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{{#Wiki_filter:Containment Accident Pressure Committee Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction (CVDS Pump)
{{#Wiki_filter:BWROG-TP-12-011 Revision 0 August 2012 Containment Accident Pressure Committee Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction (CVDS Pump)
Author: Ankur Kalra (Sulzer Pump) Project Manager: Kenneth Welch (GEH) Committee Chairman: John Freeman (Exelon)                                                                                                                                               BWROG-TP-12-011                                                                                        Revision 0                                                                                        August 20 12 BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 INFORMATION NOTICE Recipients of this document have no authority or rights to release these products to anyone or organization outside their utility.
Author:             Ankur Kalra (Sulzer Pump)
The recipient shall not publish or otherwise disclose this document or the information therein to others without the prior written consent of the BWROG, and shall return the document at the request of BWROG. These products can, however, be shared with contractors performing related work directly for the participating utility, conditional upon appropriate proprietary agreements being in place with the contractor protecting these BWROG products. With regard to any unauthorized use, the BWROG participating Utility Members make no warranty, either express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of this guideline or the information, and assumes no liability with respect to its use. BWROG Utility Members CENG - Nine Mile Point Chubu Electric Power Company DTE - Fermi Chugoku Electric Power Company Energy Northwest
Project Manager:   Kenneth Welch (GEH)
- Columbia Comisión Federal de Electricidad Entergy - FitzPatrick Hokuriku Electric Power Company Entergy - Pilgrim Iberdrola Generacion, S.A. Entergy - River Bend/Grand Gulf Japan Atomic Power Company Entergy - Vermont Yankee J-Power (Electric Power Development Co.) Exelon (Clinton) Kernkraftwerk Leibstadt Exelon (D/QC/L) South Texas Project Exelon (Oyster Creek) Taiwan Power Company Exelon (PB/Limerick) Tohoku Electric Power Company FirstEnergy
Committee Chairman: John Freeman (Exelon)
- Perry Tokyo Electric Power Company NPPD - Cooper  NextEra - Duane Arnold PPL - Susquehanna PSEG - Hope Creek Progress Energy
- Brunswick SNC - Hatch  TVA - Browns Ferry Xcel - Monticello


BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 2Executive Summary This BWROG Technical Product provides a technical evaluation of the applicability of a standard equation to the Sulzer CVDS pump model used at the Monticello station and other BWR stations. The equation correlates changes in pump speed to changes in pump NPSH R.Implementation Recommendations This product is intended for use to address (in part) issues raised in the NRC Guidance Document for the Use of Containment Accident Pressure in Reactor Safety Analysis (ADAMS Accession No. ML102110167).Implementation will be part of the BWROG guidelines on the use of Containment Accident Pressure credit for ECCS pump NPSH analyses. Benefits to Site This product provides a technical response to the NRC concerns raised in the reference above regarding the potential for changes in NPSH R as pump operating speed is changed.
BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 INFORMATION NOTICE Recipients of this document have no authority or rights to release these products to anyone or organization outside their utility. The recipient shall not publish or otherwise disclose this document or the information therein to others without the prior written consent of the BWROG, and shall return the document at the request of BWROG. These products can, however, be shared with contractors performing related work directly for the participating utility, conditional upon appropriate proprietary agreements being in place with the contractor protecting these BWROG products.
QUALITY LEVEL SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT ASME CODE SECTION    Direct DOC. NO: E12.5.1910  Indirect ORDER NO:
With regard to any unauthorized use, the BWROG participating Utility Members make no warranty, either express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of this guideline or the information, and assumes no liability with respect to its use.
100072780 CLASS NO.CODE EDITION (YEAR)TITLE:Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc.
BWROG Utility Members CENG - Nine Mile Point                  Chubu Electric Power Company DTE - Fermi                              Chugoku Electric Power Company Energy Northwest - Columbia              Comisión Federal de Electricidad Entergy - FitzPatrick                    Hokuriku Electric Power Company Entergy - Pilgrim                        Iberdrola Generacion, S.A.
SEASON YEARMonticello - RHR & CS Pumps CUSTOMERGE-HITACHI Nuclear Energy Americas LLC PROJECT Monticello Nuclear Power Station, Monticello, MN CUSTOMER P.O. NO.
Entergy - River Bend/Grand Gulf          Japan Atomic Power Company Entergy - Vermont Yankee                J-Power (Electric Power Development Co.)
437054820CONTRACT NUMBER SPECIFICATION NO.
Exelon (Clinton)                         Kernkraftwerk Leibstadt Exelon (D/QC/L)                         South Texas Project Exelon (Oyster Creek)                   Taiwan Power Company Exelon (PB/Limerick)                     Tohoku Electric Power Company FirstEnergy - Perry                      Tokyo Electric Power Company NPPD - Cooper NextEra - Duane Arnold PPL - Susquehanna PSEG - Hope Creek Progress Energy - Brunswick SNC - Hatch TVA - Browns Ferry Xcel - Monticello
ITEM / TAG NUMBER  CUSTOMER APPROVAL NUMBER:  CUSTOMER APPROVAL REQUIREMENT  Yes    No    Information Only SPACE FOR CUSTOMER APPROVAL STAMP CERTIFIED AS A VALID SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT (when applicable/available) For Outside Vendor For Manufacture at Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc. Risk Release Inspection Report # ________________  Other (specify)
_______________________ APPROVALS(SIGNATURE)Date Engineering 03/12/12QualityAssurance CERTIFICATION (when applicable)
Originating Advance Engineering This Document is certified to be in compliance  Dept: with THE APPLICABLE PURCHASE ORDER, By:  SPECIFICATIONS, PROCEDURES, AND ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS LISTED IN Ankur KalraTHE APPENDICES. Title:  Hydraulic Design Engineer Date: 11/7/2011__________________________________________Professional Engineer APPLICABLE S.O. NUMBERS:
___________ _____________________________
0State  Registration No.
Date _______________
E12.5.1910 0 Rev.DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction E12.5.1910 MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS  1/4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0PURPOSE ..............................................................................................................................
..................................


==22.0BACKGROUND==
BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 Executive Summary This BWROG Technical Product provides a technical evaluation of the applicability of a standard equation to the Sulzer CVDS pump model used at the Monticello station and other BWR stations. The equation correlates changes in pump speed to changes in pump NPSHR.
..............................................................................................................................
Implementation Recommendations This product is intended for use to address (in part) issues raised in the NRC Guidance Document for the Use of Containment Accident Pressure in Reactor Safety Analysis (ADAMS Accession No. ML102110167). Implementation will be part of the BWROG guidelines on the use of Containment Accident Pressure credit for ECCS pump NPSH analyses.
........................ 23.0SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................
Benefits to Site This product provides a technical response to the NRC concerns raised in the reference above regarding the potential for changes in NPSHR as pump operating speed is changed.
........................................ 34.0ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................................................
2
.................................. 35.0RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
............................................................................................................................ 46.0BIBLIOGRAPHY ..............................................................................................................................
....................... 4 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction E12.5.1910 MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS  2/4 1.0 PURPOSE To evaluate the use of the equation provided in standard HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 [1] for predicting NPSHr at different pump speeds. More specifically, this analysis is being performed for RHR


and CS pumps installed in the Monticello nuclear facility. These pumps, when tested at the
QUALITY LEVEL              SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT ASME CODE Direct                  DOC. NO:    E12.5.1910                                                    SECTION Indirect              ORDER NO:      100072780                                                      CLASS NO.
CODE EDITION TITLE:  Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction                    (YEAR)
Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc.                                        SEASON Monticello - RHR & CS Pumps                                    YEAR CUSTOMER          GE-HITACHI Nuclear Energy Americas LLC PROJECT        Monticello Nuclear Power Station, Monticello, MN CUSTOMER P.O. NO.            437054820 CONTRACT NUMBER SPECIFICATION NO.
ITEM / TAG NUMBER CUSTOMER APPROVAL NUMBER:                        CUSTOMER APPROVAL REQUIREMENT Yes            No              ; Information Only SPACE FOR CUSTOMER APPROVAL STAMP                CERTIFIED AS A VALID SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT (when applicable/available)
For Outside Vendor              Risk Release Inspection Report # ________________
_For Manufacture at Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc.          Other (specify)
_______________________
APPROVALS (SIGNATURE)                                      Date Engineering                                                03/12/12 Quality Assurance CERTIFICATION (when applicable)                                          Originating Advance Engineering This Document is certified to be in compliance                          Dept:
with THE APPLICABLE PURCHASE ORDER, SPECIFICATIONS, PROCEDURES, AND                                          By:
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS LISTED IN                                                  Ankur Kalra THE APPENDICES.
Title:    Hydraulic Design Engineer Date:      11/7/2011
__________________________________________
Professional Engineer APPLICABLE S.O. NUMBERS:
___________      _____________________________                                            0 State                      Registration No.
Date _______________                                                                                              0 E12.5.1910 Rev.
DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION


Sulzer Pumps factory, were operated at a fixed speed using electrical induction motors. Test
E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction                                                              MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................................................ 2


motors have a slip factor that is dependent upon motor design (efficiency and motor power
==2.0 BACKGROUND==
 
...................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.0 SCOPE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.0 ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................................................ 3 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................ 4 6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1/4
ratings) and applied load. In the nuclear facility, operation at less than full-rated motor power
 
or with high-efficiency motor tends to reduce motor slip, which can cause the pump to operate
 
at slightly higher speeds in the field compared to factory test speed. In addition, an increase in


the frequency of the motor power source may result in pumps running at higher speeds than  
E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction                    MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS 1.0 PURPOSE To evaluate the use of the equation provided in standard HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 [1] for predicting NPSHr at different pump speeds. More specifically, this analysis is being performed for RHR and CS pumps installed in the Monticello nuclear facility. These pumps, when tested at the Sulzer Pumps factory, were operated at a fixed speed using electrical induction motors. Test motors have a slip factor that is dependent upon motor design (efficiency and motor power ratings) and applied load. In the nuclear facility, operation at less than full-rated motor power or with high-efficiency motor tends to reduce motor slip, which can cause the pump to operate at slightly higher speeds in the field compared to factory test speed. In addition, an increase in the frequency of the motor power source may result in pumps running at higher speeds than the tested pump thus increasing the required NPSH.
 
the tested pump thus increasing the required NPSH.


==2.0 BACKGROUND==
==2.0 BACKGROUND==


The physical process of cavitation (boiling) involves a phase change. In the context of a centrifugal pump inlet the energy, or latent heat of evaporation, required to facilitate the phase  
The physical process of cavitation (boiling) involves a phase change. In the context of a centrifugal pump inlet the energy, or latent heat of evaporation, required to facilitate the phase change associated with cavitation must be supplied by the liquid surrounding the cavitation vapor bubbles. This heat transfer process from the supporting fluid to the vapor gives rise to important physical characteristics of the cavitation process in pumps, one of which includes temporal component. That is, it takes some finite amount of time for the heat transfer associated with the formation of cavitation bubble to take place. The implication of this in the context of a pump inlet is that the longer the residence time of the flowing fluid in the low pressure zone at the blade leading edges, the greater the bubble formation. And conversely, the shorter the residence time of the fluid in the low pressure zone the less bubble formation there will be. This explains why the exponent 2 (square law as discussed in section 3 below) overpredicts the NPSHr when scaling up in speed and why it underpredicts the NPSHr when scaling down in speed.
 
2/4
change associated with cavitation must be supplied by the liquid surrounding the cavitation  
 
vapor bubbles. This heat transfer process from the supporting fluid to the vapor gives rise to  
 
important physical characteristics of the cavitation process in pumps, one of which includes  
 
temporal component. That is, it takes some finite amount of time for the heat transfer  
 
associated with the formation of cavitation bubble to take place. The implication of this in the  


context of a pump inlet is that the longer the residence time of the flowing fluid in the low
E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction                  MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS 3.0 SCOPE The NPSHr prediction equation for pump speed correction from HI/ANSI 1.6 standard is:
2
                § n2
* NPSH 2    ¨¨ ¸¸ u NPSH 1 , ------- (1)
                © n1 ¹ Where; NPSH1 = Net positive suction head at test speed; NPSH2 = Net positive suction head at specified speed; n1 = Test speed in rpm; n2 = Operating speed in rpm; The above equation (1) provides a square law relationship between the pump speed and NPSHr. This relationship is evaluated for speed changes encountered in the field. The range of assessment will be limited to [[      ]] of the nominal pump speed, which should bound all speed variations that could be encountered in the field. Moreover, alternative NPSHr speed correction methods are compared to equation (1) for predicting NPSHr speed dependence.
These sources also provide physical reasoning for using equations derived from empirical data when predicting NPSHr at speeds lower than the test speed.
4.0 ANALYSIS Equation (1), has been endorsed in several centrifugal pump books and papers on cavitation and has been termed as a conservative approach to NPSHr speed correction when adjusting for higher speeds because it tends to overestimate NPSHr. As an example of the application of equation (1) for increased pump speed, consider that at [[                ]], test curves for the Monticello RHR pumps show an NPSHr of [[                  ]] at a test speed of [[            ]]. A
[[    ]] increase in pump nominal speed equals [[                  ]]. In equation (1) we substitute this speed and obtain an NPSHr of [[          ]]. This is [[        ]] higher than the test NPSHr.
For predicting NPSHr at speeds below the test speed, equation (1) tends to underestimate NPSHr. This can lead to pumps experiencing degraded performance due to cavitation if the NPSHa provided by the plant is insufficient due to an optimistic prediction of the pump NPSHr at a reduced speed. For estimating NPSHr under certain conditions (e.g. speed reduction)
HI/ANSI 1.6 standard allows the use of empirical data obtained by respective pump manufacturers. Johann Gulich's book; Centrifugal Pumps [2], uses test data from eight pump 3/4


pressure zone at the blade leading edges, the greater the bubble formation. And conversely, the shorter the residence time of the fluid in the low pressure zone the less bubble formation
E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction                         MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS manufacturers for developing an equation for lower speed NPSHr prediction.
 
there will be. This explains why the exponent 2 (square law as discussed in section 3 below)
 
overpredicts the NPSHr when scaling up in speed and why it underpredicts the NPSHr when
 
scaling down in speed.
Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction E12.5.1910 MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS  3/4 3.0 SCOPE The NPSHr prediction equation for pump speed correction from HI/ANSI 1.6 standard is:
1 2 1 2 2 NPSH n n NPSH, ------- (1)
Where;NPSH 1= Net positive suction head at test speed; NPSH 2= Net positive suction head at specified speed; n 1= Test speed in rpm; n 2= Operating speed in rpm; The above equation (1) provides a square law relationship between the pump speed and
 
NPSHr. This relationship is evaluated for speed changes encountered in the field. The range of assessment will be limited to
[[      ]] of the nominal pump speed, which should bound all speed variations that could be encountered in the field. Moreover, alternative NPSHr speed correction methods are compared to equation (1) for predicting NPSHr speed dependence.
 
These sources also provide physical reasoning for using equations derived from empirical data
 
when predicting NPSHr at speeds lower than the test speed.
4.0 ANALYSIS Equation (1), has been endorsed in several centrifugal pump books and papers on cavitation
 
and has been termed as a conservative approach to NPSHr speed correction when adjusting
 
for higher speeds because it tends to overestimate NPSHr. As an example of the application of equation (1) for increased pump speed, consider that at
[[          ]], test curves for the Monticello RHR pumps show an NPSHr of
[[          ]] at a test speed of
[[          ]]. A [[    ]] increase in pump nominal speed equals
[[          ]]. In equation (1) we substitute this speed and obtain an NPSHr of
[[      ]]. This is
[[      ]] higher than the test NPSHr.
For predicting NPSHr at speeds below the test speed, equation (1) tends to underestimate NPSHr. This can lead to pumps experiencing degraded performance due to cavitation if the
 
NPSHa provided by the plant is insufficient due to an optimistic prediction of the pump NPSHr
 
at a reduced speed. For estimating NPSHr under certain conditions (e.g. speed reduction)
 
HI/ANSI 1.6 standard allows the use of empirical data obtained by respective pump
 
manufacturers. Johann Gulich's book; Centrifugal Pumps [2], uses test data from eight pump Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction E12.5.1910 MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS 4/4 manufacturers for developing an equation for lower speedNPSHr prediction.
Gulich's Equation:
Gulich's Equation:
1 2 1 2 NPSH n n NPSH x , where x (exponent) =
0.3
3.0 3 2 ref NPSH NPSH ,   ---- (2)
                                    § n2
Where, NPSH ref= 20 m. If we use Gulich's equation (2) above, that is based on empirical data, to predict the NPSHr at
* x
[[° ° ° ° ° ° ° °  
                                                                                        § NPSH 3
° ° ° ]] we would obtain x =
* NPSH 2       ¨ ¸ u NPSH 1 , where x (exponent) = 2 u ¨¨                    ¸ , ---- (2)
[[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] and new NPSHr as
                                                                                                    ¸
[[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °  
                                    © n1 ¹                                            © NPSH ref  ¹ Where, NPSHref = 20 m.
° ° ° ]] less than the[[° ° ° ° ° ° °  
If we use Gulich's equation (2) above, that is based on empirical data, to predict the NPSHr at
° ° ° ]] predicted by equation (1). This illustrates that the use of exponent 2 (square law approach) is a conservative approach when correcting NPSHr for higher operating speeds.5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION For speed variations of
[[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] we would obtain x = [[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] and new NPSHr as [[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] less than the [[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] predicted by equation (1). This illustrates that the use of exponent 2 (square law approach) is a conservative approach when correcting NPSHr for higher operating speeds.
[[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] of the test speed, the HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 square law equation is suitable for determining changes in NPSHr for speed increases for the RHR and CS pumps. For speed decreases, an empirical correlation such as that prescribed by Gulich is  
5.0     RESULTS AND CONCLUSION For speed variations of [[° ° ° ° ° ° ° ]] of the test speed, the HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 square law equation is suitable for determining changes in NPSHr for speed increases for the RHR and CS pumps. For speed decreases, an empirical correlation such as that prescribed by Gulich is recommended.
 
6.0     BIBLIOGRAPHY
recommended.
6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1]: ANSI/HI 1.6, 2000, American National Standard for Centrifugal Pump Tests
[1]: ANSI/HI 1.6, 2000, American National Standard for Centrifugal Pump Tests
[2]: Centrifugal Pumps, Johann Gulich, 2 nd Edition.
[2]: Centrifugal Pumps, Johann Gulich, 2nd Edition.
[3]: Centrifugal Pumps Book, Stepanoff.}}
[3]: Centrifugal Pumps Book, Stepanoff.
4/4}}

Revision as of 21:54, 11 November 2019

Attachment 9: BWROG-TP-12-011, Revision 0, Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction (Cvds Pump)
ML12300A219
Person / Time
Site: Monticello, Boiling Water Reactor Owners Group  Xcel Energy icon.png
Issue date: 08/31/2012
From: Kalra A
Sulzer Pumps (US), BWR Owners Group
To:
Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Shared Package
ML123000308 List:
References
BWROG-12051 BWROG-TP-12-011, Rev 0
Download: ML12300A219 (8)


Text

BWROG-TP-12-011 Revision 0 August 2012 Containment Accident Pressure Committee Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction (CVDS Pump)

Author: Ankur Kalra (Sulzer Pump)

Project Manager: Kenneth Welch (GEH)

Committee Chairman: John Freeman (Exelon)

BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 INFORMATION NOTICE Recipients of this document have no authority or rights to release these products to anyone or organization outside their utility. The recipient shall not publish or otherwise disclose this document or the information therein to others without the prior written consent of the BWROG, and shall return the document at the request of BWROG. These products can, however, be shared with contractors performing related work directly for the participating utility, conditional upon appropriate proprietary agreements being in place with the contractor protecting these BWROG products.

With regard to any unauthorized use, the BWROG participating Utility Members make no warranty, either express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of this guideline or the information, and assumes no liability with respect to its use.

BWROG Utility Members CENG - Nine Mile Point Chubu Electric Power Company DTE - Fermi Chugoku Electric Power Company Energy Northwest - Columbia Comisión Federal de Electricidad Entergy - FitzPatrick Hokuriku Electric Power Company Entergy - Pilgrim Iberdrola Generacion, S.A.

Entergy - River Bend/Grand Gulf Japan Atomic Power Company Entergy - Vermont Yankee J-Power (Electric Power Development Co.)

Exelon (Clinton) Kernkraftwerk Leibstadt Exelon (D/QC/L) South Texas Project Exelon (Oyster Creek) Taiwan Power Company Exelon (PB/Limerick) Tohoku Electric Power Company FirstEnergy - Perry Tokyo Electric Power Company NPPD - Cooper NextEra - Duane Arnold PPL - Susquehanna PSEG - Hope Creek Progress Energy - Brunswick SNC - Hatch TVA - Browns Ferry Xcel - Monticello

BWROG-TP-12-011 REV 0 Executive Summary This BWROG Technical Product provides a technical evaluation of the applicability of a standard equation to the Sulzer CVDS pump model used at the Monticello station and other BWR stations. The equation correlates changes in pump speed to changes in pump NPSHR.

Implementation Recommendations This product is intended for use to address (in part) issues raised in the NRC Guidance Document for the Use of Containment Accident Pressure in Reactor Safety Analysis (ADAMS Accession No. ML102110167). Implementation will be part of the BWROG guidelines on the use of Containment Accident Pressure credit for ECCS pump NPSH analyses.

Benefits to Site This product provides a technical response to the NRC concerns raised in the reference above regarding the potential for changes in NPSHR as pump operating speed is changed.

2

QUALITY LEVEL SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT ASME CODE Direct DOC. NO: E12.5.1910 SECTION Indirect ORDER NO: 100072780 CLASS NO.

CODE EDITION TITLE: Task 2 - Equation for Pump Speed Correction (YEAR)

Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc. SEASON Monticello - RHR & CS Pumps YEAR CUSTOMER GE-HITACHI Nuclear Energy Americas LLC PROJECT Monticello Nuclear Power Station, Monticello, MN CUSTOMER P.O. NO. 437054820 CONTRACT NUMBER SPECIFICATION NO.

ITEM / TAG NUMBER CUSTOMER APPROVAL NUMBER: CUSTOMER APPROVAL REQUIREMENT Yes No  ; Information Only SPACE FOR CUSTOMER APPROVAL STAMP CERTIFIED AS A VALID SULZER PUMPS (US) INC. DOCUMENT (when applicable/available)

For Outside Vendor Risk Release Inspection Report # ________________

_For Manufacture at Sulzer Pumps (US) Inc. Other (specify)

_______________________

APPROVALS (SIGNATURE) Date Engineering 03/12/12 Quality Assurance CERTIFICATION (when applicable) Originating Advance Engineering This Document is certified to be in compliance Dept:

with THE APPLICABLE PURCHASE ORDER, SPECIFICATIONS, PROCEDURES, AND By:

ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS LISTED IN Ankur Kalra THE APPENDICES.

Title: Hydraulic Design Engineer Date: 11/7/2011

__________________________________________

Professional Engineer APPLICABLE S.O. NUMBERS:

___________ _____________________________ 0 State Registration No.

Date _______________ 0 E12.5.1910 Rev.

DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION

E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................................................ 2

2.0 BACKGROUND

...................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.0 SCOPE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.0 ANALYSIS................................................................................................................................................................ 3 5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................ 4 6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1/4

E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS 1.0 PURPOSE To evaluate the use of the equation provided in standard HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 [1] for predicting NPSHr at different pump speeds. More specifically, this analysis is being performed for RHR and CS pumps installed in the Monticello nuclear facility. These pumps, when tested at the Sulzer Pumps factory, were operated at a fixed speed using electrical induction motors. Test motors have a slip factor that is dependent upon motor design (efficiency and motor power ratings) and applied load. In the nuclear facility, operation at less than full-rated motor power or with high-efficiency motor tends to reduce motor slip, which can cause the pump to operate at slightly higher speeds in the field compared to factory test speed. In addition, an increase in the frequency of the motor power source may result in pumps running at higher speeds than the tested pump thus increasing the required NPSH.

2.0 BACKGROUND

The physical process of cavitation (boiling) involves a phase change. In the context of a centrifugal pump inlet the energy, or latent heat of evaporation, required to facilitate the phase change associated with cavitation must be supplied by the liquid surrounding the cavitation vapor bubbles. This heat transfer process from the supporting fluid to the vapor gives rise to important physical characteristics of the cavitation process in pumps, one of which includes temporal component. That is, it takes some finite amount of time for the heat transfer associated with the formation of cavitation bubble to take place. The implication of this in the context of a pump inlet is that the longer the residence time of the flowing fluid in the low pressure zone at the blade leading edges, the greater the bubble formation. And conversely, the shorter the residence time of the fluid in the low pressure zone the less bubble formation there will be. This explains why the exponent 2 (square law as discussed in section 3 below) overpredicts the NPSHr when scaling up in speed and why it underpredicts the NPSHr when scaling down in speed.

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E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS 3.0 SCOPE The NPSHr prediction equation for pump speed correction from HI/ANSI 1.6 standard is:

2

§ n2

© n1 ¹ Where; NPSH1 = Net positive suction head at test speed; NPSH2 = Net positive suction head at specified speed; n1 = Test speed in rpm; n2 = Operating speed in rpm; The above equation (1) provides a square law relationship between the pump speed and NPSHr. This relationship is evaluated for speed changes encountered in the field. The range of assessment will be limited to [[ ]] of the nominal pump speed, which should bound all speed variations that could be encountered in the field. Moreover, alternative NPSHr speed correction methods are compared to equation (1) for predicting NPSHr speed dependence.

These sources also provide physical reasoning for using equations derived from empirical data when predicting NPSHr at speeds lower than the test speed.

4.0 ANALYSIS Equation (1), has been endorsed in several centrifugal pump books and papers on cavitation and has been termed as a conservative approach to NPSHr speed correction when adjusting for higher speeds because it tends to overestimate NPSHr. As an example of the application of equation (1) for increased pump speed, consider that at [[ ]], test curves for the Monticello RHR pumps show an NPSHr of [[ ]] at a test speed of [[ ]]. A

[[ ]] increase in pump nominal speed equals [[ ]]. In equation (1) we substitute this speed and obtain an NPSHr of [[ ]]. This is [[ ]] higher than the test NPSHr.

For predicting NPSHr at speeds below the test speed, equation (1) tends to underestimate NPSHr. This can lead to pumps experiencing degraded performance due to cavitation if the NPSHa provided by the plant is insufficient due to an optimistic prediction of the pump NPSHr at a reduced speed. For estimating NPSHr under certain conditions (e.g. speed reduction)

HI/ANSI 1.6 standard allows the use of empirical data obtained by respective pump manufacturers. Johann Gulich's book; Centrifugal Pumps [2], uses test data from eight pump 3/4

E12.5.1910 Task 2 - Pump Speed Correction MONTICELLO -RHR & CS PUMPS manufacturers for developing an equation for lower speed NPSHr prediction.

Gulich's Equation:

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§ n2

  • x

§ NPSH 3

  • NPSH 2 ¨ ¸ u NPSH 1 , where x (exponent) = 2 u ¨¨ ¸ , ---- (2)

¸

© n1 ¹ © NPSH ref ¹ Where, NPSHref = 20 m.

If we use Gulich's equation (2) above, that is based on empirical data, to predict the NPSHr at

° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° we would obtain x = ° ° ° ° ° ° ° and new NPSHr as ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° less than the ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° predicted by equation (1). This illustrates that the use of exponent 2 (square law approach) is a conservative approach when correcting NPSHr for higher operating speeds.

5.0 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION For speed variations of ° ° ° ° ° ° ° of the test speed, the HI/ANSI 1.6 2000 square law equation is suitable for determining changes in NPSHr for speed increases for the RHR and CS pumps. For speed decreases, an empirical correlation such as that prescribed by Gulich is recommended.

6.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1]: ANSI/HI 1.6, 2000, American National Standard for Centrifugal Pump Tests

[2]: Centrifugal Pumps, Johann Gulich, 2nd Edition.

[3]: Centrifugal Pumps Book, Stepanoff.

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