ML20128Q969

Requests Review & Rept on Problems Stated in Encl P Tyson

ML20128Q969
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Site:	Shoreham File:Long Island Lighting Company icon.png
Issue date:	04/15/1985
From:	Warner J SENATE
To:	Kammerer C NRC OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL AFFAIRS (OCA)
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NUDOCS 8506040361
Download: ML20128Q969 (12)

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9JCnifeb Siafes Senafe WASHINGTON, D.C.

20510 April 15, 1985 1

-Mr. Carlton Kammerer Director Office of Congressional Affairs Nuclear Regulatory Commission 1717 H Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C.

20555

Dear Mr. Kammerer:

I am writing to bring to your attention the enclosed comments from my constituent, Ms. Phyllis Tyson.

I would appreciate your reviewing this correspondence and preparing a report on the stated problems.

Please send your reply in duplicate to my state office:

Senator John W. Warner 1100 East Main Street Richmond, Virginia 23219 My constituent and I appreciate your assistance in this matter.

I am grateful for all you can do to resolve this matter within the existing laws, rules and regulations of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Thank you for your time and courtesy.

With best wishes, Sincerely, John W. Warner JWW/jah Enclosure 8506040361 850528 PDR ADOCK 05000322 H-PDR

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85 Campbell, Apt. C-3 4pg 1 Qgg Ha rri s onbu rg, VA 22801 Ma rch 25, 1985

- Sena t or J ohn W. Warner Russell Sena t e Of fice Building Washington, D.C.

20510

' Dea r Senator Warner:

Yesterday (Sunday, March 24, 1985) I watched tele-vision f or qui te some t ime and at the end of day I realized it was no " ordinary" Sunday. I am very troubled over the report 60 Minut es gave to the U.S. citizens concerning the New York Stat e nuclear plant - which took 15 years t o "d ev e l op " a t billions of dollars and is full of mistakes and errors in const ruct ion - thus causing EXTREME DANGER to the whole state and the HUMAN LIFE involved in t hat a rea.

From.what I gather, absolutely NO ONE can visit to inspect this " Government Nucl ea r Plant " - absolutely no one. Also, the Unions involved were full of drug addicts, corruption in using inf erior metals to const ruct this nuclear plant, and even the cont ract ors were " paid off".

Al so, whenever "anyone wan t ed t o repo rt this inf erior const ruct ion - THEY WERE ELIMINATED or FIRED from the job.

Thus, I would take-it - the whole nuclear plant is like a dynamite keg waiting to explode when in u se.

Whenever a person u sing DRUGS IS INVOLVED in any project whatsoever, you will know for positive that negative brain cell s are at work: they are aimed and designed to DESTROY. It is senseless to bring this to the President 's attention: he is so involved in " making f ri ends wi th Unions,

no matter what'their 'inside motives' might be" he would simply by-pass this request as coming f rom "an anxious woman". There is just as much danger from such an attitude as there is in the actual partaking of const ruct ion u sing in f eri or mat erial s.

I would like a full inves t igat ion made o f thi s particular incident and a Bill passed concerning the NON-USE of Unions in any construction done by our Government. Also, I would like those fired f rom this j ob because they "used caring eyes" to see such mismanagement and gross negligence REHIRED WITH POSITIONS TO OPERATE THIS PLANT IF AND WHEN IT IS OPERABLE.

During one of Dr. Kennedy 's sermon s on Sunday he ment ioned another such " incident " in const ruct ion work: I believe it was a school building where the construction of

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Sena t or J ohn Warner March 25, 1985 f aulty gas pipes (allowing leaks) were placed underground, and then when the. building was full (this was somewhere out West in a recent accident) over 400 children and teachers, etc. LOST THEIR LIVES. One of the women a f t e rward said t o a _ report er that she " knew this would happen since her husband had known about the faulty construction work" and KEPT SILENT ABOUT IT.

These people are MURDERERS - there are more silent murderers in this count ry and abroad than you would ever i ma g i n e. I would like laws ini tiated to reflect this -

committees set up to inspect ANY AND ALL COMPLAINTS a5out f aul ty const ruction and full p rot ect ion to those who do (with a Christ ian heart ) compl a in ab ou t it.

Let me hear from you please, on these subj ect s.

f I am enclosing a copy of this let t er to The Church. No doubt,

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they will "have a HAND in 'the rebuilding of character so that by the year 2000 we have no more of this "mu rd e r t h rough negligence".

I enclose an art icle which may be of benefit to you during your role as Senator f or our count ry.

. Sincerely,

/[g/A5e Phyllis Tyson ENCLOSURE cc: The Church J

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3 t's his Kukulcsn, aka Quetzalc6atl, the feathered ser-5 pent, was the hero-god of the Maya, and almost 1,000

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years ago they built this temple dedicated to him at Chi-

@lO c' hen Itzd in Yucatsn. It is so cunningly designed that twice a year-at the spring and autumnal equinoxes-the late al-ggg g

g ternoon smi picks up the edges of the terraces and turns the temple s north staircase into a vision of a writhing f

snake.

8Y PIERCE G. FREDERICKS The calculations necessary to bring this about would be complex under any circumstances, but become astonish-ing when you learn that the Maya had to pinpoint the equi-noxes with two calendars, neither of them accurate. The more modern had a 365-day year but no allowance for the In the color print, the snake extra quarter of a day we pick up with leap year. Over cen-is, indeed, perfect 1y out1ined tunes, why didn't the appearance of the serpent drift away wh e r e indicated.

from the equinoxes? In fact, the Maya knew about the quarter day and built with it in mind, but they didn't want it A cha11enge indeed!

in their calendars because it disrupted the way the two

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t meshed for religious observances.

The Maya were obsessed with time, scarcely surprising $

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among a people w ho beheved the universe had been born )

and destroyed four times. To find out why our universe i

only has until the year 201 i and how to do addition Maya-k style, turn to page 87.

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Guillen: He has long had an interest in the asytrimetrical aspects of the universe.

The universe began in chaos.Then the tug of gravity arranged galaxies into high!y ordered geometric patterns. Figuring out how it happened is a thorny rnathematica!

problem; to tackle it, mathematical physi-eist Michael Guillen adapted kinetic the-ory, usually used to descnbe the motion of molecules. "I treated galaxies as if they were molecules," he says, "and the uni-verse as a vessel." The results, he was sur-prised to note, turned out to be in very close agreement with the observational data.

Llut research is only one part of Guil-len's life. He teaches physics and math at liarvard, and he successfully popularizes mathematics in as many ways as he can, seeing it as an extension of his teaching d

commitment. liis recent book, Bridges to r

hi/inity, was excerpted in our August 1984 issue. Ile regularly appears on television s

as science contnbuting editor for CBS J

Mordng News. And he's at work on his secorat' book, which will accompany a l' tis series on mathematics this spnng. If that's not enough, he's a member of a Na-tumal Acadenny of Sciences panel on math and wience education, wtuch is due to release reconunendations this spring on the direcnon education should take over the next 10 years.

In this issue, Guillen takes on the per-petually intriguing subject of antimatter.

Ifis article begms on page 32.

8 SCifNCE OfGESTMEfiRUAW PMS

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6<7 mt..A,'f BY MICHAEL GUILLEN n L /4 nE n.,7d z.+7 seehng universal symmetry.

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they haven.t. Could this mean the

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Whoever thinks a ever, sought all along to preserve the immediately after the By Bang. says one

/au///ess piece to see, perfect symmetry of his theories and

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thereby to predict the existence of an been led to anticipa:e by Dirac's pre-

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-Alexander Pope entirely novel species of matter. It has diction: It looks to be made up mostly 1

3 come to be called antimatter, because of matter, with just a sprinkling of anti-I in some sense it is the mirror image, matter. For the artist, this reality might I The Italian Renaissance master Leonardo da Vinci, like most the photographer's negative-in make the universe all the more a per-i j

great painters, did not strive to short, the perfectiv symmetrical coun-fect masterpiece, but for the scientist, 2

j incorporate perfect symmetry terpart-of ordmary matter. Particles it merely means the universe is all the :

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j into his work, believing that to do so of antimatter have been observed and more flawed.

was unimaginative and liable to pro-studied extensively in atom smashers For the scientist, symmetry makes 8

duce a dull, static looking painting.

worldwide, but antimatter in bulk for perfection, because for every way 1he Bntish Nobel laureate Paul A. M.

form has yet to be discovered any-in which the universe is symmetrical, i Dirac,like most great scientists, how-where in the cosmos. It would appear there is a fundamental law that is j as though the universe is not perfectly obeyed, and the collection of such J

Afichoc/ Cut!/en is /ratum/ in Contnhutors.

symmetrical in the way scientists had laws is what accounts for the rational ;

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33 E

ANTIMATTER i

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THE CASE OFMIND OVER ANTIMATTER I

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a Paul Dirac (row 2, fifth from left) attended an International conference on physics in 1921, along wtth Max Planck (row 1, second i

from left Madame Curie (row 1, third from left), Albert Einstein (row 1, fifth from leftj and Niels Bohr (row 2, far right),

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Ithough they had known since the creasing attention was being given to the anything, such an expurgation would late 1600s what basic rules nature fact that the various newly wrought theo-probably have enhanced, in some peo-j l

follows on a human scale, physi-ries did not fully square with one anoth-ple's estimation, the credibility of Dirac's cists in the year 1900 had yet to sort er. In particular, quantum mechanics handiwork.

things out at the atomic level. Becoming was putatively a theory about how at-In fact, Dirac decided to retain the increasingly impatient, even desperate, oms behave, and yet it was based on concept of negative energy and to figure j

some of them, including Germany's Max laws of motion that had recently been out how it might manifest itself in the j

Planck, sought a breakthrough at any superseded by Einstein's theory of spe-real world. Remarkably, his main reason j

cost. "By nature I am peacefully inclined cial relativity.

for the decision was one we would nor-j j

and reject all doubtful adventures," he Dirac applied himself single-mindedly mally associate with an artist rather than recalled later on, but at the time "I was to this problem and after several years, a scientist. "He whole beauty of the

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j ready to sacnfice esery one of my prevL in 1928, was the first to bring quantum mathematics would have been spoiled i

ous convictions about physical laws."

mechanics into conformity with relativity

[otherwise]." he told me at his eightieth I

He decades that followed were revo-theory. Ihs achievement not only found-birthday celebration. Besides, he re-lutionary, giving birth not only to the the-ed the subject of relativistic quantum called, "it wasn't very difficult to give l

ories that constitute modern physics but mechanics, the basis of today's science these negative energy states physical also to a generation of physicists whose of atomic behavior, but it also implied meaning once you faced the problem."

i minds cultivated ideas that in more set-that, contrary to common sense, it was A subatomic particle with negative tied times would surely have been dis-possible for subatomic particles to have energy, he demonstrated mathematically, paraged as nothing more than wdd eyed less than no energy at all.

could be thought of as being a kind of

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! speculation Throughout the history of science, it

" anti-subatomic" particle with positive l

Preeminent among those " children of had been taken for granted that energy, energy. It was a little like observing that j

% the revolution" was the late Untish No-like chronological age, was in the main an ordinary black-and white photograph J

f bellaureate in physics Paul Adnen Mau-a posititc quantity. It had seemed as un-with its shading reversed would k>ok the g nce Dirac. Bom in 1902, Dirac grew up scientific to suppose that an object could same as an ordinary photographic nega-f dunng the very years that Planck, On.

exist that had negative energy as it tive with its shading left alone.

stein and others were fashionmg the the-would have been to claim that the it took only four years for experi-

ories of relativity and quantum mechan-universe existed before it came into ments to confirm Dirac's brazen predic-

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E ics. By the time Dirac Imished graduate existence.

tion and to retire a question that a col-school, the revolution was nearly com-Given this, Dirac could simply have league-another child of the revolu-i

plete, but not quite

It remained for Dirac excluded as unreakstic the negatne en-tion-is said to have posed one after-I i to provide the hnale with a revelation so ergy possibihty raised by his theory. To noon after listening to the radical idea.

bizarre that to this day it remains the base done so would not have discredit-

"We are agreed that your idea is crazy,'l k stuff of science hetion.

ed his relativistic quantum mechanics he told Dirac. "What divides us is wheth-i

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Dirac entered the picture as a soung any more than Webster discredits its dic-er it is crazy enough to be true."

e I physicist in the mid 1920s, when in-tionary by excluding nonsense words If

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cles-including the proton, neutron solar system, the galaxy and 'ae.

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and electron-spin like rifle bullets in yond-have invariably ended WP.a the flight. For years, physicists' theories same conclusion: The universe is La-predicted that within the total cosmic grantly anti-antimaterial.

population of each such particle, For starters,the Earthis rser con there is an equal number of right-spicuously anti-antimateria., these be-handed (clockwise) and left-handed ing every indication that it is made Every second, millions (counterclockwise) spinners and that purely of ordinary matter. It is known of hiah-sneed nrotons both behave identically in nuclear re-from laboratory experiments that a a

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actions. Then, in 1957, it was discov-particle of ordinary matter and its cor-arrive on Earth from ered that the universe is not even-responding antiparticle wiii compiete-thousands of trillions handed: The radioactive decays of ly annihilate each other upon contact, i polarized cobalt-60 nuclel release creating a sunburst of pure energy in j

of miles away. For more ielt. handed spinning electrons the process. (This remarkable 1004 20 years, scientists than right-handed spinning ones. By percent conversion of mass to energy now, we are aware of many other in-compares with the 25 percent that is have monitored these stances of the universe's right left accomplished in a conventional nu-Cosmic rays, and the asymmetry; the helical molecules of clear explosion and to the mere 7 per-evidence is that not most life forms, for instance, are large-cent that occurs in chemical combus-ly right-handed corkscrews.

tion, such as the buming of coal, oil, one started itsjourney Of course,it haslong been realized wood or other ordinary fuels. For this as an an[jnartiCie-that the universe is asymmetrical reason, rocket ships in science fiction, r'

whenit comes to time:Ce tain natural such as the U.S.S. Enterprise in Star processes, such as human life, always Trek, are often described as being g i evolve from_the preseyt, to_the future powered by a mixture of matter and y: and never from the present to the antimatter.) lf there were any antimat-pay. But physicTsFs ilways e. din-ter mixed into the Earth, therefore, its i

order in nature. For instance, the unia tamed a belief that this prticolar f.aw presence would be clearly signaled by verse is spatially symmetrical; on the in the universe's symmetry m con-the bright light caused by annihilation whole,it appears tolook the same no lined to macroscopic processes and with matter.

matter in which direction you turn not evident in the microscopic pro-your gaze.

cesses of the subnuclear realm. In that ithin the solar system, our Ris means that natural processes, realm, physicists believed, things various space probes have such as the gravitational interaction were safely removed from the asym-demonstrated that at least between two masses, proceed with-metrical effects of aging and evolu-the moon, Mars and Venus out regard to their orientation in tion. Of that belief, too, they were dis-are not made of antimatter;if they space. Were the universe not spatially abused, however,when in 1964 it was were, the probes would have dis.ap-symmetrical, the Earth's orbit around discovered that certain nuclear reac-peared in a blir.. ling explosion when the sun, for instance, would keep tions involving a particle called the K-they touched down. In fact,though we changing shape as the solar system meson proceed preferentially in one could never tell by just looking (mg-rotates around the Milky Way; this direction of time.

ter and antimatter appear the $_qm,e would disrupt the regular succession By contrast, the thesis that the uni-from a estance), we can be quite cer-of seasons here on Earth and perhaps verse is materially asymmetrical-tain that neidief the sun nor any of the even lead to extreme weather condi-preferentially composed of matter-planetsin the solar system is made of tions inhospitable to human life. It fol-has yet to be confinned by any single antimatter. De sun showers all nine lows that a universe that is asymmetri-piece of evidence that is as clear-cut planets, from Mercury to Pluto, wi.h a $

cal in every way is an irregular, rather and decisive as a cobalt-60 or K me-perpetual solar wind of ionized mr.t. y chaotic universe, but one that is sym-son experiment. And it is true, more-ter, were the sun made of antimatter, ?

conspicuous glow when it enctsu its wind would be annihilated wi'h a metr /calin every way is highly or-over, that in the 53 years following the dered, predictable and, for physicists first successful observation in 1932 of at least, the picture of perfection-Dirac's predicted anticlectron, or posi-tered the Earth. This not being the l paradise.

tron, physicists have observed in the case, the sun must be, like the Earth, ;

The actual universe, it tums out, is debris cf countless hightnergy sub-made of ordinary matter. And like ;

anything but a scientist's paradise.

nuclear collisions that each and every wise, since none of the planets is i The realization that it is materially known kind of elementary particle awash with the glow of matter anti j asymmetrical is but the latest in a re-has a corresponding antiparticle. The matter annihilations either, it follows j cent succession of similar realizations proton has its antiproton, the neutron that the whole solar system is made of.

From just beyond the Milky Way about the universe's other, numerous its antineutron, and so forth. Nonethe-ordinary matter.

flaws. Just 40 years ago, for instance, less, many far ranging field experi-it was known that many nuclear parti-ments-encompassing the Earth, the galaxy, cosmic rays have brought us a f

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q ANTIMATTER antimatter. ludgmg imm the small another-hke shrapnel immediatelv j along with their correspondmg anti-quantity of anmhilation. associated following an explosion-nen as the 1 partu les.

hght that such clusters e' nit phy su al boundarv of the uiuserse it-Correspondmg kmds of antiparti-All m all. this imphes : hat no more I self is receding. thereby creatmg em l cles. that is. iot corresponding num-than one in 1.000 or one m 10.000 more spate mto wluch the galaxies I bers To rount for the matenal stars in the universe mav be made of can e s nand isymmtv of today's umverse. it has antimatter Considering that normal l Leen ne( essars to' presume that the stars are separated ta ill aserage ()f he rmulel stiptilates that befi>re l uiliserse was materially asynimetri-30 tnlhon miles it work; out that the ;

the Big Bang sent it fiving in ah l cal. flawed. f rom the very beginnmg.

nearest antistar would he no (loser directions. the matenal of the ' Atcordmg to the standard Big Bang than 600 tnlhon miles awas Now.

universe existed all m one. model IIe Ongmal Flaw. as it were.

while it has not been in their hearts to plat e. a quivenng pomi-mass of inli- { was rather subtle imme<hately follow-fully acknowledge the cosimc flaw re-i nite!! high density and temperature. ' mg the Big Bang, it amounted to there sealed by these astrophysn al obser-just waiting to explode Under tnese, bemy lo hilhon and one protons for valions. physicists foi some years stressful conditions, the matenal ex-l every 10 bilhon antiprotons base had httle ( hon e hut to incorpo-isted in its most elementart edivi ;

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dozen kinds of elementarv particles. I a,N]',"nd NantimNr c sarious frequencies and s<.ne half a, f that happened 10 bdlion vears agii rpart.

Galaxies are movmg away from one positron, which sped counterclockwtse.

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A Mi m TT M OUTWARD' 1

ne and the same force-one so exceed-ingly formidable that it is able to convert matter mto antimatter and vice versa, yet l

Continued / rom page37 one whose overall ef fect, it so happens, is i

one another. Today, pretty much all that's slightly different on matter than it is on left of the original population of protons antimatter, and antiprotons is the excess number of This asymmetry, this imperfection in j

protons-literally, the universe we now the nature of the unified force, many astro-see is made up of leftovers!

physicists now believe, engineered the Although the standard Big Bang model Original Flaw, the original one part in 10 i

is able to account this easily for the uni-bilhon excess of matter over antimatter. In verse's material asymmetry, it has never the beginning, they imagine, the universe j

l been able to explain with similar ease the had precisely equal quantities of matter cause of the Original Flaw. What manner and antimatter; it was, in this respect, a i

of imperfection or imbalance in the em-physicist's paradise. Under the symmetry-bryonic universe could possibly have corrupting influence of the unified force, t

been instrumental in bringing into exis-however, slightly more of the antimatter I

tence one extra proton for every 10 billion was converted into matter than was con-perfectly matched proton-antiproton verted back again into antimatter. In this twins?

fashion the universe acquired its Original Possible answers to this puzzling ques {

Flaw, calculations indicate, wi'hin the first tion have been forthcoming throughout < 0.0000000000000000000000 l

the past 15 years, but one of the most ele-0 0 00 0 0 00 00 00 0 I second.So short a gant of them has only recently tumed up time is this in which paradise was lost that, in the widely publicized Grand Unificatio by comparison, biting into an apple, say, Theories (GlRs) of particle physicists. For lasts an etemity.

\\

decades, physicists have noticed that only For many astrophysicists, this particu-l four kinds of forces do all the pulling and lar explanation of the Original Flaw is ap-l pealing insofar as it satisfies their prefer.

EXPAND YOUR ence for a universe that was initially perfectly symmetrical, even if only fleet-LEVEL OF i-ingly and somewhat ambiguously so (giv.

C NSClOUSNESS The universe acquired en the asymmetrical nature of the unified force).However,if and when this explana-our consciousness has no limits-if g g9jggl gg, tion ever does become a permanent fea-Yyou iei it,ise above iis preseni bonds.

l I

CalCUlallOns IndiCale, ture of the standard Big Bang model of the Inspiration and Intuition, are not just universe, it will only be af ter the Grand haphazard events. You are an infinite within the first Unification Theories themselves are sub-part of the Universal Cosmic Intelli-ence. You can draw, at will, upon this 10-36 seCond of time.

stantiated by considerably more evidence.

fnienigence fo, seem,ngiy m,racuious in,n, mean,ime,,cien,is,, oesi,oo,,,

a universe that is perfectly symmetrical results. This Cosmic Intelligence flows j

through you. It is the very vital force of might do well to consider the centuries.

old gate that stands in the Japanese city of h

n e rn to h for pushing in nature. Two ol them-the grav-Neiko. It is perfectly symmetrical except bigher level of your consciousness and itational and electrical-call the shots in for one almost insignificant detail: A small avail yourself of its intuitive enlighten-most processes that range from the atom-figure on the gate's left pillar is carved up-ment.

ic on up to the astronomical realm. The side down on its corresponding right pil Th' FW B00k B

other two-the weak and the strong lat. With this asymmetry, the gate's arti-

• '***"""d'"'-

T"They are made by the Rosicrucian forces-hold sway over most processes sans believed, their work would not evoke from the subnuclear realm on down. Hav-the jealousy of the gods _

ing leamed on other occasions that things Order (not a religion), a worldwide cul-can behave very differently and, noneth'e-Artistry of Asymmetry tural orgamzation. For centuries,it has less, be fundamentally the same (the Apparently, in all the years it has stood,

, 'n me an wo e et ec chemical elements, for example, which the gate has not attracted the envy of any-pon below for a /ree copy of the book, are all one thing-atoms), physicists have one except, perhaps, other artists. By The Mastery of Life, it tells how you may wondered whether the four forces are but many, it is regarded as the most beautiful learn to derive the utmost from your self-four varieties of a single for c.

gate in Japan. For if the asymmetry has de-and life.

The GlHs are an important theoretical tracted from the gate's scientific perfec-pg3 development in this matter, in that they tion, it has not detracted, and has even en-e go,ic,,c,an order, AMoRc l

depict the electrical, weak and strong hanced in some ways, its stature as a work l Rosgrucian Park g

forces as members of a single family (for of art. And so it is with the cosmos. If God j san lose, cahtorma 95191, u.s.A.

reasons ill understood, the gravitational designed the universe, then more than His a cenilemen:

e force does not fit the family mold). Under humility is represented in its material l xindly send rne a tree copy of the uasacry of l j tde. I am sincerely inter sted.

normal conditions, like those that prevail asymmetry-so is His artistry.

m in today's universe, the member forces act e

individualistically and are perceivable as

!g3yg For Further Reading ADDRESS three distinct forces. However, under con.

e ditions as severe as those imputed to the The Atoment o/ Creation, embryonic universe by the standard Big by James S. Trefil Scribner's,1983.

1, Bang model, the family members pull to.

The forces o/ Nature, by P.C.W. Davies.

gether, as it were, and behave as a single, Cambridge University Press,1979.

unified unit. Under these conddions, the The first Three Afinutes, electrical, weak and strong forces become by Steven Weinberg. Basic Books,1977.

L