Text

DECOST-Computer Routine for Decommissioning Cost & Funding Analysis
	ML19211A797
Person / Time
Issue date:	12/31/1979
From:	; NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS)
To:	;
References
	NUREG-0514, NUREG-514, NUDOCS 7912210079
	Download: ML19211A797 (86)
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NUREG-0514 DECOST - Computer Routine for Decommissioning Cost and Funding Analysis

'80R El8!N!L ea Material Safety and Safeguards S

ciear Regulatory es Nh 1635 064 7 91est o O 'V}

Available from GP0 Sales Program Division of Technical Information and Document Control U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Connission Washington, D.C.

20555 and National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 221.El 1

i i~

4 1635 065

NUREG-0514 DECOST - Computer Routine for Decommissioning Cost and Funding Analysis Manuscript Completed: December 1978 Date Published: December 1979 B. C. Mingst Division of Waste Management Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C. 20555 p.....,

[N)*/V

.i 1635 066

iii Abstract When a nuclear facility reaches the end of its useful life, it must be placed in a condition such that the public continues to be protected from the radioac-tive hazards associated with the site.

The process of returning the site to these conditions is called decontamination and decommissioning (D/D) or just decommissioning.

The process includes the removal of the radioactively contami-nated and activated materials from the site to appropriate disposal sites or the containment of the materials away from the general public.

These operations are done by and/or financed by either the licensed operator or by some branch of government.

One of the major controversies surrounding the decommissioning of nuclear facilities is the lack of financial information on just what the eventual costs will be.

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has studies underway,6 to l

analyse the costs of decommissioning of nuclear fuel cycle facilities and some other similar studies have also been done by other groups,3,4,5 These 2

studies almost all deal only with the final cost outlays needed to finance decommissioning in an unchangeable set of circumstances.

Funding methods and planning to reduce the costs and financial risks are usually not attempted.

The DECOST program package is intended to fill this void and allow wide-ranging study of the various options available when planning for the decommis-sioning of nuclear facilities.

1635 067

iv TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF C00E..............................

1.1 Introduction........................................

I 1.2 Abilities and Limitations of Code...................

2 2.0 MODEL DESCRIPTION........................................

6 2.1 Major Routines and Assumptions......................

7 2.2 Other Model Routines...............................

14 2.3 Computer Control Routines...........................

17 3.0 DATA USED..................

20 4.0 EXTENDING THE PR0 GRAM.....................

24 5.0 INPUT INSTRUCTIONS......................................

26 6.0 SAMPLE PROBLEMS.......................................

33 7.0 COMMENTS ON LOW-LEVEL WASTE SITES..............

44 REFERENCES..............

46 FORTRAN LISTING.................

47

\\

DECOST 1.1 Introduction The DECOST program package is a flexible model designed to calculate the costs of and evaluate the payments for decommissioning nuclear facilities, including post decommissoning costs, under varying economic and planning conditions.

It is primarily designed for application in decisionmaking and treats all similar facilities generically, but will give accurate results for individual facilities if it is provided with the data specific to that facility.

The program will currently work for boiling-water reactors (BWR), pressurized-water reactors (PWR), high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGR), and low-level waste disposal sites (LLWS).

The program can easily be extended to other facilities (not restricted to nuclear facilities) by addition of the appropriate data.

(See Section 4 for instructions on how to do this).

The decrease in costs over a period of time caused by radioactive decay are included in the model.

Several of the subroutines are easily separated from the main package and can be run independently or within another program.

The generic data for reactor decommissioning used in this version is taken from the AIF/NESP-009 study.

The generic data for LLWS's was taken from the Report of the Special Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste Disposal No. 142, Kentucky, October 1977.

The use of these data in this program does not constitute or imply NRC approval or certification of the results of any of the studies used in this model nor does this imply approval of any of the decom-missioning modes or funding methods analyzed.

1635 069 1.2 Abilities and Limitations of the Program In this version of DECOST, there are five possible modes of decommissioning power reactors:

immediate dismantling, indefinite mothballing, indefinite entombment, mothballing followed by delayed dismantling, and entombment followed by delayed dismantling.

Reactor installations in this version include the reactor, one cooling tower, and all auxiliary buildings needed for operation of 1150 MWe plant of the indicated type.

Mothballing a reactor includes removal of fuel and source material and decontamination of auxiliaries.

The site is then monitored and guarded to prevent unauthorized access.

Entombing a reactor includes removal of the fuel and source material, decontamination of access areas, and construction of the entombment structure around the vessel and heat exchangers (if any).

The site is then monitored and guarded to prevent unauthorized access.

Dismantling a reactor includes removal of fuel and source material, vessel internals, and the core cavity concrete and steel liners.

The facility can then be released for unrestricted use.

If the entire reactor faciiity is dismantled, the site is placed in a condition essentially the same as before construction of the plant.

There are four possible modes of decommissioning LLW sites:

no expected trench cap work or water management, periodic trench cap reworking, trench water management, and both trench cap rework and trench water management.

All modes of LLWS decommissioning include surveillance, monitoring, and minor maintenance of the site.

Low-level waste disposal sites include all build-ings, trenches, and grounds to the site fence.

Monitoring, surveillance, and minor maintenance of the site includes the collecting and analyzing of monitor 1635 070 station samples; and keeping the site, security fence, and samplers in good condition.

Trench-cap reworking is the reworking of each trench cap every 20 years. Trench water management includes the routine removal of water from the trenches (10,000 gallons per year for the site), evaporation and/or solidification of the water, and re-burial of the solidified product.

Methods of decommissioning not currently in the DECOST program can be used, and facilities not currently in the DECOST program can be addressed by the addition of the appropriate aata (see section 4).

In this version of DECOST there are seven possible methods of funding the decommissioning of the facilities:

use of a constant-fee sinking fund; use of an escalating-fee sinking fund; use of a deposit to cover the costs at the expected end-of-life; use of a deposit to cover the decommissioning costs at the time of the deposit; use of the previous methcd but with net earnings returned to the utility; use of straight-line, negative salvage value depre-ciation of the facility; and use of adjusted straight-line, negative salvage value depreciation of the facility.

A constant-fee si-king fund is the annual deposit of a fixed amount in an interest-bearing account such that at the end-of-life of the facility there will be sufficient funds in the account to cover the decommissioning costs (including inflation).

An escalating-fee sinking fund is the same as a constant-fee sinking fund except that the annual deposits increase at the inflation rate to reach the same amount at the end-of-life.

The first method of deposit allows a deposit to be made in an 1635 071

4-interest-bearing account such that, at the time of decommissioning, the fund will be sufficient to cover the costs (including inflation).

The second method of deposit requires that the costs of decommissioning at the time of deposit be placed in the interest-bearing account.

This will result in a surplus of funds at the time of decommissio7ing.

The third method of deposit allows the surplus funds generated by the previous method to be returned to the utility (or deficits paid by the utility) in order to use the funds more efficiently.

The method of straight-line, negative salvage value depreciation maintains a fund that will grow at a constant rate (no interest) that will take the fund to the value of the decommissioning cost expected at the end of facility life.

The adjusted, straight-line, negative salvage value deprecia-tion method allows the annual payments to the fund to be increased yea,'ly according to the inflation rate.

The total value of funds needed for decommissioning the facility at the time of decommissioning is always a part of the output.

Provision is made in the program for backfitting funding to existing facilities.

(See input instruc-tions section 5.)

The results of the program runs can be compared in any of three monetary systems:

inflated dollars (unadjusted), discounted 1975 dollars (effective interest adjusted), and constant 1975 dollars (inflation adjusted).

In the last case, the inflation rate of reactor costs can be different than the overall national inflation rate.

The program will only accept constant interest and inflation rates.

I635 gy, The progrs;n cutput includes the funds needed to decommission the facility at the time of decommissioning, the fractior, of costs covered by the chosen funding method, the actual expenditures made to the fund, and the charge rates (mills per kwhr or $ per cubic fort of waste) needed tu generate these funds.

The program will do single case calculations or parametric studies (sensitivity analyses).

Parnmetric studies can be made of any of the following variables; inflation rate, interest rate, tax rate, decommissioning mode used, and funding method used; versus actual facility lifetime, actual delay to final decommis-sioning, or any of the other listed variables.

For single cases the program can also determine the methods of decommissioning that are possible with the funds on hand at the time of decommissioning.

1635 073 2.0 Medel Description 2.0.1 g mpounding Formulas Throughout the model, compounding of interest and inflation is a central problem.

Methods used in the references to calculate these effects include series calcula-tions (ref. 1) and approximations (ref. 7).

Since series calculations take a long time and are not easy to work wii.h, in this model the series calculations are transformed to analytic equations by the following method:

Given (1+A)i-I = 1+(1+A)+(1+A)2+..

+(1+A)N-1 = Sum i=1 where A can be Y,X, or X* TAU.

Sum = [(1+A)+(1+A)2+(1+A)3+... +(1+A)"] / (1+A).

One can see that the term in the brackets is the same as the origin 31 sum, with the addition of two terms:

(1+A)N and -1.

Therefore the term in the brackets is just:

Sum + (1+A)" - 1, and Sum = [ Sum + (1+A)N - 1] / (1+A).

Solving for Sum, we get:

Sum =f*((1+A)"-1).

Similarly, a summation of the form:

N2 (1+C)I * (1+B)"'I is equal to:

i=1

((1+B)" - (1+C)") / D where D = (B-C) / (1+C)

Thus when terms of the forms ((1+A)N - 1) / A or ((1+B)" - (1+C)") / D appear, they are merely simplified forms of the standard series equations.

1635 074 2.1 Major Routines in the Model 2.1.1

COST

Cost of decommissioning subroutine The subroutine

COST

is the central routine in the DECOST package.

It calculates the funds needed, funds available, payments needed, and charge rates for the various scenarios.

It can be run outside of the package without modification.

Individual case parameters are transferred from the *DECOST* or

STORE

routines, and the costs and funds are calculated in this routine and its subroutines.

The main input parameters in the package are defined below:

X:

interest rate (discount rate)

Y:

inflation rate (escalation rate)

T:

tax rate IDECOM:

method of decommissioning IFND:

method of funding TRSU:

time to reactor (fund) startup ERL:

expected (planned) reactor lifetime ARL:

actual reactor lifetime IRT:

reactor (facility) type PD:

planned delay to final decommissioning AD:

actual delay to final decommissioning ACST(IRT):

the annual costs for decommissioning (in 1975 dollars)

CINIT(IDECOM,IRT):

the initial capital outlay (in 1975 dollars) needed to decommission the reactor ACST and CINIT values are already incorporated into the model as part of the data.

1635 075 The tax adjustment parameter (TAU) is:

TAU = 1 - T The effective interest rate (Z) is:

Z = (X

TAU - Y) / (1+Y)

The final value of the cost of decommissioning (FV) at the end of the expected facility life time is FV = [CINIT(IDECOM,IRT)

TAU + FPD(IDECOM)] * (1+Y)TRSU+ERL + CAPFNL FPD(IDECOM) is the 1975 fund for post-decommissioning costs and is equal to:

FPD(IDECOM)=ACST(IDECOM)* TAU *[1-(1f+X* TAU)

]/Z or ACST(IDECOM)

TAU / Z depending on whether there is or is not a second step in decommissioning PD years after the first step.

CAPFNL is the amount of capital needed at the expected end of reactor life to cover the final mode of decommissioning (if any) at the end of the planned delay period.

CAPFNL = CSTEND

TAU / (1 + X

TAU)PD where CSTEND is the finai cost of deconmissioning at the end of the planned delay period.

CSTEND = DCC * (1 + Y)TRSU+ERL+PD 3r 1635 0'0

9_

where DCC is the 1975 decommissioning capital cost for the final mode of decommissioning, is calculated in *TIMEFN*, and depends on radioactive decay.

COST

calls the subroutine *DECFND* to find FVARL-the actual fund available at the end of the actual facility lifetime.

If one wants results for the period before initial decommissioning,

COST

calculates the actual cost (FVC0ST) at ARL; FVCOST = FV * (1+Y)ARL-ERL and the fraction of costs (FRAC) covered by the fund at ARL; FRAC = FVARL / FVCOST.

If one wants results for the period after initial decommissioning,

COST

calculates the final value of the decommissioning fund (FVDF).

FVDF = (FV - CAPITL) + ANNUAL * [(1+Y)AD - (1 + X

TAU)AD] / Z where CAPITL is the capital outlay for original decommissioning CAPITL = CINIT(IDECOM,IRT)

TAU * (1+Y)TRSU+ERU,

and ANMUAL is the annual cost of decommissioning ANNUAL = ACST(IDECOM)

TAU * (1+Y)TRSU+ERL

TIMEFN* is called to get a value of DCC for the actual delay time and FVCOST is calculated the same as before.

FVC0ST = DCC * (1+Y)TRSU+ERL+AD FRAC is calculated the same as before.

FRAC = FVDF / FVCOST 1635 077 In either of the above cases (before or after decommissioning) the subroutine

COST

calls the subroutine

MONEY

to translate the values calculated into the desired comparison system.

2.1.2

DECFND*

Decommissioning Funding Subroutine Subroutine *DECFND* supplies

COST

with the appropriate fund values for the different methods of funding chosen.

The final value of the fund (FVARL) at ARL is:

for IFND = 1 (flat rate sinking fund):

FVARL = ANN)

RATE * ((1 + X

TAU)ARL - 1) / (X

TAU) for IFND = 2 (escalating-fee sinking fund):

FVARL = ANN

RATE * ((1 + X

TAU)ARL _ () y)ARL) / Z 2

for IFND = 3 or 4 (deposit):

FVARL = DEP

(1 + X

TAU) 3-4 for IFND = 5 (deposit):

FVARL = DEP * (1+Y)ARL 5

for IFND = 6 (St.-line depreciation):

FVARL = ANN

RATE

ARL 6

1635 078 for IFND = 7 (adjusted st.-line depreciation):

FVARL = ANN

RATE * (1+Y) * ((1+Y)ARL _ )) j y 7

The charge rate (CR) is CR) = ANN

FACT *.15855 / TAU 2 = ANN

FACT *.15855 * (1+Y)ARL / TAU CR CR3-4 = DEP3-4

FACT *.15855 / (ERL

TAU)

CR5 = DEP5

FACT *.15855 * (1/ TAU - RET) / ERL where RET = (X

TAU - Y) * ((1+Y)ERL _)) j y CR ANN

FACT *.15855 / TAU 6

6

FACT *.15855 * (1+Y)ARL/ TAU CR7 = ANN 7 and the net outlay at ARL (CASH) is:

CASH = [CRF*ARL/ TAU-RTN] + ANN *ESCL* RATE *ARL/ TAU 5 = (X

TAU - Y) * ((1+Y)ARL _ )) j y where RTN 3-4-5 = DEP * (X2* TAU) * (1+X2* TAU) RL / ((1+X2* TAU)ERL_j) and CRF The annual contribution (ANN) to the sinking fund is:

ANN; = FV

X / ((1 + X

TAU)ERL _ ))

ANN = FV

Z / ((1 + X

TAU)ERL _ (),y)ERL) 2 ANN 6 = FV / ERL 7 = FV

Y / (((1+Y)ERL _ j), () y))

ANN The deposit made (DEP) is:

3 = FV / (1 + X

TAU)ERL DEP 4-5 = FV / (1+Y)ERL DEP 1635 079 X2 is the rate of interest that the utility pays on borrowed funds.

RATE is the factor for changes in the rate of fill for a LLW site (RATE =1 normally and = ERL/ARL otherwise).

FACT is the factor that changes mills per kilowatt-hours into dollars per cubic foot for LLW sites.

FACT = ERL / 21. / CAP /.15855 where CAP is the capacity ratio of low-level waste disposal site to the generic-sized low-level waste disposal site volume of 21 million cubic feet.

ESCL is the escalation adjustment factor for escalating-fee funds.

ESCL = ((1+Y)ARL - 1) * (1+Y) / (Y

ARL)

The factor.15855 converts $M/yr into mills per kilowatt-hour for a 1.2 GWe plant operating at a 60% capacity factor.

(.15855 * [$M/yr] = mills / kwhr) 9 (10 mills),(8760 hr) * (1.2x106 kw), ( 3 )

1 year 1

1

15855

=

$M 2.1.3

MONEY

Value of Money Subroutine The subroutine

MONEY

translates the calculated funds and costs into the system desired by the user.

It will translate from unadjusted (inflated) dol-lars to escalated or discounted dollars.

If MNY = 1, the subroutine merely returns control to the

COST

subroutine.

If not, the factor A represents the comparison rate, A = Y,Z,or Y2 for MNY = 2,3, or 4.

1635 080 The subroutine therefore gives results in constant 1975 dollars, discounted 1975 dollars, or constant 1975 dollars with the inflation rate on reactors (Y) different from the general inflation rate (Y2); when MNY = 2,3, or 4 respectively.

The values of FVCOST and CR are then:

FVCOST = FVCOSTg (original) / (1+A)YR g (original) / (1+A)YR CR = CR where YR is the number of years from 1975, and is equal to TRSU+RL (the sum of the time to facility startup and the facility lifetime).

The total outlays (CASH) are then:

if IFND = 1,3,4, or 6:

g (1 - 1/(1+A)PL) / (A

RL) / (1+A)TRSU CASH = CASH if IFND = 2 or 7:

CASH = CASH

Y * (RRL _ )) j ((),y)RL - 1)/ (Y-A) / (1+A)TRSU g

where R = (1+Y) / (1+A).

if IFND = 5; CASH = CASH + CRF * ((1 - 1/(1+A)RL)/A - RL) g RL

+ DEP * (Y - X

TAU) * (1+Y) * [(R -1)/(Y-A) - (1+Y)RLjy) 2.1.4

TIMEFN*

Radioactive Decay Time Function of Dismantling Costs The subroutine *TIMEFN* calculates the 1975 costs of dismantling a reactor as affected by radioactive decay.

All radioactive decay is assumed to bring 1635 081 savings by allowing different treatment of some portion of dismantling.

This savings is assumed to be in the form of a step-function at a given time (break-point).

This routine can be run apart from the main routine without modification.

BP(#,IRT) is a breakpoint.

Radioactive decay at this point has brought a dis-count of some kind.

DC(#,IRT,IDECOM) is the dismantling cost for a reactor after the previous break-point.

There are up to 2 breakpoints (3 values of DC) for a reactor in this version of the code.

If the delay time is less than BP(1,IRT), DCC= DC(1,IRT,IDECOM).

If the delay time is between BP(1,IRT) and BP(2,IRT), DCC = DC(2,IRT,IDECOM).

If the delay time is greater than BP(2,IRT), DCC = DC(3,IRT,IDECOM).

IDECOM, in this case, is the original method of decommissioning; mothballing or entombment.

2.2 Other Model Routined 2.2.1

POSDEC*

Possible Decommissioning Subroutine Subroutine *POSDEC* determines which (if any) methods of decommissioning can be paid for by existing funds at the actual end of reactor life.

The sub-routine can run apart from the main program without modification.

The routine 1635 082 can be given the funds available from another source or it will calculate the funds available by using the

COST

subroutine.

If X* TAU)Y, the program works through the available modes of decommissioning from the least expensive to the cost expensive methods.

If X* TAU <Y, then only dismantling is checked.

(If any step is unsuccessful the subroutine moves to the next mode of initial decommissioning.)

(1) Check for the ability to mothball indefinitely:

If FVARL > [CINIT(IRT,cothball) + ACST(mothball)/Z]

TAU * (1+Y)ARL+TRSU mothballing is possible.

(2) Check for the ability to mothball and entomb after some delay to build up funds:

The subroutine *SUBDLY* is called to calculate the delay time needed to build the fund.

If the delay time is less than 1,000 years the delayed entombment is successful.

(3) Check for the ability to mothball and delay dismantling:

SUBDLi* is called and if the delay time is less than 1,000 years, this step is successful.

1635 083 (4) Check for the ability to entomb indefinitely:

If FVARL > [CINIT(IRT, entomb) + ACST(entomb)/Z]

TAU * (1+Y)ARL+TRSU entombment is successful.

(5) Check for entombment with delayed dismantling:

SUBDLY* is called and if the delay time is less than 1,000 years, then this step is successful.

(6) Check for the ability to dismantle immediately:

If FVARL > [CINIT(IRT, dismantle) + ACST(dismantle)/Z]

TAU * (1+Y)ARL+TRSU this step is successful.

2.2.2

SUBDLY*

Delayed Decommissioning Subroutine The subroutine *SUBDLY* calculates the delay time to final decommissioning given the initial and final modes of decommissioning a reactor, and the funds in the bank at initial decommissioning.

This routine can run outside of the main routine without modification.

For delayed dismantling, the delay time until financial ability to decommis-sioning is:

DELAY = [ log (DCC(#,IDECOM,IRT)) - ACST(IDECOM )/Z + PLUS1] / DENOM j

where PLUSl = log [(1+Y)ARL+TRSU] - log (FVARL - YINIT),

DENOM = log (1 + X

TAU) - log (1+Y),

1635 084 and YINIT = [CINIT(IDECOM,IRT) + ACST(IDECOM )/Z]

TAU * (1+Y)TRSU+ARL j

j Since, in this version, the variable DC takes on three values depending on time (DELAY), three separate calculations are made to determine if DELAY is affected by the step functions at the breakpoints (see graph).

DC(1) ne m

/

t

/

C

.2 DC(3)

&g A

E TO i

i o

i i

i I

BP(1)

'BP(2)

DELAY

2. 3 Computer Control Routines 2.3.1

DECOST*

Control Routine This routine is the main control routine and controls the input.

It also con-trols the output of the program for single case calculations.

All data is tested and input errors are noted.

Control is transferred to the

SWITCH

subroutine at this point if a parametric study is to be made.

If a parametric study is not be made, the routine goes directly to the

COST

subroutine, receives the output, and prints the results.

The program checks to see if the actual facility lifetime is different than the expected facility lifetime.

If this is the case, the routine will transfer control to be *POSDEC* (possible decommissioning) subroutine. When control is returned to the *DECOST* routine, 1635 085 the program returns to the input for more data.

The program is stopped by a blank input card.

2.3.2

SWITCH

Parametric Study Control Switching Routine The

SWITCH

subroutine takes control from the *DECOST* routine for parametric studies.

The independent variables (inflation rate, interest rate, tax rate, decommissioning mode, or funding method) are chosen, the step sizes for varia-tion of the independent and the comparison variable are found, and the indepen-dent variables are prepared for calculation against the comparison variable (any of the above variables plus facility lifetime and final decommissioning delay time).

Control is then transferred to the

STORE

subroutine which stores the results for each independent variable case.

When control is returned to

SWITCH *, the subroutine

TABLE

prints out the values stored by

STORE *.

Control is then returned to *DECOST*.

2.3.3

STORE

Subroutine The

STORE

subroutine receives the individual cases for parametric variation, feeds them into the

COST

subroutine, and stores the output for that case set before returning control to

SWITCH

for printout.

In addition,

STORE

checks for unworkable combinations of reactor type, decommissioning method, inflation rate, tax rate, and interest rate.

In these cases, the output 20 values are set to 10 to deliberately overrun the output formats.

In this way, an unworkable combination is indicated by a series of asterisks on printout.

1635 086 2.3.4

TABLE

Subroutine The

TABLE

subroutine prints the results of the parametric studies for each independent variable case in a tabular form.

1635 087 3.0 Data Used The data used for the generic numbers in this model are listed in the following tables.

Reactor data is from the AIF/NESP-009 study, and LLWS data is extended to a generic site from the Report of the Special Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste Disposal No. 142 Kentucky, October 1977.

Since the latter data is in 1977 dollars, the data in the program is reduced by a factor 1.154 - which is the national inflation recorded for the period 1975-1977.

The LLWS data used for decommissioning methods 3 and 4 are averages of four similar methods using different suppliers' equipment.

Results from the Battelle PWR decommissioning report (without the 25% contingency factor and adjusted for inflation) are shown in parentheses.

1635 gyg TABLE la Decommissioning Capital Costs ($M 1975) for Entire Installation Mothball Entomb Dismantle BWR 2.45 7.58 31.1 PWR 2.31(NA) 7.40 (8.17) 26.9 (27.3)

HTGR 2.30 5.70 28.0 TABLE lb Decommissioning Capital Costs ($M 1975) for Reactor Only Mothball Entomb Dismantle BWR 2.45 7.58 20.9 PWR 2.31(NA) 7.40(8.17) 17.4(22.1)

HTCR 2.30 5.70 17.1 TABLE 2a Capital Costs of Dismantling after a Delay Period "t" for Entire Installation ($M 1975) t

_t _

t i

2 2

BWR - mothball 28.7 21.7 11.7 BWR entomb 27.8 23.8 11 '

PWR - mothball 24.6(NA) 19.5(NA) ll.0(NA)

PWR - entomb 23.4(NA) 21.0(23.8) 10.8(19.6)

HTGR - mothball 25.8 25.1 15.5 HTGR - entomb 24.5 24.5 14.5 1635 089 TABLE 2b Capital Costs of Dismantling after a Delay Period "t" after Initial Mothball or Entombment for Reactor Only ($M 1975) t t

tn i

2 BWR - mothball 18.5 11.5 1.5 BWR - entomb 18.1 14.1 1.5 PWR - mothball 15.l(NA) 10.0(NA) 1.5(NA)

PWR - entomb 14.l(NA) 11.7(18.6) 1.5(14.4)

HTGR - mothball 14.9 14.2 4.6 HTGR - entomb 14.6 14.6 4.6 TABLE 3 "t" Values for Tables 2a and 2b t

t tn 3

2 BWR 0 yr 52 yr 104 yr PWR 0 yr(0) 85 yr(2.5) 108 yr(50)

HTGR 0 yr 42 yr 65 yr TABLE 4 Annual Cests of Decommissioning

($M 1975) mothball:

.167(NA) entomb:

.058(.052 for " safe storage")

dismantle:

.000(.000) 1635 090 TABLE 5 Low Level Waste Sites Decommissioning Mode Used Purpose 1

2 3

4 Capital Costs (1977 $K)

Tractor 8

8 8

8 Evaporator 475 475 Total 8

8 483 483 Annual Costs (1977 $K)

Bldg. and fence maint.

5 5

Vegetative cover maint.

1 1

(seed and Fertilizer)

Trench capping:

materials:

10 10.7

1 abor:

12 12.9

contingency:

2 3

2.1

equip. rental:

17 18.2 Labor 12 12 14.5 14.5 Equipment replacement 2

2 2

2 Surveillance and monitoring 20 20 25 25 Water management:

Evaporator replacement:

7.15 7.15

Drums, cement, excavation, maint.

5. 8 5.8 Total constant costs (annual) 40 40 54.6 54.6

Total volume dependent costs (annual) 41 88 49.7 Total 40 81 63.4 104.3 1635 091 4.0 Extending the Program 4.1 New Facilities (temporary addition to the program)

Data for certain reactor types must be replaced by the new facility data.

It does not matter which facility is replaced so long as the annual costs and capital costs of decommissioning the new facility are treated the same way as those for the facility that is replaced.

Note:

one must determine if the annual decommissioning costs of the new facility have a high dependence on a variable that is directly realated to the actual length of time the facility operates.

If this is the case, the low-level waste site sections of the program must be used, and some minor program changes may have to be made.

4.2 New Facilities (permanent addition to program)

Addition of new facilities to the program requires some array dimension increases and minor program changes.

Any variable or routine that depends on the variable IRT must be checked or changed. All facility data is in the BLOCK DATA sub-routine.

Possible program changes will be needed in routines DECOST, SWITCH, STORE.

COST, BLOCK DATA, and DECFND.

Dimension changes must be made in the COST, BLOCK DATA, TIMEFN, POSDEC, and SUBDLY routines.

4.3 New Data Simply replace the existing data with the data that is to be used (e.g., the Battelle numbers included in tables 1-4 can be used).

1635 092

.-_ 4.4 Variable Interest Rates A projected interest and/or inflation rate variation can be built into the package by setting up a driver routine such that outputs on a year-by year basis are fed back into the program.

This will also require slight modifi-cation of the *DECFND* subroutine to allow for an initial deposit and annual payments for the sinking fund and negative salvage value depreciation funding methods.

1635 093 5.0 Input Instructions Spaces The variables on the first card are read in the following order:

The variable IBA.

(1-5)

The variable IBA determined certain options in the program.

For reactors (IRT is not 7), IBA is assigned as follows:

0)

If results are desired for the pre-decommissioning period.

1)

If results are desired for the post-decommissioning period.

For low-level waste sites (IRT is 7), IBA is assigned as follows:

0)

If the site is filled at a constant rate regardless of the time that it is closed.

1)

If the site is filled at a rate that will fill the site at the time of closure of the site regard-less of the time that the site operates.

The mode of decommissioning to be used; IDECOM.

(6-10)

IDECOM is an integer that represents the mode of decomis-sioning.

It's value is:

1) Immediate dismantling or no trer :h maintenance 2)

Indefinite mothballing or trero 1 cap reworking

3) Indefinite entombent or trench water management

4) Mothball with delayed dismantle or 2 and 3 combined

5) Entombment with delayed dismantle or (not applicable)

(the first description is for reactors & the second is for a LLWS) 1635 094 Spaces The reactor or facility type; IRT.

(11-15)

IRT must be in integer form and is assigned as follows:

1)

BWR-entire installation 2)

PWR-entire installation 3)

HTGR-entire installation 4)

BWR-reactor only 5)

PWR-reactor only 6)

HTGR-reactor only 7)

LLWS The time to planned facility startup; TRSU.

(16-20)

TRSU represents the number of years from 1975 until the facility begins operation.

In this way existing facilities cnd facilities planned for in the future may be done.

TRSU may be any real number.

To backfit a funding method to an existing facility set TRSU to the time from 1975 to the start of the fund.

The expected (planned) facility life; ERL.

(21-25)

ERL must be in years, and represents the facility life-time expected from startup to final shutdown.

To backfit a funding method to an existing facility set ERL to the time from the start of the fund to the expected facility shutdown.

The actual facility life; ARL.

(26-30)

ARL is the length of time that the facility actually operates, and can be any non-negative number of years.

1635 095 Spaces To backfit a funding method to an existing facility, set ARL to the time from the start of the fund to the actual facility shutdown.

The planned delay to final dismantling; PD.

(31-35)

PD may be any non-negative real number, and represents the planned number of years after plant shutdown that final dismantling will take place.

Note that initial decomis-sioning is assumed to take no time, so delays less than initial decommissioning construction times are meaning-less.

[This variable is not applicable to a LLWS.]

The actual delay to final dismantling; AD.

(36-40)

AD may be any non-negative real number, and represents the number of years that final dismantling is actually delayed.

[This variable is not applicable to a LLWS.]

The ratio of the capacity of the LLWS to the generic LLWS capacity; CAPSLB.

(41-45)

CAPSLB is a real number greater than 0.

[This variable is not used for reactors.] The generic LLWS capacity is 21 million cu. ft.

1635 096 The variables on the second card are read in the following order:

spaces The annual interest rate; X.

(1-5)

X must be in the form of a fraction (i.e. 8% =.08).

This is the interest to be gained in an interest-bearing account by the fund set up to pay for decommissioning.

The annual inflation rate; Y.

(6-10)

Y must be in the form of a fraction (i.e. 6% =.06).

Y represents the inflation rate of reactor costs, and not necessarily the general inflation rate.

The interest rate on borrowed funds; X2.

(11-15)

X2 must be in the form of a fraction (i.e., 10% =.iGL X2 is the rate of interest a utility must pay if it borrows money.

The general inflation rate; Y2.

(16-20)

Y2 must be in the form of a fraction (i.e., 5% =.05).

Y2 represents the general inflation rate to be used for comparison if MNY is 4.

The tax rate; T.

(21-25)

T must be in the form of a fraction (i.e. 40% =.40).

T is the tax that the utility must pay on its earings.

163r 097 Spaces The depreciation time; TDEPR.

(26-30)

TDEPR is the time (in years) that the utility uses for negative salvage value depreciation funding (IFND = 6,7).

If left as zero, the program will calculate what is needed.

The plant capital cost; PC.

(31-35)

PC is the total capital cost to be depreciated for negative salvage value depreciation funding (IFND=6,7).

PC must be in millions of dollars at the time of completion of the plant.

The type of funding to be used; IFND.

(36-40)

IFND must be an integer and is assigned as follows:

1)

Constant-fee sinking fund 2)

Escalating-fee sinking fund 3)

Deposit to cover costs at facility shutdown 4)

Deposit to cover costs at facility startup 5)

Same as 4) but net earnings returned to utility 6)

Straight-line negative salvage value depreciation 7)

Adjusted, straight-line negative salvage value depreciation 1635 098 spaces The variable MNY (41-45)

MNY determines the type of monetary system to be used for com-parison.

MNY must be an integer and is assigned as follows:

1)

Inflated dollars (unadjusted)

2) Constant 1975 dollars (inflation adjusted)

3) Discounted 1975 dollars (effective interest adjusted)

4) Constant 1975 dollars (inflation adjusted at a rate, Y2, which is different from the reactor inflation rate, Y)

The variable NLOOPS.

(46-50)

The variable NLOOPS determines the number of variables in the parametric study.

NLOOPS is normally an integer between 0 and 4.

However, if NLOOPS is less than 0, the program will change some automatic modes when single cases are read.

If NLOOPS is 0 and ARL does not equal ERL, the program will check to see what methods of decon.missioning are financially possible.

If NLOOPS is less than 0 and APL does not equal ERL, the program will not check on other modes of decommissioning.

If NLOOPS is greater than 0, another card will be read to direct the parametric study.

The variables read on this third card are as follows:

1635 099 spaces 10- the parameter to be varied as the comparison variable (1-7)

( l-5)

STP-the step size of the comparison variable (real number not 0) ( 6-10)

I(1)- the first parameter to be varied (1-5)

(11-15)

SMIN(1)- the minimum valt:a of the first parameter (real number)

(16-20)

STEP (1)- the step size of the first parameter (real number not 0)

(21-25)

I(2)- the second parameter to be varied (1-5)

(26-5 SMIN(2)- the minimun: value of the second parameter (real number)

(31-3!

STEP (2)- the step size of the second parameter (real number not 0)

(36-40, I(3)- the third parameter to be varied (1-5)

(41-45)

SMIN(3)- the minimum value of the third parameter (real number)

(46-50)

STEP (3)- the step size of the third parameter (real number not 0)

(51-55)

I(4)- the fourth parameter to be varied (1-5)

(56-60)

SMIN(4)- the minimum value of the fourth parameter (real number)

(61-65)

STEP (4)- the sten sizes of the fourth parameter (real number not 0)

(66-70)

The parameters are (the value of I(n) is assigned) as follows:

1) interest rate. X 8 steps

2) inflation rate, Y 8 steps

3) tax rate, T 8 steps number of steps

4) decommissioning mode, IDECOM 4 steps made if variable

5) funding method, IFND 6 steps is comparison

6) facility lifetime, ARL 8 steps variable.

7) delay to dismantling, AD 8 steps The mid-range value of the parameters X, Y, and T will be that value indicated on the first data card.

The parameters IDECOM and IFND have their largest value set on the first data card.

If the parameter X, Y, or T is to be the comparison variable, its mid-range value is that indicated on the first data card.

If the comparison variable is APL or AD, its maximum value is that indicated on the first data card.

If the compari-son variable is IDECOM, the comparison always works for the values 1-5.

If the comparison variable is IFND, the comparison always works for the values 1-7.

1635 100 6.0 Sample Proolems (x's indicate blanks)

1) A BWR is on-line in 1970, and has an expected life of 30 years.

L)ecomiscioning is to be funded by a deposit with excess funds returned.

Ile fund earns 6% annually and the utility must pay 8% annually for borrowed funds.

The tax rate is assumed to be zero.

Inflation rates for the operating period are expected to average from 3% to 7% annually.

What method of decommissioning is the most economic?

Enter on the first card:

( l-5) xxxx0 (initic: decommissioning)

( 6-10) xxxx5 (method of decommissioning - cannot be 0)

(11-15) xxxxl (BWR installation)

(16-20) xx-5.

(1970 startup)

(21-25) xx30.

(expected years of life)

(26-30) xx30.

(actual years of life)

(31-35) x104.

(delay to final dismantle for a BWR)

(36-40) xxxxx (not applicable - IBA=0)

(41-45) xxxxx (not applicable - not LLWS)

Enter on the second card:

( 1-5) xx.06 (annual interest rate)

( 6-10) xx.05 (middle of inflation range to be studied)

(11-15) xx.08 (interest on borrowed money) 1635 101

._. (16-20) xxxxx (not applicable)

(21-25) xxxxx (not applicable)

(26-30) xxxxx (not applicable)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxx5 (deposit with funds returned)

(41-45) xxxxl (inflated (year 2000) dollars)

(46-50) xxxxl (one parameter to be varied)

Enter on the third card:

( 1-5) xxxx4 (decommissioning mode is the comparison variable)

( 6-10) xxx1.

(ignored in this case - but can't be 0)

(11-15) xxxx2.

(inflation rate to be varied)

(16-20) xx.03 (minimum value of inflation)

(21-25) xx.02 utep size for inflation variations)

(2) A PWR is planned to be added to'a station in 1985 and is expected to operate for 35 years.

The plant is to be dismanted immediately on shutdown.

Decommissioning is to be funded by a constant-fee sinking fund.

The expected interest rate is 6%, the general inflation rate is expected to be 4%, the tax rate is zero, and the decommissioning costs are expected to inflate at a rate of 5% per year.

If the reactor shuts down prematurely at the end of 30 years of operation, what is the shortage of funds at decommissioning, and what can be done for decommissioning with the funds on hand?

1635 102 Enter on the first card:

( l-5) xxxx0 (initial decommissioning)

( 6-10) xxxx1 (dismantling)

(11-15) xxxx5 (PWR reactor)

(16-20) xx10.

(1985 startup)

(21-25) xx35.

(expected lifetime)

(26-30) xx30.

(actual lifetime)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxxx (not applicable)

(41-45) xxxxx (not applicable)

Enter on the second card:

( 1-5) xx.06 (interest rate)

( 6-10) xx.05 (reactor inflation rate)

(11-15) xxxxx (not applicable)

(16-20) xx.04 (general inflation rate)

(21-25) xxxxx (tax rate)

(26-30) xxxxx (not applicable)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxxl (constant-fee sinking fund)

(41-45) xxxx4 (constant 1975 dollars)

(46-50) xxxx0 (no parametric study)

No third card.

1635 103

- _ - _... _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3)

A low-level waste site, with a capacity of 15 million cubic feet, will be opened in 1980.

The site is expected to be filled at a rate that will fill site to capacity in 20 years (750,000 cu. ft. per year).

What will be the effect on the funds available for decommissioning for the different modes of decommissioning, if the fill rate varies from twice the expected rate of fill (10 year operation) to half the expected rate (40 year operation)? The interest rate is 6 1/2%, the inflation rate is 5%, and the tax rate is zero.

The method of funding is to be an escalating-fee sinking fund.

Enter on the first card:

( l-5) xxxx1 (variable fill rate)

( 6-10) xxxx4 (largest value of decommissioning mode)

(11-isi xxxx/

(LLWS) 06-20) mS (1980 startup)

(21-25) xx20.

(expected life)

(26-30) xx40.

(maximum life)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxxx (not applicable)

(41-45)

.7143 (15/21, capacity ratio)

Enter on the second card:

( l-5) x.065 (interest)

( 6-10) xx.05 (inflation) jQk (11-15) xxxxx (not applicable)

(16-20) xxxxx (not applicable)

(21-25) xxxxx (tax rate)

(26-30) xxxxx (not applicable)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxx2 (escalating-fee sinking fund)

(41-45) xxxx2 (constant 1975 dollars)

(46-50) xxxx1 (one parameter to be varied)

Enter on the third card:

( l-5) xxxx6 (LLWS lifetime to be varied)

( 6-10) xxx4.

(step size for lifetime variation)

(11-15) xxxx4 (decommissioning mode to vary)

(16-z0) xxxi.

(minimum value of decommissioning mode)

(21-25) xxx1.

(step size for decommissioning mode) 4)

A PWR installation comes on-line in 1975 and operates for 30 years.

The inflation rate is 5%, the interest rate is 7%, and the utility pays 9% interest on borrowed funds.

The installation is to be dismantled at shutdown.

Compare the funding methods with a tax rate varying from 0 to 60%.

Enter on the first card:

( 1-5) xxxx0 (initial decommissioning)

( 6-10) xxxx1 (dismantling)

(11-15) xxxx2 (PWR installation) 1635 105

___ (16-20) xxx0.

(1975 startup)

(21-25) xx30.

(expected life)

(26-30) xx30.

(actual life)

(31-35) xxxxx (not applicable)

(36-40) xxxxx (not applicable)

(41-45) xxxxx (not applicable)

Enter on the second card:

( l-5) xx.07 (interest rate)

( 6-10) xx.05 (inflation rate)

(11-15) xx.09 (utility interest rate)

(16-20) xxxxx (not applicable)

(21-25) xx.30 (tax rate - middle of range)

(26-30) xxxxx (let program pick TDEPR)

(31-35) 1200.

(PWR plant cost)

(36-40) xxxx7 (funding method - can't be zero)

(41-45) xxxxl (inflated dollars)

(46-50) xxxxl (one parameter to be varied)

Enter on the third card:

( l-5) xxxx5 (funding method to be comparison variable)

( 6-10) xxx1.

(ignored - but cannot be zero)

(11-15) xxxx3 (tax rate variation)

(16-20) xxx0.

(minimum value of tax rate)

(21-25) xx.10 (step size for tax rate variation) 1635 106

THERE ARE SEVEN TYPES OF FACILITIES 1-BUP I SWR INSTALLATION 2-PWR I PWR INSTALLATION 3-HTGRI HTGR INSTALLATION 4-SWR 0 BWR REACTOR ONLY S-PUR 0 PWR REACTOR ONLY 6-HTGRO HTGR REACTOR ONLY 7-LLUS LOW-LEVEL SHALLOW-LAND WASTE SITE THESE ARE FIVE MODES OF DECOMMISSIONING I-IMMEDIATE DISMANTLING < NO TRENCH WORK 2-INDEFINITE MOTHBALLING/ TRENCH CAP RE-WORK 3-INDEFINITE ENTOMSMENT/ TRENCH WATER MANAGEMENT 4-MOTHBALLING FOR ESDLY YEARS FCLLOWED BY DISMANTLING / COMBINATIDH OF 2 AND 3 5-ENTOMBMENT FOR ESDLY YEARS FOLLouCD BY DISMANTLING / MOT APPLICABLE THEPE ARE SEVEN METHODS OF FUNDING DECOMMISSIONING I-CFSF USE OF A CONSTANT-FEE SINKING FUND TO COVER DECOMMIS$10NING COSTS AT ERL 2-EFSF USE OF AN ESCALATING-FEE SINKING FUND TO COVER DECOMMISSIONING COSTS AT ERL 3-D ERL A DEPOSIT AT TRSO TO COVER DECOMMISSIONING COSTS AT ERL 4-D TRS A DEPOSIT AT TRSU TO COVER THE DECOMMISSIONING COSTS AT TRSU S-D RTM SAME AS 4-BitT NET EARNINGS ON FUND RETURNED TO UTILITY 6-SLDPR USE OF STRAIGHT-LINE NEGATIVE SALUAGE UALUE CEPRECI ATION 7-ASLDP USE OF ADJUSTED STRAIGHT-LINE NEGATIVE SALVAGE VALUE DEPRECIATION O,

r4 O9 THEPE HPE FOUR UAYS TO COMPARE MONEY I-INFLD INFLATED (UNADJUSTED) DOLLARS k

g pq 2-CONST CONSTANT 1975 DOLLARS (IMFLATION ADJUSTED) 13 o

n 3-DISCT DISCOUNTED 1975 DOLLARS (EFFECTIVE INTEREST ADJUSTED) s 4-CNST2 CONSTANT 1975 DOLLAR > (INFLATION ADJUSTED AT A DIFFERENT RATE (INFL2))

a C

O s

,93 rt 0

13 FTY*E = TYPE OF FUNDING USED FOR INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING (I-7) cr c

RTYPE = REACTOR TVPE (I-73 rt MTYPE = TYPE OF MONEY COMPARISON USED (I-4)

O DECUM = THE TYPE OF DECOMMISSIONING USED (1-S) 3 TRSU = TIME TO REACTOR STARTUP (YEARS)

ERL = EXPECTED REACTOR LIFETIME EVEARS)

(yg ARL = ACTUAL REACTOR LIFETIME (VEARS)

ESDLY THE PLANNED DELAY TO FINAL DISMANTLING (YEARS )

=

(,.e J ACDLY THE ACTUAL DELAY 70 FINAL DISMANTLING (YEARS)

=

E Il INT = THE ANNUAL INTEREST RATE (FRACTION)

INT 2 = INTEREST RATE PAID BY UTILITY (FRACTION)

INFL = THE AtNUAL INFLATION RATE (FRACTION)

INFL2 = THE INFLATION RATE USED FOR COMPARIS0N IF MTWE = 4 (FRACTION)

~

TAX = THE ANNUAL TAX RATE (FRACTION)

(((>

TDEPR = THE DEPRECIATION TIME FOR THE PLANT FOR IFND=G,7 (YEARS)

PCST = THE CAPITAL COST FOR THE PLANT (SM)

%d CAPSL = THE UOLUME RATIO 0F A LLUS TO THE GENERIC LLW3 FILL = THE TIME AT WHICH LLUS IS FILLED (ERL OR ARL)

ACOST = ACTUAL COST OF DECOMMISSIONING AT THE INDICATED TIME (SM)

FRAC = THE FRACTION OF DECOMMISSIONING COSTS PAID F00t BY THE FUND CASH = ACTUAL PAYMENTS MADE TO THE FUND (SM)

CHRGE = CHARGES TO PAY FOR DECOMMISSIONING (M/KWH OR t1/CU. FT. FOR A LLUS) AT THE TIME INDICATED

THAT COMBINATION OF REACTOR T/PE, DECOMMISSIONING MODE, INTEREST RATE. AND INFLATION RATE IS NOT POSSIBLE

RTYPE = Sut !

TRSU = -5.0 YRS.

ERL = 30.0 YRS.

ESDLV *194.0 YRS.

CAPSL =.000 MTYPE = IWLD INT 2 =.480 IWL2

.000 PLCST =

-0.

TCEPR =33333 Yar$.

INT =

.060 TAX = -0.000 FTYPE = 5.000 ARL = 30.000 ACDLv = -e.eee FOR T E PERIOD BEFORE INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING IWLATION RATE TYPE OF DECORRISSIONING 1.000 2.000 3.000 3 4.000 5.000

- - - - s***************************stssst***sassassssssssss***

COST TO DEC0f541SSION, FRACTION COVERED, 3

ACTUAL EXPENDITURES, AND CHARCE RATE -

R/KWH OR S/CU FT

.030

65.1 17.1 20.0

17.8 21.4 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

1.0000 1.9464 33.200 8.736 10.218 8 9.058 10.714

.1755

.e462

.6540 *

.4479

.0566

- - Ettis* SE**t* Sit ES$3SSSSSE S$3*S** SSSSSS S ESS $3 S S*$ $ $ 5833 SS ESS S sS 883333

.454 8 105.3 67.7 46.3

64.3 52.7 8

1.0004 1.0000 1.0000 8 1.0000 1.0000 B

'O 48.746 31.324 21.426 3 27.912 24.415

.2576

.1655

.1132 *

.1475

.1290 Q

f a

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t t ss t S

S 8333383888333333538: 388388 s t $ ss s s t s s t s w

.g.

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.070

168.8 ********* *********

342.4 258.3 9

8 O

1.0006

- - - - ss

sss**sts

1.0000 1.000e 3

80.035 ********* *********

162.370 122.474 3

.4230 S$3stt***

- - - - 3

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3 s

u L.D CO

RTYPE DECOM TRSU ERL ARL ESDLY TDEPR PCST INT INFL IN1:2 INFL2 TAX FTYPE MTYPE ACOST FRAC CASH CHRCE PWP 0 1

10.0 35.0 30.0

-0.0 *****

-0.

.660

.450

.000

.040

.000 CFSF CMST2 25.S

.905 16.39

.0463 CAN ENTOMB INCEFINITELY AT ARL CAN ENTOMB AT ARL AND DISMANTLE AFTER

96. VEARS (n

EJ3 V

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7

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RTYPE = LIMS TRSU =

5.0 YRS.

ERL = 20.0 YRS.

ESDLY = -0.8 VRS.

CAPSL =.714 MTYPE = CONST INT 2 =.000 INFL2 =.000 PLCST =

-0.

TDEPR attssa YRS.

INT =

.eG6 IWL =

.eSe TAX = -0.000 FTYPE = 2.000 dfDLv = -0.044 FOL TNE PERIOD BEFOLE INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING LLUS IS FILLED AT A RATE THAT WILL FILL IT AT ARL fmDE OF DECORRISSIONING ACTUAL YEARS OF SERVICE 8.000 12.000 16.000

24.949 24.000 28.060

22.000 36.000 40.000 3

- - - - 2833223**;*****************************************ssas********sssssssssssssssarastassattsssssssas COST TO DISMANTLE. FRACTION COVERED, ACTUAL SPENDING, AND FINAL CHARGE RATE - M/KWH OR SeCU FT 1.000

2.5 2.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 s

2.5 2.5 2.5

.8435

.8927

.9448 8 1.0000 1.0584 1.1202 3 1.1856 1.2543 1.3288 *

.997 1.140 1.225 3 1.282 1.321 1.350

1.371 1.387 1.399 3

.2233

.1233

.1233 *

.1233

.1233 *

.1233

.1233 *

- - - - s************sts****************ssts***************sts**ttsassasssas**ss**********stsssssssssssssssssats 2.000 3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 s

4.3 4.3 4.3 w

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1.0000 1.0584 1.1202 3 1.1856 1.2548 1.3289

ns 1.728 1.975 2.123 3 2.221 2.289 2.338 3 2.375 2.403 2.425 3 3

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1.1856 1.2548 1.3280

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3

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u LT1 M

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RT'.TE = PWR '

TRSU =

0.0 YRS.

ERL = 30.0 YRS.

ESDLY = -0.0 YRS.

CAPSL *.000 MTYPE = INFLD INT 2 =.990 IWL2 =.400 PLCST *1200.

TDEPR 33333 YRS.

IHT *

.07e INFL =

.05e DECOM = 1.eee ARL = 30.000 ACDLY = -0.000 FOR THE PERIOD SEFORE INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING T.W NTE TYPE OF Ft>NDING USED s

1.000 2 0e0 3.000 s 4.049 5.000 6.See s 7.400 asstatsssssssssssssss********ss***sassasssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssa COST TO DEC0f1 MISSION, FRACTION COVERED. ACTUAL EXPENDITURES, AND CHARGE RATE - M/KWH OR S/CU FT s

0.000 s 116.3 116.3 116.3 3 116.3 116.3 113.3 3 116.3 3

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

t.7613 1.0000 1.0000 s 1.000s a

36.923 35.515 44.598

78.554 42.886 116.260 s 116.260

.1951

.3489

.2357 s

.4151

.2262

.6144

1.1428 ss***s:ssts**s sts***stssssssastsass*****ss*** s****ssessssssssas**stssssssssssssssssssssasts

.100 s 104.6 104.6 104.6 s 104.6 104.6 104.6

104.6 3

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 s 1.4465 1.0000 1.0000 s 1.0000 un 3

41.846 43.244 50.025

72.361 51.451 116.260 s 116.268

.2211

.4248

.2644 s

.3824

.2719

.6144 s 1.1420 33

- - - - ssss**4ss****ssasssssssssssssssss****stsstas****sssssssssssssss**sts**** stas *******ssst n

a E

.200 s 93.9 93.0 93.0 3 93.0 93.0 93.0 s 93.0 un Jr

,o 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3 1.1864 1.0000 1.0000

1.0000 0

w a

47.319 52.723 55.928 3 66.345 57.766 116.260 3 116.26e 8'

.2501

.5179

.2955 s

.3506

.3953

.6144 s 1.1429 aseatsas******ssasssssssssssssssenssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssa

.n

.300 :

St.4 81.4 81.4 s 81.4 81.4 81.4 s 81.4 3

s 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 3

.9718 1.0000 1.0999 2 1.0009 s

53.405 63.420 62.277

60.522 61.773 116.260

116.260

.2822

.6230

.3291 *

.3199

.3265

.6144 s

1.1420 g

asssssssssssssstss **stssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss**ssssssssssssssssstastasss**

W

.400 69.8 69.8 69.8 8 69.8 69.8 69.8 s 69.8 s

1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 s

.7950 1.0000 1.0000

1.0098 3

60.139 69.736 69.977

54.914 63.493 116.260

116.260

.317F

.6850

.3651 s

.2902

.3356

.6144

1 1420 assssssss***********stsass*ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssas*******sssst****sss*********sssssa

.500 3 58.1 58.1 58.1 58.1 58.1 51.1 a

58.1 3

1.0000 1.0049 1.0000 s

.6494 1.0000 1.(088 s 1.0990 s

67.563 76.478 76.287 s 49.543 62.947 116.260 s 116.268 s

.3571

.7511 4032 *

.2618

.3327

.6144 1 1.1420

- - - - sts*****stsssss*****ssas***sssssssssssssssssssss***ssssssss****sssssssssast. *sss**sts:

.See s 46.5 46.5 46.5 s

46.5 46.5 46.5 46.5 a

1.0000 1.0000 1.teet a

.5298 1.eeee 1.90ee :

1.0000 75.717 83.621 83.866

44.429 60.157 116.260 s 116.264 4042

.8214

.4432 *

.2348

.3179

.6144 3

1.1429 sss******stsas*****ss**sts*****ssas****sssstas**sasassasssssssssssss*******ssss?sss**ss** sts

. a :c -

s.._

.. - [' ' ~,) jyp

+

i t [

~

.~"#j g

. -.. -~_:, w.y.a_ w -

.r.

!)

. g 44 -

s 0

1 7.0 Comments on Low-level Disposal Sites

~ l The data for decommissioning low-level waste disposal sites appears considerably more detailed and easier to obtain than that for reactors.

The program as it stands now should be able to accurately predict the costs of decommissioning a LLWS by using the actual volume (capacity) of the site in CAPSLB and (for greater accuracy) by using data supplied from the site and by suppliers of equip-ment used at the site in Table 5-as

',t is detailed enough for this purpose.

Note that after a low-level waste disposal site is released from administrative controls, the maintenance fund will return its full (inflated) value to the treasury from which it came as there are no " dismantling" costs similar to reactor dismantling needed.

n a

M' s

e e -

5 1-JWk 4

e ne

'M N

1635 112

---.-=~---m

4

_... ~ _........,... -

e TABLE 6 The number of years when the total annual payments made to that date are more than the amount needed to pay the costs forever with a deposit at year 1.

N = (1 + inflation) / (interest - inflation)

Interest

.06

.08

.10

.12

.04 52 26 17 13 Inflation

.06 53 26 18

.08 54 27

.10 54 TABLE 7 If a deposit is made to pay costs for 'N' years, (a) 5% and (b) 10% more of a deposit will pay the costs forever.

N = log (1 + increase) j jgg (1 + inflation) increase 1 + interest la 5%

Interest

.06

.08

.10

.12

.04 160 81 54 14

.06 163 82 55 Inflation

.08 166 84

.10 169 7b 10%

Interest

.06

.08

.10

.12

.04 126 64 43 32

.06 128 65 43 Inflation

.08 131 66

.10 133 1 (5 25 51 1 3 REFERENCES (1) Technology, Safety, and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Pressurized Water Reactor Power Station.

NUREG/CR-0130, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratory for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, June 1978 (2) An Engineering Evaluation of Nuclear Power Reactor Decommissioning Alternatives.

AlF/NESP-009, Atomic Industrial Forum, Inc., Nov. 1976 (3) A Preliminary Report on Light Water Reactor Decommissioning Costs GU 5295, Gulf United Nuclear Fuels Corporation, Jan. 1973 (4) Report of the Special Advisory Committee on Nuclear Waste Disposal.

No. 142, Kentucky, Oct. 1977 (4 Economic Analysis of Funding Arrangements for Maintenance, Surveillance, and Contingency Costs Associted with Burial of Low-Level Radioactive Waste in South Carolina, AE 379, Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Clemson University for South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Dec. 1974 (6) Technology, Safety and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plant.

NUREG-0278, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratory for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Oct. 1977.

(7) Statement to the ACRS Subcommittee of Nuclear Power Plants Regarding Decommissioning Nuclear Power Generating Units, An Economic Analysis Jack Roberts, USNRC, June 29, 1977

\\655 \\\\A FORTRAN LISTING 1635 115

DECK DECOST PROGRAM DECOST(INPUT,0UTPUT)

C-C-

C-THIS PROGRAM IS DESIGNED TO CALCULATE THE COSTS OF, AND C-EUALUATE THE PAYMENT FOR DECOMMISSIONING OF NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS C-UNDER VARYING CONDITIONS.

THE PROGRAM IS BASED ON THE AIF/NESP-009 C-STUDY AND THE REPORT OF THE SPECIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON 0-NUCLEAR UASTE DISPOSAL NO. 142 KENTUCKY, OCT. 1977.

C-THE PROGRAM IS BASED ON NUCLEAR REACTORS OF APPROXIMATELY 1150 C-MEGAUATTS ELECTRICAL POWER OUTPUT AND LLU BURIAL SITES OF 21 C-MILLION CUBIC FOOT CAPACITY.

THE PROGRAM UILL'UORK FOR BOILING-C-

UATER, PRESSURIZED-WATER, AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTORS C-IN ANY OF FIVE DECOMMISSIONING MODES DISMANTLING, MOTHBALLING, C-ENTOMBMENT, MOTHBALLING AND DISMANTLING, AND ENTOMBMENT AND C-DISMANTLING.

IT WILL ALSO UORK FOR LLU BURIAL SITES IN ANY OF a

C-FOUR DECOMMISSIONING MODES; NO TRENCH MAINTENANCE, TRENCH CAP

?

C-RE-UORKING, TRENCH UATER MANAGEMENT, AND A COMBINATION OF THE TU0 C-MAINTENANCE METHODS.

C-THE PROGRAM UILL ALSO PERFORM A PARAMETRIC STUDY OF ANY OR ALL C-0F FIVE VARIABLES VERSUS REACTOR LIFETIME, PREMATURE DISMANTLING, C-OR ANY OF THE OTHER FOUR VARIABLES.

THE POSSIBLY PARAMETRIC C-VARIABLES ARE THE ANNUAL INTEREST (DISCOUNT) RATE, ANNUAL INFLATION 0-(ESCALATION) RATE, ANNUAL TAX RATE, DECOMMISSIONING MODE USED, C-AND THE FUNDING METHOD USED.

DECOST INCLUDES ANNUAL AND CAPITAL C-COSTS FOR ALL MODES AND DELAY PERIODS OF DECOMMISSIONING.

C-C-

-0PERATION-C-

C-ALL VARIABLES ARE READ IN CONSECUTIVE 5-SPACE FORMATS.

C-2; C-THE INPUT VARIABLES ARE (IN ORDER):

C-t,3 LD

C-1ST CARD-REACTOR PARAMETERS C-IBA-FOR REACTORS (IF IRT.NE.7)

EQUALS 0 IF USER DESIRES FIGURES FOR PERIOD BEFORE INITIAL C-C-

DECOMMISSIONING (AT ARL)

C-

- EQUALS 1 IF USER DESIRES FIGURES FOR PERIOD AFTER C-SUCCESSFUL INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING (AT AD)

C-FOR LOW-LEVEL UASTE SITES (IF IRT.EQ.7)

C-

- EQUALS 0 IF ANY STOPPAGE IS AT NORMAL FILL RATE C-

- EQUALS 1 IF FAST (OR SLOU) FILL RATE IDECOM-MODE OF DECOMMISSIONING (1-5)hRENCH MAINTENANCE C-

1) IMMEDIATE DISMANTLING / N0 C-C-

2) INDEFINITE MOTHBALLING/ TRENCH CAP RE-UORKING C-

3) INDEFINITE ENTOMBMENT / TRENCH UATER MANAGEMENT C-

4) MOTHBALLING WITH DELAYED DISMANTLING / 2 AND 3 COMBINED C-

5) ENTOMBMENT WITH DELAYED DISMANTLING / NOT APPLICABLE g

IRT-REACTOR TYPE (1-7)$

C-

1) BUR INSTALLATI0 C-C-

2) PUR INSTALLATION C-

3) HTGR INSTALLATION C3 C-

4) BUR REACTOR ONLY C-

5) PUR REACTOR ONLY en C-

6) HTGR REACTOR ONLY C-

7) LLUS

~

C-TRSU-TIME (FROM 1975) TO REACTOR STARTUP (YEARS)

C-ERL-ESTIMATED (PLANNED) REACTOR LIFETIME (YEARS)

C-ARL-ACTUAL REACTOR LIFETIME (YEARS)

C-PD-PLANNED DELAY TO FINAL DISMANTLING (YEARS)

C-NORMALLY SET AS; C-BUR-104.

C-PUR-108.

C-HTGR-65.

C-LLUS-NOT APPLICABLE

C-AD-ACTUAL DELAY TO FINAL DISMANTLING (YEARS)

C-CAPSLB-RATIO OF LLUS VOLUME TO 21 MILLION CU.FT.

C-C-

2ND CARD-ECONOMIC PARAMETERS C-C-

X-ANNUAL INTEREST RATE (FRACTION),(MUST BE.GT.-1)

C-Y-ANNUAL INFLATION RATE (FRACTION),(MUST BE.GT.-1)

C-X2-ANNUAL INTEREST PAID BY UTILITY (FRACTION),(MUST BE.GT.-1)

C-Y2-A SECOND INFLATION (OR INTEREST) RATE TO ALLOU COMPARISONS C-TO OTHER MONEY SCALES (SEE MNY),(FRACTION,MUST BE.GT. -1)

C-T-THE TAX RATE ON ANNUAL EARNINGS (FRACTION),(MUST BE.GT.-1)

C-TDEPR-THE DEPRECIATION TIME USED FOR IFND= 6,7 (YEARS)

C-IF.EO. O, THE ROUTINE UILL CALCULATE THE NECESSARY C-DEPRECIATION TIME.

C-PC-THE TOTAL CAPITAL COST TO BUILD THE PLANT AT THE TIME OF C-STARTUP ($M).

4 C-IFND-THE TYPE OF FUNDING USED

?

C-

1) CONSTANT FEE SINKING FUND TO COVER EXPECTED COST AT ERL+

C-TRSU.

C-

2) ESCALATING FEE SINKING FUND TO COVER EXPECTED COST AT C-ERL+TRSU.

C-

3) DEPOSIT AT TRSU TO COVER EXPECTED COST AT ERL+TRSU C-

4) DEPOSIT AT TRSU TO COVER EXPECTED COST AT TRSU C-

5) SAME AS 4) BUT NET EARNINGS RETURNED TO UTILITY.

C-

6) STRAIGHT-LINE, NEGATIVE SALVAGE VALUE DEPRECIATION.

C-

7) ADJUSTED, STRAIGHT-LINE, NEGATIVE SALVAGE VALUE C-DEPRECIATION.

C-MNY-TYPE OF MONETARY SYSTEM TO BE USED FOR COMPARISON (1-4)

C-1-INFLATED (UNADJUSTED) DOLLARS C-2-CONSTANT 197S DOLLARS (INFLATION ADJUSTED)

C-3-DISCOUNTED 1975 DOLLARS (EFFECTIVE INTEREST ADJUSTED)

C-4-CONSTANT 1975 DOLLARS (INFLATION OF FACILITY COSTS IS C-NOT EQUAL TO THE GENERAL INFLATION RATE (Y2))

cn u

Ln aummuus

C-NLOOPS-NUMBER OF UARIABLES (1-4) IN PARAMETRIC STUDY.

C-THE PROGRAM UILL NORMALLY MAKE SEPARATE CALCULATIONS TO C-DETERMINE THE FINANCIALLY POSSIBLE METHODS OF DECOMMISSION-C-

ING ONLY IF ARL.NE. ERL AND NLOOPS.EG. O.

IF NLOOPS C-

.LT. O, THE PROGRAM DOES THE CALCULATIONS IF ARL.EO. ERL.

C-C-

DECOST IS STOPPED BY A BLANK INPUT CARD AT THE END OF THE DATA C-DECK (IDECOM=0).

IF NLOOPS EQUALS 0, THE PROGRAM UILL NOT DO A C-PARAMETRIC STUDY.

IN THIS CASE, IF ARL DOES NOT EQUAL ERL, THE C-PROGRAM UILL FIND OUT WHAT METHODS OF DECOMMISSIONING ARE AVAILABLE C-WITH THE FUNDS AT HAND AT THE TIME THE REACTOR IS ACTUALLY SHUT C-DOUN.

IFNLOOPS IS GREATER THAN ZERO, A PARAMETRIC STUDY IS C-INDICATED AND THE NEXT DATA CARD SHOULD CONTAIN THESE VARIABLES:

C-IO-THE PARAMETER TO BE VARIED AS THE COMPARISON VARIABLE (1-7)

C-STP-THE STEP SIZE OF THE COMPARISON VARIABLE C-I(1)- THE iST PARAMETER TO BE VARIED (1-5) a C-SMIN(1)- THE MINIMUM UALUE OF THE iST PARAMETER 7

C-STEP (1)- THE iST STEP SIZE C-I(2)- THE 2ND PARAMETER TO BE VARIED -(1-5)

C-SMIN(2)- THE MINIMUM VALUE OF THE END PARAMETER C-STEP (2)- THE 2ND STEP SIZE C-I(3)- THE 3RD PARAMETER TO BE VARIED (1-5) 2[

C-SMIN(3)- THE MINIMUM UALUE OF THE 3RD PARAMETER ts C-STEP (3)- THE 3RD STEP SIZE en C-I(4)- THE 4TH PARAMETER TO BE VARIED (1-5)

C-SMIN(4)- THE MINIMUM VALUE OF THE 4TH PARAMETER C-STEP (4)- THE 4TH STEP SIZE

[3 C-THE PARAMETERS ARE (THE VALUE OF I(N) OR IO IS):

C-

1) INTEREST RATE (X)

C-

2) INFLATION RATE (Y)

C-

3) TAX RATE (T)

C-

4) DECOMMISSIONING MODE (IDECOM)

C-

5) FUNDING METHOD (IFND)

C-

6) REACTOR LIFETIME (ARL)

C-

7) DELAY TO FINAL DISMANTLING (AD)

C-THE MID-RANGE VALUE OF THE PARAMETERS X,Y, AND T WILL BE THAT C-VALUE INDICATED ON THE FIRST DATA CARD.

THE PARAMETERS IDECOM C-AND IFND HAVE THEIR LARGEST VALUE SET ON THE FIRST DATA CARD.

IN 0-THIS UAY A CRUDE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS MAY BE DONE FOR A GIVEN BASE C-CASE.

IF THE VARIABLE IS TO BE THE COMPARISON VARIABLE (IO), THE C-ONLY CHANGE FROM THE AB0VE IS THAT IDECOM UILL ALUAYS VARY 1-5, C-AND IFND UILL ALUAYS VARY 1-7.

C-NOTE THAT THESE PARAMETER VARIATIONS ARE NOT IN A C-NESTED LOOP FORM.

THE PROGRESSION MAY BE REVERSED BY MAKING THE C-VALUE OF STEP NEGATIVE, AND SUITCHING THE LARGEST AND SMALLEST C-VALUES OF THE PARAMETER DESIRED.

C-FOR A CALCULATION TO EBACKFITE A SINKING FUND TO AN EXISTING C-REACTOR SET TRSU EQUAL TO THE TIME TO THE START OF THE SINKING FUND C-(FROM 1975), SET ERL EQUAL TO THE ESTIMATED (PLANNED) REMAINING W

C-REACTOR LIFETIME, AND SET ARL EQUAL TO THE ACTUAL REMAINING REACTOR C-LIFETIME.

C-C-

ROUTINE DECOST IS CALLED BY THE USER.

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY DECOST:

C-

SUITCH*

C-

COST

C-

POSDEC*

C-C-

DIMENSION I(4 ), STEP (4),SMIN(4), RATE (2) c" COMMON / TRANS/ IRT,MNY,IFLAG,TRSU,ERL,PD,CAPSLB,X2,Y2,TDEPR,PC,

[$

FUC05T, FRAC, CASH,DUM,FUARL,CMKUHR, DUMMY (50) 00h10N/ TABL / TABR(7),TABM(4),TABF(7)

DATA RATE / "ERL","ARL"/

N PRINT 250 C3 PRINT 251

PRINT 252 PRINT 253 IP=-1 N0=0 1 READ 100,IBA,IDECOM,IRT,TRSU,ERL,ARL,PD,AD,CAPSLB IF (IDECOM.EG.0) STOP READ 101,X,Y,X2,Y2,T,TDEPR,PC,IFND,MNY,NLOOPS PRINT 208 N0=N0+1 IF(IDECOM.LT.O.0R.IDECOM.GT.5.0R.IRT.LT.1.0R.IRT.GT.7.OR.PD.LT.O.0

.0R.AD.LT.0.0.0R.IBA.LT.0.0R.IBA.GT.1.0R.NLOOPS.GT.5.0R.IFND.LT.1.

0R.IFND.GT.7.0R.X.LT..99.0R.Y.LT..99.0R.Y2.LT..99.0R.ERL.LT.1.0

.0R.MNY.LT.1.0R.MNY.GT.4.0R.CAPSLB.LT..01

.0R.PC.LT.O. 0R.T.LT..99) GO TO 4 IF (TDEPR.LT.1.) GO TO 91 IFLAG=0 0'

GO TO 92 91 TDEPR= 1. E 10 IFLAG=1 92 IF (NLOOPS.LT.1) GO TO 2 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR PARAMETRIC STUDIES C-IP=-1 READ 102,IO,STP, ( (I(J ),SMIN(J ), STEP (J ) ),J-1,NLOOPS )

IF (IO.LT.1.0R.IO.GT.7) GO TO 4 cn tw DO 15 L=1,NLOOPS cn IF(I(L).GT.5.0R.I(L).LT.1.0R. STEP (L).LT. 00001.AND. STEP (L).

GT.

.00001) GO TO 4

~}

CALL SUITCH(IO,STP,I(L ),SMIN C L ), STEP (L ),X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND, ARL, AD,

IBA) 15 CONTINUE GO TO 1

C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR CASE-BY-CASE CALCULATIONS C-2 IF (X*(1.-T).GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 21 IF (IRT.EG.7.0R.IDECOM.EG.2.0R.IDECOM.EO.3) GO TO 5 21 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA)

IF(IP.EO.IBA*10+IRT) GO TO 22 IP=IBA*10+IRT PRINT 201 IF (IBA.GT.0) GO TO 61 PRINT 202 GO TO 62 61 PRINT 203 62 IF (IRT.GT.6) GO TO 63 PRINT 204 GO TO 64 S;

63 PRINT 205 64 PRINT 206 PRINT 209 22 PRINT 210,TABR(IRT),IDECOM,TRSU,ERL IF (IBA.GT.0) GO TO 51 PRINT 211,ARL,PD GO TO 52 51 PRINT 211,PD,AD 52 IF (IRT.GT.6) GO TO 53 PRINT 212,TDEPR,PC GO TO 54 53 PRINT 213,CAPSLB, RATE (IBA+1) cs 54 PRINT 214,X,Y,X2,Y2,T,TABF(IFND),TABM(MNY),FUCOST, FRAC, CASH,CMKUHR ts IF(ARL.NE.ERL.AND.NLOOPS.GT.-1.0R.ARL.EQ.ERL.AND.NLOOPS.LT.0)

Ln

GO TO 6 GO TO 1 4 PRINT 255,N0 g

m

GO TO 1 5 PRINT 207,X,T,Y,IDECOM,NO GO TO 1 6 IF(IRT.LT.7) CALL POSDEC(X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND,ARL,FVARL)

GO TO 1 P-100 FORMAT (3IS,6F5.1) 101 FORMAT (7F5.2,3I5)

~

102 FORMAT (I5,F5.2,4(IS,F5.2,F5.2))

250 FORMAT ("1THERE ARE SEVEN TYPES OF FACILITIES"/5X,'1-BUR I BUR I

NSTALLATION'/5X,'2-PUR I PUR INSTALLATI0N'/5X,"3-HTGRI HTGR

INSTALLATION'/ 5X,'4-BUR 0 BUR REACTOR ONLY'/ 5X,"5-PUR 0 PU

R REACTOR ONLY'/ 5X,'6-HTGR0 HTGR REACTOR ONLY'/ 5X,"7-LLUS

LOU-LEVEL SHALLOU-LAND UASTE SITE'//" THERE ARE FIVE MODES OF DEC

0MMISSIONING'/

5X,"1-IMMEDIATE DISMANTLING / NO TRENCH UORK'/5X

,'2-INDEFINITE NOTHBALLING/ TRENCH CAP RE-UORK'/5X,'3-INDEFI

NITE ENTOMBMENT / TRENCH UATER MANAGEMENT'/5X,'4-MOTHBALLING FOR e

ESDLY YEARS FOLLOUED BY DISMANTLING / COMBINATION OF 2 AND 3"/

5X,'5-ENTOMBMENT FOR ESDLY YEARS FOLLOUED BY DISMANTLING / NOT A

PPLICABLE')

251 FORMAT ('0THERE ARE SEVEN METHODS OF FUNDING DECOMMISSIONING'/

5X,'1-CFSF USE OF A CONSTANT-FEE SINKING FUND TO COVER DECO as

MMISSIONING COSTS AT ERL'/ SX,'2-EFSF USE OF AN ESCALATING-FEE ts

SINKING FUND TO COVER DECOMMISSIONING COSTS AT ERL"/ SX, tn

'3-D ERL A DEPOSIT AT TRSU TO COVER DECOMMISSIONING COSTS AT ER

-]

L'/

5X,'4-D TRS A DEPOSIT AT TRSU TO COVER THE DECOMMISSIONING to

COSTS AT TRSU'/

5X,'5-D RTN SAME AS 4-BUT NET EARNINGS ON FU

ND RETURNED TO UTILITY"/

5X,'6-SLDPR USE OF STRAIGHT-LINE NEGA

TIVE SALVAGE VALUE DEPRECIATION"/

5X,'7-ASLDP USE OF ADJUSTED

STRAIGHT-LINE NEGATIVE SALVAGE VALUE DEPRECIATION'/

'OTHERE ARE F e

0UR UAYS TO COMPARE MONEY'/

5X,'1-INFLD INFLATED (UNADJUSTED

) DOLLARS'/

5X,'2-CONST CONSTANT 1975 DOLLARS (INFLATION ADJU

STED)'/

5X,'3-DISCT DISCOUNTED 1975 DOLLARS (EFFECTIVE INTERES

T ADJUSTED)'/

SX,'4-CNST2 CONSTANT 1975 DOLLARS (INFLATION ADJ

USTED AT A DIFFERENT RATE (INFL2))"/ 2(" '/))

255 FORMAT ('0",25X,' INPUT FOR CASE',I3," IS OUT OF BOUNDS"/" ")

252 FORMAT (10X,'FTYPE = TYPE OF FUNDING USED FOR INITIAL DECOMMISSIONI

NG (1-7)"/10X,"RTYPE = REACTOR TYPE (1-7)'/10X,'MTYPE = TYPE OF M0

NEY COMPARISON USED (1-4)"/10X, "DECOM = THE TYPE OF DECOMMISSIONI

NG USED (1-5 )'/ 11X,"TRSU = TIME TO REACTOR STARTUP (YEARS)'/

12X,'ERL = EXPECTED REACTOR LIFETIME (YEARS)'/ 12X,"ARL = ACTUAL R

EACTOR LIFETIME (YEARS)'/ 10X,'ESDLY = THE PLANNED DELAY TO FINAL

DISMANTLING (YEARS)'/ 10X,"ACDLY = THE ACTUAL DELAY TO FINAL DISMA

NTLING (YEARS)"/

12X,' INT = THE ANNUAL INTEREST RATE (FRACTION)'/

11X, " INT 2 = INTEREST RATE PAID BY UTILITY (FRACTION)"/

11X, "INFL = THE ANNUAL INFLATION RATE (FRACTION)'/ 10X, 'INFL2 =

THE INFLATION RATE USED FOR COMPARIFON IF MTYPE = 4 (FRACTION)')

253 FORMAT (12X,' TAX = THE ANNUAL TAX RATE (FRACTION)'/

10X, "TDEPR = THE DEPRECIATION TIME FOR THE PLANT FOR IFND=6,7 (Y

EARS )' / 11X, "PCST = THE CAPITAL COST FOR THE PLANT ($M)'/

a

10X, 'CAPSL = THE VOLUME RATIO 0F A LLUS TO THE GENERIC LLUS"/

i

11X, " FILL = THE TIME AT UHICH LLUS IS FILLED (ERL OR ARL)"/

10X, 'ACOST = ACTUAL COST OF DECOMMISSIONING AT THE INDICATED TIM

E ($M )"/ 11X, " FRAC = THE FRACTION OF DECOMMISSIONING COSTS PAID F

0R BY THE FUND'/ 11X, ' CASH = ACTUAL PAYMENTS MADE TO THE FUND ($N

)'/ 10X, "CHRGE = CHARGES TO PAY FOR DECOMMISSIONING (M/KUH OR $/C

U. FT. FOR A LLUS) AT THE TIME INDICATED'/" '/ 10X,"***** = THAT C

0MBINATION OF REACTOR TYPE, DECOMMISSIONING MODE, INTEREST RATE, A

ND INFLATION RATE IS NOT POSSIBLE")

201 FORMAT ("1RTYPE DECOM TRSU ERL')

202 FORMAT ("+",24X,"

ARL ESDLY')

203 FORMAT ('+",24X,'ESDLY ACDLY")

204 FORMAT ('+',36X,'TDEPR PCST')

205 FORMAT ('+',36X,"CAPSL FILL")

cm 206 FORMAT ('+",48X,"

INT INFL INT 2 INFL2 TAX FTYPE MTYPE ACOS

'N

T FRAC CASH CHRGE')

'D 207 FORMAT ('0THE INTEREST RATE",F6.3," TIMES THE TAX RATE",F6.3,

IS LESS THAN THE INFLATION RATE",F6.3/' THE METHOD OF DECOMMISS

IONING CHOSEN',I3," CANNOT BE COMPLETED (CASE",I3,')')

208 FORMAT (' ")

209 FORMAT ("

15('-----

"),1X,4(3X,"---- "))

210 FORMAT (1X,A5,2X,I2,3X,2(F5.1,1X))

211 FORMAT ('+",24X,2(F5.1,1X))

212 FORMAT ("+',3GX,F5.1,1X,F5.0) 213 FORMAT ("+",36X,F5.1,2X,A3) 214 FORM AT ( ' + ',48X,5 ( F5. 3,1X ),2 ( A5,1X ),2X, F7.1,1X, F7. 3,1X, F7. 2,

1X,F7.4)

END

DECK SUITCH C-C----------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE SUITCHCKO,STP,K,SMIN, STEP,X1,Yi,T1,IDEC1,IFND1,ARL1, 5'

ADi,IBA )

DIMENSION KX(5), POUT (7)

COMMON / TRANS/ IRT,MNY,IDUM,TRSU,ERL,PD,CAPSLB,X2,Y2,TDEPR,PC,

DUM(6 ), AMATRX(10,4 ),DUM1(10 )

COMMON / LABELS / B(20),DUMMYC47)

COMMON / INDEXS/ A(7),N(7) cm COMMON / TABL / TABR(7),TABM(4),TABF(7)

'N 0-C-

SUBROUTINE *SUITCH* CONTROLS THE PARAMETRIC STUDIES.

C-VARIATIONS IN THIS ROUTINE ARE THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DESIRED na C-BY THE USER.

tn C-C-

SUBROUTINE *SUITCH* CALLED BY:

C-

-DECOST-C-

SUBROUTINES CALLED BY *SUITCH*:

C-

STORE

C-

TABLE

C-MT=0 C-C-

THIS SECTION PRINTS THE OUTPUT TABLE HEADINGS C-POUT (1)=X1 POUT (2)=Y1 POUT (3)=T1 POUT (4)= FLOAT (IDEC1)

POUT (5)= FLOAT (IFND1)

POUT (6)=ARL1 POUT (7)=AD1 PRINT 200,TABR(IRT),TRSU,ERL,PD,CAPSLB,TABM(MNY ),X2,Y2,PC,TDEPR NK0=N(KO)

N1=0 DO 15 NN=1,7 N!

IF(NN.EQ.K.0R.NN.EQ.K0) GO TO 15 N1=N1+1 KX(N1)=NN 15 CONTINUE PRINT 201,(CA(KX(L)), POUT (KX(L))),L=1,5)

INDEX=7*IBA+IRT GO T0 ( 6,6,6,6,6,6,8,7,7,7,7,7,7,9 ), INDEX 6 PRINT 211 GO TO 10 7 PRINT 212 GO TO 10 8 PRINT 211 PRINT 213 GO TO 10 tw 9 PRINT 211 en PRINT 214 10 PRINT 202, ( B ( 4*K-4+L1 ), L1 = 1,4 )

N CB

aT

)

T T

I I

v A

A T

T L

L E

E D

D O

0 K

K, i

i D

D A

A A

E A

B T

B E

I A

I T

R A

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N L

R O

R T

A I

A N

T 0

U i

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1 C

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=

S 1

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1

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I 0

TI S

0 TI T

D 0

I,

)

E 0

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S 0

1 A

0 1

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E OC B

E

)

H 1

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H 1

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04 T

+

ND T

+

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P (I

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P1 E

T P1 O

I S

N TT O

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I S

N T T, S

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/

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/

I

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N OK

, A 4

V N

S 0)Y V

N S

0),

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O I

+YKO1 O

)O 3

N MX) =NKX K

N MY) =NKX K

O O

SJ1)

,( (

(

, O SJ1)

,( (

(

K5.

2 I

,12TE E

I

,12TE E

57, T 11M

,=UR L

T 11M

,=UR L

OG==1 C

X=(1T0OEBE C

Y=C1TOOEBE EE))(

E (M*(IPTUAU E

(M*(IPTUAU 45 S

PX

=SNTNN G

PX

=SNTNN KO((0 1ER2A I

IR 1ER2A I

IR (KTTT S

21TT1TLTLTU S

22TT2TLTLTU (UU I

= - SA LLNLNT I

=

SA LLNLNT FFOOO H

XO=MOEAOAOE H

YO=MOEAOAOE IIPPG T

JDXADDCCCCR T

JDYADDCCCCR 1

2 1

2 2

1 1

1 2

2 CCC 0CC c

b

_ aa c 'd '

_ n~

C-C-

THIS SECTION VARIES THE TAX RATE C-3 JT=2.*(T1-SMIN)/ STEP +1.0001 DO 31 M=1,JT T= STEP *(M-1)+SMIN AMATRX(1,1)=T DO 32 IT=2,NK0 DELTA = POUT (KO)-STP*(NKO-IT)

CALL STORE (X1,Y1,T,IDEC1,IFNDi,ARL1,IBA,ADi,KO, DELTA,IT) 32 CONTINUE CALL TABLE (KO,NKO,MT,IBA) 31 CONTINUE RETURN 0-C-

THIS SECTION VARIES THE DECOMMISSIONING MODE.

b C-4 JD=1.0001+(IDEC1-SMIN)/ STEP DO 41 M=1,JD IDEC=SMIN+(M-1)* STEP AMATRX(1,1)= FLOAT (IDEC)

DO 42 IT=2,NK0 DELTA = POUT (KO )-STP*(NKO-IT )

CALL STORE (X1,Y1,T1,IDEC,IFNDi,ARL1,IBA,ADi,KO, DELTA,IT) 42 CONTINUE CALL TABLE (K0,NKO,MT,IBA) 41 CONTINUE RETURN

((

d-_

THIS SECTION VARIES THE FUNDING METHOD.

tn C-5 JF=1.0001+(IFND1-SMIN)/ STEP g-DO 51 M=1,JF ca

i' 1,R I

.' P S

T T

R 5

E S

I I

H F=D

)I U

T

'M L

L K

'E',

GM L

L M

=P NO I

I C

YX IC F

F LT4 NE

)

RM,

OD L

L

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2

)

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I L

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)(

T SL I

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/5 SA W

U IM X/F II

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MT T

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H LH E

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KC LP AS R

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L RF L

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FT L

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I A

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A RS=

BA F

F U

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N(

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',Y 2 DD S

S E

FM L

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I IU F

X ",F II T

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I YI0 II

1 M

RR U

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N TS",'. 7 A,7 ',', ',

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X O/A FKO1 O

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4 0

TS,

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3 3

SN)

()

,( (

(

/XT

/

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' 6 N ',0 ER,

P

,=UR L

0 i

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0 0

NT0 E1TOOEBE 9

'".",2"

)'

)"

I 1

T(IPTUAU 2

(

.C((() ('

("

(

T/(

SX

=SNTNN NTS 5TTTT'TLTLT UNX

=R2A I

IRTRARXFAAAAGARARA E

OOR DT5TLTLTUNUMY3,MMMMNMEMAM R

RMT NA LLNLNTITR

,"RRRRIR R

RDO BMA FMOEAOAOEREO',5=OOOONOTOTONT UOM IADDCCCCRPRF A

FFFF0FAFAFES SCA 2

1 0

0 1212 3

4 0

K 5

5 9

0 0011 1

1 9

C 2

2222 2

2 2

E D-

CCC mdn

_ao

- c'e

_ns

C-

~

C-SUBROUTINE

STORE

TAKES THE PARAMETERS FED TO IT BY *SUITCH*

C-AND STORES THE COSTS AND FUNDS CALCULATED BY

COST

IN PREPARATION 0-FOR OUTPUT.

VARIATIONS IN THIS ROUTINE ARE THE COMPARISON C-VARIABLE.

C-C-

SUBROUTINE

STORE

CALLED BY:

C-

SUITCH*

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY

STORE *:

C-

COST

C-TAU =1.-T GO T0 (1,2,3,4,S,6,7),K0 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR DISCOUNT RATE VARIATION.

C-a i IF (DELTA

TAU.GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 12 7

IF (IRT.EO.7.0R.IDEC.EG.2.0R.IDEC.EG.3) GO TO 80 12 CALL COST (DELTA,Y,T,IDEC,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA)

GO TO 100 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR ESCALATION RATE VARIATION.

C-2 IF (DELTA.LT.X* TAU.00001) GO TO 22 IF (IRT.EO.7.0R.IDEC.EG.2.0R.IDEC.EO.3) GO TO 80 22 CALL COST (X, DELTA,T,IDEC,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA)

GO TO 100 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR TAX RATE VARIATION 0-3 IF(X*(1.-DELTA ).GT Y+.00001 ) GO TO 32 cs IF(IRT.EQ.7,0R.IDEC.EG.2.OR.IDEC.EQ.3) GO TO 80 tw 32 CALL COST (X,Y, DELTA,IDEC,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA) en CD

GO TO 100 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR DECOMMISSIONING UARIATION.

C-4 IDEL= DELTA +0.0001 IF (X* TAU.GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 42 IF (IRT.EG.7.0R.IDEL.EG.2.0R.IDEL.EO.3) GO TO 80 42 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDEL,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA)

GO TO 100 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR FUNDING VARIATION.

C-5 IDEL= DELTA +.0001 IF (X* TAU.GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 52 IF (IRT.EG.7.OR.IDEC.EG.2.0R.IDEC.EO.3) GO TO 80 52 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDEC,IDEL,ARL,AD,IBA) a GO TO 100 Y

C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR REACTOR LIFETIME VARIATION.

C-6 IF (X* TAU.GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 62 IF (IRT.EG.7,0R.IDEC.EQ.2.0R.IDEC.EQ.3) GO TO 80 62 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDEC,IFND, DELTA,AD,IBA)

GO TO 100 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR DELAY UARIATION.

C-

((

7 IF (XtTAU.GT.Y+.00001) GO TO 72 ta IF (IRT.EG.7.0R.IDEC.EQ.2.0R.IDEC.EQ.3) GO TO 80 en 72 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDEC,IFND,ARL, DELTA,IBA)

C-100 AMATRX(IT,1)=FUCOST h"

AMATRX(IT,2)= FRAC

iy

)

0) 12

(

C2 S1 B(

H AD C

)

,T T

)

I O

4)

U K

S

,2 S

N N

0(

O 1X 2

I (I

R

=)

T XR O

1O A

RT F

LK N

TS

,N

)

I AA S

B M, E 12 M

A)

L L=

O

,7 B

(2 C

)

A CL 43 T

S,

)

B)

E A1(

L B(H T

A2 B

IYT U

Y E

((

A

,M

, O B

L

,X K

TM)

B

)I R

MU0 S

D A

3R O

,D 2 T

E T

,T U

O

,(

N L

1S N

K)1 I

L

= A U

0 N3Y R

A Y

L,

2

,( M P

C B

2

,) 1 R

R OMM

)1 H

O E

KUU D

O0(O HU F

(DD E

E E

TKXT SK 0

EI L

L L

,I L

/

B B

L OLRO AM S

CCA I

1 A

B/S A

A A

G(TG

==T

=

T ASL T

T*C HS

))L N

)

L TNE

H

)TA) 34E O

4N E

AB CSE 1((4

,,D I

D ERA E

ETEN TT=

T 1T

=

NTL N

NINO T12E II)

C

=IE)

I I

IUIN G00N

((T E

N(UT T//

T TST 1

22 XXIN S

XNIN UNN U

U*U

+T O

RR(R 0RI(R EOOO O

O O

TMTTK TTCU S

9TTCU LRMM R

R R

M(NN(

AAST I

ANSTD BBMM B

B B

=

II MMBE H

OMOBEN AUOO U

U U

TFRRF AAAR T

DACARE TSCC S

S S

MIPPI 0

0 K

8 9

C E

D CCC CCC*

CCCCCCCC

_aN o'Dmd' t

PRINT 205,(TD(L,IBA+1),L=1,12)

GO TO 2

-1 PRINT 206,(TD(L,IBA+1),L-1,12) 2 PRINT 204,AMATRX(1,1)

PRINT 207,(AMATRX(IA,1),IA=2,NKO)

PRINT 208, ( AMATRX(I A,2 ),I A=2,NK0 )

PRINT 209,(AMATRX(IA,3),IA=2,NKO)

PRINT 208,( AMATRX(IA,4 ),IA=2,NK0 )

PRINT 202,( ASTRIX(1), ASTRIX(2),IP=2,NKO)

RETURN 201 FORMAT ('

" 38X,3A8/10X,'* ',3(3(F9.3,2X),"* "))

202 FORMAT ('

,16('*'),

9(A8,A3))

204 FORMAT ("O

",F6.3,"

')

205 FORMAT (10X,"*

',5A8) 206 FORMAT (10X,'*

",12A8,'

')

207 FORMATC'+',9X,'* ',3(3(F9.1,2X),'* '))

208 FORMAT (10X,'* ',3(3(F9.4,2X),'* '))

209 FORMAT (10X,"* ',3(3(F9.3,2X),"* '))

END

DECK COST C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE COST (X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND,ARL,AD,IBA)

COMMON / TRANS/ IRT,IDUM(2),TRSU,ERL,PD, CAP,.DUM(4 ),FUCOST, FRAC,

DUMMY,FV,FVARL,DUM1(51) cN COMMON / CLIST/ CINIT(5,7 ), ACST(5), ACSTLL(10) t" C-C-

COST AND THE SUBROUTINE DECFND CALCULATE THE COSTS AND FUNDS C-FOR THE PROGRAM.

Z IS THE EFFECTIVE INTEREST RATE, FPD IS THE ts C-FUND FOR POST DECOMMISSIONING, DCC IS THE FINAL DISMANTLING CAPITAL La C-COST, CINIT IS THE INITIAL COST OF DECOMMISSIONING, AND ACST IS THE C-ANNUAL COST OF DECOMMISSIONING.

C-C-

OTHER SIGNIFICANT UARIABLES USED IN THE

COST

ROUTINE ARE:

C-FPD-FUND FOR POST DECOMMISSIONING ($ MILLION)

C --

PRU-PRESENT VALUE (COST) 0F DECOMMISSIONING ($M)

C-FU-FUTURE VALUE OF DECOMMISSIONING AT TRSU + ERL YEARS ($M)

C-FVARL-FUTURE VALUE OF FUND AT ARL + TRSU ($M)

C-CINIT-INITIAL COST OF DECOMMISSIONING ($M)

C-FRAC-RATIO ACTUAL FUNDS TO ACTUAL COSTS C-CAPFNL-CAPITAL NEEDED AT INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING TO COVER FINAL C-DISMANTLING (IF ANY) ($M)

C-DCC-CAPITAL COSTS OF DISMANTLING ($M)

C-FUDF-FINAL VALUE OF POST-DECOMMISSIONING FUND AT FINAL C-

-DISMANTLING ($M)

C-CASH-ACTUAL FUNDS PAID ($M) OR ANNUAL PAYMENTS ($M/YR)

C-FUCOST-COST OF DECOMMISSIONING AT ARL+TRSU ($M)

C-C-

THIS ROUTINE CAN RUN ON ITS OWN OUTSIDE OF -DECOST-UITHOUT C-MODIFICATION, AND IS THE CENTRAL ROUTINE OF THE PACKAGE.

C-IF ONE USES THIS ROUTINE OUTSIDE OF THE DECOST PACKAGE, ONE MUST C-BE SURE NOT TO LET X* TAU.LE. Y UITH IDECOM = 2 OR 3 OR C-IRT.GT. 6.

C-C-

SUBROUTINE

COST

CALLED BY:

C-

-DECOST-C-

STORE

C-

POSDEC*

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY

COST *:

C-

1TMEFN*

C-

DECFND*

C-

MONEY

cm C-

'N tau =1.-T Z=(X* TAU-Y)/(1.+Y)

CAPFNL=0.

IF (IRT.GT.6) GO TO 21 IF(IDECOM.GT.3.0R.IDECOM.LT.2) GO TO 10 FPD=ACST(IDECOM)* TAU /Z GO TO 20 10 R=PD IF (Z.GT. 00001.0R.Z.LT..00001) R = ( 1. -( ( 1. +Y )/ ( 1.+X* TAU ) )**PD )/Z FPD=ACST(IDECOM)* TAU *R CALL TIMEFN(PD,IDECOM,DCC,IRT)

CSTEND=DCC*(1.+Y)**(TRSU+ERL+PD)

C APFNL= CSTEND* TAU / ( 1. +X* TAU )**PD 20 PRV=CINIT(IDECOM,IRT)* TAU +FPD CHI =(1.+Y)**(TRSU+ERL)

FU=PRV* CHI +CAPFNL CALL DECFND(X,Y,2,T,IFND,ARL,IBA,CRF,DEP)

IF (IBA.GT.O. AND.IRT.LT.7) GO TO 30 0'

C-C-

EARLY-DECOMMISSIONING C-FUCOST=FV*(1.+Y)**(ARL-ERL)

FRAC =FVARL/FUCOST CALL MONEY (X,Y,Z,T,ARL,0.,IFND,CRF,DEP)

RETURN 0-C-

POST-DECOMMISSIONING C-30 ESC =(1.+Y)**AD DISC = t i. +X* TAU )**AD E[

FUDF= ( ( FV-CINIT ( IDECOM, IRT )* TAU

CHI )-CHI

ACST ( IDECOM )* TAU

AD )* DISC en IF (Z.LT..00001.0R.Z.GT. 00001) FUDF=FUDF+ACST(IDECOM)* TAU

CHI *

( C AD-1./Z )* DISC + ESC /Z )

CALL TIMEFNCAD,IDECOM,DCC,IRT)

'g FUCOST=DCC* TAU

CHI

ESC

FRAC =1.

IF (FUCOST.GT. 00001.0R.FUCOST.LT..00001) FRAC =FUDF/FUCOST CALL MONEY (X,Y,2,T,ERL,AD,IFND,CRF,DEP)

RETURN 0-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR LLU BURIAL GROUNDS.

C-21 A=ACSTLL(IDECOM )+ CAP *ACSTLL(5+IDECOM)

FPD=A* TAU /Z GO TO 20 END

DECK DATA C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-BLOCK DATA 8

COMMON / CLIST/ CINIT(5,7), ACST(5), ACSTLL(10)

COMMON / TIME / BP(2,6 ),DC(3,2,6)

COMMON / LABELS / B(20 ),TH(3,7 ), ASTRIX(2),TD(12,2)

COMMON / INDEXS/ A(7),N(7)

COMMON / TABL / TABR(7),TABM(4),TABF(7)

C-C-

EACH FIVE VALUES OF CINIT ARE FOR THE FIVE MODES OF DECOMMISSION-C-

ING A FACILITY.

THE VALUES OF ACST ARE THE ANNUAL COSTS FOR THE C-FIVE MODES OF DECOMMISSIONING A REACTOR.

THE VALUES OF ACSTLL ARE C-THE CONSTANT AND VOLUME-DEPENDENT ANNUAL COSTS FOR DECOMMISSIONING C-A LLU SITE.

C' C-THE VALUES OF BP(=,IRT) INDICATE THE TIME BREAKPOINTS IN THE y

C-CONSTANT COSTS OF DISMANTLING A REACTOR.

THE VALUES OF DC(=,ID, en C-IRT) INDICATE THE CONSTANT COSTS OF FINAL DISMANTLING OF A REACTOR C-BASED ON THE INITIAL MODE OF DECOMMISSIONING (ID).

'N 0-C" DATA CINIT/

31.1,2.45,7.58,2.45,7.58,

26.9,2.31,7.40,2.31,7.40, 28.0,2.30,5.70,2.30,5.70, 20.9,2.45,7.58,2.45,7.58, 17.4,2.31,7.40,2.31,7.40, 17.1,2.30,5.70,2.30,5.70,

.007,.007,.419,.419,1.E 20/

DATA ACST/

0.,.167,.058,.167,.058/

DATA ACSTLL/.035,.035,.047,.047,0.,0.,.036,.0076,.043,0./

DATA BP/

52.,104.,85.,108.,42.,65.,

52.,104.,85.,108.,42.,65./

DATA DC/

28.7, 21.7, 11.7, 27.8, 23.8, 11.2, 24.6, 19.5, 11.0, 23.4, 21.0, 10.8, 25.8, 25.1, 15.5, 24.5, 24.5, 14.5, 18.5, 11.5, 1.5, 18.1, 14.1, 1.5, 15.1, 10.0, 1.5, 14.1, 11.7, 1.5, 14.9, 14.2, 4.6, 14.6, 14.6, 4.6/

C-C-

THE FOLLOUING ARE OUTPUT VARIABLES C-DATA A/'

INT =',' INFL =','

TAX =','DECOM =','FTYPE =","

ARL ="

,"ACDLY ='/

DATA B/ " INTEREST','

RATE

'INFLATIO',"N RATE TAX RATE MODE"," 0F

, DECOMMIS","SIONING",

((

' TYPE OF ","

, FUNDING ","

'/

en DATA N/ 10,10,10,6,8,10,10/

DATA ASTRIX/ "********","****/

DATA TH

/" YEARLY I',"NTEREST "," RATE

'N

" YEARLY I","NFLATION"," RATE

' ANNUAL T","AX RATE ","

" TYPE OF ",'DECOMMIS","SIONING ",

' TYPE OF "," FUNDING ",'USED

' ACTUAL Y",' EARS OF ",' SERVICE ",

' ACTUAL Y"," EARS OF ",' DELAY

'/

DATA TD/ " COST TO ",'DECOMMIS",'SION, FR"," ACTION C",'0VERED,

" ACTUAL E","XPENDITU',"RES, AND"," CHARGE "," RATE -

'M/KUH OR"," $/CU FT"," COST TO ','DISMANTL",'E, FRACT",

' ION COVE"," RED, ACT","UAL SPEN",' DING, AN','D FINAL ',

" CHARGE R"," ATE ~ -

'M/KUH OR","

$/CU FT"/

DATA TABR/' BUR I",'PUR I","HTGRI",' BUR 0",'PUR 0","HTGR0'," LLUS"/

DATA TABF/' CFSF'," EFSF','D ERL','D TRS",'D RTN','SLDPR","ASLDP"/

DATA TABM/ 'INFLD",'CONST','DISCT",'CNST2'/

END

DECK DECFND C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE DECFND(X,Y,Z,T,IFND,ARL,IBA,CRF,DEP) a COMMON / TRANS/ IRT,IDUM,IFLAG,DUM,ERL,DUM1, CAP,X2, DUMMY,TDEPR,PC,

DUM2 ( 2 ), CASH, FU, FUARL, CMKUHR, DUMMY 1 ( 50 )

C-C-

THIS ROUTINE SUPPLIES

COST

WITH THE APPROPRIATE FUND UALUES FOR C-THE DIFFERENT METHODS OF FUNDING CHOSEN.

C-NOTE:

THE FACTOR IN THE FORMULAS FOR COSTS IN MILLS PER KUHR C-(CMKUHR) SHOULD BE DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER OF 1.2 GUE REACTORS THAT C-THE FACILITY SERVES. (NOT LLUS.)

C-C-

SUBROUTINE *DECFND* CALLED BY:

C-

COST

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY *DECFND*:

C-NONE ch C-RATE =1.

FACT =1.

CRF=0.

w CO

ANN =0.

ESCL=1.

RET =0.

RTN=0.

TAU =1.-T ESC =(1.+Y)**ERL ESC 1=(1.+Y)**ARL DISC =(1.+X* TAU)**ERL DISC 1=(1.+X* TAU)**ARL GO T0 (10,20,30,40,50,60,70),IFND 10 ANN =FV/ERL IF (DISC.GT.1.00001.0R. DISC.LT. 9999) ANN =FU*X* TAU /(DISC-1.)

GO TO 100 20 ANN =FV/ERL/ DISC IF (Z.GT.00001.0R.Z.LT..00001) ANN =FV*2/(DISC-ESC)

IF (Y.GT..00001.AND.Y.LT. 00001.0R.ARL.GT..1.AND.ARL.LT. 1) GO 5

TO 100 ESCL= (ESC 1-1. )/Y/ARL*(1.+Y )

GO TO 100 30 DEP=FV/ DISC GO TO 100 50 RET =ERL*X* TAU IF(Y.LT..0001.0R.Y.GT. 0001) RET =(X* TAU-Y)*(ESC-1.)/Y 40 DEP=FV/ ESC GO TO 100 60 IF (IFLAG.LT.1) GO TO 66 ANN =FV/ERL IF (PC.GT.1.) TDEPR=1./(ANN /(PC* ESC)+1./ERL)

GO TO 100 66 ANN =PC* ESC *(1./TDEPR-1./ERL)

[y" GO TO 100 en 70 IF (IFLAG.LT.1) GO TO 77 ANN =FV/ERL LN

%O r

TDEPR=1./( ANN /(PC* ESC )+1./ERL )

IF (Y.LT. 00001.AND.Y.GT..00001) GO TO 100 ANN =FU*Y/(CESC-1.)*(1.+Y))

IF (PC.GT. 1) TDEPR=ALOG(1.+1./(ANN *(1.+Y)/(PC* ESC *Y)+1./(ESC-1.))

)/ ALOG ( 1. +Y )

IF(ARL.GT. 1) ESCL = ( ESC 1-1. )* ( 1. +Y )/ ( Y* ARL )

GO TO 100 77 ANN =PC* ESC *(1./TDEPR-1./ERL)

IF (Y.GT..00001.AND.Y.LT. 00001) GO TO 100 ANN =PC* ESC *Y/(1.+Y)*(1./((1.+Y)**TDEPR-1.)-1./(ESC-1.))

IF (ARL.GT. 1) ESCL=(ESC 1-1.)*(1.+Y)/(Y*ARL) 100 IF (IRT.LT.7) GO T0 (11,21,31,31,51,61,71),IFND C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR LOW LEVEL RURIAL SITES.

C-FACT =ERL/21./ CAP /.15855 IF (IBA.EO.0) GO T0 (11,21,31,31,51,61,71),IFND IF (ARL.LT..1.0R.ARL.GT. 1) RATE =ERL/ARL GO TO (11,21,31,31,51,61,71),IFND C-11 CMKUHR= ANN

FACT *.15855/ TAU FVARL= ANN

RATE *ARL IF (X* TAU.LT..00001.0R.X* TAU.GT. 00001) FVARL= ANN

RATE *(DISC 1-1. )

/X/ TAU GO TO 102 21 CMKUHR= ANN

FACT *.15855* ESC 1/ TAU FUARL= ANN

RATE *ARL* DISC 1 IF (2.GT.00001.0R.Z.LT..00001) FVARL= ANN

RATE *(DISC 1-ESC 1)/Z GO TO 102 31 CMKUHR= DEP* FACT *.15855/(TAU *ERL)

FVARL=DEP* DISC 1 GO TO 101

[%

51 CMKUHR= DEP* FACT *.15855*(1./ TAU-RET)/ERL CO

FUARL=DEP* ESC 1 RTH=DEP*(X* TAU-Y)*(ESC 1-1.)/Y GO TO 101 61 CMKUHR= ANN

FACT *.15855/ TAU FUARL= ANN

RATE *ARL GO TO 102 71 CMKUHR= ANN

FACT *.15855* ESC 1/ TAU FVARL= ANN

RATE *ARL IF (Y.LT..0001.0R.Y.GT. 0001) FUAR!=ANM* RATE *(1.+Y)*(ESC 1-1.)/Y GO TO 102 101 DIS 2=(1>+X2* TAU)**ERL IF(DIS 2.LT. 9999.0R. DIS 2.GT.1.0001) GO TO 111 CRF=DEP/ERL GO TO 102 111 CRF=DEP*X2* TAU

DIS 2/(DIS 2-1.)

CMKUHR=(FACT *.15855)*(CRF/ TAU-DEP* RET /ERL) 4 102 CASH =(CRF*ARL/ TAU-RTN)+ ANN *ESCL* RATE *ARL/ TAU Y

RETURN END

DECK MONEY C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE MONEY (X,Y,Z,T,RL,D,iFND,CRF,DEP)

COMMON / TRANS/ IDUM,MNY,IDUM1,TRSU,DUM(3),X2,Y2, DUMMY (2),FUC0ST,

DUM1, C ASH, DUM2 ( 2 ), CMKUHR, DUMMY 1 ( 50 )

C-C-

SUBROUTINE

MONEY

TRANSLATES THE MONEY UALUES TO BE OUTPUT FROM C*

C-UNADJUSTED DOLLARS TO THE APPROPRIATE VALUES FOR THE MONEY b%

C-COMPARISON DESIRED.

C-C-

SUBROUTINE

MONEY

CALLED BY:

j[

C-

COST

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY

MONEY *:

C-NONE C-TAU =1.-T GO T0 (100,1,2,3),MNY 1 A=Y GO TO 4 2 A=Z GO TO 4 3 A=Y2 4 YR=TRSU+RL+D F=(1.+A)**YR FUCOST=FUCOST/F CMKUHR=CMKUHR/F GO T0 (10,20,10,10,50,10,20),IFND 10 IF (A.GT..00001.AND.A.LT. 00001.0R. RL.GT..1.AND. RL.LT. 1) GO T y.

0 99 12 CASH = CASH *(1.-(1.+A)**(-RL))/A/RL GO TO 99 20 IF ( RL.LT. 1.AND. RL.GT..1) GO TO 99 IF(A.LT.Y+.0001.AND.A.GT.Y.0001) GO TO 21 IF (Y.LT. 0001.AND.Y.GT..0001) GO TO 12 RAT =(1.+Y)/(1.+A)

CASH = CASH *(RAT ** RL-1.)*Y/(Y-A)/((1.+Y)** RL-1.)

GO TO 99 21 IF (Y.GT. 0001.0R.Y.LT..0001) CASH = CASH *Y*RL/((1.+Y)*(F-1.))

~

GO TO 99

((

50 IF (A.LT. 00001.AND.A.GT..00001) GO TO 99 en TERM 2=RL IF (Y.GT. 00001.0R.Y.LT..00001) TERM 2=(1 +Y)**RL/Y TERM 1=RL IF (Y.LT.A.0001.0R.Y.GT.A+.0001) TERM 1 = ( ( ( 1. +Y )/ ( 1.+A ) )**RL-1. )

/(Y-A)

C ASH = CASH +CRF* ( ( 1. -( 1. + A )** (-RL ) )/ A-RL )+DEP* ( Y-X* TAU )* ( 1. +Y )*

(TERM 1-TERM 2) 99 CASH = CASH *(1.+A)**(-TRSU) 100 RETURN END

DECK TIMEFN 0-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE TIMEFN (D,IDECOM,DCC,IRT)

COMMON / Ti 1E/ BP(2,6 ), DC(3,2,6 )

C-C-

TIMEFN GIVES THE CAPITAL COSTS FOR FINAL DISMANTLING AS C-A FUNCTION OF TIME AFTER INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING, REACTOR TYPE, C-AND MODE OF DECOMMISSIONING.

THIS ROUTINE CAN STAND ON ITS OUN.

C-4 C-SUBROUTINE *TIMEFN* CALLED BY:

Y C-

COST

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY *TIMEFN*:

C-NONE C-IF (IDECOM.LT.2) GO TO 1 ID=IDECOM IF (ID.GT.3) ID=ID-2 ID=ID-1 DCC=DCC1,ID,IRT)

IF (D.GE.BP(1,IRT)) DCC=DC(2,ID,IRT)

IF (D.GE.BP(2,IRT)) DCC=DC(3,ID,IRT) ch RETURN

'd 1 DCC=0.

RETURN END

__2,* DECK POSDEC ta

-. _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ =

C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE POSDEC(X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND,ARL,CAPITL)

COMMON / TRANS/ IRT,IDUM(2),TRSU,ERL,PD,DUM(9),FVARL, DUMMY (51)

COMMON / CLIST/ CINIT(5,7), ACST(S), ACSTLL(10)

C-C-

SUBROUTINE POSDEC DETERMINES UHICH (IF ANY) METHODS OF C-DECOMMISSIONING CAN BE PAID FOR BY EXISTING FUNDS AT ARL+TRSU.

C-FUNDS CAN BE INPUT DIRECTLY IN CAPITL OR THE ROUTINE UILL CALCULATE C-THE FUNDS THAT EXIST ON ITS OUN.

THIS ROUTINE CAN RUN OUTSIDE OF C-

-DECOST-UITHOUT MODIFICATION.

THE MONEY MUST BE IN UNADJUSTED C-DOLLARS.

THIS ROUTINE CANNOT BE APPLIED TO LLU BURIAL SITES.

C-C-

SUBROUTINE *POSDEC* CALLED BY:

C-

-DECOST-

t C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY *POSDEC*

C-

COST

C-

SUBDLY*

C-tau =1.-T I=0 Z=(X* TAU-Y)/(1.+Y)

IF(CAPITL.GT.O.) GO TO 1 CALL COST (X,Y,T,IDECOM,IFND,ARL,PD,0)

GO TO 2 i

1 FVARL=CAPITL 2 ESC =(1.+Y)**(ARL+TRSU)

IF(Y.GE.X* TAU.00001) GO TO 8

~[

DO 3 K=1,3 En C-THIS SECTION IS FOR INDEFINITE MOTHBALLING, INDEFINITE C-ENTOMBMENT, AND DISMANTLING.

n

C-ID=K+1 IFCID.EQ.4) ID=1 XINIT= ( CINIT( ID, IRT )+ACST( ID )/Z )* TAU

ESC IFCFUARL.LT.XINIT.001) GO TO 3 I=1 IF(K.EG.3) GO TO 6 IF (K.EQ.2) GO TO 4 PRINT 211 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR DELAYED ENTOMBMENT.

C-CALL SUBDLY(X,Y, TAU,1,K, ESC,IRT,FUARL, DELAY)

IF(DELAY.LT..1) GO TO 5 IF (DELAY.GT.1000.) GO TO 3 PRINT 212, DELAY 0

GO TO 5 C-C-

THIS SECTION IS FOR DELAYED DISMANTLING.

C-4 PRINT 214 5 CALL SUBDLY(X,Y, TAU.3,K, ESC,IRT,FUARL, DELAY)

IF(DELAY.LT.

.1.0R. DELAY.GT.1000.) GO TO 3 IF (K.EO.1) GO TO 7 PRINT 215, DELAY GO TO 3 ch 7 PRINT 213, DELAY GO TO 3 6 PRINT 216 3 CONTINUE as C-

'n C

THIS SECTION IS FOR NO DECOMMISSIONING POSSIBLE.

C-

IF (I.EO.0) PRINT 210 RETURN 8 XINIT=CINIT(1,IRT)* TAU

ESC IF(FVARL.LT.XINIT.001) GO TO 9 PRINT 216 RETURN 9 PRINT 210 RETURN 210 FORMAT (15X,"CANNOT PAY FOR ANY DECOMMISSIONING')

211 FORMAT (15X,"CAN MOTHBALL INDEFINITELY AT ARL")

212 FORMAT (15X,'CAN MOTHBALL AT ARL AND ENTOMB INDEFINITELY AFTER",F6.

0," YEARS')

213 FORMAT (15X,'CAN MOTHBALL AT ARL AND DISMANTLE AFTER",F6.0," YEARS'

)

214 FORMAT (15X,'CAN ENTOMB INDEFINITELY AT ARL')

215 FORMAT (15X,"CAN ENTOMB AT ARL AND DISMANTLE AFTER",F6.0," YEARS')

g 216 FORMAT (15X,'CAN DISMANTLE AT ARL')

END

DECK SUBDLY C-C-----------------------------------------------------------------------

C-SUBROUTINE SUBDLY(X,Y, TAU,INDEX,I, ESC,IRT,FUARL, DELAY)

COMMON / CLIST/ CINIT(5,7), ACST(5), ACSTLL(10)

COMMON / TIME / BP(2,6),DC(3,2,6)

C-C-

SUBDLY CALCULATES THE DELAY TIME TO FINAL DECOMMISSIONING GIVEN C-THE INITIAL MODE (I) AND FINAL MODE (INDEX) 0F DECOMMISSIONING AND C-THE FUNDS IN THE BANK (FUARL) AT INITIAL DECOMMISSIONING.

THIS cs ta C-ROUTINE CAN STAND ON ITS OUN.

tn C-C-

SUBROUTINE *SUBDLY* CALLED BY:

};

C-

POSDEC*

w

C-SUBROUTINES CALLED BY *SUBDLY*:

C-NONE C-I2=2 INITD=I+1 Z=(X* TAU-Y)/(1.+Y)

YINIT = ( CINIT ( INITD, IRT )+ ACST ( INITD )/Z )* TAU

ESC IF(FUARL.LT.YINIT) GO TO 3 DENOM=ALOGC1.+X* TAU)-ALOG(1.+Y)

PLUSi = ALOG ( ESC )- ALOG ( FVARL-YINIT )

IF(INDEX.LT.2) GO TO 2 C-C-

DELAYED DISMANTLING C-PLUS = ( DC ( 1, I, IRT )-ACST( INITD )/Z )* TAU IF (PLUS.LE.O.) GO TO 3 a

DELAY = ( ALOG(PLUS )+PLUS1 )/DENOM IF (DELAY.LT.BPC1,IRT)) RETURN 0-C-

TO EXTEND TO MORE BREAKPOINTS, INCREASE I2 STOP UARIABLE TO THE C-NUMBER OF BREAKPOINTS.

C-DO 4 I2=2,2 C-PLUS=(DCCI2,I,IRT)-ACST(INITD)/2)* TAU IF (PLUS.LE.O.) GO TO 1 DELAY =(ALOG(PLUS)+PLUS1)/DENOM IF(DELAY.LT.BP(I2-1,IRT)) GO TO 1 IF(DELAY.LT.BPCI2,IRT)) RETURN 4 CONTINUE PLUS=(DC(I2+1,I,IRT)-ACST(INITD)/Z)* TAU IF (PLUS.LE.O.) GO TO 5 cN DELAY =(ALOG(PLUS)+PLUS1)/DENOM

((

IF (DELAY.GT.BP(I2,IRT)) RETURN I

~

5 DELAY =BP(I2,IRT)

RETURN 1 DELAY =BP(I2-1,IRT)

RETURN C-C-

DELAYED ENTOMBMENT C-2 PLUS= CCINIT(3,IRT)-CINIT(2,IRT)+( ACST(3)-ACST(2))/Z)* TAU IF (PLUS.LE.O.) GO TO 3 DELAY =(ALOG(PLUS)+PLUS1)/DENOM RETURN 3 DELAY =-1.

RETURN END trJ LD CO

U 5. NUCLEAR REGULATORY CoMMIS51oN 77 BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET N'JREG-0514

4. TITLE AN D SUBTITLE (Add Volume No.. if wormnate)

2. (Leave blusk)

DECOST - Computer Routine for Decommissioning Cost and

3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION No.

Funding Analysis

7. AUTHORISI

s. DATE REPORT COMPLETED l YEAR M ON TH Barry C. Mingst December 1978

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS (Include 2,0 Codel DATE REPORT ISSUED MONTH YEAR Noverber 1979 Low-Level Waste Licensing Branch g

7L,,,, y,,,,

Division of Waste Management Office of Nuclear Materials Safety and Safeguards

8. (te,ve u,,*>

12. SPONSORING ORGANIZATION N AME AND MAILING ADDRESS (Include 2,0 Codel

10. PROJECT /TASKiWoRK UNIT No not applicable

11. CONTRACT NO same not applicable

13. TYPE oF REPORT PE RIOD COVE RE D (inclusrve datesJ Technical Analysis / Users Manual not applicable

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14 (Leave Nm* /

16. ABSTR ACT 000 words or less)

When a nuclear facility reaches the end of its useful life, it must be placed in a condition such that the public continues to be protected from the radioactive; hazards associated with the site. The process of returning the site to these conditions is called decontamination and decommicsioning or just decommissioning.. The process includes the rem-oval of the radioactively contaminated and activated materials from the site to appropriate disposal sites or the containment of the materials away from the general public.

One of the major controversies surrounding the decommissioning of nuclear facilities is the lack of financial information on Just what the eventual costs will be.

The DECOST program package is intended to allow planning to reduce the costs and financial risks of all types of nuclear facilities, and allow wide ranging study of the various options availa )l e when planning for decommissioning of nuclear facilities.

17. KE Y WoRDS AND DOCUMENT AN ALYSIS 17a DESCRIPTORS 17b. IDENTIFIE RS'oPEN EN DE D TE RMS

18. AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 19 SE CURITY CLASS (This reporf/

21 NO OF PAGES unciassified Unlimited 20 SECURITY CL ASS (Th,s page) 22 PRICE S

NRC FORM 33$ (7 77) 1635 149

UNITED STATES NUCLE AR REGULATORY COuMISSION F

l W ASHIN GTON, S. C. 20555 POSTAGE AMD FEES PA4D u.s. NUCLE A R RE GUL ATOR Y OFFICI AL BUSINESS comuassioN PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 L

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