Species richness decreased thereafter in the three regions rkm 41-100 with 26, 20 and 13 species, respectively. Relative to beach type, species richness was highest at the mud/peat beaches with 34 species taken (Figure 5-5c). At the other beach types, richness was similar ranging from 19 to 24.SPECIES ACCOUNTS The following species accounts present the sampling results specific to each of the SGS target finfish species. These data summaries describe periods of occurrence, temporal and spatial abundance patterns, size distribution and inferred age composition.

Graphic presentations of abundance and length-frequency data were prepared for those target species represented by at least ten specimens collected.

EEP09001 5-7 Baywide Finfish Monitoring American shad, Blueback herring and Alewife Totals of four American shad and three blueback herring were taken in this study during 2008 (Table 5-1). No alewife were collected in 2008.Atlantic menhaden During 2008, a total of 778 Atlantic menhaden was taken, comprising

5.0 percent

of the total catch (Tables 5-1 and 5-2). They were taken in all but three sampling periods, and were most abundant during the second half of June, with a mean catch of 15.1 specimens per haul, comprising 31.1 percent of the catch during that period (Table 5-2 and Figure 5-6a). Thereafter, the mean catches were_< 2.2. Atlantic menhaden ranged in length from 28 to 293 mm FL (Figure 5-7), and all except five were age 0+ (Able and Fahay 1998). Atlantic menhaden was taken in all regions, and was most abundant in region rkm 21-40 with a mean catch of 4.9 (Figure 5-6b). The catches in the remaining regions wer6 0. 9. Atlanticmenhaden was taken at all beach types. Their abundance was highest at the mud beach type with a mean catch of 6.3 per haul; it was intermediately high at the peat/mud, peat and sand/peat beach types with mean catches ranging from 2.3 to 2.8 per haul; and it was lowest at the sand beaches at 0.4 (Figure 5-6c).Bay anchovy A total of 4,015 bay anchovy was taken, comprising 25.8 percent of the 2008 seine catch (Tables 5-i and 5-2). As a characteristically ubiquitous species within the study area, bay anchovy was taken during allsampling periods, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-8). Bay anchovy abundance was highest during the second half of September, when the mean catch per haul was 22.3 (Figure 5-8a). Their abundance was secondarily high during the second halves of August and October, with mean catches per haul of 15.4 during both periods. The catch per unit effort waK 11.9 during all remaining sampling periods. Bay anchovy ranged in length from 22 to 94 mm FL (Figure 5-9), including individuals age 0+and older (PSE&G 1999a). Based on the sub sample measured, all bay anchovy taken during first two collection periods were age 1+ and older with modal lengths of 63 and 73 mm FL, respectively.

Duringthe period from the second half of July through the second half of August, ages 0+ and 1 + were more or EEP09001 5-8 Baywide Finfish Monitoring less evenly represented in the collections.

Thereafter, age 0+ of the 2008 year-class was predominant comprising from 61 to 97 percent of the catch, with modal lengths remaining stable at 43 or 48 mm FL.Overall, age 0+ individuals comprised about 63 percent of the species' catch. Bay anchovy abundance was highest in the region rkm 81-100 with a mean catch of 21.6 per haul, and it was secondarily high in rkm 61-80 at 17.9 (Figure 5-8b). In other regions, mean catches ranging from 3.7 to 8.9. Bay anchovy abundance was similarly high at the peat and sand/peat beach types, with a mean catches of 11.2 and 13.7 per haul, respectively (Figure 5-8c). At the other beach types, mean catches ranging from 3.9 to 8.7.Atlantic silversideAtlantic silverside was the most abundant species collected during 2008 with a total of 7,329 specimens taken and comprised 47.1 percent of the total catch (Table 5-1 and 5-2). As one of the ubiquitous corespecies group, Atlantic silverside was taken during all sampling periods, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-10). Their abundance was highest during the first half of November, when the mean catch per haul was 33.8 (Figure 5-10a). Atlantic silverside abundance was secondarily high during the second halves of July and August, with mean catches per haul of 28.9 and 26.2, respectively.

The catch per unit effort was < 19.1 during all remaining sampling periods. Atlantic silverside ranged in length from 23 to 129 mm FL (Figure 5-11), including individuals age 0+ to potentially age 2 (Conover and Ross 1982). Although age composition for this species is difficult to infer from length data alone, itappears that age 1+ (2007 year class) was the predominate age class during the first collection period, with a modal length of 73 mm FL and comprising 97 percent of the catch (Able and Fahay 1998). In collection periods thereafter, age 0+ were predominant comprising from 82 to 100 percent of thesubsample measured. The modal length generally increased from 53 to 73 mm TL, during the period from the first half of July through the first half of October, but decreased to 63 mm FL during the second half of October and the first half of November (Figure 5-11). Atlantic silverside abundance was highest in rkm region 21-40 with a mean catch of 29.3 per haul (Figure 5-1Ob). Abundance was intermediately high in rkm regions 0-20 and 61-80, with catches of 17.2 and 14ý5, respectively.

In the remaining regions,mean catches were

< 11.8. Atlantic silverside abundance was highest at the peat/mud beach type with a catch per haul of 47.3, intermediately high at the sand/peat (22.9) and mud (18.3) beach types and lowest at the peat (10.3) beach type (Figure 5-10c).EEP09001 5-9 Baywide Finfish Monitoring White perch A total of 50 white perch was taken in the 2008 seine program (Table 5-1). White perch was taken during all but three sampling periods (Figure 5-12). The relatively low catch was not unexpected since the principal summer nursery and feeding grounds occur in the tributaries of the Estuary and in the Delaware River above the upstream limits of the study area. By contrast, the NJDEP seine effort in the river upstream has yielded, with essentially the same level of effort, annual catches of 1,808 -13,791 white perch over the past 15 years 1993-2008 (Baum 1993-1996; Baum et al. 1997-2005; Muffley et al. 2006;Muffley and Corbett 2007 and 2008; Baum, pers. comm., preliminary 2008 catch data).White perch abundance was highest during the first half of November with a catch per haul of 0.5 (Figure 5-12a). The catch per unit effort was < 0.2 during all remaining sampling periods. White perch ranged in length from 61 to 310 mm FL (Figure 5-13), including individuals age 0+ to potentially age 6+ or older (Clark 1998). The length frequency distribution is generally unremarkable, reflecting scattered unitary frequencies.

However, it would appear that only two individuals collected were age 0+. White perch abundance was highest in rkm region 41-60 with a mean catch of 0.3 per haul (Figure 5-12b). In the remaining regions, mean catches were < 0. 1. White perch was most abundant at the peat beach type with a mean catch of 0.3; at all other beach types catches were < 0.1 (Figure 5-12c).Striped bass During 2008, a total of 98 striped bass was taken (Table 5-1). As one of the ubiquitous core species group, striped bass was taken during all sampling periods, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-14). Striped bass abundance was equally high during the first halves of July and August, with mean catches of 0.5; during the other collection periods of the sampling season, the mean catches ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 per haul (Figure 5-14a). Striped bass ranged in length from 32 to 610 mm FL (Figure 5-15), including individuals age 0+ to potentially age 5+ (Baum et al. 2004). The length frequency distribution is generally unremarkable, reflecting scattered unitary frequencies.

Specimens age 0+ comprised 23 percent of the total catch. Striped bass abundance was highest in rkm region 41-60 with a mean catch of 0.5 per haul (Figure 5-14b). In all other regions, the mean catches were < 0.3 per haul. Striped bass abundance was highest at the mud beach type with a mean catch of 0.7 (Figure 5-14c). At the other beach types, mean catch ranged from 0.1 to 0.3.EEP09001 5-10 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Bluefish During 2008, a total of 71 bluefish was taken (Table 5-1). Bluefish was taken during all sampling periods except the first half of November, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-16). Their abundance was highest during the second half of June at 0.5 specimens per haul (Figure 5-16a). In all other sampling periods in which bluefish was taken, the catch per haul was < 0.3. Bluefish ranged in length from 52 to 222 mm FL, and all were age 0+ (Figure 5-17); Able and Fahay 1998)., Bluefish was most abundant in region rkm 0-20 with a mean catch per haul of 0.5 (Figure 5-16b). In all other regions, the mean catches were 0.1 per haul. Bluefish was most abundant at the sand beach type with a mean catch of 0.3, and mean catches at the other beaches were

< 0.2 (Figure 5-16c).Weakfish During 2008, a total of 467 weakfish was taken (Table 5-1). Weakfish was taken during all but one sampling period (November), in all regions except rkm 81-100 and at all beach types (Figure 5-18).Weakfish abundance reached the seasonal peak of 6.6 during the first half of July (Figure 5-18a). The catch per unit effort was< 2 .1 during all remaining sampling periods. Weakfish ranged in length from 23 to 330 mm TL, including age 0+ and 1+ individuals (Figure 5-19; Michels 1997). All but six specimens were age 0+. The modal lengths were 53 and 73 mm TL during the July collection periods, when 74 percent of measurements were recorded.

Thereafter, the catch was small and the length frequency distribution is unremarkable.

Weakfish abundance was highest in the rkm region 0-20, with a mean catch of 2.0 per haul (Figure 5-18b). In regions rkm 21-40 and 41-60, catches were 1.3 and 1.6, respectively.

Weakfish was most abundant at the mud beach type with a mean catch of 4.6, was similarly and intermediately abundant at the sand and peat beach types with respective catches of 1.3 and 1.0, and was least abundant at the sand/peat beach type with a catch of 0.6 (Figure 5-18c).Spot A total of 1,037 spot was taken in 2008 (Table 5-1). As one of the ubiquitous core species group, spot was taken during all sampling periods, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-20). During the first EEP09001 5-1 1 Baywide Finfish Monitoring four collection periods (i.e., second half of June through the first half of August, their abundance was secondarily high, with similar mean catches ranging from 3.7 to 5.0 specimens per haul (Figure 5-20a).Their seasonal peak in abundance of 6.8 specimens per haul was reached in the second half of August.Thereafter, abundance steadily decreased, with mean catches of < 1.3. Spot ranged in length from 14 to 240 mm TL, and age 0+ comprised 92 percent of the catch (Figure 5-21; Able and Fahay 1998, PSEG 1984). The modal length generally increased from 18 to 138 mm TL, during the period from the second half of June through the first half of August; the distribution was bimodal during the second half of August with modes at 73 and 153 mm TL. Thereafter, the catch was small and the length frequency distribution is unremarkable.

Spot was most abundant in rkm region 21-40 with a mean catch per haul of 4.4; was secondarily abundant in regions rkm 0-20 and 41-60, with a mean catches of 3.1 and 2.5, respectively; and was least abundant in rkm regions 61-80 and 81-100 with mean catches of 0.6 and 0.3 per haul, respectively (Figure 5-20b).

Spot was most abundant at the mud beach type with a mean catch of 14.4 per haul, and they were secondarily abundant at the peat/mud beaches, with a mean catch of 8.1 (Figure 5-20c). Mean catches at the other beaches were < 2.1.Atlantic croaker During 2008, a total of 285 Atlantic croaker was taken (Table 5-1). As one of the ubiquitous core species group, they were taken during all sampling periods, in all regions, and at all beach types (Figure 5-22).During the first two collection periods (i.e., second half of June and the first half of July, their abundance was secondarily high, with similar mean catches ranging of 1.3 and 1.0 specimens per haul (Figure 5-22a). Thereafter, abundance steadily decreased, with mean catches ranging from 0.8 to 0.1. Their seasonal peak in abundance of 1.8 specimens per haul was reached as the catch spiked in the first half of November. They ranged in length from 12 to 199 mm TL (Figure 5-23). During the period from the second half of June through the first half of October, all individuals measured were age 1+, and modal length generally increased during the period from 88 to 153 mm TL (PSEG 1984; Figure 5-23). During the second half of October and the first half of November, all individuals measured were age 0+, the modal length was 23 mm TL. Atlantic croaker was most abundant in the region rkm 0-20 with a mean catch of 1.7 per haul (Figure 5-22b).

Mean catches in the other regions wert 0. 8. Mean catches of Atlantic croaker was highest at the peat/mud beach type with a catch per haul of 1.8, intermediately high at the sand and peat beach types with catches of 0.8 and 0.6, respectively, and similarly low at the sand/peat and mud beach types with a mean catches of 0.4 and 0.3, respectively (Figure 5-22c).EEP09001 5-12 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 0 LITERATURE CITED Able, K. W. and M. P. Fahay. 1998. The first year in the life of estuarine fishes in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ.Baum, T. A. 1993. Delaware River striped bass recruitment study. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-32. New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.1994. Delaware River striped bass recruitment study. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-I 5-R-35. New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.1995. Delaware River striped bass recruitment study. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-36.

New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.___1996. Delaware River striped bass recruitment survey. Ln: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries, 1995. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-37. New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.Personal communication.

Preliminary 2008 catch data.Baum, T. A., R. L. Allen, and H. E. Corbett. 1997. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

1996. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-38.

New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.1998. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

1997. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-39. New Jersey Division of Fish,Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.1999. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

1998. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-40.

New Jersey Division of Fish, Game and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.EEP09001 5-13 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 2000. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

1999. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-41.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.2001. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2000. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-42.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.2002. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2001. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-43. New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.2003. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2002. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-I 5-R-44. New Jersey Division of Fish andWildlife, Trenton, NJ.2004. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2003. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-45.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.2005. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2004. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-46.

New Jersey Division of Fish andWildlife, Trenton, NJ.Clark, J. 1998. Anadromous species investigations:

White perch management plan for the Delaware River basin. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-47-R-5, Job 1-VI. Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife, Dover, DE.Conover, D.O., and M.R. Ross.

1982. Patterns in seasonal abundance, growth and biomass of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia, in a New England Estuary. Estuaries 5:275-286.

EEP09001 5-14 Baywide Finfish Monitoring WDaiber, F.C. 1954. Fisheries research program. Univ. Delaware Marine Labs.

Biennial Report, 1953-1954, 2: 50-64.DeSylva, D.P., F.A. Kalber, Jr., and C.N. Shuster, Jr. 1962. Fishes and ecological conditions in the shore zone of the Delaware River estuary, with notes on other species collected in deeper waters.

Unvi.Del. Mar. Lab. Info Ser. Pub. 5:1-164.

Michels, S.F. 1995. Bottom trawl survey of adult groundfish in Delaware Bay. In: Coastal finfish assessment survey. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-42-R-6, Job 1-2. Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife, Dover, DE.

1997. Bottom trawl survey of juvenile fishes in the Delaware Estuaries.

In: Coastal finfish assessment survey. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-42-R-8, Job 1-3. Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife, Dover, DE.Muffley, B.W., H.E.

Corbett, T.A. Baum, and R.L. Allen. 2006. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries: 2005. Federal Aid in Fisheries RestorationProject F-15-R-47.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.Muffley, B.W., and H.E. Corbett. 2007. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:

2006. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-47.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.2008. Delaware River young of year recruitment survey. In: New Jersey Striped Bass Fisheries:2007. Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration Project F-15-R-47.

New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife, Trenton, NJ.Public Service Electric

& Gas Co. (PSE&G). 1984. Salem Generating Station 316(b) Demonstration.

Public Service Electric &

Gas Co., Newark, NJ.1996. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 1995 Annual Report.Public Service Electric &

Gas Co., Newark, NJ.0 EEP09001 5-15 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 1997. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 1996 Annual Report.1998. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 1997 Annual Report.1999a. Salem Generating Station NJPDES Permit Renewal Application.

Appendix C, Attachments C-I through C-9.1999b. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 1998 Annual Report.2000. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 1999 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG). 2001. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2000 Annual Report. Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.2002. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2001 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.2003. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2002 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.2004. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2003 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.2005. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2004 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.2006. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2005 Annual Report.

Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.S EEP09001 5-16 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 2007. Chapter 5: Baywide Beach Seine In: Biological Monitoring Program, 2006 Annual Report.Public Service Enterprise Group, Newark, NJ.Smith, R. 1987. Marine fish populations in Delaware Bay. Trawl Surveys. Federal Aid in Fisheries EEP09001 5-17 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Table 5-1. Number of finfish and blue crab, by sampling period, taken by seine in the Delaware Bay and River during 2008.JUN JUL JUL AUG AUG SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV Species 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 Total Southern stingray Dasyatis americana 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Cownose ray Rhinoptera bonasus 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 American eel Anguilla rostrata 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 American shad Alosa sapidissima 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 4 Blueback herring A/osa aestivalis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannts 604 87 27 22 13 0 23 2 0 0 778 Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepediamtm 1 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 6 14 Striped anchovy Anchoa hepsetus 3 0 9 12 23 10 11 3 0 0 71 Bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 274 160 98 183 616 390 892 476 614 312 4015 Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 Striped cusk-eel Ophidion marginatum 4 8 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 Halfbeak Hyporhaniphus ineeki 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 Atlantic needlefish Strongyhura marina 1 1 1 0 5 1 5 0 0 0 14 Sheepshead minnow Cyprinodon variegatus 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 4 6 16 Mummichog Funduhts heteroclitus 0 0 5 1 2 0 0 0 2 0 10 Striped killifish Fundulus majalis 8 26 245 100 199 67 99 58 60 40 902 Rough silverside Memnbras martinica 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 Atlantic silverside MIenidia n2enidia 763 419 1157 434 1050 590 596 691 278 1351 7329 White perch Aforone americana 7 5 0 1 0 0 4 6 8 19 50 Striped bass Morone saxatilis 12 21 8 19 7 5 7 5 6 8 98 Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix 18 7 8 9 6 6 2 13 2 0 71 Crevalle jack Caranx hippos 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 Lookdown Selene vomer 0 0 6 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 8Florida pompano Trachinotus carolimis 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 0 5 Permit Trachinotusfalcatus 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 7 Pigfish Orthopristis chrysoptera 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Weakfish Cynoscion regalis 5 263 85 40 29 5 13 24 3 0 467 Silver perch Bairdiella chrysoura 20 9 1 2 5 1 2 2 0 0 42 EEP09001 5-18 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 0

JUN JUL JUL AUG AUG SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV Species 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 Total Spot Leiostomus xanthurus 161 146 199 163 271 53 23 18 2 1 1037 Southern kingfish AIenticirrhus americanus 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Northern kingfish Menticirrhus saxatilis 0 1 7 13 9 13 11 15 15 2 86 Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus 51 41 33 28 30 14 2 9 7 70 285 Black drum Pogonias cromis 0 19 6 2 16 3 0 5 2 1 54 White mullet Mugil curema 1 1 4 14 7 9 14 17 8 6 81 Summer flounder Paralichthys dentatits 6 3 2 0 2 0 4 1 0 0 18 Hogchoker Trinectes maculatus 0 4 21 9 3 3 1 0 0 0 41 Northern puffer Sphoeroides maculatus 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Striped burrfish Chilomycterus schoepf! 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Total 1944 1232 1938 1061 2302 1173 1716 1353 1014 1826 15559 Blue crab Callinectes sapidus 19 49 37 28 40 30 50 46 4 1 304 EEP09001 5-19 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Table 5-2. Percent composition, by sampling period, for finfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey.

JUN JUL JUL AUG AUG SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV Species 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-31 1-15 16-30 1-15 16-31 1-15 total Atlantic silverside 39.2 34.0 59.7 40.9 45.6 50.3 34.7 51.1 27.4 74.0 47.1 Bay anchovy 14.1 13.0 5.1 17.2 26.8 33.2 52.0 35.2 60.6 17.1 25.8 Spot 8.3 11.9 10.3 15.4 11.8 4.5 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.1 6.7 Striped killifish 0.4 2.1 12.6 9.4 8.6 5.7 5.8 4.3 5.9 2.2 5.8 Atlantic menhaden 31.1 7.1 1.4 2.1 0.6 1.3 0.1 5.0 Weakfish 0.3 21.3 4.4 3.8 1.3 0.4 0.8 1.8 0.3 3.0 Atlantic croaker 2.6 3.3 1.7 2.6 1.3 1.2 0.1 0.7 0.7 3.8 1.8 Striped bass 0.6 1.7 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 Northern kingfish 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.6 1.1 1.5 0.1 0.6 White mullet 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.3 0.3 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.3 0.5 Bluefish 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.1 1.0 0.2 0.5 Striped anchovy 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.5 Black drum 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 White perch 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.3 Silver perch 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 Hogchoker 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 Striped cusk-eel 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.2Summer flounder 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1Sheepshead minnow 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 Atlantic needlefish 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 Gizzard shad 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 Mummichog 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 Lookdown 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 Permit 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 American eel 0.4 0.1 <0.1 Channel catfish 0.2 <0.1 <0.1 Florida pompano 0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 American shad 0.1 0.2 0.1 <0.1 Blueback herring 0.2 <0.1 Crevalle jack <0.1 0.1 _<0.1 Halfbeak 0.1 0.2 <0.1 Rough silverside 0.2 <0.1 Striped burrfish 0.2 <0.1 Northern puffer 0.1 0.1 <0.1 Cownose ray 0.1 <0.1 Pigfish 0.1 <0.1 Southern kingfish <0.1 <0.1 Southern stingray <0.1 <0.1 0 EEP09001 S-20 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Table 5-3. Percent composition, by river kilometer region, for finfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey.Common Name 0-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 Total Atlantic silverside 46.3 57.2 41.0 40.6 7.7 47.1 Bay anchovy 21.7 7.2 30.8 50.0 84.3 25.8 Spot 8.2 8.5 8.5 1.6 1.0 6.7 Striped killifish 3.2 10.2 3.7 1.8 5.8Atlantic menhaden 1.2 9.5 1.1 2.5 0.6 5.0 Weakfish 5.3 2.6 5.7 0.7 3.0 Atlantic croaker 4.5 1.5 2.1 0.2 1.7 1.8 Striped bass 0.5 0.3 1.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 Northern kingfish 1.1 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 White mullet 1.7 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 Bluefish 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 Striped anchovy 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.2 2.2 0.5 Black drum 0.3 0.5 0.6 <0.1 0.3 White perch 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 Silver perch 1.2 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.3 Hogchoker 0.2 1.3 0.3 0.3 Striped cusk-eel 0.9 <0.1 0.2Summer flounder 0.6 <0.1 <0.1 0.1Sheepshead minnow 0.1 0.2 0.1 Atlantic needlefish 0.3 <0.1 0.2 0.1 Gizzard shad <0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 Mummichog 0.1 0.1 0.1 Lookdown 0.3 <0.1 0.1 Permit 0.1 0.1 <0.1 American eel 0.1 0.1 <0. 1 Channel catfish 0.2 <0.1Florida pompano 0.1 <0.1 <0.1

<0.1American shad

<0.1 0.1 <0.1 Blueback herring 0.4 <0.1 Crevalle jack 0.1 <0.1 Halfbeak <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Rough silverside

<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Striped burrfish <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Northern puffer

<0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Cownose ray <0.1 <0.1 Pigfish <0. 1 <0.1 Southern kingfish <0.1 I <0.1 Southern stingray <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 EEP09001 5-21 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Table 5-4. Percent composition, by beach type, for finfish taken in the 2008 baywide seine survey.Common Name SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUD Total Atlantic silverside 47.4 52.3 35.9 61.9 28.7 47.1 Bay anchovy 26.9 31.4 38.8 8.5 6.1 25.8 Spot 6.5 1.2 4.1 10.7 22.6 6.7 Striped killifish 4.3 3.8 1.0 11.4 18.7 5.8 Atlantic menhaden 1.1 6.3 9.8 3.0 9.8

5.0 Weakfish

3.9 1.4 3.5 0.9 7.1 3.0 Atlantic croaker 2.4 0.9 2.2 2.4 0.5 1.8 Striped bass 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 1.0 0.6 Northern kingfish 0.8 0.8 <0.1 0.2 0.9 0.6 White mullet 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 Bluefish 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 Striped anchovy 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.5 Black drum 0.2 0.4 0.1 2.4 0.3 White perch 0.1 0.2 1.1 <0.1 0.2 0.3 Silver perch 0.6 <0. 1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 Hogchoker 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.3 Striped cusk-eel 0.5 <0.1 0.2 Summer flounder 0.3 0.1Sheepshead minnow 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 Atlantic needlefish 0.2 0.1 <0.1 0.1 Gizzard shad 0.1 <0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 Mummichog 0.2 <0.1 0.1 0.1 Lookdown 0.2 0.1 Permit 0.1 <0. 1 <0.1 American eel <0.1 0.1 <0.1 0.2 <0.1 Channel catfish 0.1 0.1 <0.1Florida pompano 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 American shad <0.1 <0.1 0.1 <0.1 Blueback herring 0.1 <0.1 Crevalle jack 0.1 <0.1 Halfbeak <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Rough silverside

<0.1 0.1 <0.1 Striped burrfish <0.1 0.1 <0.1 Northern puffer <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 Cownose ray <0.1 <0.1 Pigfish <0.1 <0.1 Southern kingfish <0.1 <0.1 Southern stingray <0.1 <0.1 0 0 EEP09001 5-22 Baywide Finfish Monitoring

/ S AMPLED BY NJDEP I RKM 80 NEW JERSEY 18 14 19 COHANSEY RIVER 20;12 21 10 22 MAURICE RIVER 24 0 RKM 40 25 3 26 ORKM 20 27 ý28 ATLANTIC OCEAN Figure 5-1 Baywide beach seine station locations.

EEP09001 5-23 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 32 (a)30 28 26 24.) 22 20 is IaI. 16 14 12 10 8 6 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLE PERIOD (b)30 28 ...- :: 0 26 Y' 22:D 20 C4-------------------------------------------

'A1 A--- ---- ---------.....

A S18 H- JUN 16-30-i-- JUL 1-15 16 .0 JUL 16-31-LrAUG 1- 15 .........-c- AUG 16-31 14 -P8- SEP 1-15 + .. ...................... .+ ........ .... +SEP 16-30.OCT 1-15 12 + OCT 16-31 ..-_---W- NOV 1-15 W---- ---,- ---- ....-- --.-- -----10 0-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER Figure 5-2 Mean temperature by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, and by river kilometer (b) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-24 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)35 30 25 0-320 M 15 10 32 30 28 26 24 22 S20~1816

.c 14 CIO 12 10 8 6 4 2 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLE PERIOD (b) JUN 16-30-i- JUL 1-15-C- JUL 16-31-4,- AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31-M- SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30-,- OCT 1-15+ OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15"q_0-20 21-40 41-60RIVER KILOMETER 61-80 81-100 Figure 5-3 Mean salinity by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, and by river kilometer (b) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

EEP09001 5-25 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 0 (a)14 12 10 C0 V0 Mf 8 6 I I 4-2-10.0 9.5 9.0JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLE PERIOD (b)10.0 9.5 9.0 z 0-J 0 cj~8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 JUN 16-30 or-0-- JUL 1-15- JUL 16-31-,r- AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 C(SEP 16-30--k-OCT 1-15* +. OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 0-20 21-40 41-60RIVER KILOMETER 61-80 81-100 Figure 5-4 Mean dissolved oxygen by sampling period (a) showing minimum and maximum values, by river kilometer (b) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-26 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)U 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 13.5 (-5 134 0 13.5 zJUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAM PLING PERIOD (b)52 48 44 40 36 32 28 24 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0- MEAN CATCH PER HAUL-El- NUMBER OF SPECIES 0-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0MEAN CATCH PER HAUL NUM BER OF SPECIES SAND SAND/PEATPEAT PEAT/MUD MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-5 Mean abundance and species richness by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b), and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-27 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)C-)I-(U~16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAM PLE PERIOD (b)6 5<4-3-S2-1-0 0-20 uaaan4Lý L2=ýý mmmz==ý21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)-J U)7 6 5 4 3-2 1 SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-6 Mean catch per haul of Atlantic menhaden by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b)and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-28 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST1-15 z U.LUz LU 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 7 6 5Z 4 3 , Ii , I1.0-- .. .; ,-2348 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)JULY 1-1523 48 73 98 123 14a 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 16-31 z C, wU 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 23 11 5 4 Q3 z 2U 23 4. 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)SEPEMBER 1-I5 ,_1, 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)JULY 16-31 0 6 U z LU 2 Ii U z LU 0 NONE TAKEN 0 23 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH(mm)23 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-7 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic menhaden taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-29 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 6 5., 4 C.-)z 3 I23 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 303 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 1-15 z 0 023 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 3113 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 16-NOVEMBER 15 U.z LI)0 NONE TAKEN23 48 73 98 123 148 173 198 223 248 273 3(13 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-7 Continued.

EEP09001 5-30 Baywide Finfish Monitoring 0 (a)LU 0-C-)H C.)24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCTI 15 OCT16-31 NOVI-15 SAMPLE PERIOD (b)U)0~C.)H C-)24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 21-40 0-20 41-60 61-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)-5 LU.0~z C.)H C-)16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0-SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-8 Mean catch per haul of bay anchovy by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b), and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide beach seine survey.EEP09001 5-31 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 70 60 50 z 40 w 30 20 10 0 AUGUST 1-15 5o 45 40 35 U 30 z S25 20 15 10 018 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 16-3118 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (nun)JULY 1-15 60>-(.1 z Uj 160 140 120 2- 100 z 80 CY a. 60 40 20 018 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (=)SEPEMBER I-15 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (im)JULY 16-3 1 24 120 22 20 100 Is 16 80 U 14 0 z z 12 60 10 8 40 6 4 20 0 01t8 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 18 28 78 48 59 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (nms) LENGTH (n Figure 5-9 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for bay anchovy taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

EEP09001 5-32 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMBER 1-15 120 100 80 z60 o2 40 20 018 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (fnn)OCTOBER 1-15 140 120 100 U 80 z s n 60 40 20 z 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 18' 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (mmn)18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (min)OCTOBER 16-31 140 130 120 110 100 90 U 8070 v 60 8.50 40 30 20 1018 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 LENGTH (=n)Figure 5-9 Continued.

EEP09001 5-33 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a). 100 U z , 80 60 40 20 P 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (=ra)JULY 1-15 0,o 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 8S 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (mm)AUGUST 16-31 120 100 80 60 40 20 I U 82 U 82 82 8.240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 4, 60 40 20 0li18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (nun)SEPEMBER 1-15 I 0 1 ., 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (rnm)JULY 16-31 350 300 250 200 z 82 150 82 100 50IX1 28 38 I 160 140 120-100 z z 80 60 40 20 I 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (rnn18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (nmn)Figure 5-141 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic silverside taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-35 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMBER 1-15 120 100 3-U 82 80 60 40 20 z-U 821 80 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 018 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 608 118 128 LENGTH (nmi)18 28 38 48 i8 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 1-15 3-U z 82 82 82 120 1 00 80 60 40 20 0 0 3-U z 82 8218 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 108 118 128 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 16-31 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 18 28 38 48 58 68 78 88 98 1018 118 128 LENGTH (mnm)Figure 5-11 Continued.

EEP09001 5-36 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)0.6 0.5-J< 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 4-JUN 16-30 JUL I-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP I-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLING PERIOD (b)0.35 0.30-J 0.25<0.20 0.15 C-.)H 0.10 0.05 0.00 0-20 21-40 41-6061-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)0.35 0.30 ,.J 0.25 c 0.20 0.15 H 0.10 0.05 0.00 SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-12 Mean catch per haul of white perch by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-37 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST 1-15 0 3 01 2-,z 58 I78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (nil')JULY 1-15 U 81 U z 01 12458 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (nis)AUGUST 16-SEPTEMBER 15 2 NONE TAKEN o 4 .... ..........58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (mn)SEPEMBER 16-30 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (mm)JULY 16-31 U z 81.NONE TAKEN 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (mm)z 01 L a 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-13 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for white perch taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.

S EEP09001 5-38 Baywide Finfish Monitoring OCTOBER 1-15 5-1~)z L~2 82 8258 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (ann)OCTOBER 16-31 5-(.2 z 82 82 82 82 58 78 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 218 258 278 298 LENGTH (am)NOVEMBER 1- 15 4 2-U z 82 82 82 5878 98 118 138 158 178 198 218 238 258 278 298 LENGTH (am)Figure 5-13 Continued.

EEP09001 5-39 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)0.6 0~(-)I-U 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 JUJN16-30 JUL1-15 JUL 16-31 AUGI 1-1 AUG 16-31 SEPI 1-1 SEPI1630 OCT 115 OCT 1631 NOVI 1-1 SAMPLE PERIOD (b)0D UY 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 81-100 0-20 21-40 41-60 61-80 RIVER KILOMETER (c)0U U 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0/ // '1< /~. /SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-14Mean catch per haul of striped bass by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey..EEP09001 5-40 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST 1-15 U~z 11I28 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (nin)JULY 1-1528 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (=m)AUGUST 16-31 3 3 2 1 1 II z 82 82 82 8228 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (mm)SEPEMBER 1-15 I U 28 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (nun)JULY 16-3 1 4 2 z 8 2 01 U CyI I 0 28 78128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (mm)28 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-15 Length-frequency distribution by samplingperiod for striped bass taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-41 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMBER 1-15 2-0 z 82 I.82 82 2-7~2 z 82 m 82 II 28 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (nmi)OCTOBER 1-1528 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (nm)z28 78 128 178 228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 16-31 3 2-U'.I i .1 ........028 78 128 178228 278 328 378 428 478 528 578 LENGTH (rn)Figure 5-15 Continued.

EEP09001 5-42 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)0.6 0.5< 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCTI-15 OCT16-31 NOV 1-15 0.0 I-SAMPLING PERIOD (b)0.6 0.5< 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 20 21-40 41-60 61-80 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)0.35-3 0~(-3 H 0.30 0.25 0.20.-0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 SAND .SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/M UD MUDBEACH TYPE Figure 5-16 Mean catch per haul of bluefish by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-43 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST 1-15 5 4 U 3 8.U zy LL)I 04.'48 068 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (nim)JULY 1-15 4 3 L-z 82 0 4 3 U z 8248 68 88 1H8 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (=m)JULY 16-31 I ll-l.....,.)z 0 348 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 2118 228 LENGTH (nmn)AUGUST 16-3148 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 268 228 LENGTH (=m)SEPEMBER 1-15-..... 4 ... 1 .4.1 z C2 0 048 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (nun)48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-17 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for bluefish taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5 -44 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMBER 1-15 3 2-z 1c)4 01 7 6a 5Y NONE TAKEN...... ...048 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 2(18 228 LENGTH (nmm)OCTOBER 1-15 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mn)aI I 0 2 2.-U z 0.-~7*~*!*.......................

48 68 88 1018 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (rm)OCTOBER 16-31 48 68 88 108 128 148 168 188 208 228 LENGTH (mn)Figure 5-17 Continued.

EEP09001 5-45 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)t (-3 H (.)7 6 5 4 2 0//JUN 16-30) JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLING PERIOD (b)2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 YIIIXIIIýMM'1111111 61-80 81-100 0-20 21-40 41-60 RIVER KILOMETER (c)LU.U U-5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 SANDSAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUDBEACH TYPE Figure 5-18 Mean catch per haul of weakfish by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-46 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST 1-15 6 5 4 2-z 01 w3 04 I1 z 1 0 18 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (rnn)JULY 1-15 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (ni)AUGUST 16-31 66 60 54 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6 0 I 3-0 II 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IF 18 48 78 10)8 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (mnm)JULY 16-3118 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (nmml)SEPEMBER 1-15 At.13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 3 I 2 7-Cy)18 48 78108 138 168 198 '28 258 288 328 LENGTH (mn)0 18 48 78 188138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (=n)Figure 5-19 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for weakfish taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-47 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMER 1-KEN 3 1.2 z 82 D 18 18 I8 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (nun)OCTOBER 1-15 z 112 I NONE TAKEN 0 5 4 U 3 z 18 12 018 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (min)3 g i , III I 081848 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (nun)OCTOBER 16-31 18 0 18 48 78 108 138 168 198 228 258 288 328 LENGTH (nin)Figure 5-19 Continued.

EEP09001 5-48 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)LI)0.t F-C.)8 7-6 5 4 3 2 0-JUN 16-30 JUL 1- 15 JUL, 16-31 AUG I-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-15 SEP 16-30 OCTr 1- 15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLING PERIOD (b)U)0.12.)F-C.)5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 E60~S36J 0-20 21-4041-60 RIVER KILOMETER 61-80 81-100 (c)U)0.z C.)H C.)16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 PEAT SAND SAND/PEAT MUD PEAT/MUD BEACH TYPE Figure 5-20 Mean catch per haul of spot by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c), as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-49 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUST 1-15 0 L)Uýw 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4.In 12 10 16 14 3-U 7 64 64 64 82 8 6 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (nun)JULY 1-15 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (nmm)AUGUST 16-31 3-(.1 z 64 64 22 20 Is 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 I I ZD 3-30 27 24 21 18 l5 12 9 6 3.L I1 8 23 38.,.,, ,m. .N.,.,l .53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (rrm7)JULY 16-31 0 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 231 LENGTH (=rn)SEPEMBER 1-15 7-UY za 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 8 23 38 53 I LU 01 64 10 6 5 4 3 268 83 98 13 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (n6n)8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (rn)Figure 5-21 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for spot taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.0 EEP09001 5-50 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 NOVEMBER 1-15 4 3 z 2 822 023 38 53 68 83 "8 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (nmn)OCTOBER 1-158 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 16-31 U 0 8 23 38 33 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (mm)2 2-U 82 0 2 z 0 Z ua 1 , m, ,m 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 LENGTH (rm)Figure 5-21 Continued.

EEP09001 5-51 Baywide Finfish Monitoring (a)Uz 0U 2.0 1.51 f).U 05 0.0 JUN 16-30 JUL 1-15 JUL 16-31 AUG 1-15 AUG 16-31 SEP 1-1.5 SEP 16-30 OCT 1-15 OCT 16-31 NOV 1-15 SAMPLING PERIOD (b)2.0 C-)H 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0.0 80 0-20 21-40 41-60 81-100 RIVER KILOMETER (c)2.0.2 0~C-)H C-)1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -SAND SAND/PEAT PEAT PEAT/MUD MUDBEACH TYPE Figure 5-22 Mean catch per haul of Atlantic croaker by sampling period (a), river kilometer (b) and beach type (c) as observed during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-52 Baywide Finfish Monitoring JUNE 16-30 AUGUSTI-15 4 2'-1~)z w 0 6.3 2 7 6 5 6.4 0 0 8 23 38 53 6883 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (mm)JULY 1-15 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (ram)AUGUST16-31 2-z 01 LU2 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5-(,2 (Y w.3 I,1 I IL 43 158 173 188 203 0 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (rm)JULY 16-3 18 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 1 LENGTH (mn)SEPEMBER 1-15 7 6 5 14 z 6 I I 4 z= 3 Cy III I I1-1 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (mm)08 2338 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 LENGTH (nrm)Figure 5-23 Length-frequency distribution by sampling period for Atlantic croaker taken during the 2008 baywide seine survey.EEP09001 5-53 Baywide Finfish Monitoring SEPEMBER 16-30 2 U~z 0 4 3 2-z 2-39 36 33 30 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 NOVEMBER 1-1523 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (nmi)OCTOBER 1-15 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 2U3 LENGTH (nun),1 08 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 LENGTH (mm)OCTOBER 16-31 4 3 62 82 62 0 8 23 38 53 68 83 98 113 128 143 158 173 188 283 LENGTH (mm)Figure 5-23 Continued.

EEP09001 5-54 Baywide Finfish Monitoring Appendix 5-1. Region (rkm) and beach-type designations for the 40 beach seine stations.Region BeachStation #(rkm) Type 1 0-20 Sand 2 0-20 Sand 3 0-20 Sand 4 21 -40 Sand/Peat 5 21 -40 Sand/Peat 6 21-40 Mud 7 21-40 Peat 8 41-60 Sand 9 41-60 Sand 10 41-60 Peat 11 41-60 Sand 12 61-80 Sand/Peat 13 61-80 Sand/Peat 14 61-80 Peat 15 61-80 Sand 16 81 7 100 Sand 17 81 -100. Peat18 61 -80 Sand/Peat 19 61-80 Sand 20 61 -80 Sand/PeatRegion Beach Station #(rkm) Type 21 61 -80 Sand 22 41 -60 Sand/Peat 23 41-60 Peat 24 41-60 Peat 25 21-40 Mud 26 21-40 Sand 27 21-40 Sand 28 21 -40 Peat/Mud 29 0- 20 Sand 30 0 -20 Sand 31 0-20 Sand 32 0-20 Sand 33 21 -40 Peat 34 21-40 Peat/Mud 35 21-40 Sand/Peat 36 21 -40 Peat/Mud 37 21-40 Peat 38 41 -60 Sand/Peat 39 61-80 Peat 40 81 -100 Peat EEP09001 5-55 Baywide Finfish Monitoring CHAPTER 6: FISH LADDER MONITORING TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES 6-ii LIST OF FIGURES 6-iii INTRODUCTION 6-1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 6-2 RESULTS 6-5 DISCUSSION 6-7 LITERATURE CITED 6-11 EEP09001 6-i Fish Ladder Monitoring LIST OF TABLES Page Table 6-1 Characterization of the twelve fish ladder sites. 6-12 Table 6-2 Operations and Maintenance Log for the twelve fish ladder sites during 2008. 6-17 Table 6-3 Number of adult herring collected in fish ladder trap sampling at eleven of the twelve fish ladder sites in 2008, with number alive and (number dead). 6-19 Table 6-4 Range and peak periods of occurrence for alewife and blueback herring as observed in trap net sampling,.

with corresponding spill pool water temperatures

(°C), at the eleven fish ladder sites monitored in 2008. 6-25 Table 6-5 Number of spawning run adult herring counted passing in the eleven impoundments monitored in 2008. 6-26 Table 6-6 Summary of annual herring monitoring results at the twelve fish ladder sites during 1996-2008.

6-28 Table 6-7 Summary of species and numbers collected in adult passage monitoring at the seven Delaware fish ladder sites during 2008. 6-29 Table 6-8 Summary of species and numbers collected in adult passage monitoring at the four New Jersey fish ladder sites during 2008. 6-30 Table 6-9 Temporal sampling of spawning run herring at three fish ladders during 2001. 6-31 Table 6-10 Temporal sampling of spawning run herring at two fish ladders during 2008. 6-32 EEP09001 6-ii Fish Ladder Monitoring LIST OF FIGURES Figure 6-1 Figure 6-2 Figure 6-3 Figure 6-4 Figure 6-5 Figure 6-6 Figure 6-7 Figure 6-8 Figure 6-9 Figure 6-10 Figure 6-11 Figure 6-12 Figure 6-13 Figure 6-14 Figure 6-15 EEP09001 Page Map depicting the locations of the twelve PSEG fish ladders within the Delaware River estuary.

6-33 Noxontown Pond on the Appoquinimink Creek, in Odessa, DE. 6-34 Garrisons Lake on the Leipsic River, near Cheswold, DE showing fish ladder. 6-35 Silver Lake on the St Jones River, in Dover, DE. 6-36 Moores Lake on Isaacs Branch, a tributary to the St.Jones River, near Dover, DE. 6-37 McGinnis Pond on Hudson Branch, a tributary of the Murderkill River, near Frederica, DE. 6-38 Coursey Pond on the Murderkill River, near Frederica, DE. 6-39 McColley Pond on Brown's Branch, a tributary to the Murderkill River, near Milford, DE. 6-40 Silver Lake on the Mispillion River, in Milford, DE, showing the two fish ladders.

6-41 Cooper River Lake, an impoundment of the Cooper River, in Camden, NJ. 6-42 Newton Lake, an impoundment of Newton Creek, in Oaklyn, NJ. 6-43 Stewart Lake, an impoundment of the Woodbury Creek, in Woodbury, NJ. 6-44 Sunset Lake on the Cohansey River, in Bridgeton, NJ. 6-45 Generalized fish trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladders. 6-46Plan view of the Noxontown trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladder. 6-47 6-iii Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-16 Figure 6-17 Figure 6-18 Figure 6-19 Figure 6-20 Figure 6-21 Figure 6-22 Figure 6-23 Figure 6-24 Figure 6-25 Figure 6-26 Figure 6-27 Figure 6-28 Figure 6-29 Figure 6-30 Figure 6-31 Figure 6-32 Plan views of four fish traps used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladders. 6-48 Plan views of two fish traps used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladders. 6-49 Modified commercial fish trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the Cooper River Lake fish ladder. 6-50Fish diversion curtain at the Silver Lake (Dover) fish ladder. 6-51Fish diversion flume at the Moores Lake fish ladder. 6-52Water temperatures

('C) at Delaware Pond Spillpools duringJanuary 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. 6-53Water temperatures

('C) at New Jersey Pond Spillpools duringJanuary 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. 6-54 Cumulative precipitation at Dover, DE for 2008 with1922-2008 average from data collected by Del DOT. 6-55Hourly herring passage at Coursey. and McColley Ponds, April 24, 2008 (PSEG, 2008); Coursey and McColley Ponds, and Moores Lake, April 23-May 7, 2001 (PESG, 2001);

and Wagamons Pond, 1997-1998 (Jones,1999).

6-56 Observed annual herring passage at Noxontown Pond, 1996-2008.

6-57 Observed annual herring passage at Garrisons Lake, 1996-2008.

6-58 Observed annual herring passage at Silver Lake (Dover), 1996-2008.

6-59 Observed annual herring passage at Moores Lake, 1996-2008.

6-60 Observed annual herring passage at McGinnis Pond, 1996-2008.

6-61 Observed annual herring passage at Coursey Pond, 1996-2008.

6-62 Observed annual herring passage at McColley Pond, 1996-2008.

6-63 Observed annual herring passage at Silver Lake (Milford), 1996-2008.

6-64 EEP09001 6-iv Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-33 Figure 6-34 Figure 6-35 Figure 6-36 Observed annual herring passage at Cooper River Lake, 1996-2008.

Observed annual herring passage at Newton Pond, 1996-2008.Observed annual herring passage. at Stewart Lake, 1996-2008.Observed annual herring passage at Sunset Lake, 1996-2008.

6-65 6-66 6-67 6-68 EEP09001 6-v Fish Ladder Monitoring FISH LADDER MONITORING

6.1 INTRODUCTION

PSEG Nuclear LLC (PSEG), as a Special Condition of its NJPDES Permit (1995) (No.NJ0005622, Part IV-B/C Special Conditions, H.4), was required to construct and maintain five fish ladders on Delaware River estuary tributaries for spawning run restoration of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and the blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis), collectively known as river herring. Site evaluation studies conducted in 1994 and 1995 resulted in the initial selection of five impoundments for construction of fish ladders: Silver Lake, McGinnis Pond, McColley Pond, in Delaware and Cooper River Lake, and Sunset Lake in New Jersey.

Silver Lake in Dover, McGinnis Pond near Frederica, and McColley Pond near Milford drain to the DelawareBay (Figures 6-1, 6-4, 6-6, 6-8; Table 6-1). Construction of Alaska Steeppass fish ladders at these three locations was completed in 1996. Sunset Lake in Bridgeton, New Jersey (Figures 6-1, 6-13; Table 6-1); drains to the Delaware Bay. Construction of Alaska Steeppass fish ladder at Sunset Lake was completed in 1997. Cooper River Lake in Camden, New Jersey, drains into the Delaware River (Figures 6-1, 6-10; Table 6-1). Construction of an Alaska Steeppass fish ladder at this site was completed in 1998.Even though these five initial sites satisfied the 1995 permit requirements, PSEG, using PSEG funds escrowed to DNREC as a result of a settlement agreement, subsequently installed fish ladders at three additional sites in Delaware.

These sites are Coursey Pond, Garrisons Lake, and Moores Lake. Coursey Pond is near Frederica, Delaware and drains into Delaware Bay (Figures 6-1, 6-7; Table 6-1). Construction of the Alaska Steeppass fish ladder at Coursey Pond was completed in 1997. In early. 1999, Alaska Steeppass fish ladders were installed at Garrisons and Moores lakes near Dover and Cheswold, Delaware, respectively (Figures 6-1, 6-3, 6-5; Table 6-1); both of these impoundments drain to the Delaware Bay. In 2004 additional fish ladders were added in Noxontown Pond near Odessa and Silver Lake in Milford, Delaware and Newton and Stewart lakes south of Camden, NJ (Figure 6-1, 6-2, 6-9, 6-11, and 6-12 and Table 6-1).Components of PSEG's Improved Biological Monitoring Work Plan (IBMWP) require monitoring for adult and juvenile river herring use of the sites. Study objectives are to: 1)quantify the adult river herring use of the fish ladders and 2) to document year-class.

development by sampling for juveniles in the impoundments.

To avoid impacting the reproductive success of migrating herring, monitoring of adult passage has been discontinued at sites where the target of 5 adult herring per impoundment acre was achieved by' passage alone.A supplemental stocking program was initiated in the spring 1998 to provide a target number of at least five spawning run adult fish per impoundment surface area. This stocking element is dependent on the availability of adult river herring and is conducted to augment the remnant herring runs at selected sites.by promoting optimal adult spawning activity within these targeted impoundments, which should accelerate the rate of increase in spawning run size in subsequent years. The stocking program should yield additional juvenile production, which after a four-year maturation period at sea, would result in a greater number of adult herring returning to that fish ladder site in subsequent years. No stocking occurred during 2005 through 2007 due to the*limited availability of adult herring for trap and transfer.EEP08001 6-1 Fish Ladder Monitoring In 2008 sampling of adult passage was conducted at Moores Lake, Coursey Pond, and McColley Pond. These three fish ladders have consistently passed adult herring.

In 2008 sampling was not conducted at McGinnis Pond thus allowing the spawning run fish to freely enter the pond without holding in the fish traps or being pilfered from the traps wouldallow more spawning activity in the ponds.Monthly electroshocking was not performed during 2008 as production has been documented in all twelve impoundments.

6.2 MATERIALS

AND METHODS SPILLPOOL MONITORING Spillpool temperatures were monitored three days per week starting February 15, 2008 in advance of opening the fish ladders. This monitoring was conducted to ensure that when the temperature reached 7.0 'C that the fish ladders were opened and that at 8.0 °C the monitoring of the fish ladder passage commenced.

ADULT PASSAGE SAMPLING Spawning of river herring in the tributaries to Delaware Bay and the lower River is reported tooccur at water temperature ranges of 12.0-22.5°C for alewife and 15.0-24.0°C for blueback herring, (Smith, 1971; Wang and Kernehan, 1979). Jones (1999) reported alewives arriving at Wagamons at 9-1 1°C and blueback herring arriving at 13-20'C. Delaware fish ladders were opened on March 1. New Jersey fish ladders were opened on March 2. Adult passage sampling is scheduled to begin when water temperature in the spill pool reaches 8°C. In 2008, traps wereset at Noxontown, Garrisons Lake, and Silver Lake (Dover) fish ladder sites on March 26. The traps were set at Moores Lake, Courseys Pond, and McColley Pond.

Sunset Lake and Stewart Lake sampling commenced on March 31 when water temperatures reached and remained at or above 8°C. Sampling at Cooper River Lake and Newton Pond commenced on April 20.Sampling at Silver Lake (Milford) began on April 22. During 2008, no adult sampling was conducted at McGinnis Pond in accordance with the IBMWP. Table 6-2 describes the fish ladder operation and maintenance activities for the twelve sites.Although the study design required sampling at each site for a minimum of five days per week with a minimum of four hours of sampling per pond per day, sampling since 2002 has been continuous (24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />) at most sites. This was achieved by leaving the exit trap in place and visiting each site one or more times each day to enumerate catch and release the herring into the impoundment.

The six Delaware traps were modified in 2001 to minimize holding mortality by limiting confining areas within each trap and incorporating K-less knotless netting (Figures 6-14 through 6-17). The stronger knotted mesh is replacing the K-less knotless netting as traps are being repaired.

The additional two traps added in Delaware are similarly constructed.

A EEP08001 6-2 Fish Ladder Monitoring W modified commercial trap net was employed at the upper end of the fish ladder extending into the lake (Figure 6-18).Adult herring use of the fish ladders was monitored with a fish trap placed at the exit (upper end)of the fish ladder (Figures 6-14 through 6-17). The fish trap was secured to the trash bars at the exit of the fish ladder and positioned so that it extended into the pond.

While no sampling wasperformed during 2008, at Coursey Pond and McColley Pond, during previous years a reducer was placed at the outlet of the fish ladder to standardize the exit opening and the fish trap was attached to the reducer. At Silver Lake, a fish diversion curtain constructed of weighted, clear vinyl strips, was suspended across the lower end of the spill pool at the start of the spawning run to guide adult herring to the entrance of the fish ladder (Figure 6-19). At Moores Lake a temporary aluminum fish diversion flume was employed to direct fish to the entrance of the fish ladder (Figure 6-20).The adult passage sampling sequence commenced when the fish trap was secured to the face of the fish ladder. Upon subsequent arrival at the site, the fish trap was checked for fish.

Any catch was identified to species, enumerated, and the herring released into the pond; other species taken (e.g., gizzard shad, white perch) were released back to the spill pool.

Next, the spill pool and tail water areas below the dam were observed for the presence of adult herring and any indication of spawning activity; polarized glasses were used to facilitate these observations. Cast netting and/or dip netting was occasionally employed to confirm observations and species identification; this activity was limited to minimize disturbance to the adult herring.S Additionally, impoundment and spill pool water quality parameters were measured at a minimum of once per day. Water temperature, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen were measured using a Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) Model 85;. an Oaklon Model pHTestr 2 was used to measure pH; both instruments were calibrated daily to ensure accuracy.

Waterclarity was measured with a standard.

20 cm (8-in) secchi disk. Meteorological conditions (e.g., sky conditions, weather) were also noted.Hourly temperature monitoring was initiated at some sites using "TidbiT" temperature loggers.Loggers were used in each of the spillpools and placed to minimize disturbance by the public.Sampling at all sites was discontinued on June 11 th, at which time water temperatures exceeded 26°C (Figures 6-21 and 6-22) and no herring had been observed for a period of one week.STOCKING A goal of establishing at least five adult river herring per surface acre of impoundment, through the adult passage or by the stocking program, was based on recommendations from researchers in New England and Canada. Target stocking numbers were as follows: 0 EEP08001 6-3Fish Ladder Monitoring Target number of Impoundment Acreage herring @ 5/acre Noxontown Pond 162 810 Garrisons Lake 86 430Silver Lake (Dover) 171 855 Moores Lake 27 135 McGinnis Pond 31 155 Coursey Pond 58 290 McColley Pond 49 245 Silver Lake (Milford) 27 135 Cooper River Lake 190 950 Newton Lake 41 205Stewart Lake 38 190 Sunset Lake 94 470 The supplemental stocking is dependent on the availability of adult river herring in the spillpool of impoundments with installed fish ladders or from other nearby sources.

Adult herring are not trapped in the spillpools when low numbers are present. Adult herring are typically taken from local tributaries and spillpools using cast nets. Fish are transferred from the point of capture to the release site in a specially outfitted transport tank. Only vigorous adults are counted as stocked; the few fish that loose equilibrium are stocked but not counted. For the eight Delaware sites, an effort is made to utilize adults from the site-specific spill pool.

Adult herring for supplemental stocking in the New Jersey impoundments were originally trapped at the Union Lake dam on the Maurice River; however, the NJDEP Bureau of Fresh Water Fisheries stipulated in 2004, that fish to be stocked should be obtained from the spillpools immediatelybelow the water control structures of the targeted impoundment.

That condition removed Union Lake as a source for spawning run herring to stock.Due to the low numbers of river herring present in the impoundment spillpools during 2008, no fish were trapped and transferred JUVENILE SAMPLING Juvenile monitoring is no longer performed as production has been documented in all twelve impoundments.Historically, monthly electroshocker sampling during September through November was used to assess juvenile river herring occurrence at each of the twelve impoundments.

The primary goal of this sampling was to provide evidence of successful post-larval herring development. A Smith-Root Model 2.5-GPP portable electro-fisher unit with two UAA-4 umbrella anode arrays EEP08001 6-4 Fish Ladder Monitoring was used for electroshocking.

The electroshocker unit was operated in pulsed DC at 120 pulses per second and typically at 6-8 amps. The standard sampling duration was 1200 sec (20 min) of electroshocker operation at each impoundment.

Effort was directed to the open water of the impoundments where experience has shown the highest probability of encountering juvenile herring. Fish are counted each time the foot switch is pressed. The count of small numbers of fish is exact. Estimates of larger numbers of fish are made in 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 fish increments.

When herring were encountered in considerable numbers, electroshocking was briefly interrupted to limit the stress on the fish.With each collection, a subsample of specimens of each herring species was measured for forklength, to the nearest millimeter.

Several specimens of each species from each impoundment were retained for QA/QC of the speciation.

6.3 RESULTS

SPILLPOOL MONITORING Spillpools were observed and spillpool temperatures were monitored manually. Spillpool temperatures were also collected using a "TidbiT" temperature logger at some spillpools.

Representative water temperature data for Delaware and New Jersey pond spillpools is presented in Figures 6-21 and 6-22.ADULT PASSAGE MONITORING AND STOCKING Adult passage monitoring during 2008 spanned the period March 26th to June 11 th, during which time a total of 17,986.61 hours7.060185e-4 days <br />0.0169 hours <br />1.008598e-4 weeks <br />2.32105e-5 months <br /> of fish ladder trap net sampling was conducted.

Thefollowing table lists the sampling hours specific to each site:

Fish Ladder Site Hours Sampled Noxontown Pond 1846.17 Garrisons Lake 1751.92 Silver Lake (Dover) 1845.08 Moores Lake 1703.67McGinnis Pond 0 Coursey Pond 1823.92 MeColley Pond 1840.50 Silver Lake (Milford) 1155.75Cooper River Lake 1728.32 Newton Lake 740.10Stewart Lake 1774.63 Sunset Lake 1776.55 Total 17,986.61 EEP08001 6-5 Fish Ladder Monitoring The daily catches of adult herring at each of the eight fish ladder sites monitored during 2007 are listed in Table 6-3. The range and peak periods of occurrence of each herring species, along with corresponding spill pool water temperatures at each site are described in Table 6-4. The number of pre-spawn herring passed into each of the impoundments is presented in Table 6-5.The following briefly summarizes the trap net catch and stocking effort at each site:* Trap net sampling at Noxontown Pond yielded no alewife and one live blueback herring.The blueback herring was taken on April 11. 2008. Trap tampering was very common.No alewife or blueback herring were stocked into Noxontown Pond from the spillpool." Trap net sampling at Garrisons Lake yielded no alewife and no blueback herring. Trap tampering was very common with numerous people dipping fish out of the trap. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked into Garrisons Lake from the spillpool." Trap net sampling at Silver Lake (Dover) yielded one live alewife and seven live and one dead blueback herring. The alewife was taken on April 3, 2008. The blueback herring were taken April 14 through April 25. Trap tampering was also common with several people trying to fowl hook fish from the trap. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

• Trap net sampling at Moores Lake yielded four alewife and 635 live and 14 dead blueback herring. The alewife were taken from April 3, 2008 to April 22, 2008. The blueback herring were taken April 7 through June 2, 2008. Trap tampering and vandalism was common. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

• No trap net sampling was conducted at McGinnis Pond. No alewife or blueback herringwere stocked from the spillpool.

• Trap net sampling at Courseys Pond yielded 39 live and 2 dead alewife and 1,057 liveand 49 dead blueback herring. The alewife were taken from March 28, 2008 to April 16, 2008. The blueback herring were taken April 7 through May 30, 2008. Trap tampering and vandalism was common. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool." Trap net sampling at McColley Pond yielded one live alewife and 651 live and 30 dead blueback herring. The alewife was, taken on April 24, the blueback herring were taken from April 7 through May 30, 2008. Trap tampering and vandalism was common. Noalewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

• Trap net sampling at Silver Lake (Milford) yielded no alewife and no blueback herring.Trap tampering and vandalism was common. Trap tampering and vandalism was common. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

EEP08001 6-6 Fish Ladder Monitoring

" Trap net sampling at Cooper River Lake yielded one live alewife and one dead blueback herring. The alewife was taken on April 21 and the blueback herring was taken on May 18, 2008. No herring were obtained from the spillpool for stocking into the lake.* Trap net sampling at Newton Lake yielded no alewife and 3 blueback herring. The blueback herring were taken April 25. Occasional tampering with the trap was observed.Debris in the net was very common. No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

• Trap net sampling at Stewart Lake yielded two live alewife and I dead blueback herring.The alewife were taken from April 2 and April 8, 2008. The blueback was taken on May 8, 2008. Debris in the trash bars was a common occurrence.

No alewife or blueback herring were stocked from the spillpool.

• Sampling at Sunset Lake yielded 134 live and 2 dead alewife and 34 live blueback herring. The alewife were taken March 30 through May 1, 2008. The blueback herring were taken from April 22 through May 31, 2008. Trap tampering was common individuals collecting herring for bait or other fish for food. Seining in the second spillpool yielded no herring for stocking into Sunset Lake.No trap net sampling was conducted in 2008 at the McGinnis Pond fish ladder. Physical chemistries were collected and the ladders were checked and cleaned on the days when sampling occurred at other PSEG fish ladder sites.JUVENILE SAMPLING No juvenile sampling was conducted in 2008.6.4 DISCUSSION ADULT USE OF THE FISH LADDERS In 2008, adult river herring migrated into freshwater to spawn in the creeks, spillpools, and ponds beginning in early March continuing through early June. As expected, the adult herring movement appeared to be associated with rising creek water temperature and sunny days. As evidenced in Table 6-4 the occurrence of adult herring at the fish ladder sites generally coincides with reported spawning temperatures of between 12.0-22.5°C for alewife (Wang and Kernehan, 1979) and 15.0-24.0'C for blueback herring (Smith, 1971). However, in sampling since 1996 pre-spawning blueback herring were observed at temperatures as high as 26.7'C. Most herring movement was observed during the middle part of the day, on sunny days, with warming temperatures, which is consistent with observations by Leim and Scott (1966). Very little herring movement was observed on overcast days or at night. A summary of monitoring results at each of the fish ladder sites over the period of study (1996-2008) is presented in Table 6-6 and Figures 6-25 through 6-31. A summary of all of the species utilizing the fish ladders is presented in Tables 6-7 and 6-8.EEP08001 6-7 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Short duration sampling was conducted in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2008 to determine the temporal distribution of herring passage through the fish ladders. Results from sampling, ondays when few or no herring moved through the ladder, were removed. A lack of 2002, 2003, and 2004 data is due to very few herring utilizing the ladder during the days when short duration sampling was conducted. Hourly sampling in 2008 at Coursey and McColley Ponds wasproductive. The resulting distribution shown in Table 6-9 is similar to the results found by Jones(1999) at Wagamons Pond. Herring generally began to move up the fish ladder about 09:00 hours and continued to use the ladder through approximately 21:00 hours.Noxontown Pond The Noxontown Pond fish ladder, installed early in 2004 appears to be functioning properly.

The pond has a heavy algae and organic debris load which fouls the net. One live blueback herring was taken in the trap in 1846 hours0.0214 days <br />0.513 hours <br />0.00305 weeks <br />7.02403e-4 months <br /> of sampling in 2008. The bridge where the water control structure and ladder are located is a favorite fishing spot and the ladder and trap are very easily accessible and are often subject to pilfering and occasional vandalism.

Garrisons Lake The Garrisons Lake fish ladder, installed early in 1999 appears to be functioning properly.

The trap at Garrisons Lake also suffers from a high debris loading of vegetation and trash which requires daily cleaning to ensure that the flow through the ladder is sufficient to pass herring.The State of Delaware dredging operations near the spillway have ended. No herring were collected was passing during 1752 hours0.0203 days <br />0.487 hours <br />0.0029 weeks <br />6.66636e-4 months <br /> of sampling in 2008.Silver Lake (Dover)Entrance modifications initiated in 1996 appear to have directed the flow from the ladder into thestream channel. The fish diversion curtain also appears to be effective, as the number of herring passed through the ladder has increased since its use began in 1998 (Table 6-6). The 9 adult herring counted passing the fish ladder yields 1.0% of the target goal of 855. In the 2001, 2002,and 2003, sampling seasons, stocked fish were released in mid-pond, west of the causeway, in an effort to provide immediate access to spawning habitat (Figure 6-4). In 2006 through 2008 no herring were stocked into Silver Lake in Dover.Moores Lake The fish ladder at Moores Lake, installed in 1999, appears to be functioning properly.

A wooden weir at the exit of the spill pool apron renders the fish ladder inaccessible at the lower portions of the tide. Substantial spawning was observed in 1999 and 2000 throughout the spill pool area.

In 2001 a temporary concrete diversion flume was installed by PSEG on the dam apron to guide the spawning run fish from the gap in the wooden weir to the entrance of the fish ladder.

In 2002 the concrete diversion flume was replaced by a temporary aluminum flume. The flumes appear to have been successful passing 690, 682, 652, 697 herring in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004 as compared to 95 and 78 in 1999 and 2000 (Table 6-6). No Adult Sampling was conducted at EEP08001 6-8 Fish Ladder Monitoring Moores Lake in 2005 through 2007. Sampling in 2008 yielded 653 herring. The dam where thewater control structure and ladder are located is a favorite fishing spot and the ladder is easily accessible and is subject to occasional vandalism.

McGinnis Pond Velocities within the structure and the entrance configuration allowed some fish to pass in 1996 and 1997. In early 1998, modifications were made to the fish ladder to lower velocities.

While no herring passed earlier in that season, after the modifications to the ladder, 25 adult blueback herring were observed exiting the fish ladder. Permanent modifications to this fish ladder were completed in early 1999. No adult sampling was conducted in 2006 and 2007. The situation ofherring not being able to reach the McGinnis spillpool has been addressed by annual streamcleaning which was conducted again in 2008 to remove woody debris that routinely blocks anddiverts the stream. In 2006 through 2008, spawning run herring were seldom observed in the spillpool and the stream below McGinnis Pond which is similar to 2003 and 2004, a marked contrast to many of the previous years. In 2008 no adult sampling was conducted, however,during the collection of water quality data and cleaning of the fish ladder large numbers of blueback herring were occasionally observed in the spillpool.

Coursey Pond River herring approaching the Coursey Pond fish ladder appeared to follow the bridge abutment to the entrance of the fish ladder. If they did not encounter the fish ladder or chose not to use it they moved in a counter clockwise direction around the spillpool. Herring appeared to have the opportunity to pass the fish ladder entrance each time they circled. Some herring were observed spawning among the rocks (rip rap) in the spillpool.

Sampling collected 39 alewife and 1,057 blueback herring in 1824 hours0.0211 days <br />0.507 hours <br />0.00302 weeks <br />6.94032e-4 months <br /> of sampling for 377.93% of the target goal of 290.McColley PondAppropriate velocities continue within the structure and the entrance was accessible to fish throughout the tidal cycle. River herring approaching the McColley Pond fish ladder appeared to follow the bridge abutment to the entrance of the fish ladder. If they did not encounter the fish ladder or chose not to use it they moved in a counter clockwise direction around the spillpool.Herring appeared to have the opportunity to pass the fish ladder entrance each time they circled.Sampling collected one alewife and 651 blueback herring in 1841 hours0.0213 days <br />0.511 hours <br />0.00304 weeks <br />7.005005e-4 months <br /> of sampling for 266.12% of the target goal of 245.Silver Lake (Milford)The Silver Lake (Milford) fish ladders, installed early in 2004 appear to be functioning properly.The lower ladder in a small concrete dam is generally inaccessible by the public during the herring season. Debris obstructing this ladder was common and required routine removal. Theupper ladder and trap are easily accessible and are subject to continual vandalism with the trap EEP08001 6-9 Fish Ladder Monitoring damaged on several occasions.

Pilfering from the trap is common. No herring were collected in 1156 hours0.0134 days <br />0.321 hours <br />0.00191 weeks <br />4.39858e-4 months <br /> of sampling.Cooper River Lake The fish ladder was installed in 1998. In 1728 hours0.02 days <br />0.48 hours <br />0.00286 weeks <br />6.57504e-4 months <br /> of trap sampling one adult alewife and no adult blueback herring were taken at the Cooper River Lake fish ladder in 2008. At higher tidalelevations, spawning run herring are able and known to pass through the water control structure tide gates. The trap was damaged on one occasion when lines were cut.

Stocking of fish into Cooper River Lake was limited by NJDEP's request that fish stocked into a pond come only from the stream and spillpool below the impoundment and that fish should not be moved in from another stream. No adult herring were able to be collected from below the water control structure for stocking into the impoundment.

Newton Lake The Newton Lake fish ladder, installed late spring in 2004, appears to be functioning properly.The fish ladder is located in a generally inaccessible area beneath the roadway. High tides andflows limited access to allow for net planning and deployment.

Sampling in 2007 and 2008 utilized a net similar to the Cooper River net to allow accessibility at high tide and to limit the accessibility to the public. Three blueback herring were taken in 740 hours0.00856 days <br />0.206 hours <br />0.00122 weeks <br />2.8157e-4 months <br /> of sampling.Newton Lake has a heavy debris load which routinely obstructed and occasionally destroyed the net. A small amount of tampering with the net was observed.Stewart Lake The Stewart Lake fish ladder, installed late spring in 2004, appears to be functioning properly.The ladder and trap are easily accessible to the public. Large heavy debris in the form of tree limbs, firewood and heavy wooden dunnage left in the pond and under the bridge routinely plugged the entrance to the fish ladder. In 2008 during 1775 hours0.0205 days <br />0.493 hours <br />0.00293 weeks <br />6.753875e-4 months <br /> of sampling 2 live alewiveswere taken. A small amount of tampering with the trap was observed.Sunset Lake Engineering changes were initiated in 1998 to reduce fish ladder velocities.

Permanent engineering changes were completed for the 1999 spawning season. The lower end of the fish ladder is now 18 to 24 inches above the bottom due to erosion of the sediment due to flows from the fish ladder and the bypass flow. The thirty-four blueback herring and 134 alewife that were counted passing through the fish ladder during 1777 hours0.0206 days <br />0.494 hours <br />0.00294 weeks <br />6.761485e-4 months <br /> of sampling during 2008. Some pilferage from the trap was observed and reported. The trap was commonly found tipped up in acondition where herring could bypass the trap and enter the pond uncounted.

EEP08001 6-10 Fish Ladder Monitoring

6.5 LITERATURE

CITED Jones, W.J. 1999. Establishment of River Herrings in a southern Delaware Impoundment:

evaluation of fish passage and predation.

Master's Thesis, University of Maryland Eastern Shore. 181p.Leim, A.H. and W.B. Scott. 1966. Fishes of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Fish. Res. Bd.Canada Bull. 155:88-90.

Smith, B.A. 1971. The fishes of four low-salinity tidal tributaries of the Delaware River estuary. Master's thesis. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.Wang, J.C.S.

and R.J. Kernehan.

1979. Fishes of the Delaware estuaries:

a guide to early life histories.

Ecological Analysts.

Towson, MD.EEP08001 6-11 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-1. Characterization of the twelve fish ladders sites.Noxontown Pond Garrisons Lake (Dover)(Dover)Size (acres) 162 86 171 Length (miles) 1.99 0.76 1.71 Perimeter (miles) 7.03 2.19 4.52 Maximum Depth (feet) 8.0 4.0 9.0 Mean Depth (feet) 4.0 1.3 4.0 Appoquinimink River, Leipsic River, drains into Saint Jones River, drains Receiving Waters drains to the Delaware the Delaware Bay into DelawareBay Bay Distance from Delaware 9.65 12.57 13.33 Bay (miles)Impoundment Watershed 6,110 10,752 20,480 Size (acres)The main stem of the Willis Branch, Leipsic Forked Branch Tributaries of the impounded creek flows Pom assey's Mill McKee Run and an Impoundment from Wiggins Pond unnamed branches unnamed branch Combined Tributary 7.93 8.03 29.25 Length (miles)Shoreline Natural, bulkhead, Natural, wooded Natural, bulkhead, small Shoreline wooded, and turf beachBottom Types Sand and mud Mud Sand and mud Surrounding Land Use Residential, forested and Residential, forested and Urban and agricultural farm lands farm lands Predominant Vegetation Spatterdock Spatterdock Swamp Loosestrife, Water Willow, and Spatterdock Water Quality Eutrophic, tannins Eutrophic, tannins Eutrophic, tannins St Andrew's had the pond DNREC dredging Notes sprayed with herbicide occurred in 2006 and starting about mid April occasionally in 2007 2007.EEP08001 6-12 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-1. Continued.

Moores Lake McGinnis Pond Coursey Pond Size (acres) 27 31 58Length (miles) 0.76 0.76 0.72 Perimeter (miles) 1.87 2.16 2.48 Maximum Depth (feet) 5.0 9.0 4.0 Mean Depth (feet) 2.6 4.4 2.0 Hudson Branch, drains Isaac Branch drains into into Spring Creek, drains Murderkill River, drains Receiving waters Saint Jones River, drains into the Murderkill River, into the Delaware Bay into Delaware Bay drains into the Delaware Bay Distance from Delaware 11.30 11.66 12.06 Bay (miles)Impoundment Watershed 11,776 7,040 14,579 Size (acres)Tributaries of the Drainage from Wyoming Hudson Branch and Murderkill River from Impoundment Lake two unnamed branches Killen Pond and Spring Branch Combined Tributary 1.52 2.75 11.81 Length (miles)Shoreline Natural, bulkhead, small Natural, heavily wooded Natural, heavily wooded beach Bottom Types Sand and mud Sand and Mud Sand and Mud Rural, forested and farm Rural, forested and farm Surrounding Land Use Urban and agricultural lands lands Swamp Loosestrife and Swamp Loosestrife, Predominant Vegetation Spatterdock Spatterdock Elodea, and Spatterdock,Lyngbya (algae)

Water Quality Eutrophic, tannins Eutrophic, tannins Eutrophic, tannins Notes EEP08001 6-13Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-1. Continued.

0 Silver Lake McColley Pond (Milford)Size (acres) 49 27Length (miles) 1.14 0.49 Perimeter (miles) 3.34 1.56 Maximum Depth (feet) 6.0 10.0 Mean Depth (feet) 2.9 4.2Brown's Branch, drains into the Murderkill River, Mispillion River, drains Receiving Waters drains into the Delaware into the Delaware Bay Bay Distance from Delaware 11.68 12.80 Bay (miles)Impoundment Watershed 6,080 17,326 Size (acres)Tributaries of the Browns Branch and an Mispillion River from Impoundment unnamed branch Haven Lake Combined Tributary 21.15 34.56 Length (miles)Shoreline Natural, heavily wooded Natural, bulkhead, riprap, turf. and wooded Bottom Types Sand and Mud Sand and Mud Surrounding Land Use Rural, forested and farm Urban and residential lands Predominant Vegetation Swamp Loosestrife and Spatterdock Spatterdock Water Quality Eutrophic, tannins Eutrophic, tannins Notes 0 EEP08001 6-14 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Table 6-1. Continued.

Cooper River Lake Newton Lake Stewart Lake Size (acres) 190 41 38Length (miles) 4.53 2.87 (two branches) 1.17 (two branches)Perimeter (miles) 9.57 6.03 4.39 Maximum Depth (feet) 10.0 5.0 6.5 Mean Depth (feet) 3.5 1.8 4.8 Cooper River, drains into Newton Creek drains into Woodbury Creek drains the Delaware River the Delaware River into the Delaware River Distance from Delaware By(ie)2.95 2.31 3.4 Bay (miles)Impoundment Watershed 23,680 2,332 2,897 Size (acres)No tributaries within the Impoundment lake, Wallworth Lake and Newton Creek and Peter Hester's Branch andEvans Pond drain into Creek Woodbury CreekCooper River Lake Combined Tributary 8.94 1.91 4.23Length (miles)

Shoreline Urban and parkland Urban and parkland Urban and parklandBottom Types Mud, sand, and rubble Mud Mud and sand Surrounding Urban and parkland Urban, parkland, and Urban, parkland, and Land Use residential residential Predominant Vegetation Spatterdock Spatterdock Spatterdock Water Quality Eutrophic Eutrophic Eutrophic Several sewage plant spills into Newton Lake Notes were reported to have occurred in the summer of 2007 with locals reporting fish kills.EEP08001 6-15 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-1. Continued.

Sunset Lake Size (acres) 94 Length (miles) 0.67 Perimeter (miles) 2.10 Maximum Depth (feet) 9.0 Mean Depth (feet) 3.5 Receiving waters Cohansey River, drains into the Delaware Bay Distance from Delaware 20.38 Bay (miles)Impoundment Watershed 29,248 Size (acres)A spring fed Tributaries of the tb ry fr y Impoudmenttributary from Mary Impoundment Elmer Lake and the Cohansey RiverCombined Tributary 34.15 Length (miles)Shoreline Natural, wooded, some bulkhead and hard shore, small beaches Sand and mud stumps in upper reaches Surrounding Parkland and residential Land Use Predominant Vegetation Spatterdock Water Quality Eutrophic, tannins Notes EEPO8001 6-16 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-2. Operations and Maintenance Log for the twelve fish ladder sites during 2008.Date Action 1/15/2008 Delaware juvenile bypasses closed, ladders inspected2/15/2008 Spillpool monitoring started and ladders inspected2/22/2008 Cooper River Lake trash removal 2/26/2008 Trash removed from Noxontown and Garrisons Lake ladders 3/1/2008 IDelaware and New Jersey Fish ladders inspected and opened 3/26/2008 INoxontown, Garrisons, and Silver Lake (Dover) traps installed 3/27/2008 IMoores, Coursey, and McColley traps installed 3/27/2008 Stewart Lake trap installed 3/28/2008 ISunset Lake trap installed 3/31/2008 ICooper River Lake trap installed 4/3/2008 INewton Net fabrication 4/4/2008 IAttempt to install Newton Net4/8/2008 Newton Pond Trap installed 4/9/2008 Silver Lake (Dover) curtain installed 4/10/2008 Debris removed from lower Silver Lake (Milford) ladder4/22/2008 Silver Lake (Milford) trap installed 4/23/2008 Silver Lake (Milford) trap adjustment and Debris removed from lower ladder 4/30/2008 Silver Lake (Milford) trap adjustment and remove debris5/12/2008 Newton trap damaged by a storm and out of service 5/21/2008 IRepair Newton trap 5/23/2008 IRepair Newton trap 5/27/2008 INewton trap returned to service 6/10/2008

_Stewart Lake ladder closed 6/11/2008 Noxontown, Garrisons, Silver Lake (Dover), Moores Lake, Coursey,_McColley, and Silver Lake (Milford) ladders closed 6/11/2008

_Cooper River, Newton, and Sunset Lake ladders closed 6/25/2008 INewton and Cooper traps removed and ladders inspected 7/16/2008 IRemoved Fish Curtain from Silver Lake (Dover)7/17/2008 IRemoved disconnected trap from Garrisons Lake 7/23/2008 Removed disconnected trap from Silver Lake Milford 8/8/2008 _Large log removed from Cooper River Lake ladder 9/11/2008

_Upper four Delaware ladders inspected 9/17/2008 INew Jersey ladders inspected 9/24/2008 ILower four Delaware ladders inspected 10/6/2008 Debris removed from Silver Lake (Dover) ladder 11/13/2008 New Jersey Fish ladders inspected 11/28/2008 Delaware Fish ladders inspected, low and no flow conditions 12/4/2008 Delaware Fish ladders inspected, low and no flow conditions EEP08001 6-17Fish Ladder Monitoring 12/11/2008 Silver Lake (Dover) and Moores Lake juvenile bypass opened low water at other ponds 12/12/2008 Noxontown, Garrisons Lake, and McGinnis juvenile bypass opened 12/12/2008 Coursey and McColleyjuvenile bypass opened. Only two logs below the surface were removed due to low flows.12/17/2008 Silver Lake (Milford) juvenile bypass opened 12/24/2008 -Delaware juvenile bypasses closed, ladders inspected, all but Coursey had low flows at closure.Note The Delaware and New Jersey fish ladders and bypass facilities (closed for the season) are checked occasionally over the winter.Note Cooper River Lake fish ladder will be inspected weekly throughout the year as part of the Camden County Parks inspection of the water control structure.

EEP08001 6-18 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Number of adult herring collected in fish ladder trap sampling at eleven of the twelve fish ladder sites in 2008 with number alive and (number dead).Silver Silver Noxontown Garrisons Lake Moores McGinnis Coursey McColley Lake Pond Lake Lake Pond Pond Pond Lake (Dover) (Milf rd)Date A: TQ T 3/26/2008-4 f +3/27/2008+ F 4 4 4-4 F-t 3/28/2008 3/29/2008+ F I 1 1-1 Ft 3/30/2008 3/31/2008+ F 4 4 4-1 F-F 4/1/2008 4/2/2008 4/3/2008 4/4/2008 4/5/2008 4/6/2008 4/7/2008 2 4 4/8/2008 4/9/2008 1 4/10/2008 4/11/2008 1 4/12/2008 1 4/13/2008 4/14/2008 1 2 4/15/2008 2 (4)4/16/2008 4 4/17/2008 (1)4/18/2008 1 4/19/2008 4/20/2008 1 (1) 8 (1)4/21/2008 108 4/22/2008 1 50 4/23/2008 1 10 4/24/2008 3 4 4/25/2008 1 39 4/26/2008 4/27/2008 58(6)4/28/2008 1 1 73 4/29/2008 1 1 15 No Sampling 6 11 2 11.3 4 1 (2) 1 (1)4 6 2 1 (2) 4 23(2) 38 1 16 5 3 3 14 198 11(1)163 49 29(12) 33(2)10 12(2)178 1 219 44 63 67(17) 74(11)48(7) 43(5)6 8 4/30/2008 2 EEP08001 6-19 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Continued.

Silver Silver Noxontown Garrisons lve Moores McGinnis Coursey McColley Lake Pond Lake Lake Lake Pond Pond Pond Lake (Dover) (Mil- rd)=. ..=. ft -ft .=. f .ft M f- ft ft Date T 5/1/2008 I 36 5/2/2008 4 5/3/2008 10 5/4/2008 5/5/2008 70 5/6/2008 62 5/7/2008 5/8/2008 11 5/9/2008 22 (1]5/10/2008 5/11/2008 8 5/12/2008 5/13/2008 5/14/2008 6 5/15/2008 11 5/16/2008 5/17/2008 4 5/18/2008 5/19/2008 6 5/20/2008 2 5/21/2008 5/22/2008 2 5/23/2008 5/24/2008 5/25/2008 2.5/26/2008 5/27/2008 6 5/28/2008 23 5/29/2008 3 5/30/2008 5/31/2008 6/1/2008 6/2/2008 (1)6/3/2008 6/4/2008 6/5/2008 6/6/2008 No Sampling 23 19(4) 2 34 40(8)21 9 36 2 39 293 1 41 l(1)2 4 2(4) 1 18 1 2 2 o 6/7/2008 EEP08001 6-20 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Continued.

Silver Silver Noxontown Garrisons Lake Moores McGinnis Coursey McColley Lake Pond Lake Lake Pond Pond Pond (Do ver) (Milford)-. -. .0, -. -.Date A A Q T I Q Q 6/8/2008 6/9/2008 No 6/10/2008 Sampling 6/11/2008 Alive 0 1 0 0 1 7 4 635 39 1,057 1 651 0 0 Removed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dead 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 14 2 49 0 30 0 0 Total 0 1 0 0 1 8 4 649 41 1,106 1 681 0 0 number dead = ()EEP08001 6-21 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Continued.

Cooper River Newton Lake Stewart Lake Sunset Lake Lake Date 3/27/2008 3/28/2008 3/29/2008 3/30/2008 3 3/31/2008 4/1/2008 1 4/2/2008 3 4/3/2008 1 19 4/4/2008 4/5/2008 10 4/6/2008 4/7/2008 1 19 4/8/2008 9 4/9/2008 8 4/10/2008 4/1 1/2008 4 4/12/2008 4/13/2008 3 4/14/2008 19(2)4/15/2008 4/16/2008 9 4/17/2008 4 4/18/2008 4/19/2008 4 4/20/2008 4/21/2008 1 4/22/2008 18 21 4/23/2008 4/24/2008 4/25/2008 3 4/26/2008 4/27/2008 4/28/2008 4/29/20081 4/30/2008 5/1/2008 1 2 5/2/2008 EEP08001 6-22 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Continued.

Cooper River Newton Lake Stewart Lake Lakset Lak Laket ft ft f DateA 5/3/2008 ___5/4/2 00 8 ___ ______ ________5/5/2008 ___ ___5/6/2608 ___ __ 3 5/7/2008 ___ ____()

___ 1 5/8/2008 ___________

5/9/2008 ___ ____2 5/10/2008

____ ___5/1 1/2008 __ ___5/12/2008 5/13/2008 ____ ___ ___ ___ ___1 5/14/2008

______ ______ ____5/1 5/200 8 5/16/2008

___ ______5/17/2008

___ ___5/18/2008

()___ ______5/19/2008

___ ______5/20/2008_______

5/21/2008

___ ______5/22/2008

___________

___5/23/2008

___________

5/24/2008

___5/25/2008____

___5/26/2008 5/27/2008_______

5/28/2008

________2 5/29/2008

_______5/30/2008

____1 5/31/2008

___ ______ __6/1/2008_______

6/2/2008 ___6/3/2008 _______6/4/2008 _______6/5/2008 ___6/6/2008 ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___6/7/2008 ___ ___ ___ ___ _______ ___ ___EEP08001 EEPO80I Fsh LdderMoniorinFish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-3. Continued.

Cooper River Newton Lake Stewart Lake Sunset Lake Lake ,P .z- 9 9 Date ___ _6/8/2008 6/9/2008 6/10/2008 6/11/2008 Alive 1 0 0 3 2 0 134 34 Removed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dead 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 Total I 1 0 3 2 1 136 34 E-EP08001 6-24 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-4. Range and peak periods of occurrence for alewife and blueback herring as observed in trap net sampling, with corresponding spill pool water temperatures

(°C), at the eleven fish ladder sites monitored in 2008.Noxontown Garrisons Silver Moores Coursey McColley Silver Lake Species Pond Lake (Dover) Lake Pond Pond (Milford)Alewife Period of occurrence April 3 April 3- 22 March 28 -April 24 April 16 Temperature range (°C) 12.6 11.4-19.5 11.3- 18.7 19.5Peak occurrence April 3 April 7 March 30 April 24 April 2 Temperature

(°C) 12.6 12.2 12.3-15.7 19.5 Blueback Herring April April 7 -April 7 -April 12 -Period of occurrence April 1114-5 Jn2 Ma30 ay8 14 -25 June 2 May 30 My2 Temperature range (°C) 15 15.5 -21.6 12.2-24 12.3 -23.1 13.5 -24.2 April 21 April 15 April 15 Peak occurrence April 11 April 24 April 28 April 20 -April 21-28 May 5 May 9 May 5 May 28 May 9 19.3 17.1 17 17.2 18.6 -20.8 Temperature ( °C) 15 21.6 19 16.2 1 9. 4 19.6 16.9 -23.1 19.4 21.7 19.8 Cooper Newton Stewart Sunset Species River Lake Lake Lake Lake Alewife March 30 -Period of occurrence April 21 April 3 -8 May 1 may I Temperature range (°C) 19.6 11.4 -13.1 10.3 -18.8 April 3 -Peak occurrence April 21 April 3 -8 April 22 Temperature

(°C) 19.6 11.4- 13.1 11.2- 18.8 Blueback Herring Period of occurrence May 18 April 25 May 8 April 22-May 30 Temperature range (°C) 17.7 20 21.4 14.1 -23.2Peak occurrence May 18 April 25 May 8 April 22 Temperature

(°C) 17.7 20 21.4 17.5 EEP08001 6-25 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-5. Number of spawning run adult herring counted passing in the eleven impoundments monitored in 2008.Noxontown Garrisons Lake Moores Coursey McColley Lake Pond Lake Lake Pond Pond Lakr (Dover) (M i frd)-. j. -.-o -.-, -, Date March 23-29 6 March 30-April 5 1 1 31 April 6-12 1 2 6 1 11 April 13-19 1 9 1 57 50 April 20-26 6 1 199 593 1 387 April 27-May 3 163 193 127 May 4-10 165 130 80 May 11-17 29 10 2 May 18-24 10 1May 25-31 34 28 2 June 1-7 June 8-14 Total Spawners 0 1 0 0 1 7 4 635 39 1,057 1 651 0 0 Total Herring 1 0 8 639 1,096 652 0 TargetNumber 810 430 855 135 290 245 135 Percent 0.12 0 0.94 513.33 377.93 266.12 0 0 EEP08001 6-26 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-5. Continued.

Cooper Newton Stewart Sunset River Lake Lake Lake Lake>Date X" r rMarch 23-29 March 30-April 5 1 36April 6-12 1 40 April 13-19 39 April 20-26 1 3 18 21 April 27-May 3 1 3 May 4-10 6May 11-17 1 May 18-24 May 25-31 3 June 1-7 June 8-14 Total Spawners 1 0 0 3 2 0 134 34 Total Herring 3 2 168 Target Number 950 205 190 470 Percent 0.11 1.46 1.05 35.74 EEP08001 6-27 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-6. Summary of annual herring monitoring results at the twelve fish ladder sites during 1996-2008.1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Noxontown Pond Garrisons Lake Silver Lake Dover Moores Lake 0 7*67 0 0 .0 0 0.* 0 0 0 25 .3 2 0 4 78 W)90 02 (06N 8712 78 -71 1 0 0 8.6ý3 0 McGinnis Pond 20 114. 398 9 718 244 899 0 2,221 19 Courseys Pond 13 144 89 39 72 129 7 20 81 McColley Pond ...115 ..177 559 1,122 L,250 I ' ' ') 1 228 ..679 24 133 1,061 489 1 715 92 688 1 928 649<,682 Silver Lake Milford Cooper River Lake Newton Lake Stewart Lake Sunset Lake 0 29 15,000 12,394 7;848 *24,327 *438 6,606 0 2,209 833 399 07 1,134 0. 1.301 2'12 335 0 1,638 173 189 :256 Electrofishing Juveniles EEP08001 6-28 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-7. Summary of species and numbers collected in adult passage monitoring at seven Delaware fish ladder sites during 2008.Silver Noxontown Garrisons Silver Lake Moores Courseys MeColley Lake Pond* Lake* (Dover)* Lake Pond Pond (Milford)Species *Alewife 1 1 4 39(2) 1 Black Crappie 1 38 5 30 3 BI ueback 7(1) 635 (14) 1,057 651 (30)Herring 7((1)_635 49)Bluegill 61 38 98 32 20 9 8 Brown Bulha 241 95 2 13 BullheadI Carp 11 1 50 2 1 Chain Pickeral I Channel 4 21 3 Catfish Gizzard Shad 683 (7) 236 (6) 608 1,239 (9) 831 (4) 589 (3) 28 Golden Shiner 14 24 10 Goldfish I Largemouth 4 4 1 Bass Pumpkinseed 117 5 Silvery I Minnow White Catfish 8 373 2 1 White Perch 366 1859 3 22(1) 7 4 Total 1,502 2,725 896 1,947 2,113 1,318 43 () number dead* Sampling net frequently vandalized.

EEP08001 6-29 Fish Ladder Monitoring Table 6-8. Summary of species and numbers collected in adult passage monitoring at four New Jersey fish ladder sites during 2008.Cooper Newton Stewart Sunset River Lake Lake Lake*Species Lake Alewife 2 134 (2)American Eel I Black Crappie 11 (98) 24 33 Blueback 1(1) 3 (1) 34 Herring Bluegill 7 (82) 45 (1) 482 (3) 24 (1)Brown Bullhead 2(4) 2 93(I)Carp 6 3 Chain Pickeral 4 Channel 3(4) 4(2)CatfishGizzard Shad 15 (75) 2(9) 95 (34) 1,455 (9)Golden Shiner 2 86 (14) 1 Goldfish I Hickory Shad (1)Largemouth (3) 1 16(5)Bass Pumpkinseed 3 (7) 14 96 3 Silvery 5 Minnow White Catfish (1) 4 White Perch 7(1,474) 8(6) 50(1) 3(1)White Sucker 5 Yellow Perch 1 (93) 5 2 Total 1,898 124 1,024 1,685 ( )number dead*sampling net frequently vandalized.

EEP08001 6-30 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Table 6-9. Temporal sampling of spawning run herring at three fish ladders, during 2001.Moores Lake Coursey Pond McColley Pond Time 4/24/01 4/25/01 5/7/01 4/23/01 4/24/01 4/25/01 4/23/01 4/24/01 4/25/01 5/7/01 Average 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 0.33 0.33 10:30 10.33 4.75 1 19.00 1.50 0.33 7.18 11:00 10.33 4.75 19.00 1.50 0.33 7.18 11:30 10.33 4.75 19.00 1.50 21.45 2.04 9.51 12:00 10.33 4.75 6.40 1.50 21.45 2.04 7.41 12:30 10.33 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.52 13:00 10.33 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.52 13:30 11.00 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.6014:00 11.00 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.60 14:30 11.00 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 3.63 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.16 15:00 11.00 2.09 3.40 6.40 13.00 3.63 21.45 3.47 2.04 7.16 15:30 11.00 2.09 3.40 3.57 6.40 13.00 3.63 21.45 3.47 2.04 6.80 16:00 11.00 2.09 3.40 3.57 6.40 13.00 3.63 21.45 3.47 7.56 16:30 11.00 2.09 3.40 3.57 3.63 21.45 3.47 6.94 17:00 2.09 3.57 3.63 3.10 17:30 2.09 3.57 3.63 3.10 18:00 3.57 3.63 3.60 18:30 3.57 3.50 3.54 19:00 16.50 3.50 10.00 19:30 16.50 5.50 11.00 20:00 1.50 5.50 3.50 20:30 1.50 3.00 2.25 21:00 3.00 3.00 22:00 22:30 23:00 23:30 0:00 0 EEP08001 6-31 Fish Ladder Monitoring S Table 6-10. Temporal sampling of spawning run herring at two fish ladders, during 2008.Coursey Pond McColley Pond Time 4/24/2008 4/24/2008 Average 7:30 0.18 0.54 0.368:00 0.18 0.54 0.368:30 0.18 0.54 0.36 9:00 4.5 8.5 6.5 9:30 4.5 8.5 6.5 10:00 4 0.5 2.25 10:30 4 0.5 2.25 11:00 7.5 1.0 4.25 11:30 7.5 1.0 4.25 12:00 5.5 14.5 10 12:30 5.5 14.5 10 13:00 10.5 16 13.25 13:30 10.5 16 13.25 14:00 14.5 13 13.75 14:30 14.5 13 13.75 15:00 8.5 14 11.25 15:30 8.5 14 11.25 16:00 21 23 22 16:30 21 23 22 17:00 6 5.5 5.75-17:30 6 5.5 5.75 18:00 3.5 3 3.25 18:30 3.5 3 3.25 19:00 0 0 0 19:30 0 0 0 20:00 0 0 0 20:30 0 0 0 21:00 0 0 0 22:00 0 0 0 22:30 23:00 23:30 0:00 EEP08001 6-32 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Pennsylvania-Cooper River Lake-Newton Lake Maryland New Jersey Ni Lake Moores Lake Delaware Bay Coursey Pond McColley Delaware Figure 6-1. Map depicting the locations of the twelve PSEG fish ladders within the Delaware River estuary.EEP08001 6-33 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-2. Noxontown Pond on the Appoquinimink River, in Odessa, DE.FEPO8001 6-34 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-3. Garrisons Lake on the Leipsic River, near Cheswold, DE showing fish ladder.EEP08001 6-35 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-4. Silver Lake on the St Jones River, in Dover, DE.EEP08001 6-36 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-5. Moores Lake on Isaacs Branch, a tributary to the St. Jones River, near Dover, DE.EEP08001 6-37Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-6. McGinnis Pond on Hudson Branch, a tributary of the Murderkill River, near Frederica, DE.EEP08001 6-38 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-7. Coursey Pond on the Murderkill River, near Frederica, DE.EEP08001 6-39 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-8. McColley Pond on Brown's Branch, a tributary to the Murderkill River, near Milford, DE.EEP08001 6-40 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-9. Silver Lake on the Mispillion River, in Milford, DE, showing the two fish ladders.EEP08001 6-41 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-10. Cooper River Lake, an impoundment of the Cooper River, in Camden, NJ.EEP08001 6-42 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-11. Newton Lake, an impoundment of Newton Creek, in Oaklyn, NJ.

EEP08001 6-43 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-12. Stewart Lake, and impoundment of Woodbury Creek, in Woodbury, NJ.EEP08001 6-44 Fish Ladder Monitoring Figure 6-13. Sunset Lake on the Cohansey River, in Bridgeton, NJ.0 EEP08001 6-45 Fish Ladder Monitoring Material is 1.25 PVC pipe.1" trawl mesh or 1" gTIl net mesh covering sides, back, bottom and angled panels.Figure 6-14. Generalized fish trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladders.EEP08001 6-46Fish Ladder Monitoring-Figure 6-15. Plan view of Noxontown fish trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladder.EEP08001 6-47 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Garrisons Silver Lake Scale in inches 0 12 6 Moores Figure 6-16. Plan views of four fish traps. used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of the fish ladders.EEP08001 6-48 Fish Ladder Monitoring Coursey and McColley 72 0 12 6 Scale in inches Figure 6-17. Plan views of two fish traps used to collect fish at the exit ,(upper end) of the fish ladders.E EP08001 6-49 Fish Ladder Monitoring ANCHOR LINE ATTACHMENT POINT (BACK 2 CORNERS)4'4'MESH TOP WITH FLAPS_- FLOATS ALL AROUND TOP 36'12'LEADS ALL AROUND BOTTOM-DRAWSTRING TO CLOSE LIVE CAR 6'HOOPS 30" DIA.NOTE: 1" SO. MESH ON ALL FACES AND ON THE TUBE. SOME NOT SHOWN FOR DETAIL CLARITY Figure 6-18. Modified commercial fish trap used to collect fish at the exit (upper end) of theCooper River Lake fish ladder.EEP08001 6-50 Fish Ladder Monitoring rishUm~aiozlidn Figure 6-19. Fish diversion curtain at the Silver Lake fish ladder.EEP08001 6-51Fish Ladder Monitoring S Temporary Aluminum-Flume-*Figure 6-20. Fish diversion flume at Moores Lake fish ladder.EEP08001 6-52 Fish Ladder Monitoring Delaware Ponds 40 35 30 ( 25 (-E 20 0 0.E 15 10 5 0 W00W0W00000 00 0000WWW000000WM 0 -L 00 Mr UI) M N W M M 0 r- M N (0 0 0 .CJ ..-Figure 6-21. Water temperatures

(°C) at Delaware Pond Spillpools during January 1, 2008through December 31, 2008.EEP08001 6-53 Fish Ladder Monitoring New Jersey Ponds 35 30 25 4-20 E a)I-" 15 0 10 5 0 0 CD 0 0 0 C) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0CD 0 0 0 0 C3

-D 0M C\j (0-U C \ CD 0 I~ N

-U') 0) "N MD 0M r- -W CD(NC N (NC M~ M LO (0 Nl- N- WCO 0) -N CO 0 C~)(N Figure 6-22. Water temperatures

('C ) at New Jersey Pond Spillpools during January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008.EEP08001 6-54 Fish Ladder Monitoring Cumulative Precipitation Dover, DE 70 60 50-Average--1 2008--.- Minimum (1965)-Maximum (2003)/-//0O//40 30/////20 10 0/--/--. -----I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Month Figure 6-23. Cumulative precipitation at in Dover, DE for 2008 with 1922-2008 average from data collected by Del DOT.EEP08001 6-55 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 900 800 700 PSEG, 2008 600-B -PSEG, 2001 6X --Jones, 1999 I-i'- 500 S 400 40= 300 200 100 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Time of Day (hrs)Figure 6-24. Hourly herring passage at Coursey and McColley Ponds, April 24, 2008 (PSEG, 2008); Coursey and McColley Ponds, and Moores Lake, April 23-May 7, 2001 (PESG, 2001);and Wagamons Pond, 1997-1998 (Jones, 1999).EEP08001 6-56 Fish Ladder Monitoring Noxontown Pond 6oz oz z z z z zr- r- r- r-" r- r -,-r, -1996 199711998119 0020 2002 200312004 200 20620081 Year Figure 6-25. Observed annual herring passage at Noxontown Pond, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-57 Fish Ladder Monitoring Garrisons Lake 80 70'A 60 0._0"w 40 ,,E 4 0 z= 30 C S20.0 01 10 z z z 0) 0) 0 to io to1996 1997 1998 199912000 200112002 2003120041200512006 200712008 Year Figure 6-26. Observed annual herring passage at Garrisons Lake, 1996-2008.

S EEP08001 6-58 Fish Ladder Monitoring Silver Lake (Dover)200 180 160 t 140120 60 100 a 20 a 80© 40 01996 1997 1991 1999 2000 200112002 2003 2604212005{20076120'07 2008 Year Figure 6-27. Observed annual herring passage at Silver Lake (Dover), 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-59 Fish Ladder Monitoring Moores Lake 800 700 CE m 600 CO 500 4-0 E 400 2 z-300 V" 200.0 100 0V I z r-1996 z 0 1997 z 0 CL r-CD 1998 2 1999 z 0 3 (D 2000 20041200512006 z 0 2007 20011200212003 2008 Year Figure 6-28. Observed annual herring passage at Moores Lake, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-60 Fish Ladder Monitoring McGinnis Pond 900 800 700 0.5 600-r E z 400 e-: 300 0 1 500.0 lOI I I --------------

mmiýýUf ' -1997 200012001 2002 2003 z 0 V)0)3"'0 20Q 2006 z 0 3 2007 z 0 3 2008 1996 199811999 200412005 Year Figure 6-29. Observed annual herring passage at McGinnis Pond, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-61 Fish Ladder Monitoring Coursey Pond 1800 1600 C 1400 0.C 1200 E:J'4)a) 400 0*- 1000 oJ4o 0 200 0 (A z o C-1996 1998 1999 2000 2 0 0412005 0 , V) L)an nQ 20061200712008 1997 20011200212003 Year Figure 6-30. Observed annual herring passage at Coursey Pond, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-62 Fish Ladder Monitoring McColley Pond.1400 1200 m U, 1000 C 4-800 E z-600 400 U)m 20 200 0 L --J 2003 z 0 20420 2 0 3 C20 2006 2 0-o 3 2007 1996119971199811999120001200112002 2008 Year Figure 6-31. Observed annual herring passage at McColley Pond, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-63 Fish Ladder Monitoring Silver, Lake (Milford)70 60 m s 50"0 40 a,Q E z-30 0 10 10I 0 2 z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 31- Q) '- 0) 0)- 0 0- CL 0- C CD D C CD CD D CD 1996 1997j1998 199912000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 200612007 2008 Year Figure 6-32. Observed annual herring passage at Silver Lake (Milford), 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-64 Fish Ladder Monitoring Cooper River Lake 14 12 b-.A 0- 10 bl 0 8 E z 6 w) 4 0 2 0z z o o rD rD0. 0 ..1996 1997 1998 1999 200020012002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Figure 6-33. Observed annual herring passage at Cooper River Lake, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-65 Fish Ladder Monitoring Newton Pond 6 5 CL ho c"E 4 4-0 0)E 3 z cu 0z z z z z z z z z 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o /o 1o oi o o oJ !oj CL a) a a a a -C .a- a a- a m, mD (D C C D (D mD *CL 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year Figure 6-34. Observed annual herring passage at Newton Pond, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-66 Fish Ladder Monitoring 0 Stewart Lake 25 to.E 20 U, CL.S W" 15 0 E z 10 C ci 0 0-r F 2 0 (D z 0 C-CL 2 0 CL 2 0 C-(D 2 CD 2 0 CD 2 0 (D 2 0 I-0-CD 2 0 Li,'0 199611997119981 199912000120011200212003 200412005120061200712008 Year Figure 6-35. Observed annual herring passage at Stewart Lake, 1996-2008.

EEP08001 6-67 Fish Ladder Monitoring Sunset Lake 4-0 E z C*0 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 t1 ____________________

_______________

L __I6 0 199E 1999 2001 2002 Year 2003 2007 19971199E 200C 20041200512006 2008 Figure 6-36. Observed annual herring passage at Sunset Lake, 1996-2008.

EFP08001 6-68 Fish Ladder Monitoring