Regulatory Guide 1.52

Design, Testing, and Maintenance Criteria for Engineered-safety-feature Atmosphere Cleanup System Air Filtration and Adsorption Units of Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear Power Plants

ML13350A197
Person / Time
Issue date:	07/31/1976
From:	Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research
To:
References
RG-1.052, Rev. 1
Download: ML13350A197 (11)

U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY

COMMISSION

REGULATORY

GUIDE Revitton 1 July 1976 OFFICE OF STANDARDS

DEVELOPMENT

REGULATORY

GUIDE 1.52 DESIGN, TESTING, AND MAINTENANCE

CRITERIA FOR ENGINEERED-SAFETY-

FEATURE ATMOSPHERE

CLEANUP SYSTEM AIR FILTRATION

AND ADSORPTION

UNITS OF LIGHT-WATER-COOLED

NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

A. INTRODUCTION

General Design Criteria 41. 42, and 43 of Appendix A, "General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power Plants," to 10 CFR Part 50, "Licensing of Production and Utilization Facilities," require that containment atmos-phere cleanup systems be provided as necessary to reduce the amount of radioactive material released to the environment following a postulated design basis accident (DBA) and that these systems be designed to permit appropriate periodic inspection and testing to ensure their integrity, capability, and operability.

General Design Criterion 61 of Appendix A to Part 50 requires that fuel storage and handling systems, radioactive waste systems, and other systems that may contain radioactivity be designed to ensure adequate safety under normal and postulated accident conditions and that they be designed with appropriate confinement, and filtering systems. General Design Criterion 19 requires that adequate radit'ion protection be provided to permit access to and occusaucy of the control room under accident conditions and for the duration of the accident without personnel radiation exposures in excess of 5 I.futo the whole body.This guide pres!"4 nertods acceptable to the NRC staff for implernr-ting" e Commission's regulations in Appendix A, tiO CFl Part 50 with regard to the design, te .g, afti imilinance criteria for air filtration and ada T atmosphere cleanup systems in light-water- ed nuclear power plants. This guide applies onlyy engineered-safety-feature atmosphere cleanup systems designed to mitigate the consequences of postulated accidents.

It addresses the atmosphere cleanup system, including the various components and ductwork, in the postulated DBA environment.

B. DISCUSSION

Atmosphere cleanup systems are included as en-gineered safety features in the design of liglil.witer.

cooled nuclear power plants to mitigate the c0rs,..quences of postulated accldwnts by removing fr',rn the building or conltailliment atmosphere radioactive mnateral that may be rtdeased in the accident.

All such cleanup systems should be dsiped it) operate uider the environnmental conditions resulting from die accideit.in this guide, atmosphere cleanup systems that nitist operate under postulated DBA conditions inside the primary containment (i.e., recirculating systems) are designated as primary systems. Systems required to operate under conditions that are generally less severe (Le., recirculating or once-through systems) are desig-nated as secondary systems. Secondary systems typically include the standby gas treatment system and the emergency air cleaning systems for the fuel handliiig building, control room, and shield building.The DBA environmental conditions for a Liven system should be determined for each plant. DBA environmental conditions for typical primary and secondary systems are shown in Table I. In addition.primary systems should be designed to withstand tie radiation dose from water and plateout sources in the containment and the corrosive effects of chemical sprays (if such sprays are included in the plant design).An atmosphere cleanup system consists of sonic or all of the following components:

demisters, heaters. pre-filters, high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, adsorption units, fans, and associated ductwork, valv.ing, and instrumentation.

The purpose of the decnister is to remove entrained water droplets from die inlet USNRC AEGULATORY

GUIDES Comments ftould be sent to the Secetatev of the Commit$'*r U 6 Nuclse, Reegulatorl Commission.

Wathington.

0 C 2OU. Attention Doielblim and~Regulatory Guides ate ilsued to describe and make available to the public Service Sectiomt methods eoeet6able to thl NRC ,e:If of implementing specific perts of ihe Commission'e seouleione.

0 adlhnete'

techniques used by the $tlef in vei1u the guides spa Issued in the following ton broad divisions cling specific problems or pOS1ulated accidents, or to piovidte guidance to eppli cen.t Regulatory Guides or* not substitute$ iegulalitlln and complience I Power Reactors 6 Products with them is not (iquired Melthods and solutions dilt cent from those eel ou0 in 2 Research and Telt leactore 1 Transportation the guides w)iI be acceptable it they provide a basis tlo the findings requisite to 3 Fuels end Metesiels Facilities

8 Occupational Htelth the issuance at continuance of a permit or license by the Commission

4 Environmental Silti 2 Antitrust Comments and sugg6esti01l for improvement;

in those guide% ate encouraged

5 Materials enid Pllnt Protection

10 General at ell limes, and guides :ill be revised me epptoprlete to accomrnodate cam ments and Io reflect new information ao edaperince Howovee. comments on Copies Of pubtlthed guides mar be obteined by writen request indicating tire this it #rCeived wilhin about two months aftr 4lte istsuince will be per divisione desired to the U S Nuclear Regulatory Comnseteion Washington DC hiculeil usslUl in evaluating thi neimed to-n e.lrly rvii.On 20%5 Atlentuon Direcio, 011,c of Siendedl enstlopmlntit stream. thereby protecting pretilters, HEPA filters, and adsorbers front water damage awd plugging.

Heaters.when used on secondary systems, normally follow the demisters in the cleanup train and are designed to mix and heat the incoming stream to reduce the stream's relative humidity before it reaches the filters and adsorbers.

Prefihters and HEPA filters are installed to remove particulate matter, which may be radioactive.

Prefilters remove the larger particles and prevent excessive loading of HEPA filters; to some extent dernisters may a!so perform this function.

The HEPA filters remove the fine discrete particulate matter and pass the air stream to the adsorber.

The adsorber removes gaseous iodine (ele.mental iodine and organic iodides) from the air stream.IIEPA filters downstream Df the adsorption units collect carbon fines. The fan is the final item in an atmosphere cleanup train.The environmental conditions preceding a postulated DIA may affect the performance of the atmosphere cleanup system. Such factors, for example, as industrial contaminants, pollutants, temperature, and relative humidity contribute to the aging and weathering of filters and adsorbers and reduce their capability to perform their intended functions.

Therefore, aging and weathering of the filter: and adsorbers, both of which vary from site to site, should be considered during design and operation.

Average temperature and relative humidity also vary from site to site, and the potential buildup of moisture in the adsorber should also be given design consideration.

The effects of these environmental factors on the atmosphere cleanup systemn should be determined by scheduled testing during operation.

All components, of atmosphere cleanup systems should be designed for reliable performance under accident conditions.

Initial testing and proper mainte.nance are primary factors in ensuring the reliability of the system. Careful attention during the design phase to problems of system maintenance can contribute signifi-cantly to the reliability of the system by increasing the ease of such maintenance.

Of particular importance in the design is a layout that provides accessibility and sufficient working space so that the required functions can be performed safely. Periodic testing during opera.Lion to verify the efficiency of the components is another important means of ensuring reliability.

Built-in features that will facilitate convenient in-place testing are important in system design.Standards for the design and testing of atmosphere cleanup systems include draft standard ANSI N509,'Lines indicate substantyv- changes from previously published regulatory guide."Nuclear Power Plant Air Cleaning Units and Comnpo.rients" (Ref. 1), and ANSI N510.1975, "Testing of Nuclear Air Cleaning Systems" (Ref. 2).Other standards are available for the construction and testing of certain components of systems. Where such standards are acceptable to the NRC staff, they are referenced in this guide. Where no suitable standard exists, acceptable approaches are presented in this guide.ORNL.NSIC-65, "Design, Construction and Testing of High-Efficiency Air Filtration Systems for Nuclear Ap-plication" (Ref. 3), provides a comprehensive review of air filtration systems. It is not a standard but a guide that discusses a number of acceptable design alternatives.

C. REGULATORY

POSITION 1. Environmental Design Criteria a. The design of an engineered-safety.feature at.mosphere cleanup system should be based on the maximum pressure differential, radiation dose rate, relative humidity, maximum and minimum temperature, and other conditions resulting from the postulated DBA and on the duration of such conditions.

b. The design of each system should be based on the radiation dose to essential services ih the vicinity of the adsorber section integrated over the 30.day period following the postulated DBA. The radiation source term should be consistent with the assumptions found in Regulatory Guides 1.3 (Ref. 4), 1.4 (Ref. 5), and 1.25 (Ref. 6). Other engineered safety features, incluing pertinent components of essential services such as power, air, and control cables, should be adequately shielded from the atmosphere cleanup systems.c. The design of each adsorber should be based on the concentration and relative abundance of the iodine species (elemental, particulate, and organic), which should be consistent with the assumptions found in Regulatory Guides 1.3 (Ref. 4), 1.4 (Ref. 5), and 1.25 (Ref. 6).d. The operation of any atmosphere cleanup system should not deleteriously affect the operation of other engineered safety features such as a containment spray system, nor should the operation of other en-gineered safety features such as a containment spray system deleteriously affect the operation of any atmos-phere cleanup system.e. Components of systems connected to compart.ments that are unheated during a postulated accident should be designed for postaccident effects of both the lowest and highest outdoor temperatures used in the plant design.*1 1.52-2

2. System Design Criteria a. Atmosphere cleanup systems designed and in.stalled for the purpose of mitigating accident doses should be redundant.

The systems should consist of the following weqt..ntial components:

(1) demisters, (2)prefilters (Gemisters may serve this function), (3) HEPA filters before the adsorbers, (4) iodine adsorbers (impreg.nated activated carbon or equivalent ads.,rbent such as metal zeolites), (5) HIEPA filters after the adsorbers, (6)ducts and valves, (7) fans, and (8) related instrumenta.

tion. Heaters or cooling coils should be used when the humidity is to be controlled before filtration.

b. The redundant atmosphere cleanup systems should be physically separated so that damage to one system does not also cause damage to the second system.The generation of missiles from high-pressure equipment rupture, rotating machinery failure, or natural pheno-mena should be considered in the design for separation and protection.

c. All components of an engineered-safety-feature atmosphere cleanup system should be designated as Seismic Category I (see Regulatory Guide 1.29 (Ref. 7))if failure of a component would lead to the release of significant quantities of Fission products to the working or outdoor environments.

d. If the atmosphere cleanup system is subject to pressure surges resulting from thie postulated accident, the system should be protected from such'surges.

Each component should be protected with such devices as pressure relief valves so that the overall system will perform its intended function during and after the passage of the pressure surge.e. In the mechanical design of the sy: tem, the high radiation levels that may be associated with buildup of radicactive materials on the system components should be given particular consideration.

System con-struction

• materials should effectively perform their intended function under the postulated radiation levels.The effects of radiation should be considered not only for the demisters, heaters. HEPA fidters, adsorbers, and fans, but also for any electrical insulation, controls, joining compounds, dampers, gaskets, and other organic-containing materials that are necessary for opera-tion during a postulated DBA.f. The volumetric air flow rate of a single cleanup train should be limited to approximately

30,000 cfm. If a total system air flow in excess of this rate is required, multiple trains should be used. For ease of maintenance, a filter layout three HEPA filters high and ten wide is preferred.

g. The atmosphere cleanup system shovld be instrumented to signal. alarm, and record pertinent pressure drops and flow rates at the control room.hi. The power supply and electrical distribution system for the atmosphere cleanup system described in Section C,2.a above should be designed in accordance with Regulatory Guide 1.32 (Ref. 8). All instrumenta- tion and equipment controls should be designed to IEEE Standard 279 (Ref. 9). The system should be qualified and tested under Regulatory Guide 1.89 (Ref. 10). To the extent applicable, Regulatory Guide 1.30 (Ref. I I)and IEEE Standards

334 (Ref. 12), 338 (Ref. 13), and 344 (Ref. 14) should be considered in the design.i. To maintain radiation exposures to operating personnel as low as is reasonably achievable during plant maintenance, atmosphere cleanup systems should be designed to facilitate maintenance in accordance with the guidelines of Regulatory Guide 8.8 (Ref. 15). The cleanup train should be totally enclosed.Each train should be designed and installed in a manner that permits replacennent of the train as an intact unit or as a minimum number of segmented sections without removal of individual components.

j. Outdoor air intake openings should be equipped with louvers, grills, screens, or similar protective devices to minimnize the effects of high winds, rain, snow, ice, trash, and other contaminants on the operation of the system. If the atmosphere surrounding the plant could contain significant environmental contaminants, such as dusts and residues from smoke cleanup systems from adjacent coal burning power plants or industry, the design of the system should consider these contaminants and prevent them from affecting the operation of any atmosphere cleanup system.k. Atmtosphere cleanup system housings and duct-work should be designed to exhibit on test a maximum total leakage rate as defined in Section 4.12 of draft standard ANSI N509 (Ref. 1). Duct and housing leak tests should be performed In accordance with the recommendations of Section 6 of ANSI N510-1975 (Ref. 2).3. Component Design Criteria and Qualification Test-ing a. The demisters installed in engineered-safety- feature atmosphere cleanup systems should meet qualifi-cation requirements similar to those found in MSAR 71.45, "Entrained Moisture Separators for Fine Particle Water-Air-Steam Service, Their Performance, Develop-ment and Status" (Ref. 16). Demisters should meet Underwriters'

Laboratories (UL) Class I (Ref. 17)requirements.

1.52-3 b. Adsorption units function efficiently at a rela-tive humidity of 70%. If heaters are used on sýcondary systems, the heating section should reduce the relative humidity of the !ncoming atmosphere from 100% to 70% during postulated DBA conditions.

A prototype heating element should be qualified under postulatet DBA conditions.

Consideration should be given in system design to mirnumizing heater control malfunction.

The heater stiould not be a potential ignition adsorbent source.c. Materials used in the prefilters should withstand the radiation levels and environmental conditions preva-lent during the postulated DBA. Prefilters should meet UL Class I (Ref. 17) requirements and should be listed in the current UL Building Materials List (Ref. 18). The prefilters should have not less than a 40% atmospheric dust spot efficiency rating (see Section 9 of the ASHRAE Standard 52, "Method of Testing Air Cleaning Devices Used in General Ventilation for Removing Particulate Matter" (Ref. 19)).d. The HEPA filters should be steel cased and designed to military specifications MIJ,-F-51068D (Ref.20) and MIL-F-51079B (Ref. 21). The HEPA filters should satisfy the requirements of UL-586 (Ref. 22).The HEPA filter separators should be capable of withstanding iodine removal sprays if the atmosphere cleanup system will be exposed to such sprays following a DBA. HEPA filters should be tested individually by the appropriate Filter Test Facility listed in the current Energy Research and Development Administration (formerly USAEC) Health and Safety Bulletin for the Filter Unit Inspection and Testing Service (Ref. 23). The Filter Test Facility should test each filter for penetration of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) in accordance with the recommendations of MIL-F-5 1068D (Ref. 20) and MIL-STD-282 (Ref. 24).e. Filter and adsorber mounting frames should be constructed and designed in accordance with the recom-mendations of Section 4.3 of ORNL-NSIC-65 (Ref. 3).f. Filter and adsorber banks should be arranged in accordance with the recommendations of Section 4.4 of ORNL.NSIC-65 (Ref. 3).g. System filter housings, including floors and doors, should be constructed and designed in accor-dance with the recommendations of Sections 4.5.2, 4.5.5, 4.5.7, and 4.5.9 of ORNL-NSIC-65 (Ref. 3).h. Water drains should be designed in accordance with the recommendations of Section 4.5.6 of ORNL-NSIC-65 (Ref. 3).i. The adsorber section of the atmosphere cleanup system may contain any adsorbent material demon-strated to remove gaseous iodine (elemental iodine and organic iodides) from air at the required efficiency.

Since impregnated activated carbon is commonly used, only this adsorbent is discussed in this guide. Each original or replacement batch of impregnated activated carbon used in the adsorber section should meet the qualification and batch test results summarized in Table 2 of this guide. If an adsorbent other than impregnated activated carbon is proposed or if the mesh size distribution is different from the specifications in Table 2, the proposed adsorbent should have demonstrated the capability to perform as well as or better than activated carbon in satisfying the specifications in Table 2.If impregnated activated carbon is used as the adsorbent, the adsorber system should be designed for an average atmosphere residence time of 0.25 sec per two inches of adsorbent bed. The adsorber should have the capacity of loading 2.5 ing of total iodine (radio-active plus stable) per gram of activated carbon. No more than 5% of impregnant

(50 mg of impregnant per gram of carbon) should be used. The radiation stability of the type of carbon specified should be demonstrated and certified (see Section C.L.b of this guide for the design source term).j. If tray or pleated-bed adsorbent canisters are used in the adsorbent section. they should be designed in accordance with the recommendations of CS.8T,"Tentative Standard for High-Efficiency Gas-Phase Ad-sorber Cells" (Ref. 25). The activated carbon should be totally restrained in the adsorber.

A qualification test on a prototype adsorber should be performed in accordance with paragraph

7.4.1 of CS-8T (Ref. 25), except that the safe shutdown earthquake parameters particular to the site should be used. The adsorber should be tested both before and after the qualification test and should show no significant increased penetration when challenged with a gaseous halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant in accordance with USAEC Report DP-1082 (Ref. 26).To ensure that the adsorber section will contain carbon of uniform packing density, written procedures for filling the adsorber beds should be prepared and followed in accordance with the recommendations of Section 7.4.2 of CS-8T (Ref. 25).k. The design of the adsorber section should consider possible iodine desorption and adsorbent auto-ignition that may result from radioactivity-induced heat in the adsorbent and concomitant temperature rise.Acceptable designs include a low-flow air bleed system, cooling coils, water sprays for the adsorber section, or other cooling mechanisms.

Any cooling mechanism should satisfy the single-failure criterion.

A low-flow air bleed system should satisfy the single-failure criterion for providing low-humidity (less than 70% relative humidity)

cooling air flow.I. The system fan, its mounting, and the ductwork ,connections should be designed and constructed in 1.52-4 accordance with tile recomtmendatioiss ti Section 2.7 kt ORNL.NSIC.65 (Ref. 3).m. The fan or blower used on the cleanup system should be capable of operating under the environlmental conditions postulated, including radiation.

n. Duclwork should be designed in accordance with the recommnendations of Section 2.8 (if ORNL.NSIC.65 (Ref. 3).o. Ducts and housings should be laid out with a minimun of ledges, protrusions, and crevices thac could collect dust and moisture and that could impede personnel or cicate a hazard to then in the performance of their work. Straightening valnes should be installed to ensure representative air flow trmeasurement and uniform flow distribution through cleanup components.

4. Maintenance a. To keep radiation exposures to operating personnel as low as is reasonably achievable, the atnlus-phere cleanup system should be designed to control leakage and permit maintenance in accUrdance with thie guidlines of Regtilatory Guide 8.8 ( Ref. I5).b. Accessibility of components and maintenance should be considered in the design of atmosphere cleanup systems in accordance with the recomninenda- tions of Sections 2.5.2. 2.5.3. and 2.5.4 of ORNL-NSIC-65 (Ref. 3).c. For ease of niaintena ice, tile system design should provide for a minimum of three linear feet from mounting frame to mounting frame between banks of components.

If components are to be replaced, the dimension to be provided should be the rnaxinun¶length of the component plus a minimum of three feet.d. The system design should provide for perma.nent test probes with external connections.

Preferably, the test probes should be manifolded at a single convenient location, with due consideration given to balancing Qf line lengths and diameter to produce eliable test results for refrigerant gas, resistance, flow rate, and DOP testing.e. Each atmosphere cleanup train should be operated at least 10 hours1.157407e-4 days <br />0.00278 hours <br />1.653439e-5 weeks <br />3.805e-6 months <br /> per month, with tile heaters on (if so equipped), in order to reduce the buildup of moisture on the adsorbers and HEPA filters, f. The cleanup components (i.e., HEPA filters, prefiiters, and adsorbers)

should not be Installed while active construction is still in progress.5. I~li.l~ce "lesing (Critella a. 'lre .irllospliere cleanup system Should hi tested ii i place I I ) initially.

21 at least once jle tol)eIatiIIg cycle thereaftel tor svstelnis iirauntained ini a st.urmd'.k status or after 720 hoturs of' sh tem tiioelidtio'n, and (31 following paintilng, lire, or chemical release in anw ventilation zoine communicating with the systeml. A\visual i nspecti tit ' t the systeni and all associated components should he wlade before each test ill accol.dance with the recommendationis tot Section 5 of' ANSI N5 10-1975 (Ref. 2).b. The air flow distributiot:

to thie H-EPA fillets, and iodine adsorbers slihtild be tested in place inuutall\and at least once operating cycle thereafter t,11 unilOrmnity.

The distribution should be within +/-- 2` .,1 thie average olow per unit. The testing should 1ic conducted in accordance with the mecomnmerudations ,I Section 9 of "Industrial Ventilation'" (Ref. 2711 ind Section 8 of ANSI N5 10.1975 (Ref'. 2).k. The in-place DOI' test for IHEPA filters should conf'orm to Section 10 of ANSI N510..1975 (Ref. 2t I IEPA filter sections should be tested in place (It initially, (2) at least once per oIperatnig cycle tihcuCattel for systems maintained in a standby s:atus or at'let 7211 hours0.0835 days <br />2.003 hours <br />0.0119 weeks <br />0.00274 months <br /> of svsteln operation, and (3) following paintio.fire, or chemical release in any ventilanton zone conlnlunicaling with tile systemu to Con1irill a petteti.tion of less than 0.051 at rated flow. An engineered- safety-feature air filtrationr system satist' ing this condi.tion can be considered to warrant a )99.7 remoual efficiency for particulates in accident dose evaluaroits.

IIEPA filters that fail to satisfy this condition should IV replaced with filters qualified pursuant to regulathc.

position C.3.d of this guide. If the IHEPA filter bank ", entirely or only partially replaced.

an in-place DO)' teit should be conducted.

If any welding repairs are necessary on. within. ,m adjacent to the ducts, htousing.

or mllournlting frailes. the filters and adsorbers should be removed fronm tile housing during such repairs. The repairs should be completed prior to periodic testing, filter inspection.

arid in-place testing. Tire use of sili,:one sealants or an% othei temporary patching mnateial on filters. housing. nlloullt-ing frames, or ducts should not be allowed.d. The activated carbon adsorber section should be leak tested with a gaseous halogenated hrydrocarbon refrigerant in accordance with Section 12 of ANSI N510-1975 (Ref. 2) to ensure that bypass leakage through the adsorber section is less than 0.05%. During the test the upstream concentration of refrigerant gas should be no greater than 20 pprim. After the test is completed, air flow through tile unit should be main.1.52-5

-. I tained until the residual refrigerant gas in the eltluent is less than 0.01 ppm. Adsorber leak testing should be conducted whenever DOP testing is done.b. Laboratory Testing Criteria for Activated Carbon a. The activated carbon adsorber section of the atmosphere cleanup system should be assigned the decontamination efficiencies given in Table 3 for ele.mental iodine and organic iodides if the following conditions are met: (1) The adsorber section meets the conditions given in regulatory position C.5.d of this guide, (2) New activated carbon meets the physical property specifications gi'.r in Table 2, and (3) Representative samples of used activated carbon pass the laboratory tests given in Table 3.If the activated carbon fails to meet any of the above conditions, it should not be used in engineered- safety-feature adsorbers.

b. The efficiency of the activated carbon adsorber section should be determined by laboratory testing of representative samples of the activated carbon exposed simultaneously to the same service conditions as the aasorber section. Each representative sample should be not less than two inches in both length and diameter, and each sample should have the same qualification and batch test characteristics as the system adsorbent.

There should be a sufficient number of representative samples located in parallel with the adsorber section for estimat-ing the amount of penetration of the system adsorbent throughout its service life. The design of the samplers sh-ould be in accordance with the recommendations of i Appendix A of draft standard ANSI N509 (Ref. I.Where the system activated carbon is greater than two inches deep, each representative sampling station should consist of enough two-inch samples in series to equal the thickness of the system adsorbent.

Once representative samples are removed for laboratory test, their positions in the sampling array should be blocked off.Laboratory tests of representative samples should be conducted, as indicated in Table 3 of this guide, with the test gas flow in the same direction as the flow during service conditions.

Similar laboratory tests should be performed on an adsorbent sample before loading into the adsorbers to establish an initial point for comparison of future test results. The activated carbon adsorber section should be replaced with new unused activated carbon meeting the physical property specifications of Table 2 after the last representative sample has been removed and tested or if any preceding representative sample has failed to pass the tests in Table 3.

0. IMPLEMENTATION

The purpose of thii section is to provide information to applicants and licensees regarding the NRC staff's plans for using this regulatory guide.This guide reflects current NRC staff practice.

There.fore, except in those cases in which the applicant or licensee proposes an acceptable alternative method, the staff will use the method described herein in evaluating an applicant's or licensee's capability for and perform-ance in complying with specified portions of the Commission's regulations until this guide is revised as a result of suggestions from the public or additional staff review.1.52-6 REFERENCES

I. Draft Standard ANSI N509 (Draft 9 -November 1975), "Nuclear Power Plant Air Cleaning Units and Components," American National Standards Institute.

2. ANSI N510-1975, "Testing of Nuclear Air Clean.ing Systems," American National Standards Institute.

3. ORNL-NSIC-65, "Design, Construction, and Test-ing of High-Efficiency Air Filtration Systems for Nuclear Application," Oak Ridge National Laboratory, C.A.Burchsted and A.B. Fuller, January 1970.4. Regulatory Guide 1.3, "Assumptions Used for Evaluating the Potential Radiological Consequences of a Loss of Coolant Accident for Boiling Water Reactors," Office of Standards Development, U.S. Nuclear Regula-tory Commission (USNRC).5. Regulatory Guide 1.4, "Assumptions Used for Evaluating the Potential Radiological Consequences of a Loss of Coolant Accident for Pressurized Water Reactors," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.6. Regulatory Guide 1.25, "Assumptions Used for Evaluating the Potential Radiological Consequences of a Fuel Handling Accident in the Fuel Handling and Storage Facility for Boiling and Pressurized Water Reactors," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.7. Regulatory Guide 1.29, "Seismic Design Classifica- tion," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.8. Regulatory Guide 1.32, "Criteria for Safety-Re- lated Electric Power Systems for Nuclear Power Plants," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.9. IEEE Std 279-1971, "Criteria for Protection Systems for Nuclear Power Generating Stations," Insti-tute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

10. Regulatory Guide 1.89, "Qualification of Class IE Equipment for Nuclear Power Plants," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.11. Regulatory Guide 1.30, "Quality Assurance Requirements for the Installation, Inspection, and Test-ing of Instrumentation and Electric Equipment," Office of Standards Development, USNRC.12. IEEE Std 334-1974, "IEEE Standard for Type Tests of Continuous-Duty Class IE Motors for Nuclear Power Generating Stations," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

13. IEEE Std 338.1971, "Trial-Use Criteria for the Periodic Testing of Nuclear Power Generating Station Protection Systems." Institute of Electrical and Elec-tronics Engineers.

14. IEEE Std 344-1975, "IEEE Recommended Prac-tices for Seismic Qualification of Class lE Equipment for Nuclear Power Generating Stations," Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

15. Regulatory Guide 8.8, "Information Relevant to Maintaining Occupational Radiation Exposure As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable (Nuclear Power Reactors)." Office of Standards Development, USNRC.16. MSAR 71-45, "Entrained Moisture Separators for Fine Particle Water-Air-Steam Service, Their Perfor-mance, Development and Status." Mine Safty. Appli-ance Research Corporation, March 1971.17. Standard UL-900, "Air Filter Units," Under-writers' Laboratories (also designated ANSI B 124.1-1971).

c0.. Underwriters'

Laboratories Building Materials List.19. ASHRAE Standard 52-68, "Method of Testing Air Cleaning Devices Used in General Ventilation for Removing Particulate Matter, Section 9," American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers.

20. MIL-F-51068D, "Filter, Particulate.

Iligh-Effi- ciency, Fire-Resistant," Military Specification, 4 April 1974.21. MIlF.51079B, "Filter Medium, Fire-Resistant, High-Efficiency," Military Specification, 29 March 1974.22. Standard UL-586, "High Efficiency, Particulate, Air Filter Units," Underwriters'

Laboratories (also desig-nated ANSI B132.1-1971).

23. USERDA (formally USAEC).Health and Safety Bulletin, "Filter Unit Inspection and Testing Service." U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration.

24. MIL-STD-282, "Filter Units, Protective Clothing Gas-Mask Components and Related Products:

Perform-ance-Test Methods," Military Standard, 28 May 1956.25. AACC CS-8T, "Tentative Standard for Hligh-Effi.

ciency Gas-Phase Adsorber Cells," American Association for Contamination Control. July 1972.1.52-7

26. USAEC Report DP.1082, "Standardized Nonde-structive Test of Carbon Beds for Reactor Confinement Application," D.R. Muhlbaier, Savannah River LUbora-tory, July 1967.27. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, "Industrial Ventilation," 13th Edition, 1974.28. ASTM D2862-70, 'Test for Particle Size Distri.bution of Granulated Activated Carbon," American Society for Testing and Materials.

29. ASTM El 1-70, "Specifications for Wire Cloth Sieves for Testing Purposes," American Society for Testing and Materials.

30. RTD Standard M16-IT, "Gas-Phase Adsorbents for Trapping Radioactive Iodine and Iodine Com-pounds," USAEC Division of Reactor Development and Technology, October 1973.31. A.G. Evans, "Effect of Intense Gamma Radiation on Radioiodine Retention by Activated Carbon," CONF-720823, Proceedings of the Twelfth AEC Air Cleaning Conference, 28-31 August 1972.32. ASTM D2854-70, "Test for Apparent Density of Activated Carbon," American Society for Testing and Materials.

1.52-8 TABLE 1 TYPICAL ACCIDENT CONDITIONS

FOR ATMOSPHERE

CLEANUP SYSTEM Environmental Condition Atmosphere Cleanup System Pressure surge Maximum pressure Maximum temperature of influent Relative humidity of influent Primary Result of initial blowdown 60 psi 280" F 100% plus condensing moisture Secondary Generally less than primary" I atilt 180" F I 00A.Average radiation level For airborne radioactive materials

106 rads/hra 105 rad'For-iodine build'p on adsorber 109 radsa 109 rad: Average airborne iodine concentration For elemental iodine 100 mg/m 3 10 mg/r For methyl iodide and particulate iodine 10 mg/m 3 I mg/m aThisvalue isbased on the source term specified in RegulatoryGuide

1.3 (Ref. 4)o: 1.4 (Ref. S).asapplicable.

s/hr" s2 n 3 3 1.52.9

'2 TABLE 2 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

OF NEW ACTIVATED

CARBON BATCH TESTSa TO BE PERFORMED

ON FINISHED ADSORBENT ACCEPTABLE

TEST METHOD TEST ACCEPTABLE

RESUL iG 1. Particle size distribution

2. Hardness number

3. Ignition temperature

4. Activity c S. Radioiodine removal efficiency a. Methyl iodide, 25 0 C and 95% relative humidityd b. Methyl iodide, 80 0 C and 95% relative humidity c. Methyl iodide, in containmente d. Elemental iodine retention 6. Bulk density 7. Impregnant content ASTM D2862 (Ref. 28)RDT M 16-IT, Appendix C (Ref. 30)RDT M16-1T, Appendix C (Ref. 30)CCI 4 Activity, RDT M16-1T.Appendix C (Ref. 30)RDT M 16-1 T (Ref. 30), para. 4.5.3, except 95%relative humidity air is required RDT M 16-IT (Ref. 30), para. 4.5.3, except 80 0 C and 95% relative humidity air is required for test (pre-and post-loading sweep medium is 25 0 C)RDT M16-IT (Ref. 30), para. 4.5.4, except duration is 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> at 3.7 atm.pressure Savannah River Laboratory (Ref. 31)ASTM D2854 (Ref. 32)State procedure Retained on #6 ASTM El Ib Sieve: Retained on #8 ASTM El !b Sieve: Through #8, retained on #12 Sieve: Through #12, retained on #16 Sieve: Through #16 ASTM E IIb Sieve: Through #18 ASTM El 1 b Sieve: 95 minimum 0.0%5.0% max.40% to 60%40% to 60%5.0% max.1.0% max.330*C minimum at 100 fpm 60 minimum 99%99%98%99.9% loading 99% loading plus elution 0.38 glml minimum State type (not to exceed 5% by weight)'A "batch test" is a test made on a production batch of a product to establish suitability for a specific application.

A "batch of activated carbon" is a quantity of material of the same grade, type, and series that has been homogenized to exhibit, within reasonable tolerance, the same performance and physical characteristics and for which the manufacturer can demonstrate by acceptable tests and quality control practices such uniformity.

All material in the same batch should be activated, impregnated, and otherwise treated under the same process conditions and procedures in the same process equipment and should be produced under the same manufacturing release and instructions.

Material produced in the same charge of batch equipment constitutes a batch: material produced in different charges of the same batch equipment should be included in the same batch only if it can be homogenized as above. The maximum batch size should be 350 ft 3 of activated carbo

n. bSee Reference

29.OThis test should be performed on base material.dThis test should be performed for qualification purposes.

A "qualification test" is a test that establishes the suitability of a product for a general application, normally a one.time test reflecting historical typical performance of material.Chis test should be performed for qualification purposes on carbon to be installed in primary containment (recirculating)

atmosphere cleanup systems.1.52-10

TABLE 3 LABORATORY

TESTS FOR ACTIVATED

CARBON ACTIVATED

CARBON2 BED DEPTHb 2 Inches. Air filtration system designed to operate inside primary containment.

2 inches. Air filtration system designed to operate outside the primary containment and relative humidity is controlled to 70%.4 inches or greater. Air filtration system designed to opeiate outside the primary containment and relative humidity is controlled to 70%.ASSIGNED ACTIVATED

CARBON DECONTAMINATION

EFFICIENCIES

Elemental iodine 90%/Organic iodide 30"V1 Elemental iodine 95%Organic iodide 95%Elemental iodine 99%Organic iodide 99%LABORATORY

TESTS FOR A REPRESENTATIVE

SAMPLEc Per Test 5.c in Table 2 for a methyl iodide penetration of less than ! 0%.Per Test 5 b in Table 2 at a relative humidity of 707c for a methyl iodide penetration of less than 1%.Per Test 5.b in Table 2 at a relative humidity of 70% for a methyl iodide penetration of less than 0.175%.aThe activated carbon, when new, should meet the specifications of regulatory position C.3.i of this guide.bMuttiple beds, e.g., two 2-inch beds in series, should be treated as a single bed of aggregate depth.eSee regulatory position C.6.b. for definition of representative sample. Testing should be performed

(1) initially, (2) at least once per operating cycle thereafter for systems maintained in a standby status or after 720 hours0.00833 days <br />0.2 hours <br />0.00119 weeks <br />2.7396e-4 months <br /> of system operation, and (3) following painting, fire, or chemical release in any ventilation zone communicating with the system.1.52-11