ML20028A804
| ML20028A804 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | North Carolina State University |
| Issue date: | 11/03/1982 |
| From: | Cockrell R North Carolina State University, RALEIGH, NC |
| To: | Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20028A802 | List: |
| References | |
| NRP-RGC-82-204, NUDOCS 8211290057 | |
| Download: ML20028A804 (1) | |
Text
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9 NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
.,T E WEIGH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING.
orranrutur or NUCtEAn Excistraisc November 3, 1982 Nuctran Reacron Pnocasu Box 5636 Z,276so NRP-RGC-82-204 Director of Nuclear Reactor Regulations U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C.
20555 Docket No. 50-297 EMERGENCY PLAN
Dear Sir:
Please find enclosed ten (10) copies of the North Carolina State University PULSTAR Reactor Emergency Plan.
The Plan has been prepared in accordance with Title 10 Code of Federal Regu-lations, Part 50 Appendix E, and with the guidance of ANSI /ANS 15.16 and NUREG-0849 (For interim use and comment).
If you should have any questions concerning the Plan, please contact me or Mr. David Caccamo of my staff.
Sincerely, WW Ro ert G. Cockrell, Director Nuclear Reactor Program RGC/bwl 4
Enclosures (10) cc: (w/o enclosure)
Dr. P. J. Turinsky Mr. D. P. Caccamo Mr. T. C. Bray Mr. R. D. Cross
, e 8211290057 821117 PDR ADOCK 05000297 F
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l PULSTAR EMERGENCY PLAN g
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North Carolina StateUniversity IIt: y Box So67. Raleigh 2765o V
otfre dde chanalbr LETTER OF PROMULGATION Need for Emergency Plan I
To avoid undue risk to the health and safety of the public and the University employees and students, it is necessary to prepare an Emergency Plan that provides for adequate training and readiness.
I is the policy of North Carolina State University to It ensure that emergency planning is at a level that will meet or exceed government regulations and will merit public satisfaction by providing for the saf e and ef ficient operation of the Univer-sity's research reactor.
Responsibility The Chancellor of North Carolina State University is re-sponsible for' the execution of the PULSTAR Emergency Plan.
The authority for development and execution of the Plan is delegated to the Director of the Nuclear Reactor Program through the direction of the Department Head, Nuclear Engineering Department I
and the Dean of the School of Engineering.
The head of each organization performi.ng Emergency Plan related activities is responsible for:
identifying those activ-ities within his organization which are emergency related as defined by the Emergency Plan; establishing and clearly defining the duties and responsibilities of personnel within his organi-zation who execute those activities; and planning, selecting, I
and training personnel to meet the requirements of the Emergency Plan.
1 1 %
Bruce R.
Poulton, Chancellor North Carolina State University I
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i North Carolina State University is North Carolina's original land-grant institution and is a constituent instituion of The University of North Carolina.
TABLE OF CON. TENTS Letter of Promulgation..............................................
i Table of Contents...................................................
11
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1-1 2.0 DEFINITIONS....................................................
2-1 2.1 Burlington Nuclear Facility..........................
2-1 I
2.2 Site.................................................
,2-1 2.3 Reactor Building.....................................
2-1 2.4 Operations Boundary..................................
2-1 2.5 Assessment Actions...................................
2-1 l
2.6 Corrective Actions..................................
2-1 2.7 Protective Actions...................................
2-1 2-8 Recovery Actions.....................................
2-2 2-9 Warning Point........................................
2-2 2.10 Shall, Should and May................................
2-2 3.0 ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY................................
3-1 3.1 Normal Organizational Sturcture......................
3-1 3-2 Emergency Organizational Sturcture...................
3-1 3.2.1 Emergency Director...................................
3-2 I
3.2.2 Health Physicist.....................................
3-4 3.2.3 Emergency Operations Manager.........................
3-5 3.2.4 Emergency Coordinator................................
3-6 3.2.5 Reactor Support Manager..............................
3-7 3.2.6 Administration and Logistics Manager.................
3-8 3.2.7 Emergency News Center Director.......................
3-9 3.2.8 Response Team........................................
3-10 l
3.2.8.1 Radiological Emergency Team Leaders..................
3-10 3.2.8.2 Damage Control Team Leader...........................
3-11 I
3.2.8.3 Environmental Monitoring Team Leader.................
3-11 3.2.9 Public Safety........................................
3-12 3.3 Off-Campus Service Support...........................
3-12 3.3.1 Medical Assistance...................................
3-12 l
3.3.2 Ambulance Service....................................
3-12 1
3.3.3 Fire Assistance......................................
3-12 3.3.4 Wake Country Radiation Management Team...............
3-12 11
3.3.5 Department of Crime Control and Public Safety...........
3-13 l
3.3.6 NC State Radiation Protection Emergency Team..........
3-13 3.3.7 Nuclear Regulatory Commission..........................
3-13 3.3.8 Department of Energy.......................'............
3-13 3.3.9 Wake County / City of Raleigh............................
3-14 3.0 EMERGENCY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM.................................. 4-1 4.1 Emergency Classes......................................
4-1 4.1.1 The Emergency Classes..................................
4-1 4.2 Emergency Class Categorization.........................
4-1 4.3 Types of Emergency Classes.............................
4-2 4.3.1 Notification of Unusual Events.........................
4-2 4.3.1.1 Emergency Action Levels for Notification of Unusual Events.............................................
4-2 4.3.2 Alert..................................................
4-3 l
4.3.2.1 Emergency Action Levels for an Alert...................
4-3 4.3.3 Site Area Emergency....................................
4-4 4.3.3.1 Emergency Action Levels for a Site Area Emergency......
4-4 4.3.4 General Emergency......................................
4-5 4.3.4.1 Emergency Action Levels for a General Emergency........ 4-5 5.0 EMERGENCY ACTION LEVELS.........................................
5-1 l
6.0 EMERGENCY PLANNING ZONES.........................................
6-1 1
7.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE...............................................
7-1 7.1 Activation of the Emergency Organization...............
7-1 7.1.1 Activation of Emergency Organization for a Notification of Unusual Events..................................
7-1 7.1.2 Activation of Emergency Organization for an Alert......
7-1 l
7.1.3 Activation of Emergency Organization for a Site Emergency..........................................
7-2 l
7.1.4 Activation of Emergency Organization for a General Emergency..........................................
7-2 7.2 Assessment Actions.....................................
7-3 I
7.2.1 Release Rate Determination with Normal Instruments l
Inoperable.........................................
7-3 7.2.2 On-Site Dose Rates.....................................
7-3 7.2.3 On-Site Personnel Doses................................
7-3 7.3 Notification...........................................
7-3 111
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7-4 7.4.1 Notification of Unusual Events........................
7-5 7.4.2 Alert.................................................
7-5 7.4.3 Site Emergency and General Emergency..................
7-5 7.5 Protective Actions....................................
7-5 7.5.1 Evacuation............................................
7-5 7.5.2 Aid to Affected Personnel 7-6 7.5.3 Use of Emergency Supplies............................
7-6 l
7.5.4 Contamination Control.................................
~7-6
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7.5.5 Decontamination and First Aid.........................
7-7 7.5.6 Medical Transportation................................
7-7 7.5.7 Medical Treatment.....................................
7-7 7.5.8 Exposure Levels.......................................
7-7 7.6 Emergency Health Physics..............................
7-7 I
7.7 Penetration Planning..................................
7-7 7.7.1 Teams.................................................
7-8 7.7.2 Objectives............................................
7-8 7.7.3 Radiation Exposure....................................
7-8 l
7.7.3.1 Guidelines............................................
7-9 7.7.3.2 Emergency Dose........................................
7-9 7.7.4 The Reactor Building Penetration......................
7-9 7.7.5 Return of Personnel...................................
7-9 8.0 EMERGENCY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT..............................
8-1 8.1 Emergency Facilities..................................
8-1 8.1.1 PULSTAR Control Room..................................
8-1 8.1.2 Emergency Support Center..............................
8-1 g
Emergency Equipment and Systems.......................
8-2 8.2 l
5 8.2.1 First-Aid and Decontamination.........................
8-2 S.2.2 Communications Systems................................
8-2 8.2.2.1 Intercom Systems......................................
8-2 8.2.2.2 Public Address System.................................
8-3 l
8.2.2.3 Telephone System......................................
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8.2.2.4 Radio System..........................................
8-3 8.2.3 Radiological Assessment Equipment.....................
8-3 8.2.3.1 Emergency Equipment Lockers...........................
8-3 8.2.3.2 Survey and Sampling Equipment.........................
8-4 I
8.2.3.3 Radiation Monitoring System............................
8-4 iv
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8.2.3.4 Meteoroligical Monitoring.............................
8-4 8.2.3.5 Campus Monitoring system..............................
8-4 8.2.3.6 Fire Alarm System.....................................
8-5 8.2.3.7 Security Alarm System.................................
8-5 8.2.3.8 Analytical Laboratories...............................
8-5 l
8.2.3.9 Primary Instrumentation...............................
8-6 8.2.3.10 Auxiliary Electrical System...........................
8-6 l
9.0 REC 0VERY........................................................
9-1 9.1 General...............................................
'9-1 9.2 Recovery Organization.................................
9-1 9.2.1 Recovery Manager......................................
9-1 9.2.2 Reactor Operations Manager............................
9-1 9.2.3 Technical Analysis Manager............................
9-2 9.2.4 Radiological Control & Waste Manager..................
9-2 9.2.5 Advisory Support......................................
9-2 9.2.6 Design and Construction Support.......................
9-2 9.2.7 Recovery Coordinator..................................
9-3 9.3 Recovery Procedures...................................
9-3 10.0 MAINTAINING EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS..............................
10-1 10.1 Organizational Preparedness...........................
10-1 l
10.1.1 Training..............................................
10-1 10.1.1.1 Emergency Director....................................
10-1 l
10.1.1.2 Emergency Operations Manager..........................
10-2 10.1.1.3 Emergency Coordinator.................................
10-2 10.1.1.4 Reactor Operators.....................................
10-2 10.1.1.5 Damage Control / Radiological Emergency Teams...........
10-3 10.1.1.6 Reactor Support Manager...............................
10-3 l
10.1.1.7 Administration & Logistics Manager....................
10-3 10.1.1.8 Health Physicist......................................
10-3 10.1.1.9 Nuclear Engineering Dept. Training....................
10-3 10.1.1.10 Radiation Protection Office (RPO)
(Environmental Monitoring Team)....................
10-3 10.1.1.11 Campus Security.......................................
10-4 10.1.1.12 Information Services Office...........................
10-4 10.1.1.13 Off-Site Organizations................................
10-4 l
10.1.2 Drills and Exercises..................................
10-5 10.1.2.1 Drills................................................
10-5 1
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I 10.1.2.2 Exercises..............................................
10-6 l
10.1.3 Emergency Planning Coordinator 10-7 10.2 Review and Update of the Plan and Implementing Procedures............................
10-7 10.2.1 Plan Revision..........................................
10-8 10.2.2 Off Site Agreements...................................
10-8 I
10.3 Maintenance and Inventory of Emergency Equipment and Supplies.......................................
10-8 I
10.3.1 Emergency Equipment and Supplies.......................
10-8 10.3.2 Medical Equipment and Supplies.........................
10-9 10.4 Radiation Protection Council...........................
10-9 I
APPENDICES:
Appendix A Letters of Agreement Appendix B Effluent Radionuclide Measurements Appendix C List of Emergency Procedures I
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Emergency Plan applies to the North Carolina State University (NCSU) PULSTAR's license pursuant to Title 10 of Federal Regulations, Chapter 1, Part 50, as a research reactor, I
Facility Operating License No. R-120 (Docket No. 50-297).
The North Carolina State University PULSTAR reactor is a pool reactor presently operating with PULSTAR pin-type fuel elements. The PULSTAR fuel is 4% enriched with Uranium-235'.
The reactor core is attached to the outlet pipe and includes a flapper assembly, a grid plate, and a frame for holding the l
core instrumentation.
Core loading is a 5 x 5 array of twenty-five (25) fuel elements placed on a 6 x 6 aluminum grid plate.
Ten (10) graphite reflectors are in peripheral grid positions.
The maximum licensed steady-state operating power is 1 MW(t).
The North Carolina State University PULSTAR reactor is located I
in the Burlington Nuclear Facility on the campus of the North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (Figure 1-1).
The PULSTAR reactor is used for experimentation and re-search by undergraduate and graduate students at the University.
In addition, services are provided to utilities and industry in reactor operator training, neutron radiography, and neutron activation analysis. The reactor is normally operated five l
days per week during business hours. Typically the PULSTAR accumulates approximately 800 MW-brs per year.
The objectives of this Emergency Plan are to establish guidelines and designate areas of responsibility for the I
Nuclear Reactor Program (NRP) staff and NCSU supporting per-sonnel should an accident or incident occur at the PULSTAR Reactor that may present an undue risk to the health and safety of individuals, or may result in damage to property.
Additionally, the Plan identifies the off-site support organizations that may be activated if required.
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North Carolina State University has a campus-wide Radiation Protection Office which is intended to integrate radiological safety at all campus facilities using radioactive materials or radiation producing devices. The North Carolina State University I
PULSTAR Emergency Plan applies to Reici.cc related emergencies only and will be implemented and directed by the Director, NRP, in lieu of any other University office.
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I 2.0 DEFINITIONS 2.1 Burlington Nuclear Facility The Burlington Nuclear facility is composed of the Administrative and Laboratories building with its basement and three stories which house the Departments' of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Research, I
their offices and laboratories, and the Reactor Building and mechanical equipment room.
2.2 Site The North Carolina State University PULSTAR Reactor Site in-I cludes the Burlington Engineering Laboratories (BEL), the area between East Broughton Drive and West Broughton Drive and the area between East Yarborough Drive and the North Face of the Burlington Building as shown in Figure 2-1.
2.3 Reactor Building The Reactor Building includes the Reactor Bay, Control Room, and Mechanical Equipment Room and serves as a confinement area in case of an emergency (Figure 2-2).
2.4 Operations Boundary The operations boundary is the border which demarcates the Reactor Building (Figure 2-2).
2.5 Assessment Actions Those actions taken during or after an accident to obtain and process information which is necessary to make decisions to imple-ment specific emergency procedures.
2.6 Corrective Actions Those measures taken to correct and terminate an emergency.
2.7 Protective Actions Those measures taken in anticipation of or after an emergency has occurred to protect the health and safety of individuals and prevent damage to property.
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2.8 Recovery Actions Those actions taken after the emergency to restore the facility to its pre-emergency condition.
2.9 Warning Point The warning point is the point of contact for notifying the State of tbrth Carolina Department of Crime Control and Public Sa fety.
2.10 Shall, Should, and May The word "shall" is used to denote a requirement; the word "should" to denote a recommendation; and the word "may" to denote permission, neither a requirement nor a recommendation.
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I 3.0 ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES The North Carolina State University PULSTAR Emergency Plan is designed to provide a means of meeting the additional operational demands that are encountered during an emergency situation. To ef-fect this goal, an Emergency Organization compatible with the normal operating staff is employed in whic.h:
a.
A single individual is tasked with the responsi-bility to direct all emergency response activities'.
b.
The normal operating staff is assigned specific authorities, responsibilities, and duties.
c.
The organization is structured to provide additional resources as is necessary for the proper conduct of the emergency.
d.
The Emergency Organization structure allows for the effective transition to it from the normal one.
This Emergency Organization is responsible for all phases of the emergency from its initiation until the commencement of the recovery operation.
3.1 Normal Organization Structure Figure 3-1 details the normal operating organization for the North Carolina State PULSTAR Nuclear Reactor Program.
The personnel available during normal working hours provide the broadest base of specialties to respond to an emergency.
3.2 Emergency Organization Structure The NCSU Emergency Organization is designed to include as many similarities and functional characteristics as possible from the j
normal operating structure. This allows a smooth transition into
(
the Emergency Organization and for the effective deployment of ex-pertise (Figure 3-2).
Available staff personnel, not specifically designated positions in the Organization, will be assigned to the I
Emergency Operations Manager for duty on emergency teams.
The Emergency Director shall have the authority to modify the in-ternal Emergency Organization structure responsible to him as he feels is necessary during the actual course of an emergency.
3-1
3.2.1 Emergency Director A Designated NRP Staff Member initiates the Emergency Organiza-tion and response using the criteria given in Sections 4 and 5 for the various classes of emergency.
The position of Emergency Director is then initially filled by this Staff Member until he is relieved by the Director, Nuclear Reactor Program (NRP), or if he should arrive prior, the Reactor Operations Manager who becomes Actir.g Emergency Director. The Emergency Director, whether interim al-e ternate, or principal, is delegated the immediate and unilateral authority to act on behalf of the University in the conduct of all emergency actions involving the facility.
Reports to:
Nuclear Engineering Department Head Supervises:
Nuclear Reactor Program staff and all on-campus Emergency Organization assets Basic function:
The Emergency Director is responsibile for taking all actions necessary to manager the reactor emergency.
Primary Responsibilities 1.
Coordinating and directing the combined activi-ties of the NCSU Emergency Organization, both on-site and on-campus.
2.
Classifying the emergency.
I 3.
Assuring notification of University and local agencies as delineated in the procedures which implement the Emergency Plan.
l 4.
Issuing instructions to the Emergency Organiza-tion and insuring that appropriate actions are taken.
5.
Initiating protective action to be taken on-l campus as required.
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6.
Determining the feasibility of re-entry opera-tions during or immediately following an emer-gency situation, including the authorization for re-entry to any part of the facility and l
the authorization of emergency workers to in-cur radiation exposures in excess of 10CFR20 limits (in accordance with 10CFR20 requirements and with the advice of the Emergency Coordinator).
7.
Assuring continuity of on-campus resources.
8.
Insuring Health Physics activities on-campus are carried out.
9.
Declaring the termination of the emergency.
Principal Working Relationships:
I 1.
Emergency Operations Manager concerning review and approval of all emergency and recovery plans and procedures.
2.
Information Services Director concerning public in-I formation needs.
3.
Local, State and Federal emergency support agencies concerning services, technical opinions and advice.
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Health Physicist and Emergency Coordinator concerning radiological considerations.
5.
Administrations and Logistics Support Manager concern-l ing administrative needs of the Emergency Organization.
6.
Nuclear Engineering Department Head concerning status of the Emergency Organization.
i Principal:
Director, Nuclear Reactor Program Alternate:
Reactor Operations Manager Interim:
Designated NRP Staff Member 3-3 I
I 3.2.2 Health Physicist Reports to:
Emergency Director Supervises :
Health Physics staff Basic Functions: The Health Physicist is responsible for the development of plans and procedures to pro-cess and control liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes in a manner consistent with the Emer-gency Organization objectives, to minimize the radiological effects on the health and l
safety of the Emergency Organization workers, other University activities, and the public, aad to prevent the spread of contamination.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Develop plans and procedures for sampling and processing
. liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes.
2.
Provide information and recommendations to the Emergency Director concerning future operations that could affect the reactor or the environment.
3.
Supervise the Health Physics staff and NRP personnel assigned by the Emergency Director to decontamination, monitoring, and sampling as required by the situation.
Principal Working Relationships:
1.
Emergency Operations Manager regarding implementation of plans to obtain samples and process liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes, and to obtain data on reactor waste systems' status.
2.
Reactor Support Manager for drawings of systems and equipment.
3.
Emergency Director concerning review and approval of proposed modifications to procedures.
4.
Emergency Coordinator regarding total on-campus radio-logical protection.
Principal :
Reactor Health Physicist Alternate:
Reactor Safety Specialist 1
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3.2.3 Emergency Operations Manager Reports to:
Emergency Director Supervises :
Reactor Operations Staff Basic Functions: The Emergency Operations Manager is re-responsible for the implemen'tation of the emergency activities with the objective of taking the reactor to a safe shutdown condition and maintaining it in that condition in a manner which minimizes the effect on the health and safety of the public.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Responsible for the implementation of reactor opera-ing and emergency procedures in support of the emergency operation.
2.
Responsible for all reactor maintenance activities.
3.
Responsible for training of reactor operating personnel l
l on the required emergency operating and maintenance plans and procedures.
gm 4.
Provide information and recommendations to the Recovery Manager concerning future operations that could affect the reactor or the environment.
Principal Working Relationships:
1.
Emergency Director concerning review and approval of proposed modifications to procedures, systems, and equipment.
2.
Health Physicist concerning plans and procedures to process and control liquid, gaseous, and solid wastes.
3.
Reactor Support Manager, for drawings of systems and equipment.
4.
Emergency Coordinator concerning plans and procedures affecting off-site radiation protection programs.
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v Principal:
Reactor Operations Manager I
Alternate:
Chief Reactor Operator Interim:
Designated Senior Reactor Operator I
3.2.4 Emergency Cocrdinator Reports to:
Emergency Director I
Supervises:
Radiation Protection Office Basic Functions: Coordinate the Emergency Plan, particularly with respect to off-campus radiological consequence assessment and l
its interaction with the remainder of the Emergency Plan arrangements specific to his facility.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Establish communications with the on-campus Emergency Support Center and obtain information on the diagnosis and prognosis of the emergency condition, the estimates of radioactive material releases, and the prevailing meteorological conditions. This communication channel I
is to remain in use for this information as long as is necessary.
2.
Maintain communications with off-campus authorities designated in the Emergency Plan and relate the acci-l dent diagnosis and prognosis information necessary for the off-campus authorities to implement their emer-l gency plans.
3.
Organize and dispatch radiological monitoring teams as required.
4.
Interpret all the radiological data obtained and up-date the on-campus Emergency Support Center and off-I campus authorities with the results, in terms of both real-time measurements and, to the extent possible, projected radiological exposures.
5.
Arrange for any further on and off-campus radiological l
evaluations that are requested.
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Arrange for and dispatch any special assistance or service requested (e.g. radiological measurements or I,;
' protection equipment, on-campus emergency medical treatment,etc.)
j 7.
Receive any responding representatives from off-campus emergency agencies and assist in their in-formation and communication needs.
8.
Cdnsult with Emergency Director concerning Radiation exposures to Emergency Organization personnel.
Principal:
Radiation Protection Officer Alternate:
Associate Radiation Protection Officer Interim:
Reactor Engineer
, 3. 2. 5 -
Reactor Support Manager Reports to:
Emergency Director Supervises :
Technical Support Staf f functions of I&C Support, System Analysis Support, Licensing Procedures Support, and a data facility.
'hsic Functions: This manager is responsible for the I
analysis and development of plans and procedures in direct support of Reactor Operations personnel with ti;e objective of taking the reactor to a safe shut-down condition in a manner which minimizes the effects on the health and safety of the public. This manager provides a central facility for the collection, retention,
~
retrieval, and transmitting of reactor data.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Analyze instrument and control problems, determine alternates, develop emergency procedures, design and coordinate the installation of short term instrument I
and control modifications.
2.
Analyze problems, determine alternates, and develop I
emergency protsdures in the area of system operations.
3-7
I 3.
Analyze conditions and develop guidance for reactor operations personnel on protection of the core.
4.
Develop out-of-normal operating and emergency pro-I cedures in direct support of reactor operations personnel.
5.
Provide a central point for the collection, reten-tion, retrieval, and transmitting of reactor data.
6.
Resolve questions concerning reactor operating licensing requirements with NRC representatives.
Principal Working Relationship:
1.
Emergency Operations Manager regarding the implementation of the Emergency Plan and its procedures.
2.
Emergency Coordinator regarding any reactor manipula-tions that might affect off-site doses.
3.
Health Physicist regarding any plant manipulations that might affect in-plant radiation or waste inven-tory levels.
Principal:
Reactor Engineer I
Alternate:
To be named by directive 3.2.6 Administration and Logistics Manager I
Reports to:
Emergency Director - as a resource only.
Supervises :
Administration, Logistics, and Advisory Support.
Basic Functions: Provides administrative, logistic, communi-cations, technical advisory, and personnel support for emergency operations.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Function as the emergency organization purchasing agent with responsibility for contract negotiation / administration I
and material control.
2.
Administer the petty cash fund and expense accounts.
I Provide for handling of payroll matters.
3.
Meet the manpower request needs of the emergency organiza-tion both in the technical and craft disciplines.
Insure that clerica5 support is available and provide labor re-l lations assistance as required.
3-8
4.
Supervise Advisory Staff providing day-to-day support to Emergency Director.
Should be in attendance at all staff meetings of the emergency organizations.
The Adrainistration and Logistics Manager is responsible for a processing center where registration of all arriving emergency per-sonnel is conducted. The center will maintain personnel lists giv-3 ing names and locations of all emergency personnel.
The Advisory Staff consists of those senior technical personnel who will serve on the Emergency Director's staff. Typically, they will consist of the Nuclear Engineering Department Faculty / Pro-fessional Staff and the Nuclear Regulatory Representative.
Principal:
Department Head, Department of Nuclear I
Engineering Alternate:
Graduate Administrator 3.2.7 Emergency News Center Director Reports to: Emergency Director - as a resource only.
Supervises :
Information Services staff.
Primary Responsibilities:
The Emergency News Center Director is the ranking public information representative for the University who (1) relays information to other Information Services, (2) supervises all com-munications operations at his office, (3) distributes all news re-l leases and statements, and (4) maincsins direct contact with the media representatives, to develop guidance on policy and background material. This person coordinates information with his counterparts from local, state, and federal agencies and with other agencies in-volved with the emergency, and provides a means of meeting the media's I
needs. He will coordinate all information releases with the State Emergency Response Team Public Information Officer.
Principal Working Relationships 1.
Information Services Staff regarding all development and policy decisions they need.
2.
Emergency Director for the handling of the press's technical questions.
3-9
I 3.
Federal, state, and local government public relations of ficials.
4.
News reporters.
Principal :
Information Services Director Alternate:
Nuclear Engineering Extension Specialist 3.2.8 Response Teams Three Response Teams are under the control of the Emergency Operations Manager, and one of these, the Damage Control Team, is structured so that it may be subdivided into additional specialist Teams.
3.2.d.1 Radiological Emergency Team Leader The Radiological Emergency Team consists of members of the Radia-tion Health Physics organization and other Nuclear Engineering Depart-ment personnel who have received the necessary training.
Functions:
1.
Determine and report on-site radiological conditions.
I 2.
Establish areas to which access should be controlled for the purpose of minimizing personnel exposures.
3.
Issue protective equipment and personnel gear.
4.
Provide personnel decontamination services.
5.
Determine and maintain records of personnel exposure.
l The Senior Health Physics person present becomes the Radiological l
Emergency Team Leader.
When in the judgement of the Emergency Director
.the emergency situation has stabilized sufficiently, the Health Physics Group members will be released from the direct supervision of Team duties. The existence of this team early in the emergency situation is to enable direct operational control by the Emergency Operations Manager i
of all personnel during the critical period.
I 3 - 10 i
l i
I Principal:
Reactor Health Physicist Alternate:
Reactor Safety Specialist Interim:
To be named by directive 3.2.8.2 Damage Control Team Leader At the discretion of the Emergency Operations Manager, any number of damage control teams may be activated to deal with equip-ment specific emergencies (i.e. electronic, mechanical, etc.).
This being the case, no one principal is designated as leader.
Rather a pool of alternates from which to choose is composed of the NRP staff and licensed operators.
Functions:
1.
Assessment of equipment damage.
2.
Emergency repair as required.
I 3.
Installation of emergency systems, structures, or components.
4.
Performance of other actions necessary to re-duce the effect of an emergency, or to slow down a release when repair is not possible.
l Principals:
To be named by directive.
f 3.2.8.3 Environmental Monitoring Team Leader The environmental monitoring team is composed of members of the Radiation Protection Office.
Primary Responsibilities:
1.
Conduct on-campus (other than in-facility) monitoring and surveys as required to confirm projected releases and to determine levels of environmental contamination.
Pri ncipal :
Radiation Protection Officer Alternate:
Associate Radiation Protection Of ficer l
t 3 - 11 I
l l
3.2.9 Public Safety Personnel from Public Safety have primary responsibility for all crowd control and security requirements on the NCSU campus. The Public I
Saf:ty response will be activated by means of the Emergency Telephone Number, 737-3333. They will normally place all additional emergency request calls.
3.3 Off-Campus Service Support To assist the North Carolina State University Emergency Organiza-tion, outside agencies may be required.
The following sub-sections describe the assistance to be provided when required.
3.3.1 Medical Assistance Rex Hospital has the emergency medical facilities available to render immediate treatment to contaminated and non-contaminated in-jured personnel.
The on-call Hospital Administrator, when appraised of the emergency situation, will activate those positions in the Rex Emergency Plan that are required to respond.
3.3.2 Ambulance Service The Wake County Emergency Medical Service will provide emergency transportation for contaminated and non-contaminated injured personnel to Rex Hospital. Ambulance personnel have installed two-way radio I
communication with the Rex Hospital Emergency Room staff for the pur-poses of emergency treatment and triage.
3.3.3 Fire Assistance The Raleigh Fire Department provides primary fire fighting pro-I tection for North Carolina State University.
In case of fire, Fire Station #5 will provide a pumper truck and, if required, Fire Station #1 will provide a ladder truck.
Normal Fire Department response time is less than 5 minutes as measured during drills.
3.3.4 Wake County Radiation Management Team The Wake County Radiation Management Team was formed to aid with emergency services at any time an accident involving radio-3 - 12
active materials happens in Wake County. The team is under the di-rection of the Chief of the State Radiation Protection Branch. The team is nn way designed to take command of an emergency at the EE scene, but would render aid to the State Radiation Protection Branch in handling the situation.
l 3.3.5 Department of Crime Control and Public Safety The Department of Crime Control and Public Safety functions as the State of North Carolina's Emergency Planning Coordinator.
In that capacity, the department has overall management responsibility l
for planning, developing, and updating North Carolina's Radiological Emergency Response.
The Department coordinates emergency response activities for the state of North Carolina and other government re-sponse agencies.
3.3.6 North Carolina State Radiation Protection Emergency Team I
The North Carolina State Radiation Protection Team is available through the Radiation Protectior. Sectien of the Division of Facility I
Services, Department of Human Retources. Whenever the NCSU Emergency Organization is activated, the Radiation Protection Section and the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety will be notified and ad-vised of the situation and any required assistance. During other than normal working hours, both departments are alerted by calling the State Highway Patrol, which also, within the Department of Crime Control and Safety, provides backup security forces.
3.3.7 Nuclear Regulatory Commission At the request of North Carolina State University, the Nuclear l
Regulatory Commission (NRC) will provide additional technical advice, assistance, and personnel during and following a radiological emergency.
The NRC will be notified and advised upon the activation of the Emergency Organization.
I 3.3.8 Department of Energy Upon the request of the State of North Carolina, the Department of Energy (DOE) will provide equipment, supplies, and personnel to evaluate hazards and minimize radiation exposure.
In addition, the I
3 - 13
00E will assist in carrying out emergency response operations and im-plementing protective actions.
DOE coordinates under the Inter-agency Radiological Plan (IRAP) federal resources in the event of a radio-logical emergency.
3.3.9 Wake County / City of Raleigh I
Notification of Wake County and the City of Raleigh is done simultaneously by contacting the Emergency Preparedness Office for Wake County.
No direct support is received from either other than the emergency services previously detailed.
I I
I l I l E I
I I
3 -14
I 3L _S-~A R \\ 9 3 O RGA \\ Z A-~ O \\
3 l
Radiation NCSU Protection I.
Chancellor Council I
l Dean Radiation of Protection Engineering Officer I
I l
i I
NE I
Dept Head I
I l
l Reactor Director I
I Health Nuclear Reactor
_,__,_,_,3 l
l Physicist Program Reactor Reactor Operations Engineer Manager I
Chief of Chief Reactor Reactor Line Operator Maintenance
_ __ Advisory /Liason I
Figure 3 - 1
I
\\CSJ I
EV ERG E \\ CY ORGA\\ ZA--'O N I
NCSU Chancellor I
Dean Public l
Safety Engineering i
I l
l Administration NE l_. _
I Department I
and Logistics Manager l
i Off-Campus i
Emergency News I
Support EMERGENCY
_l Center Agencies
- DIRECTOR Director l
See Section 3.3 I
i Emergency Reactor Emergency Health Operations Support i
Coordinator Physicist Manager Manager I
Environmental Monitoring I
Team Radiological Damage Em ncy Control Team l
Line
---_ Advisory /Liason Figure 3 - 2
c I
I 4.0 EMERGENCY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM A key element of the PULSTAR Emergency Plan is a pre-planned system of notifying and activating various emergency organizations.
This system uses graded levels of emergency response where the I
actions specified are organized according to the general severity of the emergency condition. While many potential emergencies exist that have less severe off-site consequences than the least severe
~
class specified below, the planning for on-site emergencies is im-l portant.
4.1 Emergency Classes There are three (3) basic tests or criteria that must be con-l sidered in deciding what emergency class exists. These are:
Radioactivity Release:
Is a release occurring, and if so, what is its magnitude?
Core Damage:
If no release to the environment is occurring, has there been a release of fission products from the I
fuel ? Do the radiation levels in the coolant system, I
reactor building, etc. pose a potential danger to the public?
Plant Degradation: Has the reactor responded to equipment failures or external events as designed? If the re-l actor has not responded as expected, what is the pro-gnosis for a safe recovery? Or, alternately, what further degradation will occur (e.g. corrective action is not likely to be successful or cannot be accomplished before a major release occurs)?
I The four (4) Emergency Classes in increasing order of severity are:
4.1.1 1.
Notification of Unusual Events 1
2.
Alert 3.
Site Area Emergency 4.
General Emergency 4.2 Emergency Class Categorization The categorization of events and combinations of events accord-ing to one of the four Emergency Classes is implemented through 4-1 1
I Emergency Action Levels (EAL's). These are specific sets of reactor conditions, instrument readings, and events which, unless promptly corrected, coincide with the conditions associated with one of the four (4) emergency classes. The EAL's have been selected with the I
view toward insuring that a reasonable time is available to diagnose the specific cause of the emergency and attempt immediate corrective I
actions. Once an emergency is declared, assessments of projected re-leases and resultant exposures are perfomed. The results, along with other reactor status assessment, are the bases for whether or not pro-tective actions for the public will be implemented.
4.3 Types of Emergency Classes In the following subsections each of the four Emergency Classes is discussed.
4.3.1 Notification of Unusual Events Events are in process or have occurred which indicate a potential degradation of the level of safety of the reactor.
4.3.1.1 Emergency Action levels for Notification of Unusual Events 1.
Failure of an experiment with minor releases of radio-activity as determined by observing the following levels on the radiation monitoring system.*
500 MPC a.
Stackgas b.
Stack particulate 500 MPC c.
Aux. GM - 500 MPC d.
Filter GM 500 MPC 2.
Radionuclide effluents at the site boundary exceeding l
10 HPC averaged over 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> or 15 mrem whole body accumulated in 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.
3.
Fire in the facility lasting more than 10 minutes.
4.
A leak in the Primary System resulting in a loss of reactor pool level at a rate which may be replaced by nomal pool fill.
5.
Security threat or attempted entry, or attempted sabotage.
I 4-2 l I
I I
6.
Natural phenccena being experienced or projected beyond usual levels:
a.
any earthquake l
b.
a tornado or hurricane on the NCSU campus Note : Due to the 1ocation of the Burlington Building, no danger of flooding fran natural sources exists.
7.
Other imminent or existing hazards such as:
a.
high energy missiles impacting on the facility.
b.
an explosion in the facility or immediately adjacent to it that affects the reactor I
operation, l
c.
uncontrolled releases of toxic or flammable gases in the facility.
d.
Aircraft crash on-site.
4.3.2 Al ert Events are in process or have occurred which involve an actual or potential substantial degradation of the level of safety of the reactor.
4.3.2.1 Emergency Action levels for an Alert 1.
Transient that requires the use of shutdown systems, but the reactor fails to Scram 2.
An on-going conpromise of security.
3.
Severe natural events that are imminent or existing such as:
a.
earthquakes that are damaging reactor safety equipment or the Reactor Building b.
tornado or hurricane winds that appear to be damaging the Reactor Building structure.
4.
Other imminent or existing hazards that occur when the reactor is not shutdown. Examples include:
a.
aircraft crashes into the Reactor Building I
I 4-3 I
b.
severe damage to safe shutdown equipment from missiles or explosions, and c.
the entrance of uncontrolled toxic or flammable I
gases into the Reactor Building where lack of access would constitute a safety problem.
5.
Severe fuel damage or failure of an experiment resulting in significant releases of radioactivity as detennined by observ-ing the following levels on the radiation monitoring system.*
2500 MPC a.
Stackgas 2500 MPC b.
Stack particulate c.
Aux GM - 2500 MPC d.
Filter GM 2500 MPC 6.
Radionuclide effluents at the site boundary exceeding 50 MPC averaged over 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> or 75 mrem whole body accumulated in I
24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.
7.
Padiation levels at site boundary of 20 mrem /hr for 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br /> whole body or 100 mrem /hr thyroid dose.
8.
Area radiation monitor readings sufficient to cause evacuation of the reactor building.
a.
Control Roan 25 mR/hr b.
Pool 100 mR/hr c.
kbst Wall 100 mR/hr 9.
Fire in the Control Room, on the reactor bridge, or in the l
immediate vicinity of any nuclear instrumentation or control equipment which could affect reactor safety.
I 4.3.3 Site Area Emergency Events are in process or have occurred which involve actual or likely ma,ior failures of reactor functions needed for protection of the public.
4.3.3.1 Emergency Action Levels for a Site Area Emergency No credible accidents attributable to the reactor or its opera-tion are postulated which can cause emergency conditions beyond the site boundary. The Emergency Director however, retains the right to declare this class if he deems conditions require such.
4-4 I
l
t
^
l
' I 4.3.4 General Emergency Events are in process or have occurred which involve actual or imminent substantial core degradation or damage with potential for loss of confinement integrity.
i 4.3.4.1 Emergency Action Levels for a General Emergency i
No credible accidents attributable to the reactor or its operation are postulated which can cause emergency conditions I
beyond the site boundary. The Emergency Director however, retains l
the right to declare this class if he deems conditions require such.
l
- For the purposes of off-site release calculations, l
the upper floor of the Library Building is more limit-ing than the actual site boundary. The dillution factor from the stack to this point is 50. Once the ventillation system is in confinement, the dillution factor is 800 and adjustments should be made accordingly.
I I
I 4-5
5.0 EMERGENCY ACTION LEVELS The Action Levels specified in Table 5-1 and described in subsections of Section 4 are considered Emergency Action Levels.
(EAL's) for activating the emergency organization and the initiation of Protective Actions appropriate for the emergency event. These Action Levels are specified for effluent monitors and other. on-site parameters for which dose rates and radiological effluent releases at the operations boundary can be projected.
In situations where the EAL's are not applicable, the Emergency Director retains the right to declare an Emergency in any circumstance where, in his judgement, the status of the reactor warrants it.
I I
I I
I 5-1
l I I
NOTIFICATION OF ALERT l
UNUSUAL EVENTS SCRAM 1.
Reactor fails to scram I
l l SECURITY 1.
Security threat 1.
On-going compromise of THREAT security 2.
Attempted entry 3.
Attempted sabotage I
l POOL l I~
LEVEL 1.
Drop of 1" in a 2 hr period 1.
Drop of 5" in 15 min period l
I FIRE E
1.
tasting note than 10 mimtes 1.
In control room, on reactor i 5 bridge or in vicinity of nuclear instnanentation I
NATURAL l E PHENOMENA N
1.
Any earthquake 1.
Earthquake damaging reactor 2.
Tornado or hurricane on safety system or reactor building l
2.
Tornado or hurricane damaging reactor building I
I Table 5-1 (1 of 2)
NOTIFICATION OF ALERT UNUSUAL EVENTS OFFSITE READINGS 1.
Stackgas - 500 MFC 1.
Stackgas - 2500 MPC AND 2.
Stack Particulate - 500 MPC 2.
Stack Particulate-- 2500 MPC-EFFLUENT 3.
Aux GM - 500 MPC 3.
Aux GM - 2500 MPC MONITORS 4.
Filter - 500 MPC 4.
Filter - 2500'MPC l
5.
Effluents at most conserva-5.
Effluents at most conserva-tive off-site location 10 MPC tive off-site location 50 averaged over 24 hrs MPC averaged over 24 hrs 6.
15 mrem whole body accumulat-6.
75 mrem whole body accumulat-ed over 24 hrs ed over 24 hrs 7.
Radiation levels of 20 mrem /
hr for 1 hour1.157407e-5 days <br />2.777778e-4 hours <br />1.653439e-6 weeks <br />3.805e-7 months <br /> whole body at most conservative off-site location 8.
Radiation level of 100 mrem /
hr thyroid dose at nost con-servative off-site location AREA 1.
Control Rom - 25 mR/Hr RADIATION 2.
Pool
-100 mR/Hr MONITORS 3.
West Wall
-100 mR/Hr' I
I OTHER 1.
High energy missile impact 1.
Aircraft crashes into reactor n ac W ty 2.
Severe damage to safe-shut-2.
Explosion in facility (or down equipment from missiles i
adjacent) that affects re-or explosion I
actor operation 3.
Mc or namaMe gases re-
=
3.
Uncontrolled release of toxib or flamable gas in stricting access to reactor l
f cility building where such con-stitutes a safety problem l
4.
Aircraft crash into facility l
Table 5-1 (2 of 2)
I 6.0 EMERGENCY PLANNING ZONES The Operations Boundary is established as the Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ). The size of the area within the Operations Boundary is large enough to provide a response base that would support activity outside this area should this ever be needed.
I The predetermined Protective Actions for the EPZ are described in Section 7.
i Section 13.3 of the NCSU PULSTAR FSAR states "A review of those accidents which could possibly occur... indicates the MCA
[ Maximum Credible Accident]... consists of an assumed complete loss of pool water due to a ruptured inlet or outlet pipe...
The hazard is related only to the vertical radiation beam eminat-ing from the shutdown core from which vertical shielding has been removed.
Corrective measures can be taken to plug the leak and refill the pool without danger from the vertical radiation beam."
And from Section 13.2.1.4 of the FSAR, " Assuming this complete draining of the tank [ pool] did occur, the radiation at the top of the tank...was estimated to be less than 100nR/ hour..."
Con-sidering the MCA, the total inventory of the core and the fact that the core is air coolable, at no time would the Protective Action Guides of I rem wholebody or 5 rem to the thyroid be exceeded.
Therefore, no danger to any surrounding populations exists in the event of the MCA.
I 6-1
7.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE Subsequent to the establishment that an emergency condition exists, the Emergency Organization will be activated.
This organization must assess the nature and magnitude of the situation, take corrective actions to bring the emergency to an end, and take all those pro-tective actions necessary to assure the health and well being of l
personnel, both on and off-site. Concurrent with the activ'ation of l
the on-site organization, notification of off-site agencies must proceed to insure their support and the safety of all concerned. Off-site organizations which will provide support have signified such with Letters of Agreement (Appendix A).
i Activation of the Emergency Organization 7.1 Listed in the following subsections are the means of initiating the Emergency Organization commensurate to the level of emergency I
declared.
7.1.1 Activation of Emergency Organization for a Notification of Unusual I
Events The Designated NRP Staff member, when informed that an Emergency Action Level has possibly been exceeded, verifies the indication and j
classifies the emergency in one of the four categories. For an emer-l gency categorized as a Notification of Unusual Events, the Designated NRP Staff member will take all those immediate actions necessary to correct and/or mitigate the situation. He will direct the activation of those portions of the Emergency Organization as shown in Figure 7-1.
l As soon as practicable after the initiation of a Notification of Un-usual Events, the necessary organizations and agencies will be notifi-ed. He will ensure that the Warning Point is notified within 30 minutes of the initiation of the Notification of Unusual Events.
7.1.2 Activation of Emergency Organization for an Alert I
The designated NRP Staff member, when informed that an Emergency Action Level has possibly been exceeded, verifies the indication and 7-1 I
classifies the emergency in one of the four categories. For an emer-I gency categorized as an Alert, the designated NRP Staff member will take all those immediate actions necessary to correct and/or mitigate I
the situation. He will direct the activation of the Emergency Organiza-tion as s'.own in Figure 3-2.
As soon as practicable after the initfa-tion of an Alert, the necessary organizations and agencies will be notified. He will ensure that the Warning Point is notifie'd within 30 minutes of the initiation of the Alert.
7.1.3 Activation of Emergency Organization for a Site Emergency The designated NRP Staff member, when informed that an Emergency Action Level has possibly been exceeded, verifies the indication and l
classifies the emergency in one of the four categories. For an emer-gency categorized as a Site Emergency, the designated NRP Staff member will take all those immediate actions necessary to correct and/or miti-gate the situation. He will direct the activation of the Emergency Organization as shown in Figure 3-2.
Immediately after the initiation of a Site Emergency, the necessary organizations and agencies will be notified. He will ensure that the Warning Point is notified l
within 15 minutes of the initiation of a Site Emergency.
7.1.4.1 Activation of Emergency Organization for a General Emergency The designated NRP Staff member, when informed that an Emergency Action Level has possibly been exceeded, veriff es the indication and classifies the emergency in one of the four categories. For an emer-gency categorized as a General Emergency, the designated NRP Staff member will take all those immediate actions necessary to correct and/
l or mitigate the situation. He will direct the activation of the Emer-l gency Organization as shown in Figure 3-2.
Immediately after the initia-tion of a General Emergency, the necessary organizations and agencies will be notified. He will ensure that the Warning Point is I
notified within 15 minutes of the initiation of a General Emergency.
I 7-2 l
I 7.2 AssessmE.t Actions The Emergency Director shall make assessments necessary to deter-mine the extent of the emergency and the possibility of escalation to a more serious class. The Health Physicist shall have the responsibility for assessing the amount of radioactivity released or threatened to be l
released and reporting the assessment to the Emergency Director. The means by which instrument readings may be correlated with quantities of released radionuclides are contained in Appendix B.
7.2.1 Release Rate Determinatic'1 with Normal Instruments Inoperable In the event that facility assessment instrumentation is either inoperable or off-scale, grab samples of air and filters through which air has passed would be analyzed by multi-channel analyzers and gas-flow proportional counters.
These samples will yield the concentrations of activity in air at I
a specific point.
Knowing the Dilution Factor at that point and the Stack Flow Rate, one can calculate the release in C1/sec.
Similar sampling and measurement would be used for liquid assessment.
7.2.2 On-Site Dose Rates j
g E
On-site radiation dose rates will be determined by portable survey instruments. On-site contamination surveys will be made by swipes or portable survey instruments.
7.2.3 On-Site Personnel Doses l
Permanent employees are issued a film badge and a personal, self-reading dosimeter. There are extra badges and dosimeters, as well as l
a dosimeter charger, in each Emergency Locker. Additional badges and dosimeters are available from the Campus Radiological Protection Office.
7.3 Notification The Emergency Director will utilize the notification message for-l mat provided by the implementing procedures, filling in the required information and directing its communication by the Emergency Coordinat-or to the organizations and personnel also listed in those procedures (Note:
For reasons of security, the format for reporting and the call I
7-3
I list are provided separate from this plan).
Both are kept by tele-I phone locations in the Nuclear Reactor Program office area. Notifi-cation should be made to these organizations and persons in the order of their listing, except that the failure to reach any one of them should not prevent or delay the transmittal of the information to those lower on the list. A request for emergency assistance (fire, ambulance, etc.) early in the emergency is not a substitute' for the more complete notification of the formated notification message.
Follow-up emergency notification in this format will be authorized by the Emergency Director whenever changing emergency conditions require it.
In the case of the initial notification, a call-back repeat of the message will be accomplished to verify the message's contents.
In the absence of the principal, alternate, or interim Emergency Co-ordinator, any of the Designated NRP Personnel may begin initial notification when authorized by the Emergency Director.
The Public Information Manager is identified as the official University spokesperson for the emergency.
It is of the utmost impor-tance that this single spokesperson concept be carried out infact to avoid even minimal contradictions of detailed analysis. This person must closely coordinate news releases with the Emergency Director, the University administration, and governmental public relations of-I ficials to insure this accuracy. The spokesperson is responsible for arranging interviews, for statements quoted in press releases, for other announcements, and for presiding at formal press conferences (though others may answer most of the questions).
Other Employees, other than the Emergency Director, are to make no statements without first checking its accuracy with the spokesperson.
7.4 Corrective Actions In the event of a facility emergency, NRP personnel shall attempt l
to control it with the means available until emergency aid arrives, provided this can be accomplished without serious risk to personnel in-I I
7-4 I
v I
I volved. The Emergency Director will coordinate the activities to minimize the uncontrolled releases of radioactive materials. The PULSTAR Operations Manual contains emergency procedures for Reactor Operator response, which include scrams, evacuations, and initiation confinement.
7.4.1 Notification of Unusual Events In cases justifying the declaration of a Notification of Un-usual Events, corrective actions may include the shutdown of the re-actor and assistance from fire, medical, or security personnel.
7.4.2 Alert In cases justifying the declaration of an Alert, corrective l
actions may include, reactor shutdown or scram, initiation of con-finement or evacuation, and the assistance of fire, medical, or security personnel.
7.4.3 Site Emergency and General Emergency l
The corrective actions for a Site Emergency and General Emergency are generally the same in nature as those for an Alert. The immediacy of these actioni and the nature of followup actions will vary in accor-dance with the specific nature of the event.
I 7.5 Protective Actions 7.5.1 Evacuation The reactor facility may be evacuated of all personnel by the cyclic sounding of klaxon horns.
Klaxon horns are arranged in two (2) groups. The first group is located within the Reactor Building and the second group is located throughout the BEL complex.
The second group is connected to the alarm system by a BEL /Rx Bldg.
switch on the Radiation Alarm Panel which is under the supervision and con-trol of the licensed Reactor Operator.
This switch is turned to Rx Bldg. during periods when a licensed Operator is in the BEL complex l
(normally during working hours) and is turned to BEL after working I
hours, on weekends, and on holidays when a licensed Operator is not on i
duty. These horns may be activated by:
l 7-5 lI
l I
I a.
Any one the of six designated radiation detection channels.
b.
Manually by the PULSTAR Operator.
c.
By the switch in the basement hall near the doors to the Reactor Bay.
Upon hearing the warning for an evacuation, all personnel not in the Reactor Bay will evacuate the facility via the nearest exit and assemble outside the North-central doors of the BEL.
Personnel in the Reactor Bay will evacuate to the change room and contact control.
7.5.2 Aid to Affected Personnel During an emergency condition, NRP personnel may be required to enter contaminated or dangerous areas to rescue injured or trapped l
personnel. The Emergency Director with the advice of the Health l
Physicist or Emergency Coordinator will assess the potential radiation hazards and authorize rescue operations accordingly.
l 7.5.3 Use of Emergency Supplies Emergency lockers containing protective clothing and emergency equipment are located in the foyer of the BEL and in the Change Room (See Section 8).
7.5.4 Contamination Control l
Measures will be taken to reduce the contamination of floors or other surfaces, and access will be controlled to areas that do become l
contaminated. The spread of contamination from this source will be minimized.
The protective action values for the following are:
Decontamination of personnel When contaminated Decontamination of personnel i
i wounds When contaminated Decontamination of supplies When supplies are needed I
during the emergency or when value dictates. Other-wise discard / dispose to I
buri al.
Decontamination of instruments When contaminated Decontamination of equipment When contaminated 7-6 I
I I
7.5.5 Decontamination and First Aid Emergency Medical Technicians are available on call through the North Carolina State University.
The Health Physicist and his staff will be responsible for the decontamination of all individuals involved in an emergency other than those transported for medical treatment.
7.5.6 Medical Transportation Injured personnel shall be transported by the Wake County Emergency Services ambulance services.
Each ambulance is staffed by Emergency Medical Technicians and is capable of transporting contaminated victims.
A member of the emergency staff trained in radiological safety will l
accompany any contaminated person to the hospital.
7.5.7 Medical Treatment Rex Hospital shall provide facilities to accept and treat con-taminated injured victims. The hospital has emergency procedures for this situation.
7.5.8 Exposure Levels l
The total absorbed doses whole-body (rem) to be permitted at this facility during an emergency are:
1.
Rescue of personnel (lifesaving) 75 rem 2.
Taking corrective actions 25 rem 3.
Performing assessment actions 3 rem I
4.
Providing first-aid 0.5 rem 5.
Providing ambulance service 0.1 rem 6.
Providing medical treatment 0.1 rem 7.6 Emergency Health Physics I
Radiation protection records are maintained by the Campus Radio-logical Protection Office. A complete listing of Health Physics Equipment is provided in Section 8.
7.7 Penetration Planning I
Penetration of the BEL Complex after an evacuation will proceed for the following purposes and in this sequence:
7-7 I
I
I I
1.
Building Search for Personnel 2.
Personnel Rescue (May be concurrent with Search) 3.
Radiation Survey 4.
Reentry of the Reactor Building 5.
Recovery Operations 7.7.1 Teams Each of these penetrations shall be made by a " team" of not less than two (2) members of the NRP staff, equipped with one radio, one survey instrument, personnel dosimetry, and protective clothing (according to the situation).
7.7.2 Objectives The objectives of each team shall be:
1.
Building Search:
To verify the complete evacuation of the BEL within 30 minutes after initiation of an emergency event and to report the location of injured personnel.
(Note:
Search and rescue operations have a minimum-time urgency simply be-I cause of the need to be sure all personnel have evacuated the BEL).
2.
Personnel Rescue: Used only to remove injured personnel.
3.
Radiation Survey: To make a radiation survey of specified areas and entry ways into the reactor building.
(Note:
All personnel team actions shall be completed prior to initiat-l ing each subsequent team action. Time urgency relating to sub-sequent team action is only for the purpose of minimizing the dose received by personnel.
4.
Reentry: To penetrate the reactor building to obtain additional situation information to mitigate the cause of the incident.
I 5.
Recovery Operations: The planning of activities or sequences of events necessary to return the reactor to its normal operat-t ing condition and the execution of this plan.
7.7.3 Radiation Exposure I
Personnel involved in any operation under this plan should endeavor to keep their radiation exposure to a minimum.
The maximum dose per-l mitted shall satisfy the requirements of 10CFR20.
I 7-8 1
I I
7.7.3.1 Guidelines Guideline dose limits are as follows:
1.
Personnel search team outside Reactor Building 10 mr/ person.
2.
Personnel search team within the Reactor Building 100 mr/ person.
3.
To investigate cause of evacuation 250 mr/ person.
4 To temporarily correct cause 500 mr/ person (more only with the approval of the Emergency Director).
7.7.3.2 Emergency Dose The Emergency Dose for Radiation Workers of 25 rem once in a life-time shall not be used unless there has been full consultation among the Health Physicist, the Emergency Director, the Emergency Coordina-tor, and the affected personnel, and an agreement reached that the cir-cumstances of the situation merit this emergency exposure.
I 7.7.4 The Reactor Building Penetration The Reactor Building Penetration point shall be determined by the I
Emergency Director on the basis of available information. The early emergency penetration of the control room, if only for radiation aad reactor system information, may be desirable. Relocation to the con-trol room of emergency control may be affected as soon as definitive l
information that the exposure dose rate in the control room will permit
(
(not more than 25 mrem /hr).
7.7.5 Return of Personnel Occupants of BEL who have been evacuated may be permitted to return to the normal work areas only after the emergency situation has stabilized and the determination made that a nuclear hazard no longer exi sts, Return of Recovery Personnel into the Reactor Building should be i
dependent upon radiation levels that are stable or decreasing and the I
observation that radioactive releases have ceased or are under control.
l I
7-9
a I EV ERG E\\ CY ORGAN ZA-~ O\\
I 209 A N g
U \\ USL A EV E \\
~~
NC5U Charclellor I
Dean of I
Ersineering I
NE Public Dept Head l
Safety I
l l
I I
Emergency l
Emergency Off-Campus News Center Support Director Agencies Coordinator I
I I
Emergency Health Emergency ns Cocedinator Physicist I
I l
Line Damage Radiological
____ _ Advisory /Liasonl Control 1
Emergency Teams Team Figure 7 - 1 o
I I
8.0 EMERGENCY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT To facilitate the control of the numerous actions required in I
an emergency situation, several facilities have been designated as operating centers for the PULSTAR Emergency Organization. These fa-cilities are supplied with the equipment necessary to perform their intended functions.
In addition, specialized equipment has been in-l stalled or been pre-positioned throughout the facility to aid the Organization in emergency analysis and control.
l 8.1 Emergency Facilities The locations presented in the following paragraphs are those from which the Emergency Organization will operate while correcting the emergency situation and accomplishing the subsequent recovery.
8.1.1 PULSTAR Control Room The PULSTAR Control Room is the central facility from which re-actor control is exercised.
It contains instrumentation and controls g
necessary for operation of the research reactor.
It is equipped to give warning of a potential emergency condition and to provide con-I tinuing evaluation of such a situation. Equipment is available for both internal and off-site communications.
It is supplied with emer-gency power in cases where off-site electricity is lost.
8.1.2 Emergency Support Center The Emergency Support Center is composed of those offices normal-ly occupied by the Nuclear Reactor Program staff.
It has voice com-munication capabilities to link it with the Control Room.
The Center is directly adjacent to, but outside of, the PULSTAR reactor confinement.
The Emergency Support Center will be activated whenever the PULSTAR Emergency Plan is implemented.
If, by reason of emergency evacuation, the Emergency Support Center cannot be occupied, its location will be transferred to the foyer of the BEL complex.
Likewise, if the foyer should become uninhabitable, the Emergency Support Center will be trans-ferred to an adjacent University building.
8-1 I
I
I 8.2 Emergency Equipment and Systems A variety of instrumentation, systems, and equipments are I
necessary to allow the Emergency Organization to respond to potentially serious situations.
3.2.1 F'.*st-Aid and Decontamination First aid kits are located in the emergency lockers in the foyer and change room. The change room also contains showers and supplies required for personnel decontamination. Stretchers are l
located ir the Reactor Bay and the foyer.
8.2.2 Communications Systems To insure proper notification of all personnel in an emergency situation, several means of primary and backup communications are l
provided.
8.2.2.1 Intercom System The Intercom System provides the primary basis for communications between the Control Room and remote stations in the Burlington Engineer-ing Laboratories. The Master Station located on the reactor console may select any one or all of the following stations:
1.
Director, NRP 2.
Reactor Operations Manager 3.
Reactor Health Physicist I
4.
Operations 5.
Neutron Activation Analysis Laboratory 6.
Reactor Bridge 7.
Reactor Bay (NW Door) 8.
Mechanical Equipment Room 9.
Change Room
- 10. Radiochemistry Laboratory (B105, BEL)
The Master Station and the first eight remote stations are modified to provide two (2) features:
first, the Master Station cannot monitor a remote station without that station's knowledge; and second, it allows those stations " hands-off" operation when needed.
8-2 i
I
~
I I
8.2.2.2 Public Addr-ess System The Public Address System is an auxiliary means of communication to the bay.
It is used in evacuating the confinement area of Buri-ington Engineering Laboratories if the normal evacuation system should fail, for general annunciations, and for locating persons in an emergency.
The microphone is located on the control console. The ex-l terior public address system in an emergency is provided by security car loudspeaker systems and Police and NRP bullhorns.
l 8.2.2.3 Telephone System NCSU utilizes the CENTREX telephone system which allows communica-tion between stations on campus.
It is interfaced with the commercial lines to allow both local and long distance dialing.
Special features of the system include the conference call and call-transfer capabilities.
8.2.2.4 Radio System Radio transceivers are utilized for emergency communications and for contact between casualty control teams within the Burlington Facility.
UHF transceivers are available in the Control Room. These are handheld I
devices capable of maintaining communications. anywhere in the facility.
For emergency communications between Burlington and other on-campus sites, citizens bund (CB) radios are available in the foyer Emergency l
Locker.
Additionally, the University security force can provide emer-gency radio communications.
8.2.3 Radiological Assessment Eauipment The radiological assessment equipment described in this section 1
provides the Emergency Organization the information necessary to make 1
accurate estimates of the radiological consequences of an accident.
The equipment is stecked in convenient locations for quick response.
It serves, in part, to supply the information for the initiation of protective actions. This equipment is calibrated in accordance 1
with the manufacturers recommendations.
8.2.3.1 Emergency Equipment Lockers Emergency lockers containing accident assessment and personnel i
protective equipment are located in the foyer of the Burlington I
8-3 I
I Engineering Laboratories and in the Change Room in the basement.
In addition, the Radiation Protection Officer maintains a locker of equip-ment for his use in the Radiation Protection Office. The contents of these lockers are given in Tables 8-1 through 8-3.
All portable Health Physics instruments and dosimeters in these emergency kits are inspected, repaired, and calibrated quarterly by the Health Physics' or Radiation Prctection Office staff.
8.2.3.2 Survey and Sampling Equipment Table 8-4 lists all the types of radiological monitoring equip-ment available at the PULSTAR facility and the uses of each.
8.2.3.3 Radiation Monitoring System Table 8-5 lists the locations, setpoints, and associated alarms l
for the detectors that make up the radiation monitoring system. This installed equipment is used for monitoring area, air, waste water, and personnel. With the exception of the personnel monitors, these channels have readout modules in the Control Room.
Additionally, the air and area monitors are connected to a multi-point recorder. This recorder I
operates continuously to maintain a historical record of radiation levels.
8.2.3.4 Meteorological Monitoring In the unlikely event of a radioactive release to the environ-I ment, the meteorological information necessary for estimating off-site exposures is provided by the National Weather Service at the Raleigh-Durham Airport.
8.2.3.5 Campus Monitoring System The Campus Monitoring System is used to monitor the many non-nuclear systems that keep the campus operating. The monitoring system is comprised of numerous and various types of sensors through-i out the buildings on campus.
These sensors are monitored by the Honeywell-Seiectographic Data Center located in the Morris Building.
When a malfunction occurs and an alarm is triggered, the Data Center automatically prints out the sensor code along with the date and 8-4
I I
time. Since the Data Center is under a twenty-four (24) hour surveillance, no time is lost in responding to an alarm. The Campus Monitoring System has installed several sensors in the main building of Burlington Engineering Laboratories. These sensors are used for the following:
1.
Failure of main electrical service.
2.
Operation of main building Chiller Pump and Chill Water Temperature.
3.
Operation of main building Hot Water Pump for Reheat Coils.
4.
Operation of main building Return Air Fans.
5.
Operation of main building Supply Air Fans.
6.
Failure of main building Air Fans.
7.
Fire in building.
8.2.3.6 Fire Alarm System The Fire Alarm System for the Burlington Engineering Laboratories is composed of various thermal detectors and manual switches. Detection by these sensors or actuation of the manual switches activates relays in the Master Control Panel that sounds the buildings audible alarms and transmits this data to the Campus' Monitoring System. On receipt of I
an alarm in the Reactor Building, a firebell is activated and a light enunciation is made on the Fire Alarm Enunciator located on the North Wall of the Control Room.
8.2.3.7 Security Alarm System The specifics of the Security Alarm System are of a classified nature and are presented in the NCSU PULSTAR Physical Security Plan.
8.2.3.8 Analytical Laboratories The North Carolina State University Nuclear Reactor Program has established a Nuclear Measurements and Analysis Division to provide Nuclear services (neutron activation analysis, neutron radiography, etc.) to State, Federal and commercial users. Together with the normal Health Physics laboratories, it offers the broadest range of analytic methods for the classification and measurement of any radio-nuclides in the case of an accident.
I 8-5
I
' I 8.2.3.9 Primary Instrumentation Information on reactor temperature, water level, flow, power level, and other primary indications is presented on the reactor panel in the Reactor Control Room.
8.2.3.10 Auxiliary Electrical System Auxiliary power is supplied by a natural gas internal combus-tion generator located outside the confinement areas in Room 1103 (Figure 2-2). This power source is furnished only to provide a more I
convenient and orderly shutdown of activities in case of loss of the commercial power.
The auxiliary generator is started manually from the process control section of the reactor console through the use of a battery pack at the generator.
In the event of the loss of normal power, the reactor operator can manually place the three prime circuits on auxiliary power. The switches which control the transfer of these circuits to auxiliary power are located in the Control Room.
These circuits are Confinement Fan #1, Confinement Fan #2, and Control Room Distribution Panel.
i I
I I
e-e
E V E RG E NCY EQU 3 V E \\
=OYE9 I
white coveralls Heavy duty gloves Waterproof Anti-C, full set, Rolls radcon tape medium, large Disposable Anti-C, full set Filter paper (smears)
Spare yellow cloth Anti C Boundary ribbon (RADCON) hoods.
Heavy duty Anti-C boots.
Radiation area signs Rubber Anti-C gloves.
Caution signs flashlight and batteries Gallon RADIAC wash self rising dosimeters.
Personnel decon kit a.
disposal gloves dosimeter charger b.
paper towels film badges c.
solution "A" bottles 1,2 clip board w/ emergency plan d.
o ution "B" bottles key - change room emergency 1&2 locker; basement; Co-60 safety e.
hand scrub brush switch; R-3 fan room; room 3131 roof fan.
Box disposable gloves boxes chemical cartridges paper towels (pack) round ultra filter cartridge, disposable overalls type H boxes respirator filters disposable caps full face respirators disposable boots half face respirator plastic drop cloths (9 x 12) axe Bucket portable radiacs Fab detergent I
walkie-talkie sponges Scott air-pak scrub brush Air splint kit Bab-0 cleanser Bull horn w/ batteries Hand brush Red flags (emer.)
100 ft. 1/8" cord Emergency flares plastic bags Disposable Anti-C Boots Rubber Anti-C gloves Heavy duty boots Table 8 - 1 J
E V E RG E N CY EQU 3V E \\--
I C-A\\GE ROOV I
~
l Decon Kit Soap Brush I
Pkg. Towels Lanalin gloves l
Cutie Pie Ion Chamber mR/hr End Window G. M. mR/hr & CPM Civil Defense Ion Chamber r/hr Geiger 5 (GM) mR/hr First Aid kit I
Full-face Mask w/ canister Filter cartridge (R520)
Kimwipes Dosimetry Film Packs l
Rad Tape Direct Readout Dosimeters Dosimeter Charger Magenta Rope / Tap 1" Masking Tape I
8" Crucible Whatman #2 Filter Paper Filter Cartridges #84305 Rad Signs and Tags Emergency Log Book Scissors l
Bullhorn Emergency Locker Key Clip Board Coveralls Plastic Waste Bags I
24" Crucible Sets of Anti "C"
I Table 8 - 2
I EV ERGE\\CY EQU DV E\\
~~
I R A J. A- 0 \\
3 RO-EC-O \\ O r = C E I
I Hi-Range Survey Meter Smears HiVol Air Sampler & Filters LoVol Air Samper & Filters I
One Liter Bottle Soil Sample Box Radiation Area Sign Radioactive Materials Sign l
Rope Lined Writing Pad Extension Cord Flashlight Batteries (D Cell)
Tape Gloves (outer / inner)
Shoe Covers Head Cover Anti C's I
Copy of Emergency Plan Film Badges Tool Box Stretcher Scott Air Pack I
I I
I Table 8 - 3 l
RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING EQUIPMENT I
MAKE MODEL APPLIC ATION Eberline RM-14, Monitor Personnel Monitoring (GM)
Eberline PAC-4G Alpha Counter Survey Portable (Gas Flow)
I Picker G. M.
Survey, Portable (GM)
RAY-D-TEC Rad Gun Survey, Portable (Ion Chamber)
Victoreen Thyac 490 Survey, Portable (GM)
Victoreen Thyac 491 Survey, Portable (GM)
Ludlum Geiger 5 Survey, Portable (GM)
Victoreen Cutie Pie, 740 Survey, Portable (Ion Chamber)
Victoreen Radector III, 2035 Survey, Portable (Ion Chamber)
Victoreen Radector III, 2036 Survey, Portable (telescoping Ion Chamber)
Jordan Rad Gun Survey Portable (Ion Chambe -)
Victoreen 488B Survey Portable (B10) l neutron spectrum I
Eberline PMC-4B Personnel Monitoring Walk thru Frame (ll, GM's)
Eberline PNR-4 Survey, Portable I
neutron Dose (BF I 3
l Eberlina Teletector, 1112 Survey, Portable (GM's)
Eberline Pic-6 Survey, Portable (Ion)
Victoreen 497 Survey, Portable (Ion)
I i I l
' I lI Table 8 - 4
M M
M M
M M
M M
M M
m RADIATION MONITORING SYSTEM Detector Setooint Detector Type Comments Monitor Location Alert A1 arm On Walls Between Windows 2.5 mR/hr 25 mR/hr Dual Coaxial Alert causes " Radiation Alert" Control Room n Reactor Control Console l
Pool Over Pool 10 mR/hr 100 mR/hr Ion Alarm causes Evacuation l
West Reactor West Wall Bay Wall 10 mR/hr 100 mR/hr Alert causes " Radiation Alert" Annuncia-M.E.R. Mounted Primary Demin.
on Demineralizer 50 mR/hr 100 mR/hr Chambers tion. Also has Local Readout and Alarm VAMP Over Pool 2.5 mR/hr NA G. M. Tube Local Audible and Visual Alarm Stack Gas ak As Noted G. M. Tube Alert causes " Radiation Alert" Annuncia-Unit On Readout tion on Reactor Control Console Particulate Beta Scintillator Modules Alarm causes Evacuation Aux. G. M.
Exhaust Duct G. M. Tubes Alert causes " Radiation Alert" Annunci-Exhaust Filter Filter G. M.
Bank tion.
l u
cale Beta Scin W ator Local AuWe and Usual Mam CAM Ba a
Waste Tank Dry Well in As Noted on No. 1,2,3 Each Tank Readout Modules Gamma Scintillator No console Annunciation Outside Control Hand and Foot Room Door lione G. M. Tubes Local Meter and Audible Count Rate Basement Lab Portal Corridor Pre-Set G. M. Tubes Local Audible and Visual Alarm Table 8 - 5 u ---
I 9.0 RECOVERY 9.1 General After the Emergency Director has declared that the emergency condition has passed, steps will be taken to recover from the incident. All recovery action will be preplanned in order to minimize the radiation exposure and other hazards to recovery per-sonnel. The overall goals of the recovery effort are to assess the consequences of the emergency and perform clean-up and repair opera-tions. This effort includes the marshalling of University resources and interfacing with outside agencies.
9.2 Recovery Organization Activation of the Recovery Organization will be initiated by the Nuclear Engineering Department Head after consultations with the Emergency Director. The Recovery Organization will then be establish-ed as presented in Figure 9-1 for the recovery of the facility.
The Recovery Organization may begin to draw plans for the recovery of the facility while the emergency is still in progress. However, these efforts will not be permitted to interfer with or detract from the efforts to control the emergency situation. The Recovery Center will I
be those offices formerly designated as the Emergency Support Center.
9.2.1 Recovery Manager The Recovery Organization will be under the direction of the Re-covery Manager. The Emergency Director will assume the duties of the Recovery Manager upon the activation of the Recovery Organization.
The Recovery Manager has the authority to authorize the return of personnel.
9.2.2 Reactor Operations Manager The Reactor Operations Manager is responsible for the implementa-tion of PULSTAR Recovery Activities with the objective of maintaining a safe shutdown condition and controlling sources of radioactivity in the facility. The Emergency Operations Manager will revert to the position of Reactor Operations Manager upon the activation of the Re-covery Organization. The Reactor Operations Manager will report to the Recovery Manager during the recovery phase.
9-1 I
I 9.2.3 Technical Analysis Manager The Technical Analysis Manager is responsible for analysis and development of plan procedures to support the recovery opera-tion and to maintain the PULSTAR in a safe shutdown condition in a manner which minimizes the ef fect on the health and safety of the public. The Reactor Engineer will assume the duties of Technical Analysis Manager upon the activation of the Recovery Organization. The Technical Analysis manager will report to the Recovery Manager and provide technical support as needed.
9.2.4 Radiological Control and Waste Manager The Radiological Control and Waste Manager is responsible for providing radiation protection and waste disposal plans consistent with the recovery operation. The Health Physicist will assume the I
duties of the Radiological Control and Waste Manager upon the acti-vation of the Recovery Organization.
I 9.2.5 Advisory Support The Advisory Support staff function consists of those senior I
technical personnel who will serve on the Recovery Manager's staff.
Typically they will consists of the Nuclear Engineering Department and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission representatives. This group provides day-to-day support to the Recovery Man &ger and his staff and should be in attendance at all meetings of the Recovery Organiza-tion.
9.2.6 Design and Construction Support The Design and Construction Support staff coordinates the de-l sign and construction activities of construction forces and outside vendors.
Personnel will be contracted or chosen from advisory positions to fill these vacancies. The makeup of the staff will be decided upon at the commencement of the recovery phase by the Recovery Manager, taking into account the requirements imposed by the emergency.
9-2
I 9.2.7 Recovery Coordinator The Emergency Coordinator will assume the duties of the I
Recovery Coordinator upon the activation of the Recovery Or-ganization. He will continue those duties of communications and radiological monitoring and assessment as are required for interaction with off-campus agencies. The Recovery Coordinator will inform all other Emergency Response Organizations of reentry recovery plans and of the organizational changes imposed by' acti-vation of the Recovery Organization. This notification will be made at the commencement of the recovery operations and as often as necessary thereafter to those individuals and organization previously notified of the emergency.
9.3 Recovery Procedures Recovery procedures will be drafted by the Recovery Organization and approved by the Recovery Director for each operation prior to I
its initiation. These procedures will include at a minimum the con-sideration of contamination and radiation levels.
I I
I I
I I
9-3 I
i I
\\CSJ R ECOV E RY O RGA N ZA-~ O \\
I tiCSU Chancellor Dean of Engineering I
l f1E Dept Head l
l l
~
(
Off-Campus Recovery Advisory l
Support Manager Support Agencies Design Recovery Radiological Reactor Technical and Coordinator Control and Operations Analysis Construction Waste Manager Manager Man w ar-Line Advisory Liason l
I Figure 9 - 1
10.0 MAINTAINING EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Emergency preparedness at the PULSTAR research reactor will be maintained by:
I Preparing the Emergency Organization members for a.
proper emergency response action through training, drills, and exercises.
b.
Periodic review and update of the PULSTAR Radio-l logical Emergency Plan and its implementing pro-cedures.
c.
Periodic inventory and calibration of emergency equipment and instrumentation.
l 10.1 Organizational Preparedness Organizational preparedness is maintained through an integrated training program that includes general orientation of all Nuclear Engineering Department personnel at the Burlington facility and de-tailed training of individuals and groups required to perform specific I
functions and actions during an emergency condition.
~
10.1.1 Training The training program is designed to familarize appropriate in-dividuals wi, the Emergency Plan and the procedures that implement I
the plan.
It is recognized that other training (i.e. Regulatory Guide 8.29. Reactor Operator Requalification) also provide information related to Emergency Planning and these are not reproduced here.
Specific training subjects for initial training and biennial retraining are discussed below.
Personnel identified as al-ternates or interims for a position will also receive training for that position.
10.1.1.1 Emergency Director The Emergency Director training emphasizes organization and manage-ment; that is, the command and control responsibilities of the Emergency Di rector. The Emergency Director is responsible for managing the efforts l
of others and therefore must be familiar with the key functions to be i
I l
10 - 1 l I
performed by each element of the Emergency Organization. Typical topics include:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
3.
Interpretation of data and how it relates to emergencies and their classifications.
I 4.
Emergency Communication procedures.
5.
Capabilities and services to be provided by support organizations and agencies.
6.
Emergency Radiation exposure control.
7.
Record keeping.
10.1.1.2 Emergency Operations Manager The Emergency Operations Manager is responsible for managing the activities of the Reactor Operators and the Damage Control Teams.
His training involves indoctrination in the following:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergene" Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
I 3.
Capabilities and services to be provided by support organizations and agencies.
10.1.1.3 Emergency Coordinator The Emergency Coordinator training includes:
1.
Emergency Organization.
(
2.
Emergency Communication procedures.
3.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
10.1.1.4 Reactor Operators The Reactor Operators' training includes instructions in the l
following areas:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
3.
Record keeping.
4.
Emergency Operating Procedures.
10 - 2 I
I 10.1.1.5 Damage Control / Radiological Emergency Teams Training of the Teams includes:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
3.
Emergency Operating Procedures 4.
The use of radiation detection devices.
5.
Familiarization with damage control equipment.
6.
Record keeping.
7.
Contamination and Decontamination.
10.1.1.6 Reactor Support Manager The Reactor Support Manager training covers the same topics as the Emergency Coordinator.
10.1.1.7 Administration and Logistics Manager The Administration and Logistics Manager training includes all those areas covered by that for the Emergency Director.
10.1.1.8 Health Physicist The Health Physicist training includes:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
3.
Emergency radiation Exposure Criteria.
I 4.
Capabilities and services to be provided by support organizations and agencies.
10.1.1.9 Nuclear Engineering Department Training All Nuclear Engineering Department personnel not subject to specific training requirements for Emergency Organization support will participate in general Emergency Plan training to include:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
10.1.1.10 Radiation Protection Office (RP0)(Envircinental Monitoring Team)
Personnel attached to the RP0 will be trained in:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
l 10 - 3
3.
Interpretation of data and how it relates to gg emergencies and their classification.
4.
Emergency radiation exposure criteria.
10.1.1.11 Campus Security The Campus Security training includes:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Facility familiarization.
3.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
4.
Emergency Communication procedures.
5.
Principles of radiological safety and the effects of I
radiation.
6.
The use of radiation detection devices.
10.1.1.12 Information Services Office Information Services Office training includes:
1.
Emergency Organization.
2.
Emergency Classes and Emergency Action Levels.
3.
Emergency Communications procedures.
4.
Capabilities and services to be provided by support organizations and agencies.
5.
Principles of radiological safety and the effects of radiation.
10.1.1.13 Off-Site Organizations For those organizations providing emergency services, i.e.
Rex Hospital, Wake County Emergency Services, Raleigh Fire Depart-ment, training will be provided for by the Nuclear Reactor Pro-gram personnel.
Training will include as appropriate:
1.
Principles of radiological safety and the l
effects of radiation.
2.
The use of radiation detection devices.
3.
Facility familiarization.
4.
Contamination and Decontamination.
I 10 - 4 l
I 10.1.2 Orills and Exercise Drills and exercises will be conducted periodically to test the adequacy of the Plan and the implementing procedures and the preparation and training of the emergency persone ll.
Each drill and exercise scenario will include the following:
1.
The basic objective or objectives of the exercise.
2.
The date, time period, place, and participating organizations.
3.
The simulated events.
4.
A time schedule of real and simulated initiating events.
5.
A narrative summary describing the conduct of the exercises to include such things as simulated casualties, off-site assistance, rescue of personnel, use of protective clothing, deployment of radiological monitory teams, and public information activities.
6.
Arrangements for qualified observers.
These scenarios will be forwarded to the observers not less than one week prior to the date of the event.
10.1.2.1 Drills Emergency drills are supervised instruction periods for testing, developing, and maintaining skills in a particular operation.
Per-sonnel will participate in annual drills that are supervised and evaluated by a qualified instructor. These drills shall include:
1.
Communication drills:
A system check to I
ter' the readiness of the communications n et..rk between the University and the local, State and Federal governments.
2.
Fire drills: Fire drills will be held in accordance with the Safety Analysis Report.
3.
Medical emergency drills: Medical emergency drills involving a simulated contaminated in-dividual and use of the local support agencies (i.e. ambulance and medical treatment facilities).
I 4.
Radiological monitoring drills covering contamina-tion control methods and procedures, dose rate measurements, non-essential personnel evacuation, and record keeping.
10 -5 I
1 10.1.2.2 Exercises An exercise is an event that tests the integrated capability of major response organizations. An emergency exercise will be conducted annually and will be based on a scenario which is ul-timately declared at least as a site emergency. The scenario will l
be varied from year to year such that all elements of the reactor, county and State plans and emergency organizations are tested with-in a five year period.
Every fifth year, the exercise will be ex-panded to involve the Federal response organizations in addition to the State and local organizations.
Advance knowledge of the I
scenarios and the times of the exercises will be kept to a minimum to insure a realistic participation by those involved.
Each annual exercise scenario will include a list of performance objectives and a description of the expected response. Specific tasks to be evaluat-ed are:
1.
Condition recognition and reporting.
2.
Assessment.
3.
Off-site notification.
4.
Off-site response.
5.
Site response coordination.
6.
Corrective actions.
7.
Protective actions.
8.
Record Keeping 9.
Monitoring
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Exercise controllers, observers, and participants (if appro-priate) will prepare written descriptions of the actions they ob-served and will comment as to how the part of the exercise they observed matched the performance criteria. The Emergency Planning Coordinator or his designee will determine the corrective actions necessary (including Plan / Procedure revision) and the schedules for performing them, and will evaluate the corrective actions taken.
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10.1.3 Emergency Planning Coordinator I
The Reactor Engineer is the North Carolina State University PULSTAR Emergency Planning Coordinator. He is responsible for co-ordinating on-site and off-site radiological emergency response planning. He requests the relevent individuals to prepare and main-l tain the applicable implementing procedures and assures that these procedures are properly implemented. He is also responsible for performing the following planning functions:
1.
Interfacing with Federal, State, county, and local planners.
2.
Revising and updating the plan biennially and in response to new Fedtral regulations, modifications identified during exercises and drills, and changes I
in hardware and personnel.
3.
Coordinating the biennial exercise and periodic drills.
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Identifying off-site training needs of State and local emergency support personnel and arrang-ing for training to meet the identified needs.
5.
Identifying corrective actions needed following an exercise, assigning responsibility for imple-menting these actions, specifying a schedule for I
completion of these actions, and evaluating the adequacy of the actions taken.
6.
Maintaining and negotiating agreements for State I
and county response agencies, Federal assistance agencies, and medical and fire support agencies.
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Maintaining Emergency Plan records.
Training for the Emergency Planning Coordinator will be the same as that for the Emergency Director.
10.2 Review and Update of the Plan and Implementing Procedures The Plan and its implementing procedures are intended to provide for continuous emergency preparedness.
In addition to the training, drills, and exercises, regular reviews and audits are performed.
Plan review and updates are described in the following section.
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I 10.2.1 Plan Revision The Emergency Planning Coordinator is responsible for coordi-nating the updating of the Plan and its implementing procedures.
I He schedules a biennial review of the Plan by the Radiation Protec-tion Council.
Any proposed changes to the Plan due to regulatory revisions, experiences of drills and exercises, or other requirements and reviews by the Director, Nuclear Reactor Program, are approved by the Radiation Protection Council. Approved changes to the Plan and Procedures will be distributed to all organizations and individuals with responsibilities for implementation of the plan within 30 days of the revision. Revised pages will be dated and marked to show where changes have been made.
10.2.2 Off-Site Agreements Emergency response agreements with supporting organizations are revised and updated by the cognizant organization at least every two years and incorporated into the biennial revision.
10.3 Maintenance and Inventory of Emergency Equipment and Supplies To insure that equipment and supplies are maintained in a readiness state, periodic maintenance and inventories are performed as described in the following paragraph.
10.3.1 Emergency Equipment and Supplies A listing of the emergency equipment and supplies to be in-I ventoried are included in the implementing procedures. This list-t ing provides information on location and availability of emergency equipment and supplies.
An inventory of all emergency equipment and supplies is held on a quarterly basis and after use In an emer-gency, drill or exercise. During this inventory, radiation monitoring equipment is to be checked to verify that required calibra-l tion and locations are in accordance with the inventory lists.
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10.3.2 Medical Equipment and Supplies I
At least twice each year and immediately after use in an emergency, drill or exercise the contents of emergency medical equipment and supplies will be inventoried, inspected, replaced, replenished, and/or sterilized as necessary.
10.4 Radiation Protection Council The Radiation Protection Council is a standing committee com-prised of North Carolina State University personnel that provides timely and continued review of all radiation protection needs of l
the North Carolina State University campus. The Radiation Pro-tection Council must review all substantive changes to the NCSU PULSTAR Emergency Plan and implementing Procedures.
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APPENDIX A I
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LETTERS OF AGREEMENT I
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)b 4420 lake Boone Trail /Raleigh, North Carolina 27907 October 20, 1982 Mr. D. W. Morgan, Associate Radiation Protection Officer North Carolina State University Box 5344 Raleigh, North Carolina 27650
Dear Bill:
Rex flospital has your NCSU Pulstar Emergency Plan on file in my office.
Our Hospital has a written External Emergency Plan which is a plan for expansion of the Hospital's facilities and services to receive and care for casualities that cannot be handled through normal routine. There is specific reference in our Plan for handling casualities which involve radiation contamination.
Our Hospital agrees to serve as a participant in the NCSU Pulstar Emer-gency Plan. We are capable and willing to provide support by receiving and treating casualities.
Please contact me if you have any questions.
Sincerely yours,
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James W. Whichard Director of Materials JWW:ss cc: Executive Director Associate Director Director of Human Resources A
unsten. Non-rc{ t. Community Harstal C& bunns to Commmmty Health Siur 1994
l STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES Division of Facility Services P. O. BOX 12200 RALEIGH 27605-2200 omscron eovam.oa mmmac AH T. MORROW. M.D M.PJL AC 919/733-4283 Radiation Protection October 21, 1982 INTEROFFICE MA'L I
L.T. Caruthers, R.S.O.
N.C. State University 214 David Clark Labs Raleigh, North Carolina l
Dear Mr. Caruthers:
'Ihe purpose of this letter is to reaffirm the Radiation Protection Section's role in the unlikely event of radiological emergencies or incidents with offsite consequences at N.C. State University.
This specifically includes the occurrence of such events at the university's Pulstar Reactor Facility.
In the event of an incident or emergency involving actual or potential l.
offsite consequences, the Radiation Protection Section is responsible for responding and for taking whatever actions are necessary for the protection of the public and the environment from radiation hazards. The actions of the Radiation Protection Section would include direct radiation monitoring
'I environmental sampling, laboratory analysis of samples for radioactivity content, and recommendation of needed protective actions.
During such response, all Radiation Protection Section resources would be available as necessary. These resources include fixed laboratory analysis l.
capability out of our Raleigh based environmental laboratory, mobile radiation laboratory with extensive communications capability, all section staff, a wide variety of portable measurement and analystical equipment for i
radioactivity analysis, and other resources 4Milable to the section through any interagency or other agreements.
I In the event of a situation which w-A ec" ce a response by two or more State agencies, it should be noted t
_r-aponse would be under the
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general coordination and control of ele Departsent of Crime Ccntrol and Public Safety.
continued-
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L. T$ Caruthers, R.S.O.
October 21, 1982 Page two
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I In the event that such coordination and control is not necessary, this will further confi rm that the abovementioned resources would still be made available es incessary.
Sincerely yours, Dayne H. Brown. Chief Radiation Protection. Secticr.
DHBa lwr cc Tom P0gh, Directer, Division of Emergency Management, DCC&PS James C. Cuddington, Radiological Safety Officer, Radiation Protection Section l
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R. G. Cockrell, Director Nuclear Reactor Prograrn North Carolina State University FROM: Fire Chief, Raleigh Fire Department City of Raleigh
SUBJECT:
Services to be provided to North Carolina State University in support of the PULSTAR Reactor Emergency Plan.
The Raleigh Fire Department agrees to provide fire protec-tion to North Carolina State University's PULSTAR Reactor in the event of implementation of the PULSTAR Raactor Emergency Plan.
This agreement will remain in effect for the two (2) year period from 3 November 1982 to 3 November 1984.
In the event that the Raleigh Fire Department desires to terminate this agreement prior to the expiration date, 60-day written notification will be provided to North Carolina State University.
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APPENDIX B B.
EFFLUENT RADIONUCLIJE MEASUREMENTS B.1 Gaseous Effluent The PULSTAR gaseous effluent discharge c M nel is monitored by I
four detection systems.
Channel System Detector 4
Particulate Beta Scintillator 5
Stack Gas Thin-Wall GM 6
Auxiliary GM Thin-Wall GM NA Filter Thin-Wall GM Each of these detection systems use the same electronics - dis-play equipment: Victoreen, Model 842-1, Log Ratemeter. The pulses from the detector are converted by the ratemeter into a logarithmic analog signal whose amplitude is related to the pulse repetition rate.
The analog signal is displayed on the panel meter which has a five I
0 decade range to 10 cpm full scale. The ratemeter provides three alarm indications:
a Fail Alarm (green light); Alert (amber light),
and Alarm (red light).
The " Fail" indicates a power failure or the equipment is inoperative.
The Alerts and Alarms are audible on the l
reactor console with the Alarm on either Channel 4, 5, or 6, capable of sounding the Evacuation Horns automatically.
The Beta Scintillator is the Victoreen, Model 841-1, Continuous Air Sampler with filter.
The Thin-Wall GM detector (Channels 5, 6, and Filter GM) is the Victoreen, Model 843-5.
The filter GM Channel is a spare detection system.
I The sensitivity of these channels is as follows:
Channel 4 - Particulate cpm /uCi/cm3 = (1.76 E6)(F)(E)
F = Flow rate in SCFM l
E - cpm /uCi on Filter (Note: The air flow rate through the Channels 4 and 6 is 10 SCFM).
This formula is to be used with the curve furnished by Victoreen B-1 I
I Instrument Div. of VLN of cpm / Ci on the filter vs maximum beta energy.
Channel 5 - Stack Gas AR-41 1.04 E8 cpm / pC i/cn.3 i
3 Kr-85 3.9 E7 cpm /pCi/cm 3
Xe-133 5.59 E7 cpm /pCi/cm Channel 6 - Auxiliary GM 3
Ar-41 4
E8 cpm /pci/cm 3
Kr-86 1.2 E8 cpm /pCi/cm 3
Xe-133 4.7 E6 cpm /pCi/cm B.2 Waste Liquid Effluent There are three (3) 904 gallon liquid waste holding tanks associated with the PULSTAR reactor and the Burlington Engineer-ing Laboratories.
All water from the reactor building is collect-ed by these tanks.
Normal procedure is to fill two tanks and re-tain one as a spare.
These tanks are each monitored by a Victoreen, Model 843-3, (Nal) Gamma Scintillation Detector and the Victoreen, tog Ratemeter described above.
The full tanks are sampled and count-ed for gross beta-gamma activity.
The concentration is determined by CPM pCi (Counter Efficienty)(2.22 E6 DPM)(cm sample) 2 3
Ci
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I APPENDIX C LIST OF EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 1.1 Introduction l
2.1 Definitions 3.1 Organization 5.1 Emergency Classification 6.1 Activation and Response Unusual Event l
6.2 Activation and Response Alert 6.3 Activation and Response Site Emergency 6.4 Activation and Response General Emergency 7.1 Assessment 7.2 Notification 7.3 Protective Actions 8.1 Emergency Facilities 8.2 Emergency Support Center I
9.1 Recovery 10.1 Training Administration 10.2 Personnel Training 10.3 Drills 10.4 Exercises 10.5 Reviews and Changes C-1