ML19329C281
| ML19329C281 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Davis Besse  |
| Issue date: | 02/28/1979 |
| From: | Herdendorf C, Herdendorf P OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS, OH |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML19329C282 | List: |
| References | |
| 102, NUDOCS 8002120991 | |
| Download: ML19329C281 (38) | |
Text
.
CLEAR TECHNICAL REPORT NO.102 i
i LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM IN THE VICINITY OF THE DAVIS-BESSE NUCLEAR POWER STATION FOR 1978 Environmental Technical Specifications Sec. 3.1.1.a.1 Water Quality Analysis Prepared by
)
Chw.rles E. Herdendorf and Patricia
- 8. Herdendorf Prepared for Toledo Edt'$on Company Toledo, Ohio Contract No. 28533 THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR LAKE ERIE AREA RESEARCH COLUMBUS, OHIO February 1979
LIST OF FIGURES Page 1.
Sampling Stations at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.........
1" 2.
Mean Monthly Hydrogen Ion, Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen Measurements for Lake Erie at Locust Point During 1978...............
18 3.
Mean Monthly Turbidity, Suspended Solids, and Transparency Measurements for Lake Erie at Locust Point During 1978 19 4.
Mean Monthly Calcium, Chloride and Sulfate Concentrations in Lake Erie at Locust Point During 1978 20 5.
Mean Monthly Nitrate, Phosphorus, and Silica Concentrations in Lake Erie at Locust Point During 1978 21 6.
Mean Monthly Alkalinity, Dissolved Solids and Conductivity Measurements for Lake Erie at Locust Point During 1978 22 7.
Trends in Mean Monthly Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Hydrogen Ion Measurements for Lake Erie at Locust Point for the Period 1972-1978 23 8.
Trends in Mean Monthly Conductivity, Alkalinity and Turbidity Measurements for Lake Erie at Locust Point for the Period 1972-1978..........
23 9.
Trends in Mean Monthly Transparency and Phosphorus Measurements for Lake Erie-at Locust Point for the Period 1972-1978 24
)
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Procedures 1
Fi el d Mea s uremen ts...................
1 Laboratory Determinations 1
Results...........................
1 Analysis 2
Seasonal Variations 2
Sta ti on Va ri a ti ons...................
3 Water Quality Trends..................
3 Tables 4
Figures.............
16 LIST OF TABLES 1.
Analytical Methods for Water Quality Determinations...
5 2.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for May 1978......
6 3.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for June 1978 7
4 Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for July 1978 8
5.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for August 1978 9
6.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for September 1978...
10 7.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for October 1978....
11 8.
Lake Erie Water Quality Analyses for November 1978 12 9.
Solar Radiation Measurements At Lccust Point in 1978 13
- 10. Mean Values and Ranges for Water Quality Parameters Tested in 1978 14 Summary of June to November 1978 Solar Radiation 1.
Measurements at Locust Point..
15
3.1.1.a.1 Water Quality Analysis Procedures Water quality samples were collected and related sensor measurements were made at six stations (Fig.1) in Lake Erie during the ice-free period of 1978 (tiay through November). Because of the severe winter of 1977-78, spring sampling was delayed until May. The nineteen parameters measured and the analytical methods employed for these determinations are listed in Table 1.
Field tieasurements. Water quality measurements were made monthly in the field at Stations 1, 8, and 13 (Fig.1).
Temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity were measured from a small survey boat with sub-merged sensors and shipboard readout meters.
Dissolved oxygen was deter-mined with a YSI model 51 meter and conductivity with a Beckman RB3-3341 solubridge temperature-compensated meter; each meter was equipped with a thermistor for temperature readings. Sensor readings were taken 10 cm be-low the surface and approximately 50 cm above the bottom. Transparency was determined with-a 30 cm diameter Secchi disk lowered on a marked line until it was no longer visible (Welch,1948, Limnology, McGraw-Hill).
Solar radiation was measured at four stations (1, 3, 8, and 13) from June to November with a Protomatic underwater photometer, at the surface and at one-half meter depth intervals. This meter measures the amount of sun-light, expressed in foot-candles, reaching various depths. lial functions of this meter were detected in May and July 1978.
Laboratory Determinations. Surface and bottom (50 cm above) water samples were taken at Stations 1, 8, and 13 with a 3-liter Kemmerer sampler at the same time that field measurements were being made. These samples were placed in polyethylene containers and taken to the labora-tory for analysis; in most cases, analyses were completed within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> of the sampling time.
Fifteen water quality parameters (Table 1) were determined ir the Toledo Edison Company chemical laboratory using the procedures prescribed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,14th Edition (American Public Health Association,1975),
"ASTtt Standards, Part 23, Water" (American Society for Testing and Mate-rials,1973); and Water Analysis Procedures (U.S. Environmental Protec-tion Anency,1974).
1 1
Results j
The results of the monthly 1978 water quality determinations at i
Stations 1, 8, and 13 are presented in Tables 2-8.
The results of solar radiation measurements at Stations 1, 3, 8, and 13 are given in Table 9.
liean annual values and ranges for the monthly water quality determinations (May through November) are listed in Table 10 and a summary of solar radi-ation means and ranges are presented in Table 11. The monitoring stations j
i i
e-6
^.
were selected to characterize Lake Erie water quality at several areas within the vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station. Station 1 is only 500 feet offshore and is positioned to monitor nearshore water masses. Station 3 is located 2000 feet offshore and is used as a control station for the power station discharge which is located 3000 feet to the southeast.
Station 8 is 3000 feet offshore and Station 13 is 1500 feet offshore; these stations are located in the vicinity of the power station water int e and discharge, respectively. All of these stations lie within Excepted -rea "B" for Lake Erie water quality standards, established by the Ohio Environmental Protection ~ Agency in 1978. Pesults of the 1978 monitoring program indicated that none of the parameters examined exceeded the Ohio EPA standards.
Analysis Seasonal Variations. The quality of the water in the vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Prwer Station during the period May through July 1978 was typical for the south shore of western Lake Erie and showed normal sea-sonal trends. Average temperature rose nearly ISOC from early flay to late June, then varied only 30C until mid-September, and finally dropping over 100C by mid-October (Fig. 2). Average dissolved oxygen concentrations fell i
from over 12 ppm in May to a low of 7.4 ppm in late June, then rose again l
to over 12 ppm in early November (Fig. 2). Hydrogen-ion concentrations re-mained fairly stable throughout the year with the average pH varying only 0.6 units. A slight rise in pH was noted during June and the late summer months corresponding to higher levels of primary production by phytoplank-ton species (Fig. 2).
Mild turbulence in late spring and early fall is reflected by the higher turbidity and suspended solids measurements for these periods (Fig.
3). The decreased sediment load during the summer months accounts for the higher transparency readings in June and July (Fig. 3). A 3-fold improve-ment in the water clarity was noted between May and August and a corres-ponding 2-fold decrease in clarity was observed from A.ugust to November.
Biochemical. oxygen demand levels were relatively low during the year, even during periods of high turbidity, indicating that the suspended material was largely of an inorganic nature. Slightly elevated BOD values in Octo-ber correspond with the fall plankton pulse. Major dissolved ions, in-ciuding calcium, chloride and sulfate, yielded the highest concentrations in the spring with a gradual decrease through the summer and early fall (Fig. 4). Sulfate showed a significant increase in November but the other major ions remained fairly stable.
In'a like manner, biological nutri-ents, such as phosphorus, nitrate and silica, has the highest concentra-tions in the spring, but they decreased markedly through the summer and early fall. This decrease is attributed to the utilization of these nu-trients by photosynthesizing plankton.
In November, when primary produc-tion was at a lower rate, nitrate concentration rose to much higher levels (Fig. 5). Alkalinity,~largely due to bicarbonate ions, total dissolved solids and conductivity, all of which are measures of dissolved materials in the water were relatively stable through the year, showing slightly higher values in the spring and slightly lower in the fall (Fig. 6).
In June 1978, the dissolved oxygen concentration dropped to 5.7 ppm (Station 13), the lowest value recorded during the 1978 monitoring pro-gram. This represents improvement over the lowest concentration observed in 1977 and is consistent with concentration measured earlier in the pro-gram:
Year 00 Range 1974 5.7-14.1 ppm 1975 7.2-13.6 1976 S.0-12.5 1977 3.0-12.2 1978 5.7-12.5 The International Joint Commission recommends a minimum D0 level of 6.0 ppm for Lake Erie water (U.S.-Canada Water Quality Agreement of 1978).
However, Ohio EPA (1978) has established a minimum 00 standard of 4.0 ppm for the nearshore waters of Lake Erie within the vicinity of the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station.
Station Variations. Stations,1, 8, and 13 are located approximately 500, 3,000, and 1,500 feet offshore, respectively.
In general, no consis-tent significant difference in water quality was noted between stations.
A slight depression in the dissolved oxygen concentration was noted at Station 13 for June in comparison to the other stations. Conductivity values were also slightly higher at this station for a few months. This may be related to the proximity of the power station discharge. However, no elevation in water temperature was noted at Station 13 in relation to the other stations. Solar radiation, suspended solids and turbidity mea-surements indicated a general increase in water clarity from the most in-shore station (1) to the most offshore station (8), but differences are normally small.
Differences between the surface and bottom water quality were also slight because of the shallowness of this portion of Lake Erie (2.0-4.5 meters). Some depression in the level of D0 and small increases in the concentrations of suspended and dissolved materials were noted near the bottom. This may be due to the high oxygen demands of the sediments and the disturbance of these sediments by currents and wave action.
Water Quality Trends. The Ohio State University, Center for Lake Erie Area Research initiated water quality studies at Locust Point in July 1972. Over the past six years most parameters have shown typical seasonal trends with only small variations from year to year.
Trends for eight water quality parameters from July 1972 through November 1978 are shown on Figures 7, 8, and 9.
Temperature and dissolved oxygen show normal seasonal trends for each year with only minor variations from one year to the next or over the-entire period.
D0 appears to have under-gone more depletion in 1976 and 1977 than in previous years or in 1978.
Hydrogen-ion concentration (pH) and alkalinity remained fairly stable over the period.
Transparency, turbidity, phosphorus and conductivity have shown some radical variations which are probably due to storms and dredging activities that have disturbed the bottom sediments. Phos-phorus levels were low in 1977 and 1978, compared to earlier years.
In general however, no significant deviations from the normal quality of the water in this-part of western Lake Erie have been observed during the past seven years.
_4 TABLES e
TABLE 1 ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR WATER QUALITY DETERMINATIONS Parameter Units References for Analytical Methods
- 1. Temperature C
APHA (1975): Sec. 212
- 3. Conductivlty jamhos/cm (25 C)
ASTM ( 1975): D1125-64
- 4. Transparency meters Welch (1948): Secchi disk
- 5. Calcium (Ca) mg/l APHA (1975): Sec. 306C
- 6. Magnesium (Mg) mg/l APHA (1975): Sec. 313C
- 7. Sodlum (Na) mg/l ASTM (1973):..D1428-64
- 9. Nitrate (NO )
mg/l ASTM (1973): D992-71 3
- 10. Sulfate (SO )
mg/l ASTM (1973): D516-68C 4
(n
- 11. Phosphorus (Total as P) mg/l APHA (1975): Sec. 425F
- 12. Silica (SLO )
mg/l ASTM (1973): 0859-688 2
- 13. Alkalinity (Total as CACO )
mg/l APHA (1975): Sec. 403 3
- 15. Suspended sollds mg/l APHA (1975): Sec. 208D
- 16. Dissolved solids mg/l USEPA (1974)
- 17. Turbidity F.T.U.
APHA (1975): Sec. 214A
- 10. Hydrogen-lon conc, pH units ASTM (1973): D 1293-65 Field Procedure
- 19. Solar radiation foot - candles Protomatic underwater photometer (Rich, P.R. and R. G. Wetz el. 1969.
A simple, sensitive underwater photometer.
Limnology & Oceano-graphy 14: 611-613)
TABLE 2 LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR MAY 1978 Dates:
Field 11 flay 1978 Laboratory 12 May 1971 Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No.13 Range Mean Standard Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Field Measurements:
- Temperature ( C) 10.0 10.0 10.8 10.3 11.0 10.4 10.0-11.0 10.4 0.5 Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) 12.0 12.0 12.4 12.4 12.0 12.0 12.0-12.4 12.1 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 270 280 300 300 310 310 270 -310 295 16.4
. Transparency (m) 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0
Depth (m) 2.0 4.0 3.0 2.0-4.0 3.0 1.0 e
cn Laboratory Determinations:
e Calcium (mg/l) 37.2 36.4 38.4 38.4 41.2 36.0 36.0-41.2 37.9 1.9 Magnesium (mg/1) 8.4 9.6 8.6 8.6 8.4 8.6 8.4-9.6 8.7 0.5 Sodium (mg/l) 9.0 7.6 7.6 8.5 8.0 8.0 8.0-9.0 8.1 0.6 Chloride (mg/l) 19.0 18.5 20.5 21.0 21.0 21.0 18.5-21.0 20.6 1.1 Nitrate (mg/l) 12.0 12.8 12.0 14.2 14.2 12.0 12.0-14.2 12.9 1.1 Sulfate (mg/l) 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 0
Fhosphorus (mg/l) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0
Silica (mg/1) 0.99 0.91 1.36 1.36 1.36 1.41 0 91-1.41 1.23 0.22 Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 89 89 90 89 91 91 89-51 89.8 0.98 9.O.D. (mg/l) 2 3
3 2
2 2
2-3 2.3 0.5 suspended Solids (mg/1) 56 58 45 50 56 49 45-58 52 5
Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 176 194 190 186 196 192 176-196 189 7
Turbidity (F.T.U.)
48 50 47 46 53 52 46-53 49 3
pH 8.5 8.5 8.1 8.0 8.3 8.3 8.0-8,5 8.3 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 315 315 312 320 325 320 312-325 318 4.7
~
TABLE 3 LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR JUNE 1978 Dates:
Field 29 June 1978 2
Laboratory 3 Julv 197 Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No.13 Range Mean Standa rd Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Fictd Measurements:
Tcmperature ( C) 25.4 25.0 25.0 24.2 26.0 24.7 24.2-26.0 25.1 0.6 Dissolwd Oxygen (ppm) 8.2 7.8 9.0 7.2 6.4 5.7 5.7-9.0 7.4 1.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 310 312 300 300 315 312 300 -315 308 7
Trcnsparency (m) 0.30 0.35 0.30 0.30-0.35 0.32 0.03 Depth (m) 2.0 4.0 3.0 2.0-4.0 3.0 1.0 i
Laboratory Determinations:
U Calcium (mg/1) 38.4 38.4 36.8 36.8 37.6 36.8 36.8-38.4 37.5 0.8 Magnesium (mg/l) 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.6 9.8 10.1 9.1-10.1 9.5 0.4 Sodium (mg/l) 9.5 9.2 8.9 9.2 9.2 9.2 8.9-9.5 9.2 0.2 Chloride (mg/l) 20.5 20.5 21.0 20.5 21.0 20.5 20.5-21.0 20.7 0.3 i
Nitrate (mg/l) 9.8 9.4 7.6 8.7 10.6 11.5 7.6-11.5 9.6 1.4 Sulfate (mg/l) 35.0 35.0 32.5 33.5 32.5 32.5 32.5-35.0 33.5 1.2 Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02-0.04 0.04 0.01 Silica (mg/l) 0.51 0.55 0.59 0.55 0.66 0.62 0.51-0.66 0.58 0.05 Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 90 89 90 89 90 90 89-90 89.7 0.5 9.O.D. (mg/l) 4 3
3 3
4 3
3-4 3.3 0.5 i
Suspended Solids (mg/l) 38 53 30 63 44 44 38-63 45 12 Dissolved Solids (mg/1) 186 190 178 180 190 194 178-194 186 6
Turt)idity (F.T.U.)
48 56 39 57 51 54 39-57 51 7
pH 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.5-8.6 8.58 0.04 Conductivity (umhc_/cm) 296 295 293 295 303 303 293-303 298 4
l l
TABLE 4 LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR JULY 1978 Dates:
Field 25 July 1978 Laboratory 27 July 197E Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No.13 Range Mean Standard Su-face Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Finld Measurements:
Temperature (OC) 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.0 24.2 23.5 23.5-24.5 24.2 0.4 Dicsolved Oxygen (ppm) 8.4 8.4 7.3 6.1 8.8 8.3 6.1-8.8 7.9 1.0 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 350 350 370 380 350 350 350 - 380 358 13 Transparency (m).
0.70 0.75 0.55 0.55-0.75 0.67 0.1 Depth (m) 2.0 4.5 3.0 2.0-4.5 3.2 1.3 a
co Laboratory Determinations:
e Celcium (mg/l) 35.2 35.2 36.8 36.0 37.2 38.8 35.2-38.8 36.5 1.4 Magnesium (mg/l) 10.6 10.6 11.5 11.0 10.6 11.5 10.6-11.5 11.0 0.4 Sodium (mg/1) 10.7 10.7 10.1 10.7 10.7 10.1 10.1-10.7 10.5 0.3 Chloride (mg/l) 22.0 22.0 22.0 23.0 22.0 22.0 22.0-23.0 22.2 0.4 Nitrate (mg/l) 4.8 5.5 4.8 5.1 5.1 4.5 4.5-5.5 5.0 0.3 Sulfate (mg/l) 20.0
- 20.0 23.0 23.5 23.5 23.0 20.0-23.5 22.2 1.7 Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01-0.02 0.02 0.01 Silica (mg/1) 0.51 0.47 0.51 0.44 0.51 0.47 0.44-0.51 0.49 0.03 Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0
D.O.D. (mg/1) 2 3
2 3
3 3
2-3 2.7 0.5 Suspended Solids (mg/l) 15 13 13 14 18 18 13-18 15 2
Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 186 178 180 174 166 160 160-186 114 10 Turtidity (F.T.U.)
15 14 14
. 14 14 15 14-15 14.3 0.5 pH 8.2 8.5 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.1 8.1-8,5 8.3 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 305 310 305 300 300 300 300-310 303 4
4 f
TABLE 5 LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR AUGUST 1978 Dates:
Field 17 Auoust 1978 Laboratory 18 August l' Pararr eters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No. 13 Range Mean Standa rd Surface Bottom Surface ' Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Finld Measurements:
Temperature ( C) 23.0 23.0 23.5 23.0 23.5 23.0 23.0-23.5 23.2 0.3 Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) 8.6 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.2 8.2-8.6 8.4 0.1 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 265 265 270 265 265 265 265 -270 266 2
Transparency (m) 0.75 0.95 0.70 0.70-0.95 0.80 0.1 Depth (m) 2 4.0 3.0 2,0-4.0 3.0 1.0 e
e Laboratory Determinations:
Calcium (mg/1) 34.4 34.4 36.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 34.4-36.0 35.3 0.7 Magnesium (mg/l) 10.6 10.6 9.6 9.8 9.4 9.6 9.4-10.6 9.9 0.5 Sodium (mg/l) 9.5 9.5 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 9.5-10.1 9.9 0.3 Chloride (mg/l) 19.5 20.0 19.5 19.5 19.0 19.0 19.0-20.0 19.4 0.4 Nitrate (mg/l) 2.9 2.3 1.4 1.4 2.0 2.3 1.4-2.9 2.1 0.4 Sulfate (mg/l) 27.5 27.5 26.5 28.0 27.5 27.5 26.5-28.0 27.4 0.5 Fhosphorus (mg/l) 0.03 0.003 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01-0.03 0.02 0.01 Silica (mg/1) 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.23 0.23 0.19 0.16-0.23 0.20 0.03 Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 96 96 96 96 96 98 96-98 96.3 0.8 9.O.D.
(mg/l) 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 0
Saspended Solids (mg/l) 10 15 11 11 17 12 10-17 12.7 2.7 Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 168 170 168 174 182 178 168-182 173 6
Turtidity (F.T.U.)
18 22 11 18 17 17 11-22 17 4
pH 8.4 8.4 8.8 8.7 8.7 8.7 8.4-8.8 8.6 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 295 295 285 295 285 295 285-295 292 5
TABLE 6
LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR SEPTEMBER 1978 Dates:
Field 13 September 197f Laboratory 18 Sept. 15 Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No.13 Range Mean Standa rd Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Finld Measurements:
Temperature ( C) 22.1 22.1 21.7 21.7 22.5 22.1 21.1-22.5 22.0 0.3 Diz: solved Oxygen (ppm) 8.9 8.5 8.9 8.2 9.1 8.7 8.2-9.1 8.7 0.3 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 285 285 285 285 305 300 285 - 305 291 9
Tr nsparency (m) 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0
Depth (m) 2.0 4.0 3.0 2.0-4.0 3.0 1.0 O
Laboratory Determinations.
Calcium (mg/1) 34.8 34.8 34.0 34.8 34.8 32.0 32.0-348 34.2 1.1 Magnesium (mg/l) g,4 9.1 7.9 7.0 7.9 9.1 7.0-9.1 8.2 0.8 Sodium (mg/l) 9.5 9.5 10.5 10.5 9.5 10.5 9.5-10.5 10.0 0.6 Chloride (mg/l) 17.5 18.0 17.5 17.5 17.5 19.5 17.5-19.5 17.9 0.8 Nitrate (mg/l)
},7 1,7 j,7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 0
Sulfate (mg/t) 27.0 27.0 24.5
'2.0 22.0 22.0 22.0-27.0 24.1 2.5 Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.01-0.08 0.04 0.03 Silica (mg/l) 0.16 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.23 0.10:0.40 0.18 0.12 Total Alkalinity (mg/1) 98 98 95 95 98 96 95-98 97 1.5 9.O. D. (mg/l) 2 3
1 1
1 2
1-3 1.3 0.5 Suspended Solids (mg/l)
- 38 238 24 30 30 104 30-238 77 84 Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 180 198 180 180 192 196 180-198 188 9
Turbidity (F.T.U.)
36 77 17 18 18 47 17-77 36 24 pH 8.7 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.5 8.5-8.7 8.6 0.06 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 291 294 283 280 796 315 280-296 293 12
- Sar.pler may have disturbed bottom sediments at Stations 1 and 13.
,+
'1 TABLE 7 LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR OCTOBER 1978 Dates:
Field 17 Oct. 1978 Laboratory 20 Oct.19
. Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No.13 Range Mean Standard Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Field Measurements:
Temperature ( C) 12.0 11.0 11.8 11.2 12.5 11.5 11.0-12.5 11.7 0.6 Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) 11,2 11,3 11.3 11.2 11.3 11.2 11.0-11.3 11.2 0.1 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 260 270 270 270 285 275-260 -285 272 8
Transparency (m) 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50-0.55 0.53 0.03 Depth (m) 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.0-2.5 2.3 0.3 s
Laboratory Determinations:
Calcium (mg/l) 31.2 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 32.8 31.2-32.8 32.5 0.7 Magnesium (mg/l) 8.2 7.2
.7.2 7.2 6.7 8.2 6.7-8.2 7.5 0.6 Sodium (mg/l) 8.9 8.9 8.0 8.0 8.4 8.4 8.0- 8.9 8.4 0.4 Chloride (mg/l) 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.5 16.0 16.0-16.5 16.1 0.2 Nitrate (mg/l)
<0.3'
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3
<0.3 (0.3 0
Sulfate (mg/l) 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 18.0-20.0 18.5 0.8 l-Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.01- 0.10 0.03 0.04 Silica (mg/1) 0.11 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.10 0.05-0.11 0.08 0.03 Total Alkalinity (mg/l) 96 95 96 96 97 95 95-97 96 0.8 8.O.D. (mg/1) 4 4
4 4
4 4
4 0
Suspended Solids (mg/1) 45 49 26 27 38 30 26-49 36 10 Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 176 156 150 156 158 152 150-176 158 9
Turbidity (F.T.U.)
26 25 12 13 17 21 12-26 19 6
pH 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 0
Conductivity (umhos/cm).
265 270 265 265 265 265 265-270 266 2
TABLE 8
LAKE ERIE WATER QUALITY ANALYSES FOR NOVEMBER 1978 Dates:
Field 1 Nov. 1978 Laboratory 2 flov.197 Parameters Station No. 1 Station No. 8 Station No. 13 Range Mean Standard Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Surface Bottom Deviation Fistd Measurements:
Temperature ( C) 10.2 10.2 11.1 10.2 10.9 10.1 10.1-11.1 10.5 0.4 Dissolved Oxygen (ppm) 12.1 12.1 12.5 12.1 12.2 11.9 11.9-12.5 12.2 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 265 760 270 270 270 265 260-270 267 4
Transparency (m) 0.40 0.70 0.50 0.40-0.70 0.50 0.15 Depth (m) 2.0 3.7 2.7 2.0-3.7 2.8 0.9 C
Laboratory Determinations:
e Calcium (mg/1) 32.0 32.0 33.6 32.8 32.0 32.8 32.0-33.6 32.5 0.7 Magnesium (mg/l) 8.2 8.2 7.7 8.2 8.2 8.2 7.7-8.2 8.1 0.2 Sodium (mg/l) 13.3 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.4 14.8 13.3-14.8 14.5 0.6 Chloride (mg/l) 14.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 15.5 17.3 14.0-17.3 15.1 1.2 Nitrate (mg/l) 6.1 5.8 5.1 5.1 6.1 6.5 5.1-6.5 5.8 0.6 Sulfate (mg/1) 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 29.0 0
Phosphorus (mg/l) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0
Silica (mg/1) 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.6-0.11 0.09 0.02 Total Aikalinity (mg/l) 89 89 89 90 91 92 89-92 90 1
9.O.D. (mg/1) 2 3
2 2
2 1
1-3 2
0.6 Suspended Solids (mg/l) 57 58 47 48 60 40 40-M 52 8
Dissolved Solids (mg/l) 152 152 158 158 152 162 152-162 156 4
. Turbidity (F.T.U.)
11 28 9
12 8
12 8-28 13 7
pH 8.1 8.3 8.2 8.0 8.0 7.8 7.8-8.3 8.1 0.2 Conductivity (umhos/cm) 260 260 260 270 l265 270 260-270 264 5
o TA8LE 9 SOLAR RADIATION MEASUREMENTS AT LOCUST POINT IN 1978*
(IN FOOT CANDLES)
Time Station Deck Surface 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 24 June 1978 1
1200 9000 4500 2000 550 200 50 8
1235 10200 8000 2800 1100 500 300 120 65 13 1305 10000 6000 2000 400 1200 30 10 3
i' 18 August 1978 1
1135 9000 5100 2000 400 32 3
1300 8500 5000 1900 310 43 7.2 8.2 2.5 8
1230 8000 4600 1600 360 49 13 1030 9500 5000 1800 250 52 4.2 P
15 Sept. 1978 l
1 1145 10000 SC00 1500 350 40 3
1330 10000 5000 1600 440 53 8
1030 10000 4200 2600 700 140 47 20 13 1230 8500 4400 800 270 21 2.9 17 Oct. 1978 1
1610 7000 3100 1100 100 14 3
1530 7500 3500 1300 100 12 5.5 8
1633 6500 2600 1200 100 19 7.2 13 1645 5700 1600 410 44 2
2 1 Nov. 1978 1
1105 9300 4000 1500 300 50 8-1200 7300 9000 2000 350 55 10 13 1140 6000 5000 1500 300 250 f
- Submarine photometer malfunctioned in May and July 1978 I
TABLE 10 MEAN VALUES AND RANGES FOR WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS TESTED IN 1978 Parameter May - November 1978 Units Mean Range 1.
Temperature 18,2 10.0-26.0 C
2.
Dissolved Oxygen 9.7 5.7-12.5 ppm 3.
Conductivity (field) 294 260-380 umhos/cm 4
Transparency 0.50 0.30-0.95 m
5 Calcium 35.2 31.2-41.2 mg/l 6.
Magnesium 9.0 6.7-11.5 mg/l 7.
Sodium 10.1 8.0-14.8 mg/l 8.
Chloride 18.9 14.0-23.0 mg/l 9.
Nitrate 5.3 1.4-14.2 mg/l
- 10. Sulfate 25.8 18.0-35.0 mg/l
- 11. Phosphorus 0.02 0.01.10 mg/l
- 12. Silica 0.f1 0.05-1.41 mg/l
- 13. Total Alkalinity 94 89-98 mg/l 14 B00 2.5 1-4 mg/l
- 15. Suspended Solids 41 10-238 mg/l
- 16. Dissolved Solids 175 150-198 mg/l
- 17. Turbidity 28 8-77 F.T.V.
- 18. Hydrogen-ions 8.4 7.8-8.8 pH
- 19. Conductivity (lab) 291 26^-325 umhos/cm n
TABLE 11
SUMMARY
OF JUNE TO NOVEMBER SOLAR RADIATION MEASUREMENTS AT LOCUST POINT (IN FOOT CANDLES)
Station Range Mean Standard Deviation Station 1 Deck 10000 - 7000 8825 1287 Surface 5100 - 3100 4300 942 0.5 2000 - 110 1278 813 1.0 400 - 200 288 132 1.5 2.0 50 - 14 34 15 Station 3 Deck 10000 - 7500 8667 1475 Surface 5000 - 3500 4500 707 0.5 2000 - 130 1408 868 1.0 550 - 100 350 193 1.5 200 0
2.0 53 -
12 40 19 2.5 20 - 5.5 13 10 3.0 7.2 0
Station 8 Deck 10200 - 6500 8400 1642 Surface 9000 - 2600 5680 2704 0.5 2800 - 120 1824 1065 1.0 1100 - 100 522 387 1.5 500 0
2.0 300 -
19 11.3 114 2.5 120 - 7.2
-64 80 3.0 65 - 8.2 33 28 3.5 0
0 4.0 20 - 2.5 11 12 Station 13 Deck 10000 - 5700 7940 1986 Surface 6000 - 1600 4400 1667 0.5 2000 - 410 1302 675 1.0 400 -
44 253 130 1.5 1200 0
2.0 250 -
2 71 102 2.5 10 -
2 6
6 3.0 4.2 - 2.9 3
1 Fl GURE S
f 1
k
M:. w s LAKE
,.o V
Lake Erie ERIE A
h
~n-f Os a
O1 Marsh Cooling Area O
Tower O ta I
o#p.
)
to Physical Facilitles t
Marsh Area g
v 1000
/*
feet
!GUR L : 1. SAM PLING ST ATIONS AT THE DAvic_nict:qg NUCLEAR POWER STATION
l FIGURE.2.
11EAN t10NTilLY llYDR0GEtt 10?l, TEi1PERATURE A*10 DISSOLVED OXYGEN l-1EASUREllENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT r.000ST P0ltiT DURIllG 1978.
2S --
liydrogen Ions (oH)
{DissolvedOxygen(ppm) 20 --
Temperature (OC) 1 l
15 --
i Es e
7 7
10 --
/-
_/
/-
.../
---7
~~~/
~~~/
/
/
/
7
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
v f
5--
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0--
11AY JUNE JULY AUG SLl'T OCT
- 10V
FIGURE 3.
11EAN F10flTilLY TURBIDITY, SUSPEflDED SOLIDS, Al1D TRAtlSPAREtiCY l1EASUREllENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST P0l!!T DURifir 1973.
~
Turbidity (FTU) 100 --
-- I 0 (FTU)
("I (mg/l)
I Suspended Solids (mg/l)
Transparency (m)
-- 0.8 75 --
- 0.7
/
/
/
0.6 a
50-0.5 7
/
/
-./_
/
0.4
/
/
-- 0.3 25--
[
/[
/
~/
/
0.2
//
/
~~7 r
/
/
---/
0.1
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
\\
/
/
/
/
/
l 0 --
- 0. 0 11AY JUllE JULY AUG SEPT OCT
- 10V t
FIGURE 4.
HEA!! 210'lTilLY CALCIUti, CilLO31DE MID SULFATE C0ilCE'lTP.ATIONS Ifl LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT DURING 1973.
L
"~
Calciun (mg/1) 50 --
] Chloride (mg/1)
Sulfate (mg/1) 40 --
mnuM m
30 --
e
/
7
/
7 i
20 --
7
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
7
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
i
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
i
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0--
f1AY JUNE JOLY AUG SEPT OCT
'40V f
FIGURE 5.
I1EA'l 110flTilLY !11TRATE, Pil05Pil0RUS, A:lD SILIC.*, C0'lCEflTPAT10?ls Ifl LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST P0lflT DURIrlG 1973.
12.9 9.6 5.0 S.8 l
flitrate (mg/1)
/
f
/
/
/l
/
/
] Silica (mg/1)
/
- 2. 0 - -
Phosphorus (og/1) fj)
D 7/
- 1. 0 --
//
1
/
/
r
//
/
r
/
/
/
/
/
/
" ' ' ~
/
/
/
7 7
o
/
/
b b
0.0 Tn
,n n,
m i
itiY JU:4E JULY AUG SEPT OCT P10V i
6.
0 *%
E
~s v
Cl N
G in v
O V
a O
m V
fi 3
~~
-.w u
O
.O W
e O
Q v
D 12 2 7
Om U-L CC is sNNNNNNN E CQ M
&W CC C
QC W,-
i
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\
AC O.t>2 t
WW
-w me
<-J
>- M
-.J O CW 7A W
Q&
nh
\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ k
<w wd CDsn 4
.w 40 C w
\\
m i
t I
I I
g a
4 6
8 O
O O
O O
O O
O O
w m
N
~
j l
' FIGURE 7.
TRE!1DS IN MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, Afl0 HYDR 0GErl ION MEASUREf1ENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR THE PERIOD 1972-1978.
% w..ur - eet. 4...i.oi.
30.
25 -
Temper.ture ec)
\\
/
N
(\\
f)
\\
jN 20.
15 -
oi..
v.o on
.n (ppm)
A
,'AkQ
. 4 %,7
~
(pH)
/
/
/
r
/
\\
'd
0 d'
J A 5 0 N 08J F M A M J J A S O N PJ F M A M J J A 5 0 N 0'J F M A M J J A 5 D N D'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N 0'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N FJ F st & w/.* 15 0 '. '
1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 e'
FIGURE 8.
TRENDS IN MEAN MONTHLY CONDUCTIVITY, ALKALINITY AND TURBIDITY T1EASUREf1ENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR THE PERIOD 1972-1978.
No Measurement. Av.it. Die 500<
bg 4C%
\\
\\
A C
N/\\g'onductivity (umnos/em) e--
/
v j
j yh lv 200-Alk.Limity (mg/l) 100'
/%
j P% &
s a,
,, W%/
.C,' W 0
J A 5 0 N D4 F M A M J J A 5 0 N D'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N 9'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N 00 F M A M J J A 5 0 N OV F M A M J J A 5 0 N 7i ' -
.J:53.-
1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1:-*
l l
_.. ~.
FIGURE 9.
TRENDS IN MEAN MONTilLY TRANSPARENCY AND Pil0SPil0RUS MEASUREMENTS FOR LAKE ERIE AT LOCUST POINT FOR Tile PERIOD 1972-1978.
4.50 g
No Measurements Available i
1.25-i k
i Transparency (m) 1.00-
\\
l
\\
\\,
/
ro b
0.75-i 1
I l
\\
's
{
,/
{
's, 0.50 -
/
1 s
N i
i
~~
l
\\
\\
\\)
0.25 -
l
\\
's
~j
'sl
\\
I r.. rni. C,,,... dN -- hPhosphorus (mg/I) p
... 4.........sC:'..%-.~ r 4.... e.
cra -1A.
.o.. _ m x.
J A 5 0 N DiJ F M A M J J A 5 0 N D J F M A M J J A 5 0 N D3J F M A M J J A 5 0 N D'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N D'J F M A M J J A 5 0 N WJ F M 4.M J.' 4 5 t' 4 ?
1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 I? s
4 e
J h
VII 9
\\
SgcTron 3.1.1.A.2 LHEMICAL USAGE "E
l N
l
Table 3.1-1 DAVIS-BESSE llVCLEAR POWER STATION UtilT NO. 1 i;
CHEMICAL USN;E FOR 1978 l
CilEMICAL.
SYSTDI USE QUANTITY DISCllAllCE INTEintEDIATE FIllAL Chlorine Circulating Water Biocide 63,5589 N/A Unit discharge via cooling tower blowdown Chlorine Service Water Biocide 80,6265 Cooling Tower Unit discharge Makeup via cooling tower blowdown Chlorine Cooling Tower Hakeup Biocide None Cooling Tower Unit discharge
,~ Y e
flakeup via ;ooling tower
~
blowdown Chlorine Water Treatment Disinfection 3,587#
N/A Water dist. sys.
Sulfuric Acid Circulating Water Alkalinity 90,049 gal. Reacts with Unit discharge Control circulating g via cooling tower
~ water blowdown Sulfuric Acid Demineralizers Regeneration 8,992 gal.. ticutralizing tank Unit discharge for neutralization Sulfuric Acid Water Treatment Stabilization None N/A Water dist, sys.
i Sulfuric Acid Neutralizing Tank Neutralization 21 gal.
N/A Unit discharge 8
I "Only used when the unit la operating and.arr e unter tu hulut; returned in the forebay.
,m, t
j
/
- 1 TAllLE 3.1-1 (Con't.)
1978 Chemical Usage tilDlICAL SYSTEM USE QUANTITY DISCllARCE INTEL 4!EDI ATE FItiAL Sodium llydroxide Demineralizers Regeneration 37,021 gal. Heutralizing Tank Unit discharge for neutralization Sodium Ilydroxide Neutralizing Tank Neutralization 41,716 gal.
N/A Unit discharge Calcium llydroxide Water Treatment Clarification and 58,550#
Sludge to the Supernatant from Softening Settling Basin the cettling bauin to the unit discharge Sodium Aluminate Water Treatment Clarification and 5,600#
Sludge to the Supernatant from Softening Set '? ing Basin t:e settling hasin to the unit E
discharge 1
1alco 607 Water Treatment Clarification and None Slude to the Softening Settling Basin
?lalco 8,184 Water Treatment Clarification and 179 #
Sludge to the Softening Settiing Basin Sodium !!ydroxide Water Treatment Clarification and 1,550 #
Slude to the Softening Settling Basin Sodium llypochlor-Water Treatment Disinfection 12# Avail N/A Jater distribution l
ice Cl2 system p' odium liypochlor-Sewage Treatment Disinfection 338# Avail N/A Jnit Discharge it te Cl 2 i
W
- - - - - ~
I A
Q
~
.m
)
- ..'i s
TABLE 3.1-1 (Con' t.)
1978 Chemical Usage tilDlICAL SYSYEM USE QUANTITY DISCitARCE INTERllEDI ATE FINAL
,llydrazine Secondary Coolant Oxygen Scavenging 505 gal.
N/A N/A Reactor Coolant Oxygen Scavenging 1 gal.
N/A N/A Component Cooling Oxygen Scavenging 2 gol.
N/A N/A Auxiliary Bolice Oxygcu Scavenging 4 gal.
N/A N/A Ileating System Oxygen Scavenging 1 gal.
N/A N/A i
Anw onia Secondary Coolant pil Control
'125 gal.
N/A N/A Auxiliary Boiler pil Control 4 gal.
N/A N/A iloric Acid deactor Coolant Neutron Moderator 32,825#
N/A N/A N/k N/A 1.ithium Ilydroxi do Reactor Coolant 1 11 Control 17,100 gram s as Lithium
- !orpholine Component Cooling pil Control None N/A N/A
,Nalco 39L Turbine Plant Cool-Corrosion Inhibitor 165 gal.
N/A N/A ing Chilled Water Corrosion Inhibitor 5 gal.
N/A N/A e
e o
s **.
.m
..i-
. ', s ;
- s TABLE 3.1-1 (Con' t.)
1978 Chemical tisage CHD11 CAL SYSTEM USE QUANTITY DISCllARGE l
INTERMEDIATE FINAL Nalco 7320' Turbine Plant Cool' Microbiological None i
N/A N/A ing i Control Chilled Water Microbiological None N/A N/A
~
Control l.
I tialco 7326 Turbine Plant Microbiological 236 gal.
I N/A N/A.
Cooling Control Sodium Hydroxide Turbine 11 ant pH Control 52#
N/A N/A Cooling I
I I
o l
?
G 8
e G
I L
g'
e N
.N A
VIII s
\\
SECTioN 3,1.1.A.3 CstoRINEIloniToaine e
I 1
)
s.
i
)
l
.e
3.1.1.a. 3 Chlorine Monitoring Chlorine Monitoring is covered by the Station's NPDES Permit.
The limits of the permit were never exceeded.
e------_
e l
IX SECTION31.2.A.3 3
PLANKTON OTUDIES L