ML25022A314
| ML25022A314 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Palisades  |
| Issue date: | 01/22/2025 |
| From: | NRC |
| To: | NRC/NMSS/DREFS |
| References | |
| Download: ML25022A314 (120) | |
Text
From:
Mary Richmond Sent:
Wednesday, January 22, 2025 4:13 PM To:
PalisadesRestart-EnvDocsPUBLICem Resource
Subject:
PNNL Climate Change Spreadsheet for Palisades Attachments:
Palisades Climate Change Spreadsheet.pdf Mary C Richmond Environmental Project Manager U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of Nuclear Materials Safety and Safeguards (NMSS)
Division of Rulemaking, Environmental, and Financial Support (REFS)
Environmental Project Management Branch 3 (EPMB3)
(301) 415-7218; T-4B18 mary.richmond@nrc.gov
Hearing Identifier:
PalisadesRestart_EnvDocs_Public Email Number:
23 Mail Envelope Properties (SJ0PR09MB106963E78BED0F7505D2B3023E4E12)
Subject:
PNNL Climate Change Spreadsheet for Palisades Sent Date:
1/22/2025 4:13:04 PM Received Date:
1/22/2025 4:13:12 PM From:
Mary Richmond Created By:
Mary.Richmond@nrc.gov Recipients:
"PalisadesRestart-EnvDocsPUBLICem Resource"
<PalisadesRestart-EnvDocsPUBLICem.Resource@nrc.gov>
Tracking Status: None Post Office:
SJ0PR09MB10696.namprd09.prod.outlook.com Files Size Date & Time MESSAGE 373 1/22/2025 4:13:12 PM Palisades Climate Change Spreadsheet.pdf 9688154 Options Priority:
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On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 X
X Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 X
X Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 X
X X
Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 X
X USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology
On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets X
Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security
On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 X
Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices X
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 X
Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17
On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health X
Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change X
Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts X
On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 X
Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles
On-site and off-site land disturbance activities On-site and off-site land use classification conversions resulting from land disturbance activities On-site and off-site impacts to provisions of any affected local or regional land use or economic development plans On-site and off-site disruption to land or water resource access On-site and off-site disruption to existing land uses or private land access Transmission line corridor maintenance activities during operations affecting land use Anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation Effects of anticipated hydrologic alterations to the quantity and availability of water within the region of interest Effects of plant effluent discharge on water quality of receiving water bodies Proposed actions to minimize hydrologic alteration effects Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water supply reliability due to station building or operation Impacts on other water uses and other water users related to changes in water quality due to station building or operation Compliance with applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations L-1 L-2 L-2 L-3 L-3 L-1 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-4 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question Land Use Hydrology Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change 20Includes ability to adapt rural transportation, infrastructure, health, and emergency response systems 21Includes alterations due to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and changes in nitrogen, phosphorous, and other elements available to ecosystems 14Includes spring bud burst, migration, hibernation, emergence from overwintering, plankton blooms, etc.
15Includes whole system management and ecosystem-based adaptation strategies 16Includes impacts from increased extreme weather events, wildfire, decreased air quality, threats to mental health, illnesses transmitted by food, water, disease-carriers such as mosquitos and ticks and other etiological agents 17Includes children, the elderly, the poor, and some communities of color 18Rural economic activities include agriculture, forestry, recreation, etc. Impacts include shifts in locations of such activities.
19Vulnerabilities include geographic and demographic obstacles, such as physical isolation, limited economic diversity, higher poverty rates, aging population, etc.
7Includes effects on human safety and health, property, infrastructure, economies, and ecology 8Includes impacts from sea level rise, storm surge, extreme weather events, higher temperatures, heat waves, precipitation changes, Arctic warming and other climatic conditions 9Includes temporary and permanent flooding of airports, ports and harbors, roads, rail lines, tunnels, and bridges 10Includes both transportation interruptions and infrastructure damage (e.g., pavement and track damage) due to extreme heat, strong hurricanes, coastal erosion, permafrost thaw, etc.
11Includes increasingly negative impacts on crops and livestock due to responses to elevated CO2, increased temperatures, changes in solar radiation, etc.
12Includes effects of fire, insect infestations, drought, disease outbreaks, etc.
1Entries are grouped by USGCRP sector and are derived from Key Messages in USGRCP (2014) Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment, Melillo, J.M. T.C. Richmond, and G.W. Yohe (eds.), US Global Change Research Program, 841 pp. doi:10.7930/J0Z31WJ2 13Includes shifts in ranges of species; increased incidence of insect pests, disease pathogens, and invasive weed species; effects of hotter and dryer deserts and drylands; impacts of ocean acidification on coastal and near-shore ecosystems; impacts of Arctic summer sea ice loss; impacts of warming on fish, plant, and animal species; etc.
2SMEs should consult the regional section of GCRP (2014) and other appropriate sources for information on the extent and direction of the anticipated changes in the region of interest.
3Includes heat waves, cold waves, and regional droughts 4Includes projection of summertime Arctic Ocean sea ice essentially disappearing before mid-century 5Includes saltwater intrusion and other impacts related to sea level rise, storms and storm surges, and changes in surface and groundwater use patterns 6Includes changes due to increasing air and water temperatures, more intense precipitation and runoff, increasing droughts, and increased sediment and pollutant loadings
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 X
X Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 X
X Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 X
Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 X
Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 X
Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 X
X X
Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 X
X X
X X
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14 X
X X
X X
X X
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 X
Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles
Effect of facility and landscape maintenance on terrestrial habitats Effect of drift from cooling towers, evaporation ponds, or other operating facilities on terrestrial species and habitats Effect of station water features (including cooling ponds and evaporation ponds) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats Effect of using groundwater and/or surface water on terrestrial habitats Effect of operational noise on terrestrial wildlife and their habitats Effect of traffic induced by station operations on wildlife Potential injury to birds and bats colliding with tall structures Possible effects on terrestrial wildlife from electromagnetic radiation, electric tranmission lines, and other electrical facilities Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota Susceptibility of terrestrial species to stressors from habitat and environmental changes Presence of disease vectors, nuisance, invasive and introduced animal or plant species onsite or in the vicinity of proposed facility TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-3 TW-1 TW-1 TW-4 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question TERRESTRIAL AND WETLAND ECOLOGY Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change X
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 X
Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 X
Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 X
X X
Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices X
Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 X
X X
X X
X X
X Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14 X
X X
X X
X X
X Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 X
X Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles
Effects of plant consumptive water use on aquatic biota Susceptibility of aquatic species at specific life-stages to plant cooling system entrainment, entrapment, and impingement Susceptibility of aquatic species to aquatic stressors from habitat and water quality changes, including physical stresses related to cooling system and fish-return systems Swimming speed of important aquatic species Estimated susceptibility and natural survival rates for aquatic species with commercial subsistence or recreational value Regional standing stocks of important aquatic species potentially affected by station building or operation NPDES permit requirements Effects on species and habitats affected by heated plume dynamics and scouring Ability of important aquatic species to exhibit avoidance behavior to thermal discharge and cold shock at all affected life stages Presence of disease-causing vectors and nuisance, invasive and introduced aquatic species onsite or in the vicinity of the proposed station Biological effects to important aquatic species resulting from chemical and/or physical alterations to receiving water body Adverse effects of transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance practices on aquatic biota Coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota AQ-1 AQ-1 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-5 AQ-2 AQ-2 AQ-3 AQ-4 AQ-1 AQ-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question AQUATIC ECOLOGY Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change X
X
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 X
Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 X
X USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages X
Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 X
Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices X
X X
Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies X
X Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand X
X X
Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix X
X X
Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 X
X Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 X
X X
Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users X
Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets X
X Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices X
X Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 X
Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17 X
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change X
Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure X
X X
Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems X
Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity X
Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts X
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods X
Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change X
X X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 X
X X
Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 X
X Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 X
X X
X X
X X
X Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles
Workforce impacts, including local vs. in-migrating geographic origin of workers and outage impacts Expected residency patterns during operations Combined impacts of site employment for sites with an operating station Impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure Impacts of plant activities on local buildings and facilities Impacts of plant activities to visual resources Impact of plant activities on local housing resources Impact of plant activities on public schools Traffic-related impacts of the site operations workforce and deliveries Impacts of plant activities to local recreation resources Impacts of plant activities on first-responder agencies Expected mitigation actions (traffic, schools, community services)
Employment, income and output impacts attributable to plant activities Tax revenue impacts attributable to plant activities Existence of communities exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources Disproportionate human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest Effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors S-1 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-3 S-1 S-1 S-2 S-1 S-1 S-4 S-5 S-5 EJ-1 EJ-2 EJ-3 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question SOCIOECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 X
Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 X
Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 X
Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 X
X X
X X
Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 X
Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 X
X Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 X
X X
USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 X
X X
Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages X
X X
Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 X
X X
X X
Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure X
X X
Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 X
Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 X
X X
Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users X
Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 X
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 X
X Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17 X
Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts X
Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health X
X Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods X
X X
X X
X X
Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity X
X X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels
METEOROLOGY Operations and maintenance activities affecting onsite historic properties Operations and maintenance activities affecting offsite historic properties Cooling system impacts, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, salt deposition, increases in humidity and precipitation (including snowfall), potential local weather modification from cloud formation/shadowing, and interactions of plume with other pollutant sources Sources and types of air emissions Estimates of annual air emissions for criteria air pollutants, both from the operating plant and from transmission lines Presence of etiological agents from operations systems and activities that may impact human health Noise impacts associated with operations Acute effects of electromagnetic fields (electric shock) associated with transmission lines Occupational health risks Potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage Environmental pathways by which humans can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Environmental pathways by which non-human biota can be exposed to radiation (including that from gaseous effluents, liquid effluents, and direct exposure) from an operating facility.
Estimates of the maximum individual radiation dose and total collective radiation doses to the population living in the area of interest Estimates of the annual occupation radiation dose to workers Radiological impacts to biota other than humans Radiological environmental monitoring program for the site H&CR-1 H&CR-1 M-1 AirQ-1 AirQ-1 NR-1 NR-2 NR-3 NR-4 NR-5 R-1 R-2 R-3 R-3 R-4 R-5 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES AIR QUALITY NONRADIOLOGICAL HEALTH RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change X
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 Climate Global climate is changing with global warming of past 50 years due primarily to human activities Climate Global climate changes are projected over this century and beyond with the magnitude of changes after the next few decades dependent primarily on global emissions of heat-trapping gases and the sensitivity of the Earths climate to these emissions Climate Increased temperatures2 X
X X
Climate Lengthened growing season2 Climate Seasonal/annual changes in precipitation amount2 X
X X
Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme precipitation events2 X
X X
Climate Changes in frequency & intensity of extreme weather events2,3 X
X X
Climate Currently experiencing Increased winter storm frequency and intensity with northward shifted storm tracks; other trends in severe storms (tornados, hail, damaging thunderstorms) are uncertain Climate Declining ice volume/surface extent on land, lakes, and sea2,4 Water Resources Increase in very heavy precipitation events & changes in length of dry spells2 X
X X
Water Resources Changes in drought intensity2 Water Resources Changes in flood intensity2 X
X Water Resources Changes in water demand, groundwater withdrawals & availability, aquifer recharge2 Water Resources Decreased surface water quality6 Water Resources Changes in water supply & demand2 X
X USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS Water Resources Reduced surface & groundwater supplies; increased likelihood of water shortages Water Resources Increased flooding risk7 X
X Water Resources New risks, vulnerabilities, & opportunities may not be properly managed within existing practices Water Resources Institutional, scientific, economic & political barriers to implementing adaptive strategies Energy Supply and Use Effect of extreme weather events on energy facilities & infrastructure Energy Supply and Use Increased summer electricity use & peak loads; decreased winter heating demand; net increase in electricity demand Energy Supply and Use Constraints on energy production due to changes in water availability Energy Supply and Use Changes in future energy mix Transportation Effects on the reliability & capacity of transportation systems8 X
X Transportation Increased disruption of transportation networks and operations due to extreme weather events10 X
Transportation Increased total costs to transportation systems & users Agriculture Increasing climate disruptions to agricultural production11 X
X Agriculture Changes in crop & livestock production due to climate-induced stresses (weeds, diseases, insect pests, etc.)2 Agriculture Loss and degradation of agricultural soil & water assets Agriculture Negative impacts on crop & livestock productivity due to increased incidence of weather extremes X
X Agriculture Need for increased innovation in agricultural production Agriculture Effects on U.S. & global food security
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS Forests Increased vulnerability to ecosystem changes & tree mortality12 Forests Reduced rate of forest CO2 uptake Forests Influence of bioenergy on forest product markets Forests Changing forest management policies &practices Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to improve water quality & regulate water flows Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Reduced ecosystem ability to buffer impacts from extreme events (fires, floods, storms, etc.)
Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changing mix of plant and animal life13 X
X Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Shifts in timing of critical biological events14 Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Changes in management goals and practices15 Human Health Threats to human health and well-being16 Human Health Amplification of existing health threats & impacts on vulnerable groups17
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS Human Health Public health actions, and action timing, to protect people from some climate change impacts Human Health Influence of climate change adaptation strategies on human health Energy, Water &
Land Use Effects on climate change vulnerability & regional adaptation & mitigation options from interaction of energy, water & land systems2 Energy, Water &
Land Use Dependence of energy systems on land & water supplies influencing development of these systems & options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions Energy, Water &
Land Use Use of joint resource management considerations in energy, water, & land use to identify & evaluate options for reducing climate change Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Climate change impacts on urban water, energy supply, transportation, &
other essential infrastructure Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Linked disruptions in urban infrastructure systems Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Influence of social inequalities on urban resident & community climate vulnerability & adaptive capacity Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Cooperative government & private sector activity in urban adaptation efforts
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Native Peoples access to traditional foods Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Ability of Native communities to adapt to decreases in water quality &
quantity Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of choices about land-use and land-cover patterns on ecosystems and human communities X
X Land Use and Land Cover Change Effects of changes in land-use and land-cover patterns on climate processes Land Use and Land Cover Change Influence of land-use decisions made to adapt to the effects of climate change X
Land Use and Land Cover Change Effect of land use & land management choices on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels Rural Communities Increased impacts of climate change on rural communities and rural economic activities18 Rural Communities Unique vulnerabilities of rural communities to climate change impacts19 Rural Communities Limited capacity of rural governments to respond to climate change impacts20 Biogeochemical Cycles Alterations in biogeochemical cycles21 Biogeochemical Cycles Effect of natural land sinks on carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other biogeochemical cycles
NONRADIOACTIVE WASTE IMPACTS TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS (6.1.8)
Environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive waste and mixed waste Estimates of dose consequences at the proposed exclusion area boundary (EAB) and the low-population zone (LPZ) from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)
Mean estimates of site-specific severe accident risks, considering relevant environmental pathways including the air, ground, food, surface water, and ground water. Risk considerations include individual, population, economic, and contaminated land area risks.
Estimated cost, risk reduction, and value-impact ratios for the selected severe accident mitigation alternatives (SAMAs).
Radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials NRW-1 ACC-1 ACC-2 ACC-3 T-1 USGCRP (2014)1 Climate Change Considerations:
Linked Question ACCIDENTS Biogeochemical Cycles Increased vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality due to altered biogeochemical cycles and climate change
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION LAND USE L-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to affect impacts related to on-site, off-site, and/or transmission line corridor land disturbance activities?
LAND USE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
LAND USE L-3 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts found to disrupt access to land or water resources or to affect existing land uses or private land access?
LAND USE Overall Influence of Climate Change on Land Use Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the land use building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
HYDROLOGY H-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation?
HYDROLOGY H-2 Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant effluent discharges impacting the water quality of receiving water bodies?
HYDROLOGY H-3 Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant impacts to other water uses and other water users?
HYDROLOGY H-4 As climate changes, will plant hydrological impacts affect the ability of the region to meet applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations?
HYDROLOGY Overall Influence of Climate Change on Hydrology Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the hydrology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-1 Will expected climatological changes affect plant impacts from facility and landscape maintenance, noise, and traffic on terrestrial habitats and wildlife?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of drift from plant facilities on terrestrial habitats, wetlands, and species?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant (including the operation of cooling and evaporation ponds, and the use of groundwater and/or surface water) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats?
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
2 1
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
5 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 1
0 2
2 0
0 0
0 0
0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
1 0
2 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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0 0
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0
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-4 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant and transmission lines on birds, bats, and other wildlife due to collisions, electrocution, or electromagnetic radiation effects?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-5 Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-6 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS TW-7 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced plant or animal species in the vicinity of the facility?
TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY &
WETLANDS Overall Influence of Climate Change on Terrestrial and Wetland Ecology Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the terrestrial and wetlands ecology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY AQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on aquatic biota and habitats? Consider in your answer overall impacts related to plant consumptive water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, stresses related to the cooling system, fish return systems, thermal backwashing and scouring, heated effluent plume, transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance.
AQUATIC ECOLOGY AQ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important aquatic species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
AQUATIC ECOLOGY AQ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced aquatic species in the vicinity of the plant?
AQUATIC ECOLOGY AQ-4 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on altering the chemical and/or physical characteristics of the receiving water body, and any subsequent biological effects to important aquatic species?
AQUATIC ECOLOGY AQ-5 Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota?
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 0
0 0
0 0
0 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
1 0
0 0
1 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 2
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 4
0 0
3 0
0 0
0 9
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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0 0
1 0
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0
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION AQUATIC ECOLOGY Overall Influence of Climate Change on Aquatic Ecology Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the aquatic ecology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
SOCIOECONOMIC S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
SOCIOECONOMIC S-2 Considering traffic related to the operational workforce, deliveries, and similar activities, are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure?
SOCIOECONOMIC S-3 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on visual resources?
SOCIOECONOMIC S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
SOCIOECONOMIC S-5 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on employment, income, output, and tax revenues?
SOCIOECONOMIC Overall Influence of Climate Change on Socioeconomic Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the socioeconomic building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
ENV JUSTICE EJ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect whether or not communities exist that are exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources in the region of interest?
ENV JUSTICE EJ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect any identified human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest?
ENV JUSTICE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 0
4 2
0 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
4 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 0
3 0
1 1
1 0
0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
1 0
1 5
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
2 0
2 3
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3 1
1 1
0
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION ENV JUSTICE Overall Influence of Climate Change on Environmental Justice Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the environmental justice building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
HISTORIC & CULTURAL HCR-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of operations and maintenance activities on identified onsite and offsite historic properties and/or cultural resources?
HISTORIC & CULTURAL Overall Influence of Climate Change on Historic and Cultural Resource Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the historic and cultural resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
METEOROLOGY M-1 Will expected climatological changes affect cooling system impacts from the operating plant on local weather, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, and salt deposition?
METEOROLOGY Overall Influence of Climate Change on Meteorology Resource Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the meteorology resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
AIR QUALITY AirQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines?
AIR QUALITY Overall Influence of Climate Change on Air Quality Resource Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the air quality resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 2
4 0
0 0
0 0
0 4
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
2 2
2 0
0 0
0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
0 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION NON-RAD HEALTH NRH-1 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from the presence of etiological agents?
NON-RAD HEALTH NRH-2 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from noise associated with plant operations?
NON-RAD HEALTH NRH-3 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from electromagnetic fields associated with plant operations?
NON-RAD HEALTH NRH-4 Will expected climatological changes affect any occupational health risks associated with plant operations?
NON-RAD HEALTH NRH-5 Will expected climatological changes affect potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage workers?
NON-RAD HEALTH Overall Influence of Climate Change on Nonradiological Health Resource Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the nonradiological health resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS R-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of humans to radiation from the operating facility?
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS R-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of non-human biota to radiation from the operating facility?
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS R-3 Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to humans, including plant workers, in the area of interest during the operation of the facility?
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS R-4 Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to non-human biota in the area of interest during the operation of the facility?
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS R-5 Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 0
0 0
0 0
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3 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
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0 0
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0 0
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3 0
0 0
3 0
0 0
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3 0
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0 0
0 0
3 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3 0
0 0
0 1
0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
0 1
0 0
1 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
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CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Overall Influence of Climate Change on Radiological Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the radiological operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4?
Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
NON-RAD WASTE NRW-1 Will expected climatological changes affect environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive and mixed wastes from the operating facility?
NON-RAD WASTE Overall Influence of Climate Change on Nonradioactive Waste Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the nonradiological health resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
ACCIDENTS ACC-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the site-specific, 50th percentile atmospheric dilution factor (i.e., /Q) used to evaluate dose consequences from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)?
ACCIDENTS ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
ACCIDENTS ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
ACCIDENTS Overall Influence of Climate Change on Accident Impacts Will expected climatological changes affect the accident impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS T-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials?
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health 0
0 0
0 0
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0 4
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 4
4 0
1 2
0 0
4 4
0 1
2 0
1 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
1 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
CATEGORY RESOURCE AREA
& LINKED QUESTION NUMBER QUESTION TRANSPORTATION OF RAD MATERIALS Overall Influence of Climate Change on the Transportation of Radioactive Materials Will expected climatological changes affect the impact level assigned to the transportation of radioactive materials in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
Climate Water Resources Energy Supply and Use Transportation Agriculture Forests Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Human Health
Energy, Water &
Land Use Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Land Use and Land Cover Change Rural Communities Biogeochemical Cycles
Land Use Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Agriculture FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Forests FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Human Health FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Energy, Water & Land Use FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use and Land Cover Change FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE Rural Communities FALSE FALSE L-2 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use Summary Summary Text FALSE Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to affect impacts related to on-site, off-site, and/or transmission line corridor land disturbance activities?
Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Expected climatological changes will not impact land use and visual resources for transmission line corridor land disturbance activities. Climatological changes may required updates or modifications to transmission lines, but are not expected to create such significant changes that they would impact overall land use or visual resources at Palisades.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment L-2 Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts on local/regional land use classifications or economic development plans?
Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Expected climatological changes will not impact land use and visual resources for land use classifications or economic development plans. Palisades is zoned as industrial use, and climatological changes would not necessitate any changes to that zoned use. Regional ecological development plans may change and adapt with future climatological change, but they would not fundamentally impact the land use or visual resources at Palisades specifically.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to influence, or lead to, any plant impacts found to disrupt access to land or water resources or to affect existing land uses or private land access? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Expected climatological changes will not impact land use and visual resources for access to land or water resources or to affect existing land uses or private land access. Even with potential Lake Michigan water level changes with future climatological change, Palisades land use, zoning, and access restrictions would remaing the same. Therefore, while slightly more land may require access restrictions (e.g., is Lake Michigan water level decreases), overall land use at Palisades would not change.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the land use building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Exepected climatological changes at Palisades would not fundamentally affect the land use or visual resources at the site. No anticipated climatological changes would necessitate major construction activities at Palisades that would alter the land use or visual resources present, especially since the site is zoned for industrial use.
Meteorology Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Climate M-1 Will expected climatological changes affect cooling system impacts from the operating plant on local weather, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, and salt deposition?
X Water Resources M-1 Will expected climatological changes affect cooling system impacts from the operating plant on local weather, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, and salt deposition?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Meteorology Summary Text M-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect cooling system impacts from the operating plant on local weather, including plume lengths, additional hours of fogging and icing, and salt deposition? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X The increase in temperature, humidity and lake surface water temperature might have a small effect on the plume from the cooling system. Higher temperature can increase the rate of evaporation from the cooling tower, and higher humidity can create more supersaturation conditions increasing the formation of visible droplets within the plume. This effect is likely to be small compared to baseline conditions.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the meteorology resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
X Atmopsheric dispersion can increase due to increased temperature and vertical mixing and thus may decrease X/Qs, however number of temperature inversions and stagnation events can also increase the X/Qs. Overall the impact should be small on the impact of power plant operations.
Air Quality Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Climate AirQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines?
X Water Resources AirQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines?
X Energy Supply and Use AirQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines?
X Transportation AirQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Air Quality Summary Text AQ-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the sources, types, and estimates of annual air emissions from the operating plant and transmission lines? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Increasing electricity demand may increase frequency of backup diesel power and emergency generators and thus sligtly increase emisisons, but still much below regulated thresholds.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the air quality resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
X Nominal increase in ozone formation from NOx emissions is aniticipated due to temperature increase. Overall, the emissions and impact on air quality should be very small due to climate change.
Hydrology Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources H-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation?
X H-2 Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant effluent discharges impacting the water quality of receiving water bodies?
X H-3 Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant impacts to other water uses and other water users?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Hydrology Summary Summary Text H-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the anticipated hydrologic alterations resulting from station building or operation?
Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Projected precipitation patterns by midcentury indicate that winter and spring runoff in southwest Michigan may increase while summer runoff may slightly decrease.
The projected changes in future runoff may result in noticeable changes to downstream water quality from plant building and operation-related activities that affect surface runoff and infiltration patterns. The impacts of these alterations are expected to be controlled and monitored under applicable regulations and following best management practices that assure adherence to State water quality standards.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment H-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant effluent discharges impacting the water quality of receiving water bodies? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Midcentury projections indicate surface temperatures in Lake Michigan are expected to increase, lake water levels would continue to show variability, and snow and ice cover may decline. Continued plant effluent discharges to Lake Michigan are not expected to result in noticeable impacts to water quality because of the large volume of the Lake compared to the volume of plant effluent discharges. The plant is expected to continue following all conditions in its current and future renewed NPDES permits that assure adherence to State and Federal water quality standards.
H-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes influence, or lead to, plant impacts to other water uses and other water users? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X In Palisades' vicinity, water usage is currently permitted and managed under appropriate and applicable regulations. This usage and any foreseeable future usage is also expected to be managed under applicable regulation that are protective of water resources and water users. Because Palisades' continued water use, accounting for midcentury projections, is expected to remain minor compared to water availability in Lake Michigan, the plant's impacts to other water uses and water users are expected to remain similar.
FALSE Overall - As climate changes, will plant hydrological impacts affect the ability of the region to meet applicable water quality and water use standards and regulations? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the hydrology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4?
Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Accounting for midcentury projections, climatological changes would not result in significant impacts from building activities and continued operations of Palisades.
Midcentury projections may result in noticeable changes in runoff patterns but the impacts from plant activities would continue to be permitted, managed, and monitored under applicable regulations that are protective of the State's water quality standards. Impacts of plant effluent discharges, accounting for midcentury projections, are expected to remain similar to prior plant operations and would be managed under current and future renewed NPDES permits. Impacts of Palisades' water use, accounting for midcentury projections, are not expected to significantly impact current and forseeable water usage and water users in the vicinity.
Terrestrial Ecology Question Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment TW-1 Will expected climatological changes affect plant impacts from facility and landscape maintenance, noise, and traffic on terrestrial habitats and wildlife?
x FALSE FALSE TW-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant (including the operation of cooling and evaporation ponds, and the use of groundwater and/or surface water) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TW-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant (including the operation of cooling and evaporation ponds, and the use of groundwater and/or surface water) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TW-6 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Forests FALSE FALSE TW-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of drift from plant facilities on terrestrial habitats, wetlands, and species?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TW-6 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
x TW-7 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced plant or animal species in the vicinity of the facility?
x Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services TW-1 Will expected climatological changes affect plant impacts from facility and landscape maintenance, noise, and traffic on terrestrial habitats and wildlife?
x TW-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of drift from plant facilities on terrestrial habitats, wetlands, and species?
x FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment TW-4 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant and transmission lines on birds, bats, and other wildlife due to collisions, electrocution, or electromagnetic radiation effects?
x TW-5 Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota?
x TW-6 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
x TW-7 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced plant or animal species in the vicinity of the facility?
x
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Biogeochemical Cycles FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TW-6 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
FALSE FALSE Terrestrial Summary Summary Text TW-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect plant impacts from facility and landscape maintenance, noise, and traffic on terrestrial habitats and wildlife? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatalogical changes unlikely to change current facility and landscape maintenance, noise, and traffic levels and patterns, so impacts to terrestrial resources should be similar to current operational levels.
TW-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of drift from plant facilities on terrestrial habitats, wetlands, and species? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X The increase in temperature, humidity and lake surface water temperature might have a small effect on the cooling system drift. Higher temperature can increase the rate of evaporation from cooling tower, and higher humidity can create more supersaturation conditions increasing the formation of visible droplets within the plume. Resulting drift not expected to differ in chemical composition, travel further, or change vegetatation depositional patterns.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment TW-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant (including the operation of cooling and evaporation ponds, and the use of groundwater and/or surface water) on adjoining wetlands and other terrestrial habitats? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x In Palisades' vicinity, water usage is currently permitted and managed under appropriate and applicable regulations. This usage and any foreseeable future usage is also expected to be managed under applicable regulation that are protective of water resources and water users. Because Palisades continued water use, accounting for midcentury projections, is expected to remain minor compared to water availability in Lake Michigan, the plant's impacts on terrestrial habitats and wetlands are expected to remain similar.
TW-4 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant and transmission lines on birds, bats, and other wildlife due to collisions, electrocution, or electromagnetic radiation effects? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Expected climatological changes not likely to change the overall impact of plant buildings, structures, and transmission lines on birds, bats, and other wildlife due to collisions, electrocution, or electromagnetic effects.
As analyzed in the 2024 LR GEIS, the NRC determined that these impacts to terrestrial resources were SMALL.
However, because changes in species composition are possible from climate change, the species affected by these hazards could change or remain the same.
TW-5 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to terrestrial biota? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Palisades staff regularly coordinate with EGLE and other agencies, because the entire site is protected under the CZMA and contains designated critical dune areas.
Although regional and local changes in species composition may change as a result of expected climatological changes, coordination regarding potential impacts for current terrestrial species of concern is unlikely to increase. The NRC staff expect existing coordination networks to facilitate information sharing and resource planning regarding changes in species presence or abundance. However, increased coordination could be needed for new species to address concerns at broader scales.
TW-6 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatalogical changes not expected to change the plant's impact on regional standing stocks of important terrestrial species, given the small area affected by plant operations.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment TW-7 Overall - Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced plant or animal species in the vicinity of the facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Expected climatological changes have the potential to influence the distribution and abundance of undesirable organisms, including disease causing vectors, nuisance species, introduced species, and invasive species.
However, given the small area of affected by plant operations, it is not expected that the project impacts would cause a change in the presence or abundance of these species.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the terrestrial and wetlands ecology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x As described above and in hydrology, land use, air, and metereology, climatalogical changes may have a small effect on the plume from the cooling system but is likely to be small compared to baseline conditions. Expected climatalogical changes have the potential to influence the distribution and abundance of terrestrial organisms but effects from plant operations anticipated to be limited in scope. Increased coordination between agencies could be required to address concerns related to specific species of concern at landscape or regional scales.
Aquatic Ecology Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know FALSE FALSE Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources AQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on aquatic biota and habitats? Consider in your answer overall impacts related to plant consumptive water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, stresses related to the cooling system, fish return systems, thermal backwashing and scouring, heated effluent plume, transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance.
X AQ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important aquatic species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
X AQ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced aquatic species in the vicinity of the plant?
X AQ-4 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on altering the chemical and/or physical characteristics of the receiving water body, and any subsequent biological effects to important aquatic species?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services AQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on aquatic biota and habitats? Consider in your answer overall impacts related to plant consumptive water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, stresses related to the cooling system, fish return systems, thermal backwashing and scouring, heated effluent plume, transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance.
x AQ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important aquatic species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
x AQ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced aquatic species in the vicinity of the plant?
x AQ-4 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on altering the chemical and/or physical characteristics of the receiving water body, and any subsequent biological effects to important aquatic species?
x AQ-5 Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Biogeochemical Cycles AQ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on aquatic biota and habitats? Consider in your answer overall impacts related to plant consumptive water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, stresses related to the cooling system, fish return systems, thermal backwashing and scouring, heated effluent plume, transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance.
x
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know AQ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important aquatic species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Aquatic Summary Summary Text AQ-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on aquatic biota and habitats? Consider in your answer overall impacts related to plant consumptive water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, stresses related to the cooling system, fish return systems, thermal backwashing and scouring, heated effluent plume, transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance. Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Based on the latest USGCRP reports (NCA5),
both precipitation and temperatures are expected to increase in the area where the plant is located over the next decade. Despite these increases, it is not expected to affect the plant's impact on water use, entrainment, entrapment, impingement, cooling system stresses, thermal backwashing and scouring, or transmission and pipeline corridor maintenance. This is due to the relatively small portion of Lake Michigan that is influenced by the plant (<0.0006%). Although extreme changes in lake water levels could potentially impact the heated effluent plume, past water level variability over the last 3 decades (low water levels from 1998-2013 and high water levels since 2015) has not yet had a significant impact.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know AQ-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the overall impact of the plant on regional standing stocks of important aquatic species, including plant impacts on species susceptibility to tolerate environmental changes and natural survival rates? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x A 0.1°F increase in Lake Michigan's temperature could cumulatively affect its aquatic ecosystem over the next decade, potentially causing shifts in biodiversity, altering food web dynamics, and increasing stress on more sensitive species. While plant discharges may also incrementally raise local water temperatures, these effects remain localized due to the relatively small amount of water used by the plant and the limited area impacted by its discharges. Consequently, climatological changes are not anticipated to affect the plant's impact on the lake-wide aquatic system.
AQ-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes influence the impacts of the plant relative to leading to the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced aquatic species in the vicinity of the plant? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes, particularly rising surface water temperatures, are likely to influence aquatic resources by creating more favorable conditions for invasives that better tolerate warming temperatures. However, given the small area of Lake Michigan affected by the plant, it is not expected that the impacts of the plant will cause a change in the presence of disease-causing vectors or nuisance, invasive, or introduced aquatic species near the plant.
AQ-4 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of the plant on altering the chemical and/or physical characteristics of the receiving water body, and any subsequent biological effects to important aquatic species? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes will likely have some influence, however, given the small percentage of Lake Michigan waters impacted by the plant it is not anticipated that the impacts of the plant will alter the chemical and or physical characteristics of the recieving water body beyond the immediate area.
AQ-5 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect coordination with other agencies regarding potential impacts to aquatic biota? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climate change is not expected to noticeably affect the ability of agencies to coordinate on the protection of aquatic species; the importance of close coordination would, however, be greater.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the aquatic ecology building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x While the baseline conditions of the affected environment will be shifted due to impacts from climate change (particularly increasing precipitation and temperature) given the relatively small volume of Lake Michigan affected by the plant impact levels on aquatic resources are not expected to change.
Historic and Cultural Resouces Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Climate HCR-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of operations and maintenance activities on identified onsite and offsite historic properties and/or cultural resources?
X Water Resources HCR-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of operations and maintenance activities on identified onsite and offsite historic properties and/or cultural resources?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment HCR-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of operations and maintenance activities on identified onsite and offsite historic properties and/or cultural resources?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Historic and Cultural Resouces Summary Summary Text HCR-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact of operations and maintenance activities on identified onsite and offsite historic properties and/or cultural resources? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X There are no eligible archaeological, shipwreck, or architectural resources identified within the direct and indirect area of potential effects. Therefore, there are no expected impacts on this eligible resource that might occur based on future climatological changes.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the historic and cultural resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous question, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
X While expected climatological changes might increase erosion throughout Palisades, and this erosion may lead to the discovery of additional historic and cultural resources, based on the lack of identified historic properties at Palisades there are no expected impacts from future climatological changes.
Socioeconomics Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know FALSE FALSE Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
X FALSE FALSE Energy Supply and Use S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE S-5 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on employment, income, output, and tax revenues?
X Transportation FALSE FALSE S-2 Considering traffic related to the operational workforce, deliveries, and similar activities, are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure?
x Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Human Health S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Energy, Water & Land Use FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
X FALSE FALSE Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use and Land Cover Change
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
X FALSE FALSE Rural Communities S-1 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies?
X S-2 Considering traffic related to the operational workforce, deliveries, and similar activities, are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure?
X FALSE FALSE S-4 Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions?
X S-5 Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on employment, income, output, and tax revenues?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Socioeconomics Summary Summary Text
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know S-1 Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Resumption of Palisades does not have significant impacts on the local facilities and residency patterns, including housing, public schools, recreational resources, and first-responder agencies. Expected climatological changes are not likely to alter these impacts.
The socioeconomic impacts will most likely stay the same.
S-2 Overall - Considering traffic related to the operational workforce, deliveries, and similar activities, are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on local transportation infrastructure? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X By the middle of the next century, southwestern Michigan is expected to face increased rainfall and flood risks, which may place pressure on regional transportation infrastructure. Transportation systems will need to enhance their resilience. However, resumption of Palisades does not have significant impacts on local transportation infrastructure. These impacts are not likely to be altered by the climatological changes.
FALSE Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on visual resources? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
S-4 Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to influence any anticipated mitigation actions? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X The proposed plant activities have no significant impacts on scioeconomics. No climate change mitigation actions are anticipated.
S-5 Overall - Are expected climatological changes likely to alter the impacts of plant activities on employment, income, output, and tax revenues? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Resumption of Palisades does not have significant impacts on employment, income, output and tax revenues. Expected climatological changes are not likely to alter these impacts. The socioeconomic impacts will most likely stay the same.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the socioeconomic building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 and 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Overall, expected climatological changes are not likely to affect the socioeconomic impacts assigned.
Environmental Justice Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Transportation FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X Agriculture EJ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect whether or not communities exist that are exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources in the region of interest?
X FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X Forests EJ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect whether or not communities exist that are exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources in the region of interest?
X FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Human Health FALSE FALSE EJ-2 Will expected climatological changes affect any identified human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Urban Systems, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources EJ-1 Will expected climatological changes affect whether or not communities exist that are exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources in the region of interest?
FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
Land Use and Land Cover Change FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X Rural Communities FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE EJ-3 Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Environmental Justice Summary Summary Text EJ-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect whether or not communities exist that are exceptionally dependent on subsistence resources in the region of interest? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X The EJ impact analysis did not find prominent subsistence behaviors in the EJ ROI.
EJ-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect any identified human health impacts of the plant to EJ populations of interest? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Climate related extreme events, such as flooding or high temperatures, can increase the risk of accidents if infrastructure is compromised. Further, the EJ ROI already faces burdens from other industrial activities, including the D.C. Cook Nuclear Plant. The combined effects of pollution, climate change, and the restart of Palisades operations could exacerbate the cumulative environmental burden on these communities and deepen existing health disparities but these are projected as non-significant.
EJ-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes influence any effect of plant activities on established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X The EJ impact analysis did not find established resource dependencies, cultural practices, or subsistence behaviors in the EJ ROI.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the environmental justice building or operational impact levels assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Potential changes to the building impact level could occur if there are long-term, persistent impacts from building activities. Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Potential climate impacts on EJ communities would exacerbate existing environmental burdens and socioeconomic challenges in the EJ ROI. However, the preparation activities for the restart of Palisades and the restart itself are expected to have minimal impact on these existing conditions and would not be long-term or persistent. Therefore, the climatological changes to the environmental baseline would not alter the not significant EJ conclusion. However, if Holtec requests a license renewal by 2031, the impacts on EJ communities due to climate change would be thoroughly reassessed, taking into account the impacts evaluated in this environmental assessment.
Rad Impacts Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources FALSE FALSE R-2 Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of non-human biota to radiation from the operating facility?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on exposure from radiation to non-human biota at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from non-human biota exposure discussed in the EA.
FALSE FALSE R-4 Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to non-human biota in the area of interest during the operation of the facility?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiation dose of non-human biota at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from radiation dose to non-human biota discussed in the EA.
R-5 Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiological environmental monitoring at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from environmental monitoring discussed in the EA.
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE R-5 Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources R-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of humans to radiation from the operating facility?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on exposure from radiation to humans at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts to humans discussed in the EA.
FALSE FALSE R-3 Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to humans, including plant workers, in the area of interest during the operation of the facility?
x R-4 Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to non-human biota in the area of interest during the operation of the facility?
x
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment R-5 Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiological environmental monitoring at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from environmental monitoring discussed in the EA.
Land Use and Land Cover Change FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE R-5 Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiological environmental monitoring at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from environmental monitoring discussed in the EA.
FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Rad Impacts Summary Summary Text
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment R-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of humans to radiation from the operating facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on exposure from radiation to humans at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts to humans discussed in the EA. Existing radiological regulations will continue to keep workers and public safe from radiation exposures.
R-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the possibility of exposure of non-human biota to radiation from the operating facility?
Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on exposure from radiation to non-human biota at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from non-human biota exposure discussed in the EA.
R-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to humans, including plant workers, in the area of interest during the operation of the facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiation dose to humans at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts to humans discussed in the EA. Existing radiological regulations will continue to keep workers and public safe from radiation exposures.
R-4 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect estimated radiation doses to non-human biota in the area of interest during the operation of the facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiation dose of non-human biota at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the radiation health impacts from radiation dose to non-human biota discussed in the EA.
R-5 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the level of radiological environmental monitoring for the site?
Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Environmental monitoring of radiation would not change as a result of climate change. Existing radiological regulations will continue to guide radiological environmental monitoring.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the radiological operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on radiation health impacts. Existing radiological regulations will continue to guide radiological monitoring and thresholds.
NonRad Health Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Water Resources FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NRH-4 Will expected climatological changes affect any occupational health risks associated with plant operations?
X FALSE FALSE Energy Supply and Use FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NRH-3 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from electromagnetic fields associated with plant operations?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Transportation FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment NRH-5 Will expected climatological changes affect potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage workers?
NA FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Human Health NRH-1 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from the presence of etiological agents?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NRH-4 Will expected climatological changes affect any occupational health risks associated with plant operations?
X FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources NRH-1 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from the presence of etiological agents?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use and Land Cover Change FALSE FALSE NRH-2 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from noise associated with plant operations?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Biogeochemical Cycles NRH-1 Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from the presence of etiological agents?
X FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NonRad Health Summary Summary Text NRH-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from the presence of etiological agents? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Projected changes to climate for upcoming mid-century have the potential to influence the presence of etiological agents. However, it is reasonable to expect that existing regulations protecting workers would continue, or would be modified as necessary, to be as protective as they are under current climate conditions.
NRH-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from noise associated with plant operations? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on operational noise at Palisades, therefore, there would be no change in the health impacts from noise discussed in the EA.
NRH-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect any health impacts from electromagnetic fields associated with plant operations? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Impacts from EMFs due to climatological changes are uncertain. As discussed in the 2024 LR GEIS, there are no U.S.
Federal standards regarding EMFs and impacts are uncertain.
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment NRH-4 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect any occupational health risks associated with plant operations? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
X Projected changes to climate for upcoming mid-century have the potential to influence occupational health risks for Palisades operation.
However, it is reasonable to expect that existing regulations protecting workers would continue, or would be modified as necessary, to be as protective as they are under current climate conditions.
NRH-5 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect potential health impacts related to nonradiological traffic-related accidents for operations and outage workers? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the nonradiological health resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
X Overall, it is expected that the predicted climatological changes would not change the nonradiological health resource impact of not significant. Potential impacts from noise, etiological agents, and occupational injuries would continue to be regulated to be protective of human health. Although there is some uncertainty around EMFs, it is expected that regulations regarding occupational and public safety would be adjusted to address nonradiological human health, as appropriate, in response to climatological changes.
NA
Nonradioactive Waste Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use and Land Cover Change NRW-1 Will expected climatological changes affect environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive and mixed wastes from the operating facility?
X FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Nonradioactive Waste Impacts Summary Summary Text NRW-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect environmental impacts resulting from the generation and disposal of nonradioactive and mixed wastes from the operating facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Climatological changes are not likely to have an effect on nonradioactive and mixed waste generation at Palisades. Changes to land-use decisions may result in changes to disposal options during operation; however, waste will continue to be managed in accordance with State and Federal regulations. It is expected that existing laws and regulations regarding waste management would continue and may be adjusted as needed to address changing conditions.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the nonradiological health resource operational impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
x Because nonradioactive and mixed wastes would still be subject to applicable Federal, State, and local requirements, climatological changes are unlikely to shift the impact determination discussed in the EA of not significant.
Transportation of Rad Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Transportation T-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Transportation of Rad Summary Summary Text T-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the radiological dose to the population in the region of interest due to transportation of radioactive materials? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x The impacts from transportation of radiological waste and spent fuel is not significant. There will be no change in the impacts due to changes in weather events. The impacts have been assessed generically, most recently in NUREG-2266 that expands the safe shipping requirements to 80 GWD/MTU for activation of material with up to 8 % enrichment. These impacts are no different than those currently assessed generically.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the impact level assigned to the transportation of radioactive materials in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
x There will be no changes in the impacts from transportation of radiological waste and spent fuel.
Accidents Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment Climate ACC-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the site-specific, 50th percentile atmospheric dilution factor (i.e., /Q) used to evaluate dose consequences from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)?
x Climatological changes are expected to affect the site-specific, 50th percentile atmospheric dilution factor (i.e., X/Q) used to evaluate dose consequences from postulated design basis accidents. The X/Q around the site is dependent on local meteorological conditions (wind speed, direction, and stability class). The expected variations for these parameters as a result of climate change may increase, likely leading to less stability, which would likely increase dispersion and decrease the corresponding radiological effects. However, the predominant wind direction could change such that higher X/Qs could shift along the site boundary, low-population zone, and beyond to areas with higher population densities, which would increase the impact. Therefore, the overall impact is unknown. A higher dispersion factor is more beneficial in a severe accident.
Palisades used a conservative.05 percentile atmospheric dispersion factor in it's accident dose design basis accident calculation that would likely bound any negative effects regarding dispersion. Thus, the environmental impact is expected to remain not significant.
Choose One Per Question
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x Climatological changes might affect the average environmental risks of severe accidents because of changes in either severe accident probabilities due to an increase in the rate of severe natural phenomena and/or associated consequences due to altered patterns of atmospheric dispersion. While the potential severity of storms and other natural phenomena might increase, nuclear power plants must be designed to withstand all credible natural events at the site of concern.
ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x Although an increase in risk could change the cost benefit values in a SAMA analysis. NRC regulations only require the SAMA analysis to be performed once. The 2024 LR GEIS Rule states, in part, that severe accident mitigation alternatives do not warrant further plant specific analysis because the demonstrated reductions in population dose risk and continued severe accident regulatory improvements substantially reduce the likelihood of finding cost-effective significant plant improvements. Palisades demonstrated the reduction in population dose risk in Table E.3-1 of the 2024 LR GEIS.
Water Resources
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment ACC-1 Will expected climatological changes affect the site-specific, 50th percentile atmospheric dilution factor (i.e., /Q) used to evaluate dose consequences from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)?
x ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Transportation FALSE FALSE ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x Agriculture FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services FALSE FALSE ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Land Use and Land Cover Change FALSE FALSE ACC-2 Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences?
x ACC-3 Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility?
x FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE Accidents Summary Summary Text
Question Likely Increase Likely Decrease Stay the Same Dont Know Comment ACC-1 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the site-specific, 50th percentile atmospheric dilution factor (i.e.,
/Q) used to evaluate dose consequences from postulated design basis accidents (DBAs)? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x Expected climate change affects are not expected to change the overall median /Q.
The median is used for these calculations to limit the affect of extreme weather conditions.
ACC-2 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect average environmental risks of severe accidents due to either changes in severe accident probabilities or associated consequences? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x The impacts from severve accidents are SMALL.
This is due to design methodologies that reduce potential emissions during a hypothetical accident conditions. These features are engineered into the design of the plant and will not be impacted by changes in climate.
ACC-3 Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the severe accident mitigation alternative (SAMA) cost-benefit of the proposed facility? Justify your answer in 4 sentences or less.
x The potential impacts from SAMAs will not change the cost-benefit results. This is due to design methodologies considered for preventing hypothetical accident conditions and their consequences. These features are engineered into the design of the plant and will not be impacted by changes in climate.
Conclusion Overall - Will expected climatological changes affect the accident impact level assigned in Chapters 3 or 4? Considering responses to previous questions, justify your answer in 4 sentences or less:
x There will be no change to the impact.