Text

Condenser Chlorination Rept
	ML20079F432
Person / Time
Site:	Oyster Creek
Issue date:	03/31/1977
From:	; GENERAL PUBLIC UTILITIES CORP.
To:	;
Shared Package
ML20079F417	List: ML20079F414; ML20079F432;
References
	104-75-7, NUDOCS 8401180264
	Download: ML20079F432 (58)
	v • d • e

{{#Wiki_filter:: ATTACFMENT I-A i l 0YSTER CREEK CONDENSER CHLORINATION REPORT TEST.SFECIFICATION 104-75-7 Presented at the Edison Electric Institute Power Station Che=1stry Subcommittee March 27 - 3), ]977' Colur. bus, Ohio By G.P.U. Service Corp. Written by : Rex W. Ebert Submitted by

Robert D. Hopkins 8401180244 840104 DR ADOCK 05000219 PDR

I l OYSTER CREEK CONDENSER CHLORINATION REPORT TEST SPECIFICATION 104-75-7

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1. bcr:te y in perfer nce cf Test Specificatien 104-75-7, entitled Oyster Creek Cendenser Chic:inctien.

Experinents are described which test differe:t chierinatien sche =es preposed fer the condenser cooling water systen. Acccunts cf visual inspectien: of the cendenser inte:nals throughout these e:cperizents are included. Sever 1 cenclusiens are presented about the feasibility cf cc plirnce with 1977 IPA NFLES perni: li::itatiens with regard to chlcrine discharge. In addition data is tabulated about chlorine de=rnd of the cendenser cocling water. e G O e l I i 1

V A pal:T II Cl! LOR 1!iE DEMAND OF CONDENSER C00L1HG WNrER I Introductica : On August'16, 1976 cxperiments ucre initiated to determine the chlorine decand of the ccadenser ecoling water at the Oyster Creek Nuc1 car Generating Stction. Chlorinc decand is generally described as the dif ference between the cmount of chlorine cpplied to a sample and the amount of free, co=bined, or total chlorine rencining efter L given contact time. In the experinents dcscribed in this sectien, a contact time of 0.5 minute was allowed in order to project an it:cdiste chlorine demand. The immediate' chlorinc dessand is of interest because it approximates the rabid transit time that exists from the chlorination point at the intake of the condenser to the condenser discharge or plcnt discharge. During the course of the chlorinc demand experiments, several objectives were exacined. Certain selective experiments were performed to detcrcine effcets of reaction tin:c, applied chlorine concentration, and diurnal varia-tions on the chlcrinc demand of the condencer cocling water. The major objective, however, uns to demonstrate a correlction between chlorincederand of the intake eccling water and free chJerinc residuals actually observed at the plant and ccndenser discharges during normal station operation. R 4 4 e e 6 6 D I G e 8 g g e 4

. D CitLORINT.sLD:AC OF COCDiSER CCOLING WATER i w III Results 1. Chlorine de=snd is tabulatien in Figure 2-1 to Figure 2-13. Average values of chlerine dc=snd for daylight and nighttime conditiens are graphically depicted in Figure 2-14 through Figure 2-17. 2. As shown in Tigure 2-14 thrcugh Figure 2-17,1 mediate chlorine demand appeared to be proportional to chlorine dose in the range of 1 to 4 mg/l applied chlorine. 3. No significant differences were observed in chlorine demand on sa:ples taken fro = the plant intake and discharge. 4. A significant difference (99% C.L.) in t'otal chlorine de=and was observed between samples taken under daylight and nighttime conditiens. he total chlorine demand averages 4% lower during nighttice sa:p3ing IV Discussion b Chlorine de:::d censurecents described in this section were made by applying varying doses of chlcrise.to 200 ml aliquots of sc=ple in amber colored glass stoppered bottics. A contact time of 0.5 1,nutes was allowed prior to analysis for total and free residual chlorine by di: rect cmperometry. Centact ti=c of 0.5 minutes is only apprcxi=ste, because the direct amperometric analysis takes a significant period of ti=e to perform. The data cbtained from these = essure =ents should be interpreted as the immediate f ast acting, chlorine de=and of the sample. From the results obtained it is apparent that this f ast acting de=snd is proportional to the applied chlorine dose in the range of 1-4 =g/1. This is evident from the linear relaticnship shown in the demand graphs included in this section. Of particular interest is the chlorine decand data corresponding to chlorine doses actually applied to the condenser cooling water by the plant's chlorinster installation. Under nor:sl operating conditions this-corresponds to an applied chlorine dose of approximately 1.5 =g/l C17 Referring to the demand regressiens, a free chlorine residual of at least 0.12 =g/l should result. This situation was indeed observed when measurc=ents of chlorine residuals at the cendenser discharge were completed. It is noteworthy to cention here that chlorine dc=snd measurements have been made on Oyster Creck's intake water prior to the work described in this sectien. In 1972 Sheppard T. Powell Associates made de=and deterninscions by applying a 5 mg/l chlorine dose to a sacple of intake unter, Q s11 owed a five minute centset time, followed by chlorine analysis using the orthotolidine arsenite (0.T. A.) method.

= CELCCE DD'.AND OF CONDINSER CCCLING liAT7.3 Results frc: this werk indicated a dc= tad cf 2.50-2. 25 mg/l < Septer.ber period. Further= ore, the authors =entioned that a cne dc=nd averaged 25: less th:n the reperced five =1nute demand val AFPlying this cerrectier., e enc =1r.ute de=nd for the August-Sept period was aPPrcximately 1.85-2.14 =g/1. The values obtained in 1972 3,c,. e , therefore, were approxicately 50 less than these reperced in this section. se e 1 e o 1 e e 1 h e e O i

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..e I2 Data Figure 2-1 Chierine Demand et Plen Discharee: Augu::c 16, 1976 9 16:15 Applied Chlorine (eg/1) 0.23 0.58 0.82 1.16 1.74 2.31 Contact Time (=in) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 i Total Residual Chlorine (=g/1) 0.02 0.06 0.12 0.34 0.46 0.5 i Total Chlorine Der.and (=g/1) 0.21 0.53 0.70 0.83 1.28 1.82

Totel Chlerine censu=ed 91.3 91.4 85.4 71.6 73.6 78.8 Z

G 9 e O e 9 e l 1 1

E .s. D- ' Tigure 2-2. d Chleri-e De_and c: P1:n t Inteke: Aucus: 17. 1976 0 10:t.0 Applied Chlorine ( g/1) 0.51 1.02 1.53 2.04. 2.54 3.04 3.54 f 4 Centact Time (cin) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Tree Residual Chlorine (=g/1) 'O.02 0.5 0.10 0.15 0.24 0.43 0.74 I Tree Chlorise De-2-d (:g/1) 0.49 0.97 1.43' 1.89 2.30 2.61 2.8d Figure 2-3 Cilerine Dec.s d at Plant Discharge: August 17, 19[6613:40 1 Applied Chieri=e (:g/1) O.51 1.02 1.53 2.04 2.54 3.04 3.54 a l Centact T1=e (=in) 0.5

0. 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 l

Free Residual Chlorine (=g/1) 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.11 0.21 0.36 0.75 Free Chlorine De=and (eg/1) 0.49 0.98, 1.45 1.93 2.33 2.68 2.79 4 4 1 's O 4

. h Tiguro 2-4 ~ Chierine Decand at Plent Intake: August 18, 1976 9 15:00 i Applied Chlorine (mg/1) 0:58 1.16-1.73 2.87 3.44 4.02 4.02 Centact Time (cin) 0.5 0.5 0.'5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Tctal Residual Chlorine (ms/1) 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.16 0.48 0.51 0.58 Total Chierine Demand (ag/1) 0.56 '1.14 1.69 2.71 2.96 3.51 3.44 Figure 2-5 Chierine Demand at Plant Dischstre: August 18, 1976 6 15:30 Applied Chlorine (=g/1) 1.16 1.73 2.31 '3.44 4.02 4.59 n Centact Time (=in) 0.5 0.i 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Total Residual chlorine (mg/1) 0:03 0.08 0.-15 0.53 - 1.06 1.21 Total chlorine De:and (es/1) 1.13 1.65 2.16 2.91 2.96 3.3% -e 4 c. S

\\ p Tigure 2-6 1 Chierine De.and t ? h.: :nt-ke: August 18. 1976 9 21:22 l /pplied Chierine (:g/1)

0. 00 0.58 0.81 1.16 1.73 2.31' 2.88 3. t.4 Centact 71:e (min) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Totti Residual Chierine (:;/1) 0.06 0.22 0.42 0.66 0.76 1.00 1.15 1.13 20tal Chierine De=and (ng/.)

0.17 0.36 0.39 0.50 0.97 1.31 1.73 2.31 Figure 2-7 b Chierite 3e.:.d a: P 17.n t Intske: Aucust 18, 1976 0'23:40 Applied Chierine (:g/1) 0.21 0.52 0.73 1.05 1.56 2.08 2.60 3.11 Contact T1=e (=in)

0. 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Free Residual Chlorine (=g/1) 4 0.02 4.0.02

.05 .09 .11 .22 .71 .39 Tree Chierine Dem nd (=g/1) 0.20 0.51 0.68 0.96 1.45 1.86 1.89 2.'72 4 i l t l j 4 l l l j

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( h Figure 2-8 Chlorine Der.snd at Plant Intake: August 19, 1976 0 00:01 j Applied Chlorine (ms/1) 0.23 0.58 0.81 1.16 1.73 2.31 2.88 3.44

". . h Centact Time (min) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 05 l

Total Residual Chlorine (mg/1) 0.05 0.19 0.33 0.51 0.79 0.89 0.95 1.15 l Total Chlorine Demand (=g/1) 0.18 0.39 0.48 0.65 0.94 1.42 1.93 2.28 l t Figure 2-9 Chlorine Demand at Plant Intake: Aucust 19, 1976 6 02:30 Q1ed Chlorine (mg/1) 0.21 0.52 0.73 1.05 1.56 2.08 2.60 3.11 ~~ Centact Time (min) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 O'. 5 0.5 j Free Residual Chlorine (=g/1) 4 02 .02 .05 .08 .11 .22 .51 .87 Frea Chlorine Demand (cg/1) .19 .50 .68 .93 1.45 1.86 2.09 2.24 I } I i 1 3

o o 21gure 2-1C Chierine Demand at F1:nt Inteke: Aucust 19. 1976 6 24:00 Applied Chierine (=g/1) 1.05 2.05 2.11 4.16 5.31' Ccatact Time (tin) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 .O.5 Frem Residual Chierine (=g/1) 0.17 0.29 0. '. 5 0.80 1.35 Free Chierine De=and (cg/1) .88 1.79 2.66 3.36 3.96 Figure 2-11 Chlerine de:end at Plant Intake: Aucust 19, 1976 9 24:00 l Applied Chlorine (=g/1) 1.16 2.31 3.44 4.62 5.78 Contact Time (min) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Total Residual Chierine (:g/1) 0.50 0.94 1.14 1.68 2.46 D Total Chlorine Decand (=g/1) 0.66 1.37 2.30 2.94 3.32 Figure 2-12 Chlerine De:and at Plant Intake: Aurust 20, 1976 6 11:00 Applind Chlorine (=g/1) 0.23 0.58 0.81 1,16 1.73 2.31 3.44 4.62 centact Time (rin) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Total Residual Chlorine (=g/1)

0. 03 0.07 0.17 0.23 0.36 0.65 1.30 1.86 2ctel Chlorine De=and (mg/1) 0.20 0.51 0.64 0.93 1.37 1.66 2.14 2.76 O.

.I ' Tigure 2-13 C1.lorine De :nd at Plcnt Intahe: Aucust 20, 1976 6 11:00 Applied Chierine (cg/1')' 0.21 0.52 0.73 1.05 1.56 2.08 2.60 3.11 4.16 ' - c.~..y Centact 21=e (- ) O.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Trae chlorine Residual (=g/1) .02 .02 .04 .05 0.10 .2O .36 .57 1.15 Trce Chierine De:and (=g/1) .19 .50 .69 .99 1.46 1.88 2.24 2.54 3.01 n )

.A,,_ rm... OTSTEI 07J.IX C'd CE;NA 10N TEST PROGRAM O INT;00CC !CS tt ese cf the :hlerin: icn :es: progran was initiated en h The first Augus:.30, ic7s~t.nd cc.tituce until Sep:enbc: 3, 1976. The test progra= es::blished the A (NOF.! ) and (';;T.7.0 ::ndenser scetiens as TEST cendensers. CONTROL condensers. The The renaining cendenser sec:i:ns vere.::ill:ed a: the CCNTEC1 cendensers be chlorinated for (6) tes: p cgran required :ha:

he ra:e of approxinately 1500 pounds of thirty _1.u:e perieds per day a:

chlerine per dry. The TIST c ndensers were chlcrinated fc: (6) twenty r.inute The cendenser sectiens were chlorinated periods per day at the sa:e :t:e.the en: ire condenser was chierina:ed every four hours. sequen:ially such :hc: chlcrine residuals were =easured at the

phase, During this cne week :es:

condenser discharge v..:c: bex cf each cendenser sec:1cn end at the plant discharge during selec:ed chl:rin:. icn periods. Sa=ples vere eb:21:ed t: the water bcxes with the cid of a hand fi::ings. Sanples at the plant opera cd punp equi; ped v :h quick discennec: discharge vere obtained by di; ping a sanple fren the discharge canal. All sa=;1es were a.aly:ed for free residual chlerine and total residual chierine innedia:e"y af:e: sc:p.ing by direc: anperenetry. A=perc=e:ric de:ecters used in :hese de:er. int: ions were these cc=nercially available frem the allace and Tiern:. C:npa.y, :nc., Newark, N.J. and Fischer and Porter Cen;cny, W:: ins:c:, FA. In addi:icn, a Del:a Scientific (Lindenhurst, N.J.) p cen:inuous ch* crine tenit:: cntlyzed the plant discharge stret.m for residual chlerine :hrcushcu: the :es:.

e the initittic. cf the first phase testing the C (NORTH)

Pric condenser was drained and ins;ected en Augus: 23, 1976. After the test phase was cenple:ed en Sep:enber 3, ic76, the C (NORTH) cendenser was again drained and inspe c:ed. ~~he inspec:ic:s were ccnducted by CPU Metallurgists and En gince:s. FISCLTS No chlerine residut1 was detected at the plant discharge thrcughout 1. the tes: phase. 2. Dcfinite free and :c:41 chierine residuals' vere cbserved at the condenser discharge V::e: b cxes. 3. Free chierine :esiduals detec:ed a: :he cendenser discharge va:er texes had a range cf 0.;2 ng/l - 0.18 ng/l and an average of 0.12 =g/1. 4 Tetal chierine residutis de:ected a: the condenser discharge va:er boxes had a range cf.C2 - 0.30 mg/l vi h an average of 0.17. During phase 1, the Delta Scien:ific Cen:inuous Chlorine Monitor 5. p detected chicrine residuals c: the plan: discharge of up to 0.07 ng/1. o 5 9 e e

OC C10EINATION TESI rROCEAM PAGE 2 O RESUI.TS (cen' t) 6. Pri'er to ini:ia:icn of :he ffrst test phase, the condenser had not been chlcrinated for a period cf three vecks. A condenser inspection of the C (NOF.TE) section en August 23, 1976 revealed a defined slime and corrosi.cn product film en :ube sheets, uater boxes, and tubes. 7. A cendenser inspection perfer=cd en September 3,1976 af ter resu=ption cf chlorina:1cn fcr 1 veck acccrding to Tes: #1 conditions indicated the slime layer had been removed and a definite i= prove =ent in cendenser cleanliness. Data gathered thrcucheu: the firs: tes: phase indicates no 8. significant differences be:veen free chlerine residuals censured at the different cendenser discharge waterbcxes. Further more this data is in good agree =ent with the expec:ed free chlorine residuals based en chlorine de and censideratiens. DISCUSS!CN: The firs: phase of the chierina:icn :es: p cgra= de=enstrated a chlorinacion scheme that af f ords p:ctecticn of condenser internals fro = fculing er sli=ing. In fact, this sche =c was able to actually effect a ('$ cleaning of the condenser surfices which had accu =ulated a sli=e layer due :o three weeks c,f_ plan: cpera icn withcut chierination. The schene, previcusly described, e=ployes sequential chlorina: ion ~ cf each condenser sec:icn for a pt:1od of twen:y =inutes. The chlorine feed rate is fixed a: 1500 lbs. per day. Chlorinstion under :he above conditiens can be expected to give rise to free chlorine residuals at the condenser discharge stith an average of 0.12 =g/l during :he Iz:e su==er sessen. I: is anticipated that residuals during other seasons may be as auch as six tizes higher due to the rather vide seasonal fluctuation in chlorine denand. Due to the sequential nature of this chlorination scheme, cooling va:cr fre= :he unchlorinated condenser sectiens serves to dilute the chlcrine residual sc that nene is detec sble vi:h presently approved =ethods at the final plant discharge. During the first tes: phase, i: was observed that chlorination was cvenly distribu:ed :o each ecndenser secticn. No significant differences (99% C1)'be:veen free chlcrine residuals were cbserved in the data fro = the c:ndenser va:e: bex dis:harges. 1: vns nc:ed, however, that cer:ain ti=ers en :he chlorina:icn equipment frequently " stuck" when timed out, giving rise j to lenger chlorination periods than indicated. Although, as mentioned previously, no residual chlorine was detected dn any grab sa=ple taken at the plant discharge throughout the test, the Del:a Scien:ific Centinuous Chierine Analy:er did indicate residuals of up to 0.07 =g/1. S e e

~,. ' CC CF.:.0TOA~:C!i I'~ ?RCG7J.v. ygg3 l 8 I DISC"SSICN (Cen':) I l D is...r.ly:er is u.icue bec:use 1: enpleys an a=perc=etric me=brane elce:..dc sensicive :o cer:cin chierine species indicated in Figure 3-7. The elect cde it scpara:ed f:c: the s:n;2e s:re== by v. microperous fi1= tha: 2 per:1:s the ::ansport of C1;, HCC1., and CCT species with decreasing ? sensi:ivi:y. ~he ele::::de res;cnds vi:h sensi:ivities for various chlerine species in preeer:1en te their efficicnev :s disinfectant?. I The result is that the =eniter essenticily sensures only hvnochlorous acid..The species vi:h the grea:es: disinfecting potential, and not free avail ble chierine. 7:ee evailable chlerine is the sum of hypochlcrous acid I concen::::1cn anti hypechlcri e icn cencentra icn. The ratio of these two for=s is depende:: en the pil of the senplc :nd temper: ure as indicated in Tigure 3-B.: Since :he pH cf :he ecoling water :: Oys:c: C:cek is approxi=ately 8.5 only 60 ef free available chierine is =easured by the analyter. ~his presen:s a preble: when the anal /:e: is used for compliance with N7 DIS =enitoring require:ents 'which are generally s:ated in ter:ss,of free available chierine. In c: der te =etsure free available chierine with this =enitor, it =ust be calibra:ed in a differen =anner f c: these suggested in the instruction m nual. ne calibratien is euclined in Figure 3-8. Even this calibration vill recul: in devia:icns of - 10% because enly slight pH changes effect the elec:rede respense si;;nificently. e %r n

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V' yw-r. GPU SERVICE CORPORATION

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c O Subject Oyster Creek r.ondenser Inspections Location Reading Date September 7, 1976 To J. T. Cr.r cli The Oyster Creek "C" North condenser has been inspected by the writer ' and others un two ocesssiens nince August 3, 1976. These inspections have been performed in conjunction with the on-goinr, condenser chlorination study being performed by R. W. T.bert and R. C. Besold, et. sl. This memorandum is to describe the condition of that condenser half subsequent to inspections on August 20 and September 3,1976. It is the understanding of the writer that on or about AuCust 3, 1976, condenser cooling watcr chlorination was discentinued at Oyster Creek. The l condenser inspection on August 20, 1976 vns performed in order to serve as a baseline for inter inspections of ter various chlorinntion schemes. The' inspection was performed during a pJant lead reduction. At that time, it was observed that the inJet and discharge vster boxes were conced with slime. As' the condenser had not been 'backwashed many of the tubes contained debris I l in the form of crabs crab einus, veed, bortincie clusters, etc. The in3er ends of the tubes were cbserved to be' cested with a layer of slinde' and corrosion product. The coating adherent to the tube sheet vos a tenscious layer of t slime and iron oxf de. The discharge tube sheet was in a similar cond$ tion. The dischstge end of-the tubes were also coated with slime and corrosion products. The discharge water bnx conting edjacent to the tube sheet uns observed to be blistered with sections, severs 1 squarc inches in aren missing. s Circulating voter chlorinstion uns resumed on or abouc Angust 24, 1976. l The inspectien, af ter two (2) vceks of chlorination, showed a marked improvement in the cleanliness of the "C" north condenser half. Detsi3 s of the chlorination 8 schedule vill be forthenming in s report from Messrs. R. W. There and R. C. Bosold. It is the ' understanding of the writer that YPA 1.jasits were met durinr, f this two week peried. The inlet. vnter box uns found,to be free of slime. An improvement in the condition of the inlet tube sheet uns observed. The inlet ends of the condenser tubes had returund to the condition observed during a previous inspection on June 12, 1976 of the "B" north condenser half. That is, a m$nien1 oxide tarnish on the titanium tubing e.Wsted. No detradstion of the tit nf v= hasleen observed durig anv uf the 3 insucc: ions. The j dischstge ends of the tubes were Irce of slime but had n dark reddish tarnish believed to be iren oxide. The discharr.e unter box did have seine slime centing; however, it is not believed to be detrimental to c.codenser operation. ~ Naturally, no imprevement in the water box conting enndition was ohnerved i er expected. Thjs remn$ns nn item that shouJ d be repnited durint. the next l refueling outage. The :ine sacrificicJ nuudes in both. water boxes sppear to be beneficia). - While difficult to judge, some consumption has been observed. As an b siternative chlorination scheme is planned for the weeks of September 7 and 13, an additienal inspection is pJanned for September 17, 1976. Duc ce the extreme temperature and humidity in the condenser water bexes, it has been impessibic to photograph the condenser condition. IfJ1 ER.0FFICE MF.MORANDUM l

l GPU SERVJC E ORPdRATION j. .su.. s % r b PACE 2 Subjc:: Oysser Creek Condense: Inspection Locates acading i I Date september'7, 197El so J.,.,. Co r r el' 8 .It is hoped that the precedi.9g description vill lend some insight to the affectiveness of various experiment:1 chlorination schemes. Ple.se centsce the. undersigncd if you have any questions regarding ' thes e inspecions. 4 Y. t D. A. Mitchell, P.E. DNf: clk t I cc: R. M. Ashby, J r. J. L. C. Eachof er, Jr. R.. '). licpkins I h .D. A. Ross D. S., S i s.a r J. 5 2111 van' R. L'. Williams 4

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l, { FIGURE 3-5 CilLORIllE RESIDUAIS AT A (tiO!;111) CO;1DEllSER DISCIIARGE b Cill OHillATIO!I Cill.ORll!AT ION CIII.ORINATIOM IREE (eng/1) TOTA 1. (ag/1) DATE TillE RATE (ted) PERIOD (anin) lilITI ATION TillE RESIDUAL, Cill.0:1111E RESIDUAL. Cill.ORINE 8/33/76 15:58 1450 20 15:40 - - - - = - 0.22 8/31/76 11:55 1450 20 11:37 0.12 0.30 l8/33/76 11:37 1450 20 11:37 0.21 (.23) l8/31/76 15:55 1500 20 15:42 0.10 0.19 8 '9/01/76 16:58 1500 20 10!48 0.12 0.17 9/01/76 11:04 1500 20 10:48 0.17 0.26 9/01/76 14:49 1500 20 14:39 0.18 0.273 1 (* } I* 9/01/76 14:55 1500 20 14:39 0.15 0.200 l 0.215k (. 25) 9/02/76 22:49 1500 20 22:39 0.14 9/02/76 22:55 1500 20~ 22:39 0.13 0.290 i 9/03/76 02:55 1475 20 0.11 0.18 0) 0.14 0.21 j 9/03/76 03:00. 1475 20 s. I 0.14 T F 0.23 0.02 S .~ 02 5 i I ( e 6 e t e O. L -- _ _ -_ _ _ __-_ c-

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n.$.. l. !.e i l i 3 TIGtiiC 3-7 HODII. 322I.-8324 CHl.ORINE PRODE SENSITIVITIES Hypcchlorous Acid (HOC 1) 1.00 Hypochicrite Anion (OC1~) 4 05 Monechleracine (NH C1) .05 2 Dichloramine (NHC1 ) .50 2 Trichlora: ine (NC1 ) .50 - 1.0 3 ' tela:ive Sensitivi:y Hypochlorous icid 1.00 = + M e e 4 e l l 1 \\ l l

-s' 0 7 ** D TICURE 3-8 CALIBRATICN PROCEDURE FOR MEASUREMENT OF TREE AVAILAELE CHLORIllE RESIDUAL BY DELTA SCIENT!?IC CHLORINE MCNITOR Keagents 1. Chlorine Demand Tree Water ^ ~ Using distilled or deninerali:ed water, add sufficient chlorine until the concentration :s about 10 ppe. Allow this chlorinated water to stand 24 hours, then expose to direct su= light until all the chlorine is discharged as indicated by a:perometry. 2. Hypochlorite Solutions Use bleach such as Chlorox to prepare all standard chlorine solutions. 9 Procedure 1. Prepare two liters of standard 1 =g/l chlorine solution by appropriate dilutiens of Chlorox bleach. 2. Deter =ine free available chlorine on a 200 ml aliquot of this solution by direct amperonetry. Preform this analysis in triplicate and average the results. _3. .To the remainder of the solution add appropriate phosphate or acetic neid buffer to adjust the pH to correspond to the sa=ple stream. 4. Turn analy:er en and prepare it for use by i=:nersing probe in a chlorine solution and allowing a 30 ninute varm up period. 5. Turn the range selector switch to the tero position and if the needle does not point to zero, loosen the locknut around, the a=p balance screv :nd turn it until the needle points to

ero.

Tighten with finger pressure. 6. Place the probe into sn agitated solution of decineralized vster with no chlorine present. Turn range seicetor switch to the 0-10 position. L'ai t five minutes. Adj us t the needle to -:cro with the :ero control screu. Again tighten with finger pressure only. Svitch to the 0-5. e 4

7 ~ FICUPI 3-8 PAGE 2 p CALIBRATION PRCCEDURE FOR 1EASUR.E)ENT OF FREE AVAILABLE Cin.ORINE FI51 DUAL BY DELIA SCIIhTIFIC CHLORINE MONITOR Precedure (con't) 7. Iz=serse probe in the standard 1 mg/l chlorine solution buffered to the pH of the sa=ple strean. (ie condenser cooling water discharge) 8. ' Allow meter to stabilize for 2-3. Adjust ee er to read average chierine cencentration of standard as deter =ined in step 2. This adjust:ent is effected by rotation of calibrate control screw. 9. The analyzer vill now directly read free availabic chlorine concentration provided the. sr ple strean pH does not change from the pH at which the instrument was calibrated. 10. If the sa=ple streat pH changes, a correction must be made to the neter reading to obtain free available chlorine content. The correct free available chlerine cencentration is given by the following for=ula: Correction Factor at Actual Chlorine Chlorine Ceneentration Samole pH O Cencentration at E indicated en neter x Correction Factor at ' ' ~ ' Sa=ple Stream pH r_,libration pH 4 s 6 l o 9

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r ~ 1 P ART I*.' ?HASE !! j OYSTER CRIEK C11LOElN/. TION TEST FROCRMi i Increducticn The seccad ph.*.se cf the chierins:icn tes: pregrs= vas conducted f:c= Sep c=ber 7, 1976 te Sep:e=her. 10, 1976. During this test, the chierina:icn ra:e was reduced :c app:cxima:ely 1300 pounds per day, while
~~he chlorinctica injection ti cs c=ained the sene as in Test 1.~~
Agcin chierine measure =cn:s were =cde en ss ples withd: en from each condenser discharge water bcx as well as the plant discharge. An inspection of the C (Nerth) tes: condenser v s perfer=ed ten days af:er cc=ple:1on of Test 2 en August 17, 1976 by GPU Ingineers. Ecsults 1. During the secend phase of the :cs: pro grc:1, no chlorine residuals were detec:ed at :he plant discharge. 2. A: :he cendenser discharge the average free residual chlorine cencentr:tien vss C.11 =g/1, while :he average tc al residual chlorine cencentra:ica was C.16 =g/1. 3. The cendenser sectien C (Nerth) was inspe :ed 10 days after
~~he conclusien cf the seccnd test phase en Septe:ber 17, 1976.~~
The inspecticn revealed the condenser tubes, waterboxes, and tube 'shee:s were O f:ce of sli=e and fculing. Dis cussien The second phase of the chlerinc test progrs= suggests that a redue:icn in applied chierine rate to 1300 pounds per day resul:s in no detri ental fouling of the cendenser. Chlorine residuals detected at the cendenser discharge were enly slightly less than : hose observed during the firs: tes: phase. This is to be expected since the reducticn in chlorine feed ra:c is only abet: 13~. A redue:icn of equal ::agnitude in free chierine residuals observed in :he firs: tes: ph:se represents only 0.01 mg/1. The average free chierine residual observed during Test phase II was exsecly 0.01 mg/l lever then these in :he firs: test. Again, no chlerine Icsiduals were observed a: the pl:nt discharge. A cendenser inspection of :he C (Nerth) ccndenser indicated that ne s11:e c: fculing had for:ed en in:ernal surfaces. p ~
GPU SERVICE JRPORATION so..om o cm v.. , c., m,,,,, ,a Subject Oyster Creek'Cender.ser Inspection Conducted Locanon Reading Septenher 17, ic76 . September 29, 1976 Date To J. . Carroll As part of the ongeing Oyster Creek Condenser Chlorination Study, the subject inspection was perforned by JCP & L Personnel as well as D. C. Slear and the writer f rot: CPUSC. This inspection was to evaluate the condition of the cendenser tubes and water boxes af ter a two-week program of reduced ' chlorination dosage. The ecmplete report by R. W. Ebert and R. C. Bosold vill preser.t the details of the various chlorination schedules used. During this inspection, it was observed that the C-North condenser half was in a ccndition essentially equivalent to that of the previous inspection on September 3,1976. Thet is, the only slime observed was found en the octlet water box and would not be expected to hacper condenser performance. The tubes were in good conditien, being clean and free from any noticeable deterioration. In cddition to the degradation of the water box's coating adjacent to the outice tube sheet, corrosion of the outlet water box's stay war obs erved. This is a pipe of approximately 6 inch dianeter and it exhibited thru-wall corrosion in several locations. Perhaps this should be investigated at a future outage. b The :ine snerificial anodes have continued to provide water box protectien. Hopefully they vill last until the next refueling outage at which eine it is highly prcbable that replacement will be required. On the basis of the observed cleanliness, it would seem that a reduced chlorination schedule cculd be fo11 cued. The subject inspection is the last planned inspeeden as part cf the chlorination study. It mighr be desirable to continue cl.a progran to consider additional inspections af ter suitable test periods of reduced chlorination dosage. If you have any questions regarding these observations and recoc=endations please centact the writer at extension 450. 3.d.dyd$$ D. A. Pittchell Dnt:c1k cc: p., F.. Ashby R. W. Ibert R. D. Ucpkins D. C. Slear J. L. Sullivan p
~~0. C. Condenser Pile INTER.0FFICE MEMORANDUM~~
FICURE 4-1 Cill.GRIIIE RESIDilAI.S AT A (liORT11) CO ' DENSER DISCilARCC CllLORIllATI0tl Cill.ORItIATIOtt Cill OlkillATIOtt FEEE RESIDUAL TOTAL. RESI' DUAL. DATE Tilfr. RATC (ppd) PERIOD (min) ItIITIATIO!! TIllE Clit.ORINE (mn/1) Cill.ORIllE (an/1) 9/07/76 10:41 1300 20 10:25 (0.12 0.12 9/08/76 10:36 1300 20 10:26 0.12
~~0. f6 9/03/76 10:42 1300 20 10:26 0.08 0.15 9/09/76 13:47 1250 20 13:38~~
.08 0.115 . 9/09/76 13:57 1250 20 13:38 4.11 0.11 9/09/76 17:22 1300 20 17:08 2.08 0.08 T 0.10 T-O'.12 = s-S 0.02 S- .03 e a/ 5 e t 6 y 4 O e t g.
r% J e. e N 4 C. O c1 .e C L! e-* v C C fn
~~W W.~~
~~e ca. = N m C:$ e .-d C NN 3 3~~
~~wm -e mN e~~
=
~~Cn em~~
~~. g .. m - mN 2C CCCC CCC CC e ll = M H .I O= HW g ~.. y,,,, pe .e$ % 4 D C Q E C. ev C M L* W c4 = NN c3 < n n .-g ce g 3 m C. .-s C. C. c.,CC N e e.= = - =~~
m
~~o. c.~~
~~ll= M W c: m WC CCCC CCC CC.. da la = N U W U C::~~
C
~~'O U W m ~ e-. C DF o= Cd H= W <C @@ NN cc Co e C C Ch m Ch o .4..<..~~
4. 4..

4..
C.. C.. n n. N.. N.. m Cw O -p C O.e e g ssa ' LL < CC4 < CC< <<NN p C-mmmm mm m ,=t e-e.e c4 c 2 .J H N C
== i V U= r= m YH DD UC w sn zn ~. Wv C C. e. E 4 H< v F= 2 .< C MC CCCC CCC CCCC CC m C~ nnnm nnn nnnn nn J . J C4 <C
~~W U C~~
g in W sr. W 6e 2 e-* =c H C-C.: C. C =v CCCC CCC CCCC CC .J C C no e CCC no no C C CC E W nmNN nmm NNnn en in U C p. mmmee mme amm.e mm J< =m V @ @ Cn C a: O C C 03 m Nn y =A C.. C.. C.. C.. C.. =.. .... o.. n.o.
~~4..~~
-a N e m.=* so 44NN OC C..e A so e ee e=e=== ae e. e.* .=4 e-4 em p em em n rw em n em n em rw n n es W r* r* r% rw a3 er) Co C5 m Ch Ch CC H CCCC CCC CCCC - *C %N C Ch @ Ch CS Ch Ch @ Ch Ch Ch Ch Ch Ch q . an . e. e e mm e g. -. .I
Y ( .s ) s A m.: *=* to <N c =; L3 ..s E C. .G v C (nWW
~~Ch 3~~
3 gg mN CN CQ mC m N. N m N. m N. to ea N m .=4 nN m ,,: g CC lH E4 OCC CC < C CC H: C= = PV A J" e C 3 '3 m t* 8 C. .C *!! C tr3 W*d W
== c CO md i m cc m s-) 3 3 - O. to N M m 1 m .-s C. C..N e C a-Cm cc t.i: cc -* C
. 3 CC ll-s tra CC i CC *

WC CC
~~= cc a N U WC ro v. C M W D. Id .W C CH = m C H2 U <C .-8 mmm NNm mMNN NN C-N N.. N.. N.. N.. N.. N. m n.. e C.. C.. e=d e we p C CC < mmnc w m v% < < cc cc mm H Cm mnmm m mm memm m ,.,4 c C~~

m= U= h" ~ ~ C W CC H C <. C 2e .O C m tr: ga. W< i.- E <v E = m m c 82 CCCC CCC CCCC CC C.C q.o ommo m t-4 m m c4 m m mm W _=.F. d U G. ~ m C$ C d 5 ~I U r :.j m e c. g 2= wi CCCC CCC CCCC CC CCnc CC C s. r. C C CC = 2 W mmN N mnm nN mm en - m m -a a m - a -a.-* mM CH = se ; e s U mm NN m Mm f-J N CC @ C.. m .: eNm m e. m c..
~~m.... N..~~
W nD mmo e e co so -m p m .=e m m M M a.e m .-s am mm Q, - @@@ c c@ @ mmmm mmm r% % % N N NN Wl 6m% e cc co cc e e c% e CC p-. 6 CCCC CCC CCCC NN C sl seem ese mees me .i l I i 4
.g. e ] 5 Am 2 c.: w %.i C E c - m to C. WW C
~~g *.::~~
~~m no cc en C 4 < CC .-. c emoc m-N - Nm 3 3 .m .mm <C CC OCCC CCC CC lH M Ha C= H Ui m 3m <N 'D t: N m .C s - m E C. AW M= to no 4 aC -MN to N I 3 W e csme< mm l ~ mmc mm o W g: C~~
mm a

8 c:
WC
~~C CC i C CCC CC lH M c:~~
C La. = g U V m m C CC W W m = m W CH e,. m H= C < C < <cC ce6 nh U C== t.o. no. e. e.. C.. C.. to. no. C.. C.. <.. M.. M mp cc < m m no an N N in in to an cc M M = C *= M M.* m M .-4.-q m m e e-4 mW t-. JH 3 Cm C U= D.e m m 5 j v 4 C W cc p -c 34 =el O C C e q m. k-H E
C
~~<v D = O mC m ct C CCCC CCCC CCC CC m C== MmMM f"') f7 m n mMM MM W~~
~~:g CC~~
~~=W U s.. W= m c4C 2 = be U H C.~~
~~C C~~
=v CCCC CCCC CCC CC m o o an to CCCC in am C no to cd L' MMN N MMMM N N f"l NN OH ad e m *=* .-8 m m .-4 m a ** .4 4 J < = E V <<nw n<h an sn W C.....c. C.. C.. C.. .. N.. in. .-= N <.. en. = N N en c NN e@ in in co N.a b M -e m
==e m
==e
==4 e-q a.e m .=4 a=e M n c@c@ @ c@@ ec mN N N N mW m mmN NN NNNN %%N W mN N N co ao ao so c% @ m o** C 6-OCCC CCCC CCC =* NN C, mOOO 2 m @% @ m@m mm MO .O MMW.S _ h. me.m, N
) FIGilRE e Of f.ORillE RESiptfAI.S AT C (tloltTil) CONI 11:11SI:It DISCIIAltGE c Cill.ORillt.TIO!! Cill.ORIllATIOli CIII.ORlilATION FitEE RESIDilAI. TOTAI. RES I Dt'.*.I. 11AT E TittE RATE (ppel) PERIOD (rai n) IllITI ATinti Title Cill.OltitlE (mg/1) _Cill.0RIllE (nr,/1) 9/07/76 12:37 1300 20 12:30 (.0.17 0.17 9/07/76 12:44 1300 20 12:30 0.13 0.21 9/07/76 16:39 1250 20 16:32 0.12 0.23 9/07/76 16:46 1250 20 16:32 0.16 0.22 9/08/76 12:47 1300 20 12:39 .08 0.23 9/08/76 12:53 1300 20 12:39 0.16 0.24 9/08/76 16:37 1300 20 4 16:30 0.14 0.19 ?/08/76 16:44 1300 20 16:30 0.14 0.19 9/09/76 15:48 1250 20 15:39 0.13 0.20 9/09/76 15:55 1250 20 15:39 40.14 0.14 9/09/76 19:26 1300 20 19:19 .08 .20 9/09/76 19:33 1300 20 19:19 .11 .21 ,a 9/10/76 12:16 1250 20 12:10 0.10 0.14 ?/10/76 12:26, 1250 20 12:10 0.08 0.185 T 0.12 T 0.20 = S .03 S .03 = 9 O 9 I
y s. 4 D a.n: e.< C m p LC E C. .C. v C M W *J e @ N C.c 4CC< a m 3 8 M= < C C C. - C. - -N J g. <C CCcc CCCC CCCC. CC lH m H-C= ta U ^ 2' % D e4 3 E M m C. m M
~~w L.J 84 2Z m-<C I m < C%~~
@ m C c% @ C% 8 8 W - = = -. I -m . C. a w C. C. C. e Ue M WC CCCC i CCC CCCC CC lH L/4 sc a O Las % U U t/3 w C g W d z U 6 -. C wH 2 H C <= awmn - wNN cc cc C C ee U = C. m.. e.. m.. e.. O.. C.. W..e. e.. c.. e.. e.. M.. n.. w A c:: H NN @@ Mm@ C N N Ch CS NN C< m - - =< ma aa m mam-M.4 H D
>
@C U*d i e C .e w m WU M DH U< Ze C.a C.e La. M J H E <v D = C .= C M C. CCCC CCCC CCCC CC C e-mmmm mmmm mmmm mm m W c M -W Dc W= g C y 2 Cn -U M o H G < C: Zw CCCC CCCC CCCC CC a. CCee CCCC eeOC ee gW mmNN mmmn NNmm NN OH mm .=d og M -M e e .-e em .=q em M J< =c U
== cmm es c% N N emCC co m @.. c.. C.. =.=.
~~0.. M C....~~
~~=..N.. v. C..~~
~~m.. e..~~
~~t.J= m N. m m m m c.s C mmea mN .= = .= w .= m.. N m, p e eccc ec e@ @c c4ee mN em N me N N N m m *=. %%%s NN L4 mN e co c: cc ac~~
~~cs ch @ c% - OC~~
>= CCCC CCCC CCCC "~ .n. %%a% %N C @m@O @ @ Ch (lh m@@m S@ .e e m.m e. e em m e.
b' Cenclusions: l An acceptable chlorinntion procedure for Oyster Creek Nuclear i Cenerating Station cust satisfy two primsry requirements. First, the chlorinction scheme =ust introduce chlorine residuals in the condenser ccoling water at sufficier.t concentration to ensure protection from condenser f ouling and sli=ing. Additionally, the scheme must be l cc=patible with EPA discharge limiestions which are specified in the Oys ter Creek NPDIS per=1t. This per=it limits the concentration of free l available chlorine at the outlet of the condenser cooling water systemtn cn average of 0.2 eg/l and an instantaneous maxi =um of 0.5 =g/1. Neither free nor total residual chlorine =ay be discharged from any condenser j cooling system for core than two hours in any one day. f The test program described in this report was designed to evaluate the chlorination schemes outlined in test specification 104-75-7 vich regard to these two objectives. The first phase cf the test progrs= deconstrated that chlorine t injection tizes cf twenty cinutes at 1500 pounds per day chlorine is sufficient to previde protection f rc= condenser fculing during late August. The August-Septenber time period was anticipated to have the most adverse fouling conditions likely to be encountered throughout the year. This expectation is based on data previously collected by Sheppar'd T. Powell t Associates which shevs chlorine demand to be at a -=*um during this ti:se l b period. The twenty =inut: chlorination periods chosen for the first phase of the test progr:= vere selected so that all six condenser sections. could l conceivably be chlorinated during a 120 minute or two hour period on a daily basis. This chlorination scheme would involve simultaneous chlorination of all condenser sections six tices per day with 20 r.inute durstion. The total daily chlorination time vould then be two hours, which would appear to cc= ply with EPA li itatiens outlined in the Oyster Creek NPDES Per=it. A sche =e, such as the one described above, vould be expected to produce the same condenser protection as is afforded currently under the sequential chlorination scheme. Both schemes expose each condenser section to the same 'a=ount of chlorine and at the same frequency. (i.e. : Each section is chlorinated every four hours.) The important diff erence, however' would be in the chlorine residuals observed at the condcaser discharge and the plant discharge. In the sequential i chlorinstien schene currently used, chlorine residuals are diluted six-fold by the unchic>rins:cd condenser sections to reduce residuals at the plant discharge to undetectable levels. If chlorinatien of each section were carried out simultanceusly, no dilutien ef feet would be possibic, and chlorine residuals observed at the plant discharge vould be significantly greater. During the second phase of the tesr program, the chlorination rate was O reduced to 1300 ppd to deter =ine whether smaller chlorine dose could be empicyed and still caintain condenser protection. a
u 0 af b,.Y I lt was evident from the resul:s cf the secend test phasc~that reduced chlorine rctes centinued to previde protection f:c condenser fouling. In fact, it has been sugges:ed 'cy the g: cup included in the cendenser inspection that investigations be carried cu: still lower chlorination rates. (eg 500 pp c: I: is i=portant to use the tininun acceptable chlorine flow rate so that enviren=cntal inpact could be reduced if a sinultaneous chlcrination schema was enployed. i G 4 9 - O i I I O e l a e
7,,. 7-( s-DETEPJilh... ION 07 FREE /NAILiGLE CllLOFlNE 310Uta. FCK TEST SPEC 171 CATION 104 7 l.0 Su==ary of Method The. determination of f ree available chlorine residual is based on the direct a=perc=etric titration method. An' electrode assembly consis ting of a pair of platinum electrodes el a platinum electrode and a silve:/ silver chloride electrode is i=mersed in a known volume of sa=ple. The sa:ple is titrated with a standardized phenyl arsine oxide solution until the endpoint is reached as indicated by the cessation of current measured with a microa==eter connected to the electrode assembly output. 2.0 Apparatus 2.1 A=perocetric titration apparatus: Cc=mercially available instruments from Wallace and Tiernan, Inc., Newark, N. J. and Fischer and Porter'Co., Varminster, Pa. 3.0 Reagents 3.1 pH 7.0 buf fer solution - Dissolve 25.4 G of monobasic potassium phosphate (KH P0 ) and 86 G of dibasic sodium 3 2 ) in water and dilute to one 12 phosphate (Na EPO 0 2 4 liter. 3.2 Phenyl rsine oxide, Standard Solution (0.00564N); Commercially a'vailable from Fischer and Porter Co. and Wallace -and -Tiernan, Inc. (1 c1 = 0.2 =g C1 )* 2 3.3 31-icdate, Standard Solution (0.0282 N). Dissolve 0.9163 C of potassium bi-iodate KH (10 )2 in water and d$ lute to one 3 liter in a volumetric flask 4.0 Procedure 4.1 Add 1 c1 of pH 7.0 buffer solution to a 200 =1 aample. 4.2 I= erse electrodes in sa=ple and start stirrer.. Adjust the micreammeter pointer of the potentiometer to the right or high current side of the scale so that the pointer can defleer counter clockwise during the analysis. 4.3 Titrate using standard phenyl arsine oxide solution adding the titrant in s=sil increments and noting deflection of the micros =neter pointer. Plot the progress of the titrntion on linear graph paper with current on the vertical axis and titrant volume on the horicontal axis. Add a small volume of tirant, wait a f ev seconds, and plot the current volume h point on the graph.
e e f h',7 DETIF.'!!NC ION OT TP AVAILA3Li CliLOTCIE ?.ESIOL'AL T IEST SPECIFICCIGi 104-75-7 l PACI 2 (T) 4.4 j Readjust the pctentieneter several times during the titration, if necessary, in crder to bring the pointer back un scale. 4.5 Contin'ue the ana;ysis by deternining at least three such points spread ever the devn ard sleping titration, curve and at 1 cast three points after the end peint. The latter points will indicate practically no change in curren:. Points just before the end point shall be disregarded in its deterninction. The milliliters of -titrant that is defined by the intersection of the two linear sections of the tiration curve should be recorded. 5.0 Calculations 5.1 Calculate the free available chierine residual as indicated belev: Free Chlorine Residual (ng/1) 35453 N v = t t V., 'w'here : N Nermality of phenyl arsine oxide titrant = g [D V Vole =e of titrant in n1 ~ = g V' Vclune of sanple in n1 = s 6.0 References 6.1 ASTM D1253-76 Standard Methods of Test for Residual Chlorina in Water, p. 276, Part 31,1976. e
I e' h 0 .., = ) DETI'#1ISA ION OF TOTA
~~RISIOUN. CHLORINI (DIRECT HETEOD) PER~~
~ h 4EST SFICITICATION 104-75-7 i 1.0 5"- -y cf hethod t Tlie Jeter=ination cf to$ni residual chlorine in this procedure is based on the direct a=petenetric titration method. An excess amount of potassius iodide,is 'added to a buffered sa~ple which reduces all chlerine presere and liberates an erluivalef t amount of iodine. The iodine is then titrated to an arr.perometric endpoint where the result is calcula ted as the total residual chlorine content of the sample. 2.0 Appara tus 3 2.1 Asperenetric Titratic,n Assembly: Cc==ercially available'from Wallace and Tiernan, Inc., Newark, N. J. and Fischer and Porter Co., Wariinj tsr, PA. 3.0 Reagents 3.1 pH t. 0 buffer solution - Dissolve 243 G of sodium acetate trihydrate and 480 glacial acetic acid in water and dilute to'1 liter. 3.2 Bi-iodste, potassium b, Standard Solution (.0282 N) - D1ssolve 0.9163 G of i-icdate (Fl! (10 ) ) in water and dilute to one liter,in a volumetric flask. ) Store in anf arber glass stoppered 3 bottle. 3.3 Phe.yla: sine Oxide, Standard Sulution (.00564 N). Cot:mercially availabic from Wallace and Tiernan, Inc., and Fischer and Porter Co., (1 c1 - 0.2 mg C1 ) t 2 3.4 Potsssium Iodide or 5" Potassium Iodide Solution 4.0 Procedure 4.1 A6d 1 ml of potassium iodide solution to a 200 m1 sample an,6 i= mediately addfl.0 ml of pli 4.0 buffer solution. 4.2 ' hen 1:=erse the electrodes in' the sample and start the stirrer. /dj us t the 'nicron= meter pointer of the potentiometer to the ri;;n or high current side of the scale Eo that the point.er can deflect counter clockwise during the 'aralysis. 4.3 Titrate, usfrg ' standardized phenyl arsine oxide. solution. dding the titrant in small increments and noting deflection of the r.icrcs c.eter pointer. Plot the progress of the titration en lir. ear graph paper with current on the vertical axis and ti rant vc.lume en the horizontal axis. Add a small volume of b tit ran t," vait a fev ' seconds, and plot the current volume point c cn the graph. 1 ? 4 1
a.~ s e g e '., ? s. s t. j DITERMINATION OF TCTtd. RESIDUAL CHLORIME (DIRECT METHOD) PER TEST SPECIFICATION 1044 O FME 2 4. l. Readj us t the potentiemeter several times during the titration, if necessary, in crd.: tc bring the, pointer back on scale. 4.5 Continue the enclysis by determining at least three such pcints after the' equivalence or end peint. The milliliters of titrant. at the end point that is defined by the intersection of the two linear sectiens of the titration curve. 5.0 Calculations 5.1 Calculate the total available chlorine residual as indicated below. 35453 N v Total Chlorine Residual (ng/1) = g Vs Vnere: Normality of phenylarsine oxide titrant N = Volume of titrant in el V = h** V Volume of sampic in ml = s 6.0 References 6.1 ASD: D1253-76 Standnrd Methods of Test for Residual Chlorine in '.iater, Part 31, 1976. I f O b e. l I
-e s v e-t.. e.- fP . S;ANDARDIZATION OF PRENY1. ARSINE OXIDE TITRANT 1.0 Su= mary of Method The phenyl arsine oxide titrant is standardized assinst a potassium bi-iodate selution using an smperometric titration assembly as endpoint indication. As an ' alternative, potassium . iodate standsrc can also be used. h ;3 ;g.. -.. v. 2.0 Apparatus 2.1 Amperocetric Titration Apparstus 2.2
0. 5 ml o r 1. 0 =1 pipe t 3.0 Reagents 3.1 Standard potsssium bi-ioduce so3ution (.0282. N) - Dissolve 0.9163 C of potassium bi-iodste KH (10 )k dilute to cne liter in a volumetric IIds.in water and Store in an amber glass s topperec bottle.
3.2 Hydrochloric Acid solution (1:1). Carefully add 50 ml of, concentrated hydrochicric acid to 50 ml of demineralized wa t er. (=g 3.3 Potassium Iodide 4.0 Procedure 4.1 Place 200 ml of dcmineralized water into the amperometric titrator sample besker. 4.2 Add sbeut 0.5 grams of potassium iodide crystals and 2 ml of hydrochloric acid sclution to the beaker. Agitate to dissolve the potsssium iodide. 4.3 carefully pipec 0.5 or 1.0 ml of standard potassium bi-iodate solution into the besker. Mix well. Place beaker in dark for 5 mir.utes. 4.4 Fill ceperometric tierster buret with phenyl arsine oxide titr nt to be standardized. 4.5 Pisec beaker containing aliquot of standard potassium bi-iodste c sclution into titrator assc=bly. 4.6 Titrate sampic ss in totsi residusi chlorine determination.
,'.. ' h a Standard,1:stion of Phenyl Arsino oxide Titrant g Page 2 c!> 5.0 Calculstion 5.1 Calculste nor=clity of phenyl arsine oxide titrant as o fcilows: N V N = 8 8 V t where: N Normslity of phenyl arsine oxide titrant = g N, Norms 13 ty of potassium bi-iodate standard = V = volume of titrant used in ml g V, Volume of potassium bi-iodate sliquot = 6.0 Ref e rence 6.1 AST)! D1253-76 STANDARD !!ETHODS OF TEST TOR RESIDUAL l CHLORINE IN b'AIER, Part 21, 1976. t 4 O e m e e k ~ ~ - (\\ 9 5 i- \\ womm-.. ]
ATTACHMENT 12 Evidence of Potential for Biofouling Problems in Heat Exchangers at Oyster Creek As a result of the inability to maintain a sufficient flow of wat er through certain co::ponents of the Emergency Service Water System, the Oyster Creek Station was shutdown in August of 1982. Inspections of the containment spray i heat exchanger water-boxes, tube-sheets and tubes revealed dense accumulations cf fouling organis:s. The density of organisms was great enough to completely block the flow of water through the heat exchanger. Colonial Hydroids and Eryozoans and two species of nussels accounted for most of the biofouling. Subsequent inspections of the Emergency Service Water System in December of 4962 cnd August of 1983 revealed similar problems (see attachments). The l analyses of these samples indicated that the fouling problem consisted of two ccmponents: I 1) settlement and growth of fouling organisms within the heat exchangers. 2) transport and trapping of dislodged organisms and debris from areas upstream of the heat exchanger. It was cetermined that the first component of the problem was caused by the failure to chlorinate the Emergency Service Water System. i e w 4 i
ATTACHMENT II-A Tsesults of Analysis of GloCouling Sample obtained iroc ToCCa.% a t Lxenanger 1-1 Wes t Tvpe qf Orcanism Relative Abundance By Volume Colonial Hydroids and Bryczoant lot Blue cussels (5-39 mm in length) 65% Ribbed cussels (15-24 mm) 1% Talse Angel Wing clam (16a.m) 1s Amphipod tuces l 14 Hyd rol'ce s (worns in white tuces) 44 Barnacles i 34 l sea grass (2ostera) l 10% l 1 eaves St O e l 9 6 i
ATTACHMENT II-B Results of Analysis of Diofouling Sample Obtained from Conceinment Sorcy llect Exchcnger 1-2 (ilevis,ed 9/82) Relative Abundance Se t tl emen t Tvoc cf Organism (11y Volume) Condition __ Periud Colonial Hydroids and Bryozoans 56% Live June-Oct. (" Grass like" organisms) Blue cussels* 21% Dead Mar.-Jujy Amphipod tubes 7% Dead (" shrimp like" organisms) Hydroides 7% Live April-Oct. (worms in white calcercous tubes) Barnacles 5% Dead March-Nov. Tunicates 3% Live June-Oct. Plant Fragments 2% Dead
~~shell lengths ranged from 1,2-2.6 cm 9~~
M
ATTACHPINT II-C = Results of :ne Analyt:t ..! :no B:cfc.: ling Sosaple Oc:ctned frem Ce n t c ; n:..e n ' S c t i v ' !!e c t Cx er.c no e r 1-2 g : u:..r.: r 10, 1962 yype et' Org an t s :t. te l t.. :. c Abundonce
~~Maximum, C.,giytrt....~~
tcy 's el une ) Sizo colonial hyd:cids a..d b:yczoans 50s live (" grass like" orgcnisr.s! blue mussels 141 25 mm t ?i ' dood r sleised niussols 11s 50uunUI dead colonial tunicates 9's dead j j hytisoidec 6 *6 dead (worms in white calcareous tubts) fisn 44 northern pipefish 160 mm dead Atlantic silverside 05 mm fourspine stickleback 40 mm bernacles 3% dead algae 14 live leaves 1% dead otner detritus 14 l 6 M
Environmental Assessment From an environmental point of view, the chlorination of each of the 6 condenser sections separately, for 6 twenty minutes per day, in sequential f ashion, as opposed to chlorinating the entire condenser at one time, results in a reduction in contact time for the organisms entrained in the cooling water flow. When chlorinating the. entire condenser at once, entrained organisms are exposed to the "f ull dose" of :hlorine from the point of chlorine in3ection to the point of discharge. The only dilution of the chlorinated water occurs af ter discharge into the receiving water body. Sequential chlorination of the 6 sections as described above results in the dilution of the chlorinated water, to 1/6 of its original concentration, immediately af ter the cooling water f rom the six condenser sections converges n in the discharge tunnel. This chlorination scheme minimizes the time that entrained organisms are exposed to chlorine residuals and minimizes the concentration of chlorin'e residuals in the receiving water body. l I l l l _ -. - _ _ _ - - - _ _ - -}}

ML20079F432

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