ML19329C298
| ML19329C298 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Davis Besse  |
| Issue date: | 03/08/1979 |
| From: | Wadley G HAZLETON LABORATORIES AMERICA, INC. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19329C282 | List: |
| References | |
| 5501-07786, 5501-7786, NUDOCS 8002121007 | |
| Download: ML19329C298 (46) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:. @ HAZLETOT ENVIACNMENTAL SC:ENCES CC APCA ATICN '5CC 8 ACNT AGE AC AC.NC ATHS ACC* - INCiS SCCS2. y S A REPORT TO TOLEDO EDISCN CCMPANY TOLEDO, OHIO OPERATICNAL ENVIRCNMENTAL RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING FOR THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION OAK HARBOR, OHIO ANNUAL REPORT
SUMMARY
AND INTERPRETATION JANUARY - DECEMBER 1978 FOR SUBMITTAL TO THE NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION PREPARED AND SUBMITTED BY HAZLETCN ENVIRCNMENTAL SCIENCES CORPORATICN PROJECT NO. 5501-07786 Approved by: D. b. % k A G. W. Wadley, Ph.D. b Scientific Director l 8 March 1979 8002124007 D*CNE (3?21564 C7CC o PELE x 28-9483 >aZE5 NS A<3
HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL. SCIENCES PREFACE The staff of the Nuclear Sciences of Ha::leton Environmental Sciences Corporation (HISC) were responsible for the acquisition of tne data presented in this report. Samples were collected by members of the staff of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station and be local' sample collectors. .The report was prepared by L. G. Huebner, Director, Nuclear Sciences. He was assisted in the report preparation by the follow-ing staff members:' S. J. Bartman, C. A. Johnson, C. R. Marucut, L. A. Nicia, and Dr. R. E. Wild. ii
MAZLATON CNVIRONMZNTAL CC1CNCCG TABLE OF CONTEITS Pace Preface ii List of Figures iv List of Tables. v I. Introduction. 1 II. Summary. 2 III. Methodology. 3 A. Program Modification. 3 B. The Air Program. 3 C. The Terrestrial Program. 4 D. The Aquatic Program. 6 E. Program Execution. 8 IV. Results and Discussion. 9 A. Effects of Chinese Atmospheric Nuclear Detonation. 9 3. Census of Milch Animals 11 C. The Air Environment 11 D. The Terrestrial Environment 13 E. The Aquatic Environment 18 V. Methodology Figures and Tables. 21 VI. References Cited. 38 1 iii
HAZLETON ENVIRONMINTAL CCCNCE2 LIST OF FIGURES No. Caption Pace 1 Sampling locations on the site boundarf of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station. 22 2 Sampling locations (except those on the site peripherf), Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station. 23 iv .1
. MA2LETON CNVIRCNMZNTAL CCI"INC013 LIST OF TABLES No. Title Pace 1 Sampling locations, Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1. 24 2 Type and frequency of collections. 26 3 Sample codes used in Table 2 27 4 Sampling summary. 28 5 Environmental radiological monitoring program 29 summary. I l I i v
HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES I. Latroduction Because of the many potential pathways of radiation exposure to man from both natural and ran-made sources, it is necessary to document levels of radioactivity and the variability of these levels which exist in an area crior to the anticipated release of any additional radioactive nuclides. To meet this objective, an extensive preoperational environmental radiological monitoring program was initiated for the Toledo Edison Company in the vicinity of the Davia-Besse Nuclear Pcwer Station site. This program in-cluded collection (both onsite and offsite) and radiometric analyses of airborne particulates, airborne iodine, ambient gamma radiation, milk, grountwater, meat and wildlife, fruits and vegetables, animal and wildlife feed, soil, surface water, fish, and bottom sediments. BIO-TEST /NALCO ES completed the first four-and-one-half years of preoperational monitoring in December of 1976 and one year of 1 preoperational and operational monitoring in December of 1977. l 1 Fuel elements were loaded in Unit 1 on 23 through 27 April 1977 and the initial criticality was achieved on 12 August 1977. Unit 1 achieved one hundred percent of its operational capacity on 4 April 1978. This report, prepared by Hazleton Environmental Sciences (HIS), presents one full year of operational data for the environmental radiological =onitoring at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Starion. 1
MAZLETCN GNVIRCNMUNTAL. SCl2NCE3 II. Summary Results of sample analyses during the period January - December 1970 are summarized in Table 5. Tabulations of data for all samples collected during this period, additional statistical analyses of the data, and graphs of data trends are presented in a separate report to the-Toledo Edison Company. Monitoring data collected furing the period January - December 1978 were similar to data obtained during 1977, but slightly higher than in 1976. The major contributor to these elevated levels was residual fallout from the atmospheric detonation of a 20 kiloton device detonated on 17 September 1977 and of a less than 20 kiloton device detonated on 14 March 1978. None of the results indicate any effect on the radiological environment due to the operation of Davis-Besse Nuclear Station, l Unit 1. e 2 s
MAZLETON ENVIRCNMENTAL. SCIENCES III. Methodolocy The sampling locations for the Preoperational Environmental Radiological Monitoring Program at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Table 1 describes the loca-tions, lists for each its direction and distance from the station, and indicates which are indicator and which are control locations. The sampling program monitors the air, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. The types of samples collected at each location and the frequency of collections are presented in Table 2 using codes defined in Table 3. Below, the collections and analyses that comprise the program are described. Finally, the execution of the program in the current reporting annual period (January - December 1978) is discussed. A. Program Modification During the reporting period the monitoring program was modified slightly to include annual collection and analyses of soil samples. Details are given in Section III.C.7. B. The Air Program 1. Airborne Particulates The airborne particulate samples are collected on 47 mm diameter membrane filters of 0.8 micron porosity at a valu-metric rate of approximately one cubic foot per minute. The filters are collected weekly from eleven locations (T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-7, T-8, T-9., T-11, T-12, Tr23, and'T-27), placed in 3
l HAZLETON ENVI ACNMENTAI. SCIENCES individual glassine protective envelopes, and dispatched by mail to HES for radiometric analyses. The filters are analyzed for gross beta activity approximately five days after collection to allow for decay of naturally-occurring short-lived radionuclides. The quarterly composites of' all air particulate samples from indi-cator locations (T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-7, and T-8) and of all air particulate samples from control locations (T-9, T-11, T-12, T-23, and T-27) are gamma-s' canned and analyzed for strontium-89 and -90. 2. Airborne Iodine Each air sampler is equipped with a charcoal trap in-line af ter the filter holder. The charcoal trap at each loca-tion is changed at the same cime as the particulate filter and analyzed for iodine-131 immediately after arrival at the laboratory. 3. Ambient Ga=ma Radiation The integrated g;mma-ray background from natural radiation is measured with daermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). Monthly and quarterly TLD's are placed at thirteen locations (the eleven air sampling locations and locations T-5 and T-24). Each shipment of TLD's includes controls which are stored in a shield at the station and retu2ned with the fl. eld TLD's after their removal. In-transit exposures a e measured by the control TLD's and subtracted from the field TLD measurements to obtain their net exposure. C. The Terrestrial Procram 1. Milk Two gallon milk samples are collected semi-monrhly 4 l
HAZLETON ENVIRCNM" INTAL CCIHNC2D during the grazing period (May through Octcber) and monthly during the rest of the year from two indicator locations (T-8 and T-20) and one contrci location (T-24). The milk samples are analyzed for iodine-131, strontium-89 and -90, calcium, stable potassium, and are gamma-scanned. 2. Gcmundwater One-gallon well water samples are collected cuarter-ly from two indicator locations (T-7 and T-17) and from one control location (T-2 7). The gross beta activity is determined on the suspended and dissolved solids of each sample. The samples are also gamma scanned and analyzed for strontium-89 and -90, and tritium. 3. Edible Meat Semi-annually, domestic meat samples (chickens ) are collected from one indicator location (T-32) and one control location (T-34) and one representative species of wildlife (musk-rat or raccoon) is collected onsite (T-31). In addition, one waterfowl species and one snapping turtle are collect 2d annually onsite (T-31) or in the site vicinity (T-33). Gamma-spectroscopic analysis is performed on the edible portions of each sample., 4. Fruits and Vecetables Semi-annually, two varieties of fruits and vegetables s are collected from each of the two indicator locations (T-8 and T-25) and from cae control location (T-34). The edible portions are gamma scanned and analyzed for strontium-89 and -90. l
HAZLETON ENVIRCNMENTAL SCIENCES 5. Green Leafy Vegetables Monthly, during the harvest season, green leafy vegetables are collected from one indicator location (T-36) and one control location (T-37). The samples are analyzed for iodine-131. Should green leafy vegetables from private gardens not be available, nonedible plants with similar leaf characteristics from the same vicinity may be substituted. 6. Animal-Wildlife Feed Animal feed is collected semi-annually from one indicator location (T-8) and one control location (T-34). Cattle-feed is collected during the first quarter and grass is collected during the third quarter. Also, once a year, a sample of smartweed is collected from location T-31 (ons ite). Gamma-spectroscopic analysis is performed on all samples. 7. Soil Once a year, soil samples are collected from all eleven air sampling locations; six indicator locations (T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-7, and T-8) and five control locations (T-9, T-11, T-12, T-23, and T-27). Gamma-spectroscopic analysis is performed on all samples. D. The Aquatic Program 1. Treated Surface Water Weekly grab samples of treated water are collected at one indicator location (T-28, Unit 1 treated water supply, en-site) and two control locations (T-ll and T-12, Port Clinton and Toledo filtration plants). The samples from each location are 6
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES composited monthly and analy=ed for gross beta activity in dis-solved and suspended solids. Quarterly composites from each loca-tion are gamma scanned and analyzed for stroncium-89 and -90, and tritium. 2. Untreated Surface Water Weekly grab samples of untreated water from Lake Erie are collec, 4 . nn c,e indicator location (T-3) and from two control locat 1 and T-12, Port Clinton and Toledo 3 filtration plants, untreated water tap). In addition, hourly grab samples are collected from one in-plant water supply (T-28, Unit 1 untreated water supply, onsite). The samples from each location are composited monthly and analyzed for gross beta activity in dissolved and suspended solids. Quarterly composites from each location are gamma scanned and analyzed for strontium-89 and -90, and tritium. 3. Fish Two species of fish are collected semi-annually from each of two locations in Lake Erie; from one indicator location in the vicinity of the discharge (T-33) and one control location approximately 15 miles from the plant (T-34; Put-In-Bay area). The flesh is separated from the bones and analyzed for gross beta and gamma-emitting isotopes. 4. Bottom Sediments Semi-annually, bottom sediments are collected from three locations in Lake Erie; at two indicator locations, intake (T-29) and discharge (T-30), and at one control location abouc 5.3 l l I 7
HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES miles WNW from the plant (T-27). The samples are ga=ma scanned and analyzed for gross beta and strontium-89 and -90. E. Procram Execution Program execution is su=marized in Table 4. The program was executed as described in the preceding sections with the following exceptions : (1) Tc.ere were no air particulate or I-131 data from location T-3 for the week of 1-2 3-78 to 2-0 2-78 ; from location T-4 for the weeks of 3-20-78 to 3-37-78 and 4-17-78 to 4-24-78; from location T-8 for the week of 8-28-78 to 9-05-78; from location T-12 for the week of 9-25-78 to 10-02-78 ; and from location T-27 for the weeks of 1-09-78 tol-17-78, 1-17-78 to 1-23-78, 1-2 3-78 to 1 78, 10-09-78 to 10-16-78, and 11-27-78 to 12-04-78 because the pumps failed. (2) There were no air pcrticu: ate or I-131 data from location T-27 for the week of 1-31-78 to 1-06-78 because of the power failure and timer malfunction. (3) Well water sample was not collected from location T-7 in January of 1978 because water line was frozen. (4) Snapping turtle was collected from location T-31 because it was not available at location T-33. (5) Weekly samples of untreated surface water were not collected from Lake Erie (T-3) during the months of January, February, and March of 1978 because the lake was frozen. (6) There was no iodine-131 datum from location -T-9 for the week of 2-13-78 to 2-21-78 because the sample was not sent to the. laboratory due to oversight. 8 l
HA2LETON CNVIRCNMZNTAL GCIENCES IV. Results and Discussion The result s for the reporting period January to December 1978 are presented in summary form in Table 5. For sach type of analysis of each sample'd medium, this table shows the annual mean and range ~ for all indicator locations and for all control locations. The location with the highest annual mean and the results for this location are also given. The discussion of the results has been divided into three broad categories; the air, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. Within each category, samples are discussed in the order listed in Table 4. Any references to previous envircnmental data for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station refer to data collected by Hazleton Environmental SciencesARALCO Environmental Sciences, or Industrial BIO-TEST Laboratories, Inc. The tabulated results of all measurements. made during 1978 are not included in this section, although references to these results are made in the discussion. The complete tabulation of the results is submitted to -he Toledo Edison Company in a separate report. A. Effects of Chinese Atmospheric Nuclear Detonations Two atmospheric nuclear detonations by the People's Republic of China had some impact on program results in 1978. The first of the detonations occurred on 17 September 1977 and had some ( residual effect on the results. The second detonation conducted en 14 March 1978 had a more pronounced effect on the results, especially on air particulates data. A third detonation conducted cy China 9 l
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES on 14 December u]78 produced no noticeable effects. This section briefly reviews information about the tests and the environmental effects as reported by the EPA (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978). The 17 September 1977 test had an estimated yield of 20 kilotons and injected radioactive debris into the upper troposphere (30,000 to 40,000 feet). The leading edge of the contaminated air mass passed over the western edge of the continental United States on 21 September 1977 and probably reached Michigan two days later. It caused elevated gross beta activities in sir particulates and elevated levels of iodine-131 in milk in nearly al] parts of the Uni?.ed States. The 14 March 1978 test had an estimated yield'of less than 20 kilotons. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-tion predicted that the fallout cloud would reach the United States on March 18. EPA gross beta resul s for air particulates indicated that the main body of the cloud had reached the central United States by 23 March 1978. Elevated levels of iodine-131 in milk were also detected throughout the United States. The 14 December 1978 test had an estimated yield of less than 20 kilotons. Results of measurements made by the EPA in response to this test are nou yet available. Data collected by Hazleton at seven sites in the North Central United States has not shown any elevated results attributable to fallout frem this test. Y 10 e we
HA2LETCN CNVIRCNMENTAL. SCIENCES B. Census of Milch Animals In compliance with the Environmental Technical Specifi-cations for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, the annual census of milch animals was conducted on 25 May 1978 by plant personnel. There were no known goats within a 15 mile radius of the station. Cow herds counted were: Moore Farm, 2.7 miles WSW of the station, 40 cows; Daup Farm, 5.4 miles SSE of the station, 25 cows; and Gaetes Farm, 5.5 miles WSW of the station, 30 cows. The Moore and Daup farms are indicator location T-8 and control location T-20, respectively. C. The Air Environment 1. Airborne Particulates Gross beta measurements yielded annual means that 3 were nearly identical at the five control locations (0.095 pCi/m ) 3 and at the six indicator locations (0.096 pCi/m ). The location with the highest annual mean (0.108 pCi/ 3) was control location T-9 at Oak Harbor, 6.8 miles SW of the station. j Gross beta activities at all locations were also statistically analyzed by months and quarters. The highest averages were for the month of March and the first and second quarters. The March peak in gross beta activity was due to fallout from the 14 March 1978 weapons test. Activity due to fallout prevented ob-servation of the normal spring peak in gross beta activity, which has been observed almost annually (1976 was an exception) for many years (Wilson et. al., 1969) and has been attributed to fallout of of nuclides from the stratosphere (Gold et. al., 1964). 11
MAzLaTON ENVIRONMENTAL. SCIENCES Strontium-90 annual mean activity was identical for indicator and control locations. Strontium-89 mean annual activity 3 was somewhat higher for indicator locations (0.00251 pCi/m ) than 3 for control locations (0.00169 pCi/m ). The highest strontium-89 and -90 activity was measured during the second quarter, and was due to the Chinese nuclear test conducted on 14 March 1978. Gamma spectroscopic analysis of quarterly composites of air particulate filters yielded nearly identical results for indicator and control locations. The predominant gamma-emitting isotope was beryllium-7 which is produced continuously in the upper atmosphere by cosmic radiation (Arnold and Al-Salih, 1955). Trace amounts of zirconium-95, niobium-95, ruthenium-10 3, ruthenium-106, cesium-137, and cerium-144 sere also detected in some samples. Activities of these isotopes reached their highest levels during the first and second quarter and then decreased for the remainder of the year. The higher activity of fission products was attributable to the spring nuclear test. There was no indication of a station effect on the data. 2. Airborne Iodine Weekly levels of airborne iodine-131 were equal to 3 or below the lower limit of detectirn (LLD) of 0.02 pCi/m through-out 1978. Only ten of 536 samples yielded detectable results 3 3 ranging from 0.02 0.01 pCi/m to 0.04 0.01 pCi/m. The c civity was detected approximately two weeks after the Chinese nuclear test conducted on 14 March 1978. 12
1 MA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 3. Ambient Gamma Radiation Monthly TLD's at the indicator locations measured a mean equivalent dose of 15.6 mrem /91 days at indicator locations and a mean of 17.7 mrem /91 days at control locations. These results were in agreement with the values obtained by quarterly TLD's. The highest annual means for mvnthly TLD's (19.9 mrem /91 days) and for quarterly TLD;s 20.4 mrem /91 days) occurred at control location T-24. The annual mean dose equivalent for all locations measured by monthly and quarterly TLD's was 16.3 mrem /91 days, and was similar to the dose measured in 1977 (16.8 mrem /91 days). This is slightly lower than the average natural background radiation for Middle America, 19.5 mrad / quarter.1 D. The Terrestrial Environment 1. Milk A total of 54 analyses for iodine-131 in milk were performed during the reporting period. All samples except one contained less than 0.5 pCi/l of iodine-131. The single exception was the milk sample collected on 11 April 1978 from the Daup Farm (T-20), 5.4 miles SSE of the station. The analysis yielded 0.8t0.2 pCi/l of iodine-131. The detected activity is attributable to the Chinese weapons test conducted on 14 Mrach 1978. 1 This estimate is based on data on pp. 71 and 108 of the report Natural Background Radiation in the United States (N ational Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 1975). The terrestrial absorbed dose (uncorrected for structural and body shielding) ranges frem 35 to 75 mrad /y and averages 46 mrad /y for Middle America. Cosmic radiation and~cosmogenic radionuclides contribute 32 mrad /y for an average of 78 mrad /y or 19.5 mrad / quartur. 13
q HAZLETON ENVIRCNMENTAL SCIENCES Strontium-89 was detected.in one of 54 milk samples. The value of 5.5 pCi/1 was detected in the milk sample collected on 6 February 1978 from control location T-24 (Toft's Dairy, 24.9 miles SE of the station). The. detected strontium-89 activity was attribu-table to the Chinese nuclear tests conducted in the fall of 1977. Strontium-90 activity was detected in 51 of 54 samples analyzed and ranged from 0.6 to 3.2 pCi/1. The ranges were similar at both control and indicator locations. The annual mean value for strontium-90 was slightly higher at the indicator locations (2.0 pCi/1) than at the control locations (1.81 pCi/1). The loca-tion with the highest mean (2.2 pCi/1) was control location T-24. The mean values were similar to those measured in 1977. The activities of Ba-140 were below the LLD for all samples collected. Results for cesium-137 and potassium-40 were nearly identical at control and indicator locations (4.2-4.5 pCi/l and 1340 - 1390 pCi/l for cesium-137 and potassium-40, respectively). Indicator location T-8 had the highest mean (4.5 pCi/1) for cesium-137 and for potassium-40 (1390 pCi/1). Since the chemistries of calcium and strontium, and potassium and cesium a're similar, organisms tend to deposit cesium-137 in' muscle and soft tissue and strontium-89 and -90 in bones. In order to detect potential environmental accumulation of these radionuclides, the ratios of the strontium-90 activity to the weight of calcium and of the cesium-137 activity to weight of stable potassium were monitored in milk. The measured concentrations of calcium and stable _ potassium were in agreement with previously 14
MA2L.ETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES determined values of 1.16 0.08 g/l and 1.50:0.21 g/1, respectively (National Center for Radiological Healuh, 1968). No statistically significant variations in the ratios were observed. 2. Groundwater (Well Water) Grcss beta activities in suspended solids were below the LLD of 0.3 pCi/l for all samples. Gross beta activities in dissolved solids averaged 4.1 pCi/l at the indicator locations and 2.8 pCi/l at the control location. The location with the highest annual mean was the indicator location T-7 and averaged 4.4 pCi/1. Four of eleven samples contained more than the LLD of 180 pCi/l of tritium. An activity of 320 pCi/l was detected at indicator location T-7. The mean value for all locations was 240 pCi/1. Strontium-89 activity was below the LLD of 2.0 pCi/l for all samples. There was one detectable strontium-90 activity, 1.5 pCi/1, collected at indicator location T-7. All samples were below the LLD of 3.7 pCi/l for cesium-137 activity. The activities detected in well water were not significant when compared with the LLD and were not attributable to the station operation. 3. Edible Meat In edible meat samples (chicken, raccocn, goose, and snapping turtle) the mean potassium-40 activity was 1.9 pCi/g 15
HA2LETON ENVIRONMLNTAL CCIENCZ3 wet weight for the indicator locations and 2.0 pCi/g wet weight for the control location. The difference was not statistically significant. All cesium-137 activities were below the LLD (0.02 pCi/g wet weight). 4. Fruits and Vecetables Strontium-89 activity was below the LLD of 0.008 3 pCi/gm wet weight for all samples. Strontium-90 activities averaged 0.0125 pCi/g wet weight at the indicator locations and 0.0180 pCi/g wet weight at the control location. All samples were collected in mid-July and early October. The strontium-90 activity detected was attributable to fallout from previous nuclear tests. The only gamma-emitting isotope detected was potassium-40. The mean activities were 2.1 pCi/g wet weight for indicator locations and 2.0 pCi/g wet weight for the control loca-tions. The activity detected was similar to that detected in 1977. All other gamma-emitting isotopes were below their respective LLD's. 5. Green Leafy Vecetables Green leafy vegetables (cabbage, cauliflower' leaves, lettuce, and celery) collected during harvest season were analyzed for iodine-131. All results were below the LLD of 0.01 pCi/g wet weight. All gamma-emitting isotopes, except potassium-40, were below their respective LLD's. Potassium-40 activity averaged 3.0 pCi/g wet weight and 2.3 pCi/g wet weight for indicator-and control locations, respectively. 16
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 6. Animal-Wildlife Feed In grass, smartweed, and silage the predominant gamma-emitting isotope was potassium-40. The annual mean for control location T-34 was higher (9.7 pCi/g wet weight) than the mean value for indicator locations (5.0 pCi/g wet weight). The cesium-137 level was 0.11 pCi/g wet weight in cmartweed collected at indicator location T-31 and 0.05 pCi/g wet weight in. grass collected at control location T-34. All other l gamma-emitting isotopes were below their respective LLD's. 1 7. Soil Soil samples were collected in June of 1978 and analyzed for gamma-emitting isotopes. The predominant activity was potassium-40 which had a mean of 19.7 pCi/g dry weight at indicator locatior and of 25.4 pCi/g dry weight at control loca-tiona. Cesium-137 was detected in seven of eight samples and cerium-144 was detected in one of eight samples analyzed. The mean activities of these isctopes ranged from 0.089 to 3.439 pCi/g dry weight. With the exception of cerium-144, which was detected at only one indicator location, the mean activities were higher at control locations (1.094 pCi/g versus 0.599 pCi/g dry weight). The highest cesium-137 activity, 3.439 pCi/g, was detected at the control location T-23, 14.3 miles SE of station. All other gamma-emitting isotopes were undetectable. l 17 l
HA2LETON NNVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES E. The Aquatic Environment 1. Water Samples - Treated In treated water samples the gross beta activity in suspended solids was belcw the LLD of 0.4 pCi/l at all locations. Gross beta activity in dissolved solids averaged 2.9 pCi/l at indicator locations and 3.2 pCi/l at control locations. The values are similar to those measured in 1975, 1976 and 1977. Annual mean tritium activity was identical at both indicator and control loca-tions. Strontium-89 and strontium-90 activities were below their respective LLD's of 2.0 pCi/1 and 0.9 pCi/1. Cesium-137 activity was below the LLD of 3.7 pCi/1. 2. Water Samples - Untreated In untreated water samples the mean gross beta activity in suspended solids was 2.5 pCi/l at indicator locations and 2.1 pCi/l at control locations. In dissolved solids the mean activity was 4.2 pCi/l at both indicator and control locations. For total residue the mean activities were 6.4 pCi/l at indicator locations and 5.4 pCi/l at control locations. None of these results show statistically significant differences between indicator and control locations. The mean tritium activity for indicator and control locations were nearly identical (310 pCi/1 and 320 pCi/1, respec-tively). These results were in agreement with those obtained for treated water. 18
m A $++%s> $<s# // 4 ,M eE Ev <e 1,e~ TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 'dEMLE e 83 HE a
== m bb l,l I.8 1.25 ] IA l 1.6 l = MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART
- 4
+4%
- %$y/h
%O,V 7
- d NNNN I//
/ \\ IMAGE EVALUATION NNNN TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 58E Ha y[yEla 1.1 L" LM El i 1.25 IA 1.6 4 6" MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART
- 4fAxf 4g,4y 4$ 4%
'4 h4 / 4,,,,,/ 7 -. = _
HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 1 Strontium-89 was below the LLD of 2.0 pCi/l for all samples, while strontium-90 was above the LLD of 0.9 pCi/l in four of fifteen samples. The mean strontium-90 activity was 1.0 pCi/l for indicator locations and 1.1 pCi/l for control locations. The measured values were similar to those obtained in 1977 and were not significantly different between indicator and control locations. Cesium-137 activity was below the LLD of 3.7 pCi/l for all locations. 3. Fish The mean gross beta activity in fish muscle was 2.46 pCi/g wet weight for indicator locations and 2.15 pCi/g wet weight for control locations. Potassium-40 and cesium-137 were the only ga=ma-emitting isotopes detected. The mean potassium-40 activity was 2.2 pCi/g wet weight for the indicator location and 2.1 pCi/g wet weight for the control location. The mean cesium-137 activity was 0.027 pCi/g wet weight for the indicator location and 0.035 pCi/g wet weight for the control location. The differences were not statistically significant. 4. Bottom Sediments The mean gross beta activity for bottom sedimente was 19.4 pCi/g dry weight for indicator locations and 11.7 pCi/g dry weight for the control location. The location with the highest mean was indicator location T-29 (19.8 pCi/g dr:r weight). Location T-30 had the highest mean potassium-40 activity (21.1 pCi/g dry weight) which was the major contributor to the gross beta activity at all locations. 19
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Strontium-89 activity was below the LLD of 0.0075 pCi/g dry weight for all locations. The mean strontium-90 activity was 0.027 pCi/g dry weight for indicator locations and 0.015 pCi/g for control location. The location with the highest mean was indicator location T (0.033 pCi/g). Cesium-137 activity was below the LLD of 0.06 pCi/g for control location and 0.15 pCi/g for indicator locations. 20
HA2LETON Ef4VIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ) 1 ) V. Methodology Figures and Tables 4 i l l l l 21
hN IIAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES NORTil8R00K, ILLIN0ls 60062 \\ @ Sampling locallon .. y-. i. Y ~*~ Slle boundary O6 g (D..}',p ). monnon pgg Ng'? ,i., D/SCHARGE \\ O /p 9 1 ,,+$f.' =.., L A K E v ,,Tae - - - \\. ourr.wasua noAo ..e# O.6 ml E
- /
E I h DAVIS-BESSE to .w .......... -, - + - sonnow ne NUCLEAR POWER STATION 1.Omi l lC I ') ]O i g L5 ml p L NAVARRE J MARSH usany
- v.-
3 l-,--m a %.-.m.-. r
- E.
N i $i.. '. 9.......: y. 1. a TOUSSAINT RIVER v. W. --.. ~__ :'* w ..:~.. f.. ;- c v. Figure 1. Sampling locations on the site periphery of the Davis-Desso Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1 O
/ g NN \\.\\ w North Bass i O g ., i g,.,, me. eai. i;, e' f@ E 0regon 2.., states I T South Boss 1.. I
- v.,,
.4 SITE . '..k. Kelleys 1. N \\- Y ( r* 58 8 r ,g.i-( L, vra I... as @ m,, :.. ..Q g,,,,r
- oouiio, 20
@M . ' t cil lon -l/ 4 ~ 50 t',. [ F .1 .%* d*
- lOml In pi,
o
- 8,..
I ,..e 24 g .s. u 54 6 Sandusky ,I,, Dowling Green 5 mL / I'- M N1 80 ~ s 'g>e j [' 0 F N 20ml fictnont o 25:nl i N Norwa, y c 30ml IIAZLETON ENVIRONME!1 TAT. SCIENCES h' i y NORTilBROOK, ILLINOIS 600G2 Fosforlo Figure 2. Sampling locations (excepting those on the site periphery), Davis-Ilesso nuclea Power Station, Unit No. 1. i e-
HA2LETON ENVIRONMENTAL. CCCNC2O Table 1. Sampling locations, Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, Unit No. 1. Type of Code Location" Location T-1 I Site boundary, 0.6 miles NE of station, near intake canal. T-2 I Site boundary, 0.9 miles E of station. T-3 I Site boundary, 1.4 miles SE of station, near Toussaint River and storm drain. T-4 I Site boundary, 0.8 miles S of station, near Locust Point and Toussaint River. T-5 I Main entrance to site, 0.25 miles W of station. T-7 I Sand Beach, 0.9 miles NNW of station. T-8 I Earl Moore Farm, 2.7 miles WSW of station. T-9 C Oak Harbor, 6.8 miles SW of station. T-11 C Port Clinton, 11.5 miles SE of station. T-12 C Toledo, 23.5 miles WNW of station. T-17 I Irv Fick's well onsite, 0.7 miles SW of station. T-20 C Daup Farm, 5.4 miles SSE of station. T-23 C Put-In-Bay Lighthouse, 14.3 miles ENE of station. T-24 C Sandusky, 24.9 miles SE of station. T-25 I Winter Farm, 1.3 miles S of station. T-27 C Magee Marsh, 5.3 miles WNW of station.
- T-28 I
Unit 1 treated water supply, onsite. T-29 I Lake Erie, Intake area, 1.5 miles NE of station. T-30 I Lake Erie, discharge area, 0.9 miles ENE of station. 1 T-31 I Onsite. I i 24
HAZLETON ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 't Table 1. (continued) Type of " Code I.ccation Location T-32 I Land, within 5 miles radius of station. T-33 I Lake Erie, within 5 miles radius of station. T-34 C Land, greater than 10 miles radius of station. T-35 C Lake Erie, greater than 10 miles radius of station. T-36 I Miller Farm, 3.7 miles S of station (or the private garden or farm having the highest X/Q). T-37 C Fruit stand, 12.0 miles SW of station (or the farm 10 to 20 miles from the site in the least prevalent wind direction). I = Indicator locations; C = Control locations. 25
Table 2. Type and frequency of collection. Sampling Location Type Weekly Monthly Quarterly Semi-Annually Annually 1 I AP AI TLD TLD SO 2 I AP AI TLD TLD SO 3 I AP AI SWU TLD TLD SO 4 I AP AI TLD .ab SO I 5 I TLD TLD 7 I AP AI TLD TLD WW SO 8 I AP AI TLD M" TLD V[ AP SO 9 C AP AI TLD TLD SO O 11 C AP AI SWU SWT TLD SO 2 12 C AP AI SWU SWT TLD TLD SO m 17 I WW 2 20 C M" h 23 C AP AI TLD TLD SO O 24 C TLD M" TLD 2 25 I V[ E 27 C AP AI TLD TLD WW BS SO m h 28 I SWU SWT 29 I BS P h 30 I BS 31 I WL SMW n 32 I ME iii d 33 I P WP ST 2 34 C ME VE A d m 35 C P FA 36 I GLV 37 C GLV Semi-monthly during the grazing season, May through October. '1wo varieties from each location. Cattlefeed collected during the 1st quarter, grass collected during 3rd quarter. 'iko species from each location. 1
HA2LETON ENVIRCNMENTAL SCIENCES Table 3. Sample codes used in Table 2. Code Description AP Airborne Particulate AI Airborne Iodine TLD (M) Thermoluminescent Dosimeter - Monthly TLD (Q) Thermoluminescent Dosimeter - Quarterly SWU Surface Water - Untreated SWT Surface Water - Treated (tap) WW Well Water (Ground Water) BS Bottom Sediments SO Soil M Milk ME Domestic Meat WL Wildlife F Fish VE Fruits and Vegetables SMW Smartweed AF Animal Feed (silage, grain, grass) WF Waterfowl ST* Snapping Turtle GLV Green Leafy Vegetables 27
Table 4. Sanpling sumnury. Collection Nurbe r o f Nunbe r o f Sanple Type and Nunber of Sanples Samples Type Frequency" Inca ti ons Collected Missed Remarks Ai r Enviromrent Airborne particulates C/W 11 561 11 See text p. Airborne iodine C/W 11 560 12 See text p. TI.D 's C/M 13 156 0 C/Q 13 52 0 Terrertrial Environment Mili (May-Oct.) G/SM 3 36 0 (Nov. - Ap r. ) G/M 3 10 0 Groundwate r G/O 3 11 1 See text p. Edible neat 2 a. Dopestic neat G/SA 2 4 0 IIIf
- b. Wildli fe G/SA 1
2 0 (one species) g
- c. Wa te r fowl G/A 1
1 0 0 g
- d. Snapping turtle G/A 1
1 0 2 Fruits and Vegetables G/SA 3 12 0 l (two varieties from E h each location) Green leafy vegetables G/M 2 6 0 P (during harvest season) g Animal-wildli fe feed n
- a. Cattlefeed G/A 2
2 0 Collected 1st Q E
- b. Grass G/A 2
2 0 Collected 3rd Q 2 h c. Suurtweed G/A 1 1 0 Soil G/A 11 17 0 See text p. 14 Aquatic Environment b Treated surface water G/WM 3 156 0 b lintreated surface water G/WM 3 143 13 See text p. D G/IIM 1 52 0 Pish (two species) G/SA 2 8 0 Dottoin sediments G/SA 3 6 0 Type of collection is coded as follows: C/ = continuoust G/== g rab. Frequency is coded as follows : /ItM = hourly grab couposited monthly; /WM = weekly grab conposited monthly; /W = weekly; /SM = semi-nonthly; /H = nonthly; /Q = quarterly; /SA = semi-annually; /A = annually. Sauples are sent to laboratory weekly.
T.ble 5. tuvironmental Radiological mnitoring Program suamary. Han.e of facility Davis-IMshe Nuclear h)wer Station Docket No. 50-346 location of f actTity DWasaTDfino Reporting RIo3' January - tucember 1978 (county, state) lii31cator location with Highest Control Sample Type and locations Annual Nan locations Number of Typo Husher of N an(F)c Mean(F) Me an (P) non-routine (Unitu) Analysos LLD Range Incation Range Rengo Results" a c d w I Ai s teorno CB 555 0.001 0.096 (304 /304) T-9 Oak Hast>or 0.108 (51/51) 0.095 (251/251) 0 Particylates (0.015-0.646) 6.8 mi SW (0.013-0.669) (0.007-0.669) (pC1/m") Sr-89 8 0.00000 0.00251 (3/4) NA9 0.00169(2/4) 0 (0.00017-0.00659) (0.00390-0.00348) 0 0 St-90 0 0.00008 0.00116 (4/4) NA 0.00116 (4/4) (0.00027-0.00215) (0.00031-0.00217) 2 y sem 0 be-7 0.002 0.098 (4/4) NA 0.101 (4/4) 0 mg (0.077-0.108) (0.089-0.116) g K-40 0.006 (Lib NA (LLD 0 E O to Hb-95 0.0005 0.0052 (2/4) NA 0.0051 (2/4) 0 2 g (0.0044-0.0060) (0.0041-0.0060) g tr-95 0.002 0.005 (1/4) NA (LLD 0 E 2 -i Ru-103 0.0008 0.0074 (2/4) NA 0.012 (1/4) 0 D (0.0018-0.0130) T" Ru-106 0.005 0.014 (3/4) NA 0.016 (1/4) (0.009-0.018) ..m Cs-134 0.0004 (LLD NA (LLD 0 2 i O Cs-137 0.0003 0.0022 (4/4) NA 0.0024 (4/4) O m (0.0009-0.0034) (0.0007-0.0043) gl 1 i i
Table 5. (continued) Name of facility Dayle-Besso Nuclear Power st at inn Indicator Location witOfffhest contr'l S.asi le Ty and Locations Annual Mean 14 cat no Number of Ty e Hum. r of Huan (f) Nan (f) Nan %MM M b funits) Analyses
- L1 D tunge la ation Itange Rat Results 7
Airborno co-141 0.001 0.011 (1/4) NA Particy)lates 0.010 (1/4) O IpC1/m* { cont. Co-144 0.0016 0.017 (4/4) NA (0.003-0.030) 0.019 (4/4) 0 (0.004-0.035) Airborne I-131 540 0.02 0.03 (5/297) T-2 0.9 mi E, T-3 0.04 (5/246) 0.03 (5/243) 0 2 Iodine (pci/m3) (0.02-0.04) 1.4 mi SE, T-7 0.9 (0.02-0.04) at NNil, T-9 6.8 al e SW, T-11 9.5 mi SE E2 TLD Gamma 156 2 15.6 (84/84) T-24 Toft's Dairy' Nathly (aremo 19.9 (12/12) 17.7 (72/72) 0 qua r to s s (14.3-16.2) sandusky "o 24.9 mi SE (17.4-23.2) (15.7-19.9) I T-24 Tof t's Dairy, O TLD Gamma 51 2 14.9 (27/27) sandusky 20.4 (4/4) 17.1 (24/24) 0 Ouarterly 2 (stumVqua r te r) (9.6-20.2) 24.9 mi gE (18.8-21.2) (12.1-21.9) {g Milk I-131 54 0.5 (LLD T-20 Daup Farm 0.8 (1/10) 0.8 (1/36) O (pci/1) 7 5.4 al sse p sr-89 54 3.0 (LLD T t's Dairy, 5.5 (1/14) 5.5 (1/36), 0 (A p 24.9 mi SE O Sr-90 54 1.1 2.0 (10/10) T-24 Toft's Dairy, 2.2 (17/18) 1.01 (33/36) 0. E (0. 6-3. 2 ) Sandusky 11.5-3.1) (0. 6 - 3.1) 2 y scan 54 24.9 m1 SE O5 K-40 70 1390 (18/18) T-8 Earl Moore 1390 (10/18) 1340 (36/36) 0 M (1290-1470) Farm (1290-1470) (1250-1410) 2.7 at WSW 4 l e
B 4 Table 5. (continued) Namo of facility Davis-besse Nuclear hwar Station Isulica tor Location with tilghost Control Sample Tynso and I4 cations Annual Hoan Locations Numlace of Tygna Numiser of Hean(f) Hean (f) Haan (f) non routlne b (Units) Analyses" r.LD H.inge Location Range Range Results Milk (cont.) Cs-137 3.8 4.5 (4/le) 7-e Earl Moore 4.5 (4/13) 4.2 (7/36) 0 D (pci/1) (4.1-5.4) Farm (4.1-5.4) (3.5-5.4) 2.7 mi WSW Ba-140 3.7 (LLD (Lib 0 dO (g/1) ca 54 0.01 1.le (1e/1a) T-e Earl Moore 1.le (le/le) 1.15 (36/36) 0 Z (1.09-1.3e) r.rm (1.09-1.3a) (0.92-1.59) 2.7 mi WSW (9/1) K (stable) 54 0.04 1.58 (18/le) T-s Earl Moore 1,58 (le/le) 1.53 (16/36) 0 (1.47-1.67) rarm (1.47-1.67) (1.42-1.60) j 2.7 mi WsW (141/9) ar-90/Ca 54 0.9 1.75 (17/Is) g T-24 Toft had"*p,,'sDaly, 2.0 (17/18) 1.66 (31/36) 0 2 (0.9-2.9) (t.3-2.2) (0.9-2.73 g (gC1/g) fs-137/K 54 2.6 2.9 (3/10) T-20 Daup Fara 3.0 (3/10) 2.9 (6/36) 0 m (2 7-3.4) 5.4 mi SSE (2.6-3.6) (2.6-3.6) g Well Water 3D (SS) 11 0.3 (Lla (LLD 0 (pC1/1) p la (DS) 11 1 4.1 (7/7) T-7 Sand Beach 4 4 (3/3) 2.8 (2/4) 0 U) (3.0-5.5) 0.9 mt NNW (3.0-5.5) (1. 7 3,s) O
- a (TH) 11 1
4.1 (7/7) T-7 Sand Beacts 4.4 (3/3) 2.0 (2/4) 0 ( 3. 0-5. 5 ) 0.9 mi NNW (3.0-5.5) (1. 7-3. e ) t-3 11 le0 240 (4/7) 7-7 Sand Beach 280 (2/3) (LLD 0 E (1s0-320) 0.9 a,1 NNW (240-320) U ir-e9 11 2.0 (LLD (LLD 0 i s
Table 5. (continued) Name of fac!!!Ly Davis-Bosse Nuclear Power St at ion Indicator Imcation with Highest Control Sample Type and Incations Annual Hean Imcations Number of Typo Humbor of Haan(f) Mean(f) Moan (f) non-routine a b (unies) Analysos Lt.D Bange Locatton Rango mange Results I uell W.atur Sr-90 11 1.4 1.5. (1/7) T-7 Sand peach 1.5 (1/3) (LID 0 (cont.) e 0.9 at NNW y scan 11 Cs-137 3.7 (LLD (LLD 0 0 2 tilable Heat y scan 8 (pC1/g) E K-40 0.1 1.9 (6/6) T-31 Onsite 2.0 (3/3) 2.0 (2/2) 0 2 (1.5-2,1) 0.6 pai HE (1.6-2.7) (1.3-2.6) ( Cs-137 0.02 (LID (LLD 0 Fruits and Sr-09 12 0.000) (LLD ( Lab 0 2 vegetables { g g (pCi/g wet) Sr-90 12 0.0040 0.0125 (6/8) T-25 Winter Farm 0.0201 (3/4) 0.0140 O /43 0 g (0.0010-0.0336) 1.3 mi S (0.0010-0.0336) (0.0015-0.0409) y scan 12 2 K-40 0.1 2.1 (8/8) 7-25 Winter Farm 2.2 (4/4) 2.0 (4/4) O p ( 1. 0 - 3. 9 ) 1.3 mi S (1.0-3.6) (0.9-2.8) U) Hb-95 0.01 (LLD (LLD 0 0 2r-95 0.04 (LLD ( LtD 0 Hu-106 0.1 (LID ( LID. O O M Cs-137 0.01 (LLD (LLD 0 0 Ce-141 0.04 (LLD (LLD 0 Cc-144 0.07 (LID (LLD 0 4 1 j
z Tablu 5. (continued) 4Lamo of f.acillty Davis-Besso Nuclear Iwer Station inJIcator Location with isighest Control Samtale Type and locations Annual Mean Locations Number of Typo Hunt or of Mean (f) Moan (f) Mean(f) non-routine a b (Unita) Analysos 1.LD Range Location Rango Rango Results I Green 14aty 1-1 31 6 0.01 (LLQ (LLD 0 Vegetables (pci/g wat) y scan. 6 K-40 0.1 3.0 (3/3) T-36 Miller Farm 3.0 (3/3) 2.3 (3/3) O -4 (1.7-4.s) 3.7 mi s (1.7-4.e) (1.3-4.11 0 Z Nb-95 0.009 (LLD (LLD 0 fil Z1-95 0.02 (Ltm (Lia 0 2< Cs-137 0.01 (LLD (LLD 0 D Co-141 G.02 (LLD (LLD 0 0 2 Ce-144 0.07 (LLD (LLD 0 g g Animal - y scan 5 E Wild 11to Fued 2 (pci/g wet) Be-7 0.2 (LLD LLD 0 E-40 0.1 5.0 (3/3) T-34 Land 9.7 (2/2) 9.7 (2/2) 0 I (2.6-6.7) 25 mi SE (5.0-14.4) (5.0-14.4) gg O Hb-35 0.03 (LLD (LLD 0 4 Ill It-95 0.04 (LLD "LLD 0 2n i Hu-}03 0.03 (LLD (LLD 0 m 4 l2 Ru-106 0.2 (LLD (LLD 0 Cs-137 0.03 0.11 (1/3) T-31 Site boundary 0.11 (1/1) 0.05 (1/2) 0 0.6 mi NE i d 6
Tablo 5. (continued) Nam.e of f acility Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station Indicator Location with Highest Control Sample Type and Imcatione Annual Hean Locations Number of Type Number of Mean(f) Mean (g) Mdan(f) non-routine a l junits) Analysem gtga Rango Location Range Hango Results I Animal - Co-141 0.00 (LLD (LLD 0 tilldli fe Feed (pCi/g wut) Ce-144 0.2 0.8 (1/3) T-31 Site 1,oundar) 0.0 (1/1) (LLD 0 (cont.) 0.6 mi NE Soil r scan 11 O (pci/g dry) 2 Bo-7 6.7 (!LD (LLD 0 g K-40 0.1 19.74 (6/6) T-9 Oak Harbor 36.72 (1/1) 25.41 (5/5) 0 2 (14.67-29.40) 6.8 mi SW (10.11-36.72) $n zr-95 0.s4 (uD (a0 0 0 2 Nu-95 0.4e (Lm (Lm 0 Bu-103 1.0 (LLD (LLD 0 ~ Zg j Ru-106 0.40 ( LID (LLD 0 b Cs-137 0.024 0.599 (5/6) T-23 Put-in-Bay 3.439 (1/1) 1.094 (5/5) O p (0.091-1.879) Lighthouse (0.049-3.439) 14.3 mi ENE II) O Co-141 7.6 (LLD T-11 Port Clinton 21.5 (1/1) 21.5 (1/5) 0 9.5 mi SE 7 4 Cu-144 0.50 0.77 (2/6) T-1 Sit'e boundary 0.93 (1/1) (LLD 0 O (0.60-0.93) 0.6 mi NE E lll Treated GB (SS) 36 0.4 (LLD (LLD 0 Surface Water (pci/1) CIA (DS) 36 0.4 2.9 (12/12) T-11 Port Clinton 3.6 (12/12) 3.2 (24/24) 0 (2.2-4.6) tap water (2.5-4.9) (2.1-4.9) 9.5 mi SE O
Table 5. (continued) Hame of facility Davis-Deaso Nucle ar Power St at ion Indicator Location with Illghost Control Sample Type and Locations Annual Mean Locations HonJ2er of Typo Hanbar of He.an (f) Huan (f ) Hoan(f) non-routine 8 U (ttn i t s) Analysos LLD hanga Location Dango Dange Results "r h Treated Cu (TH) 36 0.4 2.9 (12/12) T-11 Port Clinton 3.6 (12/12) 3.2 (24/24) 0 Surface ldater (2.2-4.6) tap water (2.5-4.9) (2.1-4.9) N (pci/1) g,$,1 gg (cont.) is-3 12 180 200 (4/4) 2s0 (e/s) 0 (250-310) (200-370) O 2 m 2 sr-89 12 2.0 (LLD <LLD 0 { St-90 12 0.9 (LLD (LLD 0 / scan 12 2 W { U Co-137 3.7 (LLD (LLD 0 gg thit r e a t ed Gu (SS) 45 0.5 2.5 (18/21) 7-3 Lake Erie, 3.4 (9/9) 2.1 (14/24) 0 Surface Idater (0.5-7.0) site boundary, (1.0-7.0) (0.6-5.4) (141/1) 1.4 mi SE of Toussaint R. and I storm drain (/l O GB (DS) 45 0.5 4.2 (21/21) 7-3 Lake Erie, 5.1 (9/9) 4.2 (24/24) o g (1.0-8.6) mite boundary, (3.1-8.6) (2.2-7.6) 1.4 mi SE of 2 Toussaint R. and O storia drain IUM GB (TH) 45 0.5 6.4 (21/21) T-3 Lake Erie, 8.5 (9/9) 5.4 (24/24) 0 (2. 3-15. 6 ) site boundary, it.6-15:6) ( 3.0-13. 0 ) 1.4 mi SE of Toussaint. R. and stora drain
f, Davia-Deuse Nuclear l'ower Station ggggy Indicator location witli~Iifghust Control Sample Type and 14 cations Annual Hean Locations HtmJ2ar of Typo Hunt.or of Henn(f) Huan(f) Maan(f) non-routino b (Units) Analyses" LLD Ras.go Location Rango Range lau sul t s Untruated 61 - 3 15 170 310. (//7) T-11 Port Clinton 340 (4/4) 320 (8/8) O Surface Water (170-4PO) water intake (320-390) (180-41nt (pC1/1) 9.5 mi SE (cont.) Sr-89 15 2.0 (LLD (LLD 'O O Sr-90 15 0.9 1.0 (3/7) T-12 'Italedo water 1.1 (1/4) 1.1 (1/0) '0 7 (0.9-1.2) intake 23.5 mi telW m 2 y scan 15 g Cm-137 3.7 <tLD <LLD 4 EO rish cu 8 0.02 2.46 (4/4) T-33 Lako Erie 2.46 (4/4) 2.15 (4/4) 0 2 ta (pC1/9 wet) (1.78-2.98)
- 1. 5 mi N E (1.78-2.$8)
(1.31-3.67) m y scan 8 m2 x-40 0.1 2.2 (4/4) T-33 rake Erie 2.2 (4/4) 2.1 (4/4) 0 -{ (2.0-2.4) 1.5 mi HE (2.0-2.4) (1.6-2.5) >r Cs-137 0.009 0.02' (3/4) T-35 take Eriu 0.035 (3/4) 0.035 (3/4) 0 g {0.. 1-0.0 31) 15 mi NE (0.012-0.050) (0.012-0.050) g nottom CB 6 1.4 19.4 (4/4) T-29 Lake Eriu, 19.8 (2/2) 11.7 (2/2) O M Sudimnts (12.9-25.2) intake.srea (19.7-19.9) (10.2-13.1) 2 (pci/9 day) 1.5 al HE () N St-89 6 0.0075 (LLD (LLD 0 ,3 St-90 6 0.008 0.027 (4/4) T-29 Lake Erie, 0.033 (2/2) 0.015 (2/2) 0 (0.014-0.033) intako area (0.009-0.021)
- 1. 5 m' i N E, l
Table 5. (cont inued) Hamo of facility Davis-Desse Nuclear Power Station Indfcator location wilOTU; host control san.ple Type and Locations Annual Hoan Locations Huuber of Typo Wmber of Mcanlf) Huan [f} Mean(f) non-routine a D --(Units) Analysos Lt D taange Location Range Rangu hMts hottom y scan 6 I Sudimen t s ) (pci/g dry) E-40 0.1 20.6 (4/4) T-30 Lako Erie, 21.1 (2/2) 16.1 (2/2) 0 (cont.) (16.2-26.0) dischssgo area (16.2-26.0) 0.9 st! WNW D Cs -1 D 0.06 0.15 (3/4) T-29 Lake Erie 0.20 (2/2) (11D 0 (0.06-0.27) intake area (0.13-0.27) 2 1.5 mi HE E2 b Cu - gross beta, SS = suspended solids, DS = dissolved solids, TH = total residue. 3 LtD = ncuainal lower limit of detection based on 3 sigma counting error for background sample. 8 Mean based upon detectable measurements only. O Fraction of detectable measurements at specified locations is indicated LJ in parentheses (F). 4 d 7 Locations are specified by station code (Table 1) and distance (miles) .Non-soutino results are those which exceed ten times the control station value.and direction relative to reactor site. Sie collection periods.Ith low m results have been excluded in the detetaination of the scans and ranges of gross beta 2 in air particulates. These results were unreliable due to apparent pump malfunction. U Oaarterly compo=itva of all samples from indicator locations and control locations were ga:mna scanned separately. .( Thus, the location with the highest annual moan cdnnot be identified, b I' Twun t y r e a u1 L a have been eacluded in the. termination of the means and ranges of airborna loJine-131. f Those results have been excluded due to apparent pump malfunction or low volume. g i Q m 2nm (A
HAZLETON CNVIRCNMENTA1. CCCNCCG VI. References Cited Arnold, J. R. and H. A. 11-Salih, 1955. Beryllium-7 Produced by Cosmic Rays. Science 121: 451-453.
- Gold, S.,
H. W. Barkhau,
- 3. Shlein, and B.
Kahn, 1964. Measurement of Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Air, in the Natural Radiation Environment, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 369-382. NALCO Environmental Sciences, 1976a. Preoperational Environmental Monitoring for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Ebwer Plant, Oak Harbor, Ohio. Semi-Annual Report, January - June, 1976. 1976b. Preoperational Environmental Monitoring for the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Plant, Oak Harbor, Ohio, Semi-Annual Report, July - December, 1976. 1978. Preoperational and Operational Radiological Monitoring for the Davis -Desse Nuclear Power Station, Oak Harbor, Ohio, Annual Report. January - December 1977. National Center for Radiological Health, 1968. Section 1. Milk and Food. Radiological Health Data and Reports. Vol. 9, November 12, 730-746. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1978. Environmental Radiation Data, Report 12 (April 1978) and Report 14 (October 1978). Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility, Montgomery, Alabama. Wilson, D. W., G. M. Ward, and J. E. Johnson, 1969. In Environ-mental Contamination by Radioactive Materials, International Atomic Energy Agency, p. 125. 38
SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE AND STUDY ACTIVITIES
x.an a i l. 4 e i
w 4 h w XVIII SECTION 4.1 OPERATIONAL NOISE SURVEILLANCE v a v}}