ML20151L843
| ML20151L843 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 07/31/1997 |
| From: | NRC |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20151L833 | List: |
| References | |
| CON-NRC-04-94-053, CON-NRC-4-94-53 10.131-03, 10.131-3, NUDOCS 9708070291 | |
| Download: ML20151L843 (47) | |
Text
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Valum210, Pcrt 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Parts I- VI Contents Part I t Gen eral Provis ion s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . . . . .
P u rpose (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 na ining (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..........
......... 1 Responsibilities of the Radiation Safety Officers (RP9) 'C) . . ........... I 3 Responsibilities of Employees (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Part II Permissible Doses, Levels, and Concentrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Occupational Dose Umits for Adults (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Determination of Prior Dose (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. . . . . . . .
Exposure of Individuals to Radioactive Materials in the Air (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Planned Special Exposures (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Occupational Dose Umits for Minors (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Dose Umits for Members of the Public (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7. . . . . . .
Dose to an Embryo or a Fetus (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Compliance With Dose Umits for Members of the Public (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Furnishing of Bioassay Services (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Part III Precau tionary Proced u res . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 S u rveys ( A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Personnel M oni toring (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Caution Signs, Labels, Signals, and Controls (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 l'icking Up, Receiving, and Opening Packages (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Instructions to Employees (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Storage and Control of Radioactive Materials in Unrestricted Areas (F) . . . . . 11 a nn tn,.,.a. 1, a, . m ,nne
V:lume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health S:rvices, and Empl yee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiatuoi Handbook 10.131 Parts I - VI Contents (continued) l Part IV .
Wa s t e D i s pos a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 G eneral Req uireme n t (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Disposal of Radioactive Material by Release Into Sanitary Sewerage Syst e ms ( B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Disposal of Specific Wastes (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 M ixe d Was t e (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 .
Re co r ds ( E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Part V Records, Reports, and Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Records of Surveys, Radiation Monitoring, and Disposal (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 G e neral Provisions (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Records of the NRC Radiation Protection Program (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Re cords of Su rveys (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Records of Prior Dose (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1
Records of Planned Special Exposures (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 l
Records of Individnal Monitoring ResuP_ (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1
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Records or Dose to Individual Members of the Public (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Records of Waste Disposal (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Record Require ments (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Reports of Theft or Loss of Radioactive Material (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Notification of Incidents (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Immediate Notification (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Twenty-four Hour Notification (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Reports of Overexposures and Excessive Levels and Concentrations of Radioactivity (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Reports of Planned Special Exposures (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Notifications and Reports to Individuals (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 h.
' Volume 10, Pcrt 5 - Bernfits, H2cith Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employet., Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Farts I- VI Contents (continued)
Part VI Guidance for Emergency Exposure Control During Rescue and Recovery Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Pu rpose ( A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 G eneral Considerations (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Emergency Situo uens (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Saving Human Ufe (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Protecting Health and Property (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Recovering Deceased Victims (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 f Impl e m e n ta tion (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Tables !
I-1 Occupational Dose Umits for Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 VI-1 Early Biological Effects of Acute Radiation Exposures * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 VI-2 Health Effects Associated With Whole-Body Absorbed Doses Received Within a Few Hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 ,
1 VI-3 Approximate Cancer Risk to Average Individuals From 25 Rem Effective '
Dose Equivalent Delivered Promptly* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 VI-4 Gumance on Dose Umits for Workers Performing Emergency Services * . . 29 Exhibits 1 NRC Form 525," Request for and Authorization of Release of Dosimetry Re co r ds" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2 NRC Form 4, "Ufetime Occupational Exposure History" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3 NRC Form 5, " Occupational Exposure Record for a Monitoring Period" . 34 gaatmed. lulum 1906
l l Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits llealth Senice.s and Employee Safety l Proledice of NRC En.ployees ,Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part I Part I General Provisions Purpose (A)
The purpose of the guidelines and procedures in this handbook is to control the possession, use, and transfer of sources of radiation by NRC personnel in such a manner that the dose to an individual does not exceed the standards of radiation protection prescribed herein and are maintained as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). This handbook also provides standards to protect NRC employees from radiation hazards during licensing, inspection, enforcement, and other regulatory activities including visits to nuclear facilities in other countries.
'IYaining (B)
Each program offiw and region shall establish provisions for radiation safety training commensurate with the duties of their employees. In
, g . eral, the training fiequency should ' e at least once every 2 years.
Employees requesting power reactors and certain fuel cycle facilities to accept NRC site access training in place of their own training for unescorted access will need training every 12 months. In addition, each office should provide discretionary training to ancillary personnel commensurate with their duties.
Responsibilities of the Radiation 2 Safety OIYicers (RSOs)(C) i .,
l RSOs shall-1
- e Ensure that headquarters or regional office proce b es implement
( the provisions of this directive. (1)
Approved: July 23,1996 1
i Volume 10, Pcrt 5 - Bencfits, He-Ith S:rvices, end Et,oloyee Safety Prol . tion of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part I Responsibilities of the Radiation Safety Officers (RSOs)(C)(continued) e Review radiation exposure information on monitored employees in their headquarters or regional offices for overexposures and anomalies and distribute information to managers, as appropriate, to allow them to maintain the doses to their staff ALARA. The ,
release of employe: exposure information should be conducted I with due regard for employee rights under the Privacy Act. (2)
. Furnish radiation exposure information to office directors or regional administrators, who have a need to know, upon request. (3)
Furnish radiation exposure data to current and former employees as required by this directive. (4) e Maintain prior dose records in accordance with Part II(B)(1) of I this handbook, and prepare records for each planned special exposure in accordance with 10 CFR 20.2105(a). (5)
. 1 Furnish reports of overexposures to the appropriate office director j or regional administrator. (6)
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Participate in the annual RSO counterpart meeting, providing copies of procedures and records, as requested, and performing peer reviews of ritten and implemented radiation safety programs. (7) e Determine, in consultation with an employee's immediate {
supervisor, when it is necessary or desirable to furnish bioassay I services to an employee, and assist the employee with obtaining bioassay services, as appropriate. (8) l Responsibilities of Employees (o) ,
i Employees shall-
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e Comply with standards and procedures established by the NRC that are applicable to their own actions and conduct. (1) I e Make every reasonable effort to maintain the sum ofinternal and f external radiation exposure and the release of radioactive materials in effluents to unrestricted areas ALARA. (2) 2 Annrni M- a " 'one
Vclume 10, .Pcrt 5 - Benents, Health Serviktyand Employee Safety Protection of NRC EupAqwes Agawet Ionizing Radiation
-_ mulbook 10.131 Part I Responsibilities of Employees (o)(continued)
- . Use safety and personal protective equipment and other devices necessary for their protection that the employee is provided or instructed to use by the NRC or the radiation protection staff at the site. (3)
. Use correct, safe practices in all official activities and follow I licensee radiation safety procedures during site visits and l inspections. ,'4) e Report any observed radiation hazards to a supervisor as soon as )
reasonably possible. (5) '
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. Inform their RSO of any occupational exposure history in accordance with this management directive and applicable office procedures. (6) ;
e Make every effort to exchange dosimeters, and report lost or damaged dosimeters, in a timely manner. (7)
. If female, inform their RSO if they declare in writing to their immediate supervisor that they are pregnant in accordance with Part II(G) of this handbook. (8) i b
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Approved Julv 21 1006
Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, H=lth S;rvices, cnd Employee Srfety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part II Part II Permissible Doses, Levels, and Concentrations Occupational Dose Limits for Adults (A)
The occupational dose to individual adult employees shall be limited to the following doses:
'Ihble I-1 Occupational Dose Limits for Adults Planned Routine Special Planned Special Dose Rem / Year Rem / Year Rem! Lifetime LDE 15 15 75 SDE,WB 50 50 250 SDE, ME 50 50 250 TEDE 5 5 2" TODE 50 50 250 LDE Lens (eye) dose equivalent measured at a dose depth of 300 mg/cm2 SDE,WB Shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the whole body measured at a dose depth of 7 mg/cm2 averaged over 1 cm2 SDE, ME Shallow dose equivalent to the skin of the maximally exposed extremity measured at a dose depth of 7 mg/cm2 averaged over 1cm2 TEDE Total effective dose equivalent defined as the sum of the deep dose equivalent and the committed effective dose equivalent.
TODE Total organ dose equivalent defined as the sum of the deep dose !
equivalent and the committed dose equivalent to the maximally ,
exposed organ from sources internally deposited.
4 Approved: July 23,1996
V lume 10, Pcrt 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety
- Protection of NRC E.nployees Against Ionizing Radiation '
Handbook 10.131 Part II Determination of Prior Dose (B) i Before authorizing official duties likely to cause an employee to receive an occupational dose requiring monitoring pursuant to Part III of this handbook, the responsible headquarters office director or regional administrator shall ensure that-(1)
The occupational radiation dose received by the employee during the current year has been determined. (a)
An attempt has been made to determine the occupational dose that the employee tias received over his or her lifetime. (b) i ne NRC shall maintain records of prior dose for 75 years from the date !
of the creation of the record (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a). (2) j
" Before allowing an individual to participate in a planned special !
exposure, the responsible region or headquarters program office shall l obtain-(3) l The individual's signed certificate, NRC Form 4, " Lifetime Occupational Exposure History," showing each period the individual was monitored for occupational exposure to radiation and the resuits of that monitoring. (a)
A letter authorizing the planned special exposure signed by the individaal ant the individual's immediate super'cisor, with organizational concurrence through the ' of office dire::or or regional administaator. (b)
In preparing the NRC Form 4, or a clear and legible record containing all the information required in NRC Form 4, NRC shall make a reasonable effort to obtain reports of the individual's previously accumulated occupational dose or a printout from the Radiation Exposure Information ; Reporting System (REIRS) database. The REIRS Privacy Act System of Records, NRC-27, contains additional information regarding records on individuals that are maintained in the system. For each period for which these reports are obtained, the dose shown in the report must be used in preparing NRC Form 4. The provisions of 10 CFR 20.2104(c) shall be observed if records are unavailable. The NRC shall retain and preserve records used in preparing NRC Form 4 and database records for T years from the date of the creation of the record or report (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a and b). (4)
Anoroved: Ju!v 2' 1006 -
V:lume 10, Part 5 - Ben; fits, llealth Senices, and Eopluyer Saf:.ty Protection of NRC Employees Against Irming hJi.Jun-Handbook 10.131 Part 11 __
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Exposure ofIndividuals to Radioactive Materials in the Air (C)
It is assumed that an individual inhales radioactivity at the airborne concentration in which he or she is present unless respiratory protective equipment is used. To ascertain if the sum of external and internal dose is as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA),
concentrations of radioactive materials in the air will be measured to detect and assess airborne radioactivity in restricted areas and, as app.apriate, radioact ivity in the body, excreted from the b-dy, or any combination will be measured to detect and assess individual intakes of radioactivity by exposed individuals. (1)
To limit concentrations of radioactive materials in the air, process or other engineering controls will be used at NRC facilities, to the extent practicable. When it is impractical to apply engineering controls to limit concentrations of radioactive material in the air, other precautionary procedures, such as increased survei!!ance, limitation of working times, or the use of respiratory pro:ection equipment, will be used to maintain the sum ofinternal and external exposures ALARA.
The use of respiratory protection equipment shall be consistent with the provisions in 10 CFR 20.1703. (2)
Planned Special Exposures (o)
The need for a planned special exposure is not anticipated but, if necessary, an office direct: or a regional administrator may authorize an adult employee to rece le a planned special exposure, provided that the conditions specified in 10 CFR 20.1206 are satisfied.
Occupationah Dose Limits for Minors (s)
No individual who is under the age of 18 years shall receive an annual dose in excess of 10 percent of the limits of exposure to sources of radiation or radioactive material under the control of NRC (see Section (A) of this part for limits). Minors may not participate in planned special exposures.
6 Approved: July 23,1996
V@lume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, llealth Services, and Employee Safety 1 Protection of NRC Employees Aga ast Ionizing Radiation .
IIandbook 10.131 Part II l Dose Limits for Members of the PubliC(F) i No member of the public shall receive a dose in excess of 0.1 rem total effective annual dose equivalent from the sum of external and internal exposures from sources of radiation or radioactive material under the control of NRC. This excludes the dose contribution from any disposal of radioactive material into sanitary sewerage pursuant to Part IV of j this handbook. Also, a dose from external sources in unrestricted i areas must be less than 2 millirem in any I hour.
Dose to an Embryo or a Fetus (o) 4 The dose to the embryo or fetus during the entire pregnancy of a !
. woman who has declared in writing to her immediate supervisor that l she is pregnant must not exceed 0.5 rem from the sum of exposure to sources external to the mother, intakes of radioactive material ;
deposited in the mother, and intakes of radioactive material deposited i in the embryo or fetus. If the dose to the declared pregnant worker has {
already exceeded 0.45 rem at the time of the declaration, the dose for i
- the remainder of the pregnancy must be limited to 0.05 rem. Every effort should be made to avoid substantial variation above a uniform monthly exposure rate (i.e., about 55 millirem per month).
Compliance With Dose Limits for !
- Members of the Public (iy NRC offices possessing radioactive material shall measure, as appropriate, radiation levels in unrestricted areas to demonstrate compiiance with the dose limits to members of the public in Section (F) above. Compliance shall be demonstrated using methods consistent with those specified in 10 CFR 20.1302.
Furnishing of Bioassay Services (1)
When the cognizant radiation safety officer (RSO), in consultation with an employee's immediate supervisor, determines that bioassay services are necessary or desirable, appropriate bioassay services shall be made available to the individual to aid in determining the extent of an individual's exposure to concentrations of radioactive material.
Each office or region shall make provisions for obtaining bioassay services if the need arises.
Approved: July 23.1996 7
V lume 10, Pcrt 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Prcte ti:n cf NRC Empl:yees Against Icni;.ing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part III 1
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Part III Precautionary Procedures Surveys :A)
Surveys shall be made at NRC facilities as necessary to comply with the provisions of this handbook and to determine the extent of any radiation hazard that may be present. (1)
Instruments and equipment used for quantitative radiation measurements by NRC employees and/or at NRC facilities (e.g., dose rate measurements and effluent monitoring) shall be calibrated ,
periodically for the radiation measured. (2)
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Personnel Monitoring (a)
NRC licensees are legally responsible for limiting workers' exposures to radioactive material in their possession in accordance with 10 CFR Part 20. This responribility includes visitors as well as the licensee's employees. (1)
When NRC issues a dosimeter, it will be the primary dosimeter of l record unless there is reason to believe that another dose measurement or estimate is more accurate; in which case, the more I accurate dose shall be recorded. NRC headquarters office directors and regional administrators shall ensure that either personnel dosimetry equipment supplied by NRC or the licensee is issued to ) '
NRC employees and used during visits to facilities at which radioactive material is stored or used if any of the following criteria are met: (2)
. An employee is likely to exceed 10 percent of any of the limits listed in Part II (A) of this handbook. (a)
Any employee under 18 years of age is likely to exceed 10 percent of the limits listed in Part U (E) of this handbook. (b) 8 Approved: July 23,1996
i I
Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part III I l
5 Personnel Monitoring (a)(continued) !
A declared pregnant employee is likely to exceed 10 percent of the limits listed in Part U (G) of this handbook. (c) !
All NRC personnel dosimeters used to demonstrate compliance with the dose limits in this handbook shall comply with the provisions in 10 CFR 20.1501, including the use of an accredited dosimetry l processor. Supp'emental dosimeter , uh as pocks. :onization I chambers and electronic dosimeters, may be used also. (3)
If monitorit.3 si required and licensee dosimetry is used ;astead of NRC dosimetry, the dosimetry results shall be obtained from the licensee using NRC Form 525 or an equivalent procedure. The results shall be entered into the employee exposure database. (4)
The NRC is not required to make independent radiation measurements or duplicate radiation safety programs at facilities that are not under its direct control. NRC employees who visit facilities at which they may be exposed to radioactive materials may accept the measurements made by the facility personnel and rely on the radiation safety programs established at the facility. (5)
Caution Signs, Labels. Signals, and Controls (C)
Unless a deviation is authorized by Director, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, caution signs, labels, signals, and controls will be used as specified in 10 CFR 20.1901, 20.1902, 20.1903,20.1904, and 20.1905. (1)
A current copy of this handbook and any operating procedures applicable to work invohring radiation or radioactive material will be conspicuously posted in appropriate locations of NRC facilities to ensure that employees who have the potential to receive an occupational exposure from NRC-controlled radiation sources shall observe these documents. If posting these documents is not practicable, a notice shall be posted that describes the de:uments and states where they may be examined. The office directo. or a designated representative shall keep these documents available for examination upon request. (2) 4
V:lume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, IIealth Services, and F>npiteet Saf ty Protection of NRC Employees Against lonhing Radimon Handbook 10.131 Part III _
Picking Up, Receiving, and ,
Opening Packages (o)
Each region shall maintain and follow procedures consistent with the requirements specified in 10 CFR 20.1906 for safely picking up, receiving, and opening packages in which radioactive material is contained. Due consideration shall be given to special instructions for the type of package being opened. Unexpected packages received at NRC headquarters will be referred to Region I for appropriate action.
The tcgion I radiatio.1 safety officer (RSO) or alternate RSO shall be ,
informed when a package is forwarded. l Instructions to Employees (E)
All employees who have the potential for receiving an occupational dose shall be advised and instructed-(1)
. About the storage, transfer, and use of radioactive materials, and about radiation levels associated with their assigned duties. (a) e About the health protection problems associated with exposure to radioactive materials and radiation, precautions and procedures to minimize exposure, and the purposes and functions of protective devices employed. (b) e To observe to the extent within the worker's control the applicable i
provisions of this handbook for the protection'of personnel from
.gosure to radianon o- adioactive materials associated with their assigned duties. (c) e About their responsibility to promptly report any condition that may lead to or cause a violation of the provisions of this handbook or unnecessary exposure to radiation or to radioactive
! material. (d)
I e About the appropriate response to warnings made in the event of any unusual occurrence.or malfunction that may involve exposure to radiation or radioactive material. (e)
. About the results of monitoring for exposure to radiation or radioactive material on an annual basis. (f)
The extent of these mstmetions will be commensurate with the potential radiological health risk. (2) 10 Approved: July 23,1996
V:lume 10, Part 5 - Bene 11ts,11ealth Savims zud Employee Safety Protection of NRC Emphees AgaiwJ Ionizing Radiation Tinnthook 10.131 Part III Instructions to Employees (s)(continued)
Each individual shall receive appropriate training before being issued a dosimeter, unless the individual will be escorted by someone with
, equivalent training. (3)
Storage and Control of Radioactive Materials in Unrestricted Areas (F)
Radioactive materials stored by NRC in an unrestricted area shall be secured to prevent unauthorized removal from the place of storage. (1)
NRG staff shall control and maintain constant surveillance of radioactive material that is in an unrestricted area and not in storage. (2)
I Annroved Julv 23 1006
V:iume 10, P rt 5 - Benefits, Health S:rvices, and Employee Srfety Protection of NRC Empi:yees Ag: inst Ionizing Radi. *!9n Handbook 10.131 Part IV .
4 Part IV Waste Disposal General Requirennent (A)
No NRC facility shall dispose of radioactive material except under any of the following conditions:
. By transfer to an authorized recipient (1)
. As provided in Sections (B) and (C) of this part or in Part H (H) of this handbook (2)
. As otherwise provided in NRC regulations for licensees (3)
Disposal of Radioactive Material by R.elease Into Sanitary Sewerage Systems (B)
Radioactive materia; raay be discharged into a sanitary sewer g 'em if the conditions specified in 10 CFR 20.2003 are satisfied. Care should be taken to comply wiu local and S+ ate regulatory requirements concerning the nonradioactive properties of materials discharged into a sanitary sewer system.
Disposal of Specific Wastes (C)
NRC facilities may dispose of wastes specified in 10 CFR 20.2005 as if they are not radioactive.
Mixed Waste (o)
The generation of mixed radiological and hazardous waste at NRC facilities will be avoided if at all possible. Any mixed waste generated will be managed and disposed of in accordance with all applicable Federal and State regulations.
12 Approved: July 23,1996
Vclume 10, P rt 5 - Benefits, Health Services and Employee Safety I Protection of NRC Employees Against Ioniziag Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part IV ;
l Records (E)
Records of any waste disposal made pursuant to this part will be I maintained in accordance with Part V of this handbook.
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l Approved: Julv23.1906 )
Volume 10, Pcrt 5 - Benefits,11e-Ith Scryices, cnd Employee Snf:ty Protecti:n cf NRC Empl:yees Against Ionizing Radian:n llandbook 10.131 Part V Part V Records. Reports, and Notifications
! Records of Surveys, Radiation Monitoring, and Disposal (A)
General Provisions (1)
The records required by this handbook will contain the units curie, rad, and rem, including multiples and subdivisions, and the units will' be clearly indicated. Units of roentgen and disintegrations per minute (dpm) are acceptable on records of radiation and contamination surveys. The quantities on the records also will be clearly indicated as the total effective dose equivalent, the shallow dose equivalent, the deep dose equivalent, the eye dose equivalent, and the committed effective dose equivalent. The shallow dose equivalent pertains to both the maximum extremity and the skin of the whole body,(a)
The retention requirements of this directive and handbook are not inte- led to limit or reuuce any other NRC record retention ,
requirements. (b)
Records of the NRC Radiation Protection Program (2) l Historical records of the provisions specified in this directive and i
handbook, including any interpretations or deviations, shall be I maintained by the Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards (NMSS), for 10 years in accordance with NUREG-0910, Schedule 1-2.2.b. (a)
Audits and other reviews of program content and implementation will be maintained in accordance with standard NRC record retention requirements. (b) 14 Approved: July 23,1996
Volunie 10, Part 5 - Benefits, llealth Ser vices, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part V k
Records of Surveys, Radiation Monitoring, and Disposal (A)(continued)
Records of Suneys (3)
Records showing the results of surveys and calibrations required by Part III (A) of this handbook are unscheduled and must be retained mtil a records Fsposition schedule is angoved by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). (a)
The following records, when applicable to an individual, will be retained for 75 years from the date of the creation of the record (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a). (b)
Records of the results of surveys to determine the dose from external sources and used in the absence of or in combination with individual monitoring data in the assessment of individual dose equivalents. (i)
Records of the results of measurements and calculations used to ,
determine indiiduaiintakes of radioactive material and used in j the at.sessmen; d internal dose. (ii)
J Records of the results of measurements and calculations used to I evaluate the release of radioactive effluents to the environment. I These records are unscheduled and must be retained until a records dispositio,. scheduie is approved by NA"A. (iii)
Records of Prior Dose (4)
Records of prior dose will be prepared pursuant to Part II(B) of this handbook. (a)
Records of prior dose will be maintained for 75 years from the date of the creation of the record (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a). (b)
Records of Planned Special Exposures (5)
For each planned special exposure of an NRC employee, the radiation safety officer (RSO) for that employee shall ensure that the records specified in 10 CFR 20.2105(a) are prepared. (a)
3 Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, IIcalth Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Ifandbook 10.131 Part V Records of Surveys, Radiation Monitoring, and Disposal (A)(continued)
Records of Planned Special Exposures (5) (continued)
Records of planned special exposures will be maintained for 75 years from the date of the creation of the record (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a). (b)
Records ofIndividual Monitoring Results (6)
NRC shall maintain records of doses received by NRC employees for whom monitoring was required and records of doses received during planned special exposures, accidents, and emergency conditions.
These records will include the same information required by 10 CFR 20.2106(a). These records will be stored under the NRC's Privacy Act System of Records (NRC-27, " Radiation Exposure Information Reporting System [REIRS) Files"). (a)
Entries on the records specified in (a) above will cover periods not exceeding I calendar year. (b)
The records required by this section will be in a format similar to that of NRC Form 5, " Occupational Exposure Record for a Monitoring Period." (c)
The records required unde; this section shall be protected from public disclosure pursuant to the Privacy at of 1974, as amended. (d)
NRC shall maintain records of dose to an embryo or a fetus with the records of dose to the declared pregnant woman. The declaration of pregnancy also will be kept on file but may be maintained separately from the dose records. Both records will be stored under the NRC's Privacy Act System of Records (NRC-27, REIRS). (e)
Records of individual monitoring results will be maintained for 75 years from the date of the creation of the record (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.a). (f)
Dosimeter and film badge processing reports will be maintained for 75 years from the date of the report (see NUREG-0910, Schedule 2-22.5.b). (g) 1A
Volume 10, Part 5.- &neGs, h01.b Swn.us, and Employee Safety Protectirm ofNRCfaphsm/4iurA Ionizing Radiation Ewrabook 10.131 Part V l
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= :. . . ._
1 Records of Surveys, Radiation
~
Monitoring, and Disposal (A)(continued)
! ~
Records of Dose to Individual Members of the Public (7)
Each headquarters and regional office possessing radioactive i material, other than quantities that are exempt from NRC regulations, !
shall maintain records sufficient to c'mcastrate compliance with the
, dose limit for individual members of the public. (a) a The reco-t required by (a) above are unscheduled and must be retained until a records disposition schedule is approved by NARA. (b) )
a Recrds of Waste Disposal (8) )
Records of waste disposal made pursuant to Part IV of this handbook are unscheduled and must be retained until a records disposition schedule is approved by NARA.
Record Requirements (9)
Each record required by this part shall be accumulated in locations formally designaud as " official file stations" and retained in )
accordance with the applicable NARA-approved records disperition miedules contained in NUREG-0910, "NRC Comprehensive Records Disposition ScheJule.' The file custodian of these records shall maintain an updated files maintenance and disposition plan (NRC Form 306) for each respective official file station in accordance with Management Directive (MD) 3.53,"NRC Records Management Program," that includes the records schedule number and approved disposition for each record series maintained. These records are to be transferred to the Office of Information Resources Management (IRM) for storage when they become inactive or when they are 2 to 3 years old, whichever comes first. Any changes in the media used to store these records shall be coordinated with the NRC Records Officer (i.e., Chief, Information and Records Management Branch, IRM) to ensure that the records are properly scheduled and that the records are retained accordingly, s
i Volu.ae 10, Part 5 - Benefits, llealdt Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Ernployees Againsi lonidng Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part V Reports of Theft or Loss of Radioactive Mrferial (n)
Headquarters and regional . offices shall report by telephone to the NRC Operations Center under either of the following circumstances: (1)
. Immediately after discovering that any radioactive material in a vantity greater than 1000 times the quantity soecified in 10 CFR 20.1001-2402, Appendix , is lost, stolen, or missing under circumstances that an exposure could result to persons in unrestricted ;
areas.(a) !
. Within 30 days after discovering that any lost, stolen, or missing radioactive material in a quantity greater than 10 times the quantity specified in 10 CFR 20.1001-2402, Appendix C, is still missing. (b)
Within 30 days of reporting the lost, stolen, or missing radioactive material, the reporting office si'all submit to the Director, NMSS, and the appropriate Deputy Executive Director for Operations a written report containing the following information: (2)
. A description of the radioactive materialinvolved, including kind, quantity, chemical form, and physical form. (a)
. A description of the circumstances under which the loss or theft ;
occurred. (b)
. A statement of disposition or probable disposition .. the radioactive material involved. (c)
I
. Radiation exposures to individuals, circumstances under which the -
exposures occurred, and the possible total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) to persons in unrestricted areas. (d)
. Actions that were taken or will be taken to recover the material. (e)
. Procedures or measures that were adopted or will be adopted to prevent a recurrence of the loss or theft of radioactive material. (f)
Subsequent to filing the written report, the reporting office also shall report to the Director, NMSS, and the appropriate Deputy Executive Director for Operations any substantive additional information on the loss or theft that becomes available within 30 days of learning this information. (3) 10
Volume .19, l'arl 5 - Benclim, EtalQi $tn'tw% and Employee Safety l
- Protection rENRC Employees AphrM Ionizing Radiation :
7 . _-
llandbook 10.131 Part V !
l Notification ofIncidents(c)
Immediate Notification (1) ,_ {
4 Headquarters and regional offices shall immediately notify the NRC Operations Center in person or by telephone after discovering any incident involving radioactive material under NRC control that may have caused-
. An individual to receive any of the following: (a) I A total effective dose equivalent of 25 rem (0.25 Sv) or more (i)
An eye dose equivalent of 75 rem (0.75 Sv) or more (ii) l 4
A shallow dose equivalent to the skin or extremities of250 rads l
(2.5 Gy) or more (iii) '
The release of radioactive material inside or outside a restricted area that could cause an individual present for 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> to receive an intake five times the annual limit on intake. Note: The
, provisions of this paragraph do not apply to locations in which i
personnel are not normally stationed during routine operations, such as hoteells or process enclosures. (b)
Twenty-four Hour Notification (2)
Heaaquarters and regional onices shall notify tM NRC Operations Center in person or by telephone within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of discovering any of the followin'g events involving radioactive material under NRC control:
. An event that may have caused an individual to receive any of the following in a period of 24 hour2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />s:(a)
A total effective dose equivalent of 5 rem (0.05 Sv) or more (i)
An eye dose equivalent of 15 rem (0.15 Sv) or more (ii)
A shallow dose equivalent to the skin or extremities of 50 rem (0.5 Sv) or more (iii)
. An event that may have caused a release of radioactive material inside or outside a restricted area that could cause an individual present for 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> to receive an intake in excess of one annual
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Volume f0, Part 5 - Benefits, IIcalth Services, and Employee Safety ;
Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiahon Handbook 10.131 Part V l Notification ofIncidents(C)(continued)
'Ikenty-four Hour Notification (2) (continued) limit on intake (ALI). Note:The provisions of this paragraph do not apply to locations in which personnel are not normally stationed i during routine operations, such as hoteells or process '
enclosures. (b)
An unplanned contamination event that requires access to the contaminated area, by workers or the public, to be restricted for more than 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> byimposing additional radiological controls or prohibiting entry into the area. (c) 4 An event that requires unplanned medical treatment at a medical facility of an individual with spreadable radioactive contamination on the individual's clothing or body. (d)
An unplanned fire or explosion that damages radioactive material, or any device, container, or equipment containing radioactive material when-(e) ( -
The quantity of material involved is greater than five times the lowest ALI specified for the materialin 10 CFR 20.1001-2402, Appendix B (i)
The damage af.ects the mtegrity of the radioactive mat-ial or its container (ii)
Reports of Overexposures and Excessive Levels and Concentrations of Radioactivity (o)
In addition to any notification required by Section (C) of this part, headquarters and regional offices shall submit a written report to the Director, NMSS, and the appropriate Deputy Executive Director within 30 days of discovering any of the following events: (1)
. Each exposure of an individual to radiation or radioactive material in excess of the applicaNe limits specified in Part II of this handbook (a)
Any incident for which notification is required by Section (C) of this part (b) >
i Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, IIcalth Services, and Employee Safety l Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation ;
i Handbook 10.131 Part V !
Reports of Overexposures and Excessive Levels and Concentrations of Radioactivity (D)(continued)
Levels of radiation or concentrations of radioactive material '
in-(c)
- A restricted area in excess of any applicable limit specified in 10 CFR Part 20 (i)
An unrestricted area in excess of 10 times any applicable limit specified in 10 CFR Part 20, whether or not these levels cause an overexposure (ii)
Each written report required by this section must describe the extent of exposure of individuals to radiation or to radioactive material, including, as appropriate-(2) e i
Estimates of each individual's dose (a) e The levels of radiation and concentrations of radioactive material involved (b)
The cause of the event (c) >
e lhe corrective steps taken or rianned(d)
Each written report required by this section shall inelude, in a separate
' and detachable part, the name, social security number, and date of birth for each individual exposed. If an embryo or a fetus is involved, the identifiers should be those of the declared pregnant woman. (3)
Reports of Planned Special (
Exposures (E)
Headquarters and regional offices shall submit a written report to the Director, NMSS, and the appropriate Deputy Executive Director '
within 30 days of any planned special exposure inform! .g them that a J planned special exposure was conducted, indicating the date the planned special exposure occurred, and providing the information '
required by Section (A)(5)(a) of this part.
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Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part V Notifications and Reports to Individuals (F)
" Radiation exposure data for an individual and the results of any measurements, analyses, and calculations of radioactive material deposited or retained in the body of an individual will be reported to the individual on at least an annual basis or as otherwise specified in this , cart. The information reported will include data ond results obtained pursuant to the provisions of this handbooi. Each notification and report will be in writing and will include appropriate t identifying data, such as the name of the individual, the individual's social security number, the individual's exposure information, and will contain the following statement: (1) '
This report is furnished to you under the provisions of Management Directive 10.131. You should preserve this report for further reference.
At the employee's request, the NRC shall advise the employee of any exposure to radiation or radioactive material as shown in records maintained pursuant to this handbook. (2)
At the request of an individual formerly engaged in activities involving exposure to radiation while employed by the NRC, the individual will be furnished a report of exposure to radiation or radioactive material.
This report-(3) >
e Will be furnished within 30 days from the time the request is made or within 30 days after the exposure has been determined, whichever is later (a)
. Will cover, for the period of time specified in the request, each year in which the individual's activities involved exposure to radiation or radioactive material associated with NRC activities (b) l l
. Will include the dates and office assignments for the individual
- who participated during this period (c)
When a report of an overexposure to radiation or radioactive material is required under Section (D) of this part, the individual shall be notified.The NRC shall transmit this notice before or at the same time as the report. (4)
t Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation
( Handbook 10.131 Part V Notifications and Reports to :
Individuals (F)(continued)
At the request of an individual who is terminating NRC employment that involved exposure to radiation or radioactive materials, the NRC l shall provide, at termination, a written report regarding the radiation i
<bse received by that individual during their employment with the NRC. If the most.ecent individual monited,g results are not available )
1 at that time, a written estimate will be provided, together with a clear indication that it is an estimate. (5)
)
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Volume l0, Pari 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part VI l
Part VI Guidance for Emergency Exposure Control During Rescue and Recovery Activities Purpose (A)
The emergency action guidance contained in this part provides instructions and background information for use by NRC employees in de.ermining appropriate actions for the rescue and recovery of perseas and the protection of health and property during an emergency.
]
General Considerations (B) (
Rescue and recovery operations should always be performed so as to minimize the risk of injury to those persons involved in such operations, to limit radiation exposures consistent with the saving of j human life and the rt ;overy or deceased victims, and to protect the '
health of the public and preserve property. Performing rescue and recovu) operations rent. res the promot assessment d hazards that may be involved with these operations and the determination of alternate methods of accomplishing them. Sound judgment, flexible plans, and adequate and versatile resources are crucial to the success ;
of rescue and recovery operations. (1) 1 To avoid undue restrictions on actions that may be necessary dunng rescue and recovery operations, these instructions include flexibility in the establishment of exposure limits by responsible officials. The determination of exposures appropriate to rescue and recovery operations is the responsibility of the official in charge of these operations. (2)
The officialin charge of the rescue or recovery activity shall determine the suitability of any proposed action involving radiation exposure by weighing the risks of radiation exposure, actual or potential, against 7
24
V62ume 10, Part 5- &nelits,llea#h Servers, und Employee Safety Protectirm ofMRC Empk6 m Against Ionizing Radiation
-( ' Handbook 10.131 Part VI
- =:-
General Considerations (n)(continued) the benefits to be gained by the proposed action. The magnitude of the :
expected individual and collective doses and the biological ,
consequences related to these doses are the essential elements to be !
evaluated in making a risk determination. (3)
The following tables list some of the b.mogical effects associated with :
various radiation doses:(4) table VI-1 Early Biological Effects of Acute Radiation Exposures
- 1 Radiation Dose Acute Effect ;
i 10 rads, whole body Elevated number of chromosome ,
aberrations; no clinical injury or symptoms 25-50 rads, whole body Changes in number of blood cells 150 rads, whole body Mild radiation sickness-nausea, vomiting, and fatigue are possible 300 rads, whole body Probably will resultin death for 50%
of untreated population 5 rads, whole body Probably will result in death of 50%
of exposed pope'ation with good supportive medical treatment 1000-2000 rads, whole body Death in 3-10 days from intestinal tract damage 10,000 rads or more, Death within 48 hours5.555556e-4 days <br />0.0133 hours <br />7.936508e-5 weeks <br />1.8264e-5 months <br /> as a result whole body of central nervous system damage 200-400 rads, locally to eye Cataract probablein 50% of exposed population 500-700 rads to skin (areas Erythema larger than 50 square cm) l 1000-2000 rads to skin (areas Erythema and blistering and blistering larger than 50 square cm)
- NUREG/CR-4214. " Health Effects Models for Nuclear Pour Plant Accident Consequence Analysis," Revision I, Part II, Addendum 1, August 1991, and EPA 400-R-92-001, Manual of Protective Action Guides and Protective Actions for Nuclear Incidents," May 1992. 1
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l Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part VI l l
General Considerations (a)(continued) l
~~
Table VI--2 Health Effects Associated With Whole-Body Absorbed Doses Received Within a Few Hours
- Whole-Body Early Whole-Body Absorbed Dose Fatalities Absorbed Dose Prodromal Effects **
(rad.. (percent) (rads) (percent affected) 140 5 50 2 200 15 100 15 300 50 150 50 400 85 200 85 460 95 253 98
- EPA 400-R-92-001," Manual of Protective Action Guides and Protective Actions for Nuclear Incidents," May 1992.
" Warning symptoms (e.g., nausea, fatigue, and so on)of more serious health effects associated with large doses of radiation. .
(
Pable VI-3 Approximate Cancer Risk to Average !
Individuals From 25 Rem Effective Dose t Equivalent Delivered Promptly*
Approximate Risk Average Years of Age os of Prec..:ture Death Life Lost If Premature Exposure (deaths per 1,000 Death Occurs >
(years) persons exposed) (years) 20 to 30 9.1 24 30 to 40 7.2 19 40 to 50 5.3 15 50 to 60 3.5 11
- EPA 400-R-9?A)01, Manual of Protective Action Guides and Protective Actions for Nuclear Incidents," May 1992.
In these instructions, the criteria for accident situations that involve saving lives and valuable property and protecting the health of the public differ from the criteria for recovering deceased victims. In the latter instance, the amount of expected dose received by individual l participants should be limited to occupational exposure limits. (5) '
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Volume 10, Part 5 - 13cnefits, Ilealth Services, and Employee Safety ,
Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation '
IIandbook 10.131 Part VI General Considerations (B)(continued) i The use of. potassium iodide will be considered to minimize thyroid doses. Scientific data shows th: to 1.mximize its benefit, potassium iodide must be taken several hours before the planned exposure. (6) i Emergency Situations (C)
Specific dose cnteria and judgment fauvrs are specified for three I categories of actions: saving human life, recovering deceased victims, and protecting health and property. When emergency actions are likely to affect an employee or facility of an NRC licensee, emergency actions will be coordinated with those specified in the licensee's emergency plans
{
or other existing plans to avoid any appreciable differences between dose l
criteria and judgment factors used by the NRC and the licensee. These l actions will not be limited to the rescue of NRC employees and NRC {
contractors alone but will also apply to employees of licensees, l
contractors, and visitors. Guidance on dose limits for workers performing emergency services extracted from the Emironmental {
Protection Agency (EPA) " Manual of Protective Action Guides and Protective Actions for Nuclear Incidents" is provided in Table Vl-4 of this part.
Saving Human Life (1)
When a reasonable expectation exists that an individuM is alive within the auccted areas during an emergency and is in .eed of rescue or medical treatment, the course of action to be pursued should be '
determined by the official onsite having responsibility for emergency actions. (a)
The official on site having responsibility for emergency action shall determine the amount of exposure suitable for this type of action. The dose expected in performing the action must be weighed in terms of the effects of acute external whole-body exposure and the entry of radioactive material into the body. In accordance with EPA's protective action guide, the official may permit volunteers to receive a dose up to 25 rem total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) without l informed consent for emergency lifesaving activities. Any lifesaving action that may involve a dose greater than 25 rem TEDE, or other i substantial personal risk, must be performed by volunteers advised of the known or estimated risk before participation. Preference will be given to volunteers who meet the following criteria: (b)
)
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Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee . Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing. Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part VI i i
Emergency Situations (c)(continued) ,
Saving Human Life (1) (continued) !
e Over 45 years of age (i) _
e Physically fit and in good physical condition as determined by a ,
recent physical examination, for example, no adverse heart i condition (ii) ,
le 'abhshing exposure limits for the rescue operation, the official "
shan keep in mind that the accuracy of the prediction of radiation ;
injury cannot be any better than the accuracy of the dose estimate.
Therefore, consideration will be given to limits of error associated with the specificinstruments and techniques used to estimate the dose.
This process is especially crucial when the estimated doses are greater than 25 rem. The possibility of reducing estimated doses through 1 appropriate mechanisms, such as the use of protective equipment, remote manipulation equipment, the use of potassium iodide, or ,
similar means, will be considered. (c) l When making a decision to perform the action, the risk to rescue !
personnel will be weighed against the probability of the success of the (
rescue action. (d)
I Protecting Health and Property (2)
When the risk (probability and severity) of the radiation hazard either bears significantly on the state Of health of people or may result in undue loss of property and requires immediate remedial action, the <
following criteria apply:
e When the official in charge of emergency action onsite deems it essential to reduce a potential hazard or to prevent a substantial loss of property and determines that occupational dose limits applicable to routine operations may be exceeded, an emergency exposure consistent with guidance on dose limits specified in Table VI-4 may be authorized. However, planned special exposures are encouraged ;
if there is time (see Part II of this handbook). (a) ,
e When the potential risk of radiation hazard following a nuclear incident jeopardizes life or poses severe adverse effects on the public health, the criteria specified in Section (C)(1) of this part for the saving of human life apply. (b)
Recovering Deceased Victims (3)
Accidents that involve recovering deceased victims require criteria different from those for saving lives. Because the element of time is no ,
+ . - . . . + . . . .+~-e-e . - - . - . ~w w
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Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Employee Safety !
Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation ,
Handbook 10.131 Part VI I i
1 Emergency Situations (c)(continued)
Recovering Deceased Victims (3) (continued) longer a critical factor, more time may be allowed for the planning of the recovery operation. The amount of radiation exposure received by persons engaged in these recovery operations should be within existing occupational exposure !""r (See Part II of this handbook.)(a)
When bodies are located in areas that are inaccessible because of high radiation fields and the recovery mission would result in exposure in !
excess of occupational exposure limits, remote recovery devices will be used to the extent practical to retrieve the bodies. (b) l In special circumstances, such as the entry of emergency workers into high radiation fields to recover bodies, the individual in charge of the recovery mission rnay determine that it is necessary to exceed the occupational exposure limits applicable to routine operations. In this case, a planned special exposure may be authcrized for participating individuals. (See Part II of this handbook.) (c)
Table VI-4 Guidance on Dose Limits for Workers Perrorming Emergency Services
- buse Lin P.
(rem) Activity Condition 5 All 10 Protecting valuable I.ower dose not practicable property 25 Lifesavin or Lower dose not practicable protectin large populations
> 25 Lifesavin or Only on a voluntary basis to protectin large persons fully aware of the populations risks involved
' EPA 400-R-92401," Manual of Protecti r Action Guides and Protective AcCons for Nuclear Incidents," May 1992.
NOTE: " Dose limit" refers to the surn of external effective dose equivalent and mmmitted effective dose equivalent to nonpregnant adults from exposure and intake during an emergency situation. Workers performing services dunng emergencies should limit the dose to the lens of the eye to three times the bsted value and doses to any other organ, including skin and body extremities. to 10 times the listed values.
Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and ErnpIvyn Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation Handbook 10.131 Part VI l
Implementation (D) l Each regional office mus: establish a plan to implement this guidance !
for emerg6ncy response during rescue and recovery activities. This plan will-e Designate an individual by position or title who has authority to authorize emergency workers to receive doses in excess of limits spded in this handbook. The regional administrator ir each region should be designated as tue leed person in charge of emergency action for the region. (1) e Provide for periodic training, including written examinations, to all appropriate regional personnel on the emergency exposure procedures to be followed during rescue and recovery activities. (2) l I
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Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, IIcalth Services, and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation
- f. Handbook 10.131 Exhibits Exhibit 1 NRC Form 525, " Request for and Authorization of Release of Dosimetry Records" 525 LitL NUCLEAR HOGLLATOFN COMhESSION REQUEST FOR AND AUTHORIZATION OF RELEASE OF DOFIMETRY RECORDS REQUEST TO NAME OF ORGAN 2ATION NAME OF FACtUTY ADORES $'
REQUEST FROM NAME OF NRC EMPLOYEE {
SOOAL SECURITY NUMBER '
EXPOSURE RECORD PERIOD I
btusem END*C l
the perkd ilsted here be provided to:l request, parsuert to 10 CFR 19.13, that a copy of my exposure RADIATION SAFETY OFFICER MAIL STOP U, S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHINGTON, DC 205S5 GCNATUFIE NFtC EMPLOYEE MTE
- ,- . m .. o Approved: July 23.1996
Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits, Health Services, and Emplope Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation
- Handbook 10.131 Exhibits
.i 4
Exhibit 1 (Continued) 5 PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT 2
Pursuant to .- *).S.C. 552a(e)(3), enaded into inw by Section 3 of the PrNacy Act of 1974 (Puolic Law 93479),
the following statement is fumished to indMduals who supply truormation to the Nuclear Regdatory Commission i
on NRC Form 525. This information is maintained in a system of records designated as NRC-11 and descrtW at 55 Federal Register 33375 (August 20.1990).
4
- 1. AUINORITY: 42 U.S.C. 2073,2093,2095,2111, 4. WHETHER DISCLOSUREIS MANDATORYOR
' 2133,2134, and 2201(o) (1988). The authortry VOLUMTARY AND EFFECT ON INDMDUAL
' for solleting the social securty number is OF NOT PROVIDING INFORMATION: It is ExecutNe Order 9397, dated November 22, voluntary that you fumisti the requested 1943. Information, including social securty number, however, the licensee rnust provide radiation
- 2. PRINCIPAL PURPOSE (S): The information is exposure data upon your request as required used by the NRC in its evaluation of the risk of under 10 CFR 19.13 and in accordance with the f
t radiation exposure associated with NRC requiremords imposed under 10 CFR 20.401 to actMtles and in exercising as statutory keep records of radiation exposure of aR responsibiky to montor and regulate the safety indMduals entering a restrided area. Falure to and health practices of its employees. The data provide the social securty number to the permits maintaining a complete record of licensee enay result in the licensee being unable radiation exposure receked whle performing to pa~yately identry the individual requesting NRC business. Data on your exposure to .wflation exposure information. The soc *
- tediation is avalable to you upon your request. securky number is used to ensure that NRC and
. . the licensee have an accurate identifier not
- 3. ROUTINE USES: The Information may be used subject to the Jlncidence of simRar names or ;
to provide data to other Federal and State birthdates etnong the large number of persons ;
agencies involved in ii u, Au/.4 and/or on whom data is maintahed, evaluathg radiation exposure receked by NRC l employees employed as radiation workers on a 6. SYSTEM MANAGER (S) AND ADDRESS:
permanent or temporary basis and exposure received by monkored viskors. This information DIRECTOR may also be disclosed to an appropriate OFFICE OF PERSONNEL Feders. State, or local egency in the event the U. S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION information indicates a violation or potential WASHINGTON DC 20565 violation of law and in the course of an administratNo or judicial proceeding, l
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Volume 10, Part 5 - Benefits,11ealth Mrvimi,..and Employee Safety Protection of NRC Employees Against Ionizing Radiation
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T 02/25/97 LESC0001 NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION . EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE INDIVIDUAL DOSE
SUMMARY
REPORY pAGE 1 01/01/1991 THRU 02/25/1997 EMPLOYEE NAME: RAMSEY. KEVIN SSN: 164-56-4524 PRIOR SDE.WB (REh): 0.044 INCLUDES ALL EXPOSURES PRIOR DDE (REM) : 0.044 PRIOR TO START OF REPORT ;
====o============================================== EXTERNAL EXPOSURE
SUMMARY
===================================================
4 WHOLE BODY
. START DATE END DATE DDE (REM) SDE.WB (REM) SDE.ME (REM) LDE (REM) 0FFICE 05/06/1991 05/14/1991 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 h/SS 11/2S/1991 12/09/1991 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 NHSS ,~
07/01/1992 09/30/1992 0.000 0.000 0.000. 0.000 NMSS 10/01/1992 12/31/1992 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 NMSS TOTAL EXTERNAL EXPOSJRE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 t
=================================================== =================================================== INTERNAL EXPOSURE
SUMMARY
i CDE CEDE MEASURED COMMENTS DATE NUCLIDE AMOUNT. UNIT ORGAN (REM) (REM) , NO RECORDS FOUND.
+
t f YOU SHOULD PRESERVE THIS REPORT FOR rURTHER REFERENCE" 'THIS REPORT IS FURNISHED TO YOU UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF MD 10.131. THIS REPORT MAY ALSO REFLECT-
- THE RESULTS IN THIS REPORT REFLECT READINGS FROM NTC SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS.
REDDfMGS FROM LICENSEE SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS.
r # '- nor < Mb , EE3C0002 NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION -('/04/28/93 PAGE - EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE OFFICE
SUMMARY
REPORT 1 4-WHOLE BODY, REMS 01/01/1992 THRU 03/31/1992 p 0FFICE: NMSS _ TOTAL WHOLE BODY DOSE ME ASilR AB LE EMPLOYEE NAME DEEP SHALLOW INTERNAL DOSE CASSANO, RICHARD 0.000 0.000 NO CASTANEIRA, ROCIO 0.000 0.000. NO ARTHUR 0.000 0.000 NO CLARK, FLOYD, WILLIAM 0.000 0.000 NO GIARRATANA. ANGELO 0.000 0.000 NO GILRAY, JOHN 0.000 0.000 NO HANEY, CATHERINE 0.000 0.000 .0 0.000 0.000 NO HARVEY. MARGARET HICKEY. JOHN 0.000 0.000 NO ' JACKSON, RAYMOND 0.000 0.000 'NO JOY, DONALD 0.000~ 0.000 NO KASUN, DONALD 0.000 0.000 NO t 0.000 0.000 NO LAYTON. MICHAEL 0.000 NO LUBINSKI, JOHN O.000 0.000 0.000 NO MC DANIEL. MEITH 0.000 0.000 NO ; MILSTEIN, RICHARD
- NALLUSWAMI, M 0.000 0.000 NO PENNINGTON, WILLIAM O.000 0.000 NO PERKINS, MICHAEL 0.000 0.000 NO NO !'
PHAM, THOMAS 0.000 0.000 ROBINSON, CHARLES 0.000 0.000 NO 0.000 0.000 NO .! SOONG. AN-LIANG 0.000 NO , i TEN EYCK, ELIZABETH 0.000 TURTIL, RICHARD 0.000 0.000 NO l' t WILLIAMS, MARTHA 0.000 0.000 NO I 0.000 0.000 , TOTAL EXTERNAL EXPOSURE FOR NMSS r i i h i THE RESULTS IN THIS REPORT REFLECT READINGS F ROM NRC CONTRACTOR SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS THIS REPORT MAY ALSO REFLECT READINGS FROM LICENSEE SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS.
/ ,
6 k
._______..._.__..____._.____.__.._______m__ ..___m_ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _____.1__.______. _____m_____.. -
a m , NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSTON PAGE 1 EESC0002 EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE OFFICE
SUMMARY
REPORT WHOLE BODY, REMS 01/01/1995 THRU 12/31/1995 ' 0FFICE: NMSS SDE.WB SDE ME LDE CDE CEDE .v EMPLOYEE NAME DDE _________ _________ _________ _________ Dpg3 ) NR NR NR NR : ABU-EID, RATEB NR NR NR NR BAILEY, MARISSA NR ND NR NR BELKE, WILLIAM NR NR NR BELL, MICHAEL BERNERO, ROBERT NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR (bOgt hO (C'pp i BRADBURY, JOHN NR NR NR NR \ffg;$ \v, BROADDUS, n0UGLAS NR NR NR NR bld BROWN, STEWART NR NR NR NR i CASSANO, RICHARD CAUDILL. STEPHEN NR NR NR NR NR NR NR d$ dd' j. NR CHEN, YEN-JU NR NR NR NR f Cdl COLLINS, CHIQUITA COOL, DONALD NR NR NR ND NR ND NR I fTOI 1 CROSSMAN, VIOLET NR ND NP NR (N gC kd>}p(
- NR [
GLENN, CHAD NR NR hR NR 7 gf\ GREENWALD, JUDITH NR NR NR NR ' HANEY, CATHERINE NR NR NR NR HARMON, CHARLES NR NR NR NR HOGG, ROBERT NR NR NR NR JOHNSON, TERRY NR NR NR NR JOHNSON, TIMOTHY NR NR NR NR JONES, THOMAS NR NR NR NR JOY, DONALD NR ND NR NR JUSTUS, PHILIP NR NR NR NR KELLY, b,ICHAEL NR NR NR NR KNAPP, MALCOLM NR NR NR NR LESSLER. LANCE NR NR NR NR LEWIS, ROBERT NR NR NR NR LIGHT, CHRISTOPHE NR NR NR NR MENCELSOHN, BARRY NR NR NR NR MILSTEIN. RICHARD NR NR NR NR MOORE, '. COT T NR NR NR NR MOSER, f.ONNA NR NR NR NR ONG. LONG NR NR NR NR ORLANDO. DOMINICK NR NR NR NR PARK, AMES NR NR NR NR PARROT JACK NR NR NR NR PERSON. LEROY NR NR NR NR PHAM, THOMAS NR NR NR NR RADCLIFFE, WILLIAM NR NR NR NR RADDATZ, MICHAEL NR NR NR NR ROTH, JEROME NR NR NR NR SCHNEIDER, JAMES NR NR NR NR SERIG, DENNIS NR NR NR NR SHEWMAKER, ROBERT . THE RESULTS IN THIS REPORTREADINGS REFLECT READINGS FROM NRC CONTRACTOR FROM LICENSEE SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS THIS REPORT MAY ALSO REFLECT
EESC0002 NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE OFFICE
SUMMARY
REPORT PAGE 2 WHOLE BODY. REMS 01/01/1995 THRU 12/31/1995 0FFICE: NMSS EMPLOYEE NAME DL E SDE,WB SDE.ME LDE CDE CEDE SMITH. GARRETT NR NR NR NR STOUT. DONALD NR NR NR NR TROSKOSKI. WILLIAM NR NR NR NR ULECK, RONALD NR NR NR NR WELLER, RICHARD NR NR NR NR WHALEY. DEWEY NR NR NR NR WHITE, BERNARD NR NR AR NR WITHEE, CARL NR NR NR NR ZIBULSKY, HARVEY NR NR NR NR TOTAL EXTERNAL EXPOSURE FOR NMS 0.010 0.010 NR ND ND ND THE RESULTS IN THIS REPORT REFLECT READINGS FROM NRC CONTRACTOR SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS THIS REPORT MAY ALSO REFLECT READINGS FROM LICENSEE SUPPLIED DOSIMETERS
Woar Dato- 01/01l'7 Page 1 of 9 tuv[ Sc ^c"""' " '"' NRC HEADQUARTERS DOSIMETER LOG 1 Office Social Birth Issue Est. Issued Employee Signature Actual Badge Employee Name By Return Security Date Date Return (verifying receipt) Serial (first name. HI. last name) Number Date (init) Date No. ALEXANDER ADAMS. JR. NRR 0091 0318 THOMAS W. ALEXION NRR ROBERT ARONSON NRR 0521 CONTR 0824 DANIEL M. BARSS NRR 0995 RICHARD 5. BLANTON NRR OSP 1002 STEVEN D. BLOOM NRR 1083 DONALD S. BRINKMAN NRR iaia STEWART W. BROWN NMSS 1322 STEPHEN R. CAUDILL NMSS 1500 CHIQUITA A. COLLINS NMSS 1505 TIMOTHY G COLBURN *'l 1903 DANIEL H. DORMAN NRR E. L. EC TLD NHSS 2086 EDWIN F. FOX NRR 2911 MARSHA K. GAMBERONI NRR ... .. . .. 3030 n
t Wear Date: 01/01/97 Page 5 of 9-h RDC Account No. 16480 l NRC HEADQUARTERS DOSIMETER LOG l , Badge Employee Name Office Social Birth Issue Est. Issued Employee Signature Actual Serial (first name MI. last name) Secuni y Date Date Return By (verifying receipt) Return s No. Numt,ei Date (init) Date , 1 CONTROL ///// ///////,/// //////// ////// /////// //// ///////////////////////// ////// , r 2 3 , 4 l T 5 6 ! 1 7 l 8 9 10 i 11 12 13 14 [ t k f ._._____1.._. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . - . .________________.________________________.-m -
OY p
)E )w^ f NRC EMPLOYEE EXPOSURES FOR 1995 t
I Office Employees Dose Not 10-50 51-100 101-150 151-200 201-300 301-400 401+ Monitored Detectable mrem mrem mrem mrem mrem i mrem mrem i E NRR' 238 227 7 2 0 1 1 0 0 NMSS 54 53 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 AEOD 10 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 ) 2 RI 225 115 53 23 14 10 3 3 4 Ril 187 142 31 7 7 0 0 0 0 Rill 195 163 15 4 4 4 3 2 0 RIV 147 106 22 7 5 4 0 1 2 l Total 1056 815 130 43 30 19 7 6 6
' includes staff from other He idquarters offices without an RSO.
2 Doses were 480,600,640, and 980 mrem. Doses were 480 and 760 mrem. _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ - - . . _ _ __ - . .- __ - _ - .}}