ML20235N490
| ML20235N490 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Issue date: | 01/31/1989 |
| From: | Bernero R NRC OFFICE OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL SAFETY & SAFEGUARDS (NMSS) |
| To: | Martin R NRC OFFICE OF INSPECTION & ENFORCEMENT (IE REGION IV) |
| References | |
| REF-WM-3 NUDOCS 8903010243 | |
| Download: ML20235N490 (4) | |
Text
4 DM/09 JAN $ 11989 i MEMORANDUM FOR:
Robert D. flartin, Administrator Region IV FROM:
Robert M. Bernero, Acting Director Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards
SUBJECT:
RELEASE OF DRAFT REGULATORY GUIDE ON DECOMf1ISSIONING TO NORTHERN STATES P0llER COMPANY I hereby authorize release of the latest available working draft of " Format and Content of Deconnissioning Plans for 10 CFR Parts 30, 40, and 70 Licensees" to Northern States Power Company (NSP), to assist them in preparing an application for dismantlement of their Pathfinder facility, provided that the transmittal letter with all enclosures:
1) is placed in the PDR and docket file so as to be generally available to the public; and 2) has a caveat to reflect the preliminary nature of the subject working draft The release will assist HSP in preparing a complete application, and thereby minimize NRC staff review time. There is nothing in the draft guide that is confidential or controversial, and it has been modified to reflect internal NRC comments from NMSS and the Regions. A copy of the subject working draft is enclosed.
(Signed) Robert M. Beinuo Robert M. Bernero, Acting Director Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards
Enclosure:
As stated cc: William L. Fisher, Region IV Richard L. Bangart, Region IV Distribution:
Ce'; tral File HMSS rf LLTB rf D. Martin M. Bell J. Surmeier P. Lohaus J. Greeves T. Johnson G. Arlotto/RES Directors r/f PM p ff Sud d 'f14.4.2
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SUBJECT:
~RELEASEOFDRAFTREGULATORYGUIDEONDECOMMISS10 PING-TO NORTHERN STATES POWER COMPANY I hereby authorize release of the latest available working dra ( of " Format and Content of Deconsnissioning Plans for 10 CFR Part 30, 40, d 70 Licensees" to Northern States Power Company (NSP), to assist them in p paring an application for dismantlement _of their Pathfinder facili provided that the transmittal letter with all enclosures is:
i 1)' placed in the PDR and docket file so as to generally available -
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_2) cavented to reflect the preliminary nature of the subject working -
draft The release will assist NSP in preparing a c9mplete ap)11 cation, and thereby 1
minimize NRC staff review tine. There is nothing in tie draft guide that is confidential or controversial, and it has b'een modified to reflect internal hRC consnents from NMSS and the Regions. d copy of the subject working draft is enclosed.
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Hugh L. Thompson, Jr., Director
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Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, NMSS
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(/g$89://yf[89: [/2 9 / /89: / /89 DATE: / /6/89 : L,3Ge gy j 4Lp.lfav f,,y,,,,) 0FFICIAL RECORD COPY 'n'. M ch.a fp \\ Division 3 Task CE 304-4 February 1988 FORMAT AND CONTENT OF DECOMMISSIONING PLANS FOR 10 CFR PARIS 30, 40, AND 70 LICENSEES e r i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION............................................................ 1 1. General............................................................. 1 2. Purpose and Applicability.......................................... 2 3. Format............................................................. 3 CONTENT OF DECOMMISSIONING PLAN........................................, 4 1. General Information................................................ 4 2. Description of Planned Decommission Activities..................... 4 2.1 Decommissioning Objective, Activities, Tasks and Schedules..... 4 2.1.1 Decommissioning Objective, Activities, and Tasks....... 4 2.1.2 Description............................................ 4 2.1.3 Procedures............................................. 5 2.1.4 ~ Schedules.............................................. 5 2.2 Decommissioning Or 5 Training.........ganization and Responsibilities.............
- 2. 3 5
2.4 Contractor Assistance......................................... 6 3. Description of Methods Used for Protection of Occupational and Public Health and Safety........................................... 6 3.1 Facility Radiological History Information..................... 6 3.2 Ensuring that Occupational Radiation Exposures are As Low As Is Reasonably Achievabl e ( ALARA).............................. 7 3.3 Health Physics Program........................................ 8 3.4 Contractor Personnel.......................................... 9 3.5 Radioactive Waste Management.................................. 9 4. Proposed Final Radiation Survey Plan............................... 10 5. Funding............................................................ 10 i 6. Physical Security Plan and Material Control and Accounting Plan Provisions in Place During Decommissioning..................... 11 l IMPLEMENTATION...................................................... 12 l REFERENCES.............................................................. 12 VALUE/ IMPACT STATEMENT.................................................. 13 APPENDIX 1, Form NRC-314................................................ 15 APPENDIX 2, Format of Decommissioning Plan.............................. 17 l l l e u-INTRODUCTION 1. General Section 30.36, " Expiration and Termination of Licenses," of 10 CFR Part 30, " Rules of General Applicability to Domestic Licensing of Byproduct Material"; Section 40.42, " Expiration and Termination of Licenses," of 10 CFR Part 40, " Domestic Licensing of Source Material"; and Section 70.38, " Expiration and Termination of Licenses," of 10 CFR Part 70, " Domestic Licensing of Special Nuclear Material," require, in part, all holders of specific licenses to submit a completed Form NRC-314 when they decide to terminate the license. (A copy of Form NRC-314 is provided in Appendix I) On June 27, 1988 (53 FR 24018), the Commission published amendments to its regulations, including 10 CFR Parts 30, 40, and 70, prescribing specific criteria for decommissioning nuclear facilities, effective July 27, 1988. Amended Sections 30.36, 40.42, and 70.38 require certain licensees to submit, on or before the license expiration date, a plan for completing decommissioning when the licensee decides to terminate the license. In particular, those sec-tions require a licensee to submit a plan for completion of decommissioning if the procedures necessary to carry out decommissioning have not been previously approved by the NRC and could increase potential health and safety impacts to workers or to the public such as in any of the following cases: (1) Procedures would involve techniques not applied t-outinely during cleanup or maintenance operations; or (2) Workers would be entering areas not normally occupied where surface con-tamination and radiation levels are significantly higher than routinely encountered during operation; or (3) Procedures could result in significantly greater airborne concentrations of radioactive materials than are present during operation; or 1 l 1 i (4) Procedures could result in significantly greater releases of radioactive material to the environment than those associated with operation. For instance, large manufacturers under Part 30, uranium hexafluoride producers under Part 40, and processors and fuel fabricators under Part 70 would be in-cluded under this requirement. Broad scope materials programs licensed pursuant to 10 CFR Part 30, panoramic indicators, and large scale well-logging operations licensed under 10 CFR Part 30 may also require submittal of a decommissioning plan. In some cases, licenses presently contain a specific condition that requires submittal of a decommissioning plan. For clarification, it is noted that the term " decommissioning plan" refers to the plan submitted at the time the licensee decides to terminate the license. Guidance on preparation of this decommissioning plan is presented in this draft regulatory guide. The term " decommissioning funding plan" refers - ~ to the plan submitted early in facility life which indicates the applicant's or licensee's financial assurance provisions. Guidance on the decommissioning funding plan, including cost estimates and acceptable funding methods, is contained in separate regulatory guidance in preparation. Any information collection activities mentioned in this draft regulatory guide are contained as requirements in 10 CFR Parts 20, 30, 40, and 70, which provide the regulatory basis for this guide. The information collection requirements in 10 CFR Parts 20, 30, 40, and 70 have been cleared under OMB Clearance Nos. 3150-0014, 3150-0017, 3150-0020, and 3150-0009, respectively. 2. Purpose and Applicability This draft regulatory guide, developed in conjunction with the amendments to the regulations concerning decommissioning, would be applicable to certain licensees, as discussed above in Section 1, when they decide to permanently discontinue all licensed activities involving nuclear materials. The purpose of the guide is to identify the information needed by the NRC staff for evalua-tions involving decommissioning. The guide also provides a format for submit-ting this information. Conformance with this guide is not required, but its use will facilitate preparation of a decommissioning plan by licensees and 2 timely, uniform review by the NRC staff. A different format will be acceptable to the staff if it provides an adequate basis for approval of a decommissioning plan. The guidance is appropriate for use in license amendm ts to partially clean up a nuclear facil'ity and release that part for unresti cted use at a time other than at the decommissioning of the facility as a whole, e.g., cleanup of separate buildings. The amended sections of the decommissionary rule (S30.36(b), 40.42(b), 70.38(b)) require each licensee to notify the Commission promptly, in writing and request termination of license when the licensee decides to terminate all activities involving material authorized under the license. This notification and request for termination of the license must include a decommissioning plan if required as noted in Section 1 above. Because the amendments on decommissioning require approval of a decommis-sioning plan before starting decommissioning procedures and review and approval may take several weeks, it is recommended that the plan be prepared and submitted as soon as residual radioactive contamination has been assessed. If the information requested in such sections as 2.1.3, 2.3, 3.2, 3.3, and 6 is the same as or similar to information currcntly required under the license, only changes need to be submitted. Information contained in previous submittals, statements, or reports filed under the license may be incorporated by reference, provided the reference is clear and specific. However, some cases may occur (e.g., Sections 2.1.3 and 3.5) in which a license amendment may be required to effect a change. It is recommended that the licensee consult with the NRC staff when preparing a decommissioning plan. 3. Format Guidance Sn graphic presentations of data and the physical specifications, printing, binding, page numbering, and table of contents of the document being submitted are contained in Appendix 2. Guidance on procedures for updating or revising pages is also contained in Appendix 2. l l 3 L CONTENT OF DECOMMISSIONING PLAN 1. General Information The licensee'.s name and address and the appropriate numbers of the licenses to be terminated should be furnished. 2. Description of Planned Decommissioning Activities The amended sections of the rule on decommissioning require that a decommissioning plan, if submitted, contain a description of planned decommissioning activities. This section describes the information that should be submitted to provide an adequate description of those activities. 2.1. Decommissioning Objective, Activities, Tasks, and Schedules 2.1.1 Decommissioning Objective, Activities, and Tasks In this section, the licensee should indicate the decommissioning objective and discuss how the proposed activities and tasks will achieve this objective and the reasoning used to select particular methods to be used in the decommissioning. The licensee should list or tabulate the major activities and tasks
- related to processes, systems, equipment and land to be decommis-sioned.
References 1, 2, and 3 contain information that may be helpful in developing a list of decommissioning activities and tasks. References 1-3 and Reference 9 contain listings of examples of tasks and activities involved in decommissioning of materials facilities. 2.1.2 Description A description and an analysis of the proposed methods for accomplishing the activities and tasks listed in paragraph 2.1.1 should be presented. The description should include a discussion of historical information on operational j occurrences that could adversely affect decommissioning safety (see Section 3.1),
- For purposes of this guide, an activity is an organized unit of work for per-l forming a function and may consist of several tasks.
A task is a specific work l assignment or job. l 4 1 ] the current assessment of residual radioactive contamination, and potential accidents that could have a significant impact on decommissioning safety. The analyses should show that decommissioning can be accomplished in a safe manner. 2.1. 3 Procedures The licensee'should state a commitment to conduct decommissioning activities-and tasks in accordance with approved written procedures. The. control system that ensures that written procedures are prepared, reviewed, revised, approved, and implemented should be described. 2.1.4 Schedules For major activities, the relationship between activities and tasks should be shown. The schedules for accomplishing interrelated activities and tasks - should be presented. Schedules or diagrams should clearly indicate the esti ' mated time for completion of decommissioning. 2.2 Decommissioning Organization and Responsibilities A description of the organization and responsibilities with respect to the overall project should be described. Positions with responsibilities related to decommissioning safety should be identified and their functions described. The minimum qualifications for these positions should be presented. The discussion should address the l project team, decommissioning manpower, worker health and safety training, and the use, control, and management of subcontractors. l 2.3 Training l I l i l A description of the training program, including general and specific radiological safety training, for operators, contractor personnel, and other personnel should be presented. This section should also contain a description of the system for maintaining records of trained personnel. { 5 l 2.4 Contractor Assistance The licensee may choose to accomplish some or all decommissioning activities and tasks by using contr' actors. However, the responsibility for safety during decommissioning rests with the licensee. For each contract, the scope of work, the contractor qualifications to perform work with radioactive material, admin-istrative controls to be used to ensure adequate health and safety protection, and the relationship of the contracted work to the schedule for other activities 3 should be described. The licensee should indicate which activities will be performed under subcontractor license 5 and indicate the name, address, and license number of the subcontractor. 3. Description of Methods Used for Proter' ion of Occupational and Public Health and Safety The amended sections of the rule on decommissioning require that a decom-missioning plan contain a description of the methods used to assure protection of workers and the environment against radiation hazards during decommissioning. This section describes the information that should be presented to provide an adequate description of these methods. The licensee should include both admin-istrative and technical issues in the descriptions. 3.1 Facility Radiological History Information If a decommissioning plan is required, the licensee should describe historical information that should be reviewed and dealt with in the decommis-sioning planning to assure worker safety. This information is of two types: one is related to an indication of where in the facility radioactive work has been performed; and the other is related to operational occurrences resulting ( l in contamination that could have an affect on decommissioning safety. With regard to the first type of information, the plan should include a list of all locations in the facility where any radioactive work was ever per-formed, what material was involved, a description of the operations performed and typical radiation and contamination levels during those operations. Maps and drawings of the facility showing all modifications made to radiological work sites during the life of the facility should be included. 6 l ~ With regard to operational occurrences, such things as spills, releases, or other accidents that resulted in significant residual radioactive contamination should be included in the plan. The licensee should also describe system and equipment d'esign, includ'ing modification or revision, in high-radiation areas and for locations of normally inaccessible systems and equipment that may be contaminated, and any areas of the site that may be excessively contaminated. This type of information can be obtained from plant records and personnel familiar with the plant operations. This information is important to safety and should be considered when preparing plans for decommissioning (see S ction 2.1.2). Radiation levels of contaminated systems, structures, and components should be established. It is recognized that at the time of submittal complete information may not be available. However, sources of radiation that are the basis for radiation protection should be described. Information in this section should be updated as additional radiation surveys are made. Radiation sources should be described by isotopic composition and gamma ray energy groups, strength [ (curie content), and geometry. Major sources of radioactivity should be located on plant layout drawings. For all sources, the model(s) and parameters for calculating the source magnitudes should be provided. (The decommissioning rule amendments require that this type of information be kept in an identified location; see amended Sections 30.35(g), 40.36(f), and 70.25(g).) 3.2 Ensuring that Occupational Radiation Exposures are As Low As is Reasonably Achievably (ALARA) The licensee should state the policy for keeping individual and collective occupational radiation exposure ALARA during decommissioning. Management posit-ions responsible for radiation protection and maintaining occupational exposure ALARA during decommissioning should be described. If a licensee can demonstrate that an existing ALARA plan or other radiation protection program includes the ALARA information of this section, a separate ALARA plan for decommissioning would not be needed. Alternatively, the licensee can indicate modifications to the existing ALARA plan, or radiation protection program, or to an existing ALARA plan for decommissioning to provide the information in this section. 7 This section should contain a description of methods for occupational radiation protection. It should provide information on equipment, special. techniques, and practices that will be used by the licensee in meeting the 1 standards for protection' against radiation of 10 CFR Part 20, including ALARA. This would include, for example, a work activity control program to minimize worker exposure (including the criteria for issuing and terminating radiation work permits), a program for controlling sources and minimizing spread of con-tamination (see Section 3.3), a respiratory protection program to determine hazards and provide appropriate equipment (see Section 3.3), and a program to control the handling and storage of radioactive material. 3.3 Health Physics Program The organization health physics program to be in effect during decommis-sioning should be described. The authority and responsibility of each position should be identified. The program should include quality assurance provisions' such as audits, inspections, or management reviews. The criteria for selection of equipment and instrumentation for performing radiation and contamination surveys, personnel monitoring, and special instru-ments for detection of low levels of radiation should also be provided in this section and the types of instruments to be used should be described. The use, storage, calibration, testing, and maintenance for these instruments should be described. The purpose (e.g., personnel monitoring, radiation surveys), range, and sensitivity should be described for each type. l The policy, methods, frequency, and procedures for effluent monitoring, conducting radiation surveys, and personnel monitoring (including internal and external dosimetry systems) should also be described. The anticipated use of respiratory protection should be explained. Methods for contamination control should be described. This would include anticontamination clothing and control of access to restricted areas. It would also include ventilation systems for containment of airborne radioactive contamination (including anticipated use of special and temporary ventilation systems) and the program for determining airborne radioactivity in work areas such as locations of air samples, types of equipment, and frequency of sampling and analyses. l 8 ) c Where: appropriate,'only changes to an_ existing program need be included. However, if this is done, the decommissioning plan should clearly' indicate the-contents of the existing program and also present the additional information described ii) this section. In. addition to the information developed in Section 3.1 regarding I radiation levels present as a result of facility operations, the health physics program should identify potential sources of radiation or contamination exposure to workers or to the public which are generated by the decommissioning activi-ties themselves. The licensee should specify how these potential sources will be controlled. - 3.4 Contractor Personnel Thelicenseeshoulddescriberadiationprotectionpoliciestobeapplied[ to ensure the safety of contractor personnel when they are working in restricted areas and the means of implementing these policies, in particular with regard to the policies described in Sections 3.2 and 3.3. 3.5 Radioactive Waste Management-Processes and systems to be used for handling, storing, and disposing of radioactive waste should be described...The plan should show how the require-ments of 10 CFR 20.311, 10 CFR Part 61, 10 CFR Part 71, and applicable disposal . site license conditions for processing and disposal of low-level radioactive wastes will be met. The plan should contain a projection of radioactive waste generation. This should include a detailed characterization of the wastes to be generated, with projected volumes, radionuclides concentrations, waste forms and classification, and information on any significant quantities of special wastes such as chelates and mixed waste (i.e., mixed radioactive and hazardous wastes). If radioactive wastes are to be temporarily stored onsite, the quanti-ties of waste, the. expected length of storage, the location of storage areas, radiation levels at access points, and the manner in which positive control will be maintained should be described. If wastes from restricted areas are to be disposed of by land fill or similar methods, the means for demonstrating that criteria for release for unrestricted use are met should be specified (see S 20.302 of 10 CFR Part 20). If mixed waste generation is anticipated, the 9 4 e \\ 1 effectonworkproceduresanddecomm/ssioningscheduleresultingfromcompliance with EPA requirements should be indf:ated. References 1-5 cont'ain information that may be useful in developing the information requested in this Section. 4. Proposed Final Radiation Survey Plan The amended sections of the rule on decommissioning require that the decom-missioning plan, if submitted, contain a description of the planned final radiation survey. This section describes the information that should be sub-mitted to provide an adequate description of the survey procedure. In this chapter, the licensee should describe the plan for demonstrating that the plant and site will meet criteria for release for unrestricted use..' The final radiation survey plan should include (1) the proposed method for ensuring that sufficient data and all equipment, systems, structures, and site are included in the survey (diagrams, plot plans, and layout drawings should be used to facilitate presentation), (2) a description of and data on background radiation, (3) the type, specifications, and operating conditions of instruments to be used, and (4) methods to be used for reviewing, analyzing, and auditing data. Information on details of survey methods and procedures is contained in Reference 6. The final radiation survey plan should demonstrate that a reasonable effort has been made to eliminate residual radioactive contamination. (Reference 7 contains a discussion of license termination procedures). It should be designed so that results and interpretations can be verified by the NRC inspection staff. The licensee must explicitly describe the radiation and con-tamination levels which are acceptable for releasing the facility for unrestricted use and provide a justification if they are different for existing or accepted guidance (current guidance on residual radioactivity levels is contained in Reference 7). 5. Fundina As discussed in Section 1 of the Introduction, the amended rule Sections 30.36, 40.42, and 70.38 contain requirements for decommissioning plans. Included 10 \\ in those sections is a requirement that the decommissioning plan contain the following: "An updated detailed cost estimate for decommissioning, comparison of that estimate with present funds set aside for decommissioning, and a plan for assuring the availability of adequate funds for completion of decommissioning." Certain licensees, in accordance with Sections 30, 35, 40.36, and 70.25 of the amended rule, have previously presented a cost estimate for purposes of estab-lishing a fund for decommissioning. Other licensees have presented a certifi-cation that an amount of funds prescribed in the rule has been set aside, while other licensees have not previously been required to present any formal infor-mation to the NRC with regard to funding. (Explanation of funding provisions will be contained in separate regulatory guidances in preparation (Ref. 8, 9). Licensees who have previously submitted a cost estimate should present an updated cost estimate as part of the decommissioning plan, while licensees who previously submitted either a certification or who made no formal submittal must also now submit a detailed cost estimate as part of their decommissioning plan. In all' cases the estimates should be based on the detailed information submitted in. Sections 2-4 of this plan. References 1, 2, and 3 contain information that can be adopted to the individual case. More detailed guidance on preparing decom-missioning cost estimates is contained in Regulatory Guide 3.XX (Ref. 9). The licensee is to show how adequate funds for the completion of decommis-sioning will be made available. A comparison of the cost estimate made in this section with present funds is to be provided. If there is a deficit in present funding, the licensee should include a description of how sufficient funds for decommissioning will be made available. Guidance on acceptable funding methods l is contained in Regulatory Guide 3.XX (Ref. 8). ) l 6. Physical Security Plan and Material Control and Accounting Plan Provisions in Place During Decommissioning If applicable, a description of and a schedule for any proposed changes to the NRC-approved physical security plan and special nuclear material control and accounting plan should be provided in this section. If not appli-cable, a notation to this effect should be entered in this section. 11 l IMPLEMENTATION i The purpose of this section is to provide information to applicants regarding the NRC staff's plans for using this regulatory guide. Except in those cases in which an applicant proposes an acceptable alter-native method for complying with specified portions of the Commission's regu-lations, the methods described in this guide will be used in the evaluation of decommissioning plans for 10 CFR Parts 30, 40 and 70 licensees. REFERENCES 1. H. K. Elder and D. E. Blahnik, " Technology, Safety, and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Uranium Fuel Fabrication Plant," prepared for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), NUREG/CR-1266, October 1980.* 2. E. S. Murphy, " Technology, Safety, and Costs of Decommissioning Reference Non-Fuel-Cycle Nuclear Facilities," prepared for the NRC by PNL, NUREG/CR-1754, February 1981, and addendum 1, to be published. 3. H. K. Elder, " Technology, Safety, and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Uranium Hexafluoride Conversion Plant," prepared for the NRC by PNL, NUREG/CR-1757, October 1981.* t 4. H. K. Elder, " Technology, Safety, and Costs of Decommissioning Reference Nuclear Fuel Cycle. Facilities, Classification of Decommissioning Wastes," Prepared for the NRC by PNL, NUREG/CR-4519, May 1986 5. "0nsite Disposal of Radioactive Wastes," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-1101, November 1986.
- Referenced NUREG-series reports are available, under the decommissioning document file number 43 FR 10370, for inspection and copying for a fee at the Commission's Public Document Room, 2120 L Street, NW., Washington, DC.
NUREG-series reports are available for purchase from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161. 12 6. " Recommendations for Measuring Residual Radioactivity for Decontamination and Decommissioning," Prepared for the NRC by PNL, NUREG/CR-XXX, to be published. 7. Regulatory Guide 3.XX, " Decontamination of Facilities and Equipment Prior to Release of Unrestricted Use and Termination of Licenses for Byproduct, Source, or Special Nuclear Material," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, to be published. 8. Regulatory Guide 3.XX, " Standard Format and Content of Decommissioning Funding Plan and Certifications," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, to be published. 9. Regulatory Guide 3.XX, " Acceptable Methods of Estimating Costs of Decommissioning 10 CFR Parts 30, 40, and 70 Facilities," U.S. Nuclear ~ Regulatory Commission, to be published. VALUE/ IMPACT STATEMENT A draft value/ impact was published with the draft guide when the guide was published for comment. No changes are necessary, so a separate value/ impact i statement for the active guide has not been prepared. A copy of the draft value/ impact is available for inspection, and copying for a fee, in the Com-ission's Public Document Room at 2120 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20555. i 13 I 4 4 ) l i Leave blank J \\ \\ l l l D = l l l 4 l l 14 l A l l l 1 1 1 1 2 l l APPENDIX 1 Form NRC-314 15 .. - o ( Leave blank i 9 16 .a 1 I l. APPENDIX 2 1 Graphic Presentations Graphic presentations such as drawings, maps, diagrams, sketches, and tables f should be employed where the information may be presented more adequately or .) conveniently by such means. Due concern should be taken to ensure that all { information so presented is legible, that symbols are defined, and that scales l are not reduced to the extent that visual aids are necessary to interpret per-tinent items of information. These graphic presentations should be located in the section where they are primarily discussed. References used should appear either as footnotes to the page where dis-cussed or at the end of each chapter. Physical Specifications a. Paper size (1) Text pages: 8-1/2 x 11 inches. (2) Drawings and graphics: 8-1/2 x 11 inches; however, a larger size is acceptable provided the finished copy when folded does not exceed 8-1/2 x 11 inches. b. Paper stock and ink. Suitable quality in substance, paper color, and ink density for handling and reproduction by microfilming or image-copying equipment. c. Page margins. A margin of no less than 1 inch should be maintained on the top, bottom, and binding side of all pages submitted. 17 i .. ~ g i d. Printing (1) Compositi,on: text pages should be single spaced. (2) Typeface and style: should be suitable for microfilming or image-copying equipment. (3) Reproduction: may be mechanically or photographically reproduced. All pages of text should be printed on both sides and the image printed head to head. e. Binding. Pages should be punched for standard 3-hole loose-leaf binders. f. Page numbering. Pages should be numbered with the digits correspond-ing to the chapter followed by a hyphen and a sequential number, e.g., the third page of Section 4 should be numbered 4-3. Do not number the entire report sequentially, g. Table of contents. A table of contents and an index of key items should be included. Procedures for Updating or Revising Pages Data and text should be updated or revised by replacing pages. The changed or revised portion on each page should be highlighted by a " change indicator" mark consisting of a bold vertical line drawn in the margin opposite the binding margin. The line should be of the same length as the portion actually changed. All pages submitted to update, revise, or add pages to the report should l show the date of change and change or amendment number. A guide page listing the pages to be inserted and the pages to be removed should accompany the revised pages. When major changes or additions are made, a revised table of contents should be provided. l i 18 __