ML031290076

Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2002

ML031290076
Person / Time
Site:	Palo Verde
Issue date:	04/29/2003
From:	Bauer S Arizona Public Service Co
To:	Document Control Desk, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
References
102-04935-SAB/TNW/CJJ
Download: ML031290076 (69)

Text

jLAFS Scott A. Bauer Department Leader Regulatory Affairs Tel 623/393-5978 Mail Station 7636 Palo Verde Nuclear Fax 623/393-5442 P O Box 52034 Generating Station e-mail sbauer@apsc corn Phoenix, AZ 85072-2034 102-04935-SAB/TNW/CJJ April 29, 2003 U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission ATTN: Document Control Desk Mail Station: P1-37 Washington, DC 20555-0001

Subject:

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS)

Units 1, 2, and 3 Docket Nos. STN 50-52815291530 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report 2002 In accordance with PVNGS Technical Specification (TS) 5.6.2, enclosed please find the Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Report for 2002.

No commitments are being made to the NRC in this letter. If you have any questions, please contact Thomas N. Weber at (623) 393-5764.

Sincerely,

-/

1/U fi~, 4nl'-otr SAB/TNW/CJJ/kg S Oh 'cu er Enclosure cc: E. W. Merschoff (all w/o enclosure)

J. N. Donohew N. L. Salgado A member of the STARS (Strategic Teaming and Resource Sharing) Alliance Callaway

• Comanche Peak

• Diablo Canyon

• Palo Verde

• South Texas Project

• Wolf Creek

"-,-- D 5

NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 2002 Digitally signed by: Drinovsky, Louis J(Z33699)

Date: 04/11/2003 07.52:44 Reason: I am the author of this document Location: PVNGS F Prepared by:

Digitally signed by: Gray, Thomas S(Z99610)

Date: 04/11/2003 08:57:59 Reason: I have revie'wed this document Location: PVNGS l Reviewed by:

Digitally signed by: Gaffney, John P(Z36459)

Date: 04/16/2003 15:12:38 Reason: I am approving this document Location: PVNGS Approved by:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. NTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................

.2

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE MONITORING PROGRAM .................................................................... 3 2.1. 2002 PVNGS RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ................................. 3 2.2. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM CHANGES FOR 2002 .......................... 3 2.3. REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS

SUMMARY

................................................................... 4

3. SAMPLE COLLECTION PROGRAM .......................................................................................... 11 3.1. WATER .1 3.2. VEGETATION .......................................................................................... 11 3.3. MILK ............. 1.......................

1l 3.4. AIR .......................................................................................... I1 3.5. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT ................................... ....................................................... 12

4. ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES ............................................................. ............................. 12 4.1. AIR PARTICULATE .......................................................................................... 12 4.1. 1. Gross Beta ......................................................................... 12 4.1.2. Gamma Spectroscopy ......................................................................... 12 4.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE .......................................................................................... 12 4.3. MILK .......................................................................................... 12 4.3.1. Gamma Spectroscopy ........................................................................ 12 4.3.2. I-131 ........................................................................ 13 4.4. VEGETATION .......................................................................................... 13 4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy ........................................................................ 13 4.5. SLUDGE/SEDIMENT .......................................................................................... 13 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy......................................................................................................... 13 4.6. WATER .......................................................................................... 13 4.6.1. Gamma Spectroscopy ........................................................................ 13 4.6.2.

. .. Tritium ................................................................................................................................ 13 4.6.3. Gross Beta ......................................................................... 14 4.7. SOIL .......................................................................................... 14 4.7. 1. Gamma Spectroscopy......................................................................... 14

5. NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTATION ......................................................................... 15 5.1. CANBERRA GAMMA SPECTROMETER ........................................................................ 15 5.2. BECKMAN LIQUID SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETER .................................................................... 15 5.3. TENNELECLB5100 Low BACKGROUND COUNTING SYSTEM ...................... ............................... 15

6. ISOTOPIC DETECTION LIMITS AND REPORTING CRITERIA ................. ............................. 16 6.1. LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION .16 6.2. DATA REPORTING CRITERIA .16 6.3. LLD AND REPORTING CRITERIA OVERVIEW. 17 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

7. INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON PROGRAM ........................................................ 22 7.1. QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM ........................................................ 22 7.2. INTERCOMPARISON RESULTS ........................................................ 22

8. DATA INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ......................................................... 26 8.1. AIR PARTICULATES .. 26 8.2. AIRBORNE RADIOIODINE .. 27 8.3. VEGETATION .. 27 8.4. MILK .. 27 8.5. DRINKING WATER .. 27 8.6. GROUNDWATER .. 27 8.7. SURFACE WATER .. 27 8.8. SLUDGE AND SEDIMENT .. 28 8.8.1. WRF Centrifuge waste sludge............................................................................................. 28 8.8.2. EvaporationPonds #1 and#2 sediment............................................................................. 28 8.8.3. Cooling Tower sludge......................................................................................................... 29 8.9. DATA TRENDS ........................................................ 29

9. THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETER (TLD) RESULTS AND DATA .................................. 50

10. LAND USE CENSUS ........................................................ 56 10.1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................ 56 10.2. CENSUS RESULTS ........................................................ 56

11.

SUMMARY

AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................................ 58

12. REFERENCES ........................................................ 63 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 iii

LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS ...................................................................... 5 TABLE 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE ...................................................................... 6 TABLE 2.3

SUMMARY

OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS .......................................... 7 TABLE 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (A PRIORI) . . 19 TABLE 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS ..................................................................... 20 TABLE 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ..................................................................... 21 TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS ........................................................... 23 TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 1ST - 2ND QUARTER . . 30 TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3RD - 4TH QUARTER . . 31 TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES ............................................. 32 TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 1ST - 2ND QUARTER ....................................................................33 TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3RD - 4TH QUARTER ................................................................. 34 TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION ..................................................................... 35 TABLE 8.7 MILK ...................................................................... 36 TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ..................................................................... 37 TABLE 8.9 GROUNDWATER ..................................................................... 39 TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ..................................................................... 40 TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ..................................................................... 43 TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS ..................................................................... 51 TABLE 9.2 2002 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS ..................................................................... 53 TABLE 10.1 2002 LAND USE CENSUS ..................................................................... 57 TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

..................................................................... 59 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 iv

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1 PVNGS REMP SAMPLE SITES - MAP (0-10 miles) ..................................................... 9 FIGURE 2.2 PVNGS REMP SAMPLE SITES - MAP (0-35 miles) ................................................... 10 FIGURE 8.1 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES) ................ 45 FIGURE 8.2 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS)

COMPARED TO PRE-OP ........................ ................................................ 46 FIGURE 8.3 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER ....................................................................... 47 FIGURE 8.4 SOIL Cs-137 COMPARED TO ONSITE SEDIMENT BASIN #2 ................................. 48 FIGURE 8.5 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY .......................................................... 49 FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES ....................................... 54 FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON - PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2002 ............. 55 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 v

ABSTRACT The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) is an ongoing program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS) for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS).

Various types of environmental samples are collected near PVNGS and analyzed for radionuclide concentrations.

During 2002, the following categories of samples were collected by APS:

• Broad leaf vegetation

. Groundwater

• Drinking water

• Surface water

• Airborne particulate and radioiodine a Goat milk

• Sludge and sediment Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure environmental gamma radiation. The Environmental TLD program is also conducted by APS.

The Arizona. Radiation Regulatory Agency (ARRA) performs radiochemistry analyses on various duplicate samples provided to them by APS. Samples analyzed by ARRA include onsite samples from the Reservoir, two (2) Evaporation Ponds, and two (2) deep wells. Offsite samples analyzed by ARRA includes two (2) local resident wells. ARRA also performs air sampling at seven (7) offsite locations identical to APS and maintains approximately fifty (50) environmental TLD monitoring locations, eighteen (18) of which are duplicates of APS locations.

A comparison of pre-operational and operational data indicates no changes to environmental radiation levels. There were no radiological impacts on the environment due to PVNGS operations in 2002.

(NOTE: Reference to APS throughout this report refers to PVNGS personnel)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 1

OPERATIONAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

1. Introduction This report presents the results of the operational radiological environmental monitoring program conducted by Arizona Public Service Company (APS). The Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program (REMP) was established for the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station (PVNGS) by APS in 1979. The REMP is performed in accordance with the federal requirements to provide a complete environmental monitoring program for nuclear reactors, and with concern for maintaining the quality of the local environment. The program complies with the requirements of 10 CFR50, Appendix I, PVNGS Technical Specifications, and with the guidance provided by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in their Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position, Revision 1, November 1979.

This report contains the measurements and findings for 2002. All references are specifically identified in Section 12.

The objectives of the REMP are as follows: 1) to determine baseline radiation levels in the environs prior to plant operation and to compare the findings with measurements obtained during reactor operations; 2) to monitor potential critical pathways of radio-effluent to man; and 3) to determine radiological impacts on the environment caused by the operation of PVNGS.

Results from the REMP help to evaluate sources of elevated levels of radioactivity in the environment, (e.g., atmospheric nuclear detonations or abnormal plant releases).

Results of the PVNGS pre-operational environmental monitoring program are presented in Reference 1.

The initial criticality of Unit 1 occurred May 25, 1985. Initial criticality for Units 2 and 3 were April 18, 1986, and October 25, 1987, respectively. PVNGS operational findings (historical) are presented in Reference 2.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 2

2. Description of the Monitoring Program APS and vendor organizations performed the pre-operational radiological environmental monitoring program, which began in 1979. APS and vendors continued the program into the operational phase.

2.1. 2002 PVNGS Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program The assessment program consists of routine measurements of background gamma radiation and of radionuclide concentrations in media such as air, groundwater, drinking water, surface water, vegetation, goat milk, sludge, and sediment.

Samples were collected by APS at the monitoring sites shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2.

The specific sample types, sampling locations, and sampling frequencies, as set forth in the PVNGS Offsite Dose Calculation Manual (ODCM), Reference 4, are presented in Tables 2.1, 2.2 and 9.1. Additional onsite sampling (outside the scope of the ODCM) is performed to supplement the REMP. All results are included in this report. Sample analyses were performed by APS at the PVNGS Central Chemistry Laboratory and Eberline Services (goat milk only).

Background gamma radiation measurements were performed by APS using TLDs at forty-eight (48) locations near PVNGS.

In addition to the monitoring of environmental media, a land use census is performed annually to identify the nearest milk animals, residents, gardens, and/or changes thereto, near PVNGS. This information is used to evaluate the potential dose to members of the public for those exposure pathways that are indicated.

2.2. Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program Changes for 2002

• Two (2) vegetation sample locations were changed

• Goat milk sampling/analysis was added

• One (1) air sample location was deleted Refer to Table 2.1 for a description of all current sample locations, including changes in sample locations.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 3

2.3. REMP Deviations/Abnormal Events Summary During calendar year 2002, there were nine (9) deviations/abnormal events with regard to the monitoring program. Refer to Table 2.3 for more detail and any corrective actions taken.

• The as found flow rate at air sample site #4 for the week of 1-22-02 was abnormally low.

• Air sample data for the week of 3-18-02 indicated lower than expected results.

• Air sample data for the week of 4-22-02 indicated lower than expected results.

• Air sample data for the week of 7-16-02 from site #6A was invalid due to power loss.

• The as found flow rate at air sample site #40 for the week of 9-9-02 was abnormally low.

• Initial goat milk samples, obtained in September, were not analyzed by the vendor lab to meet the required LLD for La-140. One sample from November also did not meet the required LLD for La-140.

• The TLDs located at site #3 were missing in the 3 rd quarter.

• Procedure 74RM-OEN09, Quarterly Radiological Environmental Sample Analysis Verification, requires a calculation when multiple radionuclides are present in a sample. The calculation for Evaporation Pond #2 in the second quarter exceeded the threshold value for investigation.

• The vendor lab that analyzed goat milk samples does not perform interlaboratory comparisons for I-131 in milk.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 4

Table 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION LOCATIONS SAMPLE i; P.

S SAMPLETYPE LOCATION LOCATIONDESCRIPTION

_ __ _ _ _ $ \ . . I.,

4--s Air E16 APS Office 6A* Air -SSE13N!"-s-. Old US 80 Air SE8 41 Arlington School (deleted at end of year)

.i4A . Air 3715t Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.

15 - Air NE Site Boundary 17A Air E3 rsR>~gN 3515t Ave.

21 r Air IS3" - S . S Site Boundary Air W Site Boundary 35- Air ONNSW8 Tonopah 4gs. - .E

.40 Air N2 , s Transmission Rd Drinking water NW9. McArthur residence 47" Vegetation (b) qNNE2 Wr. Branch residence (changed to McCoy Residence, ESE4, as of August, 2002) 48 Drinking water Berryman residence 49, Drinking water Chowanec residence 51t Milk (b) NE4t.XX -S Painter residence-goats (new location)

Vegetation (b) ESE4s9Es Hallman residence (changed to Chowanec residence, N2, as of August, 2002)

Milk (b) vENE24 -^ r. Barber residence-goats (new location) 55 Drinking water jSW3 .s4. g,4 Gavette residence (supplemental) 57, Groundwater Well 27ddc 63*0 Groundwater LONSITE taw<< Well 34abb 59' Surface water ~ONSITE Evaporation Pond #1 60 Surface water Reservoir Vegetation ENE26 fS < Duncan Family Farms Surface water ONSITE g. Evaporation Pond #2 NOTES:

• Designates a control site (a) Distances and direction are from the center-line of Unit 2 containment and rounded to the nearest mile (b) Denotes a change in location Air sample sites designated with the letter 'A' are sites that have the same site number as a TLD location, but are not in the same location (e.g. site #6 TLD location is different from site #6A air sample location; site #4 TLD location is the same as site #4 air sample location)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 5

Table 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION SCHEDULE SAMPLE AIR AIRBORNE GROUND DRINKING SURFACE SITE # PARTICULATE MILK RADIO1DINE VEGETATION WA TER WA TER WA TER 4 W W 6A W W 7A W W 14A W W 15 W W 17A W W 21 W W 29 W W 35 W W 40 W W 46 W 47 M/AA 48 W 49 W 51 M/AA 52 M/AA 53 M/AA 55 w 57 Q 58 Q 59 W 60 W 62 M/AA 63 W W = WEEKLY M/AA = MONTHLY AS AVAILABLE Q = QUARTERLY PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 6

TABLE 2.3

SUMMARY

OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS Deviation/Abnormal Event Actions taken

1. The as found flow rate at air sample site #4 1. Sample was invalidated due to low flow rate.

for the week of 1-22-02 was abnormally low Subsequent sample was normal and no further (13 SLPM). actions were deemed necessary.

2. Air sample data for the week of 3-18-02 2. It was determined that the lower results were indicated lower than expected results and a due to increased dust loading from high percent relative standard deviation. windy/dusty conditions that week. No further actions are necessary.

3. Air sample data for the week of 4-22-02 3. It was determined that the lower results were indicated lower than expected results and a due to increased dust loading from high percent relative standard deviation. windy/dusty conditions that week. It was further determined that when sample pumps were rebuilt in the 4th quarter of 2001, sample heads were changed from a horizontal to a vertical configuration, exacerbating the problem. CIR #2514063 documented the issue. Action taken was to restore all air sample heads to the previous horizontal position.

4. Air sample data for the week of 7-16-02 from 4. The power outage was due to storm damage.

site #6A was invalid due to power loss. Power was restored and no further actions were necessary.

5. The as found flow rate at air sample site #40 5. Sample was invalidated due to low flow rate.

for the week of 9-9-02 was abnormally low Subsequent sample was normal and no further (21 SLPM). actions were deemed necessary.

6. Initial goat milk samples, obtained in 6. Vendor was notified and September samples September, were not analyzed by the vendor were recounted for 63 hours7.291667e-4 days <br />0.0175 hours <br />1.041667e-4 weeks <br />2.39715e-5 months <br />, but still did not lab to meet the required LLD for La-140. One meet the required LLD of 15 pCi/liter.

sample from November also did not meet the Subsequent samples from October met all required LLD for La-140. LLD requirements. The November sample MDA was 15.8 pCi/liter, slightly above the required LLD. This was again discussed with the vendor to prevent future occurrences. The possibility of analyzing samples onsite is being considered.

(continued on next page)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 7

TABLE 2.3

SUMMARY

OF REMP DEVIATIONS/ABNORMAL EVENTS Deviation/Abnormal Event Actions taken (continued) (continued)

7. The TLDs located at site #3 was missing in 7. The TLDs were replaced and not missing in the 3r quarter. the 4 th quarter. No further actions were necessary.

8. Procedure 74RM-OEN09, Quarterly 8. The largest component of the calculation was Radiological Environmental Sample Analysis the I-131 contribution. The I-131 in Verification, requires a calculation when Evaporation Ponds has been proven to multiple radionuclides are present in a originate in the Phoenix sewage effluent and sample. The calculation for Evaporation Pond is not a plant effluent. No ODCM reporting

1. 2 in the second quarter exceeded the levels were exceeded. The condition was threshold value for investigation. evaluated in CRDR No. 2543013. No additional actions are required.

9. The vendor lab that analyzed goat milk 9. The existing Purchase Order requires that the samples beginning in September 2002 does lab analyze interlab comparison samples for not perform interlaboratory comparisons for all sample media types analyzed as part of the 1-131 in milk. REMP. It was identified on 2-20-03 that this is not occurring. Discussion with lab personnel indicates that this radionuclide/matrix combination has not been available since the EPA PES program was discontinued several years ago. Eberline did analyze cross-checks that included I-131 in water. CRDR No. 2585801 was initiated to determine the appropriate corrective actions and is still open.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 8

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&Schools Located T Thermoluminescent 0 Sample Sites 0-35 Miles Dosimeters (TLD)

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3. Sample Collection Program APS personnel using PVNGS procedures collected all samples.

3.1. Water Weekly samples were collected from the Reservoir, Evaporation Pond #1, Evaporation Pond #2, and four (4) residence wells. Samples were collected in one-gallon cubitainers and 500 ml glass bottles. One liter of each weekly one-gallon sample was added to a monthly composite, which is preserved with nitric acid (HNO3 ). The composite samples were then analyzed for gamma-emitters. Residence wells were also analyzed for gross beta activity. Weekly grab samples in glass bottles were composited quarterly and analyzed for tritium.

Quarterly grab samples were collected from onsite wells 34abb and 27ddc. Samples were collected in one-gallon cubitainers and 500 ml glass bottles. Samples were analyzed for gamma-emitters and tritium.

Treated sewage effluent from the City of Phoenix was sampled as a weekly composite at the onsite Water Reclamation Facility (WRF), and analyzed for gamma-emitters. A monthly composite was analyzed for tritium.

3.2. Vegetation Vegetation samples were collected monthly, as available, and were analyzed for gamma-emitters.

3.3. Milk The 2002 Land Use Census identified milk animals (goats) at a location that required sampling Milk samples were collected monthly (beginning in September), as available, and were analyzed for gamma-emitters and low level I-13 1.

3.4. Air Air particulate filters and charcoal cartridges were collected at ten (10) sites on a weekly basis. Particulate filters were analyzed for gross beta. Charcoal cartridges were analyzed for 1-131. Particulate filters were composited quarterly, by location, and analyzed for gamma-emitters.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 11

3.5. Sludge and Sediment Sludge samples were obtained weekly from the WRF waste centrifuge (whenever the plant was operational) and analyzed for gamma-emitters. Samples were collected using 1000 ml plastic bottles.

Cooling tower sludge from Units 1 and 2 was disposed of in the WRF Sludge Landfill in 2002. Samples were analyzed for gamma-emitters.

Bottom sediment/sludge samples were obtained from Evaporation Pond #1 and #2 and analyzed for gamma-emitters. Samples were collected from a boat at various locations using a bucket to preserve the integrity of the pond liners.

4. Analytical Procedures The procedures described in this report are those used by APS to routinely analyze samples.

4.1. Air Particulate 4.1.1. Gross Beta A glass fiber filter sample is placed in a stainless steel planchet and counted for gross beta activity utilizing a low-background gas flow, proportional counter.

4.1.2. Gamma Spectroscopy The glass fiber filters are placed in a standard geometry container and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides, if present, are identified and quantified.

4.2. Airborne Radioiodine The charcoal cartridge is counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with an HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and I-131, if present, is identified and quantified.

4.3. Milk 4.3.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 12

is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides, if present, are identified and quantified.

4.3.2. I-131 (Low-level)

The sample is reduced with sodium bisulfite and iodine is absorbed by anion resin. The iodine is eluted from the resin, extracted from the sample, and then back extracted and precipitated onto a filter. The precipitate is counted and the I-131 is quantified.

4.4. Vegetation 4.4.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is pureed in a food processor, placed in a one liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides, if present, are identified and quantified.

4.5. Sludge/Sediment 4.5.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The wet/dry sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides, if present, are identified and quantified.

4.6. Water 4.6.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The sample is placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, weighed, and counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides if present, are identified and quantified.

4.6.2. Tritium The sample is evaluated to determine the appropriate method of preparation prior to counting. If the sample contains suspended solids or is turbid, it may be filtered, distilled, and/or de-ionized, as appropriate. Eight (8) milliliters of sample are mixed with fifteen (15) milliliters of liquid scintillation cocktail.

The mixture is dark adapted and counted for tritium activity using a liquid scintillation counting system.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 13

4.6.3. Gross Beta A 200-250 milliliter sample is placed in a beaker. Five (5) milliliters of concentrated nitric (HNO 3 ) acid is added and the sample is evaporated down to about twenty (20) milliliters. The remaining sample is quantitatively transferred to a stainless steel planchet. The sample is heated to dryness and counted for gross beta in a gas flow, proportional counter.

4.7. Soil 4.7.1. Gamma Spectroscopy The samples are sieved, placed in a one-liter plastic marinelli beaker, and weighed. The samples are then counted on a multichannel analyzer equipped with a HPGe detector. The resulting spectrum is analyzed by computer and specific radionuclides if present, are identified and quantified.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 14

5. Nuclear Instrumentation 5.1. Canberra Gamma Spectrometer The Gamma Spectrometer consists of a Canberra System equipped with intrinsic detectors having resolutions of 1.73 keV and 1.88 keV (as determined by full width half max with an energy of 0.5 keV per channel) and respective efficiencies of 21.5%

and 38.4% (as determined by the manufacturer with Co-60). The Canberra System is used for all gamma counting. The system uses Canberra developed software (automatic radionuclide analysis) to search and identify, as well as quantify, the peaks of interest.

5.2. Beckman Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer A Beckman LS-6500 Liquid Scintillation Counter is used for tritium determinations.

The system background averages approximately 15-17 cpm with a counting efficiency of about 40% using a quenched standard.

5.3. Tennelec LB5100 Low Background Counting System The LB5100 is a low background, gas flow proportional counter. The system contains an automatic sample changer capable of counting 50 samples in succession. Average beta background count rate is about 1-2 cpm with a beta efficiency of about 30% (Cs-137).

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 15

6. Isotopic Detection Limits and Reporting Criteria 6.1. Lower Limits of Detection The lower limits of detection (LLD) and the method for calculation are specified in the PVNGS ODCM, Reference 4. The ODCM required a priori LLDs are presented in Table 6.1. For reference, a priori LLDs are indicated at the top of data tables for samples having required LLD values.

6.2. Data Reporting Criteria All results that are greater than the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) (a posteriori LLD) are reported as positive activity with its associated 2a counting error. All results that are less than the MDA are reported as less than values at the associated MDA. For example, if the MDA is 12 pCi/liter, the value is reported as <12.

Typical MDA values are presented in Table 6.3.

Occasionally the PVNGS ODCM a priori LLDs may not be achieved as a result of:

• Background fluctuations

• Unavoidably small sample sizes

• The presence of interfering radionuclides

• Self absorption corrections

• Decay corrections for short half-life radionuclides

• Other uncontrollable circumstances In these instances, the contributing factors will be noted in the table where the data are presented. A summary of deviations/abnormal events is presented in Table 2.3 and includes a description of any sample results that did not meet a priori LLD requirements.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 16

6.3. LLD and Reporting Criteria Overview Making a reasonable estimate of the limits of detection for a counting procedure or a radiochemical method is usually complicated by the presence of significant background. It must be considered that the background or blank is not a fixed value but that a series of replicates would be normally distributed. The desired net activity is thus the difference between the gross and background activity distributions. The interpretation of this difference becomes a problem if the two distributions intersect as indicated in the diagram.

BACKGROUND GROSS If a sufficient number of replicate analyses are run, it is to be expected that the results would fall in a normal Gaussian Distribution. Standard statistics allow an estimate of the probability of any particular deviation from the mean value. It is common practice to report the mean + one or two standard deviations as the result. In routine analysis, such replication is not carried out, and it is not possible to report a Gaussian standard deviation. With counting procedures, however, it is possible to estimate a Poisson standard deviation directly from the count. Data is commonly reported as the measured value + one or two Poisson standard deviations. The reported values are then considered to give some indication of the range in which the true value might be expected to occur.

The simplest possible case to consider would be one where the background is negligible and the sample activity is zero. It is sometimes not realized that if a series of counts is taken on such a system, half of the net values should be less than zero.

Negative counts are not possible, of course. However, when there is an appreciable background, the entire scale is raised. The resulting situation: half of the sample counts on a zero activity sample would be less than background. The negative net counts occur frequently in low-level measurements, causing considerable concern. Actually, such results are to be expected.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 17

A LLD is the smallest amount of sample activity that will yield a net count for which there is confidence at a predetermined level that activity is present. LLDs are calculated values for individual radionuclides based on a number of different factors including sample size, counting efficiency and background count rate of the instrument, the background and sample counting time, the decay time, and the chemical recovery of the analytical procedures. A minimum detectable activity value (MDA) is the smallest amount of activity that can be detected in an actual sample and uses the values obtained from the instrument and outcome of the analytical process.

Therefore, the MDA values may differ from the calculated LLD values if the sample size and chemical recovery, decay values, or the instrument efficiency, background, or count time differed from those used in the LLD calculation.

The factors governing the calculation of the LLD and MDA values are discussed below:

1. Sample Size

2. Counting Efficiency The fundamental quantity in the measurement of a radioactive substance is the number of disintegrations per unit time. As with most physical measurements in analytical chemistry, it is seldom possible to make an absolute measurement of the disintegration rate, but rather it is necessary to compare the sample with one or more standards. The standards determine the counter efficiency that may then be used to convert sample counts per minute (cpm) to disintegrations per minute (dpm).

3. Background Count Rate Any counter will show a certain counting rate without a sample in position. This background counting rate comes from several sources: 1) natural environmental radiation from the surroundings, 2) cosmic radiation, and 3) the natural radioactivity in the counter material itself. The background counting rate will depend on the amounts of these types of radiation and the sensitivity of the counter to the radiation.

4. Background and Sample Counting Time The amount of time devoted to the counting of the background depends on the level of activity being measured. In general, with low-level samples, this time should be about equal to that devoted to counting a sample.

5. Time Interval between Sample Collection and Counting Decay measurements are useful in identifying certain short-lived isotopes. The disintegration constant is one of the basic characteristics of a specific radionuclide and is readily determined, if the half-life is sufficiently short. In order to ensure the required LLDs are achieved, appropriate values are used in decay correction to allow for transit time and sample processing.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 18

Table 6.1 ODCM REQUIRED LOWER LIMITS OF DETECTION (a priori)

AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ WATER PARTICULATE or MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCi/liter) GAS (pCi/m 3 ) (pCi/liter) (pCi/kg, wet) gross beta 4 0.01 Tritium 2000*

Mn-54 15 Fe-59 30 Co-58, 60 15 Zn-65 30 Zr-95 30 Nb-95 15 I-131 1** 0.07 1 60 Cs-134 15 0.05 15 60 Cs-137 18 0.06 18 80 Ba-140 60 60 La-140 15 15 NOTES:

• If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 3000 pCi/liter may be used.

• • If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 15 pCi/liter may be used.

This list does not mean that only these nuclides are to be detected and reported. Other peaks that are measurable and identifiable, together with the above nuclides, shall also be identified and reported.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 19

Table 6.2 ODCM REQUIRED REPORTING LEVELS AIRBORNE ANALYSIS/ WATER PARTICULATE MILK VEGETATION NUCLIDE (pCihliter) or GAS (pCi/m 3 ) (pCi/liter) (pCilkg, wet)

Tritium 20,000*

Mn-54 1,000 Fe-59 400 Co-58 1,000 Co-60 300 Zn-65 300 Zr/Nb-95 400 1-131 2** 0.9 3 100 Cs-134 30 10 60 1,000 Cs-i 37 50 20 70 2,000 Ba/La-140 200 300 NOTES:

• For drinking water samples. This is a 40CFR141 value. If no drinking water pathway exists, a value of 30,000 pCi/liter may be used.

• • If no drinking water pathway exists, a reporting level of 20 pCi/liter may be used.

The values in this table are (calendar) quarterly average values, as stated in the ODCM.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 20

Table 6.3 TYPICAL MDA VALUES ANALYSIS/ AIRBORNE VEGETATION NUCLIDE WATER MILK PARTICULATE or (pCilkg, wet)

(pCi/liter) (pCi/liter) GAS (pCi/mn3 )

gross beta 3 0.007 Tritium 280 Mn-54 11 Fe-59 20 Co-58 9 Co-60 10 Zn-65 22 Zr-95 17 Nb-95 11 1-131 10a 0.3 0.04b 40 Cs-134 11 12 0.02 40 Cs-137 12 9 0.02 60 Ba-140 40 23 La-140 10 11 NOTES:

a - low level l-13 1 is not required since there is no drinking water pathway b - based on 433 m 3 volume PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 21

7. Interlaboratory Comparison Program 7.1. Quality Control Program APS maintains an extensive QA/QC Program that provides certainty that samples are collected, handled, tracked, and analyzed to specified requirements. This program includes appropriate elements of USNRC Regulatory Guide 4.15, Quality Assurance for Radiological Monitoring Programs (Normal Operations) - Effluent Streams and the Environment, Rev. 1. Included in the program are procedures for sample collection, preparation and tracking, sample analysis, equipment calibration and checks, and ongoing participation in an interlaboratory comparison program. Duplicate/replicate samples are analyzed routinely to verify analytical precision and sample methodology.

Comprehensive data reviews are performed including trending of data where appropriate.

During 2002, APS analyzed the following sample types under the interlaboratory comparison program;

• Beta/Gamma/ in Air Filter

• I-131 in Air

• Beta in Water

• Gamma in Water

• Tritium in Water 7.2. Intercomparison Results APS participates in a crosscheck program using vendor supplied blind radionuclide samples (Analytics and Environmental Resources Associates). Eberline, Inc.

participates in the DOE-MAP program. Results for the interlaboratory comparison programs are presented in Table 7.1 It was identified in February, 2003, that Eberline Services did not perform interlaboratory cross-checks for I-131 in milk in 2002. This discrepancy has been documented in the corrective action process as CRDR No. 2585801.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 22

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS l Samle ll Analysis lll lnwlPNSlIsgalReouinl Type l Type Units Nuclide Value Value Error

• Ratio CCEPREJECT Mixed Gamma pCi/liter Ce-141 106 125 11.0 11 1.18 ACCEPT E3429-111 Cr-51 331 375 51.0 7 1.13 ACCEPT Cs-134 95 82 5.0 16 0.86 ACCEPT Cs-137 210 212 13.0 16 1.01 ACCEPT Co-58 133 127 9.0 14 0.95 ACCEPT Mn-54 136 143 9.0 16 1.05 ACCEPT Water Fe-59 69 80 11.0 7 1.16 ACCEPT Zn-65 171 174 12.0 15 1.02 ACCEPT Co-60 157 158 9.0 18 1.01 ACCEPT Tritium pCi/liter 11967 10286 150.0 69 0.86 ACCEPT E3314-111 Gross Beta pCi/liter 189 133 9.0 15 0.70 ACCEPT E3428-111 Iodine pCi/cartridge I-131 96 87 11.0 8 0.91 ACCEPT E3431-111 Gross Beta pCi/filter 124 161 6.0 27 1.30 ACCEPT E3430-111 Air Mixed Gamma pCi/filter Ce-141 63 79 12.0 7 1.25 ACCEPT E3432-111 Cr-51 196 181 27.0 7 0.92 ACCEPT Cs-134 56 52 4.0 13 0.93 ACCEPT Cs-137 125 139 8.0 17 1.11 ACCEPT Co-58 79 91 7.0 13 1.15 ACCEPT Mn-54 81 97 7.0 14 1.20 ACCEPT Fe-59 41 54 8.0 7 1.32 ACCEPT Zn-65 101 127 9.0 14 1.26 ACCEPT Co-60 93 108 6.0 18 1.16 ACCEPT

• calculated from PVNGS value/I sigma error value NRC Acceptance Criteria (a)

Resolution Ratio 4-7 0.5-2.0 8-15 0.6-1.66 16-50 0.75-1.33 51-200 0.80-1.25

>200 0.85-1.18 (a) From NRC Inspection Manual, procedure #84750, "Radioactive Waste Systems; Water Chemistry; Confirmatory Measurements PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 23

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS Sample Analysis Known PVNGSl I sigma [Resolution Type Type Units Nuclide Value Value Error

• 1Ratio ACCEPT/REJECT

====L1- - -

Mixed Gamma pCi/liter Ce-141 214 214 14.0 15 1.00 ACCEPT E3310-111 Cr-51 304 339 55.0 6 1.12 ACCEPT Cs-134 176 158 9.0 18 0.90 ACCEPT Cs-137 169 179 11.0 16 1.06 ACCEPT Co-58 130 128 9.0 14 0.98 ACCEPT Mn-54 204 224 14.0 16 1.10 ACCEPT Water Fe-59 119 134 15.0 9 1.13 ACCEPT Zn-65 251 291 17.0 17 1.16 ACCEPT Co-60 199 196 10.0 20 0.98 ACCEPT Gross Beta pCi/liter 228 l 291 l 6.0 49 1.28 ACCEPT E3309-1 11 Gross Beta pCi/filter 82 l 88 1.0 88 1.07 ACCEPT E3311-1 11 Mixed Gamma pCi/filter Ce-141 88 86 6.0 14 0.98 ACCEPT E3313-111 Cr-51 125 191 68.0 3 1.53 ACCEPT Cs-134 73 69 5.0 14 0.95 ACCEPT Cs-137 70 78 5.0 16 1.11 ACCEPT Co-58 53 63 5.0 13 1.19 ACCEPT Mn-54 84 98 6.0 16 1.17 ACCEPT Fe-59 49 52 9.0 6 1.06 ACCEPT Zn-65 103 123 7.0 18 1.19 ACCEPT Co-60 82 88 4.0 22 1.07 ACCEPT

• calculated from PVNGS value/l sigma error value NRC Acceptance Criteria (a)

Resolution Ratio 4-7 0.5-2.0 8-15 0.6-1.66 16-50 0.75-1.33 51-200 0.80-1.25

>200 0.85-1.18 (a) From NRC Inspection Manual, procedure #84750, "Radioactive Waste Systems; Water Chemistry; Confirmatory Measurements PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 24

TABLE 7.1 INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON RESULTS ERA RAD-48 Study Results.. .6/2002 Sample Analysis Type Nuclide PVNGS Certified QC PT Results Type Value Value Acceptance Acceptance Limits Limits Water Mixed Gamma Co-60 59.6 59.7 53.9 - 65.5 51.0 - 68.4 ACCEPT Zn-65 87.8 78.9 69.8 - 88.0 65.2 - 92.6 ACCEPT Ba-133 67.6 69.3 61.3 - 77.3 57.3 -81.3 ACCEPT Cs-134 88.5 93.9 88.1 - 99.7 85.2 - 102.6 ACCEPT Cs-137 46.1 42.2 36.4 -48.0 33.5 - 50.9 ACCEPT ERA RAD-49 Study Results...7/2002 Water Gamma I-131 32.8 29.8 26.3 - 33.3 24.6 -35.0 ACCEPT ERA RAD-50 Study Results.. .8/2002 Water I Gross Beta 27.5 21.9 16.1 -27.7 13.2 - 30.6 ACCEPT ERA RAD-51 Study Results... 11/2002 Water Gamma 1-131 7.99 l 6.76 NA 3.3 - 10.2 ACCEPT Water Gross Beta 48.1 47 NA 38.3 - 55.7 ACCEPT Water Tritium 8731 10200 l NA 8440- 12000 ACCEPT DOE-MAP Known Lab Radionuclide Value Result Acceptable Range Accept/Reject (MAPEP-02-S9)

Cs-134 2.33E+04 2.30E+04 1.63E+04-3.03E+04 ACCEPT Cs-137 3.OOE+03 2.81 E+03 2.1 OE+03-3.90E+03 ACCEPT Co-60 2.37E+03 2.33E+03 1.66E+03-3.07E+03 ACCEPT Mn-54 1.48E+04 1.48E+04 1.03E+04-1.92E+04 ACCEPT Zn-65 2.12E+04 2.29E+04 1.79E+03-2.84E+04 ACCEPT (MAPEP-01-W9)

Cs-134 7.70E+02 7.77E+02 5.39E+02-1.OOE+03 ACCEPT Cs- 137 7.73E+03 7.33E+03 5.41 E+03- 1.OOE+04 ACCEPT Co-60 3.81 E+03 3.82E+03 2.67E+03-4.95E+03 ACCEPT Mn-54 6.65E+03 6.70E+03 4.65E+03-8.64E+03 ACCEPT Zn-65 1.82E+03 2.00E+03 1.27E+03-2.36E+03 ACCEPT PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 25

8. Data Interpretations and Conclusions Associated with the analytical process are potential random and systematic errors. Systematic errors can be caused by instrument malfunctions, incomplete precipitation, and back scattering and self-absorption. Random errors are beyond the control of the analyst and are caused by the random nature of radioactive decay.

Efforts are made to eliminate both systematic and random errors in the data reported.

Systematic errors are eliminated by performing reviews throughout the analysis. For example, instruments are checked routinely with radioactive sources and recovery and self-absorption factors based on individual sample analyses are incorporated into the calculation equations where necessary. Random errors are reduced by comparing all data to historical data for the same site and performing cross comparisons between analytical results when available. In addition, when data do not appear to match historical results, analyses may be rerun on a separate aliquot of the sample to verify the presence of the activity. The acceptance of data is dependent upon the results of quality control samples and is part of the data review process for all analytical results.

The "plus or minus value" reported with each analytical result represents the counting error associated with the result and gives the 95% confidence (2a) interval around the data.

Most samples contain radioactivity associated with natural background/cosmic radioactivity (e.g. K-40, Th-234, and Be-7). Gross beta results for drinking water and air are due to natural background. Gamma-emitting nuclides, which can be attributed to natural background sources, are not indicated in this report.

Results and interpretation of the data for all of the samples analyzed during 2002 are presented in the following sections. Assessment of pre-operational and operational data revealed no changes to environmental radiation levels. There were no radiological impacts on the environment due to PVNGS operations in 2002.

8.1. Air Particulates Weekly gross beta results, in quarterly format, are presented in Tables 8.1 and 8.2.

Historical trend graphs are depicted in Figures 8.1 and 8.2. Gross beta activity ranged from 0.006 to 0.086 pCi/M3 . The associated counting error ranged from 0.001 to 0.004 pCi/M3 . Mean quarterly activity is calculated using weekly activity, normally over a thirteen (13) week period, except for those samples marked invalid. Also presented in the tables are the weekly mean values of all the sites as well as the percent relative standard deviation (RSD %) of the data. The findings are consistent with pre-operational baseline and previous operational results. Figure 8.2 shows the results of the gross beta in air from the pre-operational phase compared to the 1991-2002 gross beta in air results. As can be seen, the indicator sites trend consistently with the control site. The results are summarized in Table 11.1.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 26

Table 8.3 displays the results of gamma spectroscopy on the quarterly composites. No Cs-134 or Cs-137 was observed.

8.2. Airborne Radioiodine Tables 8.4 and 8.5 present the quarterly radioiodine results. No airborne radioiodine was observed in any of the samples.

8.3. Vegetation Table 8.6 presents gamma isotopic data for the vegetation samples. No gamma-emitting nuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.4. Milk Table 8.7 presents gamma isotopic and low level I-131 data for the goat milk samples.

No I-131 or other gamma-emitting nuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.5. Drinking Water Samples were analyzed for gross beta, tritium, and gamma-emitting nuclides. Results of these analyses are presented in Table 8.8. No tritium or gamma-emitting nuclides were detected in any samples. Gross beta activity ranged from less than detectable, to a high of 19.8 pCi/liter (Chowanec residence, October composite).

8.6. Groundwater Groundwater samples were analyzed for tritium and gamma-emitting nuclides. Results obtained from the analysis of the samples are presented in Table 8.9.

No tritium or gamma-emitting nuclides were observed in any of the samples.

8.7. Surface Water Surface water samples from the Reservoir and Evaporation Ponds were analyzed for tritium and gamma-emitting nuclides. The Reservoir contains processed sewage water from the City of Phoenix and is approximately 80 acres in size. The two Evaporation Ponds receive mostly circulating water from main turbine condenser cooling and are about 250 acres each. Results are presented in Table 8.10. I-131 was observed in Evaporation Pond # 2 in one (1) of the monthly composite samples (12 pCi/liter) and two (2) of the Reservoir monthly composite samples (6 and 9 pCi/liter). The 1-131 is a result of radiopharmaceutical 1-131 in the Phoenix sewage effluent. Low levels of Cs-137 (12 and 13 pCi/liter) were observed in Evaporation Pond #2 in two (2) of the monthly composite samples. These concentrations were consistent with previous results.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 27

Tritium was routinely observed in Evaporation Ponds 1 and 2. The highest concentration in Evaporation Pond #1 was 1177 pCi/liter and the highest concentration in Evaporation Pond #2 was 1143 pCi/liter. Tritium was not identified in the Reservoir. The tritium identified in the Evaporation Ponds has been attributed to plant gaseous effluent releases.

WRF influent (Phoenix sewage effluent) samples collected by the WRF were analyzed for gamma-emitting nuclides and tritium. The results, presented in Table 8.10, demonstrate that I-131 was observed routinely. The highest I-131 concentration was 55 pCi/liter (week of January 15th). The results are consistent with assays from the previous years. None of the samples analyzed indicated the presence of tritium.

Table 8.10 also presents gamma spectroscopy and tritium measurements of samples collected from Sedimentation Basin #2. This basin collects rain waters from site runoff and was dry for most of the year. No tritium or gamma-emitting nuclides were observed in any of the three (3) samples.

8.8. Sludge and Sediment 8.8.1. WRF Centrifuge waste sludge Sludge samples were obtained from the WRF centrifuge and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy. The I-131 in the WRF waste centrifuge sludge is consistent with historical values and, as previously discussed, is due to radiopharmaceuticals in the WRF influent. I-131 was present in all fifty-two (52) samples ranging from 347 to 2000 pCi/kg.

In-l 1 was also identified in the sludge in forty-one (41) of the samples. This is about a 30% increase from previous years. The highest concentration was 120 pCi/kg. It was previously established that In-l 1 is in use in the Phoenix area as a radiopharmaceutical. Results for WRF centrifuge waste sludge can be found in Table 8.11.

8.8.2. Evaporation Ponds #1 and #2 sediment A set of ten (10) Evaporation Pond samples, five (5) from each pond, indicated low levels of Co-60 and Cs-137 in Evaporation Pond #2. The concentrations were consistent with historical values. Evaporation Pond #1 results were all <MDA. Sample results can be found in Table 8.11.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 28

8.8.3. Cooling Tower sludge Sludge originating from the Units 1 and 2 cooling towers and/or circulating water canals was disposed of in the WRF landfill during 2002. The following table presents a summary of the gamma spectroscopy results from the sludge samples.

DATE UNIT APPROXIMATE ISOTOPE ACTIVITY RANGE (pCi/liter) and VOLUME (yd 3 ) fraction of samples above the MDA Mn-54 <MDA-53 (1 of 32 samples) 1-2-02 2 319 Co-60 987-2650 (32 of 32 samples)

Cs-134 <MDA-48 (1 of 32 samples)

Cs-137 <MDA-234 (30 of 32 samples)

Sb-125 <MDA-1 17 (2 of 32 samples) 6-21-02 1 14 Co-60 <MDA-71 (12 of 32 samples) 8-14-02 1 294 10-3-02 1 3 Cs-137 <MDA-65 (17 of 32 samples)

Mn-54 53-105 (30 of 30 samples) 3-27-02 2 94 Co-60 1030-2550 (30 of 30 samples)

Cs-134 186-1280 (30 of 30 samples)

Cs-137 366-2670 (30 of 30 samples) 8.9. Data Trends Figures 8.1-8.5 present data in graphical format. Where practical, historical data are displayed for comparison.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 29

TABLE 8.1 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 1st - 2nd QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/M3 1st Quarter (control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week# DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean M%

1 26-Dec-01 2-Jan-02 0.060 0.060 0.062 0.055 0.055 0.046 0.038 0.058 0.053 0.056 0.054 13.4 2 2-Jan-02 8-Jan-02 0.042 0.039 0.041 0.033 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.036 0.031 0.034 0.036 9.9 3 8-Jan-02 14-Jan-02 0.049 0.044 0.046 0.040 0.037 0.040 0.037 0.043 0.038 0.040 0.041 9.7 4 14-Jan-02 22-Jan-02 invalid (a) 0.053 0.060 0.048 0.045 0.048 0.049 0.046 0.049 0.048 0.050 9.1 5 22-Jan-02 28-Jan-02 0.036 0.034 0.036 0.036 0.028 0.029 0.030 0.033 0.035 0.036 0.033 9.5 6 28-Jan-02 4-Feb-02 0.032 0.026 0.029 0.026 0.024 0.025 0.028 0.024 0.026 0.025 0.027 9.5 7 4-Feb-02 11-Feb-02 0.035 0.034 0.040 0.034 0.032 0.032 0.031 0.036 0.036 0.037 0.035 7.8 8 11 -Feb-02 18-Feb-02 0.053 0.060 0.058 0.048 0.051 0.052 0.046 (b) 0.052 0.052 0.052 0.053 6.9 9 18-Feb-02 25-Feb-02 0.023 0.025 0.028 0.022 0.020 0.022 0.028 0.023 0.025 0.022 0.024 11.2 10 25-Feb-02 4-Mar-02 0.037 0.032 0.038 0.033 0.033 0.034 0.029 0.034 0.033 0.030 0.033 8.3 I11 4-Mar-02 11-Mar-02 0.031 0.026 0.034 0.030 0.028 0.029 0.033 0.032 0.029 0.032 0.030 8.1 12 11 -Mar-02 18-Mar-02 (c) 0.013 0.023 0.023 0.024 0.022 0.023 0.010 0.012 0.019 0.024 0.019 28.5 13 18-Mar-02 25-Mar-02 0.025 0.027 0.028 0.027 0.029 0.029 0.024 0.027 0.028 0.030 0.027 6.7 Mean 0.036 0.037 0.040 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.031 0.035 0.035 0.036 0.035 6.8

-1At1 v1- vet1 ,

I - 2nd Quarter- -

(control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # .1 DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)

14 25-Mar-02 1-Apr-02 0.033 0.029 0.034 0.033 0.031 0.029 0.030 0.032 0.031 0.026 0.031 7.8 15 I-Apr-02 9-Apr-02 0.029 0.030 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.032 0.029 0.034 0.034 0.034 0.032 6.2 16 9-Apr-02 15-Apr-02 0.036 0.033 0.036 0.039 0.035 0.031 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.031 0.035 7.0 17 15-Apr-02 22-Apr-02 (d) 0.020 0.024 0.027 0.013 0.017 0.013 0.006 0.027 0.007 0.008 0.016 49.8 18 22-Apr-02 29-Apr-02 0.027 0.023 0.025 0.024 0.026 0.024 0.021 0.018 0.021 0.023 0.023 11.5 19 29-Apr-02 6-May-02 0.031 0.028 0.031 0.029 0.030 0.028 0.029 0.031 0.035 0.029 0.030 6.9 20 6-May-02 13-May-02 0.017 0.034 0.029 0.029 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.029 0.032 0.028 0.030 16.4 21 13-May-02 20-May-02 0.030 0.030 0.033 0.030 0.030 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.031 4.9 22 20-May-02 28-May-02 0.024 0.022 0.023 0.025 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.024 0.023 0.023 0.024 4.1 23 28-May-02 3-Jun-02 0.035 0.034 0.035 0.033 0 034 0.034 0.034 0.036 0.036 0.032 0.034 3.6 24 3-Jun-02 10-Jun-02 0.039 0.040 0.044 0.039 0.042 0.043 0.041 0.041 0.041 0.033 0.040 7.5 25 10-Jun-02 17-Jun-02 0.028 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.029 0.029 0.027 0.029 0.030 0.028 0.029 2.9 26 17-Jun-02 24-Jun-02 0.028 0.025 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.028 0.025 0.027 0.027 4.0 Mean 0.029 0.029 0.031 0.029 0.030 0.029 0.028 0.030 0.029 0.027 0.029 3.9 (a) As found flow rate was 13 SLPM so sample was invalidated per procedure. (b) Sample collected on 2-19-02 due to road construction.

(c) Increased dust loading this week resulted in some samples indicating lower than expected results.

(d) Increased dust loading this week due to construction and high winds/dusty conditions. CIR #2514063 documents condition and actions taken.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 30

TABLE 8.2 PARTICULATE GROSS BETA IN AIR 3rd - 4th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/mr3 s Qu,artef (control)

START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)

S 27 24-Jun-02 1-Jul-02 0.032 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.034 0.033 0.029 0.032 0.036 0.031 0.033 5.6 28 I-Jul-02 8-Jul-02 0.039 0.037 0.038 0.039 0.038 0.035 0.037 0.043 0.039 0.038 0.038 5.4 29 8-Jul-02 16-Jul-02 0.032 invalid (a) 0.033 0.036 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.040 0.037 0.039 0.036 7.1 30 16-Jul-02 23-Jul-02 0.028 0.020 0.024 0.024 0.026 0.023 0.030 0.027 0.025 0.025 0.025 11.0 31 23-Jul-02 30-Jul-02 0.024 0.021 0.024 0.026 0.027 0.025 0.017 0.026 0.022 0.027 0.024 13.2 32 30-Jul-02 5-Aug-02 0.030 0.030 0.027 0.029 0.036 0.026 0.028 0.031 0.030 0.029 0.030 9.2 33 5-Aug-02 12-Aug-02 0.026 0.024 0.023 0.026 0.028 0.026 0.023 0.028 0.026 0.028 0.026 7.5 34 12-Aug-02 19-Aug-02 0.036 0.034 0.036 0.039 0.038 0.036 0.039 0.039 0.038 0.037 0.037 4.5 35 19-Aug-02 26-Aug-02 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.031 0.030 0.026 0.030 0.030 0.031 0.030 0.030 5.4 36 26-Aug-02 3-Sep-02 0.034 0 029 0.033 0.027 0.033 0.032 0.037 0.035 0.032 0.027 0.032 10.4 37 3-Sep-02 9-Sep-02 0.039 0 041 0.037 0 040 0.043 0.039 0.042 0.038 0.039 invalid (b) 0.040 4.8 38 9-Sep-02 16-Sep-02 0.032 0 029 0.028 0.033 0.032 0.032 0.035 0.033 0.029 0.031 0.031 6.9 39 16-Sep-02 23-Sep-02 0.031 0.029 0.032 0.033 0.030 0.030 0.035 0.033 0.030 0.033 0.032 6.0 40 23-Sep-02 30-Sep-02 0.034 0.037 0.035 0.036 0.035 0.037 0.04 0.037 0.036 0.032 0.036 5.9 Mean 0.032 0.030 0.031 0.032 0.033 0.031 0.033 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.032 3.4 204th Quate START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site RSD Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40* Mean (%)

41 30-Sep-02 7-Oct-02 0.030 0.034 0.036 0.031 0.031 0.036 0.031 0.038 0.038 0.035 0.034 9.0 42 7-Oct-02 14-Oct-02 0.040 0.041 0.040 0.040 0.041 0.039 0.045 0.042 0.038 0.033 0.040 7.7 43 14-Oct-02 21-Oct-02 0.049 0.048 0.042 0.049 0.049 0.051 0.051 0.050 0.047 0.050 0.049 5.4 44 21-Oct-02 28-Oct-02 0.041 0.041 0.036 0.040 0.038 0.036 0.042 0.038 0.037 0.032 0.038 8.0 45 28-Oct-02 4-Nov-02 0.050 0.051 0.046 0.047 0.049 0.048 0.052 0.054 0.050 0.049 0.050 4.8 46 4-Nov-02 12-Nov-02 0.039 0.034 0.037 0.037 0.035 0.035 0.037 0.034 0.035 0.036 0.036 4.4 47 12-Nov-02 18-Nov-02 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.027 0.024 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.025 0.024 0.026 4.8 48 18-Nov-02 25-Nov-02 0.042 0.046 0.042 0.040 0.039 0.039 0.042 0.044 0.039 0.042 0.042 5.6 49 25-Nov-02 2-Dec-02 0.045 0.040 0.042 0.044 0.041 0.042 0.042 0.044 0.042 0.041 0.042 3.7 50 2-Dec-02 9-Dec-02 0.054 0.052 0.052 0.055 0.055 0.053 0.054 0.056 0.055 0.051 0.054 3.0 51 9-Dec-02 16-Dec-02 0.080 0.086 0.076 0.077 0.077 0.076 0.078 0.081 0.077 0.078 0.079 3.9 52 16-Dec-02 23-Dec-02 0.026 0.023 0.027 0.024 0.023 0.019 0.030 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.024 12.4 53 23-Dec-02 30-Dec-02 0.037 0.038 0.038 0.037 0.034 0.034 0.037 0.039 0.035 0.037 0.037 4.7 Mean 0.043 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.041 0.041 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.041 0.042 2.7 Annual Average 0.035 0.035 0.036 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.035 2.3 (a) Sample invalidated due to power outage from storm. (b) Sample invalidated due to as found flow rate too low.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 31

TABLE 8.3 GAMMA IN AIR FILTER COMPOSITES ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/m3 (control)

QUARTER Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site ENDPOINT NUCLIDE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

25-Mar-02 Cs-134 <0.0055 <0.0046 <0.0025 <0.0054 <0.0034 <0.0052 <0.0031 <0.0047 <0.0028 <0.0037 Cs-137 <0.0056 <0.0044 <0.0024 <0.0039 <0.0026 <0.001 1 <0.0023 <0.00 I1 <0.0022 <0.0031 24-Jun-02 Cs-134 <0.0035 <0.0027 <0.0027 <0.0035 <0.0034 <0.0016 <0.0026 <0.0029 <0.0027 <0.0032 Cs-137 <0.0033 <0.0031 <0.0023 <0.0017 <0.0026 <0.0029 <0.0016 <0.0027 <0.0028 <0.0028 30-Sep-02 Cs-134 <0.0010 <0.0019 <0.0019 <0.0013 <0.00 17 <0.0011I <0.0020 <0.0013 <0.0020 <0.001 I Cs-137 <0.00 I1 <0.0017 <0.0014 <0.0012 <0.0017 <0.0012 <0.0017 <0.0014 <0.0019 <0.00 I1 30-Dec-02 Cs-134 <0.0029 <0.0047 <0.0042 <0.0034 <0.0041 <0.0027 <0.0014 <0.0027 <0.0041 <0.0030 Cs-137 <0.0024 <0.0052 <0.0049 <0.0023 <0.0036 <0.0031 <0.0037 <0.0030 <0.0053 <0.0026 Quarterly sample composite results include all samples except those determined to be invalid.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 32

TABLE 8.4 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 1st - 2nd QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/M3 I , Ist QuIarer , > " I (control) required LLD <0 070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

1 26-Dec-01 2-Jan-02 <0.022 <0.031 <0.037 <0.021 <0.028 <0.020 <0.030 <0.023 <0.030 <0.021 2 2-Jan-02 8-Jan-02 <0.030 <0.030 <0.035 <0.030 <0.031 <0.029 <0.031 <0.028 <0.032 <0.030 3 8-Jan-02 14-Jan-02 <0.033 <0.038 <0.025 <0.030 <0.023 <0.027 <0.037 <0.032 <0.035 <0.032 4 14-Jan-02 22-Jan-02 invalid (a) <0.023 <0.023 <0.024 <0.020 <0.018 <0.023 <0.023 <0.027 <0.022 5 22-Jan-02 28-Jan-02 <0.033 <0.030 <0.033 <0.044 <0.028 <0.035 <0.029 <0.039 <0.033 <0.029 6 28-Jan-02 4-Feb-02 <0.020 <0.022 <0.016 <0.027 <0.027 <0.027 <0.028 <0.025 <0.025 <0.023 7 4-Feb-02 11-Feb-02 <0.025 <0.030 <0.031 <0.027 <0.037 <0.026 <0.035 <0.023 <0.035 <0.027 8 I 1-Feb-02 18-Feb-02 <0.027 <0.025 <0.034 <0.030 <0.027 <0.026 <0.022 (b) <0.024 <0.024 <0.024 9 18-Feb-02 25-Feb-02 <0.030 <0.034 <0.039 <0.024 <0.028 <0.027 <0.045 <0.030 <0.042 <0.027 10 25-Feb-02 4-Mar-02 <0.027 <0.026 <0.032 <0.043 <0.029 <0.028 <0.040 <0.032 <0.046 <0.030 11 4-Mar-02 11-Mar-02 <0.029 <0.024 <0.025 <0.025 <0.046 <0.030 <0.025 <0.018 <0.031 <0.036 12 I 1-Mar-02 18-Mar-02 <0.028 <0.026 <0.026 <0.025 <0.024 <0.028 <0.028 <0.027 <0.026 <0.027 13 18-Mar-02 25-Mar-02 <0.029 <0.020 <0.033 <0.028 <0.037 <0.014 <0.054 <0.026 <0.029 <0.027 2nd Qu ar4ter (control) required LLD <0 070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week f# DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

14 25-Mar-02 I-Apr-02 <0.038 <0.030 <0.034 <0.035 <0.029 <0.038 <0.030 <0.032 <0.028 <0.037 15 I-Apr-02 9-Apr-02 <0.034 <0.020 <0.025 <0.020 <0.029 <0.027 <0.029 <0.020 <0.034 <0.025 16 9-Apr-02 15-Apr-02 <0.025 <0.045 <0.052 <0.035 <0.033 <0.054 <0.027 <0.026 <0.032 <0.032 17 15-Apr-02 22-Apr-02 <0.022 <0.020 <0.026 <0.026 <0.035 <0.031 <0.035 <0.025 <0.035 <0.025 18 22-Apr-02 29-Apr-02 <0.033 <0.025 <0.028 <0.029 <0.028 <0.045 <0.028 <0.046 <0.023 <0.034 19 29-Apr-02 6-May-02 <0.033 <0.032 <0.033 <0.039 <0.034 <0.026 <0.029 <0.023 <0.043 <0.026 20 6-May-02 13-May-02 <0.036 <0.026 <0.047 <0.035 <0.032 <0.028 <0.044 <0.040 <0.026 <0.023 21 13-May-02 20-May-02 <0.031 <0.018 <0.035 <0.026 <0.020 <0.023 <0.043 <0.026 <0.043 <0.025 22 20-May-02 28-May-02 <0.024 <0.041 <0.026 <0.026 <0.029 <0.023 <0.026 <0.019 <0.035 <0.023 23 28-May-02 3-Jun-02 <0.041 <0.031 <0.030 <0.036 <0.034 <0.037 <0.035 <0.046 <0.036 <0.038 24 3-Jun-02 10-Jun-02 <0.034 <0.038 <0.027 <0.039 <0.037 <0.030 <0.035 <0.021 <0.040 <0.029 25 10-Jun-02 17-Jun-02 <0.036 <0.032 <0.025 <0.031 <0.037 <0.032 <0.032 <0.025 <0.034 <0.026 26 17-Jun-02 24-Jun-02 <0.030 <0.032 <0.034 <0.024 <0.035 <0.026 <0.038 <0.027 <0.034 <0.035 (a) As found flow rate was 13 SLPM so sample was invalidated per procedure. (b) Sample collected on 2-19-02 due to road construction.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 33

TABLE 8.5 RADIOIODINE IN AIR 3rd - 4th QUARTER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/mr3 3rd Quarter " -,

(control) I required LLD <0 070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week-_i _ I nATFJ DATE 4- 6A*

7A 14A* 15*

17A 21 29* 35 40*

27 24-Jun-02 1-Jul-02 <0.031 <0.022 <0.032 <0.036 <0.025 <0.034 <0.037 <0.042 <0.043 <0.036 28 1-Jul-02 8-Jul-02 <0.026 <0.036 <0.022 <0.042 <0.034 <0.025 <0.028 <0.023 <0.047 <0.031 29 8-Jul-02 16-Jul-02 <0.031 invalid (a) <0.022 <0.025 <0.023 <0.034 <0.036 <0.030 <0.023 <0.028 30 16-Jul-02 23-Jul-02 <0.037 <0.035 <0.034 <0.025 <0.038 <0.024 <0.020 <0.030 <0.033 <0.025 31 23-Jul-02 30-Jul-02 <0.038 <0.037 <0.031 <0.029 <0.033 <0.037 <0.040 <0.023 <0.043 <0.023 32 30-Jul-02 5-Aug-02 <0.037 <0.040 <0.036 <0.044 <0.045 <0.029 <0.035 <0.034 <0.031 <0.032 33 5-Aug-02 12-Aug-02 <0.036 <0.026 <0.040 <0.040 <0.040 <0.037 <0.025 <0.037 <0.029 <0.037 34 12-Aug-02 19-Aug-02 <0.039 <0.024 <0.034 <0.026 <0.041 <0.036 <0.030 <0.025 <0.031 <0.027 35 19-Aug-02 26-Aug-02 <0.037 <0.037 <0.036 <0.037 <0.045 <0.039 <0.037 <0.016 <0.040 <0.029 36 26-Aug-02 3-Sep-02 <0.033 <0.026 <0.034 <0.023 <0.031 <0.019 <0.031 <0.021 <0.031 <0.021 37 3-Sep-02 9-Sep-02 <0.036 <0.050 <0.029 <0.026 <0.036 <0.056 <0.056 <0.033 <0.048 invalid (b) 38 9-Sep-02 16-Sep-02 <0.029 <0.037 <0.039 <0.039 <0.017 <0.041 <0.042 <0.041 <0.037 <0.031 39 16-Sep-02 23-Sep-02 <0.035 <0.021 <0.047 <0.026 <0.036 <0.030 <0.034 <0.043 <0.037 <0.041 40 23-Sep-02 30-Sep-02 <0.043 <0.052 <0.034 <0.024 <0.034 <0.040 <0.025 <0.027 <0.044 <0.041 4th Quarter l j, (control) required LLD <0 070 START STOP Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Site Week # DATE DATE 4 6A* 7A 14A* 15* 17A 21 29* 35 40*

l 41 30-Sep-02 7-Oct-02 <0.030 <0.029 <0.031 <0.036 <0.040 <0.044 <0.039 <0.029 <0.031 <0.032 42 7-Oct-02 14-Oct-02 <0.026 <0.040 <0.033 <0.031 <0.070 <0.033 <0.063 <0.058 <0.052 <0.053 43 14-Oct-02 21-Oct-02 <0.029 <0.036 <0.041 <0.032 <0.044 <0.027 <0.043 <0.025 <0.047 <0.027 44 21-Oct-02 28-Oct-02 <0.030 <0.028 <0.028 <0.026 <0.041 <0.032 <0.048 <0.036 <0.046 <0.036 45 28-Oct-02 4-Nov-02 <0.026 <0.027 <0.036 <0.046 <0.027 <0.049 <0.030 <0.040 <0.028 <0.031 46 4-Nov-02 12-Nov-02 <0.028 <0.027 <0.024 <0.029 <0.023 <0.038 <0.027 <0.038 <0.031 <0.031 47 12-Nov-02 18-Nov-02 <0.048 <0.035 <0.042 <0.050 <0.061 <0.051 <0.035 <0.036 <0.032 <0.045 48 18-Nov-02 25-Nov-02 <0.044 <0.023 <0.026 <0.041 <0.034 <0.033 <0.040 <0.022 <0.021 <0.036 49 25-Nov-02 2-Dec-02 <0.032 <0.030 <0.041 <0.045 <0.025 <0.039 <0.029 <0.030 <0.029 <0.017 50 2-Dec-02 9-Dec-02 <0.050 <0.034 <0.040 <0.037 <0.041 <0.027 <0.042 <0.031 <0.043 <0.034 51 9-Dec-02 16-Dec-02 <0.031 <0.037 <0.032 <0.040 <0.042 <0.035 <0.030 <0.053 <0.033 <0.033 52 16-Dec-02 23-Dec-02 <0.054 <0.030 <0.026 <0.030 <0.048 <0.030 <0.028 <0.039 <0.039 <0.028 53 23-Dec-30 30-Dec-02 <0.039 <0.052 <0.031 <0.045 <0.022 <0.035 <0.026 <0.039 <0.027 <0.037 (a) Sample invalidated due to power outage from storm. (b) Sample invalidated due to as found flow rate too low.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 34

TABLE 8.6 VEGETATION ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/kg, wet

<60 <60 <80 LOCATION TYPE DATE 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 4.

COLLECTED HALLMAN/

CHOWANEC RESIDENCES NO SAMPLES AVAILABLE (Site #52)*

4.

green cabbage 17-Jan-02 <20 <25 <25 savoy cabbage 17-Jan-02 <21 <32 <24 DUNCAN purple cabbage 17-Jan-02 <22 <24 <24 FAMILY green cabbage 15-Feb-02 <20 <21 <22 FARMS savoy cabbage 15-Feb-02 <21 <20 <23 (Site #62)* red cabbage 15-Feb-02 <25 <31 <29 green cabbage 13-Mar-02 <21 <26 <25 purple cabbage 13-Mar-02 <24 <30 <27 savoy cabbage 13-Mar-02 <22 <28 <25 green cabbage 10-Apr-02 <15 <25 <16 purple cabbage 10-Apr-02 <14 <18 <18 green cabbage 15-May-02 <23 <29 <24 green cabbage 16-Oct-02 <38 <36 <38 red cabbage 16-Oct-02 <28 <38 <50 lettuce 13-Nov-02 <46 <35 <61 green cabbage 13-Nov-02 <38 <45 <63 savoy cabbage 13-Nov-02 <40 <32 <47 green cabbage 13-Dec-02 <27 <41 <45 purple cabbage 13-Dec-02 <34 <40 <45 lettuce 13-Dec-02 <55 <50 <62 BRANCH/

MCCOY RESIDENCES NO SAMPLES AVAILABLE (Site #47)*

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 35

TABLE 8.7 MILK ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE <1 <15 <18 <60 <15 LOCATION COLLECTED 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 PAINTER 18-Sep-02 <0.6 <4 <3 <32 <17 (a)

GOATS 16-Oct-02 <0.2 <6 <5 <11 <7 (Site #51)* 20-Nov-02 <0.4 <10 <9 <25 <16 (a) 18-Dec-02 <0.2 <12 <9 <23 <11 BARBER 18-Sep-02 <0.4 <5 <4 <49 <22 (a)

GOATS 16-Oct-02 <0.2 <6 <5 <13 <6 (Site #53)* 20-Nov-02 <0.3 <11 <9 <30 <14 no sample in December (a) La-140 LLD not met due to delay time between sample collection and analysis at vendor laboratory.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 36

TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter

<2000 SAMPLE I MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 QTRLY <4.0 LOCATION A ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium Gross Beta 28-Jan-02 <7 <8 <19 <9 <18 <8 <14 <6 <9 <9 <24 <9 4.2 +/- 1.6 25-Feb-02 <8 <7 <16 <9 <22 <9 <14 <8 <9 <9 <25 <11 L <2.9 25-Mar-02 <9 <9 <21 <10 <26 <10 <17 <10 <12 <10 <34 <10 <271 3.1 +/- 1.8 29-Apr-02 <9 <9 <22 <11 <23 <10 <17 <10 <12 <10 <33 <11 . <3.0 MeARTHUR 28-May-02 <11 <9 <19 <11 <21 <11 <18 <10 <11 <12 <36 <10 i 444 1- 1.6 RESIDENCE 24-Jun-02 <11 <9 <23 <11 <22 <11 <17 <10 <12 <10 <36 <12 <261 3.8 +/-1.6 (SITE #46)

• 30-Jul-02 <11 <10 <18 <9 <22 <11 <16 <10 <11 <10 <36 <8 i <3.0 26-Aug-02 <10 <10 <23 <11 <23 <12 <16 <10 <12 <11 <37 <12 <3.0 30-Sep-02 <9 <11 <21 <11 <19 <10 <18 <11 <9 <10 <36 <12 <280 <2.8 28-Oct-02 <13 <12 <26 <11 <29 <12 <22 <11 <11 <13 <43 <15 9 <2.6 25-Nov-02 <10 <11 <21 <11 <21 <11 <18 <10 <9 <12 <37 <14 <2 3.0 30-Dec-02 <8 <10 <23 <14 <29 <11 <20 <9 <12 <11 <40 <13 <278 3.8 +/- 1.4 I1 -

28-Jan-02 <10 <10 <21 <11 <25 <11 <16 <10 <12 <9 <38 <10 j 3 .0 +/- 1.6 25-Feb-02 <9 <8 <17 <10 <16 <8 <14 <7 <8 <10 <27 <2.9 25-Mar-02 <10 <11 <19 <9 <22 <11 <17 <10 <11 <10 <38 <10 <267 4.1 +/- 1.8 29-Apr-02 <9 <7 <18 <9 <21 <8 <14 <7 <8 <8 <25 <12 <3.0 GAVETTE 28-May-02 <10 <9 <22 <11 <22 <10 <18 <10 <12 <11 <34 <10 L 2.5 +- 1.6 RESIDENCE 24-Jun-02 <9 <8 <17 <9 <19 <11 <14 <8 <10 <11 <32 <10 <262 4.4+/- 1.6 (SITE #55) 30-Jul-02 <7 <9 <16 <11 <20 <7 <12 <7 <7 <8 <27 26-Aug-02 <10 <10 <20 <13 <23 <10 <18 <11 <12 <10 <32 <12 __ <3.1 30-Sep-02 <7 <8 <15 <9 <15 <9 <11 <7 <7 <8 <29 <10 <279 <2.9 28-Oct-02 <12 <11 <25 <15 <26 <13 <20 <12 <10 <13 <41 <13 j7TTT 5.0 +/- 1.8 25-Nov-02 <11 <11 <24 <10 <24 <13 <17 <11 <10 <11 <40 <1 5 <3.1 30-Dec-02 <13 <12 <24 <12 <30 <15 <19 <12 <11 <14 <44 <14 <283 5.3 +/- 1.6 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 37

TABLE 8.8 DRINKING WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter

<2000 SAMPLE I MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 QTRLY <4.0 LOCATION ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium Gross Beta 4

28-Jan-02 <7 <8 <15 <9 <15 <8 <14 <7 <9 <8 <28 <8 Of 3.3+/-2.0 25-Feb-02 <7 <8 <14 <7 <15 <9 <15 <7 <10 <8 <28 <10  ; d <3.6 25-Mar-02 <7 <8 <17 <8 <17 <8 <15 <7 <9 <7 <25 <9 <275 <3.5 29-Apr-02 <11 <9 <19 <10 <21 <11 <17 <10 <11 <10 <35 <12 ET <3.8 BERRYMAN 28-May-02 <8 <7 <17 <9 <22 <8 <15 <8 <9 <8 <24 <10 :j 3 3.6

+/-2.1 RESIDENCE 24-Jun-02 <10 <11 <21 <12 <22 <12 <20 <12 <13 <10 <40 <12 <262 5.9 +-2.1 (SITE #48)* 30-Jul-02 <10 <10 <21 <11 <21 <10 <16 <11 <13 <11 <36 <11 <3.4 26-Aug-02 <9 <8 <16 <8 <16 <8 <14 <6 <9 <9 <28 <11 GK d <3.8 30-Sep-02 <10 <10 <15 <11 <23 <11 <16 <9 <9 <11 <34 <8 <280 <3.6 28-Oct-02 <15 <11 <30 <15 <27 <13 <25 <12 <14 <14 <47 <12 ;T 7_1 <3.4 25-Nov-02 <11 <10 <19 <15 <19 <11 <18 <8 <10 <10 <33 <15 , <3.9 30-Dec-02 <12 <12 <21 <12 <28 <11 <20 <11 <12 <10 <30 <15 <279 6.0+/- 1.9

___________________ 1 _______________________________________

28-Jan-02 <10 <9 <18 <12 <22 <10 <16 <9 <10 <10 <31 <11 7> J <2.3 25-Feb-02 <10 <11 <22 <12 <23 <10 <15 <10 <11 <10 <36 <13 <2.7 25-Mar-02 <11 <10 <20 <10 <23 <10 <18 <11 <11 <12 <37 <10 <276 <2.7 29-Apr-02 <8 <8 <16 <9 <19 <9 <14 <7 <8 <8 <24 <9 G <2.9 CHOWANEC 28-May-02 <8 <7 <14 <9 <15 <8 <14 <7 <10 <9 <27 <10 j 2.7 +-1.5 RESIDENCE 24-Jun-02 <10 <10 <21 <10 <26 <10 <18 <10 <13 <12 <35 <12 <264 2.7+!- 1.5 (SITE #49)

• 30-Jul-02 <9 <10 <22 <11 <24 <11 <16 <11 <14 <10 <33 <12 <2.9 26-Aug-02 <7 <9 <18 <9 <18 <8 <14 <7 <9 <9 <25 <11 ( <2.9 30-Sep-02 <6 <7 <11 <8 <16 <7 <12 <8 <6 <8 <23 <9 <280 <2.7 28-Oct-02 <9 <9 <21 <15 <20 <11 <17 <7 <11 <10 <29 <11 , 19.8 +/- 2.3 (a) 25-Nov-02 <9 <11 <18 <7 <22 <10 <18 <9 <9 <12 <30 <15 G j <2.9 30-Dec-02 <11 <14 <23 <13 <30 <13 <23 <12 <11 <13 <46 <12 <279 2.7+/- 1.4 (a) This value is abnormally high. The sample was re-counted with similar results. Sample data were reviewed and no apparent cause for the increase could be identified. This value is below the action level of 30 pCi/liter.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 38

TABLE 8.9 GROUNDWATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE I DATE <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 <2000 LOCATION COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium I

28-Jan-02 <7 <8 <17 <9 <17 <9 <13 <10 <9 <8 <31 <10 <273 WELL 27ddc 29-Apr-02 <11 <10 <22 <10 <25 <13 <21 <12 <12 <12 <42 <13 <271 (Site #57)* 30-Jul-02 <12 <13 <24 <13 <26 <15 <21 <11 <13 <12 <41 <14 <265 28-Oct-02 <13 <12 <22 <12 <26 <14 <24 <15 <11 <12 <44 <15 <274 28-Jan-02 <12 <10 <21 <13 <25 <13 <19 <11 <13 <13 <42 <13 <276 WELL 34abb 29-Apr-02 <9 <11 <22 <11 <25 <12 <17 <12 <13 <11 <43 <12 <273 (Site #58)* 30-Jul-02 <10 <9 <20 <12 <20 <11 <15 <9 <11 <11 <33 <14 <264 28-Oct-02 <11 <12 <25 <12 <24 <13 <18 <11 <10 <11 <40 <15 <277 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 39

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE I MONTH <15 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <30 <15 <15 <18 <60 <15 <3000 LOCATION 1ENDPOINT Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium 28-Jan-02 <10 <10 <18 <10 <21 <11 <19 <11 <10 <10 <36 <9 25-Feb-02 <10 <9 <19 <10 <23 <9 <16 <12 <12 <11 <35 <13 L m 25-Mar-02 <6 <7 <12 <9 <18 <8 <14 <9 <8 <9 <26 <8 <276 29-Apr-02 <10 <9 <22 <8 <22 <10 <18 <12 <12 <11 <38 <12 F "

RESERVOIR 28-May-02 <7 <7 <15 <9 <18 <7 <13 8 +1-6 <9 <8 <25 <11 i (Site #60)

• 24-Jun-02 <10 <10 <21 <10 <19 <11 <17 <12 <12 <10 <37 30-Jul-02 <7 <8 <16 <9 <20 <9 <14 9 +1-6 <9 <8 <26 <8 47~~,

26-Aug-02 <11 <10 <20 <11 <24 <11 <17 <11 <12 <10 <36 <10I 30-Sep-02 <10 <9 <19 <10 <18 <11 <16 <13 <9 <10 <38 <11 <281 28-Oct-02 <15 <14 <26 <14 <26 <12 <16 <13 <13 <14 <43 <8 Sj., I 25-Nov-02 <7 <10 <18 <10 <23 <10 <17 <8 <10 <10 <32 <15 30-Dec-02 <14 <12 <25 <14 <28 <14 <21 <13 <11 <14 <41 <11 <282 I <11 28-Jan-02 <7 <9 <22 <10 <22 <10 <14 <8 <10 <9 <29 25-Feb-02 <9 <9 <18 <9 <19 <8 <13 <8 <10 <10 <29 <11 25-Mar-02 <10 <10 <21 <12 <25 <10 <19 <12 <12 <10 <34 <10 1072 +/-177 29-Apr-02 <8 <9 <25 <10 <20 <8 <14 <8 <11 <9 <27 <10 9 j'1 EVAP POND 1 28-May-02 <9 <7 <21 <10 <23 <8 <13 <7 <11 <9 <26 <10 (Site #59)

• 24-Jun-02 <9 <9 <21 <10 <25 <8 <15 <8 <10 <10 <32 <13 1177 171 30-Jul-02 <9 <9 <19 <12 <22 <9 <16 <7 <10 <9 <27 <11 26-Aug-02 <11 <11 <23 <12 <24 <11 <20 <11 <12 <12 <37 <10 IS 1 30-Sep-02 <8 <9 <20 <8 <21 <9 <15 <8 <7 <8 <35 <12 808 +/-178 28-Oct-02 <10 <10 <21 <15 <28 <9 <20 <9 <8 <13 <36 <12 25-Nov-02 <14 <15 <29 <13 <30 <13 <25 <13 <11 <12 <38 <12 Lzzfi 30-Dec-02 <12 <12 <27 <13 <28 <15 <19 <11 <10 <13 <42 <10 838 +/-184 28-Jan-02 <10 <10 <25 <10 <25 <11 <19 <14 <12 <12 <43 <11 25-Feb-02 <12 <9 <26 <12 <24 <11 <18 <13 <12 <14 <39 <10 25-Mar-02 <9 <9 <19 <11 <22 <8 <17 <9 <11 <11 <25 <10 950 +-178 29-Apr-02 <10 <11 <25 <12 <28 <12 <19 <13 <13 13 +/- 9 <36 <11 7 EVAP POND 2 28-May-02 <10 <11 <25 <12 <24 <12 <17 <12 <13 <15 <36 (Site #63)

• 24-Jun-02 <10 <11 <23 <11 <24 <11 <20 12 +/- 10 <14 <13 <41 <11 1065 +/-168 30-Jul-02 <8 <8 <19 <8 <18 <8 <14 <10 <9 <10 <29 <8 *

<42 <7 <'1 26-Aug-02 <11 <9 <28 <13 <27 <11 <19 <13 <13 <13 30-Sep-02 <9 <9 <19 <10 <21 <9 <16 <11 <8 12 +/- 8 <32 <10 931 +/-181 28-Oct-02 <12 <13 <26 <12 <27 <13 <21 <12 <13 <17 <37 <15 25-Nov-02 <13 <12 <27 <15 <28 <13 <20 <11 <11 <15 <39 <12 L>Ii:___

30-Dec-02 <11 <10 <23 <15 <23 <11 <18 <10 <9 <13 <35 <11 1143 +/-189 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 40

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium**

I4 8-Jan-02 <8 <7 <16 <10 <18 <8 <14 18 +-7 <8 15-Jan-02 <10 <10 <19 <9 <22 <10 <18 55+ 11 <12 <12 <34 <8 22-Jan-02 <10 <11 <18 <9 <21 <10 <17 45+- 13 <10 <10 <32 <10 29-Jan-02 <9 <8 <17 <9 <16 <8 <15 36 +/-10 <10 <8 <25 <12 <280 5-Feb-02 <7 <7 <15 <8 <17 <8 <12 26 +/-8 <9 <8 <25 <7 V 12-Feb-02 <10 <9 <21 <10 <20 <11 <17 36+/- 14 <12 <11 <38 <10 18-Feb-02 <10 <11 <24 <10 <25 <11 <18 31 +/-10 <14 <12 <40 <11 L1.

26-Feb-02 <9 <9 <21 <10 <19 <10 <17 36+/- 12 <11 <10 <37 <9 <270 WRF 5-Mar-02 <9 <10 <19 <11 <21 <10 <16 34+/- 12 <11 <10 <37 <8 INFLUENT 12-Mar-02 <11 <10 <19 <11 <24 <12 <17 28 +/-10 <11 <10 <34 <10 18-Mar-02 <9 <10 <18 <9 <20 <10 <18 14 +/-9 <11 <10 <37 <11 26-Mar-02 <9 <10 <19 <11 <23 <11 <16 29+/- 10 <12 <10 <34 <9 <285 2-Apr-02 <9 <8 <20 <10 <21 <9 <17 29+ 11 <11 <12 <34 <7 16-Apr-02 <8 <7 <12 <9 <16 <8 <14 44 +/-10 <8 <8 <27 22-Apr-02 <12 <10 <21 <12 <23 <10 <19 31 +/-10 <12 <12 <37 <10 _ _

30-Apr-02 <12 <9 <20 <11 <23 <11 <17 37+/- 12 <12 <10 <32 <12 <280 7-May-02 <11 <9 <17 <12 <20 <10 <18 26 +/-9 <13 <11 <33 <12 14-May-02 <10 <9 <19 <12 <20 <11 <18 39+/- 13 <11 <12 <35 <11 21 -May-02 <11 <9 <18 <9 <24 <8 <16 45+ 11 <11 <11 <35

<9

<10 FJ L 2

<12 <23 <10 <18 46+/- 11 <12 <10 <36 <10 <279

<11I 28-May-02 <11 <10 <20 3-Jun-02 <9 <8 <18 <9 <19 <8 <13 36+/- 10 <9 <8 <26 <9 <

I 1-Jun-02 <10 <9 <20 <8 <22 <10 <16 38+/- 11 <13 <10 <33 17-Jun-02 <10 <10 <22 <11 <23 <11 <14 28 +/-8 <11 <10 <34 24-Jun-02 <12 <10 <21 <9 <22 <10 <19 17+ 11 <13 <10 <35 <11 <275 I-Jul-02 <8 <8 <20 <9 <21 <8 <15 24 +/-8 <8 <8 <27 <10 8-Jul-02 <10 <10 <24 <9 <20 <10 <16 42+/- 10 <11 <11 <33 <11 16-Jul-02 <10 <9 <21 <11 <24 <11 <15 47+/- 11 <11 <10 <38 <10 23-Jul-02 <8 <7 <16 <11 <22 <8 <13 15 +/-8 <9 <8 <25 <10 30-Jul-02 <9 <10 <20 <11 <21 <11 <18 22+/- 10 <10 <10 <34 <10 <274

• • Monthly composite PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 41

TABLE 8.10 SURFACE WATER ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCi/liter SAMPLE DATE LOCATION

....a. n COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 Tritium**

5-Aug-02 <10 <8 <18 <10 <21 <11 <16 38+ 11 <12 <10 <30 <12 .

13-Aug-02 <9 <9 <18 <12 <21 <10 <18 26 +-13 <12 <10 <34 <7 K WRF 20-Aug-02 <10 <11 <18 <11 <21 <11 <15 23 +/-10 <11 <10 <35 <9 L INFLUENT 27-Aug-02 <10 <9 <19 <11 <24 <10 <17 26+!- 10 <11 <10 <35 <9 <277 (continued) 3-Sep-02 <10 <10 <22 <12 <24 <11 <18 9+/-8 <12 <10 <34 <10 10-Sep-02 <7 <7 <12 <8 <16 <7 <12 15+- 8 <6 <8 <27 <10 17-Sep-02 <10 <10 <21 <11 <16 <10 <18 31 +/-10 <11 <13 <27 <14 24-Sep-02 <9 <9 <17 <11 <24 <10 <18 16+/- 10 <11 <12 <32 <14 30-Sep-02 <8 <8 <16 <8 <18 <8 <13 37 +/-9 <7 <9 <29 <10 <289 7-Oct-02 <9 <10 <18 <7 <22 <9 <15 30 +/-9 <8 <10 <35 <10 Fsj~iTT T.

22-Oct-02 <11 <13 <24 <12 <29 <12 <24 22+/- 14 <13 <15 <43 <14 K 29-Oct-02 <12 <11 <23 <12 <29 <12 <16 13 +/-10 <10 <9 <40 <13 <285 5-Nov-02 <12 <12 <20 <8 <26 <11 <20 14+/- 10 <11 <12 <35 <15 12-Nov-02 <8 <9 <20 <11 <18 <8 <13 13 +/-9 <9 <9 <29 <9 S> SW 19-Nov-02 <11 <10 <20 <11 <20 <9 <17 <11 <9 <10 <34 <11 L 25-Nov-02 <15 <13 <21 <15 <28 <14 <23 20 +/- 10 <12 <13 <49 <13 <290 3-Dec-02 <12 <13 <26 <15 <24 <13 <23 <14 <13 <13 <42 <15 10-Dec-02 <13 <13 <25 <13 <29 <12 <23 11+ 11 <11 <12 <41 <11 17-Dec-02 <13 <13 <26 <14 <27 <11 <21 22+ 11 <12 <13 <38 <11 >1 23-Dec-02 <13 <11 <22 <12 <29 <11 <21 54 +-17 <13 <17 <47 <11 L 30-Dec-02 <12 <11 <25 <13 <29 <14 <22 19 +/-i <12 <13 <43 <14

• • Monthly composite I

16-Jul-02 <8 <8 <15 <9 <17 <8 <13 <9 <7 <8 <24 <12 <282 SEDIMENT. 28-Oct-02 <15 <12 <25 <13 <28 <13 <21 <12 <11 <15 <45 <14 <292 BASIN #2 2-Dec-02 <14 <13 <26 <13 <30 <13 <21 <14 <11 <14 <47 <13 <299 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 42

TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by

• units are pCilkg, wet SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLECTED I-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 In-11 I.

8-Jan-02 1599 +1- 175 <17 <17 15-Jan-02 1418 +/- 170 <18 <23 16 +/- 21 22-Jan-02 1904 +1-224 <23 <21 30 +-23 29-Jan-02 1812 +/- 197 <16 <13 36 +1-26 5-Feb-02 1417 +1-172 <22 <19 52 +1-29 12-Feb-02 758 +/-90 <24 <15 18-Feb-02 1582 +1-191 <23 <13 50 +/-23 26-Feb-02 1199+1- 146 <22 <16 5-Mar-02 1307 +/- 158 <19 <22 12-Mar-02 1066 +/- 132 <9 <10 42+/-24 18-Mar-02 912+1- 117 <25 <18 27+/-27 26-Mar-02 945 +1- 120 <19 <18 53 +-23 2-Apr-02 1203 +1-146 <22 <15 34 +/-21 16-Apr-02 1004+1- 115 <18 <15 55 +/-21 22-Apr-02 1594 +1-191 <16 <18 104 +-30 WRF 30-Apr-02 1518 +1-168 <15 <18 37 +/-12 CENTRIFUGE 7-May-02 1072 +1-132 <23 <20 WASTE SLUDGE 14-May-02 1163 +1-142 <22 <13 64+/-23 21-May-02 1280 +1- 155 <23 <14 36+/-21 28-May-02 1920 +1-229 <20 <24 120 +/-41 3-Jun-02 1447 +1- 161 <17 <18 33 +/-30 11-Jun-02 1644 +-194 <17 <22 80 +/-22 17-Jun-02 1099 +1- 137 <26 <17 34 +-26 24-Jun-02 787 +1-103 <22 <33 54+1-24 1-Jul-02 905+1- 114 <26 <19 26 +/-21 8-Jul-02 1657 +1- 198 <17 <18 83 +/- 31 16-Jul-02 2000 +/- 232 <17 <17 45 +1-27 23-Jul-02 1033 +/- 127 <15 <21 21+/- 16 30-Jul-02 931 +1-107 <18 <13 35 +/- 18 5-Aug-02 969 +1-122 <18 <20 41 +/-20 13-Aug-02 1166+1- 131 <20 <17 53 +/ 19 20-Aug-02 926+- 119 <17 <20 28 +1-26 27-Aug-02 1118 +1- 138 <17 <22 41 +/-28 3-Sep-02 802 +1-92 <17 <13 30 +/-18 10-Sep-02 622 +-73 <8 <6 29+/- 13 17-Sep-02 1072 +-127 <21 <21 45 +1-25 24-Sep-02 1177+1- 157 <31 <32 25 +/-26 30-Sep-02 1688 +1-179 <14 <16 67 +1-28 7-Oct-02 1059+1- 116 <13 <14 56+/ 19 22-Oct-02 494 +1-80 <19 <28 29-Oct-02 431 +-65 <17 <20 55 +1-25 5-Nov-02 347 +-63 <26 <26 69 +-28 12-Nov-02 629+/-92 <23 <19 33+- 19 19-Nov-02 504 +1-81 <21 <25 25 +1-27 25-Nov-02 373 +1-66 <29 <20 3-Dec-02 559 +-89 <32 <36 56+1-26 9-Dec-02 680+/- 181 <22 <20 64+1-31 17-Dec-02 638+/-93 <20 <23 11 +1-12 23-Dec-02 897 +1-122 <28 <34 30-Dec-02 1540 +/- 186 <30 <25 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 43

TABLE 8.11 SLUDGE/SEDIMENT ODCM required samples denoted by

• Units are pCi/kg, wet SAMPLE DATE LOCATION COLLECTED Mn-54 Co-58 Fe-59 Co-60 Zn-65 Nb-95 Zr-95 1-131 Cs-134 Cs-137 Ba-140 La-140 (N) 22-Nov-02 <29 <17 <44 <45 <55 <24 <44 <19 <25 <36 <79 <34 (E) <18 <14 <49 <36 <57 <21 <29 <17 <18 <27 <40 <21 EVAP POND I (S) <25 <19 <38 <25 <54 <25 <38 <21 <17 <21 <72 <15 (W) <25 <24 <58 <23 <51 <24 <32 <20 <28 <29 <79 <35 (C- <17 <15 <30 <22 <44 <16 <23 <14 <13 <14 <56 <18 (N) 22-Nov-02 <22 <18 <57 <35 <57 <28 <36 <17 <19 22 +/- 17 <68 <22 (E) <22 <20 <43 <31 <60 <24 <41 <18 <18 <30 <73 <8 EVAP POND 2 (S) <19 <15 <39 <31 <51 <19 <34 <15 <20 <25 <57 <20 (W) <21 <19 <45 51 +/-21 <41 <23 <36 <16 <16 36+/-+- 15 <64 <18 (c) <14 <16 <36 <22 <46 <18 <26 <14 <15 20 +/- 16 <54 <14 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -2002 44

FIGURE 8.1 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (WEEKLY SYSTEM AVERAGES)

Gross Beta in Air 1992-2002 1.000

- xwekly average I 0.100

• Po C)

¢-I 0.010 0.001 cl~ mId n 'C1 r 00 ON~ 0) "-4 CD ON ON OS ON a,\ ON 0 _0 ON ) a. 0 Cs ) C.) 0 0 l t 0) ) 0) 0) 0) C)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 45

FIGURE 8.2 HISTORICAL GROSS BETA IN AIR (ANNUAL SITE TO SITE COMPARISONS) COMPARED TO PRE-OP control location -- Gross Beta in Air Particulates- pre-operational (1981-1985) 0.100 1992 1993 0.090- 1994 1995 0.080- 1996

-1997 I'

0.070 - 1998 1999 M

0.060 2000 2001

._Z 0.050 -n-2002 I.-

c) 0.040 _____

1; 0.030 -

0.020 0.010 0.000 0

m- ( _ C¢

'_ -. 'IT t-- -q en

• 2_ o 2 *2c) c 2o *a)2 ~ )

)

• 2 Cd)

CI.- - .Z -

iSample Location Sample Location PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 46

FIGURE 8.3 GROSS BETA IN DRINKING WATER

.McArthur (site #46)

-uw-Gavette (site #55)

-K-Berryman (site #48)

- Chowanec (site #49) 35 -

30 -

Action Level D 25 -

1.1 20 -

ZS 1;

X. 15 -

pi 10 -

5 II l I , e llzll n

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun J ul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Sample Date (monthly composite)

NOTES: MDA values plotted as activity (e.g. <2.3 is plotted as 2.3)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 47

FIGURE 8.4 SOIL Cs-137 COMPARED TO ONSITE SEDIMENT BASIN #2 250 T 238 209 200 -

lS I

" 150 -

U r- 100 -

wI M 70 63

_LI]

al 60 60 47 I

50 - 40 40 17 0-U I i

<MDA I. l _ I 1976 1984 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 2001 2002 onsite soil onsite soil avg. avg.

(Sedimentation Basin #2 accepts site storm runoff, no other gamma emitters present)

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 48

FIGURE 8.5 EVAPORATION POND TRITIUM ACTIVITY 10000

&J000

. 40 3- (

Q t 00

¢t.PO '

I A A 23J0 IX-0 I N- N 00 00 C 0-0 C - ~ O-O .

C ~% O ,

m ON t

C ., ON oo

('1w 00)

ON C'

O ~I 0 NC C0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 I I I I I I I I I II I II I p1-4 -$ 0 Q41'

$- l $-~ 0U ~E 0 9 0 9 0u

< 0 0 < 0 < 0 0 9 - )a PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 49

9. Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) Results and Data The environmental TLD used at PVNGS is the Panasonic Model 812 Dosimeter. The Model 812 is a multi-element dosimeter combining two elements of lithium borate and two elements of calcium sulfate under various filters.

Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed in forty-eight locations from one to thirty-five miles from the PVNGS. TLD locations are shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. TLD locations are described in Table 9.1. TLD results for 2002 are presented in Table 9.2. TLD results for 1985 through 2002 are presented in graphical form on Figure 9.1 (excluding transit control TLD

1. 45).

Figure 9.2 depicts the environmental TLD results from 2002 as compared to the pre-operational TLD results (excluding indicator location #41 and 43 that were deleted and #46-50 due to no pre-op TLD at these locations for comparison). As can be seen, the site to site comparisons indicate a direct correlation with respect to pre-operational results. It is evident that the offsite dose, as measured by TLDs, has not changed since Palo Verde became operational.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 50

TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

TLD SITE LOCATION LOCATION DESCRIPTION 1 E30 Goodyear 2 ENE24 Scott-Libby School 3 E21 Liberty School 4 E16 Buckeye 5 ESEl l Palo Verde School 6* SSE31 APS Gila Bend substation 7 SE7 Old US 80 and Arlington School Rd 8 SSE4 Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.

9 S5 Southern Pacific Pipeline Rd.

10 SE5 3 5 5 th Ave. and Elliot Rd.

11 ESE5 33 9 th Ave. and Dobbins Rd.

12 E5 339th Ave. and Buckeye-Salome Rd.

13 NI N site boundary 14 NNE2 NNE site boundary 15 NE2 NE site boundary, WRF access road 16 ENE2 ENE site boundary 17 E2 E site boundary 18 ESE2 ESE site boundary 19 SE2 SE site boundary 20 SSE2 SSE site boundary 21 S3 S site boundary 22 SSW3 SSW site boundary 23 W5 N of Elliot Rd 24 SW4 N of Elliot Rd 25 WSW5 N of Elliot Rd 26 SSW4 local farm 27 SW1 SW site boundary 28 WSW1 WSW site boundary 29 W1 W site boundary 30 WNW1 WNW site boundary 31 NW1 NW site boundary 32 NNW1 NNW site boundary 33 NW4 S of Buckeye Rd 34 NNW5 39 5 th Ave. and Van Buren St.

35 NNW8 Tonopah 36 N5 Wintersburg Rd. and Van Buren St.

37 NNE5 36 3 rd Ave. and Van Buren St.

38 NE5 35 5 th Ave. and Buckeye Rd.

39 ENE5 3 4 3 rd Ave. N of Broadway Rd.

40 N3 Wintersburg 42 N8 Ruth Fisher School 44* ENE35 El Mirage PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 51

TABLE 9.1 TLD SITE LOCATIONS (distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

TLD SITE LOCATION LOCATION DESCRIPTION 45** Onsite Central Laboratory (lead pig) 46 ENE30 Litchfield Park School 47 E35 Littleton School 48 E24 Jackrabbit Trail 49 ENEI1 Palo Verde Rd.

50 WNW5 S of Buckeye-Salome Rd.

• Site #6 and site #44 are the control locations.

• • Site #45 is the transit control TLD (stored in lead pig).

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 52

TABLE 9.2 2002 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD RESULTS units are mrem/std qtr TLD Site # 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter 2002 Average 1 22.7 23.7 24.0 24.2 23.7 2 21.3 21.9 20.8 21.5 21.4 3 23.2 22.3 missing 23.2 22.9 4 22.6 22.5 21.8 22.6 22.4 5 21.6 21.6 20.9 22.5 21.7 6(control) 25.7 26.2 25.2 26.2 25.8 7 24.2 24.5 24.0 26.5 24.8 8 22.6 22.9 22.3 22.8 22.7 9 27.7 29.3 27.8 28.0 28.2 10 23.4 23.7 23.0 23.9 23.5 11 24.0 24.4 23.5 24.2 24.0 12 22.2 22.4 22.9 22.5 22.5 13 24.6 24.7 24.1 24.6 24.5 14 23.9 24.6 24.1 25.0 24.4 15 22.8 24.0 23.3 23.2 23.3 16 22.0 21.7 21.4 21.7 21.7 17 23.6 23.9 24.7 23.6 24.0 18 22.6 23.2 22.7 23.5 23.0 19 24.7 25.4 24.4 24.9 24.9 20 23.5 23.3 23.2 22.9 23.2 21 25.4 24.4 24.0 24.5 24.6 22 25.5 25.5 25.0 25.6 25.4 23 22.7 22.9 22.3 23.1 22.8 24 22.9 22.0 21.7 22.6 22.3 25 24.0 23.0 23.8 22.7 23.4 26 25.9 25.0 26.2 26.0 25.8 27 26.3 27.5 26.5 27.1 26.9 28 24.8 26.0 25.0 26.0 25.5 29 24.7 25.3 24.9 24.4 24.8 30 25.5 25.0 24.7 24.9 25.0 31 23.3 22.6 21.9 23.1 22.7 32 24.6 24.2 24.6 24.5 24.5 33 24.9 25.2 24.8 24.9 25.0 34 27.0 27.2 26.1 27.1 26.9 35 28.3 29.3 29.2 28.9 28.9 36 25.3 24.7 24.0 24.4 24.6 37 24.1 23.2 23.6 23.4 23.6 38 26.4 27.7 26.9 27.1 27.0 39 22.9 23.6 23.3 23.0 23.2 40 24.6 24.3 24.0 24.0 24.2 42 27.7 25.3 25.6 25.7 26.1 44(control) 18.7 20.1 19.7 19.9 19.6 45 (transit control) 5.5 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.4 46 25.6 26.4 25.1 26.3 25.9 47 21.8 22.4 22.4 22.8 22.4 48 22.9 23.9 24.0 24.2 23.8 49 22.2 21.7 22.0 21.8 21.9 50 18.1 18.8 18.8 19.2 18.7 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 53

FIGURE 9.1 NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL TLD EXPOSURE RATES 30.0 ~~mR/std qtr

~BA SELINE

- - - -10YEARMEAN 28.0 26.0

'.4 24.0 20 22.0 20.0 18.0 cdu 0 omum 0 0 0 m I~ n co I I I I I I I mI I I ~ In : En I ) mI PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT -.2002 54

FIGURE 9.2 ENVIRONMENTAL TLD COMPARISON - PRE-OPERATIONAL VS 2002 r . r rrr 35 -C (ontrol I:M~

30 iO20 -A 15 15 -nlPe-op (1984-1985) x 10 --- 2002 Average 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 42 45 TIDNunter TLD #41 monitoring location was deleted in June, 2000.

TLD #43 monitoring location was deleted in 1994.

TLDs #46-50 are not included since they were not included in the pre-op monitoring program.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 55

10. Land Use Census 10.1. Introduction In accordance with the PVNGS ODCM, Section 6.2, the annual Land Use Census was performed within five miles of Unit 2 containment in June-July, 2002.

Observations were made in each of the 16 meteorological sectors to determine the nearest milking animals, residences, and gardens of greater than 500 square feet. This census was completed by driving the roads and speaking with residents.

The results of the Land Use Census are presented in Table 10.1 and discussed below.

The directions and distances listed are in sectors and miles from the Unit 2 containment.

10.2. Census Results Nearest Resident There were three (3) changes in nearest resident status. Refer to Table 10.1 for specific location changes.

Milk Animal Goats were located in the ENE, NNE and NE sectors. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 1.24 mrem. Since the locations were all between 3 and 5 miles distant, and the calculated dose was >1 mrem (in the NE sector), goat milk sampling was added to the REMP in accordance with the ODCM requirements.

Vegetable Gardens There were three (3) changes in nearest garden status. Dose calculations indicated the highest dose to be 0.540 mrem.

See Table 10.1 for a summary of the specific results and Table 2.1 for current sample locations.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 56

TABLE 10.1 2002 LAND USE CENSUS (Distances and directions are relative to Unit 2 in miles)

NEAREST NEAREST NEAREST CALCULATED DOSE SECTOR RESIDENT GARDEN MILK ANIMAL (mrem) CHANGE l (COW/GOAT) FROM 2001 N 1.55 1.79 NONE Resident 8.01E-02 GARDEN Garden 3.78E-01 NNE 1.66 2.05 3.78 Resident 1.15E-01 Garden 3.49E-01 Milk 4.54E-0I NE 2.16 3.14 3.91 Resident 1.82E-01 Garden 5.40E-01 Milk 1.24E+00 ENE 2.87 4.67 4.84 Resident 8.12E-02 Garden 1.62E-01 Milk 3.85E-01 E 2.81 4.79 NONE Resident 1.52E-01 GARDEN Garden 2.43E-01 ESE 3.17 3.85 NONE Resident 1.45E-01 RESIDENT Garden 4.94E-0I GARDEN SE 4.10 NONE NONE Resident 1.70E-0I RESIDENT SSE NONE NONE NONE NA S 4.67 NONE NONE Resident 3.70E-01 SSW NONE NONE NONE NA SW 1.39 NONE NONE Resident 3.14E-0 I WSW 0.75 NONE NONE Resident 1.43E-01 l W 0.70 NONE NONE Resident 1.12E-01 l WNW 2.67 NONE NONE Resident 2.82E-02 l NW 1.12 NONE NONE Resident 6.24E-02 l NNW 1.30 3.49 NONE Resident 7.04E-02 RESIDENT I Garden 1.58E-01 COMMENTS:

Dose calculations were performed using the GASPAR code and 2001 meteorological data and source term. Dose reported for each location is the total for all three PVNGS Units and is the highest individual dose identified (organ, bone, total body, or skin). Bolded data indicate changes from the previous year.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 57

11. Summary and Conclusions The conclusions are based on a review of the radioassay results and background gamma radiation measurements for the 2002 calendar year. Where possible, the data were compared to pre-operational sample data.

All sample results for 2002 are presented in Tables 8.1-8.10 and do not include observations of naturally occurring radionuclides, with the exception of gross beta in air and gross beta in drinking water. Table 11.1 summarizes the ODCM required samples and is in the format required by the NRC BTP on Environmental Monitoring.

I-131 concentrations identified on occasion in the Evaporation Ponds, WRF Influent, WRF Centrifuge sludge, and Reservoir are the result of offsite sources and appear in the effluent sewage from Phoenix. The levels of I-131 detected in these locations are consistent with levels identified in previous years.

Tritium concentrations identified in surface water onsite have been attributed to PVNGS gaseous effluent releases. These concentrations are consistent with historical values. The Gaseous Radioactive Effluent Tracking System accounts for tritium released via this pathway.

There were no observed radiologicalimpacts on the environment due to PVNGS operations in 2002.

Natural background radiation levels are consistent with measurements reported in previous Pre-operational and Operational Radiological Environmental annual reports, References 1 and 2.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 58

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2002 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (f)a Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)' Distance and Range Mean (f)a Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Direct Radiation TLD - 191 NA 24.0 (179/179) Site #35 28.9 (4/4) 22.7 (8/8) 0 (mrem/std. qtr.) 18.1 -29.3 8 miles 3350 28.3-29.3 18.7-26.2 Air Particulates Gross Beta - 527 0.010 0.035 (475/475) Site #7A 0.036 (53/53) 0.035 (51/51) 0 (pCi/m3 ) 0.006 - 0.081 8 miles 1400 0.023 0.076

- 0.020 - 0.086 Gamma Spec.

Composite- 40 Cs-134 0.05 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Cs-137 0.06 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Air Radioiodine Gamma Spec. - 527 (pCi/m3 ) 1-131 0.07 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Broadleaf Gamma Spec. - 20 Vegetation 1-131 60 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 (pCi/Kg-wet) Cs-134 60 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Cs-137 80 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Groundwater Tritium - 8 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter)

Gamma Spec. - 8 Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-58 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 59

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2002 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (fa Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)a Distance and Range Mean (f)a Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurement Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0-Groundwater 1-131 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter) Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0

-continued- Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Gross Beta - 48 4.0 4.9 (19/48) Site #49 7.0 (4/12) NA 0 2.7 - 19.8 2 miles 0° 2.7- 19.8 Tritium - 16 2000 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Gamma Spec. - 48 Drinking Water Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 (pCi/liter) Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-58 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 1-131 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 60

TABLE 11.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-52Y/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2002 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (fWa Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (f)l Distance and Range Mean (f)a Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Gamma Spec. - 36 Mn-54 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Fe-59 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-58 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Co-60 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zn-65 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Zr-95 30 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Nb-95 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Surface Water 1-131 15 10 (3/36) Site #63 12 (1/12) NA 0 (pCi/liter) 8-12 Onsite 1800 12-12 Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Cs-137 18 13 (2/36) Site #63 13 (2/12) NA 0 12- 13 Onsite 1800 12-13 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD NA 0 Tritium - 12 3000 998 (8/12) Site #63 1022 (4/4) NA 0 808-1177 Onsite 1800 931-1143 PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 61

TABLE 1L.1 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM ANNUAL

SUMMARY

Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Docket Nos. STN 50-528/529/530 Maricopa County, Arizona Calendar Year 2002 Medium or Lower Limit of All Indicator Location with Highest Annual Mean Control Pathway Type and Total Detection Locations Locations Number of Sampled Number of (LLD) Name Mean (f-a Nonroutine (Unit of Analyses (from Table Mean (fDy Distance and Range Mean (f)a Reported Measurement) Performed 6.1) Range Direction Range Measurements Milk Radiochemical - 7 (pCi/liter) 1-131 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Gamma Spec. - 7 Cs-134 15 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Cs-137 18 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 Ba-140 60 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 La-140 15 <LLD NA <LLD <LLD 0 (a) Mean and range based upon detectable measurements only. Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated in parentheses. (0 NOTE: Miscellaneous samples which are not listed on Tables 2.1 and 9.1 (not ODCM required) are not included on this table.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 62

12. References

1. Pre-Operational Radiological Monitoring Program, Summary Report 1979-1985.

2. 1985-2001 Annual Radiological Environmental Operating Reports, Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station.

3. Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Technical Specifications and the Technical Reference Manual (TRM).

4. Offsite Dose Calculation Manual, PVNGS Units 1, 2, and 3.

5. Regulatory Guide 4.8, Environmental Technical Specifications for Nuclear Power Plants.

6. NRC Radiological Assessment Branch Technical Position on Environmental Monitoring, Revision 1, 1979.

PVNGS ANNUAL RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT - 2002 63