ML20128G312
| ML20128G312 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Brunswick  |
| Issue date: | 01/31/1993 |
| From: | GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. |
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| NUDOCS 9302120240 | |
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- o JAN 21 '93 15:22 - FROM GE NUMAC PRODUCTION TO 89195452826 PAGE,005
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1 4 i f, I 1 V EMI-ANALYSIS 3 NUMAC LEAK DETECTION MONITOR l 4 j January, 1993 4 i i i i i i 1 GE NUCLEAR ENERGY-San Jose, California i ! 9302120240 930208 PDR ADOCK 05000324 P PDR '
- JAN 21 '93 15122 FROM GE NUl%C PRODUCT 1ON TO 89195462826 PAGE,006 EMI ANALYSIS NUMAC LEAK DETECTION MONITOR
- 1. Introduction 1.1 Scope This document reviews the types of electromagnetic interference (EMI) (including radio frequency interference or RFI) and electrical surges found in power plant control rooms, the major standards available for EMI and surge susceptibility testing, EMI and surge withstand testing performed on NUMAC equipment, and the applicability of the test methods and test results on the NUMAC Leak Detection Monitor (LDM).
Data are arranged by types of interference. They are:
- a. Interference from Radiated Electric Fields - Noise reaches equipment as a result of energy stored in and propagated by electric fields. Radio transmissions are an example.
- b. Interference from Radiated Magnetic Fields - Noise reaches equipment as a result of energy stored in and propagated by magnetic fields. Stray fields from rotating devices are an example.
- c. Interference from Radiated Electromagnetic Fields - Noise reaches equipment as a result of energy stored in and propagated by fields having both significant electric and magnetic components. Fields generated by certain military weapons are an example.
- d. Interference from Electrostatic Discharges - Noise (and perhaps damage) caused by discharging static electric fields
' into equipment. The touching of equipment by personnel who have accumulated static charge on their bodies is an example.
- e. Interference from Conducted Noise - Electrical noise injected by conduction onto power and signal-connectors and onto attached leads. The noise injected onto power busses by switching devices is an example.
= JAN 21 '93 15:22 FROM' GE NUMAC PRODUCTION TO 89195462826- PAGE.007 1.2 Military Tg_t.E All military testing referenced in this document is with respect to Mil-Std-461, Electromagnetic Emission and Susceptibility Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference, and -
to Mil-Std-462, Measurement cf Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics. The current revision of Mil-Std-461 is "C"-
- (Notices 1 and 2 apply). Mil-Std-462 has never been revised but Notices 1 through 6 apply.-
The above documents are currently undergoing extensive revisions, including the addition, deletion and changing of test requirements and procedures, and the-inclusion of rationales for - the various tests specified. As a result, the-(proposed) revision of-Mil-Std-461 makes it-easier to see which of the Mil-Std-461/2 EMI tests might apply to power plant instrumentation. The revision also makes it easier to assess-test stress levels. l Unless indicated otherwise, reference-to Mil-Std-461 in this-l- report:will imply the February 14, 1992' draft of the proposed revision to the-Standard. l t i ! 1.3 Results of Testing ) Whenever this document indicates that a piece of NUMAC equipment underwent a specific EMI test, it is to be assumed that the j equipment passed the test, unless otherwise:noted. e i i j.' l f r i s
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i , , JAN 21 '93 15:23 FROri GE NUMAC PRODUCT!ON TO 89195462826 PAGE.003 i I i
- i l 2. Radiated Electric Fields 2.1 Sources
, Radiated electric fields induce noise in equipment as a result of i energy stored in and propagated by electric fields. i ! 2.1.1 Sources Found-in Power Planta l Sources of radiated electric fields found in power plants are primarily the following: ] ! a. _ Transmissions from antennas of "valkie talkies" and _other portable transceivers. l ! b. Transmissions from fixed radio antennas (transmitters, ] repeaters, etc) inside the plant. l
- c. Stray transmissions from radio and TV receivers, high j speed electronics, fluorescent lights, etc.
2.1.2 External Sources J
- Sources of electric
- fields external to power plants include the following, f a. Broadcast antennas (AM/FM/TV, communications) 1
- b. Radars and tracking equipment.
l
- c. Military communications (mobile, aircraft, spacecraft).
- 2. 2- Current Standards The following are the major. current standards on radiated
- electric fields
- a. ANSI /IEEE Std C37.90.2-Trial Use (1987),-IEEE Trial-Use
) Standard Withstand Capability of Relay Systems to Radiated
- Electromagnetic Interference.from Transceivers
- A test method in which the equipment being tested is placed
) in a shielded, enclosed: room -together with an antenna- that i radiates an electric field with a strength of 10 tx) 20 V/m (at the equipment) over a frequency range of 25 and 1000 MHz. Sweep rates, RF modulation and Keying, orientation of equipment to antenna, etc, are described in the standard. Other types of antennae may be used, if they provide equivalent fields. t 1 1
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, J/N 22 '93 08:42 FROM GE NUMAC TO 09195462826 PAGE.002
- b. SAMA PMC_33.1-1978, Electromagnetic Susceptibility of Process control Instrumentation.
This is an earlier version of ANSI /IEEE Std C37.90.2, above, and is no longer supported by SAMA.
- c. Mil-Std-461/2 (1) Method RS103 (Radiated susceptibility, electric field, 10 kz to 40 GHz). Testing above 18 GHz is performed when there is a need (ie, the equipment being tested may see such frequencies in its operating environment).
Maximum field strength for outdoor equipment is 200 volts / meter, for indoor equipment 50 volts / meter. This test method corresponds to RS03 of the current published versions.of Mil-std-461/2 (see 1.2).
- d. International Standards (1) IEC Standard 801-3 (Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment -
Part 3: Radiated electromagnetic field requirements) - The equipment under test is subjected 1to-radio fields of 10 V/m or greater using fixed antennas or. hand-held RF probes. The frequency range covered is 27 to 500 MHz. This test is similar to those giventin ANSI /IEEE Std C37.90.2 and SAMA PMC 33.1, except for-field strengths and frequency range. 2.3 Testina Performed on NUMAC Eauinment The :following- tests were -conducted on NUMAC instruments:-
- a. SAMA PMC 33.1 - A NUMAC Reactor Building Vent Radiation Monitor-(RBVRM) system, including a Digital (G-M tube).
Sensor E-Converter, a Solid-State Sensor & Converter, a Splitter and an Interface Panel were subjected to radio
' fields of-65 V/m or greater using hand-held RF probes. :The frequency range-was 20 to 990.MHz. _The. probe was held against all sides of the equipment,~inside the RBVRM chassis,-etc. The system had to. function'within specified limits.
- b. IEC Standard 801 A NUMAC: Wide Range-Neutron Monitoring (WRNM) system, including a Prc5mplifier and Remote Display, were subjected.to radio field. sf-l'0 V/m or greater using.
hand-held RF. probes. 'The frequency range was 27 to 500 MHz. The probe was-held against all sides of the equipment, against seams.in equipment cases, connectors, openings, etc. The system had'to function within specified limits.
, JAN 22 '93 03:42 FRG1 GE FU1AC TO 89195462826 PAGE.003 l
l
. 1 2.4 Analysis of Test Methodi '
The ANSI /IEEE method challenges the equipment more because of RF modulation and keying. RS103 challenges the equipment more because of its vider frequency range. GE's test of the RBVRM was probably the most challenging, even if RF modulation and keying vere not employed. However, the frequency range, though approximately the same as for the ANSI /IEEE test, was not as vide as for the RS103 test. Plant measurement or analysis vould have to determine what RF frequency range and what field strengths are to be encountered. 2.5 Applicability to Leak Detection Monitor The following indicates the susceptibility of each component part of the Leak Detection Monitor to electric fields,
- a. Chassis Electric fields may induce currents in the chassis case.
These currents are removed via case ground. Case is standard for NUMAC. Testing was performed on the bGun( to 500 MHz and on the RBVRM to 1000 MHz. a
- b. Front Panel Electric fields may induce currents in the front panel.
These currents are removed via front panel ground. Panel is standard for NUMAC. Testing was performed on the WRNM to 500 MHz and on the RBVRM to 1000 MHz.
- c. Rear Connector Bracket
- Electric fields may induce currents in the rear connector bracket. These currents are removed via connector ground.
Bracket varies from instrument to instrument with respect to exact size, uncovered holes drilled in bracket, numbar, size and type of connectors used, and components mounted on bracket. Fields may induce currents in connectors attached to the bracket and in conductors attached to the connectors. There is no covering at the rear of the chassis between top cover and the rear connector bracket. This is true for all NUMAC instruments because some instruments (but not the LDM) require that connectors be attached directly to back edge of circuit modules.
-S-
JAN 22 '93 03:43 FROh GE M31AC TO 89195462926 PAGE.004 2.5 Annlicability to Leak Detection Monitor (cont'dl The rear connector brackets of the WRNM and REVRM tested, and the connectors mounted on them are typical of those used in the LDM. When the RF probe was placed at the rear of the chassis (where there is no covering) no upsets were noted. Again, this would be typical of the LDM, even though the LDM has some different modules (for which, see below).
- d. Motherboard Internal to instrument and not directly affected.
Motherboard is standard for NUMAC and was used in WRNM and RBVRM tests.
- e. Low Voltage Power Supplies
- f. Computer Module
- g. Analog Module
- h. Display Control Module These modules are used in all NUMAC instruments and in the same relative locations within these instruments (the cardfile location of the Analog Module may vary slightly).
They vere tested in the WRNM to 500 MHz and in the RBVRM to 1000 MHz.
- i. Open Drain I/O Module
- j. 16-Ch Analog Output Module These modules are used in the RBVRM (in approximately the same cardfile locations) where they were tested to 1000 MHz.
No malfunctions due to RF pickup on the external wiring going to these modules were noted. External wiring was connected to the modules,
- k. GEDAC Communications Module The GEDAC Communications Module has not been subjected to RF susceptibility testing. However, it is similar in function and circuitry to the previously tested RS422/RS485 Communications module used in the RBVRM and to the previously tested RS232 Communications Module used in the WRNM. External wiring to these modules was included in this testing and no malfunctions due to RF pickup on these wires were noted. The GEDAC module contains a daughter board to handle a fiber optic data interface. This board (interface) was not part of the two communications modules tested.
However, fiber optic circuits are generally immune to radio frequency interference. The logic circuits also included with the daughter board have likewise been found immune to RF susceptibility.
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, .JAN 22 '93 03:43 FROri GE NI, PAC TO 99195462826 PAGE.005 ,
l 2.5 Aeolicability to Leak Detent _lon Monitor (cont'd)
- 1. 6-Thermocouple Input Module The 6-Thermocouple Input Module has not been subjected to RF susceptibility testing. There is nothing in the module to make it sensitive to 25 - 1000 MHz carrier waves. Major points of non-linearity (ie, :ectification) are in the front end amplifiers of the six input channels. However, 0.5 HZ low pass filters are built into these front ends so that only very lov frequency carrier modulations could find their way into the input module, of course, the LDM's chassis cover shields the module against RF. The external signal vires going to the module have not been tested for RF
! pickup. However, any noise picked up in this manner would also be subject to the 0.5 HZ input filters. Thus, the 6-Thermocouple Input Module should be relatively immune to RF pickup on its input viring. . 2.6 Conclusions As a result of testing performed on the RBVRM and WRNM, as voll as analysis of the 6-Thermocouple Input Module, the LDM can be reasonably expected to be immune to RF in the range of 25 to 1000 MHz. If, at the LDM's location, significant electric fields outside this range are present, or if ambient fields having significant low frequency modulation (see 2.51) are present, then further RF testing may be advisable.
l
, JAN 21 '93 15:40 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE,002 i 1
- 3. Radiated Macnetic Fields 3.1 Sources Radiated magnetic fields induce noise in equipment as a result of energy stored in and propagated by magnetic fields.
3.1.1 Sources Found in Power Plants Sources of radiated magnetic fields found in power plants are primarily the following:
- a. Earth's magnetic field, magnetized structures, permanent magnets
- b. Strays fields from rotating devices 4
- c. Stray fields from magnetic circuitry
- d. Magnetically coupled noise on wires and cables
, 3.1.2 External Sources Sources of magnetic fields external to power plants include the following.
- a. Communications / detection equipment based on the propagation of magnetic ficids 3.2 Current Standardg The following are the major current standards on radiated magnetic fields:
- a. Mil-Std-461/2 (1) Method RS101 (Radiated susceptibility, magnetic fields, 30 Hz to So kHz) (SE-5 Tesla /ampero) (testing limited to equipment sensitive to lov frequency magnetic fields such as used in antisubmarine warfare, mine detection)
This test method corresponds to RSol of the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). Note that the proposed revisions to Mil-Std-461/2 do not include a test similar to RSO2 found in the current published versions.
.JAN 21 '93 15:40 FROM GE nut 14C TO 89195462826 PAGE,003 3.2 Current Standards (cont'd) ,
- b. General Electric Specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide" Fifty-foot cables or lead wires are attached to the inputs / outputs of the equipment being tested. Wires / cables are laid out flat (ic, not coiled). Fifty-foot vires from a test generator are placed in contact with the input / output vires. Two types of signals are placed on the test wires:
(1) 300 Vp-p oscillations at 1/2 to 1 Hz repetition rate with a damped oscillation of 6 to 7 H; Ot 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 kHz. (2) S Vp-p oscillations from 0.5 to 100 MHz at a rate of 1 to 5 MHz/Sec. In both cases, equipment must operate within test acceptance limits. The tests were designed to be representative of actual conditions in nuclear power plants. 3.3 Testina Performed on NUMAC Eauipment The following tests were conducted on NUMAC instruments:
- a. 249A1238, Revision S, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide" These tests were conducted on the NUMAC Log Rad Monitor (LRM), Source Range Monitor (SRll), Wide Range Neutron Monitor (WRNM), DC Wide Range Monitor (DCWRM), and Reactor Building Vent Radiation Monitor (RBVRM).
3.4 Analysis of Test Methods Method RS101 is intended primarily to insure that performance of equipment potentially sensitive to low frequency magnetic fields is not degraded. NUMAC equipment is not generally sensitive to such fields. The Navy's test limits are based on maximum magnetic field emissions from equipments and subsystems. The Army's limits are based on maximum allowable induced current.
. JAN 21 '93 15:40 FROr1 GE NUi1AC TO 99195462826 PAGE.004
! 3.4 Analysis of Test Methods (cont'd) Method RSO2 (in the current version of Mil-Std-461/2) and 249A1238 both test susceptibility to magnetically induced noise on signal leads, although different methods are used. RSO2 places wires under test in a known magnetic field. This makes the test quite reproducible {an objective of the military tests) . However, this is not the way noise in induced in power plant applications. 249A1238, more realistically, places noise on parallel running wires which generate the interfering magnetic fields, though the precise field strengths are not known. Testing in accordance with 249A1238 should be sufficient to demonstrate immunity to magnetically induced noise on signal 1 cads. 3.5 Aonlicability to Leak Detection Monitor The following indicates the susceptibility of each component part of the Leak Detection Monitor to magnetic fields,
- a. Chassis
- b. Front Panel
- c. Rear Connector Bracket Because the chassis is made from both ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic materials, it must be presumed that the LDM's outer case does not defend against magnetic fields.
However, the performance of the chassis' components are not effected by ordinary magnetic field, including the-i electroluminescent display mounted on the front panel. For a discussion of the magnetic coupling of signals into the conductors attached to the rear connector bracket, see below).
- d. Motherboard The motherboard does not contain any circuits that can be affected by magnetic fields. Unless there were strong external magnetic fields in the vicinity, it is highly unlikely that signals can be magnetically coupled into the traces on the wires attached to the motherboard. Moreover, the lengths of these conductors would be too short to permit significant coupling of signal.
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, ,JAN 21 '93 15841 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE.02r5 l
3.5 Applicability to Leak Detection Monitor (cgnt'dl
- e. LVPS The Lov Voltage Power Supplies contain transformers and
, chokes that use ferromagnetic cores. Thus, the paths of the (relatively high) magnetic fields used in the power conversion process are confined to these cores. It is highly unlikely that conventional external magnetic fields can disturb the fields in the ferromagnetic cores.
It should also be noted that the operation of the LDM is not affected by any stray magnetic fields that might be emitted 4 from the LVPSs. Susceptibility to magnetically coupled noise at the power supply inputs was tested in various NUMAC instruments in , accordance with GE specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide". 3.5 &Dolicability to Leak Detection Monitor (cont'd)
- f. Computer Module
- g. Analog Module
- h. Display Control Module
- 1. Open Drain I/O Module
- j. 16-Ch Analog Output Module
- k. GEDAC Communications Module
- 1. 6-Thermocouple Input Module The components and circuits contained in the LDM's electronic modules are not susceptible to ordinary magnetic fields. Circuit board traces and internal chassis wiring are too short to allow significant magnetic coupling of external signals.
Of the above modules, only the Open Drain I/O module, the 16-Ch Analog Output module, the GEDAC module, and the Thermocouple module connect to the external world (via wire cables, fiber optic cables, or wire conductors). The external signal wires going to the open Drain I/O module and 16-Ch Analog Output module were tested in the RBVRM in accordance with GE specification 249Al238, Revision 5, "EMI susceptibility Test Guide". The electrical signal I/O circuits of the GEDAC module are similar to those found in the RS232 and RS422/485 Communications modules. The external signal wires going to these two communications modules were tested in the WRNM and RBVEM, respectively, in accordance with GE specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI susceptibility Test Guide". The fiber optic cables go to the GEDAC Communications module are not susceptible to magnetic fields.
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} , JAN 21 '93 15 41 FROM GE FLf1AC TO 89195462826 PAGE.006 i ! i 4 s
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i 3.5 Applicability to Leak Detection Monitor (cont'd) No testing of magnetic pickup on the external signal' wires going to the Thermocouple module have been performed. However, whatever magnetically induced noise there might be would be subject to the 0.5 Hz filters on the module and, thus, the LDM should be relatively immune to such external signals. i 3.6 Conclusiqng j The LDM instrument, including power and I/O leads to it, can
' reasonably be expected to be immune to noises induced by external magnetic fields. However, if strong magnetic fields are present 4
at the LDM's mounting location, or if wires carrying high 1 currents run alongside the LDM's I/O wiring, especially the 8 wiring to the Thermocouple module, then further testing may be-advisable. 4 1 I t 4 l i I 4 N w 4 d' n
, .JAN 21 '93 15141 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE.007
- 4. Badiated Elgp3romacnetic Fields 4.1 Sources Radiated electromagnetic field noise is induced in equipment as a result of energy stored in and propagated by fields having both significant electric and magnetic components.
4.1.1 Sources Found in Power Plants Sourcos of radiated electromagnetic fields found in power plants are primarily the following:
- a. None.
4.1.2 External __ Sources Sourcos of electromagnetic fields external to power plants include the following,
- a. Military weapons.
4.2 Current Standards The following are the major current standards on radiated electromagnetic fields:
- a. Mil-Std-461/2 (1) Method RS105 (Radiated susceptibility, transient, electromagnetic field). This is a' limited application test designed for equipment exposed to the electromagnetic pulso (EMP) throat.
This test method corresponds to RS01 of the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). Note that the proposed revisions to Mil-Std-461/2 do not include a test similar to RSO2 found in the current published versions. 4.3 Testina Performed on RUMAC Equipment No testing strictly electromagnetic in nature (see 4.2) has been performed on NUMAC equipment.
/
i ! . - JAN 21 '93 15:42 FROf1 GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE.003 i j 4.4 Analysis of Test Methods The military test procedure simulates electromagnetic pulses a generated from the explosion of nuclear weapons. This scenario i does not apply to power plant environments. Hence, no further
- analysis is required.
J j 4.5 Anolicability to Leak Detection Monitor i The use of Test Method RS105 is not applicable to the Leak { Detection Monitor. l 4.6 Conclusions i 1 There are currently no radiated electromagnetic susceptibility tests applicable to NUMAC equipment. Since radiated EMI seen by NUMAC equipment is either predominantly electric or predominantly j magnetic, is required. no separate testing for electromagnetic susceptibility j i i i } i 3-i 4 e l 2 l l i i 1 I i i l
1
,JAN 21 '93 15:42 FR0t1 GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE.003 i S. E1cetrostatic D.1Egharaen 5.1 Egurces Electrostatic discharges noise (and perhaps damage) is caused by discharging static electric fields into equipment.
5.1.1 Sources Found in Power Plant.g The prime source of electrostatic discharge is the touching of equipment by operating personnel who have accumulated static charges on their bodies (eg, by walking on certain
- floor surfaces).
5.1.2 External sources None, 5.2 Current Standards The following are the major current standards on radiated electromagnetic fields:
- a. International (1) IEC Standard 801-2 (Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment -
Part 2: Electrostatic discharge requirements) - The output of an electrostatic discharge simulator, with test level settings of 2, 4, 8 and/or 16 Kv, is applied to various accessible portions of the equipment-being tested. 5.3 Testing Performed on NUMAC Equipment The following test was performed on NUMAC instruments:
- a. IEC Standard 601 The WRNM equipment was tested. The output of an electrostatic discharge simulator, with test levels set to 2, 4 and 8 KV was applied to various accessible portions of the WRNM equipment. The equipment must met specification with the interfering signal applied.
Some flicker of the electroluminescent screen was noted during the discharges, but instrument operation was 4 otherwise not affected and no damage occurred. 5.4 Analysis of Tests Performed The IEC procedure provides a means for thoroughly and soverely testing the electrostatic immunity of electronic / electrical equipment.
- . ~ - . - . ..- - _- - . . ~ . _ - . - . - - . - - . - . . ~ . . - . . ~ . - . - . . - . , . . - - . . - . .. .-
l , . , JAN 21 '93 .15:42 FR0r1 GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 _PAGE.010; i . 5.5 Aeolicability to Leak Detection Monitor ' i ! The main locations where a user / operator might touch an-installed' ' [ LDM-are the; front panel and the rear connector bracket. An
- appropriate electrostatic discharge test at these locations was
- performed for the WRNM. Compared to the WRNM, the LDM's front
! panel and its methods of grounding are identical. The LDM's rear i connector bracket is similar to that of the WRNM, and-its method of shielding / grounding identical, j 5.6 conclusions Based on its similarity to the NUMAC Wide Range-Neutron Monitor that was tested and found not to be susceptible to electrostatic discharge, it is reasonable to assume that.the LDM is likewise j not susceptible to electrostatic discharge. I t I i i 4 o i s A 1 l l , + J A d
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I l l l ,, ,JAN 21 '93 15 43 FROM GE NUMAC .TO 99195462826- PAGE.011-l l l 6. Conducted Noi_se i I 6.1 Sources i Conducted noises are electrical signals resulting from_EMI which i are injected into equipment at_I/O terminations or.via. cables and I i conductors attached to these terminations. I 6.1.1 Sources Found in Power Plants l Prime sources of conducted noise.in power plants include: l a. Lightning entering power distribution system ! b. Switching transients caused by' failures in power i I generation and distribution systems-
- c. Switching of power sources l d. Switching of loads on power lines i
- e. Failures in connected equipment l
J 6.1.2 External Sources l None. 6.2 Current Standards The following are the major current standards relating to conducted noise:
- a. ANSI /IEEE (1) C37.90.1-1989,- IEEE' Standard Surge Withstand Capability (SWC)-Tests for Protective Relays and Relay Systems This is the successor document to the old IEEE Std 472 66 surge Uithstand capability. The current document indicates what input / output circuits are to be tested,-
and how. It provides for common mode tests (one lead from a_ test ~. generator is connected, via capacitors, to several_I/O points of the equipment, the other. lead is connected to_equipmentiground, and' transverse mode
-tests (the_ signal' from a test. generator is applied betwcon two I/O points of the equipment being tested).
(2) C62.41-1991, IEEE Recommended Practice on Surge Voltages in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits This document is tutorial on what phenomena cause surges and provides data to assist in establishing the surge protection requirements for equipments.
, JAN 21 '93 15143 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE 012 6.2 Current Standards (cont'd)
(3) C62-45-1987, IEEE Guide on Surge Testing for Equipment Connected to Lov-Voltage AC Power Circuits This document provides guidelinos on how to best perform surge testing on a given piece of equipment. Various types of tests, and their objectives, are discussed but specific tests and requirements are not given.
- b. Mil-Std-461/2 (1) Method CS101 (Conducted susceptibility, power leads, 30 Hz to 50 kHr.). The purpose of this test is to assure that equipment operation vill not be degraded due to (allowable) distortions of power supply waveforms. In CS01, sine vavos, 30 Hz to 50 KHz, one frequency per decade, are transformer coupled into one of power leads of the equipment being tested. The test voltage is 10%
of the supply voltage or 5.0 V(RMS), whichever is less. This test method corresponds to CS01 of the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). (2) Method CS109 (Conducted susceptibility, structure current, 60 Hz to 100 kHz) (special test relating to the susceptibility of highly sensitive submarine equipment to magnetic fields generated by currents flowing in housing structures) This test method corresponds to CSO9 of the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (sco 1.2). Note: The phenomenon being guarded against is a magnetic field. The test, however, uses conducted noisa. l
. ,JAN 21 '93 15: 43 FROM GE NJMAC TO 09195462826 PAGE 013 l
6.2 Current Slandards (cont'd) i i ' (3) Method CS114 (Conducted suscoptibility, bulk cabic injection, 10 kHz to 400 MHz) (the test simulates currents induced into cables by electromagnetic fields generated via antenna transmissions) (signals are coupled into cabic because use of antenna during test is difficult) (Testing up to 30 Mhz applies to all military equipment. For aircraft and space systems the upper range is extended to 200 Mhz. Anything above a i specified range is optional (ie, per contract document) . Test limits within the specified ranges depend further upon application. This is a new test method and does not correspond to any method in the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). Note: The phenomenon being guarded against is an electric field. The test, however, uses conducted noise. (4) Method CS115 (Conducted susceptibility, bulk cable injection, impulso excitation) (5-ampere current pulsos
- (500 volts across a 100 ohm loop impedance), 30 nS vide with rise and fall times less than 2 nS, are injected a 30 Hz rate for 1 minute) (used primarily to test aircraft and spacecraft, requirements have been correlated with observations made in aircraft)
This is a new test method and does not correspond to any method in the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). (5) Method CS116 (conducted susceptibility, damped sinusoidal transients, cable and power 1 cads, 10 kHz to 100 MHz) The test is designed to simulate current and voltage transients arising from natural phenomena such as lightning. Transients are magnetically coupled onto leads at a rate of 0.5 to 1.0 transients per seconds. Transients are damped sinuisoids at frequencies of .01,
.1, 1. 10 and 100 Mhz. Maximum currents are 10 A (Army and Navy), 5 A (Air Force).
This is a new test method and does not correspond to any method in the current published versions of Mil-Std-461/2 (see 1.2). Note that the proposed revisions to Mil-Std-461/2 do not include tests similar to CSO2, CS06, CS10 and CS11 found in the current published versions.
, . ,JAN 21 '93 15 44 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE.014 i
4
. J
! l 6.2 Current Standards (cont'd) i'
- c. General Electric Specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI j susceptibility Test Guide" 1
Two types of signal are applied to each ungrounded power input lead of the equipment being tested (directly if AC j powered, via capacitors if DC powered): (1) 300 Vp-p oscillations at 1/2 to 1 Hz repetition rate. t with a damped oscillation of 6 to 7 Hz at 100, 200, l 300, 400 and 500 kHz, i ) (2) 5 Vp-p oscillations from 0.5 to 100 MHz at a rate of 1 j to 5 MHz/Sec. In both cases,. equipment must operate within test acceptance l limits. c. j svensk Standard ss 436 15 03 (Swedish) s ! (1) With no signal or power leads attached, sequences of j
+/- 3 KV pulses are applied via capacitors to power input and other selected I/O points. After each i
application, signal leads are attached,-power is applied and equipment tested to specification._ Pulses j are applied between power leads, between power leads and chassis ground, and between power leads and signal i leads. (2) With power on and with external circuits simulated by } impedances, a 250 volt sinusoid is applied at selected 4 I/O points. The equipment must meet specification with the interfering signal applied. Sinusoids are applied , between output leads, between output leads and chassis ground, and between chassis grounds of connected ! equipments. l (3) With power on, bursts of short (up to 50 nS) savtooth transients, +/-2 to:4 KY, are simultaneously applied (via 2 meter long wires) to selected signal and power I/O points, to selected-chassis ground points, and to selected cable and chassis ground: points. The equipment must meet specification with the interfering-
' signal applied.
(4) With power on, a damped 1 MHz sinusoid (1 KV or 0.5.KV max) at a repetition rate-of 300 to 500 per second-are-simultaneously applied (via 2 meter long wires) at selected signal and power I/O points, and at selected chassis ground points. 13ue equipment must meet; specification with the interfering signal applied.
. * .JAN 21 '93 15:44 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE 015 ,
! l J l 6.3 Testina Performed on NUMAC Eculpagni ; t The following tests were conducted on NUMAC instruments { , a. IEEE Std C37.90.1-1989 (old IEEE Std 472) A susceptibility test, specifically requested by one of GE's customers and reflecting the requirements of the IEEE l' standard, was performed on the RBVRM and its accessory
- equipment. For this test, the equipment had to operate within acceptance limits when six (6) one-shot transients
- (from a model 510 Surge Transient Generator set to 2500
- Volts) were applied to AC input line and to output relay
- contacts.
- b. 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide" These tests were conducted on the NUMAC Log Rad Monitor (LRM), Source Range Monitor (SRM), Wide Range Neutron i
Monitor (WRNM), DC Wide Range Monitor (DCWRM), and Reactor l Building Vent Radiation Monitor (RBVRM).
- c. Svensk Standard SS 436 15 03 (Swedish) i All four tests were performed on the WRNM and its accessory equipment. All pieces were connected as they would be in actual system usage.
l
- 6.4 Analysis of Testino Performed 4
' The conducted noise tests outlined above cover a variety of noise environments (aircraft, shipboard, industrial, etc). The
- specific tests that a given equipment must pass will depend both on where it is used and on the types and amplitudes of noise to i be encountered. In general, equipment must be able to withstand
- repetitive bursts of high voltage, high frequency transients, and continuous application of lower voltage, lower frequency sine
- waves.
i The Swedish Standard (SS 436 15 03) tests conducted on the WRNM equipment represents a fairly comprehensive tests for conducted noise. _ The_ standard was meant to cover, among other { applications, control room installations, i
- - . _ _ - . -- - - . - . _ _ .-- . . .. - ~_. -. -
. , = .JAN 21 '93 15845 FROM GE NUMAC TO 09195462826 PAGE.016 6.5 ADolicability to Laak Detection Monitor The following indicates the susceptibility of each component part of the Leak Detection Monitor to electrically conducted noise.
- a. chassis
- b. Front Panel
- c. Rear Connector Bracket i
These items _do not carry or process electrical signals. During testing of the WRNM, no damage of chassis items, sparkovers, etc, were noted. By similarity, this applies to the LDM. The front panel's display, keypad, and keylock switch are not connected to LDM signal / power I/O points. The effects of conducted noise on the signals entering the instrument via connectors on the rear connector bracket are discussed below.
- d. Motherboard The motherboard passes some I/O signals from/to electronic modules in the chassis. During testing of the WRNM, no damage of the motherboard, sparkovers, etc, were noted.- By similarity, this applies to the LDM. The motherboard itself i
does not perform signal processing. The effects of conducted noise on these signals are discussed below. The i motherboard itself does not perform signal processing.
- e. LVPS The conducted noise tests of Svensk Standard SS 436 15 03 were performed on the power supplies in the WRNM. Although theca supplies operate on 230 Vac input, the results should apply equally to supplies operating on 120 vac (minor input transformer differences). The conducted noise tests of GE specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide", were performed on the power supplies in the RBVRM.
These supplies were 120 Vac units. In both sets of tests, no damage or malfunctions of the LVPSs were noted.
- f. Computer Module
- g. Analog Module 9 Display Control Module I/O signals do not enter / leave these modules.
, , , JAN 21 '93 15f45 FROM GE NUMAC TO 89195462826 PAGE,017 6.5 Aeolicability to Leak Detection Monitor (cont'd)
- h. Open Drain I/O Module
- 1. 16-Ch Analog output Module These modules, found in the R3VRM but not in the WRNM, were subjected to the conducted noise tests of GE specification 249A1238, Revision 5, "EMI Susceptibility Test Guide". They were not tested to the more severe standards of Svensk Standard SS 436 15 03. The external wiring to these modules should be examined to see if high voltage spikes such as those generated during IEEE Standard or Swedish Standard surge withstand testing might be encountered. If so, testing of the modules vould be advisable.
- j. GEDAC Communications Modulo
" The clectrical I/O circuits of the GEDAC Communications Module are similar to both those of the RS232 Communications Module (successfully tested in the WRNM to the Swedish standard) and those of the RS422/485 Communications Module (successfully tested in the RBVRM to the GE specification). It is therefore reasonable to assume that the electrical I/O circuits of the GEDAC module are likewise immune. The fiber optic I/O of the GEDAC module is not susceptible to electrically conducted noise. 4
- k. 6-Thermocouple Input Module The electrical surge protection circuits on the Thermocouple module are similar to those found on signal I/O modules meeting the Swedish standard (RS232 Communicationc), or the GE specification (open Drain I/0, 16-Ch Analog output, RS422/405 Communications). However, the external wiring to the 6-Thermocouple Input Module should be examined to see if high voltage spikes such as those generated during IEEE Standard or Swedish Standard surge withstand testing might be encountered. If so, tecting of the 6-Thermocouple Input Module would be advisable.
6.6 Cgnelusions The LDM is reasonably immune to conducted electrical noise. However, the possibility of noise, especially high voltage spikes, at the LDM's I/O terminals leading to the open Drain I/O Module, the 16-Ch Analog output Module, and the 6-Thermocouple Input Module should be examined. If such noise is present, then further testing may be advisable.
. -- - . - - -_ = - - . = . , -
- , ,, , JAN 21 '93 15846 FROM GE NUMAC TO 09195462826 PAGE 018 1 l
- 7. OVERALL RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Leak Detection Monitors are reasonably immune to EMI provided the j~
serviue conditions they encounter (plus test margins) are not more severe than the conditions for which NUMAC products have been tested. Further EMI/ Susceptibility testing may be advisable if data and/or analysis indicate one or more-of the following: )
- a. EMI conditions are more severe than those for which NUMAC products have- been tested.
, b. Significant electrical radiation outside the range of 25 to 1000 MHz or ambient radiation having significant lov frequency modulation is/are'present near the LDM mounting i locations (see 2.6). ! c. -Significant magnetic fields are present near the LDM
- mounting locations, or wires carrying high currents run j alongside LDM I/O viring, especially viring to the-l 6-Thermocouple Input Module (see 3.6).
- d. Conducted noise, especially high voltage spikes of the type generated during susceptibility testing, may be present on external viring that leads to an LDM's open Drain I/O i
Module, 16-Ch Analog output Module, or 6-Thermocouple Input i Module (see 6.6) . O f i l
- . l d
_ , . . . . _ , ~ . . _ . _ - . ..- - . .
IEEE (b2 41 % M 4805702 005b926 8 M-tuts- %- oW ArrAcuMur s q (t POsummary U GMe 8-== y is not a part ofIRE Cs2.411991,IEEE Reeomunended Praetka on Burse Voltases la low-Voltage AC hrw CircunsJ This document doacribes the occurrence of surges in low. voltage ac power circuits and provides guidance on tne simplification of a complex data base into a limited set of representative surges. This simpliScation will assist designers of equipment in providing the appropriate degree of withstand capability in their designs, allow users of equipment to specify appropriate levels of withstand requimments, and provide test equipment suppliers and test laboratorica with a recom-mended practice for a limited number of well-defined test waveforms. Protection from surge voltages in ac power circuits can boat be achieved through the application of protective devices matched to the environment and to the operational requirements af the equip-ment. Environmental conditions can be represented by two selected voltage-curront waveforms, described as standard waveforms, with amplitude and available energy dependent upon the perti-nent location within the power system or distance from the surge source. Circumstances may be encountered where other waveforms, described as additional waveforms, may be appropriate to represent surges caused by less frequent mechanisms or by the presence of equipment recognized as the cause oflonger or shorter disturbances. StandardWavefbrms Por practical purposes, locations are divided into three categories. Surge characteristics, that is, rates of occurrence, waveforms, source impedances, and amplitudes, are discussed for each cato-gory oflocation and exposure, g (1) Lo stione Category A: IAng branch circuits, receptacles (Indoor) Category R: Major feeders, short branch circuits, service panel (indoor) Category C: Outdoor overhead lines, sewice entrance (2) Exposure Low Raposure: Systems in geographical areas known for low lightning activity, with little load.cwitching activity. Mediura Exposure: Systems in geographical areas known for medium to high lightning activity, or with significant switching translants, or both. ; High Exposure: Those rare installations that have greater surge exposure than those defined j by Low Exposure and Medium Exposure. (3) Recommended Values l Recommended values are given for the waveforms, voltage amplitude, and current ampli- > tude of representative surges in line-to-neutral, line to-line, and neutral.to-ground configurations. AdditionalWa, %us Special situations have been identified in whleh additional waveforms may be appropriate; these have been added to the standard waveforms initially defined in tha 1980 version of this doc-ument. These special situations include the presence of large banks of switched capacitors or the operation of fbses at the end oflong cables. These cases warrant consideration of additional wave-forma that have the capability of depositing substantial. energy in a surge-diverting protective device and causing failure of devices not sized for that occurrence. However, the charneteristics of h these phenomena are closely related to the speciSes of t' situation, so that it is difficult to provide
- l l
1 Cyright is the IEnrJ3 2 EEDlot i ELCsan BCMiss UED SatJa oll E OB54 130 l
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- IEEE (b2e41 'il M 4605702 0056'12'l T m generally applicable recommendations. l'or that resnon, this document presents information on these surges as a range of values rather than specific numbers. h The presence of nearby equipenent involving load switching can couple bursts of feet transienta that have the capability of interfering with logie circuits and causing upseta This situadon has been recogmsed, and test procedures have been defined by other organlaations to demonstrato immunity of equipment that may be subjected to those bursta. This document endorses the recom.
mandations made by these organlaations and includes the fast-transient burst where applicable. Outdance Vmus Spawh+4an The recommendations given in tids document are provided as the basis for selecting specifica-tions appropriate to the needs of equipment dealgnere and usaro, depending on the part!eulars of the situation. While recognising the desirability of sweeping general specifications, this document cautions the reader against such practice. The specifleation of equipment withstand capabPity, and of test levels to prove this capability, remains the responsibility of eiquipment suppliers and equipment usere, based on an understsnding of the altuation that this document is attempting to provide. While short term monitoring of an individual sit 4 oAen gives some useful information, the environment is so dynamic that the analysis of a brief period may not give a good prediction of the future environment. Readers are also warned cc the economic fallacy of apecifying unrealistic complexities of test procedures or eremssive withstand capability in an attempt to obtain greater reliability. The com. plexity of the surge environmant is such that no set of tant waveforms will ever completely simulate the environment, and a allghtly higher level of surges can always be pmposed to boost equipment withstand. This document was prepared with the intent to avoid such unrealistie requirements. O i O
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Docket Nos. 50-325
*b MIE RECUVB 50-324-Mr. J. A. Jones
'EE. 0 'III Senior Executiva , ice .' resident Carolina Power . Light Company g gg - l 336 FayettevO i. Stre**. .
Raleigh, North e 'ro". ina 27602 , Ocar Mr. Jone.:
Subject:
Electr.nagnetic Interference Measurement Program Re: Brunswick Steam Electric Plant Units 1 and 2 The NRC has initiated a program to experimental.y <ta**rmine the Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) at various locattoi., within a typical BWR and PWR due.to plant and transmis51ca system operations, area meteorolop*' tonditions. and other .onnally existina Efil sources. This dat'. i,ese wil' e. ... .' " mess the EMI vulnerability of proposed or existing A. signs in the even. r ating incident indicates poss .,10 M1 involvement. The program is expected to be completed by the end of September 1982 at selected nuclear power plants. LawrenceLivermore,NationalLaboratory(LLNL)isprovidingthetech-nical assistance for this program and is developing a detailed plan that will be used to investigate typical, BWR control.and electrical-systms for which EMI vulnerability may be~a concern. This 'inves ti-gation will include the identificaticr, of reactor' plant systems or functions which may be EMI vulnerable, identification ef electrical , components needed to operate the systr or par,formethe functions, j and the detennination off test sensor p acements. LLNL' has previously completed a verification > test to. identi'y and: resolve any technical or l logistical probler.: that may have exist'd with the test equipment or l schm e. The meteorological conditions at the Brunswick site are representative of those leading to the maximum possibic EMl;involvment:due to meteor-ological conditt.ns. We, therefore, rcTJest your) assistance in conducting our EMI program. 'M would like to perform data' measurements to define - the EMI levels-at' Brunswick. These mer mrsaents consist of monitoring for spurious low-level high-frequency signals 1that may/ penetrate instrument i sensor outputs, cables..and. data ' processing inputs, and result in random eqJipnent malfunctions or failures. The Enclosure presents.the pertinent information regatding .the;impaet.of(the pro, posed EMITdata' measurements. j ,.
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The program will not impact plant safety nor have an adverse affect on pla t operations. .
. . - 5 ' .,_,.roA , ' s .../ , '
As noted in the er.10sure, we have scheduled the measurments to be' "= made during Ano" .i 1962. For planning purposes. LLNL would like to Yisit c'- the site duri< , the week of July 19. 1982. Therefore we would appreciate your response u this ' equest- vithin . two weeks. This program and the program schedi'ir h:..e been previously discussed with mmbers of your corporate ana , 6.tni, staffs. I fq.,u w the praposed a urments please con. tactish the to;discussifurther' Brunswick Project Manager. details =on .- i .
; Sincerely. .,
/ ~
(9 Dm enic b. Yt...<116 Chief ^ Operatino Reactors Branch #2 Di':iston of Licensing
Enclosure:
Impact of EM .:t; Measurements cc w/ enclosure: q See next page U f N bl I . l
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,,, --------._____.. s Jf2ACTOFEH1DAThME'A5biiEMEliTS Test rquir ent: The electronic test equipment (excepting the sensors), spectrvn m1yrer, and oscilloscope will be housed in three four foot hich,10 inth wide, rel ay ratts wi th* an appinima te total s.eight' .
- u. 400, pounds. The relay racks will be wheci maunted and, therefore, somewhat portable. The power required to cperate l
the test equipment can be supplied by a 20 ampere (110 volt) c i rcui t. power for air-condittening will also require a se-parate 20 ampere (110 volt) w;,n'v. Sensors: 'en te fou' -loctric :1cid and magnetic field sensors are to a :. , pended in free spact . .mararily attached to the outside surface of pancis (using temp'orary meins) in pre-viously approved locations. These locations are expected to -
; be in approximately four different areas such as the control I
room, relay room, cable-spreading room, and the motor centrol i cer ter. These sensors will have no electrical attachments , .- i k to any plant systems and, therefore, are completely isolated. , in addition to the above, eight to ten current clamp-on pro-3 bos are to be clamped to existing plant cables. These p .bes h t .] .are c1mped to the outside of the cable insulation and will remain electrically isolated fm. all plant systems. The location of these probes w,ill be determined by LLitL after a j i' ; [ review of the drawings and di: tassions with the utility. It is expected that the same four areas used for.the (E/ii) sensors will be utilized. .All of'the'above; sensors will be,1 inked to j a e
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" '", 'the above ~ equipment racks with rinstrument cabling that will: .
be~ approximately 50 feet in le.ngth. LLNL is planning to have a maximum of three of their engineers j Personnel: on-site during. the requested time > f rame. LLllt will need the , services of a utility representative (Electrical Engineer - Electrical Technicien) for equipment,and cabliog location , infornation and for plant equirnent information, g k 1
.. f Time Recuired: Lawrence Livermore !!ational Laboratory (LUit) has requested.
I that a total of two weeks be scheduled during the month of ; i August 1982, for the Dh t* ** For pionning purposes. Au - I gu,t 9 through August '0,1982, are the preferred dates. L LLNL 1s0 req % ,. "* + an initial visit to the plant site be scheduled during the week of July 10, 1982. , s ,
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t, Equipment Remaval_: The instrumentation package (including sensors) can be dis- . 3 connecter t and disriantled at any time during the testing per-iod and removed from the plant upon request by the utility.
.The pinnned renoval time will be at the completion of the testing period and can be accoglished in a period of several hours.
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ATTAcHmser 4 CO&E Carchn. Power & Light Company N ^## (1 016 M 191992 Of fice of Nucleac Reactor Regulation ATTN Mr. D. B. Vassallo. Chief Operating Ronctorn Branch !b. 2 - United States %) clear Regulatory Conmiteion Washingtet. D.C. 20555 02 07 30 BRUNSW!CK STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT, UNIT NOS.1 AND 2 DOCKET NOS. $0-325 AND 50-324 LICENSE NOS. DPR-71 AND DPR-62 ELECTROMAGNgtIC INTERFERENCE MEASUREMENT PROGRA't Daar Mr. Vaneallo: Carolina Power & Light Company (CP&L) has received your letter dated July 2.19R2 requesting assistance f or the NRC-nponcored Electromagnetic l'iterference (EMI) Measurement Program. By this letter. CP&L hereby agruen to host representatives f rom Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to conduct EMI measurements at tha *-"""*-'"*~~"'-*ri: D! a * (BSEP). C...ulina Powr e & Light Company understands data mansurements will be performed to define ..te EMI levels at BSEP Unit Nos. I and 2 as the meteorologi 1 .>nditions found there are representative of those leading to the maximun possihte CHI involvement. We agree to provide assistance to LLNL as set forth in your July 2. 19R2. letter. Mr. ry Nompson vill serve as the CP&L contact for the LLNL EMI measurement program. *Please coordinate appropriate details with Mr. Thompson directly at (919) 457-9521, Extennion 449. Yours very truly. Original Gcncd B/ S. R. Zimmerman S. R. Zimmertaan
- Manager Licensing & Permits i MSC/er (550C3T5)
I cc: Me s s r s . D. O. Hy' . . '/'RC-RSEP ) J. P. O'Reilly (NRC-Ril) J. A. van v11mt (NRC) RECEIVED
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k Mr. N. J. Chiangi Mr. S. McManus
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I Mr. F. R. Coburn Mr. C. H. Moseley, Jr. Mr. A. B. Cutter Mr. J. C. Plunkett (LIA) {(- Mr.'C. k. Diett # Mr. J. J. Sheppard Dr. 7. S. E11eman Mr. G. A. Thompson (BSEP)
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