ML20098A095

Advises That Formal Verification & Validation Program for Nuclear Data Earaut & Earman Codes Initiated.Test Sequences for Evaluation of Meteorological & Dose Calculations Included in Encls

ML20098A095
Person / Time
Site:	San Onofre
Issue date:	07/02/1984
From:	Bray L SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON CO.
To:	Fish R NRC OFFICE OF INSPECTION & ENFORCEMENT (IE REGION V)
Shared Package
ML20098A086	List: ML20098A095
References
NUDOCS 8409240283
Download: ML20098A095 (22)

Text

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.- t 11ECEIVED NRC Southern California Edison Cogng, _9 y 7 W5 S AN ONOFRE NUCLE AR GENER ATING ST ATION P.O. BOX 12 8 S AN C LEMENTE, C A LIFORNI A 92672 g1 July 2, 1984 U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Inspection and Enforcement Region V 1450 Maria Lane, Suite 210 Walnut Creek, California 94596-5358 Attention: ' Ray Fish, Team Leader Emergency Preparedness Facility Appraisal

Subject:

Verification and Validation of the EARS Program for San Onofre Nuclear Generation Station A formal verification and validation program for the Nuclear Data EARAUT and EARMAN codes has been. initiated by SONGS. The meterological portion.,

of the code will be evaluated by Station Computer Engineering. The

' test sequence for this evaluation is included as Attachment No.1. The dose calculation portion of the code has been evaluated by Health Physics Engineering. The parameters evaluated and the test sequence for this eval-

'uation areincluded as Attachment No. 2.

A final copy of this verification will be filed in CDM. If you have any further questions regarding this matter, please contact me at (714) 492-7700, extension 59-108.

Sincerely, L .DA BRAY Health Physics Engineer I

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ATTACHMENT 1

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ARY INPUT AND OUTPUT DATA REQUIREMENTS SONGS VERIFICATION PROJECT l Table 1 - Verification of Index Code Development Procedure for Data Input The meteorological data presented in this table will be placed in the system through either modification to the historical 15-minute Primary Tower data file (M5"R01) or through the operator input via a computer terminal. m3 pogoi Output Data Required The output for this verification test should be a listing of the input meteorological dat a (File MSHR01) and the index developed for each meteorological category.

Table 2 - Verification of Meteorological Field Selection Procedure for Data Input The meteorological data input for Table I will be used for the verification task.

Output Data Required Plots of the component wind fields or a printout of the u- and v-components of the wind and stability fields will be required. .

Table 3 - Verification of Data Editing and Hierarchy Replacement Procedure for Data Input

$ Shear Tests, Absolute Values, Temporal Changes, Invalidation, and c% Hierarchy Replacement test values will be placed in the system e =c ;through modifications to the historical 1-minute data files for

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.%oth the Primary (MICRI) and Backup (MICR2) Systems.

US CD E $1odifications for each type of test and parameter will be per-Q' l hormed separately in the 1-minute historical data file so that the

.. effect on the subsequent 15-minute data can be identified. For 18 the Hierarchy Replacement test, the replacement values will be made unique enough, when compared to the other possible replace-ment values, to enable overt demonstration of the replacement hierarchy of the system. No hierarchy replacements nor editing of

-the data occur until the data are used in an average calculation.

Output Data Required The modified 1-minute data files for the Primary and Backup Systems (MIc^l end MICR2) and the associated proccssed 15-minute data files r the two systems (MSHR01 and MSHR02).

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Table 4 - Verification of Mixing Height Field Development ,

Procedure for Input Data ME BEM The 15-minute (MSUR01) data file for the Primary System will be modified to reflect the differential temperatures, date, and time presented in this table. A separate run of the dispersion and transport algorithm will be made for each entry.

Output Data Requirement The output data must contain information that will enable the determination of the unmodified mixing heights, terrain adjusted mixing heights,-stability and terrain modified mixing heights, and CIBL modified stability dependent terrain adjusted mixing heights at_three to five specific receptor points. It is anticipated that the output file EAPNT will provide some of this information.

Other intermediate data may be required.

Table 5 - Verification of Stability Field Adjustment 3 Procedure for Input Data The input data presented in this table will be run separately and the required output generated for each entry. The meteorological data will be entered through modification to the 15-minute Primary System meteorological field (-MS"R01).

1%ETSE N Output Data Required The unadjusted stability field identified by the various indices and the modified stability field should be listed to enable comparison with hand calculations.

Table 6 - Verification of Wind Speed Adjustments Procedure for Input Data The input data presented in this table will be run separately and the required output generated for each entry. The meteorological data will be entered through modification to the 15-minute Primary System meteorological file (MSH 01).

Output Data Required The unadjusted wind fields and the adjusted wind fields, identified by the various indices, should be listed.

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3EUVhNARY Table 7 - Verification of Dispersion and Transport Calculations Procedure for Data Inout m ETSE^)

The historical 15-minute Primary System data file will be modified to input the separate 15-minute observations of Set # 1 Input Data and the tamporal data sequences of the other input data sets.

Output Data Required The intermediate output of building wake, stability, mixing D l height, horizontal and vertical disperson coefficients, wind direction, travel distance, width of plume, concentration and deposition must be developed .for each meteorological entry (i.e.,

15-minute meteorological entry) and each segment of a release.

Values of total concentration and deposition should also be provided at 5 to 10 receptor. points for each time step or meteorological entry calculation. The ouput file EAPNT may provide some of this information.

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Y j TABLE 1 VERIFICATION OF INDEX CODE DEVELOPMENT Page 1 of 2 Objective Verify index development from meteorological input data. (Test approximately 10 percent of the 364 nonuniform meteorolcgical fields, plus several-of the uniform meteorological fields.)

Method Compare the indices developed by the computer, from the meteorological input data, to the hand calculated indices shown below.

Inout Data Julian Date Date Time AT ('C) WS (mph) WD (deg) Index

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t' 11/01/85 305 0730 -0.57 12.1 124.0 103406 Y Vg; 12/01/86 335 0800 -0.44 3.0 101.5 102105 f3 J' 12/31/87 12/31/88 365 366*

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-0.14 2.0 1.0 214.0 11.5 102110 103101 01/01/89 1 0315 +0.46 0.8 236.0 103110 02/01/90 32 0800 +1.21 8.0 56.0 103202 02/28/91 59 1700 +0.45 13.0 79.0 103404, 09/01/92 245 0715 -0.56 8.1 349.0 111316 10/01/93 274- 0730 -0.50 14.0 281.5 111413 11/02/94 306 0815 -0.30 0.9 169.0 112108 12/02/95 336 0845 +1.20 1.5 259.0 113112 01/02/97 2 0900 +0.75 2.5 304.0 113114 02/02/98 33 0845 +2.00 5.0 326.5 113215 02/29/96 60* 1615 +4.00 12.0 281.0 113312 03/01/99 60 0715 -0.48 3.5 393.0 201101 04/01/80 92 0645 -0.54 3.7 101.0 201104 05/01/81 121 0615 -0.70 3.3 220.0 201110 06/01/82 152 0600 -0.85 6.0 439.0 201204 07/01/83 182 0600 -1.00 10.0 359.9 201316 08/01/84 214 0615 -0.35 2.8 146.5- 202107 03/02/85 61 0230 -0.40 2.4 360.0 202116 04/01/86 91 1730 -0.20 7.0 416.5 202203 05/02/87 122 1800 -0.25 7.5 506.0 202206 06/01/88 153 1815 +6.00 1.9 394.0 203102 07/02/89 183 1815 +1.50 6.5 11.0 203216 08/01/90 213 1800 '0.50

+ 16.0 416.0 203402

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3R E VLNAPsY TABLE 1 (Continued) Page 2 of 2 Julian Date Date Time 6T (*C) WS (mph) WD(deg) Index 08/31/91 243 1700 -0.90 1.4 236.5 211111 08/31/92 244* 1400 -0.80 5.5 461.0 211204 03/03/93 62 0800 -0.75 4.5 371.0 211216 04/02/94 92 1645 -1.02 11.0 191.0 211308 05/03/95 123 1715 -0.65 20.0 540.0 211408 06/02/96 154 1730 -0.17 4.3 34.0 212202 i 07/03/97 184 1730 ~- 0.34 9.0 303.5 212313 i 08/02/98 214 1715 -0.24 30.0 295.0 212413 03/04/99 63 1230 0.00 1.1 258.5 213111 11/01/85 305 2200 -0.30 10.0 300.0 102313 12/01/86 335 1100 +0.50 6.0 110.0 113205 06/01/82 152 0300 -1.00 15.0 45.0 201402

-07/01/83 182 1500 -0.30 2.0 360.0 212116

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TABLE 2 VERIFICATION OF METEOROLOGICAL FIELD SELECTION Objective Verify selection of proper meteorological field from a given index.

Method Compare the meteorological f'21ds selected by the computer to those that Dames & Moore developed for the indicated indices. (Output fields should be either plots (preferable) or tabular printouts of the u- and v-components of the wind fields, and the stability fields.)

Input Data The index codes developed in Table I will be the input data for this verification task. In addition, an invalid index code (such as 3,13111) will be input.

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. VERIFICATION OF DATA EDITING AND HIERARCHY REPLACEMENT Page 1 of 2 Ob,iective

. Verify that proper meteorological data are used in the transport and dispersion analysis.

Method The following editing checks are planned:

1-Minute Values

• Shear tests between levels

• Absolute values

• Temporal changes

• Invalidation ,

• Conversion from centivolts to engineering units

• Averaging process 15-Minute Values

• Invalidation

• Hierarchy replacement

1. Verification of the conversion from centivolt to engineering '

units and the averaging process will be performed during our second quarter calibration onsite. Known voltages will be transmitted to each' channel and hand calculations of the conversion to engineering units will be compared to computer output values.

2. Verification of the other items above will be made by modifying l the historical 1-minute and/or 15-minute data files using the system editor and the operator override capability. (A person

familiar with the system operation and non-routine capabilities will be required.)

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, ,_ _.I v TABLE 3 (Continued) Page 2 of 2 Input Data The following modifications to the historical data file are planned:

Averaging

_ Type of Test Period Data Modifications Shear Test 1-minute 40m WS-10m WS > 30 mph Between Levels 40m WD-10m WD > 140' ' -

Absolute Values 1-minute WD > 540 WS > 75 mph AT < -3.0 C and AT > 3.0*C Ta < -30.1*C and Ta > 50*C Julian Date > 366 Temporal Changes 1-minute Change in WS > 25 mph Change in AT > 1.2*C Change in Ta > 6.0*C Change in Td > 6.0*C Rainfall > 0.20 inch / min.

Invalidation 1-min /15-min 7 out of 15 1-min values invalid 8 out of 151-min values ,

invalid Hierarchy Replacement

• 15-minute Wind Speed Replacement Wind Direction Replacement Stability Replacement

• Hierarchy of replacement meteorological values is as follows:

WS & WD: (1) 10m primary tower, (2) 10m backup tower, and (3) 40m primary tower Stability: (1)10-40m AT-primary system, (2)10-40m AT-secondary system, (3)20-120 ft AT, (4) 10m o -primary tower, (5) 10m o -backup tower, and (6) 40m a -primary tower (manually determined).

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VERIFICATION OF MIXING HEIGHT FIELD DEVELOPMENT Objectives

1. Verify mixing height field development for all four seasons (day and night), all possible stability adjustments, and all CIBL development criteria.

2. Verify the CIBL development criterion that land-water temperature difference be > 1*C for both the January-March and April-December periods.

Method Compare the mixing height fields selected by the computer with the following independently determined values:

q ' Unmodified mixing heights Terrain adjusted mixing heights a

• Mixing heights over water (should be zero)

• • Stability modification and terrain adjusted mixing heights

• CIBL modified stability dependent terrain adjusted mixing heights Input Data A-

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1. Season / Stability Tests pO 1 Julian h '

Date Date Time AT('C) Description of Test 01/31/90 31 0900 -0.75 Winter /"A" 12/30/87 364 1000 -0.53 Winter /"B" 12/03/95 337 2200 -0.30 Winter /"D" (night) 01/03/97 3 0300 0.00 Winter /"E" 03/31/86 90 1100 -0.70 Spring /"A" 04/30/81 120 1200 -0.48 Spring /"C" 05/31/81 151 2300 -0.25 Spring /"D" (night) 05/04/82 124 0100 +1.00 Spring /"F" 06/04/82 155 1300 -0.65 Summer /"A" 06/30/83 181 1600 -0.40 Sumer/"D" (day) 07/04/83 185 2100 -0.35 Sumer/"D" (night) 08/03/90 215 0200 +1.50 Sumer/" G" 09/03/83 246 1400 -0.60 Fall /"A" 09/30/93 273 1500 -0.55 Fall /"B" 10/03/91 276 2000 -0.20 Fall /"D" (ni9 nt) 11/03/94 307 0400 +0.40 Fall /"E" (Other meteorological parameters do not affect the mixing height calculations.)

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TABLE 4 (Continued) Page 2 Of 2

2. CIBL Development Tests DescrI pt lon JulIen Date Date Time AT('C) WS (mph) W3 (deg) Talr(*C) T,,,,c(*C) of Test 01/01/85 1 1200 -0.3 3.0 200 18.0 14.9 All conditions satisfied.

02/02/90 32 -123001 -0.3 3. 0 200 16.5 14.9 murs mt satisfied.

03/01/99- 60 1200 -0.3 3.0 13301 17.0 15.5 WD not satisfied.

04/10/86 100 1200 -0.3 11.01 200 18.5 17.0 WS not satisfied.

05/30/82 150 0800 1+0.51 3.0 200 20.0 18.8 AT not satisfied.

07/19/90 200 1200 -0.3 3.0 200 119.51 119.51 Temp. dif ference mt satisfied.

09/07/91 250 1200 1-1.21 3.0 200 19.8 18.7 AT is autoconvective. ,

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3. Land-Water Temperature Difference Tests 32 1200 -0.3 3.0 200 15.5 14.9 Jan-Mar />b CIBL

' 02/01/90 03/01/99 60 1200 -0.3 3.0 200 21.0 15.5 Jan-Mar /OIBL 1200 -0.3 3.0 700 17.8 17.0 Apr-Dec/Pc CIEL 04/10/86 100 18.8 Apr-Dec/Autoconvect ive 05/30/82 150 1200 -1.2 3.0 200 20.0 I

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TABLE 5 VERIFICATION OF STABILITY FIELD ADJUSTMENT Objective Verify the stability field adjustment for the three stability regions (ocean, coastal, and inland) for each of the seven stability classes.

Method Compare the computer generated stability fields from the input data below to the hand' calculated values in the ocean, coastal, and inland regions. (The printout of the unadjusted stability field for each index below must be obtained to determine the appropriate modification.)

Input Data Julian Record Date Time AT('C) WS (mph) WD(deg) Tair(*C) Index No.

32 1200 -0.60. 6.0 56 10.0 111202 124 32 1200 -0.60 2.0 355 10.0 111116 999 211 1400 -1.20 2.0 230 28.0 211110 296 32 1200 -0.55 6.0 355 10.0 111216 999 215 1200 -0.55 2.0 355 24.0 211116 313 215- 2000 -0.55 2.0 355 24.0 201116 213 215 2000 -0.47 15.0 56 24.0 201402 999 32 1200 -0.47 6.0 56 10.0 111202 124 32 1200 -0.47 15.0 56 10.0 111402 136 181 1200 -0.30 10.0 240 24.0 212311 346 150 2200 -0.30 15.0 130 24.0 202406 70 215 1200 -0.30 2.0 70 24.0 212103 999

.32 2200 -0.30' 2.0 70 10.0- 102103 47 32 1600 0.00 - 2.0 355 10.0 113116 999 215 2200 0.00 2.0 355 24.0 203116 285 32 2200 0.00 6.0 56 10.0 103202 91 32 2200- +1.00 15.0 292 10.0 103413 999 215 2200 +1.00 2.0 355 24.0 203116 285 121 '1600 +1.50 2.0 160 25.0 213107 356 32 2200- +1.50 6.0 56 10.0 103202 91 32 1200 +1.50 15.0 56 10.0 113402 999 32 2200 +1.50 0.6 56 10.0 103102 91

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MIMRY TABLE 6 YERIFICATION OF WINP SPEED ADJUSTMENT Objective Verify the proper scaling of the wind speeds in the nonuniform wind fields based on wind speed values measured at SONGS (wind speed should not be scaled below 0.75 mph.)

Method Comoare the computer generated wind speed values from the input data given below to the wind field prior to adjustment (requires a printout of the unadjusted wind field for each test).

Input Data Meteorological input data given for indices 21110, 211116, 212311, 202406, 103202, 213107, and 91 (both) in Table 5.

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TABLE 7 VERIFICATION OF DISPERSION AND TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS Page 1 of 3 Objective Verify the operation and calculation of plume dispersion and transport including verification of individual components as well as the inte-grated system. (The components to be tested include building wake, stability and mixing height, vertical and horizontal plume dispersion coefficients, wind direction, travel distance and width of plume segment, and concentrations and deposition at the site boundary and various receptor points.)

Methods

1. Use single 15-minute values of meteorological input data to test particular components or operations.

2. Use sequential uniform configurations of identical meteorological data to test temporal operations of the model.

3. Use sequential nonuniform test configurations of identical meteornlogical data to test temporal operations with nonuniform fields.

4. Use sequential test configurations with varying input data to test full operation of the system. ,

. Input Data

1. Individual 15-minute Values for Component Test Julian .

Index Dete Time AT (*C) Ws (rph) to (dog) T,-T, (*CJ Reason 213311 181 100o +o.1o 10.o 245 2 stable uniform Fleid/CIBL 213111 181 1000 -0.40 10.o 245 2 unstable uniform Field /CIBL 213311 181 1000 +o.lo 10.0 245 o stable uniform Fleid/Pc CIBL 213301 181 100o +o.10 10.o 360 o Direction Change; stsbie uniform Fiele/

Pb CIBL The above individual'15-minute runs will be made separately includ-ing decay and deposition, and without decay and deposition.

2. Uniform Field /CIBL (Repeat data 3 times)

Julian Index Date Time AT (*C) WS (mph) WD(deg) Ta-Tw (*C) 213311 181 1000 +0.10 10.0 245 2

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3. Uniform Field /No CIBL (Repeat data 4 times)

Julian Index Date Time AT (*C) WS(mph) WD(deg) Ta-Tw (*C) 212110 181 1000 -0.30 [3.0] 225 0

4. Uniform Field / Varying Stability Julian-Index Date Time AT (*C) WS (mph) WD (deg) Ta-Tw(*C) 112402 31 1000 -0.30 13.0 045 0 113402 31 1000 +0.10 13.0 045 0 112402 31 1000 -0.30 13.0 045 0 113402 31 1000 +0.10 13.0 045 0

5. Uniform Field / Varying Wind Direction Julian Index Date Time aT (*C) WS (mph) WD(deg) Ta-Tw(*C) 112302 31 -1000 -0.30 10.0 045 0 112310 31 1000 -0.30 10.0 225 0 112302 31 1000 -0.30 10.0 045 0 112310 31 100C -0.30 10.0 225 0

6. Uniform Field / Varying Wind Speed Julian Index Date Time AT (*C) WS (mph) WD (deg) Ta-Tw(*C) 112110 31 1000 -0.30 1.0 225 0 112310 31 1000 -0.30 10.0 225 0 112110 31 1000 -0.30 1.0 225 0 112310 31 1000 -0.30 10.0 225 0

7. Nonuniform Field / Deletion of Plume Segments (Repeat data 6 times)

Julian Index Date Time AT (*C) WS (mph) WD (deg) Ta-Tw(*C) 213412 181 1000 +0.10 13.0 270 0

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. 3 E WNARY TABLE 7 (Continued) Page 3 of 3

8. Varying Field Type (Nonunifonn/ Uniform)

Julian Index Date Time AT ('C) WS (mph) WD (deg) Ta-Tw('C) 102301 31 2000 -0.30 10.0 020 0 102309 31 2000 -0.30 10.0 200 0 102301 31 2000 -0.30 10.0 020 0 102301 31 2000 -0.30 10.0 200 0

9. Varying Nonuniform Field Julian

~Index Date Time AT ('C) WS (mph) WD(deg) Ta-Tw ('C) 113108 31 1000 +0.10 1.0 180 0 113112 31 1000 +0.10 1.0 270 0

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. 31 1000 +0.10 1.0 025 0 (13106 31 1000 +0.10 1.0 135 0 f

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EARS Dose Calculation Verification Project

' (1) Verification of Release Rate Effects

. Procedure for-Input Released rates of 1, 2 and 10 Ci/sec of gross noble gas will be input

.to the computer as indicated in Rms #1, 2 and 3 of Table I.

Output Data Required The output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated values of the whole body dose rate at two points on the centerline of the plume and two points off axis to the plume.

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(2)' Verification of Windspeed Effects Procedure for Input Wind speeds of 2, 5 and 10 mps will be input to the computer as

.. indicated in- Rms #1, 4 and 5 of Table I.

Output Data Required The output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated

^ values of the whole body dose rate at two points on the centerline of the v.olume and two points off axis to the plume.

(3) Verification of Stability Class Effects Procedure for Input Stability classes of A, C and F will be input to the computer as indicated in Rms #1, 6 and 7 on Table I.

s Output Data Required The output of the-computer must agree with the hand calculated valdes of the whole bodyidose rate at two points on the centerline

- of the pl ime ar.d two noints off axis to the plume.

(4)' Verification of Isotope Mix Effects Procedure for Input 1 Ci/sec of gross noble gas and iodine will input to the computer as indicated in Runs #1, 8, .10 and 11.

Output Data Required The output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated values for' whole body. and thyroid dose rate at two points along the centerline of the plume and two points off axis of the plume.

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(5) Verification of Isotope Specific Effects.

. Procedure for Input 1 Ci/sec of Cs-137, Xe-133 and I-131 will be input to the computer as indicated on Runs #9, 10 and 11 of Table I.

Output Data' Required-The output:of the computer must agree with hand calculated values for whole body and thyroid dose at two points along the centerline of:the plume and two points off axis to the plume.

(6); ~ Verific'ation of Dose' Type Calculations

-Procedure for Input-

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'l Ci/sec of Cs-137 will be input to the computer as indicated on Runs #9 and 12 of Table I.

o Output Data Required

^The output of the computer:must agree with the hand calculated values for-whole; body and lung dose rates at two points along the centerline of 7the plume and two points off axis to the plume.

. (7) Verification of Initial Effective Age Effects Procedure for Input 1 Ci/sec of gross noble gas with effective ages of 0,-2*and 8 hours9.259259e-5 days <br />0.00222 hours <br />1.322751e-5 weeks <br />3.044e-6 months <br /> will be input to the computer as indicated in. Runs-#1,13 aad 14 on Table I.

Output Data Required

.The output of the computer must-agree with the hand calculated values

'for;the whole body dose rate at two points along the centerline of the plume and two points off axis to.the plume.

_(8). Verification of Plume Duration Effects

.30 Procedure for Input

1 C1/sec of gross noble gas with update durations of 15, 60 and 400 min will be input to the computer as indicated on Rus #1,15 and 16'of Table I,

< Output' Data Required LThe output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated values for. the whole body dose rate at two points along the centerline of the plume _and two points off axis to the plume.

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(9)~ Verification of Downwind Distance Calculations Procedure for Input.

1 C1/sec of. gross' noble gas with a plume duration of 480 min will be input- to the computer as indicated in Run i/16 on Table I.

0utput Data Required-The output of the ' computer'must agree with-the hand calculated values for the whole body dose rate at distances down wind at EAB, 1 mile and 5 miles.

(10) Verification of Wet Deposition Procedure for Input' 1 Ci/sec of gross iodine will.be input to the computer with precipitation of 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mm during the update period as indicated by Runs #8, 17 and 18 on Table I.

Output Data' Required f The output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated thyroid

' dose rates at two points along the centerline of the' plume and two points off axis to the plume.

(11)' -Verification of Dry Deposition

-Procedure for Input

1 Ci/sec of Cs-137 and I-131 will be input to the computer as indicated by Runs #9 and 11.

Output Data Required The output of the computer must agree with the hand calculated whole body;and thyroid dose rates at two points along the centerline of

-the' plume ana.two points off axis to the plume.

. (l'2) Verification of Mixina Height Calculation Procedure for Input

- :1 Ci/sec of gross noble gas with mixing layers of 1627, 101'and 1000 m:will be input to the_ computer as . indicated by Runs #1,19

and 20.

Output Data Required

'The output of the computer must agree to the hand calculated values for the whole body' dose rate at two points along the centerline of the. plum and two points off axis to the plume.

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xi aa 2 A " " " " 2 6 6 6 1 U i e tl 6 I MH SC 1 1 1 1 d s s s de p p p nep i p m " " m m 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 WS 2 5 1

c e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 S 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

/Q 1 i

C f

5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 N 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 U 1 R