ML24260A114

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12 - Doe/Nrc Criticality Safety for Commercial-Scale HALEU Fuel Cycle and Transportation (Dncsh)
ML24260A114
Person / Time
Issue date: 07/31/2024
From: Don Algama, Andrew Barto
Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, US Dept of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy
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ML24260A098 List:
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Download: ML24260A114 (1)
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DOE/NRC Criticality Safety for Commercial-Scale HALEU Fuel Cycle and Transportation (DNCSH) 07/31/24 Energy Act of 2020; Sec. 2001 Advanced Nuclear Fuel Availability (42 U.S.C. 16281; PL-116)

Section (A) and (C)(ii)

Don Algama (DOE Fed. Manager) / Andrew Barto (NRC Fed. Manager)

DOE Org.

2

NE-4 Org.

3

NE-41 Org.

4

Project Authority: Energy Act of 2020 & IRA Specific Direction - 1/2 5

(A) shall develop, in consultation with the Commission, criticality benchmark data to assist the Commission in i.

the licensing and regulation of special nuclear material fuel fabrication and enrichment facilities under part 70 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations; and ii.

certification of transportation packages under part 71 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations;

!NOT COVERED!

(B) Shall conduct research and development, and provide financial assistance to assist commercial entities, to design and license transportation packages for HA-LEU, including canisters for metal, gas, and other HA-LEU compositions; (C) Shall, to the extent practicable i.

by January 1, 2024, support commercial entity submission of such transportation package designs to the Commission for certification by the Commission under part 71 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations; and ii.

encourage the Commission to have such transportation package designs so certified by the Commission within 24 months after receipt of an application; In practice:

Enable the use of HALEU material -Part 70/71 crit. safety space-in reactor driven fuel cycles, e.g.: LWR, HTGR, SFR, HPR, SFR, MSR, etc. with data, methods and supporting evaluations.

Be forward oriented.

In practice:

Enable licensees to develop quality applications that are supportive of their performance needs, and Support the NRC staff SERs with relevant data and updated methods.

Project Authority: LWR Fuel Cycle Mapping - 2/2 6

Illustration of a LWR fuel cycle based on (ML21088A047) annotated with NRC regulations of interest for this effort

DNCSH Goals 7

  • DNCSH project activities will enable the following regulatory and commercial objectives:
  • Enable higher throughput fuel cycle processes.
  • Enable higher capacity transportation package designs.
  • Reduce licensing uncertainty by enabling quality industry submission through publicly available data, and
  • Fewer requests for additional information related to code validation and criticality.

Project Approach 8

  • Customer:

NRC

  • Estimated budget: Up to $60M (Act provides Section 2 $100M from

$700M total)

  • Partners:

DOE offices (NE, NNSA/NCSP, OS/NP, etc.).

DOE labs and universities.

Funded experiment opportunities.

  • Anticipate 3 Calls with the following approach:

1.

Develop working HALEU fuel cycle analysis and application models (HTGR, SFR, MSR, HPR, etc.). Available in public facing repository.

2.

Conduct public workshops.

3.

Develop and issue experiment opportunities.

4.

Review and award.

5.

Data collection, interpretation, processing and public reports.

NE-4 Public/

Industry NRC (customer)

DOE Labs

9 DNCSH Project Areas FY24 Activities

  • Workshop and Call #1
  • Area 1 Make Call #1 Awards.

Develop funding package details.

  • Area 2 Develop basis for Call #2 Perform public workshop.
  • Area 3 Continue developing public models.

5 Model Development 4 Facility Enhancement 6 Benchmark Execution 7 Nuclear Data 8 Computational Methods 9 Validation Methodology 1 Planning 2 Quality Assurance 3 Surveys and Summaries Consensus documents providing general standard and benefits Experiment-focus Science-focus Customers (per Law)

E.g.: Laboratory Partners E.g.: DOE Partners DOE OS/NP DOE NNSA/NCSP DOE NE/ARDP DOE NE-6/8

Project Challenges 10

  • Limited Critical Facilities:
  • US Crit. Facilities LANL NCERC SNL SPRF/CX
  • International Critical Facilities CNL ZED-2 JAEA New STACY NERI IPEN/MB01
  • Access to HALEU material, novel moderators, fabrication, and related transport.
  • Facility scheduling.
  • Limited technical competencies in the criticality area.

Call 1:

11

  • Public workshop held on 02/29/24.

ML24106A195 / ML24107A030).

  • Call 1 received 30 proposals totaling $28M across 5 topic areas.
  • 12 proposals to turn existing experiments into benchmarks.
  • 12 proposals for new experiments with existing fuel.
  • 6 proposals for new experiments needing fuel.
  • Awards pending.

7%

39%

22%

7%

25%

Total Proposals vs. Topic Area I.C.1 UF6 transportation with moderator exclusion I.C.2 10-20% enrichment gap I.C.3 Non-fissile material validation I.C.4 Fissile salts I.C.5 Graphite and advanced moderator nuclear data

Calls 2 and 3:

12

  • Call 2:
  • Focus areas will be Fuel Cycle Facilities and Micro-Reactors
  • Public workshop planned for 12/24 with a Call #2 in early 25.
  • Call 3:
  • Focus area expected to be on back end.
  • Public workshop and Call is TBD.

Other Project Activities - Highlights 13

  • Nuclear Data
  • Understand impact of keff and ck approach when not having TSL data or associated uncertainty, e.g.: advanced moderators.
  • Expand ENDF/B data to include uncertainty for H20 TSL.
  • Develop new approach to evaluated ENDF/B-VIII graphite data.
  • Validation
  • Effort to understand if a new similarity index can be developed to complement the ck approach. Include non-xsec sources of uncertainties and may provide insights to data gaps.
  • Develop robust SCALE to MCNP conversion. Understand impact of different physics.
  • Public model repository:
  • VERSA-PAC
  • Pebble Tanker

Success Metrics

  • Tier 1 (useful):
  • Publicly available experiments.
  • Publicly available application models (including enabling reports).
  • Publicly available methods and approaches.
  • Tier 2 (less useful):
  • Number of applications using new data/methods.
  • Number of times NRC can use new data/methods in review.

14

Concluding Remarks 15

  • The Energy Act of 2020 authorizes the DOE and NRC to collaborate to develop criticality safety data.
  • Inflation Reduction Act in 2022 provided $700M, of which up to $60M is the cost estimate for this project.
  • HALEU fuel cycle is the scope, except reactor operation step.
  • NRC is primary customer.
  • Key success metric will be in the availability of public data and models.
  • The DNSH project executes this congressional direction.
  • Project website: Criticality Benchmarking l Department of Energy

Additional Slides 16

DNCSH Structure - Technical Team Leads 17 Responsibilities Project Role Name Engagement Area 1 Management and Engagement William Wieselquist Engagement Area 2 Quality Assurance Travis Greene Engagement Area 3 Survey and Summaries Walid Metwally Engagement Area 4 Facility Enhancements Catherine Percher Engagement Area 5 Reference Application Model Development Nathanael Hudson Engagement Area 6 Critical Benchmark Execution Catherine Percher Engagement Area 7 Nuclear Data Enhancement Iyad Al-Qasir Engagement Area 8 Simulation Methods Improvements Rob Lefebvre Engagement Area 9 Validation Basis Improvement Ugur Mertyurek

Current Reactor Landscape - DOE 18

1. Xenergy Xe-100 (TRISO)
2. TerraPower Natrium (SFR)
1. Adv. Reactor Concepts Inherently Safe Adv SMR (SMR)
2. GA Fast Modular Rx Conceptual Design (SiC-SiC, Zr3Si2 Moderated, TRISO)
3. MIT Horizontal Compact HTGR (TRISO)
1. Kairos Hermes (FHR)
2. Westinghouse eVinci (HPR)
3. BWXT Adv. Nuclear Rx (TRISO;Microreactor)
4. Holtec SMR-160
5. TerraPower Molten Chloride Reactor Experiment (MSR)

Advanced Reactor Pathway Pathway 1 - Advanced Reactor Demonstrations

(<2028s)

Pathway 2 - Risk Reduction for Future Demonstrations Pathway 3 - Advanced Reactor Concepts (mid-2030s)

Available Cooperation Mechanism: DOE NRC

  • Addendum No. 5 to the Memorandum of Understanding Between United States Department of Energy and Nuclear Regulatory Commission on Nuclear Energy Innovation (ML22132A082; Original ML19263C976)
  • Goal of the MoU
  • Nuclear Energy Innovation Capabilities Act of 2017 (NEICA) MOU addresses the technical coordination of DOE and the NRC regarding research activities related to the safety of advanced fuel technologies, including light-water-reactor fuels designed for enhanced accident tolerance and non-light water reactor fuels, as well as activities related to the fuel cycle, including front-end, in-reactor performance, and back-end (spent fuel) management applications.
  • Coverage
  • Broad coverage.

19

Available Cooperation Mechanism: DOE/NRC EPRI

  • Addendum to Memorandum of Understanding Between U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. on Nuclear Safety Research of Non-Light Water Reactor Technologies (ML18341A320)
  • Goal of the MoU
  • to conserve resources and avoid needless duplication of effort, Parties agreed it is in the best interest of both Parties to cooperate and share data and technical information, and in some cases, the costs related to research
  • Coverage
  • Principal areas of interaction includes Reactor Kinetics and Criticality 20

21 Maintaining Commission Independence

  • Interact with public and stakeholders through public workshops.
  • Produce generic evaluations that are publicly available.
  • Etc.
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