ML20236F902

Marine Ecology Studies Re Operation of Pilgrim Station, Semiannual Report 30,Jan-June 1987

ML20236F902
Person / Time
Site:	Pilgrim
Issue date:	06/30/1987
From:	Richard Anderson, Bird R BOSTON EDISON CO.
To:	ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, MASSACHUSETTS, COMMONWEALTH OF
References
BECO-87-067, BECO-87-068, BECO-87-67, BECO-87-68, NUDOCS 8711020334
Download: ML20236F902 (163)

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MARINEEC0LOGYSTUDIES RELATEDTOOPERATIONOFPILGRIM$TATION SEMI-ANNUALREPORTN0.30 REPORTPERIOD: JANUARY 1987THROUGHJUNE1987 DATEOFISSUE: OCTOBER 31,1987 l'

) Compiled and Reviewed by: dod - -

Senior Marine Fisheries Biologist l

l

)

I-ton d on op 25 Braintree Hill Office Park I Braintree, Massachusetts 02184

. TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I Summary II. Introduction III Marine Biota Studies l

IIIA Marine Fisheries Monitoring Semi-Annual Report on Monitoring to Assess Impact of Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station on Marine Fisheries Resources of Western Cape Cod Bay, Project. Report No. 43 (January - June 1987) (Mass. Dept.

of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement; Division of Marine Fisheries)

IIIB Benthic Monitoring Benthic Algal and Faunal Monitoring at the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station, January 1987 - June 1987 (Battelle New England Marine Research Lab)

IIIC Entralnment Monitoring f Ichthyoplankton Entrainment Monitoring at Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station, January - June 1987 (Marine Research, Inc.)

IIID Impingement Monitoring Impingement of Organisms at Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station: January

, - June 1987. (Boston Edison Company)

IV Minutes of Meeting 67 of the Administrative-Technical Committee, Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station 1

i il

SUMMARY

Highlights of the environmental surveillance and monitoring program results obtained over this reporting period (January - June 1987) are presented be-low (Note: PNPS was in an outage from January - June 1987 with virtually no l

thermal discharge present during this time frame, representing a control situation for data collection. For most of the period (March - June) no circulating seawater pumps were operating).

Marine Fisheries Monitoring:

l

1. Pelagic fish mean catch from January - June 1987 at the gill net sta-tion (365.2 fishes / set) increased 273% from .1986 when 97.8 fishes /

1 set were taken. Northern searobin (49.1%), Atlantic herring (25.1%)

and pollock (10.2%) made up 84% of the total catch. Northern l

l searobin accounted greatly for the increase in overall pelagic fish catch as their catch rate was significantly greater than in 1986.

Striped bass and bluefish, which accounted for less than 1% of the catch, were sampled in much lower numbers than during operational years, possibly due to a lack of an attracting thermal effluent.

2. Shrimp trawl catch from January - June 1987 recorded twenty benthic fish species with little skate (30.9%), winter flounder (30.4%),

windowpane (17.5%), northern searobin (10.5%) and yellowtail flounder I

I-l

(

1 l

l

.,1

(4.2%) composing 93% of the total. Mean catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) for all species was lowest at the Warren Cove Station (32.3) and 36.7 for. all stations pooled in 1987 (8.5 fishes / tow more than in 1986).

CPUE from January - June 1987 for commercially important winter flounder was highest at the Intake Station. The . smallest winter flounder recorded were sampled in the intake embayment.

3. Adult lobster mean monthly catch rate per pot haul in May - June 1987 was 0.29 lobsters (0.62 in 1986). This is comparable to the spring 1985 catch rate when Pilgrim Station was in full operation. The surveillance area (thermal plume) catch rate was 0.33 while the reference area (control) was 0.19; the same trend as 1986 (outage) but opposite 1985 when there was a thermal discharge.

4. In May - June 1987 fish observational dive surveys five species were observed in the discharge area. Cunner (55.2%) and pollock (40.4%)

were the most numerous species seen. No fish showed abnormal be-havior and no gas bubble disease symptoms were observed on routine observational dives. Most species were in greatest concentrations in the path of the PNPS discharge, being observed in most abundance at station 0. 1 Blue mussel proliferation and algal growth in the discharge canal, and outside of it, were dense because of the PNPS outage which commenced in early April 1986.

l l

l I-2

5. Sand lance spp. accounted .for 88.9% of the June 1987 haul seine (shore zone) fish catch, with Atlantic tomcod second in abundance (5.5%) and a total of twelve species collected. Diversity was greatest at Long Point. CPUE was highest in the PNPS intake embayment where sand lance spp. were dominant. A smaller seine net

~'

(6.lm compared to 45.7m) was used to sample alternate weeks at high tide.

Y

6. The April - June 1987 shorefront sportfish survey at Pilgrim Station provided incomplete data because of no access to the intake fishing [

jetty do to footbridge damage. The PNPS outage, which resulted in no thermal discharge to attract sportfish species, reflected low catches

~ ~-

of only four species with winter flounder and cunner dominating.

7. The research lobster study commenced in June 1987 and recorded 0.12 adult lobsters (0.14 in 1986) per pot as a catch rate in 248 pot-hauls. The catch rate for adult lobsters was similar in surveillance and reference areas.

Impingement Monitoring:

l 1. The mean January - June 1987 impingement collection rate was 0.21 fish /hr. The rate ranged from 0.00 fish /hr (April) to 1.20 fish /hr (March) with rainbow smelt comprising 37.9% of the catch, followed by

Atlantic silverside 20.7%, and grubby 13.8%.

I

(- I-3

2. - In March (1987,1when the fish impingement rate wascl.20, Atlantic her-

-ring accounted for ,83.3% of. the fishes . collected. -_ F i s h impingement

-rate was 2X- times lower than in ,1986, possibly because Pilgrim-g.

Station had much lower r circulating water pump capacity during the 1987 period.

3. The mean January - June 1987 ; invertebrate collection rate was 5.59/hr, with the' blue mussel accounting for 79.5% and sand shrimp 5.5% of the catch. No American lobsters were caught.

1

4. Initial impinged fish survival at the end of the Pilgrim Station in-take slutceway was 35.3% for static washes and 41.7% for continuous I

washes. j Benthic Monitorina:  !

l l

1. Three new species of fauna were added to the list of sampled biota as '

a result of analysis of the March 1987 samples.

2. Species richness between the PNPS discharge and the Manomet Point stations was significantly different in March 1987, with the latter station ranking first.

3. Greatest faunal densities in March 1987 occurred at Manomet Point.

Faunal densities were higher at the Effluent than at Rocky Point. A significant difference was found between Manomet Point, and both f

I-4

)

1 l Rocky' Point and the Effluent. Changes in rank were not found among stations for density without mussels (Mytilus edulis).

4. There was no significant difference between pairs of stations statis-tically tested for dominance patterns, with 11 of the 15 dominant species at each station being shared. Species diversity was lowest at the Effluent Station and highest at Rocky Point.

5. No additional algal species were encountered in the study area during March 1987. Algal species occurrence homogeneity was high (>60%)

among all three stations, but community overlap showed that the ,

Effluent station differed from the reference stations.

l

6. Total algal biomass was significantly lower at Rocky Point than at the Manomet Point and Effluent stations. Mean Chondrus biomass values were not significantly different among stations, and Phyllophora spp. biomass was significantly higher at Manomet Point l

! than at Rocky Point station.

1

7. March and June 1987 mappings of the near-shore acute impact zones were performed. A decrease in the total near-field impact zone of i 46% is evident when comparing March and June 1987 results probably 1

( because of the continuing PNPS outage during this period and, more specifically, the lack of virtually any circulating seawater pumps operating from March - June 1987.

I I-5

{

Entrainment Monitoring:

1. A total of 27 species of fish eggs and/or larvae were found in the

January - June 1987 entrainment collections.

2. Egg collections for January - April 1987 (winter-early spring spawning) were dominated by Atlantic cod and winter flounder. May and June (late spring -

summer spawning) egg samples were most representative of Atlantic mackerel, labrids and fourbeard rockling.

3. Larval collections for January - April 1987 were dominated by rock gunnel and sculpin. For May and June larvae seasnail, winter flounder, menhaden, tautog and fourbeard rockling dominated.

4. No lobster larvae were collected in the entrainment samples for January - June 1987.

5. In no cases did high densities require contingency sampling to be initiated.

I-6

4 INTRODUCTION A. Scope and Objective This is the thirtieth semi-annual report on the status and results of the Environmental Surveillance and Monitoring Program related to the operation of Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station (PNPS). The monitoring programs discussed in this ' report relate specifically to the Western Cape Cod Bay ecosystem with particular emphasis on the Rocky Point area. This is the eigteenth semi-annual report in accordance with the environmental monitoring and reporting requirements of the PNPS Unit 1 NPDES Permit from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (#MA0003557) and Massachusetts Division of Water Pollution Control (#359). A multi-year (1969-1977) re-port incorporating marine fisheries, benthic, plankton /entrainment and impingement studies was submitted to the NRC in July 1978 as required by the PNPS Appendix B, Tech. Specs. Programs in these areas have been con-tinued under the PNPS NPDES permit. Amendment #67 (1983) to the PNPS Tech. Specs. deleted Appendix B non-radiological water quality require-ments as the NRC felt they are covered in the NPDES Permit.

The objectives of the Environmental Surveillance and Monitoring Program are to determine whether the operation of PNPS results in measurable ef-fects on the marine ecology and to evaluate the significance of any ob-served effects. If an effect of significance is detected, Boston Edison Company has committed to take steps to correct or mitigate any adverse situation. .

II-l

I These studies are guided by an Administrative-Technical Committee which was chaired by a member of the Mass. Division of Water Pollution Control in 1987 and whose membership includes representatives from the University of Massachusetts, the Mass. Olvision of Water Pollution Control, the Mass. .

1 Division of Marine Fisheries, the National Marine Fisheries Service 1 (NOAA), the U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, the U.S Environ-mental Protection Agency and Boston Edison Company. Copies of the Minutes .

1 of the Pilgrim Station Administrative-Technical Committee meetings held during this reporting period are included in Section IV.

B. Marine Biota Studies 1

1. Marine Fisheries Monitorinq A modified version of the marine fisheries monitoring, initiated in 1981, is being conducted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Division of Marine Fisheries (DMF).

l The occurrence and distribution of fish around Pilgrim Station and at 1

sites outside the area of temperature increase are being monitored. I Pelagic species were sampled using gill net (1 station) collections (Figure 1) made at monthly intervals. In 1981, shrimp trawling and haul seining were initiated which provide more PNPS impact-related sampling of benthic fish and shore zone fish, respectively. Shrimp trawling was done twice/ month at 4 stations (Figure 2) and haul seining weekly during June - November at 5 stations (Figure 1).

II-2 l

Monitoring is conducted of local lobster stock catch statistics for areas in the proximity of Pilgrim Station (Figure 4). Catch statis-tics are collected approximately biweekly throughout the fishing season (April-October).

A finfish observational dive program was initiated in June 1978.

SCUBA gear is utilized on biweekly dives from May-October (weekly mid-August to mid-September) at 6 stations (Figure 2) in the PNPS thermal plume area.

In 1987, an experimental, lobster pot trawl monitoring effort was l initiated to eliminate any biases associated with the collection of lobster stock catch statistics for determining PNPS effects. Ten 5-pot - lobster trawls were fished in the thermal plume and control areas around PNPS (Figure 3).

Results of the marine fisheries monitoring during the reporting period are presented in Section IIIA, i

2. Benthic Monitoring The benthic monitioring described in this report was conducted by Battelle New England Marine Labs, Duxbury, Massachusetts.

II-3 1

1 I

The benthic flora and fauna were sampled at three locations at depths of 10 feet (MLW) (Figure 1). Quantitative Crock substratum) samples were collected, and the. dominant flora and fauna in each plot were a recorded. Sampling was conducted two times per year (March and-September) to determine blotic changes, if any. Transect sampling a off the discharge canal to determine the extent of the denuded and stunted zones is conducted four times a year (March, June, September and December). Results of the benthic surveys reported during this l

period are discussed in Section IIIB.

l l

l 3. Plankton Monitoring Since August 1973, Marine Research, Inc. (MRI) of Falmouth, Massachu-setts, has been studying and monitoring entrainment in Pilgrim Sta-tion cooling water of fish eggs and larvae, and lobster larvae (from 1973-1975 phytoplankton and zooplankton were also studied). Figure 5 . ..

shows the entrainment contingency sampling station locations. Infor-mation generated through these studies has been utilized to make periodic modifications in the sampling program to more efficiently address the question of the effect of entrainment. These modifica-tions have been developed by the contractor, and reviewed and ap-i proved by the Pilgrim A-T Committee on the basis of the program re-l suits. Plankton monitoring in 1987 emphasized consideration of ichthyoplankton entrainment. Results of the ichthyoplankton entrain-ment monitoring for this reporting period are discussed in Section IIIC.

II-4 s

y "4. Impingement Monitoring-l l

The Pilgrim 1 impingement monitoring program speciates and quantifies b the organisms carried onto the' four intake traveling screens. -Since L -January 11979, Marine Research, Inc .

has been conducting impingement sampling with results being reported on by Boston Edison Company.

L A new screen wash sluiceway. system was installed at ' Pilgrim I in 1979 1

at a total' cost of approximately $150,000. This new sluiceway system was required by the U.S. -Environmental Protection Agency and the Mass. Division of Water Pollution Control as a part of NPDES Permit

1. MA0003557. Special fish survival studies conducted from 1980-1983 i to determine its effectiveness in protecting marine life were -termin-ated in 1984, and a final report on them ' appears in Marine Ecology l

Semi-Annual Report #23.

Results of impingement monitoring and survival program for this re- ,

porting period are ' discussed in Section IIID. -{

C. Fish Surveillance Studies l

March - November, weekly fish spotting overflights were conducted as part of a continuing effort to monitor the times when large concentrations of fish might be expected in the Pilgrim vicinity. Regularly from May-October since 1978, biweekly dive inspections have been conducted of the Pilgrim discharge canal in order to evaluate fish barrier net g

durability, and effectiveness in excluding fishes from the discharge canal.

II-5

Annual summary reports for these efforts for 1987 will be presented in Semi-Annual Report No. 31.

O. Station Operation History The daily average, reactor thermal power levels from January through June 1987 are shown in Figure 6. As can be seen, PNPS was in an outage during this reporting period.

E. 1987 Environmental Programs A planning schedule bar chart for 1987 environmental monitoring programs related to. the operation of Pilgrim Station, showing task activities and milestones from December 1986 - June 1988, is included as Figure 7.

II-6

Gurnet Pt.

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la SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT ON MONITORING TO ASSESS IMPACT OF PILGRIM NUCLEAR POWER STA TION -

ON MARINE FISHERIES RESOURCES OF WESTERN CAPE COD BAY Project Report No. 43 (January-June, 1987)

By Robert P. Lawton, Brian C. Kelly, Vincent J. Malkoski, Mando Borgatti, and Steven Correia August 30, 1987 Massachusetts Department of Fisheries, -

Wildlife, and Environmental Law Enforcement Division of Marine Fisheries 100 Cambridge Street Boston, Massachusetts 02202 1

um.4Jm-- ______-.__m.____________________._______________m_ _ _

TABLE OF CONTENTS s

Section Pace _ j- ,

l

,1; , ,

Executive Summary r $' "'

'l '#

I.

/

./

'g e'

i II. Introduction '"

4 ,'.. . *-i Results III. 4 ';  : ,'

J

1. Commercial Lobster Pot-Catch Fishery 4 '1.

2. Controlled Research Lobster Fishing 6

3. Nearshore Benthic Fin fish j 11

4. Pelagic and Benthi-Pelagic Fishes 15

.{,

i

5. Shorezone Fishes 17 1

j

6. Underwater Finfish Observations 20 e

'*[

7. Sportfishing 23 IV. Acknowledgements  ! 25 V. Literature Cited 26 4

ii

, ,e 4/-  %

'(-

'T LIST OF TABLES

[Ta b 1 ci , -

f Pacie

.p

- l '. Expanded n' umbers' and percent composi tion of 12

.finfish captured by nearshore trawling in the

. vicinity of Pilgrim Station, January-June, 1987

2. Expanded' trawl catch data (total length.and 1 fea tch -per-uni t-ef f ort ) .for dominant demersal Q 4,.'yommunity ^'

';% filgrim S tation finfish occurrinq'in the vicinity of

, Jan'uary-June, 1987.

..u

[ 3. Gill-net catch data (7 panels of 3.8-15.2 cm mesh) from.the vicinity of Pilgrim Station, 16

[*'l'g 1 January-June, 1987..

..; .y 1.

@ 4. Shore-zone. fishes captured by haul seining at 19

?i'

't- sampling stations in the environs of Pilgrim Station for. June, 1987.

Oi ^ ll i f S .~ Abundance and station 1ccations associated with 21

,, >; the occurrence of-all species observed during

. ' underwater observations'at PNPS from May-June, 1987.

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LIST-OF FIGURES

Flaure~

. Page

1. Distribution of-lobster. pots sampled 5

.May-June, 1987 off Pilgrim Nuclear

. Power. Station.

.2. Location of experimental lobster gear B.

.(S-pot trawls) for Marine Fisheries Studies.

3. Location of beach seine-and gill net 18 sampling stations for. Marine Fisheries Studies,'and Benthic. Studies. sampling stations.

l

). 1 1

l L

l l

IV

I. EXECllTIVE

SUMMARY

l Commerttal L.obs ter Po t-Ca tc h Fishery From May-June (spring) of 1987, we sampled the trap catch of one commercial lobsterman who fished in the vicinity of Pilqrim Nuclear Power Station. Sample size included a total of 439 pots hauled and 376-lobster captured. The percent of legal-sized (CL ._ )

Olmm) lobster in the total catch was 34%. Legal catch rate for the overall inshore area averaged 0.29 legals per pot-haul, which is half that of last year's npring rate. The legal c a tc h rate in the surveillance (discharge) area also declined from the previous r

year, though to a lesser degree.

Controlled Research t.obster F i r, h i ng. 4 An experimental lobster pot gear study, designed to examine the relationship between riower pl an t opera t ion and lobster catch, wan recommenced in June 1987. Ten permanen t l y located stations .

were e,ampled using pot trawls, and fishing effort was 1

standardized. We completed five sampling trips in June, with data nblained from 248 pot-hauls. A total of 377 lobster was captured in the <,tudy of which 0% were of legal size. Iegal c a tc h rate l 1

averaged 0.12 lobster per pot-haul overall and 0.11 for the -!

l

)

ditschar ge area.

i Nearshore Benthic Finfinh

! A bottom trawl survey of groundfish in the Ptigrim area was conducted January-June, 1987. A total of 1470 finftsh representing 20 species was collected durinq 40 trawl town.

Overall catch per unit effort for all stations and species pooled 1.

)

i l

}

l was 36.7 fish / tow, as comparr~1 to last year's mean of 28.2 f.i s h / t o w . Numerically dominant species in the catch were little skate, winter flounder and windowpane. Spatially, little skate

.were most abundant.off White Horse Beach, winter flounder in the intake embayment, and windowpane in the Discharge area.

Pelaqic and Denthi-Pelagic Fishes Five overnight gill-net sets yielded 1,781 fish, comprising 78 c.pecies. Overall catch per unit effort for all species combined.was 356.2 fish per set, a marked increase over the rate calculated for the first half of 1986 (97.8 fish per set).

Northern sea robin was the the most a buntlan t species, comprising almost 59 */. of the total ca tc h. Atlantic herring and pollock were second and third in a bun tlan c e , respectively. Few str iped bav. anti bluefish were netted in the absence of a thermal discharge cur ren t .

I Shorezone Fishes Twelve species of finfish, totaling 2186 individuals, were Capturtad in 16 standard haul-seine sets in June. Sand lance, Allantic tomcod, and Atlantic herring comprised over '?8% of t.he total catch. Diversity (number of species sampled) was highest at .

l.ung Point. Catch per set (relative a bunrf anc e ) was highest in the (

Pilgrim intake embayment. Both of these sampling sites are '

I sheltered shorelines.

Underwater F in fish Olrierva t ions Diweekly observational dives were performed in May and June, 1

1987 at six stations in and around the Pilgrim Station discharge i 2.

n canal. Five species af finfish - cunner, pollock, rock gunne1, F

' tau tog , and win ter flounder - were sighted. Cunner and pollock

! 4 together compri< sed near1y 96% af the tata1 observed. In the I cnntinued absence of a thermal effluent.(the current outage began in April, 1986), algae, including Irish mass, and blue mussels have flourished in the discharge canal.

Sportfishinq

)

i Sportfish catches at Pilgrim Shorefront recreational area wer e repnrted1y down again ihis spring (Apri1-June). As in 1986, i there was an' absence of the thermal dincharge at Pilgrim fi t a t ion which resulted in reduced catches in the discharge area.

Furthermore, fishing access was limited thls upring because in f Apri1 and mast af.May the fonibridge that spann the discharge canal was closed for r e pa i r <s . Anglers were 1imited to fishing primarily from one of the discharge jetties. Overall, fishing efforL and resulting catches were very low. Only four fin fish i i species were recorded in the recreational catch; winter flounder )

and cunner led the catch totals.

l 1

)

3.

1I. !_NTROpyCrION Monitoring by the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries in ongoing to assess environmen tal change induced by the operation of Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station. Ecological studies of fisheries resources in the surrounding waters of Western Cape Cod Bay for 1987 are funded by Boston Edison Company under Purchase Order No. 63644 Sampling data collected from reference and surveillance stations during January-June, 1987, are summarized and discussed in relation to past findings. It is noted, however, that the plant has not operated since early March of 1906, negating waste heat removal; current flow has been greatly reduced as one or both circulating sea water pumps have been off. Measurements, counts, percentages, and indices of j abundance are used in this progress report to identify trends and/or relationships in the data both spatia 11y and tempora 11y.

III. RESULTS 1

1. GOMMERC1AL LOBSTER POT CATCH FISHERY For many years, we have been monitoring the c a tc h of two cooperating commercial lobstermen who fish gear in the Pilgrim ar ea. This year (1907) we terminated sampling the trap-catch of one of these fishermen, as he has progress.1ve1y moved hts gear offshore and is now predominantly fishing out of the immediate ,

l vicinity of the power plant. Data collection commenced in May and continued through June, with a total of 439 pots containing 376 lobster sampled. Figure i depicts the distribution of pots sampled by quadrat.

4.

I i i

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$ N.

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/ dd \'

Pt M UTH BAY. 14 'Yo 10 21' 8- O

\ 31 13 loa 4M

.' '508 22 '12 20 ,,,,,g,,1 ,..**

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1 1

\

!' - (Numbers represent total number of pots hauled per quadrat.)

1 j Figure 1. Distribution of lobster pots sampled May-June, 1987 off )

/. Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station.

{

5

e 1The sampled catch: included 129 legal _'(181mm carapace length).

lobster' for a seasonal mean catch rate of.O.29 legals' per- . pot-haul,.'which.is.about' half last year's spring rate of 0.62.

This reduced ca tc h - index may be.the. result!of now analyzing data from

only one'lobsterman. However,'on a coastwide basis, Massachusetts

-lobster landings;are.well below-those from'the same time period' in 1906 for. most . regions, ' including Cape Cod Bay, which experienced .a 52% decline in marketable lobster- landings. This statewide phenomenon .may be a result of fewer lobster molting

-in to i l ega l' si.ze - from the 1986. fall molt and/or a delayed summer mol tiin 1987 because of an unusually. cool spring (Bruce Estrella, persona l commun ica tion ) 1 The mean spring legal catch rate for reference'quadrats '( E - z

13 & 14, F-13) of 0.19 (6 legals /31 hauls) is down from the 1986 rate of;O.34'for the same period. A legal catch rate of 0.33 (50 legain/152 po t- h'au l s ) for the surveillance quadrats (H-11 & 12, I-11 & 12) also declined from last year's value of 0.42. These index declines parallel the overall one for the Cape Cod- Bay region.

2. CONTROLLED RESEARCH LODSTER FISHING In' -June 1987, we began the second year of our experimental

. lobster pot gear study, which is designed to clarify the

}

relationship (interaction) between Pilgrim Power Station thermal ]

output (operational status) and lobster catch in the discharge I g, - Estrella, Senior Marine Fisheries Biologist, Coastal Lobster Investigations, Massachusetts Division of Marine {

Fisheries, Sandwich, MA. (

6.

t t

$e

= area. We~;are conducting research fishing in the surveil 1ance'and two' reference-(control) locations in the environs of' the : power station using'a. uniform experimental technique to reduce.sampiing

- vii r i a bi l .i ty . Control sites are used to estimate density changes

,rusulting. from normal. environmental' actions. Two' reference

. areas,.-measuring natural-variability,'have been sampled. to be

.certain that the- direc tion o f change'in a population parameter is the same in both una f f ec ted locations. Population

. characteristics .can vary within a designated study area, .and

measurements at a single site may not accurately describe' the

entire area..

Ten. stations are presen tl y being sampled in the study area: a l

I

f. 'four (E-H)'at the surveillance'(discharge) location (quadrats. 'f -  !

1 11 and'l-12) and.six.(A-D; I-J) at reference locations . (quadrats

G-13. and J-12) (Figure 2). Because.of the extended power plant ,

outage,' the discharge sampling sites are for the second year

.being L mon i tored wi thou t the influence of waste heat and with only a minimal' flow of water out of the-discharge canal. This w i l'1 enable us to determine if prestress data are similar over-time at

. ba t h . ref er ence and treatment areas.- The sampling period will

.. , -)

l cover. -June. -

September, the manths of high commercial lobster 1 catches inshore.

-In- 'J u n e , we redeployed our commercial lobster traps, but this- year we are fishing 50 pots, 10 more than in 1986. Each l t

' trap. is construc ted o f vinyl coated wire and measures 91 x 51 x l 30 cm; traps are fished in strings or trawls. Randomization was I

7.

^

l l

i l

CAPE COD BA Y I

l A

0 1/2 1 N i' SCALE IN MILES PL YMOUTH BA Y

(

Rocky pK g Point g%E C- / t B . , ' ~%,/

s'- Hg A ,',

%,g, t

,/ l RIM '; I

[' '

Pricilla Beach

'e - l l Whd8 LEGEND- $ -

8 /*\ ' '

,s'.,

Horse Beach

.. POWER PLANT . ,8 A , ./ ,

s .

Manomet b( /(t,

,el h'* N LOBSTER TRAWL STATIONS Point

. ( A-J) - /g ,,'"-

~ '

't ,'

j

,!f Stage l Point Figure 2. Location of experimental lobster gear z (5 pot trawls) for Marine Fisheries Studies.

1 8

applied in our selection of stations f r om within an area. Ten trawls. (five traps / trawl; traps spaced about 30 m apart in a trawl; each trawl is buoyed at the ends) are fished at permanent station locations throughout the defined sampling strata ,

( s ta ti ons are marked with an anchor-buoy arrangement). Each utation is sampled methodically to standardize the distribution of offort. Standardized gear, methods, and design are employed to maxtmtze data precision.

Pots, wh ic h are individually numbered, have been hauled every other day during the daytime throughout the week, weather I

permitting, with soak-time (duration of a set) recorded at the time of uampling. Bottom and surface water temperatures have t been obtained approximately weekly. At each station, traps are emptied of their contents, rehalted, and relocated. Pots are balted exclusively with flounder racks to standardize any effect on c a tc ha bi 1 i. t y . Information col 1ected included: number of r

lobster per pot-haul; station location; and for each inbster:

car apace length (CL) in mm, sex, misn.ing claws, presence of eggs (avigerous), sheli hardness, and pathology are recorded. We are releasing all lobster in the area of capture except for a sample retained for radiological analysis. To address the recapture rate of sublegal lobster (< Bi mm CL) we have taqqed about to l l f sublegals each sampling trip rotating between the three sampling )

i areas. Lugals were tagged last year and we found very few were l r ec ap tured by our pots. The tag is a coded yellow cinch placed proximal to the dactyi por tion of the lobster's left cheliped.

) e.

i

in June, we completed 5 sampl.ing events totaltng 248 pot-hauls. We obtained data on 377 lobster. Of these, 30 (8/.) were legal sized ( >, 81 mm CL) and 347 sublegal. The ratto of legal to sublegal lobster was 1:11.57. The overall catch per trap haul

( C Til) averaged 1.5 lobster (legal plus sublegal); the range was O '

to 15 lobster per pot. Mean ca tc h rates for the entire study area of legal and sublegal lobster were 0.12 and 1.40 CTH, respectively. The mean CTH of legals from our research study of last June (1986) was 0.14. There were no recaptures of tagged lobster tn June.

Comparing the three sampling locations, legal catch rates were somewhat similar in June - 0.09 went of Rocky Point

( r u f er ence ) , 0.11 at the discharge, and 0.20 northwest of q Priscilla Beach (reference). The number of legal lobster caught ranged from 0 to 2 per trap-haul in all three areas. However, sublegal catch rates varied considerably. The catch of sublegal-sized lobster ranged from 0 to 14 per pot haul and averaged 1.85 at the discharge area (survet11ance) or about double the catch rate at Rocky Point (range 0-5; x = 0.94). Possibly, the luwer sublegal ca tch at Rocky Point is related to a saturation effect as a result of the high incidental catch of rock crabs (Cancer spp.). Potted crabs occupy space that. mtqht utherwtse be taken by lobster in a trap fishery. Of the 147 crabs patted in June samplings, L41 were captured at Rocky Point. However, with limited data available at this time, tt is difficult to draw meantngful conclusions.

10.

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. -i .

3..NEARSHORE'DENTilIC FINF1SH_

Our nearshore' bottom' trawl. survey for 1987 commenced in mid-

' Jariuary L ' continuing through June. Station locations were Warren Cove, off White. Horse Beach, in the areatof the Discharge, and = in the Intake embaymen t at the power plant. Sampiing was monthly.

during' January and March and biweekly-in spring. No trawling.'was idone'in February,due to adverse sua condi tions. ' Ca tches for, tows

~

greater than'or equ'al to 10 minutes,'but less than the. standard i

10 minute duration, were multiplied. by an expansion. factor (15.

a minutes / actual tow minutes). Town of less than 10 minute duration were rejected a priori. A total'of 1470 finfish, ' comprising 20.

species, 'was collected during 40 tows in the study area (Table L -1). Twenty-four species anri 1636.finfish were collected in 58 town for the same period in 1986. In 1987, the most diverse s ta tions with fourteen demersal fish species each were -in the Discharge area and off White Ho'rse Beach.

CPUE (mean catch per standard 15 minute tow) for all stations' and species pooled was 36.7 fish / tow, as compared to last year's mean'of 28.2. fish / tow. CPUE for a1i species pooled ranged' f rom 39. 5 a t the Discharge site to 32.3 in Warren Cove.

For the same sampling period in 1906, CPUE was greatest off White l

-Horse Beach (39.5) but lowest in the Discharge area (23.1). Five species  : 1ittle skate (Ra]a erinacea), winter flounder

=(Pneudopleuronectes americanus), windowpane (Sqqqhthaimus ,

agnosus), northern searabin (Prionotus carolinus) and yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruninea) comprised 93'/. of t. he total ca tc h.

11.

L Table 1.

Expanded numbers and percent composition of finfish l captured by nearshore trawling in the vicinity of Pilgrim Station, January-June, 1987.

Sta. 1 Sta. 3 Sta. 4 Sta. 6 Totals % Catch Species Discharge Intake

' 'Little skate 135 132 113 75 455 '30.9 Winter flounder 121 122 95 110 448 30.4 Windowpane 72 76 65 45 258 17.5 Northern searobin 8- 31 114 2 155 10.5

.Yellowtail flounder .1 38 15 9 63 4.2 Winter skate' 8 7 3 9 27 - 1. 8 l

Longhorn sculpin 0 8 1 3 12 0.8 Fourspot flounder 0 8 2 0- 10 0.6 Ocean. pout 7 2 0 0 9 0.6 Summer flounder 0 3 3 3 9 0.6' Atlantic silverside 0 4 3 1 8 0.5 Red hake 1 1 0 2 4 0.2

' Cunner- 1 0 1 0 .2 0.1 Grubby 0 0 0 2 2 0.1 i

Rainbow smelt- 1 0 1 0 2 '0.1 Atlantic cod 0 0 1 0 1 <0.1

'Goosefish 0 0 1 0 1 <0.1 Pollock 0- 1 0 0 1 <0.1-Rock ~ gunnel 0 1 0 0 1 40.1 Sea raven 1 0 0 0 1 <0.1 l

Pooled species Number of species 11 14 14 11 20 Number of tows 11 11 11 7 40 Total fish 356 435 418 261 1,470 37.3 36.7 Catch / tow 32.3 39.5 38.0 Percent catch 24.2 29.6- 28.4 17.7 4

12 l

. Li t t le skate was numerica lly dominarit comprising 31% of. the:

' trawl: -catch. Spatially, CPUE ranged.from 10.2.off White Horse Doach tti 2.2.in' Warren Cove (Table 2). For the same- sampling period in 1986, the ca tch ra te. be tween sites was_ more variable being' lowest in .the Intake embayment (~/.8) and highest off Whi.te Horse.(14.J).

Winter. flounder ranked a close second ( 30*' i in trawl t

samples. Relative abundance was by tar the highest in the intake

- a t. 15.6 fish / tow and lowest off White Horse a t G.6. Ca tc h rates at the Discharge and Warren Cove stations were 11.0, up twofold and t hree f old , - respec tively , from 1c786 .

' Windowpane ranked third at 18% of the total. CPUE showed l- l i t t. l e variability, ranging from 5.9-6.9. Relative abundance -was 1

greatest in the Discharge area and lowest off White Horse Beach.

Catches appeared to be slightly higher than last year.

Comprising; 10% of the. trawl catch, northern searabin was unexpectedly fourth in the dominance hierarchy. Ca tch rier tow of this schooling migratory fish ranged from 0.2 in the intake embayment to 10.3 at White Horse Beach, reflecting the clumped (contagious) distribution of this species. Of the 155 northern searobin trawled during this reporting period, 60% were caught l (105 fish) in one tow in May at White Horse Beach; 88% were t.r a w l e d overal1 on this sampling day. Searabins were taken in -

I relatively large numbers in our gillnet sets of mid-May (428 fish) and mid-June (431 fish ). I Yetlowtail flaunder ranked fifth in catch abundance (4%). The 13.

f j l

I l;

Table 2.' Expanded. trawl catch data (total length and. catch-per .

unit-effort).- for dominant. demersal- community.finfish

-occurring in the vicinity of Pilgrim Station, January-

. June, 1987.'

L Little: Winter Northern' Yellowca11.

skate flounder Windowpane sea robin

• flounder STATION 1

.Mean catch / tow' .12.2 11.0 6.5' .0.7 0.0:

"Mean' size'(cm). . - 39.3 - 28.1 25.3 '24.0 27.0.-

Size range:(cm). 14-51' 11-40 15-31 20-30 27-27

, -STATION 3-

.Mean catch /towi 11.9 11.0- 6. 9 ' 2.7: 3.4

.Mean size'(cm)- .33.6 27.9 .21.4 22.7 L26.6

' Size range (cm) 12-54: 8-40' 13-31 .20-28 10-38

-STATION 4' Mean catch / tow- '10.2 -8.6 5.9 10. 3 '- 1.3

Mean size.(cm). 35.2- 29.0 -21.0 24.0 29.0.

-Size range -(cm) ' 19-52 11-44 11-30 '19-31 13-36~

STATION 6 Mean catch / tow -10.7 15.6 6.4 0.2 ~ ,1.2 Mean size (cm) . 36.1 25.9 20.8 25.5 22.0 Size range (cm) 18-52 7-45 , 11-32 21-30 12-30 CFork lengths were obtained on Northern searobin.

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1

' Lhig hes t - CPUE f ( 3. 4 ) occurrnd at the Discharge station.  !

t

4. -PFLAGIC AND'.HENTHI-PELAGIC FIGHES-A: tota 1 of~1$781; fish, comprising 28 species (Table 3) was 1

qill netted in 5 overnight sets made during .the period March  !

through: . June, 1987. . No -' sets were made during- January- and February-.due to adverse weather conditions. Northern sea robin (Pr;ionu tus carolinus),  : Atlantic herring ( CJ_ujtejt ha rentius .

I q

h a r_,e_n , ils_) , .and pollock (Pol 1achius virgn_s) comprised.84%'of

.t h e ~' '!

i total catch. i i

Overall catch ..per overnight set '(catch per unit ef f ort or CPUE) for pooled species 'was 356.2 ~ fish per set, a ratel substantially greater than that calculated for the first: half' o f- ]1 !

1986-(97.8 fish per set). -This high catch rate may partial!y be-the result of an absence of data from January and February,-

. months when smalI catches generally lower overalI catch estima tes 1 and because of the unusually large numbers of northern sea robin i i

. ne ttet1 during May and June (059 fish). I t

' Comprising nearly 49% of the total, northern sea robin was [

-the mont abundant finfish captured by gili net. A1though never before taken in such large numbers by un, this species has been a ,

i regular component of our catch. Bigelow and Schroeder (1953) {

reported that. this species is a common inshore visitar in L I southern New England waters during the warmer months, generally- j

) --.

, moving into shoal waters in large numbers in- May and June. _{

I Little appears to be known, however, af the magnitude af northern sea robin stocks or trends in abundance over time.

15.

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Table 3. Gill net catch data (7 panels of 3.8 - 15.2 cm mesh) from the vicinity of Pilgrim Station, January-June, 1987.

i 7. of. Size range l Species Number total fish (cm)

Northern sea robin 874 49.1 20 - 37 TL Atlantic herring 447 25.1 23 - 33 FL Pollock 181 10.2 15 - 34 FL Cunner 95' 5.3 '12 - 33 TL Tautog 39 2.2 14 - 45 TL Atlantic menhaden 30 1.7 24 - 32 FL Atlantic mackerel 27 1.5 23 - 43 FL Alewife 21 1.2 14 - 26 FL Winter flounder 10 0.6 21 - 38 TL Longhorn sculpin 9 0.5 25 - 34 TL Silver hake 6 0.3 27 - 33 FL Little skate 5 0.3 41 - 52 TL Scup 5 0.3 18 - 20 FL Smooth dogfish 5 0.3 85 - 105 TL Atlantic cod 4 0.2 25 - 51 TL Spiny dogfish 4 0.2 96 - 110 TL Grubby 3 0.2 11 - 15 TL Black sea bass 2 0.1 22 - 23 FL Bluefish 2 0.1 74 - 78 TL Four-spot flounder 2 0.1 27 - 30 TL Lumpfish 2 0.1 27 TL

. Windowpane 2 0.1 23 - 30 TL Atlantic tomcod 1 0.1 24 TL Blueback herring 1 0.1 25 FL Sea raven 1 0.1 35 TL t Shorthorn sculpin 1 0.1 31 TL Striped bass 1 0.1 29 FL White perch 1 0.1 31 FL Total 1781 FL = Fork length TL = Total ?.ength

{

i d

16 l

y .

,Q.

a _

Atlantic herring' L(25%) and pollack (10%)'were second and-i third -in atuantiance, respec tively. Both species,.but'particularly- .

pollock, have been caught in relatively large numbers in nur gill r t e t. in past years.!BothLare migratory,.and both have been subject

.to. wide fluctuations in relative abundance in the Gulf of Maine' q

'(Bigelow and Schroeder 1953).

Cunner- (Tautoualabrus'adspersus), tautog (Tautona onitts),,

Atlantic menhaden' (Drevoortia tyrannus), ' Atlantic mackere!

. ( Sc~omber scambrus), and alewife (Alana pseudoharenqun) comprised l nearty 12% -of the catch (Table.3). The remaining 20 species reprenen t eti only 4% of the combined catch.

S.- SliO I1E_7 O N E F I S H E S

> .Five . s ta tions were sampled (Figure 3) by haul seining. A t.o t.a l' a f . 2,186 1infish, representing L2 species, was captured in i

16 sets of the 45.'7 m haul seines completed at + 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />,of .,

low tide, .cluring 2 sampling days in the month of ilune (Table 4). ,

I i Water temperature (surface) and salinity at the time of sampling i

~ ranged- uverall from L2.0 to l'7.0 C and 29.0 to 30.0  % ,

respect.ively. Temperatures were slightly higher at Long Point

'(Station G-S) and in the Intake embayment (Stations S-3 and G-6). j j

than at the twn open coastal sites (S-2 and S-4).

1 Three taxa - sand iance (Ammotty_te.s spp.), A t I an t i.c tomcod )

. ( M i r r ouartus tomc ocJ.) , and Atl an tic herring ( Ghipea, h_a r en qy.1 l

bav entnis ) -

comprised over 98% of the total tatch. All three dominant species were captured in highest numbers in the Intake.

Sand lance were numerically dominant, accounting for 88.9% of the 17.

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1

.*44 l

Gurnet Pr.

I CAPE COD BA Y S-5 g 0 1/2 i N 6 LLa SCALE IN MILES Long 8exn PL YMOUTH 8A Y PL YMO(/fM g,3 Rock y b Point O 'E e,**y

/>, S.2 '

S.3 PILGRIM wanen cove ,- l S-

. . .=.'ts%,

, 'l% , a

'Y . ' ' ..Qhatomase . .

Prisedle 6exh j

~ 'f os, , ,

• LEGENO

,) s White 4,

POWER PLANT (s f,' ,j+..y.

Horse Beach G3 6

A BEACH SEINE STATIONS (S) @ 'g'J# ,

3 4 $,',7 8 BENTHIC STATIONS (G) '.

• • • GILL NET (N) '

'I '

j .65 h

tl, l}l stm 1

\

~.

,g.!

'i*'\

\,

l \ l 4ll \, \

j 4

Figure 3. Location of Beach Seine and Gill Net Sampling Stations for Marine Fisheries Studies, and .

Benthic Studies Sampling Stations, 18 f

(

Table 4 Shore-zone fishes captured by haul seining at sampling stations in the environs of Pilgrim _ Station for June,1987.

Warren Pilgrim Long Manomet Total Percent of Species Cove Intakel Point Point Number Total Catch Scud lance app.* 1,944 1,944 88.9 Atlentic tomcod 19 64 37 120 5.5 Atirntic herring 86 86 3.9 Wintcr flounder 2 11 13 0.6 Atlantic lumpfish 5 5 0.2 Atlantic silverside 4 4 0.2 Grubby 3 1 4 0.2 Windowpane 2 1 1 4 0.2 Northern pipefish 2 2 -

White hake 1 1 2 0.3 Bay enchovy 1 1 -

Thrcsspine stickleback 1 1 -

Total no. of fish 23 2,099 51 13 2,186 Numbsr of sets 4 4 4 4 16 Catch / set 5.8 524.8 12.8 2.8 136.6 Total no. of species 4 5 7 3 12 Parcant of total catch 1.1 96.0 2.3 0.6 100.0

• Not separated by species.

l 45.7 m x 3.0 m seine f

)

19

h t,

1 total but -were ' sampled only in the Intake. Sea herring, I. . .

E ,

likewise, were exclusively captured in the Intake. In fact, 96%

l of' the to ta l <-.eine c a t c h in June.was obtained.. there. A t l an t ic tomcod ranked second in.overall calch and ftrst at two.'of the j u t.a l i nns ; i L was-- cap tisrett a t three of the four stations. sampled.

Diversity, an' measured by the total number of species capturett at a sampling-location, was highest for June a t. Long l

' P o t'n t' f 011 owed' . by' Pi Igr tm Intake embayment.and lowest.at Manomet Point. 1:a tch per set, as an index.of overalILrelative. abundance, was . highest i n - . t he Intake and lowest at Manomet Poin t. . 'Because of the limited sampling anti resultant small sample sizes.

tnvolved, it is' problematic to comprehensively analyze species-

d '.t v e r s i t y and- a rel'tive abundance trends tiased on one month's .]

sampiing.

i: Using a smaller seine (6.im), w e. sampled during. the-

' alternate weeks at high tide (t 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> of flood tide). We l l

completed two sampiing days in June catching only a few juventle tomc oci . These fish were taken at the boat ramp in the Intake  :

embayment (Station S-6).

6. UNDERWAIER FINF1SH OUSElWAfIONS D1 weekly observational SCUBA dives were made at six stations i

in and around the discharge canal 2n May and June, 1987. Five

-1 species of finfish (Table 5) were noted, as well as blue muusets f (Mytilue; edulig), American lobster (Homaryn americanus), and numerous spectes of algae.

Wi t h the continuation af the stataan outage that began an f 20.

I

. .i :

i l Table 5. Abundance'and station locations associated with the occurrence of all species observed during underwater

observations :st PNPS from May-June, 1987.

., A . S Numb'er Station observed '% of where most Species by divers total fish abundant

' Cunner 112' 55.2% D.1 Pollock. 82 40.4% D 1

. Rock gunnel" 6 3.0% D 1

Teutog 3 1.5% 'D y D C 2 2

Minter flounder 1 0.5% D 7

p

'D = denuded C = control o

I 21 1

N, ,

s +

LApr II'- I986, ' af dense beri- of blue . mussels ffourinhed -a l ang' the s I, bottom Lof and ex tending . atit "f rom the. discharge canal. Wu- also

, qual i ta tively ohnerved er hanced algal' growth (both biomass ~ 'and number of-species) throughout the en tire observational area. In the absence. of waste. heat and with minimal discharge current- (no circulating ~ water pumps were-in operation)', -Irish mass ( C hond ru,s, h ' c r ispus) ; ' began recolonizing the denuded zone. In addition,

' kelp c(l .im ipar i et ~ spp.) and Enteromorpha upp. were attached to the many.

bottider s in and around the discharge canal ~and the large. errattc a t Station Dt .in the denuded zone.

Ctinner (Tautocolabrus adspersus) and pollock (Pollachius

- v t ren b. ) together comprised nearly 967. of the total: f t sh . nig h t ingEs ,

-(Table 5). Conner were found at all stations, though-most often_ 'l at. S ta tion D t. Pollock were absent from the two stunted' zone stattons; the majority (75 fish) were recorded in a single

- obser va tion at Station D t. Few tautog'(Tanioga.onitis) were in evidence ditring the abuurvational tiives (Table 5), despite the abundance of blue mussels which are a primary food source for j t.h i s 5.peries.(Ol1a et al. 197S). 1he remaining species: rock gunnel (Eftjalis ounnellus) and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes amer t c anu_g) were sighted on a random basis. No strtped bass

( Mor tiny saxati1is) or bluefish ( Poma t.omus sal ta t r ix ) were I

obser ved by the divers.  :]

In general, finfish numbers and diversity corresponded with data recorded for May and June of 1986. No abnormalities in appearance or behavior of marine life were noted.

22.

'7 GEDErf.LSjlING

~

lHportfish' catch.at. Pilgrim Shorefront for the period, April-June; 1987, was- recorded by secur.1ty personnel at the water

f ron t . -This inoperative effort with the- Division of Marine-

~

Fishertes enablen'un.to maintain'a data base-on;the recreational shore fishery'in-the Pilgrim. area. A questionnaire was employed to nhtain essential creel data.

The'Shrrefront was' opened to-the'public for.the.1987 season 1.

~

'on April Pilgrim Stat. ion has been in an extended outage since April 1906,'which has' negated waste heat removal and resulted in reduced-

. current- flow. During April,. May, and June .of 1987, ha t h -

circulating seawater pumps were essentially inoperative, and-only' i i

_a' minimal flow ~nf water-issued from the discharge canal as a reuult of the oper a tion of one.or two of the five service water pumpu. The' lack.of a. thermal curren t at Pilgrim Station has been found to adverse _l y ' a f f ec t the catches of striperl bass and

-hinefinh.there (Lawton et: al. 1987).

Unly .three angleru- were reported to have -fished at the Shoref ron t .the entire mon th o f April, and nn . f .t n h were' caught.

Ang l'Inrj activity was curtailed in that the footbridge that spans

'the dtscharge canal'was closed because of a break in the cemenL walkway. The bridge allows pedestrian pansa je to the right

- d i.sc har g e jetty.(facing seaward), the outer intake breakwater, and the beach at the head of the intake embayment. Anglers were

[ limited to fishing only from the left discharge 'etty, thus effectively removing most of the prime fishing access.

L

i p n.

}

,. t  : i

.p

~ / .-

P In- May, Ills angler-trips were madth to the area. (hiity' neven' u.

ffsh: 5ix winter fIounder.(Pseudopieuronectes . gfmgr_iEd!Mg) . .and

'3 one: taut.oq .(Tautosa anitis), were= landed..' For most.of t he . mon t h ,-.

L. , .. .

.. .fi r,hermen wer e res tr ic t ed to' fishing:' f rom on l yf the le f t -.di sc harge:

a *\

-J e t t.y . ,

Activity increased lin J.une as-249 angler-trtps were recorded' ii

.at the Ghnrefront.

All fishing' locations were accessibl'e ' ' t o!

hi anglors this munth. Four 1infish specien.were;tal1ied- in. June.

7 i ,. y

tota 1ing 39Lfinh: 19 winter flaunder, 14 cunner (rautogg abrus y adspersus),.4 pollock (Pollachiun^virens),: and i tautog.

Overal1, . fishing effort'and spor.tfish catch were very 1ow thts' spring. at Pilgrim Station. Clearly, .the power -station outage and 'l imi ted . fishing: access negatively . impacted .

(

recreational' fishing at; Pilgrim Shorefront.

i 1

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24.

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h "

e r

i' 4

-_ I V ., A. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.

i.. .. . .

.We acknowledge the con tributions of seasonal employees Car 1

.Sylviahand Kevin-Creighton and the numerous staff members of the

' Massachusetts. Division of- Marine Fisheries, 'especially .Neil Chu rc hi l 1~ who. assisted :In phases of field sampling;- and Leigh at s ,. Bridges lin, editing: .the final manuscript. We thank Chris Kyranos y

for: allowing -us. to sample his lobster pot. catches; -and W.C.

5, c- -G'ibley, and' Richard Schneider for overseeing.the collection- of L: creel ' data-at,the Shorefront area. Also greatly appreciated is

,f ,

'the . work'of.Carleen Mackin for, typing this' report. Finally, we

-thank' Robert ~D.l Anderson and the' Pilgrim Administrative-Technical.

Cummittee~for' overseeing the entire study program.

u I- l 14 1

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i l

V . LITERATURE CITED Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder. 1953. Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fishery Bulletin 53: 577 pp..

Howe, A.B. and P.G. Coates. 1975. Winter flounder movements, growth and mortality off Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 104: 13-29.

Lawton, R.P., P. Brady, C. Sheehan, M. Borgatti, and V.

Malkoski.' 1984. Semi-annual report on studies to evaluate possible effects of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station on marine fisheries resources of western Cape' Cod Bay. Projec t Report No. 36. [N: Marine Ecology Studies Related to Operation of Pilgrim Station, Summary Report No. 16. Boston Edison Company. Uoston n, MA, USA.

Lawton, R.P., C. Sheehan, V. Malkoski, S. Correia, and- M.

Borgatti. 1985. Annual report on monitorin,q to assess {

impact of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station on marine "

fisheries resources of western Cape Cod Bay. Project Report No. 39 (January-December, 1984). IN: Marine .)

Ecology Studies Related to Operation of Pilgrim (

Station, Semi-annual Report No. 25. Boston Edison y Company. Boston,.MA, USA.  ; $

/

Lawton, R.P., V. J. Malkoski, S. J. Correia, 4. B. O'Gorman and M. Bargatti. 1986. Annual report on monitoring to assess impact of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station on i marine fisheries resources of western / Cape Cod Bay.

Project Report No. 40 (January-December, 1985). IN:

Marine Ecology Studies Related to Operation of Pilgrim Station, Semi-annual Report No. 27. Boston Edison Company. Boston, MA, USA.

Lawton, R.P., V. J. Malkoski, S..J. Correia, B. C. Kelly, M.

Borgatti, and B. Hollister. 1987. Annual ' report on monitoring to assess impac t of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station on marine fisheries resources of western Cape Cod Bay (Impact on Fisheries Resources _). Project <

Report No. 42 (January-December,3 1986). Summary Report No. 19 (Volume 2 of 2). In: Marine Ecology Studies Related to the Operation of Pilgrim Station, semi-annual Report No. 29. Boston Edison Compans . Boston, MA, USA.

Olla, B. L., A. J. Bejda, and A. D. Martin. 1975. Activity, movement, and feeding behavior of the cunner, (

Tautocolabrus adspersus, and comparison of food habits with young tautog, Tautona onitis, off Long Island, New York. Fishery Bulletin 73: 895-898. {

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l l BENTHIC ALGAL AND FAUNAL MONITORING

) AT THE PILGRIM NUCLEAR POWER STATION j- January-June 1987

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l October 9,1987

( BATTELLE

/ Ocean Sciences 397 Washington Street Duxbury, Massachusetts 02332 Battelle is not engaged in research for advertising, sales promotion, or publicity purposes, and this report may not be reproduced in full or in part for such purposes.

- 1, I

1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

. ... _ . . . . . . . . I

~ INTRODUCTION ._ ... ... .._ - 1 )

l METHODS -..  :

. . _ .... 2 RESULTS ........ . ..- . 3

' FAUNAL STUDIES. . . ..._ ... . . 3 ALGAL STUDIES .... .. . ...._ _ . . . . - . . 20 QUALITATIVE TRANSECT SURVEY _ _ . . 28 DISCUSSION ... _ . . .. . . . 30 LITERATURE CITED ... . ... - ... . .. . ... 34

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i LIST OF TABLES ,

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PAGE Table 1. Faunal Species Richness, March 1987.. .............. ... -. .. 5 Table 2. Faunal Densities With and Without Mytilus edulis Included .

March 1987.. _.. ._ . . . . . . 7 l Table 3. Rank Order of Abundance for the 15 Dominant Taxa in Samples Collected in March 1987.... , . . .. . 9-Table 4. Information Theory Diversity Values (Shannon-Weiner) by Replicate and Station, March 1987 _. . . .. .. ... . I1' l Table 5. Information Theory Diversity Values (Shannon-Weiner)

Excluding Mytilus edulis by Replicate and Station, -4 March 1987. .. .. -

- - .. . . I1 Table 6. Expected Number of Species for Pooled Station Data Using Rarefied Sample Sizes of M=50,400,750,1000 and 5000.. . 13 Table 7. Dry Weight Blomass Values (g/m2) for Chondrus crispus, Phyllophora spp., Epiphytes, the Remaining Benthic Species, and Total Algal Biomass for Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent Subtidal (10' MLW) Stations for March 1987...... .. 23 Table 8. Colonization Values for Chondrus crispus and Phyliophora spp. for the Manomet Point, Effluent, and Rocky Point l Subtidal (10' MLW) Stations for March 1987.. _. .. 26 i

. Table 9. Colon 17ation Index Value for Chondrus crispus and Phyllophora spp. for the Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent Subtidal (10' MLW) Stations for March 1937. . 27 i

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LIST OF FIGURES

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Figure 1. Location of the Rocky Point, Effluent, and Manomet Point Subtidal (10' MLW) Stations . . . . ... . 4 Figure 2. ' Dendrogram Showing Results of Cluster Analysis of March

- 1987 Data Using Bray 4urtis and Group Average Sorting.

Shading Differences Highlight Different Cluster Groups . . .- 15 Figure 3. Dendrogram Showing Results of Clutter Analysis of March 1987 Data Using NESS and Flexible Sorting. Shading Differences Highlight Different Cluster Groups . .. _. . . . 16 Figure 4. Dendrogram Showing Results of Inverse Cluster Analysis of March 1987 Data Using Bray-Curtis and Group Average i Sorting. Shaded Areas Highlight Different Species Groups.... . 17 -!

Figure 5. Nodal Analysis of Constancy for Species and Replicate Groups Determined for March 1987 Data. ..... . ... ... . I9 Figure 6. Algal Community Overlap (3accard's Coefficient of Community) and Number of Species Shared Between Replicate Pairs at the Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent Subtidal Stations (10' MLW), March 1987............. . 22 Figure 7. Configuration of Denuded and Stunted Zones for March 25, 1987. .-.. . ... .. . .. . . . 29

- Figure 8. Configuration of Denuded and Stunted Zones for J une 9, 1987. ... ....... .. . . .... .... .. .. .. . . .. 31

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= EXECUTIVE

SUMMARY

0 This J report presents the ~ results .of. benthic algal and faunal monitoring -

< , conducted ! from January l throug'. June 1987 relative to' the operation of Pilgrim ~ j

. Nuclear ' Power Station ,(PNPS) in Plymouth, . Massachusetts. Quantitative samples

~

- were collected on March ' 25, .1987, and - qualitative impact zone surveys were -

conducted on March 23 and June 9,"1987. Of particular interest during this reporting.

- period was4 the prolonged ' shutdown that began ~ at PNPS in April 1986 and was

- continuing at.the time of this report. . )

~

These investigations represent the most recent phase of an extensive long-term .

monitoring effort by Boston Edison Company (BECO) to assess the impact of PNPS on j

.the inshore benthic community of western Cape Cod Bay. The benthic monitoring ]

program has 'been- refined in scope during the ~past several years by the Pilgrim i- Administrative-Technical Committee in conjunction with Boston Edison Company and ,

-currently consists of the following components:

,1 e- ' Semi-annual quantitative sampling (March and September) at the Effluent

, station, and at the Rocky Point'and Manomet Point reference stations. J e Quarterly mapping (March, . June, Septembe , and- December) of the

. nearfield acute impact zones by means of diver observation.

A variety of analytical techniques were used to assess community structure.

Specific data on algal biomass, dominant fauna, and densities of. selected faunal

. species were also analyzed. Field collections and laboratory analysis techniques were in most cases identical with techniques used previously. Every effort was made to ensure that the long-term comparability of the database would not be compromised because of a change in contractors over the course of the program.

QUANTITATIVE STUDIES t

As in previous samplings, five replicate 0.1089 m2 benthic samples were collected using SCUBA at three stations: Effluent, Manomet Point, and Rocky Point.

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g -Samples were preserved in the field before being transported to the laboratory, where L

i-the faunal and algal fractions were separated and analyzed. Data were analyzed on the Battelle VAX system using software previously used to analyze PNPS data.

1 Faunal Studies Systematics.~ Three new faunal species were added to the taxonomic list associated with the benthic monitoring studies at PNPS as a result of analysis of the March 1987 quantitative samples.

Species Richness. -In March 1987, the Manomet Point reference station had the highest number of faunal species for pooled replicates, followed by the Rocky Point I

station and the Effluent station. The Manomet Point station ranked first in terms of average species per replicate, followed by the Effluent station and the Rocky Point station. The observed differences in the numbers of species per replicate were found -

to be significant (at p=.05). A jackknifed estimate of species richness ranked the Manomet Point station first, followed by the Rocky Point and the Effluent station.

Faunal Density. Total faunal densities were highest at the Manomet Point station in March 1987, followed by the Effluent and Rocky Point stations. Significant differences (at p=.05) were noted between the Manomet Point station and both the Effluent and Rocky Point stations. Removing Mytilus edulis from the data resulted in no overall change in ranks among the three stations.

Species Dominan_ce. Replicate samples from all three stations contained high percentages of arthropods. Eleven species were shared among the 15 dominant species at each of the stations. Of the 15 dominant species in replicate samples from the Manomet Point station in March 1987,11 were also found among the 15 dominant species in samples collected at the Effluent station. The Rocky Point and Effluent stations shared 13 of the same 15 dominant species. The Spearman's rank correlation procedure noted positive significant correlations among all three stations.

Species Diversity, in March 1987, the Rocky Point station exhibited the highest species diversity for total fauna, followed by the Manomet Point station and the Effluent station. Removing Mytilus edulis from the data resulted in a decrease in

{

diversity at all three stations. '

Measures of Similarity. Normal cluster analyses performed on the Merch 1987  ;

replicate data showed the replicate samples collected at the reference stations to be i ii

i 1

more similar to one another than to any of the Effluent station replicate samples.

This has been the case i;r most of the previous samplings. Inverse cluster analyses  ;

resulted in five species groups, including one large group composed of 12 species that have shown a tendency to group together for the past several samplings. A nodal analysis of the repilcate and species groups indicated that two of the species groups accounted for much of the dissimilarity between the reference and Effluent stations.

Algal Studies Systematics. No additions to the cumulative algal species list were made as a result of analysis of the March 1987 samples.

Algal Community Descriptipy. The rock and cobble substrata found at the Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent stations were heavily colonized by red macroalgae, especially Chondrus crispus and Phyllophora spp., during the March 1987 collections. Epiphytic algal species were observed at all three stations, with I Chondrus and Phyllophora serving as the primary hosts.

Algal Community Overlap. The Manomet Point and Rocky Point sta'. ions showed the highest species overlap between stations (77.2 percent). The Manomet Point and Effluent stations showed the lowest overlap (66.7 percent). The community overlap between stations indicated that the Effluent station differed from the reference stations, but there was a high degree of homogeneity (>60 percent) in terms of species occurrence among all three stations.

Algal Biomass. In March 1987, Chondrus crispus biomass was not significantly different (at p=.05) at any of the three stations. Phyllophora spp. biomass was significantly higher (at p=.05) at the Manomet station than at the Rocky Point station. Biomass for the remaining benthic species (RBS) category was not significantly different (at p=.05) at any of the stations. A significant difference was noted between Rocky Point and the other stations for total algal biomass, reflecting reduced Phyllophora spp. biomass at Rocky Point.

Chondrus/Phyllophora Colonization Index. Phyllophora spp. was more heavily colonized with both algal and faunal epiphytes than was Chondrus crispus in March 1987. Colonization values for Phyllophora were highest at the Manomet Point station, which correlated well with total epiphytic biomass data. Chondrus showed its greatest colonization values at the Manomet Point station.

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QUALITATIVE TRANSECT SURVEY The diver-transect study was conducted with particular care to ensure comparability with previous work.' Methods were identical.to those used in previous

. years,Linvolving a fixed line stretched offshore along the discharge canal centerline and a moveable? line. placed perpendicular. to the fixed line. This . transect was '

. traversed by divers who noted the boundaries of. the stunted and denuded Chondrus zones immediately adjacent to and seaward of the effluent canal.

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The total area encompassed by the denuded zone in March 1987.was 676 m2, a 10 percent reduction as compared with the denuded zone in December 1986 (753 m2) -

The stunted zone observed in ' March 1987 equaled 176'm2, a 58 percent reduction in the size of the stunted zone since December 1986 (421 m2). The total nearfield impact area for the March 1987 transect survey equaled 852'm2, 27 percent less than that measured in' December 1986.

The total area contained within the denuded zone in June 1987 was 179 m2, a 74 percent reduction in this zone as compared with March 1987 . An additional 284 m2 was contained within the stunted zone, for a total nearfield impact area of 463 m2, This represented a 61 percent increase in the size of the stunted zone 'and a 46 percent reduction in the size of the total impact area since March 1987.

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.i SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT _i, Number 30 1 l

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BENTHIC ALGAL AND FAUNAL MONITORING AT THE h PILGRIM NUCLEAR POWER STATION 3anuary 1987 - June 1987 i

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INTRODUCTION )

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This report presents the results of the most recent series of benthic monitoring j 1

surveys performed at the Pilgrlin Nuclear- Power Station (PNPS) under Purchase l Order No. 63646.. The surveys are part of a long-term monitoring effort by Boston l Edison Company to assess the impact on the inshore benthic community of the thermal effluent from the 655 MW nuclear steam-electric generating station. PNPS is located on the northwest shore of Cape Cod Bay, five miles southeast of Plymouth Harbor, Massachusetts. The quantitative algal and faunal data discussed in this report were derived from field collections conducted on March 25, 1987. Qualitative transect data were collected on March 25 and June 9,1987.

The specifications for times of sampling and procedures follow guidelines established by the Pilgrim Administrative-Technical Committee (PATC) and adopted by Boston Edison Company. The sampling program was modified in the summer of 1981 to include (1) semi-annual (Septernoer, March) benthic sampling (quarterly samples had been taken from September 1974 to June 11, 1981);(2) three quantitative

t r

L sampling sites (Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent stations);(3) five replicate Lsamples (0.1089 m2) from each of the three stations (three replicates .were taken from September 1974 through June 1980; six replicates were taken from September 1980 through June 1981); and (4) diver-conducted transect surveys to be performed quarterly. (March, June, September, December) to assess localized effects of PNPS cooling water discharge on nearfield benthic communities.

Data reported in Semi-Annual Report 30 were collected during the continuing outage at PNPS that began in April 1986. . The quantitative samples collected on March 25,1987 were taken after nearly a full year during which no thermal effluent was discharged. In addition, the two circulating seawater pumps that create a scouring effect near the discharge canal were operated at substantially reduced levels (generally only one pump was operated and often no pumps were operated).

Therefore, the return to pre-operational conditions at the Effluent surveillance station and within the acute impact zone noted in previous reports (BECO,1986; 1987) was expected to continue during the first half of 1987.

The current report serves as a progress report that will be expanded upon in Semi-Annual Report No. 31, which will present and interpret results for the entire I

year. Results presented in the current report will focus on.interstation comparisons (i.e., Effluent vs. reference stations) to assess PNPS-related impacts. A variety of analytical techniques were used to assess PNPS impacts on benthic community structure. In addition, specific data on algal biomass, dominant fauna, and densities of selected species were analyzed and where appropriate, interpreted in a biological

- context.

Battelle's Project Manager for the PNPS algal and faunalinvestigations was Mr.

Mark Curran. Algal taxonomy was performed by Ms. Marne Nolan. Faunal taxonomy was conducted by Ms. Nancy Alff. Field logistics and collections were supervised by Mr. John Williams. Cove Corporation sorted the faunal samples. Additional personnel participating in this project included Dr. Ron Etter, Mr. Phillip Nimeskern, Mr. Robert Williams, Mr. Eugene Ruff, Mr. Russell Winchell, and Ms. Barbara Greene.

METHODS i

A detailed description of the field, iaooratory, and analytical procedures that {

pertain to the current report can be found in Semi-Annual Report No. 29 (BECO, ,

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' i 987).- As in previous samplings, five replicate 0.1089' m2 benthic samples were j collected with SCUBA at three sites: Effluent (EF),~ Manomet Point (MP), and Rocky l

Point (RP) (Figure 1).' The Manomet Point and Rocky Point stations were selected as reference sites. Quantitative samples were preserved in the' field and returned to the  :

laboratory,: where faunal and algal fractions were separated and analyzed.

~

' Qualitative transect data were collected using a fixed line ~ stretched offshore along the discharge canal centerline and a moveable line placed perpendicular to the fixed line. The transect was traversed by divers who noted the boundaries of the stunted and denuded Chondrus zones that extend offshore from the effluent canal.

Quantitative data.were analyzed on the Battelle VAX system using software that had i previously been used to analyze PNPS benthic data. i l

RESULT l J

Results of analyses of data collected from January through June 1987 are presented in this section. -

FAUNAL STUDIES .;

Systematics i

The March 1987 quantitative samples included three bivalve species . not previously collected, Mysella pianulata, Lyonsla granulifera and Mercenaria mercenaria. The taxonomic list for the three stations monitored during the course of

. the program includes 466 invertebrate species.

Species Richness j Species richness values for March 1987 are presented in Table i for all three stations. Data are presented as' total species per replicate for each station, with a mean value over all replicates at each station and a cumulative total representing f

pooled species numbers at each station. Because the. area included within each repilcate is 0.1089 m2, the cumulative species total at each station represents a total area of 0.5445 m2, L 3

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TABLE 1. 'FA U N AL SPE CIES RICH N ESS, M A R C H 1987.-

Station /' Num ber of Jackknifed Estimate Replicate No. - . Species (S) . Species Richness (t) Var (S)

(195 f, CI)

- Effluent -'

1 29 2 29-3 4

28 27 li 5 21-S 26.8 Total Species 42 51.6 17.53 7.36 I i

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.Manom et Point 1 36 '

2 43 3 38 4 31 1

5 37 '

1 S 37.0 l Total Species 55 65.4 18.31 8.96 .

Rocky Point 1 32 2 36 3 33 4 28 5 32 '

i 5 32.2

- Total Species 48 56.814.15 2.24 l

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S.= Average species per replicate.

f CI = Confidence interval. j Var ($) = Variance of the jackknifed estimate of species richness. i t

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In March 1987, the Manomet Point reference station had 55 species for pooled replicates, the highest number among the three stations. Manomet Point station was followed by Rocky Point with 48 species rnd the Effluent station with 42 species.

Average species per replicate (5) again ranked the Manomet Point station first (37.0),

followed by the Rocky Point station (32.2), and the Effluent station (26.8). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine if stations differed in the number of species present during the March 1987 survey. The results indicated that species richness varied significantly among the three sites (p = 0.0025, F = 10.3, di =

2,12). Because location influenced species richness, a multiple comparisons test (Scheffe's F-test) was used to determine which pairs of stations were different. The multiple comparisons test revealed that the Effluent station possessed significantly fewer species than did either Rocky Point or Manomet Point. The two reference stations were not statistically different.

The. Jackknifed estimate of species richness (S) (Heltsche and Forrester,1983) was also calculated for each of the three stations (Table 1). The jackknife procedure minimizes problems associated with missed (rare) species when estimating species richness from finite random samples of a population. The estimate is a function of the number of species present in a sample and the sum of unique species from each replicate. Unique is defined as those species present in only one replicate sample from a station. The 95% confidence intervals overlap among the three stations, indicating that species richness is not significantly different among sites. This is in contrast to the ANOVA results and suggests that the differences identified by the ANOVA reflect the contribution of rare species to the mean number of species at Manomet Point and Rocky Point.

Faunal Density Benthic macrofaunal densities per replicate and per square me ter were calculated for data collected in March 1987 and are presented in Table 2. Because of the tendency in the past for extremely high densities of juvenile mussels (Mytilus edulis) to obscure differences in faunal densities among the stations, data are {

presented both with and without Mytilus. In addition,logto (x) transformations of the data are presented.

Total faunal densities were highest at the Manomet Point station in March 1 1987, with replicate values ranging from 4208 to 8264 individuals (i = 6086.4). The 4

TABLE 2. FAUNAL DENSITY WITH AND WITHOUT MYTILUS EDULIS INCLUDED, MARCH 1987.

Mytilus edulis included Mytilus edulis excluded Station / Density Log to(x) Density Log lo(x)

Replicate No. (individuals) Density (Individuals) Density C

Effluent -

1 3040 3.483 2956 3.471 2 2432 3.386 2396 3.379 3 4096 3.612 3860 3.587 4 3120 3.494 3052 -3.485 5 4044 3.607 3936 3.595 i 3346.4 3.516 3240.0 3.503 m2 30,7g9 29,743 Manomet Point 1 8264 3.917 8012 3.904 2 6560 3.817 6200 3.792 l 3 5704 3.756 5544 3.744 l 4 5696 3.756 5404 3.733 5 4208 3.620 3892 3.590 '

i 6086.4 3.774 5810.0 3.753 m2 ' 55,873 53,339 Rocky Point 1 2976 3,474 2964 3.472 2 5256 3.721 5148 3.712 3 3732 3.572 3692 3.567 4 2120 3.326 2040 3.309 5 2324 3.366 2280 3.579 i 3281.6 3.492 3224.8 3.484 m2 30,125 29,603 i= Average density per rep!!cate.

m2 = Density per square meter.

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Effluent station ranked second, with replicate values ranging from 2432 to 4096

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individuals (x = 3346.4). The Rocky Point station exhibited the lowest faunal densities among the three stations, with replicate values ranging from 2120 to 5256 Individuals (x = 3281.6). Faunal densities per square meter ranged from 30,125 individuals at the Rocky Point station to 55,873 individuals at the Manomet Point station.

Differences in total faunal densities among the three stations were tested for significance by means of a one-way ANOVA, using log-transformed data to make the variance independent of the mean (Sokol and Rohlf,1969). A significant difference was noted among the three stations by the ANOVA procedure (P = .0063, F = 7.977, df

= 2,12). A subsequent multiple-range test (Scheffe's F-test) indicated that the densities at the Rocky Point and Effluent stations were significantly lower than those recorded at Manomet Point.

The relative ranks of the three stations remained unchanged when the March 1987 data were reexamined with Mytilus removed (Table 2). The Manomet Point station ranked first with a mean density of 5810 individuals, followed by the Effluent station with a mean density of 3240 individuals, and the Rocky Point station with a mean density of 3224.8 individuals.

A one-way ANOVA performed on log-transformed data with Mytilus removed, followed by a Scheffe's F multiple comparison test, provided results similar to those with Mytilus included. The ANOVA indicated that sites differed in mean density (P =

.009, F = 7.15, df = 2,12) and the multiple comparison test showed that the densities at the Effluent station and Rocky Point were lower than at Manomet Point.

Species Dominance The 15 numerically dominant species present in replicate samples collected at each station in March 1987 are shown in Table 3. Data are presented as average number per replicate and percent composition at each station. As has been the case during all previous samplings, replicate samples from all three stations contained high percentages of arthropods. This is typical of the rocky subtidal habitats sampled in ,

relation to this study (Davis and McGrath,1984). Eleven species were shared among the 15 dominant species present at each station.

Of the 15 dominant species in replicate samples from the Manomet Point l'

station in March 1987,11 were also found among the 15 dominant species in samples 8

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. TABLE 3. RANK ORDER OF ABUNDANCE FOR THE 13 DOMINANT TAXA IN

-g 5AMPLES COLLECTED IN MARCH 1987.

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Average ll Number per ~ Percent-

> > Station / Species Rep!!cate - of Total

' Effluent -)

3assa falcata - 1642.4 49.08 1 Ischyrocerus @ 443.2 13.24 1 Acarina 378.4 11.31 1 Dexamine thea~ 191.2 3.71 i M tous edGIs" 106.4 3.18 l vor sum acutum 96.8 2.89 If Idotes chosphorea 92.0 2.73 s Noaus laevinculus 76.0 2.27 '

Lacuna vincta 61.6 1.84-75nioiieneta snermis 32.8 1.38 2Cala e penantas 39.2 1.17 Corood'um anaid osum 37.6 1.12 Coroottum soneli 13.6 0.41 Corooh um spp. 12.0~ 0.36 Pa uruo acadianus 11.2 0.33 To o spec 4es N N Remaining Fauna - 27 spp. . 92.0 2.76 Total Fauna - 42 spp. 3346.4 100.00 Menomet Point .  ;

3assa falcata 2479.2 40.73 Ischyrocerus annulpes 1081.6 17.77 i Coroptuum acutum 449.6 7.39  ;

Acarina - 387.2 6.36 -l Mytilus edulls , 276.0 4.33 Dexamine then 213.2 3.34 ca ena penatas - 210.4 3.46 ans a acuieus 176.4 '2.90 '

Lacuna v'incta 172.8 2.84 Marmarites helicinus 81.6 1.34 lootes chosphorea 72.0 1.18 Eloides hotmest 72.0 1.18 i

,, Pleusym tesg 41.6 0.68 Pontomencia snermis 40.0 0.66 Corootuum nonelli 32.0 0.53 i Total of 1J 5pecaos - T/IT 5 N Remaining Fauna - 40 spp. 298.4 4.91 Total Fauna - 33 spp. 6086.4 100.00 Rocky Point i Ischyrocerus @ 639.2 20.09 Jassa taicata 300.0 13.24 Emine thea - 426.4 12.99 Acarina 281.6 8.38 Lacuna vincta 263.6 8.09 Pontomeneta inermis 238.4 7.87 Cin uta acuieus 131.2 4.00

sopaus laevtsculus 117.6 3.38 coroptuum acutum 108.0 3.29 Capre11a penantis 93.2 2.90 Mytous eduus 36.8 1.73

• CEoiTuum bonelli 33.6 1.63 Idotea phosphorea . 37.6 1.13 l r)hotocepnatus holbolli 31.2 0.95 Coropruum insidiosum 30.4 0.93 Total of 13 5pecaos 3032.6 ~~5T"51 Remaining Fauna - 33 spp. 228.8 6.98 Total Fauna - 48 spp. 3281.6 100.00 9

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a co!!ected at the Effluent station. The six dominant species at Manomet Point and the Effluent station 1(comprising 80.3, percent ~and 85.4 percent Jof the ' samples,-

respectively) .were the same, although the rank orders of all but the first two species -

(which comprise over 50 percent'of each sample) varied. Despite silghtly increasing "in' density compared with the Effluent station, both Acarina and Dexamine thea decreased in rank order at Manomet Point. This undoubtedly reflects the higher F- overall faunal' densities at Manomet Point. Corophium acutum increase'd three-fold in abundance and increased from the sixth most abundant at the Effluent site to the-

' third 4 most abundant at Manomet Point. Mytilus edulis was ranked fifth at both.

[< stations even though it was twice as abundant at Manomet Point. The tenth ranked species at Manomet Point, Magarites helicinus, was not found at the Effluent station.

The 15 dominant species observed at the Effluent station comprised 97 percent of 'the total fauna compared with 95 percent at Manomet Point.

i Rocky Point shared 13 of the 15 dominant species with the Effluent station in March 1987. The four most abundant species (Ischyrocerus anquipes, Jassa falcata, Dexamine thea, and Acarina) were identical between stations, differing only in rank

-order. Mytilus edulis was about equally abundant at Rocky' Point and the Effluent station, but dropped from fifth in rank at Effluent to tenth at Rocky Point. Lacuna vincta increased dramatically in both rank and abundance at Rocky Point. The species ranked fif teenth at the Effluent station (Pagurus acadianus,) was not found at-Rocky Point. The 15 dominant species observed at Rocky Point comprised approximately 93 percent of the total fauna collected in the five repilcates.

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' The patterns of species dominance described for the March 1987 sampling were tested for significant correlations between stations. All species among the top 15 dominants at each station were ranked according to their mean abundance over the three stations. These ranks were then used as input for the Spearman rank

. correlation procedure (Zar,1974); all three possible pairings were tested (EF vs. MP, EF vs. RP, MP vs. RP). The Spearman's procedure noted positive significant (P<0.05, two-tailed test) correlations between all three station pairs.

Species Diversity .i Shannon-Weiner diversity (H') and evenness (3') values were calculated for replicate and station data collected in March 1987. These values are presented in Tables 4 and 5. In the past, H' and 3' have been calculated for data with and without 10

I TABLE 4. INFORMATION THEORY DIVERSITY VALUES (SHANNON-WIENER) BY REPLICATE AND STATION MARCH 1987.

Replicate Manomet Point - Rocky Point Effluent H' J' M' J' M' J' i 1 2.95 0.57 3.44 0.69 3.10 0.64 1

2 3.36 0.62 3.74 0.72 2.78 0.57 3 3.02 0.57 3.30 0.65 2.43 0.51 4 2.65 0.53 3.60 0.75 2.87 0.60 ;

5 3.52 0.68 3.40 0.68 2.36 0.54 Station 3.14 0.54 3.77 0.68 2.75 0.51

)

TABLE 5. INFORMATION THEORY DIVERSITY VALUES (SHANNON-WIENER)

EXCLUDING MYTILUS EDUL5 BY REPLICATE AND STATION MARCH 1987.

Replicate Manomet Point Rocky Point Effluent H' J' H' J' H' 3' 1 2.84 0.55 3.41 0.69 3.01 0.62 2 3.23 0.60 3.67 0.72 2.71 0.56 3 2.91 0.56 3.25 0.65 2.24 0.47 '

4 2.48 0.51 3.50 0.74 2.78 0.59 5 3.39 0.66 3.33 0.67 2.24 0.52 L Station 3.01 0.52 3.71 0.67 2.63 0.49 Shannon-Wiener diversity, y'

p

== Evenness.

1 h

11 ,

h j Mytilus Edults because the Shannon-Wiener index is disproportionately influenced by-the presence iof: a single , overwhelmingly dominant . species. Mytilus? has often occurred in such high numbers that diversity patterns have been masked at all three stations.Although Table 3 shows that Mytilus .was not overly abundant.in comparison .

g ,

'with other dominant faunal species in March 1987, values calculated with and without Mytilus have been included in this report for consistency with past reports.

In March.1987, the Rocky Point station exhibited the highest species diversity 1 (H')'for total fauna (Table 4), with. an index value of 3.77-(range = 3.30 ' to 3.74),' j followed by the Manomet Point station with a value of 3.14 (range = 2.65' to 3.52), and the Effluent station with a value of 2.75 (range = 2.36 to 3.10). The same pattern was -

noted for evenness (3'), with the three stations exhibiting similar values.

Excluding Mytilus edulis from' the data (Table 5) decreased diversity slightly at j

- all three stations, but did not affect the rank order of stations according to species diversity. The. minor influence on species diversity when Mytilus edulis is removed is .

not surprising because, at most, it comprises only five percent of the community at i each site.

l' Hurlbert's (1971) expected species diversity index was calculated for pooled -

1 station data collected in March 1987. This procedure compares samples, or in this y case stations,' by reducing the number of individuals found at each station to' a common size (m). The number of individuals was varied (m =' 50, 400, 750,1000, and E 5000) because the number of species expected from 'a sample increases as the number i of individuals increases. Results of this procedure are presented in Table 6. It is apparent that the relationships among stations as determined by the Hurlbert's procedure are essentially the same as those determined by the Shannon-Wiener procedure. The Effluent station consistently had the lowest number of species.

Interestingly, the two reference stations switched rank order in number of species a i

present as the sample size increased. Rocky Point had a higher number of species q when sample sizes were small (50 and 400), but at 5000 individuals more species were present at Manomet Point.

Measures of Similarity By Replicate i

Two different normal cluster analyses were used on log transformed data (log 10

(

x+1) collected during March 1987. The first procedure is one of the most widely used (

12 f

1 I

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' TABLE 6. EXPECTED NUMBER OF ' SPECIES FOR POOLED STATION DATA USING .

RAREFIED SAMPLE SIZES OF M = 50,400,750,1000,5000.  !

Species . Species Species . - Species Species j Per 400 Per 750 Per 1000 - Per 5000 Per 50 .

Individuals - Individuals Individuals ~. Individuals Individuals

' Effluent '10.8 .22.3 26.9 29.1 39.5 Manomet 12.5- 27.0 32.3 34.3 48.6 Point Rocky . 14.7 28.5 32.3 34.8 45.6 Point

}

) 13 4

____________ _ _ _ _ a

indices in benthie ecology:- L the Bray-Curtis similarity coefficient combined with

. group average sorting. This procedure'tends to stress the importance of common or dominant species and all but eliminates rarer species from the analysis. The second measure of similarity, the Normalized Expected Species Shared (NESS) combined with flexible sorting, tends to emphasize the contribution of the less common species.

Because there is no universally accepted method for performing cluster analyses, use of Bray-Curtis and NESS provides greater insight into the data than either method alone.

The Bray-Curtis and NESS procedures performed on the March 1987 data-resulted in the similarity groupings presented in Figures 2 and 3. In the Bray-Curtis analysis, the five replicates from each station exhibited a high degree of similarity providing clear clusters for each site. The reference stations were marginally more similar to one another than to the Effluent station, yet the overall similarity among the three stations exceeded 75 percent. This indicates that few differences exist among the biotic communities at the three sites and relative to 1986, the Effluent station has become more similar to the two reference stations (Manomet Point and Rocky Point).

The NESS analysis provided a slightly different view. Although the replicates from the reference sites tended to cluster together and separate from the Effluent station, several of the replicates failed to cluster with others from the same location.

For instance, the fourth replicate from Manomet Point clustered with the Effluent replicates, whereas the first replicate from the Effluent station clustered with the reference replicates. Again, this indicates that the biotic community at the Effluent station is becoming more similar to that of the reference stations.

By Species Benthic faunal data collected during March 1987 were analyzed by inverse clustering procedures to identify species that exhibited similarities to one another based on their occurrence at each of the three stations. The Bray-Curtis procedure was used to produce the cluster groups shown in Figure 4. Species that occurred at fewer .han dx replicates were dropped from the analyses.

Five major species groups resulted from the cluster analyses performed on the March 1987 data (Figure 4). The first group (Group A) consisted of 12 species and was equal in size to Group B. Most of the species that composed Group A in March 14

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1987 have shown a tendency to' group together in previous cluster analyses (BECO, g 19'85;;198d; 71987),~ vindicating L that they1are:~ characteristic of all 'three stations

'theoughout the year.: In March :1987,- Group ~ A .was made u' p of species 'that .were .

, lpresent in all 15 samples' collected,'which accounts for the' similarity noted between these ' species by _the Bray-Curtis procedure.' The species that comprise the other four l j

l  : groups tend to be more unevenly' distributed among the sampics as shown by the' nodal'

analysis presented below.' D L

m l- a; Nodal Analysis l' i

l' Nodal analysis is a method for relating normal and inverse classifica.tions to aid -

?in the interpretation of cluster analyses (Boesch,1977). : This method itses two-way :

tables that show the replicate Jgroups on a vertical side _'and species groups on a .;

horizontal side. The point of the analysis is to measure constancy,' which is defined ,

e L as .a proportion d' erived from . the number of occurrences of a species group in a l replicate group as compared with the total possible occurrences. Nodal constancy forf

. the March 1987 data is presented in Figure 5. Replicate and species groups are based on cluster analyses..using the . Bray-Curtis procedure (Figures 2 and f4). For. the l

L .

' 1 purposes 'of . this analysis, the' . Rocky' Point and Manomet Point replicates were combined into a single replicate group-(Group 1) for' comparison with the Effluent replicates (Group 2). Constancy was. calculated for each cell (node) where a replicate group 'and a species. group intersect. A value of 1 resulted when all~ species of a-species' group occurred in all replicates of a replicate group; a value of 0 resulted ,

when none of the species in a species group occurred in any replicates of a replicate group.

The nodal analysis performed on March 1987 data showed that Species Group A-was characteristic of all three stations sampled in the vicinity of PNPS (Figure 5). '!

Group A exhibited complete constancy for both replicate groups (1.0). As was f pointed out earlier in this report, the species of this group have tended to show a high degree of similarity to one another during past samplings (BECO, 1985; 1986; 1987). _

.l

- It should also be noted that many of these species consistently appear among the dominant species at all three stations. -

The nodal analysis also explains the low degree of similarity between the reference stations (Group 1) and the Effluent station (Group 2). Figure 5 shows that i Species Group D was highly constant among the reference station replicates (0.60) 18 i 1

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FIGURE 5. NODAL ANALYSIS OF CONSTANCY FOR SPECIES AND

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REPLICATE GROUPS DETERMINED FOR MARCH 1987.

19

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t but only moderatelyJconstant. at th( Effluent' station (0.40). A' similar situation i existed for Species' Group E, which was highly. constant at- the. reference stations

'(0.65) but. exhibited low constancy at the Effluent station (0.10). Of the two species in. Group E, only Pholoe minuta occurred in'Rehlicate Group 2. That occurrence was .

at. Effluent Replicate 2. Observations regarding the_ patterns of constancy;for various.

species groups help define the causes underlying the difference between the Effluent -

station and the reference statio'ns.

ALGAL STUDIES l

L

-Systematics No additions ,to the cumulative algal species list ' presented in Semi-Annual.

L Report No.16 (BECO,1980) nave been made as a result of analysis of the March 1987 L .-- samples. Species identifications and taxonomic determinations were based on the works of Taylor (1957), Dawson (1966), South (1976), and Bold and Wynne (1978).

l Algal Community Description l

l .

The rock and cobble substrata found at the Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent stations were heavily colonized by red macroalgae during the March 1987 collections.. Blomass of Chondrus crispus was highest at the Effluent station and-lowest at the Rocky Point station. Lowest biomass of Phyllophora -spp. was also recorded at the Rocky Point station, with as highest relative biomass occurring at the Manomet Point station. Epiphytic algal species were observed at all three stations in March 17 87. Chondrus crispus and Phyllophora spp. were the primary host species, but other benthic species, including Ahnfeltia plicata, Polyides rotundus, and Corallina officinalis also served as hosts for epiphytes. Red macroalgae of the class Rhoc.@.vta were the most abundant epiphytes in terms of species numbers and biomasc. Tre most commonly observed epiphytic species were Spermothamnion t repens, C.,stocloniar)) purpurem, Ceramium rubrum, and Phycodrys rubens.

Gracilar3 tikvnlae, considered an important indicator of warm-water habitats, l

.was not collected in rf of the replicate samples in March 1987. In addition, during the 1987 transect surveys, Gracilaria tikvahiae was never observed within the i denuded and stunted zones. This observation, linked with the power oatage 20 l

l s

I experienced by PNPS since. April 1986, again demonstrated the association that has been recorded'in the past (BECO,1986) between the ' thermal effluent and the occurrence of Gracilaria tlkvahiae. Gracilaria has typically been observed within the iacute impact zone only during periods when the thermal component of the PNPS  !

effluent is present.

. Algal Community Overlap Community overlap was calculated for the March 1987 data using Jaccard's Coefficient of Community (Greig-Smith,1964) to measure the similarity in algal ,

~

species composition among the Manomet Point, Effluent, and Rocky Point stations. '!

The coefficient provides a mathematical evaluation of the similarity between two j replicates or stations using only species occurrence, without making reference to'any I i differences in the abundance of the species observed. Species occurrence records of l the 38 indicator species were used for all community overlap calculations.

Resuits of community overlap comparisons between replicate samples for each ,

station for the March 1987 collecting period are presented in matrix form in Figure 6.

Ranges of replicate overlap were 52.6 to 84.6 percent at the Manomet Point station, 66.7 percent to 36.7 percent at the Rocky Point station, and 42.1 to 80.0 percent at the. Effluent . station. The Manomet Point and Rocky Point stations showed the highest overlap between stations at 77.2 percent. Manomet Point and the Effluent station had the lowest overlap between stations at 66.7 percent. The community overlap between stations indicated that the Effluent station differed from the Rocky Point and Manomet Point stations, but that there was a high degree of homogeneity

(> 60 percent)in terms of species occurrence between all three stations.

Algal Blomass l Chondrus crispus Blomass. Chondrus crispus biomass values calculated for the

- Manomet Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent stations for March 1987 are presented in Table 7. In March 1987, the range of individual biomass was greatest at the Effluent station (10.10-315.15 g/m2), followed by the Manomet Point station (7.80-188.83 g/m2), and the Rocky Point station (0.92-109.61 g/m2). At the Manomet Point, l Rocky Point, and Effluent stations, the mean Chondrus biomass made up 34 percent, 22 percent, and 52 percent of the total algal biomass, respectively.

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The Effluent station had the highest mean biomass value for Chondrus (172.35 g/m2), followed by the Manomet Point station (124.79 g/m2), and the Rocky Point ,,,

station (32.92 g/m2). An ANOVA followed by a multiple comparison test (Scheffe's F-test) showed no significant differences between any of the stations when mean Chondrus biomass values were compared.

Phyllophora spp. Biomass. Phyllophora spp. biomass values for the March 1987 collecting period are given in Table 7. The range of individual biomass was greatest at the Manomet Point station (106.67-371.79 g/m2), followed by the Rocky Point station (27.54-185.90 g/m2), and the Effluent station (80.32-203.80 g/m2),

Phyllophora spp. made up 59 percent of the total algal biomass at the Manomet Point station, followed by the Rocky Point station (51 percent), and the Effluent station (40 percent).

The Manomet Point station had the highest mean biomass value for Phyllophora spp. at 218.89 g/m2 . Mean Phyllophora. spp. biomass at the Effluent station equaled I 132.78 g/m2 , followed by the Rocky Point station with 76.10 g/m2 An ANOVA (p = .0278, F = 4.899, df = 2,12) followed by a multiple comparison test indicated a i significant difference in Phyllophora spp. biomass between the Manomet Point and Rocky Point stations.

Biomass of Remaining Benthic Species. The algal biomass category designated romaining benthic species (RBS)is composed of all benthic algae excluding Chondrus crispus, Phyllochora, spp., Laminaria spp., and algal epiphytes. Polyides rotundus, Ahnfeltia plicata, Coraliana officianalis, and Chaetornor2h a spp. were important benthic species at all three stations. Sphacelaria cirrosa was present only at the Effluent station.

Biomass data for the RBS for March 1987 are presented in Table 7. The Effluent station had the highest range of RBS biomass values (0.83-69.77 g/m2), with the Rocky Point station ranked second (12.76-32.77 g/m2), and the Manomet Point l station ranked third (0.73-7.71 g/m2 ). The highest mean biomass values occurred at the Rocky Point station (23.83 g/m2), with the Effluent and Manomet Point stations ]

equaling 17.04 g/m 2 and 3.23 g/m2 , respectively. No significant differences existed between the stations in March 1987 when comparing RBS biomass (at p = .05). 4 Epiphytic Algal Biomass. Epiphytic algal biomass values for March 1987 are presented in Table 7. During this program, epiphytes have traditionally been noted to be more abundant on Phyllophora spp, than on Chondrus crispus. One explanation for i this phenomenon has been that Phyliophora sp. can support a greater biomass of algal 24

l l

epiphytes as a result of its sturdier morphology (BECO,1986). In March 1987, mean epiphytic biomass values were highest at the Manomet Point station (25.58 g/m2 ),

followed by the Rocky Point station (17.50 g/m2), and the Effluent station (9.79 l g/m2). No significant differences were noted between the three stations for ]

epiphytic biomass (at p = .05).

]

Total Algal Blomass. Total mean algal biomass for March 1987 is given in Table

{

7. The Manomet Point station had the highest biomass value (372.49 g/m2), followed

]

by the Effluent station (331.95 g/m2), and the Rocky Point station (150.35 g/m2),

Individual replicate ranges for total algal biomass in March 1987 at the Manomet i Point, Rocky Point, and Effluent stations were 310.92-420.17 g/m2, 74.08-351.51 g/m2, and 195.54-439.73 g/m2, respectively. Total algal biomass values were tested for significant differences among stations using a one-way ANOVA followed by a multiple comparison test. A significant difference was observed (p = .0051, 4

F = 8.483, df = 2,12) between the Rocky Point station and both the Effluent and Manomet Point stations. This difference probably reflected the reduced Phyllophora spp. biomass at the Rocky Point station noted earlier.

Chondrua/Phyllophora Colonization Index Study Colonization values for Chondrus crispus and Phyllophora spp. in March 1987 are presented in Table 8. Colonization values are determined for the primary host species (Chondrus and Phyllophora spp.) and refer to the abundance of algal epiphytes or invertebrate species colonizing the two hosts. A numerical grade from 1 to 4 is given for each host for flora and fauna, with a score of I denoting minimal colonization of the host species by invertebrates or algae and a score of 4 indicating over 75 percent colonization. The Colonization Index values presented in Table 10 represent the sum of replicate values for both algal and faunal colonization for each station.

! An inspe.ction of the data presented in Table 9 indicates that Phyllophora spp.

is more heavily colonized with both algae and fauna than Chondrus. This has been

) typical of previous samplings. The colonization values for Phyllophora spp. were greatest at the Manomet Point station, which correlates well with earlier observations regarding total epiphytic biomass. 1 25

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T A B L E 9. COLO NIZATIO N .IN DE X VALUES FOR CHONDRUS C RISP US AND PHYLLOPHORA SPP. FCR THE MAN 0 MET P OIN T, ROCXY P OIN T. AND E F.FL U E N T . SU BTID A L (10' MLW)

STATIO NS FO R M A R CH 1987.

Species Station Colonization Index Chondrus crispus Manomet Point 10 Rocky Point 11 Effluent 10 Phyllophora spp.

Manomet Point 24 Rocky Point 20 l

Effluent 16 i i

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{, 6 QUALITATIVE TRANSECT SURVEY a.

c The qualitative transect surveys of acute nearfield impact zones were initiated .

z in January 1980 and have been conducted quarterly since 1982. Two surveys were -

performed (March 25 and June 9).during the current reporting period, bringing. the -

' total surveys conducted hince 1980 to 26. For a comprehensive review of the results of surveys conducted from January 1980 to June 1983, see Semi-Annual Report 22 ts Boston Edison Co. (BECO,1983).' Detailed results of the mapping conducted in March -

and June 1987 are presented in the next two sections.

' March 1.987 Transect Survey i  %

~

The extent of the denuded and stunted areas immediately offshore from PNPS, as measured on March 25, 1987, is shown in Figure 7. As in previous reports, the

- denuded zone was defined as being essentially _ devoid of Chondrus crispus; whereas the' stunted zone was defined as having Chondrus of decreased size and density compared with conditions considered normal for this species. These operational definitions must be modified somewhat while taking measurements to the -lef t (northwest) of the discharge canal because shallower water depth in this area precludes normal Chondrus development.

In March 1987, the _ denuded zone extended approximately 78 meters offshore along the. centerline of the. effluent discharge canal. As in previous years, the denuded zone was expanded to a greater extent northwest of the transect line, ranging in lateral extent from 5 to 18 meters. One prominent peak at 30 m was observed on the northwest side. The southeast portion of the denuded zone was of relatively uniform width (except for a reduced area at 30 m), averaging about 5

. meters out from the tresect line. During the qualitative survey, algal species noted as being present within the Chondrus denuded zone included Ulva lactuca and -

Polysiphonia spp. A large boulder that is nearly exposed at mean low water, and that  ;

is used as a landmark by the dive team and the Division of Marine Fisheries dive  ;

team, is plotted in Figure 7 and serves as a visual fix for the proper placement of our transect line. 'f The stunted zone in March 1987 extended 80 meters offshore along the discharge centerline. Like the denuded zone, the stunted zone was much broader on  !

4 the northwest side of the transect line. The southeast portion of the stunted zone was narrow, averaging approximately 6 meters out from the transect line. )

1 28 f

= _ - _ . -

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- 60 N

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- 40 l l

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- 10 i

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i i i i i i 1 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 Meters - i 1

Il Figure 7. Configuration of Denuded and Stunted Zones for March 25,1987 l 29 l 1

i 3

The total area encompassed by the denuded zone in March 1987-was'676 m2, a-10 percent reduction of the denuded zone as compared with December 1986 (753 m2).

~

The stunted zone observed in March 1987 equaled 176 m2, a'58 percent reduction in the. size.of the-stunted zone since December 1986.(421 m2). The total nearileid

Impact area for the March 1987 transect survey equaled 852 m2,27 percent less than that measured in December 1986.

June 1987 Transect Survey Results of the transect mapping for June 9,1987 are presented in Figure 8. The

denuded zone. extended approximately 60 m.along the transect line in June 1987. The southeast extent of this zone ranged from 0 to 10 m, and the northwest ranged from'0 to 9 m. The prominent peak noted on the northwest portion of the denuded zone in ,

March had disappeared in June. The stunted zone observed in June 1987 extended approximately 70 m offshore along the discharge centerline. The stunted zone ranged in width from 1 m on the southeast side to 5 m on.the northwest side. I Divers experienced difficulty in distinguishing the stunted and denuded zones in June 1987 because of the high degree of algal recovery associated with the prolonged outage at PNPS.- The clear demarcations typical of the zonal boundaries in past

surveys were not present, and the zones themselves .were not uniformly stun'ted and denuded (i.e., stunted Chondrus growth was observed within the denuded zones as well as normal Chondrus growth within the stunted zone). Laminaria spp. was observed within the acute impact zone, indicating the lack'of thermal effluent from PNPS 1 (BECO,1987). No Gracilaria spp. was seen within the acute impact zone.

The total area contained within the denuded zone in June 1987 was 179 m2, a 74 l percent decrease compared with March 1987. An additional 284 m2 was contained within the stunted zone, for a total nearfield impact area of 463 m2. This represents a 61 percent increase in the size of the stunted zone and an 46 percent reduction in the size of the total Impact area since March 1987. The dramatic decrease in size of q the total acute impact zone is directly associated with the continuing outage at I PNPS.

DISCUSSION Efforts to assess the impact of the thermal effluent on algal and faunal communities near the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station have been complicated in recent 30

l-.

i Meters

-- 80 N g l

- 70

- 60 Chondrus

. Stunted Zone Chondrus Boulder ~~ 50 }

Denuded Zone p.

Sparse Chondrus "'" I

- 40 l and Fucus Growth Chondrus Growth l I

Scatterd Chondrus Growth (3 i

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Figure 8. Configuration of Denuded and Stunted Zones for June 9,1987 31

years' by the fluctuating operation of the station. PNPS has experienced drastic minima and maxima in the level of reactor output from 1983 through the current reporting period.

Fluctuations in PNPS operations have resulted in various departures from the typical relationships between the Effluent and reference stations sampled as part of this study. These responses were summarized in Semi-Annual Report No. 29 (BECO, 1987) and, therefore, will not be repeated in detail here. In general, impacts on the benthic communities during " normal" operations have included a subtle variation between the surveillance and reference stations. This variability has focused primarily on the less dominant components of the Effluent station communities. In I addition, a distinct acute impact zone that fluctuates in lateral and offshore extent in response to variations in PNPS output developed in the area immediately adjacent to the discharge canal .

As was noted earlier, the data analyzed for this report were collected during the longest power outage ever experienced at PNPS (approximately 18 months at the time of report submission). We would intuitively expect some level of recovery from impacts associated with the thermal effluent given such an extended period of time when no discharge was present. Data presented in this report confirm that significant changes have begun to occur near the discharge canal, and these changes indicate both a shift in the community parameters at the Effluent station and dramatic recovery within the acute impact zone.

Faunal communities observed at the quantitative Effluent station have typically exhibited a low degree of similarity (< 60 percent noted through Bray-Curtis cluster analyses) with the reference stations. However, beginning in 1984 similarity between l

the Effluent and reference stations increased slightly to levels exceeding 70 percent.

The increase in similarity among the stations was attributed to 1984 when the power plant was not operating. In 1985, thermal discharge resumed causing a slow decline in the similarity among stations. (BECo,1986). Data from the first half of 1987 (Figure 2) again shows a dramatic increase in the level of similarity between the j surveillance and reference stations (>75 percent) that appears to be directly related I to the extended outage at PNPS. ,

The most significant observation concerning algal communities at the f quantitative Effluent station in March 1987 was the absence of Gracilaria tikvahiae from replicate samples. This observation correlates well with results from previous l years, when Gracilaria was shown to be a sensitive indicator of the presence of the 32

l

' thermal. discharge (BECO,1987). As in the past, biomass values for the major algal

. categories failed to show any patterns of variation that would ~1ndicate <a significant impact, either positive or negative, in response to the 1986-1987 outage. This 1

l situation is analogous to densities observed for the faunal communities, where PNPS impact is subtle and presence or absence of the thermal discharge does not result in a -  !

distinct response.

Recovery in response to the 1986-1987 outage has been most significant within the' acute impact zone observed during the diver transect surveys. , A 46 percent reduction in the total impact area from March to June 1987 resulted in the smallest total area recorded since the surveys began in 1980. The time-series data available from the transect surveys (26 data points from seven years) provide'an excellent picture of the response of the acute impact zone to the level of PNPS operations. It may be useful, in the future, to model. the response of this ' area over time in an i' attempt to predict the overall impact of proposed increases in PNPS capacity.

It will be interesting to compare observations noted in the first half of 1987 with results from the second half of the year to determine'the extent of recovery in the vicinity of PNPS. Presumably, similarity between the reference and surveillance l

stations will continue to increase and the acute impact eene will continue to decrease as long as PNPS is not operating. The period of time required for complete recovery is, at this time, unknown. These statements must be considered with the fact that PNPS is scheduled to start up before the end of 1987. Semi-Annual Report 31 (due April 1988) will expand on these issues in greater detail.

1 l

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LITER ATURE CITED Lu p Boesch, ' D.F. 1977.-

Application of .num erical classification in . ecological

' ~ investigations of water pollution ,U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EP A Report 600/3-77-033.114 pp.

Bold, H.C. and M.J. Wynne.1978. Introduction to the Algal Structure and

- Reproduction. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 706 pp.

Boston Edison Co.1980. L Marine ecology studies related to operation of Pilgrim Station. Semi- Annual Report No.16, 1983. Marine ecology studies related to operation of' Pilgrim . Station.

Semi- Annual Report No. 22.

1985. LMarine ecology studies .related to operation of Pilgrim Station.

Semi- Annual Report No. 26.

1986. Marine ecology studies'mlated to operation of Pilgrim Station.

Semi- Annual Report !!o. 27.

1987. Marine ecology studies related to operation of Pilgrim Station.

Semi- Annual Report No. 29. '

~ Davis, J.D. and R.A. McGrath.1984. Some aspects of neanhore benthic macrofauna-in western Cape Cod Bay. Ln: Observations on the Ecolony and Bioloay of Western Cape Cod Bay. Massachusetts. Lecture Notes on Coastal and )

Estuartne Studies. John D. Davis and Daniel Merriman (Ed.) Springer-Verlag, New York,228 pp.

- Dawson, E.Y.1966.

Marine Botany An Introduction. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York. 371 pp. '

Grieg-S mith, ' P. 1964. Quantitative Plant Ecology. 2nd E d. B utterworths, Washington. 256 pp.

H eltshe, J.F. and N.E. Forrester. 1983. Estimating species richness using the jackknife procedure. Biometrics. 3_9: 1-11.

Hurlbert, S.H.1971. The nonconcept of species diversity: a critique and alternative '

parameters. Ecology. 5_2: 577-586.

Sokol, R.R. and F. Rohlf. 1969. Bio m etry.

W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco. 775 pp.

South,. G.R.

1976. A checklist of marine aMae of eastern Canada. 1st Revision.

Jour. M ar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 5_6,: 81'-843. {

Taylor, W. R.1957. Marine Algae of the Northeastern Coast of North A merica.

{

University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich. 509 pp, t Zar, J.H.1974. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice-H all, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 620 pp. l 1

34

l s.

\

Ichthyoplankton Entrainment Monitoring i

.at Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station

-January - June 1987 Submitted to  !

Boston Edison Company Boston, Massachusetts by Marine Research, Inc.

Falmouth, Massachusetts September 15, 1987 revised October 6, 1987 f'

i-1 I

1

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L

TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1

SUMMARY

1 11 INTRODUCTION 2 l

III' METHODS 3 IV RESULTS 11 i

Y LITERATURE CITED 17 APPENDIX A* Densities of fish eggs and larvae per 100 m3 of water recorded in the PNFS  ;

discharge canal by species, date, and replicate, January-June 1987. Al APPENDIX'B Mean monthly densities and range per ~

100 m' of water for the dominant species of fish eggs and larvae entrained at i PNPS, January-June 1975-1987. B1 .

l

• Available upon request.

r LIST OF FIGURES i FIGURE PAGE 1 Entrainment sampling station in PNPS discharge canal. 4 2 Location of entrainment contingency plan sampling stations. 10 1

i l

LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE j 1 Species of fish eggs (E) and larvae (L) obtained in ichthyoplankton collections from the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station discharge canal, January-June 1987. 12 L

r ;4

'I SECT 10N 1.

I SIDMARY Ichthyoplankton entrainment samples.were collected 1from the~ Pilgrim

-Nuclear' power Station. discharge canal in triplicate twice-per month'in-Januaryfand February, weekly from March through June. Sampling was not conducted inEApri1^due toLeirculating seawater pump shutdown. Sampling

'in-May;and June was. completed primarily.with only.one or.two: Salt. Service.

.\: ,j Water' System pumps operatingt i Through:the first six months of. 1987, 27. species were identified'in

[ the.ichthyoplankton samples; 12 were represented by eggs, 20 by larvae.

Ths winter-early(spring spawning period (January-April) was represented

~

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.primarily by' Atlantic cod ~and winter flounder eggs as well as rock gunnel l

and sculpin larvae. May and June collections reflected the late' spring-

' summer spawners consisting larEely of labrid, mackerel, and rockling eggs-L plus seasnail, winter flounder, rockling, menhaden, and tautog larvae.

L in general,~ January-June 1987 egg densities were within the range of l

monthly densities observed over the 1975-1986 period. However, several l-species of larvae, including sand lance, radiated shanny, sculpin, mackerel, and winter flounder appeared to be uncommon, based on past results.

I No contingency sampling due to unusually high densities was required between January and June 1987, and no lobster larvae were found.

b l

- 1

SECTION 11 INTRODUCTION This progress report briefly summarizes results of ichthyoplankton entrainment sampling conducted at the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station (PNPS) from January through June 1987 by' Marine Research, Inc. (MRI) for Boston Edison Company (BECo) under Purchase Order No. 63653. A more detailed report covering all 1987 data will be prepared following the July-December ,

collection' periods. I i

I

(

l i

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1

1 SECTION 111 METil0DS Entrainment sampling at PNPS for January-June 1987 consisted of collecting triplicate samples twice monthly in January.and February followed by weekly sets of triplicates from March through June. Sampling completed during January through March utilized rigging mounted approximately 30 meters from the dis- '

charge canal headwall as in past years (Figure 1). In late March the single  !

circulating seawater pump in operation since an extended plant outage began j i

April 1986 was shut down. Because of this no sampling was conducted in April,

-l but beginning in May and continuing through June collections were made while

! one or two Salt Service Water System (SSWS) pumps were in operation. By samp-I ling for 30-40 minutes per rep 1.icate upstream of the usual location nearer the f headwall, 100 m8 of water continued to be filtered for each sample. On two occasions (May 30, June 25) sampling was conducted while one main seawater l' pump was in operation for brief periods. All collections were made with a 0.333-mm mesh, 60-cm diameter plankton net fitted with a General Oceanics Model 2030R digital flowmeter. When only SSWS pumps were operating, a Model I

2030R2 meter was used since it is more sensitive to low flow.

All samples were preserved in 10*.* Formalin and returned to the laboratory for microscopic analysis. Fish eggs and larvae were identified to the lowest distinguishable taxonomic category and counted. Common and scientific names followed Robins et al. (1980). In most cases, species were identifiable.  !

t

[

l' In certain cases, however, eggs--particularly in the early stages of develop-1 l ment--could not be identified at the species level in the preserved samples.

I In such cases, species were grouped. A brief description of each of these egg groupings is given below.

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• Gadidac-Glyptocephalus group (Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua; haddock Melanogrammus acelefinus; pollock, Pollachius virens; and witch flounder, )

i i

Glyptocephalus cynoglossus): egg diameters overlap, no oil globule i present. Stage 111' eggs (those containing embryos whose tails have.

grown free of the yolk; Ahlstrom and Counts 1955) are separated based on relative size and pigmentation combinations. Haddock eggs are diffi-cult to identify until shortly before hatching (late stage III). Because of this, some early stage III haddock eggs may have beer, identified as cod eggs. This error should be quite small judging from the relatively low numbers of late stage III haddock eggs and haddock larvae collected at PNPS. The gadidae-Cryptocephalus grouping was not considered necessary in January and February because it is unlikely that witch flounder spawn during these months (Fahay 1982) and haddock spawning is not likely to i- occur in peak numbers during January and February (Hardy 1978). All eggs of the gadidae-Glyptocephalus type were therefore classified as either cod or pollock based on differing egg diameters during those two months.

• Enchelyopus-Urophycis-Peprilus group (fourbeard rockling, Enchelyopus cimbrius; hake, Urophycis spp.; and butterfish, Peprilus triacanthus):

egg and oil globule diameters overlap. Stage III eggs are separated based on differences in embryonic pigmentation.

• Merluccius-Stenotomus-Cynoscion group (silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis);

~

scup, Stenotomus chrysops; and weakfish, Cynoscion regalis): egg and oil globule diameters overlap. Stage III eggs are separated based on differences in embryonic pigmentation.

} s

• Labridac-Limanda group (tautog, Tautoca onitis; cunner, Tautocolabrus adspersus; and yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea): no oil globule present, egg diameters overlap. Stage III eggs are separated into labridae and yellowtail flounder based on differences in embryonic pigmentation. A high percentage of the two species of labrid eggs are distinguishable, but only with individual, time-consuming measri:. ment (Marine Research 1977). Labrid eggs are therefore grouped in all three stages of development in PNPS samples.

• Paralichthys-Scophthalmus group (fourspot flounder, Paralichthys oblongus, and windowpane, Scophthalmus aouosus): oil globule and egg diameters as well as pigmentation are quite similar. Separation of these two species, even at Stage III, remains uncertain. They are therefore grouped in all cases.

Eggs of the bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli) and striped anchovy (Anchoa hepsetus) are easily distinguishable, but their larvae are not. Eggs of these fishes were therefore listed by species while the larvae are listed simply as Anchoa spp.

Several other groups of eggs and larvae were not identified to species because adequate descriptions of each species are not available at this time.

These groupings are as follows:

• Urophycis spp. - consists of the red hake (U_. chuss), the spotted hake (U. regia), and the white hake (U. tenuis). Most larvae (and eggs) in this genus collected at PNPS are probably red hake (see summary in Hardy 1978).

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. 1 6

f

. .Menidia spp. consists of the inland silverside (M. beryllina) and Atlantic silverside (M. menidia). Atlantic silverside larvae are

.probably more likely to occur as far north as Plymouth based on their more northerly distribution.

• Ammodytes sp. - No species designation was given the sand lance because considerable taxonomic confusion exists in the literature (see for example Richards et al. 1963; Scott, 1968, 1972; Winters 1970; Fahay 1983). Meyer et al. (1979) examined adults collected on Ste11wagen Bank and classified them as A. americanus (= A. hexapterus). This population is probably the source of larvae entrained at PNPS.

)

- Prionotus spp. - consists of the northern searobin (P. carolinus) and the striped searobin (P. evolans). ,

l Larval rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), cunner, and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) were classified.into three or four arbitrary developmental stages because these species have been of particular interest in studies at PNPS. These developmental stages and corresponding length ranges are given below. I Rainbow smelt Stage I - from hatching until the yolk sac is fully absorbed (5-7 mm TL).

Stage II - from the end of stage I until dorsal fin rays become visible (6-12 mm TL). l 7

Stage III - from the end of stage II onward (11.5-20 mm TL). ]

l 1

l I

1 l

l 7

l

cunner Definitions of developmental stages are the same as for smelt larvac.

l Observed size ranges for each stage are: stage 1, 1.6-2.6 mm TL; stage II, 1.8-6.0 mm TL; stage III, 6.5-14 mm TL.

Winter flounder Stage I - from hatching until the yolk sac is fully absorbed (2.3-2.8 mm TL).

Stage II - from the end of stage I until a loop or coil forms in the gut (2.6-4 mm TL).

Stage 111 - from the end of stage 11 until the Icft eye migrates past the midline of the head during transformation (3.5-8 mm TL).

l l Stage IV - from the end of stage Ill onward (7.3-8.2 mm TL).

l Generally entire samples were examined for fish larvae and all but the most abundant types of fish eggs. When a species was especially abundant, subsamples were obtained with a plankton splitter modified from Motoda (1959; see also Van Guelpen et al. 1982). Samples collected from May through October were examined completely for larval lobster (Homarus americanus).

When the Cape Cod Bay ichthyoplankton study was completed in 1976, a contingency sampling plan was added to the entrainment monitoring program.

This plan was designed to be implemented if eggs or larvae of any dominant species proved to be " unusually abundant" in the PNPS discharge samples.

" Unusually abundant" was defined as any mean density, calculated over three replicates, which was found to be 50% greater than the highest mean density observed during the same month from 1975 through 1986.

8

The contingency sampling plan consisted of taking additional sets of triplicates from the PNPS discharge on subsequent dates to monitor the temporal extent of the unusual density. An optional offshore sampling regime was also established to study the spatial distribution of the species in question. The offshore contingency program consisted of single, oblique I tows at each of 13 stations (Figure 2) on both rising and falling tides for a total of 26 sampics. Any contingency sampling required authorization from the Boston Edison Senior Marine Fisheries Biologist.

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10

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SECTION IV RESULTS Population densities per 100 m8 of water for each species listed by date, station, and replicate are presented for the January-June period of 1987 in Appendix A (available upon request). The occurrence of eggs and larvae of each species by month appears in Table 1.

Ichthyoplankton taken during January through March (and April) typically represent winter-early spring spawning fishes. The number of species present in the collections amounted to six in January, seven in February, and eight

[ in March. Samples contained relatively few egge since species contributing most to entrainment during the period spawn demersal, adhesive eggs which are generally not subject to entrainment. Only Atlantic cod eggs were found in January and February with monthly mean densities of 0.1 per 100 m 3 of water in both cases. March samples contained primarily winter flounder eggs with a monthly mean density of 47.7 per 100 m8 , accounting for 97.4% of the egg catch. Atlantic cod eggs continued to be taken and, assuming they contributed most to the gadidae-Cryptocephalus egg grouping, a mean density of 0.9 per 100 m2 accounted for all remaining eggs. Since winter flounder eggs are demersal and adhesive, their densities in the PNPS discharge canal cannot be considered representative of densities in the waters around Rocky Point.

Those which were collected from the discharge canal were probably dislodged l

from the bottom by currents or perhaps fish.

Larval collections during the winter-early spring period consisted primarily of rock gunnel (Pholis gunnellus), and sculpin (Myoxocephalus spp.).

l Larval rock gunnel represented 25.4% of the January catch, 25.6% of the l 11

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L February; catch,;and 42.9% of.the March catch; monthly mean densities were 0.5,; 4.7, and 3.4 pr.r 100 m _ of water, respectively. ,Sculpin contributed 8

17.1".'ofLthe larvae;in January, 66.8% in February,-and 52.4%-in March. For these species pooled monthly mean densities amounted to 0.3, 12.3,'and 4.2 per 100-m8 of water, respectively. Among the three species of sculpin. larvae,.

~

grubby (Myoxocephalus aenaeus) were dominant, accounting fer 74.3T. of-all sculpin.taken during the three-month period. Shorthorn sculpin (M_. scorpius) ranked second at'21.8% and longhorn sculpin (M. octode'cemspinosus) third at 3 . 9 T. ... Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus harengus) contributed over half the larvae taken in January (51.9%), but at that time densities of all. species i

were very low; the monthly herring mean.was 1.0 per 100 m 8 of water, j May and. June collections (along with July) consist of late' spring-summer spawning species. Overall 17 species were represented in May, 18 in June.

~

R

. Egg collections were' dominated by the 1abrids, mackerel (Scomber scombrus),

and fourbeard rockling. The labrids, including the labrid-Limanda group,

, accounted for 18.9T. of the eggs taken in May, 94.4% of those taken in June; mean monthly densities were 21.0 and 5276.9 per 100 m 8

, respectively.

Atlantic mackerel represented an additionci 32.4% of the catch in May with a mean density of 36.1 per 100 m3 of water, and 2.2T. in June with a mean of 122.6 per 100 m8 . Including eggs classified as Enchelyopus-Urophycis-Peprilus, fourbeard rnekling contributed 33.5% of the May egg total with a monthly mean of 37.3 per 100 m8 and 0.8% of the June total with a monthly mean of 43.6 per 100 m8 . The relatively low densities ci late-stage yellowtail flounder i

and hake eggs as well as the absence of larvae of these species in May and {

June suggests that the majority of the grouped eggs were labrids and rockling, respectively.

I i

14 f

Numerical dominants among the larvae were seasnails (Liparis americanus)

'I and winter flounder in May followed by fourbeard rockling, Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), and tautog in June. Seasnails accounted for 48.2T. of all. larvae-taken in May with a monthly mean density of 16.0 per 100 m 3 of water. Winter flounder added 37.0% of the total with a mean of 10.2 per 100 m' of water. In June rockling accounted for 41.97. of the larvae with a monthly mean density of 6.4 per 100 m a; menhaden followed with 1.7 per 100 m3 accounting for 17.97. of the total. Tautog ranked third with a mean density of 2.3 per_100 m , representing an additional 15.2T. of all larvae.

2 l Appendix B lists mean monthly densities for each of the numerical domi-nants collected over the January-June period dating back to 1975. A general review of the data through the first half of 1987 suggests that egg densities on a species-by-species basis were within the range of monthly mean densities observed from 1975 through 1986. Several species of larvae, on the other hand, were relatively uncommon in the 1987 samples. This was true for sand lance in January, February, March, and May; rock gunnel in March and May; radiated shanny (Ulvaria subbifurcata) in May ar.d June; sculpin in March; and Atlantic mackerel and winter flounder in June. These observations probably ,

I reflect natural fluctuations in larval abundance; however, the low larval j densities observed in May and June may be due at least in part to sampling l l

conducted primarily with only one or two SSWS pumps available as discussed in I previous reports (MRI 1987). The influence of plant operations on entrainment densities will be considered further in the final 1987 report when additional deta will be available, i

I 15

None of the. densities recorded'during the January-June period of 1987 ,

reached the " unusually abundant" criterion as defined on'page 8'under.the contingency sampling plan.

No lobster larvae were found in samples. collected through June.

i l

l 16

7-_- _. _

, p ,

5ECTION V-

(

LITERATURE CITED s

'Ahlstrom,-~E.l!.land R.C. Counts. 1955. Eggs and larvae of the Pacific: hake,-

Merluccius. productus. U.S. fish and Wildlife Service, Fishery Bulletin 56(99):295-329.

Fahay,:M.P. '1983 ' Guide to the early. stages of marine fishes occurring' in the western northern Atlantic Ocean, Cape Hatteras to.the southern Scotian Shelf. Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science,, Volume 4,

'423p.

1978. . Development of fishes of.the mid-Atlantic Bight.

~

' Hardy, J.D.,-Jr..

An.. atlas of egg, larval and juvenile stages. Volume II. Anguillidae through syngnathidae'. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,' Biological

' Service Program. 458p.

Marine Research, Inc. .1977. Investigations of entrainment_of ichthyoplankton at.the Pilgrim Station and; Cape" Cod Bay ichthyoplankton studies, March-December.1977;' twelve-month summary for 1977, Cape Cod Bay ichthyoplankton studies. III.C.2-i. In: Marine Ecology Studies Related to Operation of j Pilgrim Station, Semi-Annu'al Report'No. 11. Boston Edison Company

~

. -1987. lIchthyoplankton.entrainment monitoring at Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station,' January-December 1986, Volume 2. IIIC.2. n

I_n_

Marine Ecology Studies Related to Operation of Pilgrim Station, Semi-Annual.

~

Report No.'29. Boston Edison Company. I Meyer,,T.L., R.A. Cooper, and R.W. Langton. 1979. Relative abundance, behavior.,

and food habits of theAmerican a,and' lance, Ammodytes americanus, from-the' Gulf,of Maine. . Fishery. Bulletin U.S. 77:243-253.

'Motoda, S. 1959. Devices of. simple plankton apparatus. -Memoirs of the ,

Faculty of Fisherie's, Hokkaido. University 7:73-94. I Richards, S'.W., A. Perlmutter, and D.C. McAneny. 1963. A taxonomic study l of the genus Ammodytes from the east coast of North America (Teleostei:

Ammodytes). Copeia 1963(2):358-;177.

Robins , C.R. , . R.'i. Bailey , C.E. Bond , J.R. Brooker , E. A. Lachner , R.N. Lea ,

and W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes p from the United States ar.d Canada. American Fisheries Society Special .

l 174p.

{ Publication 12.

Scott, J.S. 1968. Morphometrics, distribution, growth, and maturity of f offshore sand lance (Ammodytes dubius) on the Nova Scotia banks.

(-

E Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 25:1775-1785.

1

. 1972. Morphological and meristic variation in Northwest Atlantic sand lances (.Ammodytes). Journal of the Fisheries Rese rch Board of i

. Canada 29:1673-lo78.

i

)

9 17

Van Cucipen, L., D.F. Markle, and D.J. Duggan. 1982. An evaluation of accuracy, precision, and speed of several zooplankton subsampling techniques. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea-40:226-236.

Winters, G.H; 1970. Meristics and morphometrics of sand lance in the Newfoundland area. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 27:2104-2108.

I l

1e

(

(

(

Appendix'A.* ' Densities of fi.sh eggs and larvae per 100 m 3 of water recoried.in t the PNPS discharge canal by species, date, and replicate, January-June 1987.

• This appendix is available by request.

I p-

.1 J

Q. '-

=

)

N HAppendix B Mean monthly densities-andirange per 100.m 2 of. water for.

1

.the dominant species of. fish eggs and larvac entrained:

1'

.at'PNPS,-January-June 1987:

Some standardization of data sets was requ' ired to adjust'for changes in.the sampling program which have occurred over the years:

J

'1. OnlyLO.333-mm mesh ' net data were used in- those cases' (1975) when n

. field sampling was carried out using both 0.333 and 0.505 mesh nets. l When, as in 1976 and 1977, 24-hour sampling _ series.were conducted, j 2.

l athe samples taken nearest the time-of daylight 11ow tide were selected.

'l l

for comparison since.'this' conforms to the routine specification for

[ -i i

the time of entrainment sampling used in all. subsequent years.  !

3. 'For the same reason only! day?ight low tide data were used when, in

!- 1975, samples were also taken at high tide'and/or at night.

(;

' 4 '. Cod: and pollock egg densities were sum.ned to make up the. category:

~

i

" gadidae" since these eggs were-not distinguished prior to 1976. _

In January and February when witch' flounder do not spawn, all three egg. stages are included in this category. During the remaining- i months early-stage eggs are included with the gadidae-Glyptocephalus group. ,

5. Beginning in April when the Enchelyopus-Urophycis-Poprilus grouping i became necessary, the listing for Enchelvopus cimbrius includes only late-stage eggs, the two early. stages being included with the f

[ grouped eggs.

. 6. Since the Brosme-Scomber grouping was not considered necessary after

'1983, grouped eggs were added to S,. scombrus eggs in the table for

.1975-1983 (B. brosme eggs having always been rare).

B1

4. ,

j )

Sculpin'_ larvae were identified'.to.specics beginning in 1979.fo11owing

~

7. d i , s..

Khan'(1971)*.' They are shown by species beginning with that year as well.as added together (Myoxocephalus spp.) fur'. comparison with' prior; years.

8. Similar results are shown for seasnail larvae which were not speciated i: prior to 1981.

H, 9. .Although samples were in fact taken once-in April'1976 and once in March;and August 1977, comparisons with other years when samplir.d -l was weekly are'not_ valid and consequently ~do not. appear in the tabic; Data collected in 1974_.was not included because' samples were not collected-at low tide in'all cases.

- 10. - When extra sampling series were required under the contingency I.

sampling. regime,.results were included in calculating monthly mean-densities.

. Table format: "**"

Range

]

• Khan, N.Y. 1971. Comparative morphology and ecology of the pelagic larvae of nine cottidae (Fisces) on the northwest Atlantic and St. Lawrence drainage. Ph.D. thesis, University of Ottawa. 2.' 4 p .

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1 I

B26

l-l IMPINGEMENT OF ORGANISMS AT PILGRIM NUCLEAR POWER STATION (January - June 1987) t

)

)

Prepared by: [ g%

Robert D. Anderson Senior Marine Fisheries Biologist Regulatory Affairs and Programs l Boston Edison Company I

October 1987 1

Herring 1111I1111I Alewik . . . . . . . . . , . .

r-Smelt I-Cunner l Most commonly W '""""'

impinged species l

l l

l

\-

I L__--______--___-_-_______-____--__-__ .______ - _-__-_ ___-_ ___-____ _--_- --____-__ - ___- _ _

i TABLE OF CONTENTS . .

Section Title Page

1.

SUMMARY

1 3

2 INTRODUCTION 2 3 METHODS AND MATERIALS 5 I

> 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 7 4.1 Fishes 7 4.2 Invertebrates 7 4.3 Fish Survival 11 I 5 CONCLUSIONS 13 6 LITERATURE CITED 14 1

LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Location of Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station 3 2 Cross-Section of Intake Structure of Pilgrim 4 Nuclear Power Station -

) LIST OF PLATES i

Plate i

l 1 The 300 foot long Pilgrim Station, concrete f screenwash sluiceway is molded from 18" 1

l corrugated metal pipe, and meanders over 1

breakwater rip rap. .

l 2 Fish survival testing is done at the end of the sluiceway where it discharges to I

ambient temperature intake waters.

L

{

f l

iii

~\

LIST OF TABLES Table Page

-1 Monthly Impingement for All Fishes Collected From 8 Pilgrim Station Intake Screens, January-June 1987 2 Species, Number, Total Length (mm), Wefght (gms) 9 and Percentage for All Fishes Collectej From Pilgrim Station Impingement Sampling. January-June 1987 s

l 3 Monthly Impingement for All Invertebrates Collected 10 From Pilgrim Station Intake Screens, January-June 1987 4 Survival Summary for the Fishes Collected During 12 1 Pilgrim Station Impingement Sampling,. January-June 1987.

Initial, One-Hour and Latent (56-Hour) Survival Numbers are Shown Under Static (8-Hour) and Continuous ,

Wash Cycles l

I iv 1

l 6

SECTION I

SUMMARY

Fish Impingement averaged 0.21 fish / hour during the period January-June 1987.

Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), Atlantic silverside (Henidia menidia) and grubby (Myoxocephalus aenaeus) accounted for 72.4% of the fishes collected.

Initial impingement survival for all fishes from static screen wash collections was approximately 35% and from continuous screen washes 42%.

The collection rate (no./hr.) for all invertebrates captured from January-June 1987 was 5.59. Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and Sand shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa) accounted for 85.0% of the invertebrates impinged. Mixed f

species of algae collected on intake screens amounted to 29 pounds.

t The relatively low fish (0.21) impingement rate from January-June 1987 reflected no circulating water pumps operating during most of this period.

The comparatively high invertebrate impingement was representative of the large numbers of blue mussels on the intake screens.

i l

.SECTION 2 INTRODUCTION Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station (lat. 41'56' N, long. 70'34' W) is located on the northwestern shore of Cape Cod Bay (Figure 1) with a licensed capacity of 655 MWe, The unit has two circulating water pumps with a capacity of l

approximately 345 cfs each and five service water pumps with a combined l_

capacity of 23 cfs. Water is drawn under a skimmer wall, through vertical barracks spaced approximately 3 inches on center, and finally through vertical travelling water screens of 3/8 inch wire mesh (Figure 2). There are two travelling water screens for each circulating water pump.

l This document is a report pursuant to operational environmental monitoring and reporting requirements of NPOES Permit No. 0003557 (EPA) and No. 359 (Mass.

0HPC) for Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station, Unit I. The report describes i

impingement of organisms carried onto the vertical travelling water screens at Unit I. It presents analysis of the relationships between impingement, environmental factors, and plant operational variables. .

The report is based on data collected from screen wash samples during January-June 1987.

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4-

i SECTION 3 METHODS AND MATERIALS-l Three screen washings each week were performed from January-June 1987 to l

provide data for evaluating the magnitude of marine biota impingement and l associated survival. The total weekly collection time was 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> (three separate 8-hour periods: morning, afternoon and night). Two collections represented dark period sampling and one represented light period sampling.

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l. At the beginning of each collection period, all four travelling screens were washed. Eight ' hours later, the screens were again washed (minimum of 30 minutes each) and all organisms collected. When screens were being washed continuously, one hour collections were made at the end of the regular sampling periods, and they represented two light periods and one dark period.

I on a weekly basis.

Water nozzles directed at the screens washed impinged organisms and debris into a sluiceway that flowed into a trap. The original trap is made of galvanized screen (3/8-inch mesh) attached to a removable steel frame and collected impinged biota, in the screenhouse, shortly af ter being washed off the screens, A second trap was designed and used for sampling, in conjunction with sluiceway survival studies, consisting of a section of half 18" corrugated metal pipe with 3 /16 -i nch nylon, delta mesh netting attached.

Impinged biota sampled by this trap were collected at the end of a 300' sluiceway where initial, one-hour and latent (56-hour) fish survival were determined for static (8-hour) and continuous screenwash cycles. Plates 1 and 2 provide views of the beginning and end of this sluiceway structure which was constructed in 1979.

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Variables recorded for organisms were total numbers, and individual total lengths (mm) and weights (gms) for up to 20 specimens of each species. A random sample of 20 fish or invertebrates was taken whenever the total number for a species exceeded 20; if the total collection for a species was less than 20, all were measured and weighed. Field work was conducted by Marine Research, Inc.

Intake seawater temperature, power level output, tidal stage, number of circulating water pumps in operation, time of day and date were recorded at time of collections. The collection rate (#/ hour) was calculated as number of organisms impinged per collecting period divided by the total number of hours in that collecting period. All common and scientific names in this report follow the American Fisheries Society (1980) and Smith (1964).

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SECTION 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Fishes In 136 collection hours, 29 fishes of ten species (Table 1) were collected h from Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station intake screens during January-June 1987.

.= The collection rate was 0.21 fish / hour. Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) was the most abundant species accounting for 37.9% of all fishes collected (Table 2). Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia) and grubby (Myoxoceohalus aenaeus) accounted for 20.7 and 13.8% of the total number of fishes collected.

} Rainbow smelt were impinged in highest numbers during January. These were primarily _. _

adult fish that' averaged 139 mm total length. The Atlantic silverside were mostly impinged in March, as is typical, and grubby during June. The January-June 1987 fish impingement rate decreased by a factor of about 2 1/2 from the rate for the same period in 1986 (0.54). This decrease is possibly attributable to substantially less circulating water pump operating capacity from January-June 1987.

4.2 Invertebrates

'In 136 collection hours, 761 invertebrates of 13 species (Table 3) were collected from Pilgrim Station intake screens between January-June 1987. The collection rate was 5.59 invertebrates / hour. Two species, blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and sand shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa), accounted for 79.5 and 5.5%, respectively, of the total number of invertebrates collected.

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Table 1. Monthly Impingement For All Fishes Collected From Pilgrim Station Intake Screens. January-June 1987 Species Jan. Feb. March April May June Totals Rainbow smelt 10 1 11 Atlantic silverside 1 5 6 Grubby 1 1 2 4 Winter flounder 2 2 Atlantic tomcod 1 1 Pollock 1 1 Radiated shanny 1 1 Rock gunnel 1 1 Threespine stickleback 1 '1 o Yellowtail flounder 1 1 TOTALS 16 1 6 0 1 5 29

Collection Time (hrs.) 25 9 5 1 2 94 136 Collection Rate (#/hr.) 0.64 0.11 1.20 0.00 0.50 0.05 0.21 l

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Table 2. Species, Number, Total Length (mm), Weight (gms) and Percentage For All Fishes Collected From Pilgrim Station Impingement Sampling, January-June 1987 Length Mean Height Mean Percent of Species Number Range Length Range Weight Total Fish Rainbow smelt 11 120-220 146 8-44 16 37.9 Atlantic silverside 6 98-143 117 4-12 7 20.7 Grubby 4 63-105 87 3-20 10 13.8 Winter flounder 2 58-70 64 1-4 3 6.9 Atlantic tomcod 1 54 54 1 1 3.4 Pollock 1 95 95 7 7 3.4 Radiated shanny 1 58 58 1 1 3.4 Rock gunnel 1 - - - -

3.4 Threespine stickleback 1 65 65 1 1 3.4 Yellowtail flounder 1 80 80 30 30 3.4 l

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l-Table 3. Monthly Impingement For All Invertebrates Collected From Pilgrim Station Intake Screens, January-June 1987 Species Jan. Feb. March April Mav June Totals Blue mussel 387 87 25 5 65 36 605 Sand shrimp 6 4 32 42 Polychaete 16 2 9 8 35 Rock crab 9 1 1 4 6 21 Nemertean 1 10 3 14 Green crab 13 13 Horseshoe crab 8 8 Green seaurchin 2 3 2 7 Nudibranch 5 1 6 Nereis sp. 5 5 Common starfish 2 2 Isepod 1 1 2 Littorina sp. 1 1 TOTALS 433 94 77 6 81 70 761 Collection Time (hrs.) 25 9 5 1 2 94 136 Collection Rate (#/hr.)17.32 10.44 15.40 6.00 40.50 0.74 5.59

The collections of blue mussel occurred primarily in January, and sand shrimp during March which is typical for this species. No specimens of the commercially important American lobster (Homarus americanus) were captured.

Approximately 29 pounds of mixed algae species were recorded during impingement sampling, or 0.21 pounds / hour. Like the January-June 1987 fish impingement rate, the algal impingement rate was noteably lower than recorded for the same period in 1986.

4.3 Fish Survival Fish survival data collected while impingement monitoring was conducted are shown in Table 4. Static screen wash collections provided the greatest numbers of fishes and revealed relatively low initiai impingement survival rates for most species. Continuous screen wash collections had higher initial survival rates, although not many fishes were sampled. After 1-hour and 56-hour holding periods data are biased on the low side because of' survival l

l pool problems during June, or fishes being collected in the screenhouse where no survival facilities are located.

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SECTION 5 .

CONCLUSIONS

1. The average Pilgrim I collection rate for the period January-June 1987 was 0.21 fish / hour. The collection rate was comparatively higher in- ,

1986, possibly due to less circulating water pump capacity during the 1987 outage.

4

2. Ten species of fish were recorded in 136 impingement collection hours. -

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3. The major species collected and their relative percentages of the total - --

collections were rainbow smelt, 37.9%; Atlantic silverside, 20.7%; and grubby, 13.8%.

4. The hourly collection rate for invertebrates was 5.59 with blue raussel

• 4 79.5% and sand shrimp 5.5% of the catch. No American lobsters were caught. Impingement rates for invertebrates were lower and algae higher i for this period in 1986 than in 1987.

5. Initial impinged fish survival was relatively low for species during static screen washes, and higher for continuous washes.

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SECTION 6 LITERATURE CITED k

American Fisheries Society. 1980. A list of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes From the United States and Canada. Spec. Pub. No. 12: 174 pp.

Smith, R. I. (Ed.). 1964. Keyes to Marine Invertebrates of the Woods Hole Region. Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, Massachusetts 4

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W' & ad PHaue G. CoArts / U' NY M CTOM 888-1155 18 Route 6A Sandwich, MA 02563 MEMORANDUM TO: Members of the Administrative-Technical Committee, Pilgrim Power l'lant Investigations FROM: Vincent Malkoski, Recording Secretary, Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries

SUBJECT:

Minutes of the 67th meeting of the Pilgrim Administrative-Technical Committee DATE: August 24, 1987 The 67th Pilgrim Administrative-Technical (A-T) Committee meeting was called to order on 24 June, 1987 at 10:17 a.m. at the headquarters of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Westborough, Massachusetts, by Chairnan Szal. Nine agenda items were addressed.

I. Minutes of the 66th Meeting A correction to the 66th Committee minutes was tendered by Bob Anderson and is attached in an addendum to these minutes. Gerry Szal moved that the 66th minutes be accepted with the correction. Carolyn Griswold second, and the motion passed unanimously.

II. Pilgrim Station 1986 Operational Review Bob Anderson reviewed the 1986 plant operational history, commenting on the prolonged outage which began in early April. During most of 1986 there was no current discharged by the plant as both circulating water pumps were generally off. As a result of the outage and the absence of a heated effluent, Bob reported that blue mussels, especially seed mussels, had become densely concentrated in the discharge canal, creating a potential for contamination by radiological waste released at regular intervals by the plant. Bob informed the committee that mussel samples had been collected from the discharge canal for radiological analysis to determine if they would have to be removed prior to plant start-up. Bob Lawton asked that a breakdown of actual pump operation at the plant be sent to the contractors for use in data analysis; Bob Anderson said he would send it along.

L _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ - ._ _ _ _ -_. . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __________

III. 1986 Impingement /0verfidght Monitoring Resulta Bob Anderson reported that the 1986 impingement rate was the highest recorded since 1981 and the sixth highest overall. He estimated that, based on expanded data, 11,000 fish and 100 lobster would have been impinged if the plant had been in full operation. Atlantic herring, rainbow smelt, and Atlantic menhaden were the dominant species impinged. Compared with other power generation f acilities, Bob reported that Pilgrim Station generally had lower impingement rates but greater numbers of species.

Summarizing the weekly overflights, Bob reported that fewer fish were sighted in the vicinity of the plant than in previous years, possibly due to the absence of the thermal effluent current for most of the year. No Atlantic menhaden or pollock were sighted s.nd only one aggregation of baitfish was observed. On 2 November a very large school (approximately 10,000,000 lbs.)

of Atlantic herring was sighted two miles north of the plant, but the school never approached the immediate area of the station.

IV. 1986 Marine Fish Monitoring Results Bob Lawton reported that recreational fishing activity at the Shorefront, as reported by the Shorefront guards, was extremely low. Without a discharge current, there is no attraction for game fish, such as striped bass and bluefish, to the area.

Comparing the three areas sampled during the experimental lobster study revealed that data from the two reference areas, Rocky Point and White Horse Beach, could not be pooled because of substantial differences in catch para-meters. White Horse was also markedly different from the surveillance area (Discharge area) . Rocky Point, however, compared well with the surveillance area and appears to be a good control area when assessing plant impact. For 1987, DMF added two trawls of pots to the Rocky Point area. To standardize station locations, markers were placed at each site.

Trawling was done at four stations: Discharge, Intake, White Horse Beach, and Warren Cove in 1986, with one replicate tow made at a reference and surveillance station (alternating between stations) each sampling day.

Analysis of winter flounder length-frequency data using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed that the Intake harbors significantly more small winter flounder in the summer.

Analysis of the gill-net data for cunner revealed a significant posi-tive correlation between cunner CPUE and plant load, which is believed to be an attraction to the current component of the thermal effluent. No such relationship was conclusive for other dominant species (pollock, Atlantic herring, and tautog).

l l

V. 1986 Benthic Monitoring Results Mark Curran of Battelle reviewed the procedures used to collect and analyze samples and the statistical analyses used to interpret the data. As reported for the outage year of 1984, a lag respense to the presence or absence of the thermal effluent was again noted for biota in the ares of the discharge. (

Discussion ensued as to the use of time-series analysis to address the fluctua- I tions in the data. Mark said he was considering this technique for use in I future reports.

VI. 1986 Entrainment Monitoring and Long-Term Program Mike Scherer of Marine Research, Inc. reported finding differences in the number of fish larvae entrained as a function of pump (circulating water vs. service water) operation. Mike said that although the same volume of sample was collected regardless of pump type or number, larvae were far less abundant if only the service water pumps were operating as opposed to one or both of the circulating pumps. No such difference was noted for eggs.

It was theorized that increased mobility of larvae might allow them to escape entrainment when the circulating pumps were off. As in the past, no lobster larvae were entrained. ,

l Mike said that the summary report of entreinment work et Pilgrim Station requested by the committee was complete and that copies were available from Bob Anderson.

VII. 1988 Fisheries and Benthic Subcommittees Bob Anderson requested that subcommittee membership be reestablished for the coming year. Jack Finn will again chair the fisheries subcommittee and Don Miller, the benthic subcommittee. Membership of both committees will remain the same as in 1987, except that Mike Bilger will replace Bob Leger who is no longer active with the A-T Committee. Meeting dates for both sub-committees were scheduled.

VIII. Biofouling Program Update Derek Mcdonald of Marine Biocontrol spoke on modifications and repairs that are under way at the plant; the majority were continuations of work previously reported. Derek also has completed a summary report on biofouling work at the plant which would be available shortly.

IX. Other Business Gerry Szal reported that he had spoken with Chris Bowman regarding a summary radiation report and had received a copy of the annual radiological sampling report. Gerry said he had also spoken with Robert Hallisey of the Department of Public Health, Radiation Control Section. Mr. Hallisey prepares a summary report for the NRC and told Gerry that he would send him a copy.

Gerry said he would send copies to the committee members with the meeting minutes.

X. Adjournment Meeting adjourned at 2:40 p.m.

i)

ADMINI(JIRATIVE-TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEETING June 24, 1987 Gerald Szal, Chairman Mass. DEQE/DUPC Vincent Malkoski, Recording Secretary Mass. DMF (non-voting)

Robert Anderson BECo Michael Bilger U.S. EPA, Lexington Leigh Bridges Mass. DMF ~;

(F Mark Curran Battelle (non-voting)

Linda Deegan UMass, Amherst Carolyn Griswold NMFS, Narragansett Robert Lawton Mass..DMF Derek Mcdonald MBI (non-voting)

Don C. Miller U.S. EPA, Narragansett Michael Scherer MRI (non-voting) 1 i

I,

)

MEMORANDUM TO: Members of the Administrative-Technical Committee. Pilgrim Power Plant Investigations FROM: Vincent Malkoski, Recording Secretary, Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries

SUBJECT:

Addendum to the 66th meeting minutes of the Administrative-Technical Committee DATE: August 24, 1987 Correction to the 66th meeting minutes is as follows:

Page 4.Section VII, 1st paragraph, 2nd sentence: Change " . . . BECo . . ."

to " . . . Pilgrim Station . . ."

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BOSTON EDISON eecst# 0" s 700 3 ysi't ' 3?'

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BECo 87- 068 Ralph G. Bird October 30, 1987 sere vice eres+nt - mow Hass. Division of Water Pollution Control Permit Section - 7th Floor One Hinter Street Boston, MA 02108 License DPR-35 Docket 50-293 NPOES PERHIT MARINE ECOLOGY HONITORING REPORT

Dear Sir:

In accordance with Part I, Paragraph A.7.b & c. and Attachment I, Paragraph I.G, of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station NPDES Permit No. HA0003557 (Federal) and No. 359 (State), Semi-Annual Marine Ecology Report No. 30 is submitted.

This report covers the period from January through June 1987.

h R. G.' Bird

Attachment:

Semi-Annual Marine Ecology Report No. 30 RDA/amm/1292 cc: Hass. Division of Water Pollution Control Lakeville Hospital Lakeville, HA 02346

e BOSTON EDISON

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r BECo 87-067 Ralph G. Bird smr v ce muce nt N w" October 30, 1987 United States Environmental Protection Agency Region I Permits Processing Unit - Room 2109 John F. Kennedy Federal Building Boston, MA 02038 l

License DPR-35 l

. Docket 50-293 NPOES PERMIT MARINE ECOLOGY MONITORING REPORT

Dear Sir:

l In accordance with Part I, Paragraph A.7.b & c. and Attachment I, Paragraph l I.G, of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station NPDES Permit No. MA0003557 (Federal) and No. 359 (State), Semi-Annual Marine Ecology Report No. 30 is submitted.

This report covers the period from January through June 1987.

9  ;

h b f14 R. G. Bird

Attachment:

Semi-Annual Marine Ecology Report No. 30 RDA/amm/1292 l cc: Mass. Division of Hater Pollution Control

Lakeville Hospital Lakeville, MA 02346 k

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