ML20128E074
| ML20128E074 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Palo Verde  |
| Issue date: | 07/31/1992 |
| From: | ABB COMBUSTION ENGINEERING NUCLEAR FUEL (FORMERLY |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML17306B274 | List: |
| References | |
| CEN-419(V)-NP, NUDOCS 9302100303 | |
| Download: ML20128E074 (26) | |
Text
{{#Wiki_filter:_ ._ _ - _ _ l PALO VERDE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION - UNIT 1 END 0F-CYCLE 3 FUEL EXAMINATION REPORT CEN-419(V)-NP t! July 31, 1992 A Report to Arizona Pubite Services Company from ABB Combustion Engineering Nuclear Fuel Windsor, Connecticut-
.h z;
I 9302100303 930125-PDR ADOCK 05000528:. P PDR W
l LEGAL N011CE 1ll1S REPORT WAS PREPARCO AS AN ACCOUNT Of WORK PERFORMED BY A00 COM0US110N ENGINEERING NUCLEAR POWER. NEITilER COMBUSTION ENGINEERING NOR ANY PERSON j ACTING ON 115 0[llAlf: A. MAKES ANY WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING ' Tile WARRANTIES Of fl1 NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR MERCllANTABIL11Y, WITil RESPEC1 10 illE ACCURACY, COMPLE1CNESS, OR USEfULNESS Of illE . INFORMATION CONTAINED IN 11115 REPORT, OR lilAT Tile USE Of ANY INf 0RMAll0N, APPARATUS, Hell 100, OR PROCESS DISCLOSED IN Tills REPORT. MAY NOT INFRINGC PRIVATELY OWNED RICills; OR
- 0. ASSUMES ANY LIABILl11ES WITil RESPECT 10 lilE USE Or, OR FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM TllE USE Or, ANY INFORMATION, ' APPARA1U5, Hell 100 OR PROCESS DISCLOSED IN 11115 REPORT.
, e ,'
.e-
.s.
I r Table of Contents , f SS.G.110It 1111R EA90 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1
, 2.0 f0EL ASSEMBLY DIMENSIONAL CilANGE EVALUATION 2 2.1 Shoulder Gap Design Basis 2' 2.2 Dimensional Change Data 4 2.3 Shoulder Cap Evaluation 5 3.0
SUMMARY
AND CONCLUSIONS 9 ( 4.0 RffERENCES- 10
~
APPENDIX A Palo Verde l_ Cycle 3 fuel Assemb'ly A-1 through.A-12 Olmensional Change Data i
- n i
g
f List of Tables lgttle TitIe Egga. 1 Palo-Verde-1 fuel Assemblies inspected 3 at E0C-3 List of figures Unitte lille Enac 1 Palo Verde 1 Shoulder Gap Decrease 6 2 Palo Verde-l' Guide Tube Growth '7 3 3 Palo Verde-1 funl~ Rod Growth 8 I. i4-. , B-
.- r F %
~I'.' ~
i t.-
]
i- -
= 1.0 INTRODUCT10N This report documents fuel examinations conducted during the End of-Cycle 3 refueling outage at Palo Verde Nucicar Generating Station Unit 1. The inspections were performed to fulfill examination requirements specified by the Palo Verde 1 operating license. The inspections performed were dimensional measurements to characterize ;
.. fuel rod and assembly growth. A total of 10 fuel assemblies were i i
inspected. r
.IA El
., -- 4 - , . - < ~ . , , - A ,, a -4 ~ , .. Ja k.e . . . - . . . , - - . ' A '. - .- J
2.0 I UfL ASSlMBl Y DIMll1510f4Al. CHAf4CI: LVALUA110ft
'luel rod shoulder gap (dist ance between the top of the fuel rods and the bottom of the upper end fitting) and guide tube length measurements were made at palo Verde-1 during the [0C-3 outage. A tot al of ten fuel assemblies were measured; seven Batch C, two hatch D, and one Batch I. The specific fuel assemblies inspected are identified in lable 1. The shoulder gap of peripheral fuel rods on the four f aces of each fuel assembly was measured optically using a periscope, while each of the feur outer guide tubes was measured using the guide-tube length measurem?nt tool.
2.1 Shoulder Gap Design Basis The design of palo Verde-1 fuel assemblies, relative to the accommodation of fuel rod and assembly growth without interference between the top of the rods and the upper end fitting flow plate, was based on conservative assumptions and predictions. These assumptions ( are:
- 1. lhe minimum shoulder gap at beginning of life accounted for component dimensional tolerances, elastic compression of guide tubes, and differential thermal expansion between the fuel rods and guide tubes.
- 2. The guide tube growth prediction was based on the lower 95% value calculated using the methods described in Reference 1.
3.fuelrodgrowthwaspredictedtobe[ ] inches of growth per unit , of fluence (nvt x 1021). This growth rate predicts more growth than the upper 95% limit f or the distribution of Hatch C rods from Af10 - 2. These data represent the highest observed growth rate of any fuel examined by CE (Reference 2). 2
l Table 1 i Palo Verde-1 Fuel Assemblies inspectedII) at E00-3 l Ilumber of Cycle 3 EOC-3 Assembly Assembly
- Cycles Discharged Core Avg._ Uurnup
^
Serial flumlttt kr3Ahted P_[p H jgatio.a (GWd/ELl!1 C002(2) 3 x J7 42.1 C00S(2) 3 x J15 -42.3 C017(2) 3 x Gil 41.0 CO25(2) 3 x E13 39.8-
-C039(2)- 3 x R9 42.3 000l*(2)~ 2 fl1 34.4 0002*(2) 2 G13- 34.3 P20027 3 x C9 42.3 P20028 3 x J3 42.3-E312* 1 M9 24.7- 1(
+ -Serial numbers prefixed by P1 unless_otherwise noted.
- Characterized fuel -assembly.
.- II) Peripheral fuel rod shoulder gap ;and guide _ tube length measurements.
L! :I2) Assemblies p'reviously. measured at E0C-ljand/or EOC_-2.- l 3
, . . - - . - - , -- ,,,,a- - -
J
following Cycles I and 2, measurements and' evaluations were parformed _ , to determine the availability of shoulder gap clearance for fuel assemblies that would be irradiated in Cycle 3 for a' third cycle. These evaluations were reported in References 3 and 4. The conclusions developed by these evaluations were:
- 1. fuel rod growth in palo Verde assemblics is less than the growth
+- predicted by the model used to determine design limits for shoulder gap.
- 2. Guide tube growth is greater than the lower 95% predicted growth that was used to determine the design limits for shoulder gap.
- 3. Adequate shoulder gap margin is available in Palo Verde assemblies, designed for irradiation through 3 cycles, to permit their irradiation in Cycle 3.
Examinations of fuel assemblies were performed after Cycle 3 to
~
d characterize shoulder gap and confirm the evaluation and predictions made after Cycle 2. 2.2 Dimensional Change Data The individual shoulder gap measurements arn tabulated in Appendix A,- Tables A-1 through A-10, abr.g with a table oE the length change for. each measured guide tube, Table et-il. For.each shoulder gap measured, the tabulation in' Appendix A also cor.tains.the initial. shoulder gap (measured value if available, otherwise ~the nominal value from the=
-design drawings), tho' resulting shoulder gap. change (initial garr-00C-3 gap), the . inferred fuel. rod growth L(shoulder gap change plus guide tube growth), fuel rod growth strain (fuel rod growth /nomin'al
. BOL rod length),- and tha fuel rod's axial ' average fast fluence! Guide..
tube information (average growth and average fluence) is iacluded at - the bottom of each fce) d ssembly's shoulder gap tabulation. The shoulder gap change dats., guide tub- growth data, and fuel rod growth - y L _
t data are_ plotted relative to the appropriate fast fluence in figures -{ 1, 2, and 3. respectively. Also plotted on these figures are data +
~
' obtained from the measurement of palo Verde-1 fuel assemblies i inspected during previous outages (Peferences 3 and 4).
I 2.3 Shoulder Gap Evaluation Guide tube length change data are shown in figure 2 along with the l limiting (lower 95% and upper 95%) length change predictions resulting from the method described in iteference (1), ~1he figure shows that the measured growth data continue to be greater than the lower 95% predicted growth. Therefore, it is concluded that the model used to. predict guide tube length change is conservative when predicting limiting shoulder gap changes. fuel rod growth data are shown in figure 3 along with the gtowth prediction tabn from the ANO 2 Batch C data ~ 9 TP' figure shows that the higher fluence data are all below q the design basis, in addition, the data continue to' indicate increased margin at higher fluences. Therefore, it is conservative' to use the fuel rod growth model when predicting limiting shoulder gap changes. The predictive models for guide tube growth and-fuel-rod growth have been shown to be conservative relative to the palo Verde-IL data.-
;. The shoulder gap provided in _ assemblies designed for 3 cycles of, operation-was sufficient so that operation to an assembly average -
burnup of _42.3 CWd/H10 did not result in closurc~ of any fuel rod' shoulder gap. l s 5 l i- . _ n
JJl;ilflil1 4! I . E ,!1 S li ! A - ? 0 E 1 R C A I 9 T A E D D ! 8 3 C C P ) ve E A I 7 M 7 G 2 1 3 8 RDN I 6 > E, EA 2 A T m /- 1 E D2 . c D
/n 2 R
L G L1 , I 5 ( - T I F UCC - 1 C O OE 1 4 2 E E HTA X a S E C
)
3 N 1 E U L A E F T A D ! 2 D R 1 C E ) 1 O E V
- +
O O L A ;L -l r ! _ l f6'Ii - m - - fFlN ir- -. P 5 1 t 3 2 3 0 9 8 7 1 6 5 4 0 0 O 0 O 0 0 0 O 3 2 1
^ 5 un<uzouU c.5' $ Cd'9 5 i
o llll!l t i!l!lI lllll.ll i!itI '\ll, jll lliIfil
lI lll1!I I
' I H _ ' 0 T
1 W ' 9 A T O A D R 3 G ' 8
) O C
V E E M e B ' 7 1 V U 2 8 T3D ' 6 O N E AT EA ' mD A D2 2 . E ' 5 c 2 N R U I 1
/ -
n G I F U-C ( C O GE O T 4 2 E 1 E 1 A X. . a 3 E C N D E U A R ' 2 L T F A D E 1 V
' 1 C O
O L E 0 +
. A -
, P - - - _ 6 5 4 3 2 1_ O O O 0-0 0 O ndv1WW@o uO3 rug 3O
~
l: 1 ,
- O !
[ -
. H
~
oi f ..c'F<t . e' O eq
- to b Q pw O
v Q - n 2p O a m n. O _ - m- A Z W q
~
-& , g <i m N dO
. ta . r
*
- 10 ,h .N C
$ 1 d
.2 m N O o: - m" .O w W _ y i M p W
<t X 4 d d --
.g _
n- gg g B << t' y- 4 o _q _ N.
./ e i
u. O- _ .,_ .O' w , :3
- n
{ -l 4
. m -
o I i 1 i i l i l 1 1 l 'I 1 .I
~' to : 9. eq N .- 'O. ci. co . N to tn 9- 'm N- r- =0
- d. J J J J'dd dd d d ded-6 6-Id
'i>!' HIMOtlO Got! 'l30.-l 8'
b ..
, 3.0 SUMMAltY AND CONCLUSIONS
. Dimensional measurements of peripheral fuel rod shoulder gap and guide tube length were performed on 10 Palo Verde 1 fuel assemblies following Cycle 3. fuel rod growth data, determined from the measurements, indicates that the growth of fuel rods to a fluence of
-9.5x10 21 n/cm2 (DO.821 MeV) is less than the growth predicted by the model used to determine design limits for shoulder gap. in addition, the trend of the data is for increased margin between rod growth and the design basis with increasing fluence. Guide tube length
.. . measurements indicate that the measured assemblics grew from( to
( ) inches during three cycles o' exposure with average guide tube fluences up to 8.18x10 21 n/cm240>0.821 - MeV) and assembly average burnups up to 42.3 GWd/MlU. The measured guide tube growth is greater-than the lower 95% predicted growth that was. used to determine . design limits for shoulder gap. Based on the fuel assembly dimensional measurements performed at LOC 3,. the predictive models for guide tube and fuel rod growth have been shown to be conservative for palo Verde-1 assemblies. As. a result, ' adequate margin for shoulder gap reduction has been demonstrated for fuel assemblies designated for operation'in Palo Verde to assembly average burnups of 44 GWd/M1U.
?
9 24 9 3y-y' -. , = ,
,+ y v
- 4 e
4.0 REFERENCES
(1) CENPD 269-P, Rev.1-P, " Extended Burnup Operation of Lombustion . Engineering PWR fuel",. issued July, 1984. 4: (2) CEN-309 (A)-P, " Arkansas Nuclear One, Unit 2 Cycle 5 Shoulder Gap Evaluation", itaued July, 1985. (3) CEppsn.4:5.P,"PaloVerdeNuclearGeneratingStati$nUnit1,. End-of Cycle 1 fuel' Examination' Report, issued December,1987.
~
(4) CEN-390(V)-P, "Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station Unit 1 Cnd of Cycle 2 fuel Examination Report", issued October, 1989. 3 h l .- l p 10: u
. . m ,
API'[flulX A l'31dfnie 101010 Lyel Ancehly DirensiprtalJhange jlq13 1 NOTE: fuel rod growth strains were calculated using nominal BOL rod length. 4 A-1
tav er: A-1
' Atif MSLY LtalOL WG l'10002.-
f All 8 - 0 IAC(1 90 (OC+3: (OC.3 - LAP pto CRWIN 80C 3 (OC 3 CAP tte caw 1H 80t. CAP flut NCt* $N. GAP CL O%*C GkW1H $1&AIN dol CAP flute ((e $N. CAP CLOSURI CRWig ' g{gAlg DO (In.) (n/sq.u ) (In.) (in.) ( t r.. ) (13 km (In.) (#Vsq.cm) (In.) (in.) (in.) (%)
........seese.........me... ..........se ....seeeeeeeeeeeene me.....se... se .... seeeeeeeee se. . eeeeee mase ....... se
~
1 'F.382 9.278 1 2.382 ' T.592 2 2.382 Y.295 2 2.362 T 821 3 2.382 9.326 3 2.382 8.0% 4 2.182 9.323 4 2.382 8,249-
$ 2.382 9.312 $ 2.382 8.419 6 2,382 9.303 6 2.382 8.574 T 2.382 9.296 1 2.382 8.T13 8 2.382 9.282 8 2,382 8.851 9 2.382 9.291 ) 9 2.382 -- 8,914 to 2,382 9.281 10 2.382- 9.013 11 2.3n2 9.260 11 2.382 - 9,098 12 2.382. 9.240 12 2.382 .9.1/8 l 13 2.382 9.220 . 13 2.382 9.246- -
14 2.382 v.192' 14 -2.382 9.289 1$ 2.382 9.130 .15 2,182 9.286 - 16 2.382 9.082 l 16 2.382 9.218 Facts 180 fAtt 270' 00C.3 10C 3 CAP RW CRWIN (0C.3 [OC*3 CAP WW CROWIN - 160L CAP FLtRNC[e $H. (.AP CLOGURL LRWIN $lRAIN BOL CAP fttENCt* $H. CAP C(OGURC CROWlH - $1 RAIN-R00 (in.) (n/sq.cm) (In.) (In.) (In.) (%) POD (In.) (n/sq.ce) (in ) (In.) (In.) (%) .
. .... ..... o................................en......ceae ........................................... es............ .
~
I 2.382 7.481
+
1 2.382 9.082 2 2.382 F.534 2 2.382 9.07t, 3 2.352 - 7.590 3 2.382 9.064
,(
4- 2.382 F.614 - 4- 2.382 9.010, 5; 2.382 7.629 5 2.382 8.937_' i 6 2.382 7.644 6- 2.382 ' 8.856 7 2.382 T.661 7 2.382 ' !8.T72 ' 8 2.382 7.670 8 2.382' 8.677 ; 9 2.382 7.630 9 2.382- 8.625 10 2.382 .T.639 to 2.382 . 8.499-11 2.382 7.640- 11 2.382 8 360 12 - 2.382 - F.644 -12 2.382 8.217-3 13 2.382 7.652 13 2.38t 8.065 - 14 2.382 7.653 14 2.382 T.894 - 15 2.382 7.621 15 - ,.. 2.382 ~ T.684 '
- 16 2.382 - =7.592 16 2.382 1.481
- 1) NDHINAL BOL. $HOULDER CAP. 2.382 in
- 2) 00C 3 AVG CUIDE TUBE LROWlHe - hin.
- 3) toc-3 AVG cul0E fust flutNcte. 8.095 *1E21,n/sq.cm.
l4) AVERACC DOL ROD ((NGTHe 161.168 ln.
- flufNCE C e 0.821 Nev, X1E 21. -
g- _ o u A-2 L
ga &n..A. 4-4* a--- 4 4-e labic A-2 i A$stMcLT $ltlAL NO P1 CODS fart: 0 (Atts- 90 i t- (OC*) (DC.3 CAP R(D . CROWIN EUC.) ( OC* 3 _ . GAP ' koD g.nagg y COL CAP ftUlNCl' $N. CAP CLD$Ukf CROWIN '$1 RAIN 00L CAP ftO[ktt. $N. CAP CLOSURC CR WIN gggggy - a Pau (In.) (n/sq.ca) (In.) (In.) . tin.) (t) R(D (in.) (rV6q. cal Ltin.). (In.) (In.) <x)
................e............................,.........,.. ......................................................... .
n -t 2.382 T,$0F t T.382 9.445 !
- 2. 2.382 [.532 2 2.382 - 9.426 ~[
,3 2.382 T.561 3 2.382 9.404 4 2.382 T.559 4 2 382 9.33T .;
5 2.382 T.554 5 2.382 9.24T 6 2.382 T.553 6 2.382 9.144 , T 2.382 T.558 T 2.382 9.035 l 8 2.382 T.555 8 2.382 8.908 . 9 2.382 T.536 9 2.382 8.916 3 10 2.382 T 541 to 2.382 8.747 11 2.382 T.537 11 2.382 8.573 . 12 2.382 T.537 12 2.3P2 ~ 8.398 j 13 2.382 T.542 13 2.382 8.210 1j
,;. 14 2.382 -2.543' 14 2.382 T.979 15 2.382 T 514 15 2.382 T.749 16 2.382 T.489 16 2.382 T.507.
-(
(Atta 180 (Atts 270 , toc *3 C00 3 CAP R(D CROWIN LOC *3 10C+3 CAP . RCD CROWIN DOL CAP flutNCt* $H. CAP CLOSURL, CROW 1H $1 RAIN 90L CAP ftUCNCL' $N. CAP .ClosVRt CROWTH. $1 RAIN WOD (In.) (rVsq.cm) (in.) (in.) (in.) (X) #CO (In.) ' (rV6q.cm) . (In.) ? (in.) (in.) _ (%) 1 2.382 9.426 1 2.382 T.489 2 2.382 9.454 2 2.382 T.731 3 2.382. 9.493 3 2.382 T.980 4 -2.382 ~9.498 4 2.382 : 8.191 (. 5 2.382 9.489 5- 2.382 ' 8.378 6 2.382 9.480 6- 2.382. 8.552 7 2.382 9.481 7 2.382 8.725 8 :2.382- 9.480 8 2.382 8.890 9 2.382 9.500 9 2.382 8.883 10 2.382 9.500, 10 2.382 9.013 11 - 2.382 9.498 11. 2.382 9.123 12 2.382 9.507.- 12 - 2.382- '9.226 13 - 2.382 -9.516 13 -2.382 9.31T 14 2.382 9.512 14 2.382 .9.384 15 2.382 9.4 72 - 15 2.382- 9.407 2.382 9.445 16- 2.382 :9.426
- 1) NOMINAL BOL, SHWt0CR CAP. 2.382 in.
- 2) [0C-3 AVG WlDC TUDC CROWIN. C .' ]Irg.
_ 3) toc *3 AVG GUIDE TUDE fLtitWCE. 8.180 X1021.tvsq.cm.
- 4) AVERAGC BOL ROD (CNCIN. '
-161.1f.8 in.
.* ftOLNCC ( > 0.821 Mev, Mit.21 (
9~ , 4 A ' r
l'
~
- [ .
'A$$tHStY $ TRIAL NO PIC017
?
._ facts .,0 . fact 90 toc 3 t oC 3 CAP R00 capufM toc.3 toc.3 (M'. ~ Rtc - LRoulH- ~!
BOL O'# (UXNCL* $N. CAP CtOsual ca%it u $1 RAIN 00L CAP flutNCC' $N. CAP ClotuRC CRoufW $1 RAIN I e ?J (In.) (4/sq.ca) (In.) (In.) (Le.) (1) Rum (In.) .(4/6q.cm) (In.) (In.) - . ({n.) .(%) n u u .n u n u no.u.u u u u.u . ..un... u ,, .u. u u um . u u u.u u u u u u.u u.u...u u. u u u u u u u...u...o 1 2.382 9.460 ' l 2,382 8.781 2 2.382 9.444 2 2.382 8.470
.3 2.382 9.429 3 2.382 8.656 i 4- 2.382 9.370 4 -2.382 8.794 '
5 2.382 9.291 5 2.382 8.909 ; 6 2.382 9.206 6 2.382 9.013 i 7 2.382 9.119 T 2.382 9.115 4 8 2.352 9.021 8 2.382- - 9.203 l 9 2.382 8.971', 9. -2.382 9.231 [
*- 10 2.382 8.840. 10 2.382- 9.289 it 2.382 4 - 8.690 11 2.382 9.335 I 12 2.382 8.553 12 2.382 9.386 ; {
13 2.382 , 8.396 13 2.382' .9.433 .l 14 2.382 8.216 14 2.382- 9.464 15 2.382 ' 7.908 15 2.382 9.458 16 2.382 7.7M a 16 2.382 ,9.460 4 FAtt: 180 ( ACC: - 270 (OC+3 t0C+3 CAP RUD .CROWTH (DC*3 - (OC+3 CAP ROD _ CRWIH BOL CAP litKNCE* $H. CAP CLOSURC - GROWN $1kAIN BOL CAP (LUENCE* - $N. CAP CLOSURI CROVIH.151 RAIN RCD (In.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (in.) (In.) (%) Rc0 -(In.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) . (In.)- (In.) (E)1 ,(,
==mu.........en........== ==ussen sa.. cre anne ens en=== ====numeu========u=================e============-
1 2.382 7.161 1 2.382 7.785 - 2 2.382 7.251 2 2.382 7.790 3 2.382 7.349 3 2.382 7.799 4 2.382 7.418 4 -2.382 7.T/4
$ 2.382 7.4 79 5 2.382l T.740 1 6 2.382 7.543 ~6- 2.382 7.707 7 2.382 7.613 <7 - 2.382 7.676-8 2.382 7.681 - 8~ ' 2.382 . '7.635 9 2.382 7.708 ~ 2.382 7.624 10 2.382 7.776 :10- . 2.382 7.581.
11 2.382 7.844 11- 2.382- 7.528 I 12 2.382-- 7.925 12 2.382- --7.475 13 2.382 8.020 13 2.382 7.421
- 14 2.382 8.120 14 2.382 ' 7.354' 15 2.382 8.194 15 2.382- 7.255 . -l
~
-2.382- 8.281 '
>16 1 2.382 7.161 . . . -
~
+
- 1) NthlNAL BOL SHOULDER CAPS. '2.382 in. . .
;2) EOC.3 Avc Cutot tunt cR0wiH.. -- [ 1)in.-
< 3) Fot-3 AVG CutDE lunt flurNCE* 7.880 X1t21.rvaq.cm.
I{ ~ 4) AVERACE BOL RUD 'L[NGTHe 161.168 in. I I4i_ L* ftU(NCE E > 0.821 HeV/ X1t.21.- l. A-4 r-
- a. /~ . . -aa1 . _ . +_,,_. . . , ,
Attt MGli M RI AL NO P10025 I Att : 0 (Act: 90 toc-3 t oc 3 c.AP no CaWIM tot 3 (UC 3 CAP kro CRoutH GOL. CAP ttlilNCt* $H. CAP (LOSUR[ CRWT H $1 RAIN BOL CAP lith aitt
- 5H. CAP CLOSURE CRWlH $1 RAIN l*(1) (in.) (n/sq.c m) (In.) (in.) (in.) (%) R(0 (in.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (In.) (In.) (t)
..............-........... 4................................. ..........................................................,.
1 2.382 6.178 1 2.382 7.977 2 2.382 6.300 2 2.361 7.856 3 2.382 6.425 3 2.382 7.721
- 4 2.382 6.526 4 2.382 7.562 5 2.382 6.627 5 2.382 7.410 6 2.382 6.736 6 2.382 7.271
, 7 2.382 6.849 ' 7 2.382 7.143 8 2.382 6.961 ! B 2.182 7.018 9 2.382 7.020 9 2.382 6.960 10 2.382 7.144 i 10 2.382 6.848 11 2.382 7.272 11 2.382 6.735 12 2.382 7.411 12 2.382 6.627 11 2.382 7.563 13 2.382 6.$26 14 2.382 7.722 14 2.382 6.425 15 2.382 7.857 15 2.382 6.3 60 16 2.382 7.998 .+ .
16 2.382 6.178 - a FACE: 180 (ACE: 270 EOC 3 Loc-3 CAP ROD CRWlH [OC+3 [OC+3 CAP ROD CROWTH I BOL CAP FLUENCL* KH. CAP C L D.'
- t CRW1H 5'. RAIN 00L CAP fitftNCE* $H. CAP CLOSURE CROWTH $1 RAIN k00 (In.) (n/sq.cm) tin.) (in.) (in.) (%) Roo (in.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (in.) (In.) (%)
u ..u ..n.. = = =. u n. .n u n u.... n ..n.o n n n u o u .n u.u...n o..u n......u n.o n o. .n.- -....n... 1 2.382 9.508 1 2.382 T.998 2 2.382 9.485 2 2.382 8.168 3 2.382 9.468 3 2.382 8.382 4 2.382 9.410 l 4 2.382 8.536 5 2.382 9.336 5 2.382 8.670 6 2.382 9.257 6 2.382 8.797 7 2.382 9.182 7 2.382 8.926 8 2.382 9.093 8 2.382 9.045 9 2.382 9.045 9 2.382 9.093 to 2.3 82 8.926 to 2.382 9.182 11 2.382 8.796 11 2.382 9.258 12 2.382 8.669 12 2.382 9.337 13 2.382 8.535 13 2.382 9.411 ! 14 2.382 8.380 14 2.382 9.468 15 2.352 8.186 15 2.382 9.486 16 2.332 7,977 16 2.382 9.508 ~ i
~
~.
- 1) NOMINAt, D01. $HOULDER CAP. 2.3a2 in.
- 2) [0C-3 AVG CulDE Iulit CRWTH.
- 3) f0C 3 AVG GUIDE TUSE flOENC(=
( in. 1.585 31(21,n/sq.cm.
- 4) AVERAGE 80L Roo LtNGTHs 161.168 in.
- flVENCE E , 0.821 Mev, 11t-21.
A-5
AS$(HBtY $tal AL ho P10019 0 0 IACft 0 (Att 90 (OC-3 (OC.3 (.AP KD ORWI N I OC 3 IOC 3 LAP l'(D CRW)g COL LAP f(U(NCt
- SH. GAP CL L AIRt CRWIN $IRAIN 00L CAP flO(NCl* $N. CAP ((OMEL r.Rwt g gggggy RCD (in.) (n/sq.ca) (in.) (In.) (in.) (%) RCO (in.) (n/ sq.ua) (in.) (in.) (in,) ggy
.........................g................................. ..........................n ................... ............
~
I 2.382 9.445 1 2.382 9.426 2 2.382 9.476 2 2.382 9.454 3 2.382 9.404 3 2.38? 9.493 4 2.3b2 9.33F 4 2.382 d.498 5 2.352 9.247 5 2.382 9.489 6 2.382 9.144 6 2.382 9.480 7 2.382 9.01) F 2.382 9.481 8 2.382 8.908 8 2.382 9.480 9 2.382 8.916 i 9 2.382 9.500 10 2.382 8.747 l 10 2.382 9.500
- 11 2.382 8.573 11 2.38? 9.498 12 2.182 8.398 12 2.382 9.507 13 2.382 8.210 13 2.382 9.516 14 4 2.382 7.9Y9 14 2.382 9.512 15 2.382 7.749 15 2.382 9.472 16 2.382 7.507 16 2.382 9.445
- -, a 1 1
(Acts 180 # ACE: 270 LOC 3 IOC 3 CAP RCD GRN1 H (OC 3 (OC 3 GAP ROD GRWIN COL (.AP ILUCNCE' SH. CAP CLO50RC LRWi k $1 RAIN BOL CAP flUCNCl* $N. LAP CLOSUPC CRWT H $1 RAIN MD (in.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (in.) ({n.) (%) RCO (In.) (n/sq.cm) (In.) (in.) (In.) (%) 1 ,2.382 7.489 1 2.382 7.507 2 2.382 7.731 2 2.382 7.532 3 2.382 7.900 3 2.382 7.561 4 2.382 8.191 4 2.382 7.559 - Il 5 2.382 8.378 5 2.38) 7.554 6 2.382 8.552 6 2.382 7.553 7 2.382 8.725 7 2.382 7.558 ! 8 2.382 8.890 8 2.382 7.555 9 2.382 8.883 9 2.382 7.536 10 2.382 9.013 to 2.382 7.541 11 2.382 9.123 11 2.382 7.537 ! 12 2.382 9.226 12 2.382 7.537 13 2.382 9.317 13 2.382 7.542 14 2.382 9.384 14 2.382 7.543 15 2.382 9.407 15 2.382 7.514 16 2.382 9.426 e 16 2.382 7.489
- 1) N(MINAL SQL SHillLDCR CAP. 2.382 in.
- 2) LOC 3 AVG CUIDE 1UDC CROW 1H. . . in.
- 3) LOC 3 AVG GUl0E IUSC flVENCE. 8.180 X1[21,n/sq.cm.
- 4) AVC?. ACE 00L R00 ((NC1H. 161.168 in.
* (LtfLNCE E 0.821 Mev, XIC 21.
r A-6
c.s5tnoty ste:At wo nco77 Teble A-6 4 l (Act 0 f Art s 90 (OC 3 (OC 3 CAP 900 LAWIN (OC 3 loca3 6AP 400 Cawt M DOL CAP fluthCt* $N. # el0 stat LRWIN $1RAlN DOL CAP fitMNCl* $N. 6AP CLOLiaRC CRwig gtgAlu 400 (in.) (rV69.sm) (In.) (In.) (in.) (%) POD (In.) (6/sq se) (In.) (in.) (in.) (2)
...........................s................................
Y ........e6........................*....e....................~
~
T 1 2.382 f.489 1 2.382 T.507 ' ! 2 2.382 T.731 l 2 2.382 '/.532 3 2.382 T.900 3 2.382 7.561 4 2.382 8.191 4 2.382 T.559 5 2.382 8.378 5 2.3M T.554 ; 6 2.3&2 8.557 6 2.382 7.553 7 2.382 8.T25 ' T 2.3M T.558 8 2.382 8.890 8 2.382 T.$55 9 2.382 8.883 9 2.382 T.536 to 2.382 9.013 ' 10 2.382 7.541 11 2.382 9.123 11 2.382 T.537 12 2.382 v.226 12 2.382 7.537 13 2.382 9.317 a 13 2.382 7.542
, 14 2.382 9.384 ' i 14 2.382 T.543 15 2.382 9.407 '
15 2.382 7.514 16 2.382 9.426 - . . . . 16 2,382 7.489 FACE: 180 fACC: 270 COC 3 (OC 3 CAP 200 GROWIM COC 3 10C 3 LAP RG). CRW1H BOL GAP flutNCte $N. CAP CLOSURL GROVIN STRAIN BOL, CAP flV[NC[e $N. GAP CLOSURC CROWTH $! RAIN R00 (In.) (n/s.q.cm) (In.) (In.) (In.) (1) ROD (in.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (In.)- (In.)' (%)
.u....n....n...n.n.n......n...............n..n... ...n.....n... ..n ... .n.w.n.....n..n u.....n....
1 2.382 9.445 l 1 2.382 9.426 e 2 2.382 9.426 1 2 2.382 9.454 3 2.382 9.404 3 2.37.2 9.493-l 4 2.182 9.337 1 4 2.382 9.498 . k 3 2.382 9.247 5 2.382 9.489 6 2.382 9.144 6 2.382 9.480 - l 7 2.382 9.035 7 2.382 9.481 8 2.382 8.908 8 2.302 - 9.480 9 2.382 8.916 9 2.382 9.500 10 2.382 8.747 10 2.382 ~ 9.500 11 2.382 .8.573 11 ' 2.382 - 9.498 12 2.302 S.396 12 2.382 -9.507
. 13 2.332 8.210 13 2.382 9.516 ; 14 2.382 7.%9 14 2.382 ~
9.512' 15 2.382 7.T49 15- 2.382 . 9.472 16 2.382 7.507 16 ' . 2.382 9.445 j
- 1) WOMINAL DOL $H00tDfR CAP. 2.382 in
- 2) (OC-3 AVG Cult >E 1U0C GROWlH* in.
- 3) toc 3 AVG CulDC YU0C flutNCE. 6.18 X1[21,rVsq.cm.
- 4) AVCRAGE But R00 LINGTHs ~ 161.168 in,
- ftVENCE C > 0.821 McV, X10 21.
- A-T a
A%51MstY 1.EplAt N0 f*2LO?8 Tat:1e A-7 ( AM 0 I Af t 90 100 3 40C.3 LAP RUD CRWlH (OC.3 10C 3 LAP A00 CR(ul H I40L CAP f(U(N(l* SH CAP (tu.URt
. LkWI N $1RAlW BOL GAP lllN NCl* $N. CAP CLOSUPL 6RWIN $1 RAIN
*(c (In.) (rvsq.tm) (in.) (In.) (In.) (1) (ln.)
......................... n.............e...................
Rio (in.) (#Vsq.gn) (In.) (In.) (1) 1 7.362 9.4?6
...........es................se..........s..................
I ^ 4 1 F.381 7.489 7 2.382 U.4%4 l ? 7.382 1.131 3 P.381 9.493 3 2.3M2 7.VB0 4 2.382 9.498 4 ?.3n2 8.191 5 1.35/ 9.489 $ ?.382 8.318 6 2.352 9.4h0 6 ?.38? 8.552 1 ?.3B2 9.481 7 ?.38. 8.775 8 2. 3 n2 9.480 8 7.352 8.8V0 9 2.362 9.500 9 /.362 8.8M3 10 2.382 9.500 10 ?.382 9.083
- 11 ?.382 9.498 11 2.387 9.173 12 2.3h2 9.507 I? 2.387 9.?26 13 2.382 9.516 Il 2.3S? 9.317 14 ?.382 9.512' 14 ?.382 9.384 15 2.382 9.4 72 15 ?.387 9.407 16 2.352 9.445 16 7.382 9.4?6 (ACC: 180 fAtt 270 (oc-3 (tr.3 GAP kru tR(u1H (oC.3 (oc.3 CAP Roo cRWin DOL (.AP flO(NCL' $H. CAP Clu'.Uk( LRNIH $1 RAIN DOL CAP lLUlNCt* $H. CAP Ct0 TOR (' CRfWiH $1 RAIN 14 0 (in.) (rvsqa m) (In.) ( I n. ) (in.) (1) R(o (In.) (n/sqa m) (in.) (In.) (In.) (1)
....... 4...................................................
1 2.387 7.507 ', 1 2.382 9.445 * 2 2.382 7.532 2 2.382 9.4?6 3- ?.382 7.561 2.382 3 9.404 4 2.382 7.559 4 2.387 9.337 5 2.382 7.554 5 2.382 9.247 6 ?.382 7.553 6 2.382 9.144 7 2.3B2 7.558 7 2.382 9.035 8 2.3M 7.555 8 ?.382 8.908 9 2.382 7.536 9 2.382 8.916 10 2.382 7.541 In 2.382 8.747 11 2. 3N 1.537 11 2.382 8.5 73 12 2.3M 7.537 17 2.382 8.398 13 2.382 7.542 13 2.382 8.?10 14 2.382 7.543 14 ?.332 7.999 15 2.382 7.514 15 2.382 7.749 16 2.382 7.489 16 2.382 7.507
- 1) NuMINAL 000 LHOULD(R CAPS 2.382 in
?) LOC 3 AVG UUIDC TUBE GROWTH. .
<n.
- 3) IOC.3 AVG (UIDE luut flutNCE* 8.1 X1E21,fdsq.tm.
- 4) AV[RAGf 00L RCO (f NGihm 161.168 In.
ILutNCI' E
- 0.821 Mev, Irlt.?1.
9 A-8
f ASSE"4LT SERIA( NO+ .P1000lj 0 4 _ lfACC ? iO FACE: . 90 i
, . EOC 3 0 [0C 3 , . ! CAP ..
- pot CAP flutWCE* f- $N. CAPI CLOSURC - CROW 1H; - $IRAIN
- - ROD -- l GROVIN - f0C 3 ( (OC 3 -6AP1 .
4 800 i {-CROWTN
-[
BOL CAP'flufNc(*: $N.' CAP. CLOSURE-_CROWINll$1 RAIN ~ [ (In.) (n/u..cm>-(in,)- -(In.)t -(In. L
~
? aco -t (*)- ROD (in.) (nhq.cm). . (in.) l - (In+)~ _ ! (In.) : -(2t:
- enunn..un nnen_u.a.n..uu.un nmn.un,an.
, , s m uu n m a nnu.o..n=== = m m m aw ucn.nn.. "
_ ,1} .' 2_.4 74 l- 6 468 1 2.440 : 6.803 4 >7 2- 2.469 6.491 2 12.449 -6.864 i 3 .- 2.443 - 6.524 3 2.442 6.938 _ i
^4L 2.450 6.509 4 2.458 6.963 .
5 2.469 6.478 5 2.445 6.973 . 6 2.440 6.442 6 . 2.452 6.979 I, 7 2,4 72 6.406 7 2.411. 6.V84
*' 2.469 6.362 8 2.449 6.980
+ 2.452 6.303 ! 9 2.449 .6.948 I
10 2.426 6.222 - 10 -2.451" .~6.908
+
11 2.466 6.131 11 2.438 -6.861 --; 12 2.461 6.037 12 2.442 ._6.813 13 7.472 - 5.938 13 -2.466e 6.760- ,
' 14 2.455 5.823 ' 14 2.470 6.690 Oh' 2.465 5.663
+'
15 15 -2.470 6.574-
-16 2.432 5.505 16 2.474'- 6.466
. .> -- .n .
1, FACET 180 tacet 770 LOC.3 COC*3 ' CAP' RW GROW 1H EOC+3- ,E0c-3 . CAP RCO --CROWiH BOL CAP i' LUC 4CE* $H, CAP CLOSURE CROWTH STRAIN . BOL CAP FLUENCE
- SH. CAP ' CLOSURE ~ CROWTH ' SIRAIN =
(in.) - (n/sq.cm)' ' (In.) ! ' (In.) - [(In.) - '^
' ROD (In.) (n/sq.cm) (in.)- (In.).
(In.) - (x) Rao (%)b.
= ==..= w ..-u= m .ugm = === = = === =u.=mg. u m n--. ... u n ar = ===2 = == ==== = .= = == = =
'1 2.442 -- 6.381 1 2.4621 5.505
- 12. 2.442 -6.505. 2- 2.454-' 5.615.
' '3- 2.420 c6.632 -3 '2.449 5.738 1 s s 4 2.428 6.710 4 :2.467- ~5,822- [$
' ?l 5 2.438 6. 7 73 - 5 2.439 5.099 .
6 2.410 . 6.829 6 '2.429- 5 .9 74 7 2.425 6.884' 7 2.438 '6.048 8 2.431 6.931- 8 2.439 6.116 ;
-9 2.432 6.965 9 -2.433 6.176
'10 2.420 6.981 -10 2.412 6.222~
' 11 2.404 6.983 - -11 2.433 c6.264-
. 12 2.434 - 6.981- - '2.458 6.307-
, 13 _ 2.431 6.973 13 . 2,458 ' 06.348 , 14 2.4u1 .6.949' 14- 12.446 T6.379= , a ' 15 -
?2.438 6.874 15 2.464 . 6.371:
.16 ' ' .2.440 6.803. 2,442 c 16 6.381 - -
y - 1)' NOMINAL SOL $HOULDER CAPS. CHARACTERIZED.
- 2) Eoc 3 Avc cut 0E TuaE cROWTH=.
- 3) EDC 3 AVG Cul0C TUBE TLUCNCE=_
(-l]In. 6.24 X1E21.n/sq.cm.
- 4) AVERAGE BOL R00 LENGTH. '161.148'In.
-
- FLUENCE E .* 0.821 Hev. ' x1E+21 .
q; Y: - ,
- x. ,
{^3 A-9 3, . -j b Y 3 .s , , ..#- jg 3 p 3 p' ? w , 9 g L e [ -e' - w [ ~
a p 4 A$$(MBLY LERIAL WO 'P10002 b-TACE: 0 -IACE: .90
~
~
( OC + 3 . [OCa3 ' CAP R00 CROWTH -f0C.3 (oC 3 CAP.- _ ; Ra0 - CRouH
, 80t LAP fLLKWCt* 'tN. CAP CLOWRC GROWIN ~ $IRAlW BOL f.AP ILLKNCC' $N. CAP Cl M E .CROWIH'- stRAgg ROD ( Iri. ) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (In. ) ' (In.) (1) Rio (in.) (rVsq.cm) (in.) _
(In.)' (In.) -(t)
. u .... uu.un .nu n. . . u n n . . u u. .u.. n u n.n u.u .u...uun..uunnon2.uunanuu..u.uu.uuu.u .-_-1 2.446 6.371 ' i 1 - 2.420- 6.758 2 2.428 6.359 2 - 2.42/l 6.826 3 2.400 6.367 3 2.413 6.900 4 2.420 6.334 4. 2.418 6.924 5 2.435 6.293 5 2.405 6.935 6 2.390 6.249 6 2.382 4.939 7 2.430 6.206 7 2.403 6.940 8 2.432 6.15 7 8 2.420 : 6.928 9 2.435 6.100 9 2.396 = 6.895 10 2.392 6.033 to 2.412 A.854 - 's 11 2.435 5.960 11 2.385 6.004 12 2.431 5.854 12 2.402 6.751 13 2.435 5.e06 13 2.423 6.693 ,. 14 2,388 5.720' 14 2.425 6,618 15 2.436 5.597 15 2.421 -6.494 16 2.447 5.488 4 16 2.446 6.371 FACE: 180 (ACE: 270 (OC 3 [0C 3 CAP ROO CROUTH foc 3 (OC 3 CAP R00 CROWTH-BOL CAP (LUCNCE* SH CAP CLOWRC CROWTH STRAIN BOL CAP ft,lKNCf' $H. CAP CLOSURE CROW 1H STRAIN' RCO . (in.) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (in.) (in.) (%) ROD (In.) (rvsq,cm) '(In.) (in.) (in.) . (%)
u..uuuu.uunun.=.un. nun.uu.uuuun.g .nuno....un.u n.u...un...u .u u n.u..nue u u = 6.447 1 2.435 1 2.447 5.488 2 2.431 6.553 2 2.418 5.646 3 2.410 6.669 3 2.387- 5.806
,(
4 2.402 6.738 4 2.430 5.919 .. 5 2.418 6.790 5 2.403 6.017 -l 6 2.397 6.837 6 2.429 6.109 7 . 2.394 6.882 7 2.420 6.200 8 2.404 6.918 8 2.424 6.280 9 2.431 6.950 9 -2.421 6.342 10 2.415 6.955 10 2.420 6.386 11 2.428 6.948 '1 1 2.423 6.422 12 2.419 6.940- 12 2.428 6.458 13 2.399 6.927 13 2.434 6.488
; 14 2.402 6.900 14 2.420 6.502 15 2.4t8 6.823 15 - 2.440- 6.470 -
16 : 2.420 6.758 16 2.435 -6.447
- 1) NOMINAL BOL Shout 0ER CAPS CHARACTER 12E0
- 2) t.0C-3 AVG Gutot tunt CRouTHe
- 3) [0C-3 AVC CulDC TUSE flutNC[.
-(6.22 X1E21.n/sq.cm.
n.
- 4) AVERACE 804, R00 L(NGTHe 161.168 in.
- FLUCNCE E > 0.821 Hev, x1E 21.
- 4 i
3 1 A-10 a
csuma stRiAt co pit 312 Table A-10 fACC 0 .. I Act : 90 (OC 3 ' (oc. } ' CAP ROD ,
. CROW 1H. LOC.3 LOC 3 CAP RUD CROW 1H COL CAP t'LutNCE* $N.' CAP CtOSURL GROW 1H SIPAIN BOL CAP f tU[NCEa sH. CAP Ct.05URE CROW 1H STRAIN .
RCD (In.) (n/sq.can) (in.; (in.) (in ) (%) 800 (in,) (n/sq.cm) (in.) (In.) . (In.) (%)
....==seeeeu... =*..,,sm..........
e,emeen. .s .. care =.ss=== esasse...e...........usesze==**essesse................, .
~
1 2.442 4.293 1 2.422 4.285 2 2.419- 1.331 2 2.433 4,286
-3 2.387 4.390 3 2.394 4.30s 4 2.390 4.438 '
4 2.379 '4.323 5 2.381 4.451 5 2.383 4.308 6 2.350 4.463 6 2.378 4.296 7 2.382 4.$10 7 2 .3 73 4.322 6 2.385 4.556 8 2,369 4.349 9 2.379 4.553 9 2.300 - 4.3S9 l 4 10 2.375 4.535 to 2.378 .4.331 11 2.390 4.515 11 2.375 4.305 12 2.382 4.531 12 2.381 4.317 13 2.397 4.544 13 2.379 4.332 14 2.384 4.522~ 14 2.368 4.317 , 15 2.396 4.488 15 2.417 4.295 16 2.417 4.477 16 2.442 4.293
.)
w Fact 180 (ACC 27D EOC-3 EOC-3 CAP ROD CROW 1H EOC 3 [0C*3 CAP e3D CROW 1H BOL CAP flutNCC* SH. CAP CLOSURE Cit 0VTH 51 RAIN BOL CAP FLUCNCE* SH. CAP CLOSURE CROWTH STRAIN RCD (In.) (n/sq.cm) (In.) (in.) ( I n'. ) (%) RCD (in,) (n/sq.cm) (in.) . (in.) (in.) (%)- w a = = = m 3 3 = == = = = s s e. a m . .= = . . . . . . . . . . ..m e n = = = = = . . . . . an. . . . .. .. . ... .. . .. s a . .. ...a = = ===== a ss as saan==== m3= a aveemo v *. -
~ " ~
1 2.440 4.481 1 2.417 4.477 2 2.416 4.490 2 2.421 4.496 3 2.379 4.522 3 2.390 4.537 L 4 2.365 4.544 4 2.3a3 4.568 ( 5 2.305 4.530 - 5 2.377 4.565 6 2.369 . 512 6 2.379 4.561 7 2.386 4.531 / 2.389 4.594 8 2.369 4.547 6 2.383 4.626 9' 2.387 4.551 9 2. 3 73 4.626 to 2.376 4.505 ' 10 2.385 4.596
-11 .3 72 4.457 11 2.381 4.564 12 2.377 4.445 13 2.394 4.569 13 2.380 4.431 13 2.374 4 .5 73
- 14 ' 2.378 4.383 14' 2.399 :4.542 15 2.436 4.324 15 2.431 4.501 16 2.422 4.285 1 16 : 2.440 4.481: . . . . . . .
- 1) NOMINAL BOL SHOULDER CAP = Characterited
,- *"t
- 2) toc-3 AVG Cul02 TUut CROWTHe y m' .
- 3) toc.3 Avc CutDE Tuet FLurnC[e 4.25 X1E21.n/cq.cm.
- 4) AVEAACC BOL ROD LLNGTH: 161.168 in.
- FLUCNCE E > 0.821 McV, X1C-21. *
.a l
- 1 2 d
^ :1l 1
- A-11 y
1
Table A-11 PAID VERDE-1 Eoc-3 GU10E Tune GROWTil DATA
~~ '
Average GUIDE TUUR GROWTil (in.) Average G.T. C.T. G.T. G.T. c.T. C rowt.h Anoembly Fluence * /. 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 (in.)
...................g.........................................
PIE 312+ 4.23 PIC002 0.09 g PIC005 8.18 Plc017 7.08 , = Pic025 7.58 PICO39 0.18 l P10001+ 6.24 P10002+ 6.22 P20027 8.18 P2CO28 8.18 .
- -, e a FLUENCE XE-21, n/aq. em., E>0.821HeV
+ CilAPI'TERIZED ASSEMBLY CUIDE TURE IDENTIFICATIOt3 #1-NE,#2-SE,#3-SW,#4-NW.
e
)
A-12
. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .a}}