ML20210R944
| ML20210R944 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | 07000267 |
| Issue date: | 02/28/1985 |
| From: | NEW YORK, STATE UNIV. OF, BUFFALO, NY |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20210R873 | List: |
| References | |
| 125847, PROC-850228, NUDOCS 8610070504 | |
| Download: ML20210R944 (48) | |
Text
.
t EP #1 (formerly OP #51) 2/85 PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77)
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE Staff General Emergency Procedure I.
Introduction This procedure provides rules and information which, if utilized, will minimize hazards to NSTF staff members in the event of an emergency.
This procedure presents an overview of information presented in the s
\\
NSTF Emergency Plan and Emergency Procedures Manual.
Reactor operators r.__
.and membera.nf.the NSTF Emergency. Staff must he familiar with the ;_
q aforementioned procedures and plan.
For such personnel, this procedure serves as a summary review. Other members of the NSTF staff are not required to maintain familiarity with other emergency procedures or the Emergency Plan.
They are required, however, to be familiar with this procedure.
II.
Scope Two problem categories are addressed by this procedure; building evacuations and medical emergencies.
Evacuations are further segregated into fire and non-fire situations.
Three levels of building occupancy are addressed:
1.
Daytime working hours, when a comparatively large number of people occupy the building.
2.
Evening and nighttime hours, when typical occupancy is two reactor ope,rators.
3.
Weekends and holidays, when no one is regularly scheduled to be in the building. On such occasions, one or more staff members may be present for non-routine maintenance, repair, or research activities.
III. Medical Emergency A.
During Daytime Working Hours 1.
Administer first aid as you are able. If someone more qualified in first aid is available, try to obtain assistance from such person (s).
2.
Obtain medical assistance by calling University Public Safety (security) at "2222".
Request medical assistance. Speak slowly and clearly.
If no radiation exposure or contamination is involved, tell the dispatcher right away.
8610070504 860813 REG 1 LIC70 SNM-0273 PDR L
t 1
EP #1 (2/85)
Page 2 3.
Notify the receptionist that a medical assistance team is on the way.
If a staff member is available, have him or her wait in the reception area for the medical team. This person should guide the team to the location of the victim (s) within the building.
4.
Do not delay the medical team by requiring them to sign in.
They must be escorted at all times.
Issue dosimeters only if'a radiation emergency exists. Whoever actifies the receptionist should indicate whether dosimeters will be required.
B.
Evening and Night Working Hours
()
1.
Administer first aid as you are able.
~
2.
Notify the reactor operator on duty (if reactor is in operation) via intercom "7".
The reactor operator should shut down the reactor if necessary, in order to lend assistance.
3.
Obtain medical assistance as in A.2.
4.
If no one is available, inform Public Safety that they will have to escort the medical team to the location of the victim (s).
Otherwise, station an escort at the front door to admit and direct the medical team to the victim (s).
5.
Issue dosimeters if appropriate (as specified in A.4.).
6.
When time allows, notify the Operations Manager.
()
C.
Weekends and Holidays 1.
If you are alone in the building, call Public Safety.
Be sure to
' ndicate your location within the building, i
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2.
If more than one person is present in the building, proceed as in section B.
IV.
Evacuation of the Building A.
General There are many foreseeable situations which would make prompt evacuation of the facility prudent, in the interest of safety.
This would include fires, high radiation levels, severe contamination, airborne radioactive materials, toxic fumes, gas leaks, earthquakes, l
bomb threats, etc.
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Page 3 Such evacuations can be initiated in three ways:
1.
The building fire alarm system.
There are pull stations and klaxons located throughout the building.
These alarms should be used only in true emergency situations. An automatic response by the Buffalo Fire Department is triggered. Once initiated, the response can not be averted.
Fire Department personnel will risk their lives to get here.
The Fire klaxons produce a constant tone for three minutes, and then shut off automatically.
j 2.
The building evacuation alarm.
The building evacuation alarm is to be used for non-fire
.cva:ustion situaticus.~-It'la Activ ted by T awittiiun Lise ~~
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radiation monitor panel in the control room. Use of this alarm should be backed up by a P.A. announcement.
Indicate the 4
reason for evacuation. Warn personnel away from hazardous areas. No outside agencies are automatically summoned by this j
alarm.
If assistance is required, call Public Safety. The evacuation alarm activates intermittent klaxon horns. This alarm must be turned off manually.
3.
P.A. announcement.i.
I The P.A. system is used as a backup to the evacuation alarm, or may be used in lieu of the alarm if the activsting switch is inaccessible.
It may also be used in limited evacuation situa-tions, such as the evacuation of one or more decks of the 4
containment only. Microphones are located in the control room O
and in the reception area.
Speak slowly and clearly, and repeat information several times.
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The proper response in any evacuation is to leave the building immediately. Do not delay.
If possible, leave via the front door.
If the path is blocked, leave by any available exit.
Hang up 1
telephones.
If possible, close windows, secure air conditioners, i
leave lights on, and close doors behind you.
If possible, pick up respirators or portable radiation monitoring equipment on the way out.
Do not go out of your way to obtain them.
l The reactor operator on duty should scram the reactor, and take the log book with him if able.
Once you have exited the building, do not leave the area. Report j
immediately to the loading dock inside the Howe Research Building.
Do not eat, drink, or. smoke until you have been monitored for contamination.
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EP #1 (2/85)
Page 4 B.
Fire In The Facility If you hear a fire alarm, evacuate the building as per the afore-mentioned guidelines.
If you discover a fire, you must quickly choose one of two alternatives:
1.
If the fire is small, and does not involve radioactive material (such as a fire in a wastebasket or instrument chassis), and if the appropriate fire extinguisher is readily available, fight the fire if you are able.
If you attempt to fight the fire and cannot control it quickly, turn in a fire alarm.
2.
If any of the above three conditions are not met, do not fight O.
the fire. Turn in an alarm.
If in doubt, turn in an alarm!
C.
Other Evacuation Situations If you hear the evacuation horn, or a P.A. announcement, evacuate as per the aforementioned guidelines.
If you discover a situation which you feel may warrant.an evacuation, proceed as follows:
1.
Verbally alert any other personnel in the immediate area.
2.
During working hours, if the reactor is operating, notify the control room (intercom 7).
The operator on duty will investigate O
or initiate action as appropriate.
If the reactor is not operating, notify the shift supervisor.
3., During weekends and holidays, notify the senior staff member in the building.
The senior staff member will take action as appropriate.
If you are alone, notify Public Safety at "2222".
Inform the dispatcher that you are proceeding to Howe Research Building. Go to Howe and await assistance. Do not leave the area.
D.
Special Considerations i
1.
During Business Hours In an emergency, an " Emergency Director" will take charge, a.
as specified in the NSTF Emergency Plan, b.
If you evacuated the building by an alternative exit, make your presence known to the Emergency Director.
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-O EP #1-(2/85)
Page 5 1.
c.
The receptionist (if one is on duty), upon hearing an evacuation signal, should wait and observe who leaves the building, for a maximum of two minutes. The receptionist should then leave, taking along the visitor log and any name tags from the IN/0UT board that are still in the IN position.
The crash bar on the front door must be locked on the way out, to prevent any unauthorized re-entry. A spare key is located in the left end of the cabinet housing the visitor film badges.
d.
If no receptionist is on duty, the first person to reach the reception area assumes the duty of the receptionist.
(
The front door must be locked to prohibit any entry to the building (such.as a mailman.. or a ataf f-member-- whn was mie - -
of the' building).
2.
Weekends and Holidays Initial response to an emergency shall be by members of the Public Safety Department.
Make your presence known to the officers responding.
3.
Fires The Emergency Director must a.tount for all personnel. When the Fire Department arrives, approach the senior officer and provide all available information. The Fire Department will not enter the building without a staff escort, unless it is a 0
11fesavins eituatien.
^11 Persens mest be acceunted fer.
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OPERATING COMMITTEE APPROVAL:
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Operations 5#
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EP #2 (formerly 0F #52) 2/85 PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77)
EMERGENCY PROCELURE Medical Emergency Procedure I.
Introduction The purpose of this procedure is to facilitate prompt and proper treatment of medical emergencies at the Nuclear Science and Technology Facility.
It may foreseeably be implemented in a " stand alone" situation or in conjunction with other emergency implementing procedures.
It would be absurdly foolish to attempt to address specifically all foreseeable emergency scenarios.
It
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would be equally foolish to assign specific duties to specific individuals, since one cannot know.in_ advance.which. individuals.would be available when
. _ _ _. ~. _
the emargency occurs.
This procedure is therefore written in a generic sense, and encompasses five crucial aspects of emergency response: Assessment; Notification; Preparation for transport; Transport; Contamination control.
the It will be the responsibility of the Emergency Director to ensure that provisions set forth in this procedure are carried out.
He may assume or delegate specific duties to personnel on hand, at his discretion.
II.
/,ssessment
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Medical emergencies at NETF will require two initial assessments:
an of medical severity, and an assessment or radiological severity.
assessment A.
Medical Assessment trained NSTF and Radiation Protection Services (RPS) staff members are not med'ical personnel.
Any medical assessment should therefore be backed up as soon as possible by representatives of the University Health Services Department.
Pending this backup, however, an initial assessment must be made, and if possible, first aid should be supplied (CPR, compresses, etc.).
Life-saving first aid should and must be given top priority in Other considerations, such as contamination control, a medical emergency.
are secondary.
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EP #2 (2/85)
Page 2 i
B.
Radiological Assessment The following categories of medical emergencies are addressed by this i
procedure:
1.
Injury or sickness not involving radiation exposure or radioactive contamination.
2.
Severe radiation exposure (estimated more than 25R), and no contamination.
3.
Injury or sickness involving radioactive contamination and/or radia-tion exposure.
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which m ergency wrg:niration-and individuala:ahall hecnme involved.in. _ -__
Classification of a situation into one of these categories shall determine A classification assessment must therefore be made promptly by response.
the Emergency Director or his designate.
Methodologies by which such an assessment will be performed will vary, depending on the particular situation, and hence cannot be rigorously set forth in this procedure. Basically, however, the following two aspects should be considered:
1.
Contamination The likelihood of contamination will vary, depending on the series of events by which the injury or sickness came to be.
If there is any reason to suspect contamination, a thorough check should be made, using portable survey instruments and standard techniques.
2.
Dose Estimate All persons at the NSTF are issued radiation dosimeters. These should be read as soon as possible if exposure is suspected.
It is possible, however, that said dosimeters may be off scale or rendered inoperable.
In such situations, estimate exposure by determining as well as possible, radiation dose rates and victim stay times.
III.
Notification Communications is an important aspect of response to medical emergencies.
It is imperative that proper channels be followed to avoid duplicate or conflicting calls, and to ensure that the correct individuals and organizations are contacted.
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EP #2 (2/85)
Page 3 Emergency medical response will involve a combination of the following organizations:
1.
University Public Safety Department.
I 2.
University Health Services.
3.
Ambulance service (s).
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4.
Veterans Administration Medical Center.
l 5.
Roswell Park Memorial Institute.
6.
University Environmental Health and Safety Department.
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The first call should always be to the Public Safety Department dispatcher at '2222'.
Speak slowly and clearly, and state "I wish to report an emergency at the Nuclear Facility.".
The dispatcher _ vill then request ~the followina_information:-
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1.
Is immediate medical assistance requested? Is an ambulance requested?
Extent and number of injuries?
2.
What is the cause and general nature of the emergency?
3.
Caller's name and affiliation. Name of the Emergency Director. Phone number (s) and location (s) for call back.
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After supplying the above information, hang up and await response. A I
Public Safety officer (s) and a doctor and nurse should arrive within minutes.
If possible, station someone at the back door
- to admit and escort them.
Victims of severe radiation exposure with no contamination are to be trans-ported to Roswell Park. All other persons who require hospitalization (at O
cae diacrecien er nea1ta service Per enne1) wa11 se tren Perted te cae i
i V.A. Medical Center.
Calls should be placed to the Office of the Director at V.A. Medical Center so that the Emergency Room may prepare to receive patients.. (See Appendix A.)
It is the responsibility of the Emergency l
Director to ensure that these calls are made.
l As completely as possible, supply the following information to the hospital:
1 1.
Number of patients.
2.
Escimated amounts and types of exposure for each patient.
3.
Extent or nature of injuries for each patient.
4.
Estimated time of arrival at hospital.
S.
Caller's name and nurr.ber for call back.
If victim (s) are not at the NSTF (i.e., at Howe or elsewhere), indicate j
this to the dispatcher, and station a person in the appropriate location.
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EP #2 (2/85)
Page 4 l
The following staff members should also be notified if they are not on site:
1.
Facility Director.
2.
Radiation Safety Officer.
3.
Operations Manager.
l The Emergency Director shall ensure that these persons are notified, as time allows.
IV.
Preparation for Transport Once Health Services personnel reach the scene, they shall assume responsibility for medical treatment. NSTF and/or RPS staff members will maintain responsibility for radiological control.
If medical conditions allow, decontamination of any contaminated victims will be performed at the scene.
Showcr facilities and supplies are available at NSTF and at Howe.
For serious injuries or illness, cover the victim with a blanket and tag the blanket or stretcher as " contaminated".
If time allows, attach a radiation accident victim tag to the victim or stretcher, completing as much of the tag as possible.
(See Appendix B).
Patients with severe injury (injuries) or who have received severe exposure should be immobilized as much as possible, and should be moved via stretcher to avoid unnecessary exertion.
V.
Transport Transport shall be via ambulance. Public Safety will obtain the ambulance upon request.
If resources allow, a representative of the Radiation Pro-tection Services or the NSTF Operations Departmant shall accompany the transported victim (s).
He shall maintain radiological control until the emergency vehicle reaches the hospital.
The victim (s) should remain in the vehicle until authorization for transfer into the emergency room is granted by hospital representatives (if victims are contaminated).
If contaminated victims have been transported, the driver and the vehicle shall not be released back to service without authorization by the V.A. Medical Center.
Once victims are transferred into the emergency room, responsibility for their care transfers to the hospital.
University employees shall remain available, however, for assistance or to provide information as needed.
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O EP #2 (2/85)
Page 5 VI.
Contamination Control In the event of a medical emergency involving radioactive contamination, all reasonable measures should be taken to preclude ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or spread of the radioactive material.
Such measures, however, should not compromise essential medical treatment.
In cases of minor illness or injury, decontamination should be performed on l
site. Routine procedures and methodologies shall be employed.
If all contamination cannot be removed, contain the residual by use of tape, and plastic bags, cloth, or paper.
l n
For severe injuries or illness, do not delay transport and/or treatment by
()
attempting to decontaminate. Control the spread by:
l 1.
Remove or cut away contaminated clothing if time allows.
2.
Cover victim with a blanket, and tag as contaminated.
i 3.
If hair is contaminated, place a surgical cap on victim.
4.
Segregate any equipment or supplies used. Do not return to normal service until checked for contamination.
5.
If time allows, personnel should wear protective clothing, including respirators if there is a likelihood of airborne contamination.
6.
.All personnel who handle or treat the victim are considered contaminated l
until a check proves otherwise, l
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APPENDIX A.
MEDICAL EMERGENCY CALL LIST l
UNIVERSITY:
Public Safety Department - 2222 Health Services - 3316 Environmental Health and Safety - 3301 Radiation Protection Services - 3281 RPS STAFF:
Mark Pierro - 3281/691-7844/Pager 696-0039-10 second Don Sherman - 3281/839-2678 messageo NSTF STAFF:
Louis Henry - 2826/773-3186/Pager 886-1743JB903896)
- Philip Orlosky - 2826/684-8585/Pager 696-2553 Robert Kerns - 2826/731-3810 O
A. Adams - 2826/877-1884 Jim Griffin - 2826/652-3139/Pager 881-8017 Nancy Hutchison - 2826/875-0905 HEALTH SERVICES:
Answering Service - 884-3100 Dr. Marie Kunz -- 3316/836-5419 V. A. MEDICAL CENTER:
Emergency Room - 834-9200, Ext. 3608 Dr. J. Steinback - 834-9200. Ext. 3635 home - 688-7913 Dr. Gona - 834-9200, Ext. 2687 home 434-1883 Lockport Mr. W. Quain - 838-5250 or 838-3266 home - 627-3738 Miss J. Dudkiewicz - 834-9200, Ext. 2685 home - 631-9176 l
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ROSWELL PARK l
MEMORIAL INSTITUTE:
Admissions - 834-5734 Emergency Room - 845-5178, 3534 l
Dr. R. Johnson - 845-2300 Dr. E. Henderson - 845-3221
- 1.
Call the Dispatch number 886-1743.
2.
Tell the person who answers at this number that you wish to activate pager No. 6903896.
3.
Tell the person "I wish to display No. xxx-xxx" where xxx-xxxx is the phone number you would like me to call (usually your own number).
l 4.
Await my call.
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s APPENDIX B
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'IDTAL ESTIMATED EXf0$URE Rom (som of 1, 2,3 above)
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ENVIRONMENTutHEALTH AND SAFETY f
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES 1
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DATE: September 10, 1973 SUsj ECT: MEDICAL EMERGENCY - SOUni CAMPUS FILE: Emergency Procedure (Safety Manual)
Any person at the scene of an accident or onset of serious personal illness may obtain medical, nursing, ambulance and campus security aid by dialing one number - 4747 (831-4747).
This number has twenty-four (24) hour service in the Office of Campus O
Securitv. when this number is cal 1ed. the felte ins measures w111 be tahen:
Caller should state, "I WISH TO REPORT A MEDICAL EMERGENCY.
- 1. _Cappu.s.Sec.urit;y Dt sga tehar Should Ask:
a.
Location: Bldg.
Floor Room b.
Extension for call back c.
Who is calling d.
Nature of emergency e.
Name of victim (if known) f.
Is an ambulance required 2.
Campus Security Dispatcher (after receiving report):
O a.
Dispatch a patrol to scene (Patrol #1) b.
Notify University Health Service - extension 3316 (dispatcher relay details of incident) c.
Dispatch a patrol to Haalth Service (Patrol #2)
(dispatcher relay details of incident) d.
Call ambulance if deemed necessary 3.
Patrol #1 (goes directly to scene):
a.
Confirm condition - report to dispatcher h,
Render appropriate first aid c.
Request physician if needed (caly nurse will respond with second patrol unless otherwise directed) d.
Request ambulance if needed and not already ca11ed or caneci if not required i
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Patrol #2 (goes directly to Health Service):
a.
Driva directly to Health Service: Entrance - north end Michael Hall b.
Assist nurses by Iceding emergency equipment c.
Transport nurses and/or physician to scene.
(If scene is close to Health Service building, nurses and physician may proceed directly to scene. Patrol #2 should check to see if additional assistance is required.)
d.
Patrol #1 should remain at scene until nurses certify that the emergency is under control.
e.
Patrol #2 may proceed to other assignment if assistance is not required.
- 5..
Calls-for-Ambulance:-----
The Campus Security dispatcher, patrols or University Health Service personnel may call for an ambulance. All calls will be coordinated to avoid duplicate calls.
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VETERANS ADMINISTRATION HOSPITAL 3495 bailey Avenue i
Buffalo, New York 14215 l'
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TABIE OF CONTDtTS, I.agg
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1 Definition of Radiation Accident Cases 2
2.
Early Management Prior to Arrival in Hospital 4
3.
Instructions to Referring Agency / Person 5
4 Instructions to Ehergency Room Clerk 7
5.
Ins tructions to Rescue Squad 8
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Instructions to Eastgency Room Physician and Nurse 9
7.
Instructions to Radiation Control Personnel 11 8.
Radiation Eastgency Notification Report Form 12 9
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Definitiod of Radiation Accident Cases There are four types of radiation accident patients:
1.
Radiation exoosure - The individual,who has received whole or partial body external radiation may have received a lethal dose of radiation but he is no hazard to attendants, other patients, or the environment. He is no different than the radiation therapy or diagnostic x-ray patient.
- 2. ' Internal contamination 'Such contamination results from inhalation or ingestion of radioactive material.
Such a person is no hazard to attendants, other patients, or the environment.
Following cleansing of minor amounts of contaminated material deposited on the body from airborne exposure, this person should be handled similarly to a case involving exposure to a chemical poison such as lead. His body wastes should be collected and saved in order that measurements of amount of radioactive materials present can be made as an assist in determining appropriate O
the:*epy.
3.
External contaminatioq - External contamination of body surf ace and/or clothing by radioactive liquids or by dirt particles presents a type of case with problems similar to vermin infestation. Surgical isolation techniques to protect other patients and the hospital environment must be employed in order to confine and remove any potential hazard.
4.
Contaminated wounds - When external contamination is complicated by a wound, care must be taken not to cross-contaminate surrounding surf aces from the wound and vice versa. The wound and surrounding surfaces are cleansed separately and seale 1 of f when clean.
These radiation and/or contamination problems may or may not be complicated by injury.
Radiation accidents may occur principally tinder the following conditions:
1.
During handling of unsealed radioactive materials and fissionable materials (such as in a Reactor).
2.
Expcsure to radiation emitting devices.
Whereas under the first category (1) all previously described radiation accident's may occur, external contamination is unitkely in the second (2) category.
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.If the patient is radioactive, this may be due to either contamination or induced activity.
Induced radioactivity from neutron exposure has never little to 4
presented any hazard to those caring for the patient and it cdds the patient's dose.
Radioactivity from contamination can be a serious hazard to patient and personnel and must be dealt with rapidly.
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3-Raview of Previous accidents suggests that some patients have suf fared because relatively uninformed personnel were too concerned about small amounts of induced radioactivity. There is no record that anyone ever received an intolerable dose of radiation by caring for a radiation accident victim in a first-aid station or hospital. The possibility of a doctor or paramedical person receiving a dangerous radiation dose in a radiation accident arises only if they must enter the radiation field in rescue attempts.
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O Early Management and General Priorities of Radiation Accidents PRIOR to Arrival in the Hospital
- 1.
Reseve patient from high-dose radiation field, or turn off or shield source.
2.
Deal with any traumatic hemorrhage and respiratory obstruction.
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3.
Measure patient's radioactivity - decontaminate if necessary.
4.
Establish radiation dose by biological and physical means -
estimate degree of injury and modify management accordingly.
5.
Notify hospitsi, and other authorities such as Department of Health, police, etc.
O 6.
Transfer to Emergency 1bom.
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ne ase e are deait -ith e tensivetr an+ 1n detait in.varie s manesis at plants whf ch are likely to develop such accidents; for example, the SUNYAB T.eactor.
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5 Instructions to Persons Referring Radiation Accident Patients to the Buffalo Veterans Administration Hospital A.
As soon as it is suspected that a radiation accident case (s) may be referred to the Buf falo VA Hospital, notify the Emergency Room and provida the following information:
1 Identification and affiliat;1on of person making the call 2.
Number of persons to be admitted and suspected of having:
a.
Injury but no radiation exposure _or contamination b.
Radiation exposure c.
Internal contamination d.
External contamination, and O
e.
Contaminated wounds 3.
Identification of patient (s) if known 4
Nature of accident, radiation, or radioactivity source, if known 5.
Incation, name, type of facility at which accident occurred 6.
Persons in charge of radiation evaluation 7.
Whether or not patients will.be:
s a.
Surveyed for contamination b.
Decontesinated before arrival at hospital 8.
Expected time of arrival at hospital B.
Deliver patient to emergency entrance. '
C.
Upon arrival at hospital, provide medical and. Radiation Control personnel with information on:
l 1.
Details about the accident
- 2..The radiation or radioactive sources involved 3.
Exposure estimates 4
Surveys made i
5.
Decontamination performed
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When the accident has occurred at a facility where radiation sources or radioactive materials are regularly used, the Radiation Safety Officer, the supervisor, co-workers, and the patient should be able to inform the hospital of the nature of the accident, type of radiation exposure or radioactive contamination involved, and possible body areas that may be affected.
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Instructions to Emergency Room Clark on receipt of notification of the somentary arrival of a case involving radiation exposure or contamination:
A.
While still in contact with the persos making the notification enter available data on a Radiation Emergency Notification form and then:
- ts g B.
Notify:
1.
Emergency Room physician and nurse 2.
The Hospital Administrator on call VAH Phone Home Phon _e 3.
Dr. J. Steinbach (Physician)
- 380, 632-1987 4
Dr. G. Donoghue (Physician) 381 689-9613 5.
Mr. W. Quain Olealth Physicist) 838-5250 627-3738 6
Miss J. Dud'ciewicz (Nuclear Medicine Technologist) 381 688-5605 9
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Instructions to Rescue Squad Ambulence-Rascue Squad personnel are usually the first persons of the medical team to see the case of radiation exposure or radioactiv,e con tamination.
Their first acts will vary in degree whether they evacuate the patient (s) from a nuclear-energy plant or from e university or medical group regularly working with nuclear material or from a road transporation accident. Trained, knowledgeable co-workers, supervisors or health physicists are usually on hand at the plant but.not at the road site.
When the accident has ocesarred at a plant, the health physicist, super-visor, co-workers and the patient (s) should be able to inform members of the rescue squad of the nature of the accident, number of patients, and type of p
radiation exposure or radioactive contamination involved and possible body areas that may.be affected. A gross measurement of the amount of radiation involved may be available; such information is most helpful.
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~ ' It 'is the responsibility of the Rescue Squad to:
For the patient:
1.
Give lifesaving emergency a.ssistance if needed 2
Secure pertinent information including rough measurement from those in attendance 3.
Determine if physical injury or open wound are involved. Cover wound with clean dressing; use elastic bandage to hold wound-cover in place; do not use adhesive 4
Cover stretcher, including pillow, with open blanket; wrap victim in blanket to limit spread of contamination 5.
Notify hospital by radio or telephone of available information yor Rescue Squad. personnel:
s 6
Perfotn survey of clothing, ambulance, etc., on arrival at hospital before undertaking further activity 7
n contiminated, discard clothing in container marked " Radioactive -
Do Not Discard." Cleanse self by washing and/or showering, as a ppropr iate.
8.
If in contaminated area, rescue squad personnel must be serveyed by radiation survey meter; measurements must be recorded.
Cleansing mus t continue until responsible physician indicates person rr.ay leave.
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d Ins tructions for Physician and Nurse in Charme of EmermencY Room
, A., Upon initial notification:,
1.
Make sure that as much data is available as possible (see page 5) 2.
Notify Radiation Emergene.y Team (see page 7) 3.
Prepare Emergency Room for receiving of contamination patients:
a.
Restrict Emergency Room area on17 to essential personne1 b.
Ddeignate transportation route and cover it with absorbent Paper O
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as la be adequate for stretcher cart, disposal hampers and
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working space for professional attendants
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Eseesency Room personne11should wear prutective cicthing and gloves 4
Obtain survey meters located in, Ibom 416A B.
Upon arrival of patient:
Assist the Radiation Control representatives in checking patient 1.
for contamination (preferable as stretcher is removed from the i
ambulance) by use of a sievey meter.
2.
If seriously injured, give emergency lifesaving assistance immediately.
O 3.
nandie -e-naced,atione and
.-d as one -utd in a sur t a1 procedures, i.e., gown, gloves, cap, mask, etc.
i 4
If possible external contamination is involved, save all clothing and bedding from ambulance.
If possible internal contamination or neutron exposure is involved save all blood, urine, stool, i
and vomitus.
If possible neutron exposure is involved, save l
'all metal objects (e.g., jewelry, belt buckles, dental plates,
.etc.).
Label with name, body location, time and date.
Save each in appropriate containers; mark containers clearly l
(Radio active - Do Not Discard).
i 5.
Decontamination should start, if medical status permits, with cleansing and scrubbing the area of highest contamination first.
If only an extremity is involved, the clothing may serve as an effective barrier and only the affected limb may need to be scrubbed and cleansed.
If the body as a whole is involved or if the clothing is generally permeated by contaminated material, I
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showering and scrubbing will be necessary. Give special attention to hair parts, body orifices and body folds.
Remeasure with a-survey, ins trument and record measurement after each washing or showering.
If wound is involved, prepare and cover the wound with a self-adhering disposable surgical drape. Cleanse neighboring surface of skin. Seal off cleansed areas with self-adhering disposable drapes.
Remove wound covering and irrigate wound with sterile water, catching the irrigating fluid in a basin or. can, mark and handle as described in 4 above. Each step in the decontanination should be preceded and followed by radiation monitoring and iecording of the location and extent of contamination.
6 Save the physicians', nurses' and attendants' scrub or protective O
t =*$== a ea cris 4 6 et ra 1 1 a a r
attendants amast follow the same monitoring and. decontamination
--. --.. routine as the patients.
7 The physician in attendance in the Emergency Room, if confronted with a grossly contaminated wound with dirt particles and crushed tissue, should be prepared to do a preliminary simple wet debride-ment. Further measurenants may necessitate sophisticated wound counting detection instruments supp1'isd by the radiation control consultant who will assist in determining if further definitive debridement is necessary.
I Patient should then C.
Upon concletion of EmerzenCY Room Procedures be handled according to the following guidelines:
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- k. Decontaminated and no injuries requiring hospitalization - discharge.
2.
Decontaminated and injured - adenit to a nursing flocr.
l 3.
Irradiated - admit to intensive care.
4 Serious radiation exposure, a erious internal contamination, and/or j
external and wound contaminat. fan not responsive to decontamination -
admit to nursing floor with special contamination control procedures.
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11 Instructions to Radiation Control Pttsonnel i
The Radiation Control officer on duty will be notified by the VA Hospital j
Emergency Room clerk of an impending admission of a radiation emergency case.
A.
Upon receivina initial notification :
1.
Obtain as much inforestion as possible from the Emergency Room about the nature of accident and the likelihood of contamination.
- ~.
2.
Notify additional Radiation Control personnel if the available information seems to warrant this.
3.
Pick up any additional supplies or instruments suggested necessary by the available information.
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eroceed to th. =mer.ener ason.
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P.
A the Emerzency Roon:
1.
Assist Emergency Room personnel in instituting contamination control procedures of the radiation emergency admission.
2.
Establish a checkpoint and monitoring station for entry and exit from 1
the contamination control area.
1 3.,
Survey patients and advise physician in charge on external radiation levels to personnel and on patient contamination.
4.
Survey personnel, equipment and facilities and designate those that aust be restrieted for decontamination.
l 5.
Supervise decontamination of personnel and f acilities and release Oy areas that are not contaminated.
y 6
Direct handling of radioactive waste.
7 Arrange for whole-body counting and radioassays of clothing, excreta, etc., as required.
i 8.
Other duties as dictated by responsibilities of the Radiation Control Office.
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-u-RADIATION EMEICENCY WOTIFICATION REPCRT To be used by EmerIency Room Clark to enter available data when a notification is received of the impending asbission of a casa involving radiation exposure or contamination.
A.
FERSON MAKING NOTIFICATION:
NAME DATI
~~.
TITIE AFFILIATION ADDRESS TELEPHONE B.
FAFIENTS TO BE ADMITTED total NtBSER -
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INJURY BUT NO INTERNAL EKTERNAL CONTAMIN-RADIATION OR RADIATION CONTAMIN-CONTAMIN-A16D CONTAMINATION EPDSURE,_,,frION ATION.
..DJUNDS 1.
3.
3.
4 5.
C.
WILL FATIENTS BE:
SURVEYED FOR CONTAMINATION 7 DECONTAMINATED 7 D.
NATURE OF ACCIDENT:
TYFE RADIATION SOURCE t
OTHER DETAIIS:
E.
PERSON IN CHAEE OF RADIATION EVAIDATION F.
EXPECTED TIME OF ARRIVAL AT BUFFAID VA HOSPITAL G.
NOTIFICATION TAKEN BY
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State University of New York at Buffalo Nuclear Science and Technology Facility 831 2826/831 3281 RADIATION MEDICAL EMERGENCY TAG Patients Name Estimated Radiation Exposure:
1)
X, Bets or Gamma REM 2)
Neutron REM 3)
Other (
)
REM TOTAL ESTIMATED EXPOSURE REM (aum of 1,2,3 above) s.
Was Patient checked for Removable Contaminationi
(
) yes
(
) no If yes, record contamination levels below:
LOCATION CONTAMINATION LEVEL (com)
O Survey performed by:
Time:
Date:
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EP #3 (formerly OP #53) 2/85 PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77)
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE High Level of Loose Radioactive Surface Contamination 1.
Introduction The purpose of this procedure is to describe personnel actions required during periods when high-level loose radioactive surface contamination is present or is suspected to be present.
Loose radioactive surface contamination'can be proven to exist in several C_)s ways; by known spills of radioactive materials; from results of con-tamination surveys; from evidence of personnel contamination; from airborne radioactivity surveys; etc.
When dialin[ with'ra'dioactive surface contamination, the item of utmost importance is to prevent the ingestion, inhalation, or absorption of radioactive materials. A secondary, but nonetheless important, considera-tion is to minimize spreading of the contamination.
The following procedure sets forth personnel actions required to confine the spread of loose radioactive surface contamination to the smallest possible area.
Radioactive contamination is generally not life-threatening.
Life-threatening hazards such as medical emergencies, gas leaks, fire, toxic gases, severe external radiation, etc., should be given top priority if coincident with high-level loose contamination.
In such situations, the procedures established herein may not be practicable, and deviation may be prudent.
II.
Known Spill of Radioactive Materials 1.
All personnel in the affected area shall stop work and restrict their movements in order to limit spread of the contaminant.
2.
Personnel outside but in proximity to the spill area shall be advised of the spill.
3.
If possible, confine the spilled material.
(For a liquid spill, absorb excess liquid with suitable absorbent.
For a dry spill, cover excess dry material with clean beaker, paper, etc.)
4.
If airborne contamination is suspected, all personnel shall vacate the area, and notify Health Physics.
j 5.
One individual shall proceed to the closest location where that individual is able to notify the Health Physics Department.
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EP #3 (2/85)
Page 2 6.
The individual indicated in step 5 shall remain at that location until monitored and consulted by the Health Physics Department.
7.
Health Physics will inform the Control Room (if manned), then proceed to the spill area to perform the following steps:
a)
Evaluate the possibility of airborne contamination.
b) Determine magnitude and extent of contaminated area by suitable methods.
c) Cordon off contaminated area.
d)
Prescribe necessary protective clothing for decontamination of area.
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e)
Evacuate personnel from contaminated area.
f) Direct decontamination of personnel _and. facilities.
g) Based on the results of surveys, allow unrestricted access to the affected area when appropriate.
III.
Loose Radioactive Surface Contamination Discovered by Health Physics Department Survey Results 1.
Instruct personnel in the affected area to stop work and to restrict their movements in order to limit spread of the contamination.
2., Inform personnel in the affected area and the Control Room.
3.
Verify that the contamination has not spread to other areas.
7-
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4.
Cordon off the affected area.
i S.
Direct the removal, survey, and decontamination of personnel within j
the affected area, using established radiation protection techniques.
6.
Prescribe required protective clothing for decontamination of area.
7.
Direct decontamination of affected area.
8.
Based on results of surveys, allow unrestricted access to the affected area when appropriate.
9.
When possible, interview all individuals in the Facility to determine if they have passed through the affected area.
Survey and decon-taminate, as appropriate.
. _ _. _ _ _. _ _ _ _ _ _ ~
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EP #3' (2/85 )
Page 3 IV.
Loose Radioactive Surface Contamination Discovered by Personnel Survey Results.
(Surveys conducted for personnel contamination; i.e.,
G.M. frisker survey).
1.
Immediately notify Health Physics via shortest possible route.
2.
Stay where you are.
3.
Health Physics will proceed to the contaminated individual (s) and perform the folicwing:
Direct individual to nearest area for decontamination, using a.
established radiation protection techniques.
b.
Direct decontamination of individual.
Interview individual to determine areas where the person encountered c.
.the conenmination.-
d.
Direct surveys of appropriate areas to determine extent of contamination. Proceed with Part II of this procedure as appropriate.
V.
Pocumentation of Incident The Operating Committee shall convene to review any incident described in this EP and determine preventative measures.
OPERATING COMMITTEE APPROVAL:
Administration om..
12 x aJ cp.r.c-bf Radiation Protection
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l EP #4 (formerly OP #54) 4/85 PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77) 1 EMERGENCY PROCEDURE Reactor Loss Of Coolant Accident
/
I.
Introduction i
A Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA) for the NSTF PULSTAR reactor poses potential hazards far less severe than those casociated with power
' reactors. Significant off-site hazard is not considered credible.
j Residual heat decay levels are insufficient to produce fuel melting.
(
Several accidents have been postulated which could lead to the loss of primary coolant from the reactor tank. The major accident scenarios 4
involve significant mechanical. shocks or stresses (such as dropping-l~~
' " ' ' ~ ' ~ heavy obj eEtsT ~to 'fhe in-tank coolint" pipes, ~ f uel~ assemblied", ~aWd core " ~ ~ ~
support structures. Many events which would compromise the primary coolant boundary could also' compromise fuel cladding integrity, thereby
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releasing into the reactor tank and into containment, gaseous and particulate radioactivity. The cogent personnel and environmental hazards, i
therefore, include high levels of " direct shine" and airborne radio-5 activity. Proper and prompt implementation of this procedure is necessary to limit radiation exposures to the staff and public, and releases of radioactive materials to the environment.
1 II.
Potential Leaks A.
Minor Leaks i
(:)
Minor leaks from the primary coolant system include:
j
- pool liner leaks.
- leakage past primary coolant return and outlet pipe penetrations.
l
- siphon leaks through pneumatic conveyor tubes, experiments, or i-other such tank penetra.'.ons.
- excessive leakage past the primary pump seals.
- leakage through the heat exchanger tubes.
- leakage from the cleanup domineralizer system.
- leakage through the minor pipe penetrations, such as for pressure
}
gauges or temperature sensors.
l
- leakage past isolation or bypass valve stems / packings.
Minor leaks such as the above do not pose a significant hazard, since j
they may be compensated for, using the routine pool water addition system, the emergency pool fill (EPF) system, or by other means.
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EP #4 (4/85)
Page 2 B.
Major Leaks A major leak could potentially uncover the reactor core.
Some major leaks are isolable.
This would include any leak in the primary coolant loop between the core outlet pool isolation valve and the' core return pool isolation valve. Non-isolable leaks would include:
- beam tube ruptures (cover plate removed).
- major leaks in the core outlet and return lines in-board of the pool isolation valves.
- major loss of pool liner integrity.
Beam tubes which are not in use are normally flooded, and sealed by O
a cover plate and gasket at the outer face of the biological shield.
Major leaks are therefore not anticipated from such beam tubes.
However, beam tubes which are in use, generally will contain
..,_. _.. ^ - _.
,11mators.. and wi.1Lhe ah.ielded_st the. outboard-cnd. - Major-leaker - -
col are therefore credible which could uncover the reactor core (to the level of the tube) in as little as ten minutes. The presence of collimators and shielding makes sealing off of the leak unlikely.
Flooding (via the EPF system) of the neutron deck will likely be necessary.
It will take approximately thirty hours to fill the vessel to a depth of three feet above the core. Once water levels exceed this depth, leakage outward through the ventilation ducts will occur, and reflood should be stopped.
Major non-isolable leaks in the coolant outlet or return pipes could occur via cracking or fracture of the pipe, flanges, or valve, or from compromise of the cover plate penetrations. Again, repair is unlikely, and flooding the neutron deck will be necessary.
Major leaks in the pool liner will also require flooding.
III.
Hazards Associated with LOCA A.
' Radiological Under normal conditions, primary coolant activities are quite low and not life threatening. Contamination and direct radiation levels associated with major leaks, or major leaks which have been isolated without severe reduction of the water level above the core, pose only a minor threat, and can be adequately addressed via routinely implemented methodologies.
If the core has been uncovered, severe direct radiation levels will be encountered. Dose rates at the top of the tank can be greater than 2 x 104 R/hr.
If the fuel cladding integrity has been compromised, airborne radio-activity levels in excess of MPC will likely occur. This would include gaseous and particulate radioactive materials.
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EP #4 (4/85)
Page 3 B.
Electrocution Any significant loss of coolant can potentially generate an electrocution hazard. If the reactor tank were to drain to core level onto the neutron deck, the level of water on the neutron deck would be about ten inches. As.more water is added via the EPF system, the AC power circuits will short out.
Similar hazards would exist with a major leak in the pump room.
IV.
Operator Response A.
Loss of Flow A loss of flow accident (without leakage) could be caused by failure of the primary pump, complete or partial loss of AC power,
. - cr-severe obstruction.c.f. coolant. hannc14 er the.prieary_circulatfor
..-m loop. Operator response to a loss of flow situation is:
1.
Back up the flow scram--take the key.
2.
Turn off the primary pump.
3.
Turn off the secondary pump.
4.
Turn off the demineralizer pump.
5.
Verify that the plenum flapper valve has opened.
6.
Verify that the rods are seated.
7.
Inspect the reactor core.
8.
Notify the shift supervisor or senior operator on call.
B.
Minor Leaks 1.
Notify shift supervisor or senior operator on call, and request j
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immediate instructions.
If possible, isolate the leak.
If necessary, add water to the pool.
2.
Notify the highest available Emergency Director candidate.
C.
Major Leak Which is Isolable
't.
Scram the reactor--take the key.
2.
Turn off the primary pump.
3.
Turn off the secondary pump.
4.
Turn off the demineralizer pump.
5.
Close pool isolation valves.
6.
Announce the situation over the P.A.
Evacuate unnecessary i
personnel, if appropriate.
7.
Survey radiation levels in proximity to the reactor pool.
8.
If aecessary, activate the EPF system. Do not allow the pool to overflow.
9.
Post-off the airlocks and/or the nachine room door, as appropriate.
10.
Notify the highest available Emergency Director candidate.
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i EP #4 (4/85 Page 4 D.
Major Leak Which is Non-Isolable 1.
Scram the reactor--take the key.
2.
Turn off the primary pump.
3.
Turn off the secondary pump.
4.
Turn off the demineralizer pump.
5.
6.
Initiate building evacuation.
7.
Open the EPF valve and leave containment.
8.
Close the N-deck trench drain valve.
9.
Close the remaining primary system isolation valves.
10.
Notify Public Safety, request all available personnel to respond n(_)
to the facility and stand-by.
11.
Survey evacuated personnel for contamination.
12.
Survey for gamma radiation at the air locks and outside the
---.. ---building. -Erect barricades and restrict access as necessary.
~~ ' ' '
Re-survey frequently.
13.
Notify the highest available Emergency Director candidate.
OPERATING COMMITTEE APPROVAL:
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EP #5 (formerly OP #55) 4/85 i
PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77)
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE Reactor Fuel Failure Accident; i
I.
Introduction Loss of fuel integrity,19 generally considered one of the most serious reactor accidents. Alth> ugh the probability of a major failure is
_/
extremely remote for our reactor, it is the one event that could affect personal health and safety beyond the facility boundary.
The con-
- -sequences of -such-a failure dre-highly-dependent ~on proper opsrator = ~
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response and the periozmance of engineered safety systems.
t It is therefore important that operators understand the mechanics of possible failure modes and their probable consequences. The following sections describe failure modes, consequences of failure, and appropriate operator responses.
s This procedure does not address the problems of finding the failed fuel, pool cleanup, etc.
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II.
Operator Responses A.
Small Leaks O
1.
If a leak is suspected on the basis of pool water analysis only, j
then the analysis should be repeated and the results presented
. to the Operating Committee.
Once a leak has definitely been established, the reactor must be shut down and the leaking pin found.
2.
Primary water monitor increase only.
The operator should inform j
his supervisor. The instrument channel should be tested for proper operation.
If the channel is operating properly, a water analysis should be performed.
3.
Increase in building air or pprticulate monitor only. Refer to OP #26B.
If no other cause for the increase is evident, l
perform a pool water analysis.
4.
Significant and simultaneous increases in primary water monitor and building air or particulate monitor.
Shut down the reactor.
Note monitor responses as a result of shutdown.
Notify the Operations Manager.
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EP #5 (4/85)
Page 2 B.
Major Leaks 1.
If there is a large and simultaneous increase in the primary water monitor and the building air monitor, especially if in conjunction with other indicators such as increases in N-16, bridge monitor, or knowledge of events--then the following steps should be taken:
a)
Scram the reactor.
b) Turn off the primary pump.
d)
Evacuate the containment.
e) Notify the members of the Operating Committee.
f) Secure cooling systems to the extent able from outside O
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- t-g) Commence personnel and area monitoring.
h) Do not re-enter containment without health physics supervision except for life-saving emergencies.
III.
Failure Modes Cladding integrity can be compromised by a number of conditions. They are listed below.
1.
Fabrication defects. This would include defective materials, poor velds, lax inspections, etc.
2.
Corrosion. Corrosion of the zircalloy could occur due to poor water chemistry or foreign material in the pool water.
3.
Forces generated in normal use.
This would include thermal and O
hydreu11c forces, as weit as preseere from fiesien gredect gesee.
4.
Transient forces. The forces in item 3 alone are increased drastically dtiring power transients such as occur as a result of prompt criticality.
5.
Clad melting due to loss of coolant.
This could result from foreign material blocking coolant flow channels.
6.
Heavy object falling on core.
A large cask or experimental facility dropped on the core could cause clad failure.
7.
Sabotage.
Intentional damage must be considered.
The following information explains why each type of failure is unlikely, and what has been done to reduce that probability.
1.
Our fuel was made by an experienced fabricator. They employed elaborate quality controls and testing methods, audited by NSTF.
Tubing was ultrasonically tested; welds were sampled and destructively tested; all finished pins were helium leak tested.
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O EP #5 (4/85)
Page 3 2.
Zircalloy is highly corrosion resistant.
It is used in power reactor fuel subject to a much harsher environment than ours.
Inspection of our fuel at 15,000 Mw days /tonn burnup revealed no signs of corrosion. Our technical specifications impose strict limits on water chemistry.
3.
Power reactors subject similar fuels to temperatures, pressures, and burn-ups many times more severe than we encounter.
4.
Our pulsing experience has demonstrated that our fuel will withstand severe transients without damage.
Step insertions of 2% AK/K (3 x 8) were experienced without fuel failure. Pulses of 1.5% AK/K and 2,000 Mw peak power were routinely conducted.
It should be noted that pulsing fragments the UO2 Pellets.
Small j
fuel fragments would be more easily dispersed in a gross failure i
accident and would release more fission product gases.
5.
Loss of flow resulting in melting is very unlikely. An object would have to block nearly all inlet holes in a single fuel assembly.
Doppler and boiling voids in that region would decrease power density.
That, combined with the high melting point of zircalloy (3,365'F.)
would make melting unlikely.
l l
An early natural convection experiment demonstrated that nucleate boiling in the core does not damage the fuel, and does cause power instability that would be recognized by the operator.
l 6.
Heavy objects are prevented from falling on the core by administrative l
control.
Large casks that were once loaded in the pool are now loaded by dry transfer methods. This is due to a formal policy change.
Few, if any, other objects moved in the pool have sufficient mass to jeopardize the fuel.
7.
Sabotage, if well executed, could result in the worst possible release of fission products.
Such an act would require some knowledge of the facility. Our defense against such an act is a security system that is significantly more sophisticated than is required.
The " water logging" mode of pin failure should be understood by operators.
It was once a concern when *julsing was a normal mode of operation.
In steady state mode, it could happen only under a very narrow set of conditions, if at all.
Assume that a very small leak develops in a fuel pin, and water enters the pin during a shutdown such as a weekend. When the reactor is brought to full l
power, the water in the pin could possibly be turned to steam.
If the steam
(
or water could not escape through the leak fast enough, pressure could build up and rupture the pin.
Since the presence of water in the pin would greatly enhance heat transfer from the UO2 to cladding, and the leak size would have to be just right, this scenario is highly improbable.
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EP #5 (4/85)
Page 4 IV.
Consequences Of A Fuel Leak A.
Released Isotopes There is obviously a large inventory of fission produr:ta in our used fuel. There is, however, no postulated accident that would melt the UO2 (melting point is 4,5300 F).
Therefore, even during a loss of clad accident, the vast majority of fission products would remain bound up in the solid pellets, including the gases. The only l
isotopes of concern, then, are those that have a chance of escaping the fuel surface and escaping from the pool. This reduces to the noble gases krypton and xenon, and the halogens bromine and iodine.
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The noble gases are free to escape the pool. However, their impact
{
is limited by the fact that their half-lives are mostly short and l
thus a small inventory; their radiations are low energy, and they are J
i not retained in the body.
l Bromine and iodine are solids at room temperature, but are volatized at moderately elevated temperatures.
Both are very soluble in water, chemically reactive, and condense readily on any cool surface.
In our reactor, it is not likely that the halogens would escape the pool unless very violent boiling occurred with no flow, a chemical explosion (sabotage) occurred, or there was somehow simultaneous loss of fuel integrity and gross loss of pool water.
B.
Detection Methods Cladding failure would become evident in a number of different ways,
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depending on the size of the leak.
A very small leak might show up as an increase above normal in the building air monitor or building particulate monitor (Cs-138).
Small leaks that allowed leaching of fission products into the water would show up in the weekly gross beta count or the quarterly spectral analysis of pool water.
Larger leaks would cause an increase above normal on the primary water monitor, as well as the above-mentioned indicators.
Leaks large enough to allow fuel particles to enter the coolant stream would cause an increase in the N-16 channel signal and possibly on the bridge monitor.
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EP #5 (4/85)
Page 5 React.r Fuel Failure Accident i
OPERATING COMMITTEE APPROVAL:
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EP #6 (formerly OP #56) 2/85 4
PULSTAR REACTOR (R-77)
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE
, Fire in the Facility I.
Introduction The purpose of this Emergency Procedure is to describe the fire-fighting devices and alarm mechanisms in use in this Facility, and how to use them effectively.
II.
Reporting of Fires
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An employee who spots a fire in the area must decide quickly what action to take.
This can be influenced by:
1.
The size of the fire. A small fire which can be controlled quickly with an appropriate extinguisher, should be fought by the employee.
2.
The availability of an appropriate extinguisher in the immediate area.
3.
Origin of the fire. A fire involving radioactive materials means air-borne radioactivity, which is a serious hazard and calls for evacuation and help immediately.
If either of the first two conditions do not prevail, and/or the fire involves radioactive materials, the nearest alarm box should.be pulled, and.the area evacuated.
If in doubt, turn in an alarm.
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III.
Location of Alarm Boxes Fire alarm boxes are painted red, and are located throughout the Facility.
The following is a list of alarm box locations:
Control Room (behind console).
Control Deck (near airlock).
Gamma Deck (near airlock).
Neutron Deck (at base of stairs).
Office Wing Lower Hall (near machine shop).
Office Wing Upper Hall (near conference room).
Fan Room (basement).
General Building Evacuation (in electrical equipment roon).
Outside, on side of office wing (this alarm will call the Fire Department, but will not alarm in the building.)
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EP #6 (2/85)
Page 2 To sound the fire alarm, simply pull down the lever.
Some areas of the Facility are protected by ceiling-mounted flash fire sensors. These devices are located in Rooms 114, 118, and labs 215, 213, 103, 104, and 108.
They trip the nearest alarm box to their location.
IV.
Types of Extinguishers Throughout the Facility, fire extinguishers are disbursed.
The locations are shown on Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The extinguishers are mounted conspicuously, and contein full and clear instructions on their use.
The University Environmental Health and Safety Department routinely checks each unit to ensure its reliability.
()
V.
Response To A Fire Alarm When a fire alarm box is pulled, the Buffalo Fire Department and University Public Safety Department will automatically respond. Once set in motion, their people will risk their lives to respond as quickly as possible. Do not use the fire alarm as a substitute for the building evacuation alarm.
The fire klaxons will sound for three minutes and then automatically turn off.
In response to the fire klaxon, leave the building immediately.
Be sure to close windows, hang up phones, turn off room fans, turn off all electrical an] gas appliances. Leave the lights on.
Close doors on your way out.
The preferred route is via the front door, but if this exit is blocked, leave using any available exit. The control room operator should not scram the Pratt dampers.
The first person to reach the reception area should account for people
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leaving the building.
In most cases, the receptionist on duty will perform N/
this task.
Please remember to push your name out on the IN-0UT board.
Do.not leave the area, but go to the Howe Research Building.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke until you have been monitored for contamination.
Be sure to avoid areas downwind of the fire.
The senior staff member present should address the following items:
1.
Make sure that all the people that were in the building are accounted for.
Do not relee,se excess (non-essential) staff until they are cleared by Radiation Protection or Health Physics.
2.
Alert senior staff not on site when time permits.
3.
Arrange for escort of firemen into controlled areas when they arrive.
NSTF staff responsibility is to provide health physics coverage. Air packs and monitoring instruments are kept with the emergency kits in Howe.
The Fire Department will not enter controlled areas unescorted
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unless it is a lifesaving operation. The units most likely to respond
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have some health physics training.
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EP #6 (2/85)
Page 3 4.
Issue dosimeters, and record the firefighters' names, if possible.
5.
Use Public Safety to keep the public away from the area as much as possible.
i 6.
After the situation is secured, do not release the firefighters or any of their equipment until checked and approved by Radiation Protection or Health Physics.
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CO B-C 5#
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Near air lock (control deck)
CO B-C Sd' Outside Elect ronic Shop 2
Dry Powder A-B-C 5.5#
Near air lock (gamma deck) i C0 B-C 5#
NEN office (gamma deck) t O 2
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Outside A.A. Lab (gamma deck) 2 CO B-C 15#
Base of stairs (neut ron deck) 2 1
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Under Hot Chem Lab (neutron deck) 2 CO B-C 15#
Inside airlock (gamma deck) 2 CO B.C 5#
Opp. Machine Shop (lower hall) 1, 2
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Fan room (basement) 2 Dry Powder A-B-C 10#
Opp. Rest Rooms (upper hall)
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CO B-C 5#
Trailer (inside door) 2 Halon ABC 9f control Room Halon ABC 9#
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C Vt' NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECilNoLOGY FACILITY July 12, 1985 Director of Nuclear Materials Safety and Safeguards U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D. C.
20555
Dear Sir:
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<Og Renewal of License No. SNM-273 Docket 70-267 Our license SNM-273 is due to expire on October 31, 1985. We intend to renew this license.
Do you require a complete new application, or would a revision of the last application be sufficient? Also, are there any reg-guides pertaining to this topic that would be useful to our renewal effort?
Very truly yours, g
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RECElVED '
Alexander Adams, Jr.
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ROTARY RO AD, BUFFAl.0, NEW YORK 14214 TEL.(716)831-2826 (FORMERLY WESTERN NEW YORK NUCLEAR RESEARCil CENTER. INC.)
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BETWEEN: William O. Miller, Chief License Fee Management Branch Office of Administration Regional License Section Material Licensing Branch FCMS, Office of Nuclear Material Safety & Safeguards LICENSE FEE ISMITTAL A.
REGION 1.
APPLICATION ATTACHED k, NAu ) -
Applicant / Licensee:
za)U4 Application Dated:
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Control No.:
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FEE ATTACHED Amount:
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_ COMMENTS 1
Signed Date B.
LICENSE FEE MANAGEMENT BRANCH 1.
Fee Category and Amount:
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Correct Fee Paid. Application may be processed for:
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