ML20084R288
| ML20084R288 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Peach Bottom  |
| Issue date: | 11/04/1983 |
| From: | FACTORY MUTUAL RESEARCH CORP. |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20084R284 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8405220277 | |
| Download: ML20084R288 (27) | |
Text
I k m V_n u cfK 2 [
h yst Ots & 277 i do-2_72 FIRE ENDURANCE AND HOSE STREAM TESTS on WALL PENETRATION FIRE STOPS DESIGN WP694 for l PHILADELPHIA ELECTRIC COMPANY 2301 MARKET STREET - N2-1 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19101 J.I. OJ8Q3.AC (4990)
NOVEMBER 4, 1983 ils'i
'r[j' N1 l l Factory Mutual Research 8405220277 840516 PDR ADOCK 05000277 F PDR
l l
NO T to be distributed outside the FACTORY MUTUAL SYSTEM, excspt by CLIENT.
FIRE ENDURANCE AND HOSE STREAM TESTS on WALL PENETRATION FIRE STOPS DESIGN WP694 for PHILADELPHIA ELECTRIC COMPANY 2301 MARKET STREET - N2-1 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19101 J.I. OJ8Q3.AC (4990)
NOVEMBER 4, 1983 E
Factory Mutual Research 1 1151 Boston. Providence Turnpike i P.O. Box 688 l Norwood, Massachusetts 02062
I 1
N,.Wi Factory Mutual Research 1151 Boston-Providence Turnpike P.O. Box 688 Norwood, Massachusetts 02062 0J8Q3.AC November 4,1983 (4990)
FIRE ENDURANCE AND HOSE STREAM TESTS on WALL PENETRATION FIRE STOPS DESIGN WP694 for PHILADELPHIA ELECTRIC COMPANY 2301 MARKET STREET - N2-1 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19101 CENERAL This report describes the construction, the test procedure, and lists the results of fire endurance and hose stream tests conducted on ten through-penetration fire stops installed in a masonry wall. The test was conducted on May 23, 1983, at the National Cypsum Company Research Center, Buf f alo, New York f or Philadelphia Electric Company. The construction and fire test of the assembly were witnessed by a representative cf Factory Mutual Research Corporation.
The object of this test program was to investigate the fire endurance properties of each through penetration fire stop construction in terms of ?
and T ratings based on conditions noted in the Standard Method of Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire Stops, ASTM E814-81.
The penetration seal systems were exposed to fire for a 3-hour duration followed by the hose stream test.
I I
l l
FACTORY MUTUAL RE$gARCH CORPOR A TION Page 2 OJ803.AC '
DESCRIPTION OF MATERIALS l The materials used in the construction of the test assembly are described bel ow:
E Pipe Sleeves - Six and ten inch (152.4 and 254 mm) diameter standard weight steel pipes were used. The 6 in. (152.4 mm) pipe was furnished in two types -
one type having 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) wall thickness with threads on the outside circumference at one end and another type with 5/16 in. (7.94 mm) wall thickness with no threads at either end. The 10 in. (254 mm) steel pipe had 3/8 in. (9.52 mm) wall thickness and was not threaded. All the pipes were 12 in. (304.8 mm) long.
Pipe Couplings - Standard weight steel couplings, 7-1/4 in. (184.2 mm) 0.D.,
4-1/4 in. (108.0 mm) long with approximately 5/16 in. (7.94 mm) wall thicknes s . The inside circumference was threaded along the entire length.
Pipe Plug 1/2 in. (165.1 mm) 0.D. and measured 3/4 in. (19.0 mm) thick at the outer edge having a 1-3/4 in. (44.5 mm) square nut shape top. The plugs appeared to be made of brass or bronze and were marked '106-l/2' . The wall thickness was approximately 1/8 in. (3.18 mm).
Electrical Cables - Two types of cables were used in some of the fire stops.
TI.e diameter and the cable marking are as noted:
A. 10 AWG 2/C ROCKBESTOS 600 V FIREWALL III XHHW NEC TYPE TC (UL). The 0.D.
of the cable was measured to be approximately 0.500 in. (12.7 mm).
B. 8 AWG 3/C ROCKBESTOS 600 V FIREWALL III XHHW NEC TYPE TC (UL) 1979 9849 The 0.D. of the cable was measured to be approximately 0.640 in. (16.3 mm).
Fill Materials - Several different fill materials were used in the various fire stops. They are described below A. Ceramic Fiber - Used in loose form, manuf actured by Babcock & Wilcox and designated as Kaowool.
B. Silicone Foam - Dow Corning 3-6548 Silicone RTV Foam, a two component system.
C. Polyurethane Foam - A two component system made by Insta-Foam Products Inc. and designated as No. 9.5 Froth Pak Kit indicated as having a designed density of 1.75 lb/ft3 (28 kg/m3 ). )
Sealing Material - Quelpf re Mastic 703-5, trowelable, manuf actured by Quelcor.
)
FACTORY MUTUAL RESE ARCH CORPORATION OJ8Q3.AC Page 3 INSTALLATION OF FIRE STOPS The pipe sleeves were installed in a nominal 12 in. (304.8 mm) thick concrete block wall with the block having been laid in a full mortar bed. The wall containing the fire stops was 10 ft (3.05 m) high by 10 ft (3.05 m) wide and the location of each fire stop is shown on Illustration 1. The voids between the concrete blocks and each pipe sleeve were filled with concrete and the cavity in each concrete block next to each sleeve was also filled with concrete. The end of each sleeve or coupling at the fire exposed side of the wall was flush with the wall surf ace except f or Fire S top F which extend ed 5 in. (127.0 mm) beyord the wall surface at the fire exposed side.
The construction of each fire stop penetration is shown on Illustrations 2 through 8. A description of each fire stop follows:
Fire S top F contained nominal 10 in. (254 mm) diameter pipe. All other penetrations contained nominal 6 in. (152.4 mm) diameter pipe sleeves having the 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) wall thickness except Penetration G which used the pipe with the 5/16 in. (7.94 mm) wall thickness.
Fire S top A - Nominal 6 in. (152.4 mm) diameter steel pipe with six cables, three of each type. The cables were placed at random within the sleeve.
These cables were positioned near the bottom of the sleeve, but held away from the sleeve and separated from other cables by approximately 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) using pieces of Kaowool each measuring 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) thick by 1 in.
(25.4 mm) long. These separators were placed approximately 1 in. (25.4 mm) in from the end of the sleeve. The cables extended 3 in. (76.2 mm) beyord each end of the sleeve.
This sleeve was then filled with polyurethane foam applied from the unexposed side with care to assure that the urethane is received below and between the cables using the kit dispenser -- see Illustration 2. The temporary dam which had been previously placed on the exposed side to hold the material in the sleeve , was removed . The excess urethane was cut off flush with the end of the sleeve at the unexposed side.
A 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) thick coating of Quelpyre Mastic 703-B was trowel applied to the fire exposed side in two 1/8 in. (3.18 mm) coats with approximately 5 hours5.787037e-5 days <br />0.00139 hours <br />8.267196e-6 weeks <br />1.9025e-6 months <br /> allotted between appilcations.
Fire Stop B - Same construction details as Fire Stop A except the unexposed side of A is now the fire exposed side of B. This stop received an additional cable of the 2/C type.
FACTORY MUTUAL SE SE ASCH CORPOR AilON Page 4 OJ803.AC Fire S top C - Nminal 6 in. (152.4 mm) diameter steel pipe with a screwed coupling applied. The threaded plug was installed within the coupling and positioned so that its outside surf ace was flush with fire exposed wall surface. The Kaowool insulation was then placed with the sleeve f rom unexposed side f or the full 11-5/8 in. (395.3 mm) depth of the wall. The end of the sleeve projected 2-7/8 in. (73.0 m) beyond the unexposed side of the wall. No cables were contained in this penetration.
Fire Stop D - Same construction details as Stop C except the unexposed side of C is now the fire exposed side of D. End of sleeve flush with exposed side while the coupling projected 2-7/8 in. (73.0 m) beyond unexposed side of wall .
Fire Stop E - Same construction details as Stop C with the exception that no Kaowool insulation was contained in the sleeve.
Fire S top F - Nominal 6 in. (152.4 mm) diameter steel pipe with a screw applied coupling. End of the coupling projected 5 in. (127.0 m) beyond fire exposed side of wall and was capped with a threaded plug. Six cabler were placed within the sleeve, three of each type. Cables were placed near bottom of sleeve. The ends of the cables near the plug were held away f rom the plug approximatly 1/2 in. (12.7 m) with a piece of cured polyurethane. Also the cables were held approximately 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) away f rom sleeve and each other with pieces of cured polyurethane measuring 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) thick by 1 in. (25.4 m) long. Polyurethane was installed as previously described for Fire Stop A and flush with unexposed side of wall. Ends of cables extended 6 in. (152.4 mm) beyond unexposed side.
Fire Stop G - Nominal 6 in. (152.4 m) dianeter steel pipe with end flush with fire exposed side of wall. Also six cables, three of each type, with cables sealed in polyurethane as described for Fire Stop A. The polyurethane was terminated 3 in. (76.2 mm) back from fire side of wall by using a temporary dam. This dam was removed and the 3 in. (76.2 m) deep cavity was fill ed with Silicone RTV Foam af ter a temporary dam was pl aced at exposed side of wall.
Silicone foam was mixed according to specifications aM poured into the c av it y . Temporary dam removed and f oam trimed flush with wall.
A paper cup sample of the silicone foam was taken during installation and the density was determined to be 27 lb per cu ft (432.5 kg per cu m).
Fire Stop 11 - Nominal 10 in. (254 m) diameter steel pipe with end flush with fire exposed side of wall. Also six cables, three of each type, with cables sealed in polyurethane as described for Fire Stop A. The polyurethane was terminated 3 in. (76.2 mm) back f rom fire side of wall by means of a temporary dam. After the dam is removed this 3 in. (76.2 m) deep cavity was filled with Knowool which was installed flush with the fire side of the wall.
Fire Stop I - Same construction as Fire Stop A except that eighteen cables, nine of each typ , were installed.
Fire Stop J - Same construction as Fire Stop B except that eighteen cables, nine of each type, we re in s ta ll ed .
FACTORY MUTUAL RE SE A RCH CORPOR A TION OJ8Q3. AC Page 5 FIRE ENDURANCE TEST This test and the hose stream test were conducted in accordance with the S tandard Method of Fire Tests of Through-Penetration Fire S tops, ASTM E814-81. The standard test furnace of the National Gypsum Company for wall assemblies was used for the test.
METHOD:
The f urnace temperatures were measured by eleven thermocouples symmetrically located in the furnace chamber as shown on Illustration 15. The unexposed surf ace temperatures of the wall, penetration seals and cables were measured with thermocouples as shown on Illustrations 16 through 19 Each thermocouple was covered with a dry asbestos pad, 2 x 2 in. (50.8 x 50.8 mm) to provide thermal insulation, the f urnace fire was started, exposing one side of the assembly to gas flames of controlled severity and extent in accordance with the Standard Time-Temperarue Curve.
Throughout the fire exposure, observations were made to note the character of the fire and its control, the condition of the exposed and unexposed surf aces, and all developments pertinent to the performance of the assembly with re f e rence to stability, passage of flame and generation of smoke.
RE S ULTS :
Character and Distribution of the Fire - The fire was luminous and well distributcd throughout the furnace during the test. The furnace tempratures were controlled in accordance with the Standard Time-Temperature Curve as shown on Illustration 15.
Observations of the Exposed Surf ace - At 3 minutes of fire exposure, the re we re sma ll i n te rmi t ten t flames coming f rom the cables at the bottom row of fire stops (Stops I,11 and J). At 6 minutes, the cables in Stops I and 11 were flaning continuously. The flames were approximately 10 in. (254 mm) long. At 20 minutes , the cables in Stops A and B were flaming. At 35 minutes, the flaming of the cables in S tops I,11 and J was reduced. At 55 minutes, a portion of the pipe plug at Stop F was melted away and small flames were coming f rom the stop.
At I hour, 25 minutes, Stop F was still flaming while at Stop 11 flaming had c eas ed . At S top J small flames continued to issue and there appeared to be a small cavity in the seal material. Stops I and G had small flames coming from it.
At this point it was dif ficult to determine if flames were coming f rom cables or seat material.
1 FACTOsY MUTUAL RESEARCH CORPORATION Page 6 OJ803.AC At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 15 minutes there were small flames coming f rom Stop I, also a crack 1/4 in. (6.35 mm) wide was noted at the top of the stop located between the seat material and the steel sleeve. There were no flames coming f rom S tops F and H. At Stop J there was a slight amount of smoke, but no flames.
1 Most of the cable jackets had been consumed at this time and the smoke was too dense at the top of the furnace to observe these stops. At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 55 minutes there were still small flames at Stop I where the cables meet the l seal material. No further changes were noted on the exposed surface of the assembly for the remainder of the test.
See illustration 20 for a view of the exposed surface after the fire endurance test.
Observations of the Unexposed Surf ace - At 8 minutes of exposure, there was a slight amount of smoke coming f rom around the cables at S top B. By 15 minutes, there was a slight amount of smoke coming from Stops B, E and F.
At 30 minutes, there was an increase of smoke at S top F coming f rom between the pipe sleeve and the seal material.
At 50 minutes, the client desired not to continue the evaluation of Stop E.
The open pipe sleeve was then packed with Knowool. No rating was assigned to this fire stop.
At 55 minutes, all smoke from the fire stops had stopped except for I where a ,
small amount of smoke was coming f rom between the cables. At 70 minutes, there was reduced smoke coming from Stop I. At I hour, 20 minutes, there was a slight amount 7f smoke coming f rom between and around the cables contained in Stops C, I and J. At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 10 minutes, the smoke continued from S tops B, F, G, I and J.
At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 20 minutes, there was a moderate amount of yellow smoke coming f rom S top F. At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 25 minutes, there was heavy smoke coming from Stop F and a small through-opening developed in the seal material of this stop. At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 30 minutes, flames came through the unexposed side of S top F at the top of the seal.
At 2 hours2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br />, 55 minutes, stop I developed a maall through-opening between the seal material and the steel sleeve at the top of the seal. The opening was from 1/8 to 1/4 in. (3.18 to 6.35 nm) wide. The fire in the furnace was visible through this opening; however, flames did not pass through this opening to the unexposed surface. No further changes were noted on the unexposed surf ace during the test. !
l See 111ustration 21 for a view of the unexposed surface at 3 hours3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br /> of exposure.
I
FACTORY MUTUAL RE SE ARCH CORPORATION OJ8Q3.AC Page 7 The pressure in the f urnace chamber was 0.04 in, of H O2(9.96 Pa) below atmospheric pressure throughout the fire test. The pressure was measured at the center of the furnace.
Temperatures at Unexposed Side of Stops - The temperatures that developed during the test and the thermocouple locations are shown on Illustrations 16 through 19.
A T rating may be assigned each fire stop that satisfies the fire endurance and the hose stream requirements of the ASTM E814-81 Standard. The T rating is based on the transmission of heat through the fire stops during the rating peri od . The T rating is determined by the rise in temperature on the unexposed surf ace of the fire stop or on any penetrating item. The temperature rise cannot be more than 3250 F (1630 C) above the initial tem perature . The initial temperature was established to be 75 F (2400) due to recalibration of the equipment.
FACTORY MU TU AL RE SE ARCH CORPORATION Page 8 OJ803.AC HOSE STREAM TEST The same wall containing the fire stops used for the Fire Endurance Test was s ubjec ted to the hose stream application af ter 180 minutes of fire exposure.
METHOD:
The exposed and unexposed surfaces before the hose stream test are shown on Illustrations 20 and 21.
Immediately after fire exposure of 180 minutes the assembly was subjected to the imp ac t , cooling and eroding action of a hose stream for 90 seconds. The stream was delivered through a National Standard Playpipe having a 1-1/8 in.
(28.6 mm) diameter discharge tip. The distance from the tip of the nozzle to the wall assembly was 20 ft (6.1 m) less 2 ft (609.6 mm) due to the angle of the nozzle with respect to the center of the wall. The pressure was 30 psi (207 kPa) measured at the nozzle base and the hose stream was applied uniformly over a 7-1/2 ft (2.29 m) high by 8 f t (2.44 m) wide surf ace area of the wall assembly with the fire stops centered within this area.
Throughout the test, observations were made to note the general condition of the test assembly resulting from the hose stream application, and all other results considered pertinent to the performance of the fi re s tops .
RESULTS Obse rvations During the Hose Stream Test - During the hose stream test water projec ted beyond the unexposed side of S tops A, B, F and I. Water did not project beyond the unexposed side of Stops C, D, G, H and J.
Observations Af ter the Hose Stream Test - The appearance of the exposed and unexposed surf aces of the assembly after the application of the hose stream and subsequent cooling are shown on Illustrations 22 and 23.
Fire Stop B - At the fire exposed side most of the seal material had been e r od ed . At the unexposed side the stop was intact except the water stream had caused the mastic material to pull away from the steel sleeve at the top creating an opening for water to project through the stop.
Fire Stop C - There was no noticeable change at the unexposed side of the stop. On the exposed side some of the pipe plug had deteriorated and the Kaowool was visible behind the plug.
Fire Stop D - There was no noticeable change on the unexposed side of the stop. On the exposed side some of the Knowool was either dislodged or pushed back within the sleeve.
FACTORY MUTUAL RE SE ARCH CORPOR AilON f OJ8Q3.AC Page 9 Fire S top E - Evaluation of this stop was terminated at 50 minutes by the Client. See discussion under heading -- Observations of the Unexposed Surf ace.
Fire Stop F - The pipe plug had disintegrated and there was no polyurethane present, however, the cables remained in the opening.
Fire S top G - There was no through-opening in the seal. At the unexposed side the polyurethane was discolored. On the exposed side a majority of the silicone material had been removed.
Fire Stop H - There was no through-opening in the seal and no noticeable change at the unexposed side except a small area of discoloration of the seal near the cables. On the exposed side a large amount of seal material had been removed.
Fire Stop I - There was a through-opening of the seal; however, most of the material had been removed f rom the stop. The cables remained in the sleeve.
Fire Stop J - There are no through openings in the seal and no noticeable changes of the stop at the unexposed side. At the exposed side a large cavity existed where the seal material had eroded.
l
. _-- _- - - - - - - - - - - - - ----- - a
._mus i FACTORY MUTUAL RE SE ARCH CORPORATION Page 10 OJ803.AC CONCLUSIONS Fire Stops C, D, G, H and J satisfied the fire endurance and hose stream requirements of the ASTM E814-81 S tandard of Through-Penetration Fire S tops for a 3 hour3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br /> F rating.
Fire Stops A, B, F and I f ailed to satisfy the requirements of the ASTM E814-81 S tandard f or a 3-hour F rating.
The fire testing of Fire Stop E was terminated at 50 minutes into the test by the Client. No rating was assigned to this penetration.
Fire Stops C, D, C, H and J achieved T ratings based on the transmission of heat through the fire stops during the rating period. The T rating is determined by the rise in temperature on the unexposed surf ace of the fire stop or on any penetrating item. The temperature rise cannot be more than 3250 F (1630 C) above the initial temperature which was established at 750F (240C). Stops C and D achieved 3 hour3.472222e-5 days <br />8.333333e-4 hours <br />4.960317e-6 weeks <br />1.1415e-6 months <br /> T ratings; G and J achieved I hour T ratings and H achieved a 2 hour2.314815e-5 days <br />5.555556e-4 hours <br />3.306878e-6 weeks <br />7.61e-7 months <br /> T rating.
PRACTICAB ILITY:
To obtain the desired protection, it is necessary to specify the composition and thickness of materials, and the methods of construction as described in this report.
PRODUCT UNIFORMITY:
Factory Mutual Research Corporation makes no judgement of product uniformity solely as a result of ASTM E814 firm tests. Product uniformity depends in part on manuf acturing f acilities and procedures which would be inspected under Factory Mutual's Audit of Manuf acturing and Quality Control, and on a written agreement in force between both the product manuf acturer and Factory Mutual.
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