ML20211H412

Annual Environ Operating Rept (Nonradiological)

ML20211H412
Person / Time
Site:	Susquehanna
Issue date:	12/31/1985
From:	Doty R, Fields J, Shank K PENNSYLVANIA POWER & LIGHT CO.
To:
References
NUDOCS 8606230515
Download: ML20211H412 (130)

Text

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION O UNITS 1 & 2 1985 ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL  ;

OPERATING REPORT (NONRADIOLOGICAL) i gANN4 l ---- E o

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FACILITY OPERATING LICENSE NOS. NPF-14 & NPF-22 DOCKET NOS. 50-387 & 50-388 i

j prepared by i ENVIRONMENTAL GROUP, NUCLEAR SUPPORT l

PENNSYLVANIA POWER and LIGHT CO.

2 N. 9th Street Allentown, PA 18101 /

o J gp' ob 8606230515 851231 PDR ADOCK 05000387

SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT l -

1985

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' Prepared by:

J. S. Fields Date: Y /f IL Seniou,//

nvironmental Scientist - Nuclear Reviewed by: /A1/ftf Os/_-

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L K. E. ! hank Date: Y/1ll[b

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Environmental Group Supervisor - Nuclear Approved by: l4 dA/ Date: k i \ 'R. L. Dotf/ ' '

Radiological and Uvironmental Services Supervisor f

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(/ FOREWORD t

The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Susquehanna SES) consists of two l boiling water reactors, each with a net electrical generating capacity of -

1,050 megawatts. The site is'approximately 1,325 acres and is located in Salem Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania approximately five miles  ;

northeast of Berwick, Pennsylvania. Under terms of an agreement finalized in j January 1978, 90% of the Susquehanna SES is owned by the Pennsylvania Power i and Light Company (Licensee) and 10% by Allegheny Electric Cooperative, Inc. ,

The 1985 Annual Environmental Operating Report (Nonradiological) for Units 1 l and 2 describes the programs necessary to meet requirements of Section 2F of '

the Operating License, Protection of the Environment, and Appendix B, j Environmental Protection Plan, as well as commitments in the Final i Environmental Statement related to operation (NUREG-0564), June 1981. Also, .f the Operating License, Appendix A Technical Specifications requires an Annual j Radiological Environmental Operating Report which is issued separately from  ;

this report. l t

Jerome S. Fields i Senior Environmental Scientist-Nuclear l r

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, _T _A _B _L _E _O _F _C _0 _N _T _E _N _T _S l' SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING REPORT 1985 -

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SECTION TITLE PAGE NO.

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~ Foreword . .. . .. . .............. 1

Table of Contents . . .............. 11 t

i 1.0 Objectives . .. . . . .............. 1-1

2.0 Environmental. Issues . .............. 2-1 l 1

1 2.1 Aquatic Issues . . . . .............. 2-1 >

2.2 Terrestrial Issues . .

.,............. 2-2 a 2.2.1 Monitoring Bird Impaction on Cooling Towers . . . 2-2 l

l 2.2.2 Operationa'l Sound Level Survey . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

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2.2.3 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors . . .. 2-3 2.3 Cultural Resources Issues . . . . . . . . .. . . 2 .

3.0 Consistency Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 1 3.1 Plant Design and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 i

j 3.2 Reporting Related to NPDES Permits and State Certifications . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .

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l 3.3 Changes Required for Compliance with Other-Environmental Regulations . . . . . . . . . .. . 3-2

.i 4.0 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . .. . . . . 4-1 4.1 Unusual or Important Environmental Events . . . . 4-1 l

l 4.2 Environmental Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1 4.2.1 General Monitoring for Bird Impaction . . . . . . 4-1 4.2.2 Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors . . . . 4-3 1

s 4.2.3 Sound Level Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-6 T

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.i - TABLE OF C0NTENTS i

SECTION ' TITLE PAGE NO.

l 4.2.4 Cultural Resources . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 4-6 i

4.2.5 Aquatic Programs . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 4-6 5.0 Administrative Procedures . . . . . . . . .. . . 5-1 5.1 Review and Audit . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. 5-1 5.2 Records Retention . . . . .. . .... . .. . . 5-1 5.3 Changes in Environmental Protection Plan . .. . . 5-1 5.4 Plant Reporting Requirements . . .. . . . . . . . 5-1 5.4.1 Routine Reports . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . 5-1 5.4.2 Nonroutine Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Exhibits NO.

American Shad Impingement Survey Results . . . . . 1 Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna SES 2 Site 1985 . . .... . . . . . . . . . . .

Effect Determination of Archeological Sites . .. 3 iii

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Number Title 4.2-1 Species of birds collected at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 1978-85 4.2-2 Bird impaction totals from Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 18 March-7 June 1985 4.2-3 Bird impaction totals from Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 19 August-8 November 1985 4.2-4 Maintenance of transmission line corridors, selected herbicide applications 4.2-5 Maintenance of transmission line corridors 4.2-6 Mean density of periphytic algae at SSES, 1985 4

4.2-7 Mean density of periphytic algae at Bell Bend, 1985 i

4.2-8 Species of periphytic algae at SSES and Bell B'end, 1985 4

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V 4.2-9 Density of phytoplankton at SSES, 1985 4.2-10 Density of phytoplankton at Bell Bend, 1985 4.2-11 Species of phytoplankton at SSES and Bell Bend, 1985 4.2-12 Description and location of benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites, 1985

i 4.2-13 Density and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates at each station, 1985 4.2-14 Benthic macroinvertebrates collected at SSES and Bell Bend, 1985 4.2-15 Mean density and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates at each site, 1985 .

4.2-16 Mean and maximum flow of the Susquehanna River, 1978-82 and 1985 4.2-17 Dry weight and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates at each station, 1985 ,

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?EEEEEE Number Title 4.2-1 Algae and benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites, 1985 4.2-2 Total number of impacted birds at Unit I and 2 cooling towers, 1978-85 4.2-3 Standing crop of periphytic algae at SSES and Bell Bend, 1977-85 i

4.2-4 Standing crop of phytoplankton at SSES and Bell Bend, 1977-85 4.2-5 Annual mean biomass and density of benthic macroinvertebrates at SSES and Bell Bend, 1975-85 .

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4.2-6 Annual mean density of benthic macroinvertebrates at SSES and Bell Bend, 1975-85

, 4.2-7 Mean density of benthic macroinvertebrates at SSES and Bell Bend,

1978-85 j 4.2-8 Dendrogram for 1985 benthic macroinvertebrate data 1

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4 1.0 OBJECTIVES The Licensee submitted an Environmental Report--Operating License Stage for the Susquehanna SES to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in May, 1978. This report reviewed the results of the preoperational impacts of construction and described the preoperational and proposed operational environmental monitoring programs. The NRC and other agencies reviewed this report and made recommendations for operational environmental i monitoring programs which were listed in the Final Environmental Statement (FES) related to the operation of the Susquehanna SES, Unit I and 2, NUREG-0564, June 1981. In addition, the Licensee has developed procedures g-and guidelines to assure that operation of the Susquehanna SES does not adversely affect the environment in the vicinity of the station. ,

The Licensee has developed procedures for environmental responsibilities -

and interfaces necessary in monitoring environmental impacts. This includes coordina' tion of NRC requirements and consistency with other j federal, state, and local requirements for environmental protection. To keep the NRC informed of other agency activities, the NRC is being provided copies of environmental correspondence. In addition, this 1985 Annual Environmental Operating Report provides a summary of both operational environmental programs and procedures as required in the FES and Appendix B, Environmental Protection Plans (EPP) of the Operating License , No. NPF-14 (Ref. 1.1-1) and No. NPF-22 (Ref. 1.1-2) .

This 1985 report is the fourth Annual Environmental Operating Report submitted to meet EPP requirements. The 1984 report was submitted to the NRC in April 1985 (Ref. 1.1-3).

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2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 2.1 AQUATIC ISSUES The aquatic monitoring program for the operation of the Susquehanna SES is divided into two phases. Phase 1 includes effluent monitoring required by a l National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit issued,by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (Pa. DER). Monthly discharge monitoring reports are submitted to the Pa. DER as part of the i permitting requirements. The station operational NPDES permit No. PA-0047325

) was reissued January 22, 1985 and is valid for a period of five years. The j permit incorporates effluent monitoring requirements for the sewage treatment plant which were previously regulated under NPDES permit No. PA-0027448.

1 Phase 2 of the aquatic monitori6g program deals with programs listed in the l

FES involving aquatic environmental biological monitoring.

The Pa. DER in Phase 1, is responsible for regulating the water quality permit

• for the Susquehanna SES. The NPDES permit No. PA-0047325 deals with discharge parameters for the Susquehanna SES sewage treatment plant, the cooling tower blowdown including in plant process streams, and also various sumps and drains that discharge through storm sewers into Lake Took-a-while, and eventually the i Susquehanna River. The parameters included in the sewage treatment plant effluent limits are as follows:

3 Flow O >"

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD-5) i Percentage removal of TSS Percentage removal of BOD-5 Chlorine residual Fecal coliforms In-plant process effluents combine with the cooling tower flows before'being released to the Susquehanna River. These process effluents are monitored for .

flow, TSS, and the oil and grease component. Parameters monitored on the combined cooling tower blowdown to the Susquehanna River are:

Flow pH Chlorine residual

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The parameters monitored on the various sumps and drains that discharge to storm sewers' leading to Lake Took-a-while are: h Flow pH TSS Oil and grease Phase 2 of aquatic monitoring programs committed to by the Licensee in Appendix B of the Operating License and FES for the Susquehanna SES includes monitoring algae and benthic macroinvertebrates, both above the intake and below the discharge. This information is summarized in Section 4.2.5 of this report. An impingement study for American shad was undertaken in 1985, as in previous years in response to a request by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Commission. This study meets commitments in Section 5.3.4, Aquatic Monitoring, of the FES (Ref. 2.1-1). The Susquehanna River Anadromous Fish Restoration Committee, of which the Licensee is a member, reintroduced American shad and blueback herring to the Susquehanna River during 1985.

Approximately 3100 prespawned adult American shad were collected from the Hudson and Connecticut Rivers during May, 1985 and transported to the upper Susquehanna River (Ref. 2.1-2) . Also, approximately 2000 blueback herring were transferred from the Hudson River to the upper Susquehanna River in late May, 1985. Between 6 September and 11 October the. Licensee's biological consultant, Ecology III, Inc., monitored fish impingement on the station intake screens. No juvenile shad or herring were collected on the screens during 1985 (Exhibit 1). This consultant is located at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory.

2.2 TERRESTRIAL ISSUES 2.2.1 MONITORING BIRD IMPACTION ON COOLING TOWERS Consultant biologists conducted systematic searches at the Susquehanna SES for impacted birds at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers in 1985 during spring and autumn migrations.

Twenty-two were found in the spring birds and 17 in the of 13 species were collected; five , birds autumn. All impacted birds were small passerines known to be nocturnal migrants. Typically, spring impactions were associated with the passage of warm fronts and autumn impactions with the passage of cold fronts. All impactions occurred when at least one of the cooling towers was operational. Fewer impacted birds were collected in 1985 than in any previous year except 1984, but it is uncertain if this was due to operation of the cooling towers or other factors.

2.2.2 OPERATIONAL SOUND LEVEL SURVEY An environmental sound survey was conducted during September,1985, and October, 1985 by Bolt, Beranek and Newman. Both daytime and nighttime measurements were taken in the vicinity of the Susquehanna SES. Exhibit 2 Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna SES Site 1985, discusses the program and gives results.

In addition, Section 4.2.3, Sound Level Survey, lists sound survey parameters.

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2.2.3 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS The maintenance program for transmission line corridors for the Susquehanna SES is discussed in detail in Subsection 4.2.2 of this report. During 1985, there was maintenance of transmission line corridors by the use of herbicides and by manual clearing. The terrestrial monitoring program for the Susquehanna transmission lines was initiated in response to commitments in Section 5.3.5 of the FES. The three transmission lines associated with the Susquehanna SES are the Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV Line, Sunbury-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV Line and the Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV Line.

Originally, the Susquehanna-Wescosville 500 kV Line was called the Susquehanna-Siegfried Line. These lines may be operated at either 230 kV or 500 kV.

After their construction, areas around the transmission structures and along access roads.were seeded and regraded to prevent soil erosion. The schedule for conducting periodic erosion control inspections of these lines and access roads is based on the age of the line. During the first five years, helicopter patrols will be conducted three times a year. Thereafter, foot-patrols will be conducted every two years and overhead patrols conducted every five years. The dates of patrols and the information collected are logged and recorded by the Licensee, which is responsible for this activity.

An audit of the transmission lines in 1984 indicated that there was some -

erosion along the Stanton-Susquehanna No. 2-500 kV line at a former generating station ash basin. This area was stabilized in 1985.

2.3 CULTURAL RESOURCES ISSUES

• In accordance with Title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 800, Protection of Historic and Cultural Properties, the Licensee has'taken efforts to mitigate any impacts from either plant construction or operation to sites eligible for inclusion to the National Register.of Historic Places. Section

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4.2.4, Cultural Resources, addresses this issue.

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REFERENCES 2.1-1 Final Environmental Statement related to the operation of Susquehanna Steam Electric Station, Units 1 and 2, Docket Nos. 50-387 and 50-388, Pennsylvania Power and Light Co. and Allegheny Electric Cooperative, Inc., U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, June, 1981.

2.1-2 Restoration of American Shad to the Susquehanna River, Annual Progress Report - 1985, Susquehanna River Anadromous Fish Restoration Committee, January, 1986.

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3.0 CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENTS- '

3.1 PLANT DESIGN AND OPERATION In accordance with the EPP, the Licensee has prepared and recorded an envi-ronmental evaluation of any proposed change in plant' design or operation or

. performance of any test or experiment which may significantly affect the environment. Activities which concern (1) a significant increase in any adverse environmental impact previously evaluated by the NRC or Atomic-Safety

& Licensing Board, (2) . a significant change in effluents or power level or (3) a matter not previously evaluated which may have a significant adverse environmental impact, shall be deemed to involve an unreviewed environmental.

question. For such activities, the Licensee shall provide a written .7 evaluation :of the activity and obtain prior approval from the Director, -Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation.

The Licensee has developed a Nuclear Department Instruction procedure to evaluate unreviewed environmental questions. If it is determined that a particular action will meet any of the three NRC criteria for an unreviewed environmental question, the NRC will be notified. If the change, test or i experiment does not meet any of these criteria, the Licensee will provide an environmental approval'to the group requesting the action.  !

During the operation of the Susquehanna SES in-1985, there were four actions that the Licensee reviewed as part of its unreviewed , environmental questions program.

These four actions were as follows:

1. Installation of 4 wells on the flood plain at the River Intake .

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2. Chemical treatment of Emergency Spray Pond. ,

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Use system.

of dispersants and corrosion ' inhibitors in the circulating water I i

4. l Placing fill in a farm pond on recently purchased property. i j None of these activities were determined to be unreviewed environnental ques- {

tions since there was not a significant environmental impact associated with

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Records of environmental evaluations are maintained by the Licensee in the Susquehanna Records Management System.

, These records include brief descrip-tions, analyses, interpretations, and evaluations of the changes, tests and experiments.

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3 3.2 REPORTING RELATED TO NPDES PERMITS & STATE CERTIFICATIONS Violations of NPDES Permits have been reported to the NRC by submittal of copies of reports required by the NPDES Permits. It should be noted that Pennsylvania is a NPDES Permitting Agreement State with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and State Certification pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act is not required. Copies of all changes or renewals to the operational NPDES Permit No. PA-0047325 have been submitted to the NRC within the required 30-day period.

3.3 CHANGES REQUIRED FOR COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS During 1985, there were several activities which involved changes in plant l design and operation which required some upgrading of old Pa. DER permits and applications for new ones. l l

The sewage treatment plant was modified to provide additional treatment l l

capacity. Capacity was increased from 45,000 to 80,000 gallons per day. This j modification was included in the new NPDES permit. I o NPDES Permit - Permit No. PA-0047325, Susquehanna SES, issued January 22, 1985, expires January 21, 1990. I Construction of the fifth diesel generator has taken longer then expected and therefore, an extension of the plan approval (Construction Permit) was necessary, l o Plan Approval - Permit No. 40-306-004, Stand-By Diesel

• Generators, issued December 30, 1985, expires March 31, 1987.

Preliminary plans to construct a cement storage silo adjacent to the Radwaste Building required approval to construct and/or operate an air contamination source. This project was cancelled in January 1986 and the permit is currently inactive, o Plan Approval - Permit No. 40-311-014, Cement Silo, issued.

September 6, 1985 expires March 30, 1986.

Two solid waste disposal sites were permitted in 1985. A permit application for a third site for a solid waste disposal facility at Susquehanna SES (Site No.

1) was withdrawn in September 1985 because the site was no longer needed.

o Solid Waste Disposal and/or Disposal Facility - Permit No.

101352, Susquehanna SES, Site No. 2, issued July 15, 1985.

o Solid Waste Disposal and/or Disposal Facility - Permit No.

101363, Susquehanna SES, Site No. 3 issued April 15, 1985.

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( 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 4.1 UNUSUAL OR IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL EVENTS During 1985, there were no unusual or important events that resulted in significant environmental impacts from Susquehanna SES operation.

4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 4.2.1 CENERAL MONITORING FOR BIRD IMPACTION Preoperational studies of bird impaction were conducted during spring and autumn migrations at the Unit 1 cooling tower since autumn 1978 and at the Unit 2 cooling tower since spring 1981. These studies (Refs. 4.2-1 through 4.2-5) provided data on bird mortality during tower construction. Operational studies were begun in the autumn of 1982 and continued through 1985 (Refs.

4.2-5 through 4.2-7). The basic objective of the operational studies is to monitor and to evaluate bird impaction mortality during operation of the cooling towers.

Collections of impacted birds were made at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers during 1985 spring and autumn migrations. Each hyperbolic natural draft tower '

is 165 m tall with diameters at the base, throat, and top of 128 m, 8,6 m, and 92 m, respectively. Both towers are illuminated with five, 480-volt aircraft warning strobe lights on the top and seven, 480-volt high-intensity mercury O vapor lamps around the lintel, about 12 m above ground level. The strobe lights were installed immediately upon completion of each tower. The towers are about 100 m apart and aligned south to north with Unit 1 the more northerly (Fig. 4.2-1). They are located approximately 1,400 m west of the Susquehanna River and 650 m south of a ridge which extends east and west along the site boundary. The top of the Unit 1 tower is 381 m above mean sea level, 6 m higher than the Unit 2 tower (375 m). Within 1 km of the towers, ground elevations vary from 160 m above mean sea level near the river to 326 m on the ridge. Both towers exceed the highest point on the ridge by at least 49 m.

Systematic searches for impacted birds were usually begun prior to 0900 h on weekdays, excluding holidays, from 18 March through 7 June and from 19 August through 8 November. Each search included the tower base, cold water outlet, basin interior, and an area extending at least 10 m out from the base.

Impacted birds were tagged to record date and point of discovery. Floating specimens were collected with a dip net and those impinged on the trash screens were removed with a rake. Birds were usually identified in the laboratory with the aid of keys detailed in Reference 4.2-6. Bird nomenclature follows the American Ornithologists' Union Checklist (Ref.

4.2-8). Impacted species were checked against the federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (Ref. 4.2-9) and the Pennsylvania Species of Special Concern (Ref. 4.2-10).

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An attempt was made to collect all impacted birds'during each search; however. l some specimens recovered from the turbid water in the cooling tower basins were impacted one or more days before collection. All data were, therefore, tabulated in 5-day groups to reduce day-to-day carrjovet of impacted birds.

Weather conditions were noted daily at the Susquehanna 3ES site. These notes were augmented with data recorded at the Biological Laboratory, at the Susquehanna SES Meteorological Tower, and at Avoca, Pennsylvania by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Ref. 4.2-11) . Barometric pressure was monitored constantly at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory with a Taylor Weather-Hawk Stormscope Barcuater adjusted to equivalent sea level pressure.

In 1985, 22 birds of 13 species were collected during systematic searches for impacted birds at Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers of the Susquehanna SES. Since 1 September 1978, 1.453 birds of at least 65 ' species (Table 4.2-1) have been collected at the towers. During spring migration in 1985, five birds of five species were collected from 18 March through 7 June (Table 4.2-2); two specimens were found at the Unit I tower and three rpecimens at the Unit 2 tower. During autumn migration, 17 birds of at least.11 species were collected from 19 August through 8 November (Table 4.2-3); 13 specimens were found at the Unit 1 tower and four specimens at the Unit 2 tower. l'a addition to these birds, four bats were collected:

two red bats (Lasiurus borealis) and two little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) were.found at the Unit 2 tower in the autumn (Ref. 4.2-12 and 4.2-13).

All bird species were small passerines known to be nocturnal migrants (Ref.

4.2-14). Most of these birds migrate icng ddstances to and from wintering grounds in'the American tropdes. The two t commonly collected specica were the common yellowthroat (5) and the red-eyec ireo (4). Together they composed 41% of the birds collected. A bobolink, a Pennsylvania species of concern - status undetermined (Ref. 4.2-10), was found on September 9, 1985, at the base of the Unit I cooling tower. No f.ederally listed threatened or endangered species were collected in 1985, ner have any been found since the study began in 1978.

The total number of spring impactions was less in 1985 than in any previous year (Fig. 4.2-2). No more than one bird was collected on any morning and no more than one specimen was found of any species. Most spring impactions were associated with warm fronts entering Pennsylvania from the west or south. In spring, the northern movement of birds of ten follows a warm. front when warm moist air flows from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean accompanied by a falling barometer (Ref. 4.2-15). All spring impactions occurred during a scheduled outage at Unit I when only the Unit 2 tower was creating a visible plume.

Fewer birds impacted on the cooling towers in the autumn of 1985 than in any previous year, except 1984 (Fig. 4.2-2). No more than five specimens were collected on any of the ten days birds were found. This contrasts markedly with the large daily collections of 79 and 81 birds made in 1981 (Ref. 4.2-4) or 26 and 34 birds in 1982 (Ref. 4.2-5) . But similar to past years, most autumn impactions were associated with the passage of cold fronts moving 4-2 i

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I through Pennsylvania from the northwest. South-bound'aigration is heaviest in l j this region during cold front movement (Ref. 4.2-15). Also, 9 out of the 17 impactions apparently occurred during periods of fog. All autumn impactions I occurred when both towers were functional.

The low numbers of bird impactions in the autumns of 1983, 1984, and 1985 '

1 occurred when at least one of the towers was operating throughout most of the migration season. At least three factors associated with operation may warn i approaching birds of the towers: 1) visible plume, 2) air turbulence, and 3) l noise. The plume can be several hundred meters in length and is  :

well-illuminated by aircraft warning lights which make it visible for long i distances, especially at the high altitudes where migrant birds usually fly, r Wind currents and the resulting air turbulence caused by the operation of a '

natural draft tower probably make flight difficult for lightweight birds and i

,may discourage them from flying too close. Generally, noise levels near an operating medium or large cooling tower range from 80 to 90 dBA and are caused

{ principally by the resonance of air drafts and waterfalls in the tower (Ref.

! 4.2-16). This broad-band low-frequency noise is within the hearing range of 4

most birds (Ref. 4.2-14) and may alert them to the presence of the towers.

During the planned outage of Unit 1. northbound migrants may have been warned j by the operation of the Unit 2 cooling tower which is the more southerly .

obstruction in their northerly migration path. I The cooling tower lights may attract night-flying birds to the towers, but apparently not from great distances. Night-flying birds are sometimes attracted to, then blinded by, bright lights, accounting for impactions on O tall buildings-(Ref. 4.2-15). When cloud ceiling is low or, visibility poor, birds tend to fly at low altitudes and can be confused by tower lights (Ref.

4.2-17). However, it seems that the direction of movement by nocturnally

migrant birds flying at higher altitudes'is not overtly affected by nuclear power plant lights and the birds are not drawn to operating towers from great

! distances (Ref. 4.2-18).

i Although at this point it might be concluded that operation of the cooling towers deters bird impaction, the number of impactions recorded during the preoperational phase showed high variability and operational phase data may eventually demonstrate a similar pattern. Furthermore, this variability may be caused by factors not associated with tower operation. For example, fewer .

I bird impactions may have occurred in the autumns from 1983 to 1985 because of the lack of strong cold fronts normally associated with waves of nocturnal +

migrants.

4.2.2 MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINE CORRIDORS

. 4.2.2.1 HERBICIDES USED i

All herbicides utilized to control incompatible vegetation within the trans-mission line corridors from Susquehanna SES conform to approved uses as registered by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 'In addition, major manufacturers or formulators all have had these products registered for distribution by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania under the authority of the Pennsylvania Pesticide Control Act of 1973.

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The following lists the approved herbicides specified for use in the Licensee's programs. All are applied within the instructions designated on lh the label.

EPA Commercial Active Registration Name Ingredients Number Krenite Fosamine 352-376 Krenite S Fosamine 352-395 Tordon 101 2,4-D. Picloram 464-306 Tordon RTU 2,4-D, Picloram 464-510 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 464-546 Garlon 4 Triclopyr 464-554 Roundup Glyphosate 524-308-AA Additional herbicides may be added to this list in the future depending on new technology and/or other advancements in the state of the art. All herbicides will have an approved EPA registration number.

4.2.2.2 RECORDS Records are maintained for a period of at least 5 years in the appropriate Division Offices of the Licensee. These include the following:

1. Copies of labels of specified herbicides which designate commercial names, active ingredients, rates of application, warnings, storage and handling.

2. Concentrations of active ingredient formulations diluted for field use.

3. Diluting substances (carriers).

4. Rates of application.

5. Methods of application.

6. Locations and dates of application.

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4.2.2.3 TYPES OF MAINTENANCE REPORTED

(

A. Selective Herbicide Applications j

Maintenance of Transmiesion Line Corridors Selective Herbicide Application, Table 4.2-4. Sheets 1 through 6 summarizes the application for vegetation control for each of the transmission corridors affected.

. This includes the individual herbicides specified, the active ingredient, its acid equivalent, the specified amount of concentrate in a designated carrier, and additives used to decrease drift and act as wetting agents.

, Application data for each of the lines is presented by the number of acres  !

on which herbicides were applied, the total amount of solution used, rate <

of application in gallons per acre, total amount of concentrate used, l average gallons of concentrate applied per acre, the total pounds of acid i equivalent and the average pounds per acre applied. Dates and locations, .

by structure number, of the applications are designated along with the '

title of the responsible Division Manager, his or her phone number and mailing address.

, Two exhibits in the.1982 Annual Environmental Operating Report provide the i herbicide application procedures. Exhibit 3 discusses the Licensee's j Procedures for Herbicide Use on Transmissio'n Right-of-Way, while Exhibit 4 lists the Procedure for.0btaining Herbicide Samples from Contractors for Laboratory Analyses (Ref. 4.2-19).

1

() '

B. Vegetation Maintenance by Manual Methods j

Maintenance of Transmission Line Corridors, Table 4.2-5, Sheets 1 through l 13. summarizes vegetation maintenance activities other than the 4

utilization of herbicides. The six types of manual methods used in 1985 are as follows:

i

1. Selective Reclearing - utilized to manually cut incompatible

! vegetation where herbicide applications are restricted.

2. Danger Tree Removals - cutting those trees outside of the cleared l right-of-way which are of such a height and position that they create a potentially hazardous condition which could interrupt the.line.

i 3. Side-Trimming - trimming of trees on the edge of the right-of-way-which through yearly growth encroach on the line conductors.

! 4. Screen Trimming - trimming of trees left intentionally on the right-of-way for aesthetic purposes or otherwise to maintain safe I

i clearances to the line conductors.

5. . Side Widening - areas selectively cut to the. full extent of'the original right-of-way easement purchased. This was done to enhance the safety and/or integrity of the line by creeting a wider corridor than that which was originally cleared. -

4-5 i

[

, - , , - , , . . . ..,y 7.--, , - _. . - . . , _ , . .,-, .,,. .._, _ - , _py __

,,9. 7,._ , .y _, ,.,_ , - p-,, ,_-.,,g.---- - y , , , ....,,,-, y_,y g-,,. -,. _v.. -,.pp.

6. Screen Removal - screens which in the judgement of those persons responsible, were threatening the safety and/or integrity of the line h and had to be selectively cleared.

4.2.3 SOUND LEVEL SURVEY An environmental sound survey was conducted in September and October 1985.

Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna SES Site 1985, an operation noise progress report, Exhibit 2 of this report was prepared by Bolt, Beranek and Newman. It includes the following information:

1. Existing on-site and nearby off-site sources and barriers,

2. Noise sensitive land uses in site vicinity,

3. Daytime and nighttime measurements,

4. Equipment selection and dates of calibration,

5. Background and intrusion sound levels measured,

6. Description of pure tones included in this 1985 survey.

Based upon two unit operation acoustic measurements and lack of community complaints it has' been determined by sound experts that the noise level produced at the Susquehanna SES does not cause an adverse impact to the environs in the vicinity of the station. Also, previous annual environmental operating reports for 1982, 1983 and 1984 submitted to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission contained sound level data for one unit operation and construction of the second unit. In all cases the impacts were not considered adverse. Therefore, in accordance with EPP Section 4.2.3, Sound Level Surveys, the Licensee is terminating this program with submission of Exhibit 2 of this report as the final. sound level survey.

4.2.4 CULTURAL RESOURCES The effect determination of the four historic sites located on Susquehanna SES floodplain (Site SES-3. Site SES-6, Site SES-8 and Site SES-11) has been .

determined to have the status of "no adverse effect" by the Pennsylvania ,

Bureau for Historic Preservation. Exhibit 3, of this report discusses this effect determination.

4.2.5 AQUATIC PROGRAMS 4.2.5.1 ALCAE The basic objective in 1985 was to evaluate effects of the Susquehanna SES on periphyton and phytoplankton communities in the Susquehanna River (Fig.

4.2-1). A control sampling site (SSES) was located 460 m upriver from the Susquehanna SES intake structure and 135 m from the west bank. The indicator site (Bell Bend) was located 400 m downriver from the discharge diffuser and 30 m from the west bank.

4-6

- - - .-. . .=. . - . . - =. = -. - -_.---.

I j p Periphyton substrates consisted of eight sandblasted plates of clear acrylic (22 x 30 cm) in " detritus-free" holders similar to those of Gale et al. (Ref.

4.2-20). Two holders with four plates each were placed on the river bottom at

each site near the main channel, where depths ranged at SSES in 1985 from 1.9 to 5.2 m. From April through October 1985, two plates were sampled bimonthly 1 at each site. Each plate was exposed to colonization for 12 months. Three l replicate samples were taken from each plate by a scuba diver using a

bar-clamp sampler (Ref. 4.2-21). Sampled plates were replaced with clean plates to be sampled later. The schedule for plate removal was continuation of a plan established in 1977 by random selection.

i The 415 mm? area of the plate delimited by each bar-clamp sampler was cleaned

• by scraping and vibration (Ref. 4.2-21) with an ultrasonic dental cleaning probe for 10 minutes. Dislodged cells were carried to a collection jar by water sprayed inside the collecting cup through the cleaning probe. As a result, loosened cells were not subjected to unnecessary vibration. Vibration may have destroyed some cells, but Gale (Ref. 4.2-21) reported that more cells per unit area were obtained by scraping and vibration than by scraping and q brushing. Samples (250 ml) were preserved with formalin and, after settling

, ten days, were concentrated to 50 ml by siphoning. One half of the concentrate was sent to Dr. Rex L. Lowe, Department of Biology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, for identification and enumeration of algae. The other half of the concentrate was placed in the licensee reference collection to be retained for at least 12 months.

p A 1-liter phytoplankton sample was collected near the river surface at each periphyton sampling site on the same days that periphyton samples were 4

collected. After the samples were preserved and, allowed to settle for ten days, the algae in them was concentrated in a similar manner to that used for periphyton samples. The main difference in procedures was that phytoplankton samples, because of their greater initial volume, were siphoned three times instead of once (ten days settling time was allowed between each siphoning).

l Algal cells in periphyton and phytoplankton samples that contained $

chloroplasts were enumerated as " units" (Ref. 4.2-22) . In most instances, at

• l least 1,500 units were enumerated and identified in each sample (about 500 per

!.. ' each of 3 subsamples). Extremely low algal densities in some subramples made it impractical to count 500 units and fewer were counted. Counts were made l using a microscope (430X) and a Palmer counting cell. Higher magnification.

including electron microscopy, was used for some identifications. Algae were j identified by Dr. Lowe to genus and the more abundant forms to species using 7

keys by Hustedt (Ref. 4.2-23) and Prescott (Ref. 4.2-24).

In 1985, a total of 45 genera of algae was collected in 24 samples from acrylic plates upstream from the intake (SSES); 46 genera were found in 24 samples taken downstream from the discharge (Bell Bend). Thirty-eight of the '

genera were found at both sites. None of the 15 genera that occurred at only I one site compoced more than 1% of the total units counted in any replicate.

~

These data are summarized in Tables 4.2-6 and 4.2-7.

i lO l . 4-7 l . _ _ _ . , - -

At SSES and Bell Bend, 19 species of periphytic algae were identified that composed 5% or more of the total units counted in at least one replicate sample (Table 4.2-8). For the fourth consecutive year, green algae (Chlorophyta) were less abundant than in 1981 (Fig. 4.2-3), but they were relatively more abundant in 1985 (20% of the total standing crop) than in 1984, when Chlorophyta composed 14% of the total. The mean standing crop of green algae decreased from 1,400 units /mm2 in 1981 to 600 units /mm in 1982 and remained 2

at the same level in 1983. In 1984, there were only 100 units /mm ; in 1985, there were 300 units /mm2 . The most abundant species of green algae were Scenedesmus spp. (mostly S_. falcatus and S. quadricauda) which composed 10% of the total standing crop at the two sites combined (Tables 4.2-6 and 4.2-7).

The mean standing crop of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) fluctuated again in 1985 as it has throughout the study. In 1981, for example, the standing crop was t 2

800 units /mm  ; it increased slightly to 900 units /mma in 1982 and then decreased to 500 units /mm2 in 1983. In 1984, diatom density increased to 600 2

units /mm  ; in 1985, it more than doubled with 1,300 units /mm2 . Diatoms were relatively more abundant at Bell Bend in 1985 (86% of the total) than at SSES (69% of the total). Overall, diatoms composed 79% of the total periphyton at the two sites. In 1981, diatoms composed 37% of the total algae collected (Ref. 4.2-25), and in 1982, they composed 58% (Ref. 4.2-26) . Diatoms composed 42% of the algae collected in 1983 (Ref. 4.2-27); in 1984, they composed 82%

(Ref. 4.2-28). The most abundant forms included Cyclotella spp. and Navicula spp., which composed 45% and 10% of the total standing crop at the two sites combined, respectively (Tables 4.2-6 and 4.2-7). Cyclotella spp. were more abundant at Bell Bend (56%) than at SSES (28%). Navicula spp., on the other hand, were more abundant at SSES (12%) than at Bell Bend (8%).

Numbers of blue-green algae (Cyanophyta) decreased from 4% of the total standing crop in 1984 to 1% in 1985. In 1981 and 1982, blue-greens composed less than 1% of the total. Schizothrix calcicola was the most abundant species in 1985 (Table 4.2-8).

Most of the algae found were " clean water" forms and only six cf the 19 abundant species in the samples were among the top 20 species tisted by Palmer (Ref. 4.2-29) as being most tolerant of heavy organic pollution. These were Nitzschia palea, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Ankistrodesmus falcatus, Melosira varians, Cyclotella menghiniana, and Navicula cryptocephala. Most of the 14 species of abundant diatome (Table 4.2-8) were rated as "alkaliphilous" by Love (Ref. 4.2-30); four were rated " indifferent" and three were " unknown."

In 1982, periphyton abundance on acrylic plates was about equal at Bell Bend and SSES, with an average of 1,500 unf ts/mm2 . In 1983, much more periphyton occurred at Bell Bend (1,700 units /mm2 ) than at SSES (600 units /mm2 ). In 1984, periphyton density was higher at SSES (1,000 units /mm 2 ) than at Bell Bend (600 units /mm2 ). In 1985, periphyton density was higher at Bell Bend (2,000 units /mm2 ) than at SSES (1,300 units /mm2 ). Density peaked at both .

2 sites in August at 4,100 units /mm . Such differences are not unuenal and have occurred at other times since the study began (Fig. 4.2-3).

4-8 O

~ . .

{- Overall, 2the mean density of periphyton at SSES and Bell Bend in 1985 (1,600 s units /mm ) increased from the 800 units /mm2 found in 1984 (Fig. 4.2-3); the 1984 mean was the lowest recorded since the study began in 1977. The results of the 1985 sampling program do not indicate any adverse impact upon the periphyton community resulting from operation of the Susquehanna SES; the increase in abundance of periphyton at both sites was probably due to below normal river levels throughout much of 1985 (Ref. 4.?-31) and above normal river temperatures in the spring. In previous years (Ref. 4.2-32), it was observed that periods of high river discharge, prior to sampling, washed away much of the periphyton which had colonized soft, silty sediments on river stones.

Phytoplankton in samples collected at SSES in 1985 was nearly identical to that in samples taken at Bell Bend, as it has been in previous years (Fig.

4.2-4). There was a total of 43 genera of algae in four samples at SSES and 38 genera in four samples from Bell Bend (Tables 4.2-9 and 4.2-10).

Thirty-four genera were found at both sites. None of the 13 genera that occurred at only one site composed more than 1% of the total units counted.

In 1985, as in 1984, green algae were the major component of the phytoplankton, composing 47% of the total standing crop. Scenedesmus spp.

were the most abundant green algae at both sites in 1985 with a mean density of 1,300 units /ml (Tables 4.2-9 and 4.2-10). Scenedesmus composed about 12%

of the total standing crop; S_. bicaudatus and S_. quadricauda were the most abundant species. Ankistrodesmus spp. were also abtndant (10% of the total) with a mean density of 1,000 units /ml at Bell Bend and SSES; A. falcatus was the most abundant species.

Diatoms were slightly less abundant and composed 45% of the total standing crop at both sites. Cyclotella spp. were the main diatoms at both sites and composed about 28% of the total standing crop, C. meneghiniana and C_.

pseudostelligera were the most abundant species. Stephanodiscus invisitatus was also abundant and composed about 10% of the total standing crop at both-sites (Tables 4.2-9 and 4.2-10).

In 1985, blue-green algae were more abundant at SSES and Bell Bend (8% of the total standing crop) than they were in 1984 (4% of the total). Only one species, Merimopedia tenissima, was abundant (Table ,4.2-11).

ih ven species of phytoplankton composed 5% or more of the total units counted in at least one sample from the two sites (Table 4.2-11). Phytoplankton was more abundant in 1985 (11,000 units /ml) than in 1984 (3,500 units /ml).

Most of the phytoplankton found were " clean water" forms and only three of the abundant species (S,. quadricauda, A. falcatus, and C. meneghiniana) were among the top 20 species listed by Palmer (Ref. 4.2-29) as being most tolerant of heavy organic pollution. Most of the species of abundant diatoms were rated as "alkaliphilous" by Lowe (Ref. 4.2-30); two were rated " indifferent," and one was rated " unknown."

O 4-9 l

t . .

1 The 1985 phytoplankton community mean (10,600 units /ml) was only about one-half as great as the previous high (25,700 units /ml in 1981), but was more than triple the standing crop in 1984 (3,500 units /ml). This increase could be attributed to below normal river levels throughout much of 1985 (Ref.

4.2-31) and above normal river temperatures in the spring. Clay and silt particles, usually associated with increased river level, can act as a l

" nucleus" which aggregates phytoplankton into such a large mass that it l settles from the water column (Ref. 4.2-20). l The results of the 1985 sampling program do not indicate any adverse impact upon the phytoplankton community resulting from Susquehanna SES operation.

4.2.5.2 BENTHIC MACR 0 INVERTEBRATES Density and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates in the Susquehanna River near the Susquehanna SES were monitored since 1972 and 1975, respectively, to establish a baseline of preoperational conditions (Refs. 4.2-33 through 4.2-42). Unit 1 of the Susquehanna SES became operational in September 1982.

Data collected after that date were considered operational (Refs. 4.2-43 through 4.2-45). The objective of the operational studies was to determine if the power station had any impact on the macroinvertebrate community downriver from the discharge diffuser.

From 1978 through 1984, benthic macroinvertebrates were collected in April, June, and October at two stations (four sites) near the Susquehanna SES (Fig.

4.2-1; samples were not collected in April in 1983-84, because of high river level). Two sites (SSES I and II) are 850 m upriver from the intake structure, and two (Bell Bend I and III) are 710 m downriver from the discharge diffuser (Table 4.2-12). Sampling sites remained the same in 1985.

On 16-17 April and 17-20 June, three samples were collected at each site; one was for biomass and two were for density estimates. On 6-7 August and 9-10 October, one sample was collected at each site for biomass estimates. I Samples were collected by a scuba diver, using a dome suction sampler (Ref.

4.2-46). After the sampler was lowered from a boat to the river substrate, a scuba diver moved it upriver to the first undisturbed area where an adequate seal between the sampler band and the substrate could be established. The diver then vacuumed the substrate inside.the sampler (0.163 2m ) for five minutes with a screened intake nozzle leading to the sampler's pump.

Sediments (silt, sand, and fine gravel) and organisms were pumped into a nylon l net (216-micron mesh). The diver carefully vacuumed large stones within the I dome sampler and then discarded them.

During each sampling period, one sample collected at each site was used for l biomass estimates. It was washed and sieved through a U.S. Standard No. 20 i sieve (841-micron mesh). The biomass sample was refrigerated (or kept in ice I water) until organisms were sorted. Processing was completed within 12 hours1.388889e-4 days <br />0.00333 hours <br />1.984127e-5 weeks <br />4.566e-6 months <br /> of collection. By chilling the sample, it was possible to avoid the use of preservatives which distort organism weight (Refs. 4.2-47 and 4. 2-48) . Before molluscs were weighed, their shells were decalcified in 1% hcl. Sorted organisms were drigd in aluminum foil containers at 100 C for at least 12 '

hours, then cooled to room temperature, and weighed on a Mettler H10W balance.

4-10

O In April and June, the other two replicates from each site were used for density estimates. Soon after collection, they were washed, sieved (U.S.

Standard No. 60, 250-micron mesh), and preserved (10% buffered formalin) for storage. Later, the residue was placed in white pans for sorting. Readily visible specimens (except naidids and chironomids) were removed, identified, and counted.

Estimates of the number of naidids, chironomids, and other organisms left in the sample were obtained by counting organisms in a subsample of the total residue using a dissecting microscope (10-70X). Naidids and chironomids were counted from 1/23 of the residue; other organisms were counted from 1/4 of the residue. Both the 1/23 and 1/4 subsamples were a composite of three randomly selected portions of the total residue. The number of organisms found in the subsample was multiplied by the appropriate conversion f actor (23 or 4) and then added to the total number of organisms previously sorted from pans. The '

number of organisms per square meter was determined by multiplying the number of organisms per sample by 6.1.

Invertebrates were identified (usually to genus or species) using taxonomic keys cited in Ref. 4.2-45. Some chironomids had to be mounted on microscope slides and examined with a compound microscope (40-1000X) for identification.

Macroinvertebrate sample similarity was analyzed according to abundance and taxonomic composition using BASIC computer programs and a Hewlett-Packard 9830-A computer. Chance and Deutsch (Ref. 4.2-49) found that the Bray and Curtis index (Ref. 4.2-50) was the best of four similarity indexes for

(' analysis of Susquehanna River macroinvertebrate samples. The similarity matrix.was then subjected to a cluster analysis by a group-average sorting technique (Ref. 4.2-51).

The mean macroinvertebrate density in April and June 1985 (stations combined) 2 was 39,200 org/m (Table 4.2-13), 43% greater than that found in 1984 and 45%

greater than the mean density found from 1978 to 1984 (Fig. 4.2-5).

Chironomids composed 42% of the total number of organisms collected in 1985; hydropsychid caddisflies and oligochaetes composed 30% and 15% of the total, respectively (Table 4.2-13). A listing of the macroinvertebrates collected in dome samples since 1975 is in Table 4.2-14. No new species were added in

.1985, though Eukiefferiella spp. was collected for the first' time at Bell Bend.

Mean density at SSES was more than twice that at Bell Bend (Fig. 4.2-5). At SSES, the total number of organisms was composed primarily of hydropsychids and chironomids (Fig. 4.2-6). At Bell Bend, 56% of the total organisms were chironomida; naidids and hydropsychids each composed 12% of the total (Table 4.2-15).

U 4-11

Mean macroinvertebrate density in April was more than 3-fold greater than mean density in April 1978-82 (Fig. 4.2-7). High river flows generally occu'r in lh the early spring due to snow melt ard/or rainfall in upper Pennsylvania and lower New York. High flow generally results in catastrophic drift of macroinvertebrates and thus contributes to lower benthic density. In 1985, however, mean flow between 1 January and the beginning of April sampling period was lower than in any year since 1978 (Table 4.2-16). The maximum flow during this period was only 1,581 m8 /s (14 March), considerably less than in previous years. Under these conditions, scouring of the river bed that often takes place in the spring did not occur; this was probably the main reason macroinvertebrate density was unusually high in 1985.

Chironomids were the most abundant macroinvertebrates in April, composing 48%

of the total number collected at both stations combined (Fig. 4.2-6).

Rheotanytarsus spp. and Cricotopus spp. were the most abundant chironomid genera. Naidid worms and hydropsychid caddisflies each composed 20% of the total density (Table 4.2-15).

At SSES, mean April density was 46,500 org/m 2 ; this was almost 4-fold the density from 1978 to 1982 (Fig. 4.2-7). Chironomids composed 43% of the total density; Rheotanytarsus spp, and Cricotopus spp. were the most abundant genera. Hydropsychids and naidids composed 27% and 22% of the total, respectively.

At Bell Bend, density in April was 3-fold greater than the mean from 1978 to 1982 (Fig. 4.2-7). Chironomids composed 60% of the June density; Nanocladius spp., Cricotopus spp., Microtendipes sp., and Rhectanytarsus spp. were the most abundant genera. Unlike in previous years, Microtendipes sp. was slightly more abundant at site I (2,100 org/m ) than at site III (1,900 org/m 2). Naidids composed 16% of the total density; nematodes and hydropsychids each composed 6% of the total.

In June, ocan macroinvertebrate density was over 3-fold greater than in June 1984. It was almost twice the mean of the previous seven years (Fig. 4.2-7).

Hydropsychids and chironomids each composed 38% of the total number of macroinvertebrates. Cheumatopsyche spp. composed 88% of the hydropsychids.

Microtendipes sp., Polypedilum spp., and Thienemannimyia gr. composed 75% of the chironomids.

At SSES, mean density in June was more than twice the mean of the previous seven years (Fig. 4.2-7). Hydropsychids and chironomids composed 78% of the total.

Polypedilum spp. , Microtendipes sp. , and Thienemannimyia gr. were the most abundant chironomids. Naidids composed 9% of the total density.

At Bell Bend, mean June density was 25% greater than the mean of the previous seven years (Fig. 4.2-7). Chironomids (mostly Microtendipes sp., Polypedilum spp., and Thienemannimyia gr.) composed 52% of the total density.

Hydropsychids and naidids compose,d 18% and 8% of the total, respectively.

Sphaeriid clams composed 5% of the total density.

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(

s In the cluster analysis, samples were grouped by season before they were grouped by station or site (Fig. 4.2-8), indicating that saasonal differences in the macroinvertebrate community were more important than station and site differences. Since 1979, the cluster analysis usually segregated SSES samples from those at Bell Bend within a sampling period, suggesting that macroinvertebrate communities at the two stations were seasonally distinct.

The mean macroinvertebrate biomass in 1985 (Table 4.2-17) was 31% greater than the mean of the previous seven years. Trichopterans and ephemeropterans composed 57% and 16%, respectively, of the total mean biomass (Table 4.2-17).

2 Biomass at SSES was 4.5 g/m  ; trichopterans composed 73% of the total.

Biomass at Bell Bend was 1.8 g/m2 and was composed primarily of dipterans, ephemeropterans, and trichopterans. Dry weight of trichopterans at SSES was more than 10-fold that at Bell Bend (Table 4.2-17). Mean biomass at Bell Bend has remained relatively stable during the past seven years (Fig. 4.2-5).

Since 1978, annual mean biomass at SSES has been between 2- and 5-fold greater than at Bell Bend. Differences in macroinvertebrate biomass at the two stations were largely attributed to differences in substrate and river current. For example, SSES is located in a riffle area which is more suitable than Bell Bend for rheophilic organisms, such as hydropsychids.

Combined mean biomass at both stations was greatest in April (5.5 g/m2 ) and decreased during each subsequent sampling period (Table 4.2-17). By October, combined mean biomass was 1.5 g/m 2 . Biomass at SSES was between 2- and 3-fold greater than at Bell Bend in each sampling period. At SSES, trichopterans composed more than 50% of the biomass collected during each sampling period.

[h N- #

At Bell Bend, dipterans predominated in April and August and ephemeropterans, in June and October.

Macroinvertebrate density and biomass steadily increased at both stations between 1977 and 1980 (Fig. 4.2-5). This followed a six-year period of significant (P less than 0.05) improvement.in Susquehanna River water quality (Ref. 4.2-52) . In particular, there was a decrease in acid mine drainage, which was found to suppress the macroinvertebrate community in the study area (Ref. 4.2-53). Since 1978, no significant trends in water quality improvement have been observed at either SSES or Bell Bend (Ref. 4.2-54) . River ,

temperature and flow in the months preceding the sampling periods seem to be l

determining factors which control macroinvertebrate density.

The Susquehanna SES has had no detectable impact on the macroinvertebrate community downriver from the discharge diffuser. {

1 l

l 4-13

REFERENCES 4.2-1 Ruhe, R. M. and J. D. Montgomery. 1979. Birds. Pages 250-283 g T.

V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1978). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-2 Gross, D. A., R. M. Ruhe, and J. D. Montgomtry. 1980. Birds. Pages 250-288 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susque-hanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1979). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-3 Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1981. Birds. Pages 255-295 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River 7 n

'the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1980). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-4 Gross, D. A., D. G. Richie, and J. D. Montgomery. 1982. Birds.

Pages 279-325 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1981 annual report). Ichthyological Asso'ciates, Inc.,

Berwick, PA.

4.2-5 Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1983. Birds. Pages 286-342 g T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1982 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-6 Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1984. Birds. Pages 283-326 g T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1983 annual report).

4.2-7 Gross, D. A. and J. D. Montgomery. 1985. Birds. Pages 286-331 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.). Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in

, the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1984 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-8 American Ornithologists' Union. 1983. Checklist of North American birds, 6th ed. Allen r'ress, Inc., Lawrence KS.

877 pp. 4.2-9 U.S.

Department of the Interior. 1979. List of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. Federal Register 44: 3636-3654 4.2-10 Gill, F. B. (ed.). 1985. Birds. Pages 299-351 in H. M. Genowavs and F. J. Brenner (eds.), Species of special concern in Pennsylvania.

Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA.

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1 l

d 4.2-11 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 1985. Local O.. - climatological data, monthly summaries (Jan-Dec, 1985) at Wilkes-I Barre /Scranton Airport, Avoca, Pennsylvania. Nat. Climatic Cent., l

, Asheville, NC.

i 4.2-12 Burt, W. M. and R. P. Grossenheider.. 1964. A field guide to the mammals. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA. 284 pp.

4.2-13 Hall, E. R. and K. R. Kelson. 1959. The mammals of North America, vol. 1. Roland Press Co., New York, NY 546 pp.

l 4.2-14 Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society encyclopedia of North American birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, NY. 1109 pp.

4.2-15i Pettingill, O. S. 1970.~ Ornithology in laboratory and field.

Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis, MN. 524 pp.

4.2-16 Edmunds, P. R., H. K. Roffman, and R. C. Maxwell. 1975. Some terrestrial considerations associated with cooling-tower systems for i electric power generation. Pages 393-407 in S. R. Hanna and J. Pell (coordinators), Cooling tower environment-1974. Nat. Tech. Info.

i Serv., U.S. Dept. Comm., Springfield, VA.

4.2-17 Cochran, W. W. and R. R. Graber. 1958. Attraction of nocturnal migrants by lights on a television tower. Wilson Bull. 70: 378-380.

() 4.2-18 Marsden, J. E., T. C. Williams, V. Krauthamer, and H. Krauthamer.

1980. Effect of nuclear power plant lights on' migrants. J. Field Ornithol. 51: 315-318. ,

J 4.2-19 Susquehanna Steam Electric. Station, unit 1, 1982 Annual Environmental

Operating Report-(Non-radiological), Pennsylvania Power & Light

} Company, Allentown, Pennsylvania, April 1983.

4.2-20 Gale, W. F., T. V. Jacobsen, and K. M. Smith. 1976, Iron, and its role in a river polluted by mine effluents. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 50:

182-195.

4.2-21 Gale, W. F. 1975. Ultrasonic removal of epilithic algae in a bar-

, clamp sampler. J. Phycol. 11: 472-473. '

i 4.2-22 Gale, W. F. and R. L. Lowe. 1971. Phytoplankton ingestion by the i

fingernail clam, Sphaerium transversum (Say), in Pool 19, Mississippi j -River. Ecology 52: 507-513.

. 4.2-23 Hustedt, F. 1930. Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae). In A. Pascher 3

(ed.), Die Susswasser - Flora Mitteleuropas. Heft 10. Gustav Fisher

. Verlag, Jena, viii. 466 pp.

i 4.2-24 Prescott, G. W. 1962. Algae of-the western Great Lakes area.

William C. Brown Co., Dubuque, IA. 977 pp.

O 4-15 l

i .

4.2-25 Curzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1982. Algae. Pages 48-82 g T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1981 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-26 Gurzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1983. Algae'. Pages 47-82 in T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1982 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-27 Gurzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1984. Algae. Pages 58-82 in T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1983 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-28 Gurzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1985. Algae. Pages 54-76 in T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1984 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, Pa.

4.2-29 Palmer C. M. 1969. A composite rating of algae tolerating organic pollution. J. Phycol. 5: 78-82.

4.2-30 Lowe, R. L. 1974. Environmental requirements and pollution tolerance of freshwater diatoms. Nat. Environ. Res. Cent., EPA-670/

4-74-005. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. 334 PP.

4.2-31 Soya, W. J. and T. V. Jacobsen. 1986. Physicochemical analyses. M T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1985 annual report). Ecology III, Inc., Berwick, PA. (in press).

4.2-32 Gurzynski, A. J. and W. F. Gale. 1978. Algae. Pages 35-67 g T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1977). Ichthyological Associates. Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-33 Ichthyological Associates, Inc. 1973. An ecological study of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Berwick, Pennsyl-vania (progress report for the period January-December 1972). Pa.

Power and Light Co., Allentown, PA. 658 pp.

4.2-34 Ichthyological Associates, Inc. 1974. An ecological study of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Berwick, Pennsyl-vania (progress report for the period January-December 1973). Pa.

Power and Light Co., Allentown, PA. 838 pp.

4-16 O

1

4.2-35 Deut'sch, W. G. 1976a. Macroinvertebrates. Pages97-140 in T. V.

(- ') Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (progress report for the period January-December 1974). Ichthyo-logical Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-36 Deutsch, W. G. 1976b. Macroinvertebrates. Pages 123-161 in T. V.

Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the North Branch Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1975). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-37 Deutsch, W. G. 1977. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages 36-69 in T.

V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanne Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1976). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-38 Deutsch, W. G. 1978. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages68-119 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1977). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-39 Sabin, L., W. G. Deutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1979. Benthic macroinver-tebrates. Pages86-119 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam

-"s Electric Station (annual report for 1978). Ichthyological g_) Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-40 Sabin-Zelenak, L., W. G. Deutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1980. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages79-115 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susauehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1979). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-41 Deutsch, W. G., W. F. Gale, and L. Sabin-Zelenak. 1981. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages80-120 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1980). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-42 Deutsch, W. G., L. S. Imes, and W. F. Gale. 1982. Benthic macro-invertebrates. Pages83-123 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1981 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-43 Deutsch, W. G., J. L. Meyer, and W. F. Gale. 1983. Benthic macro-invertebrates. Pages83-120 in T. V. Jacobsen.(ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1982 annual. report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

O(~%

4-17

s 4:2-44 Deutsch, W. G., J. L. Meyer, L. S. Zelenak, and W. F. Gale. 1984.

Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages83-114 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), h Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1983 annual report). Ichthyo-logical Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-45 Zelenak, L. S., W. G. Deutsch, and W. F. Gale. 1985. Benthic macroinvertebrates. Pages77-111 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1984 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc., Berwick, PA.

4.2-46 Gale, W. F. and J. D. Thompson. 1975. A suction sampler for quantitatively sampling benthos on rocky substrates in rivers. Trans.

Am. Fish. Soc. ,104(2): 398-405.

4.2-47 Howmiller, R. P. 1972. Effects of preservatives on weights of some common macrobenthic invertebrates. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 101(4):

743-746.

4.2-48 Wiederholm, T. and L. Eriksson. 1977. Effects of alcohol-preservation on the weight of some benthic invertebrates. Zoon 5:

29-31.

4.2-49 Chance, J. M. and W. G. Deutsch. 1980. A comparison of four similarity indexes in the cluster analysis of Susquehanna River macrobenthic samples. Proc. Pa. Acad. Sci. 54.: 169-173.

4.2-50 Bray, J. R. and J. T. Curtis. 1957. An ordination of the upland forest communities of southern Wisconsin. Ecol. Monogr. 27(3):

325-348.

4.2-51 Clifford, H. T. and W. Stephenson. 1975. An introduction to numerical classification. Academic Press, New York, NY. 229 pp.

4.2-52 Soya, W. J. and T. V. Jacobsen. 1979. Physicochemical analyses.

Pages 3-42 in T..V. Jacobsen (ed.), Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (annual report for 1978). Ichthyological Associates, Inc.,

Berwick, PA.

4.2-53 Deutsch, W. G. 1981. Suppression of macrobenthos in an iron- -

pollutad stretch of the Susquehanna River (Pennsylvania). Proc. Pa. l Acad. Sci. 55: 37-42. ,

l 4-18 O

l l

s 4.2-54 Soya, W. J. and T. V. Jacobsen. 1985. Physicochemical analyses.

Pages 7-54 in T. V. Jacobsen (ed.),- Ecological studies of the Susquehanna River in the' vicinity of the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (1984 annual report). Ichthyological Associates, Inc.,

Berwick, PA.

4.2-55 Cummins, K. W. 1962. An evaluation of some techniques for the collection and analysis of benthic samples with special emphasis on lotic waters. Am. Midl. Nat. 67(2): 477-504.

i i J '

7 4

4 l

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v 4-19 i

4 4

- - - , _ - - ,, . , . , , - , , , , , , , . . , , _ , - , , ., . , . _ , , ,,..,,,,..n,,,,. ,, . . , ,n-, ,. , , ,,, ,y

. - . - .. . . = , ..

Table 4.2-1 Species of birds collected at the Unit 1 and : cooling towers of the Susquehanna SES. 1978-85.

An asterisk (*) denotes species found in 1985.

4 Accipitridae Emberizidae (cont.)

Accipiter cooperii - Cooper's hawk Wilsonia pusilla - Wilson's warbler W. canadensis - Canada warbler Columbidae Icteria virens - yellow-breasted chat Columba livia - rock dove Parulinae spp. - warbler spp.

Piransa olivacea - scarlet tanager Picidae Piransa sp. - tanager sp.

Picoides pubescens - downy woodpecker Pheucticus ludovicianus - rose-breasted Colaptes auratus - northern flicker grosbeak Cuirace caerulea - blue grosbeak Tyrannidae Spias americana - dickcissel Contopus virens - eastern wood-powee Spinella pusilla - field sparrow Empidonax flaviventris - yellow-bellied flycatcher Melospira lincolnii - Lincoln's sparrow E. virescens - Acadian flycatcher M. aeorgiana - swamp sparrow E. minimus - least flycatcher Zonocrichia leucophrys - white-crowned

sparrow Sittidae Junco hyemalis - dark-eyed junco Sitta canadensis - red-breasted nuthatch Ammodramus savannarum - grasshopper S,. carolinensis - white-breasted nuthatch sparrow .

• Dolichonyx orysivorous - bobolink Carthiidae 1cterus selbula - northern oriole Cerchia americana - brown creeper Troglodytidae Fringillidae

• Troslodytes aedon - house wren Carpodacus purpureus - purple finch Muscicapidae

• Resulus satrapa - golden-crowned kinglet

• R,. calendula - ruby-crowned kinglet '

Catharus suttatus - hermit thrush Rylocichla mustelina - wood thrush f

g Misidae

• Dumatella carolinensis - gray catbird Toxostoma rufum - brown thrasher Vireonidae Vireo ariseus - white-eyed vireo V. solitarius - solitary vireo

• V. flavifrons - yellow-throated vireo V,. philadelphicus - Philadelphia vireo V. milvus - warbling vireo

• V,. olivaceus - red-eyed vireo Vireo app. - vireo spp.

Emberizidae Vermivora pinus - blue-winged warbler

• 7. chrysoptera - golden-winged warbler

• Y. perearina - Tennessee warbler

• Y. ruficapilla - Itashv111e warbler i'

Farula americana - northern parula Dendroica petechia - yellow warbler j D. pensylvanica - chestnut-sided verbler D. magnolia - magnolia warbler D. tiarina - Cape May warbler D. caerulescens - black-throated blue warbler

$. coronata-yellow-rumpedwarbler

,

• D,. virens - black-throated green warbler

• D. fusca - Blackburnian warbler

j. pinus-pinewarbler D. discolor - prairie warbler D,. palmarus - pela warbler

• D. castanea - bay-breasted warbler D. striata = blackpoll warbler Mniotilta varia - black-and-white warbler ,

Setophans ruticella - American redstart I

Helaitheros versivorus - worm-eating warbler

• Seiurus aurocapillus - ovenbird Oporornis formosus - Kentucky warbler l

0. La ilis - Connecticut warbler

• Geothlysis trichas - common yellowthroat

---n -

-., , , , , , - - - -...,o, .--- ,,- , - . - - - , ,, , - - , . , _ , . . . , - - , . - . , ,,.e ,,., --~ , .-,- -m-

- .. . . . - . .. ... _- . . . _~ .-

2 Table 4.2-2

, Weekly bird iq> action totals fra Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers, 15 March through 7 June 1965.

MAR APR MAY JUN FAMILY / SPECIES 18-22 25-29 1-4 a-12 15-19 22-26 29-3 6-10 13-17 'G-24 28-31 M TOTAL UNIT 1 MUSCICAPIDAE RUBY-CROWNED kit!GLET C 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

VIREONIDAE

) RED-EYED VIREO O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 i

i TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 i TOTAL SPECIES 0 0- 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 6 8 4

UNIT 2 TROGLODTTIDAE HOUSE WREN . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 EMBERIIIDAE GOIAEN-WINGED WAR 8LER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

] COPWOON YELLOWTHROAT C 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 i i

TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 3 TOTAL SPECIES 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 3

\

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i

-4 _ - _ , . . . . - . _ . - - * . , , n . . . _ _ - < - ..,; . _ . . . _ _ . . ., ._, ~ , - . . , . - , = - -

, . . . . ,_ . . _ . , - _ . - ._. _ . - - ~.. . . . . _ , . . , . _ . . . - .

4 Table 4.2-3 I \ Weekly bird impaction totals fran Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers. 19 August through 9 November 1985.

AUC SEP OCT NOV ,

FAMILY / SPECIES 19-23 26-30 3-6 9-13 16-20 23-27 J0-4 7-11 14-1s 21-25 28-1 4-8 TOTAL i CNIT 1 i

, MUSCICAPIDAE i GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGLET C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0~ 1 RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 NIMIDAE GRAY CATBIRD 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

! VIREONIDAE

! YELLOW-TNROATED VIREO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 RED-EYED VIREO O O O 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 EMBERIIIDAE SLACR-TNDOATED GREEN I' WAMMR 0 0 0 0 0 C 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 OVENSIRD 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 C 0 0 0 1 CosWe0N YELLOWTRROAT 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 -3 90BOLINE O O O 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

, TOTAL INDIVIDUALS 0 0 0 7 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 13 i TOTAL SPECIES 0 0 0 5 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 9 i

4 I

i UNIT 2 1

EMBERIIIDAE suck-TRROATED GREEN I. WARSLER 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 SLACKSURNIAN WARsLER 0 0 0 '1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 SAY-BREASTED WARSLER 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0- 1 C0fG40N TELLOWTNROAT C 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 '

s TOTAL INDIVIDUALS O 0 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 j TOTAL SPECIES 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 4

+

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O O O Table 4.2-4 Sheet 1 SUS 0lJEllANNA SES liaintenance of Transmission I.ine Corridors Selective Ilerbicide Application 1985 Stanton - Susouehanna A Montnnr susnuehanna (Parallel) Susouehanna Year Line Names Division ,

Herbicides Additives Carrier Alt. Commercial Actlye -Acid Phf[00 h}*

No. Name Ingredient Equiv. Solution CoTameercial Phbokk'hionIal' I

Name Ph'oudkionN! I.

1 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 3?/ gal. 2 qts. clean cut water 99 gal.

Tordon 101 7 Picloram .54#/ gal. 2 qts. clean way 6 oz.

2#/ gal.

'( (2.4-D)

Application Data Total Application Total Total Pounds Pounds Alt. No. Of Gallons Rate Gallons Rate Acid Per N3. Acres Solution Gal./A. Concentrate Gal./A. . Equivalent Acre 1 8.9 250 28.09 Garlon 3A 1.25 .14 Triclopyr 3.75 .42 Tordon 101 1.25 .14 Picloram .67 .07

. 2.4-D 2.50 .28 Totals: 2.50 .28 6.92 .//

Alt. No. Application Dates I.ocation By Grid No.

From To Prom To 1 R-5-85 R-5-85 44394n34285 44290n34277 44290n34277 44224n34273 Supervisor of Distribution Services 717-327-5306 Old US Route 220, P.O. Box 158, Montoursville, Pa. 17754 m '

O O O Table 4.2-4 Sheet 2 SUSOUEllANNA SES 11aintenance of Transmission I.ine Corridors Selective !!crbicide Application 1985 Stanton - Susnuehanna & Montour - Susomehanna ( ParallelI Susonehanna Year Line Names Division Herbicides Additives Carrier Alt. Commercial Active Acid PE[00 I* al  !!ame P O No. Name Ingredient Equiv. Soliition CoTamercial Pbokb'kion. oukionaI.

2 Krenite S Fosamine 4.00/ gal. 1.5 qal. clean way 6 oz. water 100 cal, clean cut 1 qt.

I Application Data Total Application Total Total Pounds Pounds Alt. No. Of Gallons Rate Gallons Rate Acid Per No. Acres Solution Gal./A. Concentrate Gal./A. Eqtiivalent Acre 2 10.67 1,000 93.72 15 1.40 60 5.6?

Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.

From To From To 2 8-24-85 8-24-85 44016n34256 . 43998n34322 44016n34256 44069n34259 44069n34259 44128n34271 44128n34271 44447n34271 44394n34285 44447n34289 Supervisor of Distribution Services 717-327-5306 Old US Route 220, P.O. Box 158, fiontoursville, Pa.17754 m i ., niinne .ut re ss

]

-O O O Sheet 3 Table 4.2.4 SUS 0llEllANNA SES liaintenance of Transmission I.ine Corridors Selective Ilerbicide Application 1985 Susquehanna - Wescosville 500 KV Central Year Line Names Division Herbicides . Additives Carrier Alt.

No.

Commercial Name Acti e Ingred ent Acid Equiv.

P'e [00 ak .'

Solution CoTameercial e

P'"kokO!al ion:

lame Ph o

I kion$*

1 Garlon 3A Triclopyr 31b./ gal. .5 gal. Clean way 6 oz. Water 99 gal.

Tordon 101 J Picloram . 54-l b/qal . .5 gal. Clean cut 1 at.

(2,4-D 2}b./ gal.

Application Data Total Application Total Total Pounds l'ounds Alt. No. Of Gallons flate Gallons Rate Acid Per No. Acres Solution Gal./A. Concentrate. Gal./A. Equivalent Acre 1 416.45 37,125 89.15 Garlon 3A-187.5 .45 562.50 1.35 Tordon 101-1R7.5 .45 Picinram-101.96 .24 2,4-D - 375.00 .90 Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.

From To From To 1 6-3-85 7-19-85 44403 n 33148 45132 n 33489 45625 n 33830 46407 n 33647 46502 n 33634 47333 n 33584 4/4b2 n 33634 50196 n 34602 52674 n 35040 53083 n 33973 53151 n 33790 53438 n 32896 Supervisor of Dis'tribution Services 717-459-7414 344 S. Poplar Street, Hazleton, Pa. 18201-7155 7 mm Add wwe m.*

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' Table 4.2-4 Sheet 5 SUS 0llEIIANNA SES 11aintenance of Transmission I.ine Corridors Selective Ilerbicide Application 1985 Susquehanna - Wescosville 500 KV Central Year Line Names Division lierbicides Additives Carrier Alt. Commercial Active Acid P'e [00 $$

No. Name Ingredient Equiv. Solut2on CoTamercial Ph"kokh'a!1onaIl Name PbEdkionI Solu I.

2 Krenite Fosaming 4-l b . /ca l . 1.5 aal. Clean wav 6 oz. Water 100 aal.

Clean cut 1 qt.

Application Data Total Application Total Total Pounds Pounds Alt, No. Of Gallons Ratp Gallons Rate Acid Per No. Acres Solution Gal./A. Concentrate .

Gal./A. Equivalent Acre

? 181.47 18,400 _

101.39 276 1.52 1104 6.OR

~

Alt. No. Application Dates Location By Grid No.

Irom To Prom To 2 8-5-85 9-6-85 50196 n 34602 52674 n 35040 54760 n 31465 54900 n 31370 55114 n 31227 55331 n 31082 55568 n 31087 55746 n 30972 56693 n 30459 57069 n 30113 57542 n 29827 57761 n 29669 Supervisor of Distribution Services 717-459-7414 344 S. Poplar Street, Hazleton, Pa. 18201-7155 ri e i n phone Address

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From To From To Acres From To From To Ft.

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60242 s 48641 60215 s 48757 ,

60215 s 48757 60176 < 4R907 Nr 60141 s 49046 60110 s 49165

• Tntal 8.8 Danger Tree Removals Screen Trimming Dates Grid Location . Dates Grid Location From To From To Trees From To ,

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q Table 4.2-6 Mean density (units /mma) of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at SSES on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

TAXON 12 APR 14 J UN 15 AUG 7 OCT MEAN  % TOTAL CHLORO P9 YT A ACFIN ASTRUM 0.0 0.4 1.1 0.0 0.4 <0.1 ANMISTRODESMUS 1.6 57.6 232.3 12.3 76.0 6.0 C9LAMYDOPONAS 0.0 0.4 32.6 0.0 8.2 0.6 COELASTRUM 0.0 0.0 125.3 1. 5 31.7 2.5 COSMARIU!! 0.3 0.0 2.1 0.6 0.8 a.1 CRUCIGENI A 0.0 1.5 10.9 0.0 3.1 0.2 DICf YOSPil AERIU M 0.0 0.0 40.4 0.0 10.1 0.9 PRANCEIA 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.3 <o.1 MIRCHNEPIELLA 0.0 3. 9 19.6 0.9 5.8 0.5 00CY9 TIS 21.2 16.8 6.6 2. 2 11.7 0.9

. P EDI ASTRUM 0. 3 0.3 33.3 1. 5 8.9 0.7 POLYEDRIOPSIS 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 <0.1 SCENEDESMU3 2.2 45.7 553.6 23.4 156.2 12.3 STAU RASTRUM 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 TET R%EOROM 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.4 <0.1 TET RASTRU!1 0.0 0.0 7.4 0.0 1.8 0.1 UNID ENTIFI ED CHLOROPH YF A 1.6 16.5 165.0 34.8 54.5 4.3 BACILLARIOPilYTA AC!!1ANTHES 0.9 2.3 737.9 0.0 105.3 14.6 AMPHO RA 0.0 0.3 Oa0 0. 3 0.2 <0.1 ASTERIONELLA 1. 9 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.8 0.1 i COCCONEIS 0.6 5.9 0.7 0. 9 2.0 0.2 CYCLOTELLA 9.4 87.3 1269.3 33.0 34 9. 7 27.5 CYMBELLA 22.9 12.1 1.6 0.6 9.3 0.7

( D I ATO'4A 4.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 1.2 0.1 FRACILARIA 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 <0.1 FRUSTULIA 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 < 0'.1 GOMPHON EMA 16.6 13.9 3.3 5.6 9.9 0.8 GYRO 3IGMA 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 <0.1 MCLOSIRA 3. 4 5.3 6.5 4.0 4.8 0.4 ME910 IOP3 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 0. 3' <0.1 NAVICULA 398.d 145.5 25.3 37.3 151.7 11.9 NITZSCHIA 330. 71.2 26.4 25.0 113.2 a9 RHOIC3SPilENIA 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 <0.1 STEPH4NOSISC3S 0.0 109.0 0.0 13.6 30.7 2.4 SURIRELLA 1. 9 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 <0.1 SYNE 0RA 7.3 2.4 0.3 0.3 2.6 0.2 TABELLARI A 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 <0.1 THALASSIOSIRA 0.0 76.5 0.0 0.0 19.1 1.5 CYANOPHYTA CHROOCOCCUS 0.0 6.8 6.0 0.6 3.4 .0. 3 COELOSPHAERIUM 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.3 1.1 0.1 MERISW3 PEDIA 0.0 0.0 8.6 0.0 2.2 0.2 OSCILLATORI A 1. 9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 (0.1 SCHI ZOTHRI X 1. 2 -

0.0 6.8 32.4 10.1 0.8 EUCLENOPH Yf A T R4CHELOM3N AS 0.0 0.0 0.0 2. 2 0.5 co.1 PYRRHOPHYFA PERIDINIUM 0.0 0.0 5.3 0.0 1.3 0.1 RHO 90PHYTA RH000CHO R104 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 <0.1 TOTAL 834.0 685.8 3333.5 235.6

Table 4.2-7 f Mean density (units /mm') of periphytic algae on two acrylic plates submerged for 12 months at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

TAXSN 12 APR 14 JUN 15 AUG 7 OCT MEAN % TOTAL CHLORO PHYr A ACTINASTRUM 0.0 2.1 4.2 ~ 0.0 1.6 0.1 ANKISTRODESnOS 0.0 70.2 73.2 0.0 35.8 1.8 COELAST RUM 0.0 2.7 23.9 0.0 6.6 0.3 COSMARIUM 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.5 <0.1 CRUCIGENIA 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 <0.1 D ICTYO3PH AERIUM 0.0 0.0 7.7 0.0 1.9 0.1 ELAKATO TH RI X . O.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 <0.1 KI RCH4 ERIELLA 0.0 2.7 13.9 0.0 4.2 0.2 OOCYSTIS 15.1 2.9 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.2 PED I 4 STRUM 0.3 2.7 30.4 0.0 8.3 0.4 SCEN ED ESMUS 0.3 124.6 552.5 0.6 169.5 8.6 STAU R4 STRUM 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 <0.1 TET RAEDRON 0.0 0.6 3.5 0.0 1.0 0.1 TET RASTRUM 0.0 3.7 11.2 0.0 3.7 0.2 ULOT!!RI X 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 ' O. 5 <0.1 UNI DENTIFIED CHLOROPHYrA 0.0 21.0 67.6 0.2 22.2 1.1 BACILLARIOPl!YTA ACINANTHES 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.7 <0.1 AMPHIPLEURA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 < 0 .1

• A*1PHORA 0.0 2.7 0.0 0. 0 0.7 <0.1 ASTERIONELLA 0.0 0.0 0.0 1. 3 0.3 <0.1 COCC3NEIS 2.5 37.9 5.0 0.2 11.4 0.6 CYCLOTEL LA 3.1 619.4 3801.3 1. 7 1106.4 56.1 C r*10 E LL A 13.9 60.5 3.2 0.7 19.6 1.0 Q

I OIATOMA EU40TIA 0.6 6.4 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 1.8 0.1

\j PRAGI LARI A 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.5 0.0 0. 2 0.0 3.2

<0.1 0.2 FRUSTULIA 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 <0.1 GOMPHot4 EMA 20.0 38.7 0.3 0.1 14.8 0.8 GYROSIGMA 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 <0.1 H ANTZSCHI A 0.0 0.0 . 2.1 0.0 0.5 (0.1 MELOSIRA 1. 2 26.1 46.5 0.5 18.6 0.9 MERIDION 2.2 3.3 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.1 NAVICULA 337.9 2G8.8 52.5 4.5 165.9 e.4 NITZSCHI A 262.4 116.5 47.5 4.3 10 7. 7 5.5 PINNULARI A 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.0 0.6 <0.1 RHOICOSPHENIA 0.9 6.0 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.1 STEPH4N00!SCUS 0.3 311.4 1.1 0.0 78.2 4.0 SURIRELLA 3. 7 2.7 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.1 SYNE 0RA 2.2 3.8 3.1 0.0 2.3 0.1 THALASSIOSIRA 0.0 619.4 0.0 0.0 154.9 7.8 TROPIDONEIS 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.5 <0.1 CYANOPHYrA CH R00 COCCUS 0.0 10.9 22.8 0.0 8.4 0.4 MERISN3 PEDIA 0.0 0.0 31.1 0.0 7.8 0.4 MICROCYSTIS 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 <0.1 OSCILLATORIA 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 <0.1 SCHI ZOTHRI X 0.0 0.0 9.6 0.9 2. 6 0.1 EUCLENOPHYTA TRACH ELOMONAS 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 <0.1 TOTAL 668.5 2385.4 4822.8 16.1 e

, r-, , - g - - . , - , - - , - - --,

4.2-8 i'

Species.of periphytic algae composing 5% or more 'of the total units counted in at least one replicate sample from SSES or Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River,1985; pH affinity as rated by Love (Ref.

4.2-30): 1 = alkaliphilous, 2 = acidophilous, 3 = indifferent, and 4 = unknown.

'(G'G

Species pH Affinity SSES Bell Bend CHLOROPHYTA Ankistrodessus falcatus Jun, Aug, Oct Jun j oocystis parva Apr. Jun i

Scenedessus falcatus Jun S. quadricauda Jun, Aug, Oct Jun, Aug, Oct 1

BACILI.ARIOPHYTA

Asterionella formosa (1) Oct Cyclotella meneshiniana (1) Aug, Oct Jun, Aug, Oct C. pseudostellisera (1,3) Jun Jun

~Melosira varians (1) Oct

. Navicula cryptocephala (1) Jun Jun N. cryptocephala var. veneta (1) Apr Apr N. gregaria (4) Oct '

4 5. salinarum var. intermedia (4) Oct Oct

5. tripunctata (1) Apr Apr, Jun

! N. viridula (1,3) Apr. Jun Apr Nitzschia dissipata (1) Apr Jun Apr f

N,. pales (1,3) Apr Oct Apr. Oct

< Stephanodiscus invisitatus (4) Jun, Oct Jun Thalassiostra pseudonana (3) Jun Jun CYANOPHYTA Schizothrix calcicola Oct Oct l

1 i

I 1

4 9

t i ,

f i

l i

(

• Table 4.2-%

\

) Density (units / mil of phytoplankton in bimonthly samples (indicated by date and collection number) at SSES on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

12 APR 14 JUN 15 AUC 7 OCT TAXON AJG-8 5-0 03 AJG-8 5-0 34 AJ G-8 5-062 AJG-8 5-094 MEAT 1 % TOTAL CHLOROPHYTA ACTIt3ASTRUM 0 0 167 0 41.7 0.4 Ar4 KI ST ROD ESMUS 11 2179 1500 114 951.1 9.1 CHIAMYDOMONAS 6 154 733 0 223.2 2.1 CLOSTERIOPSIS 0 0 0 3 U.7 <0.1 COELASTRUM 3 26 567 3 149.5 1.4 CRUCICE11A 0 51 200 19 67.7 0.6 DICTYOS PH AERIU M 0 154 1100 17 317.6 3.0 CLARATOTHRI X 0 0 33 0 8.3 0.1 FRA'3CEI A 0 26 33 0 14.7 0.1 KI RCHNER!ELLA 0 103 1233 22 339.5 3.3

'4IC94CTINIUM 0 0 67 11 19.4 0.2 00CYSTI S 8 179 0 3 47.6 0.5 PEDI AST RUM 0 0 33 6 9.7 0.1 POLYEORIOPSIS 0 77 0 0 19.2 0.2 SCEMEDESMUS 3 615 4300 '219 1284.4 12.3 TETRAED ROM 0 51 0 0 12.8 0.1 TTY RASTRUM 0 26 233 11 67.5 0.6 TREUDARI A 0 26 0 0 6.4 0.1 UNIDENTIFIED CHLOROPH YFA 33 4256 1133 108 1382.0 13.2 8ACILLARIOPHYTA ,

AC?INANTHES 6 0 0 6 2.8 <0.1 AMPflO RA 3 0 0 3 1.4 <0.1 ASTERIONELLA 72 0 0 136 ' 52.1 0.5 COCCOMEIS 3 0 0 11 3.5 <0.1 O CYCLOTELLA 236 2231 8767 306 2884.7 27.6

( CYMBELLA 22 26 0 3 12.7 0.1 b DIATOMA 6 0 0 0 1.4 <0.1 PRACILARI A 6 0 0 0 1.4 <0.1 COMPflONEMA 31

• O 33 6 17.4 0.2 MELOSI RA 8 0 167 17 47.9 0.5 MERIDION 8 0 0 0 2.1 <0.1 NAVICULA 169 51 67 44 83.0 0.8 NIT 2SC111A 106 51 133 139 107.3 1.0 RHOICOSPHD31A 8 0 0 0 2.1 <0.1 STEPf!A100!SCUS 411 2897 0 153 865.3 S.3 SURIRELLA 3 0 0 0 0.7 <0.1 SYNEDRA 22 26 0 14 15.4 0.1 THALASS10SIRA 522 1282 0 150 488.6 4.7 CY410PHYFA APHAN120MENON O O O 3 0.7 <0.1 C!!n00 COCCUS 6 333 600 42 245.1 2.3 HE RISN3 PEDI A 0 0 2533 0 633.3 6.1 MICROCYSTIS 0 0 33 0 8.3 0.1 OSCILLATORIA 3 0 0 0 0.7 <0.1 CHRY10PH YtA DIN 06YROM 3 0 0 3 1.4 <0.1 MALLOMONAS 0 0 0 6 1.4 (0.1 TOTAL 1717 14820 23666 1575 10444.7 C

O Table 4.2-10 Density (units /all of phytoplankton in bimonthly samples (indicated by date and collection number) at Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

12 APR 14 JUN 15 AUG 7 OCT TAXON AJ G-8 5-011 AJG-8 5-026 AJG-8 5-070 AJ G-8 5-10 2 4EAN  % FOTAI.

CHLOROPHYrA aCTINASTRUM 0 0 133 0 33.3 0.3 MIKISTRODESMUS 6 2564 1633 86 1072.3 10.0 C!IL4MYDOPONAS 8 154 1167 6 333.6 3.1 CORLASTRUM 0 0 567 0 141.7 1.3 CRUCIGENI A 0 26 200 31 64.0 0.6 OICTYOSPil AERIUM 0 77 1267 8 338.0 3.2  !

FRA1CEI A 0 26 0 0 6.4 0.1 l KI RC!!NERIELLA 0 103 867 33 250.6 2.3 MICRACTINIUM 0 26 67 0 23.1 0.2 OOCY3 TIS 3 0 0 0 0.7 <0.1 PE0!ASTRUM 0 0 10 0 3 25.7 0.2 POLYEDRIOPSIS 0 26 0 0 6.4 0.1 SCENEDESMUS 0 923 3933 367 1305.8 12.2 SELENASTRUM 0 26 0 3 7.1 0.1 TETRAEDRON 0 128 133 0 65.4 0.6

. TETRASTRUM

• 0 26 233 8 66.8 0.6 UNID ENTIFI ED CHLOROPHYTA 47- 4128 733 136 1261.2 11.8 BACILLA.RIOPHYTA ACHN AN'*HE S 6 0 0 3 2.1 <0.1 4MPHORA 6 0 0 3 2.1 <0.1 ASTERICNELLA 58 0 0 100 39.6 0.4 l COCCO4EIS 6 0 0 11 4.2 <0.1

% CYCLOTELLA 178 2923 8567 325 2998.1 28.0 CYMATOPLEURA 3 0 0 0 0.7 (0.1 CYM8 ELL 4 14 0 0 3 4.2 (0.1 DIATOMA 6 0 0 0 1.4 <0.1 FRACILARI A 3 0 0 0 0.7 (0.1 GOMPHONEMA 39 26 0 6 17.5 0.2 MELOSI RA 17 0 0 14 7. 6 0.1 4AVICULA 150 SL 33 53 71.9 U.7 NIT 1SCHI A 83 103 300 97 145.8 1.4 .

ROICOSPHE9t A 8 0 0 0 2.1 <0.1 STEPHA400ISCUS 306 3769 0 161 1059.0 9.9 SYNEDRA 6 77 0 3 21.3 0.2 TH4LASSIOSIRA . .394 1667 0 161 555.6 5.2 CYA10PH Yr 4 CHROOCOCCUS 3 359 667 53 270. 3 -

2.5 (1ERISMOPEDIA 0 0 2067 3 517.4 4.0 SCHIZOTHRI X 0 0 0 3 0.7 (0.1 C5f RY30PM Y T A j D1408YRON 0 0 0 6 1.4 (0.1 PYRRHOPH YrA PERIDINIUM 3 0 0 0 0.7 <0.1 TOTAL 1350 17205 22666 1683 10726.2 ,

l l

l

- . .. - -. . , = , - - - . . -. - -- - -- _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _

1 1

'4.2-11 Species of phytoplankton composing 5% or more of the total units counted in at least one sample from SSES or Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1985; pH affini:y as rated by Love (Ref. 4.2-30):

1 = alkaliphilous 2 = acidophilous 3 = indifferent, and 4 = unknown.

4 ,

Species pH Affinity SSES Bell Bend CHLOROPRYTA Ankistrodessus falcatus Jun, Aug, Oct Jun, Aug Dictyosphaerium pulchellus Aug

, Scenedessus b1caudatus Aug Aug

, S,. quadricauda Oct Oct BACIIMIOPHTTA Asterionella formosa (1) Oct Oct Cyclotella meneshiniana (1) Aug, Oct Aug, Oct C. pseudostellisera (1.3) Apr. Jun Apr,'Jun Navicula tripunctata (1) Apr Apr Stephanodiscus invisitatus (4) Apr. Jun, Oct Apr, Jun, Oct Thalassiostra pseudonana (3) Apr. Jun, Oct Apr, Jun, Oct i

! CTANOPHYTA Merissopedia tenissias Aug Aug i

k 1

i j Table 4.2-12 Description and location of benthic ascroinvertebrate sampling sites on' the Susquehanna River, 1985.

Station SSES BELL BEND Site I II I III t

1 Depth" 0.6 1.0 -

1.3 1.3 3 Substrate Type b gravel-pebble pebble-cobble gravel-pebble gravel-pebble

, with boulders, with houlders, Location 850 m upriver from 850 m upriver from 710 m downriver from 710 m downriver from the center of the the center of the the center of the the center of the iatake structure; intake structure; discharge diffuser; discharge diffuser; 30 m from the 100 m from the 40 m from the 70 m from the ,

west bank west bank west bank west bank j i

" Site depth (a) when river surface elevation is 148.6 m above mean sea level (river discharge about 120 a8 /s) at the Susquehanna SES Biological Laboratory.

b 8ased on predominant particle size (Ref. 4.2-55).

"There tended to be accumulations of fine sediments downstream from boulders.

i Ttble 4.2-13 Density (org/m a ) and percent total of major groups of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in four dome samples at each station on the Susquehanna River in April and June, 1985.

Y APR JUN MEAN SITE 2 2 TAXA ORG/M  % TOTAL ORG/M  % TOTAL ORG/M  % TOTAL ssEs OLIGOCHAETA 10107 21.7 5991 9.7 8049 14.8 EPHEMEROPTERA 1161 2.5 3253 5.2 2207 4.1 HYDROPSYCHIDAE 12389 26.6 28343 45.7 20366 37.5

! CHIRONOMIDAE 19799 42.6 19730 31.8 19764 36.4 OTHER 3058 6.6 4767 7.6 3913 7.2 TOTAL 46514 62084 54299 i

! 8 e

BELL BEND OLIGOCHAETA 4310 18.0 2678 10.9 3494 14.4 EPHEMEROPTERA 971 4.1 1213 5.0 1092 4.5 ,

! HYDROPSYCHIDAE 1552 6.5 4356 17.8 2954 12.2 '

CHIRONOMIDAE 14366 60,1 12858 52.5 13612 56.3 OTHER 2707 11.3 3375 13.8 3041 12.6 TOTAL 23906 24480 24193 a

COMBINED

- OLIGOCHAETA 7208 20.5 4334 10.0 5771 14.7 EPHEMEROPTERA 1066 3.0 2233 5.2 1649 4.2 .l HYDROPSYCHIDAE 6971 19.8 16349 37.8 11660 29.7 CHIRONOMIDAE 17081 48.5 16293 37.7 16687 42.5 i j OTHER 2884 8.2 4073 9.3 3479 8.9

{ TOTAL 35210 43282 39246 1 1

i  !

l I

i 1

Table 4.2 14 Benthic macroinvertebrates collected in does samples at SSES (SS) and Bell Bend (BB) on the Susqualianna River.

1985. .

U

$$ 88 SS 88 Coelenterata Hydroida Ephemeropters Hydridae Ephemeridae

1. ydm sp. X X Ephemem sp. X F1styhelminthes hazagenia limbata X X Turbe11eria Nazagenia sp. X X Allaeocoela X X Polymitarcidae Triciadida X I Ephoron sp. X X Nemertinea Potamanthidae Tetrastemmatidae Potamanthus spp. X X Prostoma sp. X X Caenidae 3

Nematoda X X - Cannis sp. X X Entoprocta Tricorythidae Umatella gmcilis X I Tricorythodes Annelida albilineatka gr. X 011gochaeta Tricorythodes sp. X X Lumbricidae X Ephemerellidae Maididae Canella cornutella X X Nais bekningi X X D. valkeri X X K. bMtscheri X X Drunella spp. X X R. comunis X X Ephemerella dorothea X X

1. . elinguis X E. escrucians K

1. . pa dalie X E. invaria X X R. simples X X E. needhani X Kais opp. X X E. septentrionalis X Piguatiella Ephemerella spp. X X michiganensis I X Eurylophella bicolor X X Slavina appendiculata X X E. cozalia X l

Tubificidae E. latulento X Autodritus limnobius X Eurylophella spp. X X

. Bothrioneur m Serntella deficiens X X vejdovskyanm X I S. so dida X

!sochancides freyi X Sermtella spp. X X 1

Limnodrilus hoffheisteri X X Leptophlebildae i Quintadrilue Pamleptopklebia adoptiva X multisecosus X X Paraleptopklebia sp. X Lumbriculidae Bastidae Lebriculus sp. X X Santis macdunnought X Stylodritus heringianus X X 8. nr. propinquun X Hirudines 8. tricaudatus X Clossiphoniidae Saetis opp. X X Actinobdella Heterocloeon curicoum X inequiannulata X Pseudocloson carolina X Erpobdellidae X Pseudocloson sp. X X Arthropoda $1phlonuridae Crustacea Isonychia sp. X X isopoda Heptagen11dae Asellus sp.

~

X X Epsorks sp. X X Amphipoda Reptagenia spp. X X Cmngons sp. X Rhithngena sp. X X Ccunname op. X X Stenacron interpunctatum X X Decapoda Stenacrvn opp. X X Astacidae X X Stenonema ithaca X X Insecta S. mediopunctatum X X Collembola S. modesem X X tsotomidae S. pulchelium X X lectomurus palustris X X S. teminatm X X Plecoptera S. vicarim X X Nemouridae I Stenonema spp. X X Teeniopterysidae Odonata Strophopterys fasciata X Anisopters faeniopterys sp. X X Couphidae X Leuctridae Stylogamphus albistylks X Leuct s sp. X X Zygoptera per11dae Coensgrionidae Acroneuria abnomis X Argia sp. X X A. lycorias X Hemiptera X Acroneuria spp. X X Veliidae i #eoperla olymene I X #icrovelia sp. X 1 #eoperla sp. X X Megalopters Phanganophora capitata X X stalidae Phaeganophom op. Statis sp.

g V) Perlesta sp.

periodidae X

X X

Corydalidae X X I Chau!(odes sp. X Corydalus cornutus X Corydalue op. X X

1. __ ,,_m - - . , - ,

k Tible 4.2-14 (cont. )

\I SS 88 Diptera (cont.)

SS ED -

Trichoptera clossosomatidae Tabanidae X X Agapetus sp. K Athericidae Clossosopt2 sp. I Atheriz sp. X Putoptila sp. X Empididae X X Philopotamidae Nemeroaromia spp. X X Chimarm obscum 1 X Ceratopogonidae X X Chimarm sp. X X Chironcaidas polycentropodidae Tanypodinae

1. eureclipsis sp. K X Ablabesmyia mallachi X X Polycentropus sp. I 1 A. ornata X K Hydropsychidae A. peleensis, X Cheumatopsyche opp. x X A. rhamphe X X

' Ablabesmyia spp.

hydropsyche bifida gr. I 1 X X.

N. hagent X Lab nndinia sp. X K N. morosa X X Macropelopia sp. X N. phala m ta x X #ilocanppus sp. .K 1

1. . simulans X Procladius sp. X X N. spana X Psectrotanypus sp. X li. valanis '

X Thienemannimyia gr. K K Eydropsyche opp. I X Chironominae Nacrostomum carolina K Chironomus decorus gr. X N. ashmtwr X K Chironomus spp. X X M2crostamus spp. X X Cryptochironomus blarina K K Hydroptilidae C. fulvus gr. X X

, Agmylea sp. X Cryptochironomus spp. X X Bydspeila sp. I x Demicryptochironomus sp. K Oekrotrichia sp. x Dien tendipse Phrygaaeidae neomodestka X X 1 Ptilostomis sp. X Dicrotendipes spp. X X Leptoceridae Endochironomus nigriaans X X Cemetra alagnvr 1 1 Endochironomus sp. X X C. ancylus X X CZyptotendipes sp. X X C. flava x K llarnischia gr. X C. maculata X X #ierotendipes sp. X. K C. mentina K x kilothauma sp. X 1

[\ C. neffi C. nepha X

x X Pamchironomus abortivus P. carinatus X

X K

i

\

U) C. tarsipunctata 1 K

X P. frequens K X

K Caraclea sp. #1 X X Pamchironomus spp. X X Ceraclea spp. K K Paralauterborniella Nystacides or. elachista X alafimbriata X Phaenopsectm sp. X K

% stacides opp. K K Polypedilwr convidtwr. X X

1. ectopsyche op. I I P. fallas gr. K K Cecetis avam x K P. illinoense X

0. einemseems X X P. nr. scalaenwr X X

0. inconspicua X X Polypedilwr opp. X X O noctu n a K Rheotanytarsus decetis spp. K 1 distinctissimus gr. X X 4 Lepidostoestidae R. eriguas gr. X K Lepidostoma sp. 1 X Rhectanytarsus opp. X X t.epidoptera I X Stenochirononus sp. K Noctoidae X Stietochfrenomus sp. 3 Coleoptera Tanytarsus ooffmani X Cyrinidae 1 1 Tanytarsus spp. X K Dineutus sp. X Tribelos fusicornis X X Hydrophilidae X X T..fuckndks X X

1. erosus sp. 1 I 7.avrolia gr. X X Psephenidae Diamesinae Psephenus herricki K Diamesa sp. K Peephenus op. I X Pseudodianssa sp. X i Elsidae Sympotthastia sp. K X Dubimphia vittata K K Orthociadiinae Dubimphia sp. I 1 Brillis sp. X hacronychus sp. K Cantiocladius sp. K Cptioseryks trivittatus X Corynonsum celeripes X X Optioservus sp. I 1 C. taris K X Stenelmis bioarinata x K Corynoneum opp. K X

3. mom K Cricotopus bicinctus X X Stenelmis opp. X X C. tremulus X K Diptera Cricotopus opp. X X Tipulidae K 1 Eskiefferiella f

Antocha saricola X I coe mlescens gr. X

• Antocha sp. I I Eukiefferiella spp. X X*

l #esatoms sp. K #eterotrissoclacius gr. X .X Psychodidae ,X #anocladius spp. X X Simultidae K X Orthocladius sp. K K Simuliwr opp. X X i

F

, -. , e-- , ,. - n, , , g .

Table 4.2-14 (cont.)

4 e

i 4

55 BB Orthocladiinae (cont.)

Pasonstrioenemus sp. x x l Rheocricatopus spp. x x Synorthocladius sp. x x .

Thienemannialla spp. x x Tvetenia bavarica gr. x x T. discoloripes gr. x x

, Tvetenia spp. x x Mo!!usca Gastropoda Physidas lhysa sp. x x Lymnacidae lymnada sp. x x Pianorbidae Cymulks sp. x x llelisons ancepts x I #elisona sp. x x ;

Ancy11dae

• ferrissia sp. x x Fleuroceridae

, Goniobasis vi m inica x i Felecypoda

! Sphaeriidae

{ Pisidi m casertan m x x Pisidi m sp. x x l Ephaerim emnsverew x x

rphaerim spp. x x Unionidae x i

f 4

9 6

I 1

l l

1 4 .

i i

f

_ _ - . _ _ _ _ _ - - . . . - - - - - - . , , . . . , - - . , _ - - . . - - . _ _ _ ~ _ _ _ . . , , . . - . . . . , . - _ . _ . _ _ . _ . . . _ _ , _ , - . . . . - , , . . - - . , - - -

b)

(_/ Table 4.2-15

• Mean density (org/m ) and percent total of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in four dome samples a

at each site on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

G rATIT4 SSES P ERCEN T BELL HEND PCPCE1r itTE I II TOTAL  !  !!! TOTAL T A X71

%LLOCOC7ELA 124 8 0.1 32 31 0.1 ret CLAc t 0A 2 147 0.1 11 20 <0.1 P90Sf0MA SP. 152 63 0.2 49 54 0.2

're.*14 t904 1150 673 1. 7 1548 1244 5.d 4A!0tnAE 10748 4925 14.4 4207 1653 12.1 SLAVINA APPENDICULAfA 0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 TUBtPICIDAE . 118 299 0.4 739 333 2. 2 LIM 400 RI LU S IOP PMEI STERI O O 0.0 18 0 (0.1 i LU"9 RICULID AE 0 8 (0.1 32 5 <0.1 GAft4%RIDAE O O 0.0 8 2 (0.1 ASTACIDAE O O 0.0 5 0 <0.1 PLECOPTERA 2 6 <0.1 0 14 <u.1 PEPLID AE 6 0 (0.1 14 0 <0.1 ACRO 1EURIA SPP. 0 2 (0.1 0 0 0. 0

• ICOPERLA SP. 0 0 0.0 9 15 <0.1 PM AS A'40PitORA SP . 11 17 (0.1 0 0 0.0 PARAG1ETINA MEDIA 2 0 <0.1 . 0 0 0.0

• ttXAGENIA SP. 0 0 0.0 2 0 <0.1 CPHO RON SP. 934 305 1.1 75 112 0.4 POTN441THUS SP P. 831 727 1.4 347 R28 2.4 CAE:itS SP. 863 219 1.0 175 166 0. 7 EP!!PtPRELLIDAE 9 0 (0.1 6 0 (0.1 3RUNELLA SPP. 2 2 (0.1 0 0 0.0 EPHrtERELLA SPP. 0 2 (0.1 0 0 0.0 SEPRATELLA SPP. 5 5 (0.1 0 0 0.0

, SER9ATELLA DEPICIENS 2 O (0.1 0 0 0.0 s GAET!DAE 2 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0

'"'/

1301YCHIA SP. 25 R6 0.1 11 0 <0.1 HEPTACEN!!DAE , 115 189 0.3 106 118 0.5 pHITilROCENA SP. 0 0 0.0 3 0 (0.1 STEN ACROM $P P . 2 0 (0.1 3 0 <0.1 ST E'8 0tIEMA S P P . 6 0 (0.1 6 6 <0.1 STF.10 NEMA ITilACA 2 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 STENONEMA PULCilELLUM 17 64 (0.1 57 94 0.3 STER 7NEM4 TERMINATUM 2 2 <0.1 17 54 0.1 070 NATA 0 0 0.0 3 2 (0.1 CortPtitoAE 2 0 <0.1 . 2 0 <0.1 COENACRIONIDAE O 2 (0.1 6 0 (0.1 SIALIS SP. 20 6 (0.1 26 8 <0.1 C'I AULIODES SP . 2 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 CORYDALUS SP. 2 3 <0.1 0 0 0.0 TRICinPTE RA (PUPAE) 14 28 <0.1 40 14 0.1 CLOSSOSOMA 3P. , 0 2 (0.1 0 0 0.0 Cit!MARRA SP. 15 2 (0.1 0 2 <0.1 POLYCEMTROPOO !O AE 5 5 <0.1 3 2 <0.1 NOURECLIPSIS SP. 11 5 <0.1 14 0 <0.1 POLYCE1TROPUS SP. 2 0 <0.1 3 6 (0.1 9YOROPSYCHID AE 81 48 0.1 0 0 0.0 Ct1EUMAT7PSYCIIE SPP. 16543- 19540 33.2 3692 2017 11.3

'IYO ROP SYCf!E SP P . 11 12 <0.1 2 0 (0.1 flYDROPSYCHE BIPIDA GR. 15 11 (0.1 0 0 0.0 HYDROPSYCHE M3 ROSA 186 167 0.3 0 0 0.0 HYDROPSYCf!E PtIALERATA 1988 2106 3.8 141 57 0.4 MACROSTEP7JM SPP. 9 17 (0.1 0 0 0.0 V

Table 4.2-15 (cont.)

STATION SSES P E RCENT RELL SEND PERCENT 11TE I  !! '?3TAL I  !!T TOTAL TAXON LEP TOCERID A E 26 6 <3.1 20 46 U.1 CERACLEA SPP. 6 12 <3.1 23 14 (0.1 CERACLEA ANCYLUS 0 0 3.0 3 0 <u.1 CERACLEA FLAVA 0 0 3.0 5 0 <0.1 CERACLEA MACULATA 9 18 < 3.1 37- 5 (0.1 CERACLEA MENTIEA 3 20 (0.1 0 0 n. o CERACLEA NEFFI 0 2 (0.1 0 - 0 0.0

• 1YSTAct3ES SPP. 0 0 0.0 0 2 (0.1 7ECTOPSYCHE SP. 75 112 0.2 115 32 0.3 OECETIS SPP. 34 6 <0.1 127 64 0.4 OECEftS AVARA 6 0 (0.1 2 0 <0.1 OECETIS CINERASCENS 6 2 <0.1 18 14 < 0 '.1.

BERO9US SP. 2 0 (0.1 2 0 <0.1 PSEPH'E1US SP. 2 0 (0.1 0 0 0. 0 OUGIRAPHIA SP. 31 3 (0.1 21 15 (0.1 90DIRAPitt A SP.(ADULTS) 3 5 (0.1 0 0 0.0 OPTIOSERVUS SP. 40 25 <0.1 8 2 <0.1 9tENELMIS 1P. 1709 1049 2.5 307 433 1. 5 STENCut!S SP.( ADULTS) 8 37 <0.1 8 14 (0.1 MIMULIIDAE 6 46 <0.1 6 0 <0.1 ATHERIX SP. 2 0 <0.1 0 0 0.0 EMPIDIDAE (PU PAE ) 2 2 (C .1 0 0 0.0

?tEMCRODROMI A SP. 370 229 0.6 64 40 0.2 CERATOPOCONIDAC 0 0 0.0 21 14 <0.1 09 t RONOMID AE (PUPAE) 360 287 0.6 431 0 0. 9 ASLADESMYIA MALLOCHI 0 0 0.0 35 72 U.2 THIE1EMA1NIMYIA GR. 2658 2517 4.8 1258 1942 6.6 CitRONOMINAE 35 35 (0.1 0 71 0.1 C3tRONOPUS SPP. 0 0 0.0 107 0 0.2

(T)

CRYPTOCHIRONOMUS SPP.

OICPOTENDIPES SP P.

35 252 35 143

<0.1 0.4 575 719 10 7 250

1. 4

\,_/ 2.0 ENO3 CHI RONOMUS NtCRICANS 144 252 0.4 178 178 0.7 CLYPTOTEN0! PES SP. 72 0 <0.1 10 7 0 0.2 MICROTENDIPES SP. 2587 2911 5.1 5428 3055 17.5 PARACHIR3NOMUS SPP. 252 35 0.3 35 0 <0.1 POLYPE0! LUM CONVICrGM 2445 3129 5.1 1006 215 POLYPE0! LUM FALLAX GR. 2. 5 35 0 (0.1 0 0 0.0 POLYPEDtLUM NR. SCALAENUM 252 216 0.4 107 143 0.5 R!!EOTANYTARGUS SPP. 5357 5069 9.6 1367 1258 5. 4 TANYTARSUS SPP. 35 35 <0.1 106 0 0.2 EAVRELI A CR. 322 0 0.3 287 647 1.9 O RTH3 CLAD t! N AE 35 O (0.1 0 35 <0.1 CAR 0!OCLA91US SP . 107 72 0.2 0 0 0.0 CORT 101 EU *A SP P . 0 0 0.0 35 0 <0.1 CRtCO FOPUS SP P. 862 1798 2.4 718 CRICOTOPUS 8!CINCTUS 4 r.8 2. 5

, 1581 1437 2.8 287 755 FUK!EPFtRIELLA SPP. 433 2. 2 215 0.6 35 215 0.5 NAWOCLADIU9 SPP. 431 431 0.8 ORTnJCLADIUS SP. 3163 1474 9.6 35 0 (0.1 0 0 SY10RTR3CLADIUS SP. 71 0.0 0 (0.1 107 0 0.2 THIENEMANNIELLA SPP. 0 0 0.0 TVETENI A DISO3LORIPES GR. 934 0 72 0.1 1581 2.3 143 35 0.4

PHY3 A SP. 0 0 0.0 0 3 <0.1 LY'4N AE A SP. 2 0 (0.1 0 3 < 0.1 FERRISSIA SP. 18 37 (0.1 11 71 0.2 PIS!DIUM SP. 41 77 0.1 97 410 1.0 SPHAERIUM SPP. 68 9 563 1.2 287 538 1. 7 v

- 4 -- -

\

Table 4.2-16 Mean and maximum flow of the Susquehanna River from 1 January to the beginning

of the April sampling period, 1978-82 and 1985.

i Year Dates i Mean Flow Maximum Flow j (m3 /s) (m8 /s) ,

1985 1 Jan-15 Apr 451 1,581 (14 Mar) i 1982 1 Jan-25 Apr 632. 1,735 (27 Mar),

1981 1 Jan-12 Apr 517 2,768 (22 Feb) 1980 1 Jan-20 Apr 523 2,556 (23 Mar) j 1979 1 Jan-22 Apr 911 5,916 ( 7 Mar) 1978 1 Jan-16 Apr 930 3,057 (23 Mar) 4 1,

i i

i i

i i

1 1

N *

! i 1

._, .. _ . . _ . . . . _ . . _ _ . - . . _ _ , _ _ _ , . _ _ , . ,_ _ , . _ , . _ _ _ _ _ _ . , _ _ _ . . _ . _ . _ _ . . , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ ~. _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ .

Table 4.2-17 I

Dry weight (g/m a ) and percent total of major groups of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in two dome samples at each station on the Susquehanna River in April, June, August, and October 1985.

1 i SITE APR JUN AUG OCT HEAN TAXA G/Ma g poral ofga % TOTAL G/Ma % TOTAL G/M2 % TOTAL G/M3 % TOTAL SSES EPHEMEROPTERA 0.2 2.3 1.4 27.4 0.2 7.1 0.2 11.0 0.5 11.2 TRICHOPTERA 6.7 88.2 2.9 57.0 2.2 67.9 1.5 64.3 3.3 -72.9

. DIPTERA 0.2 2.1 <0.1 1.8 0.3 8.9 <0.1 0.4 0.1 3.0 MOLLUSCA 0.3 3.5 0.2 4.9 ,

0.4 12.8 0.4 17.5 0.3 7.3 OTHER 0.3 3.9 0.4 8.9 0.1 3.3 0.2 6.8 0.3 5.6 TOTAL 7.6 5.0 3.2 2.3 4.5 h

BELL BEND

-- IFNEREROPTERA 0.2 7.4 1.2 65.3 0.2 17.6 0.4 47.5 0.5 27.9 TRICHOPTERA 0.7 21.1 0.3 18.8 0.2 12.7 <0.1 10.4 0.3 17.8 DIPTERA 2 .1- 63.8 0.1 8.1 0.6 46.3 < 0.1 3.1 0.7 40.2 MOLLUSCA *

<0.1 1.5 <0.1 2.7 0.1 10.6 0.1 15.8 <0.1 5.1

OTHER 0.2 6.2 <0.1 5.1 0.2 12.8 0.2 23.2 0.2 9.0 TOTAL 3.3 1.8 1.4 0.8 1.8 i

! COMBINED EPHEMEROPTERA 0.2 3.9 1.3 37.4 0.2 10.3 0.3 20.3 0.5 16.0 TRICHOPTERA 3.7 67.8 1.6 47.0 1.2 51.2 0.8 50.5 1.8 57.1 DIPTERA 1.1 20.9 0.1 3.5 0.5 20.3 <0.1 1.1 0.4 13.7 MOLLUSCA 0.2 2.9 -

0.1 4.3 0.3 12.2 0.3 17.1 0.2 6.7 i OTHER 0.3 7.e 4.5 0.3 0.1 6.0 0.2 11.0 0.2 6.5 TOTAL 5.5 3.4 2.3 1.5 3.2 t

k k

i i

f

i. .. . . . . . - - - - . - --. . . _ . - . - .

4 O

I SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION GAS-LINE CROSSING f )

SPRAY PONO OO

• 4 -g SUSQUEHANNA SES BIOLOGICAL LITTLE

-SSES g$ *

- LABORATORY A W AP WALLOPEN l

t CREEK COOLING b TOWERS ,,,,*%

k TAKE l \

OISCHARGE\g NORTH

!O SAMPLING SITES ,

A ALGAE '

O BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE EEL WALLS O 300 METERS

_ BELL BEND SUSQUEHANNA

RIVER

! wAPwALLOPEN CREEK r

\

l

, Fig. 4.2-1 Algae and benthic macroinvertebrate sampling. sites at SSES and Bell Bend on the Susquehanna River, 1985.

I i .

--w ---e .--e -<--c.--g -- --n. , w , -.-,--w. - - - + , . . . - ,, w - . - - , ,-ww. - - - - , ----..m e-- . - - - - - - ,---,,v-e--.- s--..u-

/ T Y

\s 450-O UNIT 1 TOWER E UNIT 2 TOWER

--- PREOPERATION OPERATION

- CUTAGE .

350-Q W

H -

O W

_J

_J O 250- - -400 0

m UNIT 1.

O l l J T -

l -

m O & I *

'( ) Il O

i I-W 150- l -300 o>

x , m W I q CD E <

I u -

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Z UNIT / p'

_ _ . ../ _ W

__.I 50- -200 Q'

- U m 3 0 N, , U, , " N, O O g

SA SA SA SA SA SA SA SA 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 Fig. 4.2-2 Total number of impacted birds collected at the Unit 1 and 2 cooling towers of the Siisquehanna SES during spring and autumn migrations from 1978 through 1985 with the elevation of each tower during the same period. No data were collected at the Unit 1 tower before autumn 1978 and at the Unit 2 tower

[%J before spring 1981.

(

l

l l

$$C5 , ,

I .

n i q i -

]

I _.hL

~7 . . , .

Si _ E! .. l .b0 0 E.Ikc2 . li -

=

g,*** SELL BEND o=

y a .a g ,

O )'

f .

1 r .,l

~

3] 4 ci i

• n-0 2 n .

.. l! 'l

! . ... li l . .11 la l i.J [i.1, s.li l - ..................................................

i

. ort in re ser, i .o .. ..: .e3 . ,,.,

l l

l Fig. 4.2-3 Standing crop of periphytic algae (units /mm') on cumulative acrylic plates at SSES and Bell' Send on the Susquehanna River. 1977-85.

O l .

i l

t o l

. I t., .

.,: 0 l 4

so. I f

ts.

g so. $$t5 '

... o

• • j l i

se! . I

,,. - 1 o ..

l-n m '

a y ...: Il l . a l :,  :

t i I  !

l] , l

-llil' l

e4 9 -, i b4

!~

,j m_ l!En l R gi 'l C n l x

z

.' E E -- - u EIR= EdllCd Nm!b 3.}

S t" a carcus h O E g,

i., a cattNs O eLuc GAttNS 6

i

..j ettt etNo jlg i ... j' ~

i  !

i.! -

l

= i

.. - l,

,e . "n l

I - U l ,

D :i

... i j i- ,

_ 1 l l i c >

.. TTM...? T '77- .  ; .. ?T " " --

- N 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 t982 1383 1984 1985 I l

1 Fig. 4.2-4 I Standing crop of phytoplankton (units /ml) at SSES and Bell Bend on the i l

Susquehanna River, 1977-85.

O ,

l l

t

. _ - .. _ _ _ - - _ , .----:-.-----,----.~-----~~~------.'

s-P 0 SSES + BEL BEND N

2 -

s a-0 2-o-

&/

I so -

Q O ~

2 "-

s M

m so -

E

<t to -

i 0 . . . . . . . . .

7s 7e 77 7e 7e ao at e2 as e4 as Fig. 4.2-5 a

Annual mean biomass (g/m ) and density (org/m*) of benthic macro-invertebrates at SSES and Bell Bend on the Susquehsnna River, 1975-85. At Bell Bend, only site I was collected from 1975-77.

O

1 O -

ga om E s synoesrc> =

so , e oucoc e za c>mm==

E EPHOS0PDA ,

20 -. BELL BEND k l M //

s.

g .

(

50 -  !

O i 40 -

\

h i

so - SSES  :

20 -

q dhhp%4 l i

- kd$$$d46 i

Fig. 4.2-6 e e n the S s u a R ver 5 85 A B1 B nd, ny iI k was collected from 1975-77.

r

-m BELL BEND N 20 - N b Eh 3

N 70

)a i

~~

g  ;

f SSES a-

~

7.

i s , s 78 79 80 81 h82

? l.

83 84 85 Fig. 4.2-7

)

el Bend o e Su q hna er 1 5

h O .O -

O  :

0.1 - i l

i O.2 - ,

i i

l i

0.3 -

t l

0.4 -  !

0.5 - l O.6 - l O l 0.7 -  !

I  !

O.8 - ,

l I

O.9 - .

1.0 - l SI SI S2 S2 BI BI B3 B3 SI SI S2 S2 Bl B1 B3 B3 l

' APRIL JUNE i Fig. 4'.2-8 i Dendrogram of the cluster analysis of Bray-Curtis similarity matrices for  !

1985 benthic macroinvertebrate data at SSES I (SI), SSES II (S2), Bell  !

Bend I (B1), and Bell Bend III (B3) on the Susquehanna River in April and June 1985.

e 5.0 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES 5.1 REVIEW AND AUDIT The Licensee has established procedures for an independent group to review and audit compliance with the EPP. Audits of EPP compliance are conducted by the Nuclear Quality Assurance Department with support from the Environmental Management Department.

The Manager-Nuclear Support is responsible for off-site environmental matters and for providing any related support concerning licensing. The Superintendent of Plant-Susquehanna is responsible for on-site environmental matters. The Manager-Nuclear Quality Assurance with support from the Supervisor-Environmental Planning / Auditing is responsible for verifying compliance with the EPP. Figure 5.1-1,, Auditing Organizational Chart, lists ,

the various groups utilized in environmental reviewing and auditing of the Susquehanna SES environmental monitoring programs.

5.2 RECORDS RETENTION Records and logs relative to the environmental aspects of plant operation and audit activities are retained in the Susquehanna Records Management System.

This system provides for a convenient review and inspection of environmental documents which shall be made available to the NRC upon request.

Records of modifications to the plant structures, systems and components determined to potentially affect the continued protection of the environment shall be retained for the life of the plant. All other records, data and logs relating to the environmental programs and monitoring shall be retained for at least'five years or, where applicable, in accordance with the requirements of other agencies.

5.3 CHANGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN There were no requests for changes in the EPP during 1985.

5.4 PLANT REPORTING REQUIREMENTS 5.4.1 ROUTINE REPORTS This Annual Environmental Operating Report was prepared to meet routine reporting requirements of the EPP for 1985. It provides summaries and '

analyses of environmental protection activities required in Subsection 4.2 of the EPP for the reporting period. Included in Subsection 4.2 of this report are environmental comparisons with nonradiological preoperational studies, and an assessment of observed impacts of plant operation on the environment.

During 1985, there were no significant effects or evidence of trends towards irreversible damage to the environment.

O 5-1

5.4.2 NONROUTINE REPORTS All nonroutine events that were reportable during 1985 were reported to either federal, state or local agencies in accordance with their reporting require-ments in lieu of requirements of Subsection 5.4.2 of the EPP. The NRC was provided with a copy of these reports.

i O

5-2 9

FIGURE 5.1-1 O -

AUDITING ORGANIZATION CHART SR VICE PRESIDENT-NUC LEAR

.I MANAGER-NUCLEAR VICE PRESIDENT-QUALITY ASSURANCE NUCLEAR OPERATION l

l l

! I I SUPERVISOR-ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGER- SUPERINTENDENT OF i PLANNING / AUDITING . NUCLEAR SUPPORT PLANT-SUSQUEHANNA ,

l 1

O l

l l

1 -, . - _ - . - - - - - -.. .

I Raport No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newnian Inc.

APPENDIX O SUPPLEMENTAL DATA - SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER 1985 1

4 (Sound Pressure Levels in dB re: 20 Micropascals) 4 4

d e

l O-1 1

l 4

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i I

Report No. 3024A-10 '

Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. i I

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

O TAPE RECORDED DATA (Statistical Analysis)

SOUND SOURCE LEGEND a aircraft b birds  !

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dBA A-weighted sound level

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION A 25 October 1985 1717 hours0.0199 days <br />0.477 hours <br />0.00284 weeks <br />6.533185e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 38 33 30 30 26 20 17 57 35 95% 46 39 33 31 32 28 21 18 57 37 90% 46 39 34 32 33 30 22 19 57 38 50% 50 46 38 37 38 35 28 22 58 43 10% 60 56 47 43 44 43 35 29 67 50 5% 66 60 52 45 46 45 37 32 70 52 1% 72 70 59 50 48 48 41 36 78 57

. Leq 60 58 47 40 41 39 32 27 65 47 sound sources: t,b,w LOCATION B 25 October 1985 1755 hours0.0203 days <br />0.488 hours <br />0.0029 weeks <br />6.677775e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 39 35 32 29 27 22 19 57 36 95% 46 40 56 34 31 28 24 20 57 37 90% 46 41 36 35 32 29 25 20 57 39 50% 49 47 43 40 37 35 31 26 58 44 10% 58 56 52 49 44 41 38 34 66 51 5% 61 61 56 53 49 43 39 36 69 55 1% 67 68 63 59 56 46 42 38 74 60 Leq 55 55 50 47 43 38 34 30 63 49 sound sources: w, a, d, i, mb '

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION C 1 October 1985 1517 hours0.0176 days <br />0.421 hours <br />0.00251 weeks <br />5.772185e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 47 39 29 26 27 27 32 36 57 40 95% 48 41 31 27 28 28 33 37 57 40 90% 49 44 32 29 30 30 34 37 57 41 50% 53 54 45 33 35 36 35 38 60 45 10% 58 58 51 40 42 39 38 39 63 48 5% 61 60 53 45 45 42 38 39 65 51 1% 67 63 59 50 49 45 42 40 70 55 Leq 60 56 48 38 38 37 36 38 63 47 sound sources: 1, b , t, 1 LOCATION _D 1 October 1985 1425 hours0.0165 days <br />0.396 hours <br />0.00236 weeks <br />5.422125e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 46 37 29 24 27 27 26 34 57 38 95% 47 38 29 25 28 28 32 34 57 39 90% 48 38 30 25 28 29 33 34 57 40 50% 51 42 32 28 31 33 34 36 58 41 10% 56 48 36 32 33 36 36 38 60 43 5% 57 50 38 34 35 36 37 40 61 43 l 1% 59 52 41 36 37 38 38 40 63 44

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O LOCATION E 25 October 1985 1638 hours0.019 days <br />0.455 hours <br />0.00271 weeks <br />6.23259e-4 months <br /> Octave - Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 47 41 38 36 35 32 28 26 57 40 95% 47 42 39 37 36 34 30 27 57 42 90% 48 42 39 39 37 36 32 28 57 43 50% 51 46 42 41 40 39 36 32 58 47 10% 58 54 48 45 43 42 40 37 66 49 5% 62 59 55 47 43 43 40 38 68 51 1% 67 64 61 53 45 44 42 40 73 54 Leq 55 52 48 43 41 40 37 34 62 47 sound sources: t,w, i, a O

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I EXHIBIT 3 I

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1 o Effect Determination of Archeological Sites i

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9 EC EIVED J A N A 6 F A COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL AND MUSEUM COMMISSION BUREAU FOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION (3 BOX 1026 t

%j H ARRISBURG. PEN NSYLVANI A 17108 1026 December 19, 1985 Jerome S. Fields Senior Environmental Scientist-Nuclear Pennsylvania Power & Light Company Two North Ninth Street Allentown, PA 18101 Re: Susquehanna Steam Electric Station / Operation & Maintenance Activities, PP&L File No. 991-2 LHP File No. ER Sl-0658-079-C

Dear Mr. Fields:

We have reviewed your request to have the effect determination for the above referenced project changed from "no adverse effect" l to "no effect". Because the actions described have had an effect on on archaeological sites, the original determination stands. Your final report should continue to reflect a no adverse effect finding.

Should you have any additional questions, or if we can be of any additional assistance please contact Kurt Carr or myself at (717) 783-8946.

Sincerely, 9

4 Dan G. Deibler, Acting Chief Division of Planning & Protection Bureau for Historic Preservation DGD:jk l

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&m Ecology III, Inc. I g ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING SERVICES R.D. #1 - Berwick, PA 18603 (717) 542-2191 ph SUSQUEHANNA SES BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY 7 :w 27 January 1986 ,

Mr. Richard St. Pierre U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Box 1673 Harrisburg, PA 17105-1673

Dear Dick:

Pursuant to our conversation on 19 December 1985, juvenile American shad were not collected during a survey of the river water intake at the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station from 6 September through 11 October 1985. During- this period, Ecology III personnel used sampling baskets (1/2-inch mesh) to filter both traveling screen and trash bar wash water at the intake. The baskets were checked once each day, Monday through Friday (washes from Saturday and Sunday were included with the Monday collections). Excessive debris from high river flow caused by Hurricane Gloria tore the netting and broke the frames of both baskets on 28 September 1985. They were repaired and sampling was reinitiated at 0900 hours0.0104 days <br />0.25 hours <br />0.00149 weeks <br />3.4245e-4 months <br /> on 30 September.

Leaf litter and small numbers of at least 11 species of coninon river fishes were collected throughout the survey, but, as stated previously, no juvenile tnerican shad were taken.

If you have any questions or comments, please contact me at your Conv enCO.

Respect yours, k N. MC

' ThodoreV.Jacobsen, Drol,ect Director' .

s TVJ/msif f) cc: J. S. Fields (PP&L)

's T. W. Robbins (NES)

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l EXHIBIT 2 l

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o Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Site 1985 l

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Report No. 3024A-10 1

Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna Steam Electric Station Site 1985 Operation Noise Progress Report J.D. Bames and E.W. Wood i

March 1986 Prepared for:

Pennsylvania Power and Light Company O

O Report No. 3024A-10

. i SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NEAR SUSQUEHANNA STEAM ELECTRIC STATION SITE 1985 Operation Noise Progress Report I

i l

J.D. Barnes and E.W. Wood

. l March 1986 O

Prepared by:

Bolt Beranek and Newunan Inc.

10 Moulton Street -

Cambridge, MA 02238 Prepared for:

Pennsylvania Power and Light Company i Two North Ninth Street l Allentown, PA 18101 i

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l Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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l TABLE OF CONTENTS page LIST OF FIGURES.............................................. iii i LIST OF TABLES............................................... iii SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION.................................... 1

2. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LOCATIONS............................. 6

3. SUPPLEMENTAL SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS........... 8

4. ASSESSMENT...................................... 9 APPENDIX N. HAND-HELD TAPE RECORDED DATA - September and.

October 1985 Operation Sound Pressure Levels... N-1 APPENDIX O. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA - September and October 19 85. O-1 1

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LIST OF FIGURES page FIG. 1. Map of General Area Near the Susquehanna~ SES Site Showing Primary and Secondary Sound Level Measurement Locations and Site Property Line. . . . 10 FIG. 2. Photograph of Main Station Complex Taken During

. Plant Operation (August 1984). View Looking to the Southwest....................................... 11 FIG. 3. Narrowband A-weighted Sound Pressure Levels Obtained at Location 2" - 1985 Operation........ 12 FIG. 4. Narrowband A-weighted Sound Pressure Levels Obtained at Location 3 - 1985 Operation......... 13 FIG. 5. Narrowband A-weighted Sound Pressure Levels Ob tained at Location 4 - 19 8 5 Ope ration. . . . . . . . . 14 FIG. 6. Narrowband A-weighted Sound Pressure Levels Obtained at Location 5 - 1985 Operation......... 15 FIG. 7. Narrowband A-weighted Sound Pressure Levels Obtained at Location 7 "- 1985 Operation. . . . . . . . . 16 FIG. O-1. Map of Area Within Five Miles of Susquehanna SES l 4

Site Showing Distant Supplemental Sound Level ,

Measurement. Locations and Site Property Lines... O-2  !

LIST OF TABLES Table I. List of Instruments Used During Trip Showing Dates of Laboratory Calibration................. ,17 Table II. Summary of Continuous Sound Level Measurements

~ At Primary Locations Near Susquehanna SES Site - 1985 (dB(Ahl............................. 18 Table III. Summary of Non-Continuous Sound Level Measurements at Secondary Locations Near Susquehanna SES Site - 1985 [dB(A)]............. 19 J ..

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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l. INTRODUCTION Pennsylvania Power and Light Company ( PPL) has sponsored an environmental noise monitoring program at the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (Susquehanna SES) since 1972. This is the eleventh report in the series of progress reports that present the results of the environmental noise measurements made in the vicinity of the site. The first seven reports in this series summarize the ambient and construction noise measurements in the years 1972 through 1981. The eighth report presents data obtained with Unit 1 in the operation phase and undergoing testing, and Unit 2 in the latter stages of construction; the ninth report contains the data collected with Unit 1 in operation and Unit 2 in the final stages of construction; and the tenth report transmits the data measured with Unit 1 in operation and

} Unit 2 in the precommercial operation phase. This report summarizes the acoustic data and observations obtained with both Units 1 and 2 in operation. Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. (BBN) obtained the latest measurements during the weeks of 30 September

- 2 October and 24 October - 27 October 1985. The purpose of the measurements was to update the acoustic description of the community near the site and to provide sufficient data for the Susquehanna SES Annual Operating Report.

BBN employed similar procedures to conduct the 1985 survey as were used in the prior surveys. The field team reviewed the community measurement locations to verify that they continue to represent the noise sensitive land uses in the areas near Susquehanna SES. The dominant noise sensitive land uses near the site remain rural and low density residential housing. Selection of the measurement locations considered the existing on-site and , J nearby of f-site noise sources in addition to topographical barriers. For the purpose of satisfying the requirements of O 1

l Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

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PPL's Environmental Protection Plans (EPP) Non-Radiological, dated 17 July 1982 and 23 March 1984, BBN again selected three locations near the site for primary measurements and two loca-tions farther from the site for secondary measurements. Figure 1 illustrates the current primary and secondary measurement locations near the site. PPL purchased the residential property (location 2') that was employed in previous surveys, and therefore, the field team selected a new location (location 2")

.on adjacent property to the west for this year's survey. In addition to EPP reouirements, the five locations distant from the site that were employed in previous surveys were also retained for supplepental measurements. The supplemental locations are shown on Fig. O-1 in Appendix O.

Both Units 1 and 2 operated at 100% of rated load during the

~% time of 30 September 1985 - 2 october 1985. During 24-27 October

~-

1985, Unit 1 and 2 operated at 100%, except on 26-27 october, when Unit 1 operated at 55% - 98% of full rated load. The water flow rate for the individual cooling towers was approximately 7000 gpm when each generating unit was operating near 100% rated load. During-lower load operation of Unit 1, the water flow rate was less than that f ig ure.

Constructio'n of Units 1 and 2 was 100% complete, but con-struction on the emergency diesel generator building was proceeding. This building is located to the east of the service and administration building at the main power, block area.

Approximately 100 construction people from outside contractors were working on first shif t and none on second or third shif ts.

The construction workers included electrihians, carpenters, plumbers, and i:;on workers. The small concrete batch plant located on site normally operated three to four hours per week to support construction of the emergency diesel generator f acility. I O

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

A total of 1000 people are employed for the operation of Units 1 and 2. This total includes office and administration, plant operation, and security personnel. This number is expected to increase by about 1000 people during times of scheduled outages, whic.h may last 2 to 3 months. Other than the site traffic and the construction work described above, little outdoor activity at the plant was observed by the measurement team during the survey period. ,

i The weather conditions changed during the first measurement visit with clear skies, daytime temperatures of 70' to 75'F and generally light breezes on 30 September and 1 October 1985 yielding to drizzle and rainy conditions on 2 October 1985.

During the second measurement visit, the weather improved on the late af ternoon of 24 October 1985 with rain subsiding and the sky.

g- clearing for-the balance of the 24-27 October 1985 field visit.

- The daytime temperatures were generally 55* - 65'F with inter-mittent periods of' gusty breezes for the latter visit.

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

The latest photo of the main power block, taken in August 1984, is presented in Fig. 2.

The field measurement and calibration techniques employed in 1 the September - October 1985 survey were similar to those used in the 1982 - 1984 surveys. Table 1 lists the measurement instruments that the field team used for the 1985 survey and includes their latest laboratory calibration dates. These O

instruments were selected to be appropriate for the required field measurements. They conform to applicable standards issued by the American National Standards Institutel,2 (ANSI) and meet the Society of Automotive Engineers 3 (SAE) recommended sound data acquisition requirements. Acoustic calibrations that are performed periodically in the laboratory are traceable to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). Figure 3 in a previous

(~s report 4 summarizes the overall check and calibration procedures

(-- ) that are used for each instrument.

At each primary location, the field team obtained 24-hour measurements with a continuous sound level monitoring system.

The team also performed hand-held measurements at the primary locations, as well as the secondary locations. These hand-held measurements involved tape recording the sound, noting the l

ANSI Sl.4 - 1971 (R1983) American National Standard for Sound Level Meters.

2 ANSI Sl.ll - 1966 (R1976) American National Standard Specification for Octave, Half-Octave, and Third-Octave Band Filter Sets.

3 SAE J184A-1970 (R1978) Qualifying a Sound Data Acquisition System.

4" Sound Level Measurements Near Susquehanna Steam' Electric Station Site 1983," BBN Report No.-3024A-8, April 1984. l 0

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Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt-.Beranek and'Newman Inc..

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audible sound sources, . and observing. the weather conditicns during each sampling period at 7.he selected ' locations. Each sampling period was approximately ten. minutes long. After returning fr.om the -field, sthe pleasurement tear aralyzed-the tape recordings to yield narrowbarid "and octave ba,1d sound pressure i

level and A-weighte'd sound level data'for each time period. In addition to colldcting data at the primary ~and secondary locations, t.he field team' ob'tained supplemental hand-held tape i recordings Land' observations at the'~five locations more distant from Susquehanna SES? The folloiing sections present the results of ' the sound lev'el nieasurements. -

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2. SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LOCATIONS The field team obtained continuous sound level measurements during 24-hr periods in the community at the primary locations 2", 3, and 4 shown in Fig. 1. The sound levels and sound sources noted during the 1985 survey are similar to those identified in the previous year's survey. Table II summarizes the sound level data collected at these locations and presents the L 90' L10' L eq and the range of sound levels for the daytime and nighttime periods. The notes below the table explain the various sound level descriptors and how the data were averaged. The daytime L eq sound levels at these locations ranged f rom 4 4 dB( A) to 51 dB(A), while the nighttime L,q values ranged from 40 dB(A) to 47 dB(A). The table also presents the 24-hr L eq and Ldn values and shows the 24-hr L eq ranging from 43 dB(A) to 50 dB(A) and the L dn

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team observed that the background sound levels were generally controlled by off-site sources, such as insects, and that on-site sources, including cooling towers, trans formers , backup ala rms ,

and paging were sometimes audible. Appendix N identifies specific sound sources together with additional hand-held tape recorded data.

Figure 1 also shows the secondary measurement locations 5 and 7 where the field team obtained hand-held tape recorded data.

These secondary locations are farther from Susquehanna SES than are the primary, locations. Table III summarizes the secondary sound level measurements and includes notes on how the da'ta were averaged. The daytime L eq sound levels varied from 48 dB( A) at location 5 to 49 dB(A) at location 7, while the nighttime L eq sound levels decreased at location 5 to 45 dB(A) and at location 7 to 40 dB(A). The 24-hr L,q sound levels were 47 dB( A) at both location 5 and location 7 and the Ldn sound levels were 52 dB(A)

/~N s at location 5 and 49 dB(A) at location 7. The field team observed that local sound sources, including insects and traffic, generally controlled the background levels at these locations.

6

, Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

1 The detailed data obtained from the tape recordings and the field team's identification of sound sources are presented in Appendix N for these secondary measurement locations.

The field team also noted the tonal sounds produced by Susquehanna SES that were audible at of f-site locations. The two sources identified during the survey include the transformers in the southwest switchyard and the cooling towers near the west side of the main p'lant. Figures 3-7 present A-weighted narrow-1 band sound pressure level data that were analyzed from selected nighttime tape recordings at the primary and secondary measure-ment locations. Figure 3 illustrates the tonal sound at 107.5 Hz produced by the cooling towers and the tonal sounds at 240, 360, and 480 Hz produced by the transformers that were measured at location 2". Figures 3-7 illustrate other tonal sounds, however, these were masked by other background sounds and were not n'.

noticeable to the field team during the survey.

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3. SUPPLEMENTAL SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS During previous surveys at locations quite distant from the Susquehanna SES, the field team has conducted supplemental sound level measurements. These measurements were performed to increase the existing data base of background sound levels for locations up to five miles from the site. Figure O-1 in Appendix 0 shows the supplemental measurement locations where the field team obtained hand-held tape recordings during the 1985 survey.

These recordings were for approximately ten minutes long at each location. The sound pressure level data analyzed from the tapes, the field team's observations of sound sources, and a legend are also presented in Appendix 0 in the same format as Appendix N.

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4. ASSESSMENT The field team contacted the PPL Special Office of the President in Berwick, PA during February 1986 to identify and review any community complaints due to plant noise. The Office records indicated that no noise related complaints had been received to date during the operation of Units 1 and of Unit 2 in 1985. Based upon this information, and our acoustic measurements and field observations, we find no reason to recommend additional noise control treatments at this time.

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R port No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

b\

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\~ ,)

TABLE I.

LIST OF INSTRUMENTS USED DURING TRIPS SHOWING DATES OF LABORATORY CALIBRATION.

Date Typical Date of Serial Calibration Calibration of Trips Type

• Maket -Model Nwaber Schedule Before Trip 9/30/85 S LM/OBF BK 2215 615742 3 mos.

to 9/ 9/85 10/2/85 ACAL BK 4230 861610 3 mos. 9/ 9/85 SLM BK 2203 112881 3 mos. 6/26/85 &

10/23/85 and OBF BK 1613 151339 3 mos. 6/26/85 &

10/23/85 PC BK 4220 274218 3 mos. 6/26/85 &

10/23/85 TR KN III B633194 3 mos. 8/22/85 TR KN III B621789 3 mos.

(10/24/85 7/31/85 s-)to PSMS BBN 614 772528 6 mos. 7/23/85 10/27/85 ACAL GR 1567 20119 3 mos. 8/ 1/85

• SLM - Sound Level Meter OBF PC

- Octave Band Filter

- Pistonphone Calibrator TR - Tape Recorder PSMS - Portable Sound Monitor System ACAL - Acoustic Calibrator -

T BK - Bruel and Kjaer KN - Kudelski Nagra BBN - Bolt Beranek and Newman GR - GenRad Laboratory calibration for this instrument was performed more than three months prior to the first field visit.

Comparison of 6/26/85 and 10/23/85 calibration data indicate stable instrument data obtained with this instrument indicate normal operation and review of field operation.

Note:

The scheduled frequency of laboratory calibration is based on

(' 'pperience with the particular instrument type. Typically, an instrument

(_,a scheduled for laboratory calibration every 3, 6, or 12 months when the item is in active service.

17

f%

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'O O

\ TABLE II t1 rt

SUMMARY

OF CONTINUOUS SOUND LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AT PRIMARY LOCATIONS NEAR SUStyEHANNA SES SITE - 1985 [d8(A)] z.

.O-Daytime f0700 - 2200) Nighttime (2200-0700) 24-Hr. w Position Time

• Equivalent Day-Night o t

lackground Intrusive Equivalent Range Background Intrusive Equivalent Range

• to L90 L IO l eq l 99 to Lg L90 lo l l eq l99 E8 L1 leq(24) E dn y I

t-d 2* 5 36 44 44 28- 64 31 41 40 26-51 43 47 l 6 I

3 4ly 5

43 49 50 31-60 41 44 44 31-58.. 49 52 4 30 0 -

47 51 51 40-59 43 49 47 41-56 50 54 tn

• Date and time of continuous 24-hr measurements. @

Notes: t1 A

L is defined as the sound level that is exceeded ninety percent of the time in a sampling period. Similarly, LIO is defined as [

th0e sound level that is exceeded ten percent of the time. Data were measured continuously for each hour and the arithmetic average et 4

of the daytime and nighttime Lgg and LIO data are presented in this table.

is defined as the energy average sound level for a sampling period. The energy average of the hourly L,q values for the daytime O L,0nighttimearepresentedinthistable.

an P-tD Lgg and Lg are defined as the sound levels that are exceeded for ninety-nine and one percent of the time period, respectively. The total H range of the measured Lgg and Lg values are presented in this table. D L dn is defined similarly, but includes a o L,Yg(24) we hting factor is theofenergy average

+10 db for soundhours.

the nighttime level that averages over the daytime and nighttime hours. -

u et O

t1 9

rt CD O.

4

w.) v U tD (D

Z TABLE 111 $

'O

SUMMARY

OF NON-CONTINUGUS SOU2 LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AT SECONDARY LOCATIONS O NEAR SUSQUEHANNA SES SITE - 1985 [dB(A)] N Z

Position Time

• Daytime (0700 - 2200) Nighttime (2200-0700) 24-Hr, ,O Background Intrusive Equivalent Range Background intrusive Equivalent Range Equivalent Day-Night l 90 L 10 L10 l eq l 99 to L g L 90 l eq l99 to Lg Leq(24) L dn

.c.

5

,9! * - 10/26 0/25 43 50 48 40-57 39 48 45 36-54 47 52 7 /30 and /

45 49 49 32-54 32 36 y 4 j 40 23-45 47 49 H

u)

' Dates on which the field team obtained tape recorded samples. Additional tape recorded data presented in Appendix N.

Notes: CD tD L defined as the sound level that is exceeded ninety percent of the time in a sampling period. Similarly, L is defined as the sound level tht is exceeded ten percent of the time. This table presents the arithmetic average L90 and L10valuesforth0e daytime and nighttime samples. t*

m L, is defined as the energy average sound level for a sampling period. This table presents the energy average L,q values for the daytime and nihhttime sarioles, [

n A

L g and L thetotalrangeoftheLg are99defined and Lgas the sound values for thelevels daytime that arenighttime and exceeded for ninety-nine and one percent of the time respectively. Tnts table presents{

samples. n Id-L,q(24) is tne energy average sound level that averages over the daytime and nighttime periods. Ldn is defined similarly, but includes a weighting factor of +10 dB for the nighttime period. @

. H Since the above values are calculated from tape recorded samples that are not continuous, they are considered estimates for the daytime and nighttime periods, @

o M

Measured sound levels at these positions were controlled by non-plant sound sources. See sound sources in Appendix N.

]

n IJ (t

ID CL

Raport No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

l O

APPENDIX N HAND-HELD TAPE RECORDED DATA 4

! SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER 1985 OPERATION SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS

' (dB re: 20 Micropascals) 1 1

}

I, .

i

)

iO i

l i

i j

O

O N-1

, - - = ,.-w. .,,m., -ew, - - - - - - - - - - - . , , - . - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - , ,w,., ., . , - - . --..----,...---vm .-.e,-,-. -w--e,%.ye, ,,r.-.,+-rem--ewww--.-w++ - ymy--

I Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

() TAPE RECORDED DATA (Statistical Analysis)

SOUND SOURCE LEGEND a aircraft b birds ba backup alarms on mobile equipment et cooling towers d dog (s) barking e ng gas and diesel engine equipment gs gunshots i insects and' crickets mb motorbike p page system pt people talking t local traffic t(a) traffic on plant access road 4

t(d) distant traffic

() t(11) tfr traffic on U.S. Route 11

/ :ns formers trn train wind in brush and trees 99%

95%

90% percent of sample period 50% sound level was exceeded 10% -

5%

1%

i Leg energy average sound level OA overall sound pressure level dBA A-weighted sound level Note: Sound pressure level data presented in appendix include a major contributor, insects and crickets, in addition to the on-site and other of f-site activities.

O N-2 -

. , . - - . . . . - - - . -- , - - - - , - . . . - r.-.. n. ~.. , . - -

Report'No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 2" 30 September 1985 1717 hours0.0199 days <br />0.477 hours <br />0.00284 weeks <br />6.533185e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 40 36 27 25 23 24 43 29 53 50 95% 41 37 28 25 24 25 43 31 51 49 90% 41 37 29 26 24 26 43 31 51 49 50% 43 39 31 28 26 28 46 33 50 47 10% 45 42 35 31 34 35 47 35 48 45 5% 45 43 36 33 37 37 47 , 35 48 44  !

1% 47 51 38 37 43 42 47 36 48 44 Leq 43 41 32 30 31 32 45 33 50 47 sound sources: i, b, t(d), w, t 1 October 1985 0115 hours0.00133 days <br />0.0319 hours <br />1.901455e-4 weeks <br />4.37575e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63' 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 45 31 29 26 26 27 16 50 36 O' 95%

90%

43 44 46 47 32 32 30 31 27 27 27 28-28 28 16 16 51 51 36 36 50% 46 49 34 32 29 32 38 18 52 38 10% 48 51 36 34 32 35 33 24 53 40 5% 48 51 36 35 34 37 35 26 54 41 1% 49 53 38 37 38 40 37 31 54 45 Leg 46 49 34 33 30 33 31 21 52 39 sound sources: ct, i,d, tfr, t. t(d) 1 October 1985 1015 hours0.0117 days <br />0.282 hours <br />0.00168 weeks <br />3.862075e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 43 29 27 23 18 35 36 51 40 95% 46 44 30 28 24 18 37 36 51 41 90% 47 44 30 28 24 19 37 37 52 42 50% 48 46 32 30 26 21 40 38 53 44 10% 51. 48 42 34 37 35 42 39 54 45 5% 52 50 45 37 41 41 42 39 56 48 1% 58 54 52 51 50 48 42 40 61 54 Leq 50 47 40 36 36 34 40 38 54 45 I sound sources: b, i, et, t v

N-3 l

l

Report No. 302.4A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 2" (Cont'd) 1 October 1985 1528 hours0.0177 days <br />0.424 hours <br />0.00253 weeks <br />5.81404e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99%~ 38 35 25' *25 23 20 -41 30 46 42 95% 38 35 26 25 24 21 42 30 47 43 90% 39 36 26 25 24 21 42 31 47 44 50% 41 38 29 27 25 23 43 34 48 44 10% 44 40 33 30 28 26 43 36 49 45 5% 45 42 34 32 30 28 43 36 50 45 1% 48 45 40 38 41 36 44 37 52 47 Leg 42 39 31 29 29 25 43 34 48 45 sound sources: i, t 2 October 1985 1034 hours0.012 days <br />0.287 hours <br />0.00171 weeks <br />3.93437e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 40 43 37 36 34 29 28 19 50 40 O 95%

90%

41 41 44 44 38 39 37 38 35 35 30 30 29 29 20 21 51 51 40 41 50% 43 47 40 40 37 32 31 26 53 43 10% 45 50 44 41 41 41 34 31 55 46 5% 47 51 44 42 43 43 35 33 55 47 1% 53 55 46 43 45 46 37 38 57 50 Leg 44 48 41 40 39 37 32 28 53 44 sound sources: b, i, et, t 25 October 1985 1534 hours0.0178 days <br />0.426 hours <br />0.00254 weeks <br />5.83687e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 41 39 39 37 32 29 24 52 41 95% 46 43 40 40 38 35 32 27 53 43 90% 47 43 41 41 39 37 34 28 53 45 50% 50 48 47 45 43 42 39 34- 56 49 10% 55 54 55 52 50 49 46 41 63 56 5% 57 56 56 53 51 50 47 43 64 57 1% 67 59 59 57 55 54 51 46 69 61 Leq 54 51 51 48 47 45 42 37 60 52 l

p sound sources: w, a, i, t l V

N-4 1

i Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 2" (cont'd) 26 October 1985 0240 hours0.00278 days <br />0.0667 hours <br />3.968254e-4 weeks <br />9.132e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 38 46 38 40 39 28 16 16 50 42 95% 39 48 39 40 39 29 16 16 51 43 90% 40 49 39 40 40 29 16 16 52 43 50% 42 52 41 42 42 31 16 16 54 45 10% 45 55 45 44 45 34 19 17 56 47 5% 46 56 46 45 46 34 23 20 57 48 1% 46 57 46 45 46 35 27 25 58 49 Leg 42 53 42 42 42 32 19 17 54 45 sound sources: t(ll), et 26 October 1985 1705 hours0.0197 days <br />0.474 hours <br />0.00282 weeks <br />6.487525e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) .

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA

99% 39 34 26 25 21 23 19 16 43 29 0- 95%

90%

40 41 34 35 27 27 26 27 23 24 24 24 20 20 17 17 44 45 30 31 50% 43 39 33 31 -

27 27 23 18 47 35 10% 53 52 49 43 38 34 28 24 57 45 5% 56 56 '

52 50 44 36 30 26 60 50 1% 62 60 61 54 49 40 33 30 66 57 Leg 50 48 47 42 36 30 25 21 54 44 sound sources: w, i, b, t, a,.gs, mb, pt i

1 0

U N-5 1

_ _ _ _ _ __. , _ _ _ y _ _ _ . _ . . . _ _ ,,.-m. , ,

4 s_ - . . - . , ,- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

' LOCATION 3 31 September 1985 1617 hours0.0187 days <br />0.449 hours <br />0.00267 weeks <br />6.152685e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) -

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 41 38 27 27 27 25 33 27 46 37 95% 42 40 27 28 27 26 34 28 47 38 90% 42 41 27 29 27 27 34 28 47 38 50% 44 43 30 31 29 29' 35 31 48 39 10% 46 46 34 34 34 35 37 34 50 42 5% 47 47 35 35 36 38 38 34 51 44 1% 52 49 44 41 39 39 39 35 57 46 Leg 45 44 33 32 31 31 35 31 - 49 40

sound sources

1, w , b , et 1 October 1985 0014 hours1.62037e-4 days <br />0.00389 hours <br />2.314815e-5 weeks <br />5.327e-6 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) .

63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 '8000 OA dBA 99% 39 41 25 26 25 33 31 23 46 38 95% 40 42 26 27 O 90%

50%

40 42 43 46 26 29 27 29 25 26 28 35 34 36 33 33 36 23 25 25 47 47 49 38 39 41 10% 44. 49 32 31 30 39 39 29 51 ~43 5% 44 50 33 32 32 39 39 29 51 44 4 1% 46 51 35 36 35 40 40 30 53 45

Leg 42 46 31 32 29 36 36 26 49 41 4 sound sources

1, et

1. October 1985 0947 hours0.011 days <br />0.263 hours <br />0.00157 weeks <br />3.603335e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 42 38 27 23 21 17 27 41 42 48 95% 43 38 27 24 21 18 28 42 42 48 i

90% 43 39 28 24 21 18 28 42 42 48 4

50% 45 40 30 25 22 21- 30 43 43 49 10% 47 43 45 40 31 27 32 44 46 52 4 5% 47 46 53 46 38 31 33 44 51 56

! 1% 48 54 61 52 45 37 35 44 55 63 Leg 45 43 47 39 33 25 30 43 45 52 1

sound sources: t,d, i, a, j N-6

R; port No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newinan Inc.

Q LOCATION 3 (cont'd) b 1 October 1985 1357 hours0.0157 days <br />0.377 hours <br />0.00224 weeks <br />5.163385e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 40 38 27 26 25 22 43 41 49 46 95% 41 39 28 27 25 22 44 41 49 46 90% 42 40 29 27 25 23 44 41 50 46 50% 44 42 3k 29 27 25 48 43 Sk 50 10% 49 45 40 37 .31 28 51 43 55 52 5% 53 46 43 39 37 32 52 43 57 53 1% 61 51 49 44 41 37 53 43 63 54 Leg 49 43 38 34 31 28 49 42 53 50 sound sources: 1, b , e t , a, t 24 October 1985 1750 hours0.0203 days <br />0.486 hours <br />0.00289 weeks <br />6.65875e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 40 28 28 26 32 27 18 47 34 95% 44 41 29 28 26 29 28 18 48 34 O 90%

50%

44 46 42 45 30 31 29 30 27 28 29 26 29 29 29 20 48

-50 34 35 10% 48 - 47 35 31 30 25 30 24 51 37 5% 48 48 36 32 31 25 31 26 52 38 1% 49 49 39 33 34 25 35 30 53 39 Leg 46 45 33 30 29 27 29 23 50 36 sound sources: t, b, i, et, p, a 25 October 1985 1230 hours0.0142 days <br />0.342 hours <br />0.00203 weeks <br />4.68015e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) l 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 39 35 32 34 30 27 24 35 46 I 39 95% 40 36 33 34 32 30 25 35 46 40 90% 40 36 34 35 33 32 27 35 46 41 50% 42 39 37 38 37 37 34 37 49 44 10% 51 47 44 42 39 40 39 39 55 47 5% 55 51 48 43 41 42 41 39 58 48 1% 61 56 52 49 43 43 43 41 63 50 Leg 49 45 41 40 37 38 36 37 52 44 sound sources: w, i, a, t .

O N-7

i R* port No. 3024A-10

. Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 3 (cont'd) 26 October 1985 0140 hours0.00162 days <br />0.0389 hours <br />2.314815e-4 weeks <br />5.327e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 40 40 26 28 27 20 17 16 47 32 4

95% 40 41 27 29 27 22 18 16 47 32 90% 41 42 27 29 27 22 19 16 48 32 50% 43 44 29 30 29 24 21 17 19 34 10% 46 47 36 31 30 27 23 18 51 36 5% 47 47 38 32 31 28 24 19 51 36 1% 49 49 41 36 33 . 31 26 23 52 37 Leg 44 45 33 31 30 26 22 17 19 35 3

sound sources: w, et, a, t(d)

I i

b

'O I

1 a

O 1

N-8

- . . ,,.,..-.,,,-.--,,..,,----,-n t ,, e,-----.-- c-----., ---,,,n,.. - ~ - . - - - , - . - - ,c-- , - --n,..w,--,-,g--.

l RIport No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc..

p LOCATION 4 30 September 1985 1545 hours0.0179 days <br />0.429 hours <br />0.00255 weeks <br />5.878725e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 QA dBA 99% 49 44 35 33 33 29 39 36 58 44 95% 50 45 36 34 33 30 40 38 58 44 90% 50 46 36 34 34 31 40 38 58 44 50% 53 48 39 37 36 35 41 38 59 46 10% 57 51 43 40 39 38 42 40 62 47 5% 59 53 44 42 40 38 42 40 63 47 1% 61 59 46 45 42 40 43 40 67 48 Leq 54 50 40 38 37 35 41 39 60 46 4

sound sources: w, '(d), t(a). eng, tfr, i, a 1 October 1985 0005 hours5.787037e-5 days <br />0.00139 hours <br />8.267196e-6 weeks <br />1.9025e-6 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 50 37 '38 38 35 25 15 55 42 95% 46 51 38 39 38 35 26 16 56 43 j 90% 47 52 38 40 29 36 27 16 56 43 50% 49 54 39 41 41 39 31 17 57 46 10% 55 55 43 44 44 41 34 22 59 48 5% 57 56 44 45 45 42 35 25 60 49 1% 63 57 48 48 47 43 37 30 64 51 Leq 52 54 41 42- 42 39 31 20 58 46 sound sources: 1, t(d), ct, tfr 1 October 1985 1021 hours0.0118 days <br />0.284 hours <br />0.00169 weeks <br />3.884905e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 53 49 35 32 32 27 25 47 58 46 95% 54 50 36 33 32 28 25 47 59 48 90% 54 50 36 33 33 28 25 48 59 48 50% 56 52 38 34 34 30 26 49 60 49 10% 59 54 45 39 38 34 32 49 62 49

, 5% 60 55 47 40 39 35 34 49 63 50 1% 62 57 50 42 45 39 39 49 64 51 Leq 57 52 41 36 36 31 29 49 61 49 sound sources: b, eng, ba, t(a), a, p, et n-N-9

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 4 (con t'd) 1 October 1985 1504 hours0.0174 days <br />0.418 hours <br />0.00249 weeks <br />5.72272e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 44 41 32 31 30 27 32 40 51 42 95% 45 42~, 32 32 31 27 33 41 51 43 90% 46 42 32 32 32 27 33 42 52 44 50% 48 45 37 35 34 30 35 44 53 45 10% 51 49 39 40 37 34 37 45 55 47 5% 52 51 40 42 38 35 37 46 56 47 1% 55 54 43 48 40 38 44 47 58 51 Leg 49 47 35 39 35 32 36 44 54 45 sound sources: t(ll), t(a), i, b i

25 October 1985 1447 nours Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) i 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 49 47 38 43 41 34 20 29 58 46 95% 51 48 39 44 42 35 22 30 59 46 i 90% 52 49 39 45 42 35 23 31 59 57 50% 56 52 42 47 45 37 28 33 61 49 10% 59 57 46 51 48 41 33 36 63 51 5% 61 58 47 52 49 43 34 36 65 53 1% 63 59 49 54 52 45 39 37 70 55 Leq 57 54 43 48 46 39 30 34 62 50 l l

sound sources: 1, b , w , et, p, ba, tfr 26 October 1985 0205 hours0.00237 days <br />0.0569 hours <br />3.38955e-4 weeks <br />7.80025e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 44 48 34 38 35 28 16 16 53 40 95% 45 49 35 38 36 29 16 16 54 40 90% 45 50 35 39 36 29 16 16 54 40 50% 50 52 39 41 38 32 17 16 56 43 10%' 60 54 41 42 40 33 17 16 62 46 l 5% 63 55 42 45 41 34 18 16 64 46 1% 65 56 43 46 43 35 19 17 65 47 Leg 55 52 39 47 38 32 17 16 58 44 l sound sources: t(ll), et, tfr O

N-10

1 Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 4 (cont'd)

.26 October 1985 1630 hours0.0189 days <br />0.453 hours <br />0.0027 weeks <br />6.20215e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000- 8000 OA dBA 99% 48 45 34 37 34 30 20 17 57 39 95% 48 46 35 37 34 30 21 18 57 40 90% 49 47 35 38 35 30 22 18 58 40 50% 50 50 39 39 37 32 26 21 58 42 10% 53 53 39 42 39 34 29 25 60 43 5% 54 54 39 42 40 35 30 26 61 44

, 1% 57 55 42 44 42 37 32 31 65 45 l Leq 51 50 37 40 37 32 27 23 59 42 i sound sources: tfr, w, et, b, a i

O I

l i

l

~

1 0 O

4 N-ll 1

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 5 30 September 1985 1828 hours0.0212 days <br />0.508 hours <br />0.00302 weeks <br />6.95554e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 48 46 33 35 31 39 35 26 58 44 95% 49 47 35 36 33 39 35 27 58 45 90% 50 48 36 37 34 39 36 28 58 45 50% 53 51 40 41- 39 41 37 31 59 47' 10% 64 58 47 45 45 43 40 32 66 50 5% 66 61 50 47 47 ~4 5 41 33 68 52 1% 68 70 57. 49 51 48 42 34 72 57 Leg 60 58 45' 43 42 42 38 31 63 49

~

sound sources: 1, t, p, t(d), a '

l October 1985 0100 hours0.00116 days <br />0.0278 hours <br />1.653439e-4 weeks <br />3.805e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 48 36 37 32 31 27 16 52 40 0, 95%

90%

50%

44 44 48 49 51 37 37 38 38 33 33 31 31 27 27 17 17 53 54 40 40 54 40 41 36 32 29 20 56 43 10% 53 57 49 46 39 33 30 22 58 47 5% 54 57 52 48 40 33 31 23 -59 49 1% 56 58 56 50 42 35 31 24 60 51 Leq 50 54 46 43 37 32 29 20 57 44 sound sources: t(ll), ct i 1 October 1985 1144 hours0.0132 days <br />0.318 hours <br />0.00189 weeks <br />4.35292e-4 months <br />

- Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 42 34 33 28 22 35 40 50 42 95% 44 43 35 34 29 23 35 41 50 90%

43 45 44 36 35 31 23 35 41 50 43 50% 47 47 40 39 35 28 36 42 53 45 10% 54 52 48 44 44 40 36 43 57 49 5% 56 54 51 46 46 42 38 44 60 50 1% 59 58 56 49 50 46 40 45 ' 63 54 Leq 51 49 45 41 40 36 36 42 55 47 sound sources: 1, t, a, t(11), b O

N-12 '

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 5 (cont'd) 2 October 1985 1211 hours0.014 days <br />0.336 hours <br />0.002 weeks <br />4.607855e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 43 41 33 30 28 20 27 29 49 40

. 95% 44 42 34 31 29 22 30 35 50 41 90% 44 42 35 32 30 23 30 36 50 41 50% 47 45 40 38 36 29 33 39 53 44 10% 55 51 46 42 43 49 37 44 58 49 i 5% 58 54 49 44 45 42 39 48 61 51 1% 63 61 54 46 48 45 41 51 66 53 Leq 52 49 44 39 39 36 34 42 56 46 sound sources: t, b, t(11), i 25 October 1985 1146 hours0.0133 days <br />0.318 hours <br />0.00189 weeks <br />4.36053e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 44 38 39 37 29 24 28 51 42 p) 95%

90%

46-47 45 46 39 39 40 40 38 38 30 3k 26 27 30 30 52 53 42 43 50% 50 49 44 44 41 36 31 33 56 46 10% 58 57 53 50 49 44 40 37 64 53 5% 60 57 53 50 49 44 40 37 64 53 1% 64 64 59 53 52 48 42 39 68 57 Leq 55 53 48 46 43 39 34 34 59 49 sound sources: t(11), t, t(d), b, i, w 26 October 1985 0025 hours2.893519e-4 days <br />0.00694 hours <br />4.133598e-5 weeks <br />9.5125e-6 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 40 44 35 37 31 17 15 16 48 36 95% 41 45 36 37 32 19 15 16 49 38 90% 41 46 37 38 33 20 15 16 49 38 50% 46 49 42 44 40 28 16 16 54 45 10% 51 52 47 49 46 34 17 16 58 49 5% 53 53 48 51 47 37 20 17 59 51 1% 56 57 51 54 50 40 27 18 62 54 Leg 48 51 44 46 42 32 19 16 55 46 sound sources: t, t(ll), d, a, et N-13

s.

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCAT10h 5 (cont'd) 26'Octo'aE r 1985 1458 hours0.0169 days <br />0.405 hours <br />0.00241 weeks <br />5.54769e-4 months <br />

' Octave.. Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 48 44 39 39 36 33 31 29 57 42 95% 49 45 40 40 37 34 32 30 58 42 90% 50 46 40 40 ' 38 34 33 30 58 44 50% 54 49 44 43 41 39 37 33 60 47 10% 60 61 50 45 46 43 41 38 66 52 5% , 63 65 53 47 48 ,

'.44 42 38 68 53 1% 6 7 '- 71 58 48 51 '

46 44 40 72 56 Leq 57 59 48 44 43 40 38 35' 6? 49

' ~

sound sources: w, t(d), t, a, b t

f b

.1 ,

+

e

O N-14

Report No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 7 30 September 1985 1645 hours0.019 days <br />0.457 hours <br />0.00272 weeks <br />6.259225e-4 months <br /> >

Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 44 39 28 26 26 28 44 39 57 47 95% 45 40 29 27 27 29 45 40 35 47 90% 45 40 29 28 28 29 45 40 57 48 50%' 47 42 32 31 31 33 46 40 57 48 10% 50 46 37 34 34 35 48 41 59 49 5% 51 47 38 35 37 38 48 42 61 50 1% 55 50 48 39 43 41 48 43 64 51 Leq 48 44 38 35 33 34 46 41 58 48 sound sources: t, i, w, d 1 October 1985 0045 hours5.208333e-4 days <br />0.0125 hours <br />7.440476e-5 weeks <br />1.71225e-5 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 42 41 26 21 18 34 35 29 48 40 A 95% 43 43 26 22 18 35 36 31 49 40 y) 90% 44 43 27 22 18 36 37 31 49 40 50% 46 45 28 24 20 36 39 32 51 42 10% 49 47 32 29 25 38 41 33 53 44 5% 50 49 33 30 28 38 41 33 53 45 1% 52 50 35 34 35 39 42 34 54 45 Leg 47 46 29 26 23 37 39 32 51 43 sound sources: 1, t(d), et, d, trn 1 October 1985 1015 hours0.0117 days <br />0.282 hours <br />0.00168 weeks <br />3.862075e-4 months <br /> Oc.tave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 45 42 32 26 20 18 26 51 54 50 95% 46 43 33 26 21 19 28 51 54 50 90% 47 44 33 27 21 19 29 51 54 51 50% 48 45 36 28 22 22 31 53 55 52 10% 52 49 44 36 27 25 33 53 57 53 5% 55 50 48 38 30 28 35 53 58 53 1% 62 52 53 42 34 32 37 53 63 53 Leg 51 46 41 32 25 23 31 52 56 52 sound sources: 1, t(d), a, t 3

N-15

R3 port No. 3024A-10 Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc.

LOCATION 7 (cont'd) 1 October 1985 1423 hours0.0165 days <br />0.395 hours <br />0.00235 weeks <br />5.414515e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz)

• 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 39 34 23 22 21 19 40 46 50 47 95% 39 36 24 22 21 19 41 47 50 43 90% 40 36 24 23 21 19 41 47 50 48 50% 42 38 26 24 22 21 43 49 51 49 1

10% 45 42 39 34 25 22' 44 49 52 50 5% 46 43 46 38 28 23 45 49 53 50 1% 48 46 48 42 31 25 45 50 55 51 Leg 43 39 37 30 24 21 43 49 51 44 sound sources: 1, trn, d, a 24 October 1985 1826 hours0.0211 days <br />0.507 hours <br />0.00302 weeks <br />6.94793e-4 months <br /> Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA W. .'.

99% 42 45 30 26 22  !

24 25 19 47 31 '

43 O 95%

90%

50%

44 45 43 43 al 31 31 33 27 27 29 23 23 25 24 25 27 25 26 28 19 19 20 48 48 1

10% 47 49 ,3 40 35 36 31 30 29 48 23 50 3?

5% 39 37 37 32 31 30 25 51 3 '.*

1% 49 39 39 38 36 37 35 Leg 32 54 45 42 34 32 28 28 28 22 49 ;6 sound sources: d, t, t(d), i 25 October 1985 1610 hours0.0186 days <br />0.447 hours <br />0.00266 weeks <br />6.12605e-4 months <br />

• Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA al.

99% 46 39 35 36 35 33 26 30 57 C.

95% 47 42 36 37 37 34 28 31 57 t' 90% 48 43 37 38 37 35 30 32 58 4 _.

50% 52 50 43 43 43 40 10% 60 37 35 60 48 58 48 48 47 45 62 42 38 68 52 5% 59 50 49 48 47 68 44 39 71 53 1% 62 52 50 49 48 Leg 57 45 41 77 54 53 45 45 44 42 38 36 65 49 sound sources- w eng, t(d), d , b, i O

N-16

Rsport No. 3024A-10 Bolt Bercnek and Newsman Inc.

LOCATION 7 (cont'd) 26 October 1985 0105 hours0.00122 days <br />0.0292 hours <br />1.736111e-4 weeks <br />3.99525e-5 months <br />

/

Octave Band Center Frequency (Hz) 63 125 250 500 1000 2000 4000 8000 OA dBA 99% 31 27 19 18 15 15 14 15 36 23 95% 32 28 20 18 16 15 14 15 37 23 90% 32 28 20 19 16 15 14 15 37 24 50% 34 30 23 21 18 17 16 15 38 25 10% 37 33 26 23 20 20 18 17 40 27 5% 38 35 27 24 22 21 19 17 41 28 1% 42 38 29 25 26 24 21 20 44 31 ,

Leg 35 31 24 21 19 18 174 16 39 26 sound sources: 1, w

/

O O N-17 L-