ML19308E034

Forwards AEC-Related Environ Research Programs at Crystal River Site. Requests Response to Proposed Program by 730601

ML19308E034
Person / Time
Site:	Crystal River
Issue date:	05/08/1973
From:	Muller D US ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION (AEC)
To:	Rodgers J FLORIDA POWER CORP.
References
NUDOCS 8003200767
Download: ML19308E034 (10)

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5/ }../73- _.. _ _ 7;3 - C' n ' : > ~4 DATED knw AEC-51s (Rev. 9-63). AECM 0240 .M Yu..sdiovssurnaEfrT PftDfTDeG OFFICE : 1970 O - 406-M ,N 2 t ,3 -,= % ssa.oLi+ta M fn e_'.-~ 8 0 0 3 c o. n 7 Q

y,gg.4 3 i 7 ' ~, AEC RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS ~ AT THE CRYSTAL RIVER POWER PLANT SITE Problem t..* To determine the need for modification of the proposed cooling system for Crystal River Unit 3. Purpose 1. To obtain necessary data of the Crystal River Site area from a coordinated and comprehensive hydrological investigation. 2. To identify and quantify those factors that have impacted 'the Crystal River environment.and to obtain necessary information on aquatic organisms and water chemistry in the Crystal River Site area in order to be able to assess the potential impact on the aquatic biota from the opera-tion of Unit 3. Objective To provide a basis for a decision with regard to the need for an alter-native cooling system for Unit 3 no later than November 1974. General Discussion The AEC staff, in conjunction with other interested federal agencies, requires additional information in order to predict the incremental impact on the aquatic biota from the operation of Crystal River Unit 3. Of necessity this assessment must be based on data collected in conjunction with the operation of the oil-fired Units 1 and 2. The specific areas of concern are hydrology in the immediate plant environs; entrainment of organisms through the condensers; impingement of organisms on the intake structure; entrapment of aquatic organisms in the intake system; thermal, chemical and physical impact in the discharge area; and biota surveys in

s. 4, -s 2 areas which may be affected by candidate alternatives to the proposed once-through cooling system. In conjunction with the study program required in each of these areas, the applicant will concurrently initiate and complete detailed hydrological-environmental assessments of alternative cooling systems to identify those \\ systems which would impose the minimum environmental impact, taking into account the areas of concern expressed above, including terrestrial impacts whic'. are not involved in the proposed once-through cooling system. The applicant should develop a study program in accordance with the recommendations and guidance-developed in this document and will submit this program to the AEC for evaluation. Such evaluation will include a review and consultations with the interested federal agencies. Within 90 days, the applicant will submit a progress report on thLs i study. Following this submittal, a meeting will be held with the interested federal agencies to assess progress, results, and evaluate the need to modify the, program. Specific Pragrats I. Entrainment A. Objectives 1. To determine the source (s) of-cooling water under normal hydrological and meteorological conditions and variations during high fresh water runoff periods and during unusual tide, wind and other conditions. o e-weg on--

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2. 'To determine the source, fate, quantities and conditions of species of plankton, fish eggs, larvae and juveniles passed through the condenser cooling water system.

3. To determine the relation between the species composition of the cooling water sources as established in item 1, and the planktonic species of the intake canal. B. Procedures for zoopla... ton and ichthyoplankton 1. Length of program: A minimum of 12 consecutive months of data will be collected and analyzed prior to November 1974. 2. Sampling stations: 3 stations will be established in each of the three areas shown in Figure 1 (p. 54 Environmental Research Programs at the Crystal Riser Power Plant - A Technical' Discussion); two stations j ~ shall be established in the intake canal, one directly in front of the intake pipe and another within the canal near the mouth of the double-diked sec*. ion. 3. Frequency of sampling: Samples shall be taken every 3 hours over a 24-hour period, weekly at the two stations in the intake canal. Samples in intake areas 1, 2 and 3 shall be taken every 3 hours over a 24 hour period every two weeks. All samples shall be taken to determine species, abundance, distribution and condition according to tidal stage, day-night variations or other pertinent environmental factors. 4. Techniques: Replicate samples will be taken at all stations. Samples taken in the mouth of the intake canal shall be at sur' face, mid and bottom depths. Ichthyoplankton techniques will be the standard NMFS (MARMAP) methods and approved by the AEC' staff. .l

I, r .I 1 m m 4 C. Procedures for source of intake water During the first 3 months, the source (s) of water that are drawn in by operation of the plant under normal hydrological conditions will be determined. This program should consider, but is not necessarily limited to: dye and drogue studies; flow and ' direction studies; and salinity, temperature and water chemistry measurements. This program is j to be. continued as necessary to determine source (s).under abnormal ? 1 hydrological conditions. D. Other* Phytoplankton studies should be carried out concurrently with the above programs to allow quantification of species abundance, distribution, condition and total biomass of phytoplankton species being entrained. II. Impingement / Entrapment A. Objective To quantify in terms of number, size / age class, weight and con-dition the species which become impinged on the travelling screens. The study will determine the variation due to season, time of day, tide, general climatic conditions or other factors. In anticipation of higher 4 velocities caused by Ur.it 3 and the possibility of a change in the species composition of impinged species, studies will be performed to relate the proposed flow characteristics to impingement of species. B. Procedure to assess impingement 1. Length of program: A minimum of 12 consecutive months of data will be collected and analyzed prior to November 1974.

~ ~ O r ) 5 2. Sampling stations: Collections will be made at both ends of the screen-wash sluice until it is determined statistically that there are no differences in the species composition and quantities collected at either end, after which collections may be made at one end. 3. Frequency of sampling: Samples will be taken every 3 hours over a 24-hour period, twice a week. General monitoring of the collections in the trash baskets will be conducted during the remainder of the week in terms of large numbers ~or biomass of individual species or large total numbers or biomass of many spacies. Sampling and screen operations will be modified during peak impingement periods. 4. Technique: Screen waship? will be performed manually during the sample period and not on the basis of a pressure differential (clogging). j C. Organisms in intake canal Once every two weeks sampling will be conducted to determine abundance, size (expressed as length / frequency), distribution and condition of fish species with a frequency to establish variations due to aeather, tide. day / night, or other factors. D. Diversion techniques Studies if means for returning impinged species, to the Gulf, or diverting organisms before reaching the intake structure, shall be conducted in conjunction with the impingement program. E. Other 1. The number of pumps in operation and volume of water pumped shall be recorded at all times when sampling is conducted. 7._. a 4 m

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R. vi., -3 t ~ 6 I 2. Flow and velocity at the travelling screens, under varying' operational conditions to be encountered during times'of sampling shall -be determined. 4 3. Vertical and lateral velocity profile data will be collected at selected sections located 1[gitudinally along the intake canal during an entire tidal cycle to establish flow and velocity characteristics in the intake canal. 4. Condition of living impinged organisms shall be determined to establish the potential for returning organisms to the ambient waters I of the Gulf. III. Thermal / Chemical impacts in discharge area A. Objective i 1. To define the' existing three-dimensional thermal plume. 2. To develop, verify and/or modify the thermal plume mathe-matical model to simulate the plume described in A. 1. above. 3. To utilize this matematical model to predict the thermal plume under all modes of operation. 4. To establish baseline data for estimating thermal effects. 5. To determine how large an area of the, receiving water will be_affected by modifications resulting from condenser passage. B.' Thermal plume pattern in the discharge area i 1. Thermal imagery overflight information'should be provided to establish the extent of the-thermal plume from Units 1 and 2 and should cover varying conditions of tide and weather.

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s. q .s 7 2. Temperature and salinity measurements should be performed vertically and laterally throughout the thermal plume and should include continuous measurements at the canal terminus, near shore areas and other selected points. C. Water cheeistry measurements should be conducted in the mixing zone to establish present characteristics and composition. D. The mathematical model of the thermal plume will be verified and/or modified in accordance with the above information and utilized to predict future plant configurations and temperature characteristics to allow biological impact assessments. E. Thermal / Chemical effects on biota The laboratory and field research program as outlined in Table 1, p. 89 of the applicant's program will quantify the abundance and distribution of macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and vertebrates. The exact number and location of these stations must be carefully coordinated in order to obtain the maximum usable data. 1. Consolidate existing data, and supplement as necessary to develop baseline benthic survey of community structure in the projected O discharge area defined by the 2F isotherm in Fig.,5.3, D.E.S. a. Substrate Develop maps based on particle size, organic content (ashfree dry weight) and depth of deposits. i e i l - - ~

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.+ i. f ~ 8 b. Vascular plants and macroalgae Quantitative and qualitative characterization including maps delimiting the dominant plant communities. o c. Benthic macroinvertebrates Quantitative and qualitative evaluation. Suggest stratified sampling design based on substrate and plant communities defined above as well as temperature increments defined by thermal plume predictions. 2. Pelagic Surveys a. A program similar to that for the intake side to charac-terize predominant species of phytoplankton, zooplankton, eggs, fry, and juveniles. b. Document species composition and relative abundance of finfish and shellfish. 3. Intensive sampling in the plume area defined by the 8F' isotherm shown in Fig. 5.3, D.E.S. is required to identify species, seascual abundance, in relation to thermal intensity, nutrients, oft i

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Zooplankton ~ b. Phytoplankton c. Eggs d. Fry and Juveniles e. Adults IV. Other general surveys and surveys in areas potentially affected by alternative cooling systems. A. Objective 1. To survey areas potentially subjected to impact from alterna-tiva cooling systems. s y ++-

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o 9 2. To survey areas of interest in assessing impact. B. Intake area An inventory of resident organisms, especially the benthos, to o allow for assessment of impacts of possible changes to the intake canal. C. Discharge Area Studies in III.E.1. should be extended to include expected area impacted by any anticipated extension or other modification of the dis-charge canal. D. Thermal effects on marshland to include productivity studies. E. General surveys 1. Identify spawning and nursery areas which may come under the influence of plant operation. 2. Inventory of terrestrial flora and fauna to identify species and estimated populations. 3. Conduct marshland surveys to establish location of nursery areas and determine the species composition and estimated populations. This should identify any cyclic or seasonal pattern which eay be present. 4. Obtain background levels of atmospheric salt content. Reports and Program Changes Quarterly reports will be required. These reports will.be utilized by the staff to judge the adequacy of the program and to determine what changes may be appropriate or necessary to improve the data collection. These changes will be coordinated with other agencies prior to implementation. Changes to the. program may be submitted by the applicant at any time for consideration by the staff. l . - _ _ -.}}