ML20116F071

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Standard Review Plan for the Review of Safety Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power Plants.Second Proposed Rev 3 to Section 2.5.2, Vibrancy Ground Motion
ML20116F071
Person / Time
Issue date: 02/28/1995
From:
NRC
To:
References
NUREG-0800, NUREG-0800-02.5.2-R3, NUREG-800, NUREG-800-2.5.2-R3, SRP-02.05.02, SRP-2.05.02, NUDOCS 9608060225
Download: ML20116F071 (25)
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1 U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION -,

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2 STANDARD REVIEW PLAN 2.5.2 February 1995 na 3

VIBRATORY GROUND MOTION-

Contact:

A.J. Murphy

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4 SECOND PROPOSED REVISION,3,-e M._ ~ s s - -

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5 REVIEW RESPONSIBILITIES 4

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6 Primary - Civil Engineering and Geosciences Branch (ECGB)

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Secondary - None

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AREAS OF REVIEW

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9 The Civil Engineering and Geosciences Branch"revies cosers the seismological, and geological [. hibphy.iR.,, s,Q,., v...i.jd..njshtichh.$sQ investigations carried out to n-n i:

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wuv.nquu This standard review plan is being issued in draft form to involve the public in the early stages of its development, it has not received complete staff review and does not represent an official NRC staff position.

Public comments are being solicited on this draft standard review plan, wich is part of a group of drafts of regulatory guides and standard review plan sections on meeting proposed amendments to the regulations on siting nuclear power plants (59 FR 52 M' Comments should be accompanied by appropriate supporting data. Written comments may be submitted to the Rd= Review and Directives Branch, DFIPS, Office of Administration, U.S. Nuclear Reguistory Commission, Washington, DC 20555. Copies of comments received may be examined at the NRC Public Document Room,2120 L Street NW., Woohington, DC, Comments will be most helpfulif received by May 12, 1995.

Requests for single copies of this standard review plan (which may be reproduced) will be filled while supplies last. Requests should be in writing to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC 20555, Attention: Office of Administration, Distribution and Mail Services Section.

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I that producc: the vibratcry ground acticn for which tho:: fearturc; cf the 2

nuclear pcwcr plant acce', ry for cor.tinued Operation withcut undue ri k to 3

the health and : fety of the public arc designed to remain functional. Thi 4

SSE~ rip ~fisients; the'potsntial_ f6r_ ea"rthquake' gro^und motion':at the site snd ~ii

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i ths vib'ritor~y;~gr' undfmoti6n for ' hich certsin structuras,_ systems,"ind 5

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6 b6mponihts'Xr5ldds1@id ~to remain (snctioial.,The SSE"is' b'aied '6pon','i 7

[de t ij l e~d ~e^v a10 s t i o nlo f le a rt h_qu a ks~~p'o t en t ill ~, [t a k i ng li n t o',a cjo d 6 tjsyi'o'n'al' ^in d j

8 J o^ cal ~'gsol'6gy[Quitsr's'ary' tectonics,'sei smi'ci ty, and' spic'if f E geoteEh'n'ic~al

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9 yh's"ra'ctdr~ictics"'6f'ths' site's,ssb'sdrfa'cs, material ~. lThe'SSE'is' dsfihsd is~the

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10 fFee ' field [h6rifint'al s'n~d 've,'rtical ground l resp 6nse spectri at' t6s~plidt' sit'e'.'

11 The principal regulation used b.v the staff in determining the scope and j

12 adequacy of the submitted seismologic and geologic information and attendant 13 procedures and analyses is dif.f.ibnE100. 7237tM10T fR5PiEt'{1007(RifM1$.

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14 Additional ge44anee $lif@(Q6j (regulations, regulatory guides, and reports) 15 is provided to the staff through References 2 through 8 9.

i 16 G._OI...u_*n*ce~?on s_s ei._>ms-s wy y.,-y.m smo_l o.-~~~ ib._s3maswd. +.g,..-

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21 ide'n_tifi ed "s,h.d chife.f tir.1 E#d u~1n, cl, udi,Wi~ the ~ Fates ^ o f 'occuf, fe,~n'es is,s6c^ist'e"d.

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@ith^'ss^ch'"ssismics'6ffes1 ^)ll" seismic"s'6ufc~es that hivi Eny*p' art ^ sithin' 320 23 km"j(200,ii113s) of_thEsite 'm'u'st,bs identiff'ed, _More' distant 'so^urchi'that',havi 24 ifot'e6tial~~f6i~e~ifthQiike^sLlar'ge ^Fnodg6 to' 'affsct the sith 'mdst'als6 b6

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25 identified,

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. Seismic sources can be capable tecton'ic sources,or seismogenic

- -,~,. - _ ism =otectonic,;prov.linceb s;aitype3of,.sselsm -.ie,sou.,.,rcep sources;;ia;se 26 ogen n 2

j 27 Specific areas of review include seismicity (Subsection 2.5.2.1), geologic and i

28 tectonic characteristics of the site and region (Subsection 2.5.2.2), correla-29 tion of earthquake activity with geclogic structure cr tectonic province:

30 siisi6Mi60iFEss (Subsection 2.5.2.3), maximum carthquake potent 4d 31

@6SilQlJ5'QE[islsjiiiQifaFdl[snilisTi}(PSHADind[contf61llnp[6hfthijdskij 32 (Subsection 2.5.2.4), seismic wave transmission characteristics of the site 33 (Subsection 2.5.2.5),shdsafeshutdownearthquakegrosndimotibh(Subsection 34 2.5.2.6), and epeeating b;;i carthquake (Subsection 2.5.2.7).

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1 The geotechnical engineering aspects of the site and the models and methods m

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2 employed in the analysis of soil and foundation response to the ground motion 3

environment are reviewed under SRP Section 2.5.4.

The results of the 4

geosciences review are used in SRP Sections 3.7.1 and 3.7.2.

5 II. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 6

The applicable regulations (Refs.1, 2, and 3) and regulatory guides (Refs. 4, 7

5, 6, sidijl) and basic acceptance criteria pertinent to the areas of this 8

section of the Standard Review Plan are:

9 1.

10 CFR Part 100, " Reactor Site Criteria" (Ref. 3). This part describes 10 jjii@ criteria that guide the evaluation of the suitability of 11 proposed sites for nuclear power and testing reactors.

I2 M6p6Hdj}6EljM100f23; 10 CFR Part 100, fji6))p((@d3Ejf5{Q{@

13 fic{6[Q Appendix A, "Scismic and Ccclogic Siting Criteria fer Nuclece 14 Pcwcr Plant." The:c criteric describes the kind; cf geologic and im l

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15 seismic information needed to determine site suitability and identify

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16 geologic and seismic factors required to be taken into account in the 17 siting and design of nuclear power plants (Ref.1).

18 2.

10 CFR Part 50, Appendix A, " General Design Criteria for Nuclear Power 19 Plants"; General Design Criterion 2, " Design Bases for Protection 20 Against Natural Phenomena" (Ref. 2). This criterion requires that 21 safety-related portions of the structures, systems, and components 22 important to safety shaR be designed to withstand the effects of 23 earthquakes, tsunamis, and seiches without loss of capability to perform 24 their safety functions.

25 3.

10 CFR Part 100, "Rc;cter Site Criteri;" (Ref. 3).

This part describc 26 criteri; that guide the evaluatica cf th: :uitability of propc cd site:

27 for nuclear pcwcr and testing reactors.

28 4 3.

Regulatory Guide 1.132, " Site Investigations for Foundations of Nuclear 7

(' Dj 29 Power Plants." This guide describes programs of site investigations v

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I related to geotechnical aspects that would normally meet the needs for 2

evaluating the safety of the site from the standpoint of the performance 3

of foundations under anticipated loading conditions, including IH

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4 earthquake.

It provides general guidance and recommendations for 5

developing site-specific investigation programs as well as specific 6

guidance for conducting subsurface investigations, including the spacing 7

and depth of borings as well as sampling intervals (Ref. 4).

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Regulatory Guide 4.7 ]PF6pisidlRsyliij {2E DG3 00M, " General Site 9

Suitability Criteria for Nuclear Power Stations." This guide discusses i

10 the major site characteristics related to public health and s'afety wh4eh 11 this the NRC staff considers in determining the suitability of sites for 12 nuclear power stations (Ref. 5).

13 6 5.

Regulatory Guide 1.60, " Design Response Spectra for Seismic Design of 14 Nuclear Power Plants." %+s-guide give: Onc =cthod accept ble to the 15 NRC :taff for defining the rc pen:c :pectra ccrrc ponding to the

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a jan 29 ysk]jjjMEdpe4maryrequiredinvestigation: arc described in 10 CFR Part 100, 30 in Section IV(a) of Appendix A (Ref.1) The acceptabic precedurc: for 1

31 determining the seismic design bases are given in Section: V(c) and Section 32 VI( ) cf the appendix. Ji6thi[pFupbjsd!SeEt16iE100?23}t6MO[CFRiPirt?1'00; 33 OfifQs5Mitdiji;Gdilde!DGy10327(RefE9)3MbsJngldfisibpeditsy6ilidd3 ifs 2.5.2-4 i

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ditjilsdjyGl@snERM31Efis[Qijl@ The seismic design bases are predicated 2

on a reasonable, conservative determination of the SSE :nd the OBE. As 3

defined in Sectica 111 cf Appendix A (Ref.1) to10CFRPart100,theihjSSE 4

nd OBE cre {s based on consideration of the regional and local geology and 5

seismology and on the characteristics of the subsurface materials at the site.

l 6

nd Orc d :cribed in t :: cf the vib<atey grcund =ctica that they wculd i

7 produce :t the site.

No comprehensive definitive rules can be promulgated 8

regarding the investigations needed to establish the seismic design bases; the 9

requirements vary from site to site.

10 2.5.2.1 Seismicity. h 10 meet 49 the requirements of pfs @ @ l{h 11 Reference 1, this subsection is accepted when the complete historical record 12 of earthquakes in the region is listed and when all available parameters are 13 given for each earthquake in the historicci record.

The listing should 14 include all earthquakes having Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) greater than 15 or equal to IV or magnitude greater than or equal to 3.0 that have been 16 reported in :11 tectonic provincc: f6f[siljiillslRi6EEEss, any parts of which 17 are within 320]ldi (200 miles) of the site. A regional-scale map should be (Jr) 18 presented showing all listed earthquake epicenters and should be supplemented 19 by a larger-scale map showing earthquake epicenters of all known events within 20 80lks(50 miles)ofthesite.

The following information concerning each 21 earthquake is required whenever it is available:

epicenter coordinates, depth 22 of focus, date, origin time, highest intensity, magnitude, seismic moment, 23 source mechanism, source dimensions, distance from the site, and any strong-24 motion recordings (sources from which the information was obtained should be 25 identified).

All magnitude designations such as m,,,

M,, M, M,, should be 26 identified.

QRCe'hifi)%s'd[EsstifRUhiisd{Stfitas%f$itlis1 Mist 1s 27

] hf6?nistHWNs[anilibTs[6himijhi tsdisif6riths}1 sfgeWhi st;bfiM sif thysikisi 28 hshdEijijtyiiihy])elappfppfl sts[tb3felyl6hMhtsnijtifiDb's ehiiti chsI(dssphipt 16hi 29 MERihhMMfeEWiaisitiialsM9EllUdSEdf315tifiEll EVE 0iIMENDEf57 1

30 M and 35 KshdM1).

In addition, any reported earthquake-induced geologic 31 failure, such as liquefaction ))hirudfhj[pils6siljiiihiySe@j@Msijs 32 pfih{sf6f{jijstthjuiksi), landsliding, landspreading, and lurching should be 33 described completely, including the estimated level of strong motion that 34 induced failure and the physical properties of the materials.

The 35 completeness of the earthquake history of the region is determined by 36 comparison to published sources of information (e.g., Ref:. O thrcugh 13).

2.5.2-5

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When conflicting descriptions of individual earthquakes are found in the 2

published references, the staff should determine which is appropriate for 3

licensing decisions.

4 2.5.2.2 Geoloaic and Tectonic Characteristics of Site and Recion.

In 5

meeting the requirements of References 1, 2, and 3, this subsection is 6

accepted when all geclogic structure; within the regica and tectenic activity 7

ylsid{H6Mfsyj that are significant in determining the earthquake potential 8

of the region are identified, or when an adequate investigation has been 9

carried out to provide reasonable assurance that all significant tectonic 10 ctructurec Qilpji3Hjjij have been identified. Information presented in 11 Section 2.5.1 of the applicant's safety analysis report (SAR) and information 12 from other sources (e.g., Ref. O and li thrcugh 18) dealing with the current 4 13 tectonic regime should be developed into a coherent, well-documented 14 discussiontobeusedasthebasisf6fcharacterizingtheearthquake-15 generating potential of jsJsmic36Efce5} the identified geologic structees 16 Specifically, each tectonic province (sisthijfs'60fdi, any part of which is 17 within }201E(200 miles { of the 5 ite, must be identified. The staff 18 interpretsjilssytectonicprovincestoberegionsofuniformearthquake 19 potential (scismotectenic provinces) sdishiji@lsshis3ffsidihEE6f35?[ffisjsf 20 dl;sEihiQfE6Mthislisl1sislEl;tHpfj[thsisdrF6shdfhylifsi. The proposed 21 yshM5tectonicprovincesmaybebasedonseismicitystudies,differencesin 22 geologic history, differences in the current tectonic regime, 6fl6thEh 23 isdfojigd6nsiMAFatidis?ete. 24 The staff considers that the most important factors for the determination of 25 jilssi[~sisijis tectonic province; include both (1) development and 26 characteristics of the current tectonic regime of the region that is most 27 likely reflected in the nectcetonit (Pc t Micccne er about 5;isths 28 $0atifn{Ff3Ehl6((appf6k}iiafelDhigis[2 million years and younger geologic 29 history) and (2) the pattern and leval of historical seismicity. Those 30 characteristics of geologic structure, tectonic history, present and past 31 stressregimes,andseismicitythatdistinguishthevariousisi5mijissuFds;5 32 teetenic provinces and the particular areas within those ibdFess province: 33 where historical earthquakes have occurred should be described. Alternative 34 regional tectonic models derived from available literature sources, including 35 previce: SAR: and '!RC :t:ff Safety Evaluatica Report: (SER:), should be 2.5.2-6

n ,- m (O) (Q 1 1 discussed. The model that best conforms to the observed data is accepted. In 2 addition, in those areas where there are capable fault; isjid.hT6, ?s_5EFdii, the ~ 3 results of the additional investigative requirements described in 10 CFR Part 4 100, Appendix A, Section !"(a)(S) (Ref.1), $RPl$sj{jinI2I5If must be 5 presented. The discussion should be augmented by a regional-scale map showing 6 the tectenic province injiiifd[s60F6ss, earthquake epicenters, locations of 7 geologic structures and other features that characterize the isl1;ss{disdifrEss. 8 , and the locatica: cf any capabic faults. 9 2.5.2.3 Correlation of Earthauake Activity with siffsiF SBUFefi 10 Ccclecic Structure er Tectenic Prevince:. Inmccting[6(sEEEtherequirements 11 pFoppssdlidofReference1,acceptanceofthissubsectionisbasedonthe 12 development of the relationship between the history of earthquake activity and 13 thegeclogic:tructurc;crtectonicprovince:siTsmicssbsflisjofaregion. 14 The applicant's presentation is accepted when the earthquakes discussed in 15 Subsectiun 23.2.1 of the SAR are shown to be associated with either geclogic 16 structure er tectenic province isjsafElil6;UFJs5. Whenever an earthquake 17 hypocenter or concentration of earthquake hypocenters can be reasonably 18 correlated with geologic structures, the rationale for the association should 19 be developed considering the characteristics of the geologic structure 20 (including geologic and geophysical data, seismicity, and the tectonic 21 history) and the regional tectonic model. The discussion should include 22 identification of the methods used to locate the earthquake hypocenters, an 23 estimatijnoftheiraccuracy,andadetailedaccountthatcomparesand 24 contrasts the geologic structure involved in the earthquake activity with 25 other areas within the tectenic province ssiss6fs;&f65]h@F6V}hEs. Particular 26 attention should be given to determining the eapability EscsHEy[anligsp5H6f 27 setijlty of faults with which instrumentally located earthquake hypocenters 28 are inayJs associated. 29 The presentaticn :hould bc augmented by regional map;, all of the came scale, 30 showing the tectonic province:, the carthquake epicenter;, and the location 31 ef geclogic structure: and me;;urement: c cd to define provinces. Acceptance 32 of the proposed tectenic provinces isfijijy66[isi is based on the staff's 33 independent review of the geologic and seismic information EfesshisB[lijlths m i 34 @@Eliit]AhdiAifi;iliblE51n[tKE75EisntifiE))sfif0Fsi J 2.5.2-7 l l

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4. m. +ka c@u m a n.+.

+ n e + n n. t. e m.w y. m.~ P a a l a n t. e a m. a an <. a vi u yw o ... ww.u w m w i i wi .w.v. w ww i vy . v 10 e n d. e mal a n d e % 1 w,4Annen mau use, m uMin u.o asm+knuanuLa m%n+ ms2mi a m

l. u.

ek%n 4 k,w nu ounam a ,w ,mvivy ww i uwnw y nu s un. u wu, usqu yw, nun u 11 IROk(T m u n. L. 4. e e. n m. n,m.+bmisba.

fam, ma im 4e enquu,bae kmi u,en-4,+nA u l + k. a,ek n a n l. a n 4 e

%e,vwsu=wu .v iw wu .iquunw wu nw, nu.. wwwn yww vysu j 12

e. +. m.u w. i i m.

nenu.inea mi n e + kn ine+ +ae+nnte 4 A n n, + 4 f 4 n A. IJknen a nm +knusba a%m. 4, e, an u w v, w w w.vi r i w ri v inww mus. ww suur.i www nerw s w uis wu ..syuunu 13 us,ne4,4aA u t + k, nanlande e + m.ier+uma, +ka m w 4 mum emaA4k1n ,ee aknu%ba +k,+ asw uf% i y u u nu vwsu wu n iu u ywvivysw.. uw.u. w vnw munvmum

v. wuovew

. n u tr 14 can1A wvuiu wwwu, - a n, + k. u +. e + m.ne+nen eknu1A ha nu,1n%+nA +% areum s in+n %eranne n, n vi ww.uvv .nvusu ww uvuiuu.vu, vu i y in.v uwvvun. 15 e t a n 4, f t, e s n. t. f, u, e + a m e, (n m. avemnla, f, a,1, + 4 n n, f,u 1+ 1 a n n + g, +ka +ona af +km avyo w u. w.vi, iv wnumyvw view .j y w vi .nw uu .sivy ui. i vi sy. 16 f % s 1. +.,e l i n u, lann+k, m,uy.nma s+a wo m + n i m a ain+ sma% maman+ snA a%m+kansba k 4 e + a my u uu i vy u.w, , wy o ui w a w a sy vir us w us wu, mv mw. i., wiru ww..uquunw isvs.v 17 In.n. Dnfe. 1 f,i +kmannh SS\\. gw y,. wi. 4 .nu vuyn wwf 18 fn amAam. +n Aa+nem +ka m s v 4 mi sm e e n A 4. kl a O fM+. eaulA n ng L-ww.wimisa nerism an 1, i v, ww .v w .nw mun imun wi ww usw wu wvusw vww. vi. 4ny,wknea

f. u% i a l + e, 19 L4

, k n u n. + ftd. ,,,,,mnA

4. v kn, g n, hl a,
4. h n,4uigpf ge,an4,

,,a n, n un.. w u y utrTw us u enwn. vi ussumwu ww . w. i uww y, 20 Enneam,%+. u. 4. u. a

u..,1.

i n e ksenA n n, L4e+nm.4, 4, w s., w 4 n, +ka mantan ,nA e n n e 4. r,

nunn, an a vn wi ww,

-u,ww vi n ..v so wnyw w is .nw s wy i vii unu ,yww 21 e n n e 4, A n m. u 4,nne a f, +ka n % m+ km s % b a L4e+nmu anA nanlarite ,+ k4e+nmy m a u, n ma n + a n. af u

wun, ww
vii, v

vnw ww. wis y u u nw nus. wig ui.w ywvivyiv i 1,v vi mv wmun. vs 22 + k. a f % n 1. +. e.. tJh a m, + L. a bae us,ne4,+nA ul+b + ne + n n 4{ n e,v.4,nen, n as

Onu,

%.a ,ee au .. w suu now w .. w wu . w.vTrT y nww u, w vuvu-wu ns n u 23 +kn 1 u, m n a,e + L 4 e + a m.4e a s e+ bmis ba u 4 +. k 4. n. +ka nenui.nen e, k m a l. w kn 4 Ann +4ftaA A tow ryw. nus.v iw was usquuRu n u. .nw ya v isww ,ivu uw ivvsivii waT-24 T e n,c a t e m,1, e k,niil A %1 e a ha n m n e n n. +. n A f a m. + k. a e,4,nn4f4esn+ n,mekmi%bne. mae+ msne .,v w1,inu

muy,

,,vuvu uusv wu yi%,w. ww ev .. w mv,. yis s a wun. wu, usyuunu, 25 T h, a n e.n i i n A. m n + 4 n n. T s+ +ka .e 4. +. w a e km s1 A ka nu=1m%+aA = c e n ami nn 4%+n e n 4 e,m t e % n n m a n m, w y vun mv.1vi u. .inw .nvuuw ww w,ueuu ww us e um i s ry uyys vy su w sw1 mew %n. u, e s im.. i. n. n + k. u, +. +kn m % v 4. m..i s m.. n, m + k. a n % ke 26 .a n. w.a mn,u+ m. u i. e, m. t. e. e. 4. n n. a f f. n e + e, us, A ,n.si v. wi w.. we y s ui . y.. .im mun. u. wi.. yuu 27 06e,ne4,+aA u4.+k nsek a a n l, a n 4 e u t +. b.. n%ek +ar+nn4, e + me s e + ii m a am y,nu,4nen ne neenme vwsu.wu n n wuvis ywv vyav s. uw.usw vi n w wwis www.vusw v inwu wwu,, 28 O+. +.ka nn4n+ a f, e1nene+ wnnma%ek nf +ka e +. s i e + i s e n nenuinen +n +ka e4+n. am .sw yvin. v viv,w . uyys vuwn vi wiew . uw u s u vs ys ww i siww vu .nw <s.w c b e n e + J. a n. w.E.w.C.,\\ 29 Ftw4knm. .A n c e m,e, n + 4. v.n 4, e, n e, n u. 4 A a A 4, n,, O O a a ,w. im w-w y. i y v iwwu v v TL ag,4kans,bnf,g 4kg4 o m,1 A n,n Ai s e n + k, a 30 tfA c, a u, w i u,l. k e % + n m. g n e m i n,u m n + I, n n n mne+ ama u A wu, usyuunsg,f nu neuiu y1 vu w w ., w ov o. w w ua uv gi v ui ov. vu ,+ +ka e 4 +. a e k. n a a l A ha A n f, 4, n n A. T. T, A 4, f, f, a m. 31 y v. w i i. 4 s 1, n % e + k. y u u, R w, ba, um m1 A nn+nn+ an+ mi u. wuw w . vu1w uw ww ivww u w un. iu wui. ovuiw 32 n e.nAnra

4. k n nainA nn+

mne+ c,auama ce m, ma+4.nn

4. n. A 4 f. f. n u.

f e.w yu w. r u udf,, nm aan k LfteSe y ww ww nw mus. ,wwwi w y vuiiu mv. vn vi w un. i wy 33 edm.+ k n,u s b n e e k n i i1, A ha e n n e t. f ( n A, T k. n A n,r e m,4, n + 4. n n. n f. +ka n n + n n + 4. u% 1 ..n

wunw,

,ii v u w -~ ,yww i iwu ii w uw w y. v ..sw yo.un. 34 ^ - + %. yak &{",,' 4- +^

4. n~w 'i u - w"d^+'"

. i u m i, n u"- 4^+^~4.+.," ve + ag^,...uow -i-

  • +"d^

-d +'^ ^ wus.. i,.. mm. m sis.w. u,,v um 2.5.2-8

1 a 3 .i I d!:t:r.:: frc: the ::::::d 10 :tica cf the potential

rthq::k:(:) t; the site.

i ) a. ...a.._a by-ee 1 2

n...... r. e. s...>....>...,.,.....,........... a...

.... a u. .3...... ..., ~....... m..... ......a....t.............t. 3 ,..,......t.,...a m.. i l 4 pr;v ir.::. 1 5 A ::pt:.ne: Of the de:Criptic cf the potertial th:t w;;1d prod::: the 1 rgest a 4 l 6 grc; d :: tic :.t th: cite i: b:: d on th: :t:ff': independ nt :::1y:is ] 4 t j 7 Th'e' staff'~ sill }Wielthd~appli' cant's,'probabill'itiE' seismic hazard ~snalj's'is,' ~ t i ~ ~.. ~~ 1 i_nbl, ud_ing "s he~, un_dW1 ^yi_.--- - -n,g_ assumptions,, and_how t,h~e,,r,e~s_ul ts_' o_f.the, s,it_e. t ~~ w s, 8 ,~ w o andy+f_in,ed_iy wav.e e u n aqc w v --,ct^ e.e on_s 2. 5_,. 2. 2,e.w nand,,2 45_.v

2. 3,w, r^w..,gev ya _e._us_ed,to_uP_d, ngs_of,$w.w

,v e .s, 9 inv_e.ws_ti _t_i.w,ns#_yp m op v ww e 4 -~ 10

t. h.s~iki..stT6.g'~~idsFE.ei '.t ~ hi~py o, bab,i ist'ic 's'siimE haz^ ir,d ~snilfsis.~ll K6w~thij r

v s' e'u,isd ti~div. slop ~, addit,i6nal~s~osFces"> 6r how thefa're"Osed^to.L'de^ 'elop'a nes 11 r 12 d_ataw bvs,n vya.se; s _x y 13 The ^s'taff ^ sill 'perfo^rs' 'aa^1ndependent evaluation of' the earthiu'ake' potential l 3 14 a's's'_6c_ist_ed sith, _da'ch_Tei_smic sour,e'e~that 'could affect. the site,. The staff ~ 15 s, ill 'isal._ ate'_~tWe"'a~~' l_ic' ant's, "c,oh,tr,oll. in'~'^ earth "uakei bas'id. ~on hisfo,Fical"and. ^ ^ ~ '^ ~ . ~. ~ - ~ pali 6~Jisi~smi di ti~ '~'Tn~this~,'esal sati osl-. vth'e T.,ontrol. l i ng".fa~rth, iisak, e,i'^foF ea 16 ~ -.3f fuw4,, earth., w ke. p.pnThe,,u.v,st ff ast y uv. A.,ls. warge as the, maxi,wmum, i oric-y.a qua u as ,,.,a , n <+ ,s 17 source;are a1,le,u_- >s As we. i _ s l 18 pill ^FWi' i^ the'~E6htr6111,ng~eirthquakes[and]associat'ed g~rdand mo, tion's( at'th'e e i site deh vid fr _ he ap,pl,i,_c, ant's probabilist,i,c' hazard _ analysis to_ b, _e sure, om t ^ v i 19 tha~t"t,hsy",as_^'e_ither_ co6s_is', tent with~the con, trolling" earthqUakss/ ground 20 i 21 motion'i"u^ sed in'licshsing'"'o j{a)[other licensed' facilities at ths site, (b) v hearby,_ plant (or'M,pl_ ants ~ licensed in similar seismogenic, regions,,or the t 22 e 23 reasons th'e~y are not consistentare undsistood,. -.~ _sd..v.s co..n. s _er,w,+de.wwy.wownt..,a,b.l ex+.i. fgi. tyfo..lclw ww ~. - e iacce_ p = ~_y ws s ow p.w wi,l, pro.b..w bmil3l,itv.k>w.vo v.sw.lys,iwyg s.v-f vemayxi.dm wou ican w s w iana e -.,e_ap.Th,3vfm.,> we s._ -. s 24 e di~k~yCf.fyDG;~1032.g Rsf.y19)k,mT..~he.,,v. incorp.o. rat. ion 1 7 .thi?,n~,~n,ndure,q,nn .d ;i 25 . Rr._ep.ose... pwn _., o a wJroce-e o., ~. -,.. ~ 2 nit. _dnve. sf3_ a_ tion._'s_iinto._ith~e_r.bas,il_istici. analysi,s.v~is. 26 ofer_e.s_ul.t,s_fo -w ~ p_ro-s _e E_ dis.'i.di_fid.TiEEsp.u.w lFifI.tRf6116EthiipFadid0. rsiout1. insdiinI A#eddinElof b ~ ~ 27 - - ~ - - - ~~ DG,.m.~3. 2., a_nd,d s. yc._.,_i s.. ten, t,? wi th.,the,rev..i..e~w. i n.d_i ngsv o. f ;Sec.t. i~on.,2,. 57.,:2,. 2~iand . 10 on.s_ ~ s _.... T_ .s:. - 28 m m.. 29 2iE2i33 1 i a 1 i '30 2.5.2.5 Seismic Wave Transmission Characteristics of the Site. C fsE. n.ds'~s,p"ys'd.,si. s.Fj 6, sdIWD.G...:.w.1..03..2...R:.,.R.,..i...f.W,,...,4...)W,.t. uhs. ?E6...h..~f.f - s r. ain,. am,v.- r y.. v 9 v ? o-w h .I. n.v St,hs.y.vowx.sw(niPSH 'fa.pn n.% w / 31 p -c ~ - -.n.s n T._hm9e. ear qua esaarer etvna.auia.m.wd. +,.f.. <mmav.+.t vu hgame:, hwnww t-.h..,;s_i.tical t r. oc. kw? con.dit-..i <v.w.o a .qv.mn.w p 4

a, 9avt h.,'ua.vuk.+aww,.on,yuex+d. #erm n.e._s orgac ua_ ors yp_o.

o-m 4 32 m-m-~ -m -m_____~m._- 1 2.5.2-9 1 1 1 1

I /N l'n') t \\ ( V ( 5.t.nwym., - f.. o w.,. ai,.j..w.g i gd,l:..n..u, v,n, nw f. ow. n.wa, n vwM ar.8. :u.1p.w. r.x in n rmed,&u,.. ...gwa, md i S t i.i.D.,.C... t i.s.e, p.,v. 1 . opM u &X.--m.... ,....n~..,.,., ..n,,.., , t.e .,t,e, g.y, m.~ w g, .t e! eti e ~ - ara.....e S S,u,,w. pen.s.,.b a.m p.,a. r,. ia f.w v.w.~, w., n wa.w.v.vyn.wne, w.,;.+.v...?n +. - a a. -vs - n ew rem. y ii-w:gpde *xt.eev.w wwiwlwwo:ce 7.wh+:e i$ $ Ep;.g I n s t M.<. we.;+w+:a+.~m. w.wg"th ac.w.wm.w.el i.w we. we : a -el e ermina _oruo_fst. mw - m _s_xs_e_c.- n: _ ~ way-w m 2 tio y s_e o -. ~. _ iGSTf R.vwwT.hn.w7.ifd:ua/ny.iT&W6,a.w,i.s.a.www.uh.E.- 6s.id...i.uv.E. t.Tmw~i.M ~tF.n3s6t.ad.<.s.EsW.gw.5..d.+ D ds? dis V RdT. i6 - 6i x^ v ~< ~- v+ . w 3 u

w...,..M.w.

A;w +m+ vuch w.,vaw4 N w ~v~ - s - ~ -.-.-.n. ~~. r_n.gs ruct.wwww.kgccamewi.xym+ vw.i mc.w cwtvam w~.ura e g nee 4 5 sm .r_m a s u. s r y n o ta m,m m. e m u m y w _A .x. s m, s +u mmm..u -ame, at tuu...u e m, + u m u....,. m u mm m .rs s wem iwis w.inw. s w a.i smsw us smss -6 svm i.s Tav.<pbwewew,.n.<~+wt.w&.M.s w. ~og) the seismic wave transmission characteristics (amnlification 6 o; e7 w ep e w.w.w >~ vo;.ac, cyu. v.a w.m.o.v:., F l 7 or deamplification) of the materials overlying bedrock at the site are i 8 described as a function of the significant frequencies l(Rsf Q y. The 9 following material properties should be determined for each stratum under the IM.kne.,ssa seismic compressional and shear wave velocities, bulk m 10 site: c _t 11 densities, soil index properties and classification, shear modulus and damping 12 variations with strain level, and water table elevation and its variation 13 @ Q f31. In each case, methods used to determine the properties should be 14 described in Subsection 2.5.4 of the SAR and cross-referenced in this l5 subsection. .r.o m +La - m, u.... - m, m + u m, u A m +,. m-4 m m a :n enkem,+4mm 9.r.9.A,, +La .wem muni um sus wisquunw uw esi m nsu in vuusww. son w s s.~ 16 ( m m,. c4 1 a m mm..m A - - + 4,. m r i m,1 m A 4 m,. .4,. mar 4,,m+ t m,. o m m,. 4 m,. s -..a km sa ww i swiu yivunu mv w e vis g r isw i vu i s sy asynii s v uis w iisquwamsusf muss ww 17 Am+mm-4mmA .mA --,1oet, , L m.1 A La mmmtom-mA +m Am+mmm4mm +La ,4+m attmo+, mm wwusmesmu, usiu un unungsis suvusu ww yws svsmvu wu wwss: m u isw wem aiww we iww s 18 Attrammme

om4, 4,,

o.v u o, m . 4 m m 4 t. t w u% m e (mmm..mm-o k mA, ,t

summ, 4-

+La mm e vi s uie i we wis e swism w w sjyws isi esm s s yss s nw e i w quw aiwy vue su s. 19 .mmmmmm4,+m, +La .m=1u,4, , L a.1 A. ,4Amm +La aftm,+, at ,4+m em

A444mm,

-A uyys vyn suww vim usiu s j s i s susvuiu vvisssuws wirw wi iwwwe vs eaww wvuus& s vuus unu g .s u, +w w. m m. 4 g v m,,.. m.m o o.w m m..mm ,+ t m a,u m m o,n s v i i v w.m p. mm4=1 mmmm+o 4mm -A amm+a am m i iu y vywi s, .us su . uy m nu y y uyu w i ve s ur ru so im s 21 TLa tman #4m1A ,u m m.. A -m+.4mm

  1. ,1,a matammeA

+m emm+mm1 -m&4mmi ,L ai 1 A km smw as ww a suvu yrvunu mv w r ui r guisu swrus asu sv us w vis s a v i m v wsusif suvuiu ww 22 Amt4-mA +m u mm m mm im A e..mtsom -A , L m n1 A La ksemA A,+, mL+ 4mmA 4- + mm www sin u wv uw vu u y r vuiru sus auww ui ru siivuiu ww uuswu vis uuvu vuvuraisu iss = 23 cmmm t4m1A.

4timA, Tom

..,m, .mm 4Amm+ AmnamA4mm +La , m 41 L%m,-+mm4,+4,, mm eiww i iwsu ivv v wusws us w auwnwie swu ww ywou i s sy vis wem svsa w eiu s uw w w r iswiws +L. ,4+m .mA ,..k4m-+ +m eu,41 k414+u mt ennmmmm4%+ um-mmAmA m mm. m A m+ 24 O +s 4m0 m sim aaww ui ru suugsww wv unusTUws v wy vi uyy s vyi s u 6 w a wwviuwu yavuuu mv6 iv A ULam A,+. tam m u smm1 m Emm ..mi tam- .4+m, at 25 Ua+w u. ou 4f Lim, m m 1,4 4 o, m 1, y = .mm u nimis vuwu usw u,ua i uviw ivi

unumyaw, a vi iwiuws w

ur a i i vi m arwwa vi ,m41 g o mg u t, + L, ,.~m m + k

o. u.s a t, + 4. v i s at mmmmmm+

+km ,,. + m m 1 matm+ 4 _m, .4+L A +L, mm mm avi s vs .v n wi s v vis suw vi y,vyw. 6 is,s u em es~ _ mss us evimw 27 ,,m .. um.. .x 4 a +u-n., mm.4-4, ,, uA, ,u..,A u -,. 4 t u A - +u g i v w u w vis uw na s a wa s isw wvre wi vi mv v s vis ia uyyiswuj savvu1u ww syww e asu vis w a su i 28 ,m41 c mtsem ~+ +La + at +km f4 4,LmA ,m%Am. Tha tem tim 3A mmm.A -m64mm mm swTW yiwurvu avi i sus iuww

== wrew vvy vs wesw i v es i s erwu ys www insw re ww s mv s s vir 29 ,mmemmi -m+ ,Lan1A L mv 4mm 4,4mm+ ut+L +Lm

mummm64m, at

+La ,m41 mm ,mm, i vs v vie w s v i s vis sirvuiu ww vvis s i s w w s:

  • nswas siis yivyws osvs vs wesw sui 1

30 pW, 'u 's w^. s=_-- _-^---s_" r-- ^# --- ^- - ^. s- + "e s m - , 'm- ", ^ s v ". - s '," "m ^r u-mv w svi . w s - w i i s us mrv vs ve m.. da Om-.. u m + -am4,, u t u,~truum+ mm-mmAmA

e. -.. m A

- Aa, mm vmyw w w s s w musus sus, vs sus wuss vs v is s u s i s w s uis w iwwviuvu y s vuuu mv vu uuwu, 32 +km emm+ mal malm+ 4e emmelf4mA k km+ 4e,1 m.4,mmn %+

m. a t e m m m am e sf y v +e i s w w r w u v mm on nn wins uver w s v a yv s eu s is sywwsi swu vss uss vuwusvy vu 6s s vy uw u vs u

33 ,- a um,. s u u t + u ---, u m + - a mm4,, Tu--+, mv um - 4 tu A -a e vuu s s vis un wins vvy vi w em wumyuvunw mu w w, su,. v im w vii s i ve ivu sywwar swu 34 ,Lan1A km omm,4,+mm+ ut+L +L mmmmmm+ 4m, mt +La -m mmemm+ -, + m m t,1 sirvuiu ww wvusistunw viiwn wnw ya vyws & ius vs wisw v vmyw wwis v muTws sur 2.5.2-10 1

1 Where vertically propagating shear waves may produce the maximum ground 2 motion, a one-dimensional equivalent-linear analysis (e.g., Ref. 23 Or 2' }} 3 M))) or nonlinear analysis (e.g., Refs. 25, 25, :nd 27 )MMr~]I)) may be 4 appropriate and is reviewed in conjunction with geotechnical and structural 5 engineering. Where horizontally propagating shear waves, compressional waves, 6 or surface waves may produce the maximum ground motion, other methods of

nd 2^ B_Ta_E_F.u_ ) may be more appropriate.
However, M

7 analysis (e.g., Refs. 2a m 8 since some of the variables are not well defined and the techniques are still 9 in the developmental stage no generally agreed-upon procedures can be 10 promulgated at this time. Hence, the staff must use discretion in reviewing 11 any method of analysis. To ensure appropriateness, site response 12 characteristics determined from analytical procedures should be compared with 4 13 historical and instrumental earthquake data, when available. 14 2.5.2.6 Safe Shutdown Earthauake fr5iiridigilji. In ::: ting the 15 ---.4. -_-_.,........,.,.nt.-.-_._--

i.,

.u.,._, .....u..,_..u..,.

4..

.. -. 2 .u -. .u-..u,....,.. .y. .m y. ..m., ..m ...m.. 16 .--...a.. s. a.. _.,_ - a. c,a. .a e..-. s. u. e c.ez...a...s.u 2.. z.. s.-._, ,, r, s. u. c..... c. a.,. 2 .y- .m m. .m I7 re:per,:: :pectre: :nd i: at le::t :: con rvativ: :: th:t.:hich = 1d re: 1t .u. , u.. - t. _. u _. a.. _.._--_-...u.,...u. m.._,,. c.. u, _

o...- _..o.e..

18 .... ~... 2. m... ...m ....... ~,. 19

id: ring th: ;it: tr::::!::ica ffect: det:

in:d in Subettien 2.5.2.5. 20 ..u.t.,.-.-......,a,...__.._.,.,..u..a.....u.....u-_ ...2...,.. u. ~-,.,--_. 3....; r,......, .m... y.... 7.. 21 _64..-_..,

4.. m e, c, -,.- _. 4 c.....-_,m u., _2., g.

4,.,, c. u,. 6 4.,_ o. e.. o. n,,

a. u. m-i

...,..m .. m 22 .. s. u.. s..-.,....,...2 _ s. a..-. s c a. w.a c.. s. u.w.e c e.... s. v.-_ w,-... s. a,... s,. ..L., u-w y m. yww. i .ww m.s .= s ne v. vw n w.w 23 c,..,..-__m u.

s..u. m c..-... u.. m.,

+t-..u. ..m, .e - new *v.mm i o~mw ,p.m -* ~ .ww..w uswwmwmw. s m.e~em- .w,; vym.y m + wm+ms.vw.e ta.pps.wwu.. ant. e$meeswe-ww wm.pystpww.w~ ure.>s.~or 24 =.a>.n i.vmww.vaw.v:>u.sec..t.mn n s.< .ma:n. sis ev ew c roce w -v v ~ 4.. e. :. vera n aw;+

n ~.-

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e~"ui r'.ed.~"InTthisi~/1 de"E, ndsnt'7sstimatefl, the~ staf.f <'Wai vs ^ e .e = % -V o v 30 conside[.effect(KgFo'und,~moti6n from;the 'co'ntrolling' earthquake { discussed ,in,Subieitiori 2i512.4 tiy[jfisminithelon'tfollidg'~eir;thquake~fo[esch3e15 sip 17 31 - - uct..ure.s o.r seismotectonic., _,prov_inces. to. ~~cbe a,it.i, str - -,,~ .- - - ~. _ou.. --,lo. -.l,m s 32 s ~ ~ geo.~,u.g h,v rc.e ca w -~ -~- w ~~ ~ ~~ - ~ ~ ~ s - e l Aw u.> a sAuga C 0spst;+pv,owapproac m> s </ to thm+pwwi_te g uwn e_ s 33 l l 2.5.2-11 I I ( 'd l \\ \\ l 1 The Ot ff review: the free field rc: pen:c :pectra of engineering ',ignificance 2 fat :ppropriate damping value:). Orcund actica ::y ;;ry for different fcunda-3 14cn condition: at the cite. When the site effect: are significant, thi 4 review i ::dc in conjunctica with the review of the design rc: pen:c :pectra 5 in Sectica 3.7.1 tc en:ure conci tency with the free field =ction. The :taff 6 normally evaluate rc: pen:c spectra en cc:e by c;;c b;;i:. The staff l 7 cca:ider: cc=pliance with the fc110 wing cond+t4ca: acceptable in the 8 cvaluation Of the SSE. In all the:0 precedurcs, the propc;cd free field 9 rc pence :pcctra chall b^ censidered accept-able if they equal er exceed the 10 est4 mated 84th percentile ground metica spectra frc= the ::ximum cr 11 ~ m. s v sil u,, a tm.mtm A,4 4 La 4. c..Ls wwwssw 4-. o. e. o. a,. u w., ~w i suss e i s ig wus wsquunw susu s es iv.s a. w n. l 9 12 T.h,e.v.y e s fo,.l.l.y.w.y.i.ymp.yw.z.%%wed vm w.S.,..w, .i w.3yd< av.. v.w.w..d i..v y w ym.md. +.y.v x.sw we vv wdo mm.w.m._ow n.%g. p_ro_ce.. _u.res.t., nt_ esc, en, _n. gtor. e_m._o.._s p..r_e_eren_ce,.sfw.v,re, f., v.v v .,.y.w.s m.~ o u. .~,fg.,4w %.as h .vs. l dyb. wn,.y>,w,s.moe.,e ru.._ sed.m + .m m w-m d'e v.,e,,.l.s.o..p:.f."<t.'. '.h,.V,;.g/,'.'.', .*t.. c/4,,.'g.Xn.'..)s,VQ',//? }..- ^- s s i..e..., a.s.,,.p,e,,c,..i.. f, i.X(.%)Y );.g.f,wyf e;.:,j 't',,'.Y.'. #/,l..l.(...y h. q."a.3.y9;.g ry;.;.;c,s.,sp,,e.c.., ra+ a.y..s yl' w +.i.,.v,g.,fo ng.r.,e...a,..'.. t.' h.,'(.q#,4+as'gaW. ,*.y g/ /- .,4=e.,.f.W tf .y [a,.,g.%,,@Y,.1 .,rv; . r ....u,.,a_k-{ac,m..J: p.;T.,.-;h.e ,--W4 + 13 ..e.. w; ac s v..;; n ~ s; . - e y.cs.w.-, s t a f fM.y. l l t al s o r u.,y< x,mrt h,.3.w..;.,..,.2,..;...s.:....yu.%d.. y.. v,f...-y.s s e...n. w e..s.,w.t.oro,. c..e.. u.,re..s..s..s-,:o,.s.;;a.%.a.k..yy.wd.s, <.t. e.w&.x s<.,d.. :y.w.nyd.. 3,f,.t..<.s:3,...,., w,.c yf.t. y - w w, s t e,% y.3 v 14

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' o

.. - ~- n w -.., t.e. s.. i ~ 17 The following step: Ou = rize the :t ff review cf the SSE. 18 1. Both horizontal and vertical component site-specific response spectra 19 should be developed statistically from response spectra of recorded 20 strong motion records that are selected to have similar source, 21 propagation path, and recording site properties as the controlling 22 earthquakes. It must be ensured that the recorded motions represent 23 free-field conditions and are free of or corrected for any soil-24 structure interaction effects that may be present because of locations 25 and/or housing of recording instruments. Important source properties 26 include magnitude and, if possible, fault typer and tectonic 27 environment. Propagation path properties include distance, depth, and 28 attenuation. Relevant site properties include shear velocity profile 29 and other factors that affect the amplitude of waves at different 30 frequencies. A sufficiently large number of site-specific time-31 histories or response spectra or both should be used to obtain an l 32 adequately broadband spectrum to encompass the uncertainties in these 33 parameters. An 84th percentile response spectrum for the records should 34 be presented for each damping value of interest. and cc: pared to-the SSE [ 2.5.2-12 I 1 O) p) q. s v 1 free field :nd d::ign rc:pon:c spectrum (e.g., Refs. 30, 31, 32, :nd 33 [Q2gfjjKd]!ij). The staff considers direct estimates of spectral 2 3 ordinates preferable to scaling of spectra to peak accelerations. h 4 th h: tern United States, rchtively little infor= tica i: avaihble On 5

gnitude: for the h rger histcric carthquake:; hence, it ::y bc 6
pproprictc to rely On intensity Observation: (de:cription; cf 7

c:rthqu;ke effect:) to c ti=:tc ::gnitud:: cf hi:tcric event: (e.g., 8 Ref:. ?? :nd 35). If the data for site-specific response spectra were 9 not obtained under geologic conditions similar to those at the site, 10 corrections for site effects should be included in the development of 11 the site-specific spectra. 12 2. Where a large enough ensemble of strong-motion records is not available, 13 response spectra may be approximated by scaling that ensemble of strong-14 motion data that represent the best estimate of source, propagation 15 path, and site properties (e.g., Ref. M $5). Sensitivity studies 16 should show the effects of scaling. A 17 3. If strong-motion records are not available, site-specific peak ground 18 acceleration, velocity, and displacement (if necessary) should be deter-19 mined for appropriate magnitude, distance, and foundation conditions. 20 Then response spectra may be determined by scaling the acceleration, 21 velocity, and displacement values by appropriate amplification factors 22 (e.g., Ref. N 26). L'hcre caly c timate cf peak grcund accclcratica 23 arc avaihble, it i: acceptabh t :clect ; peak acceleratica and use 24 thi: pc:k accc!cration :: the high frequency ::ymptote tc ste dardiced 25 rc:pon: :pect: such : describcd in Regehtcry Ouide 1.50 (Ref. 5) for 26 both the horicontal and vertical ccmponent: of =ction with the 27 appropriate : plification f: tcr:. For each controlling earthquake, the 28 peak ground motions should be determined using current relations between 29 acceleration, velocity, and, if necessary, displacement, earthquake size 30 (magnitude or intensity), and source distance. Peak ground motion 31 should be determined from state-of-the-art relationships. Relationships 32 between magnitude and ground motion are found, for example, in 33 References 12?a_ lid!_273 Due to _ Bed.a.'uss M_ f the limited data for high ~ 34 intensities greater than Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) VIII, the 35 available empirical relationships between intensity and peak ground 2.5.2-13 /-m n\\ I \\ { G; GI 1 motion may not be suitable for determining the appropriate reference 2 acceleration for seismic design. 3 4. Re: pen:c Spectra developed by theoretical-empirical modeling of ground 4 motion may be used to supplement site-specific spectra if the input 5 parameters and the appropriateness of the model are thoroughly 6 documented (e.g., Refs. 10, 44, 45, :nd 45 lj!B2775D8). Modeling is j 7 particul arly useful for sites near capable fau. t t,wo.tx.y.v.i~swwy.ssw.wv.m.v v.ec on asources o.v yy~ f..s.,-.3. -o. r,. eepe r._e st.w.w.~;...tw,ss.om.aruc ures that may experience ground motion that is .www.s.w.s,vn j 8 - - ~ ~ - 9 different in terms of frequency content and wave type from ground motion 10 caused by more distant earthquakes. 11 5. Probabili: tic c ti= te: cf sci:=!c h:: rd shculd be calculated (e.g., 12 Ref:. 41 and 47) and the underlying :::umption: and ::cciated 13 uncertaintic: :hculd be documented to :::ict in the :t ff' Overall uu_ u+ 14 -,... u... u. s. u....ee_a.. n... . _ u w u. +. u..

a. _,, n,.... u.,.. u u, u,, u,, u. 3..

rr r,-,, 15 which schmic source: cre significant to the site. "niform hazard 16 spectra (:pectra that have : unifer: probability of excecdance Over the 17 frequency range of interc t) :hcWing uncertainty :hculd be cakuhted 18 for 0.01, 0.001, and 0.0001 annual probabilitic: of exceed nce at the 19 citc. The probability of exceedhg the SSE rc:pon:e :pectra should chc 20 be c:timated and compart:ca cf rc; ult: ::dc with other probaMMst4e 21 studic;. The,v55 ~.,,v, d,t moti,o.~,x,-,. .w.,-,- t._.,,. ... d=:. b.ytt,he,r,a l i - te_,_r..e -~ c 22 groun - .nsresponses.spe.c.ralp.ropose. ~ pp~ anc-23 co.ns_i.d.e_ red _n.a_cce. pt..,6._.1e.,.e,:

1. ; y v ~hur.;., y,..,,,.etmv e z.mee i._R,eg.v.w u ct,o.wn,~w;Po,..i t,i_a.,,.,ye m,,
v. y.A..u.~w.y.,d.. iw..~x

~ _ _ _ox &ww.. -f un ~. ~s.. oni4._ fan..d_pp_en t_.w. y_. u.la _r_y _! _ a s t,i ma te.st~o. f n.,.~wn,.wr.d,m.., w..,;w m,.,,Jgroun i otionTare, R w.f.,,. m~,y.~m&: :.gqL_i.. yt.hm.wd. wd. n.w,.ged.,n.,.,,,w.~wt,.,ve erew c.e -,., f.i .,e..ri ep,en en,te.s a.ffs,,e.an. ,n.rw~ws.,.,,.. 24 ~ n ~- - -. ~ ~ -.. ,~..wei.f.n..ican.t yid. i.. ,r,, in.~.r.,e...n.t -. ~hn <.,w;,,t hn,y,n. n.,.wn,.va.,. .,, w.w.. ni~gn o s e i. p.r. o..p o.. s..e...d... c.,,..~~nv ;t.h.. e,. v.,,~..,,l,i.. nn, ,,.,,.,th.y.,~ ,,n ..:.h.~~f..~f.t w i, l.l..~ n ,...t,a..pp~~ c.a.. n, t'Ls-w.e.. s..s. t.... .y. g .t i ffe ww 25 - c..t_h_ne; w wn, ww..,mfo.w.,wd.~....a..n.~:.x i ~ w.. .s, w. +.: ....n ~.s ~ v,

esol ve s.

hs.,,. -r ,ny,,ws .,n~. ~,,, v v --..em ,~-w,iwe.,.,. e,.?rea. sons~,~.,r.i t...fe. ren.,ces; and. .f. 26 -.r..- - - -. ias9ap~propr.viate: rev ew em w 27 28 The time duration and number of cycles of strong ground motion are required 29 for analysis of site fcundation liquefact4en potenth1 and fee design of many 30 plant components. The adequacy of the time history for structural analysis is 31 reviewed under SRP Section 3.7.1. The time history is reviewed in this SRP 32 section to confirm that it is compatible with the seismological and geological 33 conditions in the site vicinity and with the accepted SSE model. At present, 34 models for determin htic 14y computing the time history of strong ground 2.5.2-14 O O !iy 1 motion from a given source-site configuration may-be jiisy limited. It is 2 therefore acceptable to use an ensemble of ground-motion time histories from 3 earthquakes with similar size, site-source characteristics, and spectral 4 characteristics or results of a statistical analysis of such an ensemble. 5 Total duration of the motion is acceptable when it is as conservative as 6 values determined using current studies such as References 48, '0, 50, and 51 29}L 69 FsTI_5dM 2. 7 L ~ 8 f_6_r 'sifil_ sit'_166 W_the~ l tijue ffct.i o"n" ^5_ tint.i al at'_thi 's._i ti,_' th's't_ims_ddr'a't i oij s .m ~ m - ~ , d ' n,um.s.b,e,,r o_f~x,s. l es., xf sstr>ong ground motion a,re more cr_iticalssParame er.s a.nd-sn r s .-,~.s ,s.

s...m.

9 an cyc o - ~ 10 Fe"UT_Fs_"Idd_i tib^da_l*E6ns_'de_ Fat _i o_n. " I_f ' h'e"c6, 6tt'o11'in _"e a_f th' 'ua_ke s_' f6'r.'t_he'~s^1, ti ~ - 11 have's'mi'gnit'sdes 'of. less(th~an16?'ths~ time histor'y selected'.for ths.,'ivaluatiori ' f'liqUsfactio'n~potsnti'al must h.' ave ' duration and ' number of strorii), motion 12 o 'cyclis[c'orres'hnding to at least"an event of m'agnitude 6, unliss,a larger 13 p 14 event', if mors'lap~pr'opriat'e. ~ 15 2.5.2.7 Occr tin; B :i: Earthcucke. In aceting the requirc cat; cf 16 Reference 1, thi: ::.::ction i; accept:bic wh^n the vibratory grcund =ctica A 17 for the OBE i; de:cr: bed and the rc: pen: :pectrum (at appropriate d : ping \\ 18 ..,,.._...s,..

u..

4. c,, _. n_u..,u.,,,...,,_,,_..,,+4..-_..,, n__ c,._.. w r.u., m, 19 and 52) hculd b^ used to c:timate the probability of exceeding the CBE during 20 ee 21 cperating lif^ Of the plant. The ::ximum vibratcry grcund =ction Of the OBE 22

hculd bc at le::t one half the ::ximum vibratcry ground =ction cf the SSE 23 unic::

Icwcr CBE can be justified en the b :!: cf prcbability calculations. 24 It h:: been :t:ff practice tc accept the CBE if the return pericd i cr, the 25 crd^r cf hundred: cf years (e.g., ".cf. 31). 26 III. REVIEW PROCEDURES 27 Upon receiving the applicant's SAR, an acceptance review is conducted to 28 determinecompliancewiththepf6p6ssdinvestigativerequirementsof10CFR 29 Part 100, STEtibM10623 Appendix A (Ref.1). The reviewer also identifies 30 any site-specific problems, the resolution of which could result in extended 31 delays in completing the review. 2.5.2-15 i ln p\\ 4 Q)) \\ LJ 1 After SAR acceptance and docketing, thc c area: are ident-ificd wherc {hi 2 RyJW@lSjh{$js]AMisjhillhised additional information is required-to sy@H[QhiRis]W6M(fisjapM;ijihtMisihis]didelign determine the carthquake 3 4 hazeed. These are transmitted to the applicant as dea-f4 requests for 5 additional information. 6 A site visit may be conducted, during which the reviewer inspects the geologic 7 condition; at the site and the region around the site as shown in outcrops, 8 borings, geophysical data, trenches, and those geologic conditions exposed 9 during construction if the review is for an operating license. The reviewer 10 also discusses the questions with the applicant and his consultants so that it 11 is clearly understood what additional information is required by the staff to { 12 continue the review. Fellowing the site vi:it, a revised ct of reque:t: for 13 additional informat4cn, including any additica:1 que:t4cn: that may have been 14 developed during the site.icit, i; fermally transmitted to the applicant. 1 l 15 The reviewer evaluates the applicant's response to the questions, prepares 16 requests for ih, additional clarifying information, and formulates positions 17 that may agree or disagree with those of the applicant. These are formally 18 transmitted to the applicant. 19 The Safety Analysis Report and amendments responding to the requests for 20 additional information are reviewed to determine that the information 21 presented by the applicant is acceptable according to the criteria described 22 in Section II (Acceptance Criteria) above. Based on information supplied by 23 the applicant s;ndOnfornjitjan obtained from site visits, or from staff 24 consultants, or literature sources, the reviewer independently identifies Lshd 25 eVildstas the relevant sci:motectenic province ssi)ml@6uRis, pidisdihi 26 th(if evaluatc; the capability of fault; in the region, and determines the 27 earthquake potential for each province and each capable fault er tectenic 28 steuetuee using procedures noted in Section II (Acceptance Criteria) above. 29 The reviewer evaluates the vibratory ground motion that the potential 30 carthquakes (6;iitE6;111ny]iaiithyshkis could produce at the site and define: 31 hoinppss]thjf[cjroh5Dnst10nif6 tne SSEi safe hutdown carthquake and operating 32 basi: carthquake. O 2.5.2-16 l',, 1 IV. EVALUATION FINDINGS ( 2 If th: :::le:tien by th: :t:ff, On completion of the review of the geologic 3 and seismologic aspects of the plant site, Jfit@[i@jiMiRlgQ$@g 4 confirms that the applicant has met the requirements or guidance of applicable 5 portions of References 1 through 6 @ 3, the conclusion in the SER states 6 that the information provided and investigations performed support the i 7 applicant's conclusions regarding the seismic integrity of the subject nuclear i 8 power plant site. In addition to the conclusion, this section of the SER 9 includes M @ @ yjg (1) definiti :: Of tectenic pr: vin::: $ { @ & 10 @@]e, (2) evel;:tica: Of the capability of geologic structures in the l 11 region, (3) d:t: =inctica: Of the SSE ::rthq :k:(:) :nd J6ifi{F@gj i 12 agt@i~ge^s3@]iis@j{id free-field response spectra b;;;d n ev:13: tin f j 13 the potenti:1 ::rthq :k :, M)}ti@)SEQi*@ (! 4) ;t(i time history of strong i 14 ground motion, :nd (S) dete min:tica: Of th: OSE free field r::p:::: :pectr:. 15 Staff reservations about any significant deficiency presented in the i 16 applicant's SAR are stated in sufficient detail to make clear the precise 17 nature of the concern. M [j @ j y ][j y J Rilf] @ @ @ ] @ H @ 5 sill [jf l8 }@ R M H @y~s'el,7]f((Qf M H@3}Ru@[@3h(ig@@g[g@ 19 (s@@H@{$$((WQ@@ The above evaluations dete=in:ti :: Or 20 r:dete =in:tica: are made by the staff during be n the construction permit 21 (CP), and operating license (0L)[76ib}iiid}llisis[i{(CDQK6I@ild{il@i@j 22 $55QgHij@jjijypyg{jM. I 23 OL applications are reviewed for any new information developed subsequent to 24 the CP ::fety ev:100 tion rep;rt SER. The review will also determine whether 25 the CP recommendations have been implemented. 26 A typical OL-stage summary finding for this section of the SER follows: 27 In our review of the seismologic aspects of the plant site, we have 28 considered pertinent information gathered since our initial seismologic 29 review wh4eh g ifjwas made in conjunction with the issuance of the 30 Construction Permit. This new information includes data gained from 31 both site and near-site investigations as well as from a review of 32 recently published literature. 2.5.2-17 CN [') ? \\ 'v' %j) 1 As a result of our recent review of the seismologic information, we have 2 determined that our earlier conclusion regarding the safety of the plant 3 from a seismological standpoint remains valid. These conclusions can be 4 summarized as follows: 5 1. Seismologic information provided by the applicant and required by 6 Appendix A $isijoD00]2) to 6f 10 CFR Part 100 provides an 7 adequate basis to establish that no capabic fault: M}IEjjs[issfsis e exist in the plant site area wh4eh thit would cause earthquakes to 9 be centered there. 10 2. The response spectrum proposed for the safe shutdown earthquake is 11 the appropriate free-field response spectrum in conformance with 12 Appendix A Se6)il6nJ100Y23f6f te 10 CFR Part 100. 13 The new information reviewed for the proposed nuclear power plant is 14 discussed in Safety Evaluation Report Section 2.5.2. 15 The staff concludes that the site is acceptable from a seismologic 16 standpoint and meets the requirements of (1) 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix A 17 (General Design Criterion 2), (2) 10 CFR Part 100, and (3) 10 CFR Part 18 100,AppendixAISsEfidn1100{23. This conclusion is based on the 19 following: 20 1. The applicant has met the requirements of: 21 a. 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix A, General Design Criterion 2 with 22 respect to protection against natural phenomena such as 23 faulting. 24 b. 10 CFR Part 100, Reactor Site Criteria, with respect to the 25 identification of geologic and seismic information used in 26 determining the suitability of the site. 27 c. 10 CFR Part 100, Appendix A (Scismic and Cecicgic Siting 28 Criteria for &c4 car Pcwcr Plants) SectioQ100?23][(RsfQ{ 29 with respect to obtaining the geologic and seismic 2.5.2-18 O A O 1 information necessary to determine (1) site suitability and i (A) 2 (2) the appropriate design of the plant. Guidance for v 3 complying with this regulation is contained in Regulatory 4 Guide 1.132, " Site Investigations for Foundations of Nuclear 5 Power P1 ants" (kef. 4); DjjfQi@jtifflGjidjlDG3y3g 6 [13@i@{@j@]iCIIa}Tc'@i~a'{@{6f[$5M{$@jQa3 7 Bfjishi{dEEIKhjajkji@ju@l@HE@Xj}))@@ 8 Regulatory Guide 4.7, " General Site Suitability Criteria for 9 Nuclear Power Stations" MHiidlRij]jl6EJ!i) (Ref. 5) W 10 Regulatory Cuid: 1.50, "D :!gr. Re:p;n:: Spectr: f r Sc h=i 11 00:19n of M :le:r P;wer P1:nt:" (Ref. 5). 12 V. IMPLEMENTATION 1 13 The following is intended to provide guidance to applicants ar.d licensees 14 regarding the NRC staff's plans for using this SRP section. 15 Except in those cases in which the applicant or licensee proposes an o 16 acceptable alternative method for complying with specific portions of the 17 Commission's regulations, the methods described herein will be used by the 18 staff in its evaluation of conformance with Commission regulations. 19 Implementation schedules for conformance to parts of the method discussed 20 herein are contained in the referenced regulatory guides and NUREGs (Refs. 4 21 through 8 9). 22 The provisions of this SRP section apply to reviews of construction permits 23 (CP), operating licenses (OL), @yMt%g@{Q pr:limin:ry d :ign ppPevd 24 (PDA), fin:1 d::ign :pprev:1 (FDA), and combined license (CP/0L) applications 25 docketed piffsE((((6s})f6@id3@3Rf60}2Hf6110][C((Pj[tjl06) after the 26 date of is ::n : of this SRP ::: tion. 27 VI. REFERENCES 28 1. 10 CFR Part 100,[PM3Ml@((6Hil!02Q@@jIs@j@jsE 29 $((Mifi[tyGj App:adh A, "Sch=ic :nd 0:01091: Sit 4ng Criterb 30 for Nucle:r Power Plant:." 2.5.2-19 C\\ (~'N ( ) s RJ u i 1 2. 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix A, General Design Criterion 2, " Design 2 Bases for Protection Against Natural Phenomena." 3 3. 10 CFR Part 100, " Reactor Site Criteria." 4 4. USNRC, " Site Investigations for Foundations of Nuclear Power 5 Plants," Regulatory Guide 1.132. l 6 5. USNRC, " General Site Suitability Criteria for Nuclear Power i 7 Stations," Regulatory Guide 4.78.P_F6p.bs. s._di.R.s...V. ff_fB. h. isF_D._G._06.4% 8 6. USNRC, " Design Response Spectra for Scismic Design of Nuclear ^ Power Plants," Regulatory Guide 1.60. 10 7. US NRC, " Standard Format and Content of Safety Analysis Reports 11 for Nuclear Power Plants (KEditjjn)," Regulatory Guide 1.70. 12 8. USNRC, " Report of Siting Policy Task Force," NUREG-0625, August 13 1979. 14 0. N. L. 3:rstew ct al., "An Apprcach to Sci;mic Zonatica for Siting 15 Nuclear Electric Pcwcr Cencrating F:cilitic; in the E;; tern United 16 Stetc;," prepared by Roundcut A :cciates, Inc., for the 'JSNRCr 17 NUREC/CR 1577, M:y 1981. --. M50SaRY"-.tdsht.Tflusfiin. ihii.dIC. 6AEddsFilafi.b~hi~dffSEYinjiE?S31ifi.ss~.idd. 91; N 18 an- ~ ~ 19 Osis~.r_sf6a_ fib.iP.,.6H:..S...i.. _f.s. T,_Sh_..u._t.dssn?.E._aF._tMu._s...k..s7G. F,6.iind.i_H6t_ish..i. ". iDFiff ~ 20 RiplilitbFyICUlds]DG210321: 21 10. C. W. Stever et al., "Scismicity Map; cf the Statc; cf the U.S.." 22 Geelegical Survey Mi ccllancou: Field Studic: Maps, 1979 1081. 23 10 34. R. L. Street and F. T. Turcotte, "A Study of Northeastern North 24 American Spectral Moments, Magnitudes, and Intensities," Bulletin 25 of the Seismolooical Society of America, Vol. 67, pp. 599-614, 26 1977. 2.5.2-20 l / 7- [ l

  • i

\\ ,/ s w/ s v/ 1 n c..m + L.que I,. t_14.,. 4. m, m o,.- t. + L. gl 44.mA.c,.. ,n .n. k l. a. m, + 4. m. m. 11 +,+m, .1 1, A m. 2 National Oceanic and At c;pheric Adminhtratica, U.S. Ocpartment V 3 ef-Ccmmerce, 1982v 4 1,1; 35. O. W. Nuttli, G. A. Bollinger, and D. W. Griffiths, "On the 5 Relation Between Modified Mercalli Intensity and Body-Wave 6 Magnitude," Bulletin of the Seismolooical Society of America, Vol. 7 69, pp. 893-909, 1979. 8 19 T. n. T.mones.u,.A.,,

n.. nasl,

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..,1 . s 10 -Teeknical ",cport Fucal Year 1978 79, Open file "cpert 79 5 SAC 11 (Abridged "cr:ica)," Californh Divhien of "inc: and Cec 1cgyr 12 M797 13 12.:. ,, El:e,y..t i....y Po.:.,,.w.v.v :Res.,<.~ y c., -..e a rcM,n.w...--...stit.U,t.< y c r cj wen.= .U t d, e e e. G.. l i:n...~, .u., esMo~....o Det...w,,wi.e rm. n i...,..~.. t.... ..... ng 14 Di. -si.~9n_i...Ba.s_isT._GF6E..hd.,l_M6.t. id. s_s,7", ?_E_PR. I.T..R. E..R"6. d... ?T. R21. 0. 2293 ~ ~ ~. 15 H. _5f_?I9.9.. 3. j

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.y -.c .s ra or.y; e , c ",Labo,s sp, xt.:.,.v.w.y,. yin.se :.ve.ve s tigw..,t i....... s y. p, .z. y rg v g eering on s.o f,.. So i l s, y,fo.w.c. En.s...c,i n.y.v.w .,.v. g.w. a 20 Malyii;sland] Dis ign[of?Ndclsa5 P6WsMl antC "i R6501 st6Fy[Gdids 21 1.713.8. ;.. 22 14. B. King, "The Tectenic cf North A cric: A D hcussion to 23 Accompany the TceicrJc " p of North America, Scale 1:5,000,000," 24 refc;;ienal Paper 528, U.S. Ccclogica' Survey,19697 a 25 14 23. P. B. Schnabel, J. Lysmer, and H. B. Seed, " SHAKE-A Computer 26 Program for Earthquake Response Analysis of Horizontally Layered 27 Sites," Report No. EERC 72-12, Earthquake Engineering Research 28 Center, University of California, Berkeley,1972. 9 2.5.2-21 A. (N f I l ) <) '%J 1 IS. A. J. Eardicy, " Tectonic 04 vision; cf North A;crica," Bulletin Of 2 the Ameriean A 00ciation of Petrelcum Ccolecists, Vcl. 3S, 195 h 3 15 24. E. Faccioli and J. Ramirez, " Earthquake Response of Nonlinear 4 Hysteretic Soil Systems," International Journal of Earthauake 5 Enaineerina and Structural Dynamics, Vol. 4, pp. 261-276,1976. 6 15. J. S. Hadicy and J. F. Ocvinc, " Sci;m0 tectonic Map Of the E;; teen 7 United States," "ublication MF S20, U.S. Occlogical Survey,1974. 8 16 M. I. V. Constantopoulos, " Amplification Studies for a Nonlinear 9 Hysteretic Soil Model," Report No. R73-46, Department of Civil 10 Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1973. 11 U. M. L. Sbar and L. R. Sykes, " Contemporary Compressive Stres: and 12 Scismicity in E tern North America: An Exampic Of Intra Plate 13 Tcctonics," Sulletin Of the Ccolcaical Society of America, V01. 14 167,'S. OA m, 15 17 M. V. L. Streeter, E. B. Wylie, and F. E. Richart, " Soil Motion t 16 Computation by Characteristics Methods," Proceedinos of the 17 American Society of Civil Encineers, Journal of the Geotechnical 18 Enaineerina Division, Vol. 100, pp. 247-263, 1974. 19 18. .. B. Smith and M. L. Sbarr, " Contemporary Tectonic: and Scismicity 20 of the "c; tern United State: with Empha:i; On the Intermountain i 21 Sci:mic Belt," Sulletin of the Ccclecical Society of America, Vol. 22 -, i. n. T.,A. OE 23 18 N. W. B. Joyner and A. T. F. Chen, " Calculations of Nonlinear Ground 24 Response in Earthquakes," Bulletin of the Seismoloaical Society of 25 America, Vol. 65, pp. 1315-1336, 1975. 26 19. USNRC, " Safety Evaluation Report (Cec 1cgy and Scismology) Related 27 to the Operat4en Of San Onofrc Nuclear Cencr; ting-htien, Unit: 2 28 end 3," NUREC 0712, Februay-498h 2.5.2-22 (' )~ 1 [9, M. T. Udaka, J. Lysmer, and H. B. Seed, " Dynamic Response of O 2 Horizontally Layered Systems Subjected to Traveling Seismic 3 Waves," Proceedinas of the Second U.S. National Conference on 4 Earthauake Enaineerina, 1979. 5 20. D. B. $1c= n:, "Dete =in: tion Of Oc:ign E:rthquake Magnitude: for 6 Micrczen:tica," Proceedine: of the Third Internation:1 E:rtheu:ke 7 Micrezen:tien Conference, 1002. 8 (D M. L. A. Drake, " Love and Raleigh Waves in an Irregular Soil Layer," 9 Bulletin of the Seismoloaical Society of America, Vol. 70, pp. 10 571-582, 1980. 11 21. M. O. S0:1110, R. K. M:rk, :nd J. J. Lienk: caper, " Statistical 12 Rel:tten: 50ng E;rthqu:he M:gnitude, Surface Rupture, Length :nd 13 Surface F: ult Chplacement," Sulletin cf the S:10:01001c:1 Society 14 cf Meric:, V01. 74, pp. 2370 2411, 1904. 15 2{30. USNRC, " Development of Site-Specific Response Spectra," NUREG/CR-16 4861, March 1987. 17 22. T. C. H:nk: :nd H. Kan::cri, "A Mc:ent M:gnitud: Sc:lc," Jcurn:1 18 cf Cecchy:ic 1 Re:ccrch, Vol. Si, pp. 2348 2350, 1070. 19 22 M. USNRC, " Safety Evaluation Report Related to Operation of the i 20 Sequoyah Nuclear Plant, Units 1 and 2," NUREG-0011,1979. 21 M M. USNRC, " Safety Evaluation Report Related to the Operation of 22 Midland Plant, Units 1 and 2," NUREG-0793, May 1982. 23 (( M. USNRC, " Safety Evaluation Report Related to the Operation of 24 Enrico Fermi Atomic Power Plant, Unit No. 2," NUREG-0847, July 25 1981. 26 2,~5 M. T. H. Heaton, F. Tajima, and A. W. Mori, " Estimating Ground y 27 Motions Using Recorded Accelerograms," Surveys in GeoDhysics, Vol. 28 8, pp. 25-83, 1986. 2.5.2-23 im / T /m s () 1 26 37. USNRC, " Development of Criteria for Seismic Review of Selected 2 Nuclear Power Plants," NUREG/CR-0098, June 1978. wm s u, -~~~m- ~ ~ ~ - .7.u.su.y a. g m ~p - y ~~ e.. e s.....w.:.. A. :. r5 w..,,.,,,, e.. r.u,n,,w.....;....r $,..m..,......m aZa. 3 -~~ ~+ ~~ - ~.~a t..mmo...r.,i, ..,43; / a:y.s.ny,,,..;a,.wa,,.. w... . s arac et 2.. m -c x........,.nw..,.;.ys..,..a.u.,..,m,. 4

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g .w mn.sw./un:. w,.no y. wnnun& / n.>.y -,.m..n y ./w.,. n_:g n,. rw:n.. wnw.rnm., c~e.,n..n..wn.e.. r.,.m., r,rel o.n.in, o.,n a.. n..,.,.,o. ra,, no,r.yp.,,;....CR,n..... 1. 5,,,1..,n,;a aw en t v. o m. m .,o .S j M..R..n_I!iM._M E - m 5 28FW"a7_0S'ii..R.xCW".Si.. f. i...tym.fE.VI.T.. u....i...t1B..F.,.~Ri.. p.,0..E._E.R,. s...i.s.,ti, d?t. si..t....f.i.e.w.ic pe. m.. i. d r-si. 6 mx - m D._is. t.i.n,.E. CiK...FUKW6dl.Fm._E.,.Po. WEE,~.P,w,1 sWG.. n,UEf,fs71T..isd? l6 E 6 - ~ n n 7 7 t ,>.x +.. S,m.we -- :.ww,3mLg.No-y,d. y 3 4.,.y 3 -.x,,4 on. e01,9'9.1., u ..l,e, men ._.n . yJu 3-, 8 o .~ 9 29 48. R. Dobry, I. M. Idriss, and E. Ng, " Duration Characteristics of 10 Horizontal Components of Strong-Motion Earthquake Records," 11 Bulletin of the Seismoloaical Society America, Vol. 68, pp.1487-12 1520, 1978. l 13 30 49. B. A. Bolt, " Duration of Strong Ground Motion," Proceedinas of the 14 Fifth World Conference on Earthauake Enaineerina,1973. 15 31.50. W. W. Hays, " Procedures for Estimating Earthqua'.e Ground Motions," 16 Professional Paper 1114, U.S. Geological Survey,1980. 17 32 54. H. Bolton Seed et al., " Representation of Irregular Stress Time 18 Histories by Equivalent Uniform Stress Series in Liquefaction t 19 Analysis," National Science Foundation, Report EERC 75-29, October 20 1975. l 21 38. B. Jcyncr and 0. M. Boerc, "Pc k Horizontal Accclcration and 22 Velocity frc Strong Mot 4cn Record: Including Reccrd frc the 23 1979 Im;crial Valley, California Earthquake," Bulletin of the 1 24 Scismeloc4eMociety of America, Vol. 71, 2011 2038, 1981. 1 25 39. K. ". Campbell, "Nc:r Scurce Attenuatica cf Peak Horizont-al 26 Acceleeat4ca," Bulletin of the Scismolcaical Society of America, 27 ua.,i, _ onen on,n snoi. Tvi 1 4 yy.

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