ML20215L268
| ML20215L268 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 07000920 |
| Issue date: | 01/01/1986 |
| From: | Feeser H RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, TROY, NY |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20215K820 | List: |
| References | |
| PROC-860101, NUDOCS 8705120165 | |
| Download: ML20215L268 (37) | |
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i RADIATION SAFETY REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURES Part I: 'I6nizing Radiation RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Troy, New York. 12180-3590 f
a 1-1 Office of the Provost
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l id Ilirry J. Jeeser,ActingViceProvostfor Comput13g and Information Technology.
January 1, 1986 Revision 1 i
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Th'is document was prepared for use as a manual of procedures and regulations
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consistent'with the October 1974. change in the radiation safety program at-Ransselaer Polytechnic Institute.
The document will'be revised periodically.
Comments and-suggestions for improving the document itself, uns well as 'the procedures and regulations, are welcome.
Radiation and Nuclear Safety ' Committee D. B. Aulenbach, Chairman R. A. Harper D. E. Wilson N. F. Hepfinger-A. Macica R. W. Hockenbury l
R. M. Ryan, Ex Officio
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I
1.00 Introduction..........................
1 2.00 General Policy'...........
3:00 Administrative Control.......
-2' 3
4.00 Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee.
5.00 Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety...
4.
6.00
' Radiation Installation.......
..........._ 6 7.00 Supervisor of a Radiation Installation.
7 8.00 Personnel Monitoring..
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10 9.00 Licenses and Registrations.
i 10.00 Procurement of Radionuclides and Transportation of Radioactive Katerials.
10 11.00 Special Nuclear Materials 14 12.00 Disposal of Radionuclides
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19 13.00 General Procedures for Radiation Safety........
22 14.00 Emergency Procedures.
24 15.00 Specific Procedures for Radiation Installations
....28 16.00 Radiation Protection Training 30' APPENDICES A
" Personnel Directory," Radiation and Nuclear Safety..
32 B
State Sanitary Code, Chapter 1, Part 16,
" Ionizing Radiation," NYSDH, 7/13/79..........
33' C
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Chapter 1, Part 20, " Standards for Protection Against Radiation,"
U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 1/1/86.
34 i
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I 1.00 Introduction Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has had a formal radiological safety program since shortly after World War II.
The program was established in order that the Institute could qualify for a license to purchase and possess by product material (reactor produced radioisotopes) under the Atomic Energy Act of 1946.
The U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was authorized to issue licenses to qualified applicants.
Licensing requirements for byproduct material are contained in Title 10, Chapter 1, Part 30 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR Part 30). These have been periodically revised and are now part of the rules and regulations of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).
The related rules and regulations for protection against radiation are contained in 10 CFR Part 20.
In 1962, the State of New York became an " agreement state",
i.e., by agreement with the AEC the State was given authority for licensing byproducts material, source material (uranium, thorium and ore containing these two elements), and special nuclear material (plutonium, uranium-233, and uranium enriched in uranium-233 or uranium-235). The licensing provisions and the standards for protection against radiation were set forth in the New York State Sanitary Code, Chapter I, Part 16, " Ionizing Radiation",
Part 16 also contains regulations for non-byproduct material such as radium and for registration and conditions of operation of X-ray equipment.
As of January 1976, the New York State Regulations are contained in Part 16, as amended effective July 13, 1979.
Over the years the Institute's radiological safety program has been modified several times to reflect changes in (1) the number and types of Institute facilities involving ionizing radiation, (2) the State and Federal regulations and (3) the administrative policy of the Institute.
The modifications have been accompanied by variations in the degree to which the administrative control of radiological safety has been centralizcd. The current program is highly centralized.
2.00 General Policy The radiation dose received by any person from external or internal exposure to ionizing radiation in a radiation installation (a controlled area in which radioactive material or machines generating ionizing radiation or both are used) must he held to the lowest possible value consistent with effective use of the installation and must never exceed the legally maximum permissible value.
Every effort should be made to avoid contamination of work areas and, in any case, release or airborne or waterborne radioactivity must never exceed legal limits and every effort should be made to avoid accidental releases.
Disposal of all radioactive waste must be in accordance with procedures contained below I
in Section 12.
The radiation dose received by any person from external or internal exposure to ionizing radiation in a non-controlled area must be held as close to natural background levels as possible and must never exceed the legal maximum permissible level.
2 Legal maximum permissible dose levels are those specified in the current edition of the New York State Department of Health Sanitary Code, Chapter I, Part 16, " Ionizing Radiation" and in Title 10, Part 20, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 20). These two documents have been included as Appendix B end Appendix C, respectively.
They contain definitions of terms used in this docume n t.
Because of their size and frequency of changes they are stand alone documents, but part of these rules.
3.00 Administrative Control The Institute's radiation safety program is within the province of the Office of the Provost and is administered by the Vice Provost for Plans and Resources through the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
In addition, there is a Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee which reports to the Vice Provost.
A Personnel Directory is given in Appendix A.
(An independent Nuclear Safety Review Board, which also reports to the Vice Provost, is specifically responsible for nuclear safety at the Institute's Critical Facility in Schenectady, N. Y. )
The following chart shows the current organization of the Institute'e radiation safety program:
RADIATION SAFETY ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL PROVOST VICE PROVOST COMPUTING AND INFORMATION TECHN0 LOGY COMMITTEES OFFICE OF RADIATION i
RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY INSTALLATION SUPERVISORS (FACULTY OR STAFF) i
)
- RADIATION AND e DIRECTOR
- USERS (FACULTY, NUCLEAR SAFETY STAFF, AND STUDENIS) e ASSISTANT DIRECTOR
- NUCLEAR SAFETY REVIEW BOARD e SECRETARIAL SUPPORT I
- STUDENT HEALTH PHYSICISTS
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4.00 Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee
~4.01 Membership The Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee is appointed by and reports to the Provost (or his designated representative). Members must have experience in the use of radiation and in some aspect of radiation safety.
The Director of Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety (Director of ORNS) is an ex of ficio member of the Committee.
The Chairman is appointed by the Provost (or his designated representative).
The Chairman's responsibilities include:
(1) Calling meetings of the Committee.
(2) Making recommendations to the Provost concerning the size and composition of the Committee.
(3) Preparing reports of Committee activities for the Provost.
Upon recommendation of the Chairman and approval of the Provost, the committee may seek the advice of a consultant having special expertise in some aspect of radiation safety.
4.02 Responsibilities The Committee is charged with:
(1)
Setting Institute policies for radiation and nuclear safety.
(2) Giving such advice and assistance as may be requested by the Director of ORNS.
(3) Giving approval to reactivate an operation involving radiation if such an operation has been stopped by the Director of ORNS.
(4) Evaluating the Institute's overall radiation safety program and the effectiveness of the administration of this program and making a brief written annual report to the Provost.
4.03 Meetings The Committee meets at least bi-monthly during the academic year (September through May). Meetings may be called at any time during the calendar year whenever matters of urgency arise, as determined by the Provost, the Chairman or the Director of ORNS. Guests may attend meetings at the invitation of the Chairman.
In the event that meetings are held in the absence of the Chairman, a Chairman pro tem will be selected from the attending members.
The Committee holds some of its meetings at Institute radiation facilities for the purpose of inspecting the f acilities and providing the members with a first-hand knowledge of each facility.
The committee attempts to visit each f acility at least once a year.
4 Minutes of meetings are distributed to the members, the Provost (or his designated representative.), the Assistant Director of ORNS and to the Chairman of the Nuclear Safety Review Board.
5.00 Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety The Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety was established to facilitate.
implementation of Institute policy and procedures on radiation safety.
It is staf fed by a Director and an Assistant Director.
The Of fice has instrumentation for surveillance of sources of ionizing radiation and provides a periodic survey service for the Institute Radiation Installations.
The Director of ORNS is an individual engaged in the study of problems and practices of providing radiation protection.
He is concerned with an understanding of the mechanics of radiation damage; with development and implementation of methods and procedures necessary to evaluate radiation hazards; and with providing protection to humans and their environment f rom unwarranted radiation exposures.
He has the authority to stop an operation of any kind if a radiation hazard to personnel exists, if Institute property is endangered, or neglect of Institute policies is observed.
He is an ex officio member of the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee and the Nuclear Safety Review Board.
5.01 Responsibilities of the Director (1) Assure that the radiation safety regulations set forth in these procedures are complied with.
(2) Assure conformance to appropriate regulations of all government agencies concerned with radiation and nuclear safety, including fulfillment of all necessary report requirements.
(3) Carry out the policies and recommendations concerning radiation and nuclear safety established by the Institute Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee throughout the Institute.
(4)
Personally investigate any radiological incident or accident, render a written report to the Committee, and render appropriate reports to federal, state or local agencies as required by regulation.
(5)
Maintain the Institute personnel monitoring program.
(6)
Render assistance in obtaining registration of all radiation producing machines.
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(7) Maintain a record of the registrations of all radiation producing machines.
(8)
Maintain an inventory of all radioactive material purchases and shipments for the Institute, including disposal of all radioactive waste materials.
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5' (9) Maintain Accountability Records for all Special Nuclear Materials.
('10) Perform periodic inspections of laboratories using radiation producing equipment and/or radioactive nuclides and make recommendations for improvement of conditions to conform to Institute policies.
(11) Assume proper control over incoming and outgoing shipments'of radioactive materials.
4 (12) Approve or disapprove purchase orders for radioactive materials and/or radioactive generating devices.
Submit an immediate explanation to the requester in the event of disapproval of such an order.
(13) Report all regulation infractions to'the Committee for appropriate action.
(14) Review for the Committee and other RPI Faculty and Staff the potential radiological hazards of proposed experiments.
4 (15) Report hazardous radiological conditions promptly to the experimenter and the Committee.
(16) Render reports to the Committee relative to his actions.
(17) Keep the Committee on Radiation and Nuclear Safety informed of vil changes in government regulations on radiation safety, licensing and registration, and provide the Committee with copies of all relevant documents.
(18) Inform the Committee on Radiation and Nuclear Safety of any l
occurrence or situation requiring consideration of possible changes in the Institute's regulations and procedures for radiation safety.
4 (19) Order the immediate shutdown of any operation that is hazardous or potentially hazardous.
(20) Provide assistance with respect to radiation safety to any Supervisor of a Radiation Installation at the Institute at the request of the Supervisor.
(21) Provide instructions for staff and students in the proper radiation safety procedures as requested by the Committee or the Institute departments concerned.
(22) Give written approval for each Radiation Installation before the Installation is placed into operation.
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i (23) Serve as Radiation Safety Officer for the-broad: license issued by -
the New York State Department of Health under the State Sanitary; Code, diapter'I, Part 16, " Ionizing Radiation."
r (2 4) Approve Specific Procedures for Radiation Installationss (25) Provide Supervisors of Radiation Installations with copies 'of all appropriate Institute and government regulations on radiation safety, Licensing and registration.
(26) Call a general meeting of all Supervisors of Radiation
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.n Installations whenever he determines that such a meeting will be beneficial to the Institute's Radiation Safety Program..
't (27) Provide emergency radiation safety services.
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(28) Supervise disposal of all radioactive wastes..
i (29) Update and distribute revisions of Appendix A of this documenb l
whenever there are significant changes in the information given j
therein and in any case review the information for accuracy,at.
7 least once a calendar year.
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j (30 Assure proper posting of radiation areas.
i 6.00 Radiation Installation 6.01 De finition i
I A radiation installation is any Institute facility where if -
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(1) radioactive. materials are stored or used or j
(2) there is equipment for generating ionizing radiation or (3) there is a combination of (1) and'(2).'
j 6.02 Initial Establishment i
No Radiation Installation will be placed into operation before the Director of f
ORNS has given written approval.
The Supervisor in charge' of ' the Installation must submit a request for approval, together with a description-of the f acility to include means for denying access -to unauthorized personnel,-
means for continuous or periodic monitoring and the instruments to be.used.
If radioactive materials are to be used, a description must be given also for the means for handling radioactive materials, shielding provided, radioisotopes to be handled in the facility, a list of.the qualifications of the Supervisor in charge of the Installation, and a. list of = persons who may be exposed to ionizing radiation in the facility.
l 6.03 Modifications of Facilities i-l-
Any proposed change in the Installation such as location or energy level.of radiation operating equipment, in the kind or amount of isotopes, 'or in j
personnel must be communicated to the Director of ORNS..
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7 6.04 Specific Radiation Safety Procedures
'Each radiation installation must have a set of specific Radiation' Procedures as described in Section 16.
6.05 Requirements (1) Each Radiation Installation must have appropriate radiation monitoring and survey equipment which is calibrated and maintained in operating condition, and is. available at all times.
(2)
Where radioactivity is involved, suitable means must be available for handling and storage of radioactive waste' (Section 12).
4 (3) Posting requirements specified in the N.Y. State Department of '
Health Sanitary Code, Chapter 1, Part 16, " Ionizing Radiation,"
must be followed.
7.00 Supervisor of a Radiation Installation i
j 7.01 Definition i
The Supervisor of a Radiation Installation is the employee (faculty member or staff member) of Rensselaer Polytechnic' Institute having responsibility for the particular Installation.
For each Radiation Installation the name ~ of the Supervisor must be on file at the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety, and. -
posted at the Installation in a conspicuous location.
l 7.02 Responsibilities (1) Assure that all users of the Installation maintain a day-to-day radiation safety program within their assigned spaces in. compliance-with applicable State regulations (NYSHD-Part 16) and Institute -
policies.
The term " users" refers to all persons who work in the Installation and, therefore, includes the Supervisor, postdoctoral:
associates, graduate students, undergraduate students and l
technicians.
It applies to students using the Installation for a laboratory course or for a research project.
3 (2) Assure that the legal exposure limits are not exceeded and that contamination (personnel, equipment and facilities) is adequately controlled by requiring that all users of the sources of ionizing radiation within the Installation make radiation' surveys and record the results of these surveys. 'These surveys shall include j
swipe tests for radionuclides and. survey meter readings for machines.
(3) Notify the Director of ORNS of any " Reportable Occurrence" immediately and within 3 days provide a written report of the occurrence to the Director of radiation and Nuclear Safety.
Reportable occurrences shall include:
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(a) Any incident involving the use of radioactive materials exceeding 10 pCi beta-gamma emitters or 1 pCi of alpha emitters.
(b) Any incident suspected of exceeding a radiation dose of 100 mrem in one week to any part of the body.
(c) Any incident suspected of causing the release of radioactive l
material to the breathing environment of personnel.
(d) The accidental release of radioactive materials to the sanitary sewer or the exhaust duct system of fume hoods.
(4) Maintain an inventory of the sources of ionizing radiation (radio-nuclides and machines that produce ionizing radiations) in the Installation.
(5) Assure that any person using material or equipment under his supervision is properly qualified.
The Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will render assistance in this area.
(6) Assure that proper personnel monitoring equipment is worn by himself, his personnel, and visitors, as required in Section 8, f
" Personnel Monitoring."
(7) Assure that the necessary appropriate (alpha, beta, gamma, and/or neutron) functional and properly calibrated surveying and monitoring instrumentation is available to his program.
(8) Request from the Director of ORNS that surveys he performed when special cases or problems exist.
(9) Keep the Director of ORNS informed of the scope and proposed changes in his program.
(10) Notify the Coordinator of Physical Facilities by a note on the work order, when work is to be done in an area where radioactive materials or radiation generating equipment is stored or used.
Notify the Director of Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety when such a work order is submitted.
8.00 Personnel Monitoring Personnel monitoring is the process by which an individual is monitored in order to determine the radiation exposure he or she receives.
This is accomplished by the wearing of devices sensitive to the radiations emanating within the installation where the individual has authorized access. The overall process includes periodic distribution and collection of the P
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monitoring devices, processing of the devices to determine the radiation exposure or dose received by the wearers, interpretation and evaluation of the results and maintenance of records.
Any individual receiving an exposure above 100 mR in any week will be notified and interviewed by the Director of ORNS, who may require a formal report from the Supervisor of the Radiation Installation. Jrhe Director of ORNS will also notify the appropriate government agencies of any reportable exposures.
8.01 Personnel Monitoring Devices Devices used for personnel monitoring must be of the integrating type, responsive to the radiations of interest and of sufficient sensitivity to be able to record accurately exposure levels of 1/10 of the radiation protection guides.
(" Accurately" should be i 10% of calibration radiations.)
These devices are obtained by completing form 8.1 and submitting it to the' Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
8.02 Personnel Monitoring Wearing Criteria (1) Each person who may receive a dose in excess of 25 mrem per week must wear a personnel monitoring device.
(2)
Each person who has occasion to enter a high radiation area (greater than 100 mrem per hour) must wear a personnel monitoring device.
(3) Personnel monitoring devices are changed on a monthly basis or as deemed necessary by the Director of ORNS.
(4) Personne' monitoring devices recording whole body exposure must he worn between the waist and neck and on the front of the trunk of the body.
(5) Other regions of the body (i.e.,
the extremities) may he monitored but only by devices explicitly provided for the purpose.
Devices provided for whole body monitoring must not be used for this purpose.
These devices will be supplied upon request by the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(6) These personnel monitoring devices must be worn at all times when the individual (user, workman, or visitor) is within any Radiation Installation where monitoring devices are required (Sections 1 a'nd 2, above) on the Institute's campus or satellite facilities.
(7) A protected repository in a secure non radiation area must be used at each Installation for storing the personnel monitoring device when not being worn.
The Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will supply wall-mounted racks for this purrose upon request.
8.03 Personnel Monitoring Devices - Maintenance The Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety shall be responsible for supplying personnel monitoring devices to users, other employees of RPI and visitors to RPI Radiation Installations at the request of the Installation Supervisor.
I 10 (1) Requests for personnel monitoring devices are made by the Installation Supervisor to the Director of the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(2) Personnel monitoring devices are exchanged on a monthly basis by the personnel of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(3) Records complying with exisitng regulations are maintained by the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(4) Reports complying with existing regulations are prepared by the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
8.04 Personnel Monitoring - Visitors s
(1) All visitors to Radiation Installations must conform to Section' 8.02.
(2) Visitor's devices may be obtained upon request of the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety (form 8.2)
(3) Visitors are required to complete an information form giving name, address, age, social security number and, if possible, previous radiation history. The forms are available from the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(4) Results of visitor personnel monitoring readings are available upon request f rom the Office of radiation and Nuclear Safety.
9.00 Licenses and Registrations Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has been issued a Broad License by the New York State Department of Health to cover the uses of radioactive materials on the RPI campus and satellite facilities.
Rensselaer also maintains a special nuclear materials license issued by the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Each individual wishing to use radioactive material and/or radiation generating devices must make proper applications to the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
The applications and registration requests must be signed by the Department Chairman, Center Director, or appropriate Dean.
The Director of ORNS will provide assistance on all applications.
The " owner" of the facility will serve as Radiation Installa-tion Safety Officer.
Copies of all applications, licenses (when issued), registrations (when issued),
feasibility reports, hazards analyses, etc., must be transmitted to the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety at the time they are submitted to, or received from, any outside agency.
10.00 Procurement of Radionuclides and Transportation of Radioactive Materials Because of the licensing requirements of the New York State Department of Health and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, it is necessary that inventories of radionuclides be maintained by both the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety and the Radiation Installation Supervisors.
The
Form 8.1 11 OFFICE OF RADIATION & NUCLEAR SAFETY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Troy, New York REQUEST FOR TLD-BADGE SERVICE TO:
Fred Mastrianni, Assistant Director Date Office of Radiation & Nuclee.r Safety Please supply TLD badge service of the type noted below to the person named below until further notice.
PLEASE PRINT OR TYPE AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING:
Wearer's Name (Last)
(First)
(Initial)
Social Security Number
_ Date of Birth
(
If no Social Security Number, Student Number Sex Starting Date Terminating Date Badge Type Beta / Gamma or Beta / Gamma neutron Delivery Point Supervisor Department Account to be Charged Has wearer previously worked in a radiation area:
Yes _
No If "yes" give name of employer (s) and dates of employment.
Date Employer Address Form HP-03 (6/17/81)
Authorization Signature
Form 8.2 12 RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OOFFICEOFRADIATIONANDNUC TLD Record Student Name RPI Faculty Staff Department /
Company Use location Address Person visited Social Sec. #
Dates of use: from Dosimeter nur:ter to Calibration curve TLD readings:.100 Interpretation:
600 Beta gamma mrem Neutron mrem 700 Total mrems Date read by RMR-100
13 procedure that must be followed for procurement of radionuclides is given below.
10.01 Procedure for Procurement by RPI Purchase Order (1) The Supervisor of a Radiation Installation in which Tadionuclides are used initiates a purchase requisition for the radionuclide(s) under Rensselaer's Broad License.
(2) The purchase requisition is forwarded to the RPI Purchasing Office.
(3) The RPI Purchasing Office sends the requisition to the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety where a computer inventory check is made on the (a) Radionuclide (b) Requester (c) Licensed quantity (4)
If the inventory allows purchase of the requested radionuclide(s) without exceeding the licensed quantity of the specific radionuclide, the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety approves the requisition and returns it to the Purchasing Office.
(5)
If the proposed purchase will result in an inventory in excess of the quantities stipulated in the license, the requisition is returned to the Requester with the reason why it is not acceptable.
The Requester must revise the requisition and re-submit it to the Purchasing Office.
(6) The Purchasing Office processes a purchase order after receiving approval of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(7) When the shipment arrives at the RPI Receiving Department, that Department notifies the purchaser by telephone and then delivers the material.
The shipment is delivered on the first available RPI vehicle.
If there is visible damage to the container, the shipment will be held at the Receiving Department and the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will be notified.
The package will not be released until examined by staff of the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(8)
The Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will verify all Installation Inventories by yearly providing a computer printout that the Installation supervisor will verify.
10.02 Procurement Other Than RPI Purchase Order No sources of radiation (machines) or radioactive materials may be brought to the RPI campus without prior approval of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety. Verbal requests by a Radiation Installation Supervisor and verbal
14 approval must be immediately followed by written requests and approvals.
As a minimum, approvals require coverage of the source by an existing registration or license.
10.03 Transportation of Radioactive Material Any radioactive material transported from one RPl building to another should be transported in an RPI vehicle.
Arrangements are made with the RPI Physical Facilities by means of RPl Form SD-100.
In addition, Form 10.1 (Page 15), for intra-campus transportation of radioactive material should be completed and attached to the SD-100.
Upon request, the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will provide assistance in completing Form 10.1.
Shipment of radioactive material (including any device containing radioactive material as a sealed source) to an off-campus destination must be arranged with the RPI Physical Facilities and a release must be obtained from the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety and as a minimum must conforn to 49 CFR Parts 1-199 Transportation available in the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
Transportation in privately owned vehicles is discouraged since it is at the vehicle owner's risk and the material must be in a container that meets the U.S. Department of Transportation Regulations set forth in 49 CFR parts 1-199 Transportation.
11.00 Special Nuclear Materials 11.01 Definitions (1) Special Nuclear Materials (SNH)
Applies to plutonium, uranium 233, uranium enriched in the isotope U-233 or in the isotope U-235 and any other material which the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) determines to be special nuclear material but does not include Source Material.
(2) Source Material Any material except special nuclear material which contains by weight 1/20 of 1% (0.05%) or more of (1) uranium, (2) thorium, or (3) any combination thereof.
(3) Radioactive Material Means any material including SNM which undergoes spontaneous disintegration in which energy is liberated either as electromag-netic or particulate radiations and generally resulting in the formation of new nuclides.
These materials can occur naturally or be artifically produced by nuclear reactors or accelerators (including cyclotrons, etc.).
11.02 Applicable Regulations The regulation of special Nuclear Materials is established and criteria for the issuance of licenses to receive title to, own, acquire, deliver, receive, possess, use, transfer, import and export and also to establish and provide terms and conditions of license is outlined 10 CFR 70 Special Nuclear Material.
The physical protection required for those licensed under 10 CFR 70 Special Nuclear Materials is set forth in 10 CFR 73 Physical Protection of Plants and Materials.
This also includes protection while in transit.
Packaging of Radioactive Materials for Transport and Transportation of
15 FORM 10.1 OFFICE OF RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Troy, New York Release for Intra-Campus Transportation of Radioactive Material 6
- 1. Requestfr:
Date:
- 2. Point of Origin: Building Room
- 3. Destination: Building Room
- 4. Location of Use (if different from)): Building Room
- 5. Mode of Transportation:
- 6. Isotope:
Amount:
A Ci/ mci / Ci
- 7. Description of Shipping Container:
- 8. Dose Rate at 3 feet: Unshielded mrem /hr Shielded mrem /hr
- 9. Dos e Rate at Surface: Unshielded mrem /hr Shielded mrem /hr
- 10. Swipe Test:
Inner Container pCi Beta gCi Alpha Outer Surface pCi Beta pCi Alpha Comments :
To be received by:
(2 Requestfr's Signature Copy 1 - Accc.ipanies SD100 to Approved :
Physical Facilitief Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety 2
Shipper (Request /f) 3 - Receiver Date :
4 - To accompany shipment
16 Radioactive Materials Under Certain Conditions is detailed in 10 CFR 71.
Shipments must also conform to Department of Transportation Regulations set forth in 49 CFR 1-199 Transportation.
11.03 Cencral (1) Control and Accountability Special nuclear material shall be maintained under the control of the Director of ORNS. A separate control sheet (Form 11.1) shall be prepared for each source or unique, permanently assembled unit of special nuclear material. The sheet shall list the unit designation, description, leak test data (when appropriate), and inventory dates.
It shall define the present locacion of each unique unit in terms adequate for the licensed User, Department Chairman, or Center Director of the User's Group, to find the unit.
Relocation of a unit shall be done only with the written approval of the Director of ORNS.
(2) Transfers Transfers of special nuclear material is permitted only if the recipient is licensed (by the NRC or an agreement state) to receive that type and quantity of material and shall be in accord with 10 CFR 70.54.
A copy of the license or the Reporting Identification Symbols (RIS) number must be on file in the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety. The Director of ORNS is available for consultation for completing the shipping documents and for assuring that the package meets Department of Transportation (DOT) and NRC requirements.
The Director of ORNS shall assure that the appropriate approvals are received and shall provide the properly signed copies of the form, NRC-741, " Nuclear Material Transfer Report" to the receiver and the DOE.
(3)
NRC Reporting Form NRC-742, " Material Status Reports," shall be prepared in accord with 10 CFR 70.53 by the Director of ORNS for each material type held under all Special Nuclear Material licenses and shall be submitted to the Vice President, Academic Affairs for signature on or before the tenth day of April and October each year.
The signed copies shall be returned to the Director for the distribution and a single copy retained in his files for a period of five years.
(4) Inventory At least once in each twelve month period, the Director of ORNS (or his designated representative) shall perform a physical inventory of all special nuclear material under his control in accord with 10 CFR 70.51.
A physical inventory of sealed sources or of unique, permanently assembled units, shall consist of a visual verification of the identification name or number, and an appropriate measurement of the radiation emitted. Other special nuclear material shall be weighed, the
17 gross weight of the unit or material containing the special nuclear material recorded along with the limits of error expected.
Material unaccounted for shall be determined and compared with the limits defined in 10 CFR 70.51(e).
Missing sources, missing unique, permanently assembled units, and material unaccounted for the quantity of which greatly exceeds the above limits, shall be reported to the Vice President, Academic Affairs and NRC or other appropriate agencies where applicable.
Special nuclear material which can be disassembled or divided into smaller units which are not uniquely identified shall be accounted for by assigning a separate control sheet (Form 11.1) to each smaller unit and noting same on original.
Units shall be in grams, carried to three decimal places when the measurement methods permit.
Measurement methods should be selected to provide at least two decimal places if possible.
Limits of error should be specified and, when reasonable, should be held within the limits defined in 10 CFR 70.51(e).
The Director of ORNS shall sign each inventory verification sheet as certification that the inventory criteria have been met.
11.04 Leak Tests Sealed sources shall be leak tested according to the following instructions except when the unit is out of service and tamper-safed with a suitable seal and secured with a six pin tumbler padlock.
Sources which are found to leak or which show evidence of physical damage (i.e., swelling of sealed sources) shall be withdrawn from service until disposal can be arranged by the Director of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(1) Procedures for Leak Testing Sealed Plutonium Sources (a) Each plutonium source shall be tested for leakage at intervals not to exceed six (6) months.
In the absence of a certificate from a transferor indicating that a test has been made within six (6) months prior to the transfer, the sealed source shall not be put into use until tested.
(b) The test shall be capable of detecting the presence of 0.005 microcurie of alpha contamination on the test sample. The test sample shall be taken from the source or from appropriate accessible surfaces of the device in which the sealed source is permanently or semipermanently mounted or stored.
Records of leak test results shall be kept in units of microcuries and maintained for inspection by the NRC.
Form 11.2 shall be used.
(c)
If the test reveals the presence of 0.005 microcurie or more of removable alpha contamination, the licensee shall immediately withdraw the sealed source from use and shall cause it to be decontaminated and repaired or to be disposed of in accordance with the NRC regulations.
18 (d)
The periodic leak test required by this condition does not apply to sealed sources that are stored and not being used.
The sources excepted from this test shall be tested for leakage prior to any use or transfer to another person unless they have been leak tested within six (6) months prior to the date of use or transfer.
- 11. 05 Licensing (1) New York State License Special nuclear material held under New York State licenses shall be maintained under the control of the Director of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety. Documentation, leak-testing, and physical control shall be performed in the same manner as described above by the licensee. Material Status Reports for the Special Nuclear Material shall be prepared and submitted to the Director of ORNS on or before the first day of April and October of each year, for inclusion in the Institute's Material Status Reports to 6 %
DOE.
(2) Critical Facility License CX-22 Special Nuclear Material held under License CX-22, RPI Critical Facility, shall be under the control of the Reactor Supervisor through the Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
Procedures for documentation and control of the reactor fuel shall be as defined in current amendments to the license CX-22 and as set forth above.
Material Status Reports shall be prepared and submitted to the Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety on or before the first day of April and October of each year, for inclusion in the University's Material Status Report to the DOE.
Pre-startup neutron population levels in the reactor core with the rods full in and the source may be used as positive evidence of the presence of the sealed startup source for inventory purposes.
Otherwise, the inventory requirements defined in 11.03, (4), above a p ply.
(3) NRC Special Nuclear Material Licenses (SNM-910 and CX-22)
Special nuclear material held under NRC SNM licenses shall be maintained under the control of the Director of ORNS.
Docume nta tion, leak-testing, and physical control shall be performed in the same manner as described above by the licensee.
Material Status Reports for the Special Nuclear Material shall be prepared and submitted to the Director on or before the first day of April and October of each year, for inclusion in the University's Material Status Report to the DOE.
11.06 Handling of Plutonim-Bery111m Neutron Sources The following additional precautions must be observed when working with plutonim-beryllim neutron sources:
19 (1) All plutonium-beryllium sources are to be stored in the paraffin drums or the water tanks provided.
(2) Never handle a source directly. Always use tongs or forceps of appropriate length to assure adequate exposure control. The Director of ORNS should be consulted for the safe working distance, and the appropriate time limits for working with each particular neutron source.
(3) When a source is removed from the storage tank, attach the source tag that bears the same number as the source firmly to the source by means of a durable chain or leader.
These tags contain the information required by Federal and State Regulations.
(4) HANDLE SOURCE GENTLY.
Plutonium contamination will spread quickly and could affect the closing of the entire laboratory and cause serious personal exposure problems if the source capsule is damaged.
HANDLE WITH CARE.
(5) Always be sure that sources are returned to their proper storage containers after use.
(6) When source is returned to the storage drum, attach the source tag to the drum.
REHEMBERI YOU ARE PERSONALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SAFEKEEPIBU AND SAFETY ASPECTS OF THE SOURCE WHEN IT IS OUT OF THE STORAGE CONTAINER.
Know what you are doing at all times.
Take nothing for granted.
If you are not sure, ask the Installation Supervisor or the Director of ORNS. You share the tesponsibility for the safety of everyone who works in this area.
12.00 Disposal of Radionuclides Radionuclides for disposal may occur in solid, liquid or gaseous form.
Particular attention must be paid to the physical and chemical properties of these wastes.
It is imperative that the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety be advised of the chemical, physical and toxic hazards associated with these wastes.
It is extremely important that efforts be made by everyone to maintain the quantity of radioactive wastes to a level as low as reasonably achievable.
12.01 Procedure for Disposal of Radioactive Wastes Radionuclides shall be disposed of only in the containers approved by the Of fice of Radiation and N' clear Safety. These containers shall be used only u
for radioactive wastes.
(1) The Requester shall initiate a radiation survey of the radioactive waste by filling out as completely as possible Form 10.1 and mailing it to the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(The staf f of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety is available for assistance in completing the form.)
20 FORM 11.1 RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE RADIATION AND MUCLEAR SAFETY OFFICE OF THE PROVOST Special Nuclear Material Control Records Date Received:
Date Shipped:
RIS Number:
RIS Number:
By:
By:
All Special Nuclear Material shall be returned to the Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety when not in use. The following material is in my custody:
Signature of User:
Exp. Group:
Department Chairman:
A.
- 1. Uranium g rams Depleted kilograms Normal g rams Enriched
% U-235 gm.
U-233 grams (_
%)
- 2. Plutonium grams Isotope grams
- 3. Thorium grams Isotope grams
- 4. Miscellaneous Heavy Water pounds 7
Lithium Hydride Li gm.
Other B.
Physical Forms:
C.
Chemical Forms:
D.
Location of Use:
E.
Security:
F.
Estimated Time of Use:
G.
License #SNM NYSHD
21 FORM 11. 2 INVENTORY VERIFICATION-AND CONTAMINATION CHECK RECORD FOR PLUTONIUM SOURCES Source Identification:
Note: a) At intervals not to exceed six (6) months.
b) Notify Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety upon completion of check.
Surface Inventory Verification Activity Director Gross Weight (alpha)
Date Checked Cus todia n RNS Grams (A Ci)
Comments
22 (2) Waste disposal is initiated by the Requester by submitting an SD-100 form to RPI Physical Facilities requesting transportation of the radioactive waste to a campus Radioactive Waste Storage Area designated by the Director of ORNS.
(3) The RPI Physical Facilities will contact the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety for a copy of the completed Form 10.1 and will move the waste after receiving the copy of Form 10.1.
12.02 Records The radioactive material inventory maintained by the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety will be adjusted to account for material disposed of as waste.
The Supervisor of the Radiation Installation must also adjust his or her inventory of radioactive material. Yearly the inventories of the Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety and the Installation should be verified.
13.00 General Procedures for Radiation Safety 13.01 Radioactive Materials (1) High standards of cleanliness and good housekeeping must be maintained in all laboratories and areas where radioactive material is present.
Eating and smoking in such work areas is to be prohibited.
(2) Extreme personal cleanliness is urged.
Hands and fingernails should be washed carefully and monitored after working with radioactive materials.
Always use rubber gloves and laboratory coats when handling more than ten microcuries of material.
(3) Personnel should monitor themselves with a suitable instrument (GM Type for beat-gamma emitters and/or a sensitve alpha meter for alpha emitters) before leaving the laboratory or work area.
No person or object should leave the laboratory without being monitored and properly decontaminated, if necessary, to assure no spread of contamination or personnel exposure.
(4) Surveys should always be made with a suitable meter before and during work with beta and gamma and/or neutron emitting materials or sources and appropriate time limits set for personnel to assure the maximum permissible dose limits are not exceeded.
Beta, gamma and alpha surveys should be obtained with a suitable meter during the course of such work to assure acceptable contamination control.
(5)
No radioactive solution is ever to be pipetted by mouth.
Suitable pipetting devices must be used.
(6) Whenever practicable, operations with radioactive materials should be conducted in a hood, dry box, or other type of closed system.
Operations with materials susceptible to atmospheric contamination, such as boiling, evaporating, distilling, or ashing must be done in hoods approved by the Director of ORNS. An air flow of approximately 100 linear feet per minute is necessary. Work with powders should be done in a dry box.
Work with unsealed radioactive materials should be done over a tray.
i 23 (7)
It is recommended that working surfaces be covered with absorbent paper.
(8) Each container in which radioactive materials are transported, stored, or used should be labeled " Caution-Radioactive Material."
(9) Any contamination of the body or clothing by radioisotopes must be immediately reported to the Director of ORNS. Accidental contamination of any working area must be clearly marked as to the radioisotope, the area, and the survey meter reading.
(10) When work is completed, each person must assure that his work area and apparatus is cleaned up and arrange for disposal of, or proper storage of, all radioactive material and equipment.
(11) All radioactive materials should be stored, as far as possible, 'in locked, remote areas, behind sufficient shielding to reduce the radiation below 5 mR/hr at surface at the shield. The area must be properly posted.
(12) All radioactive samples, including calibration sources and sealed sources, regardless of strength, should be clearly labeled at all times with the activity, isotope, date of measurement, and the name of the responsible person.
(13) Sealed sources or other material and/or devices generating radiation must be used in a manner such that exposure to oneself and others is minimized.
Consideration must be given to other Persons in the room, behind walls or obstructions, and in other rooms.
(14) A high radiation area must never be lef t unattended in such a manner that persons may unintentionally enter said area.
If a high radiation area is such that persons can enter, the person responsible for said area must naintain continuous surveillance to prevent such entry, remove the radiation source or lock the area to prevent any access.
(15) Whenever air concentrations exceed, or are suspected to exceed, one-third the values specified in Appendix A (New York State Sanitary Code, Chapter 1, Part 16, Appendix 1, Table 4), suitable respiratory protection must be worn.
(16) The following rule should be kept in mind: Work Safely and Use Good Judgment.
(17) Proper containers should be used for storage of radioactive waste.
Liquid waste should be stored separately from solid waste.
Similarly, short-lived and long-lived waste should be separately stored.
Additional precautions should be taken in the storage of radioactive waste that is also toxic and/or flammable, e.g.,
waste from liquid scintillation counting.
24 (18) Rooms and work areas should be properly posted with warning signs and apparatus should be properly labeled with warning labels or tags.
The telephone number of the Of fice' of Radiation and Nuclear Safety shall also be posted.
13.02 Machines That Generate Ionizing Radiation (1)
In critical, sub-critical, and accelerator facilities, a visual check must be made to assure that accelerator, reactor room, etc.
is cleared of all personnel before the equipment is energized.
(2) Entrance to the accelerator room, reactor room, etc. must be equipped with a functional interlock which de-energizes the unit if the door to the f acility is accidently opened.
(3) The interlock must not be by passed without the explicit approval of the Installation Supervisor.
(4) An appropriate radiation survey must be made when entering an accelerator room af ter operation of the accelerator, if it can in-duce radioactivity, or the reactor room of the Critical Facility.
(5)
Wien possible, x-ray installations should be operated remotely.
(6)
When the unit, or the type of equipment necessitates occupancy of the room containing the x-ray equipment, radiation surveys should be obtained during all operating conditions at all personnel stations.
Time limits for personnel must be set to assure that personnel exposure is a minimum and in no case exceeds legal maximum permissible limits.
Shielding must be used, where necessary, to assure conformance with said limits.
(7)
Rooms and work areas where ionizing radiation is generated must be properly posted with warning signs.
The telephone number of the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety should also be posted.
14.00 Emergency Procedures 14.01 Spills of Radioactive Liquids (1) All spills of radioactive material must be cleaned up promptly.
The responsibility for cleaning or for calling for experienced help rests on the individuals working in the area involved and responsible for the spill.
(2) The Director of ORNS must be notified immediately of all accidents involving possible body contamination or ingestion of radioactivity by personnel, excessive exposure to radiation, unnecessary contamination of equipment, spread of contamination or difficulty in cleaning up a contaminated area.
The Director must be notified immediately in the event of loss of radioactive material
25 The following procedures should be followed:
(In both cases notify the Director)
(a)
Minor spills (less than 10 pCi of beta gamma-emitters or 1 pCi of alpha-emitters).
1.
Notify all persons in the room at once.
2.
Permit only the minimum number of persons necessary to deal with the spill in the area.
3.
Confine the spill immediately.
4.
Put on protective gloves and drop absorbent paper on the liquid spill.
5.
Decontaminate, using a monitor to check the progress of the work.
6.
Monitor all persons involved in the spill and the cleaning.
7.
All cleanup materials shall be reserved for disposal as radioactive wastes.
(b)
Major spills (greater than 10 pCi of beta gamma-emitters or 1 p Ci of alpha-emitters).
1.
Notify all persons not involved in the spill to vacate the room at once.
2.
If hands are protected f rom contamination (i.e., gloves) right the container of the spilled liquid.
3.
If the spill is on clothing, discard outer clothing at once and before vacating room.
4.
Vacate the room.
5.
Take immediate steps to decontaminate (use soap and water) involved personnel.
(Shower if possiblei.)
6.
Notify the Director of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(3) The telephone number of the Of fice of Rad!.61on and Nuclear Safety shall be posted in all areas where radioactive materials are used.
14.02 Radiological Emergencies A radiological emergency is one which involves either the uncontrolled release of radioactive material or the excessive exposure (exposure in excess of the NYSHD established guides) of personnel to ionizing radiation.
These emergencies will include but not be limited to:
26 (1)
Personnel exposure (or suspected. exposure) to possible internal deposition of radionuclides.
(This could be airborne concentrations of radionuclides, body -contamination or inadvertent inges tion).
(2) Personnel exposure (or suspected exposure) to external radiations in excess of established guides.
(3) Uncontrolled release of radionuclides to the building, premise, neighborhood, or sewers.
(4) Accidental contamination of on-site areas or equipment.
14.03 Objectives (1)
To mitigate the consequences of the spread of radionuclides to' the e nvironme nt, (2)~ To minimize personnel exposure to ionizing radiation, (3) To assure immediate medical attention for injured personnel and, (4)
To enable the Departmental Facilities to return to normal operation.
14.04 Administrative Authority Under Accident Conditions Most accidents can be divided into two phases:
- 1) the emergency phase which is the period during which the first three objectives (14.04) are met and the nature of the problem is being ascertained and 2) the recovery phase which commences during or immediately following the accident and includes the fourth objective (14.03).
(1)
Any radiological emergency action shall include immediate notification of the Laboratory Supervisor, the Department Chairman, and the Director of ORNS.
(2) Under no circumstances shall the Facility involved be reactivated without the explicit approval of the Director of ORNS.
14.05 The following guidelines are established for the use of the Laboratory Supervisor.
(1) thdical assistance should be obtained for:
(a)
All injured personnel.
(b)
All exposures exceeding 15 Rems.
(2)
NRC Radiological assistance may be requested as deemed necessary by the Director of ORNS or the Chairman of the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee.
(For NRC:
Area Code 301-951-0050 and for NYSilD 518-457-2200).
O 27 (3) Notification of outside agencies'is required in some cases.
This notification shall be made only by the Director of ORNS or the Provost's Of fice.
(4) The Office of Radiation and Nuclear Safety (Office: 270-6409) MUST be notified at once of all radiological emergencies.
(Off hours, call RPI Safety and Security - 266-6611.)
14.06 Injured Personnel Involved in a Radiation Accident (1) The Laboratory Supervisor or other cognizant person shall immediately call Security and Safety (Ext. 6611) and request immediate assistance.
At that time, the person calling should l
provide his name, the location of accident (building and room nunber), information on the type of accident and the nature of the injury and, if necessary, request transportation.
(2)
In the case of injured personnel requiring transportation to the hospital (The Samaritan Hospital), the procedure is as follows:
(a) Ambulance Required.
If in the judgment of the responsible person present an ambulance is required, the Of fice of Security and Safety (266-6611) will call an ambulance immediately upon request.
The Of fice of Security and Safety will provide the ambulance service with directions for reaching the scene of the accident. A Security Officer will be sent to the accident scene to assist and make certain the ambulance arrives.
The ambulance attendant should be advised of the nature of the injury and radiation exposure or contamination involved.
(The ambulances are connected by radio to the Emergency Room at the Samaritan Hospital and can call ahead to set the established RPI Radiation Emergency Plan into effect.)
If possible, a cognizant RPI faculty or staff member should ride in the ambulance or follow in a car in order to assist in answering questions, etc. at the hospital.
(b)
Ambulance Not Required. In accordance with RPI practice, injured personnel are taken to the Samaritan Hospital (or to the Infirmary) by a Security Of ficer in an RPI vehicle.
(On arrival at the scene, the Security Officer may determine that the injured party cannot be safely transported in a sitting position.
In this case, an ambulance will be called.) RPI l
policy also includes the following for accidents in general:
(
"The injured party should not be permitted to drive his vehicle if his condition could impair his j
driving ability."
and "RPI employees should not use their privately owned vehicles to transport injured persons to the t
Samaritan Hospital."
l
m I
28 (3)- Re ports (a) _The Installation Supervisor must file a report with the,0ffice
~
of Radiation and Nuclear; Safety as soon as it is practicable preferably within 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br />.
F (b) The Installation Supervisor or the' injured person must also
- complete appropriate sections of Form WC-1 (Report of -
Occupational Injury and Illness).
(Details concerning this-j:
form can be obtained from the Of fice of; Security and Safety.)
(c) A departmental report may also be. required.
14.07 Emergency Telephone Listing l-Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safet'y 270-6409
' *RPI Security and Safety 266-6611
- Troy City Fire Department 272-3400
- Troy City Police Department 270-4411
- Ambulance Service 266-6611 l'
- NOTE: Requests for an anbulance or for assistance from j
the Troy Fire Department or Police Department -
should be made through the RPI Office of Security and Safety (Ext. 6611).
j 15.00 Specific Procedures for Radiation Installations t
For each Radiation Installation in a Department or Center there must be a set i
of Radiation Safety Procedures which apply specifically to'the facilities and to the operations carried out in the Installation.. Thus, for a Department or l_
Center having three Radiation Installations,' for example, three separate sets
[
j of Specific Radiation Procedures would be required.
The set of Specific-Procedures must be ' prepared by the Supervisor of the Radiation Installation, who should consult the Director of ORNS if there are questions concerning j
procedures.
Procedures contained in Section 13.00 Ceneral, Procedures for Radiation Safety, may be incorporated in the Specific Procedures.
The set of Specific Procedures.must be approved by the Director of Radiation j
and Nuclear Safety. Af ter approval, copies must be riistributed as follows:-
j (1) One copy to the Of fice of Radiation and Nuclear Safety.
(2) One copy to the Chairman of the Department-(or Director of the Ce nter).
(3) One copy to the Safety Committee of the Department or Center, if there is a committee of this type.
i (4) One copy to be posted in the Installation.
[
29
.(5) One copy to each person authorized to work in or have-access to the Installation The Specific Procedures must be revised whenever the facilities or operations in the Installation change or whenever there is a change in supervisory personnel. In any case, the procedures must be reviewed for possible revision.
at least once each calendar year.
In addition to the Specific-Procedures, a copy of this document, '" RADIATION SAFETY: REGULATIONS AND-PROCEDURES, PART-I, Ionizing Radiation,"~must be readily available at all times to all persons having access to the Installation i
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30 16.00 Radiation Protection Training
- The radiation protection training afforded by the Office of. Radiation and Nuclear Safety is designed to ensure that users of ionizing radiations, both X-rays and radioactive materials, have the knowledge and skill to work efficiently and effectively in a radiation environment with.a minimum of radiation exposure to themselves and other workers in the laboratory. The formal classroom training supplements the education and experience laboratory personnel have received and amplifies the on the job training they are-receiving.
The course content of the formal classroom training is provided over a period of 3-4 hours.
The 3 ho' es is divided into 3 one hour segments. The first j
segment is on the basis of radiation protection and includes but is not limited to:
f 1
e Fundamentals of the interactions of radiation with matter and natural radiation backgrounds.
i j
e Radiation exposures 'from internal sources and external sources, radiation protection guides for radiation workers, members of the public and discussion in pregnancy.
o Biological effects of radiation, stochastic and nonstochastic effects.
l 4
i j
The second section is given twice, once for the X-ray users and once for the isotope users.
The course content for X-ray users includes but is not limited to:
Fundamentals of producing X-radiation, time, KVP and milliamps are e
i discussed.
e Radiation surveys of X-ray installations and instrumentation to be j
used.
e Personnel monitoring and dosimetry.
l e
Posting and labeling of areas.
o ALARA concept on maintaining exposures as low as practicable.
The course content for isotope users include but are not limited tor i
l Characteristics of radioactive decay schemes and calculation of radioactive decay.
l e
Contamination control and contamination limits e
Purchasing, receipt and disposal of radioactive isotopes.
l e
Radiation surveys of laboratories and instrumentation used.
e Posting of laboratories for radiation and for radioactive materials.
i
31 Personnel monitoring.
ALARA concept on maintaining exposures as low as reasonably achievable.
e Airborne contamination and internal dosimetry.
Frequency All users of ionizing radiation on the Rensselaer campus are afforded this course each year.
New Users New users of ionizing radiation at the Institute may use radioactive materials and/or machines that produce ionizing radiation if in the judgment of the Director of ORNS the individual has the appropriate experience and background.
The new User will be required to review a videotape covering the basic fundamentals of radiation listed above, and to be familiar with this manual.
.. ~
32
' APPENDIX A
-PERSONNEL DIRECTORY
-Radiation and Nuclear Safety 1.
Of fice of' Radiation and Nuclear Safety Director Phone Location Robert M. Ryan 270-6409 LINAC (Room 111)'
Assistant Director'-
1 Fred J. Mastrianni 270-6409 NES Bldg.
(Room C21) j'
- 2.
Radiation and Nuclear Safety Committee Dr. D. B. Aulenbach-266-6190 Environmental Engineering l
(Ricketts 102) l Dr. R. A. Harper 266-6434 Physics (Science Center IC44)
}.
Dr. D. E. Wilson 266-8426 Biology-j (Cogswell 122) i Dr. N. F. Heptinger 266-8491 Chemistry (Cogswell 117)
Mr. A. Macica 266-6238 Physical i
Facilities
]
(Service Bldg)-
l Dr. R. W. Hockenbury 266-6403 Nuclear i
Engineering (JEC 5046) l Mr. R. M. Ryan 270-6409 LINAC (Room 111) 3.
Nuclear Safety Review Board Dr. R. Lahey 270-6401 NES Bldg.
i (Room 1-7) 4.
RPI Security 266-6611 Visitors j
Information l
Center j
5.
RPI Safety 266-6606 2144 Burdett Ave. (Risk-j Management) i I
7 33 l-APPENDIX B?
I State Sanitary Code 4
Chapter 1, Part 16-t i
5 IONIZING RADIATION i
1 New York State Department of Health
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as amended effective July-13, 1979 i
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