Text

Annual Radiological Environ Surveillance Rept,1981.
	ML20053D740
Person / Time
Site:	Vermont Yankee File:NorthStar Vermont Yankee icon.png
Issue date:	05/27/1982
From:	; VERMONT YANKEE NUCLEAR POWER CORP.
To:	;
Shared Package
ML20053D736	List: ML20053D735; ML20053D740;
References
	NUDOCS 8206070273
	Download: ML20053D740 (78)
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

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VERMONT YANKEE NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATION ANNUJa. RADIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE REPORT January 1, 1981 - December 31, 1981 I

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I Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation Engineering Office Environmental Engineering Department 1671 Worcester Road Framingham, Massachusetts 01701 I

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O206070273 820527 DR ADOCK 05000271 PDR h

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1

I Page 1

I. Introduction Location of Sampling Stations 3 II.

III. Summary of 1981 Environmental Data 12 IV. Quality Assurance Program 44 V. Atmospheric Fallout During 1981 48 VI. Analysis of Environomental Media 61 VII Environmental Dosimetry 70 VIII. Conclusion 72 References 73 IX I

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LIST OF FIGURES

,I Page Figure 1. Location of Plant 6 Figure 2. Site Topography 7 Figure 3. TLD Locations Close to the Plant 8 Figure 4. Milk and Water Sampling Sites 9 Figure 5. Food Products, Fish and Soil Sampling Sites 10 Figure 6. TLD, Air Particulate, Aquatic Vegetation and 11 River Monitoring Sites Figure 7. 1980 - Gross Beta Activity on A.P. Filters 49 Figure 8. 1980 - Ce-144 Activity on A.P. Filters 50 Figure 9. 1980 - Er-95 Activity on A.P. Filters 51 Figure 10. 1980 - Nb-95 Activity on A.P. Filters 52 Figure 11. 1980 - Ru-103 Activity on A.P. Filters 53 Figure 12. 1981 - Gross Beta Activity on A.P. Filters 54 Figure 13. 1981 - Ce-144 Activity on A.P. Filters 55 Figure 14. 1981- Cs-137 Activity on A.F. Filters 56 Figure 15. 1981 - Er-95 Activity on A.P. Filters 57 Figure 16. 1981 - Mn-54 Activity on A.P. FII*ars 58 Figure 17. 1981 - Ru-103 Activity on A.P. Filters 59 Figure 18. 1981 - Nb-95 Activity on A.P. Filters 60 I

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I LIST OF TABLES t

Page Table 1. EPA, Intralaboratory and Interlaboratory Results 46 lI Table 2. Agreement of Radionuclides in Sediment Samples 47 Table 3. Location of Soil Sampling Stations 64 Table 4. Average Soil Exposure Rates 65 Table 5. Average Soil Concentrations 66 Table 6. Summary of TLD Analysis 69 Table 7. Summary of Environmental Radiation Doses 71 I

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1. INTRODUCTION This report contains a summary and analysis of the radiological data collected during 1981 by the Environmental Studies Laboratory of the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation.

!I We measure direct gamma radiation in the stations environs with CaF2:

Mn TLD bulbs in energy compensating shields. Vermont Yankee personnel I prepare, distribute, measure and calibrate these dosimeters. We refer all measurements of radionuclide concentrations to an off-site environmental radic, activity laboratory. All the environmental samples were processed by the Yankee Environmental Laboratory, located in Westborough, Massachusetts.

I Section II of this report contains a list of all sampling stations used in 1981 as well as a tabulation of the media sampled at each station. Figures 1 through 6 indicate the location of the plant site, its topography and the locations of the sampling stations.

Section III summarizes the environmental data. A computer program, I ERMAP, produces a digest of the 1981 measurements. Each environmental media appears according to the alphabetical order of its media code. At the top of each page, ERMAP lists the units of measurements for each media. The left hand column contains the radionuclide which is being reported, total number of analysis of that radionuclide, and the number of measurements which exceeds ten times the yearly average background value. The latter are called I "non-routine" measurements. The next column lists the nominal minimum detectable concentration (MDC) for each radionuclide.

ERMAP calculates a set of statistical parameters for each radionuclide. This set of statistical parameters includes separate analyses for (1) the indicator stations (2) the control stations, and (3) the station having the highest annual mean concentration. For each of these three groups of data, ERMAP calculates:

I 1) The mean value of all concentrations including negative values and values below MDC.

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2) The square root of the mean square deviation. This is an estimate of the sample variance.

3) The lowest and highest calculated concentration.

4) The number of positive measurements (activity which is three times greater than the standard deviatica) divided by the total number of measurements.

I Section IV of this report discusses the Quality Assurance program, which includes EPA results, and Section V discusses fallout from a Chinese I atmospheric nuclear test. In the final sections, we analyze the results of our efforts in 1981, calculate environmental radiation doses, and present our conclusion.

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I II. LOCATION OF SAMPLING STATIONS The following two pages list our sampling locations. Distances and I azimuths are measured from the plant's stack; directions are relative to true north. The media codes are:

AP Air particulate J

C Charcoal air filter i FI Finfish M Milk SS Sediment VA Aquatic vegetation j

VT Terrestrial vegetation WG Fresh water WR River water FD Food crops TG Mixed grasses I

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I lI VERMONT YANKEE--ANNUAL REPORT TO EE SUBMITTED TO THE N.R.C.

FOR THE YEAR --1981--

VY 12/28/80 12/31/01 24 ALL 0 0 10 20NE 1 APC TG HINSDALE,NH 1.2 KM f,E V I 11 12 13 ZONE 1 APC TG 2ONE 1 APC TG ZONE 1 AFC TG N.HIN5 DALE HINSDALE SUB.

RIVER STA.NO. 3.3 4.0 KM 3.1 1.9 KM KM NNE E

S'E E V V

V 14 2ONE 1 APC TG CENTRAL PARK STA. 1.5 KM bW V 15 ZONE 1 APC TG GUILFORD RD TG. 2.4 KM WNW V 21 ZONE 2 APC TG HOGDACK MT. TG. 25.0 KM WNW V' 22 ZONE 2 APC TG SPOFFORD LAKE.N.H. 16.1 LM N'JE V I 23 11 12 2ONE 2 AC TG ZONE 1 M VT 2ONE 1 M VT NORTHFIELD. MASS.

MILLER FARM WHITAKER FARM VT 11.3 O.6 2.6 KM KM KM

$5E W:JW SE V'

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I 13 21 11 ZONE 1 M VT ZONE 2 M VT 70NE 1 WRE.SFI NEWTON FARM VT BRATTLEBORO FARM RIVER STA.NO. 3.3 5.5 15.0 2.2 KM KM hM E

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V D O c;': R i V E R V' 12 ZONE 1 WRSSFI FLANT DISCHARGE O.0 KM OrJSITE V' I 21 11 2ONE 2 WRSSFJ 2ONE 1 WO ZONE 1 WG RT 9 PRIDGE VY PLANT WELL 12.8 O.0 VM KM UPRIVER ONFITE V

V' J2 VERNON NURS]NG UELL 2.O KM SSF. V I 13 21 11 ZONE 1 WG ZONE 2 WG 2ONE 1 VA VT NO. 32 WELL BRATLEBORO WELL DOWNSTREAM EWAMP 1.8 12.1 O.5 KM M

KM NNW NNW DOWNRIVER V'-

21 I 98 99 2ONE 2 VA ZONE 2 FD ZONE 1 FD UPSTREAM SWAMP NORTHFIELli, MASS COVEY FARM O.5 8.0 11.7 KM KM KM UPRIVER SE NW V'

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I Direct Radiation - TLD Dosimeter Sites Sampling and Analysis Frequency - Monthi ,

I Zone I Distance (Km) from Sample Station Locations Plant Stack Azimuth GM 1 0 Hinsdale, NH 1.1 580 GM 1 1 N. Hinsdale, NH 4.1 3360 I GM 1.2 GM 1.3 Hinsdale, NH (Hinsdale Substation)

River Station # 3.3, VT Central Park Station, VT (Fairman Rd.)

3.1 1.9 2.4 860 1560 2160 GM 1 4 I GM 1.5 GM 1.6 GM 1.7 Guilford, Rd., Vernon (Tyler Hill)

Site Boundary Site Boundary 2.7 0.160 0.315 2820 3240 2850 0.315 I GM 1.8 Site Boundary 2120 GM 1.9 Site Boundary 0.450 1860 GM 1.10 Site Boundary 0.630 1830 GM 1.11 Site Boundary 0.920 1770 GM 1.12 Site Boundary 0.760 1640 GM 1.13 Site Boundary 0.480 1480 GM 1.14 Site Boundary 0.315 1310 I GM 1.15 GM 1.16 Site Boundary Site Boundary GM 1.37 Vernon School 0.027 0.395 0.575 110 3050 2050 Zone II GM 2.1 Hogback Mt., VT 25.0 2950 GM 2.2 Spofford Lake, NH 16.1 250 I GM 2.3 Northfield Station 11.3 1580 I

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III.

SUMMARY

OF 1981 ENVIRONMENTAL DATA The following pages summarize the analytical results .:f all the environmental samples which were collected during 1981. These pages were generated by the compater program, ERMAP. I I I

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C0 60 ( 36) 2.rE 01 ( t 3A .AIF .e te 2.si1E e i 1.9 g 1.0)F .e ( 01 f 3.2 4.41E -e (.2.9 . to.7)E .o a( p/ pa)e et n/ g}e et of g21e ZN.65 t 34) 0. 0 F. te l t 1[6 A 1.51F *e 15 t 1.5 1 2.51E .a ( 2.1 g is.4)F =$ ( q) (t9 -

                                                             .o)F 1                                                       (=9.0 .        8.61E .a et n/ 24)e                                   et n/ 4)e                          et     U/ 121e e    sny.WnuTIAE prFF99 Tes fML Hl'wnFo nF SFP a R A TF .F 'a M*F.F%f 3 wMICH bFdF GDF# f t p TNah TF N (161 Tlas M THF a v F u e r.F MarmcwouNn Fsid THF PFWIDn DF THf RFPnW1 ee THE Fwartrop nF ge.PLF aNatv5F9 YTFint>C nETErfant& "Fa9eoE"FNTS (T.F. D i r.I Ga t ) 79 INIsIC A TFl* =TTwit et           le.

M

 . - - _ .            .-       __ __     ~     . . . . . _ -                 . . . . . . - . . -

E y To F W 2 . / rEDTU21 ale #aRTf Ct'Latr F rs IFw9 HNTTS: at t /tti. m p a n t nNalC L I siE s inntrefnp 9faTinN5 (tO. ANatv5F.9) Nngtwat HIGHF = T st a TIriu retNiant i tica ttrims mEaN,4awCF. ann .(AN,WaNGF,akn 1744,GaNGF, ann (NON.ROllt f AF lo Li n h0.' nEfFrTEnee HO. nrtFttEpee S T A ,' All. DFTFCTEne. CEelet ( Inl 2.nF.07 ( l.% A 11E =2 14 ( l.m i 1.2)E .7 I l.5 g 4)F .2 ( 01 (

1.' l . R21.0)E =a t 1.6 . $2.'11E .1 ( 9.6 4%7n.01F .5 et 18/ 2 ele et 3/ 4)e et 9/ 121e TH.22A ( Shl 9.0F.01 (=T.'T & 19.43E .5 13 f 1.4 1 1.'21E .4 t on (=1.3 fol.3 A 2.81E +4

                                                                      . 1.41F                1                                          (-2.0          1.7)F 3

et 0/ Pale *( 0/ Ale et 0/ 121e l

1 l l l e i N09.OnteTINF RFFFRS 70 THE N8lanEu nF ME#aRafE *ElstlWFwFNTS WH!rH =FRF GREATER TwaN TFN (101 ff"E3 TMF AVFRaGF mACMCRnUwn FOR THE PFRffin OF TMF WFPORI j ee THE Fearffow or SAMPLF akatvmFM VfFLntNC nETErisetE MFA5HDE"ENTA i (f.E. >1Sicus) is INnicaTFn wffwtw *( 1e. 4 w ! t/t i . 1 1 1 i

h" E M MM M W M M MEDIUw e Cua*criat Eft.1rus lint 15: prl/Co.

R a n tisNLiCll pl!9 I* fif r a f ts# 9faTIONs HIGMF9T 9 tai 1ng ruNient l oc aill NR
Esp.eaNcF,aMn araq,oaNnFeawn aEa%,uawcre ann j (NO. akaLYSEst hseetwat *
se, pr TFC TEpe e (NON.hftvi t =E l e 1. L p NH. nFTFctrnee S f a ,' NO. nFTFCTEnee i

     !.131 (ass)            1 nF.n1

( 2,4 g 1.A1F 1 15 ( 7,0 1 6,51F 1 i 4.3 g An,1)F e5 ( n) (.t.1 1,1 ) F . t f.d,5 1,m)E 3 et c/112ie et at 52)a at ott%)e l 1 l e wrig.wotit t eF eFFFRS 10 TWL hilWRFW r'F SFpapa TF ME a st'kF*ir$st s wH t rM *ERF GRFatFh THaN TF N (101 TT*Fs THr avFRaGF e aCMCunLINn Fue To t PE4IUn nF isp prp:1g f ee Tkt P alat t if tp or saMpgF ANA(y3FS VfFintNC nFTEris9tE MeasuoF*FNTS (T F. >53fcua) Ts IAntCafFD affM14 *( 18, 1 l l

gpm ma ypernut y e wsr p r

                                                                                                                                       ' W                           MM e.F F s f ler F 4WiptipwF %f tl R a filot nG T C al c'fwi t e lw t hn M

a= / / d a / .,e . y, SteateaHv s rep

TMF PFDisiD 12//A/pr . 12/31/>l tthtTS: pel/nG .Et KEDIUM F DOD /Ga WnF N CenM 1Anfrattie *1aT10N5 HICHE97 S T a t titN Cuw t one teraffnws Q A D!f}Norl inE 9 "E a N, p a Nr.F a ND MEAN,GahGF,4NP (NO. 4NaLysER) ND*that . fan,RaNCF.ahn (NON.Rotli! NF l o Ltn No! PETEttFD** Sfa,' hp. OF T F C TE tie s *n. OF1FCTEDee BE.7 ( a) 7 ( 2.?5 A 2.9)E 1 11 ( 5.s A n;9)E I ( .6.14 A . ft ) F 0

( 0) (.1.6 . 5s.5)E O (.7.7 0.0}E O

                                                                                                    *(     0/ 21e                                       *(     0/ t)e                            of O/ 21e
                                                                                                                          .ur 3                 9.      ( 2.5 1                .iir i            ( i.9 A            63r s

x. 0 ( .i .s ( i;. .

( t.3 2.5)F 3 ( n) ( t.5 1.01E 3 et 2/ 21e et 1/ 13e of 2/ 21e CQa51 ( a) 3.2Feo7 (.) a A 12.6)E 1 90 ( *.2 1 6.6)F t (.7.6 & *.8)E t (=lJ6 = 9)F 2 f.t.7 . 2)E 2 ( 0) of n/ 1)* ef U/ 21e ! et op 21e MN.Se ( 41 2.nF.n2 ( 2l7 A 63.1)E .1 90 ( 6.6 1 6.'t)E D f 1.6 A .e)F 0 l n f 1.5 - 2.21F 0 ( a) (.6;o . si.6)E of 0/ 2)* l

                                                                                                    *(      0/ 21e                                      et n/ 11e i

l CO.58 ( a) 2.nF.n> (.1l2 A 7)E I 2t i e.e 1 6.2)E o ( 3.2 A 6.2)E o ( 0) (.t.9 . 9.01F 1 (.3.0 = 0.8)E D af U/ 21e *( 0/ 1)* et 0/ 21e FE=59 ( el 1.0 Feet ( 9.[01 22.1)F 0 11 ( 3.1 a 2.a)E I (=6.0 1 117.0)F .I g 3.1)E I (.t.2 1.1)E t w f of ( t.3 of 0/ 21e

ef 0/ 21e et 0/ 11e 4

CO to f a1 2.0F n? (.7.1 A to.%)F 0 98 ( 2.0 1 7)E 1 (t0.0 A 18.t)F 0 209.0)E .1 ( 01 (=1Je . . 1)F 1

*(

(.t.) . et 0/ 2)*

                                                                                                     *(     0/ 2)e                                               0/ 11e
!                    2N.69          ( 91                            6.7F+nt                          ( 2(2A               .n)E      I            99       f 1.n 1             i$5)F 1             f.3.5 A         2.7)F      0 f 0)                                                             ( t.3 -             3.n)F       t                                                            f.6.2           0.01F      0 et U/ 21e                                           et n/ 13e                                et o/ 2)e 2%=45          (     el                        a.0t.c7                           ( 228 A               11F 1                11       f 2.9 i             1.6)E     1          t 4.9 A        3.53E O

( 0) ( PJ7 . 2.9)F 1 ( t.3 m.8)E O j ' ef 0/ Pie *( n/ t). .( 0/ 2)e i I n0N.Pfittf f nt s>FFFks tel THF ND*NFP nF SFPapa1F H5 a SI'WF' Fh15 .pt rH mFWF GWFaTFR e Twap T e k- t i es ) 11.p 3 THr avFuaGF RaCucunUND FOO TkF PFhilen DF THE WF Petw f em 164r F W aC 1 filN tlF $ 46'94 F s hal vsrs Y t Ft nTNn nF TEri =HI F *'F astiPE.FNT M j (f.F. M$tnwa) i s t este t t a f F D .TTHIN *f le. i

E W @,.. % iMir krs .E'I M.g ne. .

                                                                                                           ...iE t                                         ,r 3.s     sHv Fop to F & E s t ri.:          17 d a / A f5     =    12/31/81 sIE D t tih t Finetti/r.awnre. cunpe                                                                                        qirs t 1:s t s>r t sa ti .Et R ADiorauct inF g                                I Nfs t r g t:12 ' i n f i nne s                  Hir.hE97 St a t t riN                  reesf adtil 11C a t t t'N5 (NO. 4Nai79 S1 N 'M f p41                           **L a N e p A NGF . a kr)                      eraN.DANr.F,ahn                          r'F A h,4 4 NGF , A hn (NON RostTIhtte              Li es                  *!' 1 ' DE TFr T F f)* e         stal          >.. . Or f F r.f f n e n                 Net. OFIFCtFpee N8 95 t al

( 01 1.9Fent ( al? A to e)F o 99 ( t.A i 71F t ( 7.2 A 31.7)F 1 (.9.9 - tm.7)F as (.5.0 .

1. 4 ) F. o

                                                  *(       op ?)e                                    of      n/ 13e                          et     of F)e AG.110Hf a)               7.*>+n?             ( ) .' 2 &

a.%)E I It f 7.7 i A.0)E t (.t.A & 2.1)F 1 ( c) (-1.3 7.7)F t (.d.0 . 3)F 1 et ns 2)e et op t)e et 0/ 2)* CU.103 ( 4) 7.nE.n? ( b .'6 A 6%.1)E .1 1e t 7.2 1 11.71E o ( t.7 A 2.0)F 0 ( n) (.m.9 . 7.71F 0 (.A.e . 3h.9)F .1 et ut ?)e e( n/ t)e et 0/ die EU.ine ( a) .? ( 7l% a as7.9)F . 9m ( a.n 1 4.01E t (.2.5 g a8.7)E o ( c) (es.e . a . si) E 1 (.5.1 a.h)F 1 et nr 71 of 0/ 11e *( 0/ 2)* t.131 ( a) n. (.lf9 & t.71E I 98 f 6.5 1 ttl5)F 1 (.t.1 A t.1)F 1 ( 0) (.3.1 . n.01F 1 (.2.2 = .l)E 1

et 0/ 7)e *( n/ t)e et 0/ 21e i

CS.134 ( 4) P.nr.np (.6l0 A 9)F 4 99 t=85.7 1 %.6)F o (.7.9 A 7)E o g ( 0) f=7.5 . , n 0)E o (.N.1 . n.n)F o y *( op 21e et n/ )* et 0/ 2)* Cs.137 ( =) 7.nF.n> (. l9 A la.viF .: 9a ( s.: i a.7)E o (.H.2 & 6n.a)F .I ( n) (.3.A = 7.41E n (.o.9 . 5.2)F o et 0/ 2)e et U/ 1)e of n/ 2)e GA=140 t al 8.nF.07 ( tlt g 1.1)F 1 It ( 4.7 i 1.91E t t 5.5 a 3.71F 0 t o) (.3.9 . a.7)F 1 ( 2.4 . B.7)F n of 0/ 21e et n/ t)e et 0/ 21e CE.141 ( a) e.nr.c7 ( 220 A 11F t 11 ( 2.1 1 1.6)E 1 (=2.0 A 9.9)E n

;             (    On                             ( ?.0        =       P.11E t                                                               f.t.2                6)F    t et n/ 2)e                                          et      0/ 1)e                          et n/ 2)e CE.144 t a)                    7               t 1.1 g             4.%i6        1    11          ( 5.% 1             5.a)F      I        ( t.A &           t.5)E     1

( n) * (.3.4 . %.9)E 1 f.d.2 pm,n)F o et of pie et n/ 1)e et 0/ 21e e sen teeif ve t t

p s F F p a# 4 f f' THE eaten.s.[ u nr gFpappfF "f441 Hd F"F b T 9 mMICH eFWF f;Wf e f f le IMS 1 T F .e ( l at i I t E 9 THF eVFDSGF A 4 Cainknutn Ft's 164 Wr e ttin fir ThF 8dF P'16'1 e

ee THF $ 68 a r 11 e p, flF % s .e8 8 5 ANatvgFq V f F 1 fi T N G tiF Tf r iakl

hF 4 500 F *IF ** T S (f.F. W T 8;.7 ) T% 1"O f t a t t' e witHtH et 1+.

                                    ,,R...T     ,a ...            ..&,,,,,'   , N, , o n .. . a,                , a o . .< ,, c. , F . ,', l.. , ..~...        , , . < .        -
                                                                                                                                                                                             *             =           .'   &               &

it).k a e#T Fees THF l'Ektnp t#s/a/24 = 17/31/s1 REDti N 3 FDup/t.awef N CHn>S t,Nt19 prt/an hET Ca n!ONtict. I nE M INpir ains MT a f f ness H]CHE97 StattnN tokatWOL locaffli45 MEaw,NaNCFeaho "FaNepaNGFeamD ",AN,94%GE ahD (NO. AN at 19F M ) NnNtNat i (NON.80titNFie t Li p No' DETFrtFDee S f a ,' Net. OFTFcTEC's NO. nFTFCTEh*e TH.224 ( e) 7.nF .07 (.3.S A ?.91E 1 9a ( a.3 1 7.3)E I ( l.0 i 1.3)F 1 (.n.o . a.3)F t

g n) n.n)E I (.2.5 et 0/ 21e *( 0/ 1)e et U/ 2)*

e NON.ROHTI,F RFFFR S TO THE ,848RF R OF SEp apaTF ME a Stl8dr>FNTS HMICH kENF GRFatF#

TNaN ftN (In1 flurs THE avFpaCF meCKCEOUND FOR THF PF6tInn t'F THE nFpenWT l se TNF Fl8&CTTHN flF SaMPLF AN8tVSFS YTELnf*G nFTECTaker >Fa5U*EMFNIS

(f.F. >1SICMai is INDICATF0 WITHIN et 1e.

1 i i I e 4 4 l i 4

ya,%. @ IM M M ~t FW U 1p==ahv From thF PE# inn t#/7h/au = 12/1t/88 KFDIH"I 81sw HwitMt erl/uG >Et cad 10NUELinF4 t hD!r'. tno 9 f a t tf1NS HIGHFtt SfaffnN ruw1Rns 10Cafthh3 (NO, ANaLYS[1) 4n4 t h a t "Ea9.cancr.a%n wr a w, p a n c F , a '4n MFaw,oa%cF,a%n (NUM.WOUTINile U fi 40.' 0FTECIFn's Sta] hu. ertFctFnee Nn. nsTFCIEne* -

    ............. ........            ...................                .... .....................                  ...................                  j RE.7    (   h)          7         (.5(0 A=           a.m)F    t      2t        t s.e i            t.2)E    7     t 1.s g       1,2)F  2

( n) (.t.9 .t)E 7 ( t.3 75 m)F t e( 0/ 4)e et n/ 7)e et 0/ 2)e n.. ( .i .= ( 7;5 4 .iit 3 2i ( 2.7 i 7r 1 ( 2.7 i 23r 3 t n) ( ?./ . 7.7)E 1 t 7.6 . 2.91E 1 ( ?.6 7.9)F 3 l 1 et a/ a)e et 2/ 2)e et 7/ die C =51 f *) 1.7E*n7 (.8.l a 6.7)F t 17 f.t.5 A 3.5)E I (.7.6 & 27.a)F 1 ( 0) (.7.8 . 7)F 2 t 3.J = 1.5)F 2

                                      *( o/ a)e                                    e(    0/ 21e                      et 0/ 21e EN.5e   (   61       7.0F.n7      ( 1(9 g            1.5)F    n      11        t 5.2 1           7.p)E     o     1.h.0 g       a.1)F  e

( n) (-2.0 . 17.7)E e (-l.0 . n.01F 1 et 0/ 4)e et 0/ 23e *( 0/ 21e l CD-se ( 61 ( o) 7.or.n2 f.a(*a f.3.7 - st.7)F 1.01E 9 t 11 ( t.0 i .m)F t ( t.5 A lan.5)F fol.a . 3.a)F

                                                                                                                                         .I 1

l et 0/ a)e et o/ 7)e et 0/ 21e FE.50 ( 61 3.ntaot ( t .'S A 5)F i 17 f 2.t t 2)E I (.l.7 A 3.8)F t l w ( n) ( 6.% . 77.%3F n (-5.5 2.11F t l *o et n/ 4)* et n/ 21e et 0/ 2)* l C0=30 ( 61 2.eE.op (.2 g ' A 1.71F n It (-1.3 1 7.5)E o (.l.1 A 6)E t I ( n) f.4.M . 6.1)E n (.l.7 - 0.n)F 1 at c/ a)e et 0/ 23e et et 21e ZN.15 ( n) 6.7F+nt (.4.7 g 25.0)F a 21 ( t.5 i 01F t i 1.5 i .n)F 1 ( n) ( = 6.' 2 a.7)E 1 ( t.8 . 1.5)E 1

                                      *(       n/ 4)e                              *(    0/     71*                  e( 0/ 21e Z7 05 ( n)           a.nF=07      ( t *5 g A           t.6)F    t      17        f 5.1 1           3.01E     I     ( 2.1 a     IM.4)E   0

( n) (.t.0 . , 6.11F 1 fol.6 = 2.1)F l et o/ eje e( n/ 2)e of n/ ?)e e Nos..Rouf t wF RFFFog gas THt HD4 PEW OF MFpaWaTF "F s 4DUFh> NTS e4!rk eEHF r.b F a t t A tua4 fe h flo) 7tMF9 THr avFWAGF H ACWCWHHNf- FHW TMt Pb 4 ion I'F THE AFPf'bf ee t=F Fpacitor sir samptr *% v3r s v tFL ntur. nF TFr t aus F MFasuoperNTS (f.F. >latcha) TM IAnfrafFt' *TTulN *( )*.

                                                                                                                                            ~                     '

E E!JN1 E2FM etF O F UN4E tr4Eintm..Mc M> n M- M M M M. M M M Suva'4v Fee fpr WFeinD 17)7m/an . 17 /11/ft l EEDIUMt Fl9N IPJff51 pt!/XG aEt Dac tOHerrL iliE m TNietra tne Miaf filN A htGHEst stattrtN t0NT801. IUtattnNS (ND, a N a t, V MF S) Nfik t 'J al " E 4N ,$d&N GE .an.Q MFaN,RaNGF,ahn W F a me, e s N G F , a hn (NON.6erio t t =E 1

1.t n Nil l DFTirTFnae Sta] Hn. Or tFETFnee *U. nFIFCTE0ee N8 45 ( 63 1.*Eent ( 021 A as!.%)F .1 21 f 1.5 1 132.51E .t ( 1.5 A 137.51F .I

( n) (.t 0 . .m)E I t.t.3 l.3)E f et 0/ a)e et c' 7)e et 0/ 2)e AG.110Mt 61 2.%F*n? ( t.O A 71F 7 11 ( t.3 i 1.21F 2 f.e.2 A 1.01F t ( Of f.1.3 .Pa.4)E 3 (.9.2 = 0.0)F t et 0/ 4)e et n/ 21e et 0/ 21e CU.103 ( 6) 7.OE*07 ( 9f5 A A.71E o 11 ( 8.6 1 7.n)E a ( 5.0 & 167.01E .1 ( c) (.2.2 1.61E 3 (.t.6 . 1.7)F 1 of 0/ a)e *( n/ 7)e et o/ 21e GU=106 ( 61 .7 (=1.0 A* 3.1)F t 21 ( 3.8 A t.3)E I ( 3.9 A 1.3)E I ( e) (=9.3 a.1)F t ( 2.6 = 5.1IE 1 et o/ eie et 0/ 2)* et 0/ 2)* e a.t i

                                                   ~
       !.131     f 61         9              ( 7.5 A           n.7)E    t   it                       t .' t ) E 1     f.o.5 &            3.21F      1

( n) (=t.3 . P.7)E 7 ( 9.a . n.c)F t et 0/ als et op 21e of 0/ 21e CS.13a ( 61 7.nt.o? ( 5l7 a A.1)E o 21 (=P.1 i 17J7)E n (.2.3 g 17.7)E s y ( n) (=2.3 . 1.n)E 1 (.2.0 = 3.63F 1 i

   >-*                                      et 0/ a)e                                e( Op 2)e                        et 0/ 2)e C5=137 ( 6)            7.nr.37        ( 3l= A              91E 1     2:        ( a,7 i        sfa1E 1          ( a.7 A             3.a)F     t

( n) ( 9 .' 9 . 49.7)F e ( 3.2 6.91E I ( 3.2 6.1)r 1 of 2/ 4)e *( 1/ 2)* *( t/ 21e SA. tao ( 6) 8.or.07 ( Af8 & 726.3)E .1 17 ( 4.4 i 1.7)E 1 f.5.2 & t.7)F I ( 0) (.5.0 . , a.7)E I (.6.9 . 0.0)E t

                                            *( 0/ ele                                et n/ 7)e                        et 0/ 2)e cE.ial (        *)      a.cE=np       (.i.i a           2.iiE    1   21        ( t.4 1        3.61F       1    ( t.M &            3.6)F      1

( n) (.7.3 . a.1)E I (.t.6 . 5.4)F t of 3/ 4)e e( 0/ 2)* et 0/ 2)e cE.1as ( 6) 7 ( t;s a 7.s)E i di ( a.5 1 0.niE i ( a.5 i 0.03E I f nt f.3.3 . 7.n)E 1 et 3/ ale e( 0/ 2)e of O/ 21e d e Nota.wisesi t wg sprFo us in TMF Mil **aFD OF MFP4RaTF **F a 9teRFHFNT9 WHirH =FRF CWFaTF4 4 TwaN TFM fini flat $ Twt avFuaGr n a t u r. col #Nin Fnf# THF PFRitm DF THE #FPORT ee TMF F par finn rir ma*Pg F aN at vsF S Y t Ft.n1NG DF TEC T' hl.E a "E 4 Silor *E N T S (f.F. >t%1Gra) it INitTC4TFl NTfw!N *( 1e. ,

s,47 ,,a p s e in ir a sp. e n(. i a ng pp 7 E M E gism aev trop te r PF p ings t p pp s./ p ee . 32/1g/31 HN!iS scl/NG kE T MEDIUM: FinM . HfGwFmt staff 0w riswTWnt 1.tec a T !f tw g T%fiffaffsp

T a f f ring e &D!nNilC11r't 3 - n r. ,R.NrF .un <r,=,..~uF ~n s

two. .N.tv ,s> un ,Nat ....w.~cF... 6.n. nrfFCtfpee NO, OFTECTFnee i (NON.RntT ! *'( 1 e tin wo.' DFfFCTFnee Stal ...................

     ......s...... ........             ...................              .... .....................

TH.228 ( A1 7.nt.n> t7(9 A 7.01F 1 17 I 5.6 i a .'61 E i ( 5.1 A f.o.5 = hm.8)F 7.9)F 0 1 t 01 (.3.7 . 9.71F 1 et 0/ 2)* ef O/ ele of O/ 71* 1 i

NON pl34871DE parrra,g Tsj THE NIlapER nF SFP4WATF "FaSilWFMFNTS wH!rH nFRF GkEATEk

'               THAN TFN fin) TIMFS THE .VFpaGF RACMGRntiNn Fne THF PF.la tein nF THF RFpnet o

i ee THE FR.C f tlin tir 54=PLF AN6LYSFS YTFLDINC nF TEtis it F *F.Stser=FNTS ! (T.F. >lMiGM.) is INUTCaTFD mffMIN *( 3e. l ) l l 1 N i i 1 I 1 l 1 I 1 l

14 7 af5 til F 16" 4 ha ml HN M. //n I ' E iE N 5'lWM A RY En2 TwF PE p t rin 1// 7 p/no . 12/31/pt i NEDIU4 NILa H4TTA: prt/LITEN i C40f0NHCLIDF9 INDtf870D STATIONS htGME RT ST ATION COW f Wnt IOfATIONS NE4N,RaNnE.4No >F4N,paNGF,AND NFAN,94NGF, ann * (NO. ANALTRES) NOMIN8( (NON.ROUTINFlo Lt p 481l nF TEr TFne e stal hn DFTFCTFDee. NH. DFIFCTE0** 5%.89 ( 16) al ( 2.4 A 1.41E .1 11 ( 3.7 1 3.2)E .1 ( 2.1 A 3.01F .I ( 0) (.6.5 . 9.a)E .1 f.o.7 = 6.6)F .1 et 0/ 121e et 0/ a)e et 0/ als SR.90 ( 16) .a ( 2.5 A 21E O 29 ( 3.6 1 3)E 9 ( 3.8 A 3)E O 1 ( 6) ( 1.7 3.9)E o ( 3.1 a.7)E O ( 3.1 . a.7)E n i et 12/ 121e e( e/ ale et s/ als RE=7 ( 4A) A.0E*0t (.7l0 A 12.1)F =l it ( l.1 1 1.71E O (.a.5 A 2.6)E o ' ( 01 f .2.' 3 1. ale I (-2.A . 6)E t et op 36)e et 0/ 121e of O/ 121e i K=s0 ( 4A) 2.eE+02 ( 3A .n)E 3 11 ( t.4 i 0)F 3 ( t.3 A 01F 3 ( c) ( 1(2

t. 1.9)F 3 ( t.1 . 1.5)E 3 ( t.2 1.a)E 3

! et 36/ 16)e et 12/ 12)e *( 12/ 121e C3 51 ( 4A1 .l.0 10n ( al1 A $6.a)E .1 12 ( 2.3 1 2.6)E n ( t.1 & 2.5)E O ( 0) (-2.5 2.01E t f.9.9 . 16.6)E o < =( op 36)* et 0/ 12)* et 0/ 12)e i KN.54 ( as) A. ( . t ." A A 12.9)E .2 11 (10.8 1 19.3)E .2 (.2.1 & 2.0)F .

w ( n) (.tJ5 I. ale O (.1.4 . 1.01F o

              !d                                    et 0/ 36ie                                                            *(      0/ 121e               et 0/ 121e C0=58   ( aa)         A .'

(.7 g 6 A It.2)E =2 11 ( 6.A i 22.n)E .2 (.2.6 A 3.1)E .1 ( 01 (.t.H = 1.9)E o (.1.6 . 2.03E o et 0/ 16)* *( n/ 12)* *f 0/ 121*

FE.59 ( an) 9.nF*ot ( 6(O A 3A.7)F .2 2t ( 9.1 1 9.6)F .1 ( 9.1 A 9.6)E 1 ( n) (.o.6 5.1)E O ( 4.0 . 7.21E O ef op 16)e et 0/ 12)e et o/ 121 e j CO.60 ( an) A. (.2l6 A t.7)F 1 21 f.7.9 1 296.4)E .3 (.T.9 A 296.a}F .3

!                         ( 0)                       (.3.7                                   1. 9 ) F. O                                                 f.l.6 -      2.3)F 0

et 0/ 36)e et 0/ 121e of 0/ 121e e NON.WOHTINE RFFFR9 TO THE NpumEs OF AFPAWaTE *F'a5HHFNFNTS mMIfM DERF GWFaTER INab TFN (In1 Tim 8 9 TNr AVFuscr RaCwconHNn F8'W THE PFWIon nF THE RrPORT ee TH( FWaC1 TON OF 3ahPLF ANatysrs ytFLnINn nFTErf aRlF MEASURF"ENTS (I.F. >45fGW41 T9 1NOTCsTFn MITHIN *( 14 L

l N M at N Fr E iFF towwapy F .wF t Foz THF CF8]nD tal atC IN t n /us l ' 12s/a/an . Sp/3t/pl j KEDIHds Mil.w UNIT 5: Pet /LifFW i* INDirAfon ifafinNS NIGHEst s T & T 1:14 CADf0NUCl.fDER CONTNnt LOC AT IttNS . (NO. ANatv$ES) NOMINAL MFaN paNCF.AND #EAN,DANGF,Ahn "E4N,UANGF,4NP 4

i. (NON.pniif t NF l* Lt D Nil. DFTErfFnee STA] un DFTFtTEDe* AD. DFIFCTEDee .

, ZN.65 ( 4A) .t.n. ton f.3(2 g t.1)F 1 17 ( n.n A a.7)E .1 (.5.7 g p,n)F 1 . ( 0) (.4.6 . 3.1)F 0 f.4.6 m 7)F n

l of 0/ to)e et 0/ 12)* et O/ 12)* *

   ;    20 05    ( e4)       1.0Fe91          ( 3(7 A=          7.a)F .1         17       ( 5mA          a.8)E .I       (.2.7 i        5.6)F .I

( 0) (.4.0 3.11F n f.d.2 2.2)F e *

                                              *( 0/ 16)e                                  *(   9/ 17)e                  et 0/ 12)e                    e N8 95 ( 48)        .t.n tna           ( t.2 A           1.A)E .i         11       ( 3.9 h        3.0)F .1       ( t.R A      29.0)F     2

( 0) (.2.1 . , 7.71E O (.l.0 2.1)F 0 ' et 0/ 3n)e et 0/ IP)e et 0/ tale .

   . AG lloMt am)       .t.n. ton          (.a *0 A         17.1)F .t         it       ( 4.2 1       25.C)E .I       (.9.s A      21.0)F .I

( 0) (.t.3 7.7)E I (.l.5 1.11F t ?

   ,                                          et ut 36)e                                  et 0/ 121e                    et 0/ 121e                    g f.6.3 i RU=101 ( 4R)          4               (.9E9 A           1.h)E .1         17                      1.5)E .I       (.t.* A           3]E  O     t

( 01 (.3.5 6)F 4 (.3 5 0 .l]E O I et 0/ 3nie et n/ 17)e et U/ 121e { CU.106 ( 4A1 A.0E*01 (.4(3A !?.h)E .t 29 ( 3.1 k 1.8)E o ( 3.1 A 1.A)F 0 f

 ,    y          (    0)                      (.l.6 .           1.41E     1                                             (=1.1          l.7)E    1   ,

e *( 0/ 3ble *( Op 12)e ei 0/ 12)*

        !.131    ( an)           5            ( t .' 3 A           9)F 7         21       ( 4.1 i        t. DIE .2      ( ##1 A        1.n)F .2     ,

( n) (.9.4 . 21.61F .2 ( 4.2 R.3)F .2 et op 36)e et 0/ 12)* et 1/ 121e C3-13e ( em) 9 (.9.1 A ".4)F .I 11 f.3.7 1 1.01E .1 (-7.5 A 2.1)F 1 ( n) ( .2. 3 -- f.7)E n (.2.1 3)F 0

                                              *( Os th) s                                 e( n/ IP)*                    et     1/ 121e

( 5.5 i CS.137 ( an) 9 ( 7.2 A 71E O 29 8]E a ( 5.5 g 8)F 0 ( n) (.2.s . 6.4)E o ( t.5 12.01F 0 ( l.5 12.0)F 0 et v5/ 36)e *( 11/ 12)* et 11/ s2)* BA.140 ( 4R) 1.MFent (.2.* A 16.1)E .? It ( e.5 1 5.01F =l (.5.2 A A.9)F =t ( n) ( . e .' 6 .

                                                             . 7.71E o                                                  (.4.8 .        3,7)F   0 4

et 0/ 1eie *( n/ t2le et 0/ 121s e NiiN.b unT : e F prFF4% T e1 TwF 9.H= H F # PF SFp aNa TF NF a SI'WF"FNTS WHICH WERF GkEaTEk T d a ** TFh (to) T T *s i THF avFkaGF parwGunpNu Frew TkF PFNTOn nF THF RF PflR T ee TMF F pa c i t ep. hF ts upl F aNagVMF% Y t @l.nt Nn DF TEC T aHI F "EASURF"FNTS (f.F. >tstc.a1 is tht'ICairn wt TMin et )e.

disNttnpft.C a2/n / :n, p a i,F E E yF a.m e:.T v a a.u p s tit r 9 t tr Fwv tpriNuruf at v a nl etos: f r a t. Sim.awy r t.D Twr preton t#i/a/ao . 37/3t/mi Is4115 ptt/Lf TFd mEtttuat e MIL 4 HICwktf Stafing tint ant t ric aT 3pn.3 R AD!nNostL int s INntraT60 mi s f l# irs " fan,9ANGF,4hn MFAN,sa%GE, awn (pen. ANat 7 5E91 Neuthat *EsN,wsNCE.a*tt Mis. OffrCTEnee Nil. nFTFCTense (NON.RnuTINE)* LLn N8'.' 0FTEcTFnee STal ................... CE=lat ( an) 7.nl+ot (( affA 7.01F. e t it ( ?.a i 5.61E .t ( 5.2 A (.d.3 a.R)F 1 3.3)E o ( 0) 2.7 . . 9.a)E o *( 0/ i at ut 361e *( 0/ 12)e 12)e f a.8 i 9.6)E .t ( 2.3 a 17.a)F 3 CE*1as ( em) n.PF*01 (.1.7 & 4.11F =t il (=M t . 9.11F o (.1.9 = 1.3)E t ( 01 et 0/ 12)* et 0/ 36)* *( 0/ 12)e ( 9.7 i 12.31E .1 f T.a A RR.2)F -7 TH=228 ( 4A1 1.nFe01 (.4(e A. 7.01F .I l' (.5.9 . 5.5)F 0 ( c) (.1.0 8)E 1 et g/ 12)e of 0/ 1a). et n/ 12)e 4 NON.RelllTIPF FFFFps 70 TME NuwmEle or SrpagaTF PEaStedFMFNTS wMICH mEHF GWFaTFR { Thaw TEN (en) TJmFS THr avEpacr matuGenUNn Fno THE PEh!On DF THE WFpnNT

           ** THE FRACitnw 0F samplF AN4(VgF8 YTELoING OFTER.TaHIE ME45UoFMENTS (T.F. >3SIGuat is TwnicaTFO WITHIN *(                      )e.

! N Ll1 i e 1 l i i l

O E wT E tt N s4 M Sp M S E pa M .fr M %t E C E/l e:N E lE E E E' E % pow.nPV Fe# THE PER3nn sp/7m/mn . 17/31/Mt rEntu=3 Mint *ENf/3ftT HNTibt PCI /ar. leW7 R ADinNHCL1DE S INf {f 4Tl1Q %T&TIO4g H{GHF4T $ T & T j M*g f DN T 90l (ll(gT{HN3 (NO. aNelvtF.8) NDb!NAL MFaNepaNCF eND >F4NekaWCF.abD PF4N,Da>CE,4ND (NON.ROHifhFle 1.t le *0[ DFTFCTFnee Stal Nu, l>F TFC TF De

NO. DFTFCTEDee

, sE., ( .i 2 ( i;3A 7F 2 ii ( P.2 i i.vir 2 i a. i 7.6 r i ( 01 ( t.1 , 4.7)F 2 f.%.0 . 21.3)F t et 0/ 6)e e( c/ 3)e et U/ lie [ M.40 ( #1 9 ( 8!7 A 8)F 3 17 ( 8.9 i 1.6)F 3 ( e.2 & .a)E 3 ( p) ( 5.7 . lo.9)E 3 ( %.7 = 10.9)E 1 ( 7.7 . A.9)F 3 . *( e/ ble et 3/ 3)e et 3/ 3)e CR.51 ( 93 3.?Fe07 ( 3l7 A 17.9)F i 17 ( 7.a A 78.5)E I ( 5.1 A 7.3)E 1 t 01 (.7.A . 6.a)F 2 ( 7.9 - 17.31F 1 et c/ nie et n/ 3)* *( o/ 3)e MN.5a ( 91 7.6(=o) ( Ig oA .%)E I 17 ( t.7 1 !6)E t (-2.1 & l.7)F 0 ( c) (.7.7 . 24.1)F o ( 5.1 . 1.01E n er n/ e?e et o/ 3)e *( c/ 3)e ! CD.54 ( c) 7.9F.07 ( 129 A 6.4)F 0 It ( M.3 1 to.7)E o (=7.3 & 6.51F o ( of (.l.a . 7,o)F 1 (.t.a . 6)E 1

et n/ 6)e *( o/ 3)e e( 0/ 3)e i

FE.59 ( 9) %.0Eeot (.6l1 A 7.9)F 1 11 f.5.0 i 3la)E 1 f.o.4 & t.R)F t ( o) (.i.: . o.oit 2 f.i.2 o.olr 2

  .                                     et o/ Aie                             *(    c/ 3)e                  *(   o/ 3)e CO.60    (   e)        7.0F.07       (=tf2 A.          7)F   t   21       ( l.1 i        1.5)E    t     ( l.1 A        1.5)F   1

( n) (.a.1 .T)F t (.7.4 . al.21F o

                                        *(     o/ 6)e                         et n/ 3)e                     et of 3)e i

ZN=ts ( 9) A.8Eeot t(v4 td5 A. 1.7)F t it ( 7.7 A 2.2)E t ( 6.6 & t h.5)F 0 , ( 01 66.0)F o ( 3.6 = ?.7)F t e( n/ 6)e *( n/ 3)e *r U/ 3)e Z0.;5 ( ei s.nE-07 ( 2(9 A t.7)E t 11 t 3.1 a 3.5)E 1 ( 3.t & t.0)F I ( n) (.3.e . m.a)E 1 ( 2.9 . 5.1)F t

                                         *( 0/ 6)e                            et o/ 3)e                     et 0/      3)*

e NON.WotiT T 4t RFFFkS T4 THE NHDNFW OF greakaTF & l' a stlW F

E N T S hH]fM DFRF CWFATF4 Twab T F r. (101 ftwFh THF avFuenF m af wGunuNn F no THt PFv!On OF IHF F8Powl

        **    THF FDaf f f 09: OF Maant F aHagfgF9 TIF LDINC D$ T[ CT gMI E .Fa 5'80 Fat NTS 4

(f.F. ))stnwa) is 1NnitatFr, .ffutu *( )..

m

4. .W ,..M WM un M ai. ..E ntn f t a i,F in 12//2/an e 17/31/71

, NEngs No sFnI*FN1/st:T omits prt/Fu nur QaD1090tt10Es INntrafoo miaffnHS (NO. amaLVgFmi NnwtNat utan.pahnf.aND MinHF et Stattt:N CON T R 11 l ist a 7 t DN S (NON.ROOTINEle L L tp MFaH,DahhF,ahD MEAN,DaNGF,aND N18] DFTFrTFD**
............. ........ ................... Sta[ Ott, prTFCTEDee NU. OFIFCTFDee N8=95 ( 93 ~
3.tE*01 1 6.6 i P.%)E I 11 f 7.2 1 4.91E ' ( t) ( 6.4 . tho.n)F 0 I f 1.2 A 2.1)E I f 2.1 . te.9)E I f.l.a . 5.4)F t of 3# 61e et 1/ 3)* et 1/ 3)* AG=ll0kt 91 1.0F*07 (.7(5g a.7)F i ( c) (.7.6 . 61F 2 17 f.5.1 1 4.51E I (.l.2 & 6)F 2 et 0/ 61e *( D/ 1)* fol.e . n.0)E 2 ef 0/ 3)e RU=l01 ( *) 2.nE=07 ( 2El A 133.1)E =1 ( 0) (.a.o - 17 ( 6.4 A 8.9)E 6 f.3.3 & 1616.9)F =2 e.9)E 1 et 0/ 61e et or 3)e f l.7 3.2)E t et o/ 3)e KU=106 ( 9) 7 ( 121 & ( 0) ( = 1.'1 = 41E 7 2%.1)E 1 17 f 1.3 i 6)E 7 f 9.4 & 3.0)F l of 0/ ( 3.4 . 13.1)E t 6)* *( 0/ 3)e of U/ 3)* l !=131 f 01 c. (.7d4 A e.a)E ( n) (.7.7 . .A1E 7 17 ( 4.0 A 2.9)E 7 ( 6.4 A is.01F t I 3 of 0/ 61e et 0/ 3)* (=l.7 . 3.21F 2 et U/ 3)* CSal38 ( 91 2.0f n2 (.421 a 5.%)E O !? 1 y ( 0) (.2.6 8)E I f.e.0 1 9.01E o fol.2 & 5)F 1 w *( 0/ 61e t.2.1 0.0)F 1 et e# 1)e of 0/ 1)e I C8-137 ( 91 2.0E=07 ( ele a 1.1)F 1 11 f e) (.321 ( l.3 h 31E 2 ( l.0 g 0)F 2
. 16.9)E I ( R.0 . fe.91E el 5' 61e *( 3/ 3)e I ( 9.4 =
10.7)F 1 et 3/ 3)e I SA=140 f 91 a.0E.07 (.3{7 a 3.%)E 2 f 0) (.2.1 .t)F 3 17 f.4.5 1 7le)F t (=1.5 & l.7)E 2 of op 6)* et n/ 1)* f.d.9 . .a)E 2 e( o/ 3)e I CE=let ( 9) 4.nF.07 ( 427 a 1.3)F 1 11 ( 5.s i ( 0) f.3)F t ( l.4 A 3.6)F (.6.'1 . ,77.01E O t
*( U/ 61e et n/ 3).
(.2.6 . 9.0)F t of 0/ 31e CE=144 ( 93 2 ( 2.M A 37.6)F n 17 f 4.2 1 ( 7.31F t (=2.6 A 4.6)F t t) (.%.9 . 19.4)F 1 f.4.5 I M.' A I E 1 et l/ 6le *( t/ 3)e (=t.8 . 5)F 7 of U/ 3)* i e gow.RooftwF nrrres in TMF uu.eFW OF MFPadaTF wF'aSHRFFFNTS WHICH hFDF GkFAfFu ee IMAN TFN (gg) Tf 4F $ fHF aWFbarF harwCROUHn F04 THE PFNIDn DF TH[ NFPr R T THF FDeCffoN OF 9%*F(F aha[ VSF S VTEinTNG PETErfaHIF mFasuor>EN?S (f.F. 319 f f.M81 te t hitic a lFD WITHIN e( 1e. I
gnig rg i 1 NEDIU4: SEnt>F%fista 7 Inst f S: prt/aC nut pao!ONUCI.!DE A 1%DireTne 4faffuhs Hit.NE 91 s t a tisin roNient t strat inns j (NO. ANALYSF4) ND* T h al wrau,uangt,ahn krAN,caNGF,ahD *F 4 N, D a kteF , a ND ( NON.RDrif ! N E l e te n NO,' 0FTFrfFhee STA NO. UFIFCffnee 90. hFffritnes TH.279 ( 93 7.nF.02 ( S*A g . elf 7 17 i s.9 i 51E 7 t S.9 A 3)E 7 ( el ( e.o . , 7.?)E 7 t 6.1 . 7.71f 7 ( S.3 6.3)F 2 et et ble *( 1/ 13e et 3/ lie e Nnw.WntaflNE HFFFNS 70 THE NilkmF.D nF SFPAWaff *f33ORFa'FNTS WHICH mfWr CRFafEW THAN TEN fin) TIMFS TMF AvFWacF pacunonuNn Fne f>F FFRiun nF THE kFPnkt ee THE FRACTION nr saMPL E AN AL YSFS YTEt nING OFTErfikt.E MF ASUpgwrNTS (i.E. >1 Sir. Mal is INDICATEn afTHIN e( je. i .a 'CD
W i YaN tf lfh a tal f(n i P flai l mi #7 /ah. a4F A 8'sMaaRY Fnk THF PFbipf $ 2 / P# /M f; . !?/31/Mt CEDIUnt *txEn GessFm HNffht Prl/hG hEt R ADIONDCL Inf S 140)Pa70D Afa71HNS HIGhF47 Sf47tnq (ND, awattsFs) NngtNet =Faq wawcF..aNo CONTROL I OCa f f 0NA (how. ROUTINE)e "Fa%.oswcF aon osaw.ea=6F awn Li li NLI! nFTErtrnee sta] Nn. OffECTED** NO. DETFCTEDee BE.7 ( 77) 7 ( Pl? A 6)E 3 21 ( 3.2 1 2.3)E 1 ( 2.s + 7)F 3 ( of ( 3.5 . 421.n)F l ( e.0 . 77.'9)F 7 ( 6.0 77.9)F 2 of 15/ 14)* *( 1/ 1)e of 9/ 9)e N.40 ( 27) 5 ( aeA ( 0) g ( t.1
.a)E 6.11F 1
3 21 t n.a i 6)E 3 ( 5.s A .a)F 3 e( IM/ 14)e ( 5.7 7.2)E 1 ( 3.2 . 7.7)F 3 et 3/ 1)e of 9/ 9)e C2 51 ( 27) 3.PE+07 (.t{2 a . ( c)
.%)E 2
P 21 f 1.9 1 2.01E 7 ( 9.9 A 7.7)E t (.6.3 . . 7.9)F (.l.n . e( o/ tale *( n/ 3)e 5.m)r 2 i et v/ 9)e CN=54 7.nF.07 ( ( 27)
0) ( 1l1 a. .e)F 1 IM ( 2.5 a 1,7)E I ( t.o a .a)E I f=1.6 %.9)F 1 f 1.2 - 58.7)E o i
et 1/ Isle et t/ 13e (=1.2 . 2.8)E t et 1/ 9)e I C0=58 ( 77) 7.0E.02 ( 4.' A & ( 3.a)F 0 la t 1.4 i t. ale t (.9.2 &
0) (.7.M = , a.7)E t 45.5]E .I of 0/ 1 Ale e( D/ 3)e
(.l.e . 7.3)F t of 0/ 9)e g FE.59 ( 77) 3.9E e01 g 1.n)E us f n) f 1 ( .a 9.(6 . tp.9)F 1 t 13 f 4.0 1 4.4]E I fol 7 g 9)F t et 9/ tale (.e.6 . t.e)F
*( 0/ 1)e et 0/ 9)e 3
CO.60 ( ??) 7.nE.op ( 0) (.3{3 a 1.5)E O 27 ( t.2 A 1.01F I f 4.1 A 6.8)F 0 (.1.s . 7.5)E t (.3.1
*( 0/ l#1e *( 0/ 3)e 3.2)F t of 0/ 9)e ZN=65 f 27)
( 0) 6.7 Feet ( tdt a 4.7)F o in f 1.A 1 1.01E I (.2.9 &. 123.6)F .1 f=6.4 .
. 1.1)F t e( 0# 18)e *( 0/ 3)e (.6.4 6.1)F t of O/ 91e Z:.95 ( 27)
( 0) 4.pE.07 (( e.6 t(t& . 1)F ? 75.7)E I 27 f 2.6 1 1.4)E 2 ( 2.4 & 6)F 2 et 12/ IM)* f e.9 . %3.5)E I ( b.2 934.01F 0 e( 3/ 3)e el 8/ 91e wnN.RouTJhr TwaH prFrut TO THE NU" hep OF SFeawaTE -FeSuwFPFNTS wHICH >FwF G4Fa1Fu
?> N fIni 7tWFS THr aVFpaGF maCwcunHNr. 8n2 TkE PFRinn HF 1HE wrpnut se TNF Fkattion ns 9 e M us. F awaLYSFS f f FLntNG PE TErf aHLE MEaSUSE"ENTS (1.F. ))MiGWA) 79 1%DICaiF0 .Ithlb e( )*.
O N E EPt/pa/p*. E E E E E g g g r awee r virF qt tr Fnv rainedF est s p an t ni nt.t C a t erinitrib f at. pas.F 23 v s 9 >t Nt 9n=mavy Free t>iF p s er t rin t/p/m/po . 12/31/At tiNi t s t pt I /n C, *t T EEDIUdt al u n (.p a sF S HIGMFet StattfN risN ibrig I-)Caffnw3 IUtDIONUCLTDES 1Hof r s trw 9tatis1NS M F a w ,1,4 4 G F ,8 NO wF a n , m a Nr.F . s hrt hFAN,DaNGF,8bh (NO, ANat156.3) NrmfNat Nil. OFTFCtEnee (NON.Rfiuf!NEle LLp N i ',' nFTErtFDee STal Nfs. OFTFCTLose NB.C5 3.0F ent ( 7.1 g 71t 7 27 ( a.a 1 2.11E 7 ( a.0 L 9)E 2 t 27) ( P) ( t.P . 3.6)E 2 f 9.a . 79.9)E I ( a.a . 79.9)E 1 et 17/ tale et 1/ 3)e et 9/ 9)e 7.aiF t ( .3 i .a1E 7 ( 3.5 A 7.A)F t AG. tion ( ??) 7.Ef+07 ( 1.'3 A tI 1.M)E P ( n) t.t.3 et 0/ Inte t.0)F 2 et 0/ 3)e f.t.2 - et 0/ ele . 27 ( 5.7 1 3.51E 1 ( 3.s & t.71F t . CU=to3 ( 77) 7.pF.07 ( t .'e A 71E I (.a.S . ft.8)F t I ( c) (.5.6 7.e)E 1 f.3.9 . Ite.01E o
*( 6/ tele et 1/ 3)e et 3/ 9)e au= ton ( ??) 7 ( 9 'O A 7.71F t 27 f 7.3 i 1.1)E 2 t 1.3 A 61F 7
( 0) (.9.3 21.61E I (.7.6 so.31F 1 l e( 0/ Inte *( n/ 3)e et 0/ 9)e i 1 139 f ??) n. ( 7.3 1 2 3. 41 F. I 19 f 9.6 1 m.41F 7 ( 6.5 a 12.6)F n,a)F 2 1 n) 7.6)F 3 f.5./ . i ( (.7.3 et 0/ 91e et Os smie et n/ 3)e CS.33a ( 271 7. o E .ie 7 ( t .[ 3 a 7)F t 21 f.5.7 1 55.71E .1 f.9.5 g a,a)F 8)F t 0 i f 0) (.2.0 . .a)E 1 f.2.7 o *( 0/ 3)e et 0/ 9)*
et 0/ tm)*
C8 137 ( 27) 7.aF.67 (( efe i 1.a)F t 17 ( A.21 5.51F 1 ( 5.0 g 1.01F 1 ( 0) 6.1 . 197.0)F 0 ( 2.0 . 19.71E t ( 2.M . go.8)F o ei 12/ Im)* *( 7/ 3)e et 7/ 9)e Ba. leo f 771 4.nF.07 (.7(a g 6.0)F t 1% ( t.7 1 2.'01 F 7 ( 5.a a 2.11F 12.1)E 1 ( 03 (.m.e . 5.6)E F et 4/ 3)e ( 5.7 - et 0/ 9)e 1 et c/ ta)e CE.lat ( 27) s . 0 E .ti p ( tfM g .o)F 1 27 ( 6.5 i 2.01E I t ( 5.2 & 1.A)F 1 ( 0) (.5.1 . 4.61F 1 ( 2.9 - 11.61F f.o.2 II.6)F 1
*( 5/ tm)e et 1/ 3)* *( a/ Ole CE.las t ??) 7 ( 4.a g .a)F 7 2e a e,3 g 1.71r p ( 5.7 1 t.7)F 2
( n) ( 7.M = 47.a)E 1 8 7A . p.31E 7 ( t.1 . 17.2)F 2 et IM/ tale et 3/ 3)e *( 9/ 9)* l ? l e *. fig.53f sof f e F ">Ffws in TwE NovemFe siF 3rpatenTF d6 p tHds .F *e t 9 >HIPH e F ev r r.I;F a T F b teso 1F H ( t .i t ti.F % f eas- a vF p a r.F e s t w r.wistown Ft9 Tet PF k i pe, nF let Wr af:w f ee t e.F >' ** e r i t o % or 4 9.PI e a ra at v ar i f T F L n t e r. tit
E r f a >I > + p agemF MFNT9 <
1 (1.r. u s t r.'e s t 14 1*:n t r a to ri .i tu t % et ).. J
,,,......, .a.... ,,,F.,,, ,,,..... N,.1 . . n i .,< ,,.. , c a < ,,,, , .n. ,,,,,,, .. ae,895 8fumsww Fe,9 THF PFW!nD 12/PR/AD . 17/31/Al MEDIUd t l at n GN8 5F S 8'N t T 5 : ect/xc SET DaDIONts.~.t inF S I Nn t r a T(10 %Tafin49 HIGHFST SfaTink ruN T oilt l etr a 110N S , th0. AwaLvSFm) Natuf Nag wt s N,pa'acF . a tso
FAN. Rat 4G5,4An MEAN,DawGF,ahn (NON.Rflit T I h E l e LLn Nfl.' nffFCTFnte SWA[ 40 DrTFCTEnee NO. DFIFCTE0ee l ...................
TH.228 ( 771 7.nF .0 7 ( 4.9 A t. nit 1 it f 1.% A 51F 7 8 9.5 A 3.$1E 1 ( e) (=l.7 fl.71E I ( A.t . 73.'71 E t t.8.8 . 23.7)E t af 0/ 141e *( 1/ 1)e ei 1/ 9)e l l e NfiN.ptlilf tp E FFFFWS Til THE Nil 4RER OF SFPARaTF MEaSliREMFNTS WHICH WF4F GkEaTER j THAN TVN (to) Tf*FS TMF avFoacF RACMCPOONn FnR THE PEW 100 flF THE NFPndi a en THF F4aCITnN OF Sa.ptg shalvsFA ffELntNG nETErfaHl.E MEaSUEFMENT9 1 (I.E. 135tGMA) IM IhisiCaTFD mtTNIts et le. I i 1 U i 4 i 1 1 l
W e aeag e, W, M M n e r F W i..- m '., M nr.i m lis e ur. 3 7/. m . m gn.mawy s eip tur DFh ints 1///A/40 . 12/11/Pt 041T51 pr t /a4 at t KE n t TIM t V F r.E t a f t sin e sol,4ffC . DADIONIsrt It'E m f atsf r a tiin 9f a 7181NS NfGHEet statinN tiik ipot Leit a T IO% s (h0. ANatymE9) Ntia f N at .I s es, u a Ncf , a ND Plan,DANbE,shn MEAN,DahGF,4ND (NON.ennifN7le LLn Hfl. DFTErTFnee S t a ,* hq. nFTFCTFI Nt'. brfFCTEDe* CE.7 ( 41 7 ( ) .}9 A a.c)F 7 11 ( 3.9 h 4.01E 7 ( 1.3 A t,alF 2 ( el (.t.5 = 78.9)F 1 (.t.5 78.o)E 1 (.1.3 26,a)F 3 et 1/ 21e *( t/ Pie et 1/ die ( 1.4 i
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E=40 ( al 9 ( 12e A .t1E 1 11 .tir 1 ( 2.9 A 5)F 3 ( n) ( l.3 , t 9)F 3 ( ).3 1.5)E 3 ( 2.s . 3,5)E 3 et 2/ 21e et 2/ 7)e et 2/ 21e CC.5: ( a) .t.n. ton (.95A 9.7)F n 29 ( 5.5 1 6.3)F 1 ( 5.5 A 6.3)E t ( 0) ( =1.T . 0.n)E 1 (-7.2 Ilm.01F o et n/ 21e et of 7)e et 0/ 21e CN.Sa ( al 7.cr.op (( al A t.asr 0 29 ( n.a i 1.7)F n ( o.a A 1.7)F e ( 01 2.7 4.5)E n ( a.7 8.11E O et c/ 2ie et c/ 21e *( 0/ 21e C0=58 ( al 7.ny..np (.t.2 A . tit i 21 ( 7.8 1 7)E o ( 7.8 & 7)F n ( 0) (.t.5 o.n)E I ( f.t . A.5)F e
*( 0/ 21e et 0/ 21e et 0/ 21e FE.59 ( a) 4.nFent ( A[a g 4)F 0 21 ( t.0 1 1.0)E 1 ( l.0 g 1.01F I j La ( n) ( 7.7 0.7)F n ( 7.9 . ten.03E .1 ."# et 0/ 2)e e( 0/ 21e of 0/ 2)e
! CD.60 ( al 7.nF.07 (.320 x 15. 01 F. n 21 ( 5.3 1 8.a)E O ( 5.5 g m.a)F o o ( n) (.t.7 . . 1.1)F 1 f.3.0 . 13.7)F ! et 0/ 21e et 0/ 2)* et 0/ 21e i ZN=65 ( a) .t.c.lon ( t.2 A 9)E 1 11 ( t.2 1 9)E 1 (.l.a g ,g)F 0 0 ( n) ( 3.t . 21.6)E O (.a.5 o.01F et 0/ 21e et n/ 2)* *( 0/ 2)* 20 95 ( a) a.nF=p2 ( if7 A 7)F t 21 ( 3.s i t,5)E t ( 3.s a 1.3)F t t ( n) ( t.0 . 7.a)E ( 2.1 . a.7)E 1 f 2.1 . a.71F et 0/ 21e *( lt 7)e et 1/ 2)* e ..n........i., ,,,, e ,,,1., ,n ,. F . nF s ,s.,a,, ..Fas,. ..F~,, .. i r . , r ., c.,, a i ., Twas, t r e, g t i.) i t.r t fHF a v r e s t.r malmCWnel%'s Fnp THE PF kIttn st$ THf W a Pt1D T ee THE F u sC T Istee sir ga.te F awas ytt 9 yttLnthG DFTErfae: F *F a nner =Fwis (T.F. > 1911.*' 41 i s 1,.r,1 C a 1 F D mITMlu *( 1e. I
DHMS DA nCf 'df 4 f C 2 /fe e E M fiti P.r $ F flF F FN Sth wal V FIC TwF PF u l pti 12/78/89 e 12/31/tt
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(NON.Rouf!NEle LLe Nn! nFTErTFnee Stal ..=................
.stE t ( 2.6 1 3)E 1 1 5.7 A 15.1)E o No.95 ( c1 .t.0. ton ( 2{61 i it f 1.8 = 3.4)E t ( 9.8 = 20.8)E O
( 1) ( 1.M = , 3.a)E et 1/ 2)e et 0/ 21e et 1/ 2)e 2: t.e)E I t e. A t,n)F 1 AG it0Mt 41 .t.o ton (=1 .,0 A A.A)F t ( a.t i t (=0.6 = 7.A)F t ( 2.4 . 5.9)F ( 0) et 0/ 2)e of O/ 21e et 0/ Ple (.4!6 1 2.0)E o 1I f.a.6 1 2.01E O ( 's.9 A 4.01E o RU.103 ( 4) 2.0F=02 (.9.0 . 0.01E 9 ( n) (.6.6 . 0.01E o et 0/ 2)e *( 0/ 2)* ef 0/ 2)*
4) .? ( R.[5 A 6)F t it f 4.5 i 6)E l ( 4.4 & 2a.3)F 0 GU.106 (
( 7.9 . #.01F t (=2.0 = 2.9)F t ( 0) et 0/ 21e of c/ 21e et 0/ 21e 4 t.6)E t ( t.1 A 3.6)F 1 1 131 ( a) 6 (.5!4 A ( = 7.' 3 1.e)F 0.01F 1 t 21 ( t.t A (.5.0 . 26.1)E o l f 01 et 0/ 2)e et o/ 21e
*( 0/ 21e 1.9)F 0 C3 134 ( 4) 2.0F.07 (t(9 A 11E O it (=t.9 1 9)E 9 f.#.3 A . 0.0)F u (=0.2 0.0)E o , u ( 0) ( 2.3 et 0/ 21e of 0/ 2)e *( 0/ 21e I w 1
f 3.3 1 40.'01F .I ( 2.1 A 8)F 0 CS.137 ( a) 2.0E.32 ( 33Ag 60.0)E =t 11 (=2.9 0.9)F 0 ( 0) (=5.7 = 6.3)F 0 e( 0/ 2)e of O/ 21e ' ef 0/ 21e (=3!7 A 4.9)F 9 21 f 2.5 1 2.2)E t ( 2.5 A 2.2)F - 1 C4.ta0 t a) R.0E.07 ( 2.3 e6.7)E O ( 0) (=t.3 5)F 3 et 0/ 21e et 0/ 2)e et 0/ 21e i CE. tat ( e) a . fit .0 7 ( 9!8 g 1.%)E D 11 f 9.8 i 1.5)E n ( 2.0 A tt.6)E O f st.N . .it.3)E o (.9.o . 13.6)F 0 ( 0) *( 0/ 2)e et C/ 2)e of 0/ Pie
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(1.F. >3dfGwa) TS ThufCATFn .11Hib *( 1e. I i
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ILn Nil. OffEPTFnee STA Nf t. DFTECTEDee
............. ........ ................... NO. OFTFCTE0**
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t p) (.%f7 A
(.7.6 . , p.n)E t . m i' ' O O 21 f 4.1 i St.1)E O ( 4.1 & It.1)F 0 l *( 0/ 3)e et U/ 1)* et w/ 11e FE.59 ( a) 3.oE*0t I ( 0) ( . t .' t A ( 7.4 . 7)F 1
, n.0)E 1 11 f.2.8 i 75.6)E o f.l.e A 3.2)F 1 ta et 9/ 3)e *( 0/ 13e
(.l.6 . 0.0)E 1 ! E of U/ 1)*- CD.60 ( a) 7.nF.n7 ( 7.'t A ( 0) 3.7)E ( .2.'9 . , R.8)F O 0 17 f R.n i 9.71E D (.l.4 & 91F t (
*( 0/ 3)e (.I.4 . A.01F f et 0/ 1)* et o/ 11e (
ZN.64 ( el s i ( 01
.t.o ton ( .9."h A
(.6.3 46.7)F =1 A.%)E O 17 f 3.31 17.91E n ( 2.2 & 16,5)E 6' ' i 1 et 0/ 3)e f.2.2 - D.0)E a et 0/ 1)e et 0/ 1)*- ZR.*5 f 41 4.cE.n? ( 1.'5 A .h)F t I ( of ( 6.' 7 . ,2A.8)F 1 17 ( 7.7 1 2.01E 1 (.9.5 & 29.61E O 0 of O/ 3)e *( 0/ t)e (.h5 *
- 6.0)E o et 0/ 11e i
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y
FN wF ' pa .r. i t 1W1 M G m/0em a g g E E M g at wts s+F . 17/tt/pt v 30m m ay y Fnk TMF WFRtnn 12p/p/no twit $1 prt/aG *ET ME D til* WECF14T)DM . TFkwf9ffat HI4dF af Staf!DN CON T R nt tHC&TtnMS T Nn t r a f fik 97aftDNA PEAN,9aNCFeakp " fan.94NbF,4NO Q&Dt0NOCLfnFS bFAN,DaNCF.shn ' hti. 05T'CTEnee (NO. akalV9F9) NDMI N at, Wil. nFTgrtFnee 5fa, en. DF1ECTEnee ................... (,[ O (NnN.RnOTINF)e ........ ................... .... .....................
............. IP.%)F n
( 3.9 A .P)E t (.l.6 & ( 7.5 g .A)F t it (.t.6 . n.0)E O N8 75 ( a) .l.c.10n 0 ( t) ( 9.5 38.h)F et 1/ 1)e et 0/ 11e et 1/ 3)e ( 5.4 i s.'s)E t ( 2.7 A h.2)E 1 a.m)F i 13 AG=ttauf a) .t.n. ten (.t.n a~ 9)E P et 0/ 1)e ( u) (.t.t . et 9/ t)e et 0/ 3)e ( 7.5 1 in.2)E o (.l.5 A t.7)F 1 7.pt.n/ ( t .[d a 4.%)F 0 ft (.t.5 n.0)F t
RU.103 ( al
(.g.7 7.5)F n of 0/ 11e ( n) et 0/ lie et 0/ 3)e I (.t.1 & 6)F 7 1.p)F t 11 ( a91 3.n)E n 0)F 2 7 ( ?.5 A f.t.t . CU=t06 ( al 49.7)> 0 et 0/ 1)e ( 0) (.9.0 et 0/ 3)e
*( 0/ 1)e n ( 2.3 A 1.8)E o
( 6.9 A 7.3)E .I 21 ( 7.3 1 1.81E 1 131 ( a) 0 (.3.3 21.n)F 1 of 0/ 11e i ( n) et 0/ 13e et 0/ 3ie 6.a1F n ( .3.[ A g 7.3)E e 11 (.2.9 i 35.P1E .1 (.4.a & (.a.a = 0.0)F 0 C3 13e ( a) 2.0F n? n.3)E y cn ( n) (.M.3 O
*( 0/ 1)e et 0/ t)e
et 0/ 3)e e
( t.3 1 3)E 1 ( e.5 A 6.11F C3 137 ( a) 7,ns.07 ( 1.[o a .t)E 1 n 11 ( t) ( M.5 t?.71F *( 1/ t)e et 0/ 11e et 1/ 3)e ( 2.s a 7.P)F 7 ( 2.8 1 7.8)F 2 (.tfe g t.p)F 7 21 a) e.nF.o? f 84 tao ( 4)E 7 *( 0/ 11e ( 01 (.5.2 of 0/ 1)e l ' et 0/ 3)e ( t.8 a 3.2)E t ( t,5 g t,a)F t 17 ( 3.2 1 3.11E i CE.tal ( a) a.nF.c7 ( n) (.1.a . 3.7)F 1 of n/ t)e *( 0/ 11e et 0/ 3)e 5]F F ( a .' t a 7)F t 21 ( t.1 1 4)E 7 ( l.1 & CE.taa ( a) 7 ( t) ( %.6 . A.a)F t *( 0/ 11e et 0/ 1)* et t/ 11e 1 e gor 4.pput t e F s.F F F R 9 T il Twf httukFp c1F SFPawafF .Ia41*F.F4TS WHtFH DFHF Gt4Faffu THa4 TFN ttn) Y t '9t S THF ayFuaGF mateGuouNn Friw 197 6 Euttin NIS
*F ASokFMt os twt WFrowt se THE FHattfelM IlF g o.Pt f aNet.VSFS YTranTNG o*ThrfausF 10 0
(1.F. 335f G> g) 19 Imu tr t1F D .tTwtN e(
O E E E E n7/n s /.in. W w a l.F g g g g VFWMONT fayaFF sirr9t f F Fev t PHPA & NT al sanInl.nntral alimt Tokf un insawapy Fos tur pregna. 12/PD/RU . 12/11/a1
' OhlT58 FfI/8C BET MEDfuMt VFGtfaill N . TFRRF 9II st INntraffiR statinNS NIGMF91 STATION CONTRill IDCAT10NS DaninNuttinES "EaN,RaNCE, awn >FANepaNGFeaAn MFAN,#ANGF, ann (NO. aNaLVME91 NOMINAL AO. nFTFETEn** NO. DFTECTEn**
(NON.NOHTINE)* LI. o NO.* nFTErTFn** S f a ,* TM-228 i al 7.00 07 ( 6 g'l A 18.71E o 11 ( 2.2 i t.31E I (=1.3 A 2.4)F 1 t (=2.2 = , 2.2)E I fol.3 0.0)F 1 ( 0) *( 1)* of 0/ 11*
*( 0/ 3)* 0/
1 d 1 l e NON.ROHT16F RFFFRS TO THE NH"RF.R OF SEpaR& TF ut astiRFMFNTS WHICN WEPF GEFATFk THAN TFN (In) T!"FS THF avFRAGF maCNGROUNn Fnk THF PFRIOn nF THE Arpnpf j et THE FRACITHN liF samplF aNaLYSFS YTFLn1NC DFTErf a4t F ME 45 Uu t:MFNT9
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kEDIUwt m a ti p = r,kouHe obtis re l /Li tF k thl'Irafoo 9fstin=3 HIGMF 97 statinw r INf Rot inraffnNS paDinHtarlIDES bFaN,WahGF,ath MFAN,GakGF,ahn kt'ak,eswrr.shn (NO. aNat vie S) knafNAL htt. brTFCTFDe* NH. OFTFCTFDe* (NON.RDtst !NF l o 18.6 NH.' nfTFrTFnee Sta] ................... 11E 1 ( l.9 A 11E 9 GCe9 f in) 9 ( t .'l A 7)F t 14 ( t.h A f 1,4 = 1.81F t ( l.a . P.7)F n i ( t) ( 3.5 - 20.7)E o et at a)e l
*( IP/ 121e et at a)e ,
m nFoot ( 5.a g 1.a)F e it ( 5.6 A a.31E o t.2.0 1 7.n)F a CE=7 ( 161 (.5.5 7.a)E n ( n) ( 7.N .
*( J/ 121e IA.atF o *( 0/ a)e et 0/ ate N.30 2.nFe07
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f e4 A 5.0)E n t.6.3 g CR=51 ( 16) 1.7E*01 ( 4 ei 1.n)E n it (.1.n . 7.1)E I (=2.3 1.6)F 0 ( n) et n/ ale et 0/ a)e of c/ IP)* aw.5a ( e6i n. ( 2;a a 7. nit .I 11 e n.21 .'9)E .1 f.a.s t 4.str .I 81F o 1.t1F o f.s.3 ( n) (.f 3 et 0/ a). e( 0/ 121e et O/ a)e ( 161 A. (.t.7 A 4.6)F .I 11 ( a.5 1 5.a1E .1 (.2.5 i 3.2)F et CD.58 ( 7.0 6.9)F .1 ( n1 ( .7 's . f.c)F n et n/ a)* et 0/ ale g of 0/ 121e rE.5 ( is) i.ne.nl ( 1;2 i 5..ir i ir e i.a i . 1 r. n e.9.0 i t l.a . e5. ale .2p P.o)F ( n) (.a.3 3.4)F n et 0/ als of 0/ 121e et n/ ale ( 161 m. ( a .[I A 1.7)E . la ( u.6 A 5.a)F .I (.M.I A a.8)F .1 CO.60 (.l.7 . 01F o ( 01 f.l.c . 7.a1E o et b/ S?ie e( o/ a)e of 0/ ale lh.65 ( 16) a. (.t.a A a 61F .I 11 f.5.1 1 110.71E .7 f.7.3 A 7.1)F .I n) (.P.6 - , 2.a)E o ( 2.0 . 1.a)F 0 ( ef o/ a)e of 0/ 12)* et 0/ 4)* e Noh.wltHT f *+ 4F From til THF *s t ew u F p fir sFpaG a TF *I ailtDraFhT H WHirH aFAF GkFaTrk TwaN Tf N flu) T !** % THF avFuaGF paleConHHn Fnk Tur PFeron nF THE WFPopf as THF F w a c t ifsw a r se*pl F aung vss 9 vfFinihG DETErfa tF n HF aitlRF *F# T 3 ( f .t . >4tfG*a) 19 t=nicaTrn etTHlw et le.
v is t spe OFF rt Nut War r. i t irs t C /no E E iisauswv Fles THF PEPtnn 17/kP/do = 17/31/31 NEDittat wa1Fe . r.wouwe llN t 131 rr.1/Litte R A DinNilcl.inE 9 TNoteafno 97afin65 HIGMFet 57a t tnia CONierM ificattuNS
> Fan, NANCE. awn NFaNeo a N r.F , a Nn m F a N , p a n.r,F , a Nn (No. ANALYSES) Nnutual Nti. nrtEctEnon twoa.anurtNFie Ltn No; nrvFetsnee stal *n. nFtFrtEn.. ............. =....=..
2M5 1 16) 1.0F+01 ( e.7 A an.1)F 2 11 ( 6.6 i SJ1)E -1 (-l.7 1 6.6)F .1 ( 0) (=2.4
7.9)E 0 f l.1 f.A)F n
*( o/ 121e et 0/ e}e .( Op ele N8=C5 ( la) 2 .' ( l .'5 A 1.11F al 11 ( a .1 A 5.'6)E .I (=F.2 A 7.8)F *t l
( 0) (=t.9 . 7.71E O (=n.n . 72.01E -l f.l.5 O.n)F 0 et 1/ 121e e( 1/ a)e et 0/ ele 4g.180>( 36) 3.aFent ( t ,'5 A 14.6)E .1 11 ( 2.1 1 3.51E O ( l.7 A 7)F 0 ( 01 f.s.a = . 6.7)F 0 (.l.0 31.8)F .I
*( 0/ !?)e *( 0/ 4)* et 0/ 4)e RU-103 ( IA) n. (. mil A 7.6)F 1 17 (=t.e i 2.41E .1 (=1.0 & 3)F 0
( 01 f.p;3 .uF 0 fol.. - 0.0)r o i et 0/ 121e *( 0/ 4)e et 0/ Ele f.t.2 1 J CU*106 ( 16) 8.nfect (=3l5 A 1.01E O 21 1.3)E o (=1.2 A 1.3)F 0
( 0) (.i.3 93E i (==.a - 1.63r n
! *( 0/ 171e *( 0/ 4)* e( 0/ 4)e tel31 ( 16) n. ( AJA A st.7)F 1 29 ( 2.7 i P.8)E o ( 2.7 A 2.3)F 0 lu ( c) (.7.2 = 10,5)E o (.8.0 - 86.8)F =l
.? *( 0/ 12). .( n/ a)e et 0/ ele J
C5=134 ( 16) 9 ( e.n A 7.a)F -t 11 ( t.R 1 73.71F ~7 f.6.1 g a.2)E =1 ( 01 (.l.7 = . 7)F 0 f t.9 . . 0.01E 0 et 0/ 121e et n/ eje et 0/ a)e CSel37 ( 16) 9 (=7d8 A 7.7)F -1 17 ( 7.4 A 21.2if .? f.3.5 A t 01E .1 ( n) (=P.0 . 6)E O (=e.9 = 0.01F .t i et 0/ 17)e et 0/ 4)* e( 0/ ele Ra=la0 ( 16) 1.V e n t ( A25 A 8 %)F =1 11 ( 1.1 i 1.7)E O ( F.3 A 23.01F .1 l ( 0) (=2.7 . 4.21F 0 (.3.4 - 7.3)F 0
*( 0/ IP)e *( n/ Ole et 0/ 4)e CE-tal ( le) 7.oFent ( =7 '4 A 6.7)F 1 li ( 3.4 i 12.7)E =t (=1.9 A 8.9)F =1 o
( n) (.2.7 = 4.11F 0 (-1.5 = 1.81E
*( 0/ 121e et 0/ 4)e of 0/ ele e Now.Ruist g eir uF F r o g Til THf tsuus ER nr SFPawaTF i+asttWFHFNTS =WICH bFAF GWFathk THab TF N (in) f l ** F 9 THF avFRAGF R ACml:UnUNp F r.u THF **E H i t en nF 1HF prPnvi se THs FI*artfow OF qapptF shat)%FM YTFlnINn ortErlapit FrasupF"FNTS (i.F. S h f 6. a ) is TNnf t,a lFu dT THIN et )..
4 i E E 5 S ti e P / At l cED t tia l ma TF W
c u ni+ b siNitse pel/LITFW Ranf 0NiscLipt s fontraton pfaffnNS btGHE 97 Staf fra tt NTWill eficallONS (NO. ANat vaES1 ND*fNat "F a b.ea NcF .ahn >Fah,paNGF,ako MFaN,cahGF, awn (NON.NouTINrie LLp 40.* nFTFrTFnee bial hit. DFTFCTEDee No. DFTECTFDea CE.tas ( Inl P.nF*01 ( 9.2 A t?.8)E .1 11 ( t.a i 5.04E o (.2.5 A 1.5)F a
( 0) (=9.1 = tl.9)E o (.e 9 t.3)E n et n/ 12). et 0/ a)e er g/ ale RA=226 ( al 6.0 Feet ( 5,2 A A.01F .2 11 ( t9i 1.7)E .1 ( s.O A 12.0)F 2 ( 0) (.t.1 . f.91E .t et 0/ 11e e( n/ t)e et 0/ lie TH=22M ( 16) 1.0F+01 t .2.' O A 6.5)E .t it ( t.1 i 1.1)F n (.t.T A 81E n ( 0) (.5.'t . 4.11F 0 (=3.1 61E n
*( 0/ 121e et 0/ a)e et 0/ ele
( 2.1 1
~
M.3 t 16) 0.0F+01 ( 6l9 A 2.01E 1 21 .3)E 2 ( 2.1 A 3)E 2 ( n) (.t.5 p.7)E 2 ( t.3 = 2.8)E 2 et 0/ 121e *( 0/ ele et 0/ ele l
\
e NON.WilllTTNF RFFFRS TO THE NUNDER OF SFPaRa TF MF a stiRF PENTS WHICH mFRF GRFAftR l THAN TFN tin) Tt=FS THF avFRaGF RaCwGenuNn FnW TkE PFNiun nF THE UFPnRT
,) et THE FRACTTON OF MaMPLF a N a l_ Y SF S YTFi n f MC DETER f aHl.E PFa SUEFME NTS
(!.E. 335tGmal TS IhofCaTFD aTTHTN *( 1e. 1 i l l l
un //pc an. E E vFwront v o s,e t r ers agt er p >vico twt at paninent.tCat enNT SoamsFv as@ inF 'tWlon 12//8/Sp . 17/31/e1 Hwif51 PC1/L I T E M MEDIUMt hafEe ktvru HIGHEtt STattnN CDN f put t itca f f DNS m an tt:4nclinF M IND!raTDe AT& TION 9 MEaN, MANGE, awe mEsu,paNGE,ahn wEsN,es=GF,akD (tO. aHaL YMt 9) NOM f Hat AH. DFTECTEnee Nn. nFTECTEDee (NON. Rout!NEle Lt.0 kH.' DFTErTFn*e Stal ................... G%.3 ( 16) 9 ( 2.'5 A 7)F 0 2t ( 7.8 i 2)E o t 2.8 A 7)F 0 a.1)E O ( 0) ( t.1 a.a)E O ( t.? . c.11E o t 1.7 et 7a/ Pale et 12/ 12)e *( 12/ 121e M.0Fe01 (.2.Id a 16.9)E .I 17 ( a.1 1 f '6)E O (.3.? A 1.5)F A SE=7 ( 36) (.l.3 .a)E 1 ( 01 (=2.2 . 1.7)F t et 0/ 121e of 0/ 121e et 0/ Ps)* 7.or+07 ( 9.t a Pa.a)F .1 11 ( t.A i s.01E o (=a.2 A 21.01E .I l Kea0 ( 36) ( l.2 1.1)E I ( 01 (.3.2 , t 8)E I et 0/ 74)* et 0/ IPlo et 0/ 121e ( 2.1 1 P3.6)E .1 (.t.2 & P.5)E O i l CR=51 ( 36) 1.7Fent (.t(e & IA.3)F f.61F 1 t 11 t.t 9 . 1.s)E I i ( 0) (.t.7 l l J et 0/ Faie *( 0/ 17)* et 0/ 121e l A. (.7,a & t?.m)F .2 2t ( f.e 1 2.3)E =t ( 1.6 & P.3)E .1 l MN=5a ( 36) ( 0) (.t.5 1.t1E D (.8.7 = 20.a)F .I et o/ Pale *( 0/ 121e et 0/ 121e 16.11L .2 17 (.2.8 A 23.01E .2 f.3.s A 17.a)E .2 CO.54 ( 361 A. (.2 g n a o ( t.# . 8)E O
- ( 0) (.t.7 s.71E et 0/ 121e et 0/ Pale of 0/ 12)e 7'
3.9)E .1 2: ( a.3 1 5.'3)E .1 ( a.3 A 5.3)F I FE=59 ( 36) 1.nte01 (.t.e A f.2.6 3.9)E n l ( n) (.a.'? . 3.4)F 0 et 0/ 12)e et 0/ Pale e( 0/ IPle (.3d5 a 7 t)E .I 21 ( 7.2 1 2.7)E .1 ( 2.2 A 7.7)F .t CD=to ( 3A) 8 .'
,9 . , 7.7)F o ( l.a = 2.0)E O
( n) (. et O/ 121e et op pa)e et c/ 37)e ( .91 ( s.9 a p.ejr .i zN-65 ( 3.) a. ( 2.'s 4 5.7)E .I 17 a..)E .: (.7.a . 19.9)E .1 ( 0) (=5.a . , 1.1)E D et 0/ Pale e( 0/ 17)e et 0/ 12)e e NON.R OH f !'rF I4 E F F D A TO THE NHweFA HF MFPAkaTF >FiSHkF4FNTA MHICN WFRE GRE A TE R twan trn (to) ffwfi Twr avFuaGF paCwGoou>n Fno T HF. PEulon nF THE RFPnpi en tot FR4CTins or maaplF aNaLY9FA vfFlof%c nFTECTaHeF MEasupEpFHTS ff.E. >11TGaal to INnicafro w!THiw et 1e.
dow F t.w FF / t /at EEDIUnt haftw . utyte llNITSI prt/LITFW R AD!nNI:ClIDFS TH0!rainD tfattDNA Hir.NEtt staTTnN confune tocattnN5 (40, 4NaLYSt9) Nr+ t Na t MFan eushr.(, ann HF aN,oaHGF, At n 9 FAN bahr.F,ahn (NON.WouTINEle LLs DFtFCf8D** Ho, DFTFCTEnee 60, nFTFCTED** ' t.0 STA[ l ............. ........ ................... .... ..................... ................... 22.C5 ( 3h) 1. 0 F.
n t (.3.'t A 2.A)F .I 28 f a.3 1 116.0)E 1 ( 8.3 & 136.*)F .3
( of (.3.4 . 7.110 9 (.2.9 = 1.2)F n et 0/ 24)* *( p/ 121e et 0/ 12)* N8 45 ( 1h) 7 ( 7l0 A th.9)E .2 2t ( 5.4 i 1.9)F .1 ( 5.s A t.9)E .t ( n) (.t.7 t.9)F 0 (.9.3 th.6)F .1 et n/ Pale et 0/ 12}e of 0/ 121e 1 l AG.llert 3h) 1.etent ( 1.' t A t.7)F n it ( 3.1 i 1.91E n (.t.b A 1.6)E n l ( 0) (.9.a . , o.1)F 0 f.9.0 A.2)E o j
*( v/ 2 ele et O/ 121e et 0/ 121e i 1
l CU=103 f 36) 8 (.7.4 A t.3)E .I 21 f.a.a 1 1.71F .1 (.8.8 A 1.7)E .1 l t 01 ( 1.'7 . .h)F o (.t.s . 41F 0 of o/ 24)* et 0/ 121e et U/ 12)* CU.106 ( 36) P.nEsot tea.t A 17.3)F .1 29 f 1.3 i 1.7)E o f 3.3 A 1.7)F n ( 0) (.9.7 .la.7)E o (.o.6 13.5)F n
*( 0/ 24)e *( 0/ 121e e( 0/ 12)* ~
t.t.e A 1.s)F n
!=l31 ( 16) e. f 1.h A A.a)F .I 11 ( 3.s A 12.5)E .I
( n) (.7 a . 30.A)E O (=t.4 . 3)E 1 i - of U/ Pete *( 0/ 17)* et 0/ 121e N CS=134 f 36) 9 (.5.'t A 1.7)F .I 21 (.1.3 A 1.9)F .1 f.3.3 A t.9)F 3 ( 0) ( 2.' t . 1.1)F 0 fol.5 9)F o et 0/ 24)e et 0/ 12)e et 0/ 121e c3=t37 ( 36) 9 (.l(9 A. 1.1)E .1 28 ( 2.2 i 1.4)E .1 ( 2.2 A 1.4)F .I t of (=8.1 ft.5)E .1 (.e.4 . 10.9)E .1 et 0/ 2 ale et n/ 17)e of 0/ 12)e BA=len f 36) 1.9 Feel (.t.4 A .h)F 0 11 f.t.2 i t.n)E o (.t.3 A 6)F o t 01 (.9.6 . 3.0)F 0 (.4.1 . 3.2)F 0 et 0/ Pale et 0/ 12)e et 0/ 121e CE. tat f lo) 7.nF*ot ( a .' 3 g 1.E)F 1 17 t A.7 1 3.51E .I ( t.1 & 9.0)F .I ( n) (.5.5 1.2)E O (.3.4 . 3.11F n of 0/ 24)e *( 0/ 12)* *( U/ 121e e NON.RoH1thF prFFRs to ist No ato or SFPapaTF *t'a%DWFMENTS mH!rH eFPF GReaTFW vpah IF h (101 TiwF S THF avFwact naturonUNn FOR THE FEdTon nF THE WFPONT ee THE Fwatitou nF samPL F aNa[YmF$ ytrinTNG DFTErfaHIf "EaSHot*ENTS (f.F. 33 s i s,> a ) i m I Nn t C 4 f F t;
T ip t te *( ).
ONt >F fit rF lam Ra nsif allN P.G 2 /ai . E N Mta=*pstiv Ft.p TM PE p tnf e 12s/S/sh e 12/11/pt KEntpM es a f f 9 . u t vp p UNITS: SC1/ LITER RantoNHClInEA THntraine AfaTIONS HIGHF 97 ST A T!t14 CONTRnl tDCaf!0h3 (Nu. aNat VMF st AnwtN AL NFaN. RANGE,ahn HEaN 0aNGE,aho NEAN, RANGE,ahD (NON.enOfthEle 1.t n kH. f)F T F C T F n *
STal 60 DFTFCTEnee N(1 DFIFCTEDee CE.tae ( 36) A.cF+01 ( t .' 3 A 9. TIE .t 12 ( t.6 i 12.7)E .I (.e.9 A 9.8)E .1
( 0) (.9.'n = 4.h)F 0 (.a.1 5.01F 0
*( 0/ Pete et 0/ 12)e of 0/ 12)e TH.228 ( 36) 1. fiF e n t (.6.[1 i $.41F .t it ( 2.2 1 9.7)E .t (.l.1 & 3)F o
( n) (.9.2 , 6.7)E n (.3.9 . 2)E O et n/ Pa)e et n/ 12)e et 0/ 12)e H.3 ( 12) 9.nte01 ( 1(3& 7)F 2 21 ( l.5 i .aiE 2 t 1.5 A 41F 2 ( n) ( 5.7 25.m1F 1 ( 7.5 . 26.2)E 1 et D/ m)e e( 0/ a)e et 0/ als e NON.ROUf f 6.F RFFFPM TO THE NHMHFR OF MFPARaTF MFaSHWEMFNT5 wdICH >FRF CRE A TER TwaN TEN (10) TIMES THE avFeaGF maCNGWnUND F0W THF PEWilln OF THF RFP0af to THE /RaCTTON OF sa> Pit shaLVMFS VfFLOING nFTErT'aHIE MEASueFMENTS (1.E. >35tGual TS IhDICATFD wf7Hth et le. c.
I IV. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM Three separate Quality Assurance progr aa were performed during 1981 to demonstrate the validity of laboratory analyees by the Yankee Environmental Laboratory (YEL). YEL participates in the EPA Interlaboratory Comparison (cross-check) program for those species and matrices routinely analyzed by the laboratory. This provides an independent check of accuracy and precision of the laboratory analysis. When the results of the cross-check analysis f all outside of the control limit, an investigation is made to determine the cause of the problem and corrective measures are taken. I YEL maintains an intralaboratory quality control program to assure the validity and reliability of the data. This program includes quality control of laboratory equipment, use of reference standards for calibration, determination of counting ef ficiencies and analysis of blank and spiked samples. The records of the quality control program are reviewed by the responsible cognizant individual, and corrective measures are taken whenever applicable. I A blind duplicate /repiteate program is maintained in which samples are prepared from split or homogeneous media and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The results from this blind duplicate program are used to check for precision in laboratory analyses. l I EPA Intralaboratory and Interlaboratory Results I The Quality Assurance program implemented at the analytical laboratory indicated good precision and accuracy in reported values. Table 1 shows the I results of accuracy and precision for laboratory analyses in 1981 for EPA samples, intralaboratory analyses and interlaboratory cross-check analyses. For accuracy, 37.1 and 61.7 percent of the results were within 5 and 10 percent of the known values, respectively, with 93.7 percent of all results falling within the laboratory criteria of 15 percent. For precision, 70.6 and 88.4 percent of the results were within 5 and 10 percent of the mean, I lI i 44.
l. _
I respectively, with 99.8 percent of all results meeting the laboratory criteria i of 15 percent. l I Blind Duplicate-Replicate Program l l A total of 76 paired samples were submitted for anlysis during 1981.
, data base used for the duplicate-replicate analysis consisted of pair easurements of 26 gamma emitting nuclides, tritium, Strontium-89, Strontium-90, low level I-131, gross beta and Radium-226. A dual level criteria for agreement was established if the paired measurements fall within U 115 percent of their average value, then agreement between the measurements has been met. If the value falls outside of the 115 percent, then a two sigma I range (95 percent confidence level) for duplicates and a three sigma range (99 percent confidence level) for replicates is established for each of the analyses. If the ranges overlap, agreement is obtained. Two thousand three hundred and twenty-six paired duplicate and replicate measurements were analyzed for 1981. A total of 98.8 percent of all measurements fell within the established criteria discussed above. Of the 1.2 percent of the measurements which fell outside of the criteria, most of these were made up of fallout and plant-related radionuclides contained in sediment samples. Table l
g 2 shows the results of some radionuclides measured in sediment samples during W 1981. This table indicates that only man-made radionuclides fell outside of I the criteria, and that the naturally occurring radionuclides K-40 and Th-228, which are normally evenly distributed in sediment, agree well. Since K-40 and l Th-228 show good agreement in sediment and other media and Co-60, Cs-134 and Cs-137 show good agreement in other media, the poor agreement in sediment can be attributed to non-uniform distribution of man-made radionuclides in these samples, rather than poor precision in laboratory analysis. I I I il l I 45.
.I TABLE 1 EPA)Intralaboratory and Interlaboratory Results Accuracy Precision I Total Number of Samples 0 to 5% 0 to 10% 0 to 15%*
Total Number of Samples 0 to 5% 0 to 10% 0 to 15% 472 175 291 443 405 286 358 404 (37.1%) (61.7%) (93.9%) (70.6%) (88.4%) (99.8%) 'I ,
This category also contains those samples having a verified zero concentration which were analyzed and found not to contain the isotope of interest.
,I 4 i iI I I I I I 46.
l. . - _ _ ._. ._ -. . . - - . ~ -. - - - . - - - - . - -- -
I TABLE 2 Agreement of Radionuclides in Sediment Samples Lab Sample Numbers G27851 G27852 G27853 G23430 G23916 G23915 G27850 h m G23917 G23784 G27868 G27869 G27870 G23914 G23931 G23932 Nuclides G27867 G23933 G23804 27 6.5% 27 20- 12% 20- 20-Ce-141 20 27 20- 20- 27 26 12% 20- 20-Ce-144 10% 27
* * *
11%
Cs-137
14%
2% 2%
20-

30-Cs-134

1.6% 20' 8% 20-

4%
I 6.2%
10%
Co-60 30- 10% 10% 15% 20- 6.8% 9% 2% 4% Th-228 30- 5.2% I 7% 8% 1.6% 1.9% 3% 1% 1% K-40 2.9% 1.5% 1% 3% II
Value outside 3 sigma level.
I I I I I 47. 1 I- - - - - - _ , _ _ _ _ _
I V. ATMOSPHERIC FALLOUT DURING 1981 I On October 17, 1980, the People's Republic of China detonated a nuclear device in the atmosphere at the Lop Nor test site in northwest China. The explosion was estimated by the Department of Energy to be in the 200 kilotons I to one megaton yield range. The clouds of radioactive debris began drif ting over the western part of the United States on October 19, 1980. During the beginning of November, 1980, increased airborne beta activity was detected at both indicator and control locations (Figure 7). The airborne beta activity continued to increase into 1981, and a gamma analysis of fourth quarter composite filters showed detectable concentrations of fission products which are associated with the October Chinese test (Figures 8
to 11). As expected, a significant increase in airborne gross beta activity was detected on air particulate filter samples submitted from all sampling locations during the first three quarters of 1981. The highest airborne gross beta activity occurred during the spring and summer months when the I intermixing of the stratosphere and troposphere causes additional radioactive debris from weapon testing to be introduced into the troposphere (Figure 12).
For the first three quarters of 1981, gamma analysis performed quarterly on i weekly composite air particulate filter samples showed detectable concentrations of fallout radionuclides related to the Chinese weapons test (Figures 13 to 18). l In addition to our required Technical Specification air sampling locations, an additional control air sampler was set up at our Environmental 3 Laboratory in Westborough, Massachusetts. Air particulate samples analyzed from this location showed similar levels of fission products as the filter samples submitted from the environs of Vermont Yankee (Figures 19 to 25). t 's I 48.
FIG. 7 VERT 10NT YRNdEE A.P. FILTERS GR-D
1. 50E-01 --
a l.20E-01 g I i I
~
I f l c: 9 0GE c : ' E l i O o [
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~ 0 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii! iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiu J64. FES. M6R. APR. M6Y JUNE JJLY RUG Sl p . GCT. N0/. DEf i 1990 j Z VRLUES INDICATE ACTIVITY NUMBERS OdYSIDE THE RANGE Of THE PLOT j STATION 10 :X STATION 11 : X STRTION 12 =Z STRfiON 13 : + STATION 14 :X i STATION 15 : o STATION 21 :D STRTION 22 =a STRTION 23 :+
FIG. 8 VERMONT YANEEE R.P. FILTERS CE-141 3 00E-03 -- 1 i : l 2 40E-03 -- I - i . a: 180E-03f d ! E : I$o m as 8 1.20E-03 2 s : o a. 2 f 1 :
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j 0. .........,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.........;.........,.........i.........,.........i.. RUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC. JRN. FEB. MRR. APR. MAY JUNE JUI.Y 1980 f' l Z '/RLUES INDICATE ACTIVITY NUMBERS OUTSIDE THE RANGE OF THE PLOT
= + STRTION 14 =X l STATION 10 = M STATION al =X STATION 12 = X STATION 13 j STRTION IS =o STATION 21 =8 8TRTION 22 = A STATION 23 =+
FIG. 9
VERMONT YANKEE R.P. FILTERS ZR-95 4 00E-03 --
b 1
~
] 3.20E 1 _ i ! l .- a: 2.40E-03 1 0 : ta - i 3-u - i ME b 8 1 60E . h - l u a. 8.00E-04 _ ,, ~ s
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. i..... oi.... . . i . .iiiii.... iiiiiii...;: . . .i. . ...:i.. . . ..;;. .....
l JRN. FE8. MRR. *RPR. MAY JUNE JULY RUG. SEP. OCT. NOV. DEC. 1980 Z VALUES INDICATE ACTIVITY NUMBERS OUTSIDE THE RANGE OF THE PLOT STATION 10 = X STATION 11 =X STATION 12 = Z STR1 ION 13 = + STfvTION 14 =X STATION IS =o STATION 21 =B STATION 22 = A STRTION 23 =+ 1 a
' l F_
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O O O I I N nU iJ S T T A R S v R E T T R E n' B S S o T . _ . . Y M X0 L nA U N = = I uM F. p Y 1 1 T P. n. I 1 2 R nR V
- .P I N N nR T O O p C I I o R TA AT
n. R E T T n
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n M M0 E E
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C I = = K T . D N - i. B N A I 0 5 Y .E 1 1
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S E N N T . N . U O O 0 O L I I 1 M nN R T T
. R oA J V A A T T G E n I V .=
Z S S F -
: : -- - : : : _::.5___:_5 I:
3 3 3 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 E E E E E 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 7 8 0 4 3 2 1 9 O mwwwE o~m8s~oa. vw* ll l lll :l1l l1 l,
l l FIG. 11 VERMONT YANKEE R.P. FILTERS RU-103 1 4.00E-03 _ l : l 3 20E-03 _
~
i b e w 2 40E - g . 2: :
v. b
[ umd ~ l '8 1 60E b : u - a_ _ i :
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0. .. . ...i ....o..iii. ... .i . . ....i DEC.
l iiii.... .. i .. .. iii APR. MRY JUNE JULY RUG. *SEP. OCT. NOV. JRN. FEB. MRR. 1980
Z VRLUES INDICATE RCTIVITY NUMBERS DUTSIDE THE RANGE OF THE PLOT
= + STRTION 14 =X STATION 10 = M STRTION 11 = X STATION 12 =Z STATION 13 STRTION IS =0 STATION 21 =tDSTRTION 22 =A STATION 23 =+
FIG. 12 VER.*0NT YANXfl CR-B RF FILTF.RC i 7 . 50 E - 600E-01i _ 1 l 4.50E-01 2 :' i e - I w -
1,, e-.

' - +w : I

r. _

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l $ 3.00E-01-~ , 1 o _
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4 , O. .... . .g. .. .. ; i.. . .iiii i'ii .l.. ....iiiii..iiiiiii.ii.iigi... ..iiii.iii. .ig . ......jiiiiii. iiii... .; J6N. FEB. MR . RPli . :1.'i Y JJNE JULY AUG. S! P . Of T . N D v' . GEC l 1981 2 VALUES IND1C4TE ACT1V1TY Nui1 BERG 00TGIDE THE RRNDI 0F THE PLOT STATION 10 X STATION 11 :X STATION 12 = 5 G T A T I O N 13 : FGTATION 15 X _ _J
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1 VI. ANALYSIS OP.ENVIRONMENIAL MEDIA The analysis of environmental data may be divided into three sections: airborne radioactivity, waterborne radioactivity, and direct exposure measurements. A discussion of each environmental media within these sections I will follow:
1. Airborne Pathway

a. Air Particulate and Gaseous Radioiodine Air monitoring stations are established at a total of nine locations.
Airborne particulates were collected by passing air through a fiberglass filter; these filters were collected weekly and analyzed 3 for gross beta activity. Ueekly composite filters from each location were analyzed quarterly for gamma emitting nuclides. Figure 12 shows that there lignificant increase in airborne gross beta activity at indu. .or and control locations during the first th,ree quarters of 1981. This activity was a factor of 3 to 10 times greater than the gross beta activity measure in air particulate I filter for the same period in 1980. The second quarter of 1981 shows higher gross beta activity which is due to the spring and summertime t I intermixing of the stratosphere and troposphere which caused additional radioactive debris in the stratosphere from weapons testing to be introduced into the troposphere. Gamma analysis performed quarterly on weekly composite filters showed detectable concentrations of fission products in indicator and control station samples during the first three quarters of 1981 (Figures 13 to 18). An additional control alr sampling location was set up at our Environmental Laboratory in Westborough, Massachusetts. Air particulate samples analyzed from this location showed detectable levels of fission I\ products with activity concentrations which were not significantly dif ferent from the concentrations measured in the sampling locations around Vermont Yankee. 1 I I 61.
L s i During 1981, increased airborne gross beta and fission product activity detected in indicator and control air particulate samples was due to fallout from weapons testing (see Section V).
b. Radioiodina Charcoal filters from nine air sampling locations were collected and analyzed weekly for I-131 activity. During 1981, all I-131 activity in charcoal filter samples was below minimum detectable concentrations.
l c. Hilk
/
Milk samples were collected from three indicator and one control location and analyzed monthly for gamma emitters and quarterly for Sr-89 and Sr-90 activity. As usual, Cs-137 and Sr-90 activities were detected in samples submitted from indicator and control locations. The ERMAP milk table shows that the average concentration of Cw-137 and Sr-90 was higher in control station milk, indicating that Cs-137 and Sr-90 levels in milk were due to residual activity from I atmospheric nuclear weapons testing.
d. Mixed Vegetation Vegetation samples were collected and analyzed in May, July and October from nine sampling locations. These vegetation samples consisted of mixed grass and were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides. Radionuclides observed in mixed vegetation samples at levels above minimum detectable concentrations were the naturully I occurring radionuclidees K-40 and Th-228, cosmic produced Be-7 and fallout-related radionuclides Mn-54, Zr-95, Nb-95, Ru-103, Cs-137, Ce-141 and Ce-144. The fallout-related radionuclides were detected at indicator and control locations at similar activity levels. These radionuclides are related to the fallout discussed in Section V.
I f 62.
e. Food Products
, Food products were collected from four sampling locaticas and analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides. Potassium 40, a naturally occurring radionuclide, was the only gamma emitter with concentrations above minimum detectable concentrations.
f. Soil l
During the third quarter of 1981, gamma in situ Ge(Li) spectrometry analysis was performed at 14 soil locations around Vermont Yankee (Table 3). This technique eliminates two problems which are present in normal soil core sampling analysis: (1) the non-representative nature of a single core sample from a given location and (2) I relatively long counting time due to small volume of soil. The analytical methodology use for the in situ analysis was based on HASL258 (Reference 1). Over 95 percent of the exposure rate measured at nearly all fourteen locations was attributed to naturally occurring radionuclides (Table 4). Cs-137, Zr-95 and Nb-95, which are man-made radionuclides, were I detected at indicator and control locations and can be attributed to fallout from atmospheric weapons testing. Co-60, another man-made radionuclide, was detected in the restricted area on the plant site. This area is adjacent to the turbine building and the Co-60 activity was verified by collection and analysis of a cored soil sample. Using E- the results from the in situ survey, the Co-60 contribution to a whole i body dose for the maximum exposed worker standing on this soil is ! approximately 0.8 mrem per year, which is 9 percent of the dose i received from naturally occurring radionuclides contained in this soil. l No plant-related radionuclides were detected in off-site soil l5 locations. i I I ! 63.
I TABLE 3 Location of Soil Sampling Stations Distance from the Station Code and Designated Name Plant (Km) Direction TS-10 Hinsdale, N.H. 1.1 ENE TS-11 North Hinsdale, N.H. 4.0 NNW 3.1 I TS-12 Hinsdale Substation, N.H. E TS-13 Station #3.3, V.T. 1.8 SSE TS-14 Central Park Station, V.T. 2.5 SSW TS-15 Guilford Road, V.T. 3.2 WNW TS-16 Plant Well 0 - TS-17 Vernon Nursing Well, V.T. 2.0 SSE TS-18 v.T. #32 Well, V.T. 1.8 SE I TS-21 TS-22 TS-23 Hogback Mt., V.T. Spofford Lake, N.H. Northfield, Mass. 25.0 16.1 11.3 WNW NNE SSE 12.8 I TS-24 Route 9 Bridge upriver TS-25 Brattleboro Well, V.T. 12.1 NNW !I lI .I I I I l I 'I ! 64.
I TABLE 4 Average Soil Exposure Rates (microrem/ hour) Indicator Locations Control Locations I Nuclide Mean +1 Sigma Range Mean +1 Sigma Range 1.0 to 1.6 U-238 1.4 1 0.4 1.1 to 2.4 1.4 1 0.2 Th-232 2 0 1 0.4 1.6 to 3.0 1.8 1 0.5 1.3 to 2.7 K-40 2.0 1 0.3 1.6 to 2.4 2.0 1 0.5 1.6 to 2.8 Nb-95 0.05 1 0.01 0.04 to 0.08 0.06 1 0.02 0.03 to 0.09 Cs-137 0.1 to 0.6 0.3 1 0.2 0.1 to 0.6 0.3 1 0.2 Zr-95 0.1* - -- -- I co-60 0.4* -- -- --
Detected at only one location.
(I I !I l
I I
I I I I 65.
I
2. Waterborne Pathway

a. Fish l
i Fish samples were collected in June and November from two indicator and one control location. Edible portions of the samples were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides. Cs-137 and naturally occurring K-40 were the only radionuclides observed with levels greater than minimum detectable concentrations. Comparisons of indicator Cs-137 concentrations to control samples show that the control had a higher average concentration, and this activity can be attributed to weapons g testing. .E
b. Aquatic Vegetation Aquatic vegetation samples were collected from two locations and
, analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides. Naturally occurring K-40, cosmic produced Be-7 and fallout-related Nb-95 and Zr-95 were the only radionuclides observed with levels above minimum detectable concentrations. There were no plant-related radionuclides detected in aquatic vegetation samples during 1981.
. c. Sediment !I Sediment samples were collected in June and October from one control and two indicator stations and were analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides. Naturally occurring K-40 and Th-228 plus man-made Nb-95 and Cs-137 were the only radionuclides detected above minimum detectable concentrations. The Nb-95 and Cs-137 were detected at indicator and
; control locations and are related to fallout from weapons testing.
. d. River Water River water was collected from three locations and analyzed monthly for gross beta and gamma emitting nuclides. The monthly samples were composited and analyzed for H-3 on a quarterly basis. Only gross beta concentrations were above detectable levels. A comparison of the is 67.
l I average gross beta activity in indicator and control samples showed I that these activities were approximately equal.
e. Ground Water Ground water samples were collected and analyzed quarterly for gross beta, tritium and gamma emitting nuclides. The only detectable concentration in ground water sacples was gross beta and Nb-95. Gross beta activity was detected in indicator and control locations and the concentrations are typical of concentrations made over the past few I years. Nb-95 was detected in a May water sample submitted from station 13. This activity was low and can be attributed to atmospheric fallout discussed in Section V. As in previous years, no plant-related radionuclides were detected in ground water samples.

3. Direct Radiation I Direct gamma radiation is measured with Ca F2: Mn thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's). The TLD's are collected monthly from 21 locations on and off the Vermont Yankee site. Table 6 shows the yearly average exposures in R per hour and this table shows that off-site Zone I locations exhibited gamma radiation which ranged f rom 7.1 to 14.6 p R per hour which compares to the 6.9 to 12.7 pR per hour at control locations.
The slightly higher average exposure rate at indicator locations, when compared to the average exposure at control locations, is due to variations in natural background radiation, and the average exposure rate i are not statistically different at the 95 percent confidence level. I I I I I I 68. I
I TABLE 6 Vermont Yankee Off-Site Environmental Radiological Monitoring Summary of TLD Analysis for the Period 1/01/81 - 12/31/81 pR per hour Indicator Control Analysis Stations Stations I Performed (Total Number) (Mean il Sigma) (Range) (Mean i Sigma) (Range) 252 (10.1 1 0.5) (9.5 1 0.3) (7.1 - 14.6) (6.9 - 12.7) I I iI i I I I I I I !I I I 69. l . - - - _ . .-. _ - - _ . . . -____-_ . - __ , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ._____.,_____ __ ___ ____- . _ _
VII. ENVIRONMENIAL DOSIMETRY Tha mean concentration of radionuclides having activity concentrations greater than minimum detectable concentrations in indicator and control station samples of air particulate filters, charcoal filters, drinking water, seafood, milk, and food crops were used to calculate total body doses to adults. The average individuals usage factors were taken from USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.109 (October 1977). These usage factors are: 8000 M per year of inhaled air 370 liters per year of drinking water 7.9 Kg per year of seafood I 110 liters per year of milk 190 Kg per year of food products
,I The product of the mean radionuclide concentration greater than HDC and the usage factor yields the yearly radionuclide intake. The dose is calculated by using the dose conversion factors contained in USNRC Regulatory In addition, external whole body doses were 4
I Guide 1.109 (Reference 2). measured with TLD'a placed in indicator and control stations. Table 7 summarizes the environmental doses from the mean radionuclide concentrations greater than MDC values in indicator and control station samples. The doses calculated from inhalation, injestion of aquatic food, water and milk were due to concentrations of radioactive debris related to atmospheric nuclear tests. TLD measurements at indicator and control locations were not statistically different, indicating that the dose is from natural background and fallout radiation in Vermont. 'I I I I 70. l . . . ._ _ _ . ,
il 'a TABLE 7 .g Summary of Environmental Radiation Doses (mrem /yr) ,= Source Zone I Zone II 4.9E-3 5.0E-3 Inhalation i Aquatic food 2.6E-2 3.5E-2 ' 1 Food Crops *
l Milk 0.5 0.8 i
1.5E-6
i Water
! TLD 76.9 72.3 I 77.4 73.2 i
g . .o _ ..tr. u o.. Er.. .r tsa. soc.
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I I
I I i 71.
i t'
VIII. CONCLUSION i
, During 1981, our Radiolc.gical Environmental Monitoring Program conducted in the environs of Vermont Yankee showed, in general, that the major constituents of the radionuclides measured in environmental media were naturally occurring and fallout products from atmospheric nuclear tests.
i There was no detectable increase in environmental radioactivity due to the I operation of Vermont Yankee. l The levels of radioactive materials in the environment indicate that public intake was less than one percent of those recommended in Appendix B, Table 11, Part 20 of the Code of Federal Regulations. .l i il (I I 'I !I l l I 72. l . . - . _ - . . , - . -. . . _ - . . . _ _ __ - . .- .
~ _ _ _ . . . _ _
I IX. REFERENCES l
1. HASL-258, "In Situ (Ge(Li)) and Na(TL) Gamma Ray Spectrometry",

I September 1972.

2. USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.109, " Calculation on Annual Doses to Man from Routine Releases of Reactor Effluents for the Purpose of Evaluating Compliance with 10CFR50 Appendix I", 1977.
!I !I i I I I I I I t 73. l .- - . - __ _ _ _ _ "-"'**='~w- , ___ ,,_,_}}

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SUMMARY

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