ML20238A755
| ML20238A755 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Peach Bottom  |
| Issue date: | 12/31/1973 |
| From: | INTEREX CORP. |
| To: | |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8708310196 | |
| Download: ML20238A755 (123) | |
Text
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PEACH BOTTott ATOMIC POWER STATION ENVIRONS RADIATION MONITORING PROGRAM j
i January 1,
1973 through December 31, 1973 1
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REPORT NO.'
28 andn29 l
i for The Philadelphia Electric Company April 1977 INTEREX CORPORATION 3 Strathmore Road Natick, M ass. 01760 8708310196 731231 PDR ADOCK 05000277 R
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.4 PHILADELPHIA ELECTRIC COMPANY.
2301 M ARKET STREET -
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PHILADELPHIA PA.19101 tb catsi a4i 4ooo 08g O %,
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June 10, 1977 to y 4
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N Mr. John G. Davis Director Office of Inspection and Enforcement United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission l
Wa shi ng ton, D.C.
20555
Dear Mr. Davis:
{
Pursuant to the requirement set forth in Section 6.4 of Appendix B to the Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station Units 2 and 3 Operating License, Envi ronmental Technical Specifications and Bases, we are sending you, under separate cover, 25. copies of. the~ final report enti.tled " Peach Bottom Atomic Rower Station Envi rons Radiation, Moni toring Program, January 1, 1973 through December 31, 1973, Report No. 28 and 29," by the Interex_ Corporation.
This report supersedes i
the preliminary 1973 annual report by Interex Corporation. Although some of the actual values in the tables of results may hcve changed somewhat due to refinements in data processing techniques, the overall conclusions derived from these data are the same.
In addition, this report includes the fi rst Peach Bottom Units 2 and 3 operational period, i.e. August 9 - December 31, 1973 Very truly yours,
. hh l
W. B. Willsey Superintendent Services Division WBW:1pm Separate Cover Mr. William G. Mcdonald, w/ attachment cc:
i Di rector Office of Management Information and Program Control.
United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washi ngton, D.C.
20555 L___________
__________________m
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PE ACil BOTTori ATOMIC POWER STATION ENVIRONS RADIATION HONITORING PROGRAM j
January 1,
1973 through December 31, 1973
{
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i REPORT NO. 28 and 29 I
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for The Philadelphia Electric Company j
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1 April 1977 1
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l INTEREX CORPORATION 3 Strathmore Road l
Na tick. M ass. 01760 l
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I.
INTRODUCTION 1
II.
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 6
A.
Environmental Monitoring Stations 6
and tie dia Collected B.
Sampling and Analysis Program 6
III.
PROCEDURES 8
IV.
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 24 A.
Air Particulate 25 B.
Precipitation 27 C.
Surface Water and Discharge Water 30 D.
Well Water 32 E.
Soil 34 F.
Silt 36 G.
Fish 37 H.
Shellfish 39 I.
Vegetation 41 J.
til lk 42 K.
Rabbits 44 L.
External Camma Radiation 44 V.
S UMt! ARY 46 REFERENCES 47 9
EEEEO.EE I
This report supersedes the preliminary 1973 Annual Report printed in June 1974.
Although some of the actual values in the tables and results may have changed somewhat due to refinements in data processing techniques, the overall conclusions derived from these data are the same.
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LIST OF TABLES 11.1 Environmental Monitoring Stations January through December 1973 11.2 Environmental Radiation Monitoring Program Period January through December 1973 II.3 Summary of Analysis performed on Samples Collected January 1,
1973 through December 31, 1973 III.1 Typical Analytical Sensitivities IV. l.1 Analytical Data for Air-Particulate Samples Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity (pCi/m3)
Croup I - Peach Bottom Site 1.2 Analytical Data for Air-Particulate Samples Concentration of Cross Beta Radioactivity (pC1/m3)
Group II - Intermediate Distance Locations
- 1. 3 Analytical Data for Air-Particulate Samples Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity (pC1/m3)
Group III - Distant Locations 1.4 Monthly Mean Values of Weekly Air-Particulate Samgles Concentrations of Gross Beta Radioactivity (pC1/m )
1.5 Analytical Data for Air-Particulate Samples Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity (pC1/m3)
Comparative EPA Data - Harrisburg, Pa.
- 1. 6 Analytical Data for Monthly Composite Ai r-P a r t icula t e gamples Gamma Spectrum Analysis - Nuclide Concentration (pC1/m )
2.1 Analytical Data for Precipitation Samples Concentration (pC1/1) 2.2 Analytical Data for P r g)c ipi t a t ion Samples Surface Density (pC1/m 2.3 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Precipitation (pCi/1);
1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Surface Density in Precipitation (pCi/m )
2.4 Analytical Data for Precipitation Samples l
Comparative EPA Data - Harrisburg, Pa.
3.1 Analytical Data for Surface Wa ter Grab Samples Concentrations in (pC1/ liter)
I
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- 3. 2 Analytical Data for Discharge Water Crab Samples Concentrations in ( p C1/ li t e r) 3.3 Analytical Data for Surface Water Composite Samples Concentrations in (pci/ liter; 1
3.4 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Surface Water 1
3.5 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Discharge Water 3.6 Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Surface Water and Discharge Water Samples by Date 3.7 Analytical Data f or Surf ace and Discharge Water Gamma Spectrum Analysis j
3.8 Analytical Data for Surface Water Composites l
Camma Spectrum Analysis l
I 4.1 Analytical Data for Well Water Samples Concentration (pCi/1) 4.2 1973 Annual !!ean Radioactivity Concentration in Well Water Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Well Water by Quarter 4.3 Analytical Data for Well Water Samples Camma Spectrum Analysis 5.1 Analy tical Da ta for Soil Samples Concentration (pC1/g dry) 5.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Soil (pC1/g dry)
Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Soil by Date (pC1/g dry) 6.1 Analytical Data for Silt Samples Concentration (pC1/g dry) 6.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Silt 6.3 Analytical Data for Silt Camma Spectrum Analysis 7.1 Analytical Data for Fish Samples Concentration (pCi/g ash) 7.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity in Fish Samples (pC1/ gram ash) 7.3 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Shad and White Sucker (pCi/ gram ash) 7.4 Analytical Data for Fish Camma Spectrum Analysis i
LIST OF TABLES 8.1 Analytical Data for Shellfish - Shell Sampics Concentration (pC1/g ash) 8.2 Analytical Data for Shellfish - Soft Tissue Samples Concentration (pC1/g ash) 8.3 1973 Annual Muan Radioactivity Concentrations in Shellfish Concentration (pC1/g ash) 8.4 1973 Analytical Data for Shellfish Samples Soft Tissue Camma Spectrum Analysis Concentration (pC1/ gram original sample) 9.1 Analytical Data for Vegetation Samples Concentration (pC1/g ash) l 9.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentrations in Vegetation Concentration (pC1/g ash) 10.1 Analytical Data for Milk Samples Concentration (pC1/1) 10.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentration in Milk i
Samples (pC1/1) 11.1 Analytical Data for Rabbit Samples Station 1 l
Collected from Peach Bottom Site Concentration (pC1/g ash)
]
I 11.2 1973 Annual Mean Radioactivity Concentrations in Rabbit Samples Concentration (pC1/g ash)
I 12.1 Camma Radiation Monitoring Readings (mR / h r) l l
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I klSI qE ELqqRES j
i II.1 Environmental Sampling Stations On or Near Peach Bottom Site II.2 Environmental Sampling Stations at Intermediate Distances from Peach Bottom Site II.3 Environmental Sampling Stations at Remote Distances f rom Peach Bottom Site l
I V. l.1 Gross Beta Radioactivity in Air Particulate Samples Stations IA, IB and 2 and Harrisburg, Pa.
for Group I 1.2 Gross Beta Radioactivity in Air Particulate Samples for i
Stations 3A, 4A, 4B, 5,
6B, 14, 15, 17,31,32 Group II 1
- 1. 3 Gross Beta Radioactivity in Air Particulate Samples 1
Stations 12A and 12D and Trenton, N.J.
I f or Group III 1
2.1 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Precipitation Samples 2.2 Monthly Mean Surface Density of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Precipitation Samples 1
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3.1 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Alpha. Radioactivity in Surface Water Samples Conowingo Dam Station 4F and Holtwood Dam Station 6A - Soluble Fraction 3.2 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Alpha Radioactivity in Surface Water Samples Conowingo Dam Station 4F and Holtwood Dam Station 6A - Insoluble Fraction 3.3 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Surface Wa te r Samples - Conowingo Dam Station 4F and Holtwood Dam Station 6A Soluble Fraction 3.4 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Surface Water Samples - Conowingo Dam Station 4F and lloltwood Dam St.ation 6A Insoluble Fraction 3.5 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Surface and Discharge Wa ter Samples - Soluble Fraction
- 3. 6 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Surface and Discharge Wa ter Samples - Insoluble Fraction 3.7 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity in Surface and Discharge Wa ter Samples-Soluble Fraction
LIST OF FIGURES 3.6 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity l
f in Surface and Discharge Water Samples Insoluble Fraction j
4.1 Monthly Mean Concentration of Gross Beta Radioactivity l
Total Sample in Well Water Samples l
7.1 Quarterly Mean Concentration of Net Beta Radioactivity I
in Fish Samples 7.2 Quarterly Mean Concentration of Net Beta Radioactivity f
in Fish Samples i
7.3 Quarterly Mean Concentration of Net Beta. Radioactivity l
in Fish Samples l
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1 I.
INTRODUCTION i
A pre-operational environmental radioactivity
- survey, initiated in Ma rch
- 1960, was conducted by Nuclear Science Engineering Corporation for the Philadelphia Electric Company in connection with Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station located in Peach Bottom Township, York County, Pennsylvania.
The initial loading of fuel into Unit 1,
a 40 MWe (net) high temperature, gas-cooled reactor, was started on February 5, 1966, and initial criticality was achieved on March 3,
1966.
For the purposes of this monitoring program, the beginning of the operational period for Unit 1 is February 5,
1966.
A summary of the Unit 1
pre-operational monitoring program is presented in a previous report.
(1)
Peach Bottom Units 2 and 3 are boiling water reactors each with a power output of 1050 MWe (ne t).
First fuel was loaded into Peach Bottom Unit 2 on August 9, 1973; criticality was achieved on September 16, 1973.
A pre-operational summary report (2) for Units 2 and 3 has been issued previously and summarizes the results of all analyses performed on samples collected from February 5,
1966 through August 8,
1973.
Detailed program description, station designations, reporting
- units, abbreviations, etc.,
are given in that report reflecting the program status at that time.
Where changes had been made from the original
- program, they are indicated in the appropriate sections of that report.
In general, any such changes have been made to increase the scope and specificity of the program to fulfill the program objective.
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INTRODUCTION Page 2
In 1967, site preparation for Units 2 and 3 a t the Peach Bottom site was undertaken; this has resulted in certain physical changes which required moving some of the original sampling stations.
- Also, beginning in 1971, several sampling stations of significance to Units 2 and 3 were added to the program.
In
- 1973, some additions and changes were made in the analytical requirements to reflect the latest recommendations of various government agencies.
These changes are detailed in a previous report (2).
This report summarized the results of analyses performed by Interex on samples collected during the period January 1 through December 31, 1973 in the Interex portion of the overall Peach Bottom program.
The responsibility for performance of the environmental radiation monitoring program has been modified several times since the Peach Bottom Unit 1 pre-operational program was first undertaken in 1960.
From the start of the program until the first quarter of 1969, a single laboratory located in Pittsburgh, Pa.,
was used.
This was initially called Nuclear Science and Engineering Corporation and later became Nuclear Science Division, International Chemical and Nuclear Corporation as the result of a change of ownership.
During the first quarter of 1969, the program was transferred to ICN/Tracerlab, also part of International Chemical and Nuclear Corporation and was performed by ICN in the Wa l t h am, Mass., laboratory until the end of the first quarter of 1972.
At this time the program was transferred to Interex Corporation laboratories in Waltham.
The Interex Corporation laboratory, which is presently carrying out sample
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INTRODQCTIOQ Page 3
collection, analysis and report preparation, was moved to
- Natick, Mass.
in May 1974.
During the various change-overs and moves, extreme care was taken to insure that continuity in all aspects of the overall program was maintained.
For example, samples were collected by the same individual throughou; the entire period.
l The objective of this program is to acquire quantitative data for i
the concentrations of radioactivity in environmental media in the vicinity of the reactor site prior to and during operation of the reactor plant.
These data are then examined to determine the extent of the impact of the plant or plants on the environment as reflected by any changes in the radioactivity levels from those observed during the pre-operational survey.
Generally, this is done by comparing the observed levels at those sampling stations which would be expected from various considerations to show maximum effects of plant operation to levels at stations remote from the site.
When possible, comparison is also made to data obtained by various government agencies.
Since there are both natural and man-made radioactivity present in the environment which are not related to plant operation, it is important to understand and adequately measure these contributions.
A number of radioactive elements occur in nature.
The most important of these are uranium and
The concentration of natural radioactivities vary with geographical location and with time and are primarily dependent on the concentration of the respective elements in the constituents of the lithosphere.
Therefore, environmental radioactivity measurements must.
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INTRODUCTION Page 4
be performed at a number of locations representative of the general geographical area of interest.
Other radionuclides have been introduced into the biosphere as a
result of the detonation of nuclear devices in the atmosphere.
A significant fraction of these nuclides is generally disseminated throughout the upper atmosphere with the fine particulate debris from the detonation.
Va ryi ng fractions of the nuclear debris eventually are deposited at ground
- level, principally in conjunction with precipitation.
After their arrival at ground level, the radionuclides enter soil or bodies of
- water, and varying fractions may enter drinking water supplies or be assimilated by edible plants or animals and thus enter the human food chain.
Natural radioactivities are also introduced into the human diet by analogous ecological processes.
I The deposition patterns of nuclear debris depend on many factors, including latitude, proximity to detonation sites, annual accumulation of precipitation, and the frequency, magnitude, location, and altitude of the detonations.
In the absence of detonations, seasonal variations have been noted for several
- years, including maximum 1
deposition rates in the spring and summer months and minimum rates in the late fall or early winter.
Distinct variations have also been noted in individual precipitations.
These latter variations have been attributed to variations of meteorological conditions prevailing during the respective precipitation events.
Since significant geographical and temporal variations are expected in the concentrations of both natural and artificial radioactivities in environmental media, it is necessary to acquire J
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INTRODUCTION Page 5
experimental values for their concentrations over a period of several years to achieve statistically-significant data.
Such an approach also provides data for seasonal or annual trends in the temporal behavior of these concentrations and permits correlations of these trends with meteorological or climatological factors or with known inj e c tions of artificial radionuclides into the atmosphere.
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II. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION The program as it existed at the end of the report period is described below.
Since its inception, several changes have been made which expanded the program to better accomplish the program goals.
A.
Environmental Monitoring Stations and Media Collected The environmental monitoring stations are described in Table 11.1 and are shown in Figures I I.1 through II.3.
In general, stations have not been moved significantly since the start of the program.
Beginning in
- 1971, several new stations were added based on the changes in water flow patterns, etc.,
to be caused by construction of Units 2
and 3.
Also sampling stations were given more specific numbers and descriptions to define more precisely each location.
B.
Samgling and Analysis Program The types of analyses performed, the frequency of sampling and
- analysis, the locations sampled, and the number of samples per station scheduled for each location as of the end of 1973, are given in Table II.2.
There were several program changes made in 1973.
Late in the year, the analysis for Sr-89 in addition to Sr-90 was started.
Gamma spectrum analysis of monthly composite air particulate was also started with the August samples.
Air particulate Stations 31 and 32 were added on July 22.
Discharge water collection at Station 1M was started on August 5.
Farm K was added to the milk sampling phase of the program on June 13, 1973, and Farms I and J were added on March 14.
Subsequently, Farm I went out of the dairy business and the last sample was collected on 6/13/73.
Silt sampling at Stat 1on 4T was undertaken on December 13.
A fish sampling station, designated
- 30B,
II. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION Page 7
was added and first sampled on November 27.
Beginning in 1972, Philadelphia Electric Company modified the numbering system for sampling locations to more clearly define the areas of collection.
In this process, several large areas previously designated by a single station number were broken up into an A, B,
C, t
etc.
station.
Therefore, the locations now listed in Table II.1 as, for exanf le, Station 4N is the same location called Station 4 in previous reports.
In this respect those fish sampling locations near the Peach Bottom site are now designated IW, IX, 1T, etc.
These were previously called Station 4, which formerly was used to designate the entire Conowingo Pond.
A summary of the analyses performed on samples representing the period January 1,
1973 through December 31, 19 7 3 is given in Table II.3.
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III., PROCEDURES Detailed sample collection procedures, handling and reporting procedures, sample preparation and analytical procedures and equipment are given in a previous report (2).
The sensitivities and accuracies generally obtained are given in Table 111.1.
In 1973, two significant changes were made in the analytical procedures.
The strontium procedure was modified to permit measurement of Sr-89 and Sr-90 separately.
Previously only Sr-90 was determined.
In addition, the analytical and sample handling procedure for determining I-131 in milk was changed to permit measurement to 0.5 pCi/1 at time of sampling.
The previous limit was approximately 2 pCi/1.
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IABLE 1131 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING STATIONS January through December 1973
)
Station Station Location, Direction and Environmental EEa Statigg game Q{ stance {rgg Egach Bg[tgg Site gedia Collection 1
Peach Bottom Located in Site Area Vegetation, Small Came Site Area l
1A Peach Bottom -
On Site at Weather Station 1, Ambient Radiation, Weather Station 1 0.1 Miles ESE of Unit 1 Air Particulate, l
Precipitation
]
1B Peach Bottom -
On Site at Weather Station 2, Ambient Radiation, Weather Station 2 0.6 miles NNW of Unit 1 Air Particulate.
l Precipitation 1H Peach Bottom -
On Site at Canal Discharge Discharge Water Canal Discharge 0.9 miles SE of Unit 1 IP Peach Bottom -
On Site at Unit 1 In take, Surface Water Unit 1 Intake 1350' ENE of Unit 1 IQ Peach Bottom Unit 2 On Site at Unit 2 Intake, Surface Water Intake 1500 ' NNE of Unit 1 1R Peach Bottom Unit 1 Unit 1 Screen Well from Discharge Water Discharge which discharge pipe exits, about 350 ' ENE of Unit 1 IT Peach Bottom Dis-On Site in the Station Dis-Discharge Water (1) charge Canal -
charge Canal. 0.4 miles SE 2200' of Unit 1,
2200 ' f rom. Unit 1 Intake 10 Peach Bottom Site -
Well at Plant Site, 450 ' SW Well Water 1
Utility Building of Unit 1 IV Peach Bottom Site -
Well at Plant Site, 450' SE Well Water Information Center of Unit 1 IW Peach Bottom Unit 1 About 800 ' ENE of Unit 1 Silt and Fish (2)
Discharge Pond A-1 (Channel Catfish and White Crapple)
IX Peach Bottom Site -
About 1100' ENE of Unit 1 Silt and Fish (2)
Cooling Tower Pond (Channel Catfish B-1 and White Crappie) lY Peach Bottom Dis-Located in the Discharge Fish (Channel charge Canal-Canal about 950' ESE of Catfish and Net Trap 9 Unit 1 White C r appie) (1) 1AA Peach Bottom -
Located about 1400 ' SE o f Soil Discharge Canal Bank Unit 1 on the Discharge Canal Bank l
I L----------- ---- ------------- -- -----.
Page 10 Station Station Location, Direction and Environmental EE1 Statigg Eamg pig [aggg figg Pgagh gg[tgg ((te ggfla {gliegtigg IBB Peach Bottom -
On Site in the Station Silt (1)
Discharge Canal Discharge Canal, 2250 ' SE of Unit i 2
Peach Bottom Site -
On Site, 0.7 mites SE of Air Particulate 130 Sector util Unit 1 3A Delta, Pa. -
3.6 miles SW of Unit 1 Air Particulate, Substation 0.5 miles N of Maryland Vegetation, Soil border 4A Conowingo Dam -
8.4 miles SE of Unit 1 Ai r Pa rticulate Powerhouse Roof on Powerhouse roof in Cecil County, Md.
4B Conowingo Dam -
8.4 miles SE of Unit 1 Air Particulate Powerhouse Roof on Powerhouse roof in Cecil County, Md.
4C Conowingo Pond, 1,000 ' downs t ream from Silt Pa.
the Peach Bottom Station Discharge 4D Conowingo Pond, 500' downstream from the Silt Pa.
Peach Bottom Station Discharge 4F Conowingo Dam -
In the Conowingo Hydro-Elee-Surface Water El. 33 ' MSL Grab tric Station about 8.4 miles SE of Unit 1.
Water is sampled from a header which continuously draws pond water from about elevation 3 3 ' MSL.
4H Conowingo Dam -
Tailrace on west side of Fish (American Shad)
Tatirace river 8.5 miles SE of Unit 1 4I Conowingo Pond -
Located in conowingo Pond Fish (Channel Catfish Net Trap 8 about 14 5 0 ' E of Unit I and White Crappie) 4J Conowingo Pond -
Located in Conowingo Pond Fish (Channel Catfish Net Trap 15 about 6400' SE of Unit I and White Crappie) 4L Conowingo Dam -
Continuous sampler in the Surface Water El. 33 (Ft.)
Conowingo Hydro-Electric Composite Station, about 8.4 miles SE of Unit 1.
Water is continuously sampled from a header which draws pond water from about elevation 33' MSL.
4M Conowingo Dam -
West bank downstream of Precipitation Downstream Conowingo Hydro-Electric El. 40 (Ft.) MSL Station 8.5 miles SE of Unit 1 4N Conowingo Dam -
Environmental Monitoring Sta-Vegetation, Soil Environmental tion on west shore upstream Station of Conowingo Hydro-Electric Station about 8.4 miles SE of Unit I
Page 11 s
Station Station Locatf.on, Direction and Environmental Ngt Statigg Nagg Distaggi {ggm Peagh' Bgg [gm SLLi Media Egilgg[1gg 4T Conowingo Pond -
Near middle of Conowingo Pond.
Silt Near Conowingo Dam about 8 miles SE of Unit 1 5
Wakefield, Pa.
4.5 miles E of Unit 1 Air Particulate, Soil and Vegetation 6A Holtwood Dam -
5.9 miles NW of Unit 1 Surface Water Hydro-Electric (through Hydro Station Plant) 5.9 miles NW of Unit 1 Air Particulate 6B Holtwood Dam Hydro-Electric (Hydro Powerhouse Station Roof) l 6C Holtwood Pond, Pa.
6.2 Miles NW of Unit 1
Fish (Channel Catfish near SW shcre of pond just and White Crappie)
)
above Holewood dam in York County 6D Holtwood, Pa.
6.0 miles NW of Unit 1 Vegetation near Holtwood Dam in Lancaster County 6F Holtwood Dam -
5.9 miles NW of Unit' 1 Silt '(above dam)
East Shore Upstream in Lancaster County 60 Holtwood, Pa.
6.0 miles NW of Unit 1 Soil near Holtwood Dam in Lancaster County i
7 Darlington, 9.4 miles SSE of Unit l'
Well Water Maryland Area in Hartford County 8
- Colora, 9.9 miles ESE of Unit 1 Well Water Maryland in Cecil County 9
Tolchester, 38 miles south of Unit 1 Shellfish Ma ryland on the east side of the (Oy s t e r s)
Chesapeake Bay 10 Hacketts Point, 56 miles S of Unit 1 on Shellfish Ma ryland the west side of the (Oysters) l Chesapeake Bay l
11 Swan Point Ba r, 44 miles S of Unit 1 on Shellfish tia ry l a n d the east side of the (Oy s te r s)
Chesapeake Bay 12A Philadelphia, Pa.
63 miles ENE of Unit 1 on Air Particulate 900 Sansom St.
the roof of 900 Sansom Street 12D Philadelphia, Pa.
62 miles ENE of Unit 1 on Air Particulate l
i 2301 Market St.
the roof of 2301 Market' Street 13A Chester Water On the east shore of Conowingo Surface' Water Intake Rond Pond at Ches ter Wa ter Authority Intake, 2.8 miles SE of Unit i 13B Chester Water Intake At Chester Water Authority Surface Water Pump Discharge Intake 2.8 miles SE of Unit 1 a
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Page 12 Station Station Location, Direction and Environmental Ngt
-Etaligg Nggg Ristaggg [ggs [gagh Egitgg ELig Ugdia Cgilgggigg 14 Peters Creek 2.3 miles W of Unit 1 Air Particulate 15 Silver Spring Road 3.8 miles N of Unit 1 Air Particulate 17 Riverview Road 4.4 miles ESE of Unit 1 Air Particulate 25A Pequea Creek in Pequea Creek, 10.8 miles Fish (White Sucker)
NNW of Unit I near PP&L ii recreational area 1
25B Pequen Creek In Pequea Creek, 12.4 miles Fish (White Su cke r)
N of Unit i near Creek and School Roads l
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25C Pequea Creek In Pequen Creek, 12.2 miles Fish (White Sucke r) l N of Unit I near Byerland l
Church Road 25D Pequea Creek In Peques Creek, 13.3 miles Fish (White S u ck e r)
N of Unit I near Radclif f Rd.
28 Peach Bottom Site Well in Site Area about Well Water 1.2 miles SW of Unit 1 30A Peters Creek In Peters Creek, 2.7 miles Fish (White b u ck e r)
ENE of Unit 1 30B Peters Creek In Peters Creek about 2.2 miles Fish (White Su c k e r)
ENE of Unit 1 31 Pilottown Road 4.8 miles SE of Unit 1 Air Particulate near Pilottown Koad l
32 Slate Hill Road 2.8 miles NE of Unit 1 Air Particulate near Slate Hill Road Peach Bottom Nearby Regional Farms sur-Milk l
Regional Farms rounding the Peach Bottom j
site on the west side of
)
Conowingo Pond are designated l
F.
C, H,
I, and J.
l Intermediate distance farms on the east side of the pond l
are designated D and K.
Distant regional farms on the west side of Conowingo Pond are designated A, B,
and C.
(3) 1.
These stations were exposed to Unit i discharge water after 12/6/72.
Prior to this date only surface water was present.
2.
These stations were exposed to Unit I discharge water until 12/6/72.
3.
The precise farms involved in the program have changed in some cases due to circumstances beyond control of the program. The replacement farms are in the same general locations distributed so as to encircle the site close to and further away from the Peach Bottom site.
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Page 24 IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS The results obtained from the program are presented in the data tables and figures following this section and are discussed below according to sample type.
All results are given with an error corresponding to two standard deviations in the net count rate.
Results which are not greater than the error are rep ted as less than
(<) the value corresponding to the error.
In calculating cverages, the average of a series of numbers which contains at least one number not a "less than" number is given as a real number.
If all of the numbers in a series to be averaged are "less than"
- numbers, the average value is given as a "less than" value.
I In some cases new locations have been added to the program during 1973.
Data from these stations have been included in averages, figures and tables as they became available.
Where no value is given f or a result and there is no footnote, the analysis was not performed.
In the discussion of
- data, general trends in the data are stressed as are comparisons of results from stations which would most likely be affected by Unit 1 and Unit 2 operation with data from those which are more remote from the site.
Because of the presence of generally lower levels of radioactivity in the environment compared to earlier periods of major atmospheric nuclear testing, precise trends tend to become obscured in the normal variability of data.
IVe DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 25 A.
Air Partic_ulates The values of the concentrations of gross beta radioactivity observed in air particulate samples and results of gamma spectrum analysis are listed in Tables 1.1 through 1.6 and are presented graphically in Figures 1.1 through
- 1. 3.
For comparative purposes, stations have been divided into three groups.
Group I,
which is on site and closest to the plant, consists of Stations 1A, 1B, and 2.
Group II rings the site at further i
distances and consists of stations 3A, 4A, 4B, 5,
6B, 14, 15, 17, 31, and 32.
Group
- III, which is in Philadelphia, PA, serves as a
reference group, and consists of Stations 12A and 12D.
Measurable concentration of gross beta radioactivity was measured in all but four of the air-particulate samples.
The measurable values 3
ranged from a minimum of 0.006 pC1/m at Station 14 in early Ja nua ry 3
to a
maximum value of 0.13 pC1/m in the sample collected at Station 15 on the week ending July 15.
The minimum concentrations observed in samples collected in 1973 is the same as the minimum concentration of 3
i 0.006 pCi/m observed in samples collected in 1972.
The maximum concentration observed in 1973 is lower than the 1972 maximum of 0.81 3
l pC1/m.
As can be seen from Figures 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 there was no significant difference between the values obtained for the three groups of stations.
In contrast to previous years, the levels found l
were essentially constant over the year and did not show the rise in spring and summer and the decline in late summer and fall.
This is most probably due to the absence of atmospheric nuclear testing and t
TV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 26 the prevailing upper wind direction during the summer months.
Similar behavior was noted in similar sampling networks in the northeast and northern midwest.
For comparison, data from the Environmental Health and Protection Agency (EPA) are presented in Table 1.5 and shown on Figures 1.1 and 1.3.
Precise comparison with EPA data is difficult before July 1973.
In mid-1967, the EPA procedure was changed in a manner which caused it j
to be very dependent on the concentration of naturally occurring thorium.
From July 1968 to Jaly 1973, EPA data was reported to the nearest integer which masks any of the fine-structure seen in this program.
Within the limits of comparison it is evident that the data from the Peach Bottom surveillance program are generally consistent with the EPA data.
Results of gamma spectrum analysis of all weekly samples taken together as a
monthly air particulate composite sample from each station are given in Table IV.1.6.
In this
- report, the net gamma peak of 0.51 MeV has been attributed to the presence of Ru-Rh-106, which has been a major constituent of fallout from weapons testing.
There
- are, however, other factors which can influence a peak at 0.51 MeV.
Because of cosmic ray interaction in the shielding, annihilation radiation is produced and is therefore in the background spectrum.
Variability of the cosmic ray intensity between the time of sample counting and background counting would cause corresponding variability in the 0 9 MeV peak.
An additional complication is introduced by the presence of Be-7 in air particulate samples.
This naturcily occurring nuclide,
IV. DISCQSSION OF RESULTS Page 27 which is produced in the stratosphere by cosmic rays, has a gamma ray of 0.477 MeV which is not resolved from 0.51 MeV in a NaI detector.
The concentration of Be-7 is controlled by factors affecting particle movement in air such as diffusion, precipitation, etc.
It is therefore probable that the activity attributed to Ru-Rh-106 in this report is due in part to background variability and Be-7 and that the actual error in the reported values for Ru-Rh-106 is significantly l
greater than the counting error alone.
Only Zr-Nb-95 and Ru-Rh-106 in the context discussed above have been found as has been the case in previous samples in this program and other comparable programs.
Concentrations were a few hundredths and a
few tenths of a pCi/m respectively and were similar between I
groups of stations.
All of these nuclides are attributed to previous nuclear device testing since they are seen with wide geographical distribution.
No contributions from the operation of PBAPS is indicated.
B.
Prec1gitation The concentrations and surface densities of gross
- beta, Sr-89, Sr-90, and Cs-137 radioactivity in precipitation samples collected at Stations 1A, 1B and 4M are presented in Tables 2.1 through 2.3 and plotted in Figures 2.1 and 2. 2.
Comparative EPA data from gross beta radioactivity are given in Table 2.4.
In genera.1, the amount of radioactivity present in precipitation samples tends to follow the amount present in the troposphere as reflected by the data obtained for air particulate samples.
Most of the radioactivity in precipitation samples is in the form of
- _ __ _o
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 28 particulate which are washed out of the air by rainfall and collected in sample containers.
Since most of the particulate material is washed out in the initial part of a
- rainfall, the surface
- density, i.e.,
pC1/m is used in addition to concentration (pCi/1) because it tends to minimize the effect of sample volume.
Lack of complete correlation with air particulate values comes about because rainfall generally does not occur at frequent intervals.
The dependence of the activity levels on the precise conditions occurring at the start of each rainfall can cause wide variability between samples even taken l
over limited geographical areas.
The values for gross beta radioactivity monthly surface densities observed in samples collected during 1973 at Stations 1A and IB vary 2
from <90 pC1/m in November at Station 1A to 2000 pC1/m in the May sample from Station 1A.
The concentrations range from <2 pC1/1 in September to <40 pCi/1 at Station 1A in November when there was little preci,nitation.
The maximum measurable concentration observed in 1973 of 23 pCi/1 compares to the maximum value of 68 pCi/1 observed in
)
August 1972.
The values of the monthly surface densities observed in the l
l precipitation samples collected at Station 4M during 1973 range from l
2
<90 in November to 1200 pCi/m in February and May.
The concentration values range from
<1 in September to 39 pCi/1 in February.
The maximum value observed in samples collected in 1973 is lower than the maximum value of 100 pC1/1 observed in July 1972.
Annual mean eurface density and concentration values for gross beta radioactivity from Stations 1A, IB, and 4M were 540, 590, and 410 l
I
i IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 29 l
3 2
pC1/m and 10, 6.9, and 8.5 pC1/1, respectively.
These values are similar to the corresponding 1972 values.
Sr-89 radioactivity was found in very low concentrations ranging from 2
to 10 pC1/1 at seve al stations during the second half of the i
year.
While these numbers are statistically significant, the results are based on very low count rates.
The amount of activity was too low to permit decay measurement.
1 l'
Sr-90 radioactivity concentrations of a few tenths of a
pCi/1 i
were found at Stations 1A, 1B, and 4M in most of the samples.
A high 4
value of 10+6 pC1/1 was found at Station 1A in November when only a
total of 70 ml of precipitation was collected.
Corresponding surface densities ranged from a low of <8 pCi/m at Station IB in January to a 2
high of 100 pC1/m at Station 1A in July and Station IB in April.
The maj ori ty of values were below 50 pC1/1.
Annual mean surface density and concentration values for Stations 1A, 1B, and 4M were 34, 30 and 24 pCi/m and 1.8 (0.4 eliminating the value of 10 + 6), 0.46 and 0.36 pCi/1 respectively.
Cs-137 r a d i o a c t iv.i t y annual mean concentrations and surface densities at Stations 1A, 1B and 4M we re 1.7, 0.87 and 0.61 pC1/1 and 24, 54 and 33 pC1/m respectively.
These are similar to the values seen in 1972.
The observed radioactivity concentrations at Stations 1A, 1B and 4M are comparable for 1973 and do not indicate any contribution from the operation of Units 1.and 2.
IV. DIS _CUSSION OF RESULTS Page 30 The EPA values given in Table 2.4 are consistent with those seen in this program.
The EPA data rely on field measurements which are made using detectors much less sensitive than those used in this program.
For the EPA measurements this has the effect of over-emphasizing small detector responses and not detecting low levels of radioactivity.
C.
Surface Water and Discharge Water The concentrations of gross
- alpha, gross beta and gross gamma radioactivity and the results of gamma spectrum analysis in the soluble and insoluble fractions of surface water and discharge water are given in Tables 3.1 through 3.8.
Comparative. monthly values are presented in Figures 3.1 through 3.7.
Figures 3.1 through
- 3. 4 p resent a comparison of Station 6A, whici.
is at the inlet to Conowingo Pond and Station 4F which is at the Pond outlet.
Any radioactivity introduced into Conowingo Pond would be l
1 reflected as a
difference in radioactivity measured at the two l
stations.
l The concentrations of gross alpha radioactivity in the soluble fraction are shown in Figure 3.1.
The majority of the values are less l
than values below 0.9 pC1/1.
Measurable values of 2
and 1.4 pC1/1 were found for Stations 4F and 6A respectively in April, 0.9 and 0.7 l
l pC1/1 in June and f or Station 4F 1.8 pC1/1 in November.
The April and June values are the same for both locations with the associated errors.
The 1.8 pCi/1 value is similar to positive values seen in earlier time periods.
l l
l
.1 I
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 31 The gross alpha concentrations in the insoluble fractions as plotted in Figure 3.2 are similar between both locations.
All but one valre are below 0.7 pC1/1.
A value of 1.8 pC1/1 was found in February at Station 6A.
Cross beta radioactivity concentrations in samples from Stations 6A and 4F are shown in Figures 3.3 and 3.4.
Concentrations in the soluble fraction range from
<2 to 9
pCi/1, with no consistent difference between locations.
The insoluble fractions range from <0.4 to 4.9 pC1/1, again with no discernable trend or difference between locations.
Although the Conowingo insoluble mean is higher than Holtwood, the value is less than that for previous years.
This similarity of values would indicate that there is no measurable radioactivity in Conowingo Pond as a result of the operation of Peach l
l Bottom Units 1 and 2.
Figures 3.5 and 3.6 compare the gross beta radioactivity-concentrations for the soluble and insoluble fractions respectively of the water samples from Unit 1 Intake (Station IP) and Unit 1 Discharge (Station 1R).
The values are generally the same within the limits of the error.
The highest value obtained of 11 pC1/1 was found in the April intake sample soluble fraction.
As can be seen from the annual averages which are essentially 3 pC1/1 for the soluble fraction and l
l 0.9 pC1/1 for the insoluble fractions for both stations, there is no-measurable activity from the operation of Unit 1.
Stations 1Q (Unit 2 Intake) and IM (at the end of the Discharge Canal) are similarly compared in Figures 3. 7 and 3.8.
The values i
obtained are essentially the same at both locations.
At.nuci mean i
i f
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 32 I
l concentrations for the soluble and insoluble fractions respectively I
are 2.9 and 1.1 pCi/1 for Station IQ and 2. 6 and 0. 60 f or Station IM.
l Data for samples taken by the composite surface water sampler at Conowingo Dam are given in Tables 3. 3 a nd 3. 4.
Comparison of these data with the data in Table 3.2 indicates that the grab samples and the composite samples are essentially the same.
It is possible that the composite sample contains somewhat less insoluble beta radioactivity;
- however, additional data will be needed to determine this.
l The data from all tables indicate that Conowingo Pond is relatively uniform.
Annual mean gross alpha ra d i or.c t iv i t y l
concentrations range from <0.32 to 0.66 pCi/1 for s o lub ir.
fractions and from 0.23 to 0.39 pC1/1 for insoluble fractions.
Correspondingly,
~
gross beta values range from 2.1 to 4.0 pC1/1 and 0.55 to 1.4 pC1/1 and gross gamma results range from 0.88 to 1.5 and <0.81 to 1.1 cpm /1 for the solubic and insoluble fractions respectively.
The value of i
1.5 would be 0.86 and the range 0.86 to 1.3 if one result of 7.8 cpm /1 l
was eliminated from Station IP.
l r
The results of gamma spectrum analysis for the soluble and insoluble fractions for grab samples are given in Table 3.7 and for I
the composite sample from Station 4L in Table 3.8.
All results wera l
l below the MDL values.
l l
l D.
We l l W a__t _e _r
)
Results of analysis of well water samples for gross
- alpha, gross
l 9
l b
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESU1TS Page 33' 2
are given in Tables 4.1 through
- 4. 3.
Gross beta radioactivity of grouped wells are plotted in Figure 4.1.
Radioactivity in well water samples generally arises from the leaching of naturally-occurring nuclides from the rocks and soil past which the water flows.
As levels of the water table
- change, variations can be encountered in the flow pattern followed by water which appears in a
given well.
This can cause changes in the radioactivity content of the water since the teachability of the radioactivity varies as the permeability of the soil and rock encountered by the water differs.
An additional factor which can 1
change radioactivity concentration is the well usage.
A well which is used at a
constant rate tends to maintain a
more constant radioactivity level.
Lack of usage can cause buildup of radioactivity I
concentration if conditions v e ry close to the well are amenable to leaching, or it can cause concentrations to decrease if water from the I
major sources of the radioactivity does not reach the well when samples are taken.
Cross alpha and gross beta radioactivity concentrations are
'enerally below the detection limits of a few tenths of a pCi/1 and 1 or 2 pC1/1 respectively.
Four samples from the preoperational period yielded positive values of 2,
2, 2
and 3
pCi/1 for gross beta radioactivity.
This is consistent with data from earlier time periods.
L Uranium was measured in several wells at levels up to 0.35 ug/l for the. July sample from Darlington, Md.
This is higher than observed previously and may be related to a change in well usage or water
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESQLTS Page 34 table.
Uranium is naturally occurring in most rock.
No Sr-90 radioactivity was found in any of the samples.
Four samples showed positive Cs-137 values, the highest being 1.7 pCi/1 in the May sample from Colora, Md.
(Station 8).
Cross gamma radioactivity values ranged from <0.8 to 2.5 c p m /1.
These values are consistent with the results obtained during previous periods.
Quarterly and annual mean values as given in Tables 4.2 are generally similar between locations.
From a comparison of the well water results, it would appear that there is no significant difference between wells and no indication of any increase in radioactivity concentrations of wells close to Units 1 and 2.
The results of gamma spectrum analysis given in Table 4. 3 a re all below the MDL values.
E.
Soil The results obtained for concentrations of acid-leachable gross
- alpha, grocs
- beta, K-40, net beta, Sr-69, Sr-90 and Cs-137 radioactivity in soil samples are given in Tables 5.1 and 5.2.
Alpha and beta radioactivity are found in soil samples because of the presence of naturally-occurring nuclides in the uranium and thorium series and K-40, and from nuclides present in fallout from weapons testing.
Specific analysee for Sr-89, St-90 and Cs-137 which are normally present in fallout are done to measure these nuclides in
b i
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 35 i
l the presence of the larger quantities of naturally-occurring radioactivity.
The gross alphe radioactivity concentration has a range from <0.2 to 2.5 pCi/g dry weight, with the majority of the values between 0.9 l
and 1.7 pC1/g dry weight.
As has been the case in the
- past, the l
values from Station i
are lower than most other values.
This is l
I l
evident from the annual average of 0.4 pC1/g for Station 4N compared i
to the overall average of 1.1 from all stations.
This is most often the result of different soil composition at the various-locations.
l Net beta radioactivity, which was found in all but three samples, was in the range of <0.7 to 12 pC1/g dry weight with the majority of the samples between 1.0 and 3.2 pC1/g dry weight.
The highest value was found in the October sample from Station 6G (Holtwood, Pa.) and is similar to values from that location in 1970.
s Strontium-90 concentrations ranged from a low of 0.021 pC1/g in the October sample from Station 6G (Holtwood) to a high of 1. 9 3 p Ci/ g l
in the March sample from the same location.
Most of the samples had i
l values of a
few tenths of a pCi/g consistent with previous annual averages.
Station 1AA on site had an annual mean concentration of 0.32 pC1/g as compared to 0.55 pCi/g for the remote Statio,s 3A, 4N, 5 and 6G.
No Sr-89 was detected in any of the four samples analyzed.
The concentration of Cs-137 was approximately a few tenths of a
pCi/g except for the March samples from all locations except 4N.
These samples were abnormally low, ranging from <0.006 to 0.023 pci/g.
The annual average for Station 1AA was 0.12 pC1/g as compared to 0.34
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 36 pCi/g for the grouped remote Stations 3A, 4N, 5 and 6G.
These data indicate that the radioactivity levels at the Peach Bottom site are comparable to or lower than the average values from the surrounding sampling stations.
F.
Silt Tables 6.1 through 6.3 give the analytical results for concentrations of acid-leachable gross alpha, gross beta, gross gamma, Sr-90 and Cs-137 radioactivity and results from gamma spectrum analysis for silt samples.
Silt samples are expected to contain naturally-occurring radioactivity, as discussed above for soil samples, in addition to any other activity introduced into the aquatic environment which would settle onto or be absorbed by the silt.
As can be seen by comparison of the data in Tables 5.1 and 6.1, the activity levels in silt approximate those found in soil.
The concentrations of gross alpha radioactivity is similar at all stations.
The annual mean value of Stations IBB,4C and 4D, combined, is approximately 0.7 pCi/g compared to 0.55 pC1/g at remote Station 6F, which has historically been lower, and 1.2 pC1/g at Station 4T.
Cross beta radioactivity concentration ranges from <0.7 pC1/g at 1
Station 1BB and 4C to 1.9 pC1/g at Station 4D.
These values are somewhat lower than seen pre tously.
The annual mean for Stations
- 1BB, 4C and 4D,
- combined, is
- 1. 2 pC1/g compared to 1.8 pC1/g at Station 4T and 1 pCi/g at Station 6F.
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 37 Sr-90 concentration ranged from 0.003 pC1/g in a December sample from Station 4C to a high of 0.72 in an October sample from Station 6F.
Stations 4C and 4D in Conowingo Pond near the discharge and Station
- IBB, combined, had mean values of 0.014 pC1/g which were somewhat lower than seen previously.
No samples indicated the presence of Sr-89.
l All samples analyzed showed Cs-137 generally at 1.vels of a
few-l l
tenths of a pCi/g.
Two samples were slightly below 0.1 pCi/g and the October sample fron Station 6F had a value of
- 1. 0 7 pC1/g in addition to its higher Sr-90 value.
The annual mean value for Stations 1BB, 4C and 4D, combined, was 0.16 pCi/g and the overall average was 0.20 eliminating the high value.
These are consistent with results from earlier periods.
Gamma spectrum analysis results presented in Table 6.3 show only the presence of naturally occurring K-40 and members of the U, Th series.
G.
Fish The results of the analysis of fish samples for concentrations of gross
)
Cs-137 and gross gamma radioactivity as well as results from gamma I
spectrum analysis are given in Tables 7.1 through 7.4.
Net beta data are plotted in Figures 7.1 through 7.3.
As can be seen from Figure 7.1, the quarterly mean net bets radioactivity in fish collected at Stations 1W and IX, which would be enpected to be affected by pinut discharge, is not significantly
____.__a
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 38 different from that in fish from the more remote Stations 4I and 4J.
Values from analysis of individual fish from these four stations range between
<9 and 36 pC1/g ash with the majority of the values below 20 pC1/g ash.
Figure 7.2 shows the quarterly mean net beta radioactivity concentration in fish from the combined Stations 41 and 4J and Station 6C.
Results are similar to those discussed above and show no difference between Conowingo Pond and Holtwood Pond, which is upstream from the Peach Bottom site.
Quarterly mean net beta radioactivity concentration from samples collected at Station
- 25C, Pequea
- Creek, which is a t ribu ta ry ' t o Holtwood Pond, and Stations 30A and 30B, Peters Creek, which empties into Conowingo
- Pond, are plotted in Figure 7.3.
Values again are similar to those obtained at other stations and indicate the radioactivity concentration of the two creeks are similar.
Slightly higher (20-50 pCi/g ash) values were obtained on fish from both locations in March.
This may be a seasonal effect.
Gross alpha radioactivity was generally undetectable in samples from all stations at levels <2 or <3 pCi/g ash.
One fish from Station IX showed a barely significant value of 5 +4 pCi/g ash.
Sr-90 radioactivity concentration ranges between 0.3 and 4.7 pCi/g ash with the majority of the samples below 2 pC1/g.
The 4.7 pC1/g result was obtained on a March catfish sample from Station 4I.
i These levels are similar to those seen during earlier periods and are not different between locations.
I
IV. DISCQSSION OF RESULTS Page 39 The concentration of Cs-137 radioactivity measured in samples from all stations was between 0.10 and 2.0 pCi/g ash with the majority l
of values below 0.'
pCi/g ash.
This is consistent with values seen l
l previously.
Gross gamma radioactivity concentrations were generally below.03 cpm /g and in many cases were not measurable.
As presented in Table 7.4, gamma spectrum analysis showed only the presence of naturally occurring K-40.
A comparison of all data from all stations indicates no difference between stations and no measurable radioactivity due to the operation of Units 1 and 2.
H.
Shellfish The results of the measurement of concentrations of gross beta, K-40, net beta, Sr-90, and Cs-137 radioactivity in oyster shells and coft tissue and of I-131 in soft tissue are given in Tables 8.1 through 8.3 for Stations 9, 10, and 11.
Gamma spectrum results are presented in Table 8.4.
Net beta radioactivity concentrations in all shell samples were below the detection limit of approximately 8 pCi/g ash.
Since the oyster shells contain primarily calcium, it is to be expected that there would be little if any K-40 or other naturally-occurring nuclides present.
Cs-137 radioactivity concentration was also generally below the detection limit of approximately 0.02 pCi/g ash except for one sample from Station 11.
Sr-90 radioactivity was measured in all samples but one at levels of a few tenths of a pC1/g-
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESUkTS Page 40 ash.
Since very little weight is lost in ashing the sample, this is essentially the concentration in the original shell.
Because Sr-90 would tend to concentrate in the shell due to its chemical similarity to calcium and the ready availability of large quantities of shell, this analysis should detect any significant changes in radioactivity level which would be below the level detectable in tissue.
No Sr-89 was found in any of the samples.
The net beta radioactivity concentrations in oyster soft tissue as presented in Table 8.2 ranges f rom < 8 to 40 pC1/g ash.
The higher values were obtained in pre-operational samples from Station 11 which is furthest from the Peach Bottom site.
This is similar to values seen previously.
The concentrations of Sr-90 and Cs-137 radioactivities for soft tissue are also given in Table 8.2.
From the values obtained it would appear that Sr-90 concentration is very similar to that found in shells; i.e.,
a few tenths of a pCi per gram ash.
This would be expected since the ash consists primarily of calcium salts and there was no recent increase in the Sr-90 p resent in the river water.
This would be equivalent to approximately a few ten thousandths of a pCi/g of raw sample.
The relatively high values ranging from 2 to 5 pC1/g ash seen at Station 9 were obtained using small aliquots of sample due to conditions at the oyster bed.
One value of 2.0 was seen at Station 11 in September.
Cs-137 concentration is also a few tenths of a pCi/g
- ash, barely above the detection limit.
The values of <20 and 3 12 resulted from small aliquots and/or poor yields.
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 41 No Sr-89 was detected in any samples.
l l
l No 1-131 has been detected in oyster tissue samples.
The results of gamma spectrum analysis as given in Table 8.4 showed only the presence of Ru-Rh-106.
This may be due to variability in the counter background as discussed under air particulate.
1 The overall similarity between locations even though they are at different distances from the Peach Bottom site and the relative constancy of radioactivity levels would indicate that the concentrations seen are due to general environmental conditions and are not the result of operation of Units 1 and 2.
I.
Vegetation The concentrations of gross alpha, gross
- beta, net
- beta, K-40, Sr-89, Sr-90, a nd Cs-13 7 radioactivity are given in Table 9.1 and mean values are given in Table 9.2 for vegetation samples.
The concentrations of gross alpha radioactivity is similar between stations and show the same degree of variability.
Values range from
<.5 to 17 pC1/g ash.
Annual mean values were approximately 5
pC1/g ash for both potentially affected and unaffected stations which is comparable to what has been seen previously.
The concentrations of net beta radioactivity are also similar for all stations and appear to have approximately the same spread.
Annual mean values ranged from 110 t o 190 pC1/g ash for the unaffected and potentially affected stations respectively.
Ine latter value is influenced by a tomato sample from Station 1 which gave a
result of
i l
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 42 760 180 pCi/g ash.
Generally higher gross beta values were observed in several tomato sampleo taken from other locations at the same time.
Sr-90 radioactivity concentrations range from 0.14 to 26.7 pCi/g ash.
The lowest va?.ue was obtained on a grass saople from Station 1 and the highest on a leaf sample from Station 3A.
Most individual values were a few pC1/g.
Annual mean concentrations were 3.1 and 4.4 for the nearby and distant locations respectively.
No Sr-89 was neasurable in any of the samples analyzed, Cs-137 radioactivity was measured at concentrations of approximately 1
pCi/g ash.
Individual values ranged from a low of 0.049 pCi/g ash to 4. 2 pC1/ g ash.
Annual mean values were comparable between locations.
There is no indication of a contribution to the indioactivity in the environment from the Peach Bottom Units.
Wide variability is to be expectrad between sample types because of difference in growing season and conditions.
J.
Milk The concentrations of gross beta,
.K-40, net
and I-131 radioactivity are given in Tables 10.1 a nd 10.2.
For purpeses of data comparison, farms have been divided into three
- groups, one containing Farms F,
G, H,
I, and J which are regional farme near the site,tthe second group containing Farms D and K
which are at intermediate distances, and the third consisting of O
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 43 i
l Farms A,
B, and C which encircle the site at greater distances.
The concentration of net beta radioactivity is generally in the as has been the case since 1966.
range of <100 to 500 pC1/1 The major beta activity in milk is due to the presence of naturally-occurring K-40 at concentrations of approximately 1000 pCi/1.
The residual net beta valuen are most probably the result of the difference between two types of measurements.
The gross beta l
radioactivity As measured directly on milk ash while the,K-40 value is calculated from chemical measurement. of potassium.
From the known metabolic process of cows, it is unlikely that any nuclides other than those of Strcotium, Cesium, Barium-Lanthanum, Hydrogen or Iodine would be present in milk.
The absence of I-131 and the comparability of the concentration of Sr-90 and Cs-137 from the three farm groups make it unlikely that any real net beta radioactivity is present.
i The Sr-90 radioactivity concentration for all farms was in the range of
- 2. 2 to 23.5 pCi/1.
Excluding the high and low values makes the range 4.2 to 18.4 pC1/1.
The annual mean for the nearby farms is l
8.7 pC1/1 compared to 9.4 pC1/1 for the intermediate group and 6. 4 f or the more distant group.
The high value of 23.5 pC1/1 was found at Farm D in the intermediate group in a June sample.
These numbers are similar to values from the previous period.
No Sr-89 was found in any of the samples.-
l l
Values for Cs-137 radioactivity concentration range from 2.0 to l
l l
12.2 pCi/1.
Annual mean for the nearby farm group is 7.6 pC1/1 compared to 5.6 pCi/] and 6.1 pCi/1 for the intermediate and distant
l l
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESUITS Page 44 2
1 groupa respectively.
Several samples appear to indicate the presence of small l
quantitics of I-131 when compared to the counting error.
These are i
l based on very low count rates and yields and did not permit decay measurements.
Starting in the second half of 1973, the procedure was modffied to permit analysis below 0.5 pCi/1.
K.
Rabbits Tables 11.1 and 11. 2 p resent the analytical data obtained from the analysis for gross beta, K-40, and net beta radioactivity in rabbit bone, soft tissue, and muscle.
Iodine-131 concentrations in rabbit thyroids are also given.
Net beta radioactivity concentration in muscle ranged from <30 to 60 pCi/g ash and for soft tissue from <20 to <30 pC1/g ash indicating again that the majority of the activity is due to K-40.
For
- bone, values range from 22 to 2 7 pC1/g ash with a mean value of 26 pC1/g ash.
These values are consistent with the values seen during previous report periods.
No I-131 was found above the detection limit of 1 pCi/ thyroid.
No samples could be obtained during the second half of 1973.
L.
External Camma Radiation The dose rate readings and ranges from the Nuclear Measurement Corporation gamma radiation monitors at Station 1A and 1B are given in Table 12.1.
The ranges for a
period are obtained by scanning the entire chart for that pericd at a later time.
IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Page 45 i
Both monitors have exhibited temperature dependence.
Examination of the recorder charts for the summer indicates the presence of a 24-hour cycle with maximum readings dur*.ng the day and minimum readings during the night.
The monitors are known to be temperature sensitive in a manner consistent with the observed response.
Because of its outdoor location prior to June 1973, the monitor at Station 1A is subject to wide temperature changes.
On June 18, the detector was moved into a small, heated (and air-conditioned) building similsr to the installation used for Station IB.
l Temperature dependence is also indicated at Station IB from the chart readings during 1973.
I I
Page 46 V.
SUMMARY
No positive increase in environmental radioactivity was observed s
which could be a t t r ii'u t e d to PBAPS operation.
Samples such as air particulate, precipitation,
- water, soil,
- fish, etc.
showed gross and/or net activities which are consistent with the known presence of naturally eccurring nuclides or which are most probably attributable to fallout from weapons testing and therefore did not result from PBAPS operation.
l l
Page 47 R_EEER EN C E S (1) Pre-operational Environs Radioactivity Survey for the Philadelphia Electric Company, Summary Report (1967).
(2) Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station Environs Radiation Monitoring
- Program, Preoperational Summary
- Report, Units 2
and
'3, for the Philadelphia Electric Company (1974).
TABLE 1.1 PARTICULATE SAMPLES'3)
ANALYTICAL DATA FOR AIR BETA RADIOACTIVITY (pC1/m CONCENTRATION OF GROSS CROUP 1 - PEACH BOTTOM SITE
_ STATION la IH
'P COLLECTION PERIOD
............................o.....................
72 12/31 - 1/ 7 044 8.009
.032 #.009
.046 a.009 73 1/7-1/14
.06
- .01
.052 #.008
.06
- .01 1/21
.07
- .01
.06
- .01
.06 e.01 1/14 1/21 - 1/28 (a)
.053 #.009
.053 #.009 1/28 - 2/ 4
.037 #.009
.044 #.009
.01H w.009 2/ 4 - ' 2/11
.039 8.009
.041 #.009
.044 #.009 2/11 - 2/16
.05
- .01
.06 a.01
.06
- .01 2/16 - 2/24
.070 m.009
.047 #.008
.057 #.009 3/ 4
.050 m.008
.053 #.008
.097 a.009 2/24 3/11
.036 #.004
.033 #.008
.038 a.008 3/ 4 3/11 - 3/17
.04
- .01
.05
- .01
.04
- .01 3/17 - 3/25
.036 #.008
.038 #.008
.037 #.008 3/25 - 4/ 1
.046 #.008
.034 #.008
.048 a.00H 4/ 1-4/ 8
.043 #.008
.036 #.008
.037 #.008 4/ 8-4/14
.04
- .01
.04
- .01
.05
- .01 4/20
.05 a.01
.05
- .01
.06
- .01 l
4/14 4/20 - 4/27
.038 #.008
.051 #.009
.054 *.009 4/27 - 5/ 6
.022 #.007
.037 #.007
.046 *.007 i
5/ 6 - 5/13
.046 #.009
.043 #.009
.04H a.004 5/13 - 5/20
.039 #.009
.042 #.008
.043 *.009 5/20 - 5/27
.0%8 #.009
.031 #.009
.060 #.009 5/27 - 6/ 3
.041 #.009
.047 #.009
.038 *.008 1
6/ 3-6/ 8
.05
- .01
.05_
- .01
.04
- .01 6/ 8-6/16
.054 #.008
.055 #.008
.053 p.008 6/16 - 6/23
.028 #.009
.034 #.009
.019 #.009 6/23 - 7/ 1
.036 #.007
.042 #.007
.04
- .01 7/ 1 - 7/ 6
.063 #.008
.06
- .01
.07
- .01 7/ 6 - 7/15
.068 #.005
.078 #.008
.064 #.008 7/15 - 7/22
.06? #.008
.062 #.009
.059 #.008 7/22 - 7/29
.056 *.006
.052 #.008
.052 a.008 i
7/29 - 8/ 5
.046 #.006
.048 #.006
.010 W.00b i
8/ 5 - 8/12
.068 #.007
.059 #.006 (b) l 8/12 - 8/19 053 #
007
.067 #.009
.052 #.006
)
8/19 - 8/25
.046 #
4
.06
- .01
.037 *.006 j
8/25 - 9/ 1
.083 #.008
.105 #.007
.078 a.007 9/ 1-9/ 8
.071 #.007
.080 #.007
.022 #.006 9/ 8 - 9/16
.049 #.006
.054 #.005
.053 #.006 9/16 - 9/23
.045 #.006
.059 8.006
.052 a.007 9/23 - 9/30
.058 #.007
.050 #.006
.043 #.006 9/30 - 10/ 7
.0%8 4.007
.052 #.006
.055 #.007 10/ 7 - 10/14
.054 #.007
.058 #.006
.060 m.006 10/21
.045 #.007
.046 #.007
.053 #.007 10/14 10/21 - 10/28
.066 #.007
.053 #.007
.067 a.007 10/28 - !!/ 4
.039 #.006
.037 #.007
.018 a.007 11/11
.050 m.007
.048 8.007
.054 #.007 11/ 4 11/11 - 11/18
.061 #.007
.058 s 007
.043 u.007 11/18 - 11/25
.078 #.007
.077 *.007 4076 *.006 11/25 - 12/ 2
.046 #.007
.046 #.006
.045 a.007 12/ 2 - 12/ 9
.062 #.007
.058 #.006
.055 =.007 12/ 9 - 12/16
.050 m.007
.052 #.006
.050 m.006 l
12/16 - 12/23
.054 #.007
.062 #.006
.058 #.007 12/23 - 12/29
.066 #.006
.066 #.007
.070 m.008 i
(a) No sample due to pump replacement.
(b) No sample due to pump breakdown.
All samples collected prior to August 9, 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Unita 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9, 1973 represent the operational period fot Units 2 and 3.
- Represents plus or m i n u s.-
L_______________
_ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ = _ - - _
TABLE 1.2 ANALYTICAL DATA FOR AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES 3
CONCENTRATION OF CROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY (pCi/m )
CROUP II - INTERMEDIATE DISTANCE LOCATIONS l
-_SJAI.1M 1A 4A 4R 5
6A COLLECTION PERIOD 72 12/31 - 1/ 7
. 010 m.008
.038 e.008
<.03
.06 a.01
.0*
a.01 73 1/ 7 1/14
.nkl #.009
.07 m.01
.017 a.008
.06 w.ol
.08 m.01 1/14 1/21
.046 a.006
.045 a.000 (a)
.05 a.ul
.05% a.004 1/?! - 1/28
.0*0 m.006
.028 m.008 (b)
.05 a.ul
.05
- .01 1/?8 - 2/ 4 031 W.008 (a)
.032 #.00H
.043 a.008
.040 a.008 2/ 4
?/11
.042 w.008 (a)
.048 s.006
.06
- .01
.06 a.01 2/11 - 2/16
.05
- .01 (b)
.06
- .01
.05 m.01
.06 d.01 2/16 - 2/24
.0%0 m.008
.051 #.008
.096 *.008
.06 w.b1
.06 o.01 2/24 - 3/ 4
.056 *.008
.044 #.008
.046 a.00H
.054 a.008
.05P d.008 l
3/ 4 3/11
.038 m.006
.0*4 6.009
.038 a.008
.05 a.u1
.04 a.01 l
3/11 - 3/17
.040 m.004
.05
- .01
.04
- .01
.05 a.01
.05
- .01 3/17 3/25
.04? w.006
.036 #.008
.014 =.008
.04 m.01
.05 u.01 3/P5 - 4/ 1
.038 s.008
.035 #.008
.041 o.006
.044 *.006
.047 4.008 4/ 1-4/ 8
.0?9 8.008
.035 #.008
.037 a.008
.04 a.01
.05 d.01 4/ 8-4/14
.05
- .01
.04
- .01
.04 m.01
.04
- .01
.05 m.01 j
4/14 4/20
.057 #.009
.06
- .01
.06
- .01
.09
- .01
.07
- .01 1
4/20 - 4/27
.044 m.008
.04? W.008
.044 a.00H
.04 a.01
.06 e.01 4/27 5/ 6
.048 m.007
.045 a.007
.036 a.007
.05P #.008
.045 a.004 5/ 6 - 5/13
.042 m.008
.050 m.008
.014 a.009
.05 a.01
.05 a.01 5/13 - 5/20
.041 #.00H
.051 #.008
.014 a.008
.05 W.01
.05 v.01 5/20 - 5/27
.025 #.008
.036 w.009
.073 *.006
.04 w.01
.03 d.01 5/27 - 6/ 3
.037 8.008
.053 w.009
.042 a.006
.04
- .01
.04
- .01 6/ 3-6/ 8
.06 m.01
.05
- .01
.046 a.00H
.05
=.01
.05 m.01 6/ 8 - 6/16
.046 #.007
.047 m.008
.049 v.006
.09
- .01
.060 #.000 6/16 - 6/23
.03? #.008
.0?9 a.009
.078 e.006
.04 a.01
.04 4.01 j
6/21 - 7/ 1
.034 s.007
.036 m.008
.032 r.005
.059 m.409
.04 a.01 l
7/ 1 7/ 6
.06 m.01
.09
- .01
.053 d.007
.07 m.01
.07 a 01 7/ 6 7/15
.079 s.007
.073 a.008
.067 a.005
.08
- .01
.074 a.008 7/15 - 7/22
.0'9 #.008
.06
- .01
.063 n.006
.07 a.01
.06 u.01 7/22 - 7/29
.047 #.007
.053 m.009
.045 *.006
.05
- .01
.050 a.009 7/29 8/ 5
.053 =.008
.042 m.006
.053 d.007
.046 a.006
.045 #.005 8/ S - 8/12
.07/ W.009
.068 *.007
.075 a.008
.06P a.007
.068 *.006 8/12 - 8/14
.074 a.009
.041 #.005
.060 m.008
.041 a.006
<.00*
8/19 - H/25
.042 a.007
.037 #.006
.049 a.008
.057 #.007
.035 *.005 8/25 - 9/ 1
.09? #.007
.083 m.007
.117 #.009
.099 W.007
<.005 l
9/ 1 9/ 6
.070 8.007
.068 m.007
.058 6.006
.057 *.006
.038 m.005 i
9/ 8 9/16
.040 #.006
.049 m.006
.047 a.006
.045 a.006
.0i? *.005 9/16 9/23
.051 #.007
.049 #.007
.047 a.006
.041 w.006
.041 #.005 Q/23 - 9/30
.046 #.006
.049 m.007
.054 *.007
.040 m.006
.046 a.005 9r30 - 10/ 7
.045 #.006
.052 m.007
.049 n.006
.050 a.006
.050 *.005 10/ 7 - 10/14
.056 a.006
.055 m.007
.067 n.006
.056 m.006
.053 =.006 10/14 10/21
.055 a.007
.050 m.007
.054 #.007
.051 w.007
.05? a.007 10/21 - 10/28
.0;9 a.007
.052 *.007
.066 *.007
.060 =.007
.064 e.007 10/2H - 11/ 4
.037 a.006
.037 m.006 040 e.007
.039 =.007
.030 m.006 11/ 4 - 11/11
.052 #.007
.054 #.007
.044 n.007
.054 a.J07
.057 a.007 11/11 - 11/18
.0%6 a.007
.059 a.007
.053 a.007
.051 s.007
.055 *.007 11/18 11/25
.074 #.007
.076 m.007
.073 a.007
.07S *.006
.074 a.007 i
11/25 - 12/ 2
.050 m.007
.044 #.007
.049 *.007
.045 a.006
.034 *.005 l
12/ ? - l?/ 9
.062 a.006
.050 m.007
.062 e.007
.060 e.006
.054 a.006 12/ 9 - !?/16
.051 #.007
.049 #.007
.050 m.007
.053 a.006
.058 u.006 l
12/16 12/27
.043 a.006
.055 9.007
.058 a 007
.061 8.006
.074 a.006 l
12/23 - 12/d9
.066 #.008
.060 m.008
.058 a.006
.063 #.008
.060 m.007 l
l l
(a)
No semple due to pump breakdown.
(b) No sample due to pump replacement.
All samples collected prior to August 9 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Units 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9 1973 represent the operational period for Units 2 and 3.
- Represents plus or minus
- - _ _ _ ___________ _ -__ A
TABLE 1.2 (cont)
ANALYTICAL DATA FOR AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES 3
CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY (pC1/m )
CROUP II - INTERMEDIATE DISTANCE LOCATIONS STAT 10N 14 15 17 31 32 COLLECTION PERIOD
....-------------~~------------~~~~-----------
72 12/31 - 1/ 7
.006 #.006
.029 #.006
.028 a.006 73 1/ 7 - 1/14
.061 #.006
.059 #.008
.040 d.006 1/14 - 1/21
.048 #.006
.047 *.006
.010 *.004 l
1/21 - 1/28
.D38 #.004
.044 *.006 (a) 1/28 - 2/ 4
.035 #.006
.036 *.006
.010 m.006 2/ 4 - 2/11
.039 #.006
.046 8.008
.041 *.008 2/11 - 2/16 090 #.008
.040 #.008
.05 a.01 2/16 - 2/24
.053 #.006
.051 8.006
.048 a.008 3/ 4
.na0 #.006
.045 #.006
.041 u.008 2/24 3/11
.032 #.006
.032 #.006
.046 e.008 3/ 4 3/11 - 3/17
.n 36 #.006
.029 #.006 116 a.008 3/17 - 3/25
.034 #.006
.029 #.006
.040 r.008 3/25 - 4/ 1
.041 *.006
.033 #.004
.033 =.006 4/ 1-4/ 8
.039 #.006
.029 #.006
.027 u.008 4/ 8-4/14
.044 #.006
.024 #.006
.04n #.008 4/20
.054 #.007
.048 #.009 4/14 4/14 - 4/21
.03
- .01 4/20 - 4/27
.046 8.006
.040 a.007 4/21 - 4/27
.12 02 4/27 - 5/ 6
.040 #.005
.08
- .U1
.040 n.006 5/ 6 - 5/13
.066 #.007
.06
- .02
.035 h.006 5/13 - 5/20
.040 #.006
.06
- .01
.078 a.007 5/20 - 5/27
.033 8.006
.05
- .01
.034 e.007 5/27 - 6/ 3
.0*4 #.007
.08 m.01
.018 u.008 6/ 3-6/ 8
.045 #.008
.08
- .02
.05 e.01 6/ 8 - 6/16
.046 #.006
.10
- .01
.044 a.007 6/16 - 6/23
.026 #.005
.06
- .01
.024 #.007 6/23 - 7/ 1
.022 #.005
.06
- .01
.028 a.006 7/ 1-7/ 6
.0h2 #.006
.11
- .02
.06
- .01 7/ 6 - 7/15
.059 #.005
.13
- .01
. 068
- ,.007 7/15 - 7/22
.057 8.006
.11
- .02
.051 #.007 7/22 - 7/29
.046 #.006
.10
- .02
.036 #.007
.044 #.006
.052 #.006 7/29 - 6/ 5
.043 #.006
.052 #.007
.052 #.006
.041 #.u06
.041 #.005 8/ 5 - 8/12
.062 #.007
.069 e.008
.064 8.007
.058 #.007
.062 #.007 8/12 - 8/19
.045 #.006
.063 #.007
.044 #,006
.046 #.006
.014 #.006 H/19 - 8/25
.054 #.007
.041 #.007
.039 m.006
.048 #.007
.042 #.006 8/25 - 9/ 1
. 050 #.006
.110 #.008
.093 #.007
.036-#.005
.106 d.007 9/ 1-9/ 8
.076 #.007
.077 e.007
.061 #.007
.051 #.006
.070 W.007 9/ 8 - 9/16
.050 #.006
.068 #.006
.045 *.006
.041 #.006
.05P W.006 9/16 - 9/23
.052 #.007
.054 #.007
.051 e.007
.041 #.006
.055 #.007 9/23 - 9/30
.046 #.006
.050 #.007
.D50 #.007
.042 c.006
.053 #.007 9/30 - 10/ 7
.0S6 #.007
.056 #.007
.053 #.006
.053 8.006
.056 #.006 j
10/ 7 - 10/14
.059 #.007
.055 #.007
.056 #.007
.063 #.007
.057 e.007 1
10/21
.049 #.007
.046 #.007
.048 #.007
.051 4.007
.051 #.007 10/14 10/21 - 10/28
.061 #.007
.068 #.007
.061 #.007
.062 #.007
.065 a.007 1
10/28 - 11/ 4
.031 #.006
.040 #.007 014 m.006
.016 #.006
.020 #.006 11/11
.051 #.007
.052 #.007
.055 *.007
.357 #.007
.051 8.007 11/ 4 11/11 - 11/18
.063 #.007
.058 #.007
.057 *.007
.056 #.007
.056 8.00?
11/18 - 11/25
.062 #.007
.077 #.007
.080 #.007
.084 #.007
.076 #.007 11/25 - 12/ 2
.040 #.006
.uSO #.007
.048 #.006
.054 #.J07
.046 #.007 12/ 2 - 12/ 9
.068 #.007
.055 #.007
.060 #.007
.059 #.007
.054 #.007 12/ 9 - 12/16
.051 #.007
.0$4 #.007'
.054 m.007
.056 #.007
.0$0 #.001 12/16 - 12/23
.064 #.007
.058 #.007
.051 #.007
.059 m.0Lt
.058 #.007 12/23 - 12/29
.065 #.008
.067 #.008
.072 #.008
.065 #.006
.066 #.008 (a) No sample due to pump replacement.
All semples collected prior to August 9 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Units 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9 1973 represent the i
operational period for Units 2 and 3.
1 i Represents plus or minus J
TABLE 1.3 ANALYTICAL DATA FOR A2R PARTICULATE SAMPLES 3
CONCENTRATION OF CROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY (pC1/m )
CROUP III - DISTANT LOCATIONS ATaff0N t/4 120 COLLECTION PERIOD 72 IP/P9 - 1/ 5
.010 m.006
. 017 a.006 73 1/ 5 - 1/1?
.044 a.007
.06? a.008
(
1/IP - 1/19 0:15 a.007
.045 a.007 j
1/26
.016 *.006
.044 a.0,06 l
1/14 1/P6 - 7/ 5
.n15 a.006
.034 a.005 j
2/ 5 - P/10
.0ut a.004
.050 m.009 l
2/10 - P/16
.n34 a.007
.044 m.007 P/P3
.441 a.007
.046 a 008 2/16 P/P3 - 3/ 2 038 a.006
.067 a.007 3/ P - 3/ 9 0%
a.0P
.03P a.006 3/16 016 a.006
.047 a.007 3/ 4 3/16 - 3/P3 027 a.026
.024 m.006 J/P3 - 3/30 017 a.006
.054 a.008 3/30"-
4/ 6 670 a.006
.0P6 a.006 j
4/ 6 - 4/13 034 a.006
.048 a.006 j
4/13 - 4/14
.046 a.007
.066 a.007 4/19 - 4/27
.033 a.005
.040 m.006 l
4/P7 - 5/ 4 0W6 a.004
.05? a 007 S/ u - 5/11
.04 a.01
.041 m.006 l
5/11 - 5/18
.012 m.006
.037 a.006 I
5/18 - 5/?9
.o16 a.004
.025 a 004 6/ 1
.nx a.05
.04 a 01 l
5/P4 6/ 1-6/ P 0,
=.01 8053 a.007 6/15
.036 *.006
.049 a.007 6/ A 6/15 - 6/PP
.0lx a.006
.033 *.006 6/PP - 6/30
.034 a.005 6/PP - 7/ P
.ns? a.004
)
6/30 - 7/ 4
.056 m 006 I
7/ P 7/ 9 04p a.006 7/13
.11 a.01
.07 a.01 l
7/ 4 7/20
.061 a.007
.061 a.007 7/11 7/PO - 7/P7
.046 a.007
.055 a 007 7/P7 - A/ 3
.045 a.006
.055 m.007 8/
3-R/10
.0*4 a.007
.064 a.007 A/10 - 8/17 042 a.006
.056 a.007 H/17 - P/24
.030 a.006
.036 m.007 8/P4 - 8/31
.One 9.007
.104 a.00A H/11 - 9/ 7 0w3 a.007
.082 m.007 9/ 7-9/14
. o 47 a.006
.054 a.007 9/PP
.034 a.005
<.005 4/lu 9/PP - 4/2H
.0-0 a.007
.056 a.007 10/ 5
.050 m.006
.045 a.006 9/2A 10/ 5 - 10/12
.1 36 m.006
.055 a.007 10/l? - 10/10 046 a.008
.052 a.007 10/19 - 10/P6
.013 a.006
.051 a.007 10/P6 - 11/ P
.0P9 a.006
.039 a.006 11/ ? - 11/ 9 014 a.006
.051 a.007 11/ 9 - 11/16 (a)
,osp n,007 11/23
.041 a.006
.047 #.007 11/16 11/73 - 11/30
.057 a.007
.058 a.007 11/30 - 17/ 7 451 a.007
.06? a.007 IP/ 7 - 12/14
.049 a.007
.044 a.006 12/P1
.qu7 a.007
.058 a.007 12/14 IP/P1 - !?/2A 0w9 a.007
.058 m.007 (a) No sample due to pump breakdown.
All samples collected prior to August 9, 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Units 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9 1973 represent the l
operational period for Unita 2 and 3.
- Represents plus or minus l
DM A
I VL I A DU NN a
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TABLE 3.5 COMPARATIVE EPA DATA FOR GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY FOR AIR PARTICULATE (a)
Concentration (pC1/m3)
'~
"ollection Harrisburg, Pa.
Trento_n, N. J.,
Baltimore, Md.
Period-1973 Min.
Max.
Mean Min.
Max.
Ifean Min.
Max.
Mean January 0
2 0
0 1
0 0
3 0
February 0
1 0
0 1
0 0
1 0
March 0
1 0
0 1
0 0
2 0
April 0
1 0
0 1
0 0
1 0
i May 0
1 0
0 1
0 0
1 0
l June 0
1 0
1 0
0 1
0 July
.01
.06
.03
.02
.07
.03
.02
.07
.03 August
<.01
.06
.03 September
<.01
.03
.02 October
<.01
.06
.03 November
<.01
.05
.02 December
.02
.06
.03
- Data not reported (a)
For graph purposes, all 0 values are plotted as <1 since all EPA data is reported to the nearest integer for January through June.
f Field measurement January through June and laboratory measurement thereafter.
l l
h 2 2 2 1 1 :
1 2 2
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I TABLE 3.1 ANALYTICAL DATA FOR PRECIPITATION SAMPLES CONCENTRATION (pCi/1)
G.HETA SP 89 SR 90 C5 137-COLLECTION VOLUME STATION PERIOD (liters) 2/ 1 2
<3
.3
< 4 lA 73 1/ 4 2/ 1 - 3/ 1 3
3 8 2 3/ 1 - 3/P9 2
13
- 3 1/29 - 5/ 3
?
5
- P 4
.3
.5
.5 5/ 3 - 5/31 P.86 23
- P 5/31 - 6/28 2 73 10
- 1 6/28 - H/ 2 2.89 5
- 1
< 3 1.1
- .5
<.3 8/ ? - 8/30
-( a )
-j 8/30 - 10/ 4 2.62
<2
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2
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11/ l - 11/29
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< 40
< 50 10 4 6 10
- 9 I
1/ 3' 3
8
- 2 2.2
.R
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<.3 11/29 lH 73 1/ 4 - P/ 1 2
7
- 3
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11
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A
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11
- P
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6 w1 6/28 - 8/ 2 2
7 N 1
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3
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<3
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.3-5/ 6 - 6/ 3 1.54 P6
- 3 6/ 3-7/ 1 2.49 4
- 1 7/ 1 - 8/ 5 3.1 6
- 1 3
- 1
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<5 9/ 1 - 10/ 7 3
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2
- 1 2
- 1
<.2
.3 (a) No sample collected.
All samples collected prior to August 9 1973 represent the l
pre-operational period for Unite 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9, 1973 represent the operational period for Units 2 and 3.
- Represents plus or minus
\\
I
]
1 l
l
f TABLE.2.2 ANALYTICAL DATA FOR PRECII'ITATj0N SAMPLES Surf ace Density (pc4 /m ).
i l
G. BETA SR 89 SR 90 C5 137 COLLECTION VOLUME STATION PERIOD (liters) lA 73 1/ 4 - 2/ 1 2
< 200 20
- 10
< 20 j
2/ 1-3/ 1 3
300
- 200 3/ 1 - 3/29 2
800
- 200 5/ 3 - 5/31 2.86 2000
- 200 !,
30
- 20 30 8 30 3/29 - 5/ 3 2
300
- 100 I
5/31 - 6/28 2.73 000
- 100 I
6/28 - 8/ 2 2.89 500
- 100
< 300 100
- 40
< 20 i
H/ 2 - H/30 (a) 8/30 - 10/ 4 2.62
< 100
< 400 40
- 20
<-30 10/ 4 - 11/ 1 2
100
- 100
< 100 20.
- 10
. < 20 11/ 1 - 11/29
.07
< 90
< 100 20
- 10 70
- 20 l
11/29 - 1/ 3 3
700
- 200 200
- 70
< 10
< 30 IH 73 1/ 4 - 2/ 1 2
400
- 200
< A 50
- 40 2/ 1 - 3/ 1 3
1000 4 200 3/ 1 -' 3/29 2
500
- 100 3/29 - 5/ 3 4
1300 # 200 100
- 40 100
- 60 5/3-5/31 3.82 900
- 200 1
5/31 - 6/28 3
600
- 100
)
6/28 - 8/ 2 2
410
- 90
< 200 30
- 20 20
- 10 8/ 2 - 8/30 2.47
< 400 i
8/30 - 10/ 4 2.8 200
- 100
< 300
< 20 120
- 30 l
11/ 1 1.5 200
- 100 100
- 100
< Q
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10/ 4 11/ 1 - 11/29
.425
< 100
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- 9
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!!00 8 300 500
- 200
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- 50 l
4H 73 1/ 7 - 2/ 4 3
300
- 300
< 10
< 30 2/ 4 3/ 4 1
1200 # 200 j
4/ 1 2
< 100 1
3/ 4 l
4/ 1-5/ 6 3
< 300
< 30
< 30 j
5/ 6 - 6/ 3 1 54 1200
- 100 6/ 3 - 7/ 1 2.49 300
- 100 J
7/ 1-8/ 5 3.1 500
- 100 300
- 100 50 8 20
< 20 8/ 5 - 9/ 1 2.83
< 400 l
9/ I - 10/ 7 3
< 100 900
- 500 30 a 20 70
- 40 10/ 7 - 11/ 4 1.5 200
- 100
< 200 20
- 20
< 20 11/ 4 - 12/ 2
.45
< 90
< 70 10
- 4 30
- 20 12/ 2 1/ 6 2.95 200
- 100 190
- 90
< 20
< 30 (a) No sample collected.
All samples collected prior to August 9, 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Unite 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9, 1973 epresent the s
operational period for Unita 2 and 3.
- Represents plus or minus 6
l l
l
Table 2.3 1973 /UNUAL MEAN RADI0ACTIVTTY CONCENTRATION IN PRECIPITATION (PCI/L)
Environmental Station No.
G.
BETA Sr-89 Sr-90 Cs-137 1A 10123 12142 1.817.3 1.7 7.3 1B 6.925.1 3.8 2.6
.462.77
.8711.25 4M 8.5t23.3 4.816.2
.36.40
.6111.28 Overall Mean 8.5118.8 7.0124.1
.8724.22 1.1 4.2 1973 ANNUAL MEAN RADIOACTIVITY SURFACE DENSITY IN PRECIPITATION 2
(PCI/M )
Environmental Station No.
G.
1A 54011100 2202260 34261 24211 I
1B 590!780 2301350 30 64 54182 l
4M 4101780 3301660 24128 33134 l
}
overall Mean 5101890 2601430 30152 37155 l
l All samples collected prior to August 9, 1973 represent the pre-operational period for Units 2 and 3.
All samples collected after August 9, 1973 represent the i
operational period for Units 2 and 3.
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TABLE 12.1 CAMMA RADIATION MONITORINC READINGS (mR/hr)
Station IA (a)
Range Reading (b)(c)
Collection Period-1973 Min.
Max.
1/1 - 1/7
.010
.012
.011 1/8 - 1/14
.011 013
.011 1/15-1/21
.011
.012
.011 1/22-1/28
.011
.013
.012 1
1/29-2/4
.010
.012
.011 2/5 - 2/11
.010
.011
.011 2/12-2/16
.010
.011
.010 2/17-2/24
.010
.011 (d) 2/25-3/4
.010
.011
.010 3/5 - 3/11
.010
.012 (d) 3/12-3/17
.010
.012
.01C 3/18-3/25(e).010
.024 (d) 3/26-4/1
.011
.018
.018 4/2 - 4/8
.011
.030
.018 4/9 - 4/14
.011
.016
.016 4/15-4/20
.011
.033
.017 4/21-4/27
.012
.080
.014 4/28-5/6
.012
.040
.018 5/7 - 5/13
.012
.058
.014 5/14-5/20
.012
.033
.014 5/21-5/27
.013
.039
.018 5/?8-6/3 (f)
(f)
.025 6/4-6/8 (f)
(f)
.041 6/9-6/16 (f)
(f)
.021 6/17-6/23 017
.020 (g) 6/24-7/1
.019
.021 7/2-7/7
.920
.021 7/B - 7/14
.019
.021 7/15-7/21
.020
.021 7/22-7/28
.019
.021 7/29-8/6
.020
.022 8/6 - 8/12 (h)
(h) 8/13-8/19 (h)
(h) 8/20- 8/26
.036
.038 8/27-9/2
.036
.038 9/3 - 9/9
.038
.040 9/30- 9/16
.038
.039 9/17-9/23
.038
.039 9/24-9/30
.036
.039 10/1-10/7
.038
.040 10/8-10/14
.038
.040 10/15-10/21
.038
.040 10/22-10/28
.038
.040 10/29-11/4
.038
.040 11/5 -11/11
.038
.041 11/12-11/18
.038
.041 11/19-11/25
.039
.041 11/26-12/2
.039
.041 12/3 -12/9
.038
.042 12/10-12/16
.038
.042 12/17-12/23
.038
.041 12/24-12/30
.039
.042 (a) High readings apparently due to detector sensitivity to high temperatures.
(b) Reading is taken on the last date of the collection period.
(c) No readings were recorded after 8/6/73.
(d) Reading not recorded.
(e) New photo mul.tiplier tubes installed 3/21/73 and monitors recalibrates on 3/23/73.
(f) Recorder inoperative from 5/27-6/19/73.
(g) Radiation monitor 1A was moved to the new t ermanent building in Peach Bottom weather station No. 1 on June 18, 1973 and a new recorder was installed in the Peach Botton Unita 2 and 3 control room on June 19 1971.
Weekly readings were temporarily discontinued at this time.
(h) Data lost in process.
TABLE 12.1 (Cont.)
CAMMA RADIATION MONITORING READINCS (mR/hr)
Station 18(a)
Range Reading ( b,)( c )
Collection Period-1,973 Min.
Max.
I 11/1 - 1/7
.014
.016
.014 1/8 - 1/14
.011
.014
.014 1/15 - 1/21
.013
.015
.014 1/22 - 1/28
.013
.018 014 2/4
.017
.018
.018 1/29 2/5 - 2/11
.017
.026
.021 2/12 - 2/16
.017
.028
.024 2/17 - 2/24
.017
.018
.019 2/25 - 3/4
.018
.040
.024 3/5 - 3/11
.018
.031
.020 3/12 - 3/17
.017
.036
.017 3/18 - 3/25(d).010
.031
.015 3/26 - 4/1
.010
.035
.023 4/2 - 4/8
.013
.020(e)
.025 4/9 - 4/14
.010
. 017( f )
.017 4/15 - 4/20
.012
.044
.019 4/21 - 4/27
.012
.049
.016 4/28 - 5/6
.010
.062
.035 5/7 - 5/13
.011
.068
.016 5/14 - 5/20
.010
.060
.034 5/21 - 5/27
.017
.066
.027 5/28 - 6/3
.017 4059
.035 6/4 - 6/8
.028
.062 051 6/9 - 6/16
.032
.060(g)
.043 6/17 - 6/23
.035
.05 5 ( A)
(h) 6/24 - 7/1
.035
.096
.09 7/2 - 7/7 (1)
(1)
(g) 7/8 - 7/14 (1)
(1) 7/15 - 7/21 (1)
(1) 7/22 - 7/28 (1)
(1) 7/29 - 8/6
.032
.076 (i)( l) 8/6 - 8/12
.040
.070 8/13 - 8/19
.040
.073 8/20 - 8/26
.036
.061 8/27 - 9/2
.041
.081
(
9/3 - 9/9
.039
.070 9/10 - 9/16
.064
.100 9/17 - 9/23
.057
.092 9/24 - 9/30
.060
.094 10/1 - 10/7
.054
.110 10/8 - 10/14
.054
.094 10/15-10/21
.053
.090 10/22-10/28
.053
.115 10/29-11/4
.053
.120 11/5 - 11/11
.060
.070 11/12-11/18
.057
.105 11/19-11/25
.058
.076 11/26-12/2
.040
.084 i
12/3 -12/9
.038
.042 1
12/10-12/16
.038
.042 12/17-12/23
.038
.041 I
12/24-12/30
.039
.042 (a) High readings apparently due to detector sensitivity to high temperatures.
(b) Reading is taken on the last date of the collection period.
(c) No readings recorded after 8/6/73.
(d) New photo multiplier tubes installed 3/21/73 and monitors re-calibrated on 3/23/73.
(e) Recorder inoperative from 4/3 to 4/5/73 and 4/7 to 4/8/73.
(f) Recorder inoperative from 4/8 to 4/9/73.
(r' A new recorder was installed on radiation monitor 1B on June 22, 1973.
This recorder was moved to Peach Botton Units 2 and 3 control room the same day.
The recorder was out of service from 6/10 to 6/22/73. Weekly readings were temporarily discontinued after 7/1/73.
l (h) Reading not recorded.
l (1) Recorder out of service from June 28, 1973 to July 30, 1973 due to lighter.ing damage.
(j) Recorrer was out of service 8/2 - 8/5/73.
FIGURE 1.1 i
GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN AIR PARTICULATE l
S AMPLES FOR GROUP I - STATIONS 1 A,1B & 2 l
~
AND HARRISBURG, PA.
l l'each Bot tom Unit 2 P RE-OP OPER.
K EPA Field Laboratory Measurement Measurement A
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!!AXIMUM WEEKLY VALUE O
MONTHLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM WEEKLY VALUE 4
LESS THAN VALUE O
MONTHLY MEAN VALUE HARRISBURG, PA. -LPA DATA 001 12/31 1/28 2/24 4/1 4/27 6/3 7/1 7/29 9/1 9/30 10/28 12/2 12/29
FIGURE 1.2 GROSS BETA RADI0 ACTIVITY IN AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES FOR GROUP II - STATIONS 3A, 4A, 4B, 5, 6B, 14, 15, 17, 31 6 32 FAXIMUM WEEKLY VALUE O
MONTHLY MEAN VALUE I.0 MINIMUM WEEKLY VALUE 4
LESS TIIAN VALUE l
l Peach Bottom Unit 2 3
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FIGUPI 1.3 GROSS BETA RADI0 ACTIVITY IN AIR PARTICULATE SAMPLES FOR GROUP III - STATIONS 12A 6 12D AND TRENTON, N.J.
EPA Field Laboratory Measurement Measurement 1'0 E
Y Peach Bottom
~"~
Un,it 2 PRE-OP OPER.
--~
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MONTHLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM WEEKLY VALUE T
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TRENTON, N.J. - EPA DATA I
001 12/31 1/26 3/2 3/30 4/27 6/1 7/2 8/3 8/31 9/28 11/2 11/30 12/28
FIGUPE 2.1 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN PRECIPITATION SAMPLES Peach Bottom f
Unit 2 PRE-OP OPER f
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MONTHLY VALUE - STATION 4M 4
I.ESS THAN VALUE 0.1 Stations IA,1B 1/4 2/1 3/1 3/29 5/3 5/31 6/28 8/2 8/30 10/4 11/1 11/29 1/3 Station 4M 1/7 2/4 3/4 4/1 5/6 6/3 7/1 8/5 9/1 10/7 11/4 12/2 1/6
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FIGURE 2.2 MONTHLY MEAN SURFACE DENSITY OF GROSS BETA.RADI0 ACTIVITY IN j
PRECIPITATION SAMPLES 1
)
l Peach Bottom Unit 2 l
1 PRE-OP OPER.
N J
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MONTHLY MEAN VALUE - STATIONS 1A & IB MONTHLY VALUE - STATION 1B O
MONTHLY VALUE - STATION 4'I 4
LESS THAN VALUE 10 I
Stations 1A,1B 1/4 2/1 3/1 3/29 5/3 5/31 6/28 8/2 8/30 10/4 11/1 11/29 1/3. ~
Station 4M 1/7 2/4 3/4 4/1 5/6.
6/3 7/1 8/5 9/1 10/7 11/4 12/2 1/6 i
e.
FIGURE 3.1 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS ALPHA RADIOACTIVITY IN SLTRFACE WATER SAMPLES SOLUBLE FRACTION Peach Bottom Unit 2 PRE-OP OPER'.
z y
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+
STATION 6A (HOLTWOOD DAM)
I
.01 1/7 2/4 3/4 4/1 S/6 6/3 7/1 8/5 9/1 10/7 11/4 12/2
FIGURE 3.2 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS ALPHA RADIOACTIVITY IN SURFACE WATER SAMPLES INSOLUBLE FPACTION I
I Peach Bottom Unit 2 l
1 i
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+ 2a ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONmLY VALUE
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LESS THAN VALUE b
MINIMUM BELOW GRAPH SCALE
- O - STATION 4F (CONOWINGO DAM)
--O--- STATION 6 A (HOLTWOOD DAM)
.01 I/7 2/4 3/4 4/1 5/6 6/3 7/1 8/5 9/1 10/7 11/4 12/2
d FIGURE 3.3 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS Beta RAQI0 ACTIVITY IN SURFACE WATER SAMPLES SOLUBLE FRACTION
+ 2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHLY VALUE
- 2(" ERROR OF ANALYSIS l
4 LESS THAN VALUE 4
MINIhUM BELOW GRAPH SCALE
- <)-
STATION 4F (CONOWINGO DAM)
--O---
STATION 6A (HOLTWOOD DAM)
I l
Peach Bottom Unit 2 I
1 PRE-OP OPER.
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FIGURE 3.4 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADI0 ACTIVITY IN SURFACE WATER SAMPLES INSOLUBLE FRACTION
+ 2a" ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHLY VALUE
- 2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS 4
LESS THAN VALUE f
MINIMUM BELOW CRAPH SCALE I
I I
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---C}--
STATION 6A (HOLTWOOD DAM)
Peach Bottom Unit 2 PRE-OP OPER.
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FIGUPI 3.5 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA "ADI0 ACTIVITY IN SURFACE AND DISCHARGE WATER SAMPLES SOLUBLE FRACTION
+ 2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHLY VALUE
~2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS 4
LESS THAN VALUE A
MINIMUM BELOW GRAPH SCALE
-O-STATION IP (#1 INTAKE)
---C STATION IP. (#1 DISCHARGE) l P RE-OP.,OPER.
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FIGURE 3.6 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN I
SURFACE AND DISCHARGE WATER SAMPLES INSOLUBLE FRACTION
+ 2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHIY VALUE
-2 r ERP.'.9 O F AM.', LYSIS 4
LESS THAN VALUE J,
MINIMUM BELOW GRAPH SCALE
-O-STATION IP (#1 INTAKE)
--G--
STATION 1P (#1 DISCHARGE) 10
' PRE-OP ' 10PER.
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FIGURE 3.7 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN SURFACE AND DISCHARGE WATER SAMPLES SOLUBLE FRACTION
+2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHLY VALUE
-2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS LESS THAN VALUE E
MINIMUM BELOW GRAPH SCALE
-O-STATION 1Q (#2 INTAKE)
--O--
STATION IM (CANAL DISCHARGE) 10 O
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FIGURE 3.8 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN SURFACE AND DISCHARGE WATER SAMPLES
' INSOLUBLE FRACTION I
I I
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+2a ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
MONTHLY VALUE
-2r ERROR OF ANALYSIS O
4 LESS W AN VAI,UE
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FIGURE 4.1 MONTHLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF GROSS BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN WELL WATER SAMPLES Peach Bottom
- ' Unit 2 PRE-OP OPER.
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Zw Uzou MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE O
MONTHLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE L'ESS THAN VALUE D- -
STATIONS 1U & IV STATION 28 O- -
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FIGURE 7.1 QUARTERLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF NET BETA RADI0 ACTIVITY IN FISH SAMPLES Peach Bottom Unit 2 s
a P RE-OP OPER.
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$-] 4 ___+__ + Z O F-- <C O' F-Zw U Z O U MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE O QUARTERLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE 4 LESS THAN VALUE A STATION IW - O - STATION 1X --O-- STATION 4I - O- - STATION 4J g INCLUDES VALUE FROM SAMPLES COLLECTED DURING PERIOD BETWEEN ARROWS l.O n 3/8 3/23 6/26 9/5 9/18 11/27 12/12 6/27 12/3
FIGURE 7.2 OUARTERLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF NET BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN FISH SAMPLES l l Peach Bottom Unit 2 .8 g P RE-OP OPER. l n T. 0 .5 e u O Q. v Z O IC O O-" 6 4 I 4 p <C [ ~~ W Z uJ U Z O U MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE O QUARTERLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE f LESS THAN VALUE ---O--- STATIONS 4I & 4J - -O- - STATION 6C l.0 3/8 3/23 6/11 6/26 9/5 9/18 10/14 11/27
i FIGURE 7.3 QUARTERLY MEAN CONCENTRATION OF l NET BETA RADIOACTIVITY IN FISH SAMPLES i ~~~ Peach Bottom Unit 2 i i P RE-OP ' OPER. ^ I W< 0 NU h__ O l O y z O H-cC E F-10 "O h-- F zw U Z O U MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE O QUARTERLY MEAN VALUE MINIMUM INDIVIDUAL VALUE f LESS THAN VALUE - -O- - STATION 25C (PEQUEA CREEK) - --O-- STATIONS 30A & 30B (PETERS CREEK) l !.O 3/23 6/7 6/28 9/24 11/27}}