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Ecological Studies of CT River,Vernon/Vt,Rept X,Jan-Dec 1980.
	ML19345H212
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Site:	Vermont Yankee
Issue date:	04/28/1981
From:	; AQUATEC, INC.
To:	;
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ECOLOG CA; S"_:1ES OF "H E g

CONN:EC";;C RLVER l V;ERNON/VE;RM:ON" I

I I REPORT X JANUARY 1980 - DECEMBER 1980 l

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lI 1

PREPARED FOR VERMONT YANKEE NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATION BY ig AQUATEC, INC.

!g SOUTH BURLINGTON, VERMONT 19 81

'I l 8105010 23

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ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER REPORT X VERMONT YANKEE NUCLEAR POWER CORPORATION TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION AND

SUMMARY

l

2. CONNECTICUT RIVER DISCHARGE 9

3. RIVER TEMPERATURE 13

4. WATER QUALITY STUDIES 57

5. PLANKTON STUDIES 101 5.1 Phytoplankton Studies 101 5.2 Zooplankton Studies 114

6. ENTRAINMENT STUDIES 125 6.1 Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Entrainment 125 6.2 Ichthyoplankton Entrainment 131

7. BENTHIC FAUNA STUDIES 133

8. FISH STUDIES 145 8.1 Fish Impingement Studies 145 8.2 Resident Finfish Studies 148 l

l LITERATURE CITED 171 l

l iii

I LIST OF FIGURES I 1.1 1.2 Vermont Yankee Power Level Histogram, 1980 Vermont Yankee Sample Stations, Connecticut River 3

4 2.1 Connecticut River Discharge, Vernon, vermont, 1980 10 3.1 Temperature, Station No. 3, 1980 14 3.2 Temperature, Station No. 7, 1980 15 4.1 Dissolved Oxygen, Station No. 3, 1980 62 4.2 Dissolved Oxygen, Station No. 7, 1980 63 4.3 pH, Station No. 3, 1980 64 4.4 pH, Station No. 7, 1980 65 4.5 Comparison of Observed Station 3 Sodium Ion Concentrations with Station 3 Concentrations Predicted from Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Data, Stations 7 and 3, 1969-1974 66 4.6 Comparison of Observed Station 3 Sulfate Ion Concentrations with Station 3 Concentrations Predicted from Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Data, Stations 7 and 3, 1969-1974 , 67 4.7 Comparison of Observed Station 3 Chloride Ion Concentrations with Station 3 Concentrations Predicted from Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Data, I 4.8 Stations 7 and 3, 1967-1974 Comparison of Observed Station 3 Alkalinity 68 Concentrations with Station 3 Concentrations I Predicted from Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Data, Stations 7 and 3, 1967-1974 69 5.1 Plankton Sample Station Locations 102 5.2 Seasonal Phytoplankton Distribution, Station No. 7 - Monitor 104 5.3 Seasonal Phytoplankton Distribution, Station l No. 3 - Monitor 105 5.4 Comparison of Observed Monitor 3 Phytoplankton Count with Monitor 3 Count Predicted from Preoperational/

Closed Cycle Monitor Data of 1970-1974 109 5.5 Seasonal Zooplankton Distribution, Station No. 7 - Monitor 116 5.6 Seasonal Zooplankton Distribution, Station No. 3 - Monitor 117 5.7 Comparison of Observed Monitor 3 Ecoplankton Count with Monitor 3 Count Predicted from Preoperational/

Closed Cycle Monitor Data of 1970-1974 119 7.1 Benthic Fauna Sample Station Locations 134 l

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I LIST OF FIGURES (CONT'D) 8.1 Fish Sample Stations, Connecticut River 149 8.2 Resident Fish Species. Composition by Weight, 1980 Survey 159 8.3 Resident Fish Species. Composition by Number, 1980 Survey 159 8.4 Resident Fish Species. Percentage Composition by Weight 160 8.5 Resident Fish Species. Percentage Composition by Number 160 8.6 Age-Growth Graphs - White Perch 163 8.7 Age-Growth Graphs - Yellow Perch 165 8.8 Age-Growth Graphs - Walleye 167 8.9 Age-Growth Graphs - Smallmouth Bass 169 LIST OF TABLES 3.1 Temperature Data, Station No. 3 180 20 3.2 Temperature Data, Station No. 7, 980 32 3.3 Differences in Successive Hourly Mean Temperatures in 'F at Monitor 3 44 3.4 Frequency Distribution of Rate of Change of Temperature at Monitor 3 During Open Cycle Operation, 1980 17 l 3.5 Differences in Hourly Mean Temperature in *F Between Monitor 3 and Monitor 7 50 3.6 Frequency Distribution of Differences in Hourly i

Mean Temperatures Between Monitor 3 and Monitor 7 During Open Cycle Operation, 1980 19 4.1 Dissolved Oxygen and pH Data, Station No. 3, 1980 70 4.2 Dissolved Oxygen and pH Data, Station No. 7, 1980 82 4.3 Conductivity and Turbidity Data, January & February 1980 94 i 4.4 Results, Water Quality Analysis, 1980 96 l 4.5 Summary of Statistics from Linear Regression Analysis of Preoperational and Closed Cycle Data at Stations 7 and 3 for Four Parameters 59 l

5.1 Dominant Phytoplankton Species, 1980 103 5.2 Comparison of Observed Monitor 3 Phytoplankton Count with Monitor 3 Count Predicted by Regression Analysis of Low Range Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Monitor Data, 1970-1974 108 5.3 Checklist of the Phytoplarkton of the Connecticut River near Vernon, Vermont, 1980 112 vi I

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I LIST OF TABLES (CONT'D)

I 5.4 Mean Percentages and Percentage Ranges of Diatoms, Flagellates, Green and Blue-Green Algae, 1980 111 5.5 Dominant Zooplankton Taxa, 1980 115 5.6 Comparison of Observed Monitor 3 Zooplankton Count with Monitor 3 Count Predicted by Regression Analysis of Preoperational/ Closed Cycle Monitor Data, 1970-1974 118 5.7 Checklist of the Zooplankton of the Connecticut River near Vernon, Vermont, 1980 122 5.8 Mean Percentages and Percentage Ranges of Protozoa, Copepoda, Cladocera, and Rotatoria, 1980 121 6.1 Summary of Results, Vermont Yankee Entrainment Studies, 1980 128 6.2 Percent Changes in Live Piankton Concentrations Between Entrainment Intake and Discharge Samples 129 6.3 Calculated Percent Changes in Live Plankton Concentrations of River Effected by Entrainment 130 6.4 Vermont Yankee Ichthyoplankton _ntrainment Studies, 1980 132 7.1 Checklist of the Benthic Fauna of the Connecticut River near Vernon, Vermont, 1980 140 7.2 Comparison of Number of Samples and Number of Genera of Benthos Collected by Ekman Dredge 135 7.3 Summary of Results of Analysis, Benthic Fauna Samples, 1980 138 8.1 Summary of Weight and Total Length Extremes of Fish Species Impinged During Open Cycle Operation, 1980 146 8.2 Summary by Month of Number and Weight of Fish Species Impinged During Open Cycle Operation, 1980 147 8.3 Summary of Fishing Effort and Results, 1980 150 8.4 Fishes of the Connecticut River in the Vicinity of Vernon, Vermont, All Collections, 1980 153 8.5 Fishes of the Connecticut River in the vicinity of Vernon, Vermont, All Collections North of Vernon Dam, 1980 154 8.6 Fishes of the Connecticut River in the vicinity of Vernon, Vermont, All Collections South of Vernon Dam, 1980 155 8.7 Frequency Distribution of Fish Species by Total Length, 1980 156 8.8 Age-Growth Data - White Perch 162 8.9 Age-Growth Data - Yellow Perch 164 8.10 Age-Growth Data - Walleye 166 8.11 Age-Growth Data - Smallmouth Bass 168 vii

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1. INTRODUCTION AND

SUMMARY

An extended shutdown of Vermont Yankee's operation in 1980 (from September 27 through December 27) for refueling, repairs, and maintenance reduced plant availability to 71.5%, the lowest level since 1973 when generation occurred only 61% of the time.

The open cycle mode of condenser cooling was used on 137 days of operation in 1980; closed cycle cooling was used on 133 days.

The plant operated at an average power level of 93.8% during the 6280 hours0.0727 days 1.744 hours 0.0104 weeks 0.00239 months of generation in 1980. But the prolonged shutdown reduced the average capacity for the year to 67.0%. Figure 1.1 is a graph of the plant's record of power production in 1980.

This is the tenth report in a series (Webster-Martin 1971, Aquatec 1973-78, 1979a, 1980) that have presented the results of environmental studies conducted under the conditions of Vermont Yankee's discharge permits, from the States of Vermont and New Hampshire, and the Appendix B Technical Specifications of Vermont Yankee's operating license. In amendment No. 56 to the operating license, dated February 22, 1980, the Appendix B Technical Spec-ifications were deleted. Some studies mandated by the Tech Specs, but not required under Vermont Yankee's NPDES discharge permit, were continued until early July and are reported here.

Eight sampling stations in the Connecticut River near Vernon, Vermont were used in earlier studies. The approximate locations of these stations are shown in Figure 1.2. Collections were made at only six of these stations in the 1980 studies. The locations of these six in river miles north and south of Vernon Dam are shown below.

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FIGURE I.2

Station No. Location Relative to Vernon Dam 2 4.70 miles south 3 0.65 miles south 4 0.55 miles north 5 1.25 miles north 7 4.25 miles north 8 8.70 miles north

SUMMARY

OF RESULTS Water Quality Studies The annual peak river flows of spring run-off occurred at Vernon in April, as is usually the case. But the mean discharges in April and in all other months of 1980 were less than the 16 year average discharges for the corresponding months in the period October 1964 through 1979.

The relatively low river flow rates in 1980 resulted in mean monthly temperatures at Station 3, downstream of Vermont Yankee, that were higher in the first nine months of 1980 than the mean river temperature for those months in the years 1968-1979. The maximum hourly temperature observed at Monitor 3 in February, 41.8*F, was greater than the previous maximum for that month, 41.5*F in 1977. All other maximum and all minimum temperatures observed at Station 3 were within previously recorded extremes.

At Station 7, upstream, mean monthly temperatures were higher than 1970-1979 means in April, May, July, August, and September.

No record maximum or minimum hourly temperatures occurred at Station 7 in 1980.

Vermont Yankee operated in 1980 within the three thermal criteria imposed upon such operation by its NPDES permit. These conditions require that Vermont Yankee's discharge not effect a temperature at Monitor 3 greater than 65*F; the maximum hourly mean temperature observed there during open cycle operation was 57.0*F on May 6. The maximum allowable rate of temperature change between successive hourly average temperatures at Monitor 3 is I

5'F per hour; the maximum observed was 2.9*F per hour in February and March. The maximum allowable increase in river temperature effected by Vermont Yankee's discharge is 13.4 *F; the maximum difference observed between downstream Monitor 3 temperature and upstream Monitor 7 temperature was 10.4'F on March 2.

No record monthly maximum or minimum dissolved oxygen concen-trations were observed in 1980 at either Station 3 or 7. The pH maximum of 7.7 at Station 3 in January was 0.2 pH units greater than the January maximum previously observed there, but all monthly minima were greater than those previously recorded.

Grab samples at Stations 3 and 7 were collected on four dates in 1980 - two during open cycle operation, one during closed cycle cooling, and one when Vermont Yankee was not operating - and analyzed for sixteen water quality parameters. The concentrations of all parameters were found to be within ranges observed in earlier years.

Biological Studies Diatoms predominated, as in earlier study years, in the phyto-plankton samples of 1980. Of these, the more commonly observed species were again Asterionella formosa, Fragilaria capucina and F. crotonensis, Melosira italica and M. varians, and Tabellaria

fenestrata. Also, as in prior years, the more commonly observed flagellates were Dinobryon spp., the more common green algae were Pediastrum spp., and the more common blue-greens were Oscillatoria spp.

Algal concentrations in the phytoplankton samples of 1980 were generally low relative to concentrations observed in the years 1970-1974. Only the January counts at Stations 3 and 7 were greater than the mean counts for the years 1970-1974. TheseTJanuary counts were within two standard deviations of the mean January counts observed in 1970-1974. The September 17 phytoplankton concentra-tion at Station 3 was greater, however, than that predicted by l application of a statistical analysis of the 1970-1974 data to the 1

l September Station 7 count.

I No zooplankton concentration observed at downstream Station 3 in 1980 was outside the 95% confidence limits for a concentration predicted from upstream counts by statistical analysis of 1970-1974 zooplankton data. However, zooplankton concentrations observed in February and April at Station 7 and in March at Station 3 were more than two standard deviations greater than the corresponding mean concentrations in the years 1970-1974.

Protozoans, particularly Campanella sp. and Vorticella sp.,

were the predominant organisms in the samples of late fall and winter. In the samples of the warmer months of the year, rotifers I predominated. The more commonly observed rotifers were, as in earlier years, Keratella cochlearis, Philodina sp., Polyarthra sp.,

and Synchaeta sp. Copepods, adults 4nd nauplii, were found in all seasons.

Eighty-six genera of benthic fauna were observed in the thirty-I eight samples of benthos collected in 1980, twenty-eight by Ekman dredge and ten by Henson trap. The nto ber of genera found in Ekman dredge samples from Stations 2, :), and 4, locations which might be affected by Vermont Yankee's heated discharge, were greater than had been found in earlier years when a comparable sampling effort had been made. Chironomid and caddis fly larvae were found, as has been observed in earlier years, to be the pre-dominant forms in the spring and summer samples. Planarians, fingernail clams, and oligochaetes were dominant in fall samples.

All fish impinged on the traveling screens at vermont Yankee's intake structure during open cycle operation in January through May 1980 were collected, identified, weighed, and measured. Fifty-nine percent of the fish impinged in 1980 were spottail shiners.

I Nineteen different species were impinged, but all had been observed in earlier Vermont Yankee studies. The daily maan numbers and weights of fish impinged in each month of.open cycle operation in 1980 were all within two standard deviations of the daily means observed for those months in the five phases of open cycle testing in 1974-1978.

I Ninety-six collections of finfish were made in the 1980 survey. Sixty-eight collections were made by trap net, twenty-seven by gill net, and one by seine haul. The collections were made at Vermont Yankee Stations 3, 4, 5, and 8 and 1602 fish were captured. Nineteen species of fish were collected in 1980, four-teen in collections north of Vernon Dam and sixteen in collections south of the dam. All species, except northern pike, had been found in earlier surveys. One specimen of northern pike was collected near Vermont Yankee Station 3 on 16 September 1980.

The percentage by number of white perch in the 1980 survey was greater than the percentage of this species in any prior survey. This increase is due primarily to the capture in 1980 of relatively fewer pumpkinseed and bluegill than in earlier surveys.

The percentage by weight of "all other species" in 1980 was also larger than in prior surveys. This is attributable to the rela-tively large biomass of walleye taken in the 1980 survey, 7.7% of the total weight of all fish captured.

The age-growth data of 1980 for yellow perch, white perch, and smallmouth bass were not significantly different from the 1969-1973 data for these species. However, again in 1980, as in the years 1977-1979, the age-orowth data for walleye indicate an enhanced growth rate relative to the data of 1969-1973.

In conclusion, the 1980 studies do not indicate that Vermont Yankee's operation has had a significant adverse effect on the water quality or aquatic biota of the Connecticut River.

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2. CONNECTICUT RIVER DISCHARGE Connecticut River discharge in 1980 at Vernon, Vermont, computed from the records of the Vernon Hydroelectric Station et Vernon Dam, is summarized in Figure 2.1. The mean flow rate, the maximum daily average flow rate, and the minimum daily average flow rate are shown for each month.

The annual maximum discharge rate in 1980 occurred, as is usually the case at Vernon, in April. Mean discharge for that month was 20,380 cfs. The maximum mean daily discharge was 50,480 cfs on 11 April and the maximum hourly discharge, 52,090 cfs, cecurred at 1600 on that date.

Connecticut river flow rates have been reported for the years 1967-1979 in previous volumes of this series of reports. Flow I rates throughout 1980 were low relative to the discharges that occurred in those years. Mean flows for all twelve months of 1980 were smaller than the corresponding 16 year means for 1964-1979.

However, in no month of 1980 was the mean flow rate smaller than the record mean minimum fo chat month in one of the previous 16 years.

Also, the maximum daily average flow rates for all twelve months were less than maxima that had been observed previously in the years 1964-1979 and the minimum daily discharges for the months April and May 1980 were smaller than had been recorded for those months in the preceding 16 years. The April 1980 minimum was 7350 cfs; the smallest daily mean observed in 1964-1979 was 7780 cfs in 1971. The May 1980 minimum daily discharge of 1360 cfs was less than the record low for that month of the previous 16 years, 1880 cfs in 1977.

I CONNECTICUT RIVER DISCHARGE

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MONTHLY AVERAGE -

M O N T HLY MINIMUM ==-----

FIG U R E P..I g 3

When river flow rates are less then 10,000 cfs the Vernon flydroelectric Station is operated as a peak load facility. Often at such times, only one hydroelectric unit is utilized during off-peak hours. Operation of this one unit m'. sets a condition of the operating license issued by the Federal 2nergy Regulatory Commission on June 25, 1979 to the Vernon Lydroelectric Station.

This license requires the maintenance of a continuous minimum flow of 1,250 cfs in the river. The requirement that Vermont Yankee be responsible for providing a sustained minimum flow of I 1,200 cfs when operating, set forth in the Appendix B Tech Specs of its operating license, was deleted in February 1980.

Periods of minimum flow occurred in all months of 1980, even in April when 7 hours8.101852e-5 days 0.00194 hours 1.157407e-5 weeks 2.6635e-6 months of minimum discharge occurred on April 22.

Minimum discharge occurred during more than 50% of the hours of the months February, June, July, August, and September.

On 108 days of the first six months of 1980, 124 periods of minimum flow occurred in a total of 1386 hours0.016 days 0.385 hours 0.00229 weeks 5.27373e-4 months , 31.9% of the time.

The duration of the minimum flow periods in these months ranged from 1 hour1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months to 62 hours7.175926e-4 days 0.0172 hours 1.025132e-4 weeks 2.3591e-5 months ; the mean duration was 11.2 hours2.314815e-5 days 5.555556e-4 hours 3.306878e-6 weeks 7.61e-7 months .

l In the latter six months of 1980, minimum flows were recorded during 2103 hours0.0243 days 0.584 hours 0.00348 weeks 8.001915e-4 months , 46.7% of the time. There were 189 periods of

, minimum discharge on 161 days, with durations ranging from 1 hour1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months l

l to 52 hours6.018519e-4 days 0.0144 hours 8.597884e-5 weeks 1.9786e-5 months . The average duration was 11.1 hours1.157407e-5 days 2.777778e-4 hours 1.653439e-6 weeks 3.805e-7 months .

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I I 3. RIVER TEMPERATURE Temperatures of Connecticut River water are measured continu-ously by two automatic water quality monitoring systems, installed I in buildings on the Vermont shore of the river at Sample Station 7, upstream of Vermont Yankee, and at Station 3, downstream of the plant. The temperature data of 1980, reduced to hourly, daily, and monthly means, are shown in Tables 3.1, for Station No. 3, and 3.2, for Station No. 7, at the end of this section of the report.

These data are summarized graphically in Figures 3.1 and 3.2. The maxima and minima in those figures are hourly means.

Temperature data have been collected continuously since 1968 at Station 3 and since 1970 at Station 7. Figures 3.1 and 3.2 also show, in shaded areas, the maximum and minimum hourly mean temperature that has been observed for that month in any of the I previous years of study. The shaded area is divided by a line that connects the points of mean monthly temperatures computed from the data of all previous years for that month.

Monthly mean temperatures observed at the downstream location, I Station 3, for the first nine months of 1980 were greater than the 1968-1979 monthly means. The February mean temperature, 37.l'F, was higher than the previous record February mean of 36.2'F, which occurred in 1977. The record March mean, 35.9' in 1977, was also er eded by the 1980 mean of 37.l'F. The maximum hourly tempera-ture in February, 41.8'F, was greater than the previous maximum for that month, 41.5'F in 1977. All other monthly maximum temperatures and all monthly miminum temperatures at Station 3 in 1980 were within extremes previously recorded.

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TEMPERATURE '

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FIGURE 3.1 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

j M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TEMPERATURE STATION NO.7

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I Monthly mean temperatures in 1980 at the upstream location, Station 7, were higher than the means for the years 1970-1979 during five months - April, May, July, August, and September.

All Station 7 monthly means were within extremes of previous years except the December mean of 32.5'F. The lowest previous December mean was 33.3*F in 1972. The hourly maximum and minimum tempera-tures observed at Station 7 in 1980 were all within extremes recorded in earlier years.

In 1980, Vermont Yankee operated in the open cycle mode of condenser cooling in the periods January 1 through May 15 and December 28 through December 31. Such operation is permitted in the period Octo',er 15 through May 15 under thermal effluent limita-tions set forth in Vermont Yankee's NPDES permit and the revised g Technical Specifications of its operating license. These criteria, E which define the maximum allowable thermal impact on the Connecti-cut River, are as follow:

A. The temperature at Monitor 3 during open cycle operaton shall not exceed 65*F; B. The rate of change of temperature at Monitor 3 shall not exceed 5'F per hour; and E

C. The increase in temperature above ambient at 5 Monitor 3 shall not exceed 13.4*F.

The temperature records at Stations 7 and 3 show that these thermal limitations were not exceeded during open cycle operation in 1980. The maximum hourly average temperature observed at Monitor 3 was 57.0*F on May 6. The maximum rate of change of temperature at Monitor 3, the difference between successive hourly average temperatures there, was -2.9'F/ hour, observed once in February and once in March. The greatest rate of temperature increase was +2.6*F/ hour in January. Tabulations of the hourly rates of change in Monitor 3 temperatures during the months of open cycle operation are given in Table 3.3. These data are summarized, for the dates of open cycle operation, as a frequency distribution in Table 3.4. For the rate of temperature change data during open cycle operation in 1980, three measures of central tendency, the mode, median, and mean, were all 0.0*b.

l TABLE 3.4 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OP i RATE OF CIIANGE OF TEMPI:RATURE AT MONITOR 3 DURING OPEN CYCLE OPERATION 1980 Rate of i Temperature ~ ~ ~

JAN MAR APR TOTALS Change PEB MAY DEC

'P/hr

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-1.6 3 5 8

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-1.4 7 3 2 12

-1.3 2 1 4 7

-1.2 2 5 1 8

-1.1 6 4 3 13

-1.0 6 3 5 14

-0.9 3 5 3 11

-0.8 11 6 4 21

-0.7 11 28 I

9 7 1

-0.6 18 10 9 37

-0.5 15 20 10 2 1 48

-0.4 16 28 19 1 3 67 27 36 15 95 I

-0.3 7 9 1

-0.2 79 50 43 31 17 1 221

-0.1 172 76 115 149 75 9 596 0.0 148 83 193 277 130 30 861

+0.1 66 44 89 149 70 10 428~

+0.2 35 42 49 53 28 3 210

+0.3 25 43 45 20 14 147

+0.4 18 34 28 5 6 2 93

+0.5 15 24 17 3 59

+0.6 5 16 20 1 42

+0.7 5 18 7 1 31

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+2.5 1 1

+2.6 1 1 The hourly mean Monitcr 3 temperatures (Table 3.1) minus the corresponding Monitor 7 temperatures (Table 3.2) are shown for the months of 1980 open cycle operation in Table 3.5. These data are reduced to a frequency distribution of temperature differences, for the dates of open cycle operation, in Table 3.6. The greatest difference observed during 1980 open cycle operation was +10.4*F on March 2 at 1700 and 1800. The mode of these data was +1.6*F, the median was +1.8'F, and the mean increase in temperature above ambient at Station 3 wae +2.8'F during open cycle operation in 1980.

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I TABLE 3.6 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENCES IN HOURLY MEAN TEMPERATURES BETWEEN MONITOR 3 AND MONITOR 7 DURING OPEN CYCLE OPERATION 1980 Hourly Mean 4-29 l-15 28-31 AT(*F)

I -1.0 - -0.6 JAN FEB MAR 1

APR 2

MAY DEC TOTALS 3

-0.5 - -0.1 2 8 12 22 0.0 10 3 3 7 2 25

+0.1 - +0.5 21 28 52 41 17 29 288

+0.6 - +1.0 14 107 167 117 18 423

+1.1 - +1.5 87 4 128 202 137 8 566

+1.6 - +2.0 199 27 76 131 62 495

+2.1 - +2.5 144 44 49 33 17 287

+2.6 - +3.0 70 30 31 5 136

+3.1 - +3.5 49 29 29 3 110

+3.6 - +4.0 33 33 33 2 101

+4.1 - +4.5 25 32 25 82

+4.6 - +5.0 22 29 18 69

+5.1 - +5.5 21 31 18 70

+5.6 - +6.0 20 34 18 72

+6.1 - +6.5 8 44 14 66 j +6.6 - +7.0 10 52 14 76 l +7.1 - +7.5 8 46 16 70

+7.6 - +8.0 3 51 21 75

+8.1 - +8.5 42 12 54

+8.6 - +9.0 26 30 56

+9.1 - +9.5 25 16 41

+9.6 - +10.0 12 13 25

+10.1 - +10.5 12 12 l

TABLE 3.1-1 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE III 'F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATIOtt NO. 3 JANUARY 1980 DAILY D4Y HOUR AVERAGE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to !! 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.1 34.1 34.0 33.9 34.4 36.2 37.0 35.6 34.8 54.5 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.4 35.9 35.7 34.7 34.3 34.0 33.8 33.7 34.6 2 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.4 %.6 35.2 36.4 37.1 36.3 35.8 35.6 35.5 35.4 35.2 35.1 35.0 35.1 34.5 34.2 34.0 33.9 34.7 3 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.5 33.5 33.9 35.1 37.7 38.5 37.1 36.0 35.5 35.3 35.3 35.2 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.6 34.4 34.1 33.9 33.7 34.9 4 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.3 %.0 36.3 37.5 36.7 35.7 35.1 34.8 34.7 34.6 34.6 34.5 34.4 34.2 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.8 34.5 5 33.8 33.8 33.8 34.3 %.5 34.4 34.5 34.4 34.4 34.0 33.2 33.0 32.8 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 33.2 6 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.7 34.2 34.7 %.2 34.0 33.8 33.5 32.6 7 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.8 34.2 34.7 36.0 37.7 38.0 36.6 35.4 34.8 34.5 34.4 34.5 34.5 34.4 34.3 34.1 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.5 34.6 8 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.8 34.8 37.1 37.8 36.4 35.5 35.0 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.4 34.3 34.3 34.7 9 34.2 34.3 % .4 34.7 35.0 35.5 36.1 37.1 38.4 39.4 39.3 38.7 38.0 37.4 37.0 36.7 36.4 36.2 36.0 35.8 35.7 35.6 35.4 35.3 36.4 10 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.3 35.6 35.9 36.5 37.4 38.2 37.9 36.8 35.9 35.5 35.1 34.9 34.7 34.6 34.5 %.4 34.3 34.2 34.2 34.1 35.5

!! 34.1 34.0 33.9 34.0 34.2 %.6 25.1 36.6 38.6 39.0 38.5 37.1 36.2 35.5 34.7 34.5 %.4 34.3 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 35.1 g 12 33.9 33.9 33.9 33.8 %.0 33.8 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 34.0 34.0 %.! 34.1 34.1 34.0 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.9 N 13 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.5 34.3 36.4 36.9 35.5 34.8 34.3 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 34.1 O 14 33.6 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.4 33.5 34.1 35.9 36.5 36.0 35.4 35.0 34.8 34.6 34.5 34.5 34.4 34.3 34.3 34.1 34.0 33.8 33.9 33.8 34.4

' 15 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7 34.0 34.5 35.4 37.1 38.4 37.4 35.9 35.3 34.9 34.6 34.6 34.5 34.2 34.2 34.2 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.6 M.7 16 33.6 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.8 33.9 33.8 34.0 33.8 33.7 34.5 34.9 34.6 34.4 34.4 %.5 34.6 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.3 %.2 34.2 17 34.1 34.1 33.9 33.7 33.6 33.7 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.7 34.0 34.1 34.3 34.4 34.6 34.5 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5 34.3 34.0 33.8 33.7 34.0 18 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.5 33.7 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.3 %.3 34.3 34.3 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.9 19 31.7 33.5 33.4 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 20 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.7 34.0 34.4 34.8 35.6 36.9 38.1 37.7 36.4 35.3 34.6 34.2 34.0 33.8 34.2 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.2 34.5 21 33.2 33.1 33.0 32.8 32.7 32.8 33.1 34.3 36.5 36.4 35.3 34.7 34.5 34.4 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.4 34.0 22 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.4 33.6 34.5 36.9 37.0 35.7 34.9 34.4 34.2 34.1 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 33.9 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.8 34.2 23 33.8 33.8 34.0 34.2 %. 5 34.8 35.2 36.5 37.9 38.0 36.9 35.9 35.1 34.8 34.6 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.0 33.8 33.8 33.7 34.8 24 33.5 33.4 33.6 34.1 35.2 36.5 36.7 36.1 35.6 35.1 34.5 34.3 34.2 34.2 %.2 34.4 34.6 34.5 34.6 34.4 34.0 33.9 33.9 33.8 34.6 25 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.7 34.0 34.4 34.9 36.0 37.5 37.7 36.9 36.1 35.5 35.3 35.2 35.0 34.9 34.9 34.9 34.7 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.0 35.0 26 %.! 33.9 33.9 34.2 34.4 34.8 35.2 35.5 35.8 36.2 36.5 36.9 37.3 37.5 37.8 37.8 37.9 38.2 39.0 38.8 37.3 36.2 35.2 34.8 36.2 27 %.6 34.5 34.4 34.2 34.2 34.3 34.5 34.7 35.1 35.6 36.1 36.8 37.5 38.0 38.5 38.7 38.7 38.8 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.5 %.9 28 39.7 39.9 40.1 40.1 39.3 38.8 38.3 38.2 37.7 37.5 37.2 36.6 36.0 35.5 35.2 35.0 34.7 34.6 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.2 34.0 33.9 36.6 29 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.1 34.5 35.7 37.3 38.1 37.4 36.7 36.1 35.5 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.5 35.8 36.3 35.6 35.0 34.5 34.3 35.3 30 %.1 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.0 34.2 35.2 36.2 37.6 38.0 37.3 36.9 36.8 36.4 35.8 37.0 37.0 35.6 34.7 34.2 33.9 33.8 33.7 35.3 31 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.5 33.8 34.1 34.3 35.4 37.5 37.2 36.0 35.2 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.5 33.8 33.2 32.9 32.5 32.4 32.3' 32.2 34.2 MONTHLY AVE 8 ACE 34.7 E

M M M M -

M M TABLE 3.1-2 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F YERMONT YANKEE 8AMPl.E STATION No. 3 FEBRUARY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.?

2 32.2 32.5 32.2 32.2 12.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.6 32.8 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.8 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 3 32.5 12. 5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.7 32.5 32.7 32.9 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.0 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.7 4 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.f, 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.6 5 32.3 32.3 32. 3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.6 34.2 35.5 35.1 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.6 34.6 35.5 37.6 36.5 35.7 35.2 34.9 34.6 34.7 6 34.3 34.4 34.6 35.1 35.4 35.7 36.1 36.9 38.3 37.9 36.3 35.3 35.1 35.3 35.4 35.2 35.0 34.9 35.1 35.4 35.7 36.1 36.5 36.9 35.7 7 37.4 37.8 38.3 38.6 38.8 39.0 39.4 39.6 39.9 40.5 39.4 37.9 37.1 36.9 36.6 37.7 35.7 35.8 35.9 35.0 34.5 34.4 34.2 34.2 37.3 8 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.9 34.4 34.9 35.3 35.8 37.3 39.3 37.4 36.4 36.3 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.6 36.0 38.1 37.2 35.4 34.8 34.6 34.5 35.6 9 34.4 34.4 34.3 34.4 34.7 35.4 35.5 35.8 36.4 37.0 38.1 39.0 39.8 40.3 40.7 41.2 41.3 41.5 41.7 39.5 38.8 38.6 38.0 37.6 37.8 10 37.0 36.7 36.6 36.8 37.0 37.5 38.1 38.4 38.5 39.1 40.0 40.3 40.8 41.2 41.5 41.7 41.8 42.0 41.9 39.0 37.1 36.9 36.6 36.6 38.9 11 35.5 35.0 34.7 34.6 34.7 34.6 35.1 35.3 35.6 36.8 37.4 38.5 39.7 40.1 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.2 40.0 39.3 37.4 35.6 34.9 34.5 37.1 l 12 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.1 34.0 34.1 34.3 34.5 36.9 38.1 39.1 39.7 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.0 39.5 38.0 36.3 35.5 35.1 35.0 37.0 to 13 34.9 34.7 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.7 35.1 36.0 36.8 38.1 39.2 39.5 40.0 40.3 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.1 39.8 39.7 39.1 37.9 37.0 36.5 37.7 f 14 %.2 36.0 35.8 35.7 15.7 36.0 36.3 36.7 37.6 38.4 39.0 39.7 40.4 40.8 40.8 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.2 40.0 39.2 38.5 37.9 37.4 38.3 15 36.9 '6.5 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.7 37.0 37.7 38.4 39.2 39.9 40.5 40.9 41.2 41.4 41.4 41.2 40.8 40.5 40.2 39.9 39.7 39.5 39.3 39.1 16 39.3 J9.4 39.4 39.7 39.8 40.0 40.2 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.6 40.8 41.1 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.0 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.4 40.5 17 40.0 39.7 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.7 40.0 40.4 40.9 41.4 41.6 41.8 41.7 41.4 41.1 41.0 41.2 41.2 40.8 40.4 40.4 18 40.2 39.5 39.3 39.0 38.8 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.8 39.2 39.9 40.6 41.2 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.1 40.7 40.3 40.3 40.5 40.4 40.2 40.0 40.0 19 39.7 39.3 39.1 38.9 38.9 38.9 39.2 39.3 39.5 39.9 40.2 40.7 41.3 41.9 42.0 41.4 39.5 37.9 36.5 35.3 34.6 34.2 34.0 33.9 38.6 20 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.6 34.1 35.3 36.0 36.3 36.4 36.7 37.1 37.8 38.3 38.6 38.7 37.5 36.1 34.7 34.1 33.8 33.7 33.6 35.4 21 33.6 33.6 33.4 33.4 33.7 34.0 34.5 35.2 36.0 37.C 38.1 39.0 39.8 40.7 41.1 41.4 41.6 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.6 41.1 40.4 39.9 38.1 22 39.5 39.0 39.0 38.6 38.2 38.1 37.9 37.8 37.8 38.1 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.1 38.0 38.0 38.1 38.3 23 38.2 38.3 38.5 38.8 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.0 37.3 36.9 36.7 36.4 36.2 37.1 37.8 37.9 37.8 37.6 38.0 24 37.3 36.9 36.8 36.9 37.1 37.4 37.8 38.2 38.6 39.0 39.5 40.0 40.4 40.8 41.1 41.5 41.6 41.5 41.3 41.4 41.7 40.8 40.2 39.7 39.5 25 39.3 39.2 38.9 38.4 38.1 39.0 38.5 39.1 39.8 40.2 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.4 39.8 39.3 39.2 39.1 39.0 38.5 37.3 36.1 35.7 39.0 26 35.6 35.6 35.4 35.2 35.1 35.1 35.4 36.0 36.8 37.9 38.9 39.5 39.9 40.1 40.0 39.8 39.6 39.3 39.3 39.7 39.8 38.8 37.7 37.0 37.8 27 36.5 36.1 35.9 15.9 36.0 36.2 36.5 37.0 37.7 38.5 39.4 39.8 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.4 39.1 38.6 38.0 37.3 36.0 35.2 34.8 34.6 37.4 28 34.5 34.4 34.2 34.2 34.2 34.4 34.7 35.7 37.5 38.3 38.0 37.6 37.3 37.5 37.7 37.9 37.8 37.4 37.1 37.3 38.1 38.3 38.1 37.6 36.7 29 37.1 36.8 36.5 36.2 36.0 35.9 35.8 35.8 35.8 36.3 36.8 37.4 38.1 33.8 39.6 40.3 41.0 39.4 37.4 35.9 35.0 34.6 34.3 34.2 36.9 MONTHLY AVERACE 37.1

TABLE 3.1-3 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 MARCH 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.9 34.3 34.7 35.2 35.7 36.5 37.7 38.9 39.3 39.6 39.9 39.8 39.4 39.1 39.0 39.0 35 2 39.2 39.5 37.0 2 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.4 40.7 41.1 41.5 41.9 42.2 42.4 42.4 42.3 42.2 42.1 41.5 41.7 41.5 41.0 3 41.3 41.1 40.9 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 41.0 41.3 41.7 42.1 42.4 42.4 42.0 41.6 41.2 40.6 39.6 37.9 36.3 35.3 34.7 34.3 40.1 4 %.1 %.0 33.9 33.9 33.9 34.1 %.5 35.0 36.0 36.9 38.0 39.0 39.4 39.7 39.7 39.5 39.5 39.4 38.7 37.5 35.8 35.1 34.9 34.7 36.6 5 %.7 %.6 %.6 34.9 35.4 35.9 36.4 37.0 38.1 38.9 39.7 39.9 38.0 %.4 35.3 35.1 35.2 35.6 35.4 34.6 34.1 33.9 33.9 33.9 35.9 6 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.2 34.5 34.9 35.5 36.3 37.1 38.1 38.9 39.6 40.8 41.1 41.1 41.1 40.9 40.5 40.3 40.5 38.7 37.8 37.4 37.0 37.8 7 36.4 35.9 35.6 35.6 35.7 36.0 36.5 37.0 37.6 38.2 38.9 39.4 40.3 41.0 41.6 42.0 42.3 42.3 42.4 41.7 38.8 36.8 35.4 34.6 38.4 8 34.3 %.2 %.3 34.3 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.4 %.8 35.9 38.3 38.6 38.1 37.7 37.3 36.7 36.1 35.9 36.3 38.2 39.0 38.3 37.0 35.9 36.2 9 35.4 35.2 35.1 35.1 34.9 34.8 34.8 35.0 35.4 35.9 36.6 37.3 38.0 36.6 39.2 40.0 40.6 41.0 41.3 41.8 39.9 38.4 37.4 36.8 37.4 10 36.5 36.1 35.8 35.6 35.5 35.5 35.7 36.2 37.2 38.3 39.3 40.1 40.7 40.9 41.1 41.1 40.7 39.9 38.1 36.0 34.9 34.4 34.3 34.2 37.4 11 %.1 34.0 33.9 34.3 35.0 36.0 36.7 37.6 36.6 35.1 34.6 34.3 %.2 %.6 35.3 36.3 37.5 38.2 36.7 35.1 34.3 34.0 33.8 33.7 35.2 1 12 33.7 33.6 33.4 33.4 33.7 34.3 34.8 35.4 35.9 36.2 36.5 36.9 37.1 37.5 37.7 38.0 38.6 38.9 39.1 38.4 36.5 35.1 %.5 34.1 36.0 N 13 %.0 33.9 34.0 34.1 34.1 %.1 %.1 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.3 34.6 35.2 35.6 36.6 37.4 38.0 38.3 38.3 37.9 36.6 35.3 %.6 34.2 35.3 y 14 %.0 33.9 33.8 33.9 34.8 35.1 35.5 35.8 35.8 35.7 35.7 36.0 36.3 36.4 36.7 37.0 37.3 37.3 37.4 36.9 35.6 %.7 34.4 34.3 35.6 15 %.1 34.0 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.9 34.2 34.8 36.5 37.9 37.6 36.6 36.1 36.1 36.0 35.7 35.5 35.7 37.3 37.0 36.4 36.0 35.6 35.5 16 35.1 34.7 34.4 34.4 34.7 35.3 35.7 35.9 36.2 36.7 37.1 37.7 38.2 38.8 39.2 39.8 40.2 40.5 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.2 38.0 17 41.2 41.0 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 41.0 41.2 41.5 41.7 42.0 42.1 42.1 42.0 41.7 41.0 39.4 37.4 35.8 34.9 34.4 34.2 34.1 39.7 18 %.1 34.1 34.2 34.7 35.0 35.2 34.8 34.3 34.0 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.9 34.1 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.5 33.4 33.2 33.1 33.1 33.1 34.0 19 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.1 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.1 33.2 20 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.4 33.6 33.7 33.8 34.0 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.2 34.0 33.9 33.7 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.5 33.6 21 33.4 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.1 33.0 32.9 32.8 32.6 32.5 33.2 22 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.8 33.0 33.1 33.1 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.1 33.1 33.2 32.8 23 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.5 33.7 33.8 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.2 %.3 34.2 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.9 33.9 34.1 33.7 24 %.2 34.2 34.3 34.3 34.4 34.4 %.5 34.5 34.4 34.5 34.7 34.9 35.2 35.3 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.2 35.1 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.0 34.8 25 35.0 35.1 35.1 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.9 35.1 35.3 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.2 35.0 34.8 34.7 34.6 34.5 34.5 34.6 34.5 35.0 26 %.5 34.4 34.3 34.2 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.4 34.5 34.5 34.6 34.7 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.8 34.9 35.0 35.1 35.1 34.5 27 35.1 35.1 35.0 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.8 34.8 35.0 35.1 35.3 35.4 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.2 28 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.9 35.9 35.9 36.0 36.1 36.3 36.6 36.9 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.3 37.3 37.3 37.2 37.1 37.0 36.9 36.9 36.5 29 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.8 36.7 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.4 36.2 36.1 36.0 36.0 36.2 36.5 36.7 36.9 37.1 36.5 30 37.2 37.3 37.3 37.4 37.4 37.4 37.4 37.3 37.3 37.3 37.5 37.6 37.7 37.9 37.9 37.9 37.8 37.7 37.5 37.6 37.5 37.4 37.3 37.1 37.5 31 36.8 36.7 36.7 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.6 36.6 36.7 36.9 37.0 37.1 37.1 37.2 37.2 37.2 37.2 37.2 31.2 37.2 37.2 36.9 MONTHLY AVERAGE 36.1

M M M M M M TABLE 3.1-4 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 APRIL 1980 DAILY DAY ROUP AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 !! 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 37.2 37.2 37.2 37.2 37.1 37.0 36.9 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.2 37.4 37.6 37.7 37.9 38.0 38.1 38.1 38.0 37.9 37.9 37.9 37.9 38.0 37.5 2 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.3 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.6 38.7 38.9 *9.0 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.2 39.2

, 38.8 3 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.2 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.2 39.4 39.6 39.9 40.1 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 39.7 4 40.3 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.8 41.2 40.7 40.7 40.5 40.4 40.1 39.8 39.6 39.5 40.6 5 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.3 39.4 39.6 39.7 39.7 39.7 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.2 39.3 6 39.1 38.9 38.9 38.7 38.7 38.6 38.5 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.7 38.9 39.0 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 39.6. 39.6 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.6 39.0 7 39.7 39 .7 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.9 39.9 39.9 39.9 40.1 40.2 40.5 40.8 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.5 8 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.8 41.5 41.6 41.6 41.6 41.6 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.8 42.1 41.8 41.7 41.8 41.7 41.4 41.5 9 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.3 41.3 41.2 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.9 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.7 41.8 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.4 10 41.6 41.5 41.3 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.3 41.1 40.6 40.5 40.3 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.3 40.2 40.0 39.9 39.7 39.5 39.4 39.3 40.5 11 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.2 40.3 40.3 39.8 g 12 40 1 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.4 40.3 40.3 40.4 to 13 40.2 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.4 40.6 40.8 40.9 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.7 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.2 40.7 W 14 41.2 41.1 41.1 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.2 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.9 41.0 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 40.9 41.0 40.8 41.0

' 15 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.7 40.8 40.9 41.2 41.5 41.8 41.9 42.0 42.3 42.5 42.6 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.5 41.5 16 42.5 42.4 42.4 42.3 42.3 42.2 42.1 42.1 42.0 42.0 42.1 42.3 42.3 42.4 42.4 42.6 42.6 42.5 42.4 42.3 42.2 42.2 42.1 42.1 42.3 17 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.5 41.3 41.2 41.0 41.0 41.0 41.2 41.2 41.4 41.5 41.7 41.8 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.6 18 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.8 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.6 41.6 41.7 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.9 41.9 41.8 41.8 19 41.9 41.9 41.9 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.1 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.0 43.0 42.9 43.0 42.9 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.5 20 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.1 43.3 43.6 43.8 4.2 4.4 44.7 44.8 44.8 44.8 44.7 44.6 44.6 4.4 44.5 44.4 4.4 43.9 21 44.5 44.5 44.5 44.5 44.5 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.4 4.6 44.9 45.2 45.5 45.9 46.1 46.3 4.4 46.3 4.2 45.9 45.7 45.6 45.6 45.7 45.2 22 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 23 4.6 46.7 46.7 46.8 46.7 46.7 46.8 46.7 46.3 46,0 46.0 4.0 46.1 46.3 46.6 46.9 47.1 47.3 47.3 47.4 47.2 47.1 47.0 46.9 46.7 24 46.8 46.7 46.6 46.5 46.4 46.4 46.4 46.5 46.6 4. 7 46.9 47.0 47.3 47.6 47.9 48.1 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.1 48.0 47.9 47.8 47.8 47.3 25 47.7 47.7 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.8 47.7 47.5 47.4 47.3 47.2 47.2 47.2 47.3 47.3 47.5 47.6 47.6 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.5 47.5 47.6 26 47.5 47.5 47.5 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.4 47.3 47.3 47.4 47.5 47.7 47.9 48.2 48.4 43.6 48.6 48.7 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.0 27 48.7 48.7 48.8 48.7 48.8 48.8 48.8 48.7 48.8 48.9 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.4 49.2 49.1 49.0 49.0 49.0 28 48.9 48.8 48.8 48.7 48.6 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.6 48.5 48.4 48.3 48.1 48.0 47.9 47.7 47.5 48.5 29 47.3 47.1 47.0 46.8 46.7 4.7 46.6 46.5 46.6 46.6 46.7 46.7 46.7 46.7 4.7 46.7 46.6 4.6 46.6 46.5 46.4 4.3 4. 3 46.2 46.6 30 4.1 %.1 46.1 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.1 4.2 46.3 46.5 46.7 4.9 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.1 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 46.5 MONTHLY AVERACE 42.7

TABLE 3.1-5 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YA' 7 3 AMPLE STATION 8K' s MAY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.5 47.6 47.7 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.8 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.7 47.7 47.4 2 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.8 48.0 48.3 48.6 48.8 49.2 49.4 49.6 49.8 49.8 49.9 49.8 49.5 49.5 49.5 48.6 3 49.5 49.6 49.6 49.6 49.6 49.5 49.3 49.3 49.3 49.4 49.7 50.0 50. 50.8 51.1 51.5 51.6 51.7 51.7 51.9 51.9 51.6 51.6 51.5 50.5 4 51.3 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.5 51.5 51.6 51.6 51.0 51.7 51.9 52.0 52.1 52.4 52.7 52.6 52.6 52.) 52.7 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.1 5 52.5 52.5 52.4 52.5 52.5 52.6 52.6 52.8 53.2 53.3 53.8 54.4 55.3 55.5 56.0 56.2 55.9 55.2 %.8 54.6 %.1 %.0 54.0 54.0 53.9 6 %.1 %.! %.2 54.3 54.2 54.3 %.5 54.6 54.7 55.4 55.9 56.3 56.6 56.7 57.0 56.8 56.5 %.1 55.8 55.7 55.7 55.6 55.7 55.9 55.4 1 %.1 %.3 %.2 %.1 55 8 55.7 55.5 55.6 55.8 55.9 56.0 55.9 55.9 55.9 56.1 56.3 56.4 56.6 %.8 56.9 56.9 56.9 56.8 56.7 56.2 8 %.4 56.2 56.0 55.9 55.7 55.4 55.2 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.2 55.1 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.3 9 %5.1 55.1 55.1 55.1 55.1 54.9 54.9 54.5 54.4 %.4 54.4 54.3 %.2 54.2 %.2 %.2 54.2 %.2 %.2 %.0 53.9 53.8 53.7 53.6 %.4 10 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.2 53.2 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.6 53.8 54.1 %.2 54.3 54.3 %.2 %.1 %.0 53.8 53.5 53.3 53.2 53.6 11 53.0 52.9 52.8 52.6 52.5 52.5 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.6 52.8 52.9 53.0 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.7 52.6 52.5 52.4 52.7 I 12 52.4 52.3 52.3 52.2 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.1 52.0 $2.2 52.3 52.6 52.8 53.2 53.4 53.5 53.8 53.9 53.9 53.8 53.8 53.9 53.9 53.8 52.9 13 53.8 53.8 53.8 53.8 53.9 53.9 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.0 % .1 54.1 %.2 %.2 54.2 %.2 %. 3 %.4 54.5 %.6 %.5 %.4 %.3 %.1 g 14 %.1 54.0 53.9 53.9 53.8 53.8 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.8 33.8 53.9 54.0 %.1 %.3 %.4 54.4 %.4 %.5 54.5 '4.6 %.6 %.6 %.5 %.1 15 %.4 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.3 54.3 54.2 %.3 54.3 54.4 54.6 54.7 54.7 54.6 54.6 54.6 %.6 %.5 %.4 54.3 54.2 %.1 %.0 53.9 54.4 16 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.6 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.3 53.4 53.4 53.6 53.8 54.1 %.4 54.6 %.8 55.0 55.1 55.1 %.9 54.8 54.7 %.5 54.6 %.1 17 %.4 %.4 54.3 54.3 %.3 %.2 54.2 54.1 %.1 %.2 54.4 54.7 55.0 55.3 55.7 55.9 56.2 %.4 %.4 56.3 56.1 %.0 56.0 56.1 55.1 18 %.1 %. 3 56.4 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.4 %.5 %.5 %.4 56.2 56.3 56.1 %.4 56.4 %.4 %.4 %.4 %.4 56.3 56.3 56.2 %.0 56.3 19 55.9 56.1 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.4 56.3 56.0 56.1 54.2 56.3 56.3 56.3 56.4 56.6 56.8 57.0 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.1 57.0 56.9 56.5 20 %.6 56.4 56.3 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.3 56.4 56.6 56.8 57.1 57.4 57.7 57.9 58.1 58.3 58.4 58.4 58.2 58.1 58.0 57.8 57.2 21 57.7 57.6 57.6 57.7 57.7 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.5 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.9 57.9 58.0 58.0 58.1 58.2 57.8 22 58.3 58.3 58.2 58.6 58.7 58.8 58.3 58.0 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.9 58.2 58.4 58.7 58.9 59.1 59.3 59.4 59.4 %9.3 59.2 59.1 59.1 58.6 23 59.0 59.0 58.9 58.9 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 59.0 59.2 59.6 60.0 60.3 60.7 61.1 61.4 61.5 61.6 61.7 on.7 61.6 61.6 61.5 60.1 24 61.3 61.3 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.1 61.0 60.9 60.8 60.8 60.9 61.1 61.3 61.6 61.8 62.1 62.3 62.5 62.7 62.7 62.7 62.8 62.9 63.2 61.7 25 63.3 63.4 63.4 63.4 63.5 63.5 63.7 63.9 M.2 M.0 63.8 63.9 M.2 65.2 65.7 M.0 H.1 66.1 66.0 65.4 64.9 M.6 M.3 M. 5 M.5 26 M.8 64.8 M.6 M.6 M.7 64.7 64.6 M.4 64.4 M.7 65.0 64.8 M.9 65.5 65.4 65.8 65.9 65.9 65.9 65.8 65.3 64.5 M.5 M.8 65.0 27 M.8 64.6 %.4 M.5 64.6 M. 5 M.3 63.7 63.5 63.5 63.6 63.7 63.9 M.2 MS M.9 65.6 65.7 65.5 65.2 65.0 M.9 M.7 M.6 M.5 28 M.8 64.8 M.7 M.3 64.3 M.4 M. 3 64.1 64.0 63.9 63.8 M0 M.2 M.5 M. 7 65.0 65.2 65.6 65.7 65.6 65.4 65.2 65.2 65.4 M.7 29 65.4 65.2 65.1 65.0 65.0 64.9 64.8 64.7 M.6 M.5 M.2 64.2 M.4 M.7 64.1 65.2 65.5 65.9 66.3 66.4 66.3 65.8 65.6 65.9 65.2 30 65.8 65.4 65.5 65.6 65.7 65.7 65.9 65.5 65.0 M.9 M.9 M.8 M.9 65.1 65.1 65.3 65.2 65.1 65.2 65.8 66.0 66.0 66.1 M.1 65.4 31 65.9 65.7 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.6 65.6 66.0 66.1 65.9 65.6 65.4 65.5 66.0 66.4 66.8 67.0 67.1 67.0 67.0 66.7 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.1 MONTHLY AVERACE 57.1

M M M M M M '

M M M T70BIJ 3.1-6 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION M9. >

JUNE 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 66 . 5 66.4 66.3 66.3 66.3 66.4 66.7 66.8 66.8 67.1 67.2 67.4 68.0 68.6 68.9 69.1 69.3 69.2 69.0 68.8 68.6 68.5 68.6 68.7 67.7 2 68.5 68.2 68.0 68.3 68.5 68.4 68.5 68.3 67.8 67.3 67.1 67.0 66.8 66.6 66.5 66.4 66.4 66.3 66.2 66.0 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.9 67.1 3 66.5 66.7 66.8 66.8 66.9 67.0 67.4 66.9 66.0 65.8 65.8 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.0 66.1 66.1 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.9 65.7 65.9 66.7 66.3 4 66.2 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.8 65.8 65.8 65.9 66.0 66.1 66.3 66.6 66.9 67.1 67.1 67.1 67.0 67.0 66.8 66.6 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.3 66.4 5 66.2 66.1 66.0 65.9 65.8 65.7 65.6 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.7 65.8 66.0 66.1 66.3 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.2 66.1 66.0 66.0 6 65.9 65.9 65.8 65.6 65.5 65.3 65.2 65.2 65.1 65.0 65.0 65.1 65.3 65.4 65.5 65.6 65.6 65.6 65.5 65.4 65.2 65.1 65.0 64.9 65.4 7 64.9 65.5 66.3 66.3 66.1 66.2 66.4 66.5 66.6 65.3 64.6 64.6 64.7 64.7 64.6 64.7 64.9 65.4 65.6 65.7 65.2 64.9 65.0 65.6 65.4 8 65.6 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.6 65.7 65.8 65.8 65.6 64.8 64.7 64.6 64.5 64.4 64.7 64.7 64.8 64.9 64.9 64.8 64.4 64.2 64.0 63.8 65.0 9 63.6 63.5 64.1 64.3 64.7 65.0 65.1 64.7 63.2 62.7 62.7 62.7 62.9 63.0 63.1 63.3 63.4 63.5 63.6 63.5 63.4 63.2 63.2 63.1 63.6 10 63.1 63.2 64.0 64.5 64.6 64.7 64.9 65.0 63.6 63.0 63.0 62.9 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.1 62.9 62.8 62.7 62.5 62.4 62.3 62.2 63.3 11 62.2 63.4 64.2 64.3 64.3 64.3 64.4 62.9 61.7 61.4 61.4 61.4 61.5 61.6 61.6 61.7 61.8 61.9 62.0 62.1 61.8 6! .7 61.6 61.4 62.4 l

p 12 61.5 62.5 63.1 63.2 63.3 63.3 61.7 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.4 61.6 61.8 62.1 62.3 62.6 62.7 62.9 63.5 63.7 63.7 63.8 64.0 64.3 62.6 (n 13 64.9 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.2 63.2 62.2 62.2 62.3 62.4 62.6 62.6 62.6 62.6 62.6 63.1 64.0 64.2 64.0 63.7 63.5 63.7 8 14 63.3 63.1 63.1 63.2 63.1 63.1 63.2 63.2 63.4 63.4 63.2 63.5 64.0 64.9 65.4 65.5 65.4 65.3 65.2 64.9 64.7 64.5 64.3 64.1 64.0 15 63.9 63.7 63.4 63.3 63.4 63.4 63.6 64.0 64.5 65.3 65.9 65.8 66.3 66.5 66.6 66.4 66.5 66.2 65.8 65.4 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.9 65.1 16 66 .4 66.7 67.0 67.1 67.3 67.8 66.9 66.3 66.1 (4.1 65.8 65.3 65.1 64.9 64.8 64.8 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.0 64.8 64.7 64.6 64.5 65.7 17 64.3 64.5 65.6 66.1 66.2 66.3 66.5 66.6 64.7 64.1 64.2 64.4 64.6 64.9' 65.2 65.4 65.7 65.9 65.9 66.2 60.7 65.3 65.4 66.0 65.4 18 66.0 65.9 65.9 66.0 65.9 65.9 66.0 65.9 65.4 65.2 65.4 65.7 65.9 66.0 64.1 66.0 65.8 65.8 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.1 66.3 66.9 65.9 19 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.8 66.9 67.0 67.1 67.4 66.6 66.4 66.7 66.9 67.3 67.5 67.8 68.0 68.7 69.1 69.0 68.8 68.1 67.4 67.2 67.3 67.4 20 67.3 67.2 67.1 67.1 67.2 67.3 67.5 67.6 66.9 66.6 66.6 66.7 66.6 66.6 66.6 66.9 67.4 67.4 67.3 67.3 67.3 67.2 67.1 67.2 67.1 21 67.3 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.3 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.2 66.9 67.1 67.8 68.3 68.5 68.4 68.5 68.4 68.3 68.2 68.1 68.0 67.9 67.7 22 67.8 67.8 67.7 67.8 68.0 68.1 68.3 68.8 69.3 69.8 70.4 70.9 71.2 71.3 71.6 71.7 72.0 71.4 71.0 70.7 69.9 69.0 69.1 69.7 69.7 43 69.8 69.9 69.9 69.9 69.8 69.8 70.0 70.2 69.2 68.5 68.6 69.0 69.4 69.7 69.5 70.1 71.3 71.2 70.2 69.9 70.1 70.1 70.1 69.9 69.8 24 69.8 69.6 69.5 69.5 69.6 69.7 70.0 70.3 70.4 70.3 70.4 70.5 70.5 70.6 70.6 71.0 71.8 72.3 72.5 72.4 72.2 72.1 71.9 71.7 70.8 25 71.5 71.4 71.3 71.2 71.1 71.0 71.0 71.1 71.3 72.0 71.6 71.5 71.9 72.0 71.9 71.6 71.5 71.8 72.3 72.4 72.2 72.0 71.9 71.8 71.6 26 71.7 71.6 71.5 71.5 71.5 71.4 71.4 71.5 71.6 71.8 71.3 71.1 71.5 71.8 72.2 72.6 72.8 72.9 72.8 72.7 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.0 27 72.5 72.3 72.2 72.1 72.0 71.9 71.9 72.0 72.2 72.0 72.2 72.7 73.0 73.3 73.9 74.4 74.7 74.9 75.1 75.0 74.8 74.7 74.6 74.6 73.3 28 74.4 74.4 74.2 74.1 73.9 73.8 73.7 73.7 73.7 74.1 74.5 74.8 75.0 75.2 75.3 75.4 75.5 75.1 74. 7 74.3 74.0 73.8 73.7 73.7 74.4 29 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.9 74.0 74.0 76.1 74.2 74.3 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.3 74.1 74.0 73.7 73.6 73.4 72.9 72.4 72.3 72.2 73.7 30 72 . 2 72.1 72.1 72.o 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.8 71.8 71.9 72.1 72.7 73.1 72.7 72.6 72.5 72.0 MONTHLY AVERAGE 67.4

_ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ____a

TABLE 1.1-7 AVERACE HOURLY TEMFERATURF. IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 JULY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 72.5 72.6 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.7 72.7 72.8 73.1 72.3 72.1 72.3 72.6 72.9 73.1 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.0 72.6 72.2 72.2 72.6 72.7 2 72.6 72 . 5 72.5 72.4 72.5 72.3 72.3 72.2 71.8 71.4 71.3 71.1 71.2 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.6 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.8 3 71.8 71.7 71.7 71.6 72.0 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.5 71.4 71.6 71.9 72.2 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.8 72.8 72.6 72.4 72.2 71.9 72.0 4 71.9 71.7 71.6 71.5 71.6 71.7 71.7 71.9 72.2 72.5 72.8 72.8 73.0 73.4 74.1 74.9 75.3 75.2 75.0 74.6 73.8 73.6 74.4 75.0 73.2 5 75. 0 74 . 9 74.8 74.8 74.7 74.5 74.4 74.4 74.5 74.4 74.1 74.6 75.0 74.9 74.8 75.3 75.4 74.6 73.6 74.3 74.1 73.9 73.9 74.0 74.5 6 74.4 74.3 74.2 74.3 74.2 74.2 74.0 73.9 74.0 74.1 74.4 74.7 74.8 75.2 75.5 75.4 75.5 75.4 75.1 74.7 74.1 73.5 73.5 73.6 74.5 7 73.8 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.6 73.5 73.6 73.7 73.3 72.8 72.9 73.1 '73.3 73.6 74.1 75.0 75.3 75.2 74.8 74.6 74.2 74.3 74.4 73.9 8 74.3 74.4 74.4 74.7 74.6 74.7 74.7 74.8 74.9 74.7 74.3 74.1 74.1 73.9 73.5 73.4 73.2 73.3 73.6 74.0 73.9 73.6 73.6 73.5 74.1 9 73.4 73.5 73.6 73.f 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.9 74.0 73.9 73.8 73.6 73.6 73.7 74.0 74.2 74.5 74.7 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.8 74.7 74.6 74.1 10 74.5 74.4 74.4 74.3 74.3 74.2 74.2 74.2 74.0 74.0 74.2 74.2 74.3 74.5 74.5 74.7 74.6 74.3 74.4 74.6 74.5 74.5 74.4 74.2 74.4 11 73.9 73.7 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.6 73.9 74.3 74.4 74.4 74.5 74.6 74.8 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.1 75.0 74.9 74.2 3 12 74.7 74.6 74.4 74.4 74.2 74.2 74.1 74.2 74.4 75.0 75.2 75.4 75.5 75.9 76.0 75.8 75.6 75.9 76.1 76.1 76.0 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.2 h( 13 75.4 75.2 75.2 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.2 75.4 75.8 76.0 76.4 76.7 77.0 77.2 77.2 76.9 76.3 76.1 76.2 76.1 76.2 76.2 76.1 76.0 1 14 76.0 75.9 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.7 75.9 75.6 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.6 75.7 75.9 76.1 76.0 75.7 75.5 75.3 75.4 75.8 76.1 75.7 15 76.0 75.9 75.7 75.6 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.8 76.0 76.4 76.0 75.4 75.4 75.8 75.8 75.8 76.0 76.1 76.1 76.2 76.5 76.9 76.9 76.7 76.0 16 76.4 76.3 76.2 76.1 76.1 76.1 76.0 76.1 75.8 75.6 75.8 76.2 76.5 76.6 76.4 76.6 77.1 77.7 78.2 78.3 78.1 75.0 78.1 78.1 76.8 17 78.1 78.2 78.2 7d.3 78.3 77.9 78.4 78.5 78.8 78.1 77.8 77.9 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.6 79.1 79.0 73.9 78.7 70.5 78.3 78.2 78.3 18 78.1 78.2 78.3 78.4 78.4 78.4 78.4 78.3 78.3 78.6 78.4 78.2 78.5 78.6 78.7 78.7 78.9 79.1 79.2 79.1 79.0 78.9 78.8 78.8 78.6 19 78.8 78.7 78.6 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.4 78.4 78.6 78.8 79.1 78.6 73.0 78.1 78.4 78.8 78.9 78.8 78.6 78.3 77.9 77.6 77.4 77.3 78.4 20 77. 2 77.2 77.1 77.1 77.0 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.2 77.5 77.8 78.0 78.0 78.3 78.5 78.4 78.2 78.0 77.8 77.7 77.7 77.6 77.6 77.7 77.6 21 77.6 77.7 77.7 77.8 77.8 77.9 78.0 78.1 78.1 78.5 78.9 78.9 79.0 78.9 78.5 78.4 78.6 79.0 79.6 79.8 79.8 79.9 80.1 80.0 78t7 22 79. 8 79.7 79.6 79.5 79.3 79.2 79.2 79.3 79.4 79.4 79.4 78.8 78.8 78.9 79.0 79.1 79.1 79.0 79.1 79.3 79.3 79.2 79.1 79.0 79.2 23 77.0 79.0 79.0 79.2 79.2 79.3 79.5 79.5 79.6 79.6 79.1 78.9 78.9 79.0 79.1 79.2 79.2 79.4 79.9 80.0 79.8 79.7 79.6 79.7 79.4 24 79.6 79.6 79.6 79.6 79.6 79.5 79.5 79.5 79.4 79.4 79.3 79.1 79.0 79.0 79.7 79.3 79.5 79.5 79.6 79.7 79.8 79.8 79.6 79.6 79.5 25 79.5 79.4 79.3 79.3 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.1 78.9 78.9 78.9 79.1 79.4 79.8 80.0 80.2 80.4 80.6 80.7 80.7 80.7 80.6 80.5 80.3 79.7 26 80.2 80.1 80.0 79.9 79.9 79.8 79.8 79.8 79.8 80.0 80.1 79.9 79.8 79.8 79.6 79.6 79.5 79.5 79.7 79.8 79.8 79.8 79.8 79.7 79.8 27 79.7 79.6 79.5 79.4 79.3 79.4 79.4 79.5 79.6 79.8 80.2 80.5 80.8 80.9 81.2 81.3 80.8 80.1 79.9 79.7 79.1 79.1 79.4 79.5 79.9 28 79.6 79.6 79.5 79.5 79.6 79.6 79.8 79.8 79.5 79.2 79.2 79.3 79.4 79.6 79.7 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.8 79.8 79.9 80.2 80.0 79.9 79.7 29 79.9 79.8 79.8 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.9 79.4 79.0 79.0 73.9 78.9 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.8 79.0 79.2 79.1 79.2 79.3 79.3 30 79.3 79.4 79.3 79.3 79.2 79.1 79.1 79.1 78.8 78.5 78.4 78.5 78.6 78.9 79.0 79.2 79.4 79.6 79.6 79.7 79.7 79.7 79.6 79.5 79.2 31 79.4 79.2 79.1 79.0 79.0 78.9 78.9 78.9 78.8 78.7 78.7 78.7 78.8 78.9 79.0 79.1 79.3 79.5 79.6 79.9 79.8 79.6 79.5 79.4 79.2 MONTHLY AVERACE 76.6 M '

M M M A M M M M M M M M M

m m m M M M M M M M M M TABLE 3.1-8 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 AUGUST 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 l'1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1

79.3 79.3 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.3 79.4 79.6 79.3 79.0 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.4 78.4 78.2 78.2 78.4 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.3 78.8 2

78.3 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.2 78.1 78.0 78.0 78.1 78.3 78.4 78.5 78.6 78.7 78.8 78.8 78.7 78.5 78.4 78.3 78.3 3 78.3 78.4 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.4 78.5 78.3 78.0 78.1 78.C 78.2 78.6 78.9 79.2 79.2 79.2 78 1 4 SY; TEM INGPERATIVE 5 SYSTEM IMOPERATIVE 6 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 7 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 8 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 80.4 80.4 80.3 80.3 80.2 9

80.2 80.1 80.1 80.0 79.8 79.6 79.6 79.5 79.4 79.7 79.8 79.9 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.1 80.1 80.0 79.9 79.7 79.6 79.6 79.7 79.7 79.8 10 79.7 79.7 79.5 79.5 79.5 79.6 79.6 79.5 79.5 79.5 79.6 79.7 79.8 79.8 79.9 79.8 79.8 79.7 79.5 79.4 79.3 79.4 79.4 79.3 79.6 11 1

79.3 79.2 79.1 79.0 79.0 78.9 78.8 78.8 78.7 78.6 78.5 78.2 78.3 77.8 77.7 77.5 77.4 77.3 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.5 77.5 78.2 12 77.5 77.5 77.5 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.3 77.0 77.0 76.9 76.9 76.9 77.0 77.0 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.3 U 13 77.5 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.1 77.2 77.3 77.3 77.4 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.7 77.7 77.6 77.4 77.2 77.1 77.0 76.8 77.4 14 5

76.8 76.7 76.7 76.6 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.3 76.4 76.5 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.5 76.4 76.4 76.4 76.4 76.6 76.3 76.3 76.6 76.5 76.5 15 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.1 76.1 76.1 76.0 75.9 75.9 75.9 75.8 75.9 76.1 76.1 76.1 76.3 76.6 76.8 76.8 76.6 76.4 76.2 76.2 76.1 76.2 16 76.0 76.0 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.6 75.4 75.4 75.3 75.3 75.1 74.9 75.0 75.2 75.3 15.3 75.2 75.0 75.0 74.7 74.6 74.2 74.1 75.2 17 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 18 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 19 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.5 73.5 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.4 73.2 73.3 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.5 20 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.2 73.2 73.1 73.1 73.1 73.0 73.1 73.1 73.0 73.2 21 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.4 22 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.1 72.1 .72.1 72.0 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.8 71.7 72.0 23 71.7 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.5 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.5 71.7 71.9 72.0 72.3 72.7 73.0 73.0 73.0 73.1 73.0 73.0 72.9 73.0 73.0 72.2 24 72.9 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.8 72.3 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.8 73.2 73.6 73.9 74.1 74.2 74.5 74.7 74.9 74.8 74.6 74.5 74.5 74.6 74.6 73.7 25 74 .5 74.4 74.3 74.1 74.0 73.9 73.S 73.7 73.6 73.7 73.6 73.8 74.0 73.9 73.7 73.6 73.6 73.7 73.8 74.0 74.2 74.2 74.1 74.0 73.9 26 73.8 73.7 73.6 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.5 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.4 73.2 73.5 27 73.1 73.2 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.5 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.8 73.0 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.8 72.9 28 72.8 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.6 29 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.1 72.3 72.4 72.6 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.1 72.1 72.2 30 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.2 72.4 72.8 73.1 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.1 72.9 72.8 72.7 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.5 31 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.5 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.9 73.2 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.5 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.7 73.1 MONTHLY AVERACE 75.2

TABLE 3.1-9 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 1950 DAILY EAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 !! 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.8 73.8 74.0 74.1 74.4 74.6 74.8 75.1 74.7 74.9 75.2 75.5 75.3 74.7 75.3 76.1 75.3 74.7 74.8 75.2 75.6 74.7 2 75.8 75.7 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.7 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.2 74.3 74.4 74.7 74.9 74.9 74.9 75.0 75.1 75.0 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.4 75.1 3 74.3 74.1 74.1 74.0 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.7 74.4 74.7 74.9 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.3 75.4 75.3 75.2 75.1 74.9 74.8 74.6 74.6 4 74.3 74.1 74.1 73.9 73.9 73.9 74.0 74.0 76.0 74.1 74.1 74.3 74.3 74.8 75.2 75.5 75.7 75.8 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.7 75.7 75.6 74.8 5 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.4 75.4 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.2 75.3 75.2 75.1 75.1 75.1 75.1 75.1 75.1 75.2 75.3 75.2 75.2 75.1 75.0 74.9 75.2 6 74.9 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.6 74.5 74.4 74.3 76.2 76.2 74.4 74.6 74.8 75.0 75.3 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.3 75.3 75.2 75.2 75.3 74.9 7 75.3 75.3 75.2 75.1 75.1 75.0 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.9 75.2 75.5 75.7 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.7 75.6 75.3 75.1 74.9 74.7 74.5 75.2 8 74.4 74.3 74.2 74.0 73.9 73.7 73.6 73.4 73.5 73.5 73.7 73.9 74.0 74.2 74.3 74.4 74.5 74.4 74.2 74.0 73.8 73.6 73.4 73.3 73.9 9 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.8 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.9 73.0 73.4 73.5 73.8 73.9 74.2 74.6 74.5 74.2 74.0 73.8 73.7 73.6 73.4 10 73.6 73.6 73.6 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.5 73.6 73.8 73.7 73.8 73.9 73.8 73.7 73.5 73.5 73.6 11 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.8 72.4 72.3 72.4 72.6 72.8 72.9 73.0 73.2 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.3 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.9 73.0

[ 12 72 . 8 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.7 72.6 72.8 72.7 73.1 73.4 73.5 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.4 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.8 72.7 73.0 og 13 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.1 71.8 71.8 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.6 71.5 71.4 71.4 71.3 72.0 8 14 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.0 70.9 71.0 71.0 71.1 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.2 71.4 71.5 71.4 71.3 71.2 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.0 71.0 71.1 15 71.0 70.9 70.9 70.9 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 70.5 70.2 70.0 69.9 70.0 69.9 69.7 69.6 69.5 69.8 70.3 70.4 70.2 70.1 70.1 69.9 70.3 16 69.8 69.8 69.8 69.7 69.8 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.2 69.0 68.7 68.5 68.6 68.8 68.9 69.0 69.2 69.5 69.7 69.6 69.5 69.4 69.3 69.2 69.3 17 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.1 68.9 68.8 68.8 68.7 66.5 68.4 67.8 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.7 67.8 67.8 67.9 67.9 67.8 67.7 67.6 67.6 67.6 68.2 18 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.5 67.5 67.4 67.4 67.5 67.5 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.6 67.7 67.7 67.7 67.6 67.4 67.2 67.0 66.9 67.5 19 M.8 66.? 00.6 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.1 66.0 65.9 M.0 M.0 M.0 66.1 66.2 M.4 M.5 M.7 M.8 M.8 66.7 66.5 M.4 66.3 66.2 M.4 20 M.! 66.1 66.0 66.0 66.0 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.8 M.0 M.2 M.2 M.1 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.9 21 65.6 65.6 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.9 M.5 57.1 67.f 68.1 68.1 68.2 67.8 67.2 66.3 66.2 66.1 66.6 66.6 66.4 22 M.7 M.7 66.6 66.6 66.6 M.6 66.5 66.4 66.3 66.1 66.2 M.4 66.6 66.8 67.0 67.5 67.8 68.0 67.8 67.6 67.5 67.3 67.3 67.3 66.9 23 67.3 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.1 67.0 67.0 67.0 66.9 M.9 M.9 07.1 67.2 67.1 67.1 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.0 M.9 M.9 66.8 66.8 67.1 24 M.6 M.6 66.5 66.3 66.2 66.1 65.9 65.7 65.8 65.9 65.9 65.9 M.0 66.1 M. 3 66.5 66.7 M.9 66.9 M.9 M.8 M.6 66.4 M.2 M.3 25 M.0 65.7 65.5 65.4 65.3 65.2 65.1 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.4 65.5 65.6 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.6 65.6 65.5 65.5 65.5 65.6 65.4 26 65.5 65.4 65.2 65.1 65.0 64.9 M.8 64.8 64.7 M.7 64.6 M.7 M.8 64.9 64.9 65.0 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.1 65.0 27 M.9 M.7 M.5 64.3 M.! M.0 63.7 63.6 63.4 63.2 63.1 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.1 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.1 63.0 62.8 62.7 62.5 63.4 28 62.3 62.2 62.0 61.8 61.7 61.5 61.3 61.2 61.1 61.1 61.3 61.5 61.6 61.8 62.1 62.3 62.4 62.3 62.1 61.8 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.5 61.8 29 61.3 61.1 61.0 60.9 60.8 60.6 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.5 60.7 60.8 61.0 61.2 61.4 61.5 61.5 61.5 61.4 61.3 61.2 61.1 61.0 60.9 61.0 30 60.8 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.4 60.2 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.3 60.4 60.6 60.8 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.4 61.5 61.5 61.4 61.3 61.2 61.0 60.8 MONTHLY AVERACE 69.5 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE 3.1-10 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 OCTOBER 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 61.0 60.9 60.9 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.8 60.8 60.9 61.0 61.1 61.3 61.4 61.5 61.6 61.7 61.7 61.7 61.7 61.6 61.1 2 61.6 61.5 61.5 61.5 61.4 61.4 61.4 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.4 61.6 61.8 61.9 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 61.9 62.1 62.1 61.6 3 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.1 61.8 61.6 61.6 61.7 61.7 61.7 61.9 61.9 62.0 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.6 61.5 61.4 61.3 61.8 4 61.2 61.1 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.4 61.4 61.5 61.4 61.3 61.3 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.1 61.1 61.0 60.9 61.2 5 60.9 60.9 60.8 60.8 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.5 60.5 60.5 60.7 60.9 61.0 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.2 61.3 61.2 61.1 61.1 60.9 6 61.0 61.0 60.9 60.7 60.6 60.5 60.6 60.5 60.6 60.5 60.6 60.7 60.8 60.') 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.3 61.2 61.3 61.2 61.1 60.9 60.8 60.9 7 60.7 60.6 60.7 61.1 61.3 61.3 61.3 60.6 60.2 60.2 60.1 60.1 60.2 60.4 60.5 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.4 60.2 60.0 59.8 59.8 60.1 60.5 8 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.1 60.0 59.8 59.8 59.S 59.3 59.1 59.0 59.0 59.1 59.2 59.3 59.4 59.5 59.5 59.4 59.2 59.0 58.9 58.7 58.6 59.4 9 58.8 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.3 59.3 58.7 58.2 58.4 58.4 58.4 58.5 58.8 58.9 59.0 59.1 59.0 58.9 58.8 58.8 58.7 58.6 58.4 58.3 58.8 10 58.2 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.7 57.6 57.4 57.3 57.3 57.2 57.4 57.6 57.9 58.0 58.1 58.1 58.0 58.0 57.7 57.6 57.6 57.5 57.6 57.5 57.7 la 57.5 57.5 $7.5 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.4 57.4 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 1

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$ 13 56.6 56.6 56.5 56.4 56.4 56.5 56.6 56.7 56.7 56.8 56.8 56.9 57.0 57.3 56.8 56.5 56.4 56.4 56.6 56.0 55.8 56.1 56.2 56.1 %.5 1 14 56.0 55.9 55.9 55.8 55.7 55.7 55.8 55.7 55.1 54.8 54.6 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.9 55.5 55.1 54.6 %.5 54.4 54.4 54.5 54.9 55.1 15 55.0 %.9 54.8 54.7 54.6 %.6 54.6 54.4 53.9 53.6* $3.6 53.6 53.7 54.0 54.1 54.4 55.1 54.9 54.4 54.3 54.2 54.3 54.7 54.7 54.4

16 %.7 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.6 54.1 53.8 53.8 53.7 53.7 53.8 53.9 54.2 54.3 54.0 53.8 53.8 53.7 53.6 %.0 54.3 54.2 17 54.3 54.3 54.3 54.3 %.2 54.2 54.2 54.2 53.7 53.4 53.4 53.4 53.5 53.6 53.8 53.9 %.2 %.2 54.2 54.1 54.1 54.2 54.4 54.5 54.0 18 %.5 54.5 54.5 54.6 54.6 54.7 54.7 54.7 54.5 %.3 54.3 54.2 54.2 54.2 54.4 54.6 54.8 54.6 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.4 %.7 54.9 %.5 19 %.8 54.9 54.9 54.8 54.8 54.9 %.9 54.9 54.5 %.9 55.0 55.2 55.2 55.4 55.6 55.8 55.7 55.2 54.9 54.9 %.9 54.7 54.8 55.0 55.0 20 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 $4.7 54.3 54.0 53.9 53.9 54.0 53.9 54.0 54.0 53.9 53.8 53.7 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.5 53.5 54.2 21 53.3 53.3 53.2 53.1 53.0 52.9 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.3 53.4 53.4 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.6 53.5 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.6 53.7 53.3 22 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.2 52.8 52.6 52.6 52.5 52.5 52.6 52.9 52.7 52.7 52.6 52.5 52.4 52.3 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.8 23 52.2 52.2 52.1 52.2 52.1 52.1 52.1 52.1 52.0 51.8 51.7 51.7 51.8 51.7 51.6 51.6 51.6 51.5 51.4 51.3 51.2 51.0 51.0 50.9 51.7 24 50.9 51.0 51.0 51.0 50.9 50.9 50.9 50.9 50.9 50.8 50.8 50.9 50.7 50.6 50.6 50.7 50.6 50.6 50.5 50.4 50.3 50.2 50.1 49.9 50.7 25 49.7 49.6 49.6 49.5 49.4 49.3 49.2 49.0 48.9 48.7 48.6 48.6 48.6 48.5 48.5 48.6 48.5 48.5 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.3 48.3 48.8 26 48.3 48.3 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.4 48.3 48.2 48.2 48.3 48.4 48.5 48.6 48.b 48.6 48.5 48.4 48.3 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.0 48.3 27 47.9 48.0 48.0 48.2 48.4 48.4 48.5 47.8 47.4 47.4 47.5 47.5 47.7 47.8 48.0 48.1 48.1 48.1 48.1 48.1 47.9 47.8 47.5 47.5 47.9 28 47.5 47.5 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.5 47.3 47.2 47.1 47.1 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 46.9 46.9 46.8 46.6 4.5 46.3 46.1 46.0 47.1 29 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 45.9 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.3 46.3 46.2 46.1 46,0 45.9 45.8 45.7 45.7 46.0 30 45.7 45.6 45.7 45.6 45.6 45.6 45.5 45.4 45.4 45.3 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.3 45.2 45.0 44.9 4.9 45.8 4.7 44.6 44.8 45.3 31 44.6 4.6 44.7 4.7 44.7 44.8 4. 6 44.5 44.4 44.5 44.5 44.6 44.8 44.9 45.0 45.0 45.0 4.9 44.9 44.8 4.9 45.0 45.0 45.1 44.8 MONTELY F ERAGE 54.6 l

TABLE 3.1-11 AVERACE MOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANEEE SAMPLE STATION No. 3 NOVEMBER 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 45.2 45.3 45.3 45.4 45.5 45.5 45.5 45.3 45.3 45.2 45.2 45.2 45.2 45.5 45.7 45.7 45.5 45.2 45.1 45.1 45.0 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 2 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.4 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.9 45.9 46.0 45.7 45.3 45.1 45.2 45.2 45.3 45.0 44.6 45.4 3 44.5 44.5 44.8 44.9 44.9 44.8 44.8 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.4 44.2 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.3 44.2 44.1 44.0 43.8 43.7 43.7 44.4 4 44.1 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.4 44.4 44.3 43.9 43.6 43.6 43.7 43.8 43.9 44.1 44.1 44.1 43.9 43.9 43.9 43.8 43.8 43.7 43.7 44.0 5 43.7 43.6 43.6 43.5 43.4 43.5 43.4 43.5 43.6 43.3 43.7 43.7 43.8 43.9 44.0 44.1 44.0 43.9 43.9 43.8 43.7 43.7 43.8 44.0 43.7 6 44.1 44.0 43.9 43.9 43.9 43.8 43.9 43.9 43.6 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.8 44.3 44.2 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.2 44.3 44.2 44.1 43.9 7 44.1 44.1 44.0 44.1 44.1 44.0 44.1 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.5 44.4 44.2 43.9 43.7 43.6 43.6 43.6 44.1 8 43.6 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.8 43.8 43.8 43.8 43.9 43.8 44.0 42.9 43.7 43.5 43.4 43.3 43.0 43.0 42.9 42.9 43.6 9 42.8 42.8 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.1 43.3 43.3 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.6 43.7 43.6 43.5 43.5 43.4 43.1 10 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.3 43.3 43.2 43.2 43.3 43.3 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.4 43.2 43.0 42.7 42.6 42.5 42.3 42.0 43.2 11 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 41.9 41.9 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.8 42.0 42.0 41.9 41.8 41.7 41.7 41.6 41.4 41.3 41.2 41.8 12 41.0 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.8 40.7 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.6 40.6 40.7 40.7 40.8 40.7 40.7 40.5 40.4 40.2 40.0 39.8 40.6 o 13 39.8 39.7 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.1 39.0 39.1 39.3 39.3 39.5 39.6 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.8 39.7 39.7 39.6 39.6 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 I 14 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.4 39.4 39.6 39.9 40.1 40.2 40.3 40.3 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.3 40.3 40.1 40.0 40.0 39.8 15 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.8 39.8 39.9 39.8 40.0 40.2 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.3 40.1 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.9 39.8 39.8 39.7 40.0 16 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.8 39.8 39.7 39.5 39.4 39.2 39.3 39.1 38.8 38.7 38.5 39.4 17 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.1 37.9 38.0 37.9 37.9 38.2 38.5 38.4 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.4 38.4 38.1 38.3 18 38.0 38.0 38.0 37.9 37.7 37.5 37.5 37.5 37.5 37.5 37.4 37.4 37.5 37.5 37.6 37.5 37.3 37.3 37.4 37.4 37.4 37.3 37.1 37.0 37.5 19 36.8 36.7 36.5 36.4 36.2 36.0 35.8 35.8 35.8 36.0 36.3 36.6 36.8 37.0 37.2 37.0 36.7 36.4 36.3 36.3 36.2 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.4 20 36.0 36.0 36.0 35.8 35.7 35.6 35.5 35.6 35.6 35,6 35.8 36.3 36.5 36.6 36.7 36.6 36.5 36.3 36.2 36.0 35.9 35.6 35.4 35.3 36.0 21 35.4 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.9 36.0 36.1 36.1 36.2 36.4 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.4 36.3 36.1 35.9 35.7 35.6 35.4 35.3 35.9 22 35.2 35.2 35.1 35.1 35.0 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.8 34.7 34.8 35.0 35.3 35.5 35.6 35.5 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.2 35.0 35.0 34.9 35.1 23 34.8 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.7 34.8 35.0 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.3 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.1 24 35.5 35.4 35.4'35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.5 35.6 35.5 35.6 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.5 25 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.9 35.9 36.1 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.6 36.1 26 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.7 36.5 36.4 36.5 36.7 36.8 37.0 37.1 37.0 36.8 36.7 36.5 36.3 36.0 35.8 35.7 35.7 36.6 27 35.7 35.6 35.5 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.0 34.9 34.8 34.8 34.9 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.3 28 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.1 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.1 35.0 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.3 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.2 29 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.6 36.0 36.1 36.0 35.9 35.8 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.5 35.6 30 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.7 35.8 35.9 36.0 35.9 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.6 MONTRLY AVERAct 39.5 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M a ~

M M M M M M M -

M M TABLE 3.1-12 AVERACE HE ILY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 DECEMBER 1980 DAILY DAY BOUR AVE EACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 35.4 35.4 35.4 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.9 36.2 36.4 36.5 36.6 16.6 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.3 36.2 36.0 36.0 2 35.8 35.8 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.7 35.9 36.0 36.2 36.2 16.3 36.2 36.0 36.0 35.9 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.9 3 35 . 8 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 35.9 35.8 35.8 35.7 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.8 36.0 36.2 35.9 35.8 35.7 35.6 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.4 35.3 35.8 4 35.3 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.2 35.1 35.1 35.0 35.0 34.9 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.1 35.0 35.0 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.7 34.5 34.4 34.4 14.3 34.9 5 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.2 33.2 33.1 33.0 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.1 33.1 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.7 32.7 33.3 6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 7 32.5 32. 5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.4 33.0 32.8 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 8 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 9 32.5 32.7 12.7 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.8 33.0 33.2 33.4 33.3 33.2 33.0 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.8 to 32.7 32.7 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.7 33.1 33.2 33.0 33.0 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.9 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.7 32.8 g

11 32.8 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.7 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.3 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.5 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.4 La 12 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 33.1 33.1 32.8 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 F' 13 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.9 32.8 32.6 32.5 33.3 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.6 I

14 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.9 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 33.3 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.5 15 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 33.0 32.8 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.8 33.2 32.9 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.6 16 32.5 32.4 32.7 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 33.0 33.0 33.1 32.9 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.6 17 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.9 32.9 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.5 18 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.'3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 33.2 33.0 32.8 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.5 19 32. 3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 33.3 33.2 32.9 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.5 20 32.3 32.5 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.9 33.1 33.0 32.9 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.5 33.3 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.6 21 32 . 3 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.8 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 33.3 33.2 32.9 32.7 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.6 22 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 33.2 33.1 32.9 32.7 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 33.1 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.6 23 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.7 33.3 33.1 32.9 32.7 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 33.3 33.1 32.8 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.6 24 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 33.3 33.0 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.7 32.4 33.3 33.0 32.8 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.6 25 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.2 32.2 .32.4 26 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 27 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.4 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.2 28 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 29 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 30 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 32.7 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.3 31 32 . 3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.4 32.8 33.2 33.4 33.1 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.1 32.9 32.9 33.0 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 32.8 MONTELY AVERACE 33.0

TABLE 3.2-1 AVERaCE HOURLY TEMPERAl?RE IN *?

VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION BO. 7 JANUARY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 4 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 5 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 6 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 7 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 8 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 .12.0 9 32.0 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 10 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 11 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 l 12 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 LJ 13 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 y 14 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 15 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 16 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 17 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 18 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 19 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 20 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 21 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 22 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 23 32.0 32.0 ~~.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 24 32.0 32.0 .0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 25 32.0 32.0 22.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.3 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 26 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 27 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 37.2 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.0 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 28 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.3 29 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 30 32.1 32.0 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.0 32.2 32.1 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 31 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 MONTHLY AVERACE 32.1 M M M M M M M M -

M M M M

M M M M M M M -

M M T70BIJE 3.2-2 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 FEBRUARY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ft 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1

32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.C 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 2

32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 3

12. 3 32. 3 32.3 32.6 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.4 4 32.4 12.4 32. 5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.8 32.5 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.4 5

32.2 32.5 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 6

32.3 32. 3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 7

32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 8

32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 9

32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 10 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.4 1 12 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.4 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.3 j 13 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 14 3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 15 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.e 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.7 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.4 16 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 12.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 22.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.4 17 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 3*. 2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 18 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.1 ?2.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.4 32.1 32.1 19 32.1 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.1 20 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.d 22.0 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 21 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 32.0 32.0 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 22 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 3.10 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 23 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32,0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 24 32.0 32.0 3*.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 25 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 26 32 . 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 27 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 28 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.C 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 29 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 MONTHLY AVERACE 32.2

TABLE 3.2-3 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 MARCH 1980 DAILT DAY HOUR AVERACE I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 3 32,1 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.I 32.1 32.I 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.I 32.1 32.1 32.I 32.1 32.I 32.1 32.1 32.I 32.1 32.L 32.2 32.2 32.1 4 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 12.0 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.4 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.1 5 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.C 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.3 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 6 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.1 7 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 8 32.I 32.I 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 9 32.0 32.0 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.1 10 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.2 32.3

!! 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.2 22.2 32.2 32.2 1 12 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.2 y 13 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.I 32.I 32.3 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.2 32.I 32.I 32.I 32.I i 14 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32,0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 15 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 16 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 17 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 18 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 19 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 02.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 20 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 21 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.2 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.4 32.7 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.0 32.0 32.1 22 32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.3 23 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.8 32.9 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 32.9 24 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.5 33.4 33.3 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 34.0 M. ! 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.3 34.4 34.4 34.3 33.8 25 %.2 34.2 %.2 34.3 33.6 33.4 33.9 3 3. ', 33.5 33.6 33.5 33.3 33.4 33.3 33.1 33.2 33.4 33.6 33.7 33.6 33.4 33.4 33.2 33.3 33.6 26 33.2 33.1 33.2 33.1 33.2 33.1 33.2 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.9 33.9 33.9 %.0 34.2 34.1 33.9 33.9 %.0 33.9 33.9 33.8 33.7 33.e 27 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.6 33.5 3 3.

33.6 33.7 M.0 34.8 34.9 35.3 35.8 35.5 35.1 34.6 34.7 34.6 34.4 34.5 34.7 34.6 34.6 34.6 34.4 2d %6 34.5 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5 %.5 34.6 34.8 35.2 35.6 35.8 36.1 35.9 35.8 35.7 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.8 36.1 36.3 36.4 36.3 35.4 29 36.1 %.! %.0 35.9 35.8 35.7 35.7 35.6 35.5 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.2 35.5 35.7 36.0 36.2 %.3 36.4 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.5 %. 5 35.9 30 36.4 36.4 36.3 36.3 %.3 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.5 36.5 36.6 %.6 36.5 %.5 %.4 36.4 %. 3 %.2 36.2 36.1 36.0 36.0 36.0 %.0 %. 3 31 36.0 36.0 %.0 36.0 35.9 35.9 35.9 %. ! 36.3 36.6 36.7 %.6 36.8 36.8 M.9 36.9 %.9 36.9 36.9 37.0 37.1 37.1 36.9 36.8 %.5 MON 2HLY AVERACE 32.8 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

M M M M M M M M M M TABLE 3.2-4 AVERAGE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN 'F VERMONT YANKIE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 APRIL 1980 DAILY DAY ROUR AVERAGE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 36.7 36.6 36.5 36.4 36.4 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.8 37.0 37.2 37.5 37.9 37.9 38.0 37.9 38.0 38.0 23.3 38.4 38.5 38.5 38.4 37.3 2 38.3 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.0 38.0 37.9 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.8 37.9 37.9 37.9 37.9 37.9 38.0 3 37.8 37.7 37.7 37.6 37.5 37.5 37.5 37.6 37.9 38.4 39.0 39.4 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.6 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.8 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.1 38.9 4 40.1 40.1 40.0 39.9 39.8 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.2 39.2 39.0 38.9 38.8 38.6 38.5 38.4 38.4 38.2 38.2 38.2 38.1 39.1 5 38.0 37.9 37.8 37.7 37.6 37.6 37.6 37.5 37.6 37.7 38.1 38.2 38.4 38.4 38.6 38.7 38.6 38.4 38.2 37.9 37.8 37.7 37.6 37.4 38.0 o 37.1 37.3 37.2 37.1 37.0 36.9 36.9 36.9 36.9 37.2 37.5 37.7 37.7 37.9 38.5 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.8 38.9 39.0 39.1 39.1 39.2 37.9 7 39.1 38.9 18.8 38.7 38.5 38.3 38.3 38.5 38.8 39.1 39.4 39.8 39.5 39.5 39.4 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 39.2 8 40.C 40.0 39.9 39.9 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.2 40.2 40.3 40.3 40.4 40.3 40.2 40.1 40.1 40.0 39.9 39.9 39.8 39.8 39.7 39.6 40.0 9 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.6 39.6 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 39.9 10 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.4 40.2 39.9 39.7 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.2 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.1 39.5 11 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.5 39.5 39.8 40.0 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.3 40.3 40.2 40.2 39.5 1

LJ 12 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.8 39.7 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.4 39.5 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.1 40.0 40.0 39.9 39.9 39.9 13 39.9 39.9 39.8 39.6 39.6 39.6 39.5 39.6 39.7 39.7 39.9 40.1 40.4 40.7 41.0 41.2 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.0 40.9 40.8 40.8 40.7 40.4 f 14 40.7 40.7 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.3 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.6 40.5 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.6 40.5 40.5 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.5 15 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.2 40.3 40.8 40.9 41.2 41.4 41.8 42.1 42.2 42.2 ts2. 2 42.1 41.9 41.8 41.7 41.8 41.1 16 41.7 41.6 41.5 41.4 41.3 41.2 41.1 41.1 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.5 41.7 41.8 41.8 41.9 42.0 41.9 41.8 41.6 41.4 41.2 41.0 40.9 41.5 17 40.7 40.5 40.4 40.2 40.0 39.9 39.8 39.9 40.0 40.1 40.4 40.6 40.8 40.9 41.1 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.0 40.9 41.0 41.0 41.1 41.2 40.6 18 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.1 40.9 40.7 40.5 40.5 40.6 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.6 41.1 41.3 41.3 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.0 19 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.1 41.0 41.0 41.2 41.5 41.6 41.7 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.5 42.5 42.4 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.3 41.8 20 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.3 42.2 42.5 42.3 42.5 42.8 43.1 43.2 42.9 43.2 42.8 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 21 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.7 42.9 43.1 43.5 43.7 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.4 44.3 44.2 44.1 44.0 44.0 43.9 43.6 43.6 22 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 23 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.4 44.5 44.6 44.7 44.8 44.9 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.2 45.1 45.1 45.1 45.2 45.2 44.8 24 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.8 45.8 45.9 46.1 46.2 46.4 46.4 46.3 46.4 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.5 46.4 46.0 25 46.3 45.9 45.7 45.5 45.4 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.4 45.5 45.7 45.8 45.9 45.9 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 45.9 45.8 26 45.9 45.9 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.1 46.1 46.1 46.1 46.1 46.3 46.4 46.7 46.9 47.2 47.3 47.4 47.6 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 46.8 27 47.6 47.5 47 4 47.4 47.3 47.3 47.3 47.4 47.6 47.7 47.8 47.8 47.9 47.9 47.8 47.8 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.6 28 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.1 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.5 47.4 47.3 47.1 47.0 46.8 46.6 46.4 46.2 46.0 45.9 45.8 45.6 45.5 45.5 46.9 29 45.5 45.5 45.4 45.5 45.5 45.5 45.5 45.5 45.4 45.3 45.2 45.2 45.1 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.9 44.8 44.9 45.2 30 44.9 45.0 45.0 45.0 44.9 44.9 44.8 44.8 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.7 45.0 45.3 45.6 45.8 45.8 45.9 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.1 46.1 46.0 45.3 MONTHLY AVERAGE 41.7

TABLE ?.2-5 AVERACP. HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 MAY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.4 46.4 46.4 46.4 46.2 46.2 46.0 46.0 46.1 46.3 46.5 46.6 46.7 46.7 46.6 46.5 46.6 46.5 46.3 2 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.6 46.5 46.5 46.7 46.7 46.7 47.0 47.2 47.3 47.5 47.7 48.0 48.2 48.4 48.5 48.5 48.5 48.5 48.5 48.5 47.4 3 48.4 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.4 48.5 48.8 49.0 49.0 49.1 49.3 49.3 49.2 49.3 49.3 49.6 49.8 50.0 50.4 50.5 50.5 50.5 50.6 50.6 49.4 4 50.7 50.7 50.6 50.7 50.6 50.5 50.5 50.5 $0.5 50.7 50.9 51.1 51.2 51.2 51.3 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.8 52.1 52.1 52.0 52.0 52.0 51.2 5 52.0 $2.0 51.9 52.0 51.9 51.8 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.8 51.8 51.8 52.0 52.1 52.3 52.5 52.8 53.2 53.6 53.7 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.5 52.4 6 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.4 53.4 53.5 53.6 53.8 54.0 54.3 54.4 54.5 54.8 55.1 55.3 55.3 55.2 55.0 54.9 54.8 54.7 54.2 7 54.6 %.6 54.6 54.5 54.5 54.6 54.8 54.9 55.1 55.4 55.4 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.2 55.1 54.9 54.8 54.6 %.5 54.3 54.1 54.0 54.0 %.8 8 %.0 53.9 53.9 53.9 53.8 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.6 53.7 53.8 54.0 54.2 54.0 54.1 54.1 54.1 54.1 54.1 53.8 9 %.0 53.8 53.6 53.3 53.2 53.0 52.9 52.8 52.8 $2.8 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.7 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.8 52.6 52.6 52.7 52.4 52.4 52.3 52.9 10 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.3 52.2 52.2 52.3 52.2 52.1 52.1 32.0 52.0 52.1 52.1 52.1 52.0 52.0 $1.9 51.9 51.9 51.7 51.6 52.1 11 51.5 51.5 51.5 $1.4 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.5 51.6 51.6 51.5 51.4 51.4 51.4 51.3 51.3 51.2 51.1 51.1 51.0 51.0 51.0 50.9 51.3 1 12 50.9 50.9 50.9 51.0 51.0 51.0 51.1 51.1 51.1 51.1 51.1 51.3 51.5 51.6 51.8 51.9 52.1 52.2 52.2 52.3 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.4 51.6 W 13 52.5 52.6 52.4 52.4 52.3 52.3 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.6 52.7 52.8 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.7 52.7 52.6 52.6 52.6 14 52.6 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.8 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.2 15 53.7 53.7 53.6 53.6 53.5 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.4 53.4 53.5 53.5 53.6 53.6 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.5 53.4 53.5 53.6 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.5 16 53.2 53.1 52.9 52.8 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.9 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.7 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.2 54.1 54.1 54.1 54.1 %.1 53.5 17 54.0 54.0 53.9 53.8 53.8 53.7 53.6 53.7 53.9 54.1 54.4 54.7 54.9 55.3 55.6 55.8 55.9 56.1 56.0 56.0 55.9 55.8 55.8 55.7 54.8 18 55.5 55.4 15.4 55.3 55.3 55.3 55.2 55.4 55.4 55.4 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.4 55.4 55.6 55.7 55.7 55.5 55.5 55.4 55.4 55.4 19 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.5 55.6 55.7 55.8 56.0 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.3 56.2 56.1 55.9 55.9 55.8 55.8 55.9 55.9 55.9 55.8 20 55.9 55.9 55.9 55.9 55.8 55.6 55.6 55.6 55.7 55.9 56.1 56.2 56.4 56.7 56.9 57.0 57.1 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 56.5 21 57.5 57.4 57.4 57.3 57.3 57.1 57.0 57.0 56.9 56.9 57.0 57.1 57.3 57.5 57.7 57.9 58.0 57.9 57.8 57.7 57.5 57.4 57.3 57.2 57.4 22 57.1 57.0 57.0 56.9 56.9 56.8 56.8 56.8 56.9 57.0 57.1 57.3 57.5 57.8 58.3 58.5 58.4 58.4 58.3 58.4 58.3 58.3 58.3 58.3 57.6 23 58.3 58.4 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.7 58.8 58.9 59.1 59.3 59.5 59.6 59.8 60.1 60.3 60.3 60.5 60.4 60.3 60.3 60.4 60.3 60.2 60.0 59.6 24 59.9 59.9 59.9 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.1 60.3 60.5 60.8 61.1 61.4 61.8 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.3 62.3 62.2 62.2 62.2 62.2 61.2 25 62.1 62.1 62.0 61.9 61.9 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.4 62.8 63.2 63.5 63.7 63.7 63.7 63.7 63.6 63.5 63.3 63.1 63.0 63.1 63.2 63.1 62.9 26 63.0 62.9 62.9 62.9 62.8 62.7 62.6 62.6 62.9 63.3 63.6 63.9 M.1 64.1 M.2 M.2 M.0 M.0 63.8 63.5 63.3 63.3 63.4 63.5 63.4 27 63.5 63.4 63.4 63.3 63.3 63.2 63.2 63.3 63.5 63.6 63.8 63.9 M. 3 M.5 64.4 M.6 M.7 M.7 M.6 M.1 63.8 63.7 63.9 63.9 63.9 28 63.7 63.7 63.7 63.7 63.5 63.4 63.5 63.7 M.1 M.5 M.5 M.4 64.8 64.5 64.1 M.3 M.3 64.3 M.4 M.3 M.1 63.8 63.7 63.6 64.0 29 63.6 63.4 63.3 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.1 63.0 63.2 63.6 63.6 63.7 M.0 M.4 M.7 M.7 M.7 M.6 64.4 M.3 M.1 M.0 63.8 63.8 63.8 30 63.7 63.7 63.6 63.6 63.5 63.5 63.5 63.6 64.0 64.0 M.0 64.3 65.1 65.3 M.5 65.7 M.0 65.9 65.6 65.4 65.1 65.0 64.9 M.5 M3 31 64.8 64.6 64.5 M.6 M.4 M.4 M.3 M.4 M.4 64.5 M.5 64.5 M.5 M.4 M1 M.2 M. 3 M.3 64.3 M.4 M.5 64.6 M.6 M.6 M. 5 MONTHLY AVERACE $6.0 m M M M M M M

M M M M M M M T1LBIJE 3.2-6 AVERACL ROURLY TEMPERATURE IN 'P VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 JUNE 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 64.6 64.6 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.8 65.0 65.2 65.5 65.5 65.8 66.1 66.3 67.0 67.6 67.6 67.5 67.4 67.2 67.1 66.9 66.7 66.7 66.0 2 66.3 66.1 66.0 65.8 65.7 65.6 65.6 65.5 65.6 65.6 65.6 65.4 65.3 65.4 65.4 65.4 65.6 65.9 65.9 65.9 65.7 65.4 65.3 65.1 65.6 3 65.1 65.0 64.9 64.9 65.0 64.9 65.0 64.9 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.2 65.5 65.7 66.1 e6.4 66.3 66.3 66.2 66.3 66.3 66.3 66.2 66.2 65.6 4 66.1 66.1 65.9 65.7 65.5 65.3 65.2 65.3 65.5 65.7 65.8 65.9 65.9 66.0 66.2 66.1 66.2 66.1 66.0 66.0 66.0 65.8 65.6 65.5 65.8 5 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.4 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.4 65.5 65.6 65.8 65.9 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.6 65.3 65.2 65.0 64.8 64.5 65.4 6 64.3 64.1 63.9 63.7 63.6 61.4 63.4 63.4 63.6 63.7 63.8 63.6 63.8 63.9 64.1 64.2 64.5 64.8 64.9 95.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.1 64.2 7 65.0 64.9 64.8 64.8 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.5 64.6 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.4 64.1 64.0 63.9 63.9 63.7 43.6 63.5 63.4 63.4 63.4 64.3 8 63.4 63.3 b3.3 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.1 63.2 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.2 63.5 63.6 63.5 63.4 63.4 63.6 63.7 63.8 63.4 9 63.7 63.4 63.4 63.1 62.9 62.8 62.9 62.8 62.9 63.0 63.2 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.2 62.8 62.6 62.5 62.4 62.2 62.2 62.0 62.0 62.9 10 61.9 61.8 61.5 61.6 61.5 61.8 61.6 61.6 61.8 61.9 61.9 61.7 61.6 61.7 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.7 61.5 61.6 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.6 61.7 11 61.3 61.3 61.2 61.0 61.1 61.0 60.9 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.4 61.5 61.6 61.6 61.5 61.7 61.8 61.6 61.4 61.3 61.1 60.8 61.3 l

LJ 12 60.8 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.5 60.8 60.9 60.9 61.2 61.5 61.6 61.1 60.9 60.9 61.1 61.0 60.9 60.7 60.5 60.4 60.3 60.8 13 60.2 60.2 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 59.9 60.0 60.2 60.4 60.4 60.5 60.7 60.8 61.0 61.2 61.5 61.9 61.9 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.9 61.7 60.8

]f 14 61.6 61.5 61.2 61.3 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.4 61.4 61.5 61.5 61.4 61.4 61.4 61.5 61.6 61.6 62.0 62.1 62.1 62.3 62.8 62.8 62.7 61.7 15 62.6 62.4 62.1 61.9 61.9 62.3 62.8 63.0 63.1 63.4 63.6 64.0 64.2 64.2 64.0 63.8 63.8 63.9 63.7 63.5 63.9 63.9 63.8 63.8 63.3 16 63.9 64.1 64.0 64.2 64.3 64.3 64.3 64.2 64.0 63.5 63.7 63.6 63.7 63.8 63.8 63.7 63.8 64.0 64.1 64.3 64.5 64.4 64.2 63.9 64.0 17 63.4 63.1 63.3 63.4 63.3 63.2 63.3 63.3 63.4 63.6 63.7 63.9 64.2 64.5 64.8 65.3 65.5 65.4 65.1 65.3 65.2 65.5 65.6 65.2 64.3 18 65.5 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.3 65.3 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.3 65.2 65.1 65.3 65.6 66.0 66.2 66.6 66.7 66.7 66.7 66.7 66.7 66.7 65.8 19 66.6 66.6 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.4 66.4 66.3 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.4 66.6 66.7 66.8 66.9 67.0 66.9 66.8 67.0 67.3 67.3 67.3 66.7 20 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 21 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 22 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 23 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 24 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 25 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 69.8 70.1 70.3 70.6 70.3 70.0 69.9 70.0 69.9 69.5 26 69.5 69.6 69.8 69.6 69.3 69.3 69.4 69.4 69.2 69.4 69.4 70.2 70.5 70.8 70.8 71.3 71.7 72.0 72.4 72.5 72.6 72.2 72.1 72.1 70.6 27 72. 6 72.0 71.8 72.0 72.3 72.5 72.6 72.5 72.2 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.9 73.3 73.6 73.2 73.4 73.2 73.1 73.1 73.0 72.7 28 72. 8 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.8 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.5 29 72.2 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.1 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.9 72.1 30 71.8 71.7 71.4 71.0 70.8 70.5 69.9 69.8 70.0 69.3 69.8 70.2 69.9 70.0 70.0 70.1 70.5 71.0 70.7 70.3 69.7 70.1 70.3 69.9 70.4 MONTHLT AVERAct 65.6

TABLE 3.2-7 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN 'F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE $7AT10M NO. 7 JULY 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 69.5 69.6 69.8 69.9 69.9 69.9 70.0 70.2 70.1 70.0 70.0 70.1 70.1 70.0 70.0 70.0 70.1 70.1 70.0 70.1 70.0 69.9 70.0 70.0 70.0 2 69.9 69.9 69.8 69.7 69.8 69.9 70.0 70.1 70.1 70.1 70.1 70.1 70.5 70.6 70.6 70.7 70.8 70.8 71.0 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.2 70.4 3 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.0 71.0 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.3 71.3 71.3 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.3 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.2 4 71.1 71.2 71.2 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.0 71.1 71.3 71.4 71.6 71.3 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.1 71.2 71.3 71.2 71.1 71.1 5 71.3 71.4 71.5 71.3 71.1 71.0 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.1 71.6 71.9 72.2 72.1 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.8 73.2 73.2 73.9 73.9 73.7 72.0 6 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.4 73.3 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.9 72.9 73.0 73.1 73.1 73.2 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.2 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 73.2 7 73.0 72. 9 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 73.1 72.9 72.8 72.7 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.7 8 72 . 7 72 . 6 72 .7 72.7 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.8 72.9 73.0 72.8 72.8 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.7 9 72.8 72 . 5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.7 72.9 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.5 72.3 72.2 72.5 to 72.3 72.2 72.3 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.1 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.2 72.0 72.1 72.0 72.0 ,2.1 72.3 72.5 72.7 72.7 72.6 72.3 72.4 72.5 72.3 11 72 . 4 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.4 72.3 72.4 72.6 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.9 73.1 73.2 73.4 73.2 73.2 73.1 73.2 73.4 72.8 1 12 73.2 73.2 73.1 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.3 73.2 73.1 73.1 73.1 73.2 73.1 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.6 72.7 72.9 73.0 73.1 73.0 73.1 13 72 .9 73.0 73.2 73.1 73.0 72.9 72.9 72.9 72.9 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.7 72.8 72.9 73.0 73.0 73.3 73.2 72.7 72.4 72.9

[$

3 14 72 .4 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.8 72.8 72.7 72.8 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.8 72.9 73.3 73.4 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.3 73.0 15 73.3 73.2 73.4 73.3 73.3 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.2 73.1 73.5 74.0 74.0 74.1 74.1 74.2 74.5 76.7 75.0 74.9 74.4 74.4 74.4 73.9 16 74.5 74.1 74.1 74.3 74.6 74.7 74.6 74.6 74.8 75.0 75.0 75.0 74.8 74.8 74.8 74.8 75.0 75.2 74.9 74.7 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.6 74.7 17 74.7 74 .6 74.7 74.8 74.6 74.5 74.5 74.6 74.5 74.4 74.7 75.0 75.0 75.4 75.6 75.7 75.6 75.3 75.0 75.0 74.9 74.8 74.8 74.8 74.9 18 74 .9 74.9 74.9 74.8 74.8 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.7 75.0 75.1 75.1 75.0 75.2 75.1 75.0 74.9 75.0 75.0 74.9 74.9 74.9 19 75.1 75.1 74.9 74.9 75.0 74.9 74.9 75.0 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.3 75.4 75.4 75.3 75.2 75.2 75.3 75.4 75.5 75.6 75.7 75.6 75.8 75.2 20 76.0 76.0 76.1 76.3 76.4 76.4 76.4 76.4 76.5 76.4 76.3 76.2 76.3 76.3 76.4 76.3 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.3 76.5 76.4 76.3 76.4 76.3 21 76.3 76.2 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.5 76.5 76.4 76.3 76.3 76.4 76.5 76.5 76.8 77.0 77.1 77.3 78.1 78.4 78.5 78.6 78.8 78.8 78.7 77.1 22 78.7 78.6 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.3 78.4 78.3 78.2 78.3 78.5 78.6 78.7 78.7 78.6 78.7 78.7 18.4 23 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.6 78.5 78.6 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.6 78.6 78.5 78.4 78.5 78.8 78.9 78.9 78.8 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.7 TW 6 24 79.1 79.1 79.0 78.9 78.9 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.8 78.9 78.9 78.8 78.6 78.6 78.6 78.6 78.8 78.9 79.0 79.1 79.0 79.0 78.9 78.9 25 78.9 78.8 78.8 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.5 78.4 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.2 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.2 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.3 26 78.0 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.2 78.2 78.3 78.3 78.4 78.3 78.3 78.4 78.4 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.1 78.0 78.1 78.0 77.9 77.9 77.9 77.9 78.2 27 77.9 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.9 77.9 77.9 78.0 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.% 78.4 78.1 28 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.7 78.8 78.8 78.7 78.7 78.7 78.9 79.0 78.9 78.8 73.8 78.8 78.8 79.1 79.5 79.6 79.5 79.2 79.1 79.1 79.0 78.9 29 78.9 78.8 78.7 78.6 78.6 78.6 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.4 78.5 78.7 78.8 78.8 78.7 78.5 78.4 78.3 78.2 78.1 78.0 78.5 30 77.9 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.7 77.7 78.1 78.3 78.3 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.0 78.0 77.9 77.8 31 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.5 77.7 77.9 78.1 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.9 77.9 77.7 MONTHLY AVERACE 74.9

M M M M M TABLE 3.2-8 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 AUCUST 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 77.8 77.7 77.7 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.2 77.2 77.1 76.9 77.2 77.4 77.6 77.7 77.9 77.9 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.5 2 77.6 77.6 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.2 77.1 77.2 77.3 77.7 78.0 78.2 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.1 77.9 77.8 77.6 3 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.4 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.7 77.7. 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.9 78.0 78.1 78.0 77.6 4 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.9 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.6 77.7 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.8 78.1 78.3 78.1 78.1 78.2 78.0 77.9 77.8 77.8 5 77.9 77.7 77. 7 77.7 77.8 77.7 77.5 77.5 77.4 77.3 77.3 77.3 77.2 77.3 77.5 77.8 77.9 78.1 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.1 78.0 77.7 6 77.9 77.8 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.7 77.6 77.5 77.5 77.5 77.6 77.7 77.8 77.9 77.9 78.2 78.3 78.4 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.3 78.3 77.9 7 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.2 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.9 77.8 78.0 78.1 78.3 78.5 78.5 78.3 78.4 78.2 78.2 78.0 78.2 8 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.7 77.6 77.7 77.7 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.8 78.0 78.2 78.2 78.1 77.7 77.8 77.7 77.9 9 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.9 77.5 77.6 78.0 78.1 78.3 78.2 78.3 78.0 78.0 78.2 78.8 78.8 78.9 78.8 78.7 78.7 78.1 10 78.6 78.5 78.5 78.4 78.4 78.3 78.2 78.2 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.3 78.3 ~78.3 78.3 78.3 78.2 78.0 78.1 78.0 78.1 78.1 78.1 78.0 78.2

!! 78. 0 77.9 77.7 77.9 78.0 78.3 78.2 78.0 78.0 78.0 78.0 77.5 77.5 77.2 77.0 76.8 7t.9 77.2 77.3 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.4 77.A 77.6 1 12 77.3 77.3 77.2 77.0 77.0 77.0 76.9 76.8 76.7 76.6 76.5 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.3 76.3 71 4 76.4 76.4 76.5 76.4 76.4 76.3 76.2 76.6 j 13 76. 2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.1 76.1 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 75.8 75.8 75.9 76.0 76.0 76.0 76.1 76.2 76.3 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.2 76.1 3 14 76.1 76.1 76.0 75.9 75.8 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.7 75.6 75.3 75.1 74.9 74.9 75.1 75.1 75.2 75.2 75.2 75.1 75.2 75.1 75.1 75.4 15 74. 9 75.1 75.0 75.0 74.9 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 75.0 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.8 74.9 74.9 75.0 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.9 75.1 74.9 16 75.1 75.1 75.0 75.0 75.0 74.9 74.8 74.9 74.9 74.8 74.9 74.9* 74.8 74.8 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.6 74.5 74.3 74.3 74.2 74.2 74.1 74.7 17 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.7 73.7 73.7 73.6 73.7 73.7 73.6 ..6 73.6 73.5 73.1 73,4 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.3 73.4 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.5 18 73.2 73.3 73.3 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.4 73.5 73.6 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.3 73.3 73.3 73.2 73.3 73.1 73.3 73.2 73.2 73.4 19 73.2 73.1 73.1 73.1 73.1 73.0 73.3 73.2 73.1 73.2 73.4 73.4 73.3 73.1 72.9 72.8 72.9 73.0 73.0 73.1 73.1 73.1 72.9 73.1 73.1 20 73.2 73.2 73.3 73.1 73.1 73.0 73.0 73.0 72.9 72.9 73.0 73.1 73.1 72.9 72.7 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 71.9 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.7 21 72.1 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.8 71.7 71.6 71.7 71.7 71.7 71.7 71.6 71.3 71.1 71.0 71.0 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.0 71.0 70.9 70.9 71.4 22 70.9 70.8 70.9 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.7 70.8 70.8 70.9 70.9 71.0 71.1 71.0 70.9 70.9 70.8 70.9 70.9 71.0 70.8 70.7 71.0 70.9 23 71. 0 71.0 71.0 70.9 70.9 70.9 70.8 70.7 70.S 70.9 70.9 70.8 70.9 70.9 70.9 70.7 70.7 70.7 70.7 70.7 70.7 70.7 70.8 70.8 70.8 24 ' 70.7 70.7 70.8 70.7 70.7 .70.3 76.7 70.7 70.8 71.0 70.8 70.8 70.7 70.7 70.6 70.5 70.5 70.7 70.6 70.5 70.7 70.8 70.7 70.7 70.7 25 70. 6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.7 70.8 71.1 71.1 71.1 70.9 70.8 70.9 70.8 70.8 70.9 70.8 70.7 70.7 70.6 70.7 70.8 10.7 70.7 70.8 26 70.8 70.8 70.6 70.7 70.7 70.8 70.7 70.7 70.8 70.8 71.0 71.1 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.4 71.6 71.9 72.0 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.1 71.3 27 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 71.9 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.1 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.0 28 72. 2 72.1 72.2 72.3 72.2 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.3 23 72. 2 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 30 72.4 72.4 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.6 72.3 72.3 72.2 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.2 31 72.1 72.2 72.2 72.2 72.1 72.2 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.4 72.5 72.4 MONTHLY AVERACE 74.6

T7LBIJE 3.2-9 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 SEPTEMBER 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 !! 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 72. 6 72. 6 72.6 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.7 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.6 72.7 72.5 72.5 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.8 72.7 72.6 2 72. 5 T.' . 4 72. 6 72.9 72.7 72.5 72.4 72.6 72.6 72.8 73.0 72.9 73.0 73.3 73.5 73.9 74.2 74.5 74.6 74.6 74.5 74.6 74.5 74.5 73.4 3 74.4 74. 4 74.3 74.2 74.1 74.1 74.0 74.0 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.1 73.9 74.0 74.3 74.5 74.9 75.4 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.5 74.6 4 75.5 75. 5 75.4 75.3 75.3 75.4 75.4 75.5 75.4 75.5 75.5 75.5 75.4 75.5 75.6 75.7 75.8 76.0 76.0 75.9 75.9 75.8 75.6 75.6 75.6 5 75.4 75.4 75.4 75.4 75.3 75.2 75.2 75.1 75.1 75.0 74.9 74.8 74.7 74.7 74.8 74.8 74.9 74.9 74.8 74.8 74.6 74.5 74.5 74.4 74.9 6 74.4 74.4 74. 3 74.3 74.2 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.2 74.2 74.2 74.2 74.2 74.1 74.1 74.1 74.0 74.0 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.9 74.1 7 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.9 74.0 74.2 74.1 74.0 74.0 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.8 73.8 73.8 74.0 74.0 74.3 74.2 74.5 74.4 74.3 74.3 74.0 3 74.1 74.0 74. 0 74.0 74.0 73.9 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 74.0 73.9 74.2 74.4 74.4 74.4 74.3 74.2 74.1 74.1 74.0 73.9 74.0 9 73.8 73. 8 73.6 73.6 73.5 73.5 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.4 73.5 73.5 73.3 72.9 72.7 72.5 72.4 72.3 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.4 73.0 10 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.6 72.5 72.4 72.4 72.4 72.5 72.5 72.8 72.6 72.5 72.2 72.2 72.3 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.0 71.8 71.8 71.1 72.3 11 71.6 71.6 71.5 71.4 71.4 71.4 71.3 71.3 71.3 71.4 71.5 71.6 71.4 71.4 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.2 71.3 1 12 71.2 71.3 71.3 71.3 71.4 71.3 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.2 71.2 71.1 71.1 71.1 71.7 71.1 70.9 70.9 70.9 70.8 70.9 70.9 70.8 70.8 71.1

($ 13 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.8 70.9 70.8 70.7 70.7 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.6 70.5 70.2 70.1 69.9 69.9 69.9 69.8 69.8 69.9 70.4 l 14 69.9 69.8 69.9 69.9 69.9 69.8 69.8 69.8 69.8 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.8 69.7 69.7 69.8 69.8 69.8 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.8 69.8 15 69.7 69.8 69.8 69.7 61.6 69.5 69.5 69.5 69.5 69.5 69.6 69.4 69.1 69.1 69.1 69.0 69.1 69.0 68.9 68.9 68.9 68.8 68.7 68.7 69.3 16 68.7 68.7 68.6 68.5 68.5 68.5 68.4 68.4 68.4 68.5 68.6 68.4 68.0 67.8 67.9 68.1 68.2 68.2 68.1 68.1 68.1 68.0 68.0 67.9 68.3 17 67.9 67.8 67.8 67.8 67.8 67.8 67.7 67.7 67.0 67.8 67.8 67.8 67.5 67.3 67.2 67.1 67.1 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.2 67.1 67.1 67.5 18 67.1 67.1 67.1 67.0 67.0 67.0 66.9 66.9 66.8 66.7 66.6 66.6 66.6 66.5 66.6 66.6 66.6 66.7 66.6 66.5 66.2 66.0 65.9 65.7 66.6 19 65.6 65.4 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.3 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.4 65.5 65.4 65.4 65.5 65.4 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.3 20 65.3 65.3 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.2 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.0 65.0 64.9 64.8 64.8 64.8 64.9 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 65.1 65.1 65.1

?! 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.1 65.0 65.0 65.0 64.9 64.9 64.9 64.9 64.8 64.7 64.7 64.6 64.6 64.6 64.6 64.8 64.8 64.7 64.9 22 64.7 64.7 64.7 64.8 64.9 64.7 64.8 64.8 64.9 64.9 65.0 65.0 65.1 65.4 65.8 66.2 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.3 66.1 66.0 66.1 66.1 65.4 23 66.1 66.1 66.1 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.3 66.4 66.5 66.5 66.6 66.6 66.7 66.9 67.1 67.2 67.1 67.1 66.7 66.8 66.8 66.9 66.6 24 66.9 66.8 66.8 66.6 66.5 66.4 66.4 66.3 66.3 66.2 65.9 65.7 65.6 65.8 66.0 66.3 66.5 66.5 66.5 66.3 66.2 66.0 66.0 65.9 66.3 25 65.9 65.9 65.9 65.8 65.8 65.7 65.7 65.6 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.5 65.3 65.3 65.3 65.4 65.4 65.3 65.3 65.1 65.0 64.9 64.8 64.7 65.4 26 64.8 64.9 65.1 65.3 65.4 65.6 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.7 65.6 65.5 65.5 65.3 65.2 65.1 64.9 64.8 64.5 64.2 63.9 63.8 63.7 63.5 65.0 27 ;;. 5 63.4 63.3 63.3 63.2 63.1 63.0 63.0 62.8 62.6 62.4 62.4 62.4 62.4 62.4 62.3 62.3 62.3 62.2 62.1 61.9 61.8 61.8 61.9 62.6 28 61.8 61.8 61.7 61.7 61.6 61.7 61.5 61.5 61.6 61.6 61.5 61.6 61.5 61.4 61.4 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.4 61.4 61.3 61.3 61.1 61.5 29 61.0 60.9 60.7 60.7 60.7 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.5 60.4 60.3 59.9 60.0 60.2 60.6 60.9 61.2 61.1 61.0 61.0 60.9 60.8 60.6 60.6 30 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.3 60.3 60.2 60.2 60.1 60.1 60.2 60.3 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.6 60.7 60.8 60.9 61.0 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.3 61.2 60.6 MONTHLY AVERACE 68.7 M M M M

m m m m m M .

m TABLE 3.2-10 AVERAGE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 OCTOBER 1960 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERAGE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 21 22 23 24 1 61.2 61.2 61.0 61.0 61.0 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.8 60.8 60.6 60.5 60.5 60.7 60.9 61.1 61.2 61.3 61.3 61.2 61.0 60.9 60.9 2 60.8 60.8 60.7 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.6 60.6 60.5 60.4 60.3 60.4 60.5 60.6 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.7 60,6 60.5 60.5 60.6 3 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.4 60.4 60.4 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.4 60.3 60.1 60.1 60.I 60.I 60.3 60.4 60.4 60.4 60.3 60.3 60.2 60.2 60.3 4 60.1 59.9 59.9 59.8 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.7 59.7 59.8 59.9 60.0 60,1 60.2 60.4 60.5 60.5 60.5 60.5 60.4 60.0 5 60.2 60.2 60.I 60.I 60.I 60.I 60.I 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.I 60.2 60.3 60.4 60.6 60.8 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.8 60,6 60.4 60.2 60.4 6 60.3 60.4 60.4 60.4 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.2 60.1 60.1 60.1 60.2 60.1 60.1 60.2 60.3 60.3 60.2 60.0 59.9 59.9 59.8 59.8 60.2 7 59.7 59.7 59.5 59.4 59.3 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.1 59.0 58.9 58.9 59.0 58.9 58.9 58.9 58.8 58.7 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.6 58.6 59.0 8 58.6 58.5 58. 5 58.4 58.4 58.3 58.3 58.2 58.1 58.0 57.8 57.8 57.9 58.0 58.1 58.1 58.2 58.1 58.2 58.2 58.2 58.3 58.4 58.3 58.2 9 58.3 58. 3 58. 3 58.2 58.2 58.1 58.1 58.0 58.0 57.9 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.9 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.9 10 57.6 57.7 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.4 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.6 57.7 57.7 57.7 57.6 57.5 57.4 57.2 57.1 57.0 57.0 57.5 11 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 56.9 56.8 56.8 56.7 56.6 56.4 56.5 56.4 56.4 56.3 56.3 56.1 56.8 1 12 56.1 56.1 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.1 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.1 56.0 56.0 55.9 55.8 55.6 56.0 f) 13 55.6 55.4 55.3 55.2 55.1 54.9 54.8 54.7 54.7 54.6 54.5 54.5 54.5 54.5 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.4 54.3 54.4 54.4 54.3 54.3 54.3 54.7 g 14 54. 2 54.1 54.0 54.0 53.9 53.8 53.7 53.7 53.7 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6 53.6 $3. 7 53.9 54.0 53.9 53.9 53.9 53.9 53.8 53.7 53.5 53.8 15 53.5 53.5 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.2 53.2 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 53.1 16 52.8 $? 7 52.7 52.6 52.5 52.5 52.5 52.4 52.4 52.4 52.3 52.2 5: 3 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.8 52.9 52.9 52.6 17 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.7 52.6 52.5 52.6 52.7 52.8 52.8 52.9 53.0 53.0 53.0 52.8 18 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.1 53.1 53.2 53.4 53.5 53.4 53.4 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.1 53.1 53.0 53.2 19 53.0 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 52.8 53.3 53.3 53.2 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.1 20 53.3 53.2 53.2 53.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 52.9 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.4 53.5 53.4 53.3 53.2 53.1 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.8 52.8 53.1 21 52.8 52.7 52.7 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.5 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.6 52.7 52.7 52.7 52.6 52.5 52.4 52.3 52.3 52.2 52.2 52.6 22 52.1 $2.1 52.0 51.9 51.9 51.8 51.8 51.7 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 51.8 52.0 52.1 51.9 51.9 51.8 51.7 51.6 51.4 51.3 51.2 51.0 51.8 23 50.9 50.9 50.9 50.8 50.7 50.7 50.7 50.6 50.6 50.7 50.7 50.8 50.9 50.9 50.8 50.9 51.0 50.8 50.7 50.6 50.4 50.1 50.0 49.8 50.7 24 49.7 49.7 49.4 49.4 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.7 49.6 49.3 49.3 49.3 49.3 49.I 49.0 48.9 48.7 48.5 48.4 48.3 49.2 25 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.3 48.2 48.1 48.0 47.9 47.8 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.5 47.5 47.5 47.6 47.7 47.9 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.2 47.9 26 48.2 48,1 48.0 47.9 47.8 47.8 47.7 47.7 47.6 47.6 47.6 47.7 47.7 47.8 47.8 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.7 47.8 27 47.6 47.5 47.5 47.5 47.3 47.3 47.4 47.3 47.3 47.2 47.2 47.3 67.4 46.9 46.9 47.1 47.2 47.2 47.1 47.0 46.9 46.8 46.7 46.7 47.1 28 46.6 46.6 46.5 46.5 46.4 46.3 46.3 46.2 46.1 46.1 46.0 45.9 45.8 45.7 45.4 45.5 45.6 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 45.7 46.0 29 45.6 45.5 45.5 45.4 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.4 45.3 45.4 45.4 45.5 45.5 45.4 45.4 45.3 45.2 45.1 45.0 44.9 45.3 30 44.7 44.6 44.4 44.3 44.2 44.1 44.0 43.8 43.1 43.8 43.9 44.0 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.4 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.2 44.2 44.2 31 44.1 44.0 43.9 43.9 43.8 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.8 44.1 44.4 44.6 44.7 44.8 45.0 45.1 45.1 45.0 44.9 44.9 44.8 44.8 44.7 44.4 MONTHLY AVERACE 53.6

e TABLE 3.2-11 AVERACE HOURI.Y TEMPERATURE IN *F VERMONT YANKEE SAMPl.E STATION NO. 7 NOVEMBER 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

! 44.6 44.6 44.5 44.6 44.5 44.5 44.4 44.5 44.5 44.5 44.6 44.6 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.7 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.5 44.5 44.4 4. 4 44.6 2 44.3 44.3 44.2 44.2 4.1 4.1 44,0 44.0 4.1 44.1 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.4 44.3 44.2 44.1 44.0 43.9 43.8 43.8 43.8 44.1 3 43.7 43.6 43.5 43.5 43.4 43.3 43.2 43.2 43.0 43.1 43.0 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.3 43.2 43.2 43.2 43.1 43.0 42.9 42.8 42.7 43.2 4 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.6 42.5 42.5 42.6 42.6 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 5 42.7 42.7 42.' 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.3 43.3 43.3 43.2 43.0 6 43.2 43.1 43.0 43.0 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.8 42.7 42.8 42.9 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.9 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 42.9 42.8 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.9 7 42.6 42.6 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.4 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.9 43.0 42.9 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.8 42.7 42.7 8 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.8 42.8 42.9 42.9 43.0 43.2 43.3 43.5 43.6 r 3.6 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.6 43.6 43.7 43.7 43.2 9 43.7 43.7 43.7 43.6 43.6 43.6 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.5 43.4 43.3 43.3 43.2 43.2 43.0 42.9 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.0 43.3 10 42.9 42.9 42.9 42.9 42.8 42.7 42.7 42.7 42.6 42.6 42.6 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.4 42.3 42.2 42.2 42.2 42.2 42.1 42.0 42.0 42.5 11 42.0 41.9 41.9 41.8 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.6 41.5 41.5 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.3 41.3 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.7 41.5 12 40.6 40.4 40.3 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.0 40.0 40.0 39.8 39.7 39.6 39.6 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.3 39.2 39.2 39.1 39.1

( 39.8 1

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m im m M M M TJLBIJE 3.2-12 AVERACE HOURLY TEMPERATURE IM *F VERMONT YANREE SAMP!E STATION NO. 7 DECEMBER 1980 DAILY DAY HOUR AVERACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.6 2 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.9 35.9 36.0 36.0 35.8 35.7 35.7 35.7 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.9 35,8 3 35.9 35.9 36. 0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.2 35.3 36.3 36.3 36.4 36.4 36.4 36.4 36. 3 36.2 36.1 36.0 35.9 35.7 35.5 36.1 4 35.4 35.3 35.2 35.0 34.8 34.7 34.5 34.4 34.3 34. 3 34. 3 34.2 36.2 34.2 34.1 34.1 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.5 33.4 33.2 33.1 34.2 5 33.1 32.9 32.8 32.8 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.3 32.3 32.3 3?.3 12.4 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.2 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.4 6 32. 0 32.0 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 7 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 8 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 22.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 9 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 10 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 11 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 1 12 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0

(} 13 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 g 14 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 15 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 2.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.1 32.1 32.1 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 16 32. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 17 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 18 32.0 12.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 19 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 20 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 21 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 .32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 22 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 23 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.6 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 24 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 25 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 26 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 27 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 28 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 29 12. 0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 30 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 31 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 MONTFLY AVERACE 32.5 4

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M M M M M. M M T10BIJ 3.5-2 DIFFERENCES IN HOURLY MEAM TEMPERATURF.S IN *F BETWEEN MONITOR 3 AND MOMITOR 7 FEBRUARY 1980 DAY HOUR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0. 2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 b.6 0. 5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 3 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 c.5 4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 1.9 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 3.1 5.3 4.2 3.4 2.9 2.6 2.3 6 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.7 6.1 5.7 4.1 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 7 5.1 5.5 6.0 6.3 6.5 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.7 8.3 7.2 5.7 4.9 4.7 4.4 5.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 8 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.0 3.5 5.0 7.0 5.2 4.2 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.4 3. 8 5.8 5.1 3.2 2.6 2.4 2.4 9 2.2 2. 2 2.1 2.3 2.5 3.2 3.2 3.5 4.2 4.8 5.9 6.8 7.6 8.1 8.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.5 7.3 6.6 6.4 5.8 5.4 10 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.3 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.9 7.7 8.0 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 97 6.8 4.9 4.6 4.3 4.3 11 3.2 2. 7 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.2 4.4 5.1 6.2 7.3 7.6 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.7 7. 5 6.8 4.9 3.0 2.3 2.0 12 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1. 9 1.7 2.2 2.4 4.7 5.9 6.8 7.3 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.8 7.7 7.1 5.6 3.9 3.2 2.8 2.8 13 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.9 4.7 5.9 7.0 7.2 7. 6 7.9 8.1 8.1 8.0 7.7 7.4 7.3 6.6 5.5 4.6 4.1 14 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 5.4 6.1 6.7 7.4 8.1 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.3 8.1 7.9 7.6 6.8 6.1 5.5 5.0 15 4.5 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.4 6.1 6.9 7.5 8.1 8.4 8.8 8.9 8.9 8.1 8.4 8.1 7.8 7.2 7.3 7.1 6.8 y 16 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.2 7.3 7.6 7.8 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.4 8.7 8.7 8.8 8.9 3.8 8.7 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.4 8.2 (n 17 7.8 7.5 7.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7. 5 7.8 8.2 8.7 9.2 9.4 9.6 9.5 9.2 8.9 8.8 9.0 9.0 8.6 8.2 Fa 18 8.1 7. 3 7.2 6.9 6.7 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.8 8.5 9.1 9.4 9.4 9.3 9.0 8.7 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.3 7.8 7.9 8 19 7.6 7.1 7.1 6.9 6.8 6.8 7. 2 7.3 7.5 7.9 8.2 8.7 9.3 9.9 10.0 9.3 7. 5 5.9 4.4 3.2 2.4 1.9 1.7 1.7 20 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.1 3.3 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.8 6.3 6.6 6.7 5.4 4.1 2.7 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.6 21 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.5 3.2 4.0 5.0 6.1 7.0 7.8 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.4 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.6 9.1 8.4 7. 8 22 7.5 7.0 7.0 6.6 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.8 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1 23 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.0 5.3 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 5.1 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.6 24 5.3 4.9 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.5 8. 0 8.4 8.8 9.1 9.5 9.6 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.7 8.8 8.2 7. 7 25 7. 3 7.2 6.9 6.4 6.1 6.0 6.5 7.1 7. 8 8.2 8.5 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.4 7.8 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.0 6.5 5.3 4.1 3.7 26 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.4 4.0 4.8 5.9 6.9 7.5 7.9 8.1 8.0 7.8 7.6 7. 3 7.3 7.7 7.8 6.8 5.7 5. 0 27 4.5 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.5 5. 0 5.7 6.5 7.4 7.8 8.0 8.0 7.9 7.4 7.1 6.6 6.0 5.3 3.9 3.1 2.7 2.6 28 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.7 5.5 6.3 6.0 5.6 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.1 5.3 6.1 6.3 6.1 5.6 29 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.4 6.1 6.8 7.6 8.3 9.0 7. 4 5.4 3.9 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.1

T)(BIJE 3.5-3 DIFFERENCES IN HOURLY MEAM TEMPERATURES 15 *F BETWEEN MONITOR 3 AND MONITOR 7 MARCH 1980 DAY HOUR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.5 5.7 6.9 7. 3 7.6 7.9 7.8 7.A 7.1 7.0 7.0 7.2 7.2 7.5 2 7.7 7. 8 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 8.0 8.0 8.4 8.6 9.0 9.4 9.9 10.2 10.4 10.4 10.3 10.1 10.0 9.8 9.7 9.5 3 9.2 9.1 8.8 8.8 8.7 8.6 8.6 8.6 9.0 9.3 9.6 10.0 10.3 10.3 9.9 9.5 9.1 8.5 7.5 5.8 4.2 3.2 2.5 2.1 4 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.5 3.0 4.0 4.9 5.9 7. 0 7.3 7. 4 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.3 6.7 5.4 3.7 3.0 2.9 2.7 5 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 5.0 6.1 6.9 7.7 7.8 5.9 4.3 3.2 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.4 7.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 6 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.5 4.3 5.1 6.1 6.9 7.6 8.7 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.8 8.4 8.2 8.4 6.5 5.6 5.3 4.8 7 4.2 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.5 6.0 6.7 7.2 8.0 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.1 10.1 10.2 9.5 6.6 4.6 3.2 2.4 8 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.9 6.3 6.5 6.0 5.7 5.3 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.3 6.2 7.0 6.3 5.0 3.9 9 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.8 3.0 3.4 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.9 6.4 7.0 7. 8 8.4 8.8 9.1 9.7 7.6 6.1 5.1 4.5 10 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 4.0 5.0 6.1 7.1 7.8 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.8 8.4 7.6 5.8 3.6 2.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 11 20 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.9 3.9 4.6 5.5 4.4 2.9 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.4 3.1 4.1 5.2 6.1 4.6 2.9 2.0 1.s 1.6 1.5 12 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.7 2.3 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.8 5.2 5.4 5.7 6.3 6.6 6.8 6.1 4.3 2.9 2.3 2.0 13 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.9 3.3 4.4 5.2 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.7 4.4 3.2 2.5 2.1 14 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.3 5.4 4.9 3.6 2.7 2.4 2.3 15 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.8 4.5 5.9 5.6 4.6 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.7 5. 3 5.0 4.4 4.0 3.6

  ,   16  3.1 2.7  2.4 2.4 2.7 3.3   3.7  3.9   42     4.7   5.1    5.7   6.2    6.8  7.2  7.8  8.2  8.5  8.8 8.9 9.0    9.1 9.2  9.2 tn   17  9.2 9.0  8.9 8.9 8.9 8.9   8.9  9.0   9.2    9.5   3.7   10.0 10.1   10.1 10.0 9.7    9.0  7.4  5.4  3.8   2.8 2.3 2.2  2.1 ha   18  2.1 2.1  2.2 2.7 3.0 3.2   2.7  2.2   1.9    1.8   1.8    1.8   1.7    1.8  2.0  2.0  1.8  1.7  1.4  1.4   1.2 1.0 1.1  1.1 1   19  1.0 1.0  1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9   0.9  1.0   1.0    1.0   1.1    1.3   1.3    1.4  1.4  1.4  1.4  1.2  1.2  1. 3  1.2 1.2 1.2  1.1 20  1.1 1.1  1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0   1.1   1. 2 1.4    1.6   1.7    1.8   1.9    1.9  1.9  2.0  2. 0 1.8  1.7  1.5   1.5 1.5 1.5  1.4 21  1.4 1.3  1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2   1.1   1.3  1.3    1.3   1.3    1.3   1.3    1.3  1.3  1.2  1.2  0.8 0.4 0.4 0.3     0.2 0.6  0.5 22  0.4 0.3  0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3   0.3  0.4   0.5    0.5   0.4    0.5   0.6    0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5      0.5 0.4 0.4    0.5 0.5  0.6 23  0.7 0.7  0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8   1.0   1.0  0.9    1.0   1.1    1.2   1.4    1.2  1.1  1.1  1.1  0.9  0.8 0.6 0.4    0.3 0.2  0.3 24  0.3 0.4  0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1   1.3   1.3  1.1    1.0   1.2     1.3  1. 5   1.5  1.6  1.5  1.3  1.2  0.9 0.7 0.6    0.6 0.6  0.7 25  0.8 0.9  0.9 0.7 1.3 1.4   0.9   1.2  1.4    1.5   1.8    2.2   2.1    2.2  2.3  2.0  1.6  1.2  1.0  1.0   1.1 1.1 1.4  1.2 26  1.3 1.3  1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0   0.9  0.9   0.7    0.7   0.7    0,5   0.6    0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8         1.0 1.1 1.3  1.4 27  1.5 1.5  1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3   1.2   1.1  0.7    0.0  -0.1   -0.3  -0.7   -0.2 0.3 1.1 0.9     1.0  1.3  1. 't 0.9 1.0 1.0  1.0 28  1.0 1.2  1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4   1.4   1.3  1.2    0.9   0.7    0.8   0.8    1.2  1.4  1.6  1.7  1.7  1.6  1. 4  1.0 0.7 0.5  0.6 29  0.7 0.7  0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0   0.9   1.0  1.0    1.1   1.2     1.4  1.4    1.0  0.7  0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -C.3   0.0 0.2 0.4  0.6 30  0.8 0.9  1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1   1.0  0.8   0.8    0.3   0.9     1.0  1.2    1.4  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.3  1.5   1.5 1.4 1.3  1.1 31  0.8 0.7  0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6   0.6  0.4   0.2    0.0  -0.1    0.1   0.1    0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1         0.1 0.3  0.4 M                              M      M         M         M          M                                                M      M    M

E E E E E E , TJLBIJE 3.5-4 DIFFERENCES IN HOURLY MEAN TEMPERATURES IN *F BETWEEN MONITOR 3 AND MONITOR 7 APRIL 1980 DAY HOUR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 2 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0. 7 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 4 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.4 5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 6 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 7 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 ..I !.0 8 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 10 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 11 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 12 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 13 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.* 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 04 0.5 14 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 15 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 16 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1. 0 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 n 17 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 va 18 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 I l' O.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.o 0.6 0.5 20 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.2 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 21 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.1 22 SYSTEM INOPERATIVE 23 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.3 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 24 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 1. 5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 25 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 4.6 1.5 1.6 26 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1. 3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 27 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 28 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 *3

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4. WATER QUALITY STUDIES Four water quality parameters, in addition to temperature, have been monitored continuously by Honeywell W-20 Water Quality Data Collection Systems since 1968 at Station 3, downstream of Vermont Yankee, and since 1970 at Station 7, upstream of the plant. Summaries of the dissolved oxygen and pH data collected in 1980 are shown in Table 4.1 for Station 3 and 4.2 for Station 7.

The dissolved oxygen data are reduced to daily means and daily maxima and minima with times of occurrence; the pH data are shown as daily maxima and minima. The amendment of Vermont Yankee's Appendix B Technical Specif-ications in February 1980 deleted the requirement that conductivity I and turbidity be monitored continuously. To complete the record on these parameters, data collected in January and February 1980 are summarized in Table 4.3. The tabulated dissolved oxygen and pH data of Tables 3.1 and I 3.2 are presented graphically in Figures 4.1 through 4.4. The shaded areas in those figures show the largest maximum and smallest minimum observed in that month in any one of the years of record prior to 1980. The shaded areas in the dissolved oxygen graphs are divided by lines connecting the mean DO observed for each month in all the previous years of observations. The maximum hourly average DO observed at Station 7 in June, 9.9 mg/1, was equal to the maximum previously observed there in 1973. All other monthly DO maxima and minima at' both stations in 1980 were within the ranges previously observed for each month. Monthly average Do concentrations in 1980 were also within extremes I of the earlier years. Station 3 monthly means in January through March and October through December were higher than the means for I -- . _ ..

those months computed from t.se data of all prior years of observa-tions. For Station 7, the January through March, June, November, and December means were greater than the means in those months for the years 1970-1979. The pH maximum of 7.7 observed at Station 3 in January 1980 exceeded the previous record there of 7.5 observed in 1975 and 1979. All other pH maxima and minima of 1980 were within the pH extremes that have been previously observed. Grab samples of water quality analysis were collected once each quarter in 1980 at the two monitor stations and,from Vermont Yankee's cooling water discharge to the river on the three sample dates on which the plant was operating. These samples were analyzed for sixteen parameters by the procedures of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 14th edition (APHA et al. 1976). The analytical results are shown in Table 4.4. Concentrations observed in 1980 at both Station 3 and 7 for all parameters were well within extremes that had been observed in earlier study years. On occasion Vermont Yankee adds the following chemicals to its cooling water discharge to the Connecticut River: sodium sulfate, as demineralizer regenerant; sodium hypochlorite, to control biological fouling of the condenser cooling system; and sulfuric acid, for pH control. The amounts of these chemicals discharged to the river are relatively small and not likely to significantly alter the river's water quality. However, to provide a quantitative basis for assessing the impact of Vermont l Yankee's operation on Connecticut River water quality, data on the concentrations of sodium ion, chloride ion, sulfate ion, and alkalinity concentrations were subjected to statistical analysis. The statistical methods used with these four parameters have been detailed in Reports IV and V of this series (Aquatec 1975, 1976). Data collected for these four parameters at Stations 3 and 7 before Vermont Yankee began operation and during the times of closed cycle operation through 1974 were combined and subjected to linear regression analysis. These analyses, using Station 7 con-centrations as the independent variable, resulted in the statistics summarized in Table 4.5. TABLE 4.5

SUMMARY

OF STATISTICS FROM LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF PREOPERATIONAL AND CLOSED CYCLE DATA AT STATIONS 7 AND 3 FOR FOUR PARAMETERS PARAMETER Sodium Sulfate Chloride Alkalinity Sample size 70 72 79 80 Intercept 0.23 0.96 1.1 4.9 Regression coefficient 0.925 0.927 0.795 0.844 Standard error of regression coefficient 0.041 0.054 0.053 0.049 Correlation coefficient 0.941 0.899 0.861 0.890 Standard error of estimate 0.348 0.987 0.841 2.95 The regression lines generated by these analyses are plotted as solid lines in Figure 4.5 for sodium ion, Figure 4.6 for sul-fate lon, Figure 4.7 for chloride ion, and Figure 4.8 for al..wi-linity. Each figure also shows, as dashed lines, the 95% confidence

 ,   limits for Station 3 concentrations predicted by the regression equation from new observations at Station 7. These confidence limits were drawn from limits calculated for the minimum, mean, and maximum Station 7 concentrations used for each parameter in I the regression analyses. The applicable range of Station 7 con-centrations for each regression equation is indicated on the figure by the vertical dashed lines at the minimum and maximum value of Station 7 concentrations used to develop the equation.

On each of the figures, points for the data from samples collected in September, during closed cycle operation, and December, when Vermont Yankee was not operating, are plotted as filled circles. Points for the data of February and May, when Vermont Yankee was using open cycle cooling, are plotted as open circles. The plotted points for all four parameters are well within the 95% confidence limits for Station 3 concentrations predicted by the regression equations.

DISSOLVED OXYGEN STATION NO.3 1980 15 4 4 M *= b:ss:

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i COMPARISON OF OBSERVED STATION 3 SODIUM ION CONCENTRATIONS I WITH STATION 3 CONCENTR^TIONS PREDICTED FROM ! PREOPERATIONAL / CLOSED CYCLE DATA , STATIONS 7 AND 3,1969 - 74 I' y 15 - 14 - 13 - 12 -

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COMPARISON OF OBSERVED STATION 3 CHLORIDE !ON CONCENTRATION WITH STATION 3 CONCENTRATIONS PREDICTED FROM PREOPERATIONAL / CLOSED C ;CLE DATA , STATIONS 7 AND 3,1967 - 74 I I y i5 - 14 - 13 -

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        . 95 % CONFIDENCE LIMITS FOR PREDICTED y VALUES                     - - - - - - - - - -

VERMONT YANKEE OPEN CYCLE,1980 o VERMONT YANKE E CLOSEL CYCLE OR NOT OPERATING ,1980

FIGURE 4.7

T l COMPARISON OF OBSERVED STATION 3 ALKALINITY CONCENTRATIONS WITH STATION 3 CONCENTRATIONS PREDICTED FROM g PREOPERATIONAL / CLOSED CYCLE DATA , STATIONS 7 AND 3,1967 - 74 I

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                  - 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS FOR PREDICTED y VALUES VERMONT YANKEE OPEN CYCLE,1980                                            o VERMONT YANKEE CLOSED CYCLE OR NOT OPERATING,1980                         e I                                          FIGURE 4.8 TABLE 4.1-1 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 JANUARY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L)                          EH Day Maximum     Time      Minimum      Time    Mean    Maximum     Minimum _

1 13.1 0000 12.5 0900 12.9 7.6 7.3 2 13.1 2130 12.5 0900 12.9 7.6 7.3 3 13.2 2300 12.5 0800 13.0 7.7 7.4 4 13.2 0000 12.8 0800 13.1 7.7 7.4 , 5 13.3 0600 13.0 0530 13.2 7.6 7.4 6 13.4 0130 12.9 1900 13.2 7.6 7.3 7 13.4 2030 12.6 0730 13.2 7.6 7.5 8 13.4 0000 12.8 0800 13.2 7.7 7.4 1 9 13.2 0000 12.6 0930 13.1 7.7 7.5

 $ 10    13.1       1030        12.6      0930     12.9     7.6          7.3 8

11 13.0 1630 12.4 0830 12.8 7.5 7.3 12 13.1 2300 12.8 0400 13.0 7.5 7.3 13 13.2 0000 12.7 0930 13.0 7.6 7.4 14 13.3 2130 12.8 0800 13.1 7.6 7.5 15 13.3 1700 12.8 0900 13.1 7.5 7.4 16 13.2 0100 12.8 2330 13.0 7.6 7.3 17 13.0 2400 12.8 1730 12.9 7.6 7.3 18 13.2 0730 13.0 2230 13.1 7.5 7.2 19 13.2 0300 13.0 2400 13.1 7.6 7.4 20 13.2 1730 12.5 1030 13.0 7.5 7.4 21 13.2 0200 12.6 0830 13.0 7.6 7.3 22 13.1 0000 12.6 0830 12.9 7.7 7.5 23 12.8 1700 12.3 0830 12.6 Sensor Inoperative 24 12.8 1930 12.4 0600 12.6 25 12.8 2300 12.4 0830 12.6 7.6 7.5 26 12.8 2200 12.3 1830 12.6 7.5 7.2 27 12.8 0300 12.3 2400 12.6 7.5 7.1 i 28 13.0 1830 12.4 0230 12.7 7.5 7.3 29 13.0 1300 12.5 0900 12.8 Sensor Inoperative 30 13.2 2100 12.5 0930 12.9 , 31 13.3 0130 12.8 0800 13.1 l M M M M M M

M M M M TABLE 4.1-2 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 FEBRUARY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.3 1230 13.1 2400 13.2 Sensor Inoperative 2 13.1 1930 13.0 0900 13.1 " " 3 13.3 1430 13.1 0200 13.2 " " 4 13.3 1830 13.1 0700 13.2 " " 5 13.2 0400 12.7 1830 13.1 " " 6 13.1 1600 12.6 0830 12.9 " " 7 13.3 2030 12.4 0800 12.9 " " 8 13.3 0200 12.5 0930 13.0 7.4 7.2 9 12.9 0130 12.3 1730 12.6 7.4 7.2 4 10 12.9 2200 12.3 1730 12.6 7.4 7.2 H 11 13.0 2000 12.4 1030 12.7 7.5 7.2 8 12 13.1 2100 12.4 1130 12.7 7.5 7.2 13 13.0 0130 12.6 1130 12.8 7.5 7.3 14 13.1 0430 12.6 1300 12.8 7.5 7.3 15 13.0 0200 12.6 1500 12.7 7.4 7.2 16 12.7 0000 12.4 2400 12.5 7.4 7.3 17 12.5 0300 12.1 2100 12.3 7.5 7.3 18 12.4 0500 12.2 2200 12.3 7.5 7.2 19 13.0 2100 12.2 1300 12.5 7.4 7.2 20 13.1 2130 12.5 1600 12.8 7.5 7.3 21 13.0 0200 12.2 1730 12.6 7.5 7.3 22 12.6 0630 12.4 0100 12.5 7.4 7.3 23 12.6 1730 12.2 2130 12.4 7.4 7.3 24 12.3 0200 11.9 2030 12.1 7.4 7.3 25 12.4 2200 12.0 0900 12.2 7.4 7.2 26 12.4 0300 12.0 1100 12.2 7.4 7.3 27 12.7 2300 12.0 1100 12.3 7.5 7.3 28 12.6 0000 12.3 0900 12.5 7.5 7.3 29 12.9 2230 12.2 1600 12.6 7.5 7.2

TABLE 4.1-3 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 MARCH 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 12.9 0000 12.2 2400 12.5 7.5 7.2 2 12.2 1300 12.0 2100 12.1 7.3 7.1 3 12.7 2300 12.0 0700 12.2 7.4 7.1 4 12.8 2300 12.3 1200 12.5 7.4 7.2 5 12.8 0100 12.2 1100 12.6 7.4 7.3 6 12.7 0130 12.1 1130 '2.4 7.4 7.2 7 12.8 0200 12.2 1900 12.5 7.4 7.2 9 12.6 0000 11.9 2000 12.3 7.3 7.2 9L 12.3 02'00 11.7 1930 12.1 7.4 7.2 4 10 12.5 2300 11.7 1530 12.1 7.4 7.1 M

                                  '                     11               12.5                 0200         12.0      1700    12.3      7.4        7.3 12               12.5                 2300         11.8      1730    12.2      7.3        7.1 13              12.5                 0000        11.8       1730    12.2      7.4        7.1 14               12.3                 2230        11.8       1530     .2.1     7.3        7.2 15              12.2                 0230         11.8      1930    12.0      7.4        7.2 16               12.0                 0230         11.4      2300    11.7      7.5        7.2 2

17 12.2 2400 11.4 0530 11.7 7.3 7.2 18 13.3 2100 12.2 0830 12.6 7.3 7.2 19 13.2 0930 12.8 1900 13.0 7.3 7.0 20 13.3 0403 12.8 1700 13.0 7.4 7.1 21 13.4 2400 12.8 0830 13.0 7.3 7.2 22 13.7 1830 13.4 2400 13.5 7.3 7.1 23 13.4 1030 12,9 2400 13.2 7.3 7.1 24 13.2 0930 12.9 0600 13.0 7.3 7.1 25 13.3 1530 13.0 0300 13.1 7.4 7.2 26 13.5 0130 12.9 1930 13.2 7.4 7.3 27 13.3 1430 12.5 2300 12.9 7.5 7.3 28 13.1 1400 12.5 2200 12.7 7.5 7.3 29 13.0 1500 12.6 0000 12.8 7.5 7.3 30 13.2 1300 13.0 0500 13.1 7.5 7.4 31 13.3 Q130 12.9 1630 13.1 7.5 7.4 l o SEE

M M M - TABLE 4.1-4 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 APRIL 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) EH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.3 0000 1. 2 . 7 1630 13.0 7.6 7.3 2 13.1 0000 12.7 2400 12.9 7.5 7.3 3 13.1 0630 12.7 2330 12.9 7.4 7.2 4 12.9 2300 12.6 0800 12.7 7.4 7.3 5 13.1 1830 12.9 0200 13.0 7.6 7.4 G 13.2 0200 12.8 2400 13.0 7.6 7.3 7 12.8 0000 12.4 2300 12.6 7.5 7.3 8 12.4 0000 12.1 2130 12.2 7.4 7.3

9 12.4 1430 12.1 2400 12.3 7.4 7.3 j 10 13.7 2400 12.1 0000 13.0 7.4 7.2 i 11 13.9 2000 13.7 0000 13.8 7.5 7.3 12 13.9 1200 13.7 0530 13.8 7.6 7.3 13 13.8 0100 13.6 1900 13.7 7.5 7.3 14 13.7 0130 13.4 2100 13.5 7.6 7.3 15 13.3 0030 12.8 2300 13.0 7.4 7.2 16 12.9 1100 12.7 2200 12.8 7.4 7.3 17 12.9 0800 12.7 1500 12.8 7.4 7.3 18 12.9 0130 12.7 ,2000 12.8 7.4 7.2 19 12.7 0000 12.4 2100 12.4 7.4 7.2 20 12.4 0000 12.0 2400 12.2 7.4 7.2 21 12.0 0000 11.8 1300 11.9 7.3 7.1 22 11.9 0000 10.8 1900 11.4 7.3 7.1 23 11.4 2030 11.2 0600 11.3 7.3 7.2 24 11.4 0100 11.1 2300 11.2 7.4 7.2 25 11.4 1230 11.1 0330 11.2 7.4 7.2 26 11.3 0900 11.1 2400 11.2 7.3 7.2 27 11.1 2400 10.8 1200 10.9 7.4 7.2 28 11.5 2400 11.0 0600 11.2 7.5 7.3 29 11.7 2400 11.4 0900 11.5 7.4 7.3 30 11.7 0200 11.5 0800 11.6 7.4 7.2

TABLE 4.1-5 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 MAY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L)_ EH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 11.7 0000 11.4 2300 11.5 7.4 7.2 2 11.4 0630 11.0 2400 11.2 7.4 7.2 3 11.1 0630 10.6 2000 10.8 7.4 7.2 4 10.7 0000 10.2 2400 10.4 7.3 7.1 5 10.2 0000 9.9 0930 10.1 7.3 7.1 6 10.1 0000 9.7 1600 9.9 7.4 7.2 7 9.8 0000 9.5 2400 9.6 7.3 7.2 8 10.0 2400 9.5 0000 9.8 7.3 7.2 9 10.3 1630 10.0 0000 10.1 7.4 7.3 a 10 10.3 2100 10.1 1030 10.2 7.5 7.3 i 11 10.4 0900 10.2 2200 10.3 7.4 7.3 12 10.3 0400 10.1 1300 10.2 7.6 7.3 13 10.1 0300 9.9 1900 10.0 7.5 7.4 14 10.0 0100 9.7 1200 9.8 7.4 7.3 15 10.0 1800 9,7 1100 9.9 7.4 7.3 ! 16 10.0 2230 9.8 0130 9.9 7.5 7.3 17 10.0 0130 9.8 2230 9.9 7.5 7.2 ! 18 9.9 1430 9.6 2400 9.8 7.4 7.2 19 9.8 1700 9.5 0600 9.6 7.5 7.3 20 9.7 1630 9.5 0430 9.6 76 7.2 21 9.6 0000 9.4 1300 9.5 7.5 7.3 22 9.8 2100 9.3 0500 9.6 7.8 7.4 23 9.7 0000 9.3 0800 9.5 7.9 7.4 24 9.-5 2000 9.2 0930 9.3 7.8 7.4 25 9.5 1600 9.1 0700 9.3 7.8 7.4 26 9.3 1600 9.0 2400 9.1 7.7 7.5 27 9.3 2100 8.9 0600 9.1 7.7 7.4 28 9.3 2130 8.9 0600 9.1 7.7 7.4 29 9.4 1600 8.9 0600 9.2 7.8 7.4 30 9.1 1300 8.8 2400 9.0 7.7 7.4 31 9.0 1730 8.7 2400 8.9 7.7 7.3

                                                       -                                            M                     -

g

M M s TABLE 4.1-6 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 JUNE 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 9.1 1700 8.7 0530 8.9 7.9 7.5 2 9.6 1630 8.9 0600 9.3 8.3 7.7 3 9.3 1500 8.8 2400 9.1 7.9 7.5 4 9.0 1300 8.5 2400 8.8 7.7 7.4 5 8.9 1900 8.4 0800 8.6 7.8 7.4 6 8.8 0000 8.4 2400 8.6 7.6 7.4 7 8.4 0000 8.1 2230 8.2 7.4 7.2 8 8.7 0000 7.9 1300 8.0 7.4 7.2 9 8.4 1630 7.8 0630 8.1 7.4 7.2 b 10 8.3 2100 7.9 0500 8.1 7.4 7.2 T 11 8.5 1900 8.1 0430 8.3 7.4 7.3 12 8.8 1630 8.3 0500 8.6 7.6 7.2 13 l 9.1 1930 8.7 0500 8.9 7.S 7.3 14 9.5 2030 8.9 0500 9.2 8.1 7.4 15 9.6 0000 9.4 2400 9.5 7.9 7.6 16 9.4 0000 9.0 2400 9.2 8.1 7.7 17 9.1 1700 8.8 1230 8.9 8.0 7.6 18 8.9 0000 8.5 2400 8.7 7.8 7.5 19 8.9 1830 8.3 0500 8.6 7.9 7.4 20 8.8 1800 8.4 0730 8.6 7.5 7.3 21 8.6 1630 8.3 2300 8.4 7.5 7.3 22 8.5 2230 8.0 0730 8.3 7.6 7.2 23 8.8 1930 8.3 0330 8.6 7.7 7.3 24 No Valid Data 7.9 7.3 25 " " " 8.0 7.4 26 " " 7.9 7.5 27 8.6 1630 7.8 0900 8.2 8.0 7.6 28 8.5 1530 7.9 0700 8.3 7.9 7.5 29 8.1 0000 7.9 2000 8.0 7.6 7.4 30 8.0 0000 7.4 1100 7.6 7.5 7.3

TABLE 4.1-7 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 JULY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 7.7 1830 7.0 0630 7.4 7.6 7.3 2 7.7 1800 7.0 0800 7.4 7.5 7.2 3 8.0 1900 7.3 0700 7.7 7.7 7.3 4 8.6 2200 7.5 2230 8.1 8.0 7.4 5 8.4 1600 8.1 2400 8.2 7.9 7.6 6 8.5 1500 7.7 0700 8.2 7.8 7.4 7 8.8 1900 7.8 0630 8.3 8.1 7.4 8 8.5 0000 7.9 2400 8.2 7.8 7.5 i 9 8.4 1900 7.6 0700 8.0 7.8 7.4 y 10 8.3 1600 7.7 2400 8.0 7.7 7.4

11 7.8 1830 7.4 0600 7.6 7.7 7.3 12 7.9 1830 7.1 0600 7.5 7.6 7.2 13 7.8 1700 7.4 0700 7.6 7.6 7.4 14 8.0 1900 7.2 0700 7.6 7.8 7.3 15 7.7 0000 7.1 2400 7.4 7.6 7.3 16 7.9 1930 6.5 0730 7.2 79 7.2 17 7.8 1830 7.2 0730 7.5 7.8 7.4 18 8.1 1830 7.2 0700 7.6 7.8 7.3 19 8.0 1630 7.3 2400 7.7 7.6 7.3 20 7.3 0000 6.9 0730 7.0 7.5 7.2 21 7.8 1930 6.7 0730 7.3 7.7 7.2 22 7.5 0000 6.3 2400 6.6 -

7.5 7.1 23 6.4 1330 6.1 2400 6.2 7.2 7.0 24 6.4 1800 5.9 0600 6.2 7.2 6.9 25 6.4 1900 5.9 0600 6.2 7.2 6.8 26 6.8 1930 6.2 0630 6.5 7.2 6.9 27 6.9 1530 6.2 2030 6.5 7.3 6.9 28 6.5 1600 6.0 2400 6.3 7.3 7.0 29 6.1 1530 5.7 0730 5.9- 7.1 7.0 l 30 6.2 1800 5.7 0500 5.9 7.3 7.0 31 6.6 1830 5.9 0700 6.2 7.3 7.0

t TABLE 4.1-8 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 AUGUST 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 6.6 1330 6.2 2400 6.4 7.3 7.0 2 6.8 1730 6.1 0730 6.5 7.3 7.0 3 6.9 2400 6.2 0730 6.5 7.2 7.0 4 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 5 6 7 " " " " 8 " " " " l 9 7.5 1700 6.9 0700 7.2 7.4 7.1 d 10 7.4 2130 7.0 0600 7.2 7.2 7.0 I 11 7.1 0000 6.6 2400 6.9 7.1 6.9 12 6.8 1900 6.5 0600 6.6 7.1 6.9 13 6.8 1400 6.4 0730 6.6 7.1 6.9 14 6.8 2400 6.5 1300 6.6 7.1 7.0 15 7.4 1830 6.8 0000 7.1 7.3 6.9 16 7.1 0000 6.8 0800 7.0 7.1 6.9 17 Pump Inoperative Pump I11 operative H H H H 4 19 7.3 1200 6.6 2400 7.0 7.3 7.0 20 6.6 1730 6.2 0830 6.4 7.2 7.0 21 6.6 1800 6.2 0600 6.4 7.2 7.0 22 6.7 1800 6.2 0800 6.4 7.3 7.0 23 6.9 2230 6.3 0530 6.6 7.5 7.0 24 7.4 2100 6.8 0300 7.1 7.7 7.1 25 7.4 1700 6.8 0730 7.1 7.6 7.1 26 7.5 1800 6.9 0730 7.2 7.5 7.1 27 7.0 0000 6.5 0900 6.7 7.4 7.0 28 7.2 1630 6.7 0830 7.0 7.2 7.0 29 7.4 1730 6.8 0830 7.1 7.2 7.0 30 7.8 1630 7.0 0630 7.4 7.4 7.0 31 7.7 1730 7.4 0630 7.6 7.4 7.1

TABLE 4.1-9 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 SEPTEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) M Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 8.0 1430 7.5 0630 7.7 7.5 7.2 2 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 m 9 10 8.0 1230 7.6 0600 7.8 7.4 7.0 11 7.9 1500 7.4 2400 7.7 7.4 7.0 12 7.9 0000 7.6 2400 7.8 7.5 7.2 13 7.6 0000 7.5 2230 7.6 7.3 7.2 14 7.5 0000 7.3 2400 7.4 7.4 7.2 15 7.7 1630 7.1 0530 7.4 7.2 7.1 16 7.9 1630 7.4 0700 7.6 7.4 7.1 17 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 M M M M

~^

TABLE 4.1-10 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pII DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 OCTOBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) g Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum , 1 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 2 3 9.2 1430 8.8 2400 9.0 7.5 7.2 4 9.1 1830 8.7 0400 8.9 7.5 7.3 5 9.2 1600 8.8 0630 9.0 7.4 7.2 6 9.0 0000 8.7 2400 8.9 7.4 7.2 7 9.0 1600 8.4 0600 8.7 7.4 7.2 8 9.2 1130 8.8 0230 9.0 7.4 7.2 i 9 9.1 1630 8.7 0500 8.9 7.4 7.2 j 10 8.9 1800 8.7 0600 8.8 7.4 7.3 i 11 8.8 0100 8.6 1900 8.7 7.4 7.2 12 8.9 1900 8.6 0700 8.8 7.4 7.2 13 9.0 2000 8.7 0600 8.8 7.4 7.3 14 9.2 1900 8.8 0600 9.0 7.4 7.3 15 9.1 0300 8.9 1300 9.0 7e4 7.3 16 9.2 1100 9.1 0530 9.1 7.4 7.3 17 9.4 1430 9.2 0100 9.3 7.4 7.2 18 9.4 1330 9.2 0730 9.3 7.3 7.2 19 9.4 1900 9.2 0700 9.3 7.3 7.2 20 9.6 1900 9.3 0530 9.4 7.4 7.3 21 9.6 1900 9.5 0500 9.6 7.3 7.1 22 9.8 1730 9.4 0500 9.6 7.2 7.1 23 10.0 1530 9.6 0600 9.8 7.2 7.1 24 10.1 2400 9.8 0700 9.9 7.4 7.1 25 10.3 1730 10.1 0200 10.2 7.4 7.2 26 10.4 1500 10.1 0630 10.2 7.3 7.2 27 10.4 1500 10.2 0400 10.3 7.2 7.1 28 10.5 2400 10.2 0100 10.3 7.3 7.2 29 10.6 2400 10.4 1500 10.5 7.3 7.1 30 10.9 2400 10.5 0500 10.7 7.4 7.2 31 10.9 0000 10.7 1600 10.8 7.3 7.1

TABLE 4.1-11 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 NOVEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) EH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 10.8 0130 10.6 2230 10.7 7.3 7.2 2 10.9 2400 10.6 0530 10.8 7.3 7.1 3 10.9 0000 10.7 1600 10.8 7.3 7.1 4 11.2 2400 10.9 0830 11.0 7.3 7.1 5 11.2 1500 11.1 0600 11.2 7.3 7.2 6 11.2 1100 11.0 2400 11.1 7.3 7.1 7 11.0 0000 10.9 1600 11.0 7.3 7.1 8 11.3 2000 11.0 0100 11.1 7.4 7.2 i 9 11.2 0000 10.9 2400 11.1 7.4 7.2 8 10 11.1 2300 10.9 0700 11.0 7.3 7.2 I 11 11.4 2330 11.1 0300 11.2 7.4 7.2 12 11.7 1400 11.4 0300 11.5 7.5 7.3 13 11.8 1900 11.6 0230 11.7 7.5 7.4 14 11.7 0000 11.6 1300 11.7 7.5 7.3 15 11.9 2000 11.6 0700 11.7 7.4 7.3 16 11.9 0200 11.7 1230 11.8 7.5 7.3 17 12.0 1130 11.9 2230 12.0 7.5 7.3 18 12.3 2400 11.9 0000 12.1 7.5 7.3 19 12.5 0400 12.3 2400 12.4 7.5 7.3 20 12.4 1430 12.3 0730 12.3 7.4 7.2 21 12.7 2230 12.3 0230 12.5 7.3 7.1 22 12.8 1530 12.6 0430 12.7 7.4 7.2 23 12.9 1400 12.7 0100 12.8 7.4 7.3 24 12.8 0000 12.5 1900 12.7 7.3 7.2 , 25 12.8 2000 '12.4 0900 12.6 7.3 7.2

26 12.8 2400 12.5 0800 12.6 7.3 7.1 l

27 13.0 1100 12.8 2200 12.9 7.5 7.3 28 12.9 0300 12.7 1530 12.8 7.4 7.3 29 12.9 0130 12,7 1230 12.8 7.4 7.2 30 13.0 2100 12.8 1000 12.9 7.3 7.2 t ! M 4 M M M

M M M M M TABLE 4.1-12 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 3 DECEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) M Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.0 1430 12.7 0330 12.8 7.3 7.1 2 13.0 1300 12.8 2400 12.9 7.4 7.1 3 12.9 1000 12.7 2400 12.8 7.2 7.0 4 13.1 1400 12.7 0000 12.9 7.2 7.0 5 13.3 1300 12.9 0000 13.1 7.2 7.1 6 13.3 1430 13.1 0330 13.2 7.2 7.1 7 13.2 0000 13.0 1800 13.1 7.2 7.0 8 13.1 0130 12.9 1300 13.0 7.1 7.0 i 9 13.1 0830 12.9 1600 13.0 7.2 7.0 $ 10 13.2 2300 13.0 1030 13.1 7.2 7.0 i 11 13.2 0100 13.1 2300 13.1 7.3 7.1 12 13.2 2200 13.0 5030 13.1 7.3 7.1 13 13.2 0200 13.0 1230 13.1 7.2 7.1 14 13.2 1000 13.0 2330 13.1 7.2 7.0 15 13.2 1500 13.0 0900 13.1 7.2 7.0 16 13.2 2200 13.0 1500 13.1 7.2 7.1 17 13.2 0800 12.9 2330 13.1 7.2 7.0 18 13.0 2130 12.8 1100 12.9 7.2 7.0 19 13.2 2300 12.8 0500 13.0 7.2 7.0 20 13.2 1030 12.9 2330 13.1 7.3 7.0 21 13.0 2100 12.9 0630 13.0 7.2 6.9 22 13.1 2400 13.0 0600 13.0 7.2 7.0 23 13.2 0930 12.9 2400 13.1 7.0 6.9 24 13.0 1400 12.9 0600 12.9 7.1 6.9 25 13.1 2330 12.9 0700 13.0 7.1 6.9 26 13.1 1400 13.0 0600 13.1 7.1 7.0 27 13.2 2400 13.0 9000 13.1 7.0 6.9 28 13.3 1400 13.1 0100 13.2 7.0 6.9 29 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 30 31

TABLE 4.2-1 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 JANUARY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) EH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.3 2130 13.1 0430 13.2 7.2 7.1 2 13.4 1630 13.2 0030 13.3 7.3 7.2 3 13.5 0230 13.4 2100 13.4 7.3 7.2 4 13.5 1630 13.3 1400 13.4 7.3 7.2 5 13.4 0000 13.3 1300 13.4 7.2 7.1 6 13.5 2200 13.4 0600 13.5 7.2 7.2 7 13.7 1200 13.5 2200 13.6 7.3 7.2 8 13.8 1930 13.6 0200 13.7 7.3 7.1 9 13.7 0000 13.6 2400 13.7 7.2 7.1 1 10 13.7 1330 13.6 0400 13.6 7.2 7.1 y 11 13.6 0900 13.5 1530 13.6 7.2 7.1 12 13.7 0900 13.5 2400 13.7 7.2 7.1 13 13.7 2400 13.4 0930 13.6 7.3 7.2 14 13.7 1530 13.6 0630 13.7 7.3 7.2 15 13.7 0000 13.5 2400 13.6 7.2 7.1 16 13.5 0000 13.3 1600 13.4 7.2 7.1 17 13.7 2400 13.3 0000 13.5 7.2 7.0 18 13.7 2000 13.6 0400 13.6 7.2 7.1 19 13.6 1900 13.5 0500 13.6 7.2 7.1 20 13.5 0000 13.3 1930 13.4 7.2 7.1 21 13.5 2400 13.3 1900 13.4 7.3 7.1 22 13.6 0530 13.4 1700 13.5 7.2 7.1 23 13.4 0000 13.2 2030 13.3 7.2 7.1 24 13.3 1230 13.1 1900 13.2 7.2 7.1 25 13.5 2400 13.2 0100 13.4 7.3 7.1 26 13.6 1830 13.5 0400 13.5 7.2 7.1 27 13.6 0000 13.4 2400 13.5 7.2 7.1 28 13.5 0200 13.0 2400 13.3 7.2 7.1 29 13.5 1630 13.3 0900 13.4 7.1 7.0 30 13.6 0500 13.3 2300 13.5 7.1 7.0 31 13.5 2030 13.3 1000 13.4 7.1 7.0 m M M M

M M M M M M M TABLE 4.2-2 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 FEBRUARY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.7 1900 13.4 0300 13.5 7.1 7.0 2 13.6 2400 13.5 0700 13.6 7.1 7.0 3 13.7 0600 13.6 2400 13.6 7.2 7.1-4 13.7 1630 13.5 0400 13.6 7.2 7.1 5 13.8 2100 13.5 0930 13.6 7.2 7.1 6 13.8 1330 13.6 2230 13.7 7.1 7.1 7 13.7 0100 13.3 1900 13.5 7.1 7.0 8 13.6 2100 13.3 0830 13.5 7.1 7.0 i 9 13.6 0000 13.3 1000 13.4 7.1 7.0 $ 10 13.4 1230 13.3 2400 13.3 7.1 7.0 1 11 13.5 2200 13.1 0900 13.3 7.1 7.1 12 13.7 1800 13.5 1000 13.6 7.2 7.1 13 13.7 1800 13.5 0800 13.6 7.2 7.1 14 13.7 0600 13.5 2400 13.6 7.2 7.1 15 13.5 2400 13.4 1000 13.5 7.2 7.1 16 13.5 1000 13.3 2400 13.4 7.1 7.1 17 13.4 2300 13.2 1130 13.3 7.1 7.0 18 13.4 2300 13.2 0330 13.3 7.1 7.0 19 13.5 1530 13.2 0300 13.3 7.1 7.0 20 13.6 2400 13.3 0000 13.5 7.1 7.0 21 13.7 1300 13.5 2400 13.6 7.1 7.0 22 13.5 0000 13.3 2000 13.4 7.1 7.0 23 13.5 0600 13.3 2230 13.4 7.1 7.0 24 13.5 2400 13.3 0000 13.4 7.1 7.0 25 13.7 0900 13.3 2000 13.5 7.1 7.0 26 13.5 0000 13.3 2400 13.4 7.1 7.0 27 13.4 1530 13.3 2130 13.4 7.1 7.0 28 13.4 1500 13.3 2400 13.4 7.1 7.0 29 13.3 0000 13.1 2200 13.2 7.0 7.0

TABLE 4.2-3 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 MARCH 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 13.2 0400 13.0 2400 13.1 7.0 7.0 2 13.1 1730 13.0 0830 13.0 7.1 7.0 3 13.1 2400 12.9 0600 13.0 7.1 7.0 4 13.2 0200 13.0 2000 13.1 7.2 7.1 5 13.4 2200 13.0 0000 13.2 7.1 7.0 6 13.4 0000 12.8 2400 13.1 7.1 7.0 7 12.9 1330 12.6 2330 12.8 7.0 6.9 8 12.8 0600 12.5 2230 12.7 7.0 7.0 9 12.7 1030 12.5 0000 12.6 7.0 7.0 E 10 No Valid Data 7.1 7.0 f 11 7.0 6.9 12 7.0 6.9 13 13.0 1200 12.8 0700 12.9 7.0 6.9 14 13.0 0200 12.8 2400 12.9 7.1 7.0 15 12.9 0800 12.8 2400 12.9 7.1 7.0 16 12.8 0000 12.7 2400 12.8 7.1 7.0 17 13.0 2400 12.8 1300 12.9 7.1 6.9 18 13.3 1600 13.0 0300 13.1 7.0 6.9 19 13.3 2100 12.9 1200 13.1 7.1 6.9 20 13.3 0900 12.9 2400 13.1 7.0 7.0 21 13.4 1900 13.1 0900 13.3 7.0 6.8 22 13.7 1130 13.4 0000 13.6 6.9 6.8 23 13.7 0500 13.1 2400 13.4 7.0 6.9 24 13.4 1530 13.1 0000 13.3 7.0 6.9 25 13.3 2200 13.1 0700 13.2 7.0 6.9 26 13.0 2000 12.8 0800 12.9 7.0 6.9 27 13.1 2300 12.9 1030 13.0 7.1 7.0 28 13.0 0000 12.6 2400 12.8 7.1 7.0 29 12.8 2400 12.6 0000 12.7 7.1 7.0 30 13.0 2300 12.8 1600 12.9 7.1 7.0 31 13.1 0500 12.7 2400 12.9 7.1 7.0 m M M M M M M M

M M M M M M M M M TABLE 4.2-4 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 APRIL 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum liinimum 1 12.9 2400 12.7 0000 12.8 7.1 7.0 2 12.9 1530 12.8 0800 12.9 7.1 7.0 3 12.8 0000 12.3 2230 12.6 7.0 7.0 4 12.6 2400 12.2 0430 12.4 7.0 6.9 5 12.9 2400 12.6 1100 12.8 7.1 6.9 6 13.1 0930 12.6 2400 12.9 7.1 7.0 7 12.8 1600 12.4 2400 12.6 7.1 7.0 8 12.5 1630 12.3 0900 12.4 7.0 6.9 9 12.4 0000 12.3 2400 12.4 7.1 7.0 a 10 13.0 2400 12.2 0200 12.7 7.0 6.8 m 11 13.2 0900 12.9 2200 13.0 7.0 6.9 12 12.9 0000 12.5 2400 12.7 7.0 6.9 13 12.8 0900 12.6 0000 12.7 7.0 6.9 14 12.7 0730 12.5 2400 12.6 7.0 6.9 15 12.6 0230 12.1 1630 12.4 7.0 6.9 16 12.5 2400 12.2 1130 12.3 7.1 6.9 17 12.8 1400 12.5 0000 12.7 7.1 7.0 18 12.8 0900 12.5 2400 12.6 7.1 7.0 19 12.6 0830 12.2 2400 12.4 7.1 7.0 20 12.2 0100 11.8 2400 12.0 7.1 7.0 21 12.1 0930 11.4 2400 11.7 7.1 6.9 22 11.6 0600 11.4 2400 11.5 7.1 6.9 23 11.5 1030 11.2 2230 11.3 7.2 7.1 24 11.2 0000 11.0 2300 11.1 7.2 7.1 25 11.2 0600 10.9 1800 11.1 7.2 7.1 ' 26 11.1 0000 10.8 2400 11.0 7.2 7.0 27 10.9 0100 10.7 1500 10.8 7.2 7.1 28 11.4 2400 10.8 0400 11.1 7.3 7.1 29 11.6 1700 11.4 0500 11.6 7.2 7.0 , 30 11.6 1100 11.4 2200 11.5 7.1 7.0 -

TABLE 4.2-5 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 MAY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 11.5 0000 11.2 2400 11.3 7.1 7.0 2 11.3 0400 10.8 1830 11.0 7.0 6.9 3 10.8 0130 10.5 2400 10.6 7.0 6.9 4 10.5 0000 10.1 2400 10.3 7.0 6.9 5 10.3 1100 10.1 2400 10.2 7.0 6.9 6 10.1 0000 9.8 2400 9.9 7.1 7.0 7 9.8 0000 9.6 1800 9.7 7.1 7.0 8 10.0 2100 9.7 0100 9.8 7.1 7.0 i 9 10.3 1830 9.9 0000 10.1 7.1 7.0

   $    10      10.5         2400         10.3       0000   10.4      7.2         7.0 1    11      10.7         0600         10.6       2400   10.6      7.1         7.0 12      10.6         0000         10.4       2400   10.5      7.2         7.0 13      10.5         1200         10.3       2400   10.4      7.1         7.0 14      10.3         0000         10.0       2400   10.1      7.1         7.0 15      10.1         2200          9.9       1700   10.0      7.1         7.0 16      10.1         0000          9.9       2400   10.0      7.1         7.0 17        9.9        1000          9.7       2400    9.8      7.1         7.0 18        9.8        2400          9.5       1400    9.7      7.1         7.0 19        9.8        0000          9.5       1800    9.7      7.1         7.0 20        9.7        0000          9.4       2100    9.5      7.2         7.0 21        9.7        1430          9.4       0400    9.5      7.2         7.0 22       . 9. 9      1200          9.5       0000    9.7      7.2         7.1 23        9.6        1130          9.4       2400    9.5      7.3         7.1 24        9.6        1200          9.3       2400     9.4     7.3         7.2 25        9.5        1530          9.0       0900     9.2     7.4         7.1 26        9.5        2100          9.3       0000     9.4     7.4         7.2 27        9.4        0000          9.0       1100     9.2     7.4         7.2 28        9.3        1930          9.0       1130     9.2     7.4         7.2 29        9.2        0000          8.8       2100     9.0     7.4         7.2 30        9.6        2400          8.8       0500     9.1      No Valid Data 31        9.7        2400          9.3       1130     9.5 gag     m        .

m m : . m m m ;, m

M M M M M M M TABLE 4.2-6 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 JUNE 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 No Valid Data No Valid Data 2 9.5 1630 9.1 1200 9.3 3 9.2 0200 8.9 1700 9.0 7.5 7.4 4 9.0 0000 8.4 2400 8.6 7.4 7.2 5 8.7 1700 8.4 2400 8.6 7.4 7.2 6 8.7 2200 8.2 0630 8.4 7.3 7.0 7 8.7 1000 8.4 2400 8.6 7.3 7.1 8 8.8 1970 8.3 0700 8.5 7.3 7.1 9 8.7 0700 8.4 2400 8.5 7.3 7.1 5 10 8.8 2100 8.4 0000 8.6 7.2 7.1 '8 11 9.0 1300 8.6 0130 8.8 7.5 7.2 12 9.4 2400 8.9 0500 9.1 7.5 7.2 13 9.8 1730 9.4 0300 9.6 7.7 7.3 14 9.6 0100 9.2 2330 9.4 7.8 7.6 15 9.6 0400 9.1 2030 9.4 7.8 7.5 16 9.9 2230 9.4 0200 9.6 7.7 7.4 17 9.8 0130 9.4 1700 9.6 7.6 7.4 18 9.5 0100 9.1 2400 9.3 7.5 7.4 19 9.1 0000 8.4 2030 8.8 No Valid Data 20 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 21 22 23 24 25 26 No Valid Data 7.5 7.2 27 8.2 1730 7.8 2400 8.0 7.5 7.3 28 7.8 0000 7.2 2400 7.a 7.4 7.2 29 7.7 0000 7.4 1400 7.5 7.3 7.2 30 7.7 2300 7.4 0830 7.5 7.3 7.2

J TABLE 4.2-7 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA ' VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 JULY 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) p)H Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 7.8 2330 7.3 1300 7.6 7.3 7.1 2 7.8 1930 7.3 1130 7.6 7.4 7.2 3 7.8 1730 7.2 1230 7.5 7.4 7.3 i' 4 7.6 0130 7.2 1130 7.4 7.3 7.2 5 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 6 l 7 ." . . . 8 i 9 7.9 1800 7.3 1300 7.6 7.4 7.1

   $ 10    7.4     1900         7.0        1030    7.2    7.3         7.2 i   i 11    7.6     1600         6.9        0900    7.2    7.3         7.1 12    7.3     2400         6.7        1830    7.1    7.2         7.0 13    7.5     1830         6.8        1230    7.2    7.3         7.1 14    7.0     2200         6.5        1300    6.8    7.2         6.9 l     15    6.9     2030         6.0        1030    6.4    7.3         7.0 16    7.0     1730         6.4        0800    6.7    7.3         7.1 17                  No Valid Data                    7.3         7.0 18                                                   7.2         6.9 19                                                   7.2         6.9 i     20                                                   7.2         7.0 21                                                   7.2         7.0 22    6.2     0000         5.6        1400    6.0    7.1         7.0 23    6.0     0000         5.3        2230    5.7    7.1         6.9 24    6.2     2000         5.4        1330    5.8    7.0         6.9 25    5.7     0000         5.1        1230    5.4    7.0         6.9 26    5.6     0830         4.9        2100    5.3    7.0         6.9 27    5.6     1730         4.9        0100    5.3    7.0         6.9 28    6.2     1430         5.2        0730    5.7    7.1         6.9 29    6.1     1300         5.7        2400    5.9  -

7.1 7.0 30 6.2 1830 5.6 1000 5.9 7.0 6.9 31 6.1 0000 5.9 1930 6.0 7.1 6.9 m M M

__ _ _ _ _ ~ M M M M M usiil2 TABLE 4.2-8 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 AUGUST 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 6.4 1700 5.9 1330 6.2 7.1 7.0 2 6.1 1900 5.6 1100 5.8 7.0 6.9 3 6.1 1300 5.5 1930 5.8 7.0 6.9 4 6.4 1700 5.8 0630 6.1 7.0 6.9 5 6.4 1530 5.8 0930 6.1 7.0 6.9 6 6.5 1700 5.9 0330 6.1 7.0 6.9 7 6.6 1830 6.1 1300 6.4 7.0 6.9 8 6.8 1830 6.3 1030 6.6 7.1 6.9 i 9 6.2 2030 5.6 0830 5.9 7.1 6.9 e 10 6.0 0200 5.5 2400 5.8 7.0 6.9

 '     11   6.1        1800          5.5       0000       5.8      7.0            6.9 12    6.0        2100          5.5       1030       5.8      7.1            7.0 13    6.4        2230          5.9       0230       6.1      7.0            7.0 14    6.6        1530          6.2       2400       6.4      7.0            6.9 15    6.2        0000          5.7       1430       5.9      7.0            6.9 16   6.3        2000          6.0       2030       6.2      7.0            6.9 17    6.3        0000          5.8       2300       6.1      7.0            6.9 18   6.7        1330          5.8       0200       6.4      7.0            6.9 19   7.0        2000          6.3       0130       6.7      7.1            6.9 20   7.1        2100          6.7       0900       6.9      7.1            7.0 21   7.6        1900          6.9       0330       7.2      7.2            7.0 22   7.9        2330          7.3       0630       7.6      7.2            7.1 23   7.8        0000          7.0       2400       7.4      7.2            7.1 24   7.1        1000          6.6       2230       6.8      7.1            7.0 25                Recorder Inoperative                   Recorder Inoperative 26 27 28 29 30 31

TABLE 4.2-9 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 SEPTEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 Monitor Inoperative Monitor Inoperative H N H H

3 4 5 6 7 8 & 9 6.6 0000 6.4 1800 6.5 7.1 7.0 o 10 7.0 1830 6.6 0030 6.8 7.2 7.0 11 7.0 1000 6.7 0530 6.8 7.1 7.0 12 7.3 1700 6.8 0300 7.0 7.1 7.0 13 7.5 1930 7.0 0330 7.2 7.1 7.0 14 7.6 0630 7.1 2300 7.4 7.1 7.0 15 7.7 1900 7.1 0030 7.4 7.2 7.0 16 7.9 2400 7.5 1100 7.7 7.2 7.1 17 8.1 2400 7.6 1200 7.8 7.2 7.1 18 8.2 1500 7.9 0630 8.0 7.2 7.1 19 8.5 2030 8.1 0000 8.3 7.3 7.1 20 8.5 0200 8.2 1800 8.3 7.4 7.2 21 8.5 2300 8.1 1600 8.3 7.3 7.2 22 No Valid Data 7.5 7.3 23 8.4 0000 8.2 1200 8.3 7.4 7.3 24 8.5 0300 8.2 2300 8.4 7.3 7.2 25 8.3 1930 8.1 0800 8.2 7.3 7.2 26 8.3 2130 7.9 0830 8.1 7.3- 7.2 27 Pump Inopeiative Pump Inoperative 28 29 " 30 M

M M M - M M TABLE 4.2-10 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 OCTOBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 Pump Inoperative Pump Inoperative 2 3 9.0 1900 8.7 0200 8.8 7.3 7.2 4 9.1 1900 8.7 0700 8.9 7.2 7.1 5 9.0 1700 8.6 2330 8.8 7.2 7.1 6 9.0 2230 8.6 1130 8.8 7.2 7.1 7 8.9 0000 8.5 1400 8.7 7.2 7.1 8 9.0 2200 8.7 1530 8.9 7.2 7.0 i 9 8.9 0000 8.5 1230 8.7 7.2 7.1 $I 10 8.7 0000 8.4 2400 8.5 7.2 7.1 11 Sensor Inoperative 7.2 7.1 12 7.2 7.1 13 7.2 7.1 14 7.2 7.1 15 9.2 1930 9.0 1530 9.1 7.2 7.1 16 9.4 2400 9.1 0000 9.2 7.1 7.0 17 No Valid Data 7.1 7.0 18 7.2 7.1 4 19 , 7.2 7.1 20 7.1 7.0 21 9.5 1200 9.3 2300 9.4 7.1 7.0 22 9.4 0000 9.2 2400 9.3 7.1 7.0 23 9.4 0130 9.2 1400 9.3 7.1 7.0 24 9.5 0100 9.3 1200 9.4 7.2 7.1 25 9.7 1030 9.5 2200 9.6 7.1 7.0 26 9.8 0200 9.5 2300 9.7 7.1 7.0 27 9.7 0100 9.5 1030 9.6 7.1 7.0 28 10.1 2030 9.8 0830 10.0 7.1 7.0 29 10.2 1900 9.9 0930 10.1 7.1 7.0 30 10.7 1900 10.2 0200 10.5 7.2 7.0 31 10.7 0200 10.5 2100 10.6 7.1 7.0

TABLE 4.2-11 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 NOVEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 10.7 0300 10.5 1800 10.6 7.1 7.0 2 10.7 0300 10.4 1300 10.5 7.0 6.9 3 11.2 2400 10.6 0000 10.9 7.1 6.9 4 11.3 1600 11.9 0430 11.2 7.2 7.1 5 11.2 0400 11.0 1230 11.1 7.1 7.0 6 11.2 0130 10.8 1800 11.0 7.1 7.0 7 11.4 li.30 10.9 0000 11.2 7.1 7.0 8 11.3 0000 11.0 1800 11.1 7.1 7.0 i 9 11.1 0000 10.9 0930 11.0 7.1 7.0

                                                $  10         11.4                  2030         10.9      0830     11.2     7.1        7.0 8  11        11.4                   2400         11.0      0400     11.2     7.2        7.1 12         11.8                  2300         11.3      0930     11.5     7.3        7.3 13         12.0                  2400         11.6      1200     11.8     7.3        7.2 14         12.0                  0600         11.7      1930     11.9     7.2        7.1 15         12.2                  2230         11.9      0230     12.0     7.2        */ .1 16         12.5                  2400         12.0      0130     12.2     7.2        7.1 17         12.6                  2230         12.3      1630     12.4     7.2        7.1 18          12.8                 1630         12.4      0300     12.6     7.3        7.2 19          12.6                 0230         12.4      1530     12.5     7.3        7.1 20          12.6                 2400         12.3      1100     12.5     7.1        7.0 21          13.0                 2100    -

12.5 1030 12.7 7.1 7.0 22 13.1 0500 12.9 1700 13.0 7.1 7.0 23 13.1 1200 12.9 2300 13.0 7.1 7.0 24 13.2 1300 12.7 2230 13.0 7.1 7.0 25 13.1 1030 12.8 0000 13.0 7.1 7.0 26 Sensor Inoperative 7.1 7.0 27 7.2 7.1 28 7.2 7.1 29 7.1 7.0 30 7.1 6.9 M M M M

M M M M M TABLE 4.2-12 DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND pH DATA VERMONT YANKEE SAMPLE STATION NO. 7 DECEMBER 1980 DISSOLVED OXYGEN (MG/L) pH Day Maximum Time Minimum Time Mean Maximum Minimum 1 Sensor Inoperative 7.1 6.9 2 7.1 7.0 3 7.1 7.0 4 7.2 7.0 5 13.2 2330 12.9 0130 13.1 7.2 7.1 6 13.2 0500 13.0 2300 13.1 7.2 7.1 7 13.2 0000 13.0 2330 13.1 7.2 7.0 8 13.0 0000 12.9 2400 13.0 7.1 7.0 1 9 13.1 0000 12.'9 2400 13.0 7.1 7.0 $ 10 13.0 0030 12.8 2400 12.9 7.2 7.1 8 11 12.9 0100 12.7 1400 12.8 7.2 7.1 12 13.2 2400 12.9 0130 13.1 7.2 7.1 13 13.3 1300 13.1 2130 13.2 7.2 7.1 14 13.4 1200 13.2 2230 13.3 7.2 7.1 15 13.4 1200 13.3 0800 13.3 7.2 7.1 16 13.6 1500 13.3 0100 13.4 7.2 7.1 17 13.5 0200 13.2 2030 13.4 7.1 7.0 18 13.6 2400 13.4 0000 13.5 7.2 7.1 19 13.6 0600 13.3 2400 13.5 7.2 7.0 20 13.3 0000 13.2 1200 13.2 7.1 7.0 21 13.3 0000 13.2 1330 13.3 7.1 7.0 22 13.4 1430 13.3 0600 13.4 7.1 7.0 23 13.5 1400 13.3 0000 13.4 7.1 7.0 24 Recorder Inoperative Recorder Inoperative 25 26 27 28 29 30 13.4 1430 13.3 2230 13.4 7.0 7.0 31 13.4 0400 13.2 1700 13.3 7.0 7.0 I

TABLE 4.3-1 CONDUCTIVITY AND TURBIDITY DATA JANUARY 1980 l ll l STATION NO. 3 STATION NO. 7 l Daily Average Daily Average Day Conductivity Turbidity Conductivity Turbidity 1 89 3 93 3 2 97 2 100 3 3 103 2 102 3 4 103 1 99 2 5 96 1 93 2 6 93 1 96 2 7 95 1 100 2 8 100 1 100 2 9 101 2 97 1 10 100 2 94 1 11 96 2 95 1 12 102 2 105 3 13 108 3 104 2 14 108 2 104 2 15 108 2 102 2 16 104 3 101 4 17 96 5 90 4 18 95 3 96 3 19 99 3 98 3 20 100 2 101 3 21 102 2 101 3 22 101 2 102 2 23 107 3 116 3 24 114 3 106 2 25 108 2 110 2 26 109 1 112 2 27 112 1 108 2 28 111 2 108 2 29 105 2 103 2 30 104 2 99 2 31 101 1 101 1 1 l

TABLE 4.3-2 CONDUCTIVITY 7,'ID TURBIDITY DATA FEBRUAf" 1980 STATION NO. 3 STATION NO. 7 Daily Average Daily Average Day Conductivity Turbidity Conductivity Turbidity 1 104 1 107 1 2 107 2 110 2 3 108 2 119 2 4 114 2 123 2 I 5 6 121 114 2 2 112 111 2 2 7 112 2 109 2 I 8 9 10 109 106 107 2 2 2 107 110 112 2 2 2 11 110 3 120 2 12 116 3 124 2 13 123 3 121 2 14 121 2 121 2 15 119 2 116 2 16 119 3 113 2 17 117 3 111 2 18 115 3 111 2 19 113 2 113 2 20 118 1 116 2 120 1 111 2 i 1 I 21 22 23 115 113 1 2 111 116 2 2

!     24     113               2              122              2 25     118               2              123              2 l      26     121               2              127              2 l      27     123               1              124              1 28     126               1              110              1 29     118-              1              107              1 i

B i

TABLE 4.4-1 VERMONT YANKEE ECOLOGICAL STUDIES CONNECTICUT RIVER, VERNON, VERMONT WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS SAMPLE LOCATION Monitor 3 Monitor 7 oisc[Erge Date 2/20/80 2/20/80 2/20/80 Dissolved Oxygen 12.80 13.40 11.70 Turbidity (Formazin Units) 1.0 0.92 1.1 pH (pH Units) ~7.29 7.28 7.29 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3 ) 35.9 34.4 36.9 Total Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 43.6 43.8 44.9 Calcium Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 36.2 36.2 37.5 Chloride 8.8 8.4 8.8 Sulfate 12.0 11.3 12.0

-Total Phosphate (as P)                      0.020   0.020      0.015 Total Solids                                  108       95         104 Suspended Solids                                 1       1           2 Chromium (Total)                           <0.002  <0.002    <0.002 Copper                                      <0.02   <0.02      <0.02 iron (Total)                                 0.14    0.16       0.14 Sodium                                         5.8    5.6          5.9 Zinc                                        <0.02   <0.02      <0.02 All Results in mg/l Unless otherwise Noted I

l

TABLE 4.4-2 VERMONT YANKEE ECOLOGICAL STUDIES CONNECTICUT RIVER, VERNON, VERMONT WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS I SAMPLE LOCATION Monitor 3 Monitor 7 oischarge I Date 5/15/80 5/15/80 5/15/80 Dissolved Oxygen 9.85 10.00 7.80 Turbidity (Formazin Units) 0.75 1.2 1.2 pH (pH Units) '7.55 7.45 7.80 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3 ) 26.8 25.2 27.2 I Total Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 37.9 37.0 40.8 Calcium Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 33.0 32.0 35.5 Chloride 4.3 4.7 4.5 l Sulfate 9.2 8.5 9.7 Total Phosphate (as P) 0.015 0.020 0.045 Total Solids 61 61 99 g Suspended Solids 5 8 37 Chromium (Total) ~0.002

                                          <        <0.002   <0.002 Copper                                 <0.02   <0.02     <0.02 f ron (Total)

I 3 odium 0.06 3.6 0.30 3.7 0.08 3.8 ( Zinc 0.02 0.04 0.03

 , ,,,n...,,,,.,,,,,...e,,,,....~...

TABLE 4.4-3 VERMONT YANKEE ECOLOGICAL STUDIES CONNECTICUT RIVER, VERNON, VERMONT WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS l I P SAMPLE LOC ATION Monitor 3 Monitor 7 oisc Or'ge Date 9/2/80 9/2/80 9/2/80 Dissolved Oxygen 7.80 6.75 6.90 Turbidity (Formazin Units) 1.2 1.2 2.4 pH (pH Units) 7.5e 7.46 8.03 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3 ) 35.0 35.0 48.9 Total Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 41.8 41.8 70.9 Calcium Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 35.2 35.2 59.4 l Chloride 7.0 6.3 12.1 Sulfate 10.2 10.0 21.4 Total Phosphate (as P) 0.030 0.020 0.020 Total Solids 59 60 117 Suspended Solids 3 3 5 Chromium (Total) 0.013 0.013 0.016 l Copper <0.02 <0.02 0.15 Iron (Total) 0.12 0.16 0.21 Sodium 5.8 5.8 9.4 Zinc <0.02 <0.02 0.05 l All Results in mg/l Unless otherwise Noted

TABLE 4.4-4 VERMONT YANKEE ECOLOGICAL STUDIES l CONNECTICUT RIVER, VERNON, VERMONT WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS I ' ' SAMPLE LOCATION Monitor 3 Monitor 7 Dischorge Date 12/15/80 12/15/80 Dissolved Oxygen 13.10 13.30 Turbidity (Formazin Units) 2.4 1.9 l pH (pH Units) 7.4 7.1 Alkalinity (as Ca CO3) 25.6 25.6 Total Hardness (as Co CO3 ) 34.9 34.4 Calcium Hardness (as Ca CO3 ) 29.2 28.7 Chloride 5.2 5.4 l Sulfate 10.3 10.9 Total Phosphate (as P) 0.020 0.015 , Total Solids 65 62 Suspended Solids . 7 4 Chromium (Total) ~<0.002 <0.002 Copper <0.02 <0.02 l Iron (Total) 0.20 0.20 Sodium 4.2 4.2 Zinc 0.02 0.02

     ,,,n........,,...e,.........

l .

5. PLANKTON STUDIES Plankton samples were collected once each month in 1980 at Station 3, downstream of Vermont Yankee and at Station 7, upstream of the plant (Figure 5.1). All samples were collected via the water qualicy pumping systems at those locations except the Sep-tember and December samples at Station 3. On the sample collec-tion dates in those months the water quality monitor pumps were inoperative, so the samples were collected by bucket frosi the Vermont shore of the river. Subsurface samples from the river at Vermont Yankee's condenser cooling water intake structure were collected also on the thirteen dates in 1980 on which entrainment studies were conducted.

Samples were collected with a No. 20 mesh Wisconsin plankton net and preserved in 5% formalin. Subsequently an aliquot of the I sample was examined in a Sedgewick-Rafter counting cell. Plankton were identified to the lowest feasible taxonomic level and were counted as their normally occurring unit, i.e., phytoplankters as cells, colonics, or filaments and zooplankters as individuals i or colonies. The results of these analyses are presented below. l l 5.1 Phytoplankton Studies A summary of the counting results of the analysis of the 1980 phytoplankton samples is given in Table 5.1. This table shows for each sample the dominant species observed, when one taxon was found in greater numbers than any other one, the concentration in units per liter of that dominant organism, and the total count in units per liter of all algae in the sample. The concentrations of phytoplankters found in the 1980 monitor samples are also shown graphically in Figures 5.2 and 5.3. To permit ready comparison of the 1980 monitor sample data with that

                                   -101-

7 , PLANKTON l SAMPLE STATION LOCATIONS g, O g O 1/2 1 I SCALE IN MILES t, l NEW H AM PS HIR E g VERMONT So I

                               %,.                           I,
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                                +        4                   l 3

I EIGURE 5.1

                          -102-

l TABLE 5.1 DOMINANT PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIF0 (Dominant Species Count / Total Count in U',1ts Per Liter) 1980 SAMnLU LOCATION kivor at I Date 1/3 Monitor 7 VY Intake Asterioncila formosa Monitor 3 (39/182) 1/16 Asterionella formosa (32/62) 1/21 Fragilaria Fragilaria capucina capucina (4/38) (8/36) 2/7 Asterionella formosa (9 / 80) Fragilaria 2/19 Melosira spp. italica (4/43) (8/55) 2/22 Astericaella formosa I 3/6 (55/111) Asterionella formosa (63/134) 3/19 Oscillatoria sp. Cymbella sp. (31/280) (20/249) 3/25 Asterionella formosa (21/231) 4/10 Oscillatoria sp. (135/974) 4/16 Ulothrix sp. Ulothrix sp. (8/81) (10/103) 4/24 Melosira italica (171/402) 5/6 Melosira italica (635/2190) 5/20 Asterionella Asterionella formosa fo rmosa (22/78) (31/95) 5/21 Asterionella forrosa (16t > /30 4 6) 6/5 Melosira italica (1202/2596) 6/17 Asterionella Melosira formosa italica (135/381) (139/333) 6/20 Melosira italica (636/1574) 7/9 Asterionella formosa (2820/8874) 7/14 Tabellaria Fragilaria fenestrata cro*.onensis (164/793) (171/679) 8/13 Pediastrum Melosira simplex italica (184/292) (67/162) 9/17 Melosira Melosira italica italica (33/85) (276/577) 10/15 Melostra t!elosira italica italica (200/495) (112/304) 11/19 .Mel o s ira Fragilaria italica crotonensis (12/70) (4/40) 12/30 Melosira None italica (6/71) (~! 4I

                                    -103-

SEASONAL PHYTOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION E STATION NO. 7 - MONITOR 50 40 - I 30 - N

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                                          -104-I

SEASONAL PHYTOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION STATION NO. 3 - MONITOR 50 l} ts l l

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                                                                      -105' E

of earlier years, Figures 5.2 and 5.3 also carry plots of the monthly mean phytoplankton counts observed in the years 1970-1974, excluding data collected in 1974 during Vermont Yankee's open cycle testing. Variability of algal concentrations about these means is indicated on the graphs by points which are two standard deviations greater than each monthly mean. Algal concentrations in all the Station 3 and 7 samples except those of January were less than the mean concentrations observed in the years 1970-1974. The January counts at both locations were just two algal units per liter above the 1970-1974 means. Phyto-plankton counts observed in all the late summer and early fall samples were small relative to mean concentrations observed for the corresponding months in 1970-1974. In earlier reports of this series (Aquatec 1975, 1976), a statistical analysis of the phytoplankton data collected prior to Vermont Yankee's operation and during closed cycle operation at the two monitor stations was presented. This analysis developed linear regression equations which predicted Monitor 3 counts from three ranges of observed Monitor 7 counts. All Monitor 7 counts observed in 1980, except the 793 found in July, lie within the low range, 0-772 units per liter, for which the regression equation has an intercept of 29.3, a regression coefficient of 0.802, and I a standard error of estimate of 193. A comparison of the phyto-plankton counts observed at Monitor 3 in 1980 with counts predicted I by this regression equation from counts observed at Monitor 7 is shown in Table 5.2. l The data of Table 5.2 are shown graphically in Figure 5.4, in which the regression equation is plotted as a solid line and the 95% confidence limits for Monitor 3 counts predicted by this equation are shown as dashed lines. These confidence limits were l calculated for minimum, mean, and maximum Monitor 7 counts used in l the regression analysis. Vermont Yankee was utilizing closed cycle cooling at tha time of collection of the May through September samples and was not operating when the October and November samples l

                                -107-l

TABLE 5.2 I COMPARISON OF OBSERVED MONITOR 3 PHYTOPLANKTON COUNT WITH MONITOR 3 COUNT PREDICTED BY REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF LOW RANGE PREOPERATIONAL/ CLOSED CYCLE MONITOR DATA, 1970-1974 Monitor 7 Count Monitor 3 Count Date Observed Observed-Predicted = Difference 1/21/80 38 36 60 -24 E 2/19/80 43 55 64 -9 m 3/19/80 280 249 254 -5 4/16/80 81 103 94 +9 5/20/80 78 95 92 +3 6/17/80 381 333 335 -2 8/1?/80 292 162 263 -101 9/17/80 85 577 97 +480 10/15/80 495 304 426 -122 11/19/80 70 40 85 -45 12/30/80 71 34 86 -52 were collected. The data for these dates are plotted in Figure 5.4 as filled circles; data of the other dates, when Vermont Yankee was operating in the open cycle cooling mode, are plotted as open circles. All points in Figure 5.4 except that of the 17 September sample fall wi'. hin the 95% confidence limits for a Monitor 3 count predicted from an observci upstream count at Monitor 7. The g September sample at Station 3 was collected by bucket from the E river's surface, because the monitor pump was inoperative on the sample date. Data reported in earlier volumes of this series have shown that algal concentrations near the surface at Station 3 are usually greater than in samples collected via the monitor pump from near the river bottom. The phytoplankton concentration observed at Monitor 7 in July fell within the middle range of counts used in the statistical analysis of preoperational and closed cycle data. The linear regression equation developed for this middle range, Monitor 7 counts of 772-7283, has an intercept of -483 and a regression

                              -108-

COMPARISON OF OBSERVED MONITOR 3 PHYTOPLANKTON COUNT WITH MONITOR 3 COUNT PREDICTED FROM Il PREOPERATIONAL / CLOSED CYCLE MONITOR DATA OF 1970-74

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                                                                                      /                 O-772 ORGANISMS / LITER l         10 0 -

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oO , l O 0 10 0 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 110 0 1200 X MONITOR 7 ORGANISMS PER LITER l R EGR E S SION EQUATION ( y 29.3 + .802 a ) 95% COhFIDENCE LIMITS FOR PRE D'C TED y VALUE S --------- VERMONT (ANKEE OPEN CYCLE ,1980 o VE3MONT YANKE E CLOSED CYCLE OR NOT OPERATING,1980 e FIGU R E 5.4

                                                                 -109-

I coefficient of 0.912. For the Monitor 7 count of 793 observed on 14 July, the Monitor 3 concentration calculated from this equation is 240; the observed concentration was 679. The difference between the predicted and observed concentrations is much less than the standard error of estimate (2443) for the regression equation. Thirty-four species of phytoplankton were identified in the samples collected at Stations 3 and 7 in 1980. Seventeen additional taxa were found in small numbers in the samples of river water collected at Vermont Yankee's intake structure during entrainment studies. A checklist of the phytoplankton identified in these samples is shown in Table 5.3. Following the name of each taxon in the list are three numbers in parenthesis. The first is the number of Station 3 samples in which the alga was observed; the second is the number of Station 7 samples in which it was found; the third is the number of entrainment sample dates on which the taxon was found in a river intake sample. The average number of identified species found in the twelve downstream Station 3 samples of 1980 was 7.7; in the upstream Station 7 samples, it was 7.3. The number per sample at Station 3 ranged from a minimum of two identified species, in February and December, to a maximum of 17 in the September sample. At Station 7, a minimum of three was observed in February and a maximum of 12 in July. In 1980, as in all prior years of Vermont Yankee phytoplankton ! studies, species of diatoms again predominated in most samples, j Diatoms constituted less than half the algae observed in only one ! Monitor 7 sample and in three of the Station 3 samples. More than fifty percent of the phytoplankters observed in all the entrainment intake samples were diatoms. A summary of the percentages of l l diatoms, flagellates, green, and blue-green algae found in the 1980 phytoplankton samples is given in Table 5.4. l I 1 I

                                -110-L

I TABLE 5.4 MEAN PERCENTAGES AND PERCENTAGE RANGES DIATOMS, FLAGELLATES, GREEN AND BLUE-GREEN ALGAE 1980 la s ; age a es Greens B Ne-Greens Sample Percentage Percentage Percentage Percentage Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean I Monitor 7 VY Intake 34-91 64-96 71 87 0-2.4 0-3.9 0.4 0.8 0-64 0-3.7 14 1.2 0-21 0-14 3.5 3.6 Monitor 3 40-93 71 0-6.9 1.1 0-30 7.2 0-45 7.1 The most commonly observed species of diatoms were, as in earlier years, Asterionella formosa, Fragilaria capucina and F_. crotonensis, Melosira italica and M. varians, and Tabellaria fenestrata. Also as in earlier studies, the most common flagellates were Dinobryon spp., the most frequently observed green algae were Pediastrum spp., and the most commonly encountered blue-green species were oscillatoria spp. Asterionella formosa and Melosira italica were found in all thirteen of the intake entrainment samples. I I I

I TABLE 5.3-1 CHECKLIST OF THE PHYTOPLANKTON OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER NEAR VERNON, VERMONT 1980 A listing by genus only that follows named species of the same genus represents species other than the preceding ones. The numbers in parenthesis after each listed taxon B are: (the number of Station 3 samples of 12 - the number 3 of Station 7 samples of 12/the number of entrainment intake sample sets of 13 in which the taxon was observed). BACILLARIOPHYCEAE Asterionella formosa (8-6/13) Cyclotella sp. (0-0/4) Cymbella sp. (1-0/0) Diatoma sp. (1-1/0) Gomphonema sp. (0-1/0) Fragilaria capucina (8-11/12) Fragilaria crotonensis (7-6/9) Fragilaria sp. (0-0/2) Melosira granulata (1-0/0) Melosira granulata var. angustissima (0-0/1) Melosira italica (10-11/13) E Melosira varians (6-4/9) m Melosira sp. (1-0/0) Nitzschia sp. (0-0/1) g Surirella sp. (1-0/6) E Synedra acus (0-0/5)

Synedra spp. (7-4/9)

Tabellaria fenestrata (7-9/10) CHRYSOPHYCEAE Dinobryon spp. (2-1/11) Synura sp. (0-0/3) Uroglenopsis americana (0-1/4) PYRRHOPHYCEAE Cer$ tium hirundinella (3-2/2) I I

                           -112-

I TABLE 5.3-2 CRYPTOPHYCEAE Cryptomonas sp. (0-0/2) CHLOROPHYCEAE Actinastrum sp. (1-0/0) Chlamydomonas sp. (0-0/1) Closterium sp. (1-2/4)

 . Eudorina sp. (0-0/1)

Mougeotia sp. (0-0/1) Oedogonium sp. (1-1/0) Paulschulzia sp. (0-0/1) Pediastrum baryanum (1-3/2) Pediastrum Huplex (2-1/3) Pediastrum Wimplex (7-6/11) Pediastrum simplex var. duodenarium (0-1/0) Scenedesmus quadricauda (0-0/1) Scenedesmus spp.(3-1/2) Schroederia sp. (0-1/1) Spirogyra sp. (2-2/5) Staurastrum sp. (0-1/0) Stigeocloniu:n sp. (1-2/3) I Tetraedron sp. (0-1/0) Ulothrix zonata (0-0/3) Ulothrix spp. (1-3/3) RHODOPHYCEAE Audouinella sp. (0-0/2) CYANOPHYCEAE Anabaena sp. (1-0/0) Aphanocapsa sp. (0-0/1) Calothrix (0-0/1) I Gomphosphaeria naegeliana (0-0/1) Merismopedia sp. (0-1/1) Microcystis a.aruginosa (1-0/0) Microcystis sp. (1-0/0) Oscillatoria app. (6-5/11) I I

                              -113-

5.2 Zooplankton Studies The results of the analysis of zooplankton samples in 1980 are summarized in Table 5.5 and in Figures 5.5 and 5.6. Table 5.5 shows the concentration, in units per liter, of zooplankters observed in each sample and the name and concentration of the predominant taxon in the sample, when one taxon was observed in greater concentration than any other. In the figures, total zoo-plankton counts observed in 1980 at the two monitor stations are plotted, along with monthly mean counts observed at these stations in the years 1970-1974, excluding times of open cycle testing. To show variability about the means, the figures also carry plots of the means plus twc standard deviations. Zooplankton concentrations observed in the latter half of 1980 were generally small relative to counts in those months in the years 1970-1974. But in February and April at Station 7 and in March at Station 3, zooplankton counts more than two standard deviations greater than the 1970-1974 means were observed. The concentration observed in June at Station 7 was also greater than the 1970-1974 mean, but was within two standard deviations of that mean. Statistical analysis of zooplankton data collected at the two monitor stations in the years 1970-1974, prior to Vermont Yankee's operation and during closed cycle operation, has provided a basis for comparison of zooplankton counts observed at Monitor 3, down-stream of Vermont Yankee, with counts predicted from the zooplankton concentrations observed at Monitor 7 upstream. This analysis, analogous to that used for phytoplankton, resulted in a linear regression equation relating Monitor 3 count, as dependent variable, to the observed Monitor 7 count. For Monitor 7 counts ranging from 0.5 to 418.5, the egaation has a regression coefficient of 0.918, , an intercept of 15.7, and a standard error of estimate of 83.8. A comparison of the zooplankton concentrations observed in 1980 at l Monitor 3 with thosa p_edicted by this equation is given in Table 5.6. I l

                                -114-l

I TABLE 5.5 DOMINANT ZOOPLANKTON TAXA (Dominant Taxon Count / Total Count in Units Per Liter) 1980 SAMPLE LOCATION Ri at Monitor 3 Date Monitor 7 g e 1/3 None (-/1. 5) 1/16 Campar.ella sp. (2.0/3.5) 1/21 Campanella sp. Campanella sp. (9.5/11.0) (3.5/6.0) 2/7 Campanella sp. (3.0/5.8) 2/19 Vorticella sp. Campanella sp. (35.0/70.5) (1.5/3.0) 2/22 None (-/2.8) V Synchaeta sp. (13.0/17.5) 3/19 Vorticella sp. Vorticella sp. (3.5/8.5) (10.5/17.0) 3/25 Campanella sp. (1.5/7.2) 4/10 Nematoda (9.5/13.5) I 4/16 4/24 Vorticella sp. (17.0/27.5) Notholca sp. (5.2/15.5) Philodina sp. (1.0/3.5) 5/6 Vorticella sp. ( 7. 7/13. 8) 5/20 Vorticella sp. Campanella sp. (3.5/5.0) (1.5/5.0) 5/21 Vorticella sp. (2.2/7.8) 6/5 Synchaeta sp. (77.2/116.5) 6/17 Synchaeta sp. Philodina sp. (13.0/36.5) (98.0/139.5) 6/20 Synchaeta sp. (49.8/83.2) 7/8 P30esoma sp. (118.2/231.5)

  '/14    Ploesoma sp.                             Ploesoma sp.

(7.0/12.5) (46.5/56.5) 8/13 Trichocerca sp. Polyarthra sp. I 9/17 (3.0/8.5) None (-/9. 0) (1.5/6.0) Copepoda Nauplii (2.0/13.0) 10/15 Keratella cochlearls Copepoda Nauplii (2.5/5.5) (2.0/4.5) 11/19 Vorticella sp. None (4.0/6.0) (-/2.0) 12/30 None Keratella (-/4 . 0) cochlearis (1.0/1.0)

                           .    -115-

SEASONAL ZOOPL ANKTON DISTRIBUTION STATION NO. 7 - MONITOR l t

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                                -116-

g SEASONAL ZOOPL ANKTON DISTRIBUTION STATION NO.3 - MONITOR 8 e i . I i i 1 i I I I I I$ tv I i I 7 - l 'g i I

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                                                 -117-

I TABLE 5.6 COMPARISON OF OBSERVED MONITOR 3 ZOOPLANKTON COUNT WITH MONITOR 3 COUNT PREDICTED BY REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF PREOPERATIONAL/ CLOSED CYCLE MONITOR DATA, 1970-1974 Monitor 7 Count Monitor 3 Count Date Observed Observed-Predicted = Difference 1/23/80 11.0 6.0 25.8 -19.8 2/19/80 70.5 3.0 80.4 -77.4 3/19/80 8.5 17.0 23.5 -6.5 4/16/80 27.5 3.5 40.9 -37.4 5/20/80 5.0 5.0 20.3 -15.3 6/17/80 36.5 139.5 49.2 +90.3 7/14/80 12.5 56.5 27.2 +29.3 8/13/80 8.5 6.0 23.5 -17.5 9/17/80 9.0 13.0 24.0 -11.0 10/15/80 5.5 4.5 20.7 -16.2 11/19/80 6.0 2.0 21.2 -19.2 12/30/80 4.0 1.0 19.4 -18.4 This comparison is shown graphically in Figure 5.7, in which the regression equation is shown as a solid line and 95% confidence limits are shown as dashed lines. Zooplankton data collected at the monitor stations during oper. cycle operation of Vermont Yankee, in January through April and in December, are plotted as open circles; data collected in other months are shown as filled circles. All plotted points fall within the 95% confidence limits. A checklist of the zooplankton observed in 1980 is given in Table 5.7 at the end of this section of the report. Organisms observed in entrainment samples collected from the river at Vermont Yankee's intake structure are included in the list. The three numbers in parenthesis following the name of each taxon in the list are: the number of Station 3 samples, of 12; the number of Station 7 samples, of 12; and the number of entrainment intake samples, of 13, in which the taxon was observed. Of the 49 taxa in the list, 13 were observed only in entrainment intake samples. I I l

                                -1.18 -

l COMPARISON OF OBSERVED MONITOR 3 ZOOPL ANKTON COUNT WITH MONITOR 3 COUNT PREDICTED FROM PREOPERATIONAL / CLOSED CYCLE MONITOR DATA OF 1970- 74 l 600-y

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e h .- . . 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 MONITOR 7 ORGANISMS PER LITER REGRESSION EQUATION ( y = 15.7 + .918 x ) 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS FOR PREDICTED y WLUES - - - - - - - - - - VERMONT YANKEE OPEN CYCLE 1980 o VERMONT YANKEE CLOSED CYCLE OR NOT OPERATING,1980 . FIGURE 5. 7

                                                                       -119-

I The average number of taxa observed in the twelve Station 7 samples was 7.2, in the Station 3 samples the mean was 6.7. The smallest number of taxa per Station 7 sample was 4 in January and November; the largest number there was 16 taxa in the June sample. At Station 3, only one organism, Keratella cochlearis was found in the December sample; a maximum of 14 taxa was observed in the September sample. Relatively large percentages of the organisms present in the samples of late fall and winter were protozoans, particularly Campanella sp. and Vorticella sp. More than half the organisms observed in the January through March and the November samples at Stations 3 and 7 were protozoa. They predominated also in the Station 7 samples of April and May. Adult copepods were found in all seasons of the year. Nauplii vere present in 81% of the samples collected in 1980 and were found in some samples all twelve months of the year. Rotifers were the dominant organisms in the warmer months of the year. They constituted at least 50% of the zooplankters found in 6 of the 13 entrainment samples, in 6 of the 12 Station 7 samples, and in 5 of the 12 Station 3 samples The more commonly observed rotifers were Keratella cochlearis and Philodina sp., which were found in at least half the samples collected at each location, Polyarthra sp., and Synchaeta sp. These four organisms were also the most prevalent rotifers in the zooplankton samples of the previous two years. A summary of the percentages of protozoa, copepoda, cladocera, and rotatoria observed in the 1980 zooplankton samples is given in Table 5.8. I

                             -120-

TABLE 5.8 MEAN PERCENTAGES AND PERCENTAGE RANGES PROTOZOA, COPEPODA, CLADOCERA, AND ROTATORIA 1980 Protozoa Copepoda Cladocera Rotatoria Sampi Location Pene W es Pe m Mages Pe ne W es Pe ne W es Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Monitor 7 0-100 46 0-18 6.9 0-12 3.8 0-78 41 VY Intake 0-58 23 0-33 12 0-12 2.5 15-92 53 Monitor 3 0-82 29 0-50 14 0-33 8.6 0-100 45 l 1 i I I

                               -121-i                                                     _. . _ _ _

T TABLE 5.7-1 CHECKLIST OF THE ZOOPLANKTON OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER NEAR VERNON, VERMONT 1980 Zooplankters are listed in the lowest taxonomic level to which identification was made. A listing by genus onlf that follows named species of the same genus represents species other than those previously listed. The numbers in parenthesis after each listed taxon are: (the number of Station 3 samples of 12 - the number of g Station 7 samples of 12/the number of entrainment intake g sample sets of 13 in which the taxon was observed). PROTOZOA Acineta sp. (1-1/0) Campanella sp. (6-6/11) E Carchesium sp. (0-2/1) 3 Vortice11a sp. (6-7/8) Zoothamnium sp. (1-1/l) NEMATODA Indet. (2-2/6) ROTATORIA Ascomorpha sp. (0-0/1) Asplanchna sp. (1-0/1) Brachionus quadridentata (0-0/1) Brachionus sp. (1-0/0) Cephalodella sp. (0-0/1) Conochiloides sp. (0-0/1) Conochilus un'icornis (0-0/5) Conochilus sp. (0-1/2) Euchlanis sp. (1-1/l) Filinia sp. (0-1/1) Gastropus sp. (0-0/1) l Kellicottia bostoniensis (2-3/5) Kellicottia longispina fl-3/6) l Keratella cochlearis (6-8/8) l Keratella quadrata (0-1/1) Keratella sp. (0-0/1)

                              -122-

TABLE 5.7-2 I ROTA.ORIA (cont'd) Notholca acuminata (1-0/0) Notholca striata (1-1/1) Notholca sp. (0-0/3) Philodina sp. (6-7/10) Ploesoma sp. (2-3/2) Polyarthra sp. (7-4/7) Synchaeta sp. (3-3/11) Trichocerca sp. (1-1/2) TARDIGRADA Indet. (1-0/6) ANNELIDA Aeolosoma sp. (3-2/1) ARTHROPODA Crustaceae Cladocera Alona guttata (0-1/0) Alona sp. (0-1/0) Bosmina coregoni (1-2/3) I Bosmina longirostris (2-0/0) Bosmina sp. (2-2/1) Ceriodaphnia acanthina (0-0/1) Chydorus sphaericus (2-1/0) Chydorus,sp. (0-0/5) Daphnia sp. (0-1/0) Diaphanosoma sp. (1-0/0) Leptodora sp. (1-1/1) Polyphemus sp. (0-0/1) Ostracoda I Indet. (0-0/1) Copepoda Cyclops sp. (0-1/0) Indet. Adults (4-3/8) I Indet. Nauplii (9-8/13) Insecta Diptera Chironomidae Indet. (0-0/2) I

                            -123-

6. ENTRAINMENT STUDIES 6.1 Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Entrainment Amendment No. 56 to Vermont Yankee's operating license, dated February 22, 1980, deleted its Appendix B Technical Specifications, which required Vermont Yankee to conduct entrainment studies twice a conth while the plant was operatina, in either open or closed cycle cooling modes. Vermont Yankee's commitment to entrainment studies was thus reduced to the once monthly requirement during opan cycle operation specified in its NPDES discharge permit.

However, Aquatec was not notified of this change until July 1980, so entrainment studies were conducted under the old schedule until July 8, 1980. On 13 dates in 1980, samples of Connecticut River water at Vermont Yankee's cooling water intake structure and of the plant's cooling water discharge to the river were taken to assess the impact on phytoplankton and zooplankton due to entrainment. Dupli-cate samples were collected at approximately two week intervals. I Entrainment studies were not conducted during closed cycle opera-tion after July 8, 1980. The plant resumed open cycle operation at low power levels the last four days of December. Entrainment samples were not collected in that period. I For each sample, 40 liters of water, collected by bucket, were poured through a No. 20 mesh plankton net. A portion of the fresh sample concentrate was examined within the hour to determine the identity and relative numbers of living and dead organisms. Zoo-plankters were tabulated as living if they were observed to move l or showed internal movement within one minute. Phytoplankters were listed as living if they had normal pigmentation and no signs of plasmolysis. The remaining portion of each sample was preserved with formalin for subsequent identification and enumeration of the ! organisms present.

                                  -125-L

The taxa of phytoplankton and zooplankton found in the entrain-ment intake samples are indicated in the two checklists, Tables 5.3 and 5.7, of the previous section of this report. In those lists, the third number in parenthesis after each taxon is the number of sample staes, of a total of 13, on~which the taxon was observed in an intake sample. In general, the same taxa were observed in dis-charge samples as were found in river intake samples. However, eight algal species were found in small numbers in 1980 discharge samples that were not observed in intake entrainment samples. These were Diatoma sp., Tabellaria flocculosa, Closterium, acutum, Oedogonium sp., Scenedesmus dimorphus, Staurastrum sp., Treubaria sp., and Lyngbya sp. Four zooplankton species - Euchlanis alata, Monostyla sp., Chydorus bicornutus, and Daphnia pulex - were observed in discharge samples, but not in the intake samples. The counting results of the analysis of the fresh and the prererved entrainment samples were summarized in Table 6.1. The data of Table 6.1 have been used to calculate the percent changes in live plankton concentrations between intake and discharge samples shown in Table 6.2 In all previous years of Vermont Yankee entrainment studies, greater plankton concentrations have been observed in some dis-cha ge samples than were present in the river samples collected at the intake structure. This is attributable to the sloughing off into the virculating cooling water of aufwuchs, algal growth attached to the walls of the cooling water system that supports a community of microinvertebrates. Greater concentrations of live organisms in discharge samples than in intake samples were observed for phy-toplankton on 6 and for zooplankton on 3 of the 13 sample dates. The impact of Vermont Yankee's entrainment of plankton on the river's concentration of live plankton is dependent upon the pro-portion of river flow, O g, which is utilized as condenser cooling water. Calculations of the percent changes in river plankton con-centrations due to entrainment on the 13 study dates of 1980 are

                              -126-

I shown in Table 6.3. These calculations assume uniform distribu-tion of river plankton at the intake structure and complete mixing of plant discharge into the r'.ver. During open cycle operation, plant discharge flow rate, O D' equals the rate of intake from the river, thus percent change of plankton concentration in the mixed river is the percent change through the plant, Table 6.2, multiplied by the ratio of O D to Q R* During closed cycle operation, some water withdrawn from the river is lost by evaporation in the cooling towers. The closed cycle calculations in Table 6.3 have assumed a concentration factor of 2 due to evaporation, which would reduce river flow by an amount equal to plant blowdown discharge, estimated conservatively at 15 cfs. Percent change in river plankton concentration is calculated, then, by multiplying percent change through the plant by the ratic of 15 cfs to (Q R-15 cfs). The largest calculated decrease in live phytoplankton concen-tration in the river was -8.8% in the samples of 6 May; that for live zooplankton concentration was -15% in the samples of 6 March. Percentage decreases in live plankton concentration on other open I cycle dates were much smaller and, as noted above, calculated increases occurred on 6 dates for phytoplankton and 3 for zooplank-ton. Calculated changes during closed cycle operation are very low I because such a small portion of total river flow is used then as It is because the entrainment impact of condenser cooling water. Vermont Yankee's closed cycle operation is so minimal that the requirement to conduct entrainment studies at such times has been deleted from their environmental monitoring requirements. I

                                 -127-

TABLE 6.1

SUMMARY

OF RESULTS VERMONT YANKEE ENTRAINMENT STUDIES 1980 Power Percent Living Organisms Number Organisms / Liter Level Condenser Sample Sample (Fresh Sampie) (Preserved Sample) Date (%) A (*F) location Temp.(*F) Phytoplankton Zooplankton Phytoplankton Zooplankton 1/3 99.6 27.5 Intake 32.5 72 70 182 1.5 Discharge 65.5 76 56 489 3.5 1/16 99.5 27.5 Intake 32.7 77 96 62 3.5 Discharge 62.6 74 73 100 4.2 2/7 99.S 26.5 Intake 32.9 85 94 180 5.8 Discharge 69.8 86 48 178 9.8 2/22 99.4 27.0 Intake 32.0 90 87 111 2.8 Discharge 65.7 96 53 1764 7.0 4

                                                    $                                                                                                  3/6   99.9  27.1       Intake        32.9           75           93         134          17.5 8

Discharge 63.5 93 58 127 9.0 3/25 99.6 27.1 Intake 35.1 58 75 231 7.2 Discharge 62.2 80 55 1051 7.0 4/10 99.6 26.9 Intake 41.0 66 93 974 13.5 Discharge 67.1 53 94 12613 24.0 4/24 99.5 21.5 Intake 47.3 88 76 402 15.5 Discharge 67.6 71 78 275 4.2 5/6 99.5 21.4 Intake 53.9 90 94 2190 13.8 Discharge 75.3 90 88 435 7.8 5/21 99.9 21.9 Intake 57.7 89 92 3046 7.8 Discharge 73.0 32 4 195 4.5 6/5 99.7 22.0 Intake 66.0 97 99 2596 116.5 Discharge 70.3 19 7 291 17.5 6/20 91.4 20.2 Intake 68.2 90 95 1574 83.2 Discharge 71.2 16 2 253 22.8 7/8 99.6 21.5 Intake 74.5 94 87 8874 231.5 Discharge 75.2 13 2 12309 197.8 m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m

M M M M M M TABLE 6.2 PERCENT CHANGES IN LIVE PLANKTON CONCENTRATIONS BETWEEN ENTRAINMENT INTAKE AND DISCHARGE SAMPLES Living Organisms Per Liter % Change Date Parameter Discharge - Intake = Difference thru Plant 1/3/80 Phytoplankton 372 1 31 +241 +180 Zooplankton 1.96 1.05 +0.91 +87 1/16/80 Phytoplankton 74 48 +26 +54 Zooplankton 3.1 3.4 -0.3 -8.8 2/7/80 Phytoplankton 153 153 0 0 Zooplankton 4.7 5.4 -0.7 -13 2/22/80 Phytoplankton 1693 100 +1593 +1600 Zooplankton 3.7 2.4 +1.3 +54 4 3/6/80 Phytoplankton 118 100 +18 +18 y Zooplankton 5.2 16.3 -11.1 -68 3/25/80 Phytoplankton 841 134 +707 +530 200 plankton 3.8 5.4 -1.6 -30 4/10/80 Phytoplankton 6685 643 +6042 +940 Zooplankton 22.6 12.6 +10.0 +79 4/24/80 Phytoplankton 195 354 -159 -45 Zooplankton 3.3 11.8 -8.5 -72 5/6/80 Phytoplankton 392 1971 -1579 -80 Zooplankton 6.9 13.0 -6.1 -47 5/21/80 Phytoplankton 62 2711 -2649 -98 Zooplankton 0.2 7.2 -7.0 -97 6/5/80 Phytoplankton 55 2518 -2463 -98 Zooplankton 1.2 115.3 -114.1 -99 6/20/80 Phytoplankton 40 1417 -1377 -97 Zooplankton 0.5 79.0 -78.5 -99 7/8/80 Phytoplankton 1600 8342 -6742 -81 Zooplankton 4.0 201.4 -197.4 -98

TABLE 6.3 CALCULATED PERCENT CHANGES IN LIVE PLANKTON CONCENTRATIONS OF RIVER EFFECTED BY ENTRAINMENT Plant River Percent Change in Live Plankton Cooling Percent Discharge Flow Concentrations in Mixed River Date Cycle Recirculation QD (cfs) OR (cfs) Phytoplankton Zooplankton 1/3/80 Open 19 468 6290 +13 +6.5 1/16/80 Open 18 499 7960 +3.4 -0.55 2/7/80 Open 22 472 7600 0 -0.81 2/22/80 Open 21 465 2750 +270 +9.1 E 3/6/80 Open 17 493 2240 +4.0 -15 f 3/25/80 4/10/80 Open Open 0 0 590 594 17570 35960

                                                                                         +180
                                                                                        +16.0
                                                                                                           -1.0
                                                                                                           +1.3 4/24/80       Open                0            742          12880               -2.6              -4.1 5/6/80        Open                0            746           6750               -8.8              -5.2 i         5/21/80       Closed             98*            15*         10790              -0.14             -0.14 6/5/80        Closed             98*            15*         10610              -0.14             -0.14 6/20/80       Closed             98*            15*          7790              -0.19             -0.19 7/8/80        Closed             98*            15*          3910              -0.31             -0.38

Estimated l

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

I 6.2 Ichthyoplankton Entrainment Previous studies, in the years 1977-1979, of the entrainment of larval fishes in Vermont Yankee's cooling water have been con-ducted in tne months March, April, and May. No ichthyoplankters were collected in those three years during March or April, so the 1980 study was limited to the 15 days of open cycle operation in May. Once each day a sample was collected with a 0.5 meter diameter plankton not with a T.S.K. flowmeter positioned in the net's mouth. The net was mounted in an aluminum frame and lowered by ropes to collect intake bay samples. The results of the 1980 studies are summarized in Table 6.4, in which the data have been reduced to the number of larvae entrained per hour. The table also shows, as a measure of the impact on river larval populations, the percentage of river flow being utilized as cooling water at the time of sampling. Ichthyoplankters were first observed in the sample of 5 May, when a single larva was collected, and river temperature was 51.8"F. In all four years of study the first collection of ichthyoplankton has been observed at river temperatures of about Sl'F. First observation in 1977 was on 2 May at a temperature of 51.2'F; in 1978 on 15 May at 50.8*F; and in 1979 on 5 May at a temperature of 51.2'F. Rates of entrainment of ichthyoplankton observed in 1980 were comparable to those found in the previous three years. Few larvae were collected and relatively small proportions of river flow were being used for cooling water. In late May, river flows usually decrease and river concentra-tions of larval fish increase. But Vermont Yankee's reversion to closed cycle cooling mode on May 15 serves to minimize the plant's impact on ichthyoplankton. I

                                -131-

TABLE 6.4 VERMONT YANKEE ICHTHYOPLANKTON ENTRAINMENT STUDIES River Temperature Number Sample VY Intake Rate of River Intake Flow 1980 Station 7 of Larvae Volume Larvag Flow Rate Entrainment Flow Rate as % of Date Time (*F) Collected (m3) per m (cfs) Larvae / Hour (cfs) River Flow 5/1 1545 46.3 0 34.5 0 748 0 16,400 4.6 5/2 1400 47.5 0 44.8 0 754 0 11,500 6.6 5/3 1105 49.3 0 52.3 0 745 0 13,200 5.6 5/4 1618 51.4 0 38.3 0 757 0 13,400 5.6 i 5/5 1020 51.8 1 40.2 0.025 750 1.9 x 10 3 4,400 17.0 h' 5/6 1100 53.8 0 50.9 0 746 0 6,700 11.1 5/7 1407 55.3 0 37.0 0 750 0 10,700 7.0 3 5/8 1055 53.5 4 61.1 0.065 758 5.1 x 10 16,100 4.7 5/9 1805 52.8 0 47.3 0 762 0 17,600 4.3 3 5/10 1210 52.1 1 51.1 0.020 757 1.5 x 10 16,500 4.6 3 5/11 0903 51.5 6 42.1 0.14 764 11 x 10 15,000 5.1 3 5/12 1134 51.3 4 55.4 0.072 756 5.6 x 10 11,500 6.6 5/13 0935 52.6 4 49.3 0.081 769 6.4 x 10 3 12,200 6.3 3 5/14 0845 52.9 8 50.2 0.16 736 12 x 10 12,000 6.1 5/15 1019 53.4 0 5.4 0 346 0 8.800 3.9

I I 7. BENTHIC FAUNA STUDIES Samples of Connecticut River benthic fauna were collected in 1980 at the four Vermont Yankee sample station locations shown in Figure 7.1 Samples were collected monthly, from May through November, with a 9" Ekman dredge from each of the four stations. Each sample consisted of organisms collected in 30 dredge hauls, 10 from each river quarter point. Henson traps, wire cages filled with 2 to 3 inch diameter rocks, were set at each location in May, July, and September and left in place for 8 to 10 weeks before retrieval. The traps set at Station 2 in May and June were lost I or vandalized before the retrieval date. The material collected by either sample method was washed through a set of standard sieves and organisms retained by a No. ,p 25 mesh sieve were preserved in 70% alcohol for subsequent analy-El sis. Identification was made to the lowest practicable taxonomic level, usually to genus. Ninety-six taxa of bottom fauna were identified in the 1980 samples. A checklist of these macroinvertebrates, Table 7.1, appears at the end of this section of the report. The number of samples in which a listed taxon was found is shown in the table for each sampling technique at each sample station. Of the total of 86 genera observed in the 1980 samples, 72 genera were found in the 28 Ekman dredge samples and 40 were found in the 10 samples collected by Henson trap. Twenty-six genera were found in samples collected by both methods, 14 were found only in Henson trap samples, and 46 vere observed only in Ekman dredge collections.

                                   -133-

I I

\'?

eENTHIC FAUNA I

i SAMPLE STATION LOCATIONS l 8 o I g - o , SCALE IN MILES a I' "Sq g i/ ' vermont Yankee 8[ NEW HAMPSHIRE VERMONT I I l I

                                               .\_                                     I M A S S ACHUSETTS I

l FIGURE 7.1 I

                    -134-

I The number of samples collected by Ekman ' dredge in 1980 was I comparable to the numbers c.ollected at Station.S 2 through 5 in the years 1969 and 1977-1979. A comparison of the number of genera collected by Ekman dredge in these years with the results of the 1980 collections is shown in Table 7.2. TABLE 7.2 COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF SAMPLES AND NUMBER OF GENERA OF BENTHOS COLLECTED BY EKMAN DREDGE Station Number of Samples / Number of Genera Number 1969 1977 1978 1979 1980 2 6/33 8/20 8/22 7/27 7/36 3 6/24 8/25 8/13 7/26 7/39 4 7/16 8/19 8/17 7/26 7/30 5 8/18 8/20 6/14 7/28 7/25 The numbers of genera found in samples from Stations 2, 3, and 4 were greater than in earlier years; the number at Station 5 was greater than in all prior years except 1979. More dradge hauls were used in the collection of the 1979 and 1980 samplec (30 hauls / sample for all collections except May 1979) than in the previous years. That this increased effort disclosed greater numbers of genera indicates that Vermont Yankee's operation has not adversely affected the river's benthos diversity. Another measure of diversity is shown in Table 7.3, a summary of the results of the ana:ysis of the 1980 benthic fauna samples. The summary shows for each sample the number of organisms and taxa observed and lists the predominant type of benthos in the sample and the percentage of that form in the sample. A diversity index is also tabulated for each sample. The index was calculated with the following equation: d=h(N1og10 -

                                        "i 1 910 "i' I
                                 -135-

where C is a constant which converts logarithms from base 10 to base 2; N is the number of organisms; and n i is the number of / organisms in the ith taxon. In general, diversity indices are larger for samples collected by Ekman dredge than for the Henson trap samples. In all the Ekman dredge sample sets, except that collected in October, the diversity index at one or more of the c. ample stations (2, 3, or 4) which might have been affected by Vermont Yankee's discharge was greater than at Station 5, upstream of Vermont Yankee. This was the case also for the July and September Henson trap collections. The number of taxa and the number of organisms per sample were also usually greater at one of the downstream locations than at upstream Station 5. As has been found in earlier years, caddis fly and chironomid larvae were the predominant organisms in most of the spring and summer samples. Fall samples showed a greater variety of dominant forms - fingernail clams, planarians, oligochaetes. Chironomids I and caddis flies were again dominant in the November Henson trap samples. The very low Station 2 and 3 diversity indices in that sample set were attributable to large percentage.3 of a single chironomid species, Tanytarsus sp., which accounted for 90% of the Station 2 sample and 94% of the Station 3 sample. Large percentages of the chironomid, Glyptotendipes sp., in all three Henson trap samples of July and the Station 5 sample of September are evidenced in the relatively low diversity indices of those samples. I

                                -137-

TABLE 7.3-1

SUMMARY

OF RESULTS OF ANALYSIS BENTHIC FAUNA SAMPLES 1900 Sample Method Number of Number Diversity Predominant Form (s) HT (# Days) Sample Benthic of Index % of Date ED (# Hauls) Station Organisms Taxa 3 Name(s) Total 5/22 ED (30 haula) 2 21 11 2.70 Caddis flies 57 ED (30 hauls) 3 35 10 2.59 Caddis flies 89 5/21 ED (30 hauls) 4 69 18 3.53 Chironomids 59 ED (30 hauls) 5 31 14 3.43 Chironomids 48 6/19 ED (30 hauls) 2 56 15 3.47 Caddis flies 32 - ED (30 hauls) 3 68 21 3.82 Caddis flies 57 4 6/20 ED (30 hauls) 4 51 16 3.64 Fingernail clams 33 g ED (30 hauls) 5 52 16 3.52 Tubificids 29 1 7/22 ED (30 hauls) 2 102 17 2.96 Fingernail clams 34 ED (30 hauls) 3 307 13 2.17 Chironomids 51 7/23 ED (30 hauls) 4 166 18 3.32 Chironomids 54 7/24 ED (30 hauls) 5 134 16 2.67 Chironomids 68 7/22 HT (60 days) 3 174 10 1.80 Chironomids 61 7/25 HT (62 days) 4 1331 13 0.60 Chironomids 92 HT (62 days) 5 200 6 0.71 Chironomids 90 1 1 8/15 ED (30 hauls) 2 88 26 3.92 Oligochaetes 31 l ED (30 hauls) 3 202 17 2.43 Caddis flies 47 l ED (30 hauls) 4 84 18 3.32 Chironomids 38 8/14 ED (30 hauls) 5 106 18 3.30 Chironomids 44 t l M M M

. - -- _. . - ._ .. - .- . . - _ = M M M M M M M TABLE 7.3-2

SUMMARY

OF RESULTS OF ANALYSIS BENTHIC FAUNA SAMPLES 1980 Sample Method Number of Number Diversity Predominant Form (s) HT (# Days) Sample Benthic of Index % of Date ED (# Hauls) Station Organisms Taxa d Name(s' Total 9/16 ED (30 hauls) 2 129 17 2.94 Oligochaet s 29 9/19 ED (30 hauls) 3 29 12 3.28 Chironomids 31 9/18 ED (30 hauls) 4 50 12 2.98 Fingernail clams 46 ED (30 hauls) 5 39 11 2.76 Fingernail clams 51 9/19 HT (59 days) 3 177 9 1.77 Cladocerans 58

 , 9/18  HT (55 days)       4           101          13          2.56      Planarians                   44

[ HT (55 days) 5 1394 8 1.62 Chironomids 56 10/28 ED (30 hauls) 2 7 3 1.45 Fingernail clams 57 ED (30 hauls) 3 162 13 2.25 Planarians 41 ED (30 hauls) 4 20 8 2.68 Oligochaetes 45 ED (30 hauls) 5 20 9 2.81 Chironomids 40 11/20 ED (30 hauls) 2 25 4 1.24 Fingernail clams 72 ED (30 hauls) 3 21 6 1.66 Fingernail clams 67 11/19 ED (30 hauls) 4 28 12 3.20 Oligochaetes 46 ED (30 hauls) 5 32 9 2.83 Chironomids 34 11/20 HT (65 days) 2 110 6 0.66 Chironomids 90 HT (62 days) 3 1595 11 0.44 Chironomids 90 11/19 HT (62 days) 4 148 12 2.04 Caddis flies 60 HT (62 days) 5 75 13 2.40 Planarians 51

TABLE 7.1-1 CHECKLIST OF THE BENTHIC FAUNA 0F THE CONNECTICUT RIVER NEAR VERNON, VERMONT 1980 l i l Number of samples in which a taxon was observed at each sample location in collections made by Henson trap and Ekman dredge Sample Station Number Collection Method (No. Samples Collected) 2 3 4 5 HT(1)~lD(7) HT(3) lD(7) HT(3)~lD(7) HT(3) lD(7) P0RIFERA (Sponges)'

                                     ,                                 Demospongia g                                       Indet. Spongillidae                                                                                                                    0     2      0     1       0    0     0     0 COELENTERATA (Hydroids, Jellyfish)

Hydrozoa Indet. polyp 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 0 PLATYHELMINTHES Turbellaria (Flatworms) Dugesia tigrina 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 Dugesia sp. 1 5 2 6 3 1 2 0 BRY0Z0A (Moss Animacules) Gymnolaemata Paludicella articulata 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Phylactolaemata Fredericella sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Pectinatella magnifica 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 Pectinatella sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Plumatella sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 m M M M m M

M M M M M M M M ' . M TABLE 7.1-2 Sample Station Number Collection Method (No. Samples Collected) 2 3 4 5 HT(1)~ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) HT(3) ED(7) ANNELIDA Oligochaeta (Aquatic Earthworms) Aeolosoma sp. 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Branchiura sowerbyi 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 6 Limnodrilus sp. 0 0 0 0 2 7 0 6 Lumbriculus sp. 0 5 0 1 0 5 0 1 Pristina sp. 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stylaria fossularis 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 Tubifex tubifex 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 Hirudinea (Leeches) Glossiphonia complanata 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Helobdella fusca 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Helobdella sp. 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 2 ARTHROPODA Crustacea Cladocera (Water Fleas) Daphnia pulex 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Daphnia sp. 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 Moina recterostris 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Indet. 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Isopoda (Aquatic Sow Bugs) Asellus intermedius 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Asellus militaris 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Asellus sp. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Amphipoda (Scuds) Crangonyx sp. 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Hyalella azteca 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 Synurella sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

TABLE 7.1-3 Sample Station Number Collection Method (No. Samples Collected) 2 3 4 5 HT(1) ED(7) HT(3) ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) ARTHROPODA (cont'd) Crustacea Decapoda (Crayfishes) Orconectes limosus 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Orconectes obscurus 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 Arachnoidea Indet. Hydracarina (Water Mites) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Insecta Plecoptera (Stoneflies) Indet. 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

          ,                        Ephemeroptera (Mayflies)

H Caenis sp. 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

          $                          Ephemerella sp.                                                                                   0     1       0      1      0    0     0     0
          '                          Ephoron sp.                                                                                       0     0       0      0      0    1     0     0 Heptagenia sp.                                                                                    0     1       0      1      0    0     0     0 Hexagenia sp.                                                                                     0     0       0      0      0    5     0     6 Isonychia sp.                                                                                    0     0       0      1      0    0     0     0 Rhithrogena sp.                                                                                   0     0       0      1      0    0     0     0 Stenonema sp.                                                                                     0     1       0      1      0    0     0     0 Tricorythodes sp.                                                                                 0     1       0      0      0    0     0     0 Odonata (Dragonflies, Damselflies)

Anomalagrion sp. 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Dromogomphus sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Enallagma sp. 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 Epicordulia sp. 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 Gomphus sp. 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Ischnura sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Lestes sp. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Macromia sp. 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 Neurocordulia sp. 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 Ophiogomphus sp. 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 Tetragoneuria sp. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 M M M M M M M M M M M

M M M M M M M M M M M M TABLE 7.1-4 Sample Station Number Collection Method (No. Samples Collected) 2 3 4 5 HT(l)~ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) HT(3) ED(7) HT(3)~ED(7) ARTHROP0DA (cont'd) Insecta Megaloptera (Alderflies, Dobsonflies, Fishflies) Sialis sp. 0 1 0 0 2 2 0 1 Neuroptera (Spongilla Flies) Sisyra vicaria 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Trichoptera (Caddis Flies) Athripsodes sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Cheumatopsyche sp. 0 6 2 6 0 0 0 0 Cheumatopsyche sp. (pupa) 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Chimarra sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 w Hydropsyche sp. 0 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Leptocella sp. 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 8 Kacrcr. anum sp. 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 Neureclipsis sp. 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 Decetis sp. 0 1 0 0 3 4 0 2 Thylocentropus sp. 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Polycentropus sp. 0 4 0 1 1 0 2 0 Coleoptera (Beetles) Indet. larva 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Diptera (Flies, Mosquitoes, Midges) Ceratopogonidae (Biting Midges) Palpomyia tibialis 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 Chironomidae (Midges) Chironomus sp. 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 5 Corynoneura sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Cricotoius'sp. s 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cryptoclironomus sp, 0 1 0 0 2 6 0 7 Diamesa sp. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Endochironomus sp. 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 l

TABLE 7.1-5 Sample Station Number Cc11ection Method (No. Samples Collected) 2 3 4 5 HT(1) UD(7) HT(3) lD(7) HT(3) ED(7) HT(3) tD(7) ARTHROPODA (cont'd) Insecta Diptera (Flies, Mosquitoes, Midges) Chironomidae (Midges) Eukiefferiella sp. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Glyptotendipes senilis 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 0 Glyptotendipes sp. 0 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 Orthocladius sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Parachironomus sp. 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 Paracladopelma sp. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

   ,          Pentaneura sp.                                0     1       0    0        1    0      1     3 H          Phaenopsectra sp.                             0     0       0    0        0    1      0     0 I          Polypedilum sp.                               0     1       1     1       0    4      0     1
   '          Procladius sp.                                0     1       0     0       2    2      0     2 Psectrc2Tadius sp.                            0     0       0    0        0    0      1     0 Stictochironomus sp.                          0     0       0    0        0    1      0     0 Tanytarsus sp.                                1     0       1     2       0    1      2     0 Tribelos sp.                                  0     0       0    0        0    2      1     2 Trichocladius sp.                              0     0       0    0        0    4      0     3 Culicidae (Mosquitoes, Phantom Midges)

Chaoborus sp. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 MOLLUSCA Gastropoda (Snails, Limpets) Amnicola'sp. 1 4 3 4 0 0 0 0 Gyraulus sp. 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Helisoma sp. 0 5 2 3 0 0 0 0 Physa sp. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Pelecypoda (Clams, Mussels) Ptsidium sp. 0 3 0 2 0 5 0 6 Sphaerium sp. 0 7 0 5 0 6 0 6 Indet. 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 3 m M M M M M M M M M M M M

I I 8. FISH STUDIES 8.1 Fish Impingement Studies During all five phases of the special open cycle testing I conducted in the years 1974-1978, fish impinged on Vermont Yankee's traveling screens at the intake structure were collected each day and identified, counted, weighed, and measured. The results of these studies, summarized in the Phase V report (Aquatec 1979b), provided the basis for the schedule of impingement studies, set forth in Vermont Yankee's current NPDES permit, to be conducted during open cycle operation. However, the Appendix B Technical Specifications to Vermont Yankee's operating license, which required that all impinged fish be collected, was not amended I until February 1980. This amendment (No. 56) deleted the require-ment that impingement studies, other than by the NPDES schedule, be done. However, Aquatec was not aware of this change until mid-summer, so all fish impinged during open cycle operation through May 1980 were collected. A summary of the weight extremes and the extremes in total length of the fish species impinged during open cycle operation in January-May 1980 is given in Table 8.1. In Table 8.2, the numbers and total weight in grams of 'sach impinged species are shown for each of these months. The fish species are listed in order of the decreasing number of the species collected. The table also shows, for each month and for the period January-May, the mean number and mean weight of fish impinged per day of open cycle operation in 1980. At the bottom of the table are listed the daily means and standard deviations, for both I number and weight of fish impinged, that were observed for those months in the five phase open cycle test program.

                                              -145-

1 I TABLE 8.1

SUMMARY

OF WEIGHT AND TOTAL ~ LENGTH EXTREMES OF FISH SPECIES IMPINGED DURING CPEN CYCLE OPERATION E 1980 E Total I Species Weight (g) Length (mm) Salmo trutta Linnaeus Brown Trout 3.9 68 Osmerus mordax (Mitchill) 3 Rainbow Smelt ,, 6.7-38 113-195 5 Catostomus commersoni (Lacepede) White Sucker 1.9-58 61-173 Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) Golden Shiner 0.8-97 52-204 Notropis cornutus (Mitchill) Conmon Shiner 3.5 81 Notropis hudsonius (Clinton) Spottail Shiner 0.3-16 42-127 Hybognathus nuchalis Agassiz Silvery Minnow 1.2-16 58-115 Ictalurus nebulosus (LeSueur) Brown Bullhead 5.4-39 80-154 IctalutJs nata'lis (LeSueur)

    .ellow Bullhead                               5.4                  80 Fundulus diaphanus (LeSueur)

Banded Killifish 1.4-6.0 58-82 E Morone americana (Gmelin) E White Perch 2.5-419 60-287 Perca flavescens (Mitchill) E Yellow Perch 5.6-340 83-280 E F'.heostoma olmstedi Storer Tessellated Darter 1.2-4.2 51-76 Micropterus dolomieui Lacep'ede Smallmouth Bass ,s 2.4-322 57-295 Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede) Largemouth Bass 5.6-213 78-250 B Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus) E Pumpkinseed 1.3-60 51-143 Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque Bluegill 1.3-228 51-215 Juvenile Lepomis 0.3-2.7 33-50 Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque) Rock Bass 0.5-44 30-125 Cottus cognatus Richardson Slimy Sculpin 2.3 59 I I

                                     -146-I

M M M M ' M M M M M M - M M TABLE 8.2

SUMMARY

BY MONTH OF NUMBER AND WEIGHT OF FISH SPECIES IMPINGED DURING OPEN CYCLE OPERATION 1980 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY TOTALS Species No.-Wgt.(g) No.-Wgt.(g) No.-Wgt.(g) No.-Wgt.(g) No.-Wgt.(g) No.-Wgt.(g) Spottail Shiner 16-44.6 9-33.3 1271-4156.1 725-2547.0 88-271.1 2109-7052.1 Juvenile Lepomis 4-8.3 5-7.7 330-488.2 47-84.8 386-589.0 Rock Bass 1-24.0 1-4.2 20-135.5 145-460.1 123-232.9 290-856.7 Pumpkinseed 4-43.0 6-188.8 29-424.0 183-711.9 21-101.5 243-1469.2 White Perch 7- 711.7 5-778.6 73-1472.5 49-1714.2 13-165.2 147-4842.2 Silvery Minnow 17-64.4 68-317.5 2-14.9 87-396.8 Yellow Perch 1-12.5 1-9.0 14-413.5 60-1892.5 7-265.1 83-2592.6 i Smallmouth Bass 3-41.8 3-45.8 12-70.2 33-278.3 25-891.0 76-1327.1

 % Golden Shiner                                                    2-169.0     57-402.5     7-107.5    66-679.0 y Bluegill                     1-3.0                               3-7.0       15-451.8     1-52.0     20-513.8 Tessellated Darter                                               4-9.6        5-10.8      4-11.5     1 3-31 .9 Brown Bullhead                                                               10-191.9     1-13.0     11-204.9 Rainbow Smelt                                                                 7-151.8     3-78.7     10-230.5 White Sucker                                                     1-1.9        6-78.9                  7-80.8 Banded Killifish                                 1-1.8                        4-14.1      2- 5.1      7-21.0 Largemouth Bass              1-26.0                                           3-228.4     1-16.0      5-270.4 Yellow Bullhead                                                               1-5.4                   1-5.4 Brown Trout                                                                               1-3.9       l-3.9 Common Shiner                                                                 1-3.5                   1-3.6 Slimv Sculoin                                                                             1-2.3       1-2.3 TDTALS                      38-914.9            26-1061.5    1451-6931.4   1702-9948.8  347-2316.5 3564-21173.1 No. Days of Open Cycle Operation                 31                  26             31           30           15         133 Daily Means                 1.2-29.5            1.0-40.8       46.8-223.6   56.7-331.6  23.1-154.4  26.8-159.2 Daily Means(Phases I-V)     1.0-66.3            1.2-15.3       23.6-248.0   71.9-692.3   8.9-113.5  23.8-250.3 Stnd. Dev. (Phases I-V)     1.6-432.9           1.9-42.0     112.4-710.1   102.8-959.0  10.1-215.7  78.0-655.3

All daily means, both number and weight, observed in each open cycle month of 1980 were within the two standard deviations of the Phases I-V daily means for the corresponding months. In fact, only the mean number of fish impinged in May, 23.1 per day, exceeded the corresponding Phases I-V mean plus one standard deviation, 19.0 per day. Both the daily mean number and weight of fish impinged during 133 days of open cycle operation were less than the daily means plus one standard deviation for corresponding months during the-Phases I-V studies. 8.2 Resident Finfish Studies In 1980, 1602 fish were collected at Vermont Yankee Sample Stations 3, 4, 5, and 8. The locations of the sample stations are shown in Figure 8.1. The fish were taken in 96 collections by three capture methods - trap net, gill net, and seine haul. A summary by sample station and capture method of the fishing effort made and the numbers and weight of fish collected is shown in Table 8.3. All fish collected were identified and their weight and total length were measured and recorded. Of the nineteen species observed in 1980 collections, eleven were captured both upstream and down-stream of Vernon Dam. Three species - spottail shiner, silvery I minnow, and American eel - were observed only in collections north 5 of the dam; five species - fallfish, brown bullhead, yellow bull-l head, northern pike, and chain pickerel - were found only in the collections south of Vernon Dam. Northern pike is a species that has not been collected previously in Vermont Yankee fish studies, which were begun in 1968. A single specimen, weighing 400 grams with a total length of 400 mm, was taken on 16 September 1980 in an experimental gill net set near Stebbin Island, about 1.25 miles downstream from Vernon Dam. The data of the 1980 fish collections are summarized by species in Tables 8.4, 8.5, and 8.6. Table 8.4 shows for all collections the number, the total weight, and the extremes in weight and total length observed for each species. Tables 8.5

                                  -148-

i ) FI S H

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                                                       .                  5 l

5 VERNON f e 4 HINSDALE f o VERMONT YANKEE , g NUCLE AR PLANT ~3 "l.T ~ g I 3 I i i 2 'I l w~a.. g . _ , I MASSACHUSETTS /

                                                                                       N e w FIGURE 8.1 l
                                                                      -149-t

TABLE 8.3

SUMMARY

OF FISHING EFFORT AND RESULTS 1980 CAPTURE METHOD TRAP NET GILL NET SEINE HAUL TOTALS No. No. No. No. SAMPLE No. Weight Net Set No. Weight Net Set No. Weight No. No. Weight LOCATION Fish (g) Sets Hours Fish (g) Sets Hours Fish (g) Hauls Fish (g) South of Vernon Dam Station 3 355 137444 32 729 68 53594 10 226 148 215 3 571 191253 h North of Vernon Dam 8' Station 4 464 63610 16 364 130 50257 5 109 0 0 0 594 113867 Station 5 305 37764 9 204 68 35524 5 108 0 0 0 373 73288 Station 8 46 10893 11 256 18 5686 7 164 0 0 0 64 16579 Totals - North of Vernon Dam 815 112267 36 824 216 91467 17 381 0 0 0 1031 203734 Totals - All Locations 1170 249711 68 1553 284 145061 27 607 148 215 3 1602 394987 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

and 8.6 summarize - by sample station, capture method, and number of collections in which the species was taken - the numbers and total weights of the species captured north and south of Vernon Dam. Frequency distributions by total length for nine species are shown in Table 8.7. The species compositions, by weight and by number, of the 1980 collections are graphed in Figures 8.2 and 8.3. These compositions are reduced to a percentage basis and shown in Figures 8.4 and 8.5, along with percentage compositions of earlier surveys to permit comparison with previous studies. The percentage by number of white perch in the 1980 collec-tions (30.8%) was greater than the previous maximum for this species (29.0%) in 1974. This increase is attributable chiefly to the relatively low numbers of pumpkinseed and bluegill captured in 1980. The percentage by weight of Lepomis spp. in the 1980 survey (4.0%) was smaller than for any prior survey except that-of 1976 when these species constituted 3.4% of the weight of all fish taken. The percentages by weight that are shown in Figure 8.4 for 1980 are all within ranges that had been observed in earlier surveys except the percentage by weight for "all other species." The 12.2% by weight for "all other species" results from relatively greater weights of brown bullhead, chain pickerel, and walleye I captured in 1980. In particular, the biomass of walleye in the 1980 survey was significantly greater than in earlier years. The 48 walleye collected in 1980 weighed 30,522 grams, 7.7% of the weight of all fish taken. The previous maximum percentage by weight of "all other species" was 9.4% in 1978. This was due also to walleye, which constituted 6.7% of the weight of all fish in that year's survey. l Scale samples for age determination were taken from all white perch, yellow perch, walleye, and smallmouth bass collected in 1980 that had a total length of more than 50 mm. The results of the reading of these scales, along with the age-growth data

                                   -151-

f l, 1 I collected in years prior to Vermont Yankee's operation with open cycle cooling, are shown in Tables 8.8 through 8.11. The data on number of annull and mean total length from these tables are shown graphically in Figures 8.6 through 8.9. The age-growth data for white perch, yellow perch, and small-mouth bass in 1980 are not significantly different from the data of the years 1969-1973. Small differences are found when few specimens in an annulus group were captured. The age-growth curves for walleye in each of the years 1977 through 1979 had indicated an increased growth rate relative to the 1969-1973 curve. To confirm this, the scale samples from walleye collected in 1969-1973 were reread. Based on this re-examination, revised age-growth data for the years 1969-1973 are shown in Table 8.10. The plots of these revised 1969-1973 data and that of 1980 (Figure 8.8) also indicate an enhanced walleye growth rate in 1980 relative to the years 1969-1973. I

                                 -152-

TABLE 8.4 FISHES OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER IN THE VICINITY OF VERNON, VERMONT ALL COLLECTIONS 1980 Total Total Weight length Number Weight Extremes Extremes In Species Captured In Grams In Grams Millimeters Catost.omus commersoni.(LacipEde) White Sucker 190 129514 0.5-1408 33-507 Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus - Carp 19 91765 138-8500 195-740 Semotilus corporalis (Mitchill) Fallfish 1 473 473 332 Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill) Golden Shiner 12 913 35-170 137-225 I Notropis hudsonius (Clinton) Spottail Shiner 195 2062 7-15 73-128 Hybognathus nuchalis Agassiz I Silvery Minnow Juvenile Cyprinidae 133 1 16 208 16 0.05-2.6 112 17-68 Ictalurus nebulosus (LeSueur) Brown Bullhead 20 6500 32-733 140-375 Ictalurus natalis (LeSueur) Yellow Bullhead 1 76 76 180 Esox lucius Linnaeus I Northern Pike Esox niger LeSueur 1 400 400 400 Chain Pickerel 12 5818 162-846 282-508 Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur) American Eel 1 1360 1360 750 Morone americana (Gmelin) White Perch 494 58551 4-410 64-308 Perca flavescens (Mitchill) Yellow Perch 229 25338 7-350 90-290 ,a Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill) g Walleye 48 30522 51-1156 185-490 Micropterus dolomieui Lac 6p'ede Smallmouth Bass 70 16693 4-1470 70-490 I Micropterus salmoides (Lac 6pide) Largemouth Bass Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus) 8 3457 23-2040 110-507 Pumpkinseed 48 4490 2.7-843 57-420 Lepomis macrochires Rafinesque Bluegi.ll 16 3585 3-383 56-240 Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque) Rock Bass 103 13246 2.1-302 51-250 TOTALS 1602 394987

                                             -153-

TABLE 8.5 FISHES OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER IN THE VICINITY OF VERNON. VERMONT ALL COLLECTIONS NORTH OF VERNON DAM 1960 Station Capture No. of No. Weight Species Totals Species No. Method Coll. Fish Grams ~No. Weight White Sucker 4 Trap Net 8 13 6439 Gill Net 4 19 11417 5 Trap Net 4 12 8717 Gill Net 2 3 1856 8 Trap Net 1 1 845 Gill Net 4 6 3584 54 32858 l Carp 4 Trap Net 4 4 13387 l Gill Net 1 3 16220 5 Trap Net 1 1 5220 l Gill Net 1 3 18930 11 53757 Golden Shiner 4 Trap Net 3 3 213 5 Trap Net 1 6 338 9 551 Spottail Shiner 4 Trap Net 7 193 2042 5 Trap Net 1 2 20 195 2062 Silvery Minnow 4 Trap Net 1 1 16 1 16 American Eel 4 Trap Net 1 1 1360 1 1360 l White Perch 4 Trap Net 13 134 16678 Gtli Net 4 59 11558 5 Trap Net 5 234 17353 Gtil Net 2 20 2986 8 Trap Net 1 19 3803 Gill Net 2 3 687 469 53065 t Yellow Perch 4 Trap Net 13 73 7336 l Gill Net 2 28 2754 5 Trap Net 4 29 2454 Gill Net 2 24 2877 8 Trap Net 2 18 197 Gtil Net 4 6 474 178 16092 Walleye 4 Trap Net 7 15 10265 Gill Net 4 12 7100 5 Trap Net 1 1 51 Gill Net 2 13 8464 8 Trap Net 1 1 1022 Gill Net 1 1 746 43 27648 Smallmouth Bass 4 Trap Net 6 8 1348 Gill Net 3 3 529 5 Trap Net 4 10 2400 Gill Net 2 5 411 8 Trap Net 2 6 4840 Gill Net 2 2 195 34 9723 Largemouth Bass 4 Trap Net 5 7 3432 7 3432

Pumpkinseed 4 Trap Net 6 8 488 I Gill Net 3 6 679 5 Trap Net 2 4 340 18 1507 Bluegill 4 Trap Net 3 4 606 E 5 Trap Net 1 1 231 5 837 E Rock Bass 5 Trap Net 3 5 640 8 Trap Net 1 i 185 6 826 TOTALS NORTH OF VERNON DAM 1031 203734

                                     -154-

I I TABLE 8,6 FISHES OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER IN THE VICINITY OF VERNON, VERMONT I ALL COLLECTIONS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM 1980 Station Captuta No. of No. Weight Species Totals Species No. Method Coll. Fish Grams No. Weight White Sucker 3 Trap Net 18 107 85837 Gill Net 4 14 10812 Seine 1 15 7 136 96656 Carp 3 Trap Net 1 1 6120 Gill Net 4 7 31888 8 38008 I Fallfish 3 Gill Net 1 1 473 1 473 Golden Shiner 3 Trap Net 3 3 362 3 362 Juvenile Cyprinidae 3 Seine 1 133 208 133 208 Brown Bullnead 3 Trap Net 6 19 6191 Gill Net 1 1 309 20 6500 Yellow Bullhead 3 Gill Net 1 1 76 1 76 Northern Pike 3 Gill Net 1 1 400 1 400 Chain Pickerel 3 Trap Net 3 3 1462 6 9 4356 12 5818 I Gill Net White Perch 3 Trap Net 14 24 5220 Gill Net 1 1 266 25 5486 I Yellow Perch 3 Trap Net Gill Net 5 1 46 5 8266 980 51 9246 Walleye 3 Trap Net 5 5 2874 5 2874 Smallmouth Bass 3 Trap Net 13 29 5224 Gi:ll Net 4 7 1746 36 6970 Largemouth Bass 3 Trap Net 1 1 25 1 25 Pumpkinseed 3 Trap Net 10 22 2563 Gill Net 4 8 420 30 2983 Bluegill 3 Trap Net 5 10 2632 Gill Net 1 1 116 11 2748 I Rock Bass 3 Trap Net Gill Net 19 4 85 12 10668 1752 97 12420 TOTALS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM 571 191253 g ess-

TABLE 8.7-1 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF FISH SPECIES BY TOTAL LENGTH 1980 Tota! SMALLMOUTH Length WHITE PERCH YELLOW PERCH BASS PUMPKINSEED BLUEGILL ROCK BASS (mm) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) 0-20 21-40 41-60 3 11 1 3 5 21 61-80 132 1063 2 10 2 7 1 11 81-100 57 588 25 231 5 48 1 25 101-120 3 66 3 46 3 55 10 522 6 186 121-140 2 55 1 36 15 985 14 724 E 141-160 8 454 15 716 2 77 8 835 1 116 3 244 161-180 32 2534 31 ~1940 10 659 8 1114 1 144 24 2772 E 20 2985 8 .181-200 31 3317 42 3835 9 883 1 173 2 357 201-220 37 5075 43 5490 8 975 6 1302 22 4447 221-240 78 15487 35 5713 4 712 5 1663 6 1529 241-260 93 25093 29 6091 7 1584 1 302 261-280 18 5699 4 890 3 955 281-300 2 710 1 350 5 1662 301-320 1 410 3 1176 321-340 1 500 341-360 3 2046 361-380 2 1344 381-400 401-420 1 843 421-440 1 1070 1 441-460 1 1467 461-480 481-500 1 1470 l TOTALS 494 58551 229 25338 70 16693 48 4490 16 3585 103 13246 i M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

I TABLE 8.7-2 I FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF FISH SPECIES BY TOTAL LENGTH 1980 h WHITE SUCKER CARP WALLEYE (m) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) No. Wgt.(g) 0-20 21-40 15 7 41-60 I 61-80 81-100 101-120 3 37 I 121-140 141-160 161-180 1 1 15 54 181-200 1 138 1 51 I 201-220 221-240 1 131 1 237 241-260 2 386 I 26i-280 281-300 301-320 3 3 7 703 954 2633 4 1379 I 321-340 341-460 361-380 9 16 16 3958 8091 10147 3 5 1059 2401 381-400 20 14067 8 4224 I 401-420 421-440 28 28 22151 25091 7 11 4502 7843 441-460 15 15505 3 2704 I 461-480 481-500 501-520 13 7 2 14555 8384 2645 5 1 5209 1150 521-540 541-560 561-580 581-600 1 2950 601-620 621-640 641-660 3 14960 I 661-680 681-700 701-720 1 6 2 4860 30960 11110 721-740 a 26530 I TOTALS 190 129514 19 91765 48 30522 I

                                 -157-

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._ @l 0 7 9 - 6 9 5g . . N , _7 o - = ' S I S S P. S N N U P E U O S E A RI S T R M S S U A N E EU IL S O O D C I E T R U N EA S T E S P TR HS N O I I N IC PM I E E N AE O S T E S O O M O M I R PI G R I OR C V O L E OI C T M P R I D P R E RA R L C P B e LE AO YA OM E L I O E Mu LP CC CC IN Y C MA P F MD L AR AS 3C) "-

I TABLE 8.8 AGE-GROWTH DATA - WHITE PERCH ALL COLLECTIONS Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 47 91 62-130 31 91 64-106 1 8 178 169-194 44 180 125-225 2 94 202 155-245 54 211 157-245 3 253 231 175-276 68 226 160-273 4 112 244 204-303 47 234 195-260 5 18 267 239-311 62 250 210-281 6 5 284 270-308 23 260 237-308 7 0 - - 3 254 242-270 COLLECTIONS NORTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 43 90 62-130 30 91 64-106 1 7 176 169-180 42 178 125-210 i 2 3 4 64 118 48 198 224 239 155-235 175-276 204-285 51 60 45 211 224 234 157-245 160-260 195-260 l! ml l 5 12 269 247-311 56 250 214-281 6 4 278 270-296 21 258 237-285 7 0 - - 3 254 242-270 COLLECTIONS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM I Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Ann'111 Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 4 92 68-110 1 96 - 1 1 194 - 2 213 201-225 2 30 210 178-245 3 220 208-242 3 135 235 186-270 8 242 205-273 4 64 247 213-303 2 248 242-253 5 6 263 239-285 6 255 210-280 6 1 308 - 2 281 254-308 7 0 - - 0 - -

                                    -162-I

!l AGE-GROWTH GRAPHS - WHITE PERCH ! mm. in. 350 -

                                                   - 13 300 - - II

! -n y* 250 -- 10 ." "

                                                                                ~*
                                                   -9                       8

'E3 I 200 --8

                                                                      , :-/ ,

H s l @ -7 ,A

E na ,

                                          ' '5o --'

'E f -5 10 0 --4

                                                                                                          .. ...,73 50 --2                                                     1980         - - - - - - -
                                                  -1 1

f I I I I I i 8 O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 l NUMBER OF ANNULI NORTH AND SOUTH OF VERNON DAM l m m. In. m m. in. 350 - 350 -

                     - 13                                                           - 13 300 -      - 12                                                         ~I 300 -

- 11 f. - 11 ,

250 -- 10 ,,,*----. 250 -- 10 g l i

r 200 - -8 200 --8 j,/,/ l

n

                     -7 sy.
                                   /
                                                                                    -7 g

j s

      $ 150 --6                                                                150 --6           I
                                                                                                  /
                     -5                                                             -5          l

' 10 0 --4 10 0 --4 i o II

                     -3                                                             -3 50 --2                                                         50 --2 1

! -l -l ! 'O O i i i i , 0--O i i i , i i O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 . NUMBER OF ANNULI NUMBER OF ANNULI j NORTH OF VERNON DAM SOUTH OF VERNON DAM FIG UR E 8.6 4 -163-

I TABLE 8.9 AGE-GROWTH DATA - YELLOW PERCH ALL COLLECTIONS Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) g Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes g 0 45 81 45-118 18 96 90-110 1 44 122 67-183 11 156 (38-170 2 80 192 156-235 87 189 148-226 3 71 216 158-249 64 223 190-257 4 74 234 208-266 18 238 205-290 5 50 251 217-280 13 252 230-275 6 23 270 225-295 2 246 235-256 7 9 281 265-302 0 - - 8 2 285 - 0 - - 9 0 - - 0 - - 10 1 305 - 0 - - COLLECTIONS NORTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 j of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) l Annuli Specimens Average Ext'remes Specimens Average Extremes 0 22 83 45-118 18 96 90-110 1 30 126 67-183 11 156 138-170 2 73 190 156-235 73 187 152-226 3 49 218 170-249 35 213 190-250 4 37 232 208-266 12 230 205-260 l 5 22 251 217-271 11 250 230-275 m 6 4 271 261-282 2 246 235-256 7 2 269 265-272 0 - - E 8 2 285 - 0 - - E 9 0 - - 0 - - 10 1 305 - 0 - - COLLECTIONS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number' Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) l Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes O 23 80 47-101 0 - - l 1 14 115 101-156 0 - - m 2 7 209 174-230 14 201 148-223 3 22 212 158-241 29 235 207-257 3 4 37 237 211-262 6 252 228-290 E 5 28 250 230-280 2 262 250-275 6 19 270 225-295 0 - - 7 7 285 267-302 0 - - 8 0 - - 0 - - 9 0 - - 0 - - 10 0 - - 0 - -

                                  -164-l

1 l AGE-GROWTH GRAPHS - YELLOW PERCH f

.                                                                                  m m.                    in.

350 - j i

                                                                                                      - 13 1

300 -- 12

i E

I E 250 - - 10 ./. , ' I 200 --8 W o -7 z e w 3 150 --6

,s

' o

                                                                                                     ~5            l.

10 0 --4 < f o 1969-1973

                                                                                                    -3 50 --2                                                                          1980           --     - - - - -

i -1 0--O g g g g g ; y , ; y i i O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NUMBER OF ANNULI , NORTH AND SOUTH OF VERNON DAM m m. m. mm. in. 350 - 350 - a

                                       - 13                                                                                                      - 13 300 -- 12                                                                                        e 300 - -'2
                                       - II                                                                                                      - 11                                ,/

I /,_ / ,*" ' / I 250 -- 10 t 250 - - 10 j -9 e/

                                                                                  / ....
                                                                                                                                                 -9                     .#. / .
                                                                                                                                                                      ,/e /

i s. ,- .

                                                                                                                                                                 .e 4

x 200 --8 /, 2 00 - " - H

;                  y                   -7                ,-                                                                                      -7

w J 15 0 --6 .'

1

                                                ,/                                                                                      150 --6
 !                                     -5      s
                                               *.                                                                                                -5 e

10 0 --4 800 --4

                                       -3                                                                                                        -3
.{

l , 50 --2 50 --2

  ;                                    -l                                                                                                        -l 0--O           g             ,         ,    ,    ,              ,        ,     ,      ,    ,           O        O             ,          ,             ,      ,  ,

y g g i g l O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 l NUMBER OF ANNULI NUMBER OF ANNULI

  !                                                     NORTH OF VERNON DAM                                                                                     SOUTH OF VERNON DAM F!GURE 8.7 l
  ;                                                                                                                           -iss-4

_. , _ _ . - _ _ . , _ , _ _ . . _ . - - _ - - _ , ,_ . . . . . . , ~ _ _ .

1 TABLE 8.10 AGE-GROWTH DATA - WALLEYE ALL COLLECTIONS Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extrenes 0 4 158 129-180 1 185 - 1 8 216 163-275 0 - - 2 16 306 246-362 1 335 - g 3 28 343 242-392 8 359 337-395 5 4 29 368 321-407 12 406 335-452 5 15 ., 377 303-425 17 421 352-480 6 6 436 390-480 5 438 400-470 7 3 484 425-527 4 467 425-512 COLLECTIONS NORTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 1 186 -- 1 185 - 1 5 205 163-260 0 - - 2 12 299 246-362 1 335 - 3 16 346 291-392 7 374 337-395 4 18 370 321-407 10 415 380-452 5 11 388 364-425 16 422 352-480 6 5 446 409-480 5 438 400-470 7 1 527 - 3 459 425-512 COLLECTIONS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 3 149 129-180 0 - - 1 3 234 176-275 0 - - 2 4 326 303-337 0 - - 3 12 338 242-380 1 340 - 4 11 367 331-402 2 360 335-385 5 4 347 303-383 1 400 - 6 1 390 - 0 - - 7 2 463 425-501 1 490 -

                                       -166-

I AGE-GROWTH GRAPHS - WALLEYE m m. in. 600 _. _- 22 500 -- 20 [e

                                                                     - 18
                                                                                                                   ,e'*[...

400 -- 16 x --l4 * ,/ , e' F -

                                                                                                   , /,/

g 300 -- 12 - f' e na ,' J -- 80 /

s' e 200 --8 e

150 --6_ 10 0 --4 1980 - - - - - - - 50 --2 0--O 4 g g g ; g g y O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NUMBER OF ANNULI NORTH AND SOUTH OF VERNON DAM m m. in. mm. in. ! O_ 600 _ _- 22 _ ; .- \ GOO - 20 500 - r,

                -- 18                                                                        ,  *                        -- 18 400 -- 16
                                                                  ..... ,..                                         400 - - 16
                                                                                                                                                                          ,,e
                                                                                                                                                                               /je'
                                                           ,s ,-

MNe j, i 1 - e i -- 14 './*s -- 14

                                          ,.,,e                                                                     300 -- 12
  @ 300 -- 12     -
                                        ,e .                                                                                  -
                                   ,e                                                                                    -- 10
                -- 10                                                                                                                                     ,

00

                ---8        p.                                                                                      200 --8
                --6                                                                                                      --6              o 10 0 --4                                                                                                  10 0 --4
                --2                                                                                                      --2 I0--O
                                     ,     ,                ,      ,      ,       ,              ,     ,              0--O                                ,    ,     ,  ,    ,              ,      , ,

O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NUMBEP OF ANNULI NUMBER OF ANNULI NORTH P/ VERNON DAM SOUTH OF VERNON DAM FIG U R E 8.8 I -167-

TABLE 8.11 AGE-GROWTH DATA - SMALLMOUTH BASS ALL COLLECTIONS Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 16 68 45-102 6 82 70-95 1 25 164 108-213 14 153 94-194 2 31 206 161-255 14 195 150-218 3 59 239 197-293 12 253 212-290 4 50 275 220-315 9 270 200-310 5 36 305 262-350 7 326 278-360 6 16 346 305-376 0 - - 7 4 370 343-406 2 374 372-375 8 1 357 - 0 - - 9 2 412 398-425 ? 461 432-490 10 0 - - 0 - - 11 1 411 - 0 - - COLLECTIONS NORTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (mm) Number Total Length (mm) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 5 50 45-57 2 85 - 1 21 161 108-213 5 156 145-188 1 205 190 2 29 161-255 9 150-218 3 44 235 197-293 3 246 220-290 4 23 272 220-315 6 281 200-310 5 23 300 262-339 3 335 315-360 6 12 339 305-362 0 - - 7 2 386 365-406 2 374 372-375 8 0 - - 0 - - 9 1 398 - 2 475 460-490 10 0 - - 0 - - 11 0 - - 0 - - r COLLECTIONS SOUTH OF VERNON DAM Number 1969 - 1973 1980 of Number Total Length (rmn) Number Total Length gam) Annuli Specimens Average Extremes Specimens Average Extremes 0 11 76 51-102 4 81 70-95 E 1 4 173 150-207 9 151 94-194 5 2 2 225 211-238 5 204 195-212 3 15 252 232-274 9 256 212-290 4 27 279 245-305 3 248 240-260 5 13 312 290-350 4 320 278-360 6 4 346 352-376 0 - - 7 2 354 343-364 0 - - 8 1 357 - 0 - - 9 1 425 - 1 432 - 10 0 - - 0 - - 11 1 411 - 0 - -

                                 -168-

1 g AGE-GROWTH GRAPHS - SM ALLMOUTH B ASS-m m. in. l 450 - ,

                                                                                                                                                   #        *

I 400 -- 16 f

(

350 -- 14

300 -- 12 if fo 250 --O _

                                                                                                              ,t' Z
                                                                 $ 200 --8 150 --E 100 --4                                                                                            1969-1973 1980                     -------

50 --2 O O I O g. I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ll NUMBER OF ANNULI NORTH AND SOUTH OF VERNON DAM m m. in. , m m. in. 450 -

              -                                                                                  /
                                                                                                   /                  450 -

s' '%, 400 -- 16 i 4og _- 16

                                                                                       .V, 330 -           14 e'
                                                                               ,/

350 - 34 . *"*

300 -- 12 i #. 300 _- 12

//

o e 1 250 - - 10

                                                            '*[.'                                                     250 -- 10
                                                                                                                                                                             ./
$ 200 - -8                                           ,                                                                200 --8                                 e 130 --6

[' 150 --6

100 ~ 4 / 10 0 --4

            -                                                                                                                      _           j 50 --2                 o                                                                                            50 --2 O--O                              ,           ,          ,      ,     ,    ,      ,      ,       ,     ,     ,      0 -- O                        ,      ,          ,    ,   ,    ,           ,         ,              , ,   ,

O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 O I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ll NUMBER OF ANNULl NUMBER OF ANNULI NORTH OF VERNON DAM SOUTH OF VERNON DAM FIGUR E 8.9

                                                                                                              -169-
        -- . . . _ - . - _ - - _ _ - _ . . - . . . . . _ - _ - .                                                         ..... - . . . _ . _                    - -_ ___             ~ . - _ - _ . ,                            . . _

I LITERATURE CITED I APHA et al. 1976. Standard methods for the examination of water ! an3 wastewater. 14th edition. Published jointly by American ! Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Pollution Control Federation; Washington, D.C. Aquatec, Incorporated. 1973. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Vermont. Report II, June 1971-December 1972. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. 1974. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Vermont. I Report III, January-December 1973. R3 port prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. 1975. Ecological studies of the Connecticu', River, Vernon, I Vermont. Report IV, January-December 1974. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. I 1976. Vermont. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Report V, January-December 1975. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. 1977. Ecological studi.es of the Connecticut River, Vernon Vermont. Report VI, January-December 1976. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. 1978. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Vermont. Report VII, January-December 1977. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. I 1979a. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, ! Vermont. Report VIII, January-December 1978. Report prepared i for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. 1979b. Hydrothermal and biological studies, Connecticut ,I River, Vernon, Vermont. Phase V October 1977-May 1978. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. l 1980. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Vermont. Report IX, January-December 1979. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation. Webster-Martin, Incorporated. 1971. Ecological studies of the Connecticut River, Vernon, Vermont. Preoperational report. Report prepared for Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corporation.

I

                                    -171-}}

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