ML18088A858
| ML18088A858 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Saint Lucie  |
| Issue date: | 04/04/1978 |
| From: | Robert E. Uhrig Florida Power & Light Co |
| To: | Schwencer A Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation |
| References | |
| Download: ML18088A858 (40) | |
Text
P.O. BOX 529100 MIAMI,FLA 33152.
FLORIDA POWER 8L LIGHT COMPANY April 4, 1978 L.-78-118 Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation Attention: Mr. A. Schwencer, Chief Operating Reactors Branch Nl Division of Operating Reactors U. S- Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D. C. 20555
Dear Mr. Schwencer:
Re: Florida Power & Light Company (PPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information Your letter o March 16, 1978 e'qIuested additional 'nfor-mation r garding the FPL system distrubance which occurred on May 16, 1977. Our responses to your additional questions re attached.
Ver " ly yours, Robert E. Uhrig Uice President
~ RZU/MAS/mb Attachment cc: Mr. James P. O'Reilly, Region Harold P. Reis, Esquire II PEOPLE... SERVING PEOPLE
ATTACHMENT Re: Florida Power a Light. Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335
. Re est for Additional Information QUESTION 1 The response to request:. 1.3 gives limitations on the line based on long-term operation. Please provide any opera-tional guidance that, may exist: such as "The line may be operated at. above x amperes but not exceeding y amperes for
- a. time not to exceed z minutes," where z is a number small enough to provide operational guidance.
Line sag is computed for two different temperatures, but no indication, is given as to what the temperature of the line was when it relayed open. Please provide any recorded data on the line current over this 16-minute period (10:08-10:24) from which a temperature profile could be deter-mined..
RESPONSE 1 There is no guide for overloading conductors in the form of X < Y for 2 minutes.
There is no recording of the load on the Fort Myers-Ranch lines. The loading was computed from other charts. The sag figures were included to show that even under extreme conditions of ambient temperature and light wind that, it. is highly improbable that the conductor would have sagged enough to contact some object to cause the phase to ground fault.
Page 2 Re: Florida Power & Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re est for Additional Information QUESTION 2 The power estimates given in response to request 1.6 are not supported by the data on which they were based. Please provide the 16-minute '(10:08-10:24) record of each variable
~ that was used in making this power calculation and a sample of how the calculation was made.
A reference is made in this response to past histroy of division of the load (between the two Ft. Myers-Ranch lines).
Please provide any records of such a .division of transmis-sion on these lines at approximately 500.-600 MN total power.
I In. a dynamic situation such as the system was then exper-iencing would the relative loading of the two lines be expected to oscillate so that an average relative not reflect peak conditions on one? If so please loading'ould discuss the details.
In the response to'1.6, oscillogram records from Ringling.
are included; oscillogram records from Broward and Midway are cited but not included. Please, furnish copies of the Broward and Midway oscillogram records.
Since oscillogram records at locations remote from a fault cannot be interpreted without some knowledge of the circuitry, particularly transformer coupling, please inter-'ening furnish the indicated intervening circuitry description for Ringling, Broward, and Midway.
RESPONSE 2
- The line flows from Fort Myers to Ranch were computed as follows:
a) Power available to the Nestern Division is the sum of the output of the plants in the Nestern Division minus the tie flows to'ampa Electric Company (flows into Florida Power a Light are negative numbers). These values are obtained from the various strip charts for the time period under consideration. (Charts were previously transmitted.) An
'dditional chart. "Area Loads" is attached to verify the
'efore 'oad. C (Apoendix C) b) Load in the Nestern Division: Load prior to the disturbance is obtained from the strip chart showing the area loads.
After the initial disturbance, the area load chart showed
Page Re: Florida Power & Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information a load in the Western Division which, indicated a reduction in line flows if from true, would have Ft. Myers to Ranch.
The known deficit of generation in the south, the observation by plant personnel at Fort Myers and the alarm signal from the West Palm computer, all indicate that the power flows from Fort Myers to Ranch did indeed increase. There was no interruption of feeders in the Western Division but, during this period the area substation load would increase; any other change in area load is due to a change in the trans-mission line losses in the Western Division. An estimate of the total load in the. Western Division was made.
c) The total power flow from Fort Nyers to Ranch is the. power available to the Western Division ( a) above) minus the load in the Western Division ( b) above).
d) The division of power flow on the Fort Nyers-Ranch 240kV line and on the Fort Myers-Ranch 138kV line, for analysis purposes, may be treated in two steps. (1) The division of power flow to satisfy the load requirement of the sub-stations served between Fort Myers and Ranch (all such substations are connected. to the 138kV line) . This total power flow equals the sum of the load at the served sub-stations. (2) The division of all other power flow in excess of (1). Both of these divisions must obey Kirchhoff's laws and can be combined using the superposition theorem to give an estimate of the individual line flows. As the total flow from Fort Myers to Ranch increases, the division will more nearly be that of (2). Using a D. C. analog calculating board set up to represent the reactances of the transmission lines and transformers, the (2) division was determined to be 75% on the Fort Nyers-Ranch 240kV,line and 25% on the Fort Nyers-Ranch 138kV line.
The attached table (Appendix C) shows the values of the Fort Nyers-Ranch 240kV line flows for significant times during the disturbance on Florida Power 6 Light Company's system of May 16, 1977.
There are no records showing the division of load on- these two- lines at approximately 500 600 MW total power.
Zn a dynamic situation, the relative loading of the two Fort Nyers-Ranch lines would be expected to vary together according to Kirch-hoff's laws with no oscillation between the two circuits.
Page 4 Re: Florida Power & Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and, 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information The oscillograms for Broward and Midway are attached (Appendix C);
Please note that all traces on the Broward oscillogram are. from the 138kV side of the station. The 138kV and 240 kV sections are connected through Rye connected autotransformers, solidly grounded.
A diagram of the transmission system is attached (Appendix C) .
Generator transformers have been omitted to reduce clutter. All generators are connected to the system through delta wye trans-formers. The high side is wye, solidly grounded. A schematic drawing is also included.
Page 5 Re: Florida Power & Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information QUESTION 3 The response to request 2 "We have concluded that the Turkey Point trip could not by itself, have caused the line to relay" is not supported. Please furnish any supporting analyses with a full description.
RESPONSE 3 The conclusion" that the system was stable at 10:24 a.m., May 16, 1977, was based on the following:
- 1) The system continued to operate for 16 minutes follow-ing the loss of Turkey Point: No. 3.
- 2) . Oscillograms from Ringling show no sign of instability before loss of Fort Myers-Ranch circuit.
- 3) Oscillograms fram Midway show no sign of instability before the loss of Fort Myers-Ranch circuit.
- 4) Oscillograms from Broward show no sign of instability before the loss of the Fort Myers-Ranch circuit.
- 5) Total generation was increasing. Copy of total genera-tion chart attached (Appendix D).
- 6) There were no reports from, operators that voltage, watts or vars were oscillating.
- 7) The Fort Myers-Ringling 240kV circuit tripped at both ends. Since the relays'are directional, only one end would 'trip for an overload condition. Only an internal fault could cause infeed from both ends. There were ground targets at, Ranch and at Fort Myers. Circuits tripping from an. unstable condition will trip with-phase targets. Since all three phases must swing together, the swing is balanced and therefore there is no ground current to operate ground relays.
- 8) From-ratings furnished by conductor manufacturers, we have obtained conductor temperatures fo various con-ditions of loading and ambient temperature. From the
Page 6 Re: Florida Power 6 Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251,, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional information SCADA alarm log from Nest Palm Beach, we can determine that. the watt loading was near or slightly above the alarm setpoint of 418M', and that the VAR loading was below the setpoint of 147ÃVAR. This loading is such that it is, highly unlikely that the conductor would sag enough to contact some object and cause a phase-to-ground fault. The loadings are reasonably confirmed by taking the change in ties, change in generation, and change in west coast load to determine the total. power flow at the time of loss.
- 9) The line loading of the Fort Myers-Ranch line was well under the tripping value.
Setting sheets are attached. (Appendix') with- a plot of, the relay characteristic in terms of R X and a plot in terms of watts-G and vars.
page 7 Re: Florida Power a Light- Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Reauest for Additional Information QUESTION 4 The response to request 3 appears to suggest that the cal-culation involving the loss of Turkey Point, 4 in the FCG study is to be considered to bound the events which occurred around 10:08 on 5/16/77. If this suggestion is intended, please furnish a detailed description of this calculation showing relevant detail which causes it to be regarded as bounding.
RESPONSE 4 The Stone & Wibster report to the Public Service Commission dated May 10, 1973, recommended system studies relating to items such as load shedding and,line relaying. Stone Webster was retained to perform such studies and prepare recommendations. From these, modifications in operating and. design practices have been- implemented.
An additional stability study, performed by an ZCG task force, involved an off-peak load level case study of the loss of one Turkey Point unit- with the cross-state 500 kV line out of service. In response to your 'request for a detailed description of this "calculation", those por-tions of the FCG study that'elate to this specific case are attached as Appendix A. K The computer program used is the. PECO stability program which was run on the Florida Power Corporation IBM 370/168 system at St. Petersburg, Florida. The study is considered reasonable as a bounding case for the first, event of May 16, 1977. The study case assumes the 500 kV cross-state line out for maintenance, assumes an FPL load level of 4634 MW, and assumes the loss of a large unit at Turkey Point {700 MW). On May 16, the 500 kV line was out, the FPL load at 10:07'.m. was" 4710 MW (net), and the unit dropped at Turkey Point was carrying 684 MW (net) . The study case indicated that, such a system was stable. In fact, on May 16, the system remained stable (e.g.,'o cascading load loss, no line relay action, frequency decay arrested and returned to normal) following the disturbance at 10:08 a.m'. involving the trip of the Turkey Point unit.
You may also wish to refer to the Federal Power Commission report for the first quarter of 1977 .(partial copy attached as Appendix B).
I
Page 8 Re: Florida Power & Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information QUESTION 5 The response to request 6 is not clear in some respects.
Is our understanding that Southern Co. and Florida Power and Light Company have not yet entered an agreement for a 500 kV Georgia-Florida tie correct? Is our understanding that 800 MH interchange capability from Georgia to Florida (which was, according to referenced FPGL reports, to be ready in 1976) is not yet available correct>
RESPONSE 5 The load growth and the generation/transmission expansion plans of both Florida and Georgia were revised to reflect the slower economic growth of the nation. The need for additional transmission tie lines between Florida and Georgia was altered accordingly. Thus, the in-service date for the 500 kV tie is now conceived by both Florida and Georgia to fall, into the late 1980's (possibly as late as 1990). Therefore, no agreement with Georgia has been reached.
This will be monitored closely by the Federal Energy Re-gulatory Commission, SERC, FCG, Florida Public Service Commission, Georgia Power Company, and Florida Power 6 Light Company.
A January 1980 in-service date for a 240 kV line from Yulee (Florida) to Kingsland (Georgia) has been agreed to by Georgia, Power Company and Florida Power a Light Company with additional supportive facilities to establish a. transmission interconnection.
Page Re: Florida Power 6 Light Company (FPL)
Docket Nos. 50-250, 50-251, and 50-335 Re uest for Additional Information QUESTION 6 The reply to request 7.3 is not fully responsive. Please provide the discussion requested.
RESPONSE 6 Turkey Point, Unit 4 was removed from service to perform scheduled refueling, maintenance, and inspections of nuclear and non-nuclear systems on May 9, 1977. Maintenance and refueling are occurrences. which are normal and anticipated.
Generating capacity available was sufficient to meet anticipa-ted loads with adequate reserve margins. Because periodic maintenance of- generating facilities is a routine procedure, and had begun seven days prior to the disturbance on May 16, there was no need for a specific discussion of this event within the referenced report. A status of all installed'capacity at 10:08 a.m., May 16, 1977, was included in the report as Figure 5.
The Andytown-Orange River 500 kV line had been operating kV since 1974. Conversion to 500 kV was scheduled for at'30 1977 and construction had begun in 1976 to accomplish this.
On May 9, 1977, the line was removed from service on a continuous clearance for final line work. The line was temporarily energized at 500 kV on May 14. On Sunday night, May 15, the line was removed from service in accordance with a clearance scheduled on May 16, to permit final calibration of protective systems.
Removal of transmission facilities from service from time to time to facilitate construction or maintenance is a normal practice. For these reasons it was not necessary to discuss this within the referenced report. The status of the Andytown-Orange River 500 kV line on May 16, 1977, is clearly indicated on Figures 2 and 4.
The "Report on System Disturbance, May 16, 1977" was prepared to address the disturbance and provide an analysis of those events directly related to it. The Report and Exhibits taken as a whole, clearly establish the initial condition of .the system on May 17, 1977. A discussion of, events, prior to that time, was not intended since the system was operating within limits on the morning of May 16.
APPENDlX A
.I Jl I, FLOR)DA ELECTRIC POWER COORDINATING GROUP {FCG) 402 REO STREET, SUITE 2I4 ~ TAMPA, I'I.ORIDA 33609 ~ {813) 877-530I July 27, 1977 SYSTEM PLANNING COMMITTEE:
Mr. J. S. Bell, Florida Power a Light Company Mr. R. T. Bowles, Florida Power Corporation Mr. Larry Gawlik, Gainesville/Alachua County Regional Utilities Board Mr. M. W. Howell, Gulf Power Company Mr. R'. T. Dyer, Jacksonville Electric Authority Mr. R. E. Arnold, Lake Worth Utilities Authority Mr. R. W. Cochran, Lakeland Department of Electric &
Water Utilities Mr. D. E. Moore, Orlando Utilit.ies- Commission Mr. R. W. Claussen, Seminole Electric Cooperative, Inc.
Mr. G. T. Lawrence, City of Tallahassee Elect:ric Department Mr. R. E. Proctor, Tampa Electric Company SUB JECT: OFF-PEAK TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDY FOR 1977 The 1977 Transient Stability Task Force was assigned to investigate the transient response of the State Bulk Power System for various contingencies which may occ'ur during off-peak operating conditions. These contingencies are set forth in SERC Guidelines, Number 3, "Criteria. for Reliability in System Planning." The recommendations of this study will
. assure that cascading outages will not result from any .
foreseeable contingencies.
This study was the combined effort: of individuals in every member company of the System Planning Committee.
During the months of January and February, the Task Force spent two weeks in St. Petersburg, Florida, in order to expedite this study.
Respectfully submitted, 1977 Transient Stability Task Force:
G. L. Hofacker, Chairman (FPL)
A. N. Darlington (TEC)
G. F. Erickson (OUC)
C. N. Hansen (FPC)
H.- D. Powell (JEA)
GLH/ds
INTRODUCTION The System Planning Committee commissioned the 1977 Off-Peak Transient Stability 'I Task Force to analyze certain transient stability phenomena of the Interconnected Generation/
Transmission System proposed to be in service during 1977.
System planning personnel from the following utilities either worked on the Task Force or provided data to produce the results stated in this report:.
Florida Power Corporation Florida Power 6 L'ight Company Gainesville. Alachua County. Regional
. Utilities Boarc1 Jacksonville Electric Authority Lakeland Department of Electric & Water Uf iliities Orlando Utilities Commission City of Tallahassee Tampa Electric Company The general. study categories are listed below:
- 1. Generation Losses A three-part analysis. associated with:
- a. The transient effects associated with single nuclear generator contingency outages.
- b. The transient effects associated with multiple generator contingency outages.
- c. The transient effects associated with single
-nuclear generator contingency outages on a fragmented transmission syst: em.
A-2
- 2. Transmission Losses An analysis of the transient effects on the system resulting from a three-phase, delayed-clearing fault.
These studies were run on Florida Power Corporation's IBM System 370 Computer, utilizing the Philadelphia Electric Company (PECO) Load, Flow and Transient Stability programs the latter modified by Florida Power Corporation.
The Task Force met during the last week of January 1977 and. the last two days of February 1977 in St. Petersburg, Florida, to run and analyze cases. All case studies were completed on the computer by the end of Apri1 1977.
The features incorporated in the modified, version of the Transient Stability program include:
- 1. Provision to. model underfrequency relays allowing three independent set points and intentional relay time delay settings at each bus with separate breaker time. and'ndependent 2.. Provision to model most transmission line relays which may operate due to positive sequence transients.
3 ~ Relay representations included, the following types:
- a. impedance
- b. Reactance
- c. Underfrequency
- d. Directional Comparison Carrier Blocking Each distance relay could be modeled with three separate distance and time settings and independent 1
breaker,.trip and reclose time specification.
~
'-3
- 4. Summary Reports for:
- a. Load damping -for selected areas.
- b. Turbine response for selected areas.
I Ci , Line flow change for selected lines.
- d. Line flow for selected lines.
- e. Machine frequency and angle for all units.
A-4
PURPOSE The purpose of these studies was to analyze the 1977 State system to provide an understanding of the transient response during. off-peak conditions. The primary interests were to:
- 1. Simulate selected single unit generation outages under two circumstances; with complete trans-mission system and fragmented transmission system.
- 2. Determine if emergency reactor coolant pump operation would be initiated on nuclear generating units.
- 3. Determine the underfrequency relay response in the State for the 1977 time period such that no firm load would be shed, for the loss of the largest unit.
4.- Determine if the response of the Florida bulk power system to the contingencies studied would result in any cascading from the Peninsular Florida Subregion into the Southern Company Subregion.
- 5. Provide a report to be used as a guide for future studies on the subject. 4 A-5
PERIOD OF STUDY This study was done considering certain significant generation .and transmission facilities to be in service.
These f'acilities were (1) the Andytown Orange River 500 kV line, and (2) Crystal River Unit 3, St. Lucie Unit 1, and Port Manatee Unit 1.
The task force used the published Florida Load Duration Curves for 1974 to determine the value for the off-peak load.
level.. The load value was plotted as a function of the duration of that particular load level during the year 1974.
The peak of this curve was selected as a starting point and the duration of each load point above and below the center point was summed to determine the percent load range that represented 50 percent of the time. The recommended load level is that load level which falls mid-way in this range.
This value compares ver'y closely with the composite load duration curves published in the subject report. The load ve c osen was 55 ercent of the 1977 estimate of summer d of each ut'lit . Adjustments to this figure were made by Florida Power Corporation and Tampa Electric Company, reflecting industrial load.'t was assumed that a high power factor would be in effect at this load level; hence, no transmission compensation was required.
A-6
The load level and. spinning reserve used in the Base Case Load Flow is tabulated below:
Load and, Spinning Losses Reserve (re~) (K0)
Florida. Power'orporation (FPC) 2, 417 340 Florida Power & Light Company (FPL) 4,634 486 Gainesville-Alachua County RUB (GVL) 101 21 Jacksonville Electric Authority ( JEA) 709 181 City of Lakeland. (LAK) 131 37 Orlando Utilities Commission (OUC) 259 101 City of Tallahassee (TAL) 139 Tampa Electric Company (TEC) 1,125 207 State of Florida Total 9,515 1,441 Southern Company Eauivalent 11,414 TOTAL 20,929 1,441 A-7
CASE TSS-77-4A2 LOSS OP TURKEY POINT UNIT 4 (700 MH)
WITH FRAGMENTED TRANSMISSION SYSTEM P
This case simulation was chosen in order to observe the transient response of: the system for the loss of a large generating unit in extreme southern Florida during a time period when certain transmission circuits considered vital to maintain system integrity have been*removed. This condition is analogous to having these= circuits removed for maintenance.
The transmission lines selected for removal were the Andytown - Orange River 500 kV circuit, the Midway - Indiantown 230 kV circuit; and. the Central Florida - Clermont East 230 kV circuit.
Specific items of interest are:
l) The transient response of the state for the loss of a significant percentage of dispatched. system ~
generation during off-peak conditions.-
- 2) The resulting frequency and. voltage response which may cause the operation of emergency reactor coolant pumps.
- 3) To determine if underfzequency load shedding will occur.
- 4) To observe any tendency toward cascading.
A-8
RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS The loss of this unit. resulted in the frequency'ecline
~
of the other units in the state. Turkey Point Unit 3 reached a minimum frequency of 59.58 Hz at. approximately T = 0.35 second.
This frequency represented the lowest that occurred on any State of Florida generating unit. Frequency deviations from 60.00 Hz on those units progressively removed from Turkey Point were smaller and occurred later in simulation time {see Figure 4A2-2).
System response recovered. the 700 MW loss by T' 0.7 second.
The largest initial contribution was from load damping, followed respectively by tie line flows and turbine response (see Figure 4A2-1).. The load damping peak was 697 MW at, T = 1.7 seconds; turbine response peaked, 0.1 second. later at 243 PH.
Ti'e lines were exporting approximately 3 MW of power when the unit, outage occurred (see Figure 4A2-3). These tie lines were, composed of the following circuits:
- 1) Suwannee-Archer 230 kV
- 2) Ft. White-Znglis 115 kV
- 3) Ft. White-Newberry 115 kV
- 4) Ft. White-High Springs 69 kV Net power flow over these tie lines reversed at T = 0.2 second, increasing to a peak of 515 MW at T = 2.4 seconds to the south. No transmission line relays operated during the, course of the study.
A-9
A voltage. profile for selected buses throughout. the state reveals the following excursions from initial conditions:
TABLE I:, VOLTAGE PROFILE (PERCENT)
Initial Minimum Voltage Bus Vol~acae Voitacae Difference 9 T=4.0 Turkey Point 230 kV (FPL) 105.7 96. 5 -9.2 104. 9 Andytown 230 kv (FPL) 105.1 92. 2 -12.9 102. 6 Ft. Myers 230 kv (FPL) 104.9 92. 2 -12. 7 101.7 Midway 230 kV 'FPL) 105.6 94. 6 -11.'0 101.8 Volusia 230 kv (FPL) 104.4 ,'100.6 -3.8 103.7 Suwannee 230 kv (FPc) 102. 3 94. 6 <<7 7 103.5 Crystal River 230 kv (FPc) 105. 7 101. 3 -4.4 106. 1.
Gannon 230 kv (TEC) 104.7 101. 7 -3. 0 103.8 Pebbledale- 230 kV (TEC) 101.8 97. 9 -3. 9 100. 4 Northside 230 kV (JEA) 101. 100. 3 -1.4 101. 3 Indian River 230 kv (OUC) 7 7'05.
101. 1 -4.6 105. 0 Larsen Hopkins 69 kv 230 kV
(~)
(TAL) 102.7 100.7 98.2 98.3
-4.5
-2.4 100. 2 101. 7 ~ .
Parker. Road. 230 kV (GVL) 103.7 94.7 -9.0 103. 1 The lowest frequency and terminal voltage occurring on the three remaining nuclear generating units are tabulated below:
TABLE II': NUCLEAR GENERATING UNIT DATA
'owest Lowest Terminal Frequency Voltage Unit (Hz) (Percent)
Turkey Point 3 59.58 92.4 St. Lucie 1 59.77 89.8 Crystal River 3 59.80 100.1 A-10
CONCLUSIONS Based on the assumptions included in this study',, the following conclusions can be stated:
l) There will. be no separation of Peninsular Florida from the north for the loss of this unit.
- 2) The resulting reguency and voltage response of the three nuclear units connected to the system is such that emergency. reactor coolant. pump operation will not be. initiated.
- 3) No load shedding will. occur.
- 4) No transmission line relay operations will occur from the loss of this unit.
- 5) No, tendency toward cascading was observed.
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APPENDIX B FPC REPORTS ON ELECTPZC POWER DISTURBANCES DURING: THE SECOND QUARTER OF 1977 APRIL 1- JUNE 30i 1977 The Federal Power'Commission (FPC) requi es all electric
-utilities to report electric power disturbances under Order No. 331-1. The reports 'are classified into three categories; bulk power supply interruptions which result in loss of ultimate customer load, load reduction measures w hich do not necessarily result in disconnection of customer load, and events which constitute an unusual hazard to bulk electric power supply.
The second quarter of 1977 reported disturbances are briefly summarized, for each classification in attached, Tables I, ZZ, and IIZ.. The major disturbances are described in greater detail below:
'ulk Power Su 1 Znterru tions electric 4
During the-'second quarter of 1977,. the nation s utility systems reported eight bulk power supply interruptionso FPC.
FPC Order No 3,31-1 requires electric systems to report all interruptio'ns of bulk power supply caused by the outage of any generating unit. or electric facili'ty operating at a. n'ominal
. voltage of'9 ki;lovolts or higher and resulting in a"load oss for 15 minutes or longer of at least 100 megawatts." 'maller systems must report if one-half or more of the annual 'system peak load is involved. The major interruptions are described below.
Florida Power and- Light Co. May 16, 1977 The largest bulk electric power interruption in terms of customers and load occurred on May 16, 1977, when 1,300,000 customers, representing 3,227'megawatts of load, were deprived of service. for periods up to four hours and 36 minutes during an outage on Florida Power & Light Company's (FP&L) system.
During this period, three separate inci'dents of system dis-turbance occurred, which are categorized as:.,
1." Forced outage o'f Turkey Point Unit No. 3,
a666-megawa"C nuclear'nit,
- 2. Loss of the 'FC. Hyers-R ncn 240-kilovolt transmission line; and
- 3. Loss of the Andytown-Orange River 500-kilovolt line.
At 10:08 a m.. Turkey Point Unit No. 3 experienced a reactor and turbine trip as the result of a false relay signal which caused the loss of 684 megawatts in generation The north-south lines in the State of Florida relayed, isolating the Peninsula from the north. 'he combiried spinning reserves
't of the Florida- system were sufficient to cover the loss'nd arres the fr'equency decline- at 59.59 hertz, .and.no was affected 10:14 a.m.. the inCerconnection to the north was re-established and the frequency returned to 60 customer'ervice hertz. However, with the loss of Turkey Point No. 3, the system transmission line loadings we e such that the Ft 240-kilovolt line was loaded to its maximum thermalHyers-panch rating.
Ten minutes later, a second outage, which extended from Fort Pierce southward along the East Coast to the Florida Keys, was trigg red wnen the heavily loaded (west to east flow) F.".
ayers-Ranch 240-kilovolt line tripped because of a phase-to-ground fault. This caused heavy north to south fl'ows tripping other key transmission lines. This division of the transmission system resulted in the St. Lucie Plant of the eastern a=ca being tied only to the northern system area, tne Riviera Plant being islanded with part of the eastern system area'load, and creation of an isolaCed southern area. I Zn the southern area, PorC Everglades Units 1- and 3 and Turkey Point Units 1 and 2 were generating a total of 1,003 meqawa t Cs to supply'pproximate ly I2,9 50 megawatts o f load.
Tnis load-generation imbalance caused a rapid'ecrease in freauency to below 56 hertz. Underfreguency relays operated to.. shed approxi~L. tely '1,'544 megawatts of load., The four units operating at"Port Everglades and Turkey Point Plants became overloaded and tripped out due to underspeed protection Tne,
-isolated 'eastern area's Ri'viera Plant was shut down because of-excess generation and subsecruent operational problems following rapid unloading.
B-2
o The other FP&L system islands (north and vest) went into overfrecuency from excess generation causing tne St. Lucie Unit 1 operator to manually trip the nuclear un't due to rapid unloading to an unsatisfactory level. Shortly the frequency in the north and west recovered to normal, whicn permitted re-establishment of the north-south FPGL system ties and reconnec-tion to other Florida systems. The total number of customers affected by this series of events was 1,300,000, representing 3,227 megawatts of load. Restoration of the south and eastern areas began and most of the load was re-established by 12:03 p.m., after" one hour and 39 minutes.'uring
~hi s initial res tora tion at 12: 03 p.m. the third
'incident occurred when the Andytown-Orange 500-kilovolt line tripped because of the misoperation of a fault pressure relay on the "A," phase of the 240/500-kilovolt autotransformer at
'ndyto~~. Tnis initiated a power swing which resulted in the separation of the entire eastern and southern areas at Valabar.
Generation in the affected area was again separated by under-frecuency generator protection and overcurrent relay operation.
The total amount of load lost was 2,025 megawatts. Service restoration again proceeded immediately Gas turbines quickly picked up load in the. isolated areas and were synchronized with the northern sys em. Service was restored to all but a few small isolated areas by 3:00 p.m. the s~e day; Ss Tennessee Valley Authority' Hay 2,'977 ln terms of load, the second largest bu'k electric power interruption occurred on Nay 2, 1977, on tne Tennessee Valley Authority's (TVA) sys"em when tne loss of two Electric Energy Inc. 161-kilovolt transmission lines supplying load to the Energy Research and Development A ministration. (ERDA) in Paducah, Kentucky, caused t.-.e loading and tripping of a TVA 161-kilovolt, circuit to the EROA load center. Following loss of the TVA circuit from its Shawnee plant, three of the plant's units tripped, resulting 'n a power interruption vh'ch lasted for" five hours and 29 minutes and a load loss total'ng l,OS4 mega-watts. Only one industrial customer, EROA, was affected by the ou age.
APPENDIX C Sample Calculation Area Load Chart Transmission System Breaker Diagram 4/1/77 (8 sheets)
Transmission System Schematic Diagram Oscillograms Broward (l roll)
Oscillograms Midway (l roll)
S 1 3/30/78 SAMPLE OF CALCULATION OF FT. HYERS-RANCH 240kV LINE LOADING APPROXIMATE TAMPA TIES MANATEE FT. MYERS POWER- AREA FORT HYERS - RANCH FLOWS
/0 //2 /n. ~/1 ~/2 GT S VA I LADLE LOAD TOTAL 240l<V I.INE 10:07. -70 105 585 108 337 0 995 705 290 191 1o:o8 -180 20 128 346 0 1272 ~ 710 562 395 10:23 -180 20 677 128 365 1335 74o 595 42o 107 310 672 672 0 0 10:24 ,70 250 570 5
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APPENDIX D Total Generation Chart Relay Settings (Fort, Nyers Ranch)
R-X Diagram Phase Relays (Fort Myers Ranch)
Watt-Var Diagram Phase Relays (Fort Nyers - Ranch)
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DATE PANKL 12/10/76 PL"435 Qa ting STATION FLORIDA POIVcR SLIGHT CQI.IPANY FT. MYERS CIRCUIT a
FT. MYERS-RANCH 240kV PROTECTIVE RELAY SETTINGS COMPANION PANKL PB-128 Indicates change from specified settings dated 5"16 "75 Circuit Impedance: 13..17 +j 77.27 Ohms Carrier Channel Frequency: 106 kHz
"- BCT Ratio: 2000/5 CLPG R lay is DUAL Polarized PT Ratio: 2000/1 CEY Phase Carrier Triooin Re.la CLPG'round Carrier Rela Model Number: 12C LPG12ClA Range: ' ~0 Onms, Range: G1 0.4, 1.6 Amps Settings:
Basic Tap:
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Ohms Reach: 0.5 Angle: Approximate Restraint Tap: 10/
Reach: ~2 ~ Angle: 200 Reach: ~2 .o0 Angle: ~2 0 90'hms
'hms Forward Reach:, 26.0 Ohms Angle:
75'ackward Reach: 4.0 Ohms Angle:
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CHC Phase Carrier Fault Detector Pela Model Number: 12CHC12A2A Range: 2 - 8 Amp s Pickup: 2 Amps 255'ELAYS SKT AS SPKCIFIKD By Date FORM 3103 RKV 3/73
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