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NRC-2018-000831 - Resp 8 - Interim, Agency Records Subject to the Request Are Enclosed, Part 3 of 3
	ML20339A433
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Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following.

From: Audrain, Margaret Sent: Thu, 30 Aug 2018 18:21:46 +0000 To: Tregoning, Robert Cc: Hiser, Matthew;Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

JNRA Meeting Sept 2018 Harvesting.pptx Attachments: JNRA Meeting Sept 2018 Harvesting.pptx

Rob, Please see attached for the harvesting presentation . I added the harvesting needs slides, as discussed . Feel free to make edits or let me know if you want something changed .

Thanks ,

Meg

7 U.S.NRC United Stues Nuclear Rcgubtory Commission The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author

' Protectin,r Ptopk and tht Environment not necessarily those of the U.S. NRC.

Motivation ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

US utilities are interested in extending operating lifespans from to 60-80 years:

Key technical areas for aging management:

RPV embrittlement, irradiation-assisted degradation of internals, concrete structures and containment, electrical cables

Many plant shutdowns worldwide provide opportunities to harvest components during decommissioning

Harvesting can provide valuable information on aging mechanisms to increase confidence in aging management

Limited budgets make cooperation for new research, including harvesting, essential:

Important to align interested parties

Leverage resources for maximum benefit

NRC Harvesting Experience ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

NRC has participated in several programs:

RPV, CRDM penetrations, RCS piping, RPV internals, neutron absorbers, and cables

Materials harvested from unfmished, operating and decommissioning plants

US and international programs

NRC experience is there is significant value in using harvested components to confirm data from other research programs

Lessons Learned ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Technical

Provides highly representative aged materials for research

Important to gain as much information as possible before committing to specific harvesting project

Logistical

Expensive and time-consuming effort

Leveraging resources helps mitigate cost challenges

Transportation of irradiated materials is cumbersome and time-consuming

Current Work ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Develop strategic approach to materials harvesting

Past efforts have been reactive to individual plants shutting down

Prioritize data needs best addressed by harvesting, considering:

Applicability of harvested material for addressing gaps

Importance of harvested materials over laboratory aging

Fleet-wide vs plant-specific applicability of data

Regulatory considerations

Harvesting cost/complexity

Database for Sources of Materials

Compilation of previously harvested materials available at US national labs as well as those available for future harvesting

NRC is interested in engaging with other organization

developing the database J

Needs - Metals ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

RPV High fluence & high shift vessel with well-established unirradiated properties (or a means to estimate them)

Through thickness section to validate fluence & attenuation models

Measure fluence, toughness, & chemistry as a function of through-thickness position Samples from virtually any vessel

Of sufficient size to enable measurement of both the Charpy transition curve and master curve transition temperature T 0

This testing

- Enables demonstration of the conservatism of regulatory approaches for transition temperature prediction

- Provides data supporting evolution from the use of correlative (Charpy-based) to direct measurement (fracture toughness-based) approaches

Needs - Metals ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

CASS and Internals High fluence reactor internals

>50 dpa 304 SS from high core outlet temp plant

Bounding temperature and high fluence for void swelling Thermally aged unirradiated CASS

>30 years at -,320° C; Validate accelerated aging data Moderate fluence ( 1-2 dpa) CASS

Bolster technical basis for embrittlement in this fluence range

Components with known flaws

- Example: weld overlays over known flaws

NDE evaluations or to assess effectiveness of mitigation techniques

Components with limiting fatigue life

- Confirm fatigue calculations are accurate b i *ng

Needs - Electrical ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Cables

- Low and medium voltage cables

- Cables protected with fire retardant coating

Electrical components IE MOVs from harsh and mild environments IE Air operated valves; 4160 IE breakers IE Molded case breakers 480V, 250V DC, 125 VDC, 1E Relays from mild environment GE - HFA, Agastat timing relays, any from Westinghouse, Potter Brumfield, Stuthers Dunn etc.,

Electrical penetrations; Batteries

Fire research interest Electrical enclosures

Distribution: switchgear, MCCs, LCs I Control: Horseshoe, SSC ._,____,..,....

Needs - Concrete ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Structures exposed to high radiation

Post-tensioned structures

Corrosion of reinforcing steel, tendon, liner, embedment

Spent fuel pool and transfer canal-boric acid attack on concrete inPWRs

Alkali Aggregate Reaction

Large structural sections for testing

Conclusion ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Harvesting can yield highly representative and valuable data on materials aging

A focused approach to choosing harvested materials is necessary to get best outcomes

NRC is working on a sources of materials database and prioritizing data needs based on relevant criteria to inform decisions on specific harvesting opportunities

NRC welcomes opportunities for cooperation and levera with other interested research organizations

Discussion ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Has the planned work on harvesting RPV materials and concrete from Hamaoka 1 been completed?

Can those results be shared with NRC?

Does JNRA/CRIEPI have any other harvesting programs in progress or planned?

If so, any information that can be shared?

If still being planned, is there interest in additional partners?

Would there be interest in participating if a harvesting project was identified in the US or another country?

Should we reach out to JNRA if other harvesting,_.._

opportunities develop?

Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following.

From: Audrain, Margaret Sent: Tue, 28 Aug 2018 17:54:03 +0000 To: Hiser, Matthew;Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

JNRA Meeting Sept 2018.pptx Attachments: JNRA Meeting Sept 2018.pptx Matt and Pat, Please take a look at the attached presentation for Rob 's harvesting meeting. In particular, let me know if there's any additional information you think we should ask Rob to discuss in the meeting (last rdel . .If possible, please have this to me by COB Thursday so I can get it to Rob before I go on . (b)(o) _

Thanks ,

Meg

7 U.S.NRC United Stues Nuclear Rcgubtory Commission The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author

' Protectin,r Ptopk and tht Environment not necessarily those of the U.S. NRC.

Motivation ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Interest in extending lifespan to 60-80 years

Need to understand aging mechanisms

Key areas: RPV embrittlement, IASCC of internals, concrete structures and containment degradation and electrical cables

Announced plant shut downs worldwide -

opportunities to harvest in situ components

Limited budgets have restricted new research, including harvesting

Important to align interested parties

Leverage resources for maximum benefit J

NRC Harvesting Experience ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

NRC has participated in several programs:

RPV, CRDM penetrations, RCS piping, RPV internals, neutron absorbers, and cables

Materials harvested from unfinished, operating and decommissioning plants

US and international programs

Determined significant value in using harvesting components to confirm data from other research programs

Lessons Learned ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Technical

Provides highly representative ages materials for research

Important to gain as much information as possible before committing to specific harvesting project

Logistical

Expensive and time-consuming effort

Leveraging resources helps mitigate cost challenges

Transportation of irradiated materials is cumbersome and time-consuming

Current Work ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Develop strategic approach to materials harvesting

Past efforts have been reactive to individual plants shutting down

Prioritize data needs best addressed by harvesting, considering:

Applicability of harvested material for addressing gaps

Importance of harvested materials over laboratory aging

Fleet-wide vs plant-specific applicability of data

Regulatory considerations

Harvesting cost/complexity

Database for Sources of Materials

Compilation of available materials at US national labs

Eventually include materials previously harvested and available for future harvesting

NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations in developing the database

Conclusion ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Harvesting can yield highly representative and valuable data on materials aging

A focused approach to choosing harvested materials is necessary to get best outcomes

NRC is working on a Sources of Materials Database and a Data Needs Prioritization scheme

NRC welcomes opportunities for cooperation and leveraging with other interested research organizations

Discussion ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

What (if any) activities are currently being undertaken in Japan for materials harvesting?

Does Japan have an interest in harvesting? If so, what areas are considered most important?

Would there be interest in leveraging resources if a harvesting project was identified?

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Thu, 18 Feb 2016 17:27:38 +0000 To: Gardocki, Stanley Cc: Hull, Amy;Obodoako, Aloysius;Tregoning, Robert; Frankl, Istvan

Subject:

LTRP SECY Hi Stan ,

Per our discussion, for the harvesting LTRP , please marked it as OPEN, not closed , and replace the final paragraph with the text below:

This research began in 2015 under a contract wit h Pacific Northwest Nationa l Laboratory for planned completion in 2017 . The project is ongoing with three reports to be delivered in 2016 and 2017 . This initial scoping study focuses on a literature review of data needs and a strategic pla n for capturing important information for harvesting opportun ities.

Thanks!

Matt Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US uclear Regulatory Commission I Office of uclear Regulatory Research Division of Engineering I Corrosion and Metallurgy Branch Phone: 301-415-2454 I Office: TWFN 10D62 Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov

Subject:

Materials Harvesting Workshop Location: HQ-3WFN-1 C03-32p Start: Tue 3/7/2017 8:00 AM End: Tue 3/7/2017 5:00 PM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Resources: HQ-3WFN-1 C03-32p

Subject:

Materials Harvesting Location: T10D40 Start: Wed 5/16/2018 9:00 AM End: Wed 5/16/2018 10:00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesPurtscher, Patrick; Tregoning, Robert; Audrain, Mairgaret; Sircar, Madhumita; Pires, Jose; Koshy, Thomas; Murdock, Darrell; Philip, Jacob Rescheduling for hopefully a better time for everyone.

We'd like to meet with electrical and concrete research staff to discuss the latest status of the materials harvesting activities under Task 2 of UNR NRR-2017-006.

The four topics we'd like to update you on I discuss in this meeting are:

1. CMB staff development of prioritization criteria for harvesting needs and lessons learned from exercising them for metals

2. CMB staff effort to development inventory of previously harvested materials already available at lab facilities

3. Latest status of harvesting plans for electrical and concrete components

4. Pulling relevant information from license renewal documents for decommissioning plants

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Tue, 17 Jan 201715 :22 :18 -0500 To: Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

Meeting Tomorrow w ith Pradeep Hi Pat, (6)

Feel free to give me a call at._l_ _ _ ___.lwhen you meet with him. I'll answer if I can.

Thanks!

Matt Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US uclear Regulatory Commission I Office of uclear Regulatory Research Division of Engineering I Corrosion and Metallurgy Branch Phone: 30 /-4 I 5-2454 I Office: TWFN I 0D62 Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov

From: Moyer, Carol Sent: Tue, 22 Nov 2016 23:14:17 +0000 To: Brock, Kathryn Cc: Boyce, Tom (RES)

Subject:

Notes from OIP discussion re: E. Bradley, IAEA

Kathryn, Last week, I met with Eric Freeman in OIP to discuss your upcoming trip to Vienna, and a side meeting you have scheduled with Ed Bradley. Eric showed me his position on an organizational chart, reporting to Mikhail Chudakov, Dep. Dir. General & Head of Dept. of Nuclear Energy. Eric compared Ed's role to that of an ET A.

Eric noted that NRC typically works with the Dept. of Nuclear Safety & Security (NS), rather than NE. But it seems that the informal wall has come down somewhat.

The question posed by Ed Bradley is whether NRC has work underway (or planned) for which IAEA could perform a coordinating role. If so, it is possible that our project could be merged into one of their coordinated research projects (CRPs). Benefits may include broader participation and sharing of information, both to benefit the research and to share the research results widely to those who may be able to apply them. CRPs come with elevated priority, commitment of funds, and defined length (usually ~3 yr), in contrast to relatively informal Practical Arrangements. Eric offered to ask Ed for a full list of CRPs already formed. I found that lists of active and proposed CRPs are already available on the IAEA website, here:

https://www.iaea.org/services/coordinated-research-activities http://cra.iaea.org/cra/explore-crps/all-active-by-programme.html http://cra.iaea.org/cra/explore-crps/all-opened-for-proposals.html Eric and I discussed several topics that might be candidates for CRPs or other cooperation with IAEA.

- SM Rs - Our EDO seems more inclined to work on the NEA front than IAEA on SM Rs, but we do have an expert on the SMR Regulators Forum.

- Knowledge management - Jody Hudson does some work for IAEA-NE related to KM.

- LTO / SLR - It is possible that IAEA could help with identifying and harvesting material from decommissioning plants.

o Belgium's SCK-CEN mentioned at the General Conference that they have a project to collect RPV specimens.

o M. Hiser says that our program with EPRI (ZIRP) is focused only on internals, not the RPV. Belgium's Tractabel is participating.

o Our attempts to get RPV material from Zion, and then from Zorita , fell through. He is not sure, however, of the priority for this. If it is interesting, this is a possible topic for international collaboration.

o NRC is planning a workshop on ex-plant material harvesting, during the week of March 6, 2017.

In addition to CRPs, Eric mentioned another avenue for collaboration may be to host a workshop. He noted a perception that IAEA-hosted workshops often do not garner much

interest. Member State-hosted workshops organized under IAEA, however, seem to achieve a higher profile. Eric suggested we think about opportunities and topics for this.

Carol

From: Iyengar, Raj Sent: Thu, 29 Oct 2015 16:10:11-0400 To: Tregoning, Robert;Kirk, Mark;Fairbanks, Carolyn;Hull, Amy;Medoff, James;Min, Seung;Cheruvenki, Ganesh;Purtscher, Patrick;Rao, Appajosula; Brady, Bennett;Burton, William;Rudland, David;Frankl, lstvan;Yoo, Mark;Holston, William;Allik, Brian;Thomas, Brian;Brock, Kathryn;Hiser, Allen;Jones, Heather;Billoch, Araceli;Gordon, Matthew;Hiser, Matthew

Subject:

Notes from the Phone-Call with DOE/EPRI on Metals Topics

All, Thank you very much for participating and supporting the discussion with DOE/EPRI on the metals topics.

Follow-up items:

INTERNALS

1) ORNL to provide report and presentation on environmentally-assisted fatigue research activity.

2) EPRI to reach out to NRC on ideas/proposals related to modeling of fracture toughness in two-phase materials undergoing irradiation.

3) EPRI to provide information on the research activities related to X750.

4) NRC to engage EPRI and DOE on the ex-plant harvesting activity sometime during the first quarter of CY2016. This topic will not be part of the upcoming (to be scheduled) deep-dive discussion on aging of core internals and piping .

RPV LATE BLOOMING PHASES PRESENTATION

1) RES and NRR technical staff to have an internal meeting on the next steps in developing a technical position on the LBP issue. A possible meeting with EPRI (Robin) on this topic during mid-January 2016.

2) ORNL (Keith) to provide responses to staff's questions.

Thanks so much.

Raj

!Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following .

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Tue, 12 Jul 2016 21 :13:14 +0000 To: Hull, Amy;Purtscher, Patrick;Tregoning, Robert

Subject:

NRAJ Bilateral Meeting Presentation on Harvesting Attachments: Harvesting Efforts NRAJ Bilateral 7-12-16.pptx Hi Amy, Pat, and Rob, I've pulled together a few slides for discussion of the harvesting program at the NRAJ meeting next month.

Please take a look and provide any comments or edits .

Thanks!

Matt

United S121cs Nucle2r R,g ul21ory Commissio n Proucting People and the Environment

Purpose ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Create a framework for a strategic approach to harvesting ex-plant materials to support regulatory needs associated with subsequent license renewal (SLR)

- Ex-plant materials offer unique environmental exposure that cannot be entirely replicated by laboratory testing with fresh materials

Align high priority data needs identified in SLR activities with harvesting opportunities from decommissioning plants

Background ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

To date, harvesting opportunities have been limited due to few decommissioning plants

- Zion in U.S., Zorita in Spain

However, several U.S. plants have already shut down or are planning to do so in the near future

- Kewaunee, San Onofre, Crystal River, Vermont Yankee, Oyster Creek, Fort Calhoun, Clinton, Quad Cities, Diablo Canyon

This provides a unique opportunity to plan harvesting to address the highest priority technical and regulatory is

Harvesting Experience ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Past harvesting efforts have generally involved reactive decision-making

- Limited opportunities to acquire ex-plant materials

- Limited strategic planning for harvesting

Harvesting projects with NRC involvement:

- Reactors internal materials from Zorita

- Concrete from Zorita

- Neutron absorber material from Zion

- Cables from Zion and Crystal River

Zorita Interna Is Research ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment Project Timeline Task 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Project Inception .t Feasibility Study Project Planning Cutting Plans Equipment Design & Manufacturing On-site Preparations Material Extraction I On-site Logistics Shipping Radiation and Temperature Analyses Material Inspection, Inventory, Documentation I Materials Testing I Reporting ,r

Approach: Assessment of Technical Issues ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Available Materials for Harvesting Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Utilize various sources of technical information with respect to anticipated degradation in NPPs out to 80 years of operation

- NRC, DOE, EPRI, IAEA

Identify high-priority data needs that could be addressed through harvesting ex-plant materials

- Focus on identifying characteristics of important systems, structures, and components (SSCs) for harvesting

Gather information on ex-plant material expected to be available based on identified needs

- May be from both operating and decommissioning _r=Pflll...-

Implementation ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

What might the output of this activity look like?

- For example, the review may show there is value in acquiring CASS material around 15% delta ferrite with various dose ranges

(<0.08 dpa, 1-3 dpa, and >5 dpa)

Once that need is identified, this activity would identify what SSCs might be the best candidates for harvesting

- For example, perhaps lower support columns would be identified as the ideal SSC to address the CASS data need

As decommissioning plants announce their plans, there is a clear list of SSCs and their characteristics (metallurgy, temperature, fluence, etc.) that would be desired t address the data need

Current N RC Activities ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

NRC is working with Pacific Northwest National Lab (PNNL) to identify technical issues that may be best addressed by ex-plant harvesting

- Focused on unique value of harvesting to understand material properties in difficult to replicate environments

NRC also seeking interest from other stakeholders to better understand availability of materials for harvesting

- Considering a public workshop in fall 2016

- Stakeholders include EPRI, DOE, U.S. industry, international partners

~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment Questions?

~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment Backup Slides

Neutron Absorbers from Zion ~.!L?..:~!!-~ Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Materials Harvested:

- Select Bora I NAM panels from Regions 1 and 2 of the Zion SFP

Scope:

- Visual and microstructural examinations (incl. areal density)

- Corrosion testing

Purpose:

- Identify degradation mechanisms and estimate degradation rate

- Confirm results of in-situ areal density measurements

- Provide confirmatory data to support regulatory decision-making

Timeline:

- Initial discussions in 2014, harvesting in 2015, testing in 2015-2016

Coordination:

- EPRI, ZionSolutions, SRNL

Zorita Internals Research Project (ZIRP) ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Materials Harvested:

- Baffle plate and core barrel weld materials ' '

Scope: 0 0 0 0,0 0 0 0 0 Jo' Jo '

- Mechanical testing (tensile, CGR, FT) I '

I' I'

- Microstructural characterization (void I' I' I' swelling) .I I' I'

Purpose:

0 0 0 010 0 0 0 0 010 oIo

- High-fluence (up to 50 dpa) IAD effects with I' I' representative LWR exposure conditions to I' I'

- Support regulatory decision-making o o o o olo o o o o , ~ o - o:

associated with SLR I. I* I* I.

Timeline:

- Initial discussions in 2006, harvesting in 2013, testing ongoing through 2016 oooo°i°oooo ~:**

.I J_..I I . i I

Coordination:

- EPRI, international consortium, Studsvik, Halden

Concrete from Zorita (Plan) ~.!L?..:~!!-~ Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Materials Harvested:

- Concrete from structures that are in close proximity to RPV

Scope:

- Mechanical testing (compressive, tensile, modulus of elasticity)

- Microstructural characterization

- Physical change

Purpose:

- High fluence in combination with temperature and humidity that are representative of LWR environmental effects on structural and shielding performance

- Supports regulatory decision-making associated with SLR

Timeline:

- Initial discussions in 2014, harvesting in 2015, testing 2016-

Coordination:

- NRC, ENRESA and CSN

Cables: Zion and Crystal River ~ U.S.NRC Un ited States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peopl.e and the Environment

Materials Harvested:

- Low and Medium Voltage Cables

Scope:

- Condition monitoring to assess cable performance under normal operating conditions (accelerated aging) and accident conditions

Purpose:

- Cable degradation due to normal operating environment and accident conditions

- Supports regulatory decision-making associated with SLR

Timeline:

- Initial discussions in 2012; Cable samples harvested from Zion in 2013

- Plan is to harvest additional samples from Crystal River and Zion in 2015

- Testing expected to be completed in 2017

Coordination:

- ORNL, Zion Solutions, NIST, EPRI

Note to requester: Attachments are immediately following.

From: Tregoning, Robert Sent: Tue, 13 Dec 2016 21:09:04 +0000 To: *:J:&* -f~*

Subject:

NRC Harvesting Workshop Attachments: Harvesting Workshop Announcement.docx, Condensed Workshop Agenda 12-12-16.docx Kazu:

As discussed in our August meeting, we're holding a workshop on harvesting in March of 2017.

I just sent the following announcement to Olli Nevander to distribute to CSNI members:

On March 7 - 8, 2016, the U.S. NRC, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), is hosting an invited workshop on Material and Component Harvesting in Rockville, MD, USA. Harvesting is the extraction of materials, components, or structures from either operational or decommissioned nuclear plants. There is a long history of research programs using harvested materials. Often, these programs are complicated, costly, and risky, and there is a danger that the knowledge gained by the research is not justified by the effort and cost involved. In the near future, there will be more opportunities to obtain harvested materials from nuclear plants, both in the U.S. and internationally. The objective of the workshop is to identify technical needs best addressed by harvesting, identify possible sources of harvested materials, summarize lessons-learned and practical aspects of harvesting programs, and ultimately outline a process for developing a more efficient plan for harvesting materials.

An announcement for the workshop and a condensed agenda is attached. Please contact Rob Tregoning (rlt@nrc.gov), if you are interested in getting more information about the workshop or possibly contributing to the discussion.

Please contact me if you're interested in attending or would like to discuss further. I think it would be good to get a perspective from Asia on some of these topics so it would be good to discuss the best way to do this.

Warm regards, Rob Robert Tregoning Technical Advisor for Materials US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Two White Flint North, M/S T-10 A36 11545 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852-2738 ph: 301-415-2324 fax: 301-415-6671

Ex-Plant Materials Harvesting Workshop Location: NRC Headquarters in Rockville, MD, USA Dates: March 7-8, 2017 Motivation:

There are increasing opportunities to harvest the safety-critical components from decommissioning plants, both domestic and international.

The harvested materials are valuable because they have been exposed to actual in-service plant operating conditions (temperature, irradiation ,

coolant, etc.), unlike virgin materials tested under simulated conditions in the lab.

Data from ex-plant materials should help address technical gaps identified for extended operation of nuclear power plants due to highly relevant aging conditions.

Purpose and Objective:

For NRC staff and interested stakeholders to have greater awareness and knowledge of the benefits and challenges associated with ex-plant harvesting.

Facilitate contacts and communication to enable Q O O O O 0 specific cooperative ex-plant harvesting programs to be initiated.

Workshop Topics: .. , . 'i.. "

Harvesting decision-making and prioritization o Technical data needs best addressed by harvesting o Technical information needed in advance of harvesting

Sources of materials:

o Decommissioning reactors o Operating reactors - replaced components o Previous harvesting programs - "boneyards" o Tracking availlable materials

Harvesting process o Lessons learned from harvesting experience o Perspective of utility-owner and decommissioning contractor on harvesting o Communication and coordination between decommissioning and researchers

International collaborative programs on specific components at specific plants Workshop will consist of solicited presentations followed by discussion periods. If interested in attending or learning more about the workshop, please reach out to the contacts below.

Contacts: Robert Tregoning, Robert.Tregoning@nrc.gov Matthew Hiser, Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov Patrick Purtscher, Patrick.Purtscher@nrc.gov

Draft Agenda - March 7-8, 2017 Harvesting Workshop Tuesday, March 7, 2017 Introduction

Overview of workshop purpose and objectives Session 1: Motivation for Harvesting

Solicited presentations from EPRI , DOE, NRC, and international organizations followed by panel discussion Session 2: Technical data needs best addressed by harvesting

Solicited presentations from EPRI , DOE, NRC, and international organizations followed by open discussion Session 3: Sources of Materials

Solicited presentations from EPRI, DOE, NRC, and international organizations followed by open discussion Wednesday, March 8, 2017 Session 4: Harvesting Experience: Lessons learned and practical aspects

Solicited presentations from EPRI , DOE, NRC, U.S. utility, decommissioning companies, and international organizations followed by open discussion Session 5: Future Harvesting Program Planning

Solicited presentations from EPRI , DOE, NRC, and international organizations followed by open and panel discussion

Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following . Power Point comments are included on the page following the slide with the comments.

From: Tregoning, Robert Sent: Wed, 11 Oct 2017 04:59 :16 -0600 To: Hiser, Matthew Cc: Moyer, Carol;Hull, Amy;Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

NRC PLiM slides on Harvesting rlt).pptx Attachments: NRC PLiM slides on Harvesting rlt).pptx Matt:

I have only a few comments (attached). I think the key messages are on point. My only real quibble is stylistic. The slides are basically a ton of words. It would be nice to have some representative graphics or illustrations of some of the points just to break up the words.

However, I know it can take time to develop/find good representative graphics and given our limited window, I don't know if you want to tackle this or not. At a minimum, I recommend eliminating many of the sub-bullets and sub-sub-bullets from the slides themselves and moving them to the talking points. This will help Allen out as well.

Good job with this on such short notice!

Rob Robert Tregoning Technical Advisor for Materials US Nuclear Regulatory Commiss ion Two White Flint North, M/S T-10 A36 11545 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852-2738 ph : 301-415-2324 fax : 301-415-6671

~ U.S.NRC United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Protecting Peop/,e and the Environment Harvesting of Aged Materials from Operating and Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants M. Hisera, P. Purtschera, P. Ramuhallib, A. B. Hulla, R. Tregoninga au.s. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Washington, D.C., USA bpacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA

Outline

Background and Motivation

N RC Harvesting Experience

Recent N RC Activities

- Criteria for Prioritizing Data Needs

- Database for Sources of Materials

Path Forward 2 ~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Background and Motivation

Recent trends in global nuclear industry:

Interest in extending nuclear power plant (NPP) lifespans

Technical basis for managing aging of systems, structures, and components for longer time Numerous NPPs, both in U.S. and internationally, have announced plans to or already have shut down

New opportunities for harvesting components that were aged in representative light water reactor (LWR) environments

Limited budgets have restricted the resources available to support new research, including harvesting programs

- Aligning interests and leveraging with other organizations is important to maximize value

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

NRC Harvesting Experience

N RC has participated in numerous harvesting programs over the years:

RPV, CROM penetrations, RCS piping, RPV internals, neutron absorbers, and cables 7

From operating and decommissioning plants in U.S. and ITRI i nternationa Ily

Significant value in using harvested components to confirm data from other research programs Harvesting materials from highly representative long-term aging environments increases confidence in safety margins

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Slide4 TR1 Also from plants which never began commercial operation Tregoning, Robert, 10/11/2017

Technical Lessons Learned

Harvesting can provide highly representative aged materials for research May be only practical source of representative aged materials, particularly if irradiation and temperature ITR3~ important factors

Achieving high fluence levels with representative irradiation conditions through other means is very challenging May be able to use limited harvested materials to validate larger accelerated aging data set

Important to gain as much information as possible in advance before committing to specific harvesting project Ideally a bounding, yet realistic, material/environment Understand material information (CMTRs if available) and plant operating conditions 3 ~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Slide 5 TR3 t emperature can be simulated easily; it's long-term, slow acting environmental stressors that are the challenge Tregoning, Robert, 10/11/2017

Logistical Lessons Learned

Harvesting is an expensive, time-consuming effort

- Must balance cost with potential benefits carefully

- High technical relevance of materials is needed to ensure value

Leveraging resources with other research organizations helps mitigate cost cha I lenges Can introduce challenges for testing when aligning research priorities and interests of multiple organizations May be needed, particularly for expensive testing of irradiated materials

Transporting irradiated materials, particularly internationally, is cumbersome and time-consuming Avoiding extra transport, especially between countries, is highly recommended

~ U.S.NRC 5 Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Recent N RC Activities

Strategic approach to materials harvesting

- Due to limited opportunities, past harvesting efforts have generally been reactive to individual plants shutting down

Prioritize the data needs best addressed by harvesting

- Criteria for harvesting prioritization developed by PN NL

Workshop held in March 2017 at NRC HQ to discuss all aspects of harvesting with other interested stakeholders

- Good discussion of experience, including challenges and pitfalls, from those with firsthand knowledge

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Potential Criteria for Harvesting Prioritization

Applicability of harvested material for addressing critical gaps

- Harvesting for critical gaps prioritized over less essential technical gaps

Ease of laboratory replication of the degradation scenario

- For example, simultaneous thermal and irradiation conditions are difficult to replicate

Unique field aspects of degradation

- For example, unusual operating experience or legacy materials (fabrication methods, etc.) no longer available

Fleet-wide vs. plant-specific applicability of data

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Potential Criteria for Harvesting Prioritization

Harvesting cost and complexity

- For example, harvesting unirradiated concrete or electrical cables less expensive and less complex than harvesting from the reactor internals

Availability of reliable in-service inspection (ISi) techniques for the material/ component

- If mature inspection methods exist and are easy to apply, harvesting may be less valuable

Availability of materials for harvesting

Timeliness of the expected research results relative to the objective

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Database for Sources of Materials

NRC is pursuing the development of a database for sources of materials for harvesting

- Includes both previously harvested materials and those available for future harvesting

Allow for aligning of high-priority data needs to the available sources of materials

- The level of detail should be appropriate for the factors influencing decision-making

NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations in developing the database

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

Conclusion and Path Forward

Harvesting can yield highly representative and valuable data on materials aging

- Having a clearly defined objective and early engagement with other stakeholders are keys to success

Data Needs Prioritization and Sources of Materials Database

- N RC is interested in working with other organ izations to identify high-priority data needs of common interest

As specific harvesting opportunities are identified, NRC welcomes opportunities for cooperation and leveraging with other interested research organizations

~ U.S.NRC Unimi Sta[t.J S11dC'ar R.t-gula,ory Commission Prot<<:ting Pnlpk and tlw £nuiro111M11-t

From: Tregoning, Robert Sent: Fri, 24 Aug 2018 19:43:01 +0000 To: Audrain, M argaret; Hiser, Matthew;Pu rtscher, Patrick Cc: Frankl, Istvan

Subject:

NRC/JNRA meeting during week of 9/17 Importance: High Meg/Matt/Pat:

Chris Regan and I are traveling to Japan in mid-September to meet with JNRA as part of our biannual materials research exchange. One of the agenda topics is material harvesting. In preparation for the meeting, I am hoping that you can provide me with slides that summarize the state of our research activities and near-term plans. I'm hoping that much, if not all of this information will come from recycled talks and not require much add itional burden on your end.

I'd also like you to consider the following questions related to RPV integrity:

1. What information would you like to get from JNRA?

2. What actions (e.g., future information, commitments, data sharing) would you like to see arise from this meeting?

You could include your questions for 1 and 2 as part of your presentation or you could simply send them to me in advance of the meeting.

I'm requesting that you provide me with this information by COB on 9/7. This will give me a week before the trip to make sure that we're aligned on the topic. I think it would be good if one of you coord inates all the input and I'm recommending Meg (since I'm going to hit Matt up on IAD) ©, but please just let me know you guys decide as lead for this request.

Thanks so much for your help on this. Please let me know if you have further questions as well.

Cheers, Rob Robert Tregoning Technical Advisor for Materials US Nuclear Regulatory Comm ission Two White Flint North, M/S T-10 A36 11545 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852-2738 ph: 301-415-2324 fax: 301-415-6671

Subject:

NSUF Specimen Library Location: Tel econ: 888-677-8615 passcode:._!__*_* * .L(b)(?.)

Start: Thu 11/9/2017 1:00 PM End: Thu 11/9/2017 2:00 PM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesJackson, John Howard; 'kelly.cunningham@inl.gov'; Purtscher, Patrick; Tregoning, Robert; Audrain, Margaret; Simon Martin Pimblott Updated with bridge line info.

Dear John and Kelly,

Would you be available sometime later this week or next week for a call to discuss the NSUF NFML and how it may be possible to coordinate with our ex-plant harvesting effort here at NRC?

Hopefully, you recall the harvesting workshop that NRC hosted back in March. As a first step on a database for sources of materials, we're looking to reach out in the near future to a few national labs regarding their "boneyards" of previously harvested materials. We hoped to discuss what lessons you may have learned from developing the NFML as well as any synergies that could exist with our harvesting efforts.

Thanks!

Matt

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Location: HQ-OWFN-09B02- 12p Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following.

Sta rt: Wed 3/16/2016 10:00 AM End: Wed 3/16/2016 11:00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Kalikian, Roger; Obodoako, Aloysius Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen; McHale, John; Poehler, Jeffrey Resources: HQ-OWFN-09802- 12p

',, I I f ' , I 1

I II ' ' 11 , I ) **

Strategic Approach for Obtaining Material and Components Aging Information to Support Reactor Operation Beyond 60 years Agenda - NRG Task Group 10:00 am, Wednesday, March 16, 2016 OWFN-09B02 I. Task Group (NRR, RES, others) o

Purpose:

provide input to determine gaps for operation beyond 60 o key areas:

RPV at high fluence

IAD of internals and other components

concrete

electrical cable II. PNNL Work o scoping Study o evaluate relevant plant material projected to be available for harvesting o develop database of lowest knowledge of degradation with availability at plants o develop demo prototype taxonomy Ill. Public Workshop, Tentative Summer 2016 o purpose:

discuss industry experience from plant harvesting activities

discuss future planned activities IV. Develop Harvesting Plan o schedule of pliant decommissioning o strategic approach to interview and schedule for harvesting of SSCs o system design o SSC and environments o materials o records V. Questions

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Location: HQ-OWFN-09B02-12p Sta rt: Wed 3/16/2016 10:00 AM End: Wed 3/16/2016 11 :00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Kalikian, Roger; Obodoako, Aloysius Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen Resources: HQ-OWFN-09802- 12p Rescheduling based on timeline for examples for this group to review and discuss.

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Location: HQ-OWFN-09B06-12p Start: Wed 2/24/2016 9:00 AM End: Wed 2/24/2016 10:00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Stevens, Gary; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Ka likian, Roger Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen Resources: HQ-OWFN-09806- 12p Rescheduling based on timeline for examples for this group to review and discuss.

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Location: HQ-OWFN-09B02-12p Start: Wed 2/3/2016 10:00 AM End: Wed 2/3/2016 11 :00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Stevens, Gary; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Ka likian, Roger Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen Resources: HQ-OWFN-09802- 12p After talking with PNNL, let's push back one more week so they have time to provide some examples for this group to review and discuss.

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Location: HQ-OWFN-09B02-12p Start: Wed 1/27/2016 9:00 AM End: Wed 1/27/201610:00 AM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Stevens, Gary; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Ka likian, Roger Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen Resources: HQ-OWFN-09B02- 12p

Subject:

Placeholder for Harvesting WG Note to requester: Attachment is Location: HQ-OWFN-09B02-12p immediately following.

Start: Mon 3/21/2016 1:30 PM End: Mon 3/21/2016 2:30 PM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesHull, Amy; Obersoin, Greg; Collins, Jay; Litkett, Bernard; Tregoning, Robert; Kalikian, Roger; Obodoako, Aloysius Optional Attendees:Frankl, Istvan; Cumblidge, Stephen; McHale, John; Poehler, Jeffrey Resources: HQ-OWFN-09802- 12p Hi All, I apologize for the last-minute resched1Ule.

Aloysius Obodoako recently joined CMB and will be taking the lead for t his project (starting with this meeting), but he (b)(6) hasJ I* It looks like there is a time early next week t hat works well for almost everyone, so let's try for then.

Thanks!

Matt

,. , II I

1 i' II * ' 11 , I r **

Strategic Approach for Obtaining Material and Components Aging Information to Support Reactor Operation Beyond 60 years Agenda - NRG Task Group 10:00 am, Wednesday, March 16, 2016 OWFN-09B02 I. Task Group (NRR, RES, others) o

Purpose:

provide input to determine gaps for operation beyond 60 o key areas:

RPV at high fluence

IAD of internals and other components

concrete

electrical cable II. PNNL Work o scoping Study o evaluate relevant plant material projected to be available for harvesting o develop database of lowest knowledge of degradation with availability at plants o develop demo prototype taxonomy Ill. Public Workshop, Tentative Summer 2016 o purpose:

discuss industry experience from plant harvesting activities

discuss future planned activities IV. Develop Harvesting Plan o schedule of pliant decommissioning o strategic approach to interview and schedule for harvesting of SSCs o system design o SSC and environments o materials o records V. Questions

From: Purtscher, Patrick Sent: Thu, 9 Nov 2017 10:20:41-0500 To: Hiser, IMatthew;Audrain, Margaret

Subject:

plan for meeting at ANL on harvesting Meet with ANL to brief them on our plans for harvesting:

BACKGROUND March 2017 workshop -

four main areas of consideration for extended service life: RPV, RVI, cables, & concrete PNNL report -

Lays out a procedure to optimize harvesting outcome, prioritize needs, survey of what's available GOALS for ANL meeting What does ANL have from past programs with NRC, DoE, or other source SGT program looked at tubes pulled from Maguire Omesh looked at CASS from Shippingport Doesn't have to be material from ex-plant with extensive service history. Example is FAVOR code for RPV embrittlement. Results from modeling and simulations are dependent on input of the flaws that could be present from fabrication . Sections of old, thick ferritic steel welds from structures with similar acceptance criteria but were never put into service provided important inputs that permitted the computer code to be validated.

A good example of where harvesting is important would be how the BWRVIP is responding to NRC concern for IGSCC mitigation with on-line noble chemistry program . They harvested samples from all regions of operating BWRs to demonstrate the distribution of noble metal particles within the whole system. The presence of a pattern of small, discrete deposits of noble metal particles would indicate good resistance to IGSCC. The individual samples by themselves were not that significant, but taken together, they show that there is effective mitigation in t hose areas of t he system where inspection relief is being requested.

OUTCOME We hope to assembly an inventory of available materials to consider for harvesting program liike that in INL USUF material library. Our emphasis is in the four areas outlined earlier, but not limited to those four. Future OpE can change the focus of harvesting needs very quickly.

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Thursday, November 09, 2017 8:01 AM To: Purtscher, Patrick <Patrick.1Purtscher@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: phone call with INL

Hi Pat, They've all accepted the meeting. I need to set up a bridge line, so you 'll see an update to the scheduler ...

Thanks!

Matt Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US uclear Regu latory Commission I Offi ce of Nuclear Regul atory Research Division of Engi neering I Corrosion and Metallurgy Branch Phone: 30 /-4 /5-2454 I Office: TWFN I0D62 Matthew.H iser@nrc.gov From: Purtscher, Patrick Sent: Thursday, November 09, 2017 8:00 AM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

phone call with INL What have you heard from INL about a phone call? I am working from home today but could call in .

Pat

Subject:

Planning/Setup for Harvesting Workshop Location: HQ-3WFN-1C03-32p Sta rt: Mon 3/6/2017 2:00 PM End: Mon 3/6/2017 4:00 PM Show Time As: Tentative Recurrence: (none)

Meeting Status: Not yet responded Organizer: Hiser, Matthew Required AttendeesTregoning, Robert; Purtscher, Patrick Resources: HQ-3WFN-1C03-32p

Note to requester: Attachment is immediately following . The attachment was also released in full in interim responses #2 and in #7.

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 18:25:38 +0000 To: Frankl, Istvan

Subject:

PliM Paper Attachme nts: IAEA PliM Hiser 10-20-2017.docx Hi Steve, I've attached the PliM harvesting paper (adapted from previous poster and slides). This has been reviewed by Rob and technical staff and all comments incorporated.

I've sent this to Gracie to start the concurrence package that can be signed on Monday, but wanted to share w ith you today in case that might expedite things on Monday. The deadline for PliM papers was Wednesday (two days ago), so I'd like to get it approved and submitted ASAP. (I'm not too worried about the paper being late given the extremely short timeframe we were given about the possibility of a paper just 10 days ago).

Thanks!

Matt

HARVESTING OF AGED MATERIALS FROM OPERATING AND DECOMMISSIONING UCLEAR POWER PLANTS M. Hiser, P. Purtscher, A. B. Hull, R. Tregoning U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of N uclear Regulatory Research Washington, DC Email: matthew.hiser@nrc.gov P. Ramuhalli Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA, USA Abstract Recent plans to shut down a number of nuclear power plants (NPPs) provide opportunities for harves ting components that were exposed 10 actual light water reactor (LWR) environments. Technical issues associated with extended plant operation, s uch as reactor pressure vessel (RPV) embrittlement, irradiation-assisted degradation of reactor internals a nd primary components, concrete structures and containment degradation, and eleci-rical cable aging, may be used to focus harvesting efforts on high- priority issues. Harvesting can provide highly representative aged materials for research a nd, in some cases, may be the only practical source of representative aged materials to address high-priority issues. Harvesting can be expe nsive and time-consuming, whic h makes it essential to focus on those technical needs with the highest importance and cooperate with multiple organizations whenever possible to optimally leverage resources. NRC is interested in e ngaging with other organizations 10 prioritize data needs for harvesting, identify areas of common interest, and develop a database for sources of materials for harvesting.

I . BAC KG ROUND Recent developments in the nuclear industry include stronger interest in extended plant operation and plans to shut down a number of nuclear power plants (NPPs). In the U.S., there is strong interest in extending NPP li fespans through subsequent license renewal (SLR) from 60 to 80 years [ I]. Further research may be required to understand age-related degradation throughout the SLR period to he lp ensure that aging management programs are adequate.

U.S. utilities and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) are focused on the aging of systems, structures, and components in four key technical areas: reactor pressure vessel ( RPV) embrinlement, irradiation-assisted degradation of reactor internals and primary components, concrete structures and contaimnent degradation, and electrical cable aging [2]. In recent years, a number ofNPPs, both in the U.S. and internationally, have shut down or announced plans to shut down. Unlike in the past when there were very few decommissioning plants, these plant shutdowns provide opportunities for harvesting components that were exposed to actual Iight water reactor (L WR) environments. Additionally, harvesting programs can be costly and complex. G iven these constraints, aligning interests and leveraging with other organizatio ns is important to allow maxi mum benefit and value for future research programs.

2. NRC EXPERI ENCE WITH HARVESTING N RC has significant experience with harvesting plant components and performing research on harvested materials to address technical issues. This experience includes a range of components from plants in various stages of operation both in the U.S. and internationally. Some of the harvesting projects that the NRC has participated in have studied the following materials or components:

RPV materials from the decommissioned Gundremmingen plant to s tudy fluence rate effects on RPV embrittlement [3],

Cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) materials from the decommissioned Shippingport reactor. to study CASS thermal embrittlement [4],

RPV materials from the unfinished or never-operated Shoreham and Midland plants to improve understanding of flaw distributions for RPV embrittlement concerns [5-6],

RPV bead control rod drive mechanism penetrations from the operating North Anna and Davis-Besse plants to study primary water s tress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) of nickel alloys and the effectiveness ofnon-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods (8- 12],

Reactor coolant system (RCS) piping nozzle weld materials from the operating V.C. Summer plant to study PWSCC of nickel alloys [I 1-12],

Reactor internals materials from the decommissioned Jose Cabrera (known as Zorita) plant to study high-fluence irradiation effects on stainless steel reactor internals materials [13],

Aluminum-based neutron-absorbing materials from the decommissioned Zion plant to study degradation in the spent fuel pool environment [ 14] ,

E lectrical cables from the decommissioned Zion and Crystal River plants to investigate cable degradation [ 15],

Electrical bus ducts from the decommissioned Zion plant to study high-e nergy arc fau lts in electrical enclosures [ 16].

As illustrated by these programs, NRC's experience is that harvest.ing has contributed s ignificantly to improved understanding of important technical issues for nuclear safety. For RPV materials, harvesting has increased knowledge of embrittlement mec hanisms and the underly ing flaw distributions in the RPV to a llow reduction in unnecessary conservatism. For nickel alloys, harvesting has improved understanding of PWSCC and the development of acceptable inspection intervals, while also increasing confidence in the ability of NOE methods to detect and c haracterize flaws. Finally, recent work on e lectrical enclosures has he lped to identify a potential new safety issue associated with high-energy arc fau lts in electrical components containing aluminum

[ 16].

3. NRC PERSPECTIVE AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM HARVESTING ACTIVITIES From NRC's perspective, a principal role of ha rvesting is to confitm other research results from s imulated aging conditions. In many situations, accelerated aging through higher nux test reactor irradiations or e levated temperatures can be used to generate significant data to understand aging effects in a more cost-effective manne r.

Limited harvesting e fforts of materials from actual service environments can help confirm the adequacy of the knowledge gained from accelerated aging studies, and thus increase the confidence in the broader knowledge base.

However, in certain s ituations, harvesting may be the only practical source of representative aged materials.

For example, achieving high tluence levels with representative irradiation conditions through accelerated aging can be very challe nging. Additionally, it is essential to gain as muc h information as possible regarding the materials and environment (tempe rature, tlue nce, irradiation conditions, chemistry, humidity, etc.) in advance before committing to a specific harvesting project s o that the implications of the results from evaluating the materials can be properly understood.

Pragmatically, harvesting can be expens ive, complex, and time-consuming; therefore, focus ing on technical needs of high importance will he lp ensure good value. Likewise, leveraging a nd cooperation among multiple organizations helps to mitigate cost c hallenges. It is also quite c halleng ing to transport irradiated materials, particularly inte rnationa lly, so minimizing or avoiding transportation of irradiated mate rials is highly recommended.

4. N RC ACTIVITIES ON HARVESTING NRC is potentially inte rested in harvesting materials to assess age-related degradation in the four technical areas identified previo us ly: reactor pressure vessel ( RPV) embrittlement, irradiation-assis ted degradation of reactor internals and primary components, concrete structures a nd containment degradation, and electrical cable aging [2]. The focus is to understand the impact of extended plant operation on material behavior, inc luding the effects of highe r tluences and longer exposures to aging conditions.

NR C has recently undertaken an effort, with the assistance of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), to develop a strategic a pproach for harvesting aged materials from NPPs. Past harvesting activities have been narrowly focused on the relatively few opportunities to get materials from decommissioning plants. Given the expected availability of materials from numerous plants and ide ntified research needs to better understand aging out to 80 years of operation, the NRC is developing a more proactive approach to prioritize the data needs best addressed by harvesting and identify the best sources of materials to address high-priority data needs for regulatory research.

5. PRIORITlZATION OF DATA NEEDS BEST ADDRESSED BY HARVESTING The first step in this strategic approach is to prioritize data needs for harvesting. A data need describes a particular degradation scenario ( i.e., combination of material and env ironment) and should be defined w ith as much detail as appropriate in terms of the material (e.g., alloy, composition) and environment (e.g., tempe rature, fluence, chemistry).

A number of criteria are being cons idered for prioritizing the harvesting da ta needs, including:

Applicability of harvested material for addressing critical gaps

Harvesting to address critical gaps should be prioritized over less essential technical gaps Ease of laboratory replication of the degradation scenario

Degradation mechanisms that are harder to replicate with simulated aging conditions would be of higher priority for harvesting. For example, simultaneous thermal and irradiation conditions are difficult to replicate outside of the plant environment. Alternatively, accelerated aging may not be feasible for a mechanism sensitive to dose rate. These two degradation mechanisms may be best evaluated using harvested materials.

Unique field aspects of degradation

For example, legacy materials (e.g. , fabrication methods, composition) that arc no longer available, but may play an important role in a potential degradation mechanism, would have a higher priority than harvesting materials that can be obtained from other sources.

Fleet-wide vs. plant-specific applicability of data

There is greater value in developing knowledge to address an issue that may be applicable to a larger number of plants compared to one that may only affect a relatively small number of plants.

Harvesting cost and complexity

Activities witJ1 higher costs and complexity are less attractive than similar activities with lower costs and that are simpler to execute.. For example, harvesting unirradiated concrete or electrical cables is less expensive and less complex than harvesting from the reactor internals or RPV.

Availability of reliable inspection methods for the degradation scenario

If mature inspection methods exist and arc easy to apply to monitor degradation, harvesting may be less valuable. If ins pection methods do not exist, harvesting may be essential to ensure confidence in the assessment of age-related degradation in that particular component.

T imeliness o f the expected research results

The ability of a potential harvesting program to provide timely results to support either a technical or regulatory need is important. Having high confidence that results will be timely increases the priority.

Availability of materials for harvesting

The availabi lity of materials to harvest fo r a particular data need is clearly essential and increases the priority.

The above potential criteria provide a systematic approach for prioritizing harvesting data needs. Different organizations may weigh these criteria differently, but the criteria are intended to be comprehensive. NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations to furth er refine these criteria, use them to prioritize data needs for harvesting, and ultimately identify areas of common interest that may provide optimal harvesting opportunities.

6. DATABASE OF SOURCES OF MATERIALS FOR HARVESTING The NRC is also developing a database that identities sources of materials for harvesting. T his database will include both previously harvested materials and those which may be available for future harvesting. This database will be used to align the high-priority harvesting needs to the available materials. As with the harvesting prioritization effort, the level of detail for the sources of materials database should be appropriate for the factors influencing decision-making. NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations to develop a database that identifies sources o f materials for harvesting.

7. CONCLUSIONS NRC's experience is that harvesting can yield highly representative and valuable knowledge about materials aging. However, these efforts may be expensive and challenging. Having a clearly defined objective and early engagement with other stakeholders, including the decommissioning plant where harvesting will take place, are necessary to ensure project success. As specific harvesting opportunities are identified through this strategic approach, the NRC will develop strategies for pursuing these opportunities. The NRC also welcomes collaboration from other interested research organizations both in developing the proactive harvesting strategy and in pursuing harvesting opportunities of mutual interest.

REFERENCES

[I] REMER, S . J., "NRC Commissioner Briefing on Subsequent License Renewal," NRC Commission meeting on April 26, 2017, https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/commission/slides/20 17/20 170426/ remer-20170426.pdf.

[2] U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, "Ongoing Staff Activities to Assess Regulatory Considerations for Power Reactor Subsequent License Renewal," SECY 0016, 2014, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML 1405/ML I 4050A306.pdf.

[3] HAWTHORNE, J.R., HISER, A.L., "Experimental Assessments ofGundrernmingen RPV Archive Material for Fluence Rate Effects Studies," NUREG/CR-5201 (MEA-2286), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, October 1988.

[4] CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J., "Mechanical Properties ofThermally Aged Cast Stainless Steels from Shippingport Reactor Components," NUREG/CR-6275 (ANL-94/37), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, April 1995.

[5] SCHUSTER, G. J., DOCTOR, S. R., CRAWFORD, S.L., PARDINI, A. F., "Characterization of Flaws in U.S. Reactor Pressure Vessels: Density and Distribution of Flaw l'ndications in the Shoreham Vessel," NUREG/CR-6471 Volume 3, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, November 1999.

[6] SCHUSTER, G. J., DOCTOR, S. R., PARDTNT, A.F., CRAWFORD, S.L., "Characterization of Flaws in U.S. Reactor Pressure Vessels: Validation of Flaw Density and Distribution in the Weld Metal of the PVRUF Vessel," NUREG/CR-647 1 Volume 2, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, August 2000.

[7] MCCABE, D.E., ET AL., "Evaluation ofWF-70 Weld Metal From the Midland Unit I Reactor Vessel," NUREG/CR-5736 (ORNL/TM-13748), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, November 2000.

[8] CUMBLIDGE, S.E., ET AL., "Nondestructive and Destructive Examination Studies on Rcmoved-from-Scrvice Control Rod Drive Mechanism Penetrations," NUREG/CR-6996, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, July 2009.

[9] CUMBLIDGE, S.E., ET AL., "Evaluation of Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction Data for Selected Control Rod Drive Nozzles from Davis Besse Nuclear Power Plant," PNNL-19362, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, April 2011.

[JO] CRAWFORD, S.L., ET AL., "Ultrasonic Phased Array Assessment of the Interference Fit and Leak Path of the North Anna Unit 2 Control Rod Drive Mechanism Nozzle 63 with Destructive Val idation," N UREG/CR-7 142 (PNN L-2 1547), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, August 2012.

[1 1] ALEXANDREANU, B., CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J., "Crack Growth Rates in a PWR Environment of Nickel Alloys from the Davis-Besse and V.C. Summer Power Plants," NUREG/CR-692 1 (AN L-05/55), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, November 2006.

[12] ALEXANDREANU, B., CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J ., "Crack Growth Rates and Metallographic Examinations of Alloy 600 and Alloy 82/182 from Field Components and Laboratory Materials Tested in PWR Environments," NUREG/CR-6964 (ANL-07/12), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, May 2008.

[13) BURKE, J. "Characterization of Irradiation-Assisted Degradation of Reactor Internals Materials,"

IAEA CRP Coordinated Research Meeting, 2014, Vienna, Austria, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML 1415/ML14153A403.pdf.

[14] U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, "Acquisition and Testing of Zion Spent Fuel Pool Neutron Absorber Materials," Addendum to Memorandum of Understanding between NRC and EPRI, 2014, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/MLl50 I/ MLI 50 15A02 I .pdf.

[I 5] FIFIELD, L.S., "Status Report and Research Plan for Cables Harvested from Crystal River Unit 3 Nuclear Generating Plant," PNNL-25833, September 201 6.

[16] GUTTER, J. G., " Path Forward for Regulatory Treatment of High-Energy Arcing Fault Tests Results that Involve A luminum," internal NRC memo, March 20 16, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML 1606/ML I 6064A250.pdf.

Note to requester: Attachments are immediately following.

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Mon, 11 Dec 2017 18:39 :24 +0000 To: Audrain, Margaret;Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

PliM Slides and Paper on Harvesting Attachments: IAEA PliM Harvesting Final.pdf, NRC PliM slides on Harvesting final.pdf Here you go - let me know if you have any questions.

Thanks!

Matt Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US uclear Regulatory Commission I Office of uclear Regulatory Research Division of Engineering I Con-osion and Metall urgy Branch Phone: 30 l-415-2454 I Office: TWFN I 0D62 Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov

HARVESTING OF AGED MATE RIALS FROM OPERATING AND DECOMMISSIONING NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS M. Hiser, P. Purtscher, A. B. Hull, R. Tregoning U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Office of N uclear Regulatory Research Washington, DC Email: matthew.hiser@nrc.gov P. Ramuhalli Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA, USA Abstract Recent plans to shut down a number of nuclear power plants (NPPs) provide opportunities for harvesting components that were exposed to actual light water reactor (LWR) environments. Technical issues associated with extended plant operation, such as r~ctor pressure vessel (RPV) embrittlement, irradiation-assisted degradation of reactor internals and primary components, concrete structures and containment degradation, and electrical cable aging, may be used to focus harvesting efforts on high-priority issues. Harvesting can provide highl y representative aged materials for research and, in some cases, may be the only practical source of representative aged materials to address high-priority issues. Harvesting can be expensive and time-consuming, which makes it essential to focus on those technical needs with the highest importance and cooperate with multiple organizations whenever possible to optimally leverage resources. NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations to prioritize data needs for harvesting, identify areas of common interest, and develop a database for sources of materials for harvesting.

1. BACKGROUND Recent developments in the nuclear industry include stronger interest in extended plant operation and plans to shut down a number of nuclear power plants (NPPs). In the U.S., there is stro ng interest in extending NPP lifespans through subsequent license renewal (SLR) from 60 to 80 years [ I]. Further research may be required to understand age-related degradation throughout the SLR period to help ensure that aging management programs are adequate.

U.S. utilities and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) arc focused on the aging of systems, structures, and components in four key technical areas: reactor pressure vessel ( RPV) embrittlement, irradiation-assisted degradation (!AD) o f RPV internals and primary components, concrete structures and containment degradation, and electrical cable aging [2]. In recent years, a number of NPPs, both in the U.S. and internationa lly, have s hut down or announced plans to s hut down. Unlike in the past when there were very few decommissioning plants, these plant shutdowns provide opportunities for harvesting components that were exposed to actual light water reactor (LWR) environments. Additionally, harvesting programs can be costly and complex. Given these constraints, aligning interests and leveraging with other organizations is important to allow maximum benefit and value for future research programs.

2. NRC EXPERIENCE WITH HARVESTING NRC bas significant experience with harvesting plant components and performi ng research on harvested materials to address technical issues. This experience includes a range of components from plants in various stages of operation both in the U.S. and internationally. Some of the harvesting projects that the NRC bas participated in have studied the following materials or components:

RPV materials from the decommissioned Gundremmingen plant to study fluence rate effects on RPV embrittlement [3),

Cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) materials from the decommissio ned Shippingport reactor. to study CASS thermal embrittlement [4],

RPV materials from the unfinished or never-operated Shoreham and Midland plants to improve understanding of flaw distributions for RPV embrittlement concerns (5-6],

RPV head control rod drive mechanism penetrations from the operating North Anna and Davis-Besse plants to study primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) of nickel alloys and the e ffectiveness of non-destructive evaluation (NOE) methods [8-12],

Reactor coolant system (RCS) piping nozzle weld materials from the operating V.C. Summer plant to study PWSCC of nickel alloys [ 11-12],

Reactor internals materials from the decommissioned Jose Cabrera (known as Zorita) plant to study high-fluence irradiation effects on stainless steel reactor internals materials [13),

Aluminum-based neutron-absorbing materials from the decommissioned Zion plant to study degradation in the spent fuel pool environment [ 14),

Electrical cables from the decommissioned Zion and Crystal River plants to investigate cable degradation [ 15),

Electrical bus ducts from the decommissioned Zion plant to study high-energy arc fau lts in electrical enclosures [ 16].

As illustrated by these programs, NRC's experience is that harvesting has contributed significantly to improved understanding of important technical issues for nuclear safety. For RPV materials, harvesting has increased knowledge of embrittlement mechanisms and the underlying flaw distributions in the RPV to allow reduction in unnecessary conservatism. For nickel alloys, harvesting has improved understanding of PWSCC and the development of acceptable inspection intervals, while also increasing confidence in the ability ofNDE methods to detect and characterize flaws. Finally, recent work on electrical enclosures has helped to identify a potential new safety issue associated with high-energy arc faults in electrical components containing aluminum

[ I 6).

3. NRC PERSPECTIVE AN D LESSONS LEARNED FROM HARVESTING ACTIVITlES From NRC's perspective, a principal role of harvesting is to confirm other research results from simulated aging conditions. In many situations, accelerated aging through higher flux test reactor irradiations or e levated temperatures can be used to generate significant data to understand aging effects in a more cost-effective manner.

Limited harvesting efforts of materials from actual service environments can help confirm the adequacy of the knowledge gained from accelerated aging studies, and thus increase the confidence in the broader knowledge base.

However, in certa in situations, harvesting may be the only practical source of representative aged materials.

For example, achieving high flucnce levels with representative irradiation conditions through accelerated aging can be very challenging. Additionally, it is essential to gain as much information as possible regarding the materials and environment (temperature, fluence, irradiation conditions, chemistry, humidity, etc.) in advance before committing to a specific harvesting project so that the implications of the results from evaluating the materials can be properly understood.

Pragmatically, harvesting can be expensive, complex, and time-consuming; therefore, focusing on technical needs of high importance will help ensure good value. Likewise, leveraging and cooperation among multiple organizations helps to mitigate cost challenges. It is also quite challenging to transport irradiated materials, particularly internationally, so minimizing or avoiding transportation of irradiated materials is highly recommended.

4. NRC ACTIVITIES ON HARVESTING NRC is potentially interested in harvesting materials to assess age-related degradation in the four technical areas identified previously: RPV embrittlement, lAD of RPV internals and primary components, concrete structures and containment degradation, and electrical cable aging [2). The focus is to understand the impact of extended plant operation on material behavior, including tbe effects of higher fluences and longer exposures to aging conditions.

NRC has recently undertaken an effort, with the assistance of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), to develop a strategic approach for harvesting aged materials from NPPs. Past harvesting activities have been narrowly focused on the relatively few opportunities to get materials from decommissioning plants. Given the expected availability of materials from numerous plants and identified research needs to better understand aging out to 80 years of operation, the NRC is developing a more proactive approach to prioritize the data needs best addressed by harvesting and identify the best sources of materials to address high-priority data needs for regulatory research.

5. PR1ORITIZATION OF DATA NEEDS BEST ADDRESSED BY HARVESTING The first step in this strategic approach is to prioritize data needs for harvesting. A data need describes a particular degradation scenario (i.e., combination of material and environment) and should be defined with as much detail as appropriate in terms of the material (e.g., alloy, composition) and environment (e.g., temperature, fluence, chemistry).

A number of criteria are being considered for prioritizing the harvesting data needs, including:

Applicability of harvested material for addressing critical gaps

Harvesting to address critical gaps should be prioritized over less essential technical gaps Ease of laboratory replication of the degradation scenario

Degradation mechanisms that are harder to replicate with simulated aging conditions would be of higher priority for harvesting. For example, simultaneous thermal and irradiation conditions are difficult to replicate outside of the plant environment. Alternatively, accelerated aging may not be feasible for a mechanism sensitive to dose rate. These two degradation mechanisms may be best evaluated using harvested materials.

Unique field aspects of degradation

For example, legacy materials (e.g., fabrication methods, composition) that are no longer available, but may play an important role in a potential degradation mechanism, would have a higher priority than harvesting materials that can be obtained from other sources.

Fleet-wide vs. plant-specific applicability of data

There is greater value in developing knowledge to address an issue that may be applicable to a larger number of plants compared to one that may only affect a relatively small number of plants.

Harvesting cost and complexity

Activities with higher cos ts and complexity are less attractive than similar activities with lower costs and that are simpler to execute.. For example, harvesting unirradiated concrete or electrical cables is less expensive and less complex than harvesting from the RPY internals or the R.PY.

Availability of reliable inspection methods for the degradation scenario

l.f mature inspection methods exist and are easy to apply to monitor degradation, harvesting may be less valuable. If inspection methods do not exist, harvesting may be essential to ensure confidence in the assessment of age-related degradation in that particula r component.

Timeliness of the expected research results

The ability of a potential harvesting program to provide timely results to support either a technical or regulatory need is important. Having high confidence that results will be timely increases the priority.

Availability of materials for harvesting

The availabi lity of materials to harvest fo r a particular data need is clearly essential and increases the priority.

The above potential criteria provide a systematic approach for prioritizing harvesting data needs. Different organizations may weigh these criteria differently, but the criteria are intended to be comprehensive. NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations to further refine these criteria, use them to prioritize data needs for harvesting, and ultimately identify areas of common interest that may provide optimal harvesting opportunities.

6. DATABASE OF SOURCES OF MATERJALS FOR HARVESTING NRC is interested in engaging with other organizations to develop a database that identifies sources of materials for harvesting. This database would include both previously harvested materials and those which may be available for future harvesting. This database would be used to align the high-priority harvesting needs to the available materials. As with the harvesting prioritization effort, the level of detail for the sources of materials database should be appropriate for the factors influencing decision-making.

7. CONCLUSIONS NRC's experience is that harvesting can yie ld highly representative and valuable knowledge about materials aging. However, these efforts may be expensive and challenging. Having a clearly defined objective and early engagement with other stakeholders, including the decommissioning plant where harvesting will take p lace, are necessary to ensure project success. As specific harvesting opportwlities are identified through this strategic approach, the NRC will develop strategies for pursuing these opportunities. The NRC also welcomes collaboration from other interested research organizations both in develop ing the proactive harvesting strategy and in pursuing harvesting opportunities of mutual interest.

REFERE CES

[I) REMER, S. J., "NRC Commissioner Briefing on Subsequent License Renewal," NRC Commission meeting on April 26, 2017, https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rrn/doc-collections/commission/slides/2017/20170426/remer-20170426.pdf.

[2) U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, "Ongoing Staff Activities to Assess Regulatory Considerations for Power Reactor Subsequent License Renewal," SECY- 14-0016, 2014, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML 1405/ML l 4050A306.pdf.

[3) HAWTHORNE, J.R., HISER, A.L., "Experimenta l Assessments ofGundremmingen RPV Archive Material for Fluencc Rate Effects Studies," NUREG/CR-5201 (MEA-2286), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, October I 988.

[4) CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J., "Mechanical Properties of Thermally Aged Cast Stainless Steels from Shippingport Reactor Components," NUREG/CR-6275 (ANL-94/37), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, April 1995.

[SJ SCHUSTER, G. J., DOCTOR, S. R., CRAWFORD, S.L. , PARDINI, A. F., "Characterization of Flaws in U.S. Reactor Pressure Vessels: Density and Distribution of Flaw Indications in the Shoreham Vessel," NUREG/CR-6471 Volume 3, U.S. Nuc lear Regulatory Commission, November 1999.

[6) SCHUST ER, G. J., DOCTOR, S. R., PARDINI, A.F., CRAWFORD, S.L., " Characterization of Flaws in U.S. Reactor Pressure Vessels: Validation of Flaw Density and Distribution in the Weld Metal of the PVRUF Vessel," NUREG/CR-647 1 Volume 2, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, August 2000.

[7) MCCABE, D.E., ET AL., "Evaluation ofWF-70 Weld Metal From the Midland Unit I Reactor Vessel," NUREG/CR-5736 (ORNUTM- 13748), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, November 2000.

[8) CUMBLIDGE, S.E., ET AL., "Nondestructive and Destructive Examination Studies on Removed-from-Service Control Rod Drive Mechanism Penetrations," NUREG/CR-6996, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, July 2009.

[9] CUMBLIDGE, S.E., ET AL., "Evaluation of Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction Data for Selected Control Rod Drive Nozzles from Davis Besse Nuclear Power Plant," PNNL-19362, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Apri l 20 11.

[10] C RAWFORD, S. L., ET AL., "Ultrasonic Phased Array Assess ment of the Interference Fit and Leak Path of the North Anna Unit 2 Control Rod Drive Mechanism Nozzle 63 with Destructive Validation," NUREG/CR-7142 (PNNL-2 1547), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, August 2012.

[11] ALEXANDREANU, B., CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J., "Crack Growth Rates in a PWR Environment of Nickel Alloys from the Davis-Besse and V.C. Summer Power Plants," NUREG/CR-6921 (ANL-05/55), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, November 2006.

[12] ALEXANDREANU, B., CHOPRA, O.K., SHACK, W.J., "Crack Growth Rates and Metallographic Examinations of Alloy 600 and Alloy 82/182 from Field Components and Laboratory Materials Tested in PWR Environments," NUREG/CR-6964 (ANL-07/ 12), U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, May 2008.

[13] BURKE, J. "C haracterization of Irradiation-Assisted Degradation of Reactor Internals Materials,"

IAEA CRP Coordinated Research Meeting, 20 14, Vienna, Austria, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML14 l 5/M L 14 l 53A403.pdf.

[14] U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION, "Acquisition and Testing of Zion Spent Fuel Pool Neutron Absorber Materials," Addendum to Memorandum of Understanding between NRC and EPRI, 2014, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/M L I 50 1/MLI 50 1SA02 l .pdf.

[ 15] FIFIELD, L.S., "Status Report and Research Plan for Cables Harvested from Crystal River Unit 3 Nuclear Generating Plant," PNNL-25833, September 201 6.

[16] GIITTER, J. G., " Path Forward for Regulatory Treatment of High-Energy Arcing Fault Tests Results that Involve Aluminum," Internal NR C memo, March 20 16, https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML 1606/ML l 6064A250.pdf.

~ U.S.NRC U ni ted Sca1es Nuclear Regulato ry Co m mission Protecting People and the E nvironment Harvesting of Aged Materials from Operating and Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants M. Hisera, P. Purtschera, P. Ramuhallib, A. B. Hulla, R. Tregoninga au.s. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Washington, D.C., USA bpacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA, USA This presentation was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party's use, or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this presentation [report], or represents that its use by such third party would not infringe privately owned rights. The views expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Outline

Background and Motivation

NRC Harvesting Experience

Recent N RC Activities

- Criteria for Prioritizing Data Needs

- Database for Sources of Materials

Path Forward

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 2 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Background and Motivation

Recent trends in global nuclear industry:

- Interest in extending nuclear power plant (NPP) lifespans

- Numerous NPPs, both in U.S. and internationally, have announced plans to or already have shut down

Limited budgets have restricted the resources available to support new research, including harvesting programs

- Aligning interests and leveraging with other organizations is important to maximize value

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 3 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

NRC Harvesting Experience

NRC has participated in numerous harvesting programs over the years:

- RPV, CRDM penetrations, RCS piping, RPV internals, neutron absorbers, and cables

- From unfinished, operating ,and decommissioning plants in U.S. and internationally

Significant value in using harvested components to confirm data from other research programs

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 4 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Technical Lessons Learned

Harvesting can provide highly representative aged materials for research

- May be only practical source of representative aged materials

- May be able to use limited harvested materials to validate larger accelerated aging data set

Important to gain as much information as possible in advance before committing to specific harvesting project

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 5 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Logistical Lessons Learned

Harvesting is an expensive, time-consuming effort

Leveraging resources with other research organizations helps mitigate cost challenges

Transporting irradiated materials, particularly internationally, is cumbersome Lifting operation for and time-consuming irradiated materials transport cask

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 6 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Recent NRC Activities

Strategic approach to materials harvesting

- Due to limited opportunities, past harvesting efforts have generally been reactive to individual plants shutting down

Prioritize the data needs best addressed by harvesting

Workshop held in March 2017 at NRC HQ to discuss all aspects of harvesting with other interested stakeholders

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 7 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Potential Criteria for Harvesting Prioritization

Applicability of harvested material for addressing critical gaps

Ease of laboratory replication of the degradation scenario

Unique field aspects of degradation

Fleet-wide vs. plant-specific applicability of data

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 8 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Potential Criteria for Harvesting Prioritization

Harvesting cost and complexity

Ava ila bi lity of reliable in-service inspection ( ISi) techniques for the material/ component

Availability of materials for harvesting

Timeliness of the expected research results relative to the objective

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 9 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Database for Sources of Materials

NRC is pursuing the development of a database for sources of materials for ..

harvesting Iii!

Ii +

ii

Allow for aligning of high-priority data needs to the available sources of materials Example of reactor

NRC is interested in engaging with internals harvesting plan other organizations in developing the database

~ U.S.NRC Unh td Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 10 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

Conclusion and Path Forward

Harvesting can yield highly representative and valuable data on materials aging

Data Needs Prioritization and Sources of Materials Database

As specific harvesting opportunities are identified, NRC welcomes opportunities for cooperation and leveraging with other interested research organizations

~ U.S.NRC Unhtd Sutts N.clur Rt"t1d.uory Conuniuion 11 Prot<<ting P~opl~ and th~ Environmn,r

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Thu, 28 Jun 2018 18:04:02 +0000 To: Frankl, Istvan

Subject:

PNNL Emergent Trave l Hi Steve, I submitted the emergent travel request to our branch spreadsheet

(\\nrc.gov\nrc\HQ\Office\RES\RES\DE\CMB\Travel\FY18 RES-DE travel - CMB.xlsx) for this trip.

Darrell Dunn and Bruce Lin (CIB) will also be attending this inspection demonstration by EPRI. I want to emphasize that this travel has value for the harvesting program as well.

Also, a rem inder Raj discussed this with Chris last Thursday and got buy-in from Chris and the NMSS BC Hipolito Gonzalez.

Please let me know if there 's anything else I need to do to help support this request.

Thanks!

Matt

From: Tregoning, Robert Sent: Thu, 7 Sep 2017 08 :54:49 -0400 To: Hiser, Matthew;Purtscher, Patrick

Subject:

PNNL harvesting report Guys:

I've skimmed the report and have some thoughts to share. I'd be interested in your thoughts as well ... .

Rob Robert Tregoning Technical Advisor for Materials US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Two White Flint North, M/S T-10 A36 11545 Rockville Pike Rockville, MD 20852-2738 ph: 301-415-2324 fax : 301-415-6671

From: Purtscher, Patrick Sent: Fri, 24 Mar 2017 12:37:48 -0400 To: Hiser, IMatthew;Tregoning, Robert

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop This looks good.

Pat From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, March 24, 2017 11:45 AM To: Tregoning, Robert <Robert.Tregoning@nrc.gov>; Purtscher, Patrick <Patrick.Purtscher@nrc.gov>

Subject:

FW: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Hi Rob and Pat, Here is my first stab at the harvesting one-pager Steve mentioned below. Please take a look and edit as needed and I'll send back to Steve.

Thanks!

Matt From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Monday, March 20, 2017 5:24 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop

Matt, One of the action items that came out of the bi-weekly CMB/CIB status meeting today was Brian's request for a DE "one-pager" on the harvesting workshop.

Please align on this with Rob and get a draft to me for review by next Monday.

Thanks, Steve

Note to requester: The attachment is immediately following.

From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Fri, 21 Apr 2017 14:03:55 -0400 To: Hiser, Matthew

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Attachments: Harvesting One Pager 4-21-17.docx Thanks, Matt.

I accepted your revisions and attached the final version which I am going to share with Brian on Monday.

Steve.

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, April 21, 20171:56 PM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Here you go Steve.

Thanks!

Matt From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Friday, April 21, 201712:22 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Thanks, Matt.

It's almost done. I have attached my final comments/revisions .

Steve From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2017 11:41 AM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Hi Steve, OK, I've updated the one-pager with your edits and responded to a couple questions.

Thanks!

Matt

Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US Nuclear Regulatory Commission I Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Division of Engineering I Corrosion and Metallurgy Branch Phone: 301-415-2454 I Office: TWFN 10D62 Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2017 5:19 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Sorry for being so late with my review.

I left my mark-ups on your chair.

Thanks, Steve From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, March 24, 2017 1:51 PM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Hi Steve, Here is the one-pager with input from Rob, Pat, and I.

Thanks!

Matt From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Monday, March 20, 2017 5:24 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

ACTION: One-pager on the Harvest ing Workshop

Matt, One of the action items that came out of the bi-weekly CMB/CIB status meeting today was Brian's request for a DE "one-pager" on the harvesting workshop.

Please align on this with Rob and get a draft to me for review by next Monday.

Thanks, Steve

Ex-Plant M at eri als Harvesting One-Pager M otivation :

Ex-plant materials are valuable because they have been exposed to actual in-service plant operating conditions (temperature, irradiation, coolant, etc.)

o Generally, research involves accelerated, simulat ed aging conditions in a lab which may not be as representative of actual in-service aging o Highly representative materials (actual plant components) and aging conditions reduces t he uncertainty associated with the applicability of research findings.

W ith plants shutting down both in the U.S. and Europe, there are increasing opportunities to harvest components from decommissioning plants.

Insight s from ex-plant harvesting would support regu lat ory decisions for subsequent license renewal (SLR), and could have implications for the current license period o There is a task in the new draft UNR for SLR from NRR/DLR requesting RES to inve.stigate opportunities for harvesting where appropriate.

Purpose and Objective:

For NRC staff and interested stakeholders to have greater awareness and knowledge of the benefits and challenges associated with ex-plant harvesting.

Support initiation of specific cooperative ex-plant harvesting programs by leveraging lim ited NRC resources to produce highly representative technical data of materials degradation for extended plant operation.

Workshop Summary:

NRC staff hosted a 2-day workshop on March 7-8, 2017 with interested stakeholders, including domestic and international utilities and research organizations, to discuss benefits and challenges associated with ex-plant harvesting. Views and insights from various parties contributed to the discussion

Workshop participants gave presentations and actively engaged in open discussion of different aspects of ex-plant materials harvesting o Sessions covered motivation for harvesting, data needs, sources of materials, lessons learned, the practical aspects of harvesting, and harvesting decision-making and planning

The discussion focused on the importance of clearly identifying the need and purpose for performing a harvesting project.

o All participants agreed harvesting is a complex and expensive proposition, but one that can be worthwhile if the need is clearly defined and addressed.

The insights from utilities a1nd decommissioning contractors were extremely valuable.

o NRC staff and stakeholders are better informed and aware of the benefits and challenges associated with ex-plant harvesting.

Path Forward:

Detailed workshop summary report to be distributed among meeting participants by May 2017

PNNL report on a strategic approach to ex-plant harvesting to be completed by May 2017

Developing alignment within NRC on prioritization of harvesting data needs in four primary areas:

o RPV, RPV internals and other metals, electrical cables and component s, concrete

RES staff will engage with interested workshop participants on prioritizing data needs and developing a database identifying sources of materials for harvesting

From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Fri, 21 Apr 201714:15:01-0400 To: Hiser, Matthew

Subject:

RE: ACTION : One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Thanks, Matt.

We'll do.

Enjoy the weekend.

Steve From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, April 21, 2017 2:10 PM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Thanks Steve!

I also spoke with Donna-Marie this morning about the SSM email and explained our planned path forward with the return shipping and she said that's OK with IPT, so you can mention that to Brian as well on Monday. If he wants to feed back to Mike, that's fine. I'm also happy to send Mike an email if that's easier.

Thanks!

Matt From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Friday, April 21, 2017 2:04 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Thanks, Matt.

I accepted your revisions and attached the final version which I am going to share with Brian on Monday.

Steve.

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, April 21, 20171:56 PM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Here you go Steve.

Thanks!

M att From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Friday, April 21, 201712:22 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Thanks, M att.

It's almost done. I have attached my fina l comments/revisions.

Steve From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2017 11:41 AM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan.Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Hi Steve, OK, I've updated the one-pager with your edits and responded to a couple questions.

Thanks!

Matt Matthew Hiser Materials Engineer US Nuclear Regulatory Commission I Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research Division of Engineering I Corrosion and Metallurgy Branch Phone: 30 I -415-2454I Office: TWFN I 0D62 Matthew.Hiser@ nrc.gov From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2017 5:19 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew. Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION: One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Sorry for being so late with my review.

I left my mark-ups on your chair.

Thanks, Steve

From: Hiser, Matthew Sent: Friday, March 24, 2017 1:51 PM To: Frankl, Istvan <lstvan .Frankl@nrc.gov>

Subject:

RE: ACTION : One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop Hi Steve, Here is the one-pager with input from Rob, Pat, and I.

Thanks!

Matt From: Frankl, Istvan Sent: Monday, March 20, 2017 5:24 PM To: Hiser, Matthew <Matthew.Hiser@nrc.gov>

Subject:

ACTION : One-pager on the Harvesting Workshop

Matt, One of the action items that came out of the bi-weekly CMB/CIB status meeting today was Brian's request for a DE "one-pager" on the harvesting workshop.

Please align on this with Rob and get a draft to me for review by next Monday.

Thanks ,

Steve

CRIEPI motivations for harvested material research Material Research Lab.

Nuclear Power Plant Maintenance Research Team Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Taku Arai, Sadao Higuchi Ex-Plant Materials Harvesting Workshop March 7-8, 2017 USNRC HQ, Rockville, MD, USA

Current Status of the NPPs in Japan(as of February B, 2017)

Tsuru a Tomari Mihama 0hi Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Shika Takahama e Higashidori Shimane O 0hma On reviewing to new regulation

=

G'--"e"'n=

"""ka=i _ __,/

Sendai &**

lkata Fukushima-Daiichi Fukushima-Dain i e on periodic inspection: 37 units

PWR on operating: 3 units Tokai-Daini 0 PWR stopped by command of a District Court: 2 units These data is based on The Federation of B WR on operating: 0 Electric Power Companies of Japan (FEPC).

& Decommissioning: 14 units (6 unts including i--t===~~~::I.::_~~-=-- - - - - - 2 Fukushima Daiichil

Harvested materials vs Lab. materials Items Harvested materials Laboratory prepared materials Exposed conditions Actual plant conditions Accelerated and/or simulated ;

neutron flux, temperature Choice of material Fewer choice Easy to prepare desirable conditions conditions Material conditions are defined by plant conditions Parametric data Not easy Easy to conducting parametric data acquisition acquisition Number of data Smaller than lab. data Larger data base Fact finding Confirmation Understanding degradation behavior under Verification long term operation Understanding mechanism Clarifying initiation conditions and degradation trends Verifying or developing prediction method Developing inspection preventive

Possible research items Irradiation embrittlement of RPV Irradiation induced stress corrosion cracking (IASCC)

Thermal aging of cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) and austenitic stainless steel weld metal (ASSWM) and combination effect of thermal aging and neutron irradiation Loss of isolation of cable and l&C components Loss of strength of concrete strength Fluence evaluation optimization

CRIEPI activites Research institute Irradiation embritlement, sec, IASCC, Thermal aging, Pipe wall thinning, Cable degradation, NDI technique etc.)

PLM research administrative review meeting Japanese utilities, plant fabricators, CRIEPI, INSS, FEPC, JANSI 10 subgroups (SCC, Irradiation embrittlement, Fatigues, Concrete degradation, Cable insulation degradation, Inspection/monitoring technologies)

Research strategy, issue management tables, road maps A team for considering harvesting material research FEPC: Federations of electric power companies of Japan JANSI: Japan nuclear safety instiute

CRIEPI motivations Radiation embrittlement of RPV steels Demonstrating the adequacy of surveillance program Clarifying safety margins including in current evaluation methods Irradiation effect for austenitic stainless core internals Clarifying microstructural changes due to neutron irradiation Developing correlation models between microstructural changes and mechanical propeties Thermal aging and combination of thermal aging and irradiation for CASS and stainless weld metal.

Demonstrating the adequacies of current prediction methods Clarifying safety margins including in current prediction methods Clarifying combination effects of thermal aging and irradiation.

CRIEPI experiences and current activities for harvested material research,- ~

Experiences (APT analysis)

RPV surveillance database(collaboration with all the Japanese utilities)

Greifswald(VVER-440) RPV material(collaboration with HZDR) 304L, 304 and 316 stainless steels from decommissioned core internals (collaboration with EPRI)

Current activity National research project (corroborating with LWRS)

RPV embrittlement Through-wall fracture toughness and microstructure characterization for Zion RPV Radiation effect austenitic stainless steels APT analysis for baffle former bolts from a US PWR

Objectives in each research item Components, MA phenomena Understanding Understanding Establishment Verification, behavior/ mechanism prediction modification distribution in model prediction model actual components RPV, ~

Radiation embrittlement Core internals, IASCC Core internals, Reduction of toughness due to irradiation and/or thermal aging CASS component, Thermal aging Piping, nozzle, Low cycle fatigue Cable & Cl, ~ ~ ~

Loss of isolation Concrete, ~ ~ ~ ~

Loss of strength RPV, core internals, concrete etc. ~ ~

Fluence evaluation optimization

RPV radiation embrittlement Comparison between measured and calculated value Charpy impact test Measured vs calculated value Prediction method, JEAC4201 i

i QI

.5

£

~ UnirrJdiated Irradiate d 00 ~

~

0 66 Operation ..._,_

L\USE

-u~~---------~

o BeMandwtfdmillll SRM:NletleB

-> MTR matenal's

1. 11n~

-*-- t2TC based on mechanistic model 160 ,--------------,

All the data obtained e- 41 J temperature ..........,

Recent high fue nce data 6 -*_:.z-": ...- uo

~ ~

t ..,,

" 100 Z 80 l-o::: 60

<l Measured LlRTNOT (C) 20 o ~-~-~-~--~-~

0£~ 2[-02 4[-02 6 E-02 8[-02 lE-01 5.E-01 ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - ,

- unea,r,1 Vt°*s U") ,.1;-01 Vt: Volume fraction of

} solute atom cluster

""O Atom probe tomography t

3.E-01

.....cuQ.)

, 2.E-Oi

(.) Chemical cu composition 0 1.E-01 Fluence, Flux, lrrad . Temp.

2E-02 *E-02 6E*02 BE*02 IE-01 Measured Vt°- 5 Grain boundary

Application of research and possible source of samples Components, MA phenomena Safety/ License Efficiency of Possible source of samples LTO renewal operation RPV, .., .., Decommissioned plant Radiation embrittlement I Core internals, .., .., Decommissioned plant IASCC Replaced component Core internal, Reduction of .., .., .., Decommissioned plant toughness due to irradiation and Replaced component thermal aging CASS component, .., Decommissioned plant Thermal aging Replaced component Piping, nozzle, Decommissioned plant Low cycle fatigue Replaced component Cable & Cl, .., .., Decommissioned plant Loss of isolation Replaced component Concrete, .., .., .., Decommissioned plant Loss of strength RPV, core internals, concrete etc. .., .., Decommissioned plant Fluence evaluation optimization Replaced component

CRIEPI research activities with harvested materials Material Research Lab.

Nuclear Power Plant Maintenance Research Team Taku Arai, Sadao Higuchi Ex-Plant Materials Harvesting Workshop March 7-8, 2017 USNRC HQ, Rockville, MD, USA JR CRIEPI

( : ~ AtMarc"ll tn1tltutt 01 Electrlc Powerlnctu*ll')'

CRIEPI projects RPV surveillance database All the Japanese utilities Greifswald(VVER/440) RPV material Collaboration with HZDR 304L, 304 and 316 stainless steels from decommissioned core internals Collaboration with EPRI National research project Irradiation effects on RPV and Core Internals Collaboration with LWRS(ORNL) 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 2

Japanese RPV surveillance database Microstructural characterization of the RPV surveillance materials has been continuously performed by CRIEPI since 2007.

Mainly Atom Probe Tomography (APT)

More than 100 conditions with different materials and different fluences have been compiled to date.

Good correlation between microstructural changes and mechanical changes has been observed.

100%

Nature of solute atom clusters

-..... Cu-Ni-SI-Mn cluster

?ft. 80%

--ro c

0 60%

Nd Vf 2.2 X 1023 m-3 4.2 X 10-3

2

(/)

0 0.

40%

dG 3.1 nm E

0 20%

u 35 x 41 x 491 nm 3 13.7M atoms

.....ro

--c 0

60%

Nd Vf 1.2 x 1023 m-3 2.9 X 10-3

~

(/) 40%

0 dG 3.4 nm 0.

E 0

u 20%

33 x 38 x 284 nm 3 : 8.1M atoms 100% l'ITTTl',.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,....,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,....,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,....,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,....,..,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.l"ITTl"r,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.l"ITTl"r,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,.l"ITTl"r,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,..,.,.l"ITTl"r'l"TT\

.....ro Nd 5.6 x 10 22 m-3

~

1.1 X 10-3 60%

0 Vf E

~ 40% dG 3.1 nm 0.

E ~1 x 49 x 264 nm 3 : 11.2M atoms 8 20%

0%

Ni-Si-Mn cluster 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76 81 86 91 96 101 106 11 1 116 121 126 131 136 141 2017/3/7-8 Cluster ID © CRIEPI 5

aRTNor vs vf 160 0 All the surveillance data The correlation between 140

Recent high fluence data 0

0 aRTNDT and vf for the 120 ... recent high fluence data

-- *

shown in solid red

(..)

0 100 ...

symbols is consistent C

-

0 0 with that for lower

~oCb 8 z 80 t-:J I-c:::

<J 60 ...

0 0 0 0

0 0 *

~

.~ fluence surveillance data.

40 - ~ 0

<D 0 0

20 ...

00 0

Greifswald Unit 4 material SANS (HZDR), APT (CRIEPI) and Hv (HZDR & CRIEPI) were performed to characterize the weld and base metals of Greifswald Unit 4 RPV.

Neutron fluence Neutron flux Outer Material (10 19 n/cm 2 , (10 11 n/cm 2/s ,

E>1MeV) E>1MeV)

Weld layer 4 2.0 0.72 Inner Weld layer 6 1.5 0.55 surface Weld layer 14 0.6 0.22 Baselayer4 2.6 0.94 Layer 4 Layer 6 Layer 14 Irradiation temperature 270°C Material Cu p Ni Mn C Si Cr Mo V Weld 0.12 0.029 0.12 0.98 0.08 0.33 1.31 0.45 0.15 Base 0.1 0.012 0.16 0.47 0.17 0.74 2.52 0.57 0.25 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 8

IO

~

c.S. ~!:!.

El<<lrlo"-~IY Distributions of mechanical property and chemical compositjoa~

Layer 4 Layer 6 Layer 14 Layer 4 Layer 6 Layer 14 150 1E20 0.15 t t t Greifswald Unit 4, welding seam SN0.1.4.

0.05 125 =-----

\

\ (trepan 4-6)

_., >Q)

................ ~ '$.

I.O

c:::

- 100 - .....

.. ..- - ~ -g 0.10 0.04

_.j

~

I- w- ~

<l 75 1E19 N

-- E Q.)

0.03

~ E ...., C 0 C ....,

Q.)

(.)

c 8 0

I-0 50 25 C

, 0.05

~ <..)

Greifswald Unit 4 , welding seam SN0.1 .4. (trepan 4-5) 0.02 C 8

a..

Q)

, Cu content 0.01 0 -/:,.- P content 1E18 0.00 ~~-~~~~-~-~~~~-~~ 0.00 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 distance from the RPV inner wall / mm T 0 : compact o reconstituted specimens distance from the RPV inner wall / mm

-*-* predicted 1:,.T K -- fluence (E>0.5 MeV)

Ref. Viehrig, H.-W .; Altstadt, E. ; Houska, M. ; Valo, M.: Fracture mechanics characterization of the beltline welding seam of the decommissioned WWER-440 reactor pressure vessels of nuclear power plant Greifswald Unit 4. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 89(2012)

APT results of weld metals 100%

~

0 80% P content (yellow) ro

~ 60%

g is very high in the

'cii g_ 40%

E Cr Cu three materials 0 c U 20% 0 Al MoN compared to the 0%

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Japanese steels.

Cu content (red) is

~ 80%

0

<ii very low in small

~ 60%

g

'vi clusters of layer 4, g_ 40% 'J Cr E

0 u 20%

Cu c

0 while all the Al 0%

O MoN clusters contain Cu 0 50 100% w*m .iffi!PR':'limM~

100 150 200 250

~~~lll"'!"l""'l"'["'!l'~~~~~~~~~~'l!M"'I~"""~

300 atoms in layer 6

~ 80%

and 14.

0 IQ

~ 60%

,g

'cii g_ 40% c.J Cr E Cu 0 c U 20% 0 Al MoN 0%

Comparison between SANS, APT and Hv 60 60 Hv1 O w 2 separate tiles Hv10 w 2 separate tiles 50 ,_ A Hv0.01 w 2 separate tiles 50 ,_ A Hv0.01 w 2 separate tiles e Hv0.01 w sigle tile e Hv0.01 w sigle tile 40 ** 40 *

r* > * *

c 30 :c 30

<I 1 MeV)

A 304L CR 2.sx1021 3.6 B 304 TG 3.3X1021 4.7 C 304 TG 3.sx1021 5.5 D 304L CR 4.2x1021 5.9 E 304L CR S.4X1021 7.7 F 304L CR 9.1x1021 13 G 316L CR 4.1x1021 6.7 CR: Control rod, TG: Top guide 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 13

Comparison of 304L 55 microstructures

... *; **'!. . :, . . *,. * .. . .. ~;' , *. ,,.. ..

3.6dpa 5.9dpa 7.7dpa 13dpa 10nm Both Ni/Si and Al clusters are well developed at 13 dpa that at lower doses.

Note that Si and Al bulk compositions is higher in the 304L heat irradiated to 13 dpa.

lso-surface of 2 at 0/o Si in 304L SS 3.6dpa 5.9dpa 7.7dpa 13dpa Damage (dpa)

Volume fraction 3.4% 7.1% 5.8% 19%

Large increase in volume fraction is observed at 13 dpa.

The shape of bounded regions is not spherical nor separated.

IO

~

c.S. ~!:!.

El<<lrlo"-~IY Chemical composition of Ni/Si feature in 3041 80 13dpa Outside Fe Inside 70

- 60

~

0 ctl 50 C:

0 ctl C:

Cl) 40 Si

(.)

30 C:

0 Cr u

20 10 0

-3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 1Oat% Si isosurface Distance from iso-surface (nm) 20-25 at.% Si, 50-60 at.% Ni, <10 at.% Fe&Cr near the center.

40 at.% Si, 40 at.% Ni, 10 at.% Mn <10 at.% Fe&Cr at the center.

Al enriched clusters in 304L SS e AI

( *, ,f;:* --4
. . ..... 6 *~., ;i' . i;*,
\) ~ . .,., ,..., *, ..
,. * ..:. *. ;~ .:;~ 1(, , :: ~~"' ,*.
~~ -~ * ., ~,.,., ~l* * .,.
4 .. ' ~ .,... '(...
,: ~~- ~:. -*~~.:' t' *'~ ~ ~ ~;t "l.,.. '
-*t , ,
3.6dpa 5.9dpa 7.7dpa 13dpa Damage (dpa)
Number density (m-3 ) 4.lx10 23 3.6x1023 S.8x1023 S.8x1023 Cluster diameter is >3nm.
Enrichment factors of Al and Cu impurities are 50-100 and 4-5, respectively, although the amount of Al and Cu is small.
Number density does not change very much with dose.
2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 17
National Research Project (2015 to 2018)
Collaboration with ORNL (LWRS)
Harvested RPV steel from Zion Evaluation of through-wall attenuation of Reactor Pressure Vessel embrittlement.
Mini-CT master curve fracture toughness, hardness, APT US PWR Ginna BFB material Characterization of microstructure of irradiated stainless steels.
APT analysis 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 18
Cutting scheme for Zion unit 1 Cutting lines Note: changed to straight cutline Stain less cladd ing 0- N 0
CD CO uu Lr) 0 co u
r--..
00 u
NN N N Outer surface of RPV Inner surface of RPV C 0
- - - -- --¥,,_ ,_ ,
.*---- *** ** ,_*:** __ _, D sta c be we n "O
....J
-- 'CB.Ml o i ne su fac o ea h s ate ZCB-02 to ZCB-1 7 should have Thickness of ZCB-01 shall be s all be e su ed nd re rd d even thickness the sum of clad thickness b fo t e c tti g ro ess with 11 mm or more and 11mm or more CBMI S direction
,_ Mark "O" for outer surface
(].)
Block for 24 specimens
<U T-L specimens L-S specimens ,, ,,...... microstructural specimens X
~~.+I IC7C7C7ffiffiffi ,/' Brank material 2 orientations
-o*- 0~ t ':=I===:II II ~I II _JLJLJ
£ 4- o o o o I II II I ' '-- X v, E E o o o o c=Jc=Jc=J Mark " "I" for inner surface 17 layers 2-. ~ ~ 2-. c=Jc=Jc=J o
o o
O
~
o O
o O
c=Jc=]c=]~
I lr=ll I~
c=Jc=Jc=J ~
55mm minimum T
Id.
f n _1cat1~n or d1rect1on
..c.
CJ)
'cij t
816 specimens 0 0 0
~ ~
..c.
I-L ,,ire, 1mferencial
120mm) 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 19
Summary For RPV surveillance materials, comparisons between the surveillance coupons and the actual vessel materials are important to demonstrate the adequacy of surveillance program.
Materials harvested from actual vessels show the actual state of RPV materials.
Demonstration of large safety margin is expected No surveillance materials are available for core internal materials.
Expanding knowledge about irradiation effects on m icrostructu re 2017/3/7-8 © CRIEPI 20
Hamaoka unit-1 and R&D schedule t&
'- ~
CHUBU Electric Power Specs of Hamaoka unit-1 Reactor Type Boiling Water Reactor (BWR-4)
Power Output 540MW Operation start/ end March 1976 / January 2009 Schedule of Hamaoka R&D (Fiscal Year) 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Reactor D D Boat Sainpling Sample Tra1 sportation Pressure Vessel Examinations (actual & archive materials)
I I I Concrete Core Sampling Concrete I I Structures Examinations and Analysis Copyright© CHUBU Electric Power Co.,lnc. All Rights Reserved .
Research plan (Reactor Pressure Vessel) t&
'- ~
CHUBU Electric Power Sampling 14pcs Boat Sample (RPV inner side) (65x25x19mm)
Vickers Hardness test Charpy Impact test Fracture Toughness test APT, TEM Objectives of Hamaoka RPV investigation :
To characterize the inner cladding HAZ of base metal by
- Mechanical properties (Hv, ~DBTT, K, etc.)
- Microstructure (Cu enriched clusters, Interstitial loops, etc.)
To reconfirm the current maintenance methodology based on test results Copyright © CHUBU Electric Power Co., lnc. All Rights Reserved .
Research plan (Concrete structures) t&
'- ~
CHUBU Electric Power Penetrate core
[Sampling sites] Reactor
- (!) PCV Side Wall ll,.__ _ _ _ ___,IlJ Building Expected @ RPV Pedestal radiation -
Q) Main Steam Tunnel effect Spent Fuel Pool
- Surface core
@ Inner Wall Examination items Outer Wall
Strength/Toughness (J) Base Matt
Nominal density
Water volume/TG-DTA
@RPVWell
SEM Floor Slab *XRD
@) Inner Wal l
Ultrasonic pulse velocity CD@ :
Carbonation depth Already cored @ Construction Joint Q Locations of core sampling (Example)
Measure for ASR etc.
Sampling from the various locations of the RIB (more than 40 sites) Perfom1ing various examinations Objective of Hamaoka concrete investigation :
To propose new soundness evaluation methods
- Formulation of concrete database
- Validation of non destructive examination
- Numerical Analysis Methods Copyright © CHUBU Electric Power Co., lnc. All Rights Reserved.

ML20339A433

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