Text

Proposed Changes to App a Tech Specs Sections 2.1,4.3,5.1, 5.2,5.3 & 6.1.1,required Prior to Implementing Secondary Coolant Sys & Use of 13 Plate Fuel Elements in Reactor Core
	ML20004B461
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Site:	05000124
Issue date:	05/15/1981
From:	Curtner A, Parkinson T; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE & STATE UNIV., BLACKSB
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.

Proposed Changes to License No. R-62 Appendix A, Technical Specifications Nuclear Research Reactor Virginia Polytechnic institute and State University ,

Blacksburg, Virginia by i

Alan P. Curtner Approved by:

-rt, ) f-3 r / u , L ... s o m T. F. Parkinson 810500OAkt

CO!lIGE OF ENGINEEPING VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY Blacksburg, Virgionia 24061 NUCLEAR REACTOR LABORATORY May 15, 1981 Mr. James R. Miller, Chief Standardization and Special Projects Branch Division of Licensing Washington, D.C. 20555 Re: License No. R-62

Dear Sir:

Docket No. 50-124 Enclosed is a copy of a proposed change to License No. R-62, Appendix A, Technical Specifications which is submitted in accordance with 10CTR 50.59 (c) and 50.90. These changes do not constitute an unreviewed safety question, but changes to the Tech. Specs, are required prior to us modifying the reactor systems as outlined in the enclosed document.

Your timely review and approval of these changes will be greatly appreci- -

ated. If any questions arise during your review please contact me at (703)-

961-6510. -

Sincerely yours,

. /

/

Alan P. Curtner Reactor Supervisor APC/fbl ec: Dr..T F. Parkinson, Director, NRL Mr. James Wilson, Project Manager, NRC Doesment Management Branch, NRC

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! Contents

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l Page I Proposed Changes to the Technical Specifications . . . . 1 II Discussion - Secondary Coolant System . . . . . .1 III Safety Analysis - Secondary Coolant Systes . . . .2 IV Environmental Impact Assessment - Secondary Coolant System . . 3 V Discussion - Ranctor Core Modification . . . . .4 VI Safety Analysis - Reactor Care Modification . . . .4 VII Proposed Changes to the Reactor Control Console . . . .6 m

Figures

1. Reactor Piping and Instrument Diagram . . . . . 7

1. A. Reactor Piping and Instrument Diagram - Legend . . . 8

2. Piping Diagram of Secondary Cooling System . .

.. . 9

3. Part Plan of Basement, Robeson Hall . . . . . 10

4. Part Plan of Basement, Robeson Hall . . . . . .11

5. Part Plan of Roof, Robeson Hall . . . . . . .12

6. Piping to Secondary Pump . . . . . . . 13

7. Cooling Tower By-Pass Control , , , , , ,

14 f 8. Primary and Secondary Coo

ant System, Plan View, Reactor Room 15 l 9. Primary and Secondary Coolant System, Elevation View, Reactor Room . . . . . . . . . .16 i

l

10. Primary and Secondary Coolant System, Elevation View, Section A-A, Reactor Room . . . . . . .17

11. Primary Coolant System, Process Pit, Plan View . . . .18

12. Primary Coolant System, Process Pit, Elevation View . . 19

13. Primary Cholant System, Process Pit, Side View . . . . 20 l 14. Reactor Control Console, As Built . . . . . . 21

15. Proposed Changes to the Reactor Control Console . . . . 22

16. Reactor Coolant System Mimic Piping and Instrument Layout . . 23 l

(

i

i Apoendices

2. ate A. Specifications for New Secondary Coolant System for the Nuclear Reactor . . . . . . . 24

3. Thirteen Plate Fuel Element Experiment, Measured Reactivity Effects . . . . . . ,

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I. Proposed Changes to license No. R-62. Avoendix A. Technical Specifications The following changes in wording and content are requested:

2.1 The reactor and associated equipment are housed in the north-west corner of the Physics Building with the exception of the l cooling tower which is located on the northeast corner of the roof. Robeson Hall is located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.

4.3 The components of the primary coolant system with the exception of the core tanks, heat exchanger primary coolant monitor and connecting pipe shall be located in a process pit in the reactor room.

5.1 The secondary coolant system shall consist of a cooling tower.

l heat exchanger, coolant pump, cooling tower bypass valve, and connecting pipe.

5.2 The secondary coolant flow shall be provided by water pumped from the cooling tower susp to the heat exchanger. The dis-charge of tha heat exchanger shall return to the cooling tower l

or La diverted through the bypass valve to the suction side i

of the secondary coolant pump.

5. 3 During reactor operation, the secondary side of the heat f ,

exchanger chall be maintained at a higher pressure than the i

primary system.

l 6.1 1 Standard fuel plate, shall be of the flat plate type with either twelve or thirteen pistes to each element. The fuel plates shall be separated by approximately 0.4 inches if a twelve plate element, or 0.36 inches if a thirteen plate element and mechanically joined at the top and bottom.

Each fully loaded fuel place shall be approximately 26 inches long by 3 inches wide by 0.080 inch thick, which includes 0.020 inch aluminum cladding on each side, containing a nominal 22 grams of U-235 as uranium-aluminum alloy. Half and quarter-load fuel plates and aluminum dummy plates may be used to adjust the core loading.

II. Discussion - Secondary Coolant System l

Changes to paragraphs 2.1, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 are required prior to implementing the new secondary coolant system. The new secondary system (see figure 1), which includes a secot inry coolant pump, cooling tower, bypass valve, associated connecting pipe and instrumentation, is required for future 500 KW(t) raaetor operation and to enhance operations at our current maximum if-censed power of 100 KW(t). _

The existing heat exchangers have become fouled on the secondary side over the past 10 years of operation from utiliz-ing water from the municipal water system. Full power reactor

j 1

operations cannot be achieved now during the warmest days of the summer due to the reduced heat removal capacity of the existing exchangers.

Construction of the secondary loop should be completed by mid-June 1981. The cooling tower is installed on the roof and the connacting pipe is installed through the building to the reactor room according to " Specifications for the New Secondary Cooling System" (see figure 2,3,4,5 and appendix A). The second-ary coolant pump, bypass valve, heat exchanger and connecting pipe in the reac';or room v111 be installed in May-June 1981 (see figures 6,7,8,9,10).

When ':he Technical Specification changes are approved by the Nuclear Re gulatory Constission, the primary coolant system will be disconnected from the existing heat exchanger and connecting pipe run to the new heat exchanger located outside the process pit (see figures 8,9,10,11,12,13). A new primary coolant pump will be in-stalled capable of up to 90 gym flow; this will replace the exist-ing 20 gpm pump.

III. Safety Analvsis - Secondarv Ccolant System Three significant events have been identified as adversely 4 affecting reactor operations: a secondary to primary tube leak, a loss of secondary coolant flow due to a purp motor failure or pump seizure and pipe breakage or rupture. These are not un-reviewed safety questions since similar events can occur with the existing secondary coolant system.

l If an internal heat exchanger leak develops, water will flow from the secondary to the primary since secondary pre.ssure will always be maintained higher than primary pressure. The leak will be detected by a reduction in primary water resistivity and/or a significant rise in dump tank water level which would be detected by an increase in primary reactor coolant flow due to less differ-l ential head pressure across the primary coolant pump.

! If a leak is detected the reactor will be shutdown and the heat exchanger isolated from the system.

A loss of secondary coolant flow will be detected by a flow monitor activating a low flow alarm on the reactor console annun-clator panel. The reactor will either be shutdown or power will l

' be reduced as necessary to prevent exceeding any temperature limit.

Pipe breakage will ';e detected by a secondary pressure sensor which will activate a low secondary pressure alarm on,the reactor console annunciator panel.

The reactor and secondary coolant system will be shutdown and the leak isolated.

l

A complete loss of coolant accident has been analyzed in the Safety Analysis Report. Any failure of the secondary coolant system will not result in damage to the core fuel cladding. Suffi-cient indicators and alarms will be provided for an operator to take timely action and place the reactor in a safe condition.

IV. Environmental Impact Assessment-Secondarv Coolant Svsten Release of thermal effluents in the form of waste heat from the reactor will not have a significant effect on the environ-ment. This small amount of waste heat is rejected to the atmos-phere by means of the cooling tower. Extensive drift and/or fog will not occur at the maximum power level of 100 KW (t).

No release of potentially harmful cliemical subspy.tes will occur during normal operation. Small amounts of chenicals and/or high-solid content water may be released from the fr.cility through the sewer during periodic blowdown of the cooling tower. Regulations as set forth in 40 CFR 423.13 (1), maximum concentrations of cooling tower affluents will be followed.

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i V. Discussion - Reactor core Modification A change to paragraph 6.1.1 is required prior to implementing the use of thirteen plate fuel elements in the core. The thirteen plate elements are needed for flexibility in core loading. They will provide the ability to load a significant amount of excess reactivity with a minimum of fuel handling and fuel handling and fuel transfers.

The existing fuel elements were loaded into the reactor core in 1959. A few elements were not fully loaded; they contained some dummy plates, half loaded and quarter loaded fuel plates. Over the years these plates were removed rrom the core and replaced with fully loaded fuel plates to compensate for fuel burnup and fission.

product poison buildup. With the last partially loaded fuel plate

-emoved in 1977, the core became fully loaded with twelve fuel elements, twelve fully loaded plates per element.

In 1979 it was necessary to remove one element and replace it with fresh fuel to increase the amount of excess reactivity for normal power sperations. The net gain in reactivity was only about 0.10:aK/K. We were disappointed by how little reactivity was gained from switching one complete old fuel element with another fully load-ed fresh fuel element. We had hoped to gain at least 0.3% dK/K. To

~

achieve that amount would have required changing at least two more

, complete elements. The decision was made to not change any more fuel and live with the 0.10%AK/K gain.

T The core is currently loaded with about 3177 grams of U-235.

l The calculated total burnup of U-235 for 21 years of operation distributed throughout the core is approximately 67 grams. There-fore changing one fuel element only results in a few grams net gain.

The only way to significantly change the excess reactivity is with the addition of an extra 22 gram fuel plate. Significant gains in excess reactivity by the addition of just one thirteen plate fuel element were measured in December 1980 (see Appendix B).

A fuel addition is going to be required this year to compensate for the past two years of burnup and poison buildup. More excess reactivity is required for peak xenon override capability and negative temperature coefficient effects during August and September, the warmest months of the year. The temperature effect should not be significant this year if the new secondary coolant system can be implemented by that time.

1 l

VI. Safety Analysis - Reactor Core Modification l

l Thirteen plate fuel elenents will only be added as necessary to achieve an excess reactivity for normal power operations.

The maximum excess reactivity above cold clean critical shall still be limited to 0.6%AK/K including positive reat tivity from experiments.

(para. 6.1.3 Tech Sec4 The fuel p. late separation from a twelve plate to a thirteen plate fuel elen. ant will be reduced by about .04 inches. The net amount of water displaced in the fuel element cooling channel by the additional thirteenth plate is about 0.6%. Tha reduction of cooling channel width and water displacement is considered insig-nificant. With the addition of the 90 gpm primary coolant pump the AT across the core will be reduced from about 320F to a AT of about 7.60F at 100KW (t) power operation. Heat removal from the fuel plates will be significantly enhanced by this increased coolant flow. Also the new secondary coolant system is designed with the capability of 500 KW (t) heat removal capacity. There-fore the system is more than adequate for operation at 100 KW (t).

P

VII. Proposed Changes to the Reactor Control Console The existing reactor control console is depicted in Figure 14.

Changes to the console are necessary for incorporating additional instrumentation and controls associated with the new secondary coolant system. Various instruments will be rearranged (Figure 15) to allow for a new coolant system mimic piping and instrument layout (Figure 16-detail A).

Temperature and flow indicators are provided, along with lighted valve position indicators, pump running indicators, heater and cooling tower fan running lights.

The mimic piping layout should provide the reactor operator with an efficient means for knowing the reactor plant status at any time.

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i APPENDIX A t' SPECIFICATIONS FOR I

NEW SECONDARY COOLING SYSTEM FOR

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NUCLEAR REACTOR ROBESON HALL VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY BLACKSBtRG, VIRGINIA g

~.

COMMISSION NUMBER 1977

, Carneal and Johnston Architects and Engineers Richmond, Virginia i

\

t t

SECTION ISA MECHANICAL SYSTEMS INDEX GENERAL Scope 1 <

General 1 Intent of Drawings 1 Shop Crawings and Engineering Data 2 ,

Electrical Work 2 Painting 3 PRODUCTS Cooling Tower 3 Piping 4 Valves 4 Back Flow Preventer 4 Identification of Piping 4 Plates 5 Hangers and Supports 5 Insulation G Electric Heat Tape 6 Water Treatment 5 EXECUTION Vibration Absorption 6 Cutting 6 Anchorage and Expansion 7 Sleeves 7 Testing 7 Sterilization of Piping 8 Cleaning and Blowing Out 8 Adjusting and Start-Up 8 Final Inspection ti l

l l t l

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15A-Index-Pg.1

__ _ e

SECTION 15A MECHANICAL SYSTEMS The requirements of the Contract Documents shall form a part of the follow-ing specifications.

GENERAL SCOPE:

i A. Work Included: Provide all labor, equipment and materials for tne complete installation of all Mechanical Work shown on Draw-ing ifl and as specified herein. This Contractor's specific attentien is called to remainder of the drawings wnich should be referred to for reference.

B. Related Work in Other Sections: The fc110 wing work is speci-TTed under otner sections of tnese specifications:

1. Flashing of roof openings not provided with self-flashing roof curbs.

2. All electric motor controllers.

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l 3. The painting of all e:tvipment provided and installed vndte the mechanical work will be done under the Gener61 Contract '

I unless otherwise specified herein.

' GENERAL: Where the term "This Contractor" is used in these specifica-tions, it shall be understood to mean the firm, partnership, or corpo- 7 -

ration who is to furnish and install the work shown on the drawings and specified herein.

This Contractor's attention is called to Operating Manual require-ments specified under Section lA. Included in this manual shall be a complete log of all tests hereinaf ter specified.

It is suggested that this information be collected during construc-tion of the building as final payment will not be made until these I brochures are completed and approved.

All work in this section shall be installed so as not to interfere I with the work of other trades. Whe the work of this section is installed in a manner which interferes with the work of other trades without notice to the General Contractor of such interference, this t Contractor shall, at his own expense, reinstall or alter same includ-ing damages to the work of other trades, all in compliance with the general intent of the drawings and cnese specifications. l INTENT OF DRAWINGS: The drawings are diagra:m:stic only, intending to .

show general runs and locations of piping, equipment, and specialties t

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_ U)77-L%-hJL

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and not necessarily showing all required offsets and details. All werk shall be accurately laid out in cooperation with other trades to avoid conflicts and to obtain a neat and workmanlike installation 7 that will afford maximum accessibility for operation, maintenance, and headroom.

7 SHOP DRAWINGS AND ENGINEERING DATA: Submit for approval by the Archi-tects and Engineers shop drawings of all major equipment and all specially constructed equipment proposed for use in the work to be 7 done under this section. Also submit catalog information or other engineering data on all stock items of equipment and material pro-posed f or use. These shall show that each item meets the requirements I of the contract with respect to such features as dimensions, capaci-ties, arrangement and other pertinent characteristics.

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The shop drawings shall include, where applicable, complete wiring diagrams, performance curves, installation instructions and any other ,

information necessary to the proper installation of the equipment.

The Contractor shall submit not less than 6 copies of the above ,

inf ormation. Bind a copy of each approved shop drawina for each

" Operating Manual" submitted to the Owner as nereinoefore required under Section lA of these specifications.

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ELECTRICAL WORK: All electrical wiring materials, motor starters, motor protection switches, and manual disconnect switches for mechan-ical systems equipment shall be previoed and installed under the I Electrical Division of the work unless hereinaf ter specified as a

, component of a f actory installed assembly. .

g l Mechanical equipment having disconnect switches mounted integral with the units shall have these switches mounted and internally wired by ,

the manuf acturer. External wiring beyond the switch shall be provid-ed and installed under the electrical division of the work.

All electrical apparatus furnished under this section shall be ap- I proved by the Underwriters' Laboratories and shall be so labeled or listed where such label or listing is applicable. Where custom built equipment is specified and the Underwriters' Laboratories Label or (

listing is not applicable to the completed product, all components used in the construction of such equipnat shall be labeled or listed ,

by Underwriters' Laboratories where such label or listing is applica- '

ble to the component. All other applicable requirements set forth in the electrical division shall apply to the above mentioned apparatus. ,

Unless otherwise specifiea, motors shall be furnished by the manu-f Mturer supplying the equipment requiring the motor. Motors shall be mounted and aligned as part of the mechanical work. \

All motcrs furnished under this section shall conform' to the latest applicable NEMA and ASA Standards for Class B '.30 degrees C. total l heat insulation, type and duty as specifically applied, and any ap-plicable requirements of the electrical division of these specifica- ,

tions, t

1977-15 A_-.Pjil.2 _ _ _ _ . _

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All motors shall be suitable for operation on 60 cycles A.C. with voltage and other characteristics as specified or shown on the draw- g ing. All motors shall be designed for successful operation at rated load and frequency with voltage variation of plus or minus 10 percent of the rated voltage shown or specified. g PAINTING: Except es specified herein to the contrary, all equipment and materials furnished under this section shall have standard f acto- 7 ry applied finishes.

PRODUCT 5 g

COGLING TOWER: Furnish and install, as shown on the plans, a f actory assembled, induced draft, crossflow cooling tower with vertical air I discharge. Tower shall be non-combustible with approximate overall dimensions of 7'9-1/2" x 17'2-1/2" x 8'9" maximum height. Total f an i

horsepower requirements shall not exceed 15 hp and suitable for oper- g ating on 208 volt, 3 phase 60 Hz electric current.

Cacacity: The tower shall be guaranteed to cool 75.0 GPM of water from g

.00 cegrees F. to 95 degrees F. at 76 degrees F. entering wet bulb umperature.

I Casino: Casing shall be constructed entirely of hot dip galvanized steel panels supported by heavy gauge hot dip galvanized steel angle framework, all finished with :inc chromatized aluminum paint.

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Louvers: Louvers shall be corrugated hot dip galvanized steel, fin-isned with zine chromatized aluminum paint. ,

g l

Collectino Pan: The cold water basin shall be constructed of heavy gauge, not alp galvanized steel, finished inside and out with zinc ,

chromatized aluminum paint. Basin shall be self-cleaning and include depressed center sump, with drain and clean out connections. Suction connection shall be provided with anti-cavitation device and large ,

area, lift out, hot dip galvanized steel strainers. A brass, ficat operated make up valve s1all be provided complete with large diamet-er, plastic float, arranged for easy adjustment. ,

! Distribution System: Hot water distribution basins shall be open gravity type constructed of hot dip gavanized steel finished with ,

zinc chromatized aluminum paint. Distribution weirs and plastic me-

, tering orifices shall be provided to assure even distribution of l

water over wet deck surf ace. ,

Wet Deck Surface: The wet deck surf ace material shall be melamine l impregnated, neoprene asbestos with edges rolled to double thickness '

to pravent flaking or erosion. It shall be non-combustible and imper-vious to rot, decay, fungus, or biological attack. The surf ace shall be manuf actured and performance tested by the cooling tower manuf ac-tarer to assure single source responsibility and control of the final t l product.

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4

- . . _ . .- . . . - - . - m

i Drift Eliminators: The drift eliminators shall be constructed of extra heavy coated, hot dip galvanized steel. They shall have a minimum of 3 distinct changes in air direction and limit drift loss to less tMn 0.2 percent of the total water circulated.

Mechanical Equipment: Fan shall be fixed pitch, heavy duty, cast aluminum with a minimum of 6 blades. It shall discharge through a glass fiber reinforced polyester fan cylinder designed for stream-lined air entry and minimum tip loss for maximum f an efficiency.

l Fan and shaf t shall be supported by heavy duty, relubricatable ball bearings with special moisture seals, slingers, and housings designed I

to prevent moisture accumulation.

Fan shall be driven through a one piece, multi-groove, neoprene / poly-ester " POWER BAND" designed specifically for cooling tower service.

Fan motor snall be totally enclosed, air-over (TEA 0), 1800 rpm, '

squirrel cage, ball bearing type witn special moisture protection on windings, shafts, and bearings. 7 Access and Safety: Access doors shall be provided on both sides of tower f or access to eliminators and plenum section. A heavy gauge hot ;

dip galvanized wire f an guard shall be provided over each f an cylind-er.

Tower shall be complete with ladder, railing,10.0 KW electric heater #

with controls and flow control valves..

PIPING: Condenser water piping shall be Schedule 40, black steel, '

ASTM A-120-47 with mechanical pipe couplings and fittings.

Cold water make-up piping shall be Type L hard drawn copper, ASTM B-88 I l with wrought copper solde* fittings using 50/50 solder.

VALVES: Gate valves for copper pipe shall be Jenkins Bros. Figure 1242; all bronze, solder ends.

BACK FLOW PREVENTER: Back flow preventer shall be of the reduced l

pressure type Watts Series 900 or equal.

l IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING: Identify all piping by means of self-sticking all temperature printed and colored pipe markers, equal to Brady No. B-500. Markers shall be color codsd and marked in accord- g ance with ASA reconniendations for each service. All piping having overall diameters, including insulation, if any, of 3 inches and larger shall have single cut markers with Style "A" or Style "B" (

printing, and piping with lesser diameters shall have similar markers with Style "C" printing. Each end of each marker shall .be secured by a 1 inch wide band of colored pressure sensitive tape cort'letely around the pipe. A separate and distinct color shall be used for each \

separate kind of service in the pipe line.

t j_ 1977-15A-Pg.4

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Markers shall be applied not over 50 feet on center on exposed runs of pioing and additional markers shall be applied as required to permit g reasonable visual identification of each pip 2 visible from access doors, shaf t openings, removable ceiling panels and other points of inspection. Markers shall be neatly applied, and in the case of

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painted piping they shall be applied af ter painting.

PLATES: Furnish and install nickel or chromium plated brass floor, (

wall and ceiling p1Etes around all exposed bare and insulated pipes where they pass through or into floors, walls and ceilings of finished and occupied spaces. In the case of insulated pipe, the plates shall g fit the insulation snugly.

Plates shall be in whatever style may be required to fit the con- ,

dition.

HANGERS AND SUPPORTS: All piping shall be hung to true alignmer.t g using appropriate and substantial hanger arrangements. Hangers shall be located so that piping, ductwork, and hangers will be clear of other piping, conduits, lighting fixtures, equipment, etc. ,

In general, horizontal piping shall be supported from inserts in concrete slabs; inserts shall be equal to Grinnell Fig. No. 282. No ,

inserti shall be used in slabs less than 4 inches thick. ~

In some instances the piping and the ductwork shall be supported by , ,

beam clamps, side beam brackets, wall brackets, structural steel an-gles or chsnels, or other approved arrangements to suit installation

. conditions. ,

Maximum pipe hanger spacing shall not exceed:

5 feet o.c. for 1/2 inch p.pe 8 feet o.c. for pipes 1-1/2 inches and smaller 10 feet o.c. for pipes 2 inches and larger ,

Hangers shall be located with respect to bends so as not to hamper expansion or contraction.

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Hanger rods shall be of steel and not less than: 3/8 inch for pipes 2 inches and smaller.

l {

Generally, all horizontal pipir.g shall be hung with clevis, split ring, or split steel hangers equal to Fee and Mason No. 239, No. 215, ,

and No. 236, respectively. Groups of pipes running in the same horizontal plane and with the same pitch may be supported on gang hangers equal to Fee and Mason No. 827 with roller under each pipe.

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Except as otherwise shown or required, all vertical piping shall be supported with steel riser clamps equal to Fee and Mason No. 241 standard weight for pipes 4 inches and smaller and No. 238 extra heavy l for pipes 5 inches and larger. Such clamps on copper tubing shall be applied over couplings only. ,

t l 1977-15A-Pg.5

_ - . . _ - - . _ __ . = - . _ ___ -.. - _ _ _

E t

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Other foms and arrangements of hangers and supports shall be used to accomi;adate special or unusual conditions or conditions not covered - g herein, subject to the approval of the Architects and Engineers.

Wire and strao hangers will not be allowed.

g Equipment and piping supported from or on slabs shall be installed using concrete, steel or other supporting arrangements, all as an- g proved by the Architects and Engineers.

All pipes shall be hung free of dependence on pipe sleeves for sup- g port.

INSULATION: All water piping located above the roof shall be insulat- ,

ed with 1 inch thickness of Fiberglass 25 ASUSSL or equal and wea-therproof jacket. Omit weatherproof jacket on cold water make-up l piping inside the building. (

ELECTRIC HEAT TAPE: Electric heat tape shall be Thermon "Econotrace" Type A or equal installed on all outdoor piping at cooling tower. g Tape snall be located between pipe and insulation and rated for 120 volts and produce a uniform 4 watts per lineal foot. It shall protect the piping from 0 degrees to 40 degrees F. and be provided with a g sensing themostat. .

WAT5R TREATMENT: Secondary water system shall be treated to control ,

the f ollowing:

H - 6.5 - 8.0 .

Nrn-chromate - 200 - 300 ppm

Total disolved solids - 1500 max.

Organic growth - none ,

EXECUTION VIBRATION ABSORPTION: The entire system shall operate without ob-jectionable or unusual noises or vibrations.

l , Piping which is found to have water hammer or other objectionable vibrations which cannot be eliminated by proper grading or other natural means shall be hung with shock-absorbing Ungers and equipped ,

with air chambers or mechanical shock aborbers or flexible pipe con-nectcrs, or otherwise silenced, using approved ceans.

. CUTTING: All cutting necessary for the proper installation of work under this section shall be done. No structural member shall be cut without specific approval of the Architects and Engineers.

Where holes through steel beams are required for the passage of pipes and where such holes are not already provided or are improperly locat-ed to suit the needs, this Contractor shall cut the necessary holes l upon the approval of and as directed by the Architects and Engineers.

These holes shall be true, smooth circles sawed, drilled, or reamed to ,

the smallest practical diameter as near the beam centers as practi- ,

i

_ . _ - . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ -_ _ om> 1977-15A-Pg.j

i

(

cal. No holes shall be cut turough any beam if any other practical and acceptable pipe route is available, and no such hole shall be cut f without the express permission of the Architects and Engineers, t

Openings which might offer a hazard to occupants and parserbys in the g building and grounds shall be adequately guarded and shall be closed as soon as practical.

All removed materials excess to the needs .of the project shall be removed f rom tne premises.

ANCHORAGE AND EXPANSION: Furnish and install all arrangements re- '

quired for controlling the expansion, contraction, and movement of ;

pipe lines, and equipment installed under this section including an- ,

chors and expansion f aciities. Anchors shall be of approved designs secured to the building in an approvad manner and sufficiently sub-stantial to overcome the thrust of expanding pipes.

(

SLEEVES: All other pipes passing through concrete or masonry walls, beams, and partitions shall be provided with black steel pipe sleeves (

unless indicated otherwise.

Horigontal sleeves shall be cut to ?ength equal to the finished wall g

, thickness and shcll be grouted neatly into position.

Vertical sleeves shall be cut off flush with the bottom of slabs and shall project 1/2 inch above tops of slabs. Where pipe clamps, anchors, or other devices would rest on the tops of projecting sleeves, proper seats shall be provided for the devices by the use of (

bricks set in a concrete grout or other approved manner.

All sleeves shall be large enough to pass pipe and insulation, where g pipe lines are covered and large enough to perinit adequate pipe move-ment due to expansion and contraction.

I All sleeves shall be loosely packed to a depth of about 1 inch from both sides with mineral wool.

I TESTING: All tquipment and piping installed under this section shall be tested and fcund tight. Insulated or otherwise concealed piping and equipment shall be tested before being closed in. All leaking g joints shall be corrected, retested, and found tight. Such tests shall conform to the requirements of local codes, but shall be not less than the equivalent of the following tests: 4 All Water Piping,125 psig hydrostatic for 4 consecutive hours dura-ti on.

(

Previde all necessary equipment for making these test,s, including pumps, instrunents, protective devices, piping, connections, and ap- q purtenances.

I These tests shall not relieve this Contractor from respor.sibility for ,

leaks which may develop after the tests are made.

(

.v. 1977-15A-Pt C ___ _ _ __

(

All necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent freezing or other damage to equipment and piping as a result of these tests. All 7 specialties and equipment unable to withstand the specified test pressures shall be bypassed or otherwise safeguarded.

In addition to the above tests, all welded piping shall be subjected (

to a hydrostatic test at 1-1/2 times the working pressure. All welded joints shall be hammered with a 3 pound hamer, the blows being struck (

hard enough to jar the pipe without injuring it. Pinhole leaks shall be repaired by welding. Welds which show general sweating or continu-ity of pinholes shall be replaced. g Only persons who are trained and experienced in this type of work '

shall be used for the testing, adjusting, and compilation of test g data. '

STERILIZATION OF PIPING: After domestic cold water piping has been ,

t'ushed f ree of f oreign matter, it shall be sterilized by the follow-ing or otner method approved by the Ar:hitects and Engineers.

Introduce chlorine by means of a solution equal to sodium hypochlo- '

rite, filling the lines slowly and applying the agent at a rate of 100

-parts per million of available chlorine in the system as determined by (

test at the ends of the line. Open and close all valves and outlets while the systems are being chlorinated.

Af ter the sterilizing agent has been in the system for not less than 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, test for available chlorine at the ends of the lines, and if

! less than 50 PPM of available chlorine is found at any point so g tested, the sterilization process shall be repeated until 50 PPM is found to exist at the ends of the tpecified period, af ter which the chlorine shall be flushed Out of tra system by the flow of pure water g out of all valves and outlets.

Chlorinated or otherwise treated water shall not be permitted to flow ,

through hoses or other attachments which might be damaged by the chemical concentration required for sterilization.

CLEANING A0 BLOWING OUT: The equipment and piping installed under this section shall be blown out under pressure and cleaned of foreign

! matter, through temporary connections when necessary, before the sys- 4 I tem is placed in service. Precautions shall be used to prevent l f oreign matter from getting into equipment, and piping, during con-struction.

(

i The surf aces of all equipment and piping shall be clean upon com-pletion of the work.

l

(

ADJUSTING AND START-UP: Before the work done under thi.s section is offered for final inspection, it shall be adjusted and made to operate g l as intended. Provide all equipment and instruments necessary for making these adjustments. Equipment and instruments shall be of types approved by the Architects and Engineers. ,

! (

-- w WSMLR. A-(MLD

I The ini ti al start-up of mechanical equipment for/the heating and temperature control systems shall be performed by the manuf acturers of the respective equipment. '

All belt driven f ans shall be provided with adjust'able pitch sheaves. ..

Sheaves shall be selected so that required RPM will be obtained with the sheave adjustment in the midpoint. After firal balancing has been performed sheaves shall be replaced if this adjustment point is still not in the midpoint.

~

FINAL INS?ECTION: When the work on the project has been completed and is ready for final inspection, such an inspection will be made. At this time, the Contractor shall demonstrate that the requirements of this section have been met.

END OF SECTION l

i i

I i

l

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1 i

__ 1977-15A-Pt9 9

APPENDIX B Thirteen Plate Fuel Element Experiment Measured Reactivity Effects

-3&-

I I

1 Measured Reactivity Effects Approach to Critical Experiments A thirteen plate fuel element loaded with 7 dummy aluminum plates and 6 fully loaded fuel plates was first placed in core location E-4.

A centrally located fuel element was replaced since it is in the most reactive region of the core. Shifting the 13 piste element to any other cora location after it is fully loaded should result in a decrease in total excess-K for that particular location. A summary of the U-235 loading in all fuel elements is given in table 1.3. and .1.4.

II.1 Approach to Critical Procedure in the Reactor Procedure Manual was followed. One fully loaded fuel plate was added to the element i between each critical mass determination. (tables 1.1 and 1.2, figures 1.1 through 1.9). The existing source range fission chamber and a BF detector located in the north beam port were used for obtaining 3

count rates.

Criticality was predicted and did occur with the addition of the eleventh fuel plate. The approach to critical procedure was fallowed when adding the twelfth and thirteenth fuel plate to insure 0.6% ak/k t;tal excess was not exceeded. (figures 1.8 and 1.9) Graphite stringers were removed as necessary which prevented exceeding the total l excess-K limit.

l I Critical Experiments i

Reactivity measurements with the fully loaded 13 plate element were performed in core locations E-4, E-5, E-6, W-1, and W-2. The total net gain in excess-K by replacing a 12 plate with a 13 plate element l

was measured. The total actual excess-K with the 13 plate element in I

i each location was also measured. The total theoretical gain in excess-K if no graphite stringers had been removed was calculated. The results

l are sununarized in table 2.1. The total worth of the shim rod and the regulating rod were measured with the element in each core location (table 2.1). Integral rod worth was measured at 4",

i 6", 8", 10", 12", and 16" withdrawal for the reg. rod and shim rod in location E-4 and for the shim rod in locations E-5, E-6 W-1 and W-2. (figures 2.1 through 2.6).

Tie original plan was to measure diagonally opposite locations in the c:,re. Five out of six of the locations were measured.

The experiment was terminated en location W-3 when it could not be assured a total excess-K of 0.6% AK/K would not be exceeded. The best extrapolated estimate that could be obtained when approaching critical indicated a possille total excesa-K of 0.601% Ak/k. Reactivity measurements were

. performed to an accuracy of + 0.001% Ak/k using a micro-processor based reactimeter.

.~.11 removable graphite stringers were out of the core. Reducing the existing reactiv*,ty of the core would have required disassembling a i " hot" 12 plate fuel element and replacing one of the 12 plates with a dununy aluminum plate. Therefore, it was decided to terminate the exper-1 ment due to time constraints and the tedious process that would have been encountered in manipulating " hot" fuel.

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P00R BRIGINAL Log of Fuel in Reactor I l

listed qu,antities s in grams . '

Slab "A" Thermal Column

,1 M ., u-t e-3 w-+ u-r w-6 i

. 1 TDE-2cl22.46 11-7 21.39 Q-12 21 .7 ! 9-4 '21.75 10-1 22.04 4-27 ' 21g s

TDB-05 21.53 13-1 22.67 12-31 22.38 4-31 21.S2 10 ~ 22.22 13-27 22.58

)

TDG-08121.50 11-9 21.39 12-2 122.27 12-23 22.46 10-4 f22 713 4-16 21.5'1 I

TDB-17I 22.42 13-2 22.61 2-31 21.48 2-20 21.48 10-g'22.04 13-28 22.57 TDA-06 22.37 11-12 21.37 12-1 22.23 12-26122.41 10-7 22.22 6-9 '91 . 51 l 1"DB-30 22.42 13-4 '22.61 3-1 22.01 12-28 22.43 10-9 '22.32 12-1 22.61 TDG-06!21.87 4-29 21.56 12-19 22.06 2-24' 21.48 2-30 '21.48 9-28 22.32 I

rDS-14 22.35 .13-8 22.62 12-8'22.26 9-3 '21.75 10-12 22.22 12-9 22.53 TDE-04 22.25 4-28 21.53 9-2 '21.75 12-30l22.44 lo-let22.13 11-16r21.38 3

TDB-23 22.27 13-11 22.63 12-15'22.27 2-25 21.48 10-18 22.22 12-133 22.47 EDB-22'22.24 11-10 21.62 10-10 21.76 12-4 22.35 10-19'22.22 11-13'21.31 EDS-11'21.81 13-12'22.61 11-16 22.26 12-5 22.33 4-23 21.34 12-22 22.43 Al 265.49 A2 264.61 A3 264.50 A4 263.9 AS 254.58 A6 264.7d E-I ,

E E-3 E-4 E-T 6-6 13-21 22.58 11-19 21.39 12-6 22.31 4-15 21.47 11.21 21,38 10-22 22.22 3-2 22.06 13-31 22.64 2-26 21.48 13-14'22.55 13. 3 ' 22.t' 3 10-24'22.22 3-3 22.01 4-8 21.42 12-7 22.36g 4-17 21.47 11-5 21.48 10-25 22.13 3-4 22.08 13-3 22.51 2-27'21.48 13-15 22.59 13-18'22.64 10-26 22.22 3-5 122.21 4-5 (21.47 10-2,1 23,13 4-19 pl.50 11-18121.43 10-27 122.13 I

3-7 22.14 13-5 1 22.60 528 21.48 13-20 I22.56 13-19'22.61 4-14 21.48 1 I 3-8 22.04 4-10]21.42 12-18'22.40 4-20 41.49 11-30 21.45 10-29 22.22 3-9 '21.99 13-7 E22.58 3-6 '23.24 2-32hl.48 13-25 22.62 10-30 22.04 3-10 22.12 4-12 21.44 2-29 21.48 13-22 522.60 11-28 21.55 10-11 22.04 342 22.01 i13-9 '22.58 12-21'22.38 4-22hl.47 13-25 22.62 10-32 22.13 i

3-13l22.03 10-28 22.04 12-25 22.35 4-26 fl.48 11-31 21.55 3-11pl.95 3-14 622.14 13-10 22.53 12-27'22.35 13-26 22.58 I I 11-30 22.61 3-20 21.97 31 265.41 B2 264.62 33 266.44 34 263.24 as 264.57 B6 264.75 Slab "B" Shield Tank ,

v Table 1.3

_____-_.-_1A._______...._.__

13 PLATE FUEL ELEMENT U-235 LOADING Plate No. Serial No. Grams. U-235 1 TDA20 21.95 2 TDE21 22.56 l 3 TDJ07 21.87 4 TDH04 21.92 5 TDE07 21.88 6 TDK09 22.68 7 TDK06 22.54 8 TDG17 22.55 9 TDJ05 21.83 10 TDB14 21.97

! 11 TDC23 22.52 12 TDA04 21.96 13 TDE26 22.50 288.73 gr. total J

a Table 1.4

. _ . - . _ _ _ . , . _ _ . - . , . . , , . . . _ . , _ . . - . - - . . _ _ . _ _ . . _ . _ _ _ , . . . . . _ . - - . _ _ . . _ _ _ . ~ _ . . _ _ . - . . . _ _.. . . _ . _ ,

i~

HEASURED REACTIVITY EFFECTS, 13 PLATE ELEMENT all values in %dK/K accuracy: +

_0.001 %AK/K ,

Total Net Cain, Total Theoretical Total Excess-K Replacing 12 plate Excess-K If No . 13 Plate Element Core Element With A Stringers Rt.aoved In Core,(Haximum Total Shim Total Regulating location 13 Plate Element For compensation Allowed .6%) Rod Worth Rod Worth E-4 0.304 0.783 0.568 0.888 0.115 1

, E-5 0.326 0.805 0.590 0.878 0.I13 OI E-6 0.146 0.625 0.410 0.800 0.111 W-1 0.103 0.582 0.471 0.756 0.I19 a

4 W-2 0.160 0.639 0.383 0.682 0,126 9

l i

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