ML061770612

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State of Vermont, Environmental Radiation Surveillance Report, 2002 Summary
ML061770612
Person / Time
Site: Vermont Yankee Entergy icon.png
Issue date: 12/31/2002
From:
State of VT, Dept of Health
To:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
%dam200611
Download: ML061770612 (73)
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Text

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7 F- -I State of Vermont Environmen talRadiationSurveillance Report 2002 Summary Vermont Department of Health Office of Radiological Health l_ -A

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ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION SURVEILLANCE

SUMMARY

FOR 2002 ALL SAMPLES FOR THE YEAR 2002 ARE WITHIN THE EXPECTED HISTORICAL RANGE Sample Historical 2002 Media Range*

Air Filter Gross Alpha <LLD to 0.0071. 0.0007 to 0.0053 (pCi/m3 ).

Gross Beta < LLD to 0.0251 0.0010 to 0.0220 Biota " Plant Cs-137 < LLD < LLD S(pCi/kg) K-40 2,000 to 13,000 5,490 Be-7 <LLD to 1,500 645 Fungi Cs-137 50 to 9,000 3,680 K-40 1,000 to 12,000 11,900 Be-7 < LLD < LLD Cs-134 < LLD to 45* <LLD Fern Cs-137 < LLD to 540 NS K-40 4,000 to 11,000 NS Be-7 100 to 4,000 NS Honey Cs-137 < LLD to 200 NS K-40 300 to 2,000 NS Be-7 < LLD NS Fish Cs-137 <LLD to 100 < LLD (pCi/kg) .

K-40 1,000 to 5,000 2230 to 2400 Iodine Cartridges 1-131 < LLD < LLD 3)

(pCi/m Milk 1-131 < LLD < LLD (pci.L)

K-40 1,200 to 2,000 1,300 to 1,830

Sample - Historical 2002 Media. Range* "

Sediment Cs-137 < LLD to 500 < LLD to 62 (pCi/kg) K-40 6,000 to 22,000 9,330 to 10,600 Be-7 <LLD to 5,000 < LLD Soil Cs-137 < LLD to 500 134 (pC'dkg) K-40 7,000 to 20,000 16,200 Be-7 < LLD to 600 537 Special Study Be-7 < LLD to 3,000 < LLD to 1,730 Sediments .

(pCi/kg) Co-60 < LLD to 2,500 < LLD K-40 *6,000 to 26,000 12,100 to 19,900 Cs-137 < LLD to 500 < LLD to 209 TLD Gross Gamma 10 to 45 17.0 to 32.5 (m.R/quarter)

Tritium in Water H-3 < LLD . < LLD (nCi/L) "

Water Alpha < LLD to 15 < LLD to 7.4 (pCi/L)

Beta < LLD to 15 < LLD to 5.2 LLD = Lower Limit of Detection NS = No Sample

  • Due to Chemobyl event.

C C C AIR SAMPLES 2002 All Air Samples for the Year.2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for alpha is from less than the detection limit to 0.007 1 p Ci/r 3 . The samples for 2002 range from 0.0007 to 0.0053 pCi/r 3 .

The historical range for beta is from less than the detection limit to 0.0251 pCi/mn 3 . The samples for 2002 range from 0.0010 to 0.0220 pCi/M 3 .

Air samples are taken at various fixed locations using a line liowered piston type compressor operating at a rate of 1 cubic foot per minute nominal. The sample is collected on a fiberglass 2" diameter filter. Collection time is continuous With a nominal sampling period of four weeks.

The air filters are analyzed for gross alpha and'gross beta-using an alpha/beta proportional counter. Results are reported in picoCuries per cubic meter of air with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

(picoCuries/Cubic Meter)'

1/3 - 2/7/02. 0.0037 + 0.0008 0.0197 + 0.0020 .0.0035 + 0.0007 0.0154 + 0.0016 2/7 - 3/7/02 0.0033 + 0.0009 0.01.70 +/- 0.0021 0.0028 + 0.0008 .0.0148 + 0.0017 3/7 - 4/18/02 0.0046 + 0.0007 0.0163 + 0.0014 0.0037 +0.0005 0.0126 +/- 0.0011 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0027 + 0.0009 0.0120 + 0.0014 0.0022 + 0.0007 0.0104 + 0.0012 5/20 - 6/19/02 0.0021+ 0.0009 0.0101 + 0.0014 0.0023 + 0.0008 0.0085 + 0.0012 6/19 - 7/17/02 0.0014 + 0.0008 0.0035 + 0.0010 0.0041 + 0.0010 0.0157 + 0.0015 7/17 - 8/20/02 0.0046 + 0.0014 0.0220 +/- 0.0031 0.0030 + 0.0006 0.0177-+ 0.0015 8/20 - 9/17/02 0.0041 + 0.0009 0.0172 + 0.0019 0.0030 + 0.0007 0.0146 + 0.0016 9/17 - 10/15/02 .0.0036 + 0.0011 0.0220 + 0.0020 0.0029 + 0.0009 0.0171 + 0.0016 10/15 - 11/19/02 0.0032 + 0.0009 0.0136 + 0.0014 0.0027 + 0.0007 0.0120 + 0.0012 11/19 - 12/10/02 0.0037 + 0.0013 0.0157 + 0.0020 0.0019 + 0.0009 0.0148 + 0.0017 12/10 - 1/7/03 0.0026 + 0.0010 0.0133 + 0.0016 0.0024 + 0.0008 0.0109 +.0.0012

C C. C AIR SAMPLES 2002 (picoCuries/Cubic Meter) 1/3 - 2/7/02. 0.0048 +/- 0.0008 0.0193 -0.0019 0.0036 +/- 0.0007 0.0169.:k 0.0016 2/7 - 3/7/02 0.0050 +/- 0.0010 0.0193 +/- 0.0021 0.0033 +/- 0.0008 0.0145 d-0.0017 3/7 - 4/18/02 0.0046 +/- 0.0006 0.0154 b 0.0013 0.0042 - 0.0006 0.0137.4 0.0011 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0029 +/- 0.0009 0.0119 +/- 0.0013 0.0022 +/- 0.0007 0.0115 00.0012 5/20 - 6/19/02 < 0.0009 0.0135 + 0.0008 0.0018 + 0.0008 0.0091 + 0.0012 6/19 - 7/17/02 0.0044.+/- 0.0011 0.0167.+/- 0.0017 < 0.0007 < 0.0010 7/17 - 8/20/02 0.0039 + 0.0007 0.0185+/- 0.0016 0.0033 +/- 0.0006 0.0166 +/--0.0015 8/20 - 9/17/02 0.0022 + 0.0006 0.0139 + 0.0016 0.0022 + 0.0006 0.0142 + 0.0015 9/17 - 10/15/02 0.0023 + 0.0009 0.0163 + 0.0017 .0.0030 + 0.0009 0.0159 + 0.0015 10/15 - 11/19/02 0.0038 + 0.0009.. 0.0149 + 0.0014 0.0028 + 0.0007 0.0128+-0.0012 11/19 - 12/10/02 0.0022 + 0.0010 0.0170 + 0.0020 0.0024+ 0.0009. 0.0136 + 0.0016 12/10 - 1/7/03 0.0038+ 0.0010. .0.0181 + 0.0017 0.0018 + 0.0007 0.0119 + 0.0012

C AIR SAMPLES 2002 (picoCuries/Cubic Meter)

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1/3 - 2/7/02 0.0053 -0.0008 0.0185 - 0.0017 0.0037 + 0.0007 0.0164 + 0.0016 2/7 - 3/7/02 0.0038-+/- 0.0009 0.0163 - 0.0019 0.0034+ 0.0008 0.0148 +/- 0.0018 3/7 - 4/18/02 0.0046 +/- 0.0006 0.0154 - 0.0013 0.0041 : 0.0006 0.0152 + 0.0013 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0019 + 0.0007 0.0110 + 0.0013 0.0027 .+ 0.0008. 0.0102 + 0.0012 5/20 - 6/19/02 0.0025 +/- 0.0009 0.0089+ 0.0013 0.0016 + 0.0008 0.0082 + 0.0012 6/19 - 7/17/02 0,0048 d-0.0011 0.0155 +/- 0.0016 0.0037 + 0.0010 0.0158 + 0.0016 7/17 - 8/20/02 0.0036 + 0.0007 0.0183 1 0.0016 0.0031 + 0.0006 0.0150h 0.0014 8/20 - 9/17/02 0.0036 + 0.0008 0.0160 + 0.0017 0.0032 + 0.0007 0.0145 + 0.0016 9/17 - 10/15/02 0.0026 + 0.0009 0.0187 + 0.0017 0.0027 + 0.0009 0.0161 + 0.0016 10/15 - 11/19/02 0.0031 + 0.0008 0.0130 + 0.0013 0.0028 + 0.0007 0.0134 + 0.0013 11/19 - 12/10/02 0.0031 + 0.0011 0.0165+ 0.0018 0.0022 + 0.0010 0.0145 +.0.0017 12/10 - 1/7/03 0.0031 + 0.0009 0.0143 + 0.0014 0.0031 + 0.0009 . 0.0132 + 0.0014

C C.' C AIR SAMPLES 2002 (picoCuries/Cubic Meter) 1/3 "2/7/02 0.0034 0.0007 0.0169 .40.0016 2/7 - 3/7/02 0.0034 :h 0.0008 0.0139 k 0.0012 3/7 - 4/18/02 . 0.0039 + 0.0005 . 0.0127 + 0.0008 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0020 +/- 0.0007 0.0092 +/- 0.0011 5/20 -. 6/19/02' 0.0016.:b 0.0007 0.0077 +/- 0.0011 6/19 -7/17/02 0.0036 + 0.0010. 0.0129 + 0.0015 7/17- 8/20/02 0.0034 + 0.0006 0.0167 , 0.0015 8/20 - 9/17/02. 0.0025 + 0.0006 0.0126 + 0.0014 9/17 - 10/15/02. 0.0024 + 0.0008 0.0137 + 0.0014 10/15 - 11/19/02 0.0023 + 0.0006 0.0119 + 0.0011 11/1.9 -12/10/02 0.0025 + 0.0010 0.0131 + 0.0016 12/10- 1/7/03 0.0024 + 0.0008 0.0119+ 0.0012

C C AIR SAMPLES 2002 (picoCuries/Cubic Meter) 1/3 -2/7/02 6.0038 +/- 0.0007 0.0186:h 0.00.18 0.0015 +0.0005 0.0069 + 0.0008 2/7 - 3/7/02 0.0043 +/- 0.0009 0.0166 J-0.0019 0.0042 + 0.0009 0.0163 + 0.0018 3/7 - 4/18/02 0.0042 +/- 0.0006 0.0151 :h 0.0013 0.0048 + 0.0006 0.0158 + 0.0013 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0025':h0.0008 0.0110 +/- 0.0013 0.0016 + 0.0007 0.0116 + 0.0013 5/20 - 6/19/02 0.0025 +/- 0.0009.. 0.0094 +/- 0.0013. 0.0020 + 0.0008 0.0099 + 0.0013 6/19 - 7/17/02 0.0049 +/- 0.0011 0.0162 +/-*0.0016 0.0053+ 0;0012 0.0174 + 0.0017 7/17 - 8/20/02 0.0032 +/- 0.0007 0.0172 - 0.0016 0.0039 + 0.0007 0.0170 +/- 0.0015 8/20 - 9/17/02 0.0033 + 0.0007 0.0151 +0.0017 0.0032 + 0.0007 0.0143 + 0.0017 9/17 - 10/15/02 . 0.0028 + 0.0009 0.0171 + 0.0017 0.0036.+ 0.0010 0.0178 + 0.0017 10/15 - 11/19/02 0.0031 + 0.0008 0.0126 + 0.0012 0.0027 + 0.0007 0.0135 + 0.0013 11/19 - 12/10/02 .0.0026 + 0.0010 0.0164 + 0.0018 0.0028 + 0.0010 0.0162 + 0.0018 12/10 - 1/7/03  ; 0.0031 + 0.0010 0.0146 + 0.0010 0.0038 + 0.0010 0.0149 + 0.0014

C C AIR SAMPLES 2002 (picoCuries/Cubic Meter)

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1/3 - 2/7/02 0.0042 + 0.0008 0.0195 + 0.0018 2/7 -3/7/02 0.0045 + 0.0010 0.0183 + 0.0020 3/7 -4/18/02 0.0041 + 0.0006 0.0163 + 0.0013 4/18 - 5/20/02 0.0028 + 0.0009 0.0120 + 0.0013 5/20 - 6/19/02 0.0020 + 0.0009 0.0085 + 0.0013 6/19 -7/17/02 0.0039 + 0.0010 0.0157 + 0.0016 7/17 - 8/20/02 0.0037 1 0.0007 0.0174 +/- 0.0011 8/20 - 9/17/02 0.0028 + 0.0007 0.0163 + 0.0012 9/17 - 10/15/02 0.0027 + 0.0009 0.0184 + 0.0017 10/15 -11/19/02 0.0032 + 0.0008 0.0126 + 0.0012 11/19 - 12/10/02 0.0019 + 0.0009 0.0141 + 0.0017 12/10 - 1/7/03 0.0022 + 0.0008 0.0123 + 0.0013

C C C AIR SAMPLES - ALPHA 0.006 0.005 __ **-~~ _A. _

0.004 CE C0 0.003 0.002 0.001 I

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C C C AIR SAMPLES - ALPHA 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.003 0,.

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BIOTA 2002 All Biota for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical ranges for plant material:

Cesium-137* is less than the detection limit; Potassium-40** is-from 2,000 to 13,000 pCi/kg, Beryllium-7*** is from less than the detection limit to 1,500 pCi/kg.

The plant sample for 2002 lies within these historical ranges. See table below.

The historical ranges for fungi:

Cesium-137 is 50 to 9,000 pCi/kg, Potassium-40 is from 1,000 to 12,000 pCi/kg, Beryllium-7 is less than the detection limit, Cesium-134**** is from less than the detection limit to 45 pCi/kg.

The fungi sample for 2002 lies within these historical ranges. See table below.

The historical ranges for ferns:

Cesium-137 is from less than the detection limit to 540 pCi/kg, P'tassium-40 is from 4,000 to 11,000 pCi/kg, Beryllium-7 is from 100 to 4,000 pCi/kg.

There was no fern sample for 2002.

The historical ranges for honey:

Cesium-137 is from less than the detection limit to 200 pCi/kg, Potassium-40 is from 300 to 2,000 pCi/kg, Beryllium-7 is.less than the detection limit.

Honey is no longer sampled.

Occasional sampling, most often once a year, is done on forage or wild foods as available or needed.

Samples are collected (usually in the Northwest q~uadrant) within a mile or two from the facility. These normally consist of ferns (fiddleheads), edible fungi (Clavaria sp., Boleti sp., Russlae sp., grapes, etc.) and grass. Sample sizes range from 250 to 1,000 grams. The samples are weighed, placed wet in reentrant beakers and analyzed in the Gamma Spectrometer System using a reverse germanium detector. Usual spectra include primordial radionuclides, archival Cesuim-137 and occasional cosmogenic Beryllium-7.

Reporting units are picoCuries per kilogram with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

Vernon - Rte 142 Tate Cemetery (picoCuries/lkilogram)

Summer Fungi 3680+280 11900+1300 ND

  • Vernon -Northwest Fence of Vt. Yankee (picoCuries/kilogram)

Summer Grass ND 5490 + 530 645 + 139 Samples were also evaluated for.the radionuclides listed below. None were present in excess of the lower limits of detection.

Cr-51 69 Sb-126 '18 Mn-54 15 1-131 27 Co-56 15 Cs-134 58 Co-60 21 Cs-136. 18 Zn-65 18 Cs-137 5 Sr-85 86 Ce-139 93 Ru/Rh-103 32 Ce-141 98 Sb-124 18 Ce-144 98

  • = Archival atmospheric testing
    • = Terrestrial radioactivity

= Cosmrogenic

= Chernobyl event ND = Below Detection Limits LLD = Lower Limit of Detection

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FISH 2002 All Fish Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for Cesium-137* is from less than the detection limit to 100 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range are less than the detection limit.

The historical range for Potassium-40** is from1,000 to 5,000 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range from 2,230 to 2,400 pCi/kg.

Two locations (3-4 Vernon Pond and 3-8 Route 9 Highway bridge) provide fish samples in the Spring and

-Fall "ofabout one kilogram foi each sample. Fish are capttired via an electroshock method. The fish are frozen whole, weighed, and chopped or blended (entire) for loading into a reentrant beaker. It is subsequently analyzed with a Gamma Spectrometer System using 'a reverse germanium detector.

Radionuclides detected usually. include naturally occurring ..Potassium-40, Thorium and Uranium with daughters, archival Cs-137 due to former open atmospheric nuclear tests, and occasional traces of cosmogenic Beryllium-7. Reporting units are picoCuries per kilogram with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

Spring.

(picoCuries/kilogram) 3-4 ND2340 + 620 3-8 ND 2230 + 600 Fall (picoCuries/kilogram)

Samples were also evaluated for the radionuclides listed below. None were present in excess of the lower limits of detection (LLD) which are shown in pCi/kg.

Cr-51 69 Sb-126 18

  • Mn-54 15 1-131 27 Co-56
  • 15 Cs-134 58 Co-60 21 Cs-136 18 Zn-65 18 Cs-137 5 Sr-85 86 Ce-139 93 Ru/Rh-103 32 Ce-141 98.

Sb-124 18 Ce-144 98

  • = Archival atmospheric testing
    • - Terrestrial radioactivity ND =..Below Detection Limit LLD Lower Limit of Detection

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IODINE CARTRIDGES 2002 All Iodine Cartridges for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for iodine-131 in air cartridges is less than the detection limit. The samples for 2002 were less than the detection limit.-

Air samples are taken at various fixed locations using a line powered piston type compressor operating at a rate of 1 cubic foot per minute nominal. The sample is collected on a charcoal cartridge loaded with TEDA for iodine collection. The charcoal cartridge follows the filtration of air by a glass fiber filter in the air sampling train at all air sampling stations. Collection time is continuous with a nominal sampling period of four weeks. Response to Chernobyl iodine release was marked, proving the sensitivity to environmental trace levels of iodine of this'system. The air cartridges are analyzed for Iodine-131 .with the Gamma Spectrometer System using a reverse germanium detector. The nominal lower limit of detection is 2 x 10-5 pCi/l of air.

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January X X X X February X X X X

'March '_X X X_._, X April X X X X May X X X X June X X. X X July X X X X August X X X X September X X X X October X . ___X X X November X X X X December X X X X

IODINE CARTRIDGES 2002 January February March April May June July August September October November December X = No Evidence of Iodine-131

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MILK 2002 All Milk Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for Iodine-131 is less than the detection limit. The samples for 2002 are all less than the detection limit.

The historical range for Potassium-40* is from 1,200 to 2,000 pCi/L. The samples for 2002 range from 1,300 to 1,830 pCi/L.

Milk sampling is performed at a frequency of once per month. The samples are measured, placed into reentrant beakers and analyzed in the Gamma Spectrometer System using a reverse germanium detector.

Usual spectra include terrestrial Potassium-40. The nominal detection limit for 'Iodine-131 is 10 picoCuries/liter. Significant indications of the presence of any other radionuclides are investigated and reported if found. Reporting units are.picoCuries per liter with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

Blodgett Farm (picoCuries/liter)

January ND .1410 + 120 February ND 1530+130 March- ND 1830+160 April ND 1430+ 120

  • May ND 1450+120 June ND 1510+120 July. ND 1470+130 August " ND 1560+120 September ND 1580+ 120.

October ND *1520+ 120

  • November ND 1570 +120 December ND 1470 + 110

Miller Farm (picoCuries/liter)

  • January ND 1500+120 February ND 1370+ 120 March ND 1410+ 120 April ND 1420+ 120

. May ND 1520+ 130 June ND 1360 + 120

" July ND 1300 + 120 August ND 1590+ 120 September ND 1490+ 110

  • October ND 1510+ 110 November. ND 1570+ 120 December ND 1620 + 120
  • = Terrestrial Radioactivity ND = Below Detection Limit

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SEDIMENT 2002 All Sediment Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for Cesium-137* is from less than the*detection limit to 500 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range from less than the detection limit to 62 pCi/kg.

The historical range for Potassium'40** is from 6,000 to 22,000 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range from 9,330 to 10,600 pCi/kg.

The historical range for Beryllium-7*** is from less than the detection limit to 5,000 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 are less than the detection limit.

Sediment samples are taken biannually in the spring and fall. A sediment sample is taken ranging from

-approximately 0.75 to 1.25 kilograms from the Connecticut River at three separate locations in the spring and fall of each year. The sample is dried, weighed on a top loaded balance and placed in a 500 milliliter HDPE bottle. The sample is counted on the Gamma Spectrometer System using a reverse germanium detector. A normal spectrum Will include primordial radionuclides With daughters, and archival Cesium-

.137 from former open atmospheric nuclear testing. On occasion short-lived cosmogenic Beryllium-7 can be discerned. Reporting units are picoCuries per kilogram with 2 sigma (standard deviation) Value.

SPRING (pCi/kilogram) 3-3 53+17 10200+ 900 ND 3-4 42+16 9520+ 860 ND 3-8 30+15 10600+ 900 ND FALL pCi/kilogram

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Samples were also evaluated for the radionuclides listed below. None were present in excess of the lower limits of detectability which are shown in pCi/kg.

Cr-5_1 69 Sb-126 18 Mn-54 15 1-131 27 Co-56 __Cs-134 15 58 Co-60 _21 .... Cs-136 18 Zn-65 18 Cs-137 5 Sr-85 86 Ce-139 93 Ru/Rh-103 32 Ce-141 98 Sb-124 18 Ce-144 98

  • = Archival atmospheric testing
    • = Terrestrial radioactivity Cosmogenic ND = None Detected LLD Lower Limit of Detection

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SOIL 2002 All Soil Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for Cesium-137* is from less than the detection limit to 500 pCi/kg. The sample for 2002 is 134 pCi/kg."

The historical range for Potassium-40** is from 7,000 to 20,000 pCi/kg. The sample for 2002 is 16,200 pCi/kg.

The historical range for Beryllium-7*** is from less than the detection limit to 600 pCi/kg. The sample for 2002 is 537 pCi/kg.

Occasional sarihpling, most oflen once a year, is done on other soils as available or needed. Samples are collected (usually in the Northwest quadrant) within a mile or two. from the facility. Sample sizes range from 250 to 1,000 grams. The samples are weighed, dried and placed in 500 ml wide mouth HDPE bottles and analyzed on the Gamma Specfrometer System using a reverse germanium detector. Usual spectra include primordial radionuclides, archival Cesuim-137 and occasional cosmogenic Beryllium-7. Reporting units are. picoCuries per Idlogram with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

Northwest Corner Vermont Yankee Fence (picoCuries/kilogram)

A.4,0-Y I.Spring 6/19/02 I 134+34 I 16200+ 1200 1 537+180 I Samples were also evaluated for the radionuclides listed below. None were present in excess of the lower limits of detectability which, are shown in pCi/kg.

Cr-51 69 Sb-126 18 Mn-54 .. 15 1-131 27 Co-56 15 Cs-134. 58 Co-60 21 Cs-136 18 Zn-65 18 Cs-137 5 Sr-85 86 Ce-139 93 Ru/Rh-103 32 Ce-141 98 Sb-124 .18 Ce-144 .98

  • = Archival atmospheric testing
    • = Terrestrial radioactivity

= Cosmogenic

.ND = Below Detection Limits LLD = Lower Limit of Detection

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SPECIAL STUDY - SEDIMENT VERMONT YANKEE - NORTH STORM DRAIN OUTFALL All Special Sediments for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for Beryllium-7** is from less than the detection limit to 3,000 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range from less than the detection limit to 1,730 pCi/kg.

The historical range for Cobalt-60*** is from less than the detection limit to 2,500 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 were less than the detection limit.

The historical range for Potassium-40**** is from 6,000 to 26,000 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 range from 12,100 to 19,900 pCi/kg.

Tihe historical range for Cesium-137***** is from less than the detection limit to 500 pCi/kg. The samples for 2002 ranged from less than the detection limit to 209 pCi/kg.

Special sediment samples are taken biannually in the spring and fall. A sediment sample is taken ranging from approximately 0.75 to 1.25 kilograms from the Connecticut River at up to 40 separate locations in a grid around the discharge structure. The sample is dried, weighed on a top loaded balance and placed in a 500 milliliter HDPE bottle. The sample is counted on the Gamma Spectrometer System using a reverse germanium detector. A normal spectrum will include primordial radionuclides with daughters, and archival Cesium-137 from former open atmospheric nuclear testing. On occasion short-lived cosmogenic Beryllium-7 and Cobalt-60 can be discerfied. Reporting units are picoCuries per kilogram with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

SPRING 2002

ý%w (picoCurie/kilogram)

S-.1___ ND ND 19100+1600 185+43 S-2 ND ND 16700+ 1400 157.+32 S-3 ND ND 15700+*"* 1300 123+35 S4**

S-5 * *

  • T-1 ND ND 15400+ 1300 126+32 T-2 ND ND 18500+ 1600 168+37

. T-3 ND ND 18100+1500 172+37.

T4 ND ND 16400+ 1400 142+37 T-5 * * *

  • U-1 ND ND 11500+1000 57+29 U-2 ND ND 14300+ 1300 102+40 U-3 ND ND 17800 + 1500 148+34 U-4 ND ND 18400+ 1500 .142+32 U-5 ND ND 14300 + 1200 92 +*28 V-1 * * *
  • V-2. . ND ND 16800+ 1400 138+33.

V-3 ND ND 16400+ 1400 139+.27 V4 ND ND 15300+ 1300 108+33

  • V-5 ND ND 13700 +1200 74+25 W-1 -* * *
  • W-2 . .* .
  • W-3 ND ND 16900+ 1400 154+34 W4 ND. ND 15900 +1400 109+33 W-5 ND ..ND 15400+ 1300 92+29 X-1 *- * *
  • X-2 * *
  • X-3 * * *
  • X4 ND ND 16900+ 1400 162+37.

X-5 ND ND 14700+1300 95+26 Y-1 * * *

  • Y-2 * *
  • Y-3*
  • Y-4A * ***
  • Y-5 ND ND 15800 +1400 120+33 Z-1 * * *
  • Z-2 "* * *
  • Z-3* * *
  • Y-4 * *
  • Z-5* * *
  • SPECIAL STUDY - SEDIMENT VERMONT YANKEE - NORTH STORM DRAIN OUTFALL FALL 2002 (picoCuri~dlogram) jo Wi estu~3 S-1 ND ND 15900+ 1400 101+32 S-2 ND ND 16800+ 1400 131+31 S- **

S-5

  • T-1 1730+340 ND 11100+900 33+19 T-2 ND ND 14500+ 1300 107+30 T-3 ND ND 19500+ 1600 187+49 T.-4 *
  • T-5
  • U-1 ND ND 15600+ 1400 112+47 U-2 ND ND 16500+ 1400 118+40 U-3 ND ND 19900 -1700 175 +45 U-4 ND ND 17600+ 1500 146+30 U-5 *._*_ _ _

.V-l * *',

V-2 * *

  • V-3 * "

V4 ND ND 15500+ 1300 109+28 V-5 ND ND 14000+ 1200 77+26 W-1 *

  • W-2 * -

W-3 *

  • W4 ND ND .15600+1300' 92+29 W-5 ND ND 15400 +1300 92+25 X-1 X-2 * *

.X-3 *

  • X-4. ***

-X-5 ND -ND 15000+ 1200 .86 + 25 Y-1 *

  • Y-2
  • Y-3* *
  • y..4 * * **

Y-5 "* *

  • Z-1 * *
  • Z-2 * * *

-3* *

  • Z-4 * *
  • Z-5 *
  • Samples were also evaluated for the radionuclides listed below. None were present in excess of the lower limits of detectability which are shown in pCi/kg.

Cr-51 69 Sb-126 18 Mn-54 15 1-131 27 Co-56 15 Cs-134 58 Co-60 21 Cs-136 18 Zn-65 18 Cs-137 5 Sr-85 86 Ce-139 93 Ru/Rh-103 32 Ce-141 98 Sb-124 18 Ce-144 98

  • Location not included for sampling

.** Cosmogenic

    • -Hotparticles from Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant Terrestrial radioactivity

- Archival atmospheric testing ND = None Detected LLD = Lower Limit of Detection

APPENDIX A RADIOLOGICAL SAMPLING PROGRAM OF-BOTTOM SEDIMENT NORTH STORM DRAIN

"*'.- -NORTH T U V w X y S

5+

+ +

OBuoy 75 f t. from shore

.000 Channel

+ 440.- - . +

/ */

Q 40 .+ -+ + +

,I*.

e 1?

4y* + + +I +

.2 + I 20 ft.

S

+ ÷

+ + +

  • lb*~t~

f%.'.

l-:w

.4 North Storm Drain

C ." C C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY (TLD) DATA 2002 All TLDs for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for TLDs ranges from 10 to 45 mR/quarter. The samples for 2002 range from 17.0 to 32.5 mR/quarter.

Thermoluminescent detectors are provided to the State of Vermont by Proxtonics, Inc. and are deployed for a quarterly sampling interval.

This method samples direct gamma radiation in the environment. Detectors utilize crystals which store energy from gamma and x-rays until analyzed for their cumulative energy exposure experience. Vermont has forty selected locations where direct radiation levels are measured for.

Some of these sites are located where other types of samples are taken (e.g. air, milk, water, etc.).. Levels of direct radiation from the natural environment are routinely detected at each site. Reporting units are milliRoentgens/quarter with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

EXPOSURE RATES (milliRoentgens/quarter)

Miller Farm, Vernon 25.6 + 0.8 24.0 + 6.8 17.0 + 0.7 20.0 + 2.2 Elementary School Exterior, Vernon* 22.8 + 0.6 26.3 + 2.4. 21.4 + 1.0 25.9 + 2.1 Elementary School Interior, Vernon 32.5 + 218 28.4 + 2.3 25.9 + 1.4 25.3 + 2.0 VY North Fence, Vernon 32.2 + 1.0 25.7 + 2.4 27.1 + 2.9 21.6 + 3.4 VY Parking Lot Fence, Vernon- 32.3 + 3.1 29.6 + 2.4 27.0 + 2.8 23.4 + 2.6 Dummerston State Highway Garage (IFO) 26.0 + 2.7 21.6 + 2.3 17.0 + 1.5 23.8 + 3.8 VY Southwest Fence, Vernon 26.2 + 3.6 26.2 + 1.8 21.1 + 1.5. 21.2 + 1.6 Renaud Bros. (Puffers), Vemon* 27.7 + 0.6 26.7 + 1.8 21.7 + 1.4 21.1 + 2.6 Tyler Hill & Franklin Road, Vernon 25.8 + 0.8 25.9 + 0.5 21.9 + 2.8 .22.3 + 2.2 Power Line River Crossing, Vernon* 26.7 + 0.6 .21.0 + 3.8 20.5+ 0.9 22.9 + 2.3 Blodgett Farm, Vernon. 25.8 + 1.6 22.1 + 2.9 20.2 + 2.3 26.3 + 1.9 Brattleboro U.H.S., Brattleboro 23.6 + 0.8 *23.2 +.6.4 20.4 + 1.0 26.0.+ 3.7 Henry Transportation, Guilford

  • 29.5 + 0.5 22.4 + 1.8 19.8 + 0.6 20.5 +1.6 Guilford Town Highway Garage, Guilford
  • 29.2 + 2.6 22.0 + 2.9 23.4 + 1.3 21.8 +-3.5 Evans Farm, Guilford 23.2 + 2.4 24.7 + 1.0 18.6 + 0.1 20.0 + 0.5 Putney Town Clerk, Putney _ 25.0+ 1.6 21.9:

21 2.6 19.6+3.1 19.6 +2.2

C C C EXPOSURE RATES (milliRoentgens/quarte'r)

_P_ _ J.WORtioji -

MINIMM10f State Highway Garage, Wilmington

  • 28.6 + 7.0 31.9 + 3.4 23.6 + 3.3 22.8 + 1.2 State Police, West Brattleboro .25.0 + 0.5 22.8 + 0.1 18.8 + 2.3 22.1 + 2.4 Windham County Courthouse, Brattleboro 25.2 + 1.8 23.6 + 1.6 17.2 1.8 * .20.20.8 VDORH-A -21.5+1.0 22.4+4.3 18.3_.1.6 18.7+1.1 Smead Lumber, .Vernon
  • 22.1 + 1.6 24.8 +2.7- 20.8+2.5 21.0+2.4 Pond Rd. & Rte. 142 N, Vernon 24.4 +2.4 25.4 + 0.9 20.3 + 0.3. 23.3 + 4.0 Engle Dr., West Rd., Vernon " 23.5 + 1.0 22.1 + 3.4 23.4 + 2.7 20.7 + 2.0 Fairman Rd., Vernon 26.4 + 2.6 26.1 + 0.0 17.8+2.0 20.8 + 1.8 Pond Rd. & Houghton Hill Rd., Vernon 25.7 + 0.1 24.8 + 1.5 20.6 + 0.3 18.5+ 0.7 Rte. 5, Wolosko, Guilford (10) 24.6 + 0.1 25.3 + 0.1 22.3+0.2 25.4 + 2.1 Rte. 5, Andrews Cemetery, Guilford (40) 26.9+ 3.0 26.8+2.9 21.5+2.9 24.1+ 1.5 Rte. 5 & Tkaczyk Farm Rd.; Guilford (11) 25.3 +2.7 25.6_0.2 20.5+1.1 20.8+ 1.4 Tyler Hill Rd., Vernon 26.6+6.6 27.4+3.5 22.1 +0.6 23.9+3.1 Rte. 142 N of Transmission Line, Vernon 27.4 + 2.4 25.4 + 0.3 18.9 + 0.3 23.1 + 2.2 Rte. 5 to Guilford Ctr. Rd., Guilford (14) 25.7 + 1.8 24.7+ 2.3 19.6 + 0.2 20.4 + 1.1 Guilford Ctr Rd. & Tater Rd., Guilford 27.1 + 3.8 24.3+ 1.1 19.8 + 1.1 '20.6 + 2.0 Weatherhead Hollow & Stony Hill Rds, Gfd 22.8 + 1.7 21.0 + 0.9 19.1 + 0.8 19.3 + 1.1 Huckle Hill Rd. N of VT/MA Border, 29.3 + I.1 29.6+5.4 24.7+ 0.9 24.8+3.8 Vernon .

Rte. 5, Dummerston School, Dummerston 28.7+5.0 24.1 + 2.4 ** 22.5 + 1.8 Pond Rd., Vernon Rec. Area, Vernon 22.4+ 1.1 '23.4 + 2.9 19.2+0.4. 19.4 +0.1 Rte. 142, Vernon Fire Dept.,.Vernon 27.4-0.2 27.3+5.2 20.2 +2.6 21.2+0.8 Rte. 142 S & Pond Rd., Vernon 25.8 + 2.4 26.1 + 2.5 21.0 + 2.6 23.9 + 0.6 Rte. 142 & Newton Rd., Vernon 26.1 + 1.4 20.9 + 0.6 20.4 7 1.6 20.8 + 1.3 Rte. 142 &-Depot St., VT/MA Line, Vernon 27.6 + 2.9 20.8 + 1.5 22.9 + 2.7 24.0 + 1.1 Gov. Hunt Rd. at Vernon Elem. School 29.2 + 0.2 24.0 +'2.9 23.6 + 1.9 20.3 + 2.6 Collocated with Air Sampling Station

    • = Dummerston School TLD was not found.

C C C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 40 35 000, 30 25 ...

X Cu 20 m

E* 15 10 5

n v I I i I 9 I - I . i Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct-00 00 00 .00 .01 01 01 01 02 02 02 02 --- Miller Farm.

--- Vernon Elem School Exterior Vernon Elem School Interior DATE --- VY North Fence

VY Parking Lot Fence

.C C. C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY.

40 30 iCu2 E 10 I I. I II I 0 Dummerston State Highway Garage

  • Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- -- Ml--VY Southwest Fence 00 00 00, 00 01 01 01 01 .02 02 02 02 Renaud Brothers

-- Tyler Hill/Franklin Road DATE W---- Power Line River Crossing

C c C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35.

30 25 ip.. 20.

15 E

10 5

-- + Blodgett Farm 0

--- BUHS oo 0 0 0, C" -. C'J N C,4. N1 C0. 0 C0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 0 0 D&E Tree Henry CL.. 0 C CL. :3 o CL.. :3. --- Guilford Town Highway

-, - 0 - <

<, 0 <. 0 Garage

)K Evans Farm DATE.

C C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35 30 L- 25 0

2 15 E jo I I I II I I%

5

- Putney Town Clerk 0

-U-- Wilmington State Highway Garage Brattieboro State Police

-- M-- Windham County Courthouse

-K Smead Lumber DATE

C) C C)

THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35 30 -, r.

boo

-- 25 20 cu 2 i215 E jo 5

0 Rt 142 & Pond Road N

--- Engle Dr &West Rd FaIrman Road

--- Pond Rd &

Houghton Hill Rt 5Wolosko DATE

C C C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35 30

'- 25

  • 20 i215 E jo 5

0 I I I I I I I

- Rt 5 Andrews Cemetary

-U--Rt 5 & Tkaczyk L K

__ L 1 Farm Rd Tyler Hill Road

-- Rt 142 N of Transmission Line W Rt 5 &Guilford DATE.

C) C 0)

THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35 30 L- 25

.u20 2 15 E jo I~~~ f 5

0 -=4-Guilford Center Rd &

Tater Rd

Weatherhiad Hollow

& Stony Hill 0 0N C N Huclde Hill Rd (4~ V. V. --.-- Dummerston School CP 10" W Vernon Recreation DATE

THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35.

30'

- cu 20

~15-1j0 -

5-

--- Vernon Fire

  • ./I. i I* IDepartmint

--- Rt 142 S & Pond

\'*AO"IRoad OS V OO5N~ Rt 142 &Newton Rd

-WE-Governor Hunt Rd LJAMI M

C C C THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY 35 30 a- 25 0

cu 20 O"15 E jo 5

0 DATE --- Vermont Dept of Health - A

STAT ETLD?'O Burlingto~n U /I U I-n

  • ,., , i eJ SD...; . 10--""Pis, sl seem k be a WorM*e u,,

""`lll4 -- " I " "' / * "

Vad.

".8 " 1A*. 4i

'11 .,Oo-- .

"' ". " * *" I " " v fI ,L cc

  • = In * * -,. '= '

gi~~~tg~ Jumpt IL / d 'A r g%.

EPX4T, II INMI 0ARI~lon Imeislli.

7 oAI Denmtl Ulu$. It. 1111 TZ* Cotet Ir BeMi fdge Is..Ib~~

  • 0.

I .. I Donhl Si 4itctlt o CotMHsiLlEAj.

0 9" or Walli

STATE "TLD'S C C. C)

U'

-1 U'

L

C C C

.o ..-. ._- -.. ... .-- -. .. ...

IB*o I oo I.

I 1 [11 I

MM LI (Si

- - - 3 9 --

~TL?.5-6GnD -6 .

QSTATE TLD76 00 RAMS.- GUILF RD

/Co 00

  • CSTSOPY .U-t- V'9J.

shz ljoj= ROA 0 C

(PuF~r)TATE LI~f SA S&. AlIM~

/~1//. 4 4 FAIRIAM WE-ST.

Roaring Brook v..A CEL iUk PubO PoDA

9. e.Il HILLLRn.J' /t/.ZDA R.Z). -

TRITIUM IN WATER 2002 VERMONT YANKEE (CONNECTICUT RIVER)

All Tritium in Water Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected historical range.

The historical range for tritium in water is less than the detection limit. The samples for 2002 are less than the detection limit.

As part of the water sampling effort, an aliquot of the monthly grab samples is analyzed for Hydrogen-3.

Two locations are reported monthly fdr Hydrogen-3 content from the Connecticut River (upstream and downstream of the power station). The samples are analyzed by liquid scintillation counting. The detection limit for tritium is 0.5 nCi/l. Reporting units are nanoCuries/liter with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

WATER.

(nanoCuries/liter) t %lipanuary < < 05 January < 0.5 < 0.5 February < 0.5. < 0.5 March < 0.5 < 0.5 April < 0.5 < 0.5 May < 0.5 < 0.5

June < 0.5 < 0.5 July < 0.5 < 0.5 August < 0.5 < 0.5 September < 0.5 < 0.5 October .0.5 < 0.5 November . <0.5 < 0.5 December <0.5 < 0.5

C C B

sc4 fn. , u 0 WP- - --

Tr,-lh-9u ImST 04 oogoo rs#L'BR M

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oux URBAN COMPACT

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L0c-c-TflT.UM 00100

'i E 2 CHARLCS HILL toI

@ 10 S3r OI-SOUTH I VERNON

WATER SAMPLES 2002 All Water Samples for the Year 2002 are within the expected histroical range.

The historical range for alpha is from less than the detection limit to 15 pCi/l. The samples for 2002 range from less than the detection limit to 7.4 pCi/l.

The historical range for beta is from less than the detection limit to 15 pCi/1. The samples for 2002 range from less than the detection limit to 5.2 pCi/l.

Water samples are collected monthly from 8 sites. One gallon of water is placed in a reentrant beaker and analyzed on the Gamma spectrometer system using a reverse germanium detector. Usual spectra include primordial radionuclides. Reporting units are picoCuries per liter with 2 sigma (standard deviation) value.

WATER (picoCuries/Liter)

Tesi RY: jxý'V-n' &I

'w(M -

011-r ý1,42W-

1. - , -.-5 N" January Alpha 4.7 +1.0 <2.6 < 2.6 <2.1 Beta <3.6 < 3.6 <3.6 < 1.8 Gamma ND ND ND February Alpha 6.4+1.0 <*2.8 <2.8 < 1.6 Beta <3.6 < 3.6 < 3.6 < 1.8 Gamma ND ND ND.

March Alpha 5.9+1.0 < 2.3 <2.2 <1.9 Beta 4.3+2.2 < 3.5 <3.5 < 2.3 Gamma ' ND ND ND April Alpha . 6.6+1-.0 < 1.7 1.9 + 1.1 < 1.7 Beta <3.0 <2.2 .2.6+ 1.4 <2.2 Gamma ND ND ND ND May Alpha 5.8+1.2' < 1.9 < 1.8 < 2.0 Beta 3.4+ 1.9. < 2.2 - < 2.2 < 2.2 Gamma .N-D ND ND ND June Alpha. . 7.4+ 1.3 < 2.0 < 2.0 < 2.4 Beta 5.0+1.9 < 1.9 < 1.9 < 2.9 Gamma*' ND ND ND ND July Alpha 5.4+1.2 < 2.5 < 2.8 < 2.6 Beta <3.0 3.3+1.8 < 2.8 < 28 Gamma ND ND ND ND August Alpha 4.1 + 1.0 < 2.6 < 2.6 < 2.8 Beta 2.9+.1.8 < 2.9 < 2.9 < 2.9 Gamma ND ND ND ND

September Alpha' 7.4 + 1.2 < 2.8 < 2.8 < 1.6 Beta 3.5+1.8 < 2.8 < 2.8 2.0+0.9 Gam_ a ND ND ND October Alpha 6.9+ 1.3 < 3.3 < 3.0 < 1.6 Beta <3.3 < 3.3 < 3.3 < 1.6 Gamma ND ND ND November Alpha. 6.9+1.2 < 2.7 < 2.6 < 1.5 Beta' <3.0 < 3.0 < 3.0 < 1.5 Gamma

  • ND ND ND December Alpha 5.7+1.2 < 2.8 < 2.8 < 1.6 Beta <3.0 <3.1 < 3.1 < 1.6 Gamma
  • ND ND ND
  • WATER (picoCuries/Liter).

July Alpha < 2.7 < 2.6 < 2.7 < 2.6 Beta < 2.8 <2.8 3.2+1.8 < 2.8 Gamma ND ND ND ND August Alpha < 2.6 < 2.6 < 2.6 < 2.7 Beta < 2.9 < 2.9 < 2.9 < 2.9 Gamma ND ND ND ND September Alpha < 2.8 < 2.9 < 2.8 < 2.9 Beta < 2.9 < 2.8 < 2.9 < 2.9 Gamma ND ND ND October Alpha < 2.7 < 3.0 < 2.6 <2.7

.Beta < 2.8 < 3.3 < 2.8 < 2.8 Gamma ND ND ND ND November Alpha <2.8 < 2.6 < 2.7 < 2.7 Beta <3.0 *<3.0 < 3.0 < 3.0 Gamma ND ND ND ND December Alpha < 2.9 No <2.9 < 2.8 Beta < 3.1 Sample < 3.1 < 3.1 Gamma ND * ** IND ND

  • = Naturally Occurring Radionuclides
    • = River was frozen at this location on both 12/10/2002 and on 12/13/2002.

ND = Below Detection Limits

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