ML20083J786

First Quarterly Progress Rept,Crystal River Studies

ML20083J786
Person / Time
Site:	Crystal River
Issue date:	11/30/1983
From:	STONE & WEBSTER ENGINEERING CORP.
To:
Shared Package
ML20083J777	List: 3F0184-05, Forwards Ltrs Submitted to EPA Re 316 Study Info,Per ETS, Part Ii,Section 3.2 Re Thermal Impacts from Plant Operation & Larval Entrainment & Adult Impingement ML20083J786
References
NUDOCS 8401100309
Download: ML20083J786 (64)

Text

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. A l

l FIRST QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT CRYSTAL RIVER STUDIES OCTOBER 3, 1983 Contractor Stone & Webster Egineering Corporation Subcontractor Mote Marine Laboratory Prepared for Florida Power Corporation P. O. Box 14042 St. Petersburg, FL 33733

~ 8401100309 840105 PDR ADOCK 05000302 R PDR '

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 PROGRAM, MODIFICATIONS 2.1 BENTH05 2.1.1 Aerial Photographs 2.1.2 Oyster Reef 2.1.3 Physical Parameters 2.2 IMPINGEMENT AND ENTRAINMENT 2.2.1 Entrainment Statiens 2.2.2 Entrainment Sampling in Creeks 2.3 FISHERIES 2.3.2 offshore Seines 2.3.3 Block and Creek Seining 2.3.3 Crab Tagging 2.4 PHYSICAL STUDIES l

2.4.1 Current Profiling .

3.0

SUMMARY

OF PROGRESS 3.1 MOBILIZATION '

3.2 FIELD COLLECTIONS 3.3 LABORATORY ANALYSES 3.4 DATA CCMPUTERIZATION 3.4.1 Input 3.4.2 Processing ,

3.5 PHYSICAL MODELING 4.0 DATA TABLES- NOT INCLUDED IN THis SumMART

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 BENTHOS 4.3 IMPINGEMENT AND ENTRAINMENT 4.4 FISHERIES 4.5 PHYSICAL DATA

1.0 INTRODUCTICN In response to, the requirements of Part III-H, NPDES Permit No. FL0000159 dated July 9, 1979 for Crystal River Units 1, 2, and 3, Florida Power Corporation prepared an ecological monitoring program for the area adjacent to the Crystal River power plant site. The ecological monitoring program is designed to address the objectives of a 316 demonstration as set forth in:

" Interagency 316(a) Technical Guidance Manual and Guide for The rmal Effects Sections of Nuclear Power Facilities Environmental Impact Statements" and " Guidance for Evaluating the Adverse Impact of Cooling Water Intake Jtructures on the Aquatic Environment: Section 316(b) P.L.92-500."

Comparisor.s of data (control versus effected areas) will be made within the proposed study and with previous studies, wher'e appropriate. The coastal area west of the power plant is characterized by salt marsh dominated by Juncus roemarianus with narrow bands of Spartina alterniflora near the'~ water's edge. The bottom in the adjacent coastal marine area is comprised of sand, mud, shell hash (oyster bars), and exposed lime rock with scattered patches of seagrass, attached benthic algae, and attached benthic invertebrates.

The sampling program was designed to address the following impacts:

1. Thermal impacts from the operati a of the power plant (316 (a)).

2. Intake effects in the form of larval entrainment and adult impingement (316 (b)).

The Crystal River monitoring program is summarized in Table 1-1.

This table indicates the types of sampling, number of sampling stations, number of replicates, frequency of sampling, total number of samples, and the overall duration of sampling. Each element of the program falls under one of four major headings:

Benthos, Impingement and Entrainment, Fisheries, and Physical Studies.

1-1

I AHL L l-1 -

SUMMAHY Of I C010CI CAI PitOCHAM CHYSIAL HIVtH S1001LS No. 00' No. o f' iotal No. Study

' hi!sov Component Sulions Hepu {requency Samoles fgenod I. 11enthos A. Ucrithic core 20 6(+2) Quarterly 600 15 mos 20 6(+2) 6 wks 1200 1$ mos it . Macrophyte mappisig 50 10 Quarterly + 3000 1$ mos I Pre l imina ry 9( isiteres. ) 10 6 wks 900 15 mos 9( i n teinso ) $ 6 wks 4$0 15 mos C. Aerial photographs 1 1 3 times 3 l$ mos D. Oyster reef 9 90 Monthly ar 14$80 12 mos Bimonthly E. Sa l t ma r sh p r og ram 8 24 6 wks 1920 15 mos I. Physical

a. Cli t o r ophy l l 'a' 8 2 depths Were k l y 1040 1$ mus

b. Sed i neen t 40 3 Quarterly 1200 1$ mos

c. Photometry 40 1 profile Weekly 2600 1$ mos

d. leerbidity, 0.0., 40 neu t t i p le Weekly $200 15 mos pit, SaIinsty, depth Temperature

e. Serd s ment lemp- 40 1 depth Qua rte rly 200 l$ mos esature, th 20 1 depth 6 wks 200 I$ mos

11. Impingemorat and Ent ra inment A. lapingement 3 4 Weekly + 660 12 mos 3 times D. Lntrainment 1$ 3 Biweekly 2880 1$ mos day /riight i11. Iisheries A. Irawl 9 Monthly 7$6

/ 12 mos (riight )

B. Sesnes 4 2 Monthly 96 12 mos C. Drop net . 2 2 Monthly 48 12 mos I of 2

I Allt i 1-1 (Cont)

No. ur No. or lotal rio. Study hl!"8 Y_fiump9Ec!!L S t_a t i on s - Henm trequency Samples fe;rios!

D. Creek trawls 4 7 Monthly 336 12 mos (day)

E. Crah t raps IPO 1 17 times 2040 4 mos I. Crab ispirigemerst 1 I 17 times 11 4 mas IV. Physical Sitsd e e s A. Suspended loads 40 4 analyses Biweekly $120 15 mos 15 . flathymetry - - -

I survey -

C. Short-term 16 1 -

Variable 2 mos D. Long-Term 51 1 or 2 Continuous Variable 12 mos

1. Meteorology 1 1 Continuous Va riable 15 mos

1. Iemperature profiles Variable 2 Va riabl e Variable 2 mos

. l.

2 or 2 l

i

F- .

2.0 PROGRAM MODlf! CATIONS Every effort has been made to conduct the Crystal River study as previously planned and approved by agency personnel. At the same time, it is understood that assumptions were made during the planning process concerning conditions which v ald be encountered and the appropriate sampling methods to be "< 3 J at the ' site. The results of initial sampling and other perience gained at Crystal River have been used to evaluate these assumptions. In several instances, changes to the program have been warranted.

In each case, approval has been sought and obtained from Florida Power Corporation prior to instituting the change. The following material summarizes changes, by program component, made since field sampling was initiated.

The changes noted are intended to provide data of equal or better quality than would have bten provided by the earlier designs to fulfill the needs of the program. Each element of the field program has been carefully reviewed as it was initiated and changes made if needed. All components have now been conducted at least once so few, if any, additional changes are anticipated.

Figures 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3 are provided to show revised sampling locations for crab traps, entrainment sampling, and seining.

2.1 BENTH05 2.1.1 Aerial Photographs '

It has been proven impossible to ebtain aerial photographs under summer weather conditions, primarily due to consistent haze.

Similar problems are anticipated for next year, and the macrophyte program, which uses the photographs, needs only photographs taken in early fall and spring. Thus, program requirements have been reduced to three photographs to be taken between August 1983 and April-May 1984. This level of effort better reflects site conditions.

2.1.2 Oyster Reef No adequate means could be found to clean oyster clumps for studies of associated fauna or to identify, weigh, and measure individual oysters within clumps for mortality and growth studies. Thus, individual oysters are used for the latter studies. These are placed in small wire trays - 10 in each tray, 9 trays for each station. Associated fauna is defined by harvesting three clumps of naturally occurring oysters at each station. These chenges provide the desired information while overcoming the logistical problems.

2-1

[ .

2.1.3 Physical Parameters Weekly temperature and conductivity data is to be collected within 90 minutes centered on a high or low tide. For several weeks, the attempt was made to cover 40 stations within this time frame, but while most stations were satisfactorily sampled, some were sampled,too lata. These delays also affected the collection of other water quality parameters within the four hour tice frame for photometry, sometimes causing the longer period to be exceeded. Since the prime objective of the temperature data collection involves monitoring the thermal discharge area, the problems were corrected by reducing the number of stations at which temperature and conductivity must be measured within the 90 minute period from 40 to 27 (Stations 4 through 30). The stations remaining encompass all stations between the intake spoil and the barge canal. The program has successfully met its goals since the change.

2.2 IMPINGEMENT AND ENTRAINMENT 2.2.1 Entrainment Stations Station B was intended to be a thermally-affected station, but review of temperature data collected in June indicated the station was too far north and west. The depth of water at low tide (about 3 feet)-also made sampling impossible. Therefore, the station was moved south and east to coincide'with benthic '

core station 20 to provide adequate water depth and exposure to the thermal discharge. Stations I and K represent control stations, but they were located beyond the area to be modeled and in an area observed to have different water quality conditions than elsewhere within the study area. To better reflect

" control" stations and to permit the data to be used as input to i

source water body analyses, the stations were moved north and slightly west.

i

2.2.2 Entrainment' Sampling in Creeks Towed net samples had been planned for Cutoff and Salt Creeks, however, irregular bottom cen<ours and limiting water depths precluded this technique. to obtain samples representative of ,

i organisms moving in and out of the creeks, samples are now being taken at the height of ebb or flood tides using a stationary plankton sled. The sled is the same one used to collect grassbed

( samples.

2.3 FISHERIES i 2.3.1 Offshore Seines Bottom conditions precluded seining on either the north or south shores of the intake spoil. Feasible sampling locations were found at Demory Gap and at Doghead Gap. These stations should i

2-2 l

also be more representative of thermal discharge conditions than previously planned locations.

2.3.2 Block and Creek Seining Initial efforts to conduct this type of sampling was unsuccessful due to creek size, topography, and bottom conditions.

Alternative methods were considered at length but many were precluded by local conditions or by the need to provide a fairly representative sample of fish and macroinvertebrates in the creeks. While no gear would precisely substitute for seining, trawling proved to be feasible and will provide appropriate samples.

2.3.3 Crab Tagging on advice from local fishermen and the Department of Natural Resources (DNR), the crab traps are baited with shad rather than cat food. To be consistent with DNR and to reduce manpower requirements, traps are left in place for seven days rather than five. To facilitate analysis and to provide information on crabs just south of the intake spoil, the four transects are now equal in length and Transect B has been relocated south of the intake cpoil.

2.4 PHYSICAL STUDIES 2.4.1 Current Profiling A change was made in this component by reallocating the effort.

In each of the five cha~nnels being sampled (intake, discharge, Crystal and Withlacocchee Rivers, Barge Canal), a transect with five stations is occupied rather than a single station. The effort at the eleven offshore stations will be reduced; each station will be sampled two rather than four times each month.

The resulting data is sufficient for modeling, and overall, this change will enhance model input data.

2-3

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t 3.0

SUMMARY

OF PROGRESS

]

3.1 MOBILIZATION Mobilization for the program was completed on June 3. 1983, according to schedule. Mobilization activities completed were

. Set up of physical facilities on site, i.e., laboratory trailers, docks, meteorological station, etc.

Purchase of all equipment and supplies necessary to commence the project.

Reconnaissance surveys and deployment of marker buoys.

3.2 FIZLD COLLECTIONS All. field collections were made according to schedule. No major problems were encountered. A summary of the field collections made during the first quarter is shown in Table 3-1.

3.3 LABORATORY ANALYSES Laboratory analyses of samples collected in the various components of the program is progressing smoothly. As expected, meroplankton (entrainment) samples are heavy at this time (spawning season) and, therefore, laboratory analysi~s is lagging well behind the field . collections.

caught up before March 1984 However, we expect to be (during winter). All other components are progressing according to schedule. A summary of the status of laboratory analysis is shown in table 3-2.

3.4 DATA COMPUTERIZATION 3.4.1 Input Acquisition of suitable computer hardware to ensure compatibility between MML (input) and SWEC (processing) and placing the equipment on line occupied much of the first quarter.

Establishment of standard data formats and initial input of various types of data took place primarily during August.

, To date, machine compatibility has been firmly established, but j problems have risen in the development of standard formats for the many types of data. The philosophy has been to use input formats closely resembling or identical with field log records.

Development of these new formats, rather than using existing ones, and incorporating the formats into the activities of each program component have taken a considerable amount of time. This effort has also been accomplished in parallel with field collections and laboratory analyses. Problems have both delayed input of some types of data and necessitated reentry of data sets.

3-1

The problems now have been solved and we expect to be on schedule before for the the end ofsamples following October 1983. Data has been entered (to date)

a. Benthic core samples from July 25 (1983) sampling.

b. oyst'r e

reef samples 'from the first retrieval sampling (August 8 and 9, 1983).

c. Salt marsh samples from the first sampling (June 13 through 17, 1983),

d. Macrophyte samples from the first sampling (June 20 through 30, 1983).

e. Photometry, temperature, salinity, and pH measurements from the first eight samplings (June 9 through July 26, 1983).

f. Turbidity and chlorophyll "a" samples from the first eight samplings (June 9 through July 26, 1983).

g. Impingement samples from the first eight samplings (June 6 through July 26, 1983).

h. Entrainment samples from the first sampling (June 23 through 25, 1983). ~

i.

Fisheries samples .from the first two samplings (June and July 1983).

j.

Suspended solids samples from the first four samplings (June 9 through July 20, 83).

3.4.2 Processing Data files are received by SWEC on diskettes, logged in, and read into the SWEC computer. To date, files referenced in Section 3.4.1, as well as species codes and scientific names.

have been received. Data for crab trapping and recapture, as well as data on length-weight, fecundity, and parasitism of selected fish and invertebrate species are not scheduled until the second quarter.

The data files received by SWEC were checked for completeness and accuracy with the aid of a computerized summary and variable range review. Data of almost all types have been checked.

Problems have been identified as have the means to resolve them.

At this writing, revised data sets are being produced to conform to agreed upon formats.

3-2

- a m v -

3.5 PHYSICAL MODELING The primary objective during this quarter has been to effect modifications to the finite element model in order to better simulate critical features at the Crystal River site. The modifications, considered characteristically avoid changes within the central computational scheme, thus preserving the model's qualification derived from its wide use within the scientific community.

The original model provided cpen-water boundary input of current or tide height in the form of a sinusoidal function. The modifications are now complete which allow tabular input of current and/or tide height around the open boundaries. The model can, therefore, be driven by any periodic function which is derived from the field data collection program.

Modifications to better simulate the hydrodynamic behavior near oyster bars is in progress. In the presently favored scheme, the sides of elements are to be locally aligned with the axis of the oyster bars. Nodal values are assigned on each side in order te allow discrete longitudinal current and tide heights to be simulated on each side. Of course, the lateral current across the oyster bar applies to elements on both sides and is calculated by a function describing flow through openings and overtopping, all controlled by the tide height on,each side of the oyster bar. To date, 16 simplified finite element grid

• arrangements have been employed in an effort to systematically explore the properties of this scheme.

Another scheme is under consideration at this time wherein a flow restriction through the element side is effected by employing a single line of nodes along the axis of the oyster bars. This scheme does not permit the discrete changes in longitudinal currents and tide heights available in the previous scheme, and this loss would have to be evaluated. Lateral currents would be simulated in eithEr case. Such a scheme is commonly employed in finite difference models.

The bathymetry data collected has been reduced, and three ,

separate source maps can be employed in determining local depths.

All maps have been reproduced on mylar to the same scale in preparation for grid construction for the site.

A primary purpose for the August short term surveys was plume delineation in the near field. Although the data have not been reduced, preliminary results of the August 13 survey have been prepared and included as Figures 4-1 through 4-8. The tide condition at that time was semidiurnal and plant conditions showed three units in operation.

3-3

. 7 ,. _

IABLE 3-1 -

FittSi QUAHIER Fl[LD COLLECilONS, CRYSTAL RIVER STUDIES No. or No. of Collectiori Stations Samples Jag Dages Samoled Collected Commen(3 f.A. Benthic Core 06/13-14/83 40 320 No problems 07/25/83 26 160 No problems 1.d. Oyster fteer 01/11-15/83 9 $670 Deployed 08/08-09/83 9 810 Deployed 08/08-09/83 9 810 Retrieved 8.C. Salt Marsh 06/13-11/83 8 192 No problems 01/24-29/83 8 192 No problems I.D. Macrophytes

1. Ground truthing 06/20-24/fl3 2.

50 500 No problems Insensitive monitoring 06/21-30/83 8 40 Unable to rised 3 seagrass bed stations in thermal a rea

3. Seag ra ss g rowth 08/01-05/83 9 45 No problems 06/21-30/83 8 8 Clepped 01/11-15/83 8 8 Hetrieved 08/01-05/83 9 9 Clipped 08/15-19/83 8 8 Hetrieved (I sta. lost) 8.E. Aerial Pho tog raphy 08/21/83 I I No photography during May-July because or ground haze 1.f. Photometry 1 Light, temp., sal., pil 06/09/83 40 -

t3aht window not mot 06/15/81 40 -

Window not met 06/22/83 40 -

Wisadow met 06/30/83 40 -

Witidow met 01/01/83 40 -

Window mot 01/12/83 40 -

Window met 01/20/83 80 4 -

Window met 07/26/83 80 4 -

Window met 08/03/83 f0 4 -

Witidow met 08/10/83 10 4 -

Window met 08/19/83 40 -

Window met 08/24/83 10 4 -

Wisidow met 08/30/83 10 4 -

Wisidow met

' I or 4 8

1 en

IAutf 3-1 (Cont)

No. of No. of Co;tectson Stations Samples Jask Da tets SempgL Collected CommenL}

2. Iurbadity 06/09/83 80 4 13 No gasoblems 06/1's/83 a0 a 73 No problems 06/22/83 10 4 18 No problems 06/30/83 seu 11 No protstems 01/01/83 40 18 No protslems 01/12/83 80 4 14 No protslems 07/20/83 isu 81 No giroblems 01/26/81 40 16 No problems

08/03/81 40 17 No problems 08/10/813 8su 15 No problems 08/19/83 40 85 No p r ots t ems 08/28/834 40 93 No problems 08/30/83 40 66 No problems

3. ChlorophylI "a" 06/09/83 8 15 No problems 06/1'>/ 8 3 8 17 No problems 06/22/83 8 16 No problems 06/30/81 8 15 No problems 01/07/83 8 15 No problems 01/12/83 8 16 No problems 01/20/83 8 15 No problems 01/26/83 8 il No problems l 08/03/83. 8 15 No problems 08/10/83 8 16 No problems 08/19/83 8 20 No problems 08/24/83 8 14 No problems 08/30/83 8 16 No problems 1.G. Sedaments

1. IOC a nd g ra rsu t ome t r y O(,/13-11/83 40 120 No problates 09/O's-09/8 3 40 120 No psoblems

2. Sulfides 06/13-21/83 40 120 No problems

3. lemp., Ih 08/29-09/0?/83 80 4 120 No problems 06/13- 18a/8 8 sO e 40 No problems 07/25/83 20 20 No problems ll.A. Impingement 06/06-01/88 2 8 No problems 06/13-14/81 2 8 No problems 06/23-24/83 1 4 Basket broise 01/01-02/83 2 8 No problems 01/05-06/83 2 8 No problems O l/14- l's/8 3 2 8 No problems 01/19-?O/83 3 10 k<2 problems 01/25-26/83 3 12 No psoblems 08/08-o'2/83 4 3 12 No problems 08/09-10/83 3 10 Operator error 08/15-16/83 3 12 No problems 2 o l' 4 i

_ _ . _ _ _. - - . - _ _ _ ~ . _ - -

IAUlf 3-1 ( Corit )

No. of No. of Collectson Statsons Samples lash Dates Sa_mplejL Collected j Lg Comme _r 08/25-26/83 3 12 No problems lapingement (3 mm) 01/01/83 2 2 No problems 07/2$/83 3 3 No problems 08/26/83 3 3 No problems

. 11.0. f r.t ra i nmen t 06/23-25/83 15 120 No problems 01/06-08/83 15 120 No problems 01/21-22/83 15 120 No problems 08/01-02/83 15 120 No psob1 ens 08/15-11/53 15 120 No problems 08/31-09/01/83 15 120 No problems lit. F i she ri e s

1. Irawl 06/21-30/83 9 63 No problems 07/26-21/83 9 63 No problems 08/?3-24/83 9 63 No problems

2. Seines 06/28-01/01/83 4 8 No problems 07/26-28/83 4 8 No problems

3. Orop net 08/22-23/83 4 8 No problems 0 //0*>-06/ 8 3 2 4 No problems 01/21-28/83 2 4 No problems 08/22-23/83 2 4 No problems

4. Creek trawls 07/26-21/83 4 28 No problems s

08/22-284/83 4 28 No problems IV.A.I. Oathymetry 06/06-07/83 I survey -

Weather problems 06/13-14/83 1 survey -

Ha i r comple te 06/28-30/83 I survey -

Al l com;:.lete IV.A.2. Short lesm

1. Iide gauges 08/01-30/83 16 16 15 percent 2 Current meters data recovery 08/01-30/83 16 16 95 percent

3. Vertical profiles data recove ry 08/01-30/83 6 84 64 No problems

4. Stream cross sections 08/01-30/83 4 4 No problems i

IV.A.3. long Term 06/04-10/83 $1 72 neployed O//04-08/83 49 69 Retrieved (3. lost) 01/04-08/83 51 72 neployed 08/01-05/83 43 60 Hetrieved (19 lust) i

, 08/01-05/83 43 60 neployed 08/06-12/83 5 7 neployed 3 of 4 i

TABLE 3-1 (Cont)

No. of No. of l Collection Stations Samples

.Jash Dales _ _ Sampled Collected Comments 08/1$-16/83 3 $ Deployed IV.B. Suspended toad 06/09/83 40 74 No problems 06/??/83 40 79 No problems 01/07/83 40 80 No problems OT/?O/83 40 83 No problems 08/03/83 40 7T No problems 08/19/83 40 85 No problems 08/30/83 40 70 No problems IV.C. Meteorology Station t ully operational except for the per 'od 08/05-25/83 when lightning struck and damaged the system, o

l O

e 3

4 of 4

=_- --

I Atil l~ 3-2 SIA1US Of LABORAIOHY ANALYSES 10 DAIE (09/26/83)

CHYSIAL HIVER SIUDifS Samples Samples Samples Collected to be Analyzed JaQ _Lo DateL Aria lyzed to Date C_o_mmJe L s B.A. henthic Core 1 Rough sorting 800 600 2 Identifications 360 No problems 800 600 300 No problems 1.B. Oyster Heer 1 Oystess 10,620 10,620 2 Associated fauna 10,620 No problems

% $4 27 (clumps) 8.C. Sa l t Ma rsh 576 $76 384 No problems 4.D. Ma rcophy te s 1 Ground t reethirig 1,000 1,000

2. Intensive morai toririg 1,000 No problems 130 130 85 No problems

3. Seagrass growth 16 16 16 No problems 1.F. Photometry

1. Turbidity 1,22U 1,220

2. Chloroplayll "a" 1,220 No problems 253 251 251 No problems e.C. Sediments

1. IOC and g ra nu lome t ry 240 240 120 No problems

2. Sulfides 240 240 240 No problems ll.A. Impingement

1. Regular 166 166 122 No problems

2. 3 mm 8 8 5 No problems ll.H. Entrainment 840 630 180 No problems lit. Fisheries

1. Irawl 2S?

2. Se irie s 252 126 No problems 32 32 24 No problems

3. Drop het 16 16

4. Creek trawls 12 No problems 84 84 28 No problems IV.B. Suspended Solids

1. ISS 616

2. VSS 616 616 No probieras 616 616 616 No problems 1 or I

4.0 DATA TABLES 4.1 INTRODUCTICH Production of summary data tables has been delayed by problems noted in Section 3, however, it is intended that future quarterly reports will contain tables in the formats displayed in subsequent sections. These will be computer generated and are meant to provide summaries of all significant program elements rather than to display all data collected. Data manipulation will be minimal to permit examination of basic information. For example, while replicates at a station will be averaged, stations would not be combined to look at thermal versus control areas.

Such analysis will occur after completion of the field effort.

4-1

4 4.2 BENTH05 1

k I

t I

l 4

0 i

h l

t f

I

,I k

I 4-2 ,

e

. . ~ . - . _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ . . - _ . _ . . _ _ _. _ .... __ _ ,._.. ,..._ ._ ... _ _ .. _., , _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . . . , - _ _ ~ . , _ _ _ . , . . _ . _ .

l .

BENTH0S DENSITY JUNE STATIONS SPECIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 . . 40 I

BENTH0S MACROPHITE GROUND TRUTHING PERCENT COVER JUNE DOMINANT SPECIES STATION S : T i U i i i i i i i i 1

2 3

4 5

4 O

50 I

l

i BENTH0S  :

MACROPHYTE INTENSIVE SAMPLING VARIATION WITH IOCATION

^

JULY STATION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SP. I Percent Cover Biomass

~ Density Growth SP. Y Pers:nt Cover Biomass Density Growth ,

SP. Z Perstat Cover Bicmass Density Growth

BENTH0S SPARTINA MARSH DENSITY, BIOMASS AND HEIGHT w, ,

x JUNE N

STATION s DAVIS FENCE THERMAL MI WAY CONTROL UPPER LOWER IDCATIONS ISLAND SALT CK SALT CK 1

LH _

LW LD W

2 g

..Lv 4

LD ,

W 3

LH .

LW LD W

N

'M La LD w L LH Live Height LV Live Weight LD Live Density W Dead Weight

% m

^

N '

\.s x

BENTH0S OYSTER NORTALITI - MONTHLY SAMPLES MONTH July August September STATION No. Live No. Dead No. Live No. Dead No. Live No. Dead 1

2 3

4 5

6 7

8 9

-m__=_-_ __---

9 BENTH0S VEEKLY TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS JUNE WEEK 1 2 3 4 STATION S B . S 3 . S 8 i S B i 1

2 3

4 5

6 7

8 9

10 e

0 40 l

BENTH0s VEExLY CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS JUNE vEEx 1 2 3 4 snT10N s a s a s a s s

!  ! i 1

2 3

4 5

6 7

8 9

10 e

O 40

4.3 IMPINGEMENT A!!D E!!TRAINMENT k

9 4

i i

l 4-3

9 IMPINGEMENT

SUMMARY

SPECIES TOTAL NUMBER COLLECTED l

l l

e 1

IMPINGEMENT SPECIES, NUMB'2, AND WEIGHT OF OBGANISMS COLLECTED UNIT 1 JUNE Aver. No. Aver. Wt. Frequency SPECIES Per 6 Hr. I Per 6 Hr. I Sampled I

f I

f

MTRAIMMENT DENSITY BY STATION JUNE STATION SPECIES A e B i C i D i E i F i G i H i I i J i K i

9 A

ENTRAINNIDIT DDISITY BY STATION JUNE i

l SPECIES L , M , N , P ,

1 1

t

4.4 FISHERIES l

(

l e

f 4-4

FISHERIES NUMBER AND WEIGHT BY GEAR TRAWL JUNE STATION SPECIES T1 T2 ;

T3 ,

Tis T5  ; T6 , T7 , T8 , T9 .

No. (wt.)

FISHERIES NUMBER AND WEIGHT OF CRABS TRAPPED Blue Crab Stone Crab STATION No. Width No. Width 1

2 3

4 5

O O

?

l I

4.5 PHYSICAL DATA L

t S

4-5

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a.

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[ 35 J4

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t.4 2.- .'s%. w..h 22

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- . , , ',. , - v . - \

~.

.r.

/l A' . . s .f.

ii NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGURE 4-1 SURFACE TEMPERATURES MID EBB (0846-0946)

AUGUST 13,1983 FLORDIA POWER CORPQR ATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

4.....' .*

A- ' grgin , . * .- ...' ;. . .f  ?%:.. . . . 9 .t.i;.' -

C

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~

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n

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+

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$ k'. . ..' . , . ' . '.' = .5,' .

~

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t

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- -< ,.T -11 T-'h '.'t z w ", " .,.

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h,. . *.-r-NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGURE 4-2 BOTTOM TEM PERATURES MID EBB (0846-0946)

AUGUST 13, 1983 FLORDIA POWER CORPORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

0 s ,I .'

cN- ' r, fty* ',': * .,-*'* -(. ~; s e .

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?

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r .

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g...,..

.J' NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGU R E 4-3 SURFACE TEMPERATURES LOW WATER SLACK (1216-1316)

AUGUST 13, 1983 FLORDIA POWER CORPORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

~;-. ii ch. v, .4.* i.. . .. . . **. ..:: .. .W, a p......; .. .-.

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=- ._ - ._ . a

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NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGURE 4-4 BOTTOM TEMPERATURES LOW WATER SLACK (1216-1316) ,

4 AUGUST 13, 1983 j FLORDI A POWER CORPORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES l l

-, . , - . - - - - - - - , - , . _ _ - - , , - . - _ . - - - - - - - - . - . - - , -.--.-.--,--._-,4 . , . - - _ -

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. -s NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C l

1 FIG URE 4-5 l SURFACE TEMPERATURES i MID FLOOD (1458- 1558)

AUGUST 13, 1983 FLORDIA POWER CORPORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

- - - e -- , e r-- -

r- - - - - - - - - .

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s NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGUR E 4-6 l BOTTOM TEMPERATURES '

MID FLOOD (1458-1558)

AUGUST 13, 1983  ;

I FLORDI A POWER COR POR ATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES 1

I v _~ ., ., ._ _ . . - . _ _ - .-.._r - _,..-~ _ . , _ . _ _ _ , .- _. . _ - _ , _..

x:. ii .

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t

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NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C I

l r

FIGURE 4-7 SURFACE TEMPERATURES HIGH WATER SLACK (1740-1840)

AUGUST 13,1983 FLORDIA POWER CORFORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIE.S

N: .ii V, .E 0ni . . *.,' **

. - -: .* ; ,,

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. _ = - _ . .a

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~

g. p na. r =. +m _a =w.y 4;. ; - , ---- -

3; r. , ., .

/ ,! .  :, R' ' g . p. ' * '

s s NOTE TEMPERATURE IN 'C FIGURE 4-8 BOTTOM TEMPERATURES HIGH WATER SLACK (1740-1840)

AUGUST 13, 1983 FLORDI A POWER CORPORATION CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

s :.

e.,r fy e -

e) . <

kg ' i co.........

October 21, 1983 Mr. Paul J. Traina, Director Water Management Division U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 345 Courtland Street NE Atlanta, GA 30365

Subject:

Crystal River 316 Study

Dear Mr. Traina:

l One aspect of the Crystal River 316 Study includes the quarterly analysis of fish stomach contents from seine and trawl samples collected in control and thermal areas. Discussions with EPA and FDER biologists suggest that the usefulness of the stomach content data in addressing specific 316 a and b objectives is questionable.

Therefore, Florida Power plans to delete this analysis from the fisheries program.

Sincerely, 4)M L so %

William S. O'Brien WSO/ad cc: Mr. D. B. Hicks Mr. J. P. Subramani Mr. L. A. Olsen Mr. D. Farrell General Office 32o1 innty-iourtn street soutn . P O Com 14042. St Petersburg. Ferca 33733 e 813-866-5151

1 i

l

)

l 1

m Power CCapomation December 7, 1983 Mr. Paul J. Traina, Director '

Water Management Division U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 345 Courtland Street Atlanta, Georgia 30365

Subject:

Crystal River 316 Study

Dear Mr. Traina:

During the iirst quarterly progress meeting for the Crystal River 316 Study, Agency representatives expressed the desire to increase the period between quarterly report submittal and the progress meetings. This would allow more complete review of the information submitted in the Reports. Accordingly, Florida Power has revised the reports / meeting schedule as follows:

Quarter Report Meeting 2 1-11 3

02/02/84 4-11 05/03/84 4 7-11 08/02/84 5(Final) 1-31 Unless otherwise noted, future progress meetings will be held at Florida Power's General Office Complex, St. Petersburg. Questions concerning this schedule should be addressed to Mr. Paul Behrens at (813) 866-5521.

Sincerely, DRs 50%

William S. O'Brien Director Environmental & Licensing Affairs WSO/gr cc: Mr. C. H. Kaplan, EPA Mr. Del Hicks, EPA Mr. J. P. Subramani, FDER Dr. L. A. Olsen, FDER Dr. Dan Williams, FDER Mr. Doug Farrell, FDER General Office 32o1 in.ny founn Street Sourn . P O Box 14042. St Petersbur8. Florca 33733 813-("WJ91

F9haridha -

.P. .o. .w. . .e. .r December 12, 1983 Mr. Paul J. Traina, Director Water Management Division U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 345 Courtland Street Atlanta, Georgia 30365

Subject:

Crystal River 316 Study

Dear Mr. Traina:

The first quarterly progress meeting for the Crystal River 316 Study was held on October 27, 1983. Minutes of this meeting are attached for your review.

During the progress meeting EPA representatives expressed interest in having FPC conduct discharge-side sampling at Units 1,2, and 3 as a possible source of plankton density data to evaluate entrainment effects. Apparently, data has recently become available which suggest that discharge sampling provides a better estimate of plankton entrainment densities than intake sampling due to lower avoidance in the discharge.

Florida Power will address the EPA concerns regarding entrainment sampling and plans to approach the question in two phases. In the first phase, a single station will be added in the discharge to collect oblique tows with the same gear and methods currently employed at existing deep water stations (Figure 1). The station will be located at a point where the discharges from Unit 3 and Units 1 and 2 have turned, mixed, and are flowing westward in the canal, but east of the point where the blowdown discharge for Unit 4 enters the canal. While other locations, using other gears have been considered, the need is to compare discharge and intake samples. This necessitates using the same sampling techniques presently employed. Sampling will be initiated before the start of the 1984 spawning season, probably February 1 to be conservative, and continue in parallel with the extsting program.

The results of the sampling will be carefully monitored. If the densities in the discharge samples are not significantly higher than in intake samples, no additignal sampling would take place. If densities are significantly higher, a short-term study would be initiated to address the relationship between the densities at the new station, in the discharges and in the intake canal.

General Office 32o1 nurty-fourin street soutn . P O Box 14042. St Petersburg, Florida 33733 e 813-866 5151

1

- I l

Mr. Paul J. Traina December 12, 1983 Page 2 Florida Power intends to finalize plans to implement this sampling in the "

near future. We would appreciate Agency comments on this proposed plan no later than January 5, 1984. Comments should be addressed to Mr. Paul Behrens at (813) 866-5521.

Sincerely, William S. O'Brien Director Environmental & Licensing Affairs WSO/gr Attachment ec: Mr. C. H. Kaplan, EPA, w/ attachment Mr. Del Hicks, EPA, w/ attachment Mr. J. P. Subramani, FDER, w/ attachment Dr. L. A. Olsen, FDER, w/ attachment Dr. Doug Farrell, FDER, w/ attachment

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2 Mr. Kaplan expressed concern that no one document desc ribed the entire program being conducted and contained figures showing finalized locations of  !

sampling. Mr. Behrens will prepare a single summary document describing the program. Now that all types of sampling have been initiated few changes in {

the program are expected. Mr. Kaplan stressed that the NPDES study >

conducted must be approved by EPA and that he will be the lead person responsible for this project within EPA. He will review thoroughly any future proposed changes.

Changes which have been made in the program since the start of field work were summarized in the quarterly report (previously submitted) and discussed in the meeting. Mr. Kaplan expressed disappointment in changes made in the aerial photography portions of the s tudy. Drs. Mahadevan and Bif fa r explained that changes simply reflected local conditions which precluded the summer photography. In addition, late fall and early spring photos would be sufficient to support the macrophyte program. Mr Raschke suggested that Dr. Mahadevan contact EPA personnel at I.as Vegas who use special films for photographing on hazy days. Dr. Mahadevan will do so. After reviewing the base map produced by using a February aerial photograph, some members of the group questioned inclusion of all the possible grass beds in the vicinity of the discharge. _ It was agreed that the field sampling team would be questioned on this matter and any action necessary would be taken to document macrophytes not directly sampled at present sampling locations.

Dr. Biffar then explained the changes that have been made in the oyster reef program and in the weekly water quality sampling. Mr. Kaplan emphasized the need for information to define background temperature. Mr. Raschke was also concerned that the sampling locations chosen include controls not affected by the plant. He also wants to be assured that reentrainment of organisms or heat is not an issue at this plant. Dr. Biffar explained that based on plots of June and July temperature sampling, the plume measured to +2*C was well within the area sampled and did not extend to Fisherman's Pass. No formal designation of thermal control stations has yet been made, but the extensive study area should provide many possibilities among the stations being sampled.

I Changes in the oyster reef program were acceptable, but Mr. Raschke believes there will be more " noise" in the caged oyster data since the oysters used l come from a potentially different population near the Withlacoochee River.

l He acknowledged that no suitable alternative was available, since one reason for revising the POS involved avoiding destructive sampling.

Dr. Biffar continued the discussion with a review of changes in the en-

trainment sampling program. Mr. Raschke suggested that Station B could be l sampled with alternative methods. Dr. Biffar noted that one criterion

! applied when stations were moved was maintaining the same gear at each station and thus collecting comparable data.

Mr. Raschke also would like to see more plankton entrainment effort in the discharge since net avoidance there might be less of a problem than on the intake side. Mr. Behrens said the question of number of replicates had been discussed extensively but he agreed to talk with Mr. Del Hicks about the adequacy of the existing plan.

B4-14498-37

NOTES OF CONFERENCE J.O.No. 14498 FLORIDA POWER CORPORATION Held in the Offices of Present for:

Florida Power Corporation Crystal River, FL Florida Power Corporation (FPC) -

October 27, 1983 David Voigts Paul Behrens Ron Fuller

• U.S. 'avironmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Jim Patrick Ron Raschke Charles Kaplan Florida Department of Environ-

, - mental Resources (DER)

Lawrence Olsen Mote Marine Laboratory (MML)

Kumar Mahadevan Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation (SWEC)

Tom Eiffar David McDougall Tom Folger John Downing

• Part time PURPOSE The meeting condiEtuted the First Quarterly Progress Meeting for the Crystal River NPDES 316(A) and (B) studies.

DISCUSSION Attachments 1 and 2 provide the meeting agenda and the attendance list.

Mr. Behrens opened the meeting with a brief overview of the project. The development of the original Plan of Study (POS) in 1979 was reviewed, as were subsequent discussions of alternatives with the agencies. In 1982, the POS was revised by MML and early this year the revised program was reviewed and approved by the EPA and Florida DER. The new program included 15 months of sampling. Further changes were made in the program as a result of the bidding process; these changes primarily involve modeling ef forts and were submitted to the agencies for approval. ,

B4-14498-37

m x c

( 3 v .

Dr. Biffar noted the change in entrairment sampling whereby Stations I and J x ..' were moved inside the modeled area to improve the utility of the data in modeling and to avoid sampling very different water conditions. Mr. Olsen stated that Station I was intended to provide a characterization of potential " source water" from the south. Dr. Biffar agreed this could be ,

interesting information but could not be directly applied to describing impacts of the plant. A similar discussion continued over the movement of Station B, which is presently assumed to represent a thermally affected area. Mr. Kaplan was unsure if this station was intended to be a " thermal"

~

station but thought this station was intended to sample the effect of the

- barge canal. It was noted that physical conditions precluded sanpling at L, .A s the previous station as water depth is frequently 3 f t or less.

[ <

Dr. Biffar described changes in the plankton pushnet and fisheries inshore

}' block net andl offshore seining programs. Mr. Rashke was concerned about net

'q avoidance for the stationary creek nets. It was noted that the pushnet was t not feasible, that the stationary nets could obtain samples which are comparable among themselves, and that efforts were being made to sample the

~ periods of greatest tidal flow to minimize avoidance. Relative to offshore P ' ; seining, Mr. Kaplan believed it was intended to seine along the intake dikes to . determine the contribution of the indigenous spawning populations to the

, 3 , entrained pisNkton. No one could confirm this intent. Mr. Behrens will

1 discuss this with Mr. Hicks. Dr. Biffar explained that the changes were

, made only because it was impossible to sample . the original locations and

., because at least one of the stations was intended to be thermally affected.

'N Therefore, locations near the discharge were sought.

.R i

l ',

d Most of the changes made in the crab tagging program were made to make the program simila r to the existing DNR crab tagging program. Mr. Olsen

(' comnented that the biologist in his department, Mr. Dave Farrell, was very r pleased with the changes made to date.

U $\ Dr. Biffar also explained that the current profiling had been modified to 2

\

obtain five profiles spaced across the channels instead of one, and that the

$ number of profiles pe rf ormed at open water stations had been reduced from four 'to two in each month. Mr. McDougall assured the group that the two originally proposed models could still be driven with this data.

Dr. Mahadevan then summarized the results of the field and laboratory efforts of the program. Mr. Rashke asked if copies of the historical records - of; aerial' photography at the site are available. Mr. Behrens

, indicated that FPC has serial photos going back to the 1960's. Mr. Rashke i expects much concern on the extent of the damage to macrophytes and that

,these photos would be very useful. Mr. Voigts noted that the supplement to s the EIS (final) contains a macrophyte map of unknown origin and dubious date. There are indications that the map is wrong and may have been ina'p3ropriately1 inserted into the document. Mr. Kaplan would like the page numbe r whe' r e ' that map appears in the EIS. Dr. Mahadevan noted that there

, had been some initial difficulty encountered in finding the necessary number of macrophyte beds in the discharge zone but that the problem has been resolved. ' Mr. Kaplan was concerned that the macrophyte discharge stations

, are so far from the discharge. It was explained that these are the closest beds to the discharge. Dr. Mahadevan discussed the photometry and t ide vihd,ov temperature sanpling programs. Mr. Kaplan wanted to know the date of B4-14498-37 1

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4 the change in the latter program. Dr. Mahadevan said this occurred after the third week of sampling. Dr. Mahadevan described progress of sampling in the chlorophyll "A", sediment and impingement programs.

Mr. Kaplan asked when it would be known if sampling from two of the four .

screens of each unit would be sufficient to obtain accurate estimates of impingement, since he would lika to request a change in scope trade off for a study of the value of fine mesh screening. Messrs. Behrens and Voigts

.said they were not authorized to discuss fine mesh screening. They also noted that the impingement data does not allow distinction of impingement by acreen. Mr. Kaplan said he would redirect this question of study of fine mesh screening studies to the appropriate people at FPC.

Dr. Mahadevan completed discussing the results of field sampling for j

entrainment, fisheries, crab trapping, bathymetry, and short term studies.

Mr. Kaplan wanted to know details of what data were missing by station for the short term studies. Mr. McDougall said since the models can be driven by either the tide or the current data some options are available to accom-modate missing data. Mr. Kaplan wants a new figure in the revised plan of study to reflect the true sampling locations for current meters and tide gauges. Mr. Kaplan said he also wanted to know what data is missing for thermograph samples by station and day. Dr. Bif far showed Mr. Kaplan the record by station through late September. Dr. Mahadevan said he expects an improvement in recovery of thermograph data since now many crab traps are located in the vicinity of the thermographs thereby camouflaging them.

Mr. Kaplan commented that the benthos and thermograph stations are not the same. Dr. Mahadevan explained that the original thermsgraph program only included 21 stations. There are now 51 thermograph and 40 benthos sampling stations and the existing program now has "about 21". s tations where thermograph data is collected in the vicinity of benthos stations.

Dr. Mahadevan completed his summary with explanations of results of sus-pended load and meteorology sampling without further discussion.

Mr. McDougall summarized results of the hydrologic modeling ef forts to date. Mr. Kaplan asked if the short term data indicate plume bottom detachment or surface hugging. Mr. McDougall replied that there is no evidence of either ef fect in the data collected to date.

Mr. Behrens asked the group if there were any additional information they would like to see in the summary data tables for future quarterly reports.

Mr. Raschke asked that measures of variance be provided as well as means.

Mr. Kaplan would like to see weekly Wt's presented by station on a figure of the sample areas along with contours of acreage by degree Wt with time of tide on the legend. Dr. Biffar noted that such contouring of weekly data is not anticipated. Messrs. Downing, Biffar, Mahadevan, and Behrens did not understand how this weekly contouring and measuring acreage could be completed without some modeling of the plume. Mr. Behrens also questioned the utility of some 65 weekly figures depicting Wt by station. Mr. Kaplan thought that this information was to be produced according to the approved program. It was resolved that this would require some modeling and subj ective contour plotting and that the msgnitude of ef fort required for information obtained was not worthwhile. Mr. Kaplan said he would also like to see plots of weekly max-min-average by station for thermograph data, or B4-14498-37

- s

5 at least for the station at the POD. Such plots, on a daily or weekly basis, are feasible after the charts are digitized.

Mr. Olsen said that he has always been pleased with Dr. Mahadevan's approach and would be pleased to see summaries with his standard approach with limited statistical comparisions and more graphs. >

Mr. Behrens and Mr. Kaplan agreed that the date for the next quarterly meeting would allow two weeks for EPA review of the report. Future mailings to EPA should be directed to or separately copied to Mr. Kaplan to assure rapid delivery.

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B4-14498-37

AM$rLM AvuT \

AGENDA FIRST QUARTERLY PROGRESS MEETING >

CRYSTAL RIVER NPDES STUDIES

1. Introduction - P. Behrer.s

- Requirement for the study

- Development of the Plan of Study

- Present participants

- Schedule Field work Final report submittal

- Purpose for quarterly meetings

2. Program Changes - T. Biffar

3. Field Work and Laboratory Analysis - S. Mahadevan

4. Hydrodynamic.and Hydrothermal Modeling - D. McDougall

5. Displays and Data Tables

6. Tour of Study Area and Laboratory 7 e , . , , - - . - , _ . . . - - , - . . . . . , . , - , , - . , _ , , . . , . . . - , .. - . _ . , . .

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d December 22, 1983 Mr. Paul J. Traina, Director Water Management Division U. S. Environmental Protection Agency 345 Courtland Street, NE Atlanta, Georgia 30365

Subject:

Crystal River 316 Study hermograph data retrieval During the first quarterly progress meeting for the Crystal River 316 Study, Mr. Kaplan requested that Florida Power provide the enclosed summary of thermograph data collected as part of the program. Data are presented by month and station for the first six months of the program.

As the figures indicate, a significant increase in data recovery was realized after the initial deployment period. Bis is due to weekly checking of the units for presence / absence and redeployment of the thermographs using a modified buoy systca that resembles the one used in the blue crab tagging program. We fully expect that this improved data return rate will continue through the remainder of the study period.

Should you wish further discussion regarding this matter, please contact Mr.

Paul Behrens at 813/866-5521.

Sincerely, t

William S. O'Brien Director Environmental & Licensing Affairs WSO/gr Enclosure cc: C. H. Kaplan, EPA D. Hicks, EPA J. P. Subramani, FDER L. A. Olsen, FDER D. Farrell, FDER General Office 3201 Thirty-fourtn street soutn. P O Box 14042. St Petersburg, Florida 33733 e 813-866-5151

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