ML20079N041

Suppl 1 to Brunswick Steam Electric Plant Cape Fear Studies,1979 Monitoring Program

ML20079N041
Person / Time
Site:	Brunswick
Issue date:	12/31/1979
From:	CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT CO.
To:
References
RTR-NUREG-1437 AR, NUDOCS 9111110056
Download: ML20079N041 (325)

Text

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I SUPPLEMENT 1 BRUNSWICK STEAM ELECTRIC PLANT CAPE FEAR STUDIES It g

I 1979 MONITORING PROGRAM '

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. CAROLINA POWER & LIGHT COMPANY ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY SECTION I

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I 9111110056 791231 PDR NUREO 1437 C PDR

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l I SUPPLEMENT 1 i

Brunswick Steam Electric Plant Cape Fear Studies I

l r 1979 Monitoring Program LI I

I Carolina Power & Light Company Environmental Technology Section I-April 1980 I -

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e TABLE OF CONTENTS l

L Pan List of Tables...... ............ ....................... iii

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( List of F1gures........................................., vi

~ 1.0 Introduction........................................ 1-1 2.0 Larval Fish......................................... 2-l 2.1 introduction... ................................ ... 2-1 2.2 S t a t ion De s c rip t io n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

{ . 2.3 Mertsds and Materials............................... 2-4 2.4 Results and Discussion.............................. 2-5 2.4.1 Hydrography....................................... 2-5 2.4.2 Dominant Species.................................. 2-6 2.4.3 Sire Distribution................................. 2-6 2.4.4 T empo::a1 Dis t r ibu t ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.4.5 Spatial Distri.bution.... ......................... 2-8 2.4.6 Larval Density Trend (1974-1979).... ............ 2-10 2.5 Conclusions.................. ..................... 2-11 2.6 References............. ............................ 2-13 j 3.0 Entratament......................................... 3-1 3-1 g 3.1 Inrroduction........................... ..... .. ...

3.2 Methods and Materit.1s............................... 3-2 3.3 Results and Discussion.............................. 3-2 3.3.1 Entrainment Densities and Volumes................. 3-3 3.3.2 Length Frequency............................ . ... 3-6 3.3.3 D i e l Va r i a t io n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

] 3.3.4 Flow Reduction.... ......................,........ J-10 1 3.3.5 Trend Analysis - Entrainment - 1975-1979.... ..... 3-11 3.4 Conclusions.................... ............. ....... 3-12 3.5 References.................................. ....... 3-15 4.0 Nekton.............................................. 4-1 4.1 Introduction........................... ............ 4-1 l 4.2 Description of Sanpling Stations.................... 4-1 l 4.3 Methods and Materials...................... ........ 4-3 4.4 Results and Discussion..............................

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.. Hydrography....................................... 4-4 4.4.2 General Trends.................................... A-5 4.4.3 Species Accounts.................................. 4-6 Total Organisms............ .................... . 4-6 Spot.............................................. 4-6 I Croaker........................................... 4-8 Bay Anchovy.............. ....... .... ... ...... 4-8 Menhaden... ................... ..... ............ 4-9 Trout........... .................. .....'........ 4-10 Floundet..... .......... .................. ...... 4-11 Mullet.. .... ......... .......................... 4-12 Otter Fiafish.. .................................. 4-12 Shri=p........ .................... . ........... /-12 Elue Crabs........................ ............ . 4-14 Other Shellfish...... .... . .... ....... .. ..... 4-14 Miscellaneous Species.. ...... ... ........... . . 4-15 1

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Table of Contents (continued) 4.5 Comparison of 1979 CPUE with Earlier Years. . . . . . . . . . 4-15 4.6 l 4.7 Conclusions..................................... ... 4-16 W References.......................................... '- 20 5.0 Impingement......................................... 5-1 5.1 Introduction............. ............ ............ 5-1 5.2 Metnods and Materials............................... 3-2 5.2.1 !=pingement Sampling.............................. -2 5.2.2 Diversion Device Sampling......................... 5-5 5.3 Imp 1ngement......................................... 5-5 5.3.1 Results................... ....................... 5-5 5.3.2 Discussion........................................ 5-7 5.3.2.1 Finf1sh......................................... 5-7 Bay Anchovv..................................... 5-7 Spot............................................ 5-7 Croaker......................................... 5-6 Menhaden....................................... 5-9 Trout..............................,............ 5-9 Fl o u n d e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 '

Mu11et.......................................... 5-10 Other F1nfish................................... 5-11 5.3.2.2 Shellfish....................................... 5-11 Shr1mp.......................................... 5-11 Blue Crab....................................... 5-12 Other Shellfish.... ............................ 5-13 5.3.2.3 Miscellaneous Species... ....................... 5-13 5.4 Diversion Dev1ce.................................... 5-13 5.4.1 Results.................................... 4,.... 5-13 5.4.2 Discussion........................................ 5-14 O Spot.............................................. 5-14 E Croaker........................................... 5-15 Menhaden.......................................... 5-16 5.5 Conclusions......................................... 5-16 5,6 References...............

.......................... 5-20 6.0 Co n c l u s 1o r.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 I

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List of Tables Table page 2.1 Trip numbers, sampling dates, and number of larval samples colletted in the Cape Fear River estuary, September 1978 - May 1979. . . . . . . 2-15

• 2.2 Larval fish identification guidelines . . . . . . . . 2-16 2.3 Standard length conversion fr m total length. . . . . 2-17 2.4 Total density and percent total of fish and Penneid shtimp collected in the riier larval fish project, September 1978 - May 1979 . . . . . . . 2-18 2.5 I Results of analysis of variance for river larval fish study, September 1978 - thy 1979. . . . . 2-20 2.6 River larval fish trend analysis, Stations 21, 24, 25, September 1974 - May 1979 . . . . . . . . . . 2-21 3.1 Trip numbers, sampling dates, and analysis I periods of larvae and postlarvae entrained at

.the BSEP, 1978-1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 3.2 Total density and percent total of fish and I Panacid shrimp collected in the entrainment larval fish project, September 1978 to May 1979 . . . 3-17 I 3.3 Entrainment races, September 1978 to May 1979, for total fish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 3.4 Entrainment rates, September 1978 to May 1979, for spot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20 3.5 Entrairment races, 'Septe:6ar 1978 to May 1979, for creaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21 3.6 Entrainment rates, September 1978 to May 1979, for tLlounder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22 3.7 Entrainment rates, September 1978 to May 1979, for menhaden. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23 3.8 Entrainment rates, September 1978 to May 1979, for mullet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24 I 3.9 Entrairment rates, September 1975 to May 1979 for shrimp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25 I

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List of Tables (centinued)

Table a Pay;e, 3.10 Results of analysis of variance for entrainment, September 1978 - May 1979 (Mean Length) . . . . . . . 3-26 3.11 Results of analyns of variance for entrainment, September 1978 - May 1979 (Jensit'/) . . . . . . . . . 3-27 3.12 Entrainment trend analysis, 1975-1979 . . . . . . . . 3-28 4.1 CP&L/UNC stations with respective CP&L gear types . . 4-21 4.2 Nekten sampling trips and effort. . . . . . . . . . . 4-22 4.3 Nekton study species total number and percent total by gear type, Jan. - Aug. 1979. . . . . , . . . 4-23 4.4 Ranking, by gear, of the 10 most abundant. fish caught in the Cape Fear estuary, Jan. - Aug. 1979 . . 4-26 4.5 Results of ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range comparison for nekten CPUE data . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 5.1 List cf species used _in length frequency l analy sis. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21 =

5.2 A comparison of impingement races, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22 5.3 Species list of orgsnisms impinged at SSEP, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 I E

5.4 Expanded monthly impingement data, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31 l 5.5 The ten most abundant species and percentage I of the total impingement catch, l September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-44

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l' 5.6 Number of bay anchovy ;.= pinged per million cubic meters of water entrained during each month, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-45 5.7 Number of spot impinged per million cubic meters of water entrained during each month, l September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-46 5.8 Number of croakar impinged per million cubic 3 meters of water entrained during each month, 3 September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-47 I

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List of Tables (continued)

Table Page I 5.9 Number of menhaden imp 3: .;ed per minion cubic meters of water entrained during each month.

September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-48 5.10 Number of trout impinged per million cubic meters of water entrained during eacn month, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49 5.11 Number of flounder impinged per million cubic metet s of water entrained during each month, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-50 3.12 Number of mullet impinged per million cubic meters of water entrained during each month, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51 5.13 Number of shrimp impinged per milh:n cubic I meters of water entrained durint e.ga month, September 1975 - August.1979. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-52 5.14 Number of blue ers5 impi:_ _ a per million cubic I' .

meters of vater entrair.ed during each month, September 1975 - August 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-53 I 5.15 Diversion device study species total numbar and percent total, Januacy - September 1979 . . . . . 5-54 5.16 Catch per unit effort by species and station I for diversion device study - January 197 9 -

September 1979. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-56 I

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List of Figures Figure Pm 2.1 CPSL monitoring stations - larval fish program . . . 2-22 2.2 Mean salinity by group for river larval fish project. September 198 - May 1979 . . . . . . . . 2- ?.3 2.3 Mecn temperature by group for river larval fish project. September 1978 - May 1979 . . . . . . . . 2-24 2.4 hean length of river lar .e by group.

September 1978 - May 19i9, species = spot . . . . . 2-25 2.5 Mean length of river larvae by group, September 1978 - May 1979, species = croaker . . . . 2-26 2.6 Mean length of river larvar oup, September 1978 - May lo' is = menhaden . . . 2-27 2.7 Mean length of river larvae by group, September 1978 - May 1979, species '- shrimp . . . . 2-28 2.8 Mean length of river larvas by group, September 1978 - May 1979, species = flounder. . . . 2-29 2.9 Mean length of river larvae by group, 3epteuber 1978 - May 1979, species = mullet . . . . 2-30 2.10 Log 10 ***" d*"81EY DY $# "E I# # 1"" # 1^#V"1 project, species a spot. September 1978 - May 1979 . 2-31 2.11 mean density by group f or river larval Logk0 fic project, species = croaker. September 1978 -

May 1979 . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . 2-32 2.12 Log 10 ean density by group f or river larial f1sh project, species = menhaden. September 1978 -

May 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33 2.13 Log 10 mean density by group f or river larval fish project, species - shrimp. September 1978 -

May 1979 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34 2.14 Log 10 ""*" *"" 7 Y E# "E ' *# 1 * "'"

fish project, species = flounder. September 1978 -

May 1979 . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25 vi

I List of Figures (continued)

Figure Page 2.15 mean densicy by group for river larval Log 0fisg roject, species = mullet September 1978 -

May 1979 . ..................... 2-36 2.16 Log y me speckes,an density by 1973-1979 . . surf

. ac2 ' bottom for selected

. . . . . . . . . . . , , . 2-37 2.17 me Logb9es,andensitybyday/nightforselected spe 1973-19M . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 2.36 2.18 mean density by surf sce/ bottom versus LogNight day for selected sper: 1es . . . . . .. , . . . 2-39 2.19 River trend analysis, 1974-1979, stations 21, 24, 25 . ...................... 2.40 3.1 Log *" *7 ' "# * """"'"*

• 197h0***"ies=totalfash.

, spec . . . . . ... . .. . 3.-29 3.2 Log 10 mean density of ' arvae entrainad,1974 to 1979, species = spot . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 3-30 3.3 Log 10 mean density of larvae entrained,1974 to 19't y , species = croakec . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 3-31 3.4 Log mean density of larvae entrained.1.974 to 197h0, species = flounder . 3-32 5

3.5 Log mean density of larvae entri.ined,1974 to 5 10 1979, species = menhaden . . . . . . . .. .. . . . 3-33 3.6 Log 10 mean dencity of larvae entrained,1974 to 1979, species = mullet . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 3-34 3.7 Log mean dendty of lanae entrained, M to 10 1979, species = shtinp . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 3 33 3.8 .Mean length by day-night of larvae entrained (September 1978 - May 1979), species - spot . . . . 3-36 3.9 Mean length by day-nignt of larvae entrained l

(September 1978 - May 1979), species = croaker . . . 3-37 =

3.10 Mean '.ength by day-night of larvae entrained (September 1978 - May 1979's , species = flounder. . . 3-38 I

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DELrg P_agg )

1 Mean length by day-night of larvae entrained I 3.11 (September l's78 - May 1979), species a menhaden.. . . 3-39 )

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(3 3.12 Mean length by day-nignt of larvas entraine:

5 (September 1978 - May 1979), species = mullet . . . 3-40 l

1- 3.13 Mean length by day-night of larvae entrianed (September 1978 - May 1979), species = shrimp . . . 3-41 3.14 mean density by day-night of larvae j Logkined, enth 1978-1979, species = total fish . . . . . 3-42 3.15 Diurtml Log 1 density of larvae entrained, i e March 13-14,01979, species a total fish . . . . . 3-43 g 3.16 mean density by day-night of larvae 1 l LoghNined, ent 1)78-1979, species = spot . . . . . . . . 3-44 I l

-I 3.17 Diurnal Log density of larvae entrained April 3-4, N79, species a spot 3-45 l

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3.18 Lc 3 10 mean density by day-night of larvae ]

entrained, 1978-1979, species = croaker . . . . . . 3-46 l 3.19 Diurnal Log 3g density of larvae entrained, j l

= April 10-11, 1979, species = croaker . . . . . . . . 3-47 i I 3.20 Log 10 mean analty by day-night of lanae entrained, 1976-1979, species = flounder . . . . . . 3-48

.m 3.21 Diurnal Log 1 density of larvae encrained,

g March 27-28,01979, species = flounder . . . . . . . 3-49 i

i. 3.22 ma.an density by day-night of larvae logkined, enth 1978-1979, species a menhaden . . . . . . 3-30 3.23 Diurnal Log 1 *"8 7 ' # "" * "" ##'"*

'tarch 27-28,01979, species a menhaden . '. . . . . 3-51 l

3.24 Log mean density by day-ntght of larvae l

enthkined, 1978-1979, species = mullet . . . . . . 3-52

( 3.25 Diurnal Log d l 1979, specibb =ensity mullet .of

. .larvae

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. . . . . . . March 6-7, 3-53 l 3.26 Log 10 mean density by day-night of larvae l entrained, 1978-1979, species = shri:p . . . . , . . 3-54 I

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List of Figures (continued)

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figure page 3.27 Diurnal Leg g density et larvae entrained, Ap ril 10-11, 1979, specios = shrimp . . . . . . . . 3-55 3.28 River trend analysis, 1974-1979, stations 21, 24, 6 25 . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . 3-56 3.29 Entrainmet.t density by year (trend) . . . . . . . . 3-57 4.1 Map of CP&L nekton sampling stations . . . . . . . . 4-30 4.2 Average water temperatures (C) by station for nekton study, Jan.1979 - Aug.1979 . . . . . . . . 4-31 4.3 Averngs salinities (ppt) by station fer nekton s tudy , Jan. 197 9 - Au g . 197 9 . 4-32 5

. . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 . l. Average catch per uni". ef fort (CFUE) by station a for small traw.a for nekten study, Jan. 1979 - g Aug. 1979. Species = spot, age = young of year . . 4-33 4.5 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station -E for large trawls for nekton study, Jan. 1979 - 5 Aug. 1979. Species = spot, aga = young of year . . 4-34 4.6 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for large travis for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = spot, age = juvenile & adult . 4-35 S

4.7 Average catch per unit ef f ort (CPUE) by station S for small trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = spot, age a juvenile & acult . 4-36 4.8 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for f nekton sts.dy, Jan - Aug. 1979. Small trawls i species = spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27 4.0 -Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nektop study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Large trawls g species = spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38 g 4.10 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by station f or gill nets for nekten study, Jan.1919 - l Aug. 1979. Species = spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39 3 4.11 Relative length frequency by sampling trip fe g nekten study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Cill nets species a spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-40 g

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List of Figures (centinued)

Figure Page 4.12 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by s:ation f or large trawls f or nekten study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = croaker, age = young of year . 4-41 4.13 Average ct.tch per unit ef f ort (CPUE) by station f or small trawls for nekron study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = croaker, age = young of year . 4-42 4.14 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station f or large travis f or nekten study, Jan.1979 -

Aug, 1979. Species = croaker, age = juvenile &

'I adult . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43 4.15 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for I nekton study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Small trawls species = croaker . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44 I 4.16 Average catch par unit effort (CPUE) by station f or small trawls f or nekten study , Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = bay anchovy . . . . . . . . . 4-45 4.17 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Small trawls species = bay anchovy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46 4.18 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for small trawls f or nekten study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species a menhaden, age = juvenile &

I 4.19 adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average catch per unit ef f ort (CPUE) by station

. . . . . . . . 4-47 I for large trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 - l Aug. 1979. Species = menhaden, age = juvenile &

adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 's-48 4.00 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for large trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = canhaden, age = young o_ year. 4-49 4.21 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for nekton s tudy, Jan. - Aug.1979. Small trawls species = nenhaden, age = juvenile & adult . . . . . 4-50 4.22 Relative langth frequency by sempling trip f or nehton stucy, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Large trawls species = menhaden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-51 I

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List of Figures (continued)

Figure Page 4 . 23 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small travls species = menhaden . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 4- 52 4.24 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekten study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Gill nets species = menbaden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53 4.25 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for small trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1579. Species = weakfish, age = young of year. 4-54 4.26 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by station for large trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 - g Aug. 1979. Species = veakfish, age = young of year. 4-55 3 4.27 Average catch per unit effort (CPLT) by station a f or small trawls for nekten sr.udy, Jan.1979 --

Aug. 1979. Species = weakfish, age = juvenile & E adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . , 4-56 4.28 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by station for large trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = weakfish, age = juvenile &

adult . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . . 4-57 4.29 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small trawls E

, species = weakfish . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . 4-58 5 4.30' Relative length f requency by sampling trip for a nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Largo trawls 4-59 g

species a- veakfish . . . . . . . .... . . . . . .

4.31 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) b'; station $

for large trawls for nekton study, Jan. 1979 - E Aug. 1979. Species = spotted seatrout . . . . . . . 4-60 4.32 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station f or small trawls for nekten study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = spotted seatrout . . , . . . . 4-61 4.33 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for E nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small trawls species a spotted seatrout . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-62 4.34 Relative length f requency by sampling trip f or nekten study, Jan - Aug.1970 Large trawls species = spotted seatrout . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63 x1 ,E,,,

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List of Figures (continued)

Figure Pane

.l 4.35 Average catch per unit effort (CPU 2) by station W for gill nets for nek*an study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = spotted seatrout . . . . , , . 4-64 4.36 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Gill nets species = spottod seatrout ............. 4-65 4.37 Average catch per unit effort (CPt'E) by s tation for small trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = southern flounder, age =

juvenile 4 adult . . . . .... ......... 4-66 4.38 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station I for large trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Au g . 19 7 9. Species = southern flounder, age =

juvenile & adult . . . . .... ......... 4-67 4.39 Relative length f requency by sampling trip for nekten study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Smull trawls species = southern flounder ............ 4-68 E. 4.40 Relative length f requency by sampling trip f or nekton . study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Large trawls species = so sthern flounder ............ 4-69 4.41 Averaga catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for small trawls for nekten study, Jan.1979 -

I Aug. 1979. Species = southern flounder, age =

young of year . . . . . .............. 4-70 4.42 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by statien I tor large trawls for nekten study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = southern flounder, age =

young of year . . . . . .............. 4-71 4.43 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for small trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = summer flounder, age =

-I young of year . . . . . .............. 4-72 4.44 Relative length frequency by sa.pling trip f or I nekten study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Small trawls species = su=mer flounder ............. 4-73 4.45 I Average catch per unit ef rort (CPUE) by station f or large tra"la f or nekten s tudy, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species a mullet ............ 4-74 I

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Il List of Figures (continued) 1

_ Figure Page 4.46 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by station for small trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Au g . 197 9. Species = mullet . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-75 ,

4.47 Relative length frequency by sampling trip f or I!l nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small trawls i species = mullet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76 4.48 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small trawls species = brown shrimp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-77 4.49 Relative length frequency b.* sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Large trawls sp'ecies = brown shrimp . . . . . .. . . . , . . . . 4-78 4.50 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by Station f er small trawls f or ne.hton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = brown shrimp . . . . . . . . . 4-79 4.51 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for large trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = brown shrimp . . . . . . . . . 4-80 4.52 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station for small trawls for nekten study, Jan.1979 - "

Aug. 1979. Species = pink shrimp . . . . .. . . . 4-81 3

4.53 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by station 3 f or large trawls for nekten study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = pink shrimp . 4-82 I

4.54 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekten study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Small trawls species = pink shrbp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-83 4.55 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug.1979. Large trawls species = pink shr 6p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-84 4.56 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by station f or small trawls for nekton s tudy, Jan.,1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species = white shtimp . . . . .. . . . 4-85 4.57 Average catuh pe* unit effort (CPUE) by station f or large trawir for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aug. 1979. Epecies = white shrimp . . . . . . . . . 4-86 I

m1

I E .

List of Figures (continued)

Figure Page I 4.58 Relative length frequency by sampling trip for nekton study, Jan. - Aug. 1979. Small species = white shrimp . . . . . .. . . . .

trawls

. . . . 4-87 4.59 Average catch per unit effort (CPUE) by a ta tion for small trawls for nekton study, Jan.1979 -

Aag. 1979. Species a blue crabs . . . . . . . . . . 4-88 4.60 Average catch per unit ef fort (CPUE) by stai:1on for large trawls for nekton study, Jan. 1979 -

Aug. 1979. Species a blue crabs . . . . . . , . . . 4-89 5.1 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Anchoa mitch1111, March 197 6 - Augus t 197 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-57 5.2 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using I one month inter /als over time for Leiostomus xanthurus, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . 5-61 5.3 a-d Relative f requency plots for species lengths using I one month intervals over time for Micropogonias undula tun , March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . 5-65 I 5.4 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Brevoor:ia tyrannus, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . , , . . 5-69 5.5 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Cynoscion nebulosus, March 1976 August 1979. . . . . . . . 5-73 5.6 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Cynoscion regalis, >brch 1976 - August 1979 5-77 I -

5.7 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Paralichthys dentatus, ihrch 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . . 5-81 5.8 e-d Relative f requency plots for species lengths using one mouth intervals over time for Parallchthys 1,ethostigma, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . 5-85 S J a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using

, g one month intervals over time f or Mugil cephalus, j g March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-89 l

lI l

X1V LI

I I

, List of Figures (continued)

Ficure Pace 5.10 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over the for Mug11 curema, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-93 5.11 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Penaeus aztecus, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . . 5-97 5.12 a-d Relative frequency plots for species lengths using one month intervals over time for Penaeus a duorarum, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . . 5-101 g 5.13 a-d Relative fr quency plots for species lengths using one month .atervals over time for Penaeus E settf erus, March 1976 - August 1979 . . . . . . . . 5-105 5 5.14 Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of young-of-year spot a by station for diversion device study, January -

September 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-109 I 3.15 Mean length (mm) by station for diversion device study f or young-of-year spot, January -

September 1979 . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-110 5.16 Relative length frequen y by month for diversion device study, 1979. Small trawls species =

spot . .. ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-111 E

5.17 Relative length fraquency by month for diversion 5 device study,1979. Small trawls species '

croaker. 5-112 I

5.1B Mean length (mm) by station f or diversion device study f or young-of-year croaker, January -

September 1979 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-113 5.19 Relative length f requency by month for diversion device study,1979. Small trawls species =

menhaden . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-114 5.20 Mean length (mm) by station for diversion device study f or adult menhaden, January - Sep.tember 1979 . 5-115 I

I I_

I 1.0 Introduction In September 1976 Carolina Power & Light Company (CP&L) ini'tiated a two-year study ained at characterizing the Cape Fear estuary (CFE) and determining the ef fects of the operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant (BSEP) on the aquatic ecosystem. In developing this I program, CP&L and its consultants utilized the pre-1976 data base, the hearing record from the June 1976 adjudicatory het ing, and input from the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries and Division of Environmental Management. At three- to four-month intervals, each investigator presented a short progress report te members of a review committee consisting of representatives of the agencies participating in the June hearing. This committee had the opportunity to direct questions to each investigator and suggest changes in the overall program.

I In September 1978, at the termination of the intensive two-year study,

& long-term monitoring program was developed and initiated by CP&L.

The set. dies were substantially reduced in scope from the two-year program as they were not intended to gather new information on biota transport or abundance in the Cape Fear River. Instead, thef were designed for continual monitoring of both the plant's cropping rate (entrainment and impingement) and the trends in relative abundance of fish and shellfish in the lower estuary. The gear and methodology were kept as identical as possible to those used in previous program: so that direct comparisons could be made over time. Dr. Robert Monroe of NCSU I assisted in the design to assure that the monitoring data were amen le to statistical comparison with previous data and for noting long-term trends. The long-term monitoring program consists of four separate studies--two dealing with larval fish and shellfish and two dealing with older life stages. This report on the long-term monitoring program is a supplement to the multivolume set of Cape Fear Studies that is summarized in the CFS Interpretive Report (IR). References are made in the text to these reports. -

I_

R 1-1 I

I Section 2 examines the larval and postlarval populations of fish, shrimp, and crabs in the open portions of the CFE. Station locations ranged from the vicinity of Southport north to Buoy 43, which is several miles below Wilmington. The stations were primarily located in the ship channel or in tidal creeks. Replicate samples were collected every two weeks at surface and bottom depths during the day and at night. In this manner the species composition, size distri-bution, and relative abundance of larvae in the CFE could be estimated.

This section of the report covers the period September 1978 through g

May 1979 but makes comparisons where possible to earlier data. 5 Comparisons of these data with those collected over the past six years gave trends in abundance and strengthened the conclusions in the CFS that the plant is not having an adverse environmental impact on the CFE.

Section 3 examines the cropping rate of the plant through entrainment.

Entrainment refers to the passage through the plant's condensers of g those organisms too small to be retained by the plant's trash racks or 5 traveling screens. To document the cropping of larval and postlarval fish, penaeid shrimp and portunid crabs, larval nets fitted with flow-meters were used to collect samples in the discharge sluiceway. The discharge sluiceway was used because after passage through the plant the organisms were voll mixed and. 'refore, evenly distributed in the water column. Eight samples with replicates were taken during a 24-hour g sampling period once a week. The numbers of larvae and postlarvae. E entrained were determined by expanding net catch densities in relation to total cooling water flow. This section of the report covers the period September 1978 through May 1979 and also makes compaiisons with earlier data as reported in the multivolume Cape Fear Studies.

Section 4 exan'.nes the nektonic populations of the lower CFE. A 41-foot trawl was used at the deeper stations, and a 21-foot trawl plu; a 100-yard a gill net were used at each of the shallow stations. Samples were collected every three weeks to determine the relative seaschal abundance, species composition, and size d1stribution of the juvenile and adult fish and shellfish. This section of the report covers the period January through 1-2 B.

I i August 1979 and =akes comparisons to nektonic studies of a sinilar design that had been conducted from 1973 :hrough 1973, as reported in -

the mul:1 volume Cape Fear Studies.

Section 5 of :his report exar_ines the cropping of juvenile and adult I fisn and shellfish by the plant impingement. Organ 1s:s that are drawn in with the cooling water but are too large (:ypically over one inch) to pass through the plant are collected by :he plant's traveling screens. Ivery two to three hours :he organisms are washed off :he screens and transported back to the estuary by C?SL's nekten return boat, the Ms. SLUICE. Cne day a week (over a 24-hour period) the organts:s are diverted to a collectica basket and examined. The results I of chese examinations yield a good esti= ate of the plant's cropping rate by species and size group. 1: pin gemen t studies have been conducted since the first intake pump was started in January 1974 Also contained !.a Section 5 is a su==ary of a diversion device study condue:ed afte a one-half inch screen mesh fence was installed near the nouth of the intake canal in an ef fer: to prevent larger fish from enterdag the intake canal and being impinged, lasta11ation of this experi antal diversion device was completed in January 1979, I and it was considered effective through mid-May 1979 when 1: began to break away. I: has since been repaired.

Conclusions on the trends of abundance of larval and juvenile and adul finfish and shellfish, the ef fectiveness of the diversion device, and the impact of :he plant's entrainmen: and impingement rates are presented I in Section 6.

I I

I I

-3

2.0 Larval Fish 1

t 2.1 Introduction North Carolina State University (NCSU) conducted a comprehensive study of larvae and postlarvae in the Cape Fear estuary (CFE) from October 1976 through August 1978 (CFS, Vol. Vll). In September 1978 Carolina Power & Light Company (CP&L) initiated a long-term larval monitoring program based on the intensive NCSU study, but reduced in si:e and scope.

There are two periods of peak abundance of larvae in the CFE (CFS, Vol. Vll). One peak runs from about May to September (summer) of,each 1 year, consisting mainly of anchovies (Anchoa mitchilli and A. hepsetus),

. seatrout (Cvnoscion nebulosus and C. regalis) and gobies (Cobiosoma spp.

and Gobionellus spp.). The second peak starts about December and continues through early April of each year (winter), consisting of spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), e naker (Micropogonias undulatus),

flounder (Paralichthys lethostlema, P. dentatus and P. albigutta),

menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) and mullet (Mug11 cephalus and M. curema).

g The three species of penaeid shrimp overlap these periods of abundance, B with the brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus) generally occurring in the late winter to early spring and the white ( P_. setiferus) and pink (P. duorarum) shrimp occurring during the summer.

The summer samples contain large numbers of organisms per sample and had not been analyzed at the time this report was prepared. They will be discut - ' ,n the next CFS supplement. This section covers only the data allected from September 1978 through May 1979 (Trips 1-19);

therefore, only those species which enter the estuary during the winter period will be discussed. These data will be compared with data collected during the tso-year NCSU studies' winter periods. Addi-tional data collected by NCSU prior to the comprehensive two-year study will also be analyzed for localized long-term effects. These NCSll data are trom September 1973 through September 19/6 and include CP&L Stations 21, 24, and 25 (Hodson, Schneider, and Copeland 1977; Copeland and Hodson 1977).

2-1 1 - - - -

a. .- -- .- _ _ - . - _.- -.

I 2.2 S tation Desc riptions Nir.e stations were thosen for the monitoe m pecgram, consisting of sLt mid-channel stations, two tidal cw ... 'ons, and one station h the intake canal r. ear the plat - (T ,. An additional station located on the vest side ,;f the ship c ne. ..S miles (2.9 b) so .i th of the intake area in price's Creek (Station 19) was sampled from January 30,1979, (Trip 11) through April 25, 1979, (Trip 17). Eight of the monitoring stations chos~c are the same st:tions used b' NCSU in their tve-year intensive larial fish program ar '. retain the same

~

'e ation numbers used in that program (Copeland and !!odson 1977, Copela id,

odso's, and Moore 1979) .

Statipn 11 is located in ?urthan Creek apprnimately 0.6 mile (1 b) g upstream f rot. its intersection with the Intracoastal Watert ay. It is 5 a shallow water station with a mean low vater (miv) depth of 3.3-6.6 feet (1-2 m). Because of the shellow depth, there is little or no dif f erence obserted between surf ace and octeem i.ydrography (temperature and salinity).

Sytton 1S is the only permanent station in the monitoring program that var not toverSd in the NCSU study. It is located in the ship channel, south of Buoy 15 where the river passes betvaen Battery Island and Southport. Bis is the closest station to the ocean. Water depth is approximately 40 f eet G 2 m) at m1v.

Station 21 is in the intake canal approximately 650 feet (200 n) f:om I

the BSEP intake s tructures. Comporiron can be made be:veen catches at this station and entrain ~.unt data. This area is about 16 f eet (5 m) desp at alv.

Station 2/. is located in Walden Creek imediately downstream from the old highvay (River Road) bridge. This stat 1En is approximately 1.5 miles (2.3 k=) upstream from the intersection of the : anal and the creek. Water depth is 5-10 feet (1.5-3 m) at siv.

l l

l 2-2 l

I I Station _d is located in the river chann-

...eth of Buoy 19, in the vicinity where the intake c nal meets the river chainel. Statien 25 I. is approximately 3.3 miles ($ km) from the BSEP intake structure.

Water depth is about 41 feet (12 m) st alw.

I Station 27 is located sn the river channel north of Buoy 23, about 2.4 miles (3.6 km) upriver from Station 2.5. The scuchernmost channel to Sunny Point Military Terminal originates here. Water depth at m1w is about 40 feet (12 m).

Station 37 is located in the river cha. 41 south of Buoy 29, about 6.6 miles (9.9 km) upriver from Station 25. At this location the intracoastal Watetvay branches off the river channel to the northeast

't

- through Snows Cut. Water depth is about 40 feet (12 m) at m1w.

O Station 34.is locateo in the river channel north of Buoy 37, about

> I 10.8 miles (16.2 h:n) apriver from Station 25. The north channel from Snows Cut joins the river channel at this point. Water depth is about 40 feet (12 m) at m1w.

Station 41 is located in the river channel south of Suoy 43, in the

, vicinity of Campbell Island about 14 miles (22.2 km) upriver from Station 25. This ts the uppermost station tu the monitoring program.

.I Until Jcnuary 1979 this station was not sampisd during heavy freshwater flow. Heavy freshwater flow was determined by the bottom salinity at Station 34 being less enan 10 ppt . Since this only occurred twice, Station 41 was permanently added. Water depth is about 40 feet (12 m) at alv.

Tor sampling purposes the estuary was divided into four sections my I SCSU (CFS, Vol. VII). The sections were lettered A through D extencing f rom the mouth of the estuary toward Wilmington. For the CPLt.

I monitoring program, stations were likewise sectioned into greuns using 3

the same NCSU group designations: Stations 11, 18, and 19 were in Group A; Stations 21, 24, 25, and 27 were in Group B; Stations 34 and 37 were in Group C; and Station 41 was in Group D.

I 2- 3

I 2.3 Methods and Materialg Larvae and postlarvae in the CTE were samphd twice in a 24-hour period, every two weeks (Table 2.1) . Stations vore sampled once during the day and once at nignt. Sampling was usually a gun at least an hour after sunrise and sunset. The time for a complete run deperded upon the weather and the amount of detritus in the sampiss, but usually all nine stations were sampled within a 5-hour period.

Samples were collec ted with 505 micron mesh plankton nets mounted on rectangular or square frames. The surf ace nets were attsched to 80-cm E

(31.5 inches) square frames which were lastened by a pivot to the 3 deck of the boat. Two surf ace nets, one on each side of the boat, were simultaneously fished just below the surf ace of the water to provide replicate %=ples. Simultaneous replicate bottom samples were obtained using a sled on which a frame containing two 505 micron mesh plankton nets were mounted. The rectangular nets were attached side by side in 104 cm (41 inches) high cy 51.4 cm (20.25 inches) wide openings.

g General Oceanics Model 2030 flow =ecers were suspended in the mouth of 3 each net. The sled was towed with 36.6 meters (120 feet) of rope attached to the runners of the slad. The runners kept the nets about 15 cm (6 inches) above the bottom. Salinity and temperature measure-ments were taken from the surface and bottom at each station using a E Tisher immersion themeaeter and an American Optical Model 10419 E refractemeter. Bottom water samples were collected with a Kcamerer g

water sampler. 3 Surf ace and bottor larval samples were collected simultaneously.

Stations were resamp'.ed if there was more than a 2,000 revolution dif f erence between the flow meters 1. replicate nets c, if there wre less than 3.000 revolutions recorded on any meter. Nets were washed using forced water from a water pump and bose. Each sample was g p' reserved in 10% formalin in numbered plastic jars. Usually a total 3 of 72 samples were collected during each sampling trip, although 80 samples were collected when Price's Creek was sampled (Table 2.1) .

2-4 I

_E a - ,

I In the labora:ory the preserved s tmples were washed to remove formalin, and all fish larvae and postlarvae, l.cnaeid shrimp postlarvae, portunid crab megalops, and blue crabs were picked out using a 3X magnifying lamp. Juveniles and adults of these taxa were also pro.essed I

although they were seldom collected. Organisms were identified to the lowest practical taxon (Table 2.2), measured (total length of up to 100 fish and shrimp), and counted. NCSU recorded length m6asurements in standard length (SL). To permit length comparisons, a conversion equation was utilized to co apute standard length from total length (Table 2.3). All comparisons wete done using these converted lengths.

Organisms collected in this program af ter Septetber 1,1979, will be measured using standard 24ngth.

I To assure accuracy in sample processing, a quality control check was performed on each set of samples. This consists of randomly selecting 12.5*. of the samplot. which hed been previously picked twice and having different people again pick through the residue. If a deviation of 5% or more of the total number of larvae recevated on the first sort I was found in the second pick, the entire set was reptcked. This process was used to check the accuracf and ensure consistency in identifi-cation, measuring, and counting organisme.

2,4 Results and Discussion 2.4.1 Evdrographv For comparison purposes, calinity at temperatura measurements were ccmbined by group (i.e. , A, B, C, or D s detailed in Section 2.2).

Salinity ranged from rero te near ft.11 strenSth ocean water (Figure 2.2).

Overall, salinities were highest during the fall (19-33 ppt) and lowest in the spring (0-18 ppt). By group, salinities were highest downstream in Group A (9-33 ppt) and lowest upstream in Group D (0-21 ppt) with intermediate salin. ties recorded'for Groups 3 and C.

I 2-5 lI

I l Bottom salinities were higher than surface salinities. These Il l observations are a result of a combination of the Cape Fear River freshwater flow and tidal influences and are connistent with observations J recorded over the past ten years. Additional information on salinity gradients can be found in Section 4.3 (ep 4.16-4.20) of the Interpretive B'

m Report.

The water temperature recorded during this study ranged from a lov of I

6 C (42.8*F) during Trip 12 to a high of 27 C (80.6 F) dur'ng Trip 1 with practically no dif f erence among the f our groups (Figure 2.3) .

Typically lowest temperatures were recorded in February (Interpretive g Report, Section 4.4). EU 2.4.2 Dottinant Species Ninety-six taxa of fish and .:hellfish were collected between September 1978 and May 1979 (Table 2.4). To facilitate analysis, eight major species or species groups were chosen because of their abundance and g

commercial / recreational importance for a more detailed examination W (see interpretive Report, Section 5.1.1). Six of these species or taxa represented over 65% of the total number of fish and shellfish collected during Septeabet through May 1979. Croaker represented 33.5%;

spot, 19.4%; menhaden, 3.9%; shrimp, 4.5%, flourder, 2.8%: and mullet, 1.3%. Two other species groups, seatrout and anchovies, represented almost 10% of the total, but the majority of these species were not 7 seen until later in the year, after the 1970 data cutoff in May.

2.4.3 Size Distribution Spot uere first collected at a mean length of around 10 c:m (standard length) (Fig. 2.4). Their size increased to a mean length of around 22 mm during their peak abundance before decreasing in size near the end of recruitment. Croaker were first collected at around 7 mm and "'"

gradually increased to 12 mm (Fig. 2.5). They remained about the same size throughout recruitment before showing a rapid increase in size at the end of recruitment. Menhaden were first ecliected at around 2-6 I

_I

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E f

M 19 mm and increased to 27 mm during the peak period of reertiitment (Fig. 2.6). Shrimp collected during the fall (prebably pinks and whites) were around S-9 mm during their period of abundance (Ffg. 2.7).

The spring recruitment of shrimp (ptcbably browns) started at a larger size (12-13 mm) and gradually decreased to around 10 mm near the end of recruitment. Flounder were first collected when around 9 mm in size They increased to around 13-17 mm in size by the end of I

(Fig. 2.8).

recruttuent. MuU et were collected wnen around 20-23 mm (Fig. 2.9).

1.arvae in the upstream areas were significantly larger than those

~

downstream. This agrees with NCSU data (CFS, Vol. VII) . During the period of peak abundance, spot were 1-3 mm larger in Group D than those found in the other groups (Fig. 2.4). This characteristic was even more pronounced for croaker with as much as a 5-mm difference I- etween Groups A and D (Fig. 2.5). This difference is even more appreciable when it is realized that these fish are only 13-20 mm in length. Shrimp and menhaden showed little size difference among the

, four groups. Flounder appeated to be slightly larger in Group D during recruitment but exhibited a large increase in size at the end of recruitment (Figures 2.7, 2.6, 2.8).

I Mullet were caught in too few numbers to make any length comparisons.

This is prooably due to the low gear efficiency for mullet due to their behavior of swimming at the surface, while our surface nets sample just

~

below the surf ace and their ability to avoid the net by high swimming speeds compared to spot (Rulifson and Huish 1975).

2.4.4 I

Temporal Distribution of 1.arvae The arrival, period of peak recruitment, and the time of the cessation o' recruitment for each species were essentially the same in the 1978-79 season as they had been in the two previous seasons. A comparison of Figures 2.10 through 2.15 in this report with Figures 7.2 through 7.7 in Volume VII of the Cape Fear Studies confirms this fact. Spot recruitment started in December and extended into the first part of April all thrau I years. In 1978-79 spot larvae may have continued to enter the CFE an additional two weeks longer, perhaps as a rest.lt of colder temperatures.

I 2e I

Croaker were collected from September through May in all three years with the large densities collected in the upstream areas during the

=

end of recruitment.

) Menhaden exhibited a shorter recruitment period and were collucted from Febt ary through May. In all three years, the highest catches were recorded near che end of Parch and during the first of April.

Brosn shrimp recruitment started in March, peaked in April, and decreased to near zero in May before the summer recruitment of pink

. and white shrimp started.

Likewise, flounder recruitment occurred a., expected December to April, with the greatest densities found near the end of February and the first of March.

Mullet recruitment was initirted in December and extended through the first of May in 1976-77 and 1977-78 with a peak near the end of g 3

f February or first of hatch. The 1978-79 data show the same pesk, but 3 the period of recruitment only lasted f rom Decenber through March.

2.4.5 Spatial Distribution of Larvae E

Subsequent to recruitment, certain behavioral mechanisms involving the I-net upstream tidal drift on the bottom of the ship's channel are used by the larvae to move to upstream nursery areas. 9.esponses to light and depth enable the larvae to utilize tidal currents te reach the upstream areas (CFS, Vol. VII).

An examination of 14rval data collected by NCSU hows that croaker, shrit:p, :.ad flounder are much more abundant near the bottom than they are a; the surface during the day. Mullet, on the other hand, have g

'0een consistently more abundant on the surf ace than the bottom. E

• IiI i

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2-8

I Menhaden are usually more abundant on the surf ace, although these dif f erences are not significant. Figure 2.16 illus trates tha t this behavioral characteristi: of these species has not : hanged since 1973.

Another obvious phenomenon is the higher densities collected at night I as ccmpared to the daytime cat:hes. All of the representative species, e.xcept menhanen, were caught in significantly higher densities at night. This characteristic has held true since 1973 (Tig. 2.17) .

Menhaden had in the past been :allected more abundantly at night, but in 1973-79 the daytime densities were higher.

uring the reported period (September through '.iay), spot densities averaged just over 10/1000 m during the day, while they averaged over 3 3 70/1000 m at night. Croaker averaged 1,1000 m during the day and I 13/1000 m at night; shrtsp, 5/1000 m during the day and 13/1000 m at night; ficunder, 2/1000 m during the day and 16/1000 m at nights.

I mullet, 2/1000 m3 during the day and 1-5/1000 m3 at night; and eenhaden.

6/1000 m during the day and 5/1000 m at night (Tig. 2.17).

The larger total number of larvas pressat in the estuary seen in ni;;ht-4 timo densities is due to their vertical movement up in the water column.

I It is very probable that since our nets mounted on sleds do not sample the very bottom 15 cm (6 in) of the water column, the daytime bo ttom samples are not representative of the true abundance of larvan. Reduced catches, especially during daylight hours, could be the result of net avoidance by organisms. Althaugh, as sxplained '.n '7elume VII (Saction 6.2.1), this is not the only reason.

I The ANOVA tests show that the interaction of depth by day / night was highly signif t: ant (0.00; probability) whi:h is consistent througnout the I study pe:11od for all species except Senhaden, which showed i lower significance (.1190 probability) for the depth by day / night interaction I f or lo7 9 (Table 2.5) .

surface and bottom Spot, flounder, and brown shr.mp show nean densities at night to be tery similar. This is due to their migrating to ne surface at night. The resulti:q interaction 2-9 I .

I arises from the fact that bottom daytime and bottom nighttime densities are very similar but surf ace daytime densities were extremely lov, usually apprcachin;, sero even during periods of peak density. 3 Croaker showed slight varf ation of this pattern because they did no*. migrate to the surf ace in large numbers even at night (Fig. 2.18).

Croaker densities at the surface at night were seldom as high as daytime or nighttime densities at the bottom. They were, however, higher than surf ace daytime catches, g

5 ,

2.4.6 Lawal Density Trend (1974-1979)

A trend analysis of larval densities in the Cape Fear River estuary for Stations 21, 24, and 25 which are in the vicinity nearest the intake (Fig. 2.1) for the years 1974-1979 is shown in Tab 2e 2.6. All species except brown shrimp shov an upward trend in larval densities.

g The downward trend of brown shrimp can be clearly attributed to the 3 cold winter of 1.977 and the high freshwater flows in 1978 since this trend was observed in other North Carolina estuaries and in the Gulf of Mexico. As stated in the Current Fisheries Statistics, "The unusually cold winter of 1977 accounted for both the lover catch (shrimp) and a marked change in the species composition of the catch" (RIFS 1978). It occurred again in 1978 and the Current Fisheries g Statistics stated "As in 1977, the unusually cold vinter as well as S heavy spring rains accounted for the lover catch of shrimp (in 1978)"

(RIFS 1979). Thus, although the overall trend has been downward for

' shrimp, there was a substantial increase in 1979 densities,

.cating that the brown shrimp is recovering from the disastrous years of 1977 and 1978 (Fig. 2.19) with almost a five-fold increase from 1978 to near the 1975 and 1976 levels, g

5 The upward trend in larval dent.ities ranged f rom 3.0% per year (menhaden) to 30.0F. per year (spot) (Table 2.6) . As stated in the Interpretive Report, Section 5.3.2.7, statistical analysis for each species .uggests that some of these trends can be explained in terms of the year-to-year fluctuations in abundance or to the random sampling 2-10 a_

_n . -.

l or both; but the weight of the combined evidence clearly suggests a healthy escuary with no increases in plant entrainment.

Trend lines in:1uding 95* confidence interval estimates of the true population densities are plotted in Figure 2.19. Dif f erences among years were partitioned into a trend component proportional to the size of the linear increase (or decrease) and a deviation component I proportional to the si:e of the year-to-year fluctuations around the trend lina. The errot component used to judge the significa' ice of the first two was computed f rom the discrepancy between sampling periods within year s. The percent change per year is calculated from the slope of the trend line, and the relative standard deviation is the square root of the error mean square expressed as percent of aserage density. The latter is included because it represents the I intrinsic random error encountered with each species. The logarithm of the densities was analyzed throughout. (Inrerpretive Report, Section 5.3.2.7).

2.5 gnelusions Spot, croaker, menhaden, brown shrimp, flounder, and mullet cons ti tu t e I the majority of larval nnd postlarval fish in the Cape Fear estuary during the period f rom September to May (Table 2.4) . The arrival and departure time of particular larval speciec into the estuary has been consistent through the years 1974 to 1979. Spot occurred f rom December to April, croaker from September to May, menhaden f rom February to May, brown shrt.np f rom March to May, flounder f rom December to April, and mullet f rom December to May. During this same five-year period.

E night densities were greater than day densities and bottom densities were greater than surf ace densities, with an increase of surf ace densities at aight (Figs. 2.16, 2.17, and 2.13) .

Another characteristic commen to each year is the' movement, concen-tration and growth of most species upstraam f rom the intake canal area.

A typical example is that of spot. Af ter the initial recruitment of I lar/ae from the ocean, there is a rapid dispersion of spot lar/a e e

I 2-11 I

throughout the estuary. During the latter part of tne recruitment I

period when new waves of recruits seem to be entering the downriver sections, the mean size in the upriver sections is larger than the downriver sections indicating growth of those organisms upriver (Fig. 2.4). This is even more pronounced in croaker (Fig. 2.5).

Trend analysis performed on spot, croaker, menhaden, brown shrimp, flounder, and mullet to indicate long-term effects show increasing numbers ot~ 1arvae over the years from 1974 through 1979 with the exceptien of brown shrimp which showed a doeward trend (Fig. 2.19).

This downward trend can be explained us a response to the colder E

temperatures experienced in 197t 178 and the heavy freshwater 5 flow during recruitment of 1978, esp , ally since shrimp densities showed a large increase in 1979. Censidering the overall increase in larval densities, it appears that the plant is having no adverse enviroamental impact.

I I

5 I

I I

i I

E 2-12 I_

- . - . , , , . _ . _ _ _ , ., , - - ., ,__-,-_ , , . , ,. c_ _ _ . .- . . . _ . . , _.r. . , _ _ __. , , ,--.., . .

E I 2.6 References i 1. Brunswick Steam Electric Plant. 1980. Cape Fear Studies, Interpretive Report. 432 pp.

and W. S. B1rkhnad. 1972. Some ecological studies

2. Copeland, B. J.,

of the lower Cape Fear River estuary, ocean outfall, and Dutchean Creek, 1971. Report to Carolina Power s Light Crmpany, Raleigh.

101 pp.

3. Copeland, B. J., and W. S. Birkhead. ly73a. Baseline ecolvgy of I thu lower Cape Fear River estuary and ocean off Oak Island, N.

1971-72. Report to Carolina Power & Light Company, Raleigh.

C.,

391 9p.

4 Copeland, B. J., W. S. Birkhead, and R. G. Hodson. 1974 Ecological monitoring in the area of Brunswick Nuclear Power Plant, 1971-1973.

Report to Carolina Power & Light s'ompany, Raleigh. Cont. 36.

183 pp. and appendices.

5. Copeland B. J., and R. G. Hodsco. October 1977. Larvae and post-I- larvae in the Cape Fear estuary, N. C. 1976-1977. Report to Carolina Power & Light Company, Raleid , 4 C. 46 pp. and appendices.

6. Copeland, B. J., R. J. Monroe, and R. C. Hodson. July 1979. Larvae and postlarvae in the Cape Fear River estuary, N. C., during operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, 1974-1978. North Carolina State University. (Vol. VII, Cape Fear Studies).

7. Hobbie, J. E. 1971. Some ecological measurements of the Cape Fear I River, S. C.

N. C. 107 pp.

Report to Carolina Power & Light Company, Raleigh, B. Hodson, R. G., J. W. Schneider, and B. J. Copeland. 1977 Assess-

.nent. of entrainment during one-unit operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric P2 ant, 1974-1976. North Carolina State University Report to Carolina Power & Light Company, Raleigh, N. C.

9. National Marine Fisheries Service. 1978. North Carolina Landings, I Annual Summary 1977. Current Fisheries Statistics No. 7514 National Marine Fishery Service.

I

10. National Marine Fisheries Service. 1979 North Carolina Landings, Annual Su= mary 1978. Current Fisheries Statistics No. 7816, National Marine Fishery Service.

I 2-13 I

-__. . . - . . - - - - - ~ - - - - . .. . - - - . ~ ~ . - . - - . . . - . . . - - - . _ _ _

11. Rulifson, R. A. and M. T. Huish. December 1975. Temperature and I

current velocity ef fects on juvenile striped mullet, spot, and pinfish swtming perf ormances. Report to Carolina Powet & Ligh: "

l l Company, Raleigh, N. C. 45 pp.

1979. High :narsh study.

I

12. Weinstein, M. P. Report to Carolina 3 :

Power 6 1.ight Company, Raleigh, N. C. (Vol. IX, Cape Fear Studies). ,

i i

I.

E I'

P I

I 1 E

R, I

I 3

1 1

2-14

,. , . . - - . . -. _. .._,.._.,._,,,.,.e,__,....,,,-..-,,,m,____,.y._ ,.,,,-y-.v.,,,__,.. ..eym.__m.,,,.y,.,

_. _ . . _ _ _ _ _ _ . - . _ . . . _ _ _ _ _ - _ ___ _..___.~ _ . _ _, _ _ _ _._. _ __.

Table 2.1 Trip numbers, sampling dates, and numbur of lawal I samples ce:lected in the Cape 7 ear River estuary.

3eptember 1970 - May 1979.

( of $ ample

• Trip Data Collected 1 9/12-13/78 72 2 9/26-27/78 72 3 10/10-11/78 72 4 10/21.-25/70 72

$ 11/7-S/78 72 -

6 11/ 21-2 u78 72 7 12/5-6/78 68*

3 12/18-19/78 64*

9 1/4-5/79 72 10 1/16-17/79 72 11 1/30-31/79 80**

, 12 2/13-14/79 80**

13 2/27-28/79 80**

14 3/12-13/79 80**

15 3/27-28/79 80**

! 16 4/10-11/79 80*

• 17 4/24-25/79 80**

l

.8 5/8-9/79 72 I 19 5/22-23/79 72

• Station 41 not sampled because of heavy f reshwater flow.

• • station 19 (Prices Creek) sampled.

I e

l-I 1

1 2-15 l

E

..._.-.r, . . _ . - _ . _ , _ _ . . . . _ , _ _ - . . . _ , . _ . . - , . _ _ _ . . . . - . . _ - , _ . _ - . . _ - .

I l-Table 2. 2 1.arval fish identification guidelines.

Family Identification invel, E Clupeidae (herring) Species Engraulidae (anchovies) 12 =n 3 and over - Spectos 11 =n 3 and under - Genus Atherinidae (silversices) Fa=11y below 25 =n %

Centrarchidae (sunfish) Genus - except f or M ierot, tam:s salmoides Carangidae (jacks) Genus - before ray developnen:

Species - Efter ray developnent Garreidae (mejarras) Genus only Uranoscopidae (stargazers) Genus only 31enn11dae (biennies) Tamily only Gob 11dae (gobies) '

1. Gobionellus Genus - unde' 3m Genus - unde. 2; -a ~ . ,

2. Gobiosome

3. Microgobius Genus only Trig 11dae (sea robins) Fa=ily - under .5 n 3 ,

Bochidae (flounder) Ge=us - under 25 =n 3 Cynoglossidae (soles) Genus - only prior :o caudal 9 ray developnent, : hen :o species E Portunidae (svd d*g crabs) g 1, Megalope Genus - only count g 1, Juveniles Species - count and nessure

'All other fish she"1d be taken to species unless nutilated or rare.

I I

I 2-16 E_

. . - . - - - - - - . . . ~ _ . - - - - - - - - . . _ - . - -

I  :

I 4

TABLE 2.3 STANDARD LENGTH CONVERSION FROM TOTAL LEUCTil SIANDARD = A + B (TOTAL)

,,,,,B,_,,,_,_

R' Fish A

' SPECIES 0.7850 98 50 Spot 1.1026 .

0.7751 92 125 Croaker 0.5592 .

85 25 Menhaden 0.3151 0.8699 .

33 25 Flounder 0.7477 0.7643 .

0.8421 95 25 Mullet -0.1232 .

0.7972 .99 25 ,

Anchovy 1.3392

.99 25 Weakfish 0.5928 0.7270 I

I I 1 I .

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T I)1 Al. DEOS11Y Auft PFH CF tti 10i AL_ OF F I Sit Also pet 4 Ar lo setn g HP C Ot_L t:C it o (

I Ant f 2.4 I!4 IltF H I VF 81 L A14V AL F 1531 PROJECT. SEP TE MIT ER 19Fn 10 MAY 19ro.

SPs:Cif S COMMON 84 A HF OfHS81y sN s>C Ftal

?>PF -C- 10 5 SC If fli I r IC to4HF

- - - - - - - - - - - . - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ ~ - - - - - , . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,

A IL At4 T IC CitO AKER 29,980 32 33.40 l filCROl'OGONI AS tlNtalLATUS 872471.23 5 9.1n '

trIOSIDHUS x At4 5 t et tsats S SPOT GODIOSOMA SPECIES MEl24.2T 9.90 GunIOSONA 5 8'f CIES 62858 4T T.06 A 18 tfit Ita l D AF SILVENSIDES A t4CIIO V V SPECIES StTS9.42 S.02 I AtsC a tO A SPECICS 4.45 I PEPAAEUS SPECIFS pet 4AFlu SitRIMP 3 % 32. 3 tl A ll Atti IC kF.448 8 A DE f 4 34550 54 3.00 l OttEVOORI I A T Yi1 Attt4US 22469.19 2.52 -

m W e tOA Ml!CillLLI fl AY At4CilOVY 8 8' Alt At_ IC8tiltVS SPEC 105 F L OutaOF84 2iO4I.60 2. M t.A G O O nl4 tiHDMilO R D ES l'Ilif I Set .

IHT67.95 2.8I 94t1G il CE 5't t At_ US s i tt I pet > Hutt.E Y IB4T2.83 8.29 j 518t I 8'E D A f 4CitO VY c56 3 69 8.03 g A tJCllO A f il.P SE T US 0.67 +

G Ott i Osit.L 1.t35 SPEClI?S G OD I O t4E t_ LU S SPECEE5 S92O.t4 fit.re414 81 D AF CCHOIOGilt fit Flatst F S 4954.42 0.SD l SOtf T e stitti i LO4f MDEf1 343T.TS O.39 $

P All AI. ICil18tVS W liiOSI IGM A 1342.26 0.85 3 C YtaOSc I nta DEG AL I S W E A M t: I Sit M I Cl40GOu t tf 5 SPECIES 1346.TO O.ts i MirstOGottills SPECIES 8119.64 0.83 Gutit utst Lt.teS DOLEOSOMA D A84 TFil GOtif ,

1 u AliGli t t L A DOSiftATA A 4 Fit 1 C Ate FFt. 1119.42 0.83  ;

fl A I18D 1011. A C8tliv $tfit A &036.IO O.12 <

1 cr.3 S '. HPlitlHilS Pt.A G i tJS A S it "E f t l't DCII Ot. ACKCHEC K tot 3 Gut f" ISit S91 56 0.11

• MY140t's t t S PtitaCI A T US SPECKLEO WunM CEL 966.25 0.11 854tGui4 4 AS Cit O H i s (1L ACK Of4UM F'n.36 0. o rs

• SKIIt.FIF Stg rOS.5r 0.00 Gflu E (? SO M S II4 (D40 SUS 0 011 s* A f t At. l Cl41 sty S At O I Gtli I A GtX f F L OtfleDE f t 66t1 19

. laOH iltEn ti P I PE F I Sil C.4c.04 0.OT  ;

SVt?Gt4 Allius FlfSCUS 0.0T Et_HPS t_t:PT OCf PetAt 135 i AOYF IS88 L AftV AE 623 50 . I C l lisAf t ICitittys SPEC IES Witf FF $EN1O O . O rr 3?6.09 0.04  !

Olli t aitPet i S T I S Ce tP YSOP IF it A f* l Gt' I Se t

• C Afri 3r.9.89 0.04 C Y PitttatiS C AftI*I O 341.20 0.04 t tita%tsOW14 IltI G L I D A li SE 484tillI M SYt4Gif A llilfS t. illi t S I At4AE Cit A fil P IPES:lSit 2.14 . fs T O.C3 Lit 4K t40 wt4 F ISit 158.59 0.02 titiKilO wlt (31588 SYt400US f~OE 11 tes I t4Setu p F 1 I Z Aftur lSet 6 'l l . n 3 0.02 138 1T O.O2 At. US A SPEC 1 l' S I EftftII4G t39.4? O.O2 Et1C I OOST UMtss SPEC I ES Mp3 Anst A SPOTTCO St ATPutfi 144.55 0.02 C Y t40SC IOtt f er titiL O St ts 198.581 0.02 -

DOOH f i AT Ost f 4 AClit_ A T U S TAT StiE PE R

's 84 5 DUL US 11I GtsF AD SE AftOOItt 108.39 G.OI Pit 1 Ot40105 OpstICilittOS GOPESI Sit 8t i M I' E E t_ 8C'.51 0.08 Sf AI3t Ann GaulY 9 40 0.01 Giltll OSOt4 A G i l8 Sill:11G 1 2N.6S 0.08 SC I Art:03'S OR t. t. A T A 540 0 DittfM S U M M E ll FLfEJt40Elt 8 2 . 381 0.08 7 8' AD AL. I CalittV S hEtt1 A ltJS 77.TO O.08 C Att AtIM SPFCitS JACK AllAttltC HUMPElf TT.04 0.01

( 811 (lHOSCOMOGUS C l84 Y S U88H S 72.26 0.01 t l'PHHI S SPECIr3 Sutar i Sat GOHlutit t.t.its $1tur g g 014 ritr Sitw A T Elt GO f t Y 72 04 0.01 K tesGF Istt 6 6. T5 0.08 Mi- t a l I C l f11ti tUS SP r C I E S 56.96 0.03 mot 4AC AteiltUS IstSPIOUS Pt At4FitF AO F ILf r ISit aT.39 0.08 CEtaf f! AltCIII n SPECIES tild t DEt41 t r l CD StsNF I Sit 0.01 SilARP T A t t. GODY 46.56 Guilliltsrt.t_tS It AS T A T US M M M M M M m m a m m

M M M M E M .M M M M M M M M M I Atst F 2.4 int Al. Ot t4SI T Y At4D P EI1CE t41 I f tt At_ O f' F ISil A ten 5'E N AF ID Sith I ree* Csit.t r C it o I Ita Tale f4tVER t_ AttV AL F I Sit PRil J E C T . SE P T E Mt1 EO 39181 10 MAY 3 9 Us . 9 Set C t t S SCIFt:18 0 IC ti AMC SPFCItiS C O M H' 44 t4A ME OthS8TV Pt' 84C L te t f t*OGCIIOKf p 43.99 0.OO  ;

1841 tot C IE S MACt7t AIelS 43.94 0.00 t P000A Ft. Avf SCEt4S V ER_ L OW f*E P Cit O fiUM 43.90 0.00 t!f tKt40wt4 SC I Af tti t) AE 41.69 0.00 Mt141(sIA HFiftpfA A tt. At4 51 C SILVCl45 t OC 4 t

tt AY w e s t Ft: 30.44 0.00

i. C E is t AI4 I CIIIII'.'$ SP I L OP10 f tUS 20.TT O.00 Gott iOSOM A ttOSCt #4 A K E D GOHY Gut. DE t4 SHI NEta 2 tt . 2 0 c.OO 780f f M IGOtMt3 C63 Y Sa rL 0 tsC A S 2 t. . (. S 0.00  ;

SCOf

• tit tlAt Mt#S AOtsust35 W Itif>O w e At4E Syftetsut US t Ivi e AItsS OFF SituttE T8)t46 terr 8 Sat 25.14 0.00 SIlsi ts* Site A O 24 . tt i O.00

. AOCe sets A84Gess 8*f40tt A T OCliPit ALUS 23.t0 0.00 Stf 4R I f 4G UtsKlauwei ( LOPf;iD Aff GI400f* CII 28.92 0.00 .

HVCll'lttlPf 84C A Sl*f:C ltiS 28.69 0 00 l Ai. O S A P SI UDOllAltt:f 4GUS At Fwif E S t A 84 Dit t f M 3T.72 0.00

$ 1fts 4.I F t~tt t. AtKrflL A f tis t.f f,P A.40 SE Af*012 5 t4 IT.3T O.OC Pit t Of 80lHS SC8101US 3 f. . 'l 2 O.00  ;

L P 1 tit el sF t tis SPECIFS GituttPfl1 f it I t4G E D F l_ G Pt4 Dt'84 1S.29 G.OO i E 1 IMit*U S CHOSSOT(15 I 3. 9 ts O.00 ASTlillSftsPtfS Y-G84 At ( TIM SOtlittEHta S T AftG AZEH Ut4Kl40 Wf 4 (;. Vest i tsOOOf 4 7 ID Al' K t t_ L I F I S& 6 13.18 S.00 s 1 Afif*Ott $ 2. C,4 0 0C e H f G At. Ol'S A lt. Af 4 f l C A 12.03 0.00 MOJ AGit AS

[ 4;fif tilf ill AE S T stur4GVt usu I4 All I ta A All AttiI C tafEtst "F ISst t .1T O.00 GRA) 5844PPFit i I . t. 6 0.00 ,

t.at t J A t405 G84tSFUS 38i t.* O.00  !

MuG il. Ctatit S4 A wHt f T HULLF1 Pt'fi44 8 i i8 59 0.00 l

$ 8t AfillisO f tf S l'ALCA195 P IPt f i Sit SpFCIEE 80.09 0.00 i S Y i4 Gr4 A ltt u ? SPECIIS 1 0 .419 0.00 I f! A( ItV PEtt4 AEUS COf 4S f 84 tC IUS D A340 3 1 SisHIMP ,

HusaH g Cs:OG T.sT O.00 t:stf alltit_US stF T EftOrt. 8' f tsS F.90 0 00 MOetiOst SAMATItIS SittiPEO OASS O An 1E 64 F.Se 0.00 . t t' t att OSI OM S Pt* T .S ft 0.00 s !

OraF f 40wt4 PfoRCIDAE 8'F 8t Cit 1 A*f tilG T . 19 0.00 I At# 4 OG A tvil115 T.30 0.00 (filK f 40 m tl CV Pit l tit O AE IP4Xf 40isit4 M ! tatIO W est W4014F SPF C I F S T.t2 O.DO MOstur:F SPI: C I r S y.03 0,00 Ie rs'DititA44Pf etsS Ora g f' ASCI A TUS 4 t At.F ej r A K ,

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58~ t ta v Cs tC E K St.E EP C s* t. 98 0.00 12 8.f iti si t s 8'150:455 6.28 0.00 ' l UtlK840 Wit t_ tif J At4 8 D AE S t4 A P844 g:tertt;itSTOMtes 2Ffgest(t Mo g 1L Eu MO J Agass A S.94 0.00

( Ot tGE f 4 L U i_ *a . 0 9 0 00 C i tt eGE f t DCt' Atal f ttS 5.S0 0.00 tJttXt40Wra un Ariost.OP E I: AE ST AftG AZE I4 SVKPell 8tOS spi?CIES TO 4GisCF ISet 5.40 0.00 SPOfffD STAKE 4 . tt i O.00 Ot10l'it v C I S G E G i t:S 4 . S (, 0.0h S f *t et zt:840 S Dt S H AClft. A Itis 2 #4 084 I t tE!* tt (*Utr e t p SIsiiPEn punt 4F Iset 4 . 2 t. O.OS C4e1i OtiVC 3i fetiS SCslotPF3 10 3 A t_ M t3 9 9 2 0 . twl 96.60 .

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I l i

I Table 2 6 River larval-f1sh trend analysis. Stations 21 l

24 and ':5. September 19N

. May 1979 l 5

MEAN 50l' ARES i

SPECIES TR END DEVIATION ERE0tt  ?; CHANGE / YEAR i Spot .23253** .06149** .00869 +30 i Croaker .05442a* .01347 .00669 +14 Menhaden .00294 .00664 .01617 +3 Flounder .13910** .00770 .0082) +23 Mullet .10968** .00420 .00636 +20

.I Brown shrimp * .15238 .10;50 .04510 -25 I *5o data available for 1973

• • 51gn2ficance level = 0.01 I-I g-I -

g .-

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l

E M .M M,W m g g g g g FIGURE 2.4 tErg: LENGT110F RIVER LARVBE RY (4100P, SEPrD'eER 1978 - n:( 1979, SPECIES-SFOT

a. .

SYMDOL OllOUP g _. O A a B

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^ SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV NOV DEC. DEC JAN JAN JAN FEB FEB MAR MAH APH APH MAY MAY i

HIVEH THIPA10 NTH l

FIGURE 2,5 tEfV3 LENG1110F RIVER inRVnE BY GRD'P. SEPTET 11ER 1978 - mf 1979.

SPECIES CR06KER

+

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SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV NOV DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN FEB FEB MAII MAH APR APH MAY MAY

< um num m a em num um sum een am use um um i

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FIGURE 2.7 EPJi LEt!GT110F RIVEP, LORVRE B( GROUP. SEPTEtEER 1978 - FTl/ 1979.

SPECIES =SIRIrf'

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" i i I i i~ s i i i i i i i i i i i i -' i 0 1 2 3 9 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV NOV DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN FEB FEB MAR MAR APR APR' MAY MAY W W W W M M M M M M M M M M M M g g

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M FIGURE 2.8 TIN LENGUI Of RIVER L81RV4F B( 6ROUP, SEPTEtEER 1978 -titi 1979.

SPECIES +t0df0ER 7 ,

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' SEP SEP OC( OCT NOV NOV DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN FEB FEB MAR MAR APR APil MAY MAY nIVFR THIP/MONTif-

FIGurgE 23 lEhH LENGil! Oi' RIYa L6RVDE BY GRDUP. SFPIEtBER 1978 - tyW 1979, SPEclES41R.LET g

symnot onceP O A N-

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s

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(September 1978 - May 1979) l l SPECIES-SPo r m_

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M M M m' M M M M .M M.M M M M M M M M M-FIGURE 2.12 10010 ffati DENSITY BY OROUP FOR RIVER LARWil FIS!! PRO FECT.

(September 1978 - May 1979)

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l FIGUR E 2.14 100 10 71ERN DEllSITY BY OR30P FOR RIVER [fVlVOL FISil PRO JECT.

(Septen.ner 1978 - May 1979)

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' SEP SEP ut,f OCT NOV NOV DEC DEC JAN JAN JAN FFB FEB MAR MAR APfi APR MAY MAY' HIVER TRIP /MONTil

I l

FIGUHE 2.15 LOG 10 71 EON DENSITY Bf OROUP . OP RIVFR LnRVRL FIS!! PROJECT.

(September 1978 - May 1979)

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A a B

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T_ _T T is T T T @ -T sh' T t i i I t T T YM 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 11 15 16 17 18 19 20 SEP SEP OCT OCT NOV NOV DEC nEC JAN JAN JAN FEB FEB MAR MARAPH APR MAY MAY g g g g g g 33 'M M M E E E E '

g

.M M S @ @ g g g 3

l e 2.00 -

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73-74 74-78 75 7s 7& 77 77-78 78 79 Yew Year 2.00 --

2.00 -

'f 2.00 .-

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'S TT 77-78 78-79 7574 7473 7s-7s 7& 77 77-Ts 70 79 Yom 7}74 74-75 75 7sYea; Yes a - seite S . s %.

Figure 2.16 Log *O Meart Density by $4rface&ttom for Selected Species, 1973 1979.

I. .-_

2.00 - 2.03 -

2.00 --

5 SPOT N CHOAKER MENilADEN g,

1.75 - 1J5 - 1.75 -

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, I i 1 1 I I , i i i I I i o 1 I i i I I 73-74 74-75 7578 78 77 77-78 78 79 7174 74-75 75-78 75-77 77-78 79-79 (3-74 74-75 T&78 7477 77-78 78-79 ,

Yoss Year Yess ,

o 2.00 -

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I e  ;

y SHRIMP FLOUNDER MULLET 1.75 -

1.75 -

1.75 -

1.50 -

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N

{ 1 25 8

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!  ! I I o 0I I k 3 I 7174 74-75 7579 78-77 77-78 75 7# 7474 74-75 75-78 78 77 77-78 78-79 7174 74-76 7578 7577 77-75 78-79 Yom Year Yee l'igure 2.17 LN10 Mem Density by Day / Night for Ses uted Species, 1973 1979. . D - Joy N . tagrit I

in m e M M m W E5 M M M M M M M M

I e 1 = =i _! i I n x 3 g

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!li s

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s

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=

N

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!c 5  : 4 I i , i i i i , i i i i i i i i i 1

3 I $

K

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a Lot 10 (OWW +1) 9 R R 8 a

2 s  %- 9 Log 10 (Demy +11 E

9 4 9

.(

0 5

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f \t 2 3 I N s N

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- a a - - -

I. Legio MW +1) Logjo (De=W +1)

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2 '9

_ . - - . . - . . - . _ . - - . _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ . _ . . _ - _ _ . - _ _ . - . . - - _ _ _ . - . _ _ _ _ , - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - - _ . - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ . - - - - _ _ _ _ _ . _ - _ - _ _ - - _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ -_.A

I Figure 2.19 Hiver Trend Analysis, 1974 1979, Stations 21,24,25. '

i 13 < 1.0 1.8 g,g 1.4 -

/ 1.2 0.6 <

SI l f

• I j 1.2 1.0 0,4 g

[ MENHADEN d 1.0 0.2 0.3 o 74 75 76 77 78 79 o .

as as BROWN SHRIMP SPOT C.10AKEH 0,6 na 74 75 76 77 78 79 74 76 76 77 73 79 1.2 o E i.0 FLOUNDER 0.s -

MULLET

• g y0 ,

e 0.8 . 0.4 3 .

/

o /o 0.8 - 0.2

/ 0.6 s o 0.4 0- 0.4 .

3 -

, l a

/

2. .u. u.

I O d .

74 75 76 77 78 79 74 75 76 77 78 M 74 M 76 77 78 79 YEAR 2-40 e

a

I 3.0 Entrainment 3.1 Introduction To monitor che entrainment rate of the plant, samp lin g f or larval and I postlarval fishes, penauid shrimp, and portunid crabs was conducted from one of the two discharge sluiceways. Aa presented in Modson, Schneider, and Copeland (1977), the reasoning for using the discharge over the intake was based on the assumption that the larvae and water are thoroughly sized during oassage through the plant resulting in a homogeneous distribution of 1 rvae in the dischargs sluiceway. This need for multilevel sampling in the discharge to I

eli::dnates t adequately descr1be the BSEP entrainment rates. Samplas collected in this manner permit the determination of the seasonality, abundance, and species composition of the larvae and postlarvae entrained by the BSEP.

I Entrainment stuiles were conducted by NCSU frotr January 1974 through August 1973 (CFS, Vol. VII).

I CP&L tontinued the entrainment studies starting ir September 1978 as part of the long-term monitoring p ogram.

As mentioned in Section 6. ! of the Interprer.1ve Report and Section 2.1 of this report, both a winter and a suntmer peak typically occur in the CFE. Su=mer samples contain large numbers of organisms and have not yet been analyzed. Therefore, this section covers only the data collected from September 1973 through May 1979 (Trips 1-39) concen-trating on those species comprising the winter peak. Trends in densities of the major species entrained will be obtained by comparing I the 1979 entrainment data with the densities af larvae entrained in the CFE since 1974. The statistical analyses and parameters locked at in this :hapter were fashioned after those appearing in CFS Volice VII to racilitate comparison to previeus years data

.E R 3- 1

I-3.2 Methods and Materials I

Entrap .ent sampling was conducted by fishing tao round,1/2 meter (15.7 in.), 505 micron mesh plankton nets mounted side by side for 5 minutes just below the surface in the center of one of the discharge sluiceways.

Flowmeters were mounted in the mouth of each net.

Replicate samples were collected on mic, and slack tides over one I

2J.-hour period each week. Sample collection was usually initiated on Tuesday morning and finished Wednesday morning of each week. Samples were preserved immedi::ely in 10* formalin. Salinity and water temperature measurements were taken free water collected from the surface by a bucker prior to each collection.

I in the lab, the samples, after being washed down to remove the formalin, were sorted and all 1;rval and postlarval fish, shrimp postlarvaa, and portunid crab megalops were retained. 'arger lif e forms of these groups were also retained when they 'iere encountered. All specimens were identified to the lowest practical taxon (Table 2.2), counted, and y measured (total length, up to 100 per species), These data were recorded on computer dar.a forms along with pertinent header information such as sample number, date of collection, temperatute, salinity, volume of water sieved, etc. A (;uality control program identical to that described in 5-Section 2.3 was also conducted on entrainment samples.

, g l All larval fish collected by North Carolina State University dt ring the 5 previous 5 years were measured in standard length (SL). Therefore, in order to compare these sets cf data, a conversion program was set up to l convert total .ength to standard length (Table 2 3). All figures, table =, and analyses were done with these converted lengths. Larval fish collected after September 1, 1979, will be measured in standard length.

g 3.3 Resultr, and Disevspion 5 A total of 6~ 4 samples was collected over 39 sampling trips (weeks) between September 6, 1278, and May 30, 1979 (Table 3.1). Spot and 3-2 I

_I

I I- croaker dominated the entrainment catch during this time period, repres. *ing 26.']% and 18.3%, respectively, of the total catch.

Penacid shrimp were third with 15.9%. The six representative winter species groupa combined accounted for around 65% of the total catch wMie 2 summer species groups accountec for another 10% during the time pe.iod analyzed. These percentages are almost identical to I those found in the larval fish pregram, although the individual percentages are different (see Section 2.4.2). A list of the total density and percent of the total caten is presented in Table 3.2.

3.3.1 Entrainment Densities and Volumes I Based on actual flow -ates per pump, the na.an flow through the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant from September 1978 to May 1979 ranged between 1.51 I and 5.41 million cubic meters of water per day. The flow rate varied independent of the number of organisms available or season of the year and depended solely on the cooling water needs during plant operation.

However, since cooling water needs depend in part on water. temperature, maximu:n flows typically occur during the summer and early f all, while lower flows occur during the winter and early spring. Plant load and scheduled and unscheduled outages can alter this patter.

In order to compute the total number of organisms entrained at BSEP, I the mean density per 24 -hour sampling period was multiplied by the mean flow per day durAng the week or sampling.

I The mean density of total larval and postlarval fish c.atrained during g the sampling period ranged between 24 ar.d 1400/1000 m (Table 3.3).

W lhe period of greatest abundance occurred fror December to April.

This period encompasses the expected winter recruitment perioda of species such as spot, croaker, flounder, menhaden, mullet., and brown shrimp. The general pattern aas the s m as that observed since 1974

~

(Fig. 3.I and CFS, Vol. VII), although it appear $d that recruitment may have been extended a few seeks for some of the species. The period of I entrainment also coincides with the period of occurrence in the C7E.

Totsi organisms entrained per day during the sampling period ranged I 3-3 I

I from a low of around 94,000/ day in ettly November to a high of around 4.9 million/ day in mid-May (Table 3.3). Although the maximum total number of organisms entrained / cay appears large, the average was, of g course, much lower.

A few spot were collected in entrainment near the end of November, I

but the period of abundance ranged from mid-December until the end cf the sampling period. They reached a peak density of over 1000/1000 m during the first part of March. This pattern was much the sa.ne as observed since 1974, although the densities appeared a slightly higher than most of the previous years (Fig. 3.2). This is the same time span t!.at spot were found in the main stem of the CFE (Fig. 2.10). The two figures parallel each other to closely that even a small decline observed in the lower part cf the CFE at the end of March (Trit 15) was also observed in entrainment (Trip 30). The densities in the upper CFE (Groups C and D) did not show this decline.

The maximum total entrainment for spot was 2.1 million/ day which I

5 occurred in mid-March (Table 3.4).

Croaker were collected through the entire sampling period for both I

larval fish (Fig. 1.11) and entrainment (Fig. 3.3). In both programs densities were low initially but showed a small peak during late September before the main winter 2k occurred. Densities in entrained g water and in the river declines in mid-April, although a few croaker E vere caught through the end'of Msy. The peak de.nsity of crosker in entrained water during the main period of recruitment was around 3

535/1000 m , which occurred in January (Table 3.5). This pattern was similar to that of previous years, except that the end of recruitment appeared to extend later into the se, son (Fig. 3.3). The maximum total entrainment for croaker was around 2.I million/ day which occurred in g

early January (Table 3.5). ur The remaining representative species showed the 'same results. The appearance of a species in the larval fish samples was generally commensurate with its appearance in entrainment sampler. The relative densities of the larvae in the two progratis also coincided.

I 3-4 I

I I A decline in the CFE, particularly Groups A and 3, was followed by a decline in entrainment densities (Figs . 3. 4-3. 7, Figs . 2.12-2.15) .

The term "flo uder" actually refers to three different species--

southern, summer, and sulf flounder. However, to facilitate identi-fication, these have been lumpea together under Paralichthys ,sypo, to characterize the general entrainment of flounder. They occurred in I entrainment from late November to early April, reaching a peak density of about 123/1000 m 3 in late February (Table 3.6) . The pattern was similar to that in previous years although densities appeared higher (Fig. 3.4). The maximum entrainment rate for flounder was around 333,000/ day which occurred near the end of February (Table 3.6).

Atlantic mentaden appeared in the entrainment samples from Februarv I' until late April. During their period of peak abundance (mid-March to mid-April), they reached a density of around 70/1000 m (Table 3.7).

This pattera was the same es observed in previous years (Fig. 3.5).

The maximum entrainment race for menhaden was around 141,000/ day which occurred in mid-April (Table 3.7).

I Mullet consist of two species (white and striped mullet) tnat were lumped to generally characterite the antrainment of mullet. Their

.- period of abundance was from January to March with a peak dansity #

about 116/1000 m (Table 3.8). This was the same general p6ched of abundance as observed in previous ycars (Fig. 3.6). The nax w m -

entrainment race of 313,000/ day. occurred near the end of Februarv (Table 3.8).

I Tnree species of penaeid rhrimp were collected im entrainment--pink, brown, and white--but because of identification problems, were only identified to the generic level. Typically, brown shrimp appeared in the' spring anc pink and white appeared in the su mer and fall, although a second spawn of browns can also ecce during this-period. Since brown shrimp appeared in the spring, they were the only sp:3cies whose total period of abundance was coveted by the sampling period. Their range of occurrence was from mid-March to the end of the sampling I 3-5 I

l E 1

period, with peak abundance occurring around the end of March at almost 400/1000 m3 (Table 3.9). As was noted with s2veral o' the previous species, the general pattern was similar to that of previous years, but the start of the spring recruitment was delayed by several weeks (Fig. 3.7). The maximum erown shrimp entrainment reached almost 800,000/ day in late March (Table 3.9).

3.3.2 Length Frequency The mean length or entrained organisms, as a general rule, increased during their recruitment season with consicerable variation toward the end when densities began to decrease.

At the beginnning of recruitment into the estuary, spot appeared in the entrainment samples at a mean length of 10-11 mm. This mean length increased to reach a maximum size of about 22-23 mm. The largest mean g

lengths of entrained spot occurred in March when spot were at their W highest densities. After that time a' the densities decreased, the mean lengtha also began to decrease and ret 4ed a minimum of 13 m in early May (Fig. 3.S).

As would be expected, the size of ':he larvae being entrained closely matched the size of the larvae in the CFE. There were, however, some g differences that are important in determining the source of the larvac E entrained. For example, spot collected in the larval fish study from the lower CFE during the peak recruitment period ranged from 21-23 tm with, spot from entrainment also in this size range. As recruitment slowed, the size of the spot in entrainment and in the' lower river decreased to a: aund 14 mm while those in the upriver section (Group D) were 22-33 mm in size, although their mean sizes also dropped. This indicated that entrainment of spot larvae was mainly from the lower estuary, while E.

W larvae in the upriver nursery were not affected by plant entrainment.

Spot larvae entrained during the day were not si'gnificantly larger than those entrained at t.ight (Table 3.10).

I 3-6 n

I I This same type of trend also occurred for croaker. In January, midway through recruitment, the mean length of the croaker found I downstream and of those found in entrainment was around 13-14 mm.

Those found upriver were about 15 mm in size during this same period.

At t.he end of recruitment in May, the sin of the croaker in all areas it. creased substantially in size, as can be seen from Figures I 2.5 and 3.9, but their densities were relatively low. Croaker larvae that werd entrained at night were significantly larger than those entrained during the day (Table 3.10).

Flounder is another bottom-oriented species group that would be expected t, show larger si:es in the upper section of the river. Their lengths in entrainment and river larval fish sampling, however, remain close to the same size during the recruitment period. Flounder recruitzen, began I in late November with mean lengths of 8-9 mm. During peak densities (mio-Februaty to mid-March), they increased to a mean length of around 12-13 mm. As densities decreased, the mean length incrased. At the end of recruitment, the size of the fish collected from Group D were 4-5 mm larger than those collected several weeks earlier. No flounder were entrained during this time. There wat no significant dif ference between

'I the lengths of flounder entrained during the day and those entrained at night (Table 3.10 and Figure 3.10) .

At the start of recruitment, menhaden appeared in entrainment samples at a mean length of 27-2S mm. During their period of peak density (late March to early April), their mean length decreased to 25-27 mn.

(Fig. 3.11). They- exhibited a sreat variability in mean length (20-31 mm) during periods of low density. The mean length of menhaden entrained ac night was not significantly different f rom those ent.rs11ed during the day (Table 3.10).

The mean length of entrained nullet, during peak entrainment, ranged from 20-22 cm. During periods of low den 11ty, they ranged from 13 mm up to 24 mm (Fig. 3.12). The mean lengths of mullet entrained during the day were significantly larger :han t. hose entrained at night (Table 3.10).

I 3-7 I

I Brown shrimp first appeared in entrainment samples at a mean length of 11 mm in early March. During peak densities their mean length increased to 13 mm. As densities decreased, their mean length decreased to 10 mm er (Fig. 3.13). There was no significant difference in the mean lengths of brown shrimp entrained at night compared to those entrained during the day (Table 3.10).

Shrimp and mullet were entrained at about the same length as chose I

collected from the lower CFE (Figs. 2.7 and 2.9, Figs. 3.12-3.13).

3.3.3 Diel Variations The densities of entrained organisms previously discussed in this I

chapter were based on means constructed from 24-hour pariods and over several tidal conditions. There was considerable variation arour. ' each mean owing to the difference in densities over a 24-hour period. The densities of organisms entrained, as a general rule, were consistently These much lower durior the daytime than during the night (Fig. 3.14).

g differences were found to be significant for all species (Table 3.11). 3 A plot of the m1an densities of' total organisms for t.ne 8 samples collected on Trip 28 (March 13-14) is presented in Figure 3.15.

The densities of spot were much higher at night than during daylight O urs (Fig. 3.16). In March, when spot reached eneir maximum N 3

a aities, the mean dayti'm: density averaged 467/1000 m while mean g

nighttime densities averaged 1513/1000 m . During the latter part of 3 ra a.'tment when spot were larger on the average,.these diurnal diiterences were more pronounced. A plot of the mean densities of the 8 samples collected on Trip 31 (April 3-4) is presented in Figure 3.17.

Croaker exhibited diurnal patterns very similar to those of spot g

(Fig. 3.18). When croaker reached their highest densities in January, 5' 3

the mean daytime density averaged 98.8/1000 m while mean nighttime densities averaged 561/1000 m . A plot of the mean densities tram the 8 samples collected on Trip 32 (April 10 11) is presented in Figure 3.19.

I 3-8

.E.

• he dif ference in daytime and nighttime entrainmenc densities for flounder was pronounced (71g- 3.20). Typically, no flounder were I outrained during the day, but at peak densities tneir mean sighttime entrainment densities averaged 165/1000 m3. A plot of mean densities from the 3 samples ecliected on Trip 30 Otarch 27--28) demonstrates this fact (Fig. 2.21).

The day / night antrainment densities for zennaden vere also signifi-cantly different. During the ;.eriod of peak abundance, the mean dayt:.mo densities aversged 19.5/1000 m while mean nighttime densities averaged 88/1000 m . A plot of mean day / night entrainment densitics for 1978-1979 shows this difference to be true for nenhaden

.I fer most of their recruitment season although on occasion daytime densities exceed nighttime densities (Fig. 3.22). A plot of the mean densities from Trip 30 (March 27-28) is pra ented in Figure 3.23.

Mullet exhibited higher aighttime entrainment densities than daytime densities. During ceak recruitment (March), mean daytime denstties I averaged 45/(000 a while mean densities at night averaged 78/1000 m (Fig. 3.24). Diurnal density differances were not as pronounced at the er.d of recruitment as they were during the ;sak. A plot of the mean densities collected on Trip 27 (March 6-7) is presented in Figure 3.25.

I The predominant diurnal trend in entrainment for brown shrimp post-lar rae was for densities to be higher during the nighttime than during daytime. During peak abundan u (mid-March to mid-April) mean daytime densities avetastd 113/1000 m3 and mean nightti:ae densities averaged I 279/1000 m3 . Daytime densities were consistently lower than nighttime densities of entrained brown .ahrimp throughout the recruftment season (Fig. 3.26). A p!.ot of tne mean densities from Trip 32 (April 10-11) is presented in Figure 3.27.

I

~.

In Section 2.a 5 of thi report, it was brought out that typtaaily I more lar/a3 are caught at night than during the day. These diel differeness were significant for all species examined in the la m i B

3-9 I

I E

fish portion of this report except menhaden. It was also mentioned that gear avoidance cout.d acccunt for a portion of this difference.

The number of larvae entrained was greater at night than during the daytime for all of the species examined. Spot, croaker, flounder, g

and shrimp densities were consistently higher at night, while mullet M and menhaden densities uure sometimes higher during the day.

Considering the size of the intake structure and the turbulence of the I

water in the discharge weir, it is incanceivable that gear avoidance could be a factor in entrainment sampling. Since tha day / night difference is evident in both the river a:.d entrainment data, the larvae are not available to either the plant or the larval nets during the day. The bottom specie *., (croaker, spot, flounder, and shrimp) are probably close to the bottom where water movement is relatively slow.

Thue, they are not entrained by the plant, flushed from the estuary, or even caugnt by the larval sled, which does not sample the bottem 15 cm (6 in.). This could also explain why the sum of river larval surface and bottom densities are considerably lower during the day than at night.

Th3 day / night differences for menhaden and mullet are less clear as to the mechanism they use to avoid entrainment. Menhaden and mullet are considered surf ace species, and it would be unlikely that they would migrate to the bottom during the day. They may, however, remain at the N rurface but move into the shallows vhare, like the bottom, the water .N does not move very fast. Schools of small mullet have in fact been seen g

along the shore of the intake in several inches of water. This mechanism W would not appear to work in the main stem of the CTE, leaving the day /

night density differences for menhaden and mullet a funct. ion of son.e -

other response. (See Section 2.4.3 of this report.)

3.3.4 Flev Reduction The plant flow rate during the sampling period ranged from 1.5 to 5.4 million cubic meters / day. Normally 6-8 intake pumps are operating to cool the plant's condensers, but reduced plant load or ootages may reduce this number. As described in Section 3.2.1 of tile Interpretive 3-10 I

B Report, certain modifications could be undertaken to allow the plant tc operate at near full capacity with reduced flow requirements. Using ambient water temperature as a guideline, the flow requirements could be reduced to around 2.25 =illion cubic meters of water per t. nit .> e r day from =id-April to the end of November, i.ith 2n additional 466,000 I cubic meters per day required if ambient water temperatures reached 29 C (85*F). The flow eculd be reduced to 1.5 =1111on cubic meters of water per unit per day betveen December i and around April 15.

If this flow reduction scheme had been u;ed during the 197B-79 sampling period, the nu=ber of larvae entrained witid have been substantially reduced. The maximum number of larvae entrained could have been reduced as shown below.

Max 1=um Number (x M _) of ' ar-rae Entrained per Dav Soecies 1978-1979 Actual 1978-M Under flow Reduction ~ Reduction Spot . 2132 1584 25.8 Cne' ar 2101 1165 44.6 Flounder 333 135 44.5 I Y.anhaden Mullet Shr1=p 14) 313 799 103 174 594 30.0 44.4 25.7 I Peak ree d.t=ent for most of enese species coincide with the peried of coldes, water temperature per:1tting the largest reduction 1.n plant flev. ,

3.3.5 Trend Atalysis - Entrainment - 1975-1979 The larval abundance in 3SEP entrainment was subjected to a trend analysis (Table 3.12) . Entrainment density decreases we're observed for =enhaden (10*), crnaker (ll"), and br:,wn shrimp (al=ost 24*).

Flounder entrainment increased 20",, spot increased 10. 6* , and mulle t increased 10". As stated in the Interpretive Report, Section 5.3.2.7, t I

statistical analysis for these species sugge .s that some of these

': rends can be explained in ':er=s of the year-to-year abundance in density or to the random sa:Pling or both. The combined evicence of increased river larval fish densities (Fig. 3.23) and decreases in some entrainment species dencities (Tig, 3.29) i,uggests a healthy n,

eStuar7 with no increases in plant entraiitent i:D a C *. . '

3-11 I i

I Trend lines, including 95% confidence interval estimates of the true I

pc pulation densities, are plotted in Figure 3.29. As outlined in the Interpretive Report, Section 5.3.2.7, differences among years were partitioned into a trend component proport .>nal to the 41:e of the g

linear increase (or decrease) and a deviation component proportional N to the size cf the year-to-year fluctuations around the trend line.

The error component used to judge the significance of the first two was computed from the discrepancy between sampling periods within years. The percent change per year is calculated from the slope of the trend line and the relative standard deviation is the square root of the error mean square expressed as percent of average density.

The latter is included because it represents the intrinsic random error encountered with each species. The logarithm of the densities was used in the analysis throughout.

3.4 Conclusions The six representative species selected for discussion in this chapter g represent approximately 65% of the total number of larvae entrained. These p species are ocean spawners whose larvae and young use the estuary as a nursery ground. In response to different environmental cues, the larvae are transported to shallow nursery grounds in the marshes and to deep water nursery areas in the vicinity of the saltwater / freshwater inter- N E

face. Migration to these areas remove the larvae from within the

• irr:ediate vicinity of the plant and enable them to avoid entrainment.

A negative response to light enables some larvae to orient themselves toward the bottom. This helps those larvae within the vicinity of the plant to avoid entrainment during the day since cooling water ic WI primarily drawn from the surface layers.

I The mean density of total larval and postlarval fish entrained from September 1978 through May 1979 ranged between 2,4 and 1400/1000 m .

Based on actual plant flows, the total number entrained ranged from 94,000/ day in early Novembcr to 4.9 million/ day in mid-May. Typically, g

more organisms were collected a; night than during the day. As in 5 previous years, the peak abundance of spot, croaker, flounder, menhaden, mullet, and brown shri=p occurred during this time period.

3-12 5_.

I .

Spot were entrained from mid-December through late May, with peak densities of over 1000/1000 m3 in early March. Using plant flows the antrainment rate of spot peaked at 2.1 million/ day, although this number could have been decreased by 26% under flow redue:1on.

Spot first appeared in the entrainment samples at a mean length of 10-11 =m and reached a maximum size of 22-23 mm in March. neir

' size decreased again near the end of recruitment. 3e densities of spot entrained were much higher at night than during the daytime.

Ctoaker entrainment spanned the entire ar.mpling period, peaking in January at around $35/1000 n . Based on actual plant flows, a maximum of 2. I million croaker were entrained per day. 31s number could have been reduced 45% under flow reduction. Croaker entrained in September were 6-) mm in size. They increased in size to 15 :n in I January before decreasing to 11-12 mm as recruitment decreased. Average daytime densities were typically much lower than ud.ghttime densities.

Flounder were entrained from late November to early April, reachlug a 3

peak density of around 123/1000 m in late Febr uary. Based on actual plant flows, the max 1=um entrainment rute reached 333,000/ day. This number could have been reduced by 45% under flow reduction. Flounder I were f t st entrained at 8-9 cm in size, increasing to only 12-13 =m Most flounder

.' fore decreasing in size as recruitment tailed off.

I were entrained at night and only a few were entrained during the day.

Menhaden were entrained froa Febrursry until late April with a peak of ,

70/1000 m occurring in mid-April. A maximum of 141,000 were entrained per day, but this number could have been reduced by 30% under flow reduction. Menhaden first appehred at a mean length M 27-28 mm and decreased to 25-27 cm during peak recruit =ent. They axhibited a great r a variability in mean length (20-31 ::n) during periods of low density.

Typically. nighttime d7nsicias exceeded daytime densities.

Mullet were entrained f rom January o March with a peak density of arou*td 116/1000 m . Based on plant flows, a maximum of 313,000 were entrained per day. This number cwid have been reduced a4% under flew I

3-13 I.

l l

reduction. Mullet ranged in size from 12 mm to 24 mm with 20-22 mm R

the mean si::e during the period of peak abundance. Nighttime densities exceeded daytime densities.

Shrimp (3 species) typically exhibit two peaks of abundance--one in the summer and fall and the second during the spring. The spring peak, 3

consistin3 of brown shrimp, peaked at 400/1000 m near the end of March.

Based on plant flows, this translated into a maximum of 800,000/ day, althougn flow reduction could have reduced it by 26%. Brown shrimp averaged 13 ::m in length during peak densities, dropping to 10 =m as densities decreased. Daytime densities were consistently lower than E

nighttime densities. 5 The plant has been withdrawing water from the estuary since early 1974.

During this time, population estimates for 5 out of 6 of the dominant winter species in the estuary showed an overall increase in abundance.

Entrainment on the other hend decreased for 3 ,,ecies and increased for 3 species. These trends in abundance for both river and entrainnent g

suggest a healthy estuary with negligible plant impact. p I

5 I

I e I g

E I

3-14

A

• 1 /

n [D, hhk IMAGE EVAL.UATION

/

\;/g//

e tgh@ TEST TARGET (MT-3)

/

[,ff gg r e , ;p 9, /g g  ;

x# #

9 4e%g l.0 l93 m i E y;f Ell e m p*=2a =

1.1  :

1.8 ldli een i 1.25 1.4 11i.6 L- __

n-4 -- 150mm >

• - 6" *

%% ++ \

sp a+*/

e>&p,q,e g%y 4 i, r . n

,it >em y ep ; x.,

Q  ; <f(C# ({@* '

[- 4{Gk t

_'P_________.._______ _.___________________________wh___________

~

}+ -

/ (g 4

'e @@- IMAGE EVALUATION ,p Qf

\ O  %. [*%f/*gg+)% TEST

' TARGET (MT-3) b f 4

\ )// <'

(p .

s f/* //[ g '$ff

+ s I.O &M M E ? Ell u  !!En m

U 1.8 ea=-

1.25 1.4 1.6 h

't 4 150mm - >

< 6" >

4 / f 4'

$j$(%,, r Ar-=

fg ,

g$;g+

N o/ L. ,

%r -

ih.l. _

s; -

. .-. - -. - . _ - _ . - - - - - - - - - - ~ _ . - _ - _ - -

t i 1

i E 3.5 Re f er enc,o, s, Brunswick Ste m Electric Plant. 1980. Cape Fear Studies, interpretive I

Report. 432 pp.

Carolina Povet & Light Company, 1979. Flow Minimizatio's and Mitigation Report, Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, Southport, North Carolina.

l l

g 59 pp. plus appendices. .

j EU Copeland, B. J., R. G. Hodson, and R. J. Monroe. 1979. Larvae j< and postlarvae in the Cape Fear River estuary, N. C., During operation of the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, 1974-1978.

North Carolina State University. CTS, Vol. VII.

Hodson, R. G., J. W. Scha. cider, and B. J. Copel nd. 1977.

Ascessment of entrainment during one-unit operation of the l Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, 1974-1976. North Carolina 1

!I State University Report to Carolina Power & Light Company.

99 pp. & 4 appendices.

Copeland B. J. and R. G. Hodson. 1977. Larvae and postlarvae in the Cape Faar estr1ry, N. C. - 1976-1977. North Carolina Secte

. University Report to Carolina Power & Lignt Company. 46 pp.

Martin, F. Douglas and G. F. Drewry. 1978. Development of fishes of the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Vol. VI. Fish and Wildlife

, Service. 416 pp.

I I

I .

4 I

I 3-15 E

Table 3.1 Trip numbers, sampling dates and unalysis periods of larvae and

' postlarvae entrained at the BSEP, 1978-1979.

~

Sampling Analysis Trip Date Period 1 6 Sept 78 1 2 12 Sept 78 2 I 3 4

5 19 26 Sept Sept 3 Oct 78 78 78 3

4 5

6 10 Oct 78 6 7 17 Oct 78 7 8 24 Oct 78 8 7 31 0ct 78 9 l 10 7 Sov 78 10 5 11 14 Sov 79 11 12 21 Sov 78 12 I 28 Nov 7C 13 13 14 5 Dec 78 14 15 12 Dec 78 15 16 18 Dec 78 16 17 27 Dec 78 17 1 18 3 Jan 79 18 19 9 Jan 79 19 20 16 Jan 79 20 1 21 22 23 Jan 30 Jan 79 79 21 22 23 6 Feb 79 23 $

24 13 Feb 79 24 I 25 20 Feb 79 25 26 27 Feb 79 26 27 6 Mir 79 I

27 28 13 Mar 70 28 29 20 Mar 79 29 30 27 Mar 79 30 I 31, 32 33 3 Apr 10 Apr 18 Apr 79 7.

79 31 32 33 I 34 35 36 37 24 1

S 15 Apr May May May 79 79 79 79 34 35 36 37 38 22 May 79 38 39 29 May 79 39 3-10

f I AllLF 3.2 itti At OEt8SITY At40 PrnCf t:T IofAt O r f:I Sif ANO PFMACin Staff 1 :4t* C Ot.l.F C Tf'O l ti Tief f tJ YR AI NMrHT LA ftV Al. F I S!t PHOJFCT. S ff*It4flFli 1976 Til MAY 1979 "iPF C l f S SCI f fli t t~ lC P4AMT Sl'I'C I C S C O '4 MHt t t4 A MF OfAS11Y ser f>Crtal 1rI05TOMUS X AN T tttJtttsS SPOT I2(66I.23  ? t. . O ?

MICPOPOGON UNOULATUS . A ll At4 T IC CflO AKI 84 346ft4.?S !H.26 PCHAEUS SDFCIES l'fNAEIO St*RIMP T 3 4 'i6 . 50 15.P*

A Tilf ft E tel 0 4F SILVCRSIDFS 4 4 ??'t. I 4 4.***

GODIOSOMA SPFCIfS G Olt l O SOM A SPECIFS 24 7'W .t't ".34 .

A NC i t O A SprCICS A tlc i tO V Y SI'fiC I FS l 'V. 61. 4 84 :1.44 At4C HO A M ITCitiLL E G4Y A NCilOV Y 9 3 3 *t . ? ! 2.08 ftOGIL CCf'll Altf 5 SIRIPCO MULLFI Hin?.HM l.77

t. AGOOuta De10M001 Of S P Itar I Sef SS?3.66 I.I4 GOOTOSOMA G i tJSOtf RG E SE Al10 Afl0 GOMY 5412.09  ?.l#

G O O f D N ft.L U S DOLFOSOMA D AR TEft GOOY 5:*70.*i4 .I . I 4 f

• AR AL I Clli t tY S l.f 18 804 T [GM A S 0018 40 't t4 t L Otif 400 f t 4SPT.41 i 99 fif tE VI)OR i l A T Y D Atit4U S A TL AtlT I C Mf t4f f Auf H 4944.24 0.'47 P AR AL i tteittVS SPFCIES f t 90'40E R 3S54.47 0.05 1410fiOGOOtt)S SPICIES #410f 40 GOtt i tJ S SpffIES 394?.?6 0.PS A tJCllO A lifDSETUS STHIPED At4LilOVY 3143.15 0. O f1 OLTMt1I ID AF C C'*H T Ot1T84 191_ f AN I f S 2306.72 0.Sl S Y H PilORt)5 PLAGIUSA I1L A CK C'IF FK T f*Glif f l SH  ??S9.47 0.49 AtJGttIi L A ROSTHATA AMFr!IC%N FFL 1245.06 0.27 P AR AL I Cill fly S ALOIGUTTA G Ut. F Flout 40r p 909.Tn c.?O I4 A l l)D I EL L 4 CititYStJR A S it VFH P F R Cit 724. 38 0.16 C I T f TAR IClellIYS SofCIfS wittre 34?.45 O.I7 w CYt40 SCION HCGALIS WEAKFIset 'i O 9. 6 7 O.Ii a l't OPS LF P I OCFPi t At tf S t. ADYr l 4Et L Ai!v AE 494 15 0.11

[ G001OtifLLUS Sf*EC 1 FS GOGI ONiit t.US SPFCIES 469.46 0. t ':

G Olll O NCLt.U S H AST ATUS Sil Apl*T AIL GODY 147.95 0.10 GOD I Uttf t.L US SitUr f L O T I FPTSHW4TFH GOOY %46.24 0.10 M YitOPit t s PUt4C T A I US SPECKLCfD WORM FCL 38'4 . 6 6 0.00 POGPt4I AS C f'O M I S fil ACK ORUM 319. TP O.O7 Mf t4T I C i ntettOS SP I'C I F S KItJGFISH 305.44 0.0F C Y riOS C I Ott itF Ot fL O SU S S PO T T f') STATFOUT ?S9.54 0,06 GnOIFS'3x Stut*MOSUS SK il_L F Tf' I Sil ?29.93 0.05 O'418tOpp{SYIS CHN YSOP T Fit A P IGr i Se t 209.63 0.05 SYNOriATItOS FUSCUS t:OR illE f184 PIP!rtSH 165.03 0.04 SCIACHOPS OCFLL A T A HED OPUM I77.96 0.04 in t flE C TFS M ACUt A Y t#S POGCitOKER I74.46 0.04 tfflKrsO W N TRIG 1IDAF SF Afif1*ll N 467.?'1 0.04 0 llc I N O S T O MtlS SDFCl! S M fD Af tR A IST.O? O.03 P Aft All(HittY S DENTATels SUMMrP F L OutaOLP I ? ') . I 6 0.03 OnllMITAT04 M ACIIL Aitf S rA1 SLFLPCD I I I . II O.O?

S i f tOtaGYt,tfR A '8Ap it4A A Tt At4 T IC tJEf OLIT ISH "J 4. I H O.O?

t)flKHowt4 SC I Af ttlO AF O p tif 4 73.41 0.O?

MrGALOPS A TL Atit I C A T ArnOtt (S.3? O.01 SYriODUS l' OC T f *JS I NSitORS L I Z APDF I Sit (?.T4 0.08 OPit i c ali t tOS GOMFSI S H o l Mf8 FEL 56.75 0 01 r t#NOULUS 3 tF T EDUCL I T tf S MUMMIC* TOG 4 ? . ** 4 0.0t GPOIOSOMA DOSCI HAKfD GOf tY 4 .73 0.0E SY MPitVRU S CIVIIATUS OFF SitOltr IPNGUEF I Sit 16 1.1 0.0t MfMORAS MAR T ItII C A DOUGH S I L VE RS I O!! 3?.54 0.08 MtJGil CtiprH A Wit!TF *ttiL Lf; T 32.3H 0.01 14f Diti LifS ALFPROOTUS al APVC S TF I Sil 31.39 0.01 im M M M M M M um M M M M M M M W W W m

Y M M M . M M M & "M & &

T Aul f 3.2 TOTAL or 4S t s Y A*40 P E14 Cf N T TOTAL OF I~ I Si t A tlO Pf74 A f 7 l0 Setf3 { Mr* cot (_fCIFO I t4 f etE Et4T P A lt4M Efft LARVAL F I sla PPOJE C T . SEPTf 4tif f t 8970 to airy 1474 SPfCIFS SC if tfi lf lC HAMF Sf *f C I CS C tlM MO P 3 f 4 A Mf' OE t4S I T Y f *t ' 84t

C tal

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_---------- --_ ---------._--- ------ ..---------- ------------~~------------

HYC1FitOPFRC A SPTCICS G H OUDF 44 3 8 . t 'l O.0t ARC 4IOSARGUS PDOtt A T OCf rHAltlS Stif f f'Silf A D 3 0. D it 0.0I UltKt40Wtd Lilt J Attl D AC S f a %P"Eli 18.21 0. 'J 0 Goll l O SOM A flOt t t1S i tP4 CCDF 9 80 Y 17.92 0.00 I At810G A Ot# ITIS T At J 10 G If.12 0.00 fillf)R OSC09f tfitf S T HitV SUPU S A it_ Af 4 T I C tlUMPf f' 16.42 0.00 t.tfi J A tJt f 5 Gf t l St tf S GPAY SriADP E H 14 37 0.00 f~Ut40tjLifS MAJAllS S T RI8'f D KILLIfISH I4.I2 0,00 SDit0EnO IOf S MACULAft#5 t40 f *tf 84td Puf T ir f 4 14.17 0.00 i Ut4KfaO Wre f l Sit O tlK t40 W N F I Sit 39.30 0.00 U ttv N() W N OPitIDIIDAT CUSK f f; L 09 BitGi ut. A 13.44 0.00 i* t3.3S 0.00 MF t4 t O f A MFNIO1A A T t_ At3T I C ' S ILVf D S I Of-li)T AL 4t. 3( 4 f t . 31 9?.49 4

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I T ABLE ?.3  : NT 7 A I N'4E N T DAT*S. . 3E3 FEM 3E 10'8 TC 44Y 1979. FOQ TOTAL *!$H MEAN FL0w/OAY WEAN DENS!?v/3AY ENTAA!NED/OAY

' lod 5 FRCu 3 6 S A *2LE 3 3 foto v'A7 aFFx 0F (* x10 1 DATE (*/1030 * ) ( .d E A A *x10 )

I 17?? SE 3 2- SFS S 5.250 3ES 6 460.946 2=d5.449 2 177e Sco 9 . SE2 15 3.025 SE o 12 33".223 1318.899 3 1c'4 SEA 16 - SE# 22 3 761 453 19 316.271 f73 383 s I c* e Spo 2y . SF' 29 4.013 SE2 26 $27 340 2517.eL1 5 1479 EED 33 -

CCT E 5.212 CCT 3 IP3.453 540.464 e I l'

• CCT 7 -

OCT 13 *.4*$ OCT 10 14.311 477.545 147* OCT 14 - OCT 23 1 439 CT 17 is.871 479.G53 e 19t! OCT 21 -

CCT 2' $.408 2CT 24 39.155 476.703 4 1979 OCT 29 - NOV 3 S.438 OCT 2L 132.502 716.512 13 ti'9 N7V 4 -

NCY 10 3.476 NOV 7 23.619 13.553 Il l1'! NOV 11 - NOV 17 3 015 NOV 14 37 12' le5 348 12 1979 N2V 19 - NO V 24 ..*2Q NCV 21 41.234 1*2.543 10 11'8 NOV 25 - DEC 1 1.016 NC/ 29 S2.152 311.755 14 to?* 3FC 2 - DEC 4 5.212 SE; 5 124.670 c 9.755 15 1 ;7 e 9FC C -

OEC 15 8.428 OEC 12 378.?51 2331.667 >

10 147* 3CC 15 - D*C 2? 5 418 SE: 13 150.333 12*3.663 I? 19?* DEO 23 -

OEC 20 5.4Jd SEC 27 I'9.103 15:4.250 ti 11'4 SEC 30 - JAN 5  !.AO* JAN 3 421.294 22?S.136 19 1779 JAN 6 - JAN 12  ! . 4 *. 9 JAN 9 235.2s? 1134.8'9 20 19*9 .AN 13 -

JAN 19 3.4'6 J AN 16 426.732 2!2e.492 21 Ic?1 JAN 23 -

JAN 26 2 704 JAN 22 635.944 1714.***

22 1 iT

• JAN 27 - FF9 2 2.??4 JA4 30 1321.750 2752.573 23 1979 F r .3 3 -

FE3 1 2.?34 rE3 t A34.361 1632 241 24 19?9 Frw 13 -

FFS 16 2 734 'E3 13 ?.*** 2104.731 25 19'S FE9 17 - FES 23 2.734 FE3 20 a19.694 2116.273,

• 6 19'S FEB 24 - wAo 2 2 734 FYS 2' 1014.602 2743.767 27 10'o vas 3 - u no 9 1 510 dAa 6 1333.480 2:35.359 29 19'S NAA 13 - WAR 16 2.019 *A1 13 le*4.433 2136.064 29 1779 war 17 -

WAR 23 2c J1o AAR 23 10$$.cSe 2561.036 30 11?? VAA 24 -

WAD 23 2c319 w Aa 27 324.736 1200.567 31 1474 una 31 - ADP $ 2.01Q ADO 3 g109 q77 2236,o3$

J2 1971 a2A 7 - AAQ 13 2 051 AAA 13 IS95.935 2247.936 33 177q asc g4 .

ADR 23 2.734 ADA IS 491.257 1301.283 34 1270 ao# 21 - Ann 27 2 734 APR 24 oJ6.04o itJB.609 35 1979 ADD 29 - MAY A 3 119 vaY t 999.819 2*;t.24J JS 1479 94V 5 - MAY 11 3.376 WAY M 1106.764 4718.488 3' 1970 wAY 12 -

wAY 18 4.734 *AY 15 1335.edC 4 4 33.d49 33 1979 wAY 19 - MAY 25 5 2?' vAY 22 644.130 3399 171 3e IQ79 wAY 25 - JUN 1 3.663 vAY 29 297.455 3297.431 I

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I T 12 L 3.4 'NTcatNAENT CAT!3. SC27!i4Ea t ;7S TO 4AY ti?7 301 SOCT I 'ota 1

veam 4575 SE '

O 2 -

FD0u F L, g g* <S 2s 3 5.' 1

.JTAN rL0e/3Av

?

(4 4to j 5.333 6 1443LE 3477 SE'

'4 E A N sEN3 TTY /3Av

(,fg;30 v i 3

'N T4 4 INE0 /C AY (vE4A e*13 1 3

2 t??S SE )

? 0.303 0.330 I

0 - SES 15 19'9 3.7'5 551 12 0.003 0.033 3 SE 3 16 - SED M2 2 . ' *. 1 SE' 17 3.333 0.303 4 1 1' ? SE 3 22 -

3F o 24 4.313 9F3 26 0.333 5 Lt'9 3** OS -

OCT $ 5.212 1 0.J3J

^ OCT 0.3J1 C.;O3 1C'9 CC7 7 -

OCT 13 5.409  ;CT to 3.300 1979 OCT 14 -

3CT 23 5.4: 5 0.303 OC? t' O.J33 0 333 9 1979 tCT 21 -

OCT 27 5.4JS OCT 24 2.333 0.000 I. 9 t!

14??

to'S 7CT 29 NOV 4 -

- NOV NCV 13 3 a.409 3.9'!

2CT 31 NCV '

3.003 3.033 0.330 0.303 11 1779 NCV 11 - NC V l? 3.115 NOV t4 12 t;*a yv 13 . NOV 24 0.331 0.000 4.424 NCV 21 0.033 0.233 13 1S'a *CV. 25 -

3"C 1 5.316 NOV 29 1.031 1 14 10 1978 to'*

3E0 300 2

0 3EC CEC 15 4 5.212 5.40$

7EC 25 0 12 5 3.333 3.i'a

• .173 0.003 5 254 Lt 14?! 3EC 16 -

3rc 22 f.43* 7EC LP 1.331 t' tc79 3r0 ?3 -

3E0 29

• 409 *.57?

TCC 27 26.521 I is 1471 350 33 -

JAN 5 5.439 143.412 JAN 3 3.23e 18. *2 10 11'O JAN 6 -

JAN 12 5. 4 : 1 JA1 7 21 19'7 JAh 13 - JAN 19 5'.439 212.549 21 3.4?6 JAN 16 165.250 574.832 1171 JAN 10 -

JAN 26 2.73% JA1 23 L47.264

?2 1479 JAN l' - Fri 2 50(.229 2.?: 4 JAN 33 359.414 I 21 1C74 #87 3 -

FE0 9 2.?34 *E3 6 1511.172 2s t979 #E3 1; . prD 16 ?Ja.0L1 912.925 2.'04 FE3 13 421.270 1IJ9 334 2' 1479 *E9 17 -

"E3 23 2.734 F23 23 2* 197C Fr3 24 - MAA 2 Ji9.e26 1053.457 2' t;'q was 2.'3A 3 27 33A.144 145!.C16 3 - dao 9 t.513 w 14 29 1479 5 1:43.717  !!71.53Q I

JA4 13 -

WAR 16 2.31 7

• A4 13 1356.134 2c ta'1 wAo t' -

wAn 23 2. 31 4 vA7 23 2131.911 20 t9'1 **4 24 -

WAA 33 17u.e05 tP2o.Ost 2.319 '463 27 333.43o 6a3.t33 31 1979 UA4 ?! - AAD 6 2.319 ama 32 I?'o ao* 7 - AGD 11 3 346. tat t703.142 2.351 A34 13 330.511 617.029 37 tt'9 Amo 14 - ano 20 I 36 1C71 2.'04 407 13 222.441 e c t.!3 S Ado 21 - AAo 2' 2.'34 409 24 117.344 35 1 ;?9 APD 28 -

MAY 4 3. 19 wAY 31e.400 26 1474 wAY 5 t 16.463 $1.333 MAY 11 3.776 '4 A V 9 4.325 14.J25 37 1077 WAY 12 - wAY 14 4.'34 '4 A Y 15 3a 1074 wAY to - way 25 1.740 8.236 21 5.2'? wAV 22 3.9te 4.336 to'9 wAv 26 - JUN 1 3.6c3 wAf 29 1.?'t c.48o I ~

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I 7 ArtLE 3.5 E -s t ::A!NdENT ra'Es. SC'37E e En i:7s 7: MAY t4?q. 5C4 CRCA('o ac AN eL0n/oAv vsaN SEN511v/ DAY EN7dA!NED/ DAY FLOE $ FCOM 2 6 SAwDLE J 3

?A!2 Y*A: 'EEA CF (w <!? 1 DA?E (*/1033 = 1 ("EAA dx10 1 1 1 S'a SFS 2 - $FD 3 5.350 SE2 6 3 300 0.303 2 11'S SEn 9 SE3 15 1.425 SE' 12 6.273 24.c25 3 117* SE D t o - SE3 22 2.'At 3E' 19 1.G45 5.3?!

• 1G** STS 23 - SED 20 4.013 SE3 26 .4. 21 6 17'.433 5 1779 SEo 30 - CC7 6 5 212 C? 3 11.!26 51.036 6 1975 CCt 7 - OCT 13 8.4JB OC7 10 a.338 17.?94

? 1079 ECT 14 - CCT 23 5.4Je 1C7 17 1.177 9.365 9 I t's CC7 21 - CCT 2' 5.406 CC7 24 12.961 70.098 o 1 173 CC7 2a , ycy 3 g, )g ;c7 3g a g , g;3 ;22 374 10 1978  : TOV a - NOV 13 2.9'S N OV T 7.60A 33.2$2 -

11 1 C'

• NOV 11 - NOV 1* 3.915 NOV 14 11.415 46 648 12 to's W IS - NOV 24 4 424 NOV 21 5.590 24.75$

11 1 i't .0V 25 - O'C 1 5.016 NCY 28 25.14a 126 374 la l i'? SFC 2 - OdC 9 5.212 SE: 5 i5.52J J41.492 in 1 ", ' S 3*C 9 - 00C 15 5.4JM OEC 12 313 322 1$G4.332 1^  ! ". '

• OEC lt - Sf C 22 5.40S 3EC 18 2?S.954 1113.733 t' 1 374 OCC 23 - DEC 20 5.4]9 DEC 27 210.140 113t.A30 13 iG75 CEC 70 - JAN 5 *.A*8 JAN 3 ?A9 509 2100.673 19 1971 JAN $ - JAN 12 5 . 4 0 P. JAN 9 a22.15e 714.641 23 17'4 JAN 13 - JAN 10 3.4?e JAN 16 534.630  !!54.416 21 1179 JAN 20 -

JAN 26 2.'04 JAN 23 3'4.e19 1039.919 22 177 C JAN 27 - *E3 2 2.'14 IAN 30 411.480 1113 922 23 1C7% PE3 3 - r!9 o 2.'04 *E3 6 228.103 eC a.e 2o 24 1979 FE3 13 - FE8 to 2.704 *E3 13 24*.146 66C.120 29 1774 FC3 17 - FED 23 2 70s *E3 2T 244.473 671 u'3 26 11'9 FFO 24 = 4A' 2 2 704 FES 2? 103.473 *14.993 2' I971 NA: 3 - '* A e 9 I.510 14a 6 27.79G a!.479 2 '1 1974 WAF 10 - WAA It 2 019 444 13 2:*.580 415.J13 22 11*9 uaA 17 - MAR 23 2.319 4An 20 152 726 308. lot 20- 1979 '4 A D 24 - WAQ 13 2.019 4AR 27 130.T15 233.309 31 IS'9 wW 11 - ADA 6 2.019 \34  : 521.t34 246.042 22 19'o ADe  ? - ADQ 13 2 051 too to 6 7. t . 2 4- d 1214.*34 21 19?C Auc 14 - ADR 23 2.T34 APR 15 166,54. 450.247 34 16'o AAR 21 - ADR 2? O o ? 'J 4 ADQ 24 38 061 102.907 3r 1479 ADR 28 - '4 A v 4 3 119 WAY t l&eCO) $6.760 25  ! )79 waY 5 - waY 11 3.776 WAf 8 32.o97 122.J16 37 to?9 MAY 12 - wAY 13 4.7'14 WAY 15 13.937 75.*45 19 1579 wAv 14 -

wAY 25 5 277 WAT 22 25.054 132.214 3r 1979 MAY 26 - JUN 1 3.cb3 wAY 29 29.*95 108 414 5

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I *AOLE 3,6 E NT G AI N' TEN T 7Af!S. 3ESTEAsER 13'S 70 vAY 1979. "C3 FL OUN 0'i m DEAN *L0a/ DAY *EAN OE NS 1 ? 4 /0 A f ENTRA!NEO/ DAY I ?R!3 1

YE44 17?9 Er>

'L O 'e s F A C '8

=EE< CF 2 - SF7 9 3

(w (13 )

3.333 5 54dPLE 3 Aft SE3 6 (e/t303 w 1 3.3J0 3.330 3

(1E4% ext 3 1 3 333 3.333 3

? 1C'? SED 4 - SE3 !! 3.935 3ES 12 J l 4'9 sF D 16 - SED 22 2.?$1 3E3 19 0.000 3 333 4 313 SE3 26 3.J33 0.000 I 4 L i' S 1 1'

• SED ?3 SE 3 33*

SEC 2 OCT $ 5.212 8.acs OCT CCt 13 3 3.300 3.333 3.000 3.303 e 19'1 'CT . OCT 13 3 330 7 1079 OCl 14 - OC7 23 8.408 CT 17 3.330 e 3 1 ?? 9 00* 21 - OCT 2' 5.439 1CT 2* 3.333 3.000

? t 17 9 OC7 ?9 - NCV 3 8.438 SCT 31 0.000 3.000 I. 13 157R Nov 1979 NOV tt 4 -

NOV 13 NCV 1' 3,3'i 3 315 NOV NOV 14 7 0.000 3.333 0 000 3.330 11 3.330 12 13'1 *TV 19 - NCY 21 4.4 39 NOV 21 3.333 4.805 I 10 11'S N'v 25 - OFC 1 *.it$ NC/ 29 0 76 la 14'a 3E0 2 - OE0 1 $.212 1EC 5 '.14? 37.241 It 14'e 9EC Q - 9EC 15 5.439 OEC 12 3.239 17.509 le 11'? Or0 16 - 3FC 2? 1.433  ?CC 19 2'.119 146.647 t? t 47 9 OEC 23 - OEC 29 5.439 OE0 27 13.4o2 $$.574 3r; 33 gay 5 a.A39 jay 3 g3.93a go.t13 1974 I

19 .

25.384 19 1o'9 JAu 6 - JAN 12 *.4}9 JAN 9 4.e54 23 t9'9 JAN 13 - JAN to 3.a?6 J 4N 16 2.796 S.719 21 11*9 JAN 23 - JAN 26 2.'04 jai 23 23.492 63.516

?2 1779 SAN 27 - FE B 2 2.734 J4N 30  !!.555 31 212 2 SF5 0 2 704 **3 n 19.6dd 53 51?

I 23 19?9 F83 -

34.137 24 1170 FE2 13 - FEP 15 2.734 FE3 13 31.137 2? 147G FE3 17 -

• EC 23 2.?O4 FE3 23 a7.443 236 417 2n 1474 er3 24 - MA3 2 2.73a FE3 27 123.111 322.964 2? 1o79 uAE 3 - MA4 a 1.513 4A3 6 ca.ft3 143 321 23 1479 wa: 10 - *d A E IS 2.319 dA3 13 So.71i 114.480 I 21 33 11 32 1979 va4 17 - dAR 23 1C?C 1970 1979 uAa 24 NA1 31 404 '

dAA 33 4A9 Apo 13 6

2.319 2 311 2.319 0.351 WAp 23 dAA 2?

AP4 434 13 n#1 13 3

2*.322 30.44%

19.133 3.333

3. 49 6 52.126

?9.626 36.739 3.330 2 699 23 tc79 Aso 14 - ADQ 20 2 704 I 34 1079 AGE 21 - AAA 27 2.734 ADA 24 3.33J 0.J00 25 147G A7C 2B - MAY & 3.119 *AY t 3.330 C.300 i

t 26 19'O vaf 5 - WAY 11 2 976 wAY 9 3.303 3.000

!? 1979 +4 A Y 12 - MAf 18 a.734 44Y 15 3.333 C.300 la 1 '9 way 10 - '4 A v 25 5.2" 4AV 22 3.30J 3.303

?i 11?C 'd A Y 26 - JUN 1 3 563 '4 4 Y 29 3.333 0.000 I  !

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I TAdL? 3.7 FNT:AIN4CNT MAT *S. SEDTE10EQ 11'8 TO DAY 1979 F0W dENma0EN ACAN FLOa/D AY vEAN 3CN51TV/3Av ENTA4!NED/ DAY FL?wS F209 3 6 3A4PLE 3 3 T eI n veAR GEEK CF ( '4 (13 ) D AT E f*/1000 4 ) (SENN *(13 I .

~

1 1479 RED 2 - SES S 5.250 SE) e 3.303 0.030 2 1 ;7 a st o g - SE2 19 3.C25 1E' 12 0.000 0 007 3 tc'* Sr3 It - SF3 22 2.'et SFS 19 0.003 0 000 6 1979 SES 2 .1 - 5E3 29 4.01'3 SE3 2t 0.130 0 000

$ 1%7% SE 3 30 - 7CT $ S.212 CCT 3 0.000 0.300 S 1679 CCT ' - 3CT 13 5.439 OCT 13 0.130 0.000 t 17

• CCT 14 - OCT 20 f.s0e OCT i7 3.000 C.000 9 1775 ccT 21 - OCT 2'  !.403 OCT 24 0 000 0.J00 2 11'9 CCT 29 - Nov 3 a, . 4 3 9 TCT 31 0.003 0.J00 -

10 11't NOV 4 - N9V 13 3.975 NOV 7 0.000 0.000 ti7a NOV 11 - NCV 3 915 NCV le -

11 1' 0.J30 0,000 1 :' 1T7* NCV 19 - Nnv 24 4.209 NOV 21 0 000 0.000 13 li'* NOV 25 - 3FC i 5.01o NCv 28 J.000 0.JC0 14 1978 SEC 2 -

0FC 9 5.212 7EC S 0.330 0.333 13 i t'! 020 0 - DEC 15 1.4;$ 3E0 12 0.000 0.000 16 13'i DF0 16 - OEC 22 5. 4 )e 3EC 13 0.J?O 3.030 17 t i'S DEC 23 -

3EC 24 5.439 D"C 27 2.300 tt.154 13 19*9 DFC 30 - JAN $  !.409 JAN 3 0.000 0.000

?6 1 374 JAN 6 -

JAN 12 f.4)$ J AN Q 0 300 0.00Q 21 10'4 JAN 13 - JAN 84 3 476 JAN LA 0.951 3.207 21 147C JAN 20 -

JAN 26 2.734 JAN 23 1.363 2.674 22 197C JAN 2? -

FE3 2 2.734 JAN 33 3.000 0.000 23 1974 FF9 3 - FE3 0 2.'04 883 5 1.!*4 3 2C0 26 1QTC FTS 10 . pr9 li 2.'34 FE3 13 0.003 C.000 25 1C74 *E3 17 - FE1 23 2.'94 FFi 20 a.592 17.796 26 19't F53 2* - MAA 2 2.'04 "IS 27 4.533 12.249 07  ! ;71 *t A R 3 - WAR 9 1.510 dAA 6 5.006 7.559 Ja 1o'1 va

• 13 - WA2 1A 2. 319 M A4 13 2.544 514 29 li'G *AA 17 - dAR 23 2 019 M AR 23 32.847 ft.307 30 14'9 UAC 24 - wAQ 30 2. 31 7 dA3 27 e4.024 129 252 31 1G74 MAR 31 - Apo o 2.019 A47 3 52 358 135.692 22 &179 AP1  ? - APR 13 2.351 %C4 10 SS.819 141 156 33 1477 Apo IA -

Amo 23 2.?04 A34 19 7.Ge3 21.529 34 1979 ADD 21 - Apo 27 2 734 AA4 24 2.824 7.536 3$ 1979 ADO 2 e = '4 A v a 2 119 wAf 1 0.000 0.00J 2i 1774 MAY 5- wAY 11 1.976 MAY 8 0.000 0.000 2' I974 uAY - MAY 18 4.734 dAV 15 0.000 0 000 33 1479 wAv .

MAY 25 5 2'? MAY 22 0.000 0.000 29 1479 MAY JU ' t 1 3.663 wAY 24 0 000 0.000 E

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L T Aet.F 3,3 FNicAINwfNT mat *S. SF3 ?F'Mf ? 19?* ?d wAv 1970 503 m 4.L E T I wCAN PLOW /OAV wrAN 0*NSITV/0Av FNTRn!NEO/0AY L FLCm5 FEOH 3 6 $AddLI 3 3

• sto vs ao eF'( Cr (w <13  ? AT = ta/I300 w 1 l*EAN exto )

t 1G'S 50 3 2 -

SE3 8 3.!S3 SE3 5 0.JJJ 0.000 2 11'? $E 3 9 -

SE D 15 3.'25 SE3 12 0.000 C.030 3 19'A Sc ' 1A - SED 22 2.?tt SE3 14 0.000 0.000 a 1979 SC ' 2 .1 - %F3 29 4.?t3 SE7 2e 3.000 0.000 5 1478 sr 3 30 - CCT o 5 212 OCT 3 0.300 0.000 A 1 a'1 cCi ' -

CCT L3 5.419 OCT t3 0.30]  ;.330

? t4'9 CCT 14 - COT 29 1.408 OC' l' O.000 3.J00

• Iq7a CCT 21 - CCT 27 a.4J3 Oct 24 0.300 0.000 7 1979 2C f 2m - Nov 3 a.409 QCT 31 3.000 C.000 10 19?S ACV 4 - NCV 13 3.0'9 NCV 7 0 000 J.000 11 1079 'iO V 11 - NCV 1? 3 915 NOV t4 1.t6* 4 63*

12 1 ". ' t NCV IA

• NO< 26 4.424 NCV 21 0.J00 C.000

[ 13 14 to'9 10'9 NCV 25 - OEC

?!C 2 - O?C 1

a 8.316 5 212 NCV 28 OEC 5 0.0]O 1.211

.000 e.343 15 1779 OFC i - OCC 15 a.435 3FC 12 1.026 S.549

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16 t"?9 0FC !$ - OEC ?2 S.4: 9 DE: 19 0.033 .003 l' I9'8 OEC 23 - S iEC 29 5.409 JE; 27 0.000 0.000 le 1070 OEC 30 - JAN 5 *.4JS J a 'i 3 0.300 0.000 5 11 11's J a *. 6 -

JAN 12 5.409 JAN 9 0.010 C.000 20 17'C JAN t3 -

JAN 14 2 47t JAN 16 0.993 2.069 21 1776 JAN 23 - JAN 2$ 2.704 JAN 23 3.0*! 8.233 22 1974 JAN 27 -

FES 2 2e?S4 JAN 30 19.514 f2.?e2 22 1970 FEC 3- FE3 0 2.704 FE3 6 1?.390 J4.326 2e t 17 9 F82 10 - 8C3 it 2.7:4 FYi 13 +?.463 122.3Sa 25 11'O FFF 1? - F*3 23 2.704 r!3 20 't.393 192.996 26 1971 ri9 24 - WAA 2 2.734 F83 27 115.329 213.44S 2' 1o'S 9An 3- wAA o 1.51 0 *Ao $ 33.492 12$.07B 29 17?9 vaQ 13 - WAD 16 2.310 wa4 13 42.379 25.446 2e 1979 wAA 17 - wAA 23 2.314 w A4 20 110.Q95 224.05G 20 1979 uao 24 - WA4 30 2.014 SA3 27 It.113 22.!27 31 1179 wha Jt - ACQ A 2.J19 400 3 9.029 12 207 32 1C79 Ad4 7 - ADO 13 2.051 434 to 4 194 9.!e2 33 1974 *3A 14 - AA9 23 2.'34 A04 18 0.462 2.o00 34 te7o Asw 2i - Aaq 2? 2.'04 Aaq 2a 3.40s 2 449 35 1979 AJo 29

• waY a 3.1i4 wAY t 1.t45 3.5'O 36 1979 1AY 5 - wAY 11 3.476 waf 8 0 0JO 0.000 37 ti?Q wAV 12 - wAY !? 4.?]4 wAv 15 0.000 0.000 38 17?9 wAY 19 - Way 25 5.2'7 wAv 22 0.000 C.000 07 1 C7S wAv 26 -

JUN 1 3.663 war 29 0.140 3.077 I

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TauLF 3. 9 ENT A AI N 4ENT DATES. Sc3TEMBEC 1G79 TO wAY 1979 FCd Sed 14 p

" FAN FLCn/0AY MEAN DENSITv/34Y ENT441NED/ CAY FLO45 F:CW 3 6 Sav0LE 3 3 7: 10 vfA: 4EEK OF (w x10 t DATE (s/1030 w I (wean 4A10 1 1 tc78 SF 2 - SFD 4 5.36J SF J $ 3J0.143 1605.722 2 1278 SEo 0 - SEP 15 3.928 SE2 12 237.05* 1223.130 3 117* Sr' 16 - SED 22 2 761 SES 19 244.251 674.454 4 1 17 S SE3 23 - SEA 29 4.013 $E2 26 1998.e50 Fe06 45B M 1773 SE D 30 - CCT 6 5.212 Oct 3 240.660 1284.267 .

6 1974 CCT 7 -- CC T 13 f.4: 3 OCT 10 142.949  ??2 996 7 1479 CCT 14 CCT 20 5.408 CCT !? 143.So! 104e.887 3 1579 OCT 21 -- CCT 2? 5.tC3 OCT 24 30.078 te2.ca6 e 1CT* C07 29 NCv 3  !.aS* CCT 31 20.*57 111.162 10 tG78 NOV & - NOV to 3.979 a. 0 / 7 10.G94 42.13*

11 1G79 *:C V i1 - NOV 17 3.115 *; C # 4 '.713 30.1GA 12 1 47' NOV 13 - NOV 24 4.429 NCV 21 9.70' 38.*e2 13 1G?! NCv2*- OEC 1 *.016 NOV 23 2.c73 13.4CS 1 1979 3E0 2 - OEC 9 S.212 *) E 5 4.616 5 0.11 t2 15 1 478 OEC 4 - OEC 15 8.AJS SEC I2 4 233 22.A89 15 1478 OEC 16 - O*C 22  !.409 2EC 19 1 478 10.o45 l' 1%74 DEC ?3 - OEC 20 5.408 7EC 27 21S' t1.P2S 13 1479 OEC 30 - JAN 5 *.4: 8 JA4 3 1 036 5.605 19 14?Q JAN $ - JAN 12 5.439 JA4 G  ?.000 0 000 20 tc?9 JA* 13 - JAN 10 3.4'S J A'4 16 0.000 0.000 21 1975 JAN 20 - JAN 25 2.'74 JA9 23 0 000 C.000 22 1770 JAN 27 - FE9 2 2 704 JAN 30 0.000 0.000 23 1479 *ES 3- FC3 9 2.704 *Es 6 0 000 0.000 24 1C'C FEB 10 * = FE3 16 2.704 ST3 13 0 000 0.000 25 tT'1 FC? 17 - #FM 23 2.704 FE3 20 0 000 0 000 2e 11'n er3 24 . wAp 2 2.704 FE4 27 0 000 0 000 27 1974 uns 3 . 4Ao o 1 510 ~4 A 4 6 0.000 0.000 29 1979 vac 10 - v40 16 2 0LQ WAR 13 0 000 0.000 Jo 1979 VA l' . 4 AR 23 2.014 uAA 20 25 4*2 *1.793 30 1979 MAC 24 - wAA 20 2.019 wA4 27 195 809 749.000 21 1979 't A o 31 - APO A 2.01Q AE4 3 2A2 344 129.681 22 17'9 AAo 7 - ADD 13 2 05l AD4 10 t't.711 252.222 33 1079 AAR 14 -- APR 20 2.'04 A39 IS 72 726 2* 3.709 34 1979 A@q 21 Ap q 27 2.704 Aco 24 21 886 59 17a 25 1079 Ace 29 - MAY 4 2 119 wAY t 50.930 156.833 36 1479 VAY $= MAY 11 3.9'6 wAY A oL.017 242 611 37 1979 MAY 12 - vaY 19 4.734 YAY 15 10 324 48.E72 39 1$79 MAY 19 - WAY 25 5 277 wAY 22 7.c39 40.311 34 1479 vaY 25 - JUN 1 3.663 MAY '9 36 470 133.601

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t Table 3.11 Results of analysis of variance for entrainment - Septem!>er 1978 to May 1979.

(Density)

Density I.og 10 (Density -110)

Source Slot Croaker Henhaden Flounder Mullet lirown Shrimp Trip *** *** ns *** *** ***

Day / Night *** *** *** *** *** *** i Day / Night IDD N>D N>D N>D N>D N>D Trip * *** *** *** *** ** ***

Tide *** *** ns ns ns *** '

3 715 3 715 31 75 Trip

• Tide * *** ns ns *** ***

y Day / Night

• Tide us ns ns ns ** ***

. rs

~ ,.

X 4 102 2.083 1.596 1.485 1.530 2.001 S .092 .112 1.091 1.085 .115 .055 l R . ll ? 6 .800 .727 .743 .680 .897 Trips 20-34 15-33 29-32 21-31 22-29 29-33

.01 < p < .05

.001 < p < .01 p< .001 lM M M M 88 M M M M M M M '

I I Table 3.12 Entrainment Trend Analysis - 1975-1979 I

MEAN SOUARES SPECIES TREND DEVIATION ERROR j CHANCE / YEAR Spoc .01919 .03860** .00746 +10.6 I Croaker .026S4 .04045** .00732 -11.2 Menhaden .02063 .00853 .01196 - 9.9 Flounder .06404** .00100 .00298 +20.2 Mullet .01761 .00207 .00524 +10.1 Brosm shrimp .13769* .04087 .01969 -23.7 I

.I SPECIES 3

1 3

0 (v"WEICHTED 5) MIND D! "AXIMUM 12 (STANDARD DEVI ATION

+2 :1 ,

0 Spot +3.438 1.8708 1.7832 1.9585 .2135 .1970 .189 Croaker .0518 1.3226 1.7190 1.9262 .2164 .1951 .187 Menhaden .0454 1.3902 1.2994 1.4810 .2767 .2494 .239 Flounder + 0800

. 1.12394 1.0794 1.3995 1381 .1245 .119-Mullet + 0400

. 1.2048 1.1208 1.2887 .1831 .1651 .158 3rosm shrimp .1173 1.6316 1.3969 .1.8663 .3550 .3200 .307 I

• Significance level = 0.05 I

• • Significance level = 0.01 I

3-28

h FIGUHE 3.1 LO910 tiEnN DENSITY OF thftV8E ElllRhillED,1975 to 1979, SPECIES-TVTHL FI311 v5 SYMBOL YEAll m _. O 74- 75 O 75 76 g A 76-77 ,

/ - }- 17- 78 X 78-79 a-.

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M .M M- MM M M M M M MM M M, M M M M. M' FIGUHE 3,2 LOG 10 HEfill DENSITY OF inRVnE EXTRODIED,1979 TU 1979, SPECIES-SPOT m

las SYMBOL YEAR j m-- O 74-75 76-78 0

u, A 76-77

• • } 71-78 l

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l WEEK l l l l l l l l I l l l SEP OCT FJOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

. _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ , -2

. pp

FIGURE 3.3 10G 10 HEnli DEllSITY OF LHtVfiC EHIRfiUlfe,1971 TO 1979.

SPECIE 3 4 0ttKER vi ~

SYMDOL YEAll

~

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< 32 LC 10 11 id l  ! wcEn l l [ l i j I I l AUG  !

I OCT fJOV DEC JAN FEB APR MAY JUN JUL SEP SEP l Mall M M M M E5 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

wn -

M M ' 'M M.M M M M. M M M M M '

M M M M M FIGullE 3.4 LOS 10 Menti Dell 3ITY OF L6ftVRE DITRADIED,1971 TO 1979.

3 l

SPECIE 3f lout 0ER l y, na SYMBOL YEAll 14 -75 )

tn - Q O 75-78 LD, _. A 7G-77 l

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FIGUHE 3.5 LOG 10 ftEftfl Dell 9f fY OF titrtVitE EllTRflillED,1971 TD 1979.

m SPECIE 3-t1EttliftDEtt

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I I 4,0 Nekton Monitorin3 I 4.1 Introductien This portion of Carolina Power & Light (CP5L) Company's long-term monitoring program .is

• continuation of the previous nekton sampling program conducted by the University of North Carolina, although substantially reduced in scope. In general this program provides catch per unit effort (CPUE) data which serve as a measure of the I long-term c.:anges in juvenile and adult populations of nekten in the Cape Fear estuary (CFE).

The major objectives of this program arg to determine the relative seasonal abundance, species composition, and size distribution of the juvenile and adult fish and shellfish of the lower Cape Fear River.

I The results of this program can be compared with results from previous nekton studies (CFS Vols. XIV and XV) so that changes in size distri-bution, species abundance, and species composition may be determined.

I 4,2 Description of Sampling Stations I Sampling station locations ettended from the freshwater drainage canal, approximately 3.36 km (2.1 miles) west of Scruthport, to Cape Fear River Buoy 23 ,approximately 8.8 km (5.5 miles) northeast of Southport.

Samples were collected at nine stations within thir geographical area (Fig. 4.1).

Station 1 was located in the freshwater drainage canal (FDC) between I the first and second bends. This station was chosen because the FDC is a dredged canal like the intake canal but without the direct influence of the plant. Small trawl and gill net samples were collected at this station.

I I 4-1 E

I Station 2 was located in a slough east of Suoy 18 and north of a spoil island on the east side of the ship channel. This was the same location g as C4C's ISI station. Only the large crawl was used at this station. W Station 3 was located in the ship channel between Suoys 19 and 21. Bis is also a large trawl station and was the same as 01C's Station 19.

Station a was located in the intake canal frem the junction of Walden Creek and the intake canal eastward toward the Cape Fear River. ~his station was sa: pled with the large trawl, small trawl, and gill net.

It was the equivalent of WC's 19W station.

Station 5 was located in the intake canal from the intake screens at the plant northeastward to near the first bend (uppermost) of the canal. This station was equivalent to CIC's Station CS and was also sampled with the large trawl, small trawl, and gill net.

Station 6 was in the intake canal from its junction with Walden Creek vestward toward the plant to the vicinity of the old Wilmington h1 hvay.

E It was the same as C1C's Station C30. Only c=all travl and gill net samples were collected at this station.

Station 7 was in Walden Creek between the tricge and the first bend, Cill net and small trawl samples were collected at this statitt This station was not sa= pled in t- ' WC program but was sampled by NCSU from 1975-1976 (Huish and Geaghan 1979).

Station S was located near the entrance to a small cove 1 mile (1.6 km) northeast of the mouth of Walden Creek and just vest of Suoy 23 at the north end of Snows Marsh. ~his was WC's Station 23W. Gill nets and tr.all trawls were used at this station.

Station 9waslocatedintheshipcanalbetween5uoy23andthesouthern entrance to Sunny Point Military Supply Depot. This was a large trawl station corresponding to CC's Station 23. =

l

._2 s

I I A sumuary of the sampling gear and equivalent USC stations is presented in Table 4.1.

4.3 Methods and Materials _

Adult and juvenile fish and shellfish were sampled in the lower CFE once every cl.ree weeks from January 1979 through August 1979. During the sample week, each statien was sampled three times with either the small trawl and gill net or large crawl, and in two instances all three gears. Sampling trip dates and efforts are listed in Table 4.2.

The large trawl was a 12.5 m (41-foot) semiballoon otter trawl with a 47.6 c:m (1 7/8-inch) stretch mesh body and a 38.1 mm (1 1/2-iach) stretch mesh intermediate and codend. This trawl and the ot.her gears used were identical to those used in the UNC nekten prefram. The small trawl was a 6.4 m (21-foot) semiballoon otter trswl with a 38.1 mm (1 1/ 2-inc h) stretch mesh webbing. The codend was rigged with a 1.!.7 mm (1/2-inch) stretch mesh inner liner. The gill nets were 91.4 m (100 I yards) long. 65 meshes deep, and constructed of a 83 mm (3 1/4-inch) stretch mesh monofilament.

I Salinity and temperature measurements (surface and bottom) were taken each time a station was visited. Water samples wete take's with a 2-liter brass Kemmerer water s.:mpler. Temperature was measured in degrees Celsius w!*.h a Ff5her immersia thermometer, and salinity was I measured in parts per thousand (pps) with an American Optical refracto-ceter.

I Trawl 1amples consisted of fish and shellfish captureu in a 15-minute tow. The catcaes were so::ted according to species, and a minimum and maximum total length, tota?. unmber, and total w ight were recorded. If the species was one of the doninant and/or ceemercially impettant I species (bay anchovy, croaker, su:m'.er flounder, scathern flout. der, menhaden, striped mullet, white mullet, spot, weakfish, spotted seatrout, white shrimp, pink shrimp, or brown shrimp), ap to 25 total lengths were recorded from each san:ple.

I  ;->

I When extremely large samples were collected, subsampling was utilized.

A s. ample was sut sampled by filling an S.5 liter plastic bucket from which the numbers, lengths, and weights of each species were recorded.

The rest of the catch was weighed and released overboard. The total number of fishes caught in each tow was obtained by multiplying the number of fish of each species in the subsample by a factor determined by dividing the weight of all the fish by the weight of the subsample, g This technique was identical to that used by UNC (Schwart: e t_, al. 1979b). E' Samples not worked up in the field were labeled, placed in plastic bags, put on ice, and worked up in the lab at a later time.

Gill net samples consisted of fish captured in a 24-hour set. (Blue I

3 crabc were not recorded for gill net data purposes beca..se in most instances they were attracted to a net by the fish in it rather than being captured by the net.) Gill net samples were worked up in the came mann'ar as trawl samples, although because of the small sample size they were never subsampled.

4.4 Results and Discussion I

4.4.1 Hydrocraphy B

The average water temperature in the lower Cape Fear estuary (Fig. 4.2) 5 de: lined during the first 3 trips of this study to a lov of approximately .

6 C (February 20-22). Water temperature increased steadily over the next 7 trips, except in one instance, to a maximum of approximately 30 C (Trip 10, July 17-19). A slight decline of the water temperature occurred during the last 2 trips. These temperatures were comparable to UNC data (Schwarte et al. 1979a, Schwart: et al. 1979b).

Salinities in the lower Cape Fear estuary ranead from a low of 2 ppt to a high of 30 ppt. As expected, salindties were higher in the lower reaches of the study area and lower in the higher reaches. In general, salinities were icwer during the winter and early spring trips and higher during the late spring and sut=er trips (Fig. 4.3).

Similar patterns were observed during the years 1973-1978 (UNC Schwart:

et al. 1979a, Schwartz ,et al. 1979b).

g W

4-4 l

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4.4.2 General Trend _s A total of 223,039 fish and 145,513 travertebrates of 103 spec Two 14e was 1979 with all gears.

collected frem January 1979 through August loggerhead turtles, 1 green sea curtle, and 13 diamondback terrapins were also caught.

of the cetal numbers of fish and invertebrates captured, 39,231 fish in 148 large travi samples along and 3,573 invertebrates were caught The most abundant fishes with 1 green sea turtle and 4 terrapins. spot ( 3. 0*.) ,

caught in large travis were nenhaden (61.1%), croaker (13.4*),

invertebrates were brown shrimp I .

and weakfish (6.9*) . The most abundant (50.7%), blue crabs (33.5%), and pink shri=p (5.67.) .

I in 216 small travi samples, 131,428 fish, 137,240 inv er t ebrat es , 2 Spot was loggerhead turtles, and 4 diamondback terrapins were caught, fish (44.1%), f ollowed by croakur (26.6*), bay the most abundant Cf the inverte-anchovy (13.S*), veakfish (2.9%) , and menhaden (2.1*) . The I brates caught in small travis, 95,972 (70*) vece grass shrimp. Station 7 majority of these (77%) were caught in 9 small travi effetts at 3revn shri=p (20.1*.) were the second most abundant in '4alden Creek.

invertebrace, while blue crabs accounted f or 5.5* of the small travi inver t ebra t es .

In 144 gill net efforts, 2,380 fish and 5 diamondback terrapins were caught.

Menhaden co: prised 64.4P. of the total catch, while sharpnoso for 10.6%, 9.4%, and 4.9*,

sharks, spot, and bluefish account I respectively.

i A list of the number, specias, and the percentage of the total organ sms A ranking by gear collected by each gear is presented in Table 4.3.

in the 07E is presented in of the 10 cost abundant fish caught Table 4.4.

I I

I L-5

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ = _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _

I 4.4.3 Species Accounts I

Total Ortenises The CPUT of total organismo with the large trawl was significantly greater at Station $ than at Stations 2, 3, 4, and 9 (Table 4.5). The CPUE at Station 2 was significantly lower than other large trawl stations.

The CPUE of total organisms with the small trawl was significantly higher at Station 5 than the other small trawl stations (Table 4.5).

The small trawl CPUE was lowest at Station 8.

The highest CPUE for gill nets also occurred at Station 5 although there was no signifi.: ant dif f erence between the CPUE's at Station 5 and the CPUE's at Stations 4 and 1. *he lowest CPUE for gill nets was at Station 7.

For purposes of this discussion, the CPUE data for some species was separated into two groups--young-of-the-year and juvenile / adult. The young of the year are Age O fish, while the juveniles and adults are Age I and older fish.

Spot Spot were overall the most abundant finfish caught from January through August 1979. A total of 83,342 were caught, 96*, with the small trawl.

In general spot were r sst soundant in small trawl samples in April and I

May when both Age 0 and Age I fish were present (rigs. 4.4 and 4.7).

In large trawls Age O spot were most abundant from June-August, whereas older apot were generally most abundant in January (Figs. 4.5-4.6). g These patterns result from the fact that Age 0 and Age I spot move W into shallow areas where they are susceptible to the small trawl during spring and early summer months. As they move out of these i

4-6 E_

I nursery areas into the open estuary, they become more abundart in large travi catches. Schwart: reported catching Age O spot from .

February to by (CTS, Vol. XIV).

I 1ength frequency distributions f rom trawl data show that the spot present in the CTE in January were year 11ngs, the majority of which were S$-120 =n long (11gs. 4.3-4.9) . In February approx 1=ately 75%

I. of the spot caught in small travis were Age 0 (20-30 =n) with a f ew Age I fish still present. 3y the time of peak abundance, 99*. of the spot present in the small trawl :atches were Age 0 (20-50 =n) .

The peak growth period for spot was frotn My to August (Tig. 4.3).

From the ti=e spot first entered the samples in February (at 2 0 =n -

I 30 mm) until the end of the study period in August, they increased in size by approx 1=ately 70 =n to a nean length of 95 =n.

The CPUI of Age O spot was generally highest in the intake Canal and/or adjacent areas. The CTJE of young-of-the-year spot with ssall trawl was significantly higher at Stations 5 and 6 (Intake Canal) than at the other small trawl stations (Table 4.5). Stations 1 and 4 had significantly higher CPUI's than Stations 7 and 3. The C?UE of young-of-the-year spot with the large trawl was higher at Station 5 (Intake Canal) than elsewhere. Be CPUI at Station 4 (Outer End of

~

4 Intake Canal) was higher than Stations 2, 3, and 9. The CPUE of adult spot was highest at Station 5 vich both the 1stge and small trawls.

Of the 204 spot caught in gill nets, S3% of them were caught at Station 5 from January to hy. *he majority of these spot were ft:m 260 =n - 230 =n in length (Tigs, a.10 and 4.11) . It appears that spot

_I of this si:e were trapped in the intake canal af ter the diversion device was completed because almost no other spo; were taken at other i stations af ter the completion of the diversion device.

I I

z-,

E

I Croaker I

Croaker was the secor.. most abundant fish caught, with all gears, in the Cape Tear estuary during the study period. A total of 48,322 croakers was caught in the small trawl, 5,250 in the large trawl, and 33 in the gill nets resulting in a total for all gears of 53,605 (Table 4.3).

Croakers were found in the estuary during the entire study period with the peak abundan:e occurring in May and June when both Age 0 and yearlings were present (Figs. 4.12-4.14). The majority of croakers g

caught during this time was in the 40-45 mm range. Croakers were g caught at 20-30 en f rom January until May and reached lengths of 110-125 mm by the end of August (Tic. 4.15). Schwartz (CFS vols. XIVd and XV) reports catching croakers at the same size during the same time interval.

Gill net catches of croaker remained at abour M.. same level during the g

study period. Their mean length was approximately 280 mm TL. B ,

Except for the Ship Channel stations (3 and 9), the deeper areas of the estuary generally had the largest catches of croaker. Large trawl data showed a significantly higher CPUE of young-of-the-year '$ _

croaker at Station 5. The CPUE for young-of-the-year croaker with the small trawl was higher at Station 1 followed by Station 5. The g

CPUE at Stations 1 and 5 were significantly different from each other, 3 and the catches were significantly higher than those at other stations (lable 4.5). Large trawl catches of Age I adult and older croaker were significantly higher at Stations 2 and 5 than at other stations.

Bay Anchovv Bay anchovy was the third most abundant fish found in the Cape Fear

• estuary during the study period with a total of 34.949 caught, the majority (34,164) in small trawls. Peak abundance occurred in early summer when small trawl catches were dominated by young-of-the-year (Fig. 4.16-4.17).

4-8 E

I Bay anchovies ranged in size from 25-95 m TL with the majority f r om 55-65 m:n TL. Length frequency data show the older 'nchovies disappeared frem the catch as the catch of young-of-the-year anchovies increased (Fig. 4.17). The fact that the older anchovies disappear from the catch may indicate that this is an annual species. Schwarts (C75 Vol. XIV) reported Age 0 bay anchovies I appearing primarily frem August to October. Age 0 bay anchovies were picked up during this study with the small trawl beginning in June. Schwartz, however, did not use a small trawl during the sumer I months which is the ; ear most likely to catch these small fish.

The CFUE for bay anchovies was significantly higher at Stations 1, 5 and 4 than other small trawl stations (Table 4.5). (Analysis of I large trawl data was not performed becauae of the low number of anchovies caught with this gest.) Stations 4 and 5 (Intake Canal) and 1 (Freshwater Drainage Canal) are in dredged canals of approximately the same depth.

Menhaden Menhaden ranked as the fourth most abundant fish caught with all gears. A total of 29,271 menhaden was caught from January to August, of which 23,987 were caught in the large trawl (most abundant fish I caught), 3,752 in the small trawl, and 1,532 in the gill nets (most abundant fish caught) (Tables 4.3 and 4.4).

l The peak of abundance occurred during February and was dominated by 90-105 mm TL fish (Figs. 4.18-4.21). Schwart reported the peak as occurring from January to March (CFS, Vol. XIV).

Age 0 menhaden appeared in the small trawl samples at around 35 mm TL in April and were present at increasing lengths ,until the end of June when they disappeared from the samples (Figs. 4.22-4.23).

I Menhaden caught in the gill nets were older fish and ranged in length from 260 - 320 mm TL for the months of January-July. In August the gill net catches were dominated by smaller menhaden in the 165 - 185 mm I TL range (Fig. 4.24).

t. - 9

I The small trawl CPUE of Age 1 and older menhaden was sigtificantly higher at Stations 4 and 5 than the other small trawl stations.

The CPUE for the large trawl was significantly higher at Stations 9 and 3 (channel stations) than at the other stations. The gill net CPUE was significantly higher at Station 4 than at the other stations (Tabis 4.5).

Trout This group consists of two similar species of the family Sciaenidae, the spotted seatrout and the weakfish. Of the two species, the weakfish is the more abundant in this area.

Weakfish ranked as the fd:O most abundant fish caught during the g study period. Out of a tota 1 of 7,954 weakfish caught. 2,692 were F caught in large trawls, 5,257 were caught in small travis, and only 5 were caught in gill nets.

Few weakfish wete present in the study aAca unt11 April and May (Figs. 4.25-4.28). At this time Age 1 fish were caught in both the large and sma.11 travis (Figs. 4.29 and 4.30). Beginning in June, Age O fish were caught with.the small trawl. By the middle of July, =

weakfish (most of which were Age 0) had reached their peak of abundance, g 5

Weakfish present in April and May were in the range of 135-215 mm.

The Age 0 weakfish that entered the small trav) catches in .'une were in the 20 - 65 mm range. In August the modal length of these Age 0 weakfish was 90 mm although 20 - 30 mm fish were still being collected, indicating a continual recruitment during this time (Figs.

4.29 and 4.30).

Age 0 weakfish tended to be more abundant at the deeper stations in the estuary. The CPUE of young-of-the-year weakfish with the small trawl was significantly higher at Stations 5, 8, and 1 than at the other small travi statienc (Table 4.5). The CPUE of young-of-the-year with the large trawl was significantly higher at Stations 9, 5, and 3 than at Stations 4 and 2.

4-10 g

E One hundred and ten spotted seatrout were captured in trawls. Of these 811 were caught in January and February (Figs. 4.31 and 4.32). At this I. time the spotted seatrout ranged from 100 - 350 mm TL (Figs. 4.33 and 4.34). Of the 48 spotted seatrout caught in the gill nets, 32 vere caught in April (Fig. 4.35). The range of lengths of these fish was from 170 - 405 mm, with 40% at 400 mm and over (Fig. 4.36).

I T1ounder_

Two species of commercially important flounder, southern flounder and summer flounder. vere found in the swdy area. The southern flounder was found in greater abundance with 1,172 collected by all gears as compared to only 335 summer flounder caught with all gears (Table 4.3).

I Two peaks of abundance of southern flounder vere observed during the study period. The first peak, in January, (Figs. 4.37-4.38) consisted I primarily of juveniles in the 100-150 m TL size range (Figs. 4.39 and 4.40). The second peak of abundance appeared in June (Figs. 4.41-4.42) and consisted mostly of young-of-the-year fish in the 50-100 mm TL size range (Figs. 4.41 and 4.42). These young-cf-the-year firs; appeared in the small travi samples in April at 35-50 c:m TL (Figs. 4.39 and 4.40) .

Schwartz (C7S, Vol. XIV) reports these same size southern flounder appearing in the Cape rear between March and May.

I The peak abundance of summer flounder occurred in May (Fig. 4.43) and consisted almost entirely of young-of-the-year fish, most of which were in the 45-80 =m TL size range (Fig. 4.44). These fish first appeared in the small travi samples in some abundance in late April in the 35-50 mm TL range.

Southern flounder vere generally more abundant in the Intake Canal.

The CPUE for young-of-the-year southern flounder, with the small trawl I was significantly higher at Stations 6 and 5 than at Statiens 1, 4, 7 and 8 (Table 4.5). The same was also true f or Age I and cider southern flounder caught in the small trawl. The CPUE for adult southern flounder with the large trawl was significantly higher at Station 5 than the other large travi stations.

4-11

Mullet There are two species of mullet in the lower Cape Fear area, the striped mullet and the white mullet. Very few specimens were caught of both species (125 striped and 15 white), so they will be treated as one.

Mullet were caught in the travis primarily in the first two months of the study period. The peak of abundance occurred at the end of February (Trip 3). On this trip almost 60% of the total number of mullet caught (in all gears) were . aught in small trawls (Figs. 4.45 at.d 4.46). They ranged in size from 25-240 mm, although over half wete less than 35 mm (Fig. 4.47). Mullet of this same size were also taken in the larval fish program during this time (see Section 2.4.6).

Othsr Finfish Eighty other species of finfish were caught. Included in this list are blackcheek tonguefish (Symphurus plagiusa), the sixth most abundant fish, and spotted hake (Urophvcis regius), the seventh most abundant fish (Table 4.4). Some of these species, however, were only represented by a few specimens (Table 4.3).

E Shrimp S The shrimp included in this group are the commercially important shrimp of the family Penacidae. The spec.ies are brown shrimp, pink shrimp, and white shrimp. Of these three, the white shrimp is usually the more abundant species in the Cape Fear estuary. 'n'hite shrimp were not caught in large numbers because the study period ended in August and white shrimp are predominantly caught in September and October.

Their numbers have also been reduced because of,the severe winters of g

1976-77 and 1977-78 (CTS, Vol. XV). 3 Brown shrimp ranked as the second most abundant invertebrate (grass shrimp ranked first) caught during the study period. A total of 4-12 8_

I I 31,947 was captured, the majority (86%) with the small trawl (Table 4.3). Brown shrimp were not f ound in any abundance in the samples until the middle of May (Trip 7) when 40-55 =m shrimp were '

caught in the small trawl (Fig. 4.48). On Trip 8 (June 3 and 4)

I 15 - 100 mm TL shrimp were caught in both the large and small trawls (Tigs. 4.48 and 4.49). The peak of abundance of brown shrimp occurred in June although good numbers were caught through the end of the study period (Figs. 4.50 and 4.51). Brown shrimp caught in the swall trawl increased in size from a mean length of approximately 50 (Fig. 4.48).

cun in May to a length of approximately 125 mm in late August

'4alden Creek, the Intaka Canal, and the FDC had the larger catches of brown shrimp. Small trawl catches were higher at Station 5 which was not significantly different from Station 1 (Table 4.5).

Catches at Stations 1, 6 and 7 were significantly higher than at Stations 8 and 4 The large trawl CPUE for brown shrimp was signifi-cantly higher at Station 5 than the other large trawl stations.

I Pink shrimp ranked as the fifth most abundant invertebrate. A total of 2,272 were caught, 79% with the small trawl. Pink shrimp were most abundant in January. After January they were found in very few numbers (except at Station 1) until July and August (Figs. 4.52 and 4.53).

In January the lengths of pink shrimp ranged from 25-190 mm with the I. mode at 90 mm (Figs. 4.54 and 4.55). Those : aught during the first of August in the small trawl ranged in length from 25 - 85 mm with a modal length of 50 cm. At the end of August their lengths ranged a

from 45 - 120 mm with a mode of 70 mm.

The C?UE cf pink shrimp with the small trawl was' highest at Star. ion 1 E

""'*" "** "**"'"*"""***h$'"'("25)-

M The catch at these two stations was significantly higher than the catch at the other small trawl stations. Pink shrimp catches with the large trawl I 4-13 I

were higher at Station 5. Except for Station 2, the catches at Station 5 were significantly higher than the catches at Stations 9 g

and 3. T White shrim; were not caught abundantly until Auguss (Figs. 4.56 and 4.57). They appeared in small trawl samples (primarily at Stations 1 and 7) at the first of August at a range of 65 - 135 m and a modal length of 105 mm an? increased in size to 115 m in three weeks (Fig. 4.58). This same trend also appeared in the impingement data (see Section 5.3.2.2),

I a

Blue Crabs Blue crabs were the third most. abundant invertebrate caught, ranking behind gre.sa and brown shrimp. A total of 10,477 was caught in both the large and small trawls. As with impingement, the period of peak abundance in 1979 occurred from the middle of March to the first of M April (Figs. 4.59 and 4.60). The lowest CPUE occurred just previous to this period and corresponds to the time of the lowest temperatures recorded during the study period. It is noted (CFS, Vol. XVII) that blue crabs tend to burrow into the nud during cold weather end to a large extent escape the trtwis used in sampling.

O

. u catches of blue crabs tended to be highest St stations located in 5

4 Intake Canal. The small trawl catches at Stations. 6, 4, and 5 were gher ar_1 significantly different from the estch at Stations 7 and 1 (Table 4.5). Large trawl catches at Stations 4, 5, and 2 were higher than at the other large trawl stations, and the CPUE at Stations 4, 5 and 6 vad significantly greater than at Stations 9 and 3.

Other Shellfish This group inc1.udes shellfish (8 species) other than the co=mercial Penacid shriep and blue crabs. Species include hardback shrimp (Trachypenaeus constrictus), grass shrimp (palaemonetes spp.), mantis shr1=p (Scuilla empcsa), and other swin ing crabs (Portunus spp.).

I 4-14

I E Grass shrimp was the most abundant species in this group, comprising 98% of all other shellfish. On an overall basis, grass shri=p comprised I 66% of the total shellfish caught (includes ?enseid shri=p and blue crabs). Of the 95,978 grass shri=p c346ht, 68,723 were cught in small ravis in Walden Creek (Station 7) from January to April.

Miscellaneous Soecies This group includes all other species at incJuded elsewhere. These I. species are the brief squid (Lolliguncula brevis), the green sea turtle (Chelenia =" dias _), the diamondback terrapin (Malaclet:f;t, tet rar iq) , and the leggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta caretta). One lo;gethead was caught May 15 in Walden Creek in the scall trawl, and one vas caught May 16 at Station 6 in the small trawl. (These records were inadver-tently omitted from Table 4.3.) A green sea turtle was caught with the large crawl on May 15 at Station 2. The brief squid was by far I the dominant member of this group and was the fourth overall most abundant invertebrate caught.

I 4.5 Coersarison of 1979 Catch Per Unic Ef f ort 'Jith Earlier Years I A detailed comparison of the C?UE for the dominant species collected in this stucy with the C?UE's presented by Dr. Schware: for the years 1974 through 1978 is not possible at this ti=e for several reasons.

The nu=ber of stations sa= pled in the USC ptagram varied from 10 to I 12 vich considerable e=phasis placed on ocean and channel stations.

The reduced 1979 program sampled only 9 stations, 7 of which had been sa= pled by UNC in previous years. ~he e=phasis , however , was placed on the shallow stations where larger numbers of juveniles and f ever nu=bers of deeper voter forms (e.r.: ' ardrum) were collected. A comparison between years vss furtbn s amplicated by the change in

' sa=pling f requency. The MC progras concentrated its ef f ort during the spring and fall conths and only sparingly sa: pled during the su=ser and vinter conths. *he reduced C?LL progra= evened the sa:pling I out, over the entire year. Consequently, the disproportional sa=pling sche =e resulted in see=1ngly h1gher catches of vinter spawners and lower catches of su==er spawners.

4-15

k'ith these conditions kept in nind, the following comparison is given, which shows the overall CPUE's of the dominant species for the conbined time period 1973 thtough 1978, 1978, and January-August 1979 (CFS, Vol. XV, Table 31b-c).

SMALL TRAWL C?UE's l

1973-7B 1978 1929 3 pot 30.16 10.28 370.34 3ay Anchovy 17.76 11.81 158.17 Croaker 13.65 5.98 223.71 Tongueftsh 3.62 3.04 14.72 Hogchoker 2.71 3.25 2.43 Stardrum 1.79 0.01 0.33 Spotted Hake 1.99 3.02 3.69 Menhaden 1.69 3.40 17.32 LARCE TRAWL C?UE's I

1973-78 1978 1979 Scardru:n 11.33 70.40 4.42 Croaker 52.89 20.98 35.47 Menhaden 84.06 265.85 162.07 Spoe 42.57 50,55 21.11 5.99 0.42 Pinfish 13.98 Weakfish 15.91 43.68 13.19 '

Spotted Hake 32.23 11.49 6.39 8

Note that even taking into consideration the problems in =aking these comparisons, the 1979 data appears to be as high or higher than in previous years.

As soon as the UNC data base is available in a f orm that is compatible with the C?LL data base, a nere detailed comparison will be made. This cot:parison vill :ensider the dif f erences in ss: pling frequency and _

station locations allowing a direct year-to-year ec=parison.

Conclusions

• 4.6

'he average water te=perature was lowest at 6 C during February and highest at 3 0*C during .!u.'_y. The average salinities ranged fro: 2 ppt I

. e s_

I )

1 to 30 ppt and were generally lower during the winter and early spring trips and higher during the late spring and su==er trips.

I A total of 223,039 fish and 145,313 invertebrates was caught. :ost of these with the san 11 traul. The ten most abundant fish, in order of decre<Asin% abundance, were spot, croaker, bay anchovy, =enhaden, weakfish, conguefish,

• potted hake, southern flounder, stardrum I (Stellifer ,lencelatus), and silver perch (Bairdialla,chrysura).

five most abundant invertebrates caught, in order of decreasing The abundance, were grass shrimp, brown shrimp, blue crabs, brief squid, and pink shrimp.

I With the small trawls, catches tended to be higher at Stations 1 and/or

5. Areas of this type probably serve as nursery areas for most sstuarine depended species during at least part of their stay in the estuary. Both of these stations are in man-made, soft bottom I canals, intermediate in depths to the channel and tidal creek stations.

Spot was the most abundant fish collected for all gears combined. In general they were most abundant in small trawl samples in April and May when both Age 0 and Age 1 fish were present. In large trawls, Age C spot were most abundant from June to August, whereas older spot were generally most abundan'; in January. The CPUE of Age O spot was I 3enerally highest in the intake canal and/or adjacent areas. Se CM E of young-of-the-year spot in the small trawl was generally higher at Stations 5 and 6 than the other small trawl stations. The CPUE of older spot wss higher at Station 5, followed by Stations 1 and 4 than the other small ::avi stations, i Croakers were the second most abundant finfish and were present in the estuary during the entire study period. B ey were caught from January until May at 20-30 ::n. Peak of abundance occurred in May and June j

'- B - wnen catches of croaker were dominated by 40-45 i=s fish. T.xcept for the ship channel stations (3 and 9), the deeper areas of the estuary generally had the largest catches of c caker. The C?E of young-o f-the-year croaker with the st:all trawl was generally highest at Station 1, followed by Station 3.

g

Ray anchovy was the third most abundant finfish caught. Tne peak of abundance occurred in early sur:mer with catches during this t1=c dominated by Age O fish ranging in size from 30 to 50 =, ne anchovies' CPUI for the small trawl was higher at Stations 1, 5, and 4 than the other small trawl stations.

Menbsden was the fourth most ab'mdant fish caught with all gears, although they ranked first in large trawls and gill nets. *he peak of g abundance of senhaden occurred during February and was do=inated by 90-105 =m TL fish. Age 0 menhaden appeared in small trawl samples at around 35 == TL in April and were present in increasing lengths until June when they left the sa=pling area. The highest C?UE --* older me.;sden with the small trawl occurred at Stations 4 and 5 with the Aarge trawl at Stations 9 and 3, and with the gill nets at Station 4.

Weakfish ranked fifth in abundance and were caught in c.Sh greater abundance than spotted seatrout. Weakfish, most of wh t were Age 0, 3 reached their peak ,of abundance in mid-July. Weakfish entered the small trawl catches at 20-65 == in June and reached a codal length of 90 = by August. Weakfish (Age 0) tended to be more abundant at the deeper stations in the estuary. The CPUE of Age 0 with small trawl was generally higher at Stations 5, 8, and 1, than at Stations 4, 6, and 7. 3 E

Southern ficunder were cauthe in greater abundance than su=mer flounder.

Young-of-the-year southern flounder were caught in trawl samples in April at 35-50 == and reached a peak in June at a range of 50-100 =

L. The CPUI ftr both young-of-the-year and older southern flounder was higher at Stations 6 and 5 than at the other stations.

Mullet were primarily caught in trawls in January and February and ranged in length from 25 to 360 =. although ov'er half were less than g

3 5 =. Bis size range (25-35 =) was the same general si:e as the 3

=ullet wollected it the larval fish sa=pling progrs=.

I I

L-18 l

Grass shri=p were :he nost abundant inver:ebrate numbering over 95,000, ne majority of these (77".), however, were collec:ed in nine small trawls at a single station (k'alden Creek) .

Brown shrimp was the second most abundant invertebrate. ney were not caught after Januarv un:11 the middle of May when they were caught in s=all :: awls at 40-55 mm. neir peak of abundance occurred in June at a si:e of 75-100 :=i. n e CPUI for brown shri=p in :he large and small

awl was highest at Statien s. 1.arge catches vsre also collected at Station 1 in the small :: awl.

Pink shri=p displayed evo peaks of abundance, one in January and one in August. In January they ranged in si:e from 25-190 =m vi:h a modal length of 90 =m. In August they ranged in size from 25-85 =m vi h a nodal length of 50 ==. n e1r CPUE in the small :: awl was generally higher at Stations 1 and 5 than the other small trawl stations.

k'hite shri=p were =ost abundan: in August, at which ti=e they ranged in size fre 65 to 135 =s with a sodal length of 105 =m. Their peak of abundance, however, probably occurred later in the fall.

I ne peak of abundance of blue :rsbs occurred from the middle of March

o the first of April. D e small trawl Stations 5, 4, and 5 had I- generally higher catches of blue crabs than the other small :: awl stations, with the large crawl catches generally higher at Stations 4, 3

5, and 2 than elsewhere.

I I,

. ~

E-i.

• 1h

I  :

4.7 References l

t

1. Huish, Melvin T. and James P. Geaghan. 1979. A study of adult and juvenile fishes of the lower Cape Fear River near the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant 1975-1976 (Vol. XIII of Carolina Power &

Light Company's Cape Fear River Studies). North Carolina Cooperative Fishery Research Unit. North Carolina State University. 148 p.

2. Schwart:, T. J. et al. 1979a. An ecological study of fishes and invertebrate macrofauna utilizing the Cape Fear River estuary, W Carolina Beach Inlet, and adjacent Atlantic Ocean. Institute of Marine Sciences. University of North Carolina. (Vol. XIV, Cape Fear Studies). 571 p.

3. 1979b. An ecologicsl study of fishes and invertebrate macrofauna utilizing the Cape Fear River estuary, Carolina Beach Inlet, and adjacent Atlantic Ocean. Institute of Marine Sciences.

University of North Carolina. (Vol. XV Cape Fear Studies).

326 p.

~I 5

I

~

I 4- 20 I

I I e I

I

• a TABLE 4.1 CP&L/L*NC STATIONS WITH RESPECTIVE CP&L GEAR TYPES I CP&L STATION L*NC STATION CP&L CEAR TYPE _

1 Small trawl, gill net 2 ISE Large trawl 3 19 Large trawl 4 CM Large trawl, small trawl, gill net 3 CS Large crawl, small trawl, gill net 6 C32 Small trawl, gill net 7 Small trawl, gill net S 23W Small trawl, gill net 9 23 Large trawl I

I I

I ~

I I

4-21

~ _._ ___ . _ _ . . .- . . _ _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _.._ _ .. _ ____ _ ..__ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _

l l

1 I 1 l

TABLE 4,2 Nekten sampling trips and ef fort Il TRIP DATE LT EFFORT ST GN Ill!

1 January 8 - January 11 15 18 12 Iil 2 January 30 - February 1 15 18 12 3 February 20 - February 22 12* 18 12 1

1 4 March 13 - March 16 12 18 12 1

5 April 3 - April 5 12 18 12 6 April 24 - April 26 12 18 12 1

7 May 14 - May 16 12 18 12 S June 4 - June 7 15 18 12 9 June 24 - June 27 15 18 12 10 July 17 - July 19 0 18 12 11 August 7 - August 10 15 18 12 5 3

E 12 August 28 - August 30 23 18 12 TOTAL 148 216 144 1

Station 5 was not sampled while diversion device was in effect. E 4 ,

' Boat failure - Ms. SLUICE inoperative 3

Gear failure - trawl too cadly torn to be nended quickly and used again during the sr.mpling period.

I I.

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• a-25

I I

TABLE 4 . 4 PJJKING, BY GEAR, OF THE 10 MOST ABUNDANT FISH CAUCHT IN THE CAPE FEAR ESTUARY, JANUARY-AUGUST 1979 SPECIES RANK COMMON NAME TAXONC"IC NAME OVERALL LT ST GN Spot Leiostomus xanthurus 1 3 1 2 Croaker Micropogonias undulatus 2 2 2 6 Bay Anchovy Anchoa mitchilli 3 7 3 _

Menhaden Brevoortia,tyrannus 4 1 5 1 Weakfish Csmoscion regalis 5 4 4 14 Tonguefish Symphurus plagiusa 6 33 6 _

• Il Spotted Hake Urophycis regius 7 5 8 _

Southern Flounder Paralichthys lethosigma S 9 7 11 i i

Ecar Drum Stellifer lanceolatus 9 7 27 _

• 1 Silver Perch Bairdiella chtvoura 10 S 15

• al 5' l

• None caught in gill nets W t I

I I

":e .s w v---- ,e-, rwwr w w w .s--.w

M M M M M 'M_ M M M.' M M M M M M M M M 4

l l Table 4.5 12esults of ANOVA and Duncan Mult iple Range coinparison for nekton CPUE data i

• l i

i

., Source l Trip & Trips 2 2 l Elfecies Age Gear Trip Station Station X S (R ) Analyzed i

Total organisms Small tr. *** *** *** 2.825 .099 .808 1-12 517648

-~- -

1 j large tr. *** *** ** I.176 .149 .716 1-12

. 59342 C111 net *** *** *** 0.963 059 .892 1-12 451867 isay anchovy Small tr. *** *** *** 1.532 .251 .817 1-12 e 154687--  !

, e O

Pink shrimp Sinal l tr. *** *** *** 0.466 .101, .866 1-7, II, 12 154876  !

la rge tr. *** *

• O.063 .147 732 1-7, 11, 12  !

-52493 Ilrown siirimp Small tr. *** *** *** 1.942 .127 .865 8-12 516784  :

large tr. *** ***

• 0.911 .379 .745 7-12 i

54923 l

151ue crates Small tr. *** *** *** 1.218 .114 .791 1-12  ;

6458]I 1.arge tr. ** *** ns 0.913 .285 .517 1-12  !

45293-I i

L

, t l

I l

o ,

Table 4.5 Continueu

""'#" Trips Trip & -

2 2 Ae Gear Trip Station Station X S (R ) Analyzed Species J Small tr. *** *** *** 0.337 .232 .726 1-8 Heuhaden Adult 4_5 8761 Adult Large tr. *** *** *** 1.167 .218 .881 1-12 9 3 t- 5 2 Gill net *** *** *** 0.694 .066 .908 1-12 Adult 485167

• • • *** *** 1.325 0.155 869 9-12 7 Weakfish Young Small tr.

d

' 581647 Young Large tr. *** ***

• 1.005 0.300 .7b0 9-12 95342 large tr. *** ** ** -0.094 .104 .625 1-12 Adult 39542 Young Small tr. 0** *** *** 1.656 .332 .800 3-12 Spot 561487 Adult Scaall tr. *** *** *** 0.537 .128 .863 1-12 L14867 Young Large tr. *** *** ns O.476 .211 .801 7-12

_5_4_293 Adult large tr. *** * *** 0.307 .182 .707 1-12 54293 1

M M M M- M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 1-

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.q Figure 4.1 Map of CP&L Nekton Sampling Stations.

-- - 4-30 _

R t

l B i

. E d i l E C4+X>xoxx n 4  !

m g l 1 4 / .s -

• i t - N M v m c N co o I a n

m 3

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m > $

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FIGUftE 4.3 . f)VERflGE SRLIllITIES (PPD BY STI)TI0tt FOR NEKT0ft STUDY Jf1N 1979 - flog 1979 y -.

Al m.

T v

~

~h x

/

p l

q g ,

y g" g

/ h ' i,.

STitTION SYt00L t//

5 S- '

i a 2 A

% os _

' 3 .g.

\

4 x m-

A' 6 Y-

,\ m 7 o

+- 8 K 9 Z i i i i i e i i i i i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. Sept.

IM W M M M M M ~ M' M M M M M M M M M M M

~I

~I

'A

I &

e I

-= 1

-I >

\/ 7

)- -3 h

=

g '

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• -e

'I C '

D E

SRE I @gb eW

~*

4 b'e I t::

5 m S >- -- e-i h 55 8 s s .

-a . -

y

-o 5yg I sse / --

gis 4:

.I WC#U e =

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$ j yh * -n I s c .

o FN #

y OX>WoX I o

= \*-

l @

-emes.

,5

, . 3 i i 6 S'S S S~E E S'T I S*0 0 U'3/7cC20l201 I .s>

FIG'JRE 4.5 . flVERAGE CllTCit PER UtlIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STflTION FOR LARGE 1ROWLS FO't NEKTON STUDi J0!41979 - fl0G 1979 SPECIES-SPOT flGE-YOUNG OF YEflR c)

STflTI0t1 SYtDOL m -

N '), b 3 +

4 X

~

7 Y U m -- 5 Y 9 X D

( m_.

a N

ud

^

=

O t

~

_ _ _ /X' T I I I I I O

T T ~Y T T T 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 4 TRIP' Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. Sept.

E E E E E E E M M M M M M M M g g g g-

W mm m- m m mM M M M M M M m m M. W W 1

FIGURE 4.6 fWERflGE CflIUt PER Uf1IT EFFORI (CPUE) BY SIflTION FOR LflRGE TRAWLS FOR flEKT0!I STUDf JAN 1979 - fldG 1979 l SPECIES-SPPT HGE= JUVENILE & flDULT m

STf1TI0ff SftBOL nn o3~ 7. A I 3 +

g 4 X 5 Y h m _.

9 X 80

, 12 :

R 8

N a..

I_

'(

T/ -

U i I i I I I I I T I I i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TRIP Apr. June July u g. -Sept.

Jan. Feb. Mar.

i .j Ill

~

m m

t p

L S s

5i I 0 0 3

1 t

Y 0XYMoX S T12 I

O .

M I g T

1 i

1 4S678 T 1 1

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9 9

NN d[T 0 1 Y

1 y M B G u

)

E U

Ut f

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J P

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U M

( 7 D l

9 f T 1 _ e R & _I8 n 0 N f R E f J L J

u M E I Y N T D E I U V N

1 1

I S J U

i7 M

R N E I I

E O G P T l f

K E i6 M f

C N T

l f R D T \

C O P F S E

G l

S S E

=

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p M f

RW L

I A E O C V

O RI E P B S

. L1 L ' .

i4 W

7 4

S r.

a 4 M E

R O  : i3 M

R F U

G I

F b

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N M

Y I1 n

. M a

~ _.

J

- _. ~

3 c nd n g m - n'o a

M SkhD@~

W eh M

. llll

-I I 20 -

10 -

3g ,

liii m, = 1.

N = 1.

I TRF = 11 20 - N = 289 10

g .

.il li, MP = to I 20 -

10 l

N = 268 20 ~ TRy = g N = 956 I- 10 -

.i ti.

20 - TR7 = 8

.l Ili 20 - 7gy , 7 10 - N = 660 I 40 -

30 -

l ,l,'

TRP = 6 N = 560 20 -

I 3

@ 10 -

60 -

[ 50 -

TRa = s g g.

M = 673 w

3 30 -

$ 20 -

.l .

50 - 1R, = 4 E 40 - N = $21 g

I g x

30 -

20 -

10 -

60 - '

TRF = 3 50 - N = 500

" 90 30 -

20 -

10 -

I i1,.

20 - TRF = 2 10 - N = 112 20 -

! I'I I TRP = 1 I. 10 -

i Il 11,., N = 248 20 40 60 S'O 1$hkhhk4hkdhkghh$02dCh40hdoh$0 I SI2ECLASS, tti I FIGURE 4.8 REL37IVE LENGTii FREQUENCY SY SRMPLING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979. SMRLL TRRWLS SPECIES = SPOT I

g

I 20 - TRF = 12 E 10 -

N = 153 g i l. r .

20 -

TRF = 11 l 5

N = 236 10 -

1 I'- .. - .ii.

<=0 30 -

nF = 9 l 5

N = 126 20 -

10 -

.l,..

20 - TRF = 8 g N=3 g 10 -

>- I l ll I l l

@ 10 - nF = i g

a i i i Illill i N = 26 TRF = 6 20 - N=n g 10 -

h 20 -- TRF = 5 g 10 -

N = 115

' l 'l d

M 20 - TRF = 9 N = S3 10 -

,l l tit l 8 a

nF = 3 10 N=7 TR F = 2 .

10 - N = 47

'I gg f f 111ff 9 9 TRF = 1 20 - N = 20c 10 - E lie,,

._.I'.

20 90 60 80 100 120 140 150 150 200 220 240 260 210 5

SIZECLass, m l FIGURE 4.9 RELRTIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRMPLING TRIP E FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979. LARGE TRAWLS E SPECIES = SPOT I

4-38 _

..- . . _ - . - =.. . . . .

M M M M M M M M M M M M mm m M M M. M FIGURE 4.10 AVERflGE CflTCil PER Ut1IT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STATION FOR GILL NETS FOR NEKTON STUDY Jftf1 1979 - flUG 1979 SPECIES-SPOT cv STfiTI0t1 SYtis0L 1 0 9_. 4 X

^

e 5 Y

$ 6  %

7 0 Q c R .

% N ,

~ v -

9_ \

s ,

A 0

Y 1

2

\[ 7 3

7 1

Y 5

Y 6

T 7

T 8

~T

?

T

!G T

11 T

12 13 TRIP Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June A. ',e AuR. Sept.

I

- - 12

. n1 W = 11 w-0 TRP a 10 g

. n-1 ny = 9

.a ny - e

. N=1 s0 -

40 -

ny . 7 N=7 l 30 -

20 -

10 -

, 20 - ay - . .

e u . 15 E 10 - ' ' '

e a a 'a M

20 - ny . s E

,I ,,

x - ts a 5 10 -

!! R 0 m b nu - , 5 y 20 - , ,

u . 15 y 10 -

d 0Q R R g

= 20 - , ,

ny . 3 10 - , , ,

N - il 5

'g TEy - 2 20 - 3 37 N

5 10 -

20 -

O m a 23 N = 67 1 I 10 -

. hn h 0n. =

240 NO 2hD 350 3$0 SIZECLASS, rti =

l j

FIGURE 4.11 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRMcLING TRIP FOR NE*; TON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979. GILL NETS l l SPECIES = SPOT I

..e s_

M M M W. M M M M M M. M. M M M M M M M- M_

l l

FIGURE 4.12. RVERAGE CarCH PER UiJIT EFFORT (CPUE) Bf STRTION FOR LARGE TRRIA.S FOR NEKTON STUD ( Jilff 1979 - fldG 1979 SPECIES G ORKER flGE-YOUNG OF YERR c)

STRIION SYtDOL 9- a ]

N 2 3 +

4 X

m. 5 Y h 9 E s

g a -.

b R.

+ .

I I I i T 1 1 12 )

~~

T i T T 8 9 10 11 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 TRIP Ag. 1:ne July . Aug. Sept..

An. feb. Mar.

_ u ,,,

w I

I

~

G ax sox W j* -2 1l

=

g -m. / .._ ,. I 5 ._

l C / "

,/ . - ..

II

~

h g8 . ...

b' ,g 4e 4, l

!!$  % '~~

l e!"

a55 \M --

i l

5sl3; .. .. 3, g2s m

- \

=

gE a

qq --a t

I e

15

\ [ __ I

't i t

.I

,se e st 'a en i so 'o a wworco1 al I

4-42 a

W W W mm m m m m mm m m m M M M M m FI(AAlf 4.14 RVER6GE CnTOt PER IMIT EFFORT (CPUE1 BY STflTION FOR LfilGE TRftWLS FOR NET.IGN $IUDY JON 1979 - f10G 1979 SPECIES 4.R0 FEER flGE= JUVENILE t 000LT cv STRTION 3niiDL 2 A 3 +

in _

" 4 X 5 Y f

O 9 Z $

3 I

?

q -.

R

~

Y

\

wi

^

~

o i

3 i' T a T T 7 8 Y

9 10 7

11 12 1 2 3 1 5 6 TRIP Mar. Apr. Ane July Aug. Sept.

Jan. Feb.

D

I 19 - up = 12 '

N = 206

.,l } 1i lW TR7

• 11

' N = 351

.Il li gg , ny . 30 "

n. N = 338 gg . m, . ,

g i I lll.$ N = 751 20 - TRP = 4 N

• 733 g 3

\ lliI .

20 - TRP = 1'*""

E 10 -

N = 650 g

, l...

20 - TRP = 6 N = 445 l 10 - i i 3

p ,ll li.

30 - gy . 5 20 - N = 282

"~

, i gy . ,

E 30 -

N = 249 h

20 -

10 -

W \ l

c 30 TRP = 3 30 -

20 -

N 202 l

10 - 5

1. I> ' 5 TRF = 2 30 - N = 158 g

20 - g 10 -

1 1111.

33 ' 7,, , . t 20 - N = 181 10 -

Illii .-

20 6' 6 e'0' 00 ti0 00 140 d. . 30 200 220 2 9 260 SIZECt.RSS, Pti FIGURE 4.15 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUEN0Y SY SRMPLING TRIP FOR NEXTON STlJDY, JRN-6UG 1979, SMALL TRAWLS SPECIES = CRORKER I

_n

c, a

M M M M M M M M M W E W M M M W .M M M FIGURE 4.16 fiVERHGE CHTai PER UNIT Eff0RT (CPUE) SY STf1 TION FOR SmtL TPJ1WLS FOR NEKTON STUDY JRN 1979 - HUG 1979 SPECIES-BflY f)NQ10VY i

+

STf1 TION S17110L STf1 TION S17ts0L

'" 6 X 1 0 4 X M n- B 5 y

- ./

l- \ N -

s, -

/.

O x

l h I I 5 5

{ T I i 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 1 Apr. June July Aug. Sept.

Jan. Feb. Mar.

I g, . -

TRP = 12 l N = 307 5 10 - "

r n l Il m _

20 a__ -

np . gg ag. -

N = 5M

, h 0 n Il n n -

20 - "

TR P = 10 N = 606 10 -

, n , __n _ n"nn _

II ~ "

RP = 9 E N . 44g g 10 -

so -

_m - - m O_

ny .

20 - "

N

• 395 10 -

, n n 30 - - E ny . 7 3 20 ., W = 335 h

w 20 -

UU

• I

" N = 381 E 10 - -

~ 20 - - n2 = 5 N

• 149 b

10 -

, n -

g 30 - .

, nP . ,

y 20 - N = 67 d

• re - 1 l n I

~

i0 -,

20 - "

II#

• 3 N = 335

_O b_

30 "

RP = 2 N = 124 20 -

10 -

30 -

, 00a _

np . g 20 - "

N " 324 n n bn _

20 40 6'O 8'O SnECLf)SS, m FIGURE 4.17 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRMPLING T3IP FOR NEKTON SRIDY, JAN-6UG 1979, SMALL TRRWLS SPECIED = BRY RNCHOVY l

I ,

4-46

m M m W W m M M m m M M M M M M M M M 4

FIMRE 4.18 m'EhaGE UlTDt PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY ST6 TION r0R SttlLL TR9WLS FOR NEXTON STUDf JRN 1979 - 60G 1979 SPECIES-tfM160EH RGE-M/ENILE & 800LT n

4 STRTIOM SY1EOL i "._

1 0 4 X

<v - 5 Y

'c 6 X S q' 7 0 8 X s"

4 NJ an 0~

o -.

3

• 8 I L Eff T T X T T T T T 1 2 3 4 5 J f,

8 9 10 11 12 TRIP h Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. D-

v l

FIGURE 4 19 flVER9GE C6fut !th UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) 8Y STRTION FOR LflRGE TRAWLS FOR NEKTON STUDY JAN 1979 - HUG 1979 SPECTES-t1Ettin0EN flGE-JUVENRE L flDULT

+

. ST8 TION SYt00L

• a, _

n

~ 2 a A

u 2~

5 Y L; m 9 K

$ d- i hi os-a B

N "_e l .

l

.-4--

1 I

sn

$~

o 3

3 a i

I T

.W.

T 4 I 3 3 g i

3 6 8 9 10 l 1 2 4 5 7 11 12 TRIP June July Aug. Sept.

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

W m e M M m M M M M m m a e m W W M M

j ,:1' Il!! I\

IIIl\ t!1l ){

1

- j .

t p

L e S

" D D

" t Y

S A+XYx~ _y 12

- N O

I T

R 23459 y1 g

u N T S

1 A

O I

T S

I 9 1 S 9 i 0 1

1 Y y B G ,

l U u

) B J E R U -

A T9 P

- (

T C 9 7

9 1 F E

Y O e R

O 8 G T8 n u

- F 6 F J N E

E Y OY D

U

=

J I U E N T

- R E

U P

N O

T S G H

-T7 P

I '

I M NE R I

E Q

r N DA l

-T6 a R i C O N F

E M

- G S .

9 L S r R W E -T5 p E 8 I C

A v RT E a P

- 0 2

. G E S R

i f

L T1 r.

4 a R k1 M

- E O R F U

G I

~Y 3 F

- Y2 F b

e 41 J

n

" *~ -

• O o

- e qde1QI~ 2 s s

- iG r'1lll\l! {Il I iiI {!l i ,lll! j!l!! ;l l\

FIGURE 4.21 RVERnGE CGTDI PER LPIIT EFFORT (CNJE) BY STaTI0ft FOR SFf1LL TRBWLS FOR HEKTON STUDr JRN 1979 - RUG 1979 SPEC [E34EMinDEN OGE-fDiflG OF YEra cv STATION SYtEOL 1 0

~

4 X 1 5 Y 6 M

q 7 0 t 8 X y -

R 8

y 4

m cs ~

_ \

T 1

5 2

5 3

~

T 1

T 5 6 Y~

7 T

0 9 T

\ T r

T T 10 11 12 Jan. Feb. Mar. .Apr. Juns J2IY Aug. Sept.

TR TP gg g a m m m M SE M M M E M E E E E E

I m, - 12 i 10 - "*

, , ,1 ll1 til .

i a >

i n a - 11 l 10 - N

• III

,l i i I

n 2 = 10 W=0 RP=9 10 - N " 17

.. Ilil l  !!Ilitiis-20 - MP

• 8 N = 95 10 -

,e ill 11l1til i.

3P = 7 10 - N = 65

,, l Ill. !ii ei.!

MP - 6 M 10 s - as Illl ll ll I c 20 - me - 5 N = 292 6 '0 -

lll llal.ii 20 - N = 289 g 10 -

l llel..!

I 20 10 -

ma -

N = 265

, .! Il! l l __l . . i N = 924 llll,i.

, l av - t 10 - N

• 10' l.li.iit.l.

i . i- i , i- i i 'i 'i' 'i' 20 40 60 80100120140160180 200 220 290 260 2M 300 320 SIZECLRSS M FIGURE 4.22 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRMPLING TRIP i FOR NEXTON SRJDY, JRN-RUG 1979, LRRGE TRRhtS SPECIES = PINHROEN g ..a

I 30 - TR P = 12 N=6 20 -

10 -

20 -

10 - 6 TRP = 10 g

, . . N=3 20 - 5 RP

• 9 2' ' N = 32

' ' '; ,I , ..

na =

20 - N = 32 10 -

l , I i i ii 3, . rRe = 7 3 ,

W = 22 I 11 I I l

$ go . TRP = 6 N = 21 8 30 -

{ 20 -

5 10 -

a 20 -

i ii ti H I 33 3

• ' w . 72 h i i illillii.11 ...

20 -

h 3, , ,

~ N = 156 g

'i li,,111,,,

39 ,

TRP = 3 5

_ N

• 298 10 -

t 11 lilli I i 20 -

nF = 2 10 - N = 126 t

,,,1 illiti1 20 - nw = 1 g N

• I8 10 - g g 5

, I ff . I *

'q'n' '6O a0 iff ijf i(i iii i$ i 2202402 dei $i365320 SI2ECLASS, m FIGURE 4.23 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRMPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY. JRN-RUG 1979, SP.RLL TR%'LS SPECIES - MENHRDEN g

4-52 a_

I l I lo .

gg .

llt, illlll I

Itiliinl.il l . i t 1 l >-

n2 = 12 N = 153 n P = 11 N = 197 to -

l. intIll ei .....

I lo -

ar = to N

• 72 l l, ,,i Ililtii l t1 i I

i TRP = 9 g, _ N = 98 lt, l l  !!ll I

, , 11 I go .

ne a s N = 27 lo -

ll  ! I i

< = 9.

I #

lo -

,,t ,,1i li nei !  !!i i d ne = s w 20 - N=9 a lo -

g l 0 E

ng = 5

" lo . N - as i le t i " I ' '

to - N = 159

,, ,, ,,. ,., ..iin!! I lili-ap = 3 to - N

• 9l g il lili..nl.

ne = 2 l ,alllt l,1 o ar = 1 gg . N = 152

,,. ,. ... ... ... .. ... . . .t.,il , i i!iis t-

.- . . . r T i so too 12o 19e tso tso too 220 29o tso too soo 320 ago 36o s'eo' l SIZECLASS. Pti I FIGURE 4.24, RFl.ATIVE LENGT11 FREQUENCY SY SRF? LING TRIP J.A NEKTON STJOY. JAN-8UG 1979. GILL NETS SPECIES = MENHROEH

.I 4-53 I

g g

t j!I  ;}~

gg 2

% - s 1

g

\ \

\

• 1 1

ga N%~\ g t

\

4" O

\

I T

R 9 , s o e

F//

t T 1 -

S 9 y 1  !

T B

)

E P

U G

U A

- R A

E

// /

l /'  :  :

/ i9 &e C 9 Y 1

(

T R

O N G 7

9 1 F O XT8 h a m F

F 6 N E J U T D f D Y

- r7 m

I U

T EG N S A t

P I

R N E O P T H R

T M K SI Y6 H E C N FK T

6 0 RO RE . M r

E F W- Y5 p G S S A R L E R W I E

V RR C n T E M

P L S Y4

. L 5 E .

2 4

t S

M r

a M R Y3 E O R F d

G I

M F L 0s b t o?;x Y2 e t

Y F S

~

M i

l 0 Y1 I

T il e M H

T S

n a

7

_ ~

~ 1 _.

- 3 o

J W

9 1 Re~

I _

ll ll\ll i ;  !

W M M M M M M M M M M M M M M W M M M FIGURE 4.26 flVERPGE Cf1TCH PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STflTION

, FOR LflRGE TRMS FOR NEKTON STUOf Jft'41979 - fl0G 1979 SPECIES-WEP.KFISH P.GE-YOUNG OF YEftR c.

1I STflTI0tl SftBOL "8 a 2

3 + ,/

p 4 X g ca -- 5 Y 9 E Q

a&, "._

- \.

/

is

~

A

-S _

[

//

./ .

T i i f f i f r

// i a i 1 2 3 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TRIP Jan. Felt Mar. Ap. June July, Aug. Sept.

e. .

a--

I I

gg s

g ox>xox su g

~

/

l -m. = .tl

!. [ -e l l 3

\ -

i s

a a ' s.

be 8

[$" p. 4 g 5

5 ~5 5

/ m- l 5"g{i eg m

es e l 5W5 E 55h 5 ggG wm 8

n *8 n 6

e n

[I .

,, d .

'l b h 1s ra c /,

~

sy

/ w-g g g*;

1 S'O O Ag

(/+3na2201907 4-56 a

t .

E l

N G3 4+X>M k FN 8 ~

I 5 C

6 N r1 et m o ,

g ~

p 4

c

i.  !$ ~2

.e

~

n 4

I mm g

aei e- .

s -

e4e s .a I i!;

s -

g es- e ,

g W ._g / *5

$ "m k i !a

$'s:s

$ j y! . -

I t n- ~ 4 E /, '

, / .c_

I e si i n 3

4

(

l g ..,,

1 a--

TRP = 12 10 - N = 254 hm

...ll! l II. -

10 ,

TRP = 11 l y

N = 500

.l l11 1 !ll1 -

N = f o3 "

._ \ ll inliti.

N = 454

.1 itti I

1,P . ,

N=4 1 a un a M

G-6 g

TRP = 6 ya e MP ~ 5 l

d =

N=1 E B

$ TxP = *

• ~

w-e h TRP = 3 a: w-e TR P = 2 a a a N-3 gg .

TRU = 1 g,

20 -

to -

Vo '*'o 6o' s'o too 120140160 tso 200 229 24o 250 2H SIZECLRSS. m FIGURE 4.29 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRMPLING TRIP 3 FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-AUG 1979. SMRLL TRAWLO E SPECIES = WERKFISH I

4-58

l nF = 11 g "~ g . 238 s i i i ,o -

nu o 11 w - 472

,,,{ l illlt. *-

np = 16 v..

,I RF = 9 gg . -

N = IM

,1\

l so -

\ \ .

,,, iim o nu H*b g ,0 to -

<E ,,_ ny . 2

. .n

> I w g ...

i l il i li i ny . s a - ts g "-

ill 11 g ,o . ny . s W-3 30 -

g

{ 20 -

$ to -

I. nF = 4 y.6 MP = 3 a.0 I 30 -

nw = 1 v.s nu-t n.1 g to -

to -

l 20 o's'o'a'o555120 9 iiiidi15i555i$d5555555s5i$5 SI2ECLASS, m FIGURE 4.30 I RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRt? LING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-AUG 1979, l.ARGE TRAWLS SPECIES = WERXFISH l 4-59

I I

dB a3 g <+x>x ,r m ,

n g 5 a C N n er m o IFC al

- E F5 m

= ,.

g ER ~E

" S &g

$ to 4

] IFm m

a -

- m ir, og b

w 2.

• 5 E egn m

ir- m 5 m 3 h!

se?

n ~ n

~

55a b '""

k I

58

,g i s v-l A E

$g l

l j i r- n e I e~

gl

/

i .- se.

t S1 i S0 0 (IGl?d;7201007 4-60 _

L O

t Y

t 1

0XYX0M ,21 S

N O

= i I

T n

1 45678 ,11 r T o

I S

=

T a 9 T 7 S 9 f

1 ,10 B G

= )

E U

0 8

P o ,9 C 9

( 7

= T R

O N 9

1 f

f i

F A 0 F J R M

u/,8 T

- I N

E T

f D E U S T

A U S D ,7 E

- R N E G P

t i E T

K P T

T O

P I

C N S- R T S ,6 T .

- H R E I C O E

F CE G S P S 8 L -

- R E

V B H

W R

T

,5 L

. L

- 3 2 m G ,4 N

S .

r 4

R a E O M

. R F U

G I

F

,3

. ,2 b F

e

. E

,1

. a n

- .s _

J n

a

. as +s

. 5"

e c >> I T W = 11

_ _ ~-'

T75 = 10 y-t TW = $ l x N=4 g g A N TRP = 8 E a N=3 5 x x 0

TRP *- 6 N=4 g Kh X M g

ML' = $

3 N=1 K

TRIP = 4 h to - '

is to -

s~

ne - s a

x io . N 25 I I I I I l __ -

w = 2.

, l I I Ill llll I II I I

20 - nn = 1 E N = 17 g 10 -

'g'o'

I

'6 p' 'e'o too - 14o 160 isozootdf 246265aso SI2ECLASS, m I FIGURE 4.33 RELATIVE LENGTli FREQUENCY SY SAMPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY, JAN-AUG 1979, SMALL TRAWLS l SPECIES = SPOTTED SEATROUT I

. .e I

I TRP = 12 N=0 TRF = 11 N=0 TR P = 10 N=0 TRP = 8 N=0 TR P = 0 W=0 TR P = 7 N=0 I -:

TRP=6 N=0 0

g _.

n, = 0 I g Q

s. -

N=0 TRP=3 Q N=1 W X n

c 20 - TRF = 2 h N=6 l 10 -

I np - 1 N = 16 10 -

I --, ., ... ,. .,- .. .. .,. ., ... ...

100 120 190 160 180 200 220 290 260 280 300 320 340 SI2ECLASS, m I FIGUR E 4.34 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SAMPLING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY, J8N-6UG 1973. LARGE TRAWLS SPECIES = SPOTTED SERTROUT I

4-63

I g

E 11

$: OX>XOX n o ir-

~

B et C

• tr to @ N co FC 5 5 O

E n R F2 w $ d m

4 sh "m

arm w

• 5Eh w - , "" .

J DkE Gg*S 5 .- I e " C U52 b

,5 ~G '? n '"*!E

$e d w v o wo w g .

IL 50 WW se <

e -

, d A3 n -

g d E

E w ' E h ,. n c

I iem f

I

• ~

I

-7, , -r .

2 S'I I S'O O fI+3na)0fCO7 4-64 .I

I' TX7 = 12

. .. 3 ma

o. ,- it I _

as - in

-e my . ,

I . .

M.

.. P .= 8 TRP - 1 I so .

. ..i me - i N = 15 I-  %.

3. -

l -

to -

to -

I I III oo . ,,

N = 17 to -

I '

3 to -

I lll

- me - ,

I $

J Y

7g .

N=$

g 60 -

I c g 50 -

50 -

So -

20 -

lo -

TR P - 3 I- <-e TRP-2

.. n.2 TRP - 1

-I- . 91 1$5 i$5 22. k$o i$5 2$5 ido idi ido i$5 i$5 (do I SIZECLASS, rti l FIGURE 4.36 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRtfLING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY. JAN-AUG 1979. GILL NETS SPECIES = SPOTTED SEATROUT g -s

M M

t p

e

_ L S O

E oxy 2oX M

t Y

S T2 1 ff M i

r O

I T.

P T

S 1

45678 %XT AM 1 1

g u

O I

T l

9 .

f T 7 To t S

Y 9 T 1

L l y M B G U u J

)

0 D l I I

f E & T9 U

P C 9 E

M

( 7 L I

9 N T 1 R E , T8 n O

F t

f l

i V

U J

J eM u

F J =

E T D t

i f

U S Y

U T

E G

1 f

\N I7 M

R NO R E E P

I P T D R K N T H

C E

i f

U O

~ I6 M T L S RO iF C

E G

F 3

t R

E i

N i5 r

p

.M O L i T .A RWl U E f V

n T R O S L.

S E

i4 M

. 1 1 [

7 3 V t

C r.

S E ,

a P

4 R S MM E

R F U

O

. i3 G

I

\

F M

b I2 e k t1 F

a n

M M

..I .

J v

< m." a ".o M Qh g M

,L* M l

g g 3 g m M M M M M M M M M M M E E FIG'JRE 4 38 MER3GE D1101 PER UNIT Eff0RI (CPUE) BY SrnrION FOR LHRGE TR8WLS FOR NEKr0tl STUDY J6N 1919 - AUG 1979 SPECIES-SOUn(ERN FL0t#0ER RGE=.tuvfNILE t 6 DOLT a -

STATION Snt!OL s

2 A

- 3 +

4 X -

a 5 Y

~

^:

. 9 x a~

~

a= \..

~ \ .

x

- N

=

m\ - ,\

^ #vv 3\ )

\ ^

o --

I I I T T T

- - m-T T T & T 1 2 3 1 5 6 7 8 9 I

10 11 12 THIP Jan. Feb. Mac. Apr. kn* k'Y ^'W W

nP a 12 N=2 1 x x MP a 11 10 - N = 15 R F = 10 10 - N = 95 ll l ll1 11l1ll11 lI 11 11 I i j 10 - gy g N = $6 lillli,li illiln n il,ni,ini i _ )

10 - an . .  !

N - tss I I

., inil I ll. .Ii,.i..,i, w

10 -

) !t up - 3 M = 107 g,

y niil lli, n...i I.l.. .

e na-6 E 10 N 40 m a

" 10 -

i ilil Illilen i11 in i n, . s l

N=M 1l 11 lll111l ll1 till I it I if

• up -

• h W - 66

. Ilil lllInfl, illiii ilillI.

nn - a l

10 N = 106 ll .nll l 1l I li i n, .

I 10 - nm - 2 N = 109

. !il I l ll lIll.i.ni. ... . ... . . .

10 - up - t N = 176 r zi r j '!!!' ' O g' 4 r g rgg r SI2ECLASS, m I

FIGURE 4.39. RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRMPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-flVG 1979. SMALL TRAWLS SPECIES = SOUTHERN FLOUNDER I

4-dS _

I to -

w = ta N = 24

,o - TRP

.. .= tt l l lllll ll l l  !! ! l TRP = to

• -e I ao - my . ,

N = 22 to -

1I ll 11- l ll I to -

TRP = 8 N

• 26 I I 1 I I 3 I I 1 a - = >

g w-o 20 - wa s y w=s g u is to -

d y an - s cc . =

d

• nu a s to - n - te u l-TR P = 3 I to - 9 = ts

. to - ny . 2 3

W = 23 lill I ll ll Ill ll  ! l l to -

my - i I t! ll t#1llllt l l ti Ittil tit i N FJ s'o' iso iio iin tso iso iio 2io oso iso ido sio ado 54o ido sio iso

! SHECLASS, m g FIGURE 4.40 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRMPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979 LARGE TRAWLS SPECIES = SOUTHERN FLOUNDER

FILtHE 4.41 RVERBGE CRTC11 PER ONTT EFFORT (CPUE) 8Y STATION FOR SMILL TilflWLS FOR NEKTON S(UDY JON 1979 - AUG 1919 SPECIES-SOUlilERN FlodNDER OGE-f00NG OF YEftR n . . .

STf1 TION SY1U01.

1 O

^ 4 X 5 Y L 6 X Rt 7 O 8 X sr N

g. ~

c$

/

Y T T T T

• T T T T T 1 2 3 4 5 t. 7 8 9 to 11 12 '

TRIP s

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. Sept.

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

I I .3 a

..J I' o E

W 4 + X >- N m *- 2 I 5 O

e et n er v1

• b~ Y l

b--

x m S

w 5

m o R -2 u

$em E w Na

^ U y

Q l A J Tb m I~ hm S

5 ~i 2$ .

I o -

• ise w g >a- 4 b w cw g

I 5 m x 55l 1b5 tm 6 i s 'j EZ W .3 6 ,,. s  :

55w5 (7

' { c we @M 5E

> 8 n

= 8~: n I .

- ss se --

,; " a =

i lbN .

I ,_

f

, -.i ,

=-

7, S*1 I S'O O ff+3 floc)01007 I

g _

M M

tp L e O

Y B

t OXYX*X_ SM S v Y 2 1 t

f 0

1 1 .

M i

n 456I8 711 g

u T

N S O

I r

AM a

f 9

7 S 9 1

T 10

( s 8 G U A R

l y M

) A E u E Y J U - r9 P F C

( 7 9

9 G O M T 1 N R 0 0 N 0 f n f -

i8 n u

F E

Y J

E G

- J eM T O A I

l U

T r

U S i7 R 1 t

R E

i M E

P 0 TD l l K U l

?

I i E O c N R r L F

T6 T M a R C O R F E E 1 t

G S t Ar. M H L U T5 p R W S E A =

V R S H I F L

I C

m 3

. L I

T PS E T4 m 4 I S r 4 a R

E O R

U F

T3 MM G

I F

Y2 b

e M

F M

Yl n

a M

J m *.- "

• .o

,?'un ='d y M

M h

M

I I 30 -

mP - 12 N=1 m2 = n 2g - N=7 10 -

~

,. M P = 10

, .. . y-3 MI

• 8 10 - h

• 25 iiiliiiilli I

i, s ii ii 10 _

me -

,,iil l I, ,, ,

I 20 -

10 -

n2 - 7 N = 106

.il til I 20 -

10 -

d, 1

I, ,e i i. .

nF - 6 N = 39 I

g RF - 5 60 - N"9 g

8 so -

l $

5

+0 -

30 -

z j 20 -

ig 10 -

C ~

I 5 g gn .

I I I lil i I I me - '

N = 16 30 - my - 3 20 - N"7 10 -

30 - RF = 2 N=6 20 -

10 -

EF " 1 I 10 -

... . ,,. . . I.3.llI., ,l ' I .l. . i. 3 , I . i. . . ... ... ,. . . .I, 20 90 60 30 1001201M 160180 200 220 240 260 210 300 320 390 SIZECLASS, m FIGURE 4.44 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRMPLING TRIP

-I FOR NEKTON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979 SMRLL TRAWLS SPECIES = SUMMER FLOUNDER I

g .e

l FIGURE 4.45. AVER 8GE CarCH PER UNIT EFFORI (CPUD BY ST0 TION FOR LARGE TRSHLS FOR NEKTON STUDY JHN 1979 - AUG 1979 SPECIES 411LLET cv 3TOTION 3 fill 0L m 2 A J~ 3 +

4 X t- 5 Y l h Q 9 x N

o T T f 7 1 2 3 1 [ [ { 8 7 T 9

8 10 Y

11 Y

12 Jan- Feb- Mar- AF- June July AuS gg M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M IM M M .

M M M M M M M M M M _M. M M M .M M 'W M M FIGURE 4.46 flVERRGE CflTCH PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STflTION FOR SmLL TR6WLS FOR NEKTON STUDY JRN .979 - RUG 1979 SPECIES 4ULLET cv STflTION SYtEOL 1 O m_ 4 X

'S Y L 6 X 7 o Q 8 X

~

s.

N O

O T T i 7 T

_M_

T T T T

_M_.

T T T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TRIP Jan. Fei). Mar. Apr. June July, Aug. Sept.

I TR U = 12 w.s tan - 11 N

N-1 TRP = to u'

TRn - e E

9-e 3

TRW = 8 m v-a g

TRP

• 1 M

u-1 TRn - 6 5 9.e TRP = 5 g-o TxP - 9 y-a w

M TRa - 3 g to - g N = 83 l a

U

u. so -

iE 20 -

to -

m 5 i ,,lillill,i,,,i,,,,, , , E E 30 TR P a 2 s - 11 3 20 - 5 to -

20 TRP = 1 N = 15 to -

s 2 0 9o' ' 'o e'o 15 0 12 0 1+ ot 1$ o .i o. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200 220 2+o 25o 2so son 320 39 SIZECL9SS. Pti FIGURE 4.47: RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY SRr? LING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY, JAN-AUG 1979, SMRLL TRAWLS l SPECIES = MULLET.

I

!, 'j 6 E

~

I I 10 -

...I I li i.

MP = 12 N = 2o1 I 1, _

il !lii av - il N = 936 I 20 -

10 -

TRP a la N = 903

. 1 I . l . .I .

10 -

1, . . .

I .llll l l N = 48o 30 mF - s N = 93o tI l, I. 30 - TRP " 7 N = 313

~

g to -

l- I ll  !

1 5 mm - i 5

I- W MP = 5

<-o C

e rRu - s v.e e TRP = 3 30 - TR P = 2 N=6 )

to -

10 -

I to -

78 8 " 1 N = 19 to -

l 20 (o s'o . s'o tio 12 0 tio tio I siztet. ass, m I FIGURE 4.48 REL9TTE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SP.PPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY. JAN-AUG 1979. SP.ALL TRAWLS SPECIES - BROWN SHRIPP I

g .-,,

I 20 -

ap .12 N = 138

, i I.

MP = 11 3 20 - N = 292 g to -

, ii ...

TRP = to u-, a 20 -

TRP = 9 N = 296 g

w g , i, ii..

mP - s I

20 - N - 170 5

5 to -

I b

E I l !i.

TRP - 2 I

a w=2 m d

a:

E TRP = 6 u-o a TRP - s B

, w-e TRP - 4 m 9-"

5 TRP - a v-a TRP = 2 x

N=2 x

6'o io li: 120 140 ido 1$o TRP - 1 w9 l SIZECLASS, m FIGURE 4.49 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SRM* LING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY, JRN-fUG 1979. LARGE TRRWLS SPECIES - BROWN SH?. IMP I

4-78

x I

I _ .-

c.

E Yo

-C l /

X

I

/ .

I a / --e r

m e

S j/ '

I.. g,

/ -m I g .S ii$ S e

4 l $F!

-d sm y

- r~

a b i g

e gy@T s  :

_3 "*

5W$

I 55' Sh m

e a em ti.

Ed 4E W@

c -

Eb e-s aE

• e

-E J 9 Ew en g 8 I d a x >- w o x ,en j 3

I "

E g -emes = c se-l g~

s lj 6 S*C E

S'E E S*!

I S*0 0

l 5 fl+3/kC)OIC07 4-79

M M

t e

SpM

.i 2 1

M g

. .I 1

1 u

N O AM I

T A 9 T 7

\ -I 0 1

S Y

9 1 9, M B G 3 0 -

) 8 E

• I 9

U -

P C 9 M

( 7 9 e T 1 n R I 8

O N F

F 8 J W J

uM I

E T

Y R l D i S I U T7 N

U S W T 4

! .M R N O P E O R I R

P T B

- T K

H C

E N

S E

I T6 .M T C l

f R E C O P .

F E

G S S

Y5 pM t

A A L RW 1 E 8 V R O T E

G

.T 9 M 1 R 5 O r L a 4

E R

O T3

.M M R F U

G I

F L O

D h M

t A+XYE .T2 i F

Y S

N O

M I T1 T 23459 A

T S

n a

. M J

m ".80 n

" a ".o M

QC,$atN i M

i oh E I

m' W WmM .m M W m M. m M m. m m m m M M FIGURE 4.52.

OVER6GE CflTC11 PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STATION FOR SWILL TRHWLS FOR NEKT0ll SIUDY JM 1979 - QUG 1979 SPECIES = PINK SifRIPP m

l STflTI0ff SY?OOL

"'._ R 1 O

~ 4 X

(\

\

5 6 X Y

[, a 7 0 u

8 X

.-e--

k ,.,

E N

[

- /

O~

I I T T T I T J 1 2 3 T T 1 I 1 5 6 7 8 5

9 10 11 12 Jan. Feb. TRIP Mar. Apr.

_ June, Ju!Y Aug. Sept.

May

FIGURE 4.53 OVERAGE CarCII PER UNIf EFFORT (CPUE) BY Sf0ff0N FOR LfiRGE TR9',lLS FOR NEKTON HUD( JON 1979 - BUG 1979 SPECIES-flNK SIRIW cr>

STATION SYt00L nn 2 A 5~

+

3 4 X 5 Y

[ m_

" 9 E Q$

d * .

N /

a-M. _

o s

I, T T T T i T T 4 7 T i

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1

TRIP Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. . Sept.

Jan.

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

I

.P = m I .. 20 -

N - 112 10 -

I.' t l I

1 1 it n2 = 11 20 - N = 133 10 -

l ll l1

'= TR P = 10 u-0 I ,

TRP = 9 N=1 RP = 8 I

N=2 20 - TRP=7 N = 76 g . t 1! I y 20 - TRP = 6

$ H - 59 g 10 -

@ l l .I i W

a lo - Tx, = 5 g N=n g 10 -

{- t11 1 l i tIii t nP = s 10 - N = 91 ll  !  !.t il RP a 3 10 - N = 15 TRP = 2 10 - N = 129 I .

,ll 1ei .

TRP = 1 10 - N = 388 e , iit !l I ill, 20 (0 (0 8'O 100 15 0 140 1$0 1$0 SIZECLASS, m FIGURE 4.54. RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SP.M LING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY, JAN-AUG 1979, SMALL TRAWLS SPECIES = PINK SHRIMP

..e g

I 20 nF = 12 1

N = 13 lt.

1x, - ,1 20 N = 31 10 -

=

. ..l n2 = t o y=o n2 = 3 4=0 n2 = 8 4=0 E 50 -

WI MP

• 7

,0 - "-'

30 -

g 3 to -

M to -

W w

30 -

• ~

TR2 = 6 H=7 5

e to -

5 a

to -

y -

g TRP = 5

. . . N=3 c

d an = 4 g

e . W=1 30 - nu - a 5 N=6 3 20 -

10 -

20 -

TR F = 2 10 - N = 16 1III 10 - ne = 1 l N = 201

.i111 I-.

> s 2'O 4O 6'O s'0 100 120 190 CIZECl.RSS, t1i FIGURE 4.55. RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY S8MPLING TRIP FOR NEKTON STUDY. JRN-AUG 1979, LARGE T3P.WLS l SPECIES = PINK SHRIMP 4-84

l i 1

a m

m

.m

^ o T2 1 m .

/ T 1 1

m l t

0 I

T i

A 9 T 01 T 7 S 9 W Y B

1 G

W U .

) G .T9 E -

U -

W P C

(

9 7 e 9

T 1 T8 R

W t

• O t F

F 0

J T I

E R Y l T D i S

I U T7 W N U S T

E T

l P

I R

R l t l

[

E 0 iW P T. -

r S T6 W l T

l C H E EI C

R R E C O 5' r F S p E

W G 8

S L

T5 A ,

N-RW E O V R A T W 6 L

L1 r f a

/T4 5 t S M 4

W -

E O R

R F N T3 U

G I

F L .

O M B t OXY %OX T2 e b

F Y

S M t f

0 I

T A

1 45678 o N\T1 T

S n M J a

_. ~ -

N m" ~ n ed o M m7 gEu

[* _

E _

i ll t l

FIGURE 4.57. OVER8GE CRTCil PER UN[T EFFORT (CPUE) BY STPTIGil FOR L6RGE TR6WLS FOR NEKTON STUOf JRN 1979 - BUG 1979 SPECIES-WilITE SIRIT m

_ STATION SYtBOL (v 2 A 3 +

4 X

[ cy _ S Y 9 H h t w m..

t N -

N

~_

o I T T T T I T T T I T 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TRIP Jan. Feb. Y,1ar. Apr. June, July Aug. Sept.

IM M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M

I

, I gg .

H P = 12 N = 88 l ..: I li.e..

u p = 11 gg . N = 101 10 -

I . .. I. ,

n 2 = to I w-e HP=9 9-a up = s 9-e TRP = 7 4

3 N=1 h' E g to -

TxP = 6 w N=5 to -

c:

I b@

TRP = s w-e

a e up = 4

.l g ,

Na t a::

Jm n2 = o

_l 4-a TRP = 2 x x N=9

, x x n2=1

, 20 N = 17 to -

I 4 s'o s'o ico tio 140 150 SIZECLRSS, m I FIGURE 4.58. RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY SAMPLING TRIP FOR NEXTON STUDY, JRN-RUG 1979, SMALL TRPWLS SPECIES - WHITE SHRIM=

d

=

l i

I FIGURE 4.59 AVEfGGE CflTCll PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) BY STHTI0ft FOR SmLL TROWLS FOR HEKT0tl STUDY JRN 1979 - AUG 1979 SPECIES-BLUE CRP.BS c)

STATION SYW OL "L 1 0 N

4 X 5 Y 6 A

$$ m_

• 7 O S 8 X n], M~

9 \ N

~ ~

y

~

/

9_

O i i i i i i i i i s i

3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 1 1 RIP Feb. Mar. Apr. June, July Aug. Sept.

Jan.

M M M M RR ' M M M M M M M M M M M IM M M

M M M MM M M W .. M M M M M M M M M M M FIGURE 4.60 ' 8VERRGE CATC11 PER UNIT EFFORT. (CPUD BY STRTION FOR L6RGE TROWLS FOR NEKTON STUDY JAN 1979 - BUG 1979 SPE0IES-BLUE CROBS o>

STATION SYiUOL m_.

N 1 O .

3 +

& 4 X h m_ 5 Y 9 X N , ,

J q m' N O X y

~_.  % ,

i i i a i e i i i  : i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 TRIP Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. . Sept _

l t

5.0 Imoingement

(

5.1 Introduction 5 When organisms in the water withdrawn for cooling purposes are collected by or trapped on the traveli.sg screens located in froot of the intake pumps, they are said to be " impinged." At regular intervals throughout the day, usually every 2 to 4 hours4.62963e-5 days <br />0.00111 hours <br />6.613757e-6 weeks <br />1.522e-6 months <br />, the traveling screens r.e t 4 sted, and the organists and debris are washed off with spray no::les located behind the screens. ne water, debris, and organisms flow down a trovsh into a spiral chute and empty into a basket floating in the intake cinal, ne basket can be raised and emptied into CP&L's 13.7 m (45 ft) nekten return boat, the Ms. SLUICE, and transported back c.o the estuary away from the influence of the intake canal. For sampling purposes the floating basket was emptied into a stainla s steel busket located on the nekten returu dock.

I=pingement studies have beer. engoing since the first pump was starred in 19'4. ne first year (January 19, 1974 - January 16, 1975) all organisms impinged on the rotating screens were examined, with a few exceptions where subsampling was necessary because of the large sample size. Beginning February 1,1975, impinged organisms were sampled for a 24-hour period once a v.eek and subsampling became a I standard sampling technique. Bis report primarilf covers impingement between September 1978 and August 1979, with comparisons to previous years. More information on previous years' impingement can be found in CFS, Vol. XVII.

I In an attempt to inc.aase the survival of i= pinged organisms, a new nekton return system has been constructed. ne organisms and debris are washed off the rotating screens in the same manner as mentioned above. ney flow down the screen wash trough into a 55.2 cm (22 in) diameter pipe that empties into a 3.3 m (864 gal) circular fiber-glass tank on top of a concrete platform built in the intake canal.

Excess water flows through screening around the top of the tank while the organisms remain in the tank. ne significant feature of this I

s-l

I new syste:n is that the trough, pipe, and tank are essentially at the same level, eliminating much of the sudden drop that could have resulted in injury to the impinged organisms in the old system. A drain in the bottom of the tank can be opened, allowing organisms and debris to flow through a pipe and be emptied either into a stainless steel basket for examination or into a holding tank on the Ms. SLUICE for return to the estuar7 In an attempt to reduce impingement, a diversion device was installed g

at the mouth of the intake canal in January 1979. It consists of 5 38 pairs of 15.3 m (50 ft) pilings driven into the bottom actiss the mouth of the intake canal at its intersection with 'Jale'C Creek. A fence constructed of a series of 1.2 m (4 f c) wide panels is bolted to the pilings forming a barrier preventing most organisms from t wing into the intake canal. The mesh of the galvanized steel screening in the panels is 13 =m (0.5 in). The entire device is constructed in a V shape pointed away from the plant so that tidal flushing vill keep the screening relatively clean, in the event organisms are impinged on the structure, they should be washed off at the change of the tide. .m; inge-ment of fish here is not expected to be great, because the greatly increased cross-sectional area reduces the nontidal flow through the screening. Fish coming in contact with the screens can swim avsy.

After installation it was realized that on extremely high tides, fish E and crabs could move .tround the diversion device through the marsh and through a small tidal creek that-intersects the intake canal. To prevent this, a 1.2 m (4 f t) high " crab fence" was constructed of 6.4 m (0.25 in) plastic mesh to keep fish and crabs from sv1==ing around the diversion device. This fence extends from the diversion device to high ground along both sides of the intake canal.

5.2 L thods and Materials 5.2.1 I=pinaccent samn11ne

~

The impingement catch was exa=ined weekly by CP&L fishery biologists with the number of exn-hacions over a 24-hour period increased as I

5-2

'I g the number of organisms being impinged increased. All organisms collected during the 24 hours2.777778e-4 days <br />0.00667 hours <br />3.968254e-5 weeks <br />9.132e-6 months <br /> were subject to examination although the time between examinations changed. Occasionally, a screen malfunction or other plant problems resulted in only one count (examination), but under normal operations 2, 3, or 4 examinations were made in a 24-hour period.

I -

Subsampling was required if the catch fcr a particular examination petiod was too large to be examined in tocal. In such cases, the I '

entire catch was weighed but only a portion exacined. This technique was used in the majority of samples taken after February 1975. To refine the estimate of the catch, obviously large or one-of-a-kind items (terrapins, gar, sturgeons) were counted separately ar.d noc included in the subsample. The weight of the entire catch divided by the weight of the examined portion gave a multiplication or expansion i I factor that was used to obtain an estimate of the composition of the entire catch. Prior to September 1976, the calculation of the expansion factor and its application to the catch was done manually with a hand calculator, but since September 1976, this has been done by computer by simply entering the total and subsample weight on the impingement data sheet. The date, collection time, the number of hours fished (sample duration), and the number of intake pumps (1 to 4) operating i on each af the two units were recorded. A water sample was collected just below the surface of the intake canal with a Van Dorn water sampler at the time of the sample collection. Water temperature was I measured to the nearest degree centi 2rade, and salinity was measured to the nearest part per thousand (ppt).

An i=pingement esa=1 nation consisted of separating the organisms from the .r. rash, sorting, counting, recceding a si::e range. and weighing as a total each species. Hard-to-neasure species such as mantis shrtmp,

g sta.rfish, sanid, and crabs were not measured but only counted and E veirbM. Ali weights were recorded to the nearest gram unless the tota

. puight exceeded 3000 grams (6.6 lbs) or an individual specimen exceeded 1000 grams (2.2 lbs). In these cases the weight was measured in pounds and converted to grams. Total length to the nearest i

!I 5-3

I millimeter was recorded for fish and shrimp while carapace length was taken on terrapins, vingtip length on rays and skates, and usually an estimated length on live eels.

Starting in spring 1976, up to 100 specimens of 13 selected specias (Table 5.1) were individually measured from each 24-hour study period for length frequency estimations. These species were chosen bece.use of their dominance in the estuary and/or because they were cornercially or recreationally 1=portant (st , Section 5.1.2 of the IR). Whenever several obvious size groups of one species were present in the catch, they were treated separately and up to 100 specimens of each size .

group were measured. In this manner selection bias was largely avoided.

Data sheets were coded in the field and submitted directly for keypunching.

• To obtain monthly estimates of i=pingement, the total nu=ber of hours in a given montn was divided by the number of hours sa= pled during that month. This expansion factor was then multiplied by the number and weight of all the organisms collected during that month. In this mannar a month's catch was treated as a whole. The 12 monthly totals were then combined to obtain the annual estimate. For analysis, data -

were grouped into 12-month periods extending from September to August with the exception of Year I which was from January 1974 - August 1974; Year II was from September 1974 - August 1975; Year III from September 1975 - August 1976; Year IV from September 1976 - August 1977; Year V from September 1977 - August 1978; and Year VI from Septe=ber 1978 -

August 1979. This report deals with Years III-VI. Years I and II data can be found in CFS Volu=e XVII.

Since a varying number of sa=ples was collected at different times during the day, it was decided to use only the morning sample -

(0600-1000) as an indication of the water salinity and temperature for that particular day or week.

I E

5-4

l l

W 5.2.2 Diversion Device Sampling A weekly sa=pling program van started January 17, 1979, and continued through September 11, 1979, to determine the effectiveness of the diversion device. The sampling censisted of towing a 6.4 m (21 ft) wide semiballon otter trawl for 15 miautes at three stations tu the I intake canal. Station 4 was just outside tae diversion device at the mouth of Walden Creek. The two other stations (5 and 6) were in the intake canal. Station 6 was just inside the diversion device and I Station 5 was near the plant. These stations were sampled more _

intensively every three weeks as part of the nekton program (see Section 4). Surface and bottom temperature and salinity measurements were ta'en at each station before each trawl. The samples were analyzed in the field or placed in plastic bags and returned to the laboratory for analysis. All organisms were sorted to species, veighed, and I counted.

except those species listed in Table 5.1.

Minimum and maximum lengths were measured for all species Up to 25 of each of these species were measured for total length (TL).

5.3 Impinremen I 5.3.1 Results A total of 106 examinations conducted over 47 weeks was sa:raled from September 1978 to August 1979. Failure to sample during 5 veeks was I. due to wash down pump nalfuncefon, a damaged pipa in the nekten returm system, and in one case divers working cn part of this system.

Water ta=peratures ranged from a low of 6.0 C (42.8 F) in January to a high of 29.0 C (64.2*F) in Auguss. Salinities ranged from 31.0 ppt in November to :ero ppt in January and again in March, showing the higher frechwater flows early in the year.

I. -

i This year (VI) approximately 9,379,000 organisms weightng 50,277 kg  !

(110,742 lbs) were impinged at 3SF2, representing 146 taxonomic groups g 1 5-5 l- , ., .

I 3

(Table 5.2).

Finfish accounted for 75% of the cotal number, shellfish 2i.%, and miscellaneous e as 1%. A list of the estimated number and weight of all the specie. impinged can be found in Table 3.3.

In order to make analysis easier, the 146 taxa were grouped into the following 12 categories:

Grong y,fa Bay Anchovy Bay Anchovy (Anchoa m_d tehilli)

Blue Crab Crabs (Ca211nectes ypidus, C similis, and C_. ornatus)

Croaker Atlantic Croaxer (Microoctenias undulatus)

Flounder Su=mer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus)

S- thern Flounder (P,. lethostigma)

Gulf Flounder (P. albirutta)

Menhaden Atlantic Menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus)

Miscellaneous Species All organic.us not included in another species group (jellyfish, frogs, I

W curtles, squid, etc.)

Mullet Striped Mullet (Mug11 cephalus) 5 g

White Mullet (K. curers.)

Other Einfish All finfish not included in another group other Shellfish Crustaceans such as Grass Shri=p, g

Mantis Shrimp, and Crabs other than W Blue Crabs

. . Shrimp Brown Shri=p (Penoaus a:tecus)

Pink Shrimp (P_. duorarum)

White Shrimp (P. setiferus)

Spot Spot (hiostomus xanthurus)

Trout Weakfish (Cvnoscion recalis)

Spotted Sestrout (C, nebulesus) s_

m a h = h_

- " Im _ -_ .b p u

_t I

I The total number and weight of each of these species groups are presented by month in Table 5.4.

5.3.1 Discussion 5.3.2.1 Finfish I Bay Anchovy Since BSEP began circulating water pump operatien in 1974, the bay anchovy has been one of the more dominant organisms impinged. Gunther and Hall (1963) stated that the bay anchovy accounted for more biomass than any other fish of the south Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. For the years 1976-1979-(III-VI), it accounted for 33.2%, 16.5%, 15.2%, and 24.6%, respectively, of the total number impinged each year (Table 5.5).

Although they were the highest percentage of organisms impinged this I year, the number impinged was less than in the previous two years when the bay anchovy ranked second in the number impinged during both years.

Say anchovies are impius;ed in the highest numbers during the winter months, November-February (Table 5.6), with an average of 76% being impinged .. ring this time period over the last four years. Length frequency showed that the majority of bay anchovies impinged were I

adults (Figs. 5.la-d). They are not impinged in large numbers during their spawning season, indicating that even though they tre estuar ine or nearshore ocean spawners, they must spawn in areas away from the ,

immediate vicinity of the plant. This and their tremendous numbers indicate the plant should not impact their population through impingement.

Spot Spot are among the dominant organisms impinged at BSE? due to their large numbers in the estuary (eee Section 4 and CFS, Vol. XV). 'In

=

the Years III-VI, they accounted for 3.9%, 5.2%, 3.4%, r.nd 13.8%,

respectively, (Table 5.5) of the total impingement. Even though spot 5-7 f

E

I accounted for a large number of individuals impinged at BSEF this year (second in abundance), their total weight of 2983 kg (6,587 lbs) declined by 65% (8493 kg - 18724 lbs) from Year IV and 41% (7340 kg -

16183 lbs) from Year V. The heaviest i=pingement of spot in Year VI in relation to tcital plant flow occurred in March (Table 5. 7) . length-frequency figures (Figs. 5.2a-d) show that in March 1979 the majority of fish impinged were from 20-40 =m (0.8-1.6 in) TL, whereas in previous years the lengths ranged frot. about 75-130 n:m (2.9-5.1 in) TL indicating that the young-of-the-year entered the system sooner. This g

was also the case for April and May where lengths were from 20 to 70 mm *

(0.8-2.8 in) TL smaller. A tidal creek that intersects the intake canal was nct blocked off and could have allowed spot of the 20-40 =m TL g

W range to circumvent the diversion device and enter the intake canal where they would have been unable to escape from the intake canal.

Croaker, Croaker were impinged more heavily in Year VI (Table 5.3) than in earlier years. Nunbers impinged in Year VI were over 1,000,000.

The .

weight of these organisms, however, was on]y slightly larger--1368.1 kg (3013.4 lbs) compared to 1313.8 kg (2893.3 lbs.)-last year and much g

5 lower than in Years III and IV-1979.1 kg (4359.3 lbs.) and 4185.7 kg ,

(9219.6 lbs), respectively--reflecting their smaller size. The length-frequency gr sphs (Figs. 5.3a-d) showed that frou March through May the l~

crodher i= pinged were smaller (20-50 c:m) than in previous years.

They ranged from 20 == (O.80 in) TL to 100 == (3.9 in) TL in Year VI.

This was during the. time the diversion device was in the canal and it appears that the diversion device excluded larger croaker while the postlarvae were able to move through and juveniles move around (through the tidal creek) the diversion device into the intake canal.

The length frequency figures also showed a large nu=ber of juvenile croaker from 45 to 210 mm TL were impinged during May and June of 1979 (after failure of the diversion device). This cor' responds with the peak of abundance in the estuar/ (see Section 4). ~his is typically when the majority of croaker are impinged (Table 5.3), but this year '

as rsny as 75 percent more were i= pinged than in previous years.

5-8

E I Menhaden Impingement rates for menhaden were much lower tb' year than in Years IV and V. This is at least paritally due to the milder vinter of 1979.

Menhaden are susceptible to impingement during periods of lov tempera-tures and are therefore impinged in higher numbers during the colder

.nonths. In Years IV and V, menhaden vere impingeJ in the highest numbers from December to March (Table 5.9) when temperatures ranged f rom 16.0'c to 4*C (61.0*F - 39. 0 F) . The average temperature from December through March in Yuars IV, V, and VI was 9.0 C (48.0*F),

8.0 C (46.0 F), and 9.0'C (49.0 F) . respectively. Actual numbers impinged in Year VI decreasec 94: compared to Year V and 91: compared to Year IV. '4 eights also decreased by 79% and 71% compared to Years V and IV, raspectively.

The most significant reduction in numbers occurred from December I thrvugh April. This was the time period the diverdion device vaw affective. 1.anbth frequency results (Figs. !.44-d) showed that mennaden impinged during February, March, and April 1979 vere slightly larger (10-20 na 1crgcr) than tu 1978 (Fig. 5.4c) and nekton studies showed that this was trua throughout the estuary.

Trout The number of trout impinged in Year VI was the lowest of the past I- tour years. Very few trout were impinged in October and November, 515 and 128. respectively (Table 5.4). Tne number impinged increased to 1,550 in December and 1,352 in January. It previous years very few trout vest impinged from February to May with the exception of Year " when around 26,700 trout were impinged in May. The majority of trout was impinged from June to August (Table 5.10) with an average of 75% of them caught during this time period over the past four years.

I. Nekten studies this year showed that the peak of abundance for trout occurred in mid-July. Aa indicated 5y the length-f requency graphs, these trout were mostly juveniles ranging from 30 mm to 65 mm (Figs.

I 5-,

I 5.5a-d and 5.6a-4), corresponding to length-f requency results f ound in the estuary (see Section 4). The adults that were impinged were not g

caught during the spawning season. E

{lounder, Flounder are not impinged in high numbers at BSEP. Only 31,443 were impinged in Year VI, which was the highest number of the past four years. Their weight was 58% lower than the previous year, indicating snaller flounder were impinged this year. Approximately 80% of the flounder were impinged from April to July, which is consistent with g

trends cbserved in the past four years (Table 5.11) and in the estuary 3 this year. Length frequency showed that the majority of the flounder impinged during this time were less than 200 tu (7.9 it) TL and all of them were less than 400 mm (15. 7 in) TL (Figs. 5.7a-d and 5.8a-d) . No adults (over 400 mm TL) were impinged during this time period. Length frequency showed that flounder are impinged over a vide size range (40-400 t.n TL) throughout the year, with no clear pattern observed. g Flounder ars hardy fish. more able to withstand impingement than many 5 other spceles. With the new nekten return system and use of the diversion device, there should be no impact ot. the flounder population due tv impingement.

5 Mullet

. Mullet are not impinged in large numbers at BSEP. In Year VI the number of .sullet impinged was down from the two previous years (Table 5.4) with only 28,693 impinged. About 7B% of the mullet were impinged from December to April (Table 5.12). Length f requency graphs (Figs.

5.9a-d and 5.10a-d) showed that all of the mullet impinged during this time were less than 200 mm (7.9 in) TL. These would be juveniles because mullet do not reach sexual maturity until after they reach 200 mm SL (Anderson 1958). Although the diversion device was in effect from January through April, some of the smaller juveniles could have passed through or around the diversion device or were already in the canal before the di.ersion device was completed.

5-10 i

I I Other Tinfish This group is composed of 15$ species impinged but not previously discussed, yev of these are of great econemic value, but all play a part in the ecosystem of the estuary. Some are present at only certain times of the year, such as hake which are present only during the vinter months. Others are " strays" brough north by the Gulf Stream and not normally iound in the Cape year estuary, and still others are freshvater species that are present during pariods of I high freshvater flow. A list of these species can be found in Table 5.3.

I 5.3.;.2 Shellfish I Shrt:7 The ember and weight of shr1=p t= pinged this year iscreased over the past two years. The milder vinter this year helped to increase the local shrt=p populattens after the two previous abnor ally cold vinters. The drastic rcduction of the white shrt=p population brought on by the severe vinters o-f Years IV and 7 was ' ery evident in the impingement catches for those years with white shrimp representing ever 60% of the total weight of shrimp impinged in Year I7. dropping to only 5*-6* in Yearr 7 and 7!. Numbers of white shrimp i= pinged also decreased in Years 7 and VI from a high of 621.196 in Year III to a lov of 23.144 in Year 7 (Table 5.3) . Cotaciding with the reduction of white shrimp, the nu=ber of pink shrt=p increased in I nu=bers f rom 52,2 5 and 31,312 in Years II; and 17, respectively, to 254,094 and 230.927 in Years 7 and VI, respectively. Weights of pt.nk shrt=p i= pinged also increased to over 30% of the total shrtsp eact.h from Years ::I and !7 to Years V and ?!.

Brown shrimp also showed increases in numbers and veichts. Numbers increased from a lov of 253,987 in Year !7 to a hi.th (for the four-year period) of 569,043 in Year V!. an increase of .5*. *'eignts

. inc reased 5- 11 I

by $1% from Year IV (1447.1 kg - 3190.3 lbs) to Year VI (2857.1 kg -

6298.8 lbs). Impingement of shrimp was typically higher during the g

summer months than in the vinter (Table 5.13). 35 Brown shrimp first appear in impingement catches in May, followed by white and pink shrimp occurring in June and July. Lengths appeared to be consistent throughout this four-year period with shrimp first occurring in the catches at about 50 tra (Tigs. 5.11a-d 3.12a-d and 5.13a-d). At the peak, shrimp average over 110 mm with white and brown shrimp being the larger of the species. Co=nercial landings for North Carolina were down 16* in Year IV and down 47% in Year V g

(hMTS). Cocnercial catches are up at least for the first six months y of 1979. Shrimp exhibit high survival ability af ter being impinged and with the new nekten return system, survival should be increased (CTS, Vol. IVII).

The decline in shrimp abundance that occurred in the Cape Tear River ali. occurred along the east coast from North Carolina to Florida; it was oot a result of plot operations. Extremely cold weather and high f reshwater flows in the spring are the apparent causes nr the shrimp population fluctuations.

Plue Crab 31ue crabs are one of the most abundant organisms impinged at BSEP.

They have accounted for A.0%, 1.9%, 4.5*, and 7.1% of the total numbers and for 23.8%, 5.1", 9.4*, and 25.4* of the total weight impinged in g the Years III-VI, respectively. Most crabs (65.5%) in Year III were N impinged f rom September to February. However, in Years IV, V, and VI, the majority (87.0%, 75.0%, and 53.0%, respectively) were i= pinged from March to August (T sble 5.14) . This was probably due to the severely cold vinters of Years IV and V. Blue crabs bury in the botton during cold weather and remain there longer during the co1 der vinters. Blue crabs are very hardy and survive impingement well. Survival studies show that S0*-85: of the crabs impinged can be returned to the estuary 5-12 I

I

I E alive (CyS Vol. XV11). With the diversion device in place and the new nekton return system in operation, virtually all impingement losses I to the blue crab population can be eliminated.

Other Shellfish Hardback shrimp, graso shrittp, mantis shrittp, calico crabs, and other swimming crabs of the genus portunus comprise this group. None of these is impinged in large numbers. Hardback shrimp (T'.achypeneus constrictus) are not commercially important in North Carolina. They are not present in impingement catches in high numbers during the I winter but are common during the spring and summer. Crass shrimp (pa_laettonetes, spp.) and mantis shrimp (Squilla empusa) appear to be impinged in higher than usual numbers during periods following storms or higher freshwater flow. Calico crabs and portunid crabs are present in high numbers in the ocean and only move inside the estuary during I. periods of high salinity. They are susceptible to impingement during this time but are only impinged infrequently.

5.3.2.3 Miscellaneous Species I This group is composed of all other species or organisms imoinged but I not previously discussed. Brief squid (Lolliguncula brevis) is the dominant species in this group. They appear to be impinged primarily during periods of high salinity in the estuary. Terrapins (Malaclemys I terrapin) are also in this group but are not impinged in high numbers.

They exhibit close to 100% survival and nearly all are returned to the estuary. Other spectis in this group are jellyfish, frogs, and tuttica.

5.4 Diversion Device 5.4.1 Results A total of 180 trawls (efforts) was taken at three stations it. the intake canal. These trawls collected 257,133 organisms representing 91 taxonomic groups f rom January 1979 to September 1979 (Tabic 5.15).

LI

5-13 1

'"- ---' r- - , _ _ _ , ,_,

I Spot were the most abundant organism comprising 43.2% of the total catch ef organisms in the study. Croaker were Jecond with 16.4% of the total catch. These were followed by bay anchovy (12.7*), grass shrimp (8.7%), brown shrimp (6.6*.), blue crabs (2.9%), Atlantic menhaden (2.5%), and weakfish (1.7*) . All other organisms combined, representing 93 more species, accounted for 5.3% of the total.

Catch per unit effort (CPUE) for each of the species groups is presented by station in Table 5.16.

5.4.2 Discussion The diversion dev.te u.s wuu s ted to be in effective operation from mid-Januar/ througo W-riav 179. After this time it remained in place, but due ';o severe undet washing on the Walden Creel, side and the loss of severr.1 parels thar .,rske away from the pilings, it was considered ineffective. Since its presence may have influenced the impingement catch, saapling was continued through September 11, 1979. Spot, croaker, and menhaden are discussed in detail because of their importance in the estuary and abundance in impingement.

_SJo t CPUE for young-of-the-year spot was highest at Statien 6 at 771.7, E follovod by Station 5 at 701.2, and Station 4 at 267.7 (Table 5.16 and E Fig. 5.14). Analysis of the data showed that significantly (.001 < p) _

more young-of-the-year spot were caught inside the diversion device at Stations 5 and 6 than outside at Station 4 The majority (79%) of young spot were caught in April and May with lengt's ranging from 20 to 80 t:m TL and over 50* vere from 30 to 45 =m TL. Spot with a length of 40 mm TL or less could move through the screening of the

. diversion device. Many, if not all, of these spot of the 20-80 mm TL size range could have moved around the diversion device at high tide and through the tidal creek that intersects the 1'ntake canal. A crab fence constructed in May and June eliminated this means of entering I

l 5-14

I the canal. Exclusion of predators and the ir. ability of these soot to exit from the intake canal with an ebbing tide could partly explain the larger nut.ber of spot in the intake canal.

The exclusion of larger spot from the intake canal can be seen in the data. Analysis of mean lengths showed that larger young-of-the-year spot were caught at Stations 4 and 6 than at Station 5 (Fig. 5.15) .

I Very few spot (less chan 0.5% of total catch) over 150 mm were caught which was true for the entire estuary. Most young-of-the-year spot vore caught in March, April, and May. These fish ranged in si:s from 20 to 80 c=t (Fig. 5.16). Yearling (and a few adult) spot ranged from 80 to 290 m TL with most from about 90-150 m:n TL. Most spot caught in January were year 11ngs. These spot represented 99.8% of the catch of -

spot in January, 33.6% in February, 9.5% in March, and 1.8% in April.

After May, they represented less than 1% of the total spot catch for June, July, August, and September.

Croaker I Young-of-the-year croaker ranged from 15 to 135 =m TL throughout the study period (Fig. 5.17). About 79 of the croaker caught from January to September were between 30 and 55 mm and 98.7% were less than 120 mm I TL. This si:e range is very similar to the sizes impinged during this time. Analysis of mean lengths (Fig. 5.18) shewed larger croaker were caught at Station I. than at Stations 5 and 6. While the diversion device was in effect. After the device failed, larger croaker were more prevalent at Stations 6 and 5, indicating movement towards the plant after the diversion device was ineffective. From March to May of this year. the croaker impinged were smaller (about 60-100 m TL smaller) than 1978 and less than 2 were over 120 cm. This is partly due to the earlier recruitment of young croaker this year.

i Analysis of the data showed that significantly more (.001 1 p) young-of-the-year croaker were caught after the diversion device was ineffective which was during the time of peak abundance in the estuary.

Most (58%) were caught in May and June. This is also true for larger croaker with slightly more caught in June than in May.

5- 15

I Menhaden 1:

Menhaden caught in the travis during the time the diversion device ,

was in ef fect were primarily year 11ngs90-100 =m TL (Fig. 5.00) .

Significantly (.001 < p) more were caught in February than in January, Msrch, and April (abundance was highest for this size group from January to April). Juvenile and adult eenhaden catches were highest at Station 4 g and were only slightly lower at Station 5. Catches at Station 6 were 4 significantly lower than Stations 4 and 5 (Fig. 5.19). Ninety percent of the monia<an caught during the study were caught from January to April, and it appears as though the menhaden were able tn move around the diversion device during high tide. Nekten studies showed that this group of minhaden moved out of the estuary in May, which is when they be.gan disappearing from the trawl samples. This year class disappeared f rom impingement catch in June (Fig. 5.4d) . Menhaden catches in the travis after April were very small and consisted of a wide range of g

sizes (Fig. 5.20). 5 5.5 Conclusions Total weight of organisms impinged this year (VI) was down from the two previous years (IV and V). This year's weight was 45% lower than Year IV and 62% lower than Year V. Even though Year VI's total E weight was higher thsn Y6ar III (by 28%), this was expected because 5 only one unit was in operation during Year III, thus less cooling water was needed.. The number of organisms impinged was also less this year than in Years IV and V, 35% and 54% less, respectively. Numbers impinged in Year VI were 47% higher than Year III for the same reason explained above. Weights for menhaden, miscellaneous species, mullet, other finfish, spot, and trout were less in Year VI than in Years IV and V. Say anchovy and flounder were impinged less this year than last year and croaker were impinged in less weight this year than in Year IV.

Weights for blue crabs and other shellfish were h'igher this year than s in the Years III. IV, and V. The weight of shti=p increased over

,5 Years IV and V, but did not reach the weight impinged in Year III 3 (see Table 5.3 for weights impinged Years III-VI).

I 5-16 g

I The diversion device was in ef fect f rom mid-January to around the middle of May 1979. Total weight of impinged organisms fsr this time period this year was S2% less than in Year V and 69: less than in Year IV. This indicates that the diversion device may have decreased impinge =ent by excluding larger fish. Even though this vinter was milder than the previous two vinters, the marked decrease in the impingement weight must be attributed, at least in part, to I the diversion device. The offactiveness of the diversion device appeats especitlly evident for species normally impinged in higher numbers during the vinter months.

I From January to May in Year IV, 5334.1 kg (11759.7 lbs) of spot were impinged. In Year V, this increased to 6292.5 kg (13872.6 lbs).

This year (VI), with the diversion device in place, imping'ement of spot fell to only 1962.7 kg (4327.0 lbs). This was a decrease of 65% from Year IV and 69% from Year V. The nu=ber of spot impinged I in Year VI with the diversion device in place increased 729% over Year III,129% over Year IV, and 122% over Year V. However, length frequency (Fig. 5.2d) shows that the spot impinged this year (VI) were smaller than in Years III, IV, and V. These small spot appeared in i=pingement catches earlier this year than in previous years.

Diversion device studies showed that while the diversion was in effect, spot of significantly greater mean length (Fig. 5.15) were caught I' outside and just inside the diversion device at Stations 4 and 6 than at the plant (Station 5). Also, spot at Ststion 4 were slightly larger (2-5 =m) than at Station 6 and 5-10 mm larger than Station 5 (Fig. 5.16) .

This tends to support the theory that the diversion device does exc.lude larger fish.

I The weights of croaker also decreased for the time the diversion device was in effect. *'

. eights for Year VI decreased 441% from Year III, 777%

from Year IV, and 0.1% from Year V. Numbers impinged in Year VI from January to May increased 439% over Year III, 273 Cover Year IV, and I

• This total does not include fish impinged in Februarv of 1977 because no data vere collected that month.

,-1,

287% over Year V. However, as with spot, impingement length-frequency data showed that these croaker (Year VI) were smaller than in previous years. Um Diversion device length-frequency for croaker also showed that while the diversion device was effective (January to mid-May), mean lengths for croaker were largnr at Station 4 than at Stations 6 and 5 (Fig. 5.18).

These fic,h were from 510 mm larger. After failure of the diversion devic *, catches of croaker increased inside the diversion device and

.r. van lengths of the croaker also increased. These trends can also be seen in the impingement catches with smaller individuals being impinged in Year VI than in previous years during the time period the diversion device was in effect. After failure of the diversion device, numbers impinged increased along with slight increases in lengths. Weight. of impinged croaker were much lover in Year VI than in Years III and IV, also indicating smaller croaker were being iLpinged.

The decrease in impingement during January to May is especially g evident with menhaden. The total weight impinged during this time 3 period in Years IV and V was 46515.1 kg (102547.2 lbs)* and 61065.7 kg (134625.4 lbs), respectively, while the total for this period in Year VI was only 4237.5 kg (9341.9 lbs). These were decreases of 91% and 93%,

respectively. Numbers of menhaden impinged per million cubic meters of 5 water entrained (Table 5.9) also decreased this year, with the most E significant reduction occurring from December to April. This decreese occurred despite the fact that menhaden impinged this year (VI) were larger than in previous years. Nekton studies showed that this was the case throughout .he lover estuary. This and the reductions seen in impingement can be partly attributed to the milder vinter. Diversion device studies showed that more menhaden were caught at Stations 4 and 5 than at Station 6. Menhaden were able to move around the diversion device and it appears that once they were inside they moved directly to g

the plant. Mean lengths were not significantly different at the three 5 different stations.

I 5-18

, I Bay anchovies are impinged in the highest numbers from November to February over a vide range of lengths (20-100 =m) T1.. The diversion device would have a lesser effect on them because of their smaller size. The majority of bay anchovies could pass through the mesh of the diversion device screening. Even so, it is thought that the diversion device would divert some by the mere fact of its presence at the mouth of the intake canal.

I Diversion device data for other species not previously discussed, but caught in the trawl samples, are lacking. Because of the low numbers caught (except for grass shri=p which showed very high catches in February) analysis would not be valid. Grass shrimp, however, because of their small size would probably not be deviated by the diversion device.

If the problems associated with leaving the diversion device in year-I round (biofouling and undervashing of the screens) can be solved and move =ent around the diversion device is eliminated by construction of the " crab fence " impingement should be reduced substantially.

With the diversion device in effective use, the only Jrganisms susceptible to impingement will be those that can move through the mesh in the screening. This cannot be eliminated, but impingement I catches resulting from these organisms would be substantially lower than past years. Year-round use of the diversion device and/or return to the estuary of the reduced number of impinged orgcnisms by the improved nekton' system should ensure that the plant's effect upon the estuarine system is minimal.

I I

I -

I I

, s-1,

l 5.6 References

1. Anderson, W. 1958. Larval development, growth, and spawning of the striped cullet (Mugil cephalus) along the south Atlantic

, Coast of the U. S. U. S. Fish Wild 1. Serv., Fish. Bull.

58:501-519.

2. Carolina Power & Light Company. 1979. Impingement studies at the Brunswick Steam Electric Plant, Southport, NC, 1974-1978.

f 140 pp. (Vol. XVII of BSEP Cape Fear Studies).

3. Cunther, G. and G. E. Hall. 1963. Biological investigations of the St. Lucie Estuary (Florida) in connection with Lake Okeechobee discharges through St. Lucie Canal. Gulf Res. Rep.

1(5)

189-307,

4. Schwartz, T. J. et. al. 19795 An ecological study of fishes and invertebrate macrotauna utilizing the Cape Fear River estuary, Carolina Beach inlet, and adjacent Atlantic Ocean, 1978. l University of North Carolina. 326 pp. (vol. XV of BSTP Cape Fear Studies).

i 5

E I

I.

I I

. 5.co I

, - - - - - - . , .- , . - . - . - . , - - - . -- .~ -,..n,- . , . , , . , ,

I Table 5.1 LIST OT SPECIES USED IN wC1GTH TREQUr?tCY ANALYSIS I

Anchos nitchilli - Bay anchovy 3revoortia tvrannus - Atlantic menhaden C'moscien nbulosus - Spotted seatrout L reenlis 'Jenkfish teiostas xanthurus Spot Micreverenias undulatug Atlantic croaker Mutil eechslu - Striped mullet

& cur -m '4 hit e crullet 2aralichthvn* dentatus - Su::xner flounder L lethootices - Southern flounder Penaeus arteeus - 3revn shrimp I L duerarum - Pink shrimp L sett f erus 'Jhit e shrimp I

I I

I I

I g s.x

iABLL S.2 A COMPAHISOf4 OF IMPIf4GEMEN T HATES SEPTEMBEH 19F5 - AUGUST 19F9 SEPT. 19TS-AUG. 19F6 SEPI. 19T6-AUG. 1977 SEPT. 197T-AUG. 19T8 58PT. 19TB-AUG. 19T9 NUMUEH OF OHGAtJISMS 4.970 559 14.465 201 20 290.670 9 379 226 etlGHT thGI 36 160 91,786 132 487 50 2TT fiUMHf H OF SufLLFISH 1 608 933 1 313.A31 1 9T2 2TO 2 209.nt2 wEI6HT OF SHELLFISH 14 268 9 005 16 205 13.974 NUM8FH OF FINFISH 3,329 539 13 089 438 15 166.F96 7. or. l .4 01 WEIGHT OF F Ita 15H 20 561 el.939 10s.986 30.T*1 NUMBER OF tilSC. SPEC IES 32 087 62 332 151 604 10R.019 WEIGHT OF HISC. SPECIES 1 331 861 7.798 55T lotAL t4 UMBER OF TAXA 140 125 136 146 TOTAL TAAA OF FINFISH 121 108 120 124 SPECIES WITH LESS THAN 100 SPECIHFtJS 45 29 30 36 w SPECIES WITH LESS THAt3

/, 1000 SPECIMEt45 T9 63 63 F6 N SPECIES REPHESENilNG MOHE THAN 2 PERCEtif or THE TOTAL CATCH 10 6

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e e.

e e

(t e.

N N

=

o e

e m

N O

==

e N

s e

, 9 )

e3 J 4 a s 4 * @ == 4 e N # h e e e c 7 h e e e h e

. =w ++ *

• E e d

• 4 4 E D N e A e e e

• %  % e 4 & f 9 em o 4 f *m > t  %

1 4 g Cl ** # N m O = /t N h e w 4 v N ]> N N m

( N I

l

==

_t-_

E- 1 ee e e e ee e e P e t P O me e eo ee e h.

• O 4 N W e m P ^

ww o e m

e s e e m

e e e e e e e e e e e e @ e N O P # D e # e EP == N en e e e D 4> e

• .s i me a= m e p g. == p. .e

=

k I

P e r a e

& 4 e e m 's w * .,

1. 4 3 *j E >

>ga m e o m o m m

> > e e e 9 e e h em m o e e e em e A

> p hw 4 h m m P E e o > e em E e A N ( p e en a h @ N ** h

• e e == N P e h e m E 7% > & a A e ao se N 4 4 @ e o == OF eO w i == N e # e 4 eEI m

-I y u

G c e ~-, ee ~ o = ~ . e e~ e o Ne Ne ee . e. O ee e e ee e e e e e ~ e e O. 3 m21 e o e e e e e e e e e I

U .f. < > e o h o eee e e==o e e o e e t == c e e t t a w

V ts s e. m N e N .#.

A g b p m e.

N m

== e no ME g e e f f w I

= 43 i e =2 "9 e == @ == e ek h O m e e e e o @ O P e e e == N O h & A O I

1 c 2.; i e as e e N 9 e 4 e d == N A e p h t 2 O r m == ** P e == == == @ m m e * ** == ==

b@ w A n e @ @ == **

• e == O em m C w li @ > ** V- N 4 E e n h N N O W em e= 4 I + w me s

c 4=J e

K G

be 8

e. @ l go a

4 e i m

e h

e e e o m o a N

e m o f e e e

e e

N

.e* ==

e 4

m e

4 e

e e f a e

• N e e o o o e o

.e.

c

=

c e

e & e e d

o E

4 e

se

=

=

o e e ==

9 C

e m

m o

m e

e f

o e

== w a= 0 I

v i3 8 W

4 #41 & S e @ O @ ** @ h e = 4 e m e me @ t N O h o en h e Aw< c == m P e e C em s= e *= e h e m 4 P m == y m

@ e ** == N e m == e e N O e e , ==

kg' N m h O

?

en 4 N = M se wIa e .= e.n.

I .

s e e I -

T@

f s

o

=

< e*

2 T

o

=

E g

3 e

2 v

= w e Q

_w e

D

~

a v

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w w

2

= b*

e e.

w 2 3 e

=

e s* - W f.

W e

f

1. 2 2 be y a

4 2 4 w O

men w - - o w q e = w w- e 1 e e c I

. 2 =

de zg s e 2 w =

w 1

eg a w w E est = = 2 e

3 g 4 w a g. 3

• w 12 gZ

. .nJ >>2

==

to =J v s v 2*

w5 e7

=

o g 2=

v v 2

3 w a= e

== 2 > 2.. # 2wA sA *w a ws;w w2 eae et # nn,*= e v w C s*su D4 WWC* w= 4 A J*%Iwga w* EwM e Eg. y *# C a zw@ 1 v@w= w 42 E 1w& 2 it ab

• we{=Z

.J Z em @

- tra4= 5 : w< =e e s 2 E gz2=c=# . wfr z os {2.

EW-w==si> #2:

t 1>Ew3e I

go w=2 2 5 7e2## #e =C'e'v4=tg w x w 2 D = e . A 3 # 3 4 I v e v == ==

• v s= ** v 2 *= 0 - T g *= C7@a . w wy wJ

w gkw@D*Ch=1F av = s x

Ev@@@w4 W3ID Ee=s2 e <sz a essw= e r f==r r>g w< u =2 g< 2=

=

ts.24*Wsf 2<m 4 I ECCOCv=go =rv: vc. gov C i #

1. w3.=rl -*f: =g C . g s Rf 2

-w *= E2 g2w2,.,#weevs-s-2=vs 7.,=22z2a2 ->A 2 e'.-m r co w a s 3 z.w .s., v r .a T.s n.

we wgw

= # sc-c*sA44v

-a-h: 3.1.WIc=esErEws>w w -

sww=.=v= ~ e e 1 7 e 0 h t  ? - e a w & O e @ e e t 5 -

3 s i N - E m - e N 4 X e I -

• O w

- O

@ w @- e @ 0 - - h - > > 0

- @ hci e. e e N. N. e. c. e . e. e O. c. e O. e. e e. . e e.

w a 4 e h N f D O O h e N O e e e e e a 9 m # G E @- e m h N 4 N @ -

@ O a - N @ e w 2 4 1 m

- w -1 W 8 3 w g p m g g @g g @ h g g g g 3 3 3 - - g @ N g N @

@ kw # E h - e N

• m @ P N P m e - - - h - e h h - 3

1. - o @ w m -

w I e m h N

@e h N @

s

- @ N 6 @ O 3 @~

& - DQ @ [

- .O s. . -- -

• e 4 sKw U f r - w l = -Q I @ e e v

r z - -w y

Q v. $

w zw3 v.-s8 2 ab fe

-v a

s. e_ 5 s

g2* s eD ev t~ r - r - w . = -

4 - - Ws @s & EEC G h m rs@m sr> @ s t - -r@a, n

@ww

$ a- , = = -

C2

=

@S-* 4-wa> - w = wvDws gYy g 3 V E -

r I a Ws *cs-w>w a w w

• h--wwr-gDA f$whI @wW asS 5 W - 4 --MM I @

avseswab u: e >. $& re@@~

D@4

{s @wW&

( - {- gw-$Z s {sT(-

Q - s w g W 4 g w 6,s - cae g

4@b e

CT@yn -x[w<>sw- @

uk -s -

w2Zg.e w 5y3 s 6. [ s

- / ss

w. s e s.

as @ --o--w--

.WEO@ %Z--w .

wveo-c [ro==g-

@* s s

==gsa

@ l 3-3gCJC- R @ Oh 24@ 64 -p-- L T&

• s6 wZ sufw.w*pp342s sf-- o f e s 2w

@o 4 0<-wg @ es o 3 swy#z **2ssE w@2V-E w w*wU w3v3V

-i z c3 - - - 5 w4 Esw{*As o f x -= - w- wse@c- e

• as

v. - - - - w wa 3 3 2 2 3 3 g g O - - 3 4 - -

si - - - - . < < . . ~ $ = 2 g a w z  : - w

@$ @ @ / @ V - - - - - - - - - s 3 3 3 3 3 3 I

5-10 l

Table 5,4 CAPAN0E0 MONTwLY IMPINGEMENT DATA SEPTEMBER 1975 AUGUST 1979 I SPEC!ES SEPTEMRER 1975 NUMBED

.T. (KG)

SdPTEMBEd 197e NUM6ER

.T.

IAG)

I. RAY ANCMOvY 18315 17.6 30015 33.5 BLUE CRA8 39098 1778.0 22165 1077.0 I CR0 AMER FLOUNDER

• ENHADEN 1156 23e 7031 16.5 22.1 226.5 Sie 608 3998 le.2 Se.5 262.2 MISC. SPECIES 7962 76.9 3B40 48 2 I MULLET OTHER FINFISH 44949 369 6.4 216.9 1620 67320 10.7 350.4 OTHER SHELLF15n 9886 6*.3 1*400 14.6 I SMRt4P SPOT TROUT 132776 21782 762 e*9.0 6.9 49.9 168886 2430 510e 1170.3 67.8 16.*

TOTAL 264322 3333.0 340930 3113.8 I SEPTEMBE4 1977 SEPTEMBER 1978 SPECIES NUMBER .T. InG) NUMBER wi. (KG) deY ANCHOVY 13590 15.b 10913 12.2 I' BLUE CRAo CROAKEP 22260 230 702.8 2.e 42413 270 1*20.9 e.2 FLOUNDEW 1670 107.3 *68 3e.5 I MENHADEN MISC. SPECIE 5 MULLET 2400 1620 110 153.5 14.8 4.4 7320 5365 293 527.*

60.e c.5 I OTrE4 FINFISH OTHER SHELLFISH SHalup 48620 13930 30170 270 1 21.5 167.8 50079 910d 28193 201 4 9.9 192.8 SPOT d*0 9.6 450 15.0

.... . ......I. .... ... ..... I TOTAL 136400 1474.3 156873 2 54.4 I

I-5-31

.I h

Table S 4 (cont'd.)

I CAPANDED MONTHLY IMPINGEMENT DATA SEPTEMdER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 OCTOSER 1975 OCTOBER 1976 SPECIES NUM9ER wT. (KG) NUM9ER wi. (KG)

BAY ANC'n0VY 48277 57.4 46606 55.5 BLUE CRA8 135629 3262 5 6d29 1A6.5 g CR0AKER 1106 57.9 39 0.7 g FLOUNDER 1323 99.6 eo 22.5 MENHADEN 3679 99.4 352 22.5 415C. SPECIES 145 kl.* 26278 99.9 MULLET 310 9.5 29e 16.0 OTHER FINFISM 75576 309.6 369151 1104.2 OTMER SHELLFISM 4392 *l.7 22007 22.1 E SHHTMD 16o553 1060.0 65003 526.6 E SPOT 1519 71 9 650 21.5 trout 202B4 56.5 728 3.9 TOTAL 468595 5167 2 556927 2083.9 I

I OCTodER 1977 OCT00E4 1978 SPECIES NUMBER WT. (KG) NUMBE4 *T. (KG) 5 BAY ANCMOvY *4772 48.6 27726 35.7 g BLUE CAAs 19367 505.2 34751 957.1 CROAKEW 23 0.8 246 6.0 FLOUNDER 395 37.8 690 47.8 l MENHAOEN 2085 71 6 29644 1730.6 m MISC. SPECIES 1018* *9.6 7*77 91.2 MULLET 279 5.8 794 1.t . " g OTnEW FINFISM 529e8 2e6.7 26238 227.' N OTHER SnELLFISH 26102 19.2 360e7 +0.3 SMRIMP 38334 317.0 19294 120.5 ,

SPOT 535 5.3 791 27.2 '

T40VT 1403 61 515 16.8 TOTAL 196625 1353.5 135865 3276.9 I'

I s-n E'

I TaNe 5.4 (cont 'd.)

(APANDED MONTwt1 IMP!NGEMENT DATA SEPTEMBER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 I SPECIES NOVEMBED NUMBEk

• T.

1975 (FG)

NOVEMBER NUM9ER

• T.

1976 (KG) l i

I Baf ANCHOVY BLUE CRAd 154145 18970 183 0 460.9 187590 6230 222.3 23 0 CP9AnE4 631 25.3 1560 4.4 FLsVNDER 36 2.6 l MENNADEN 976 11 3 2370 67.9 MISC. SPECIES 1755 18 1 1350 14.4 HUL .1T 21e2 31 2 270 13.3 OTHt4 FINFISH 17A16 90.8 115460 312.5 OTnEa SHELLFISH 5363 3.8 22020 117.1 I SMRlup SPOT TROUT 58838 179 1107 358.7 11 1 7.5 133060 7920 6630 SA9.9 9*.4 44.*

TOTAL 261938 1206.3 532640 15n3.6 I

I SPECIES NOVEMBER NUMBER 47 1977 (MG)

NOVEM8E4 NUM9Ln 1976 wf. (KG)

BAY ANCHOVY 249709 20663 I

• 59.5 31.0 StuE CRAB 4815* 493.6 20898 228.5 CROAKER 1160 14.9 83 3.2 FL0VNDED 156e 75.7 263 27.4 i

I MENMADEN HISC. SPECIES MULLET e5806 219*

55*

915.8 16 5 20.5 63350 6818 773 2161.0 25.0 19.1 g OTHEG FINFISH 130737 897 1 49635 314.8 .

pg OT"E4 SnELLFISM 42193 240.4 36115 46 6 SM41uP 60823 337.4 7305 66.8 SP07 5776e 800 2 '? 0 0 21 9

.I TROUT 31154 165 1 128 11 9 TOTAL 711900 4436.7 188321 2959.2

'i I

I

Table 3.4 (cont 'd.)

EXDANDEO MONTaLY !HFINGEMENT DATA SEPTEMsER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 DECEM8E4 1975 DECEMeE4 197o '

SPECIES NUMBFu .T. (KG) NUM6EW af. ING)

RAY ANCn0VY 182283 283.9 269390 39e.8 BLUE CRAB 12509 107.2 7-6 2.0 E CROAKEQ 9119 285.0 16539 344.6 5 FLOUNDER 31 6.5 419 32.3 MENHA0EN 1920 61.2 193921 23en.8 g MISC. SPEC!ES 377 1.9 202 0.9 g MULLET 2161 46 2 2170 137.2 QTMER FINFISH 148796 .43.6 235290 751.3 OTHER SHELLFISM 2315 3.2 10633 65.2 SHR!MP 71066 334.6 *3912 144.9 SPOT 2160 54.2 7e182 1380.8 TROUT 1356 15.8 10323 123.0 TOTAL 34113 1643.5 859725 5760.6 I

I DECEMBER 1977 DECEMBER 1978 SPECIES NUM9ER dT. (MG) NUMBER WT. (MG)

A BAY ANCH0vi 1430449 2329.1 1015363 1666.9 3 BLUE CPAd , 65447 423 1 136361 540.8 CPOAKER 616 55 1984 15.4 FLOUNDER 1353 83.3 141e 105.3 MENHADEN 1160520 6*56.0 15722 2261.8 MISC. SPECIES ~. 5 3 12 0 19606 81 8

• ULLET to76c 263.0 5603 53 6 g OTMER FINFISM 276Jo* 1121 6 477896 202e.9 3 OTMER SMELLFISH 256t9 54.1 224921 7=e.*

5-4!MP 37027 147.9 75121 5*7.0 SPOT 90242 1016.2 20665 368 1 TROUT 1577* 239 8 1550 20.5 ro1AL 313* n 1 12iai.e 213771, e Se.5 l B.

I 3.x a D Wt

~ . - - -_. . . _ - _ . ~. ._ _.

I Table 5.4 (cont'd.)

ExPANDE0 MONT*LY luPINGEMENT DATA SEDTEMeER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 I SAECIES JANUANY NUMBER

.T.

1976

(<G1 JANUARY NukeER af.

1977 (KO)

I BAY ANCnovY 519647 674.0 $19622 626.6 BLUE C4A3 1260 2.0 I CPOAFER FLOUNDER MENHADEN 54907 53357 1562 351.3 39.3 1641.6 5S567 1574074 1381.3 12283.7 l

3 MULLET 91d 55.7 9*15 198.1

' E. OT"E4 FINFISH 9834e 684 2 217670 440.1 OTHEQ SHELLFISn 9102 4.0 +663 2.3 SHRIMP 262A6 97.7 874 d.3 I SPOT TROUT 23572 2902 306.8 54 6 71833 1*S*9 158e.7 331 7 TOTAL 791839 3516 0 2491667 17254.'

I I JANUAAY 1978 JANUARY ,1979

a SPECIES NUMBEN dT. (KG) NUM8E4 wi. (KG) g .......

s.

Baf ANCM0vv -

e78281 874.6 473060 963 0

eLVE CAA6 509 0 110 3 76164 206.6 s CROAKER 5692* 73.8 160*8 25.5 1309 2114 65.6 I FLOUNDER *3 6

f MENHADEN 6e92152 43567.2 118176 2073.9

, HISC. SPECIEG 256 6.*

MULLET 9572 129.6 674 B.B QTnER FINFI5n 21266e 1050 3 506131 767.9

B OTmED SMELLFISH 53283 76.2 1657e3 794 1 Sr41up e879e 196.2 103762 e67.0 SP07 2e5211 3914 1 65 97 99e.*

g g1 TROUT 2991e 1013.3 1352 19.e 4

( .

5-35

Tcbic 5.4 (cont'd.)

l1 '

EAPANDED MONTHLY IMP!NGEMENT DATA SEPTE*6ER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 FERRUARY 1976 FEBAuARY 1977 -

SPELIES NUM6ER .T. (KG) NumeER .T. (sG)

Ray ANCnovy 94*14 155.2 I

BLUE CRAB D2975 276.9 m CR0AKER 48926 562.7 gl FLOUNDER 671 29.2 MENHADEN 65006 1675.1 HISC, SPECIES 25 6.9 E MULLET 602 24.3 5 OTHER FINFISM 49436 343.6 OTnE4 SnELLFISH 20880 27.5 g SHRIMP 18989 80 0 g SPOT 85899 928.5 TRUUT 1812 35 0 TOTAL 639635 4144.9 I

FEBRUARY 1978 FEGPUARY 1979 I

SPECIES NUMRER WT. (KG) NUMWER aT. (KG)

DAY ANCHovt 33766 54.3 152761 22*.1 I BLUE CRA6 168 1.5 1659 4.3 CROAKER 2184 7.4 1281 2.3 FLOUNDER 1204 45.8 217 12 0 3 MENNADEN 332836 1713.9 17759 359.5 5 MULLET 5488 212.4 619 9.9 OTHER FINFISH 123928 625.5 16578 92.2 m OTME4 SHELLFISH 112840 44.8 22855 9.9 g SFalvP 588 3.1 SPOT 7056 69.2 1253 26.2 T40VT 1092 20.1 266 6.8

?Cl a!. c20564 2793.'s 216u36 750.3 I

E 3 3e g

I Table 5.4 (cont'd.)

EAPANDED Mt'NTHLY !MPINGEMENT 0ATA 5EPTEM8ER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 y I SCCCIES MARCM NUMOER 1976 wi. (KG)

• ARCH NUMBER 1977 vi. (XG)

R .y aNCH0VY 20689* 325.8 991426 1326.3 BLUE CRAB 51189 671.5 136232 .23.3 I CROAKER FLOUNDER MENHADEN 15012 372 3805 357.9 20.2 209.3 44586 3752796 1334 1290.6 22102.5 95.e MISC. SPECIES I MULLET OTmER FINFism 32558 178 326 20.8 4.7 231.6 181 7010 324330 7*.5 93.1 3295.3 OTHER SHCLLFISH 9006 17.2 127358 96.1 I SmRIMP SPOT T R 0l' 8331 9773 163 43.8 107.1 4.3 1247 214540 940*

2505.1 5.7 300.9 TOTAL 33t607 2014.2 5510452 31271.0 I /

I MARCH 1979 MAWCm 1979 SPECIES NUMBER wT. (KG) NUMBER 47. (KG)

BAY ANCMOVY 43621* 814.0 57957 73.4 f SLUE CRA8 121832 262.4 97026 535.2 CRvAKER 366o 19.5 11122 2.S FLOUNDER 2685 184.6 383 23.0

-I MENHADEN MULLIT 1856865 2592 8572.4 194.1 12235 1*309 28*.7 0.5 OTHER FINFISM 470960 3253.8 12723 e6.8 4

g OTHER SHELLFISn 28333 11.7 98494 37.0 E SMRISP 308 1.4 SPOT 46159 440 1 535*92 le9 2 TROUT 3191 102.7 15 0.5 TOTAL 2974497 13855.3 8400(*- 119e.2 iI 1I g

m, 3

Table 5.4 (cont'd.)

I EAPANDEO *0NTHLY IMPINGEMENT OATA SEPTEMBEw 1975 - AUGUST 1979 APRIL 1976 APP!L 1477 l SPECIES NUMBEW *T. (KG) NUM8ER wT. (AG) m RAY ANCHOVY 134040 248.5 e .60 *81.0 BLUE CRAS $640 148.5 ca635 466.3 CROAKER 1935 37.0 5115e 669.8 FLOUNDER 105 2.1 149:. 153.9 MENHADEN 2600 39 2 1176906 7163.6 MISC. SPECIES 5565 950.8 1995 112 1 3 MULLET 90 01 653 0.4 3 OTHER FINFISH 8070 65.2 1525e5 1884.5 OTHER SHELLFISM 1620 13 17715 10.8 SHRIMP 2340 22 0 480 3.4 SPOT 1065 16.5 103620 1050.5 TRUUT 75 1.9 6900 21e.4 TOTAL 165945 1513.1 1834562 12212.7

.~

I E

APRIL 1978 APRIL 1979 SPECIES NUMBER a' T . (KG) NUMBEH *T. (KG) m g

BAY ANCH0vY 83230 189.8 36360 62.1 E 6LVE CRA6 103100- 1285.3 61418 609.5 E CA0AKER 3110 ;0.6 3555 7.2 rL0uNDER 3910 P'5.2 2295 31.*

MENHADEN 915050 3612 2 4320 53.6 MISC. SPECIE 5 116850 7372 7 105 12.0 MULLET 190 01 603 0.5 OTHER FINFISn 44150 1489.9 17448 121 9 OTHER SnELLFISM 3300 4.0 930d 5.8 SHRIMP 90 0.S 156 9.8 SPOT 22930 412.* 1*8B6 28.e g TR0VT 7540 339,0

'g TOTat 1353*50 15161.7 I

l I l 5-38 -.

Tabb 5.4 (cont 'd.)

EAPANDEO MONTHLY IMPINGEMENT OATA SEPTEMeER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 I SPECIES MAY NUMBER 1976

47. (KG)

Maf NUMBER WT.

1977 tkG)

I RAY ANCMOvY S141* 84 5 62275 121.5 BLUE CRad 10215 258.5 25571 854.6

CROAKER 14896 30.1 16109 P2.1 FLOUNDER 62 10 3 1023 37.8 MENHADEN 1717. 202.6 535497 6965.3 I MISC. SPECIE, MULLET OTHER FINFISH 7704 574 12555 70.9 0.2 50.7 12141 6509 96483 298.1 2.9 344.6 OTnER SMELLFISH 2217 13110 11.7 I SHw1MP SPOT 35077 8029 5.2 87.4 26 1 18657 67906 25.0 199.8 TROUT 62 01 275 7.4 TOTAL 159979 626.6 855556 6670.8 jI I MAY 1978 MAY 1979 I SPECIES NUMBER 4T. (KG)

NUNeER af.

(KG)

SAY ANCHOVY 177002 500 2 190933 473.4 BLVE CRAS 69465 2*06.6 68695 1817.5 CROAKER 95267 e31 6 54004* 711.2 I FLOUNDER MENHADEN MISC. SPECIES 4999 493692 363 150.3 3400.0 39.0 l'

10916 712

'9 72.1 1464.0 l .9 MULLET 273 01 >0 21 OTHER FINFISH 159135 2030.3 1 7 9 ". / 716.3 OTHER SHELLFISM 32992 17.1 _eGe8 20.1 SHHIMP 465 4.1 42058 117.8 I SPOT TRUUT 11$746 d6742 1456.7 931.2

• • 5832 60 7 2.3 4.7 g r,1AL 11,7101 11,17.e 17eiese eie ..

I

~I LI

I Table 5.4 (cont'd. )

EJc4NDED MONTHLY IMP!NGEMENT OATA SEPTEMeER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 suNE 1976 JUNE 1977 SPECIES NUMBER =T. (KG) NUMBER nT. (KG)

BAY ANCMOVY 182364 361.2 63176 116.7 BLJE CoAB 26652 5*d.2 38562 1408.8 CROAKEP 37674 102 6 233704 431 1 FL3UNDER 82e 46 1 *060 54.0 MENMADEN 39466 1609.7 27730e 3295.0 g MISC. SPECIES 2230 20.3 5237 82.9 m MULLE7 130 0.* 3509 5.5 QTMER FINFI5n 41148 1*8.3 64264 376.3 m OTnER SnELLFISM 8026 12.8 5063 5.5 g SHRIMP 260166 1097.6 200ee3 108S.1 SPOT 29424 96.6 199815 398.0 TWouT 12545* 200.6 87597 213.8

......L. ....__.. ........ .....__.

TOTAL 753666 4244.4 1177958 7*77.7 I

JUNE 1978 JUNE 1979 SPECIES NUMBER WT. (KG) NUH9ER wi. (KG)

E SAf ANCH0vy *8825 106.4 209s35 466.3 E BLJE CRAB -8960 Iv70.5 85407 3930.5 CROAKER e7783 150.5 432636 *74.4 3 FLOUNDEd 1**e 30.3 10001 162." E MENHADEN 33618 1142.1 11*962 9*5 1 MISC. SPECIES 1519 55.9 775 36.0 MULLET 142 0.* 1112 3.3 OTnER FINFISM 39347 280 2 63590 393.0 OTnEC SnELLFIsn 5396 3.0 23070 1*.0 SndISP 85356 365.9 397629 1952.1 3 SPOT 17106 75.4 170129 366.5 g TROUT 4301s 94.6 48285 59.6 101aL 3ee51. 4275.2 1577151 3805.7 I I

I 3O a

Tabb 5.4 (cont'd.)

EAPANDEO MONTHLY IMPINGEMENT DATA SEPTEMBER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 I SPECIES JULY NUMBER wi.

1976 (KG)

JULY NUMBEk

• T.

1977 (KG)

I SAY ANCn0VY 45031 , 67.1 16120 26.6 ALUE CRAS 10293 320.4 3255 209.6 I CROAKEE FLOUNDER 23624 2370 74247 115.9 141.7 3385.1 2108 1147 69347 11.0 189.1 2290.7 MENHADEN I MISC. SPECIES MULLET OTHER FINFI$N 58937 959 606 29.5 190.6 2.5 7192 7688 15624 61.9 23.5 133.1 OTnER SNELLFISM 9457 12.8 23653 47.9 I SHRIMP SPOT 172999 17813 699.0 94 29791 9486 4278 177.6 35.5 17.1 TROUT 83842 170 3 TOTAL 500183 5249.8 199689 3215.6 I JULY 197A JULY 1979 I SPECIES NUMBER dT.

(KG) NUMeER

.T.

(KG)

BAY ANCH0vY 76706 178.1 61469 120.0 SLUE CPAB 108760 2122 6 23*36 1267.9 CROAKER 56000 324.7 16793 52 8 736e 207.6 1780 80.1 I' FLOUNDER MENHA0EN MISC.-SPECIES 127997 9007 45el.8 96.3 25509 52833 1249.6 160.6

-3 MULLET 1746 6.2 390 1.9 OTmER FINFISH 110212 586.0 40203 18e.5 5 OTHER SnELLFISM e5e10 45.7 31506 19.0 SHRIMP 205416 1265.2 e2540 530.2 I SPOT TROUT 41771 134911 237.4

-88.2 21895

-1079 90.0 74.8 I 707,< e25ee2 1012e.e >>,733 3e35..

I I

g s_A1

Table 5.4 ' (cont'd.)

EXPANDED MONTHLY IMPINGEMENT DATA SEPTEM6ER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 AUGUST 1976 AUGUST 1977 l W

NUNSEN wi. (KG) NUMeER .T. (KG)

SPECIES _....... ...___ ...____.

E SAY ANCH0vY 11885 26.5 4955 *.5 BLUE CRA8 30107 737.6 4250 346.3 3119 34.9 744 8.1 CROAKER FLOUNDER 676 56.9 1035 82.1 27346 1029.2 1-19 76.2 MENMADEN MISC. SPECIES 5134 93.5 5914 58.3 g MULLET 1693 7.7 1250 12.7 3 OTnER FINFISM 91190 371 9 42586 197.8 17844 28 8 21415 40.1 OTHE: SmELLFISM 146.i.

SMRI9P 158100 722.9 25204 15581 94.9 1166 7.4 SP0T TROUT 20045 78.3 345 4.4 TOTAL 382722 3283.1 115281 1032.1 I

AUGUST 1979 I

AUGUST 1978 NUMbfH wT. (KG) NUMBER 4T. (KG) m SPECIES ______ ......__ g 50129 83.1 E BAY ANCH0vY 15659 16.3 5 SLUE CHAB 207623 2268.7 20743 1237.6 CROAKER 4266 41 9 9365 63.4 FLOUNDER 2825 100.9 1078 84.1 3 MENHADEN 14183 937.8 38679 25-d.8 E MISC. SPECIES 9719 90.9 14*97 104.5 MULLET 430 3.5 1577 10.5 OTMER FINFI5M 121842 791.1 6d359 28e.1 OTHEP SHELLFISM 4625e 77.1 2-975 22.2 SHRIMP 43652 237.5 372B0 241.8 SPOT 6405 56.1 12693 136.7 E TROUT 25575 99.1 33983 105.3 5 TOTAL 498435 4720.9 31355e 4966.3 I

I s.c _

I Table 5.4 (cont'd.)

EXPANDE0 MONTMLY IMPINGEMENT DATA SEPTEMeER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 s

I AUGUST TOTALS SEPTEMBER 1975 TO 1976 AUGUST TOTALS SEPTEMBER 1976 1977 TO aT. (MG)

I SPECIES NUMBEA NUM9EA

• T.

LAG)

BAY ANCM0VY 16*e709 2509.7 2406617 3-15.3 I BLUE CRAB CP0AKER FLOUNDER 397317 192105 8272 8592.2 1979 1 476.6 272*93 e20612 111B5 4695.4 4185.7 723.8 I MEmMADEN MISC. SPECIES MULLET 316411 32094 9971 9990.0 1331 0 188.9 7587980 62330 3e400 54d84.4 841.2 513.4 -

OTmE4 FINFISH 679375 2926.8 1725e21 950e.1 OTHER SHELLFISM 100040 222.6 282237 375.4 -

SHRIMP 1111523 '

5 52.9 756699 3934.0 SPUT 195801 1815.5 75454o 7339.5 $

I TROUT TOTAL 276886 4970544 674.8 36160.1 146437 144e5167 128i.4 91795.6 4

I ,

I TOTALS TOTAL 5 I SPECIES SEPTEMBER 1977 TO AUGUST NUMBER 1978 wi. (KG)

SEPTEMBER 1978 AUGUST NUMBER 1979 aT. (AG)

TO DAY ANCH0vY 3088203 5596.5 2306649 4133.2 6LuE CRAB 90e076 12551.6 666963 12755.6 I CROAKER FLOUNDER MENHADEN 291229 30722 1189920*

1313.8 1282.6 75304 1 1085429 31443 710712 136e.1 746.2 15o55.6 MISC. SPECIES 131604 109011 I

7797.7 557.0 MULLET 3207d 820 1 28e93 129.2 OTMEH FINFISM 18*1001 12e82.6 147s916 5391 2 OT"EA SnELLFISM *7557* 614.6 7185d7 1772.3 ShalMP $90617 3039.5 924256 4*51 3 I SPOT 692767 9492.7 1270095 2988.1 TROUT 291578 3503.5 129218 329.3 TOTAL 20290e53 132989 5 9379 7 50 7 1 I

I I s-3

9 Mad. -

I ARLE 5.$

THE TEN HOST ABUNDANT SPECIES Atos PLHEf NI AGE OF IHE TOTAL IMPIN(>EHErli CATCit SEPTE*tHER 1975 - AUGUST 1979 SEPT. 1976-AUG. 1977 SEPT. 1977-AUG. 19TO StPI. 19 7 tt- Ath.. 1979 SEPT. 1975-AUG. 1976 --................-- ......-- .......... -----...--....... --

56.6 OAv ANCHOVY 7+.6 33.2 ATLAf4fl0 MENHADEN 52.5 ATLANTIC HENHADEtt OAY AtlCif 0V Y 15 2 SPUI 13.M 12.5 HAY ANCHOVY 16.6 UAY ANCHOVY l WHITE SHHittP flLUE CHAOS 4.5 CHOAKEN )).6 OHowt3 StiHIMP H.6 SPoi 5.2 7.o 3.2 SPOT 3.4 A IL AN T I C Mt t4H A Dt ti HLUE CHAHS 8.0 WHITE SHNIMP 7.I 2.9 SP0fiED HAKE I.8 f1LUE CRAHS ATLANTIC HENHADEN 6.4 CHO AKE H 6.1 t

5.5 GIIIARD SHA0 2.5 Bl40W*4 SHRIMP 15 HHOWtd SHRIMP WE AKFISti 15 HLUEHACK HE H8. ! NG 4.4 SPoi 3.9 SPUTIED HAKE 1.9 AILANilC SILVEHSIDE I.4 TifACHYPfNAEUS CONSTRICIU 3.6 C90 AMER 3.9 HLUE ChABS 19 CFDAMER 2.6 2.3 OHOWN SHRIMP 1.8 WEAKFISH 14 GH ASS SH841HP u SIAH D8'OH 13 ROUGH SILvENSIDE 2.5 2.2 STAR ONUM l.7 HL AC8(CHEEK 10NGUErtSH HLiiEF: ACK teFHHING 90.6 PE HCE N T of TOTAL '44 .1 PERCEtli UF TOTAL 86.7 PERCEfei OF TOTAL 90.2 PEHCENT Of TOTAL M M M M M M M M M M M im W W M M M M BB

.I  !

1 I  !

I Table 5.6 NUMAER QF SAY ANCMOVY IMPINGED pig MILLION CUBIC METEas 0F wATEa ENTaAINED QualNG EACH MONTH SEPTEMBER 1975 - AUGUST 1479 I SEP 75-AuG 7e SEP 76-AUG 77 EEP 77-AUG 76 SEP 78-40G 79 I SEPTEMBER 290 1 331 6 119.7 88.8 0CT09E4 536.9 499 5 448.4 166 1 E NOVEMSEE 1656.8 4226.5 2734.5 15e.3 E OECEM8EW 2002.5 4242.9 12507.7 6109.2 JANUARY 0613.7 6713.2 3335.6 38ee.5 FEeduaRY 12o0.1 297.4 2016 1 I wAxCH APRIL 2848.3 227o.6 a153.9 2470.2 442.6 2645.7 524.6 059.6 4e9.6 MAY 9o9.5 1973.3 143s.9 E suNE 2127.7 493.i 36. 7 1 72.-

5 JULY 511 2 9e.7 a37.6 362.3 AUGUST 130.9 30.4 S8.1 263 1 I

I I -

I I

I I

I I

I 3- >

E I

Table 5.7 NUM4E4 0F SPOT IMPINGEO PEW *ILLION CURIC METE 45 0F aA7ER EN74AINE0 OuwlNG EACM MONTH SEATE=5Ed 1976 - AUGU57 1979 SEP 75-AuG 7e SEP 76-AuG 77 SEP 77-AUG 7e SEH 74-AUG 79 E

............. ............. ............. ............. g SEPTEHE;< 12.1 26.8 7.3 3.7 OC70eER 15.9 7.0 6.o 4.7 NovEHER 1.4 178.4 e32.e 2.3 E DECEMBE4 23 9 1231 4 749 1 126.5 5 J A.9 U A R Y 300.0 960.7 1949.0 538 4 FEeRUAWY ll*b.4 62 1 16.6 MAWCM 13*.5 1962.4 290 0 SA68 5 APHIL 16 1 ase.* 14e.5 200.5 MAY. 151 4 402.6 707.9 3353.0 JUNE 343.3 1481 6 127.A 1195.5 JULY 202.3 56.9 239 2 129 1 AVGUST 171.e 7.2 36.0 72.e I

I 5

I I

I I

I I

5-46 _

I I

Table 5. 8 NUMBER OF CAVAKE4 IMPINGEO PER MILLION CUBIC METERS OF 4ATER I ENTAAINEU Oud!NG EACH MONTN SEPTEMBE4 1975 - AUGUST 1979 I, SED 75-avg 76 SED 76-AUG 77 SEP 77-AuG 78 Sh- 7H-AUG 79 I SEPTEMBE4 3.7 2.0 22 OCTOBER 0.4 0.3 1.5 I .

NOVEMBER DECEMsER JANUARY ts-35 1 229.0 i41 0 12.7 5.*

347.0 v.6 11 9 14d.4 3' 14.2 I FEBRUAAY MA4CH AP4IL 29-32..

8 1

22 2 19.6 16.9 186.2 67.9 MAY 230.9 .9 577.7 443T.5 I JUNE JULY AUGUST 434.o 206 2 3*.4 loi~.2 12.7

• .e 506.3 310.3 24.0 3040 1 99.0 52.9 I

I -

I I

I I

I I

g 3.A7

1 Ill I

Table 5.9 NUMBED OF MENMADEN I

IMPINGED PER MILLION CV91C METEa5 0F . ATE 4 ENThalMO DudlNG E ACH MONTH SEPTEHEw 1975 - AUGUST 1970 SEPTEaPER 111.* 4=.2 21 0 59.o UCTO'ER d *0.9 38 23.2 1 76.6 NovEM95R 10.5 53.4 720.6 328.0 DECEMBER 21 1 305*.3 10167.5 966.0 JANUARY 679 1 19582 4 48064.5 971.4 FEdRtl ARY 113*.5 2931 3 234.6 E MANC.9 e2 4 34326.9 11276.* 202.6 3 APWIL 40 5 9840.3 5767.2 56.2 MAY 323.9 3805.5 2993.7 10e5.6 JUNE 460.5 216*.5 251 1 60e.0 JULY d42.9 416 2 729.9 150.4 AUGUST 301.2 S.7 79.8 216.-

I I

5 I

I I

I E

I 5-48 a

E I

I Table 5.10 NUa8(4 0F TROUT l -

twP!6*GEO PEW -* I L L 10t4 CUBIC METEF.5 0F .ATER ENT4 Alae] QuklNG EACH MONTH SEPTEMEk 1975 - AUGUST 1979 sed 75-AuG 7e SEP 76-4UG 77 SEP 77-AUG 78 SdP '9-AUG 79 R ...,......... ............. ............. .............

SEPTEv8E4 3*5.0 56.- 11 0 16 0 OCT08E4 2?S.e 7.6 15.e 31 NOVE*9E4 11 9 149 3 361 2 1.0 i DECEHeER l .9 162.6 137.9 v.3 JANUARY 36.9 184.7 208.6 11 1 FEeRUARY d*.2 4.6 3.5 hAkCH 22 66 0 19.4 02 APHIL 1.3 57.7 47.5 0.0 MAY 12 2.0 162.2 0.5 suNE 1463.7 663.7 321.3 339.3 I JULY 931.A 25.7 548.2 2*2 1 AUGUST 220.9 d.1 143 9 191 4 I

I I

I I

I 5-49

I I

Table 5. llNU M 4 E 4 0F FLUUNDEd I

luelNGED PE4 MILL 10N CUSIC METEJ5 0F aATEa ENTJAINEO QUAING EACM NONTH SEPTE*AEm 1975 - AUGUST 1979 5EPTEH9ER 3.7 6.7 1*.e 6.0 I

OCTOBER 14.7 0.9 6.* 29 NovE%ER 0.6 0.0 17.1 2.9 DECEM6EA 03 6.6 ll.o B.5 JANJARY 19.9 0.0 91 17.6 FEBRUARY 4.0 10.6 '

2.9 l MaaCH 5.1 12 2 16.3 e.3 5 APRIL 18 12 5 26.6 30.9 May 12 7.3 30.3 e21 m JUNE 9.7 31 5 10 6 70.3 g JULY 2o.9 6.9 42 0 10.5 AUGU5T 7.* 6.3 15.9 61 I

I m

I I

I I

I I

E 5-50 --

f I

. TabisS.12 NUM9E d 0F MULLET 1% PINGED PEH edILLION CURIC METE 45 OF .ATER

{- ENT4AINED OU41NG EACn MONTH SEPTE*6E4 1775 - AUGUST 1979 m

! SEP 75.Aub 7e SEA 76. AVG 77 SEP 77-auG 76 s r. 4 78.AUG 79 k

SEPTEM9ER ,.8 17.4 10 24 i 0CTOMER 3.6 3.2 31 ..d NOVEveER 23 1 e.1 e.1 5.8 DECEM6ER 23 7 34 2 93.6 33.7 JANUARY 11.7 67.4 6e.d 7.2 fee 4UARY A.0 46.3 10.8 MawCH a.5 6*.2 15.7 237.0

I APwlL 15 5.5 12 10.6 l May 10 6 46 3 1.7 10 1 JUNE 21 27.4 11 7.e 3 JULY 6.9 46 1 10.0 2.3 AUGUST Id.e 7.7 2.* e.9 I

l B

l I

h l

>->1 I

1 Table 5.13 NU*9ER OF SMR1MP I

Iwv!NGED PE4 MILLION CudlC METEDS 0F WATER ENT4AINED QURING EACM MONT* SEPTEwSEP 14/5 - AUCUST 1979 SED *EwRER 2103.1 2086.9 263.5 229.5 I --

OCTOsta 1852.3 706.3 426.7 115.3 NOVEMBEW m33.2 4122.5 885 1 55.3 DECEMBEk 780.7 641.o 323 8 632 0 JANUAWY 33*.d 10.9 474.7 853 1 FEdROARY 233.6 00 7.8 g 4AWCm 11*.7 11.6 00 5.1 3

) APRIL J9.8 4.0 0.6 2.1 MAY 661 5 132.6 28 612 3 JUNE 3035.5 1566.6 637.5 2794.1 JULY 19e3 9 178.8 1174.2 368.o AUGUST 17*1 3 154 6 245.7 210.5 I

I E~

I E

I I

I 5-52 m '

I I

I Table 5,14 NUM6 E Q vF 6LUE C9AS IMPINGE 0 PER MILLION CUBIC METEQS OF WATER ENTaAlr4E0 DURING EACn MONTH SErTE*BER 197S - AUGt5T 1979 I SEP 75-AUG 76 SEP 76-AUG 77 SEP 77-AUG 78 5EP 78-AUG 79 l

SEPTEM9ER 614 3 245 1 196.4 3*S.2 OCTOBER 1500 1 73.2 213 6 206.2 NOVEMBER 20*.1 95.3 527.3 156 0 I- DECE*9Fa JANUAWf 137..

13.6 11 7 0.0 767 1 355 2 820 5 609.6 FEdRUARY 707.0 1.5 21.9 4

I MAACH APR IL' 704.7 1*6.9 1266 1 214 3 738.9 569.8 16ver9 827.3 51o.6 MAY 192 6 181 7 562 5 JUNE 311 0 301 0 365.7 600 1 I- JULY AUGUST lib.6 331.e 19.5 56.7 620.2 116d.6 136.1 117.1 I

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Table 5.16 Catch per unit eff ort by species and station for y l diversion device study--January 1979 - September 1979 M Station Species Age 4 5 6 3ay Anchovy 175.0 205.7 164.8 I s

Menhaden Young

• 0.1 0.5 0.1 Adult 56.5 38.3 1.1 Spotted Seatrout 0.1 1.1 0.0 Weakfish Young 20.7 38.8 12.0 Adult 0.3 0.7 0.2

. E Spot Young 267.7 701.2 771.7 E Adult 23.8 72.2 10.1 Croaker Young 211.7 279.4 207.5' Adult 0.7 2.4 0.8 Mullet 0.4 0.3 0.1 Su=mer Flounder Young 0.6 2.4 1.6 Adult 0.1 0.2 0.2 Southern Flounder Young 0.2 3.8 3.1 Adult 3.2 5.7 5.9 g White Shrimp 0.8 2.9 1.0 5 Pink Shrimp 6.6 11.8 4.1 Brown Shri=p 67.9 114.3 102.4 Blue Crabs 42.6 32.5 50.8 Total Organises 989.5 1895.0 1401.0 5

1 60 efforts per station young-of-the-year 3

juveniles and adults I

5-56

Figurs 5,1a RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME I SCIENTIFIC NAME=RNCHOR MITCHILLI PLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMSOL USED IS N YEcR-1976 PLOT OF W ~ 0 SYMSOL USED IS -

I PLOT OF W

• U SYMSOL IS VALUE OF Z2 PLOT OF W

• S SYMSOL IS VALUE OF 21 DLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z0 I PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZR I

E I rgggggy N=304

_rrrL I

mROH N=187.

I Z C APR:1.

~

m N-200.

- m-I  ::-

u er N=500.

C I  %

g JUNE 6

g N=400.

i . . _

M I~ ~ JJLY C N=37).

3 O

I' u b RA'ST --

W N*40C.

d

+

" 'm% ' '

• C SER' EMBER

= N-386.

I. OC'0 Belt N:!00 l N3YE.1 ER N-200

.I

~-

DECE ** ER l

1 l , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . 4 C 10 20 30 90 50 6; 7C BC 90100110123130140 ISG lb3170180130 20C 21C 220 i SDECIES LENG'HS IN MM 5-57

Figure,5.1b RELRTIVE rREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SDECIES LENGTHS I

USING ONE MONTH INTERVRLS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NRME-RNCHOR MITCHILLI YERR-1977 PLOI 0F Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT 0: W

• O SYMBOL USED IS -

PLOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT OF W . S SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF 21 PLOT Or W . ~ SYMBOL IS veLUE OF 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYM30L IS v;LUE OF IR N..... g I

JANUARY rggayAny N=386.

MRCH _

N=364

, qs g e, "F %_

g ss r.n N=S$$,

W

= - r1_

':: Wa400, O

C JUNE 6 N*66.

0 - a s ,., = 1 5 w N-161.

'6 w

MUWST - "-

y N-213.

SE'TEMSER

% N=9C3 OCTOBER

~ n' *~-

I No$C4

~ *~--

NOVE*f[#

I=404 I

N DE.' M fR -

' ' ' ' i e i i i i e i i , i , i , , , , , M 0 10 20 30 *C 50 60 70 80 90100110120 ;3C 1415C 16; 170 ISO 193 200 21G 22C SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM g 5-58 m

Figure 5,1c RELATIVE rREggENC< OLO75 00R SoECIES LENGTHS I USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIF:0 NAME=9NC509 MITC5ILLI OLOT 0 f a X CONNECTING LINES USED YEAR =1972 PLOT 0: 4

• V 5YM30L USED IS N I P(QT QC W . Q Syg3g( gg{g }g .

PLOT 0: W

• U $YM3OL I$ VRLUE 0 22 DLOT OF W

• S SYM30L IS VALUE OF 21

• LOT OF W . T SYM30L IS VALUE OF 20 I PLOT OF W . R SYMSOL IS v;LUE OF IA

%=300.

I ;qqgney hanCO I' - _

I rESRUARY

%=200

~ N --

I 3n:,

4r300

_ _m, _- -

I st et:t U .4 500

- - b-

'h I. mf rD%.

=

u w=315 I C y

g w!

w l

%=380 nL -

i e g gy O

__n (~

$ W-159 5

C asi -'m W -

%=252 l 3 M

[

}{D QQ reuG *'*

C N=521

- ,1.

0:,, E. -

N-294

[i

%Qii%ER h.4)0

-[R I

OE: ESES -

t 1 i I i r 4 i t i i e t

• 1 i i i

) 1) k$ I) O 'i 34 k "4 )) d) 39 I)> 4 4 k 64, .)).*C I 3 'i l5) . ii A d'$ $ 39 2)9 4' 13 62h SDECIES LENG%S IN MM 5-59

Figurd 5.1d RE IIVE #REQUENC" *LOIS #0* S ECIEE LEN07H3 USING ONE MONTH INTERVRLS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC N9ME=9NC50A MITCHILLI fE99-1979

LOT 0~ V * ( CONNECTING LINES USED DLOT 0: W V SW30L USED IS N oLOT or W . O S *SQL USED IS =

PLOT 0 W

• U SYMBOL IS V9LUE Or 22 DLOT Cr W ~ S SYMBOL !S V;LUE OF 21 FLOT 0: We T SYMBOL IS VALUE OC 20 SLOT OF W R S#M30L IS VALUE 0: 2R

~

I Wa500

-_m __

s

_O ' L FEB RUM Y W=400 N%

m*:5

• i, . 4 e e m

2 __-== M_

h WR 6 541 m -0 - -

3

~

Ne404 d__

w n .rm- -

• w.41, e

O._

~

g --

g

" w-asa 5 5 ,

.[ _

m asT

~N v.

4 F

I I~

l , , ; i # i , i > i e i i e t i e i i i o to se e 40 n o u n n ice m i.c uc iac m m ac .n m acu:c 22c E SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-60 l

Figure 5.2a RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME-LEIO 3TOMUS XANTHURUS YERR.1976 PLO1 0F V = X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W

• O SYMSOL USED IS =

ALOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT OF W = $ SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z1 I PLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZA

-I I #NUPRY L

FEBRUARY N

9RCH N=39.

C Ar*RIL Na 350 I

L?

W my b I C o

C W

N=437 fJJkl I w to N

N=406

__aDw__

g gy y N=383 O

w C::

• L RUGUST --" -

U N=136 C

C I

~ ~ - - - - ~ - -

d TE'TE1E8t C N=$)

- - - --v 9- _ _ _ _ .

CCTOBER N=78 NOVEM ER CE0E?S!R M --

8 t 1 ' iii4 e i ie i i , i 3 , . i , , , ,,,,,,,

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2222 22222 3 33 1 234 567 890 1 234 567 8 9 0 1 23a !67 89 0 1 e 0 000 00 0 000000 0 000 0 0000000 000 0 0 000 SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM I 5-61

Figurs.5.2b RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME-LEIOSTOMJS XANTHURUS YEPR-1977 PLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED E PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N E PLOT OF W - 0 SYMBOL USED IS -

PLOT OF W e U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT OF W

• S SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 21 [

m PLOT Or W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE or 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYM30L IS VALUE OF ZA

'N a 2 2 1 i

j .

l "!*% _ _ _ _ . __

pNyAfy FEBRUARY I

h=5i7

- mROH u r -

h=643 An g - O-co N=403

%d 2 -

my .-n K _

= N=421 o

C W

N c::

O wwr' W h=91, c3 W

h ay _ O __ -- g

@ h=45. g Y.3 NaususT 4-W h=24 p-e C

j sto7g., gen #tI - _. -. _

c:: N=15 0CTOBER N=299 NovEM ER N=367 I

1 OE0EM ER

-"N N ie s e i*i! ii+iie i i 4 i i i i i i i e iiie i i i 123a !6789C 1 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 222 22220 2 2 37 3 4 56766C ; 23*56739 C 1 2 0CC CC C CC C C C C CCC C CC CC CC C C CCC CCC C CC SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-62 .l

L

- Figure 5.2c 8.EL97IVE FRE00EN04 SLOTS r0R S*!CIES LENG'HS I

" USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME

$c!ENTICIC N9ME*LEIOSTOMJS XANTHURUS YE AR

• l 3 M

• LOT OF Y e X CONNECTING LINES USED DLOT Gr W = V SVMBOL USED !$ N pt0i Or W . 0 5'MBUL USED 15 -

pt0T Oc n

• U SYMBOL IS VRLVE OC 22 DLOT OF w e $ SYMBOL !$ VALVE OF 21 3 otor 3r s . T SYMBOL IS VALUE CC 20 t PLOT Or w . R SyM30( IS VALUE OF 29

=.

'N+464

,<-W ._

,tewev ~

a.45 4 i

u - ,%,

81)fmit Y

, u 30t

,r~~%_ _ ~

'*ACH g N*221 2 rh C WIL h pei ti

,, - lT*%

g 4*288 ,

N u "

e _s a

@ at W 357 l w W

~

y ALT y ==94

. M ~~

i b

= -~

6 ggt 4*I9 i

- -- _ ~. -

Oc1V8tR h*k4 f*, A ___ _ * '

vovt1tP

• 21%

I * '

pt:g gp

, , ,,,, , ,,, ,ie i . * * ' t i'* * '

n} g nn 4 i . s 4 e v + +*

• J d 3 12 3 4 3

,ooea,47$ $% 1 i ) 4 oeoissioeeseooooeioic 6 h' 4 9 O I ; 3

• II

{*3[2 8

SDECIES LENGTHS IN P i

5-63

I Figure 5.2d R *1.a. . T .* v': n..r.,s':.N m. . ei. .n T : e.n: .e p ..

. 1 r m.r. .t t _v N-T e o.c.

. . T N w- w nN:. y<,Nr. . T.Nirwa.i

. .. n.

.e -- ye. c. m. ..:

• !EN Ir:C N9ME=LE 0STO'tJ5 taNNU:;US vee =19%

• LOT 0: +

• x CONNECTING LINES USED i

p t Q. T. -a,0 n- , y .e vu..s N.. v i r t.u 0 *- . t. N 8.0 9 C P .w t O 'l . h , . . YM1 wwhl. s i.t E. h. '. w a hs 9t g (J t VM.0 . .- n w t .' (. \/$.1 si)'7 97 4 '

DisJ

^ *! s.

v 9. "4 DLOT OF W

• S SY"30L IS VALUE 0: 2 't p(n} n; , T t vMQ ht it /O'g Or ?F DL3T 3:: W+:.5NzbE$5VOE0: E5 1

1

-_ g

%*4t2 i

i -

~ +' -

J5eR Y p . 2i,

_.-c

~ ~  :=

rget;4tv 14=318 MRCh

. n-W=293

=

cpg -m ,r_- __-

E 4 - 5 'J 3 b.

~

, nfL.

N=310 u

C U e g g " I N_.

p. .

.i 4*1i2 W

L

-A- -

C.

-m JULY g

o h=i24

'E L4 F_ ,, ,

M

>=

C

. C SPTSD x

00TOSER NOVE*$ ER DECC W i

},

i

) iii , , iie t . , . . i i e i i , i i i i e i

. 1 . 4 4 . . . a . . 2 312 i iiii3 e*

,a341 gagi ;3a5i789C121 a 5t7 95Ci 2 iC00CC 0 C68 O OlOO 4

CC C C2C C a 0 00 00 00 0 SDECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-54 _

Fipre 5.3a RELATIVE #REQUENC" FLOTS '0" S'ECIES LENGI'I USING ONE MONTH INTPv8LS OVER TI"E I SCl ENTIFlC NAME.M1CROFOGCIN4AS UN DULATUS DLOT O' f

• x CONNF.eTING INES USED PLOT Or wa V SYMBOL USF.0 IS N YEA A=1976 PLOT Or n O SmS0:. USED IS =

PLOT OF W L' SYM90i IS VALUE Or 22 PLOT OF W + S SYMSCm :S VALUE OF Zi

' LOT Or W

• T SY.: SOL IS VALUE OF 20 SLOT OF W e R SYMBOL !S VALUE E7 2A I _,

I PuRuany N=320.

I  % :n _ _ _ - . -

N=01.

I E ,g hg

==161.

_e %_ - - - -

w I  : PPY 4=461.

mL s, sdk L

. 4o, cn W >

m -

' W u .o.

3 I' w bnunutt " '-

y Ne24 d

I y, f ".,

C ttriMER - - -- - -

c: ==2.

I ocTDsER I

=.11-NovDeER l -

rh *

• I ==134 "e~ ^

pr,:ngtR .--

, ,,,,, , , , , , i , , , , , , , i i .

0 ac to 60 4: act 120 tac 160160 20; L20 a*C 260 26) ?oc 320 M ho 380 800 920 "a I SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 55 l . . .. - ,_ - ,

Figure.5.3b REL8'!VE regoggy;y st373 rgg $ptt g$ ggy37,3 USING CNE MONTH INTFRMLS OVfR T!ur SCIENTIFIC f4AME-MICROPOGONI AS UN DJL ATt1S YEAH 1077 PLOT OF v . ( CONNECTING LINES USED PLDT Or w

• v SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W

• O SYMSDL USED IS = 3 SLOT OF W - U SYMSDL IS VALLE OF 22 g PLDT Or w . ; $YM3QL {$ yR(g{ QT l}

PLOT Or W * ' SYW OL .! VALUE Or 20 SLOT Or w . R SYMBDL !! VALUE C# c f

l %etti

,mwgo y #C- ,,,

F[iRUM Y .,

==441 ggg ,,e--- -

w 448 W C $$k v, ==171 W

b my Mk

=*3g7 u

C W

M C JuwE ,

6 l

N=9.

0 -

B Gm ---

- J . E I watt.

a w

p y g3 >Ja m g' ==5.

>=*

t O ' ~

d SEPTETCA

c w.1 l **23 wayteste 6  % -a- *~ -

g tmete no '

l t i t i l l  ! I I I t i 1 1 t 1 I t 0 20 40 60 401&O 110 2*016016G 200 2;d &*& 26t 26; 30* 32t )4C 360 %80 *00 420 **)

l l

SPECIES LENGTHS IN MH 5-66 l

i .

Figure 5.3c RELCIVE ro,cogtytv ptats too segtits LgN3tas USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVE; TIME I Sf!ENTIFIC N9ME-MICR08000NIAS UNDULarus

• LOT Or y *( CONNECTING LINES USEC PLOT Or W = v S(MBOL USED !$ N vE AR =;9M

• LOT OF W

• 0 S(MBOL VSED IS -

I- DLOT or W

• V SfM30L IS /ALUE Dr 22 Ft0T Or W

• S $VMBOL IS VALUE cr 71 DLOT OF W

• T SYMSOL 15 VALUE Or 20 PLOT OF W e R SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF ZR g ..,,,

I 'h lkk I Nel..

I ttpAt t Na,$

I g 4 40

• P_ _

eegg, AC - " -

m. ....,

'wd e.

9, _dh -

= .....

J C

I Li h ANT

6. N=40&

~

I m

LJ C N=63.

C I D L

q 4 g7 g N=9

.mus

_~ ~

cz ita n t9 N.4 m,t, -

I 43 nutn te nn I 9.Ia

-- - .A.

gg g4 7, ___

I t i 1 t I t t t 6 i r e l l t 1 9 1 5 1 g e h MI 0) 0$ II ISh Id0 40) ehD 457 h$7 E^ 0 40s 0 dh 3 dIQ 37) Ioy $8 j k 's ) $ 9 8 0 0 ' j ) *

• Q I SECIES LENG7HS IN MM S-67

4, 5.3d REL9TIVE r;E0;Eycv rLovs rop S*ECIrs LrNC,THS USIND ONE MONTH INTERv6LS Dern T mr SCIENTIFIC N99E=MICR000C,0NIes gNoutdis * ergq.39 3~

'LO' Dr Y .( CONNECTING LIN[! USEQ

~'

gI g I

• LOT Cr W . V SvMSDL USED IS N i PLOT Or W . 0 SvMSOL USED IS -

1. LOT Gr W . O SYMBOL IS v; Lug or 22 E

' LOT C' W

• S SvMBOL IS VALUE 0: 21 5 PLOT Or W . T SYMBOL IS VALUE Or 20

' LOT Or W . R SYMEOL IS V9LUE Or 29 I

.wa y Ac I

h*06

-~

I

=.3:7 I

we, @--

%+98.

- M.-

,c .m E **!22 W

~

w n% ..

w 37 g g

C w

er,w, A_ -

g e- ..,,,

O

!::f g

p u.y g y Walli o

u  %

- suur W

e g e

stenett a: m te

=onete I

tectmen I

i i i i i i i i i , i i i , , , , , , , , ,

o a e to u toc ia ac 4u ae una puu av ,ec m oc n:,noen;n.3 SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-68 l

I Fipre 5,4 RELAT!VE rREDUENCY ' LOTS FOR SPEC!ES LENGirS g?ING Utd MONYH INTER. VAL 3 OVER 'IME I SCI %NTIFIC N^,hi=BREV00RTIR TYRRNNUS

' LOT OF Y = x CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W V SvMBOL USED IS N YEAR =lO6 PLOT OF W = 0 SYMBOL USEC IS =

I PLOT OF =

• U SYMBOL IS v4.VE OF Z2

• LOT Or W

• S SvMBOL 15 VALUE gr 21 PLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VRLUE Or 20 I PLOT OF W e R SYMSOL IS VALUE 0~ ZA I -

I I Ftl%U94Y

• =166.

I mRcN N=100 I

@ ven * "

E NattO E

I ~

G

,,, i, i

=-see

.fh.

e I w w

g,gg N=$50

- M w. -

c5 I W Q

6 4 652 I w N

l qmg . = - -- A g N-18$

I O r==

l(9]eg{% - ~~

x  %=30.

I _ , < ,

i '

n.as

. .- - ._~ . .

I N=146 i

4 l i'

Ot:t SC#

I w

0 20 ac 60 BL 10 1231*0160185 203 ;22 240 st a ist 300 22: 3* 0 36 318 G

• t 0 42 0 ** L I SPECIES LENG'HS IN "M 5-69

Figure 5,4b ari c. '.-e -yr---

- eqr ni ry v -

ei-

-- e rno -- -erretre

---

.ryvie--e USING ONE MONTm INTERV% S OVED. TIME E SCIEN'IFIC NAME=5REVOORTIR TYRF.NNUS YEAP=1577 g PLO' 0 Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N ALOT or n . O S vMB C'. U S ED I S = E SLOT Or w . U SYM?OL IS VALUE Or 22 5 PLOT Dr W

• S SYMBOL IS VALUE 07 Z1 PLDT Or w . T Sve30; IS vn;gg or 23 l

PLOT Or W

• R SYMBOL IS VR UE 0: ZR l

l l  %=212 I

l '

g hat 02 I w=7Ci

!! ,,,.n M N-1C36

• - l k

m -

L- A

= W=751.

U O

W Q jpt O'- -

[ h=109-O E H E u my .

@ w=53 5 l N '

uur C ygg, . __N _ _ _ - _

g> I  %=61.

we be see

• m -M_ _ _

E l w.77 g n, g, .- _ - - - - - _- _-

N=553 i

Novt9t R -

N=423 et:ty t,

- m --- -

i i

i i i i t

• i i t I i i e t 6 I L ie *G tt 4010012C 30160190 200 220 240 2t Sitt JG: 32C PC 460180 *00 92G **0 SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM l S-70

Fiwns h4c RELRTIVE rREQUENC# DLOTS =0R SDECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTn INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTI:IC NAMC=BRE/00RTIA TfRANNUS VEAR=1978 I PLOT 0 V a ( CONNECTING LINES USED DLOT 0 W

• v SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT 0: W = 0 SYMBOL USED IS =

Sq DLOT 0 We U SYMBOL IS v;LUE OF 22 I DLOT OF W

• S SYMBOL IS VRLUE Oc 21 SLOT 0 W T SvMBOL IS VALUE 0: 20 DLOT 0: W

• R SYMBOL IS VRLUE 0: ZR I .

I 3.s ,y .

s-Netit,

.I '

rt W atY Natia Ifth Ch N=331

= a-I

{ 4'R.%

e N=ll7 W

u

=*m_

I' =

o w

C N=396 I gyg - .-m_

6 N=7(2 s

6 I W R

C ygg N=499

_x. -.-

6 CC I. 6 ggggg7

'g i=247

_ . . um __

O I C

[ 3(*71Et

4=446 s

g;teggg ,

Na2tl I _ , , ,

N=117 I ,,.,,,,

m I i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i e i i i i i i I 63 40 6k to k05 i19140160 alg 20;;20 ;4G 240 at: 300123140 36G Jet 40L dil H)

SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM I 5-71 l

) _ -_- - - - _- _

Figure 5.4d REL9TIVE "RE0JENE# ' LOTS FOR SSECIES LENE %S USING ONE MON % INTERv9Ls DVER ?!ME E SCIENTIFIC N9ME-9REv00RT:A T#R9NNJS vEAR-ig79 3 PLOT Gr Y . x CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF We V $YM3OL Q$ED I$ N DLOT 0: W

• O $#M50L USED IS - 5) g DLOT Or a . y 3<yggt Is yqtgg or 77 PLOT Or W e ! SvMBOL IS V8tgE or 21 (

1. LOT 0 W = T S *BOL :S v;LUE 0: 20 PLOT Or W e R SYMBOL IS v6LUE 0: 2A ll f

,.3 6 g'

..e. y 3-4 615 rtuver

-"E- .

• • 20I

.pg p J%-_ _

W=128

[d ,n _A _

e Nel62 W

~

C ,, __ _ h __ E

= =.sa. E a

e W

$JUNt 5 6 4 3L$

v>

B g gap - _.

g g N=855 a

y

= E

'- qggggt x _%-

U

= E c

st"tm t= 3 w.

c: mitt meta -

LEttite 4 . . 4 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

i o to 't u et toe 12c ist ist lec ito iat .=*t in ;ec 33 eit 34c no as 4n e;o 645 S ECIES LENCJHS IN MM 5-72

Figure 5.EW RELATIVE 'REGUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MCNTH INTERVALS OVER TIME I SCIENTIFIC NAME=CYNOSCICN NESULCSUS PLOT OF Y

• x CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N YEAR-1975 PLOT OF W

• Q SYMSCL USED IS =

I

• LOT CF W * ') SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z2 ALOT CF W e S SY"BOL IS VALUE CF Z1 PLOT OF W

• i SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20 I PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z8 I

. e.,

I I f(grypRy u*2,

==

I W CH lN*2 I s .n..

Ei N*1 I -

c Mf w

I f ite%l w

W I d M au g N*I 5

g- h ,,,

g ,p FA - - -

y Na ta I

W m .e seu ***

Z N*1 I =,.

N*If I . ,.

i -- - -

N**3 I

, , ,iii, ., , , , , ,

i

,,;,;,.>>>>2i,2,2 i , 3 , 3 1 2 34 56719 .3 1 2 34 $5 i 9 3 1 1 2 1

• 56 7 4 1 3 1 2 iO33333 1 3 333 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 33 1 33 3 033 3 3 0

.I SPECIES L5NOTFS s3 IN MM l

Figure 5.5b RELATJVE rRgogEy;y sto*$ egg spp,;IES LENSTHS '

USINS ONE MONTm INTEnveL! Ov'ER TIME SO:ENTITI: NAME-;YNDSOION NEEULOSUS YEAR- STT PLOT OF V = A CONNECTING LINES USEO PLOT or . . y synget gggg Ig y

• LOT Or W . 0 SYMSOL JSED IS = ,

' LOT OF W U !YMBOL IS VALUE Or 22 l DLOT Or W = 5 SYMBOL IS v6LUE Or 21  !

PLD' OF W

• T SYMSOL IS VALUE Of 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VRLUE Or ;p j i

g% jopy - - - -e-  %'- "

Il ttrtsmet i N*2 i me:M I

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1

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• LOT Or y . x c0NNE TIN 3 L:NE! vie 0

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Figure 5,5d 8.EL6*bE roEDstN; eL0v! ros !*E; E! LENS' .!

c .e . n . vm. .e v.4E* "."r.

e , n. N. r. u.n y T , .v r o NAME vEac =ing

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. . q r .e.vL, a c O,5J r e: s PLOT Or n e v SvMEOL USED !! N

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• 0 SYMEDL USED IS =

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Flye, 5.6a RELA"IVE rRE0VENCY PLob r*,R SPECIES LENGTHS I USING ONE MONTit INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME-CYNOSCION REGALIS PLOT Or Y a x CONNECTING LIu!S USED YEAR-1976 I ' LOT OF W PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W PLOT OF W . U $YMBOL IS VALUE Or 22 0 SYMBOL USED IS -

S SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 21 PLO' 0F W T SYMSOL IS VaLUE OF 20 E. PLOT Cr W . R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZA 1

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Fipts EstnRELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS l

USING ONE MCN'H INTERVALS CVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NRME-CYN0 SCION REGALIS YEAR-1977

• LOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N St,0T OF W

• 0 SYMBOL USED IS =

PLOT .

• V SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z2 PLOT OF 4YMBOL IS VALUE OF Zi PLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20 PLOT OF W = R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZA g

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I Fipm 5.Ge 8tELAT vE r;EQUENCY DLOT5 r0R $$EC:ES LENGTHS

, USING ONE MON % INTERV6LS OVE; TIME I SCIENT!r;; qqqg.;yNo$cION R[get;$

PLOT 0; f . X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT Or W . V SvMSOL VSED !$ N Dl.0T 0: W

• O SYMEOL USED IS =

VEqq.}ps I

• LOT 0: W

• U SYMBOL IS VALJE Or 22

• LOT Or W . S SYMBOL !$ va.LUE Or 21 DLOT Or W e T S *BOL :S MLUE OF 20

• LOT Or W

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l

pip AGd RELRT!VE rRE0JEN;v ' LOTS r q :oE;Its LgNciss I

es!No ONE MON % INTEpVALs DVED TIME SCIENT r:0 N6ME=CYND$C!0N RE09Ll! YEAR =i$75

• LOT Or v . x CONNE; TING LINES U!ED PLOT 0: W = V SYMSOL USED 15 N

• LOT Or w . t svMBOL USED !! =

• LOT Or W e U SYMBOL !! VALUE OF 22 DLOTOrg.3syggotIIvq;gg0  ;

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I ie ii, ,.,iii,iiii.,i iiii iiie e i m ,. .,een n m o n n u u n u n ie ieiieiie eiieeeieoe ioie i teei SPECIES LENo%$ IN MM 5-30 s.

I Figure 5.7a RELATIVE FRCOVENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LEMOTns USING CNE MONTH IMTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIO NAME pqRALI;HTHYS DENTATUS YEAR-1976 I PLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYM.80L USED Is N PLOT OF W

• O SYMBOL USED IS =

I PLOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT CF W

• S SYMSOL IS VALUE OF z1

' LOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL .3 VALUE Or ZA I JMN @RY I

~ ~ "

I

d' Mp t.

I b W

I

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w

==1, I @Juwt w h.3.

n n n N" nn b

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. ,,.,,,,,,,m.,....,,,_,....,,,,,,,,,,,m.m.,,...

SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-31

l Fipo17b RELAT!VE FREQUENCY PLOTS r0R SPECIE $ LENGTHS I

USING ONE MDNTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NRME=PR%LIChTHYS DENTATUS YEAR-1977 Ei E

PLOT OF Y = A CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• v SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W

• O SYMBOL USED IS =

' LOT OF W e U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT Or W = 5 SYMBOL IS YALUE OF 21 li i PLDT DF W

• T SYMBOL IS VRLUE Or 20 PLOT 0 W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE Or ZA g1 I g I

I}

F(IRUMY met kat A

E nee.

b N*6 W

, e n 3

gm m -.

A _- .

l ym B g Nat.

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COTD8ER No..

E n

a.m Ne$

mmR - m n i i . i ,i: i , , iiii i,i.

C 20 90 tC 6C 10012014016016C ECC 22G 240 26C 290 300 320 **C 360 36w 400 920 440 SPECIES LENGTHS IN M" g

$-82

I Figure 5.7c *EL97:vE FRc 0VENC#

• LOTS r0R S@ECIES LENCTHS VSING ONE MON 7H INTERv6LS OVER TIME I SCIENTIFIC N99E=*9D9LIC'THYS DENT 97JS DLOT Or f + X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT 0 W . V SYMBOL VSED IS N

1. EAR =1972

• LOT Or W

• 0 SvM90L VSED IS =

I PLOT 0~ W

• d SYMBOL IS v9LUE 0: 22 PLOT QC We $ $ fM3OL IS /9(JE Of 21 PLOT 0 W

• T SVM50L IS /9LJE 0 20 I DLOT OF W + 0 S<M30L IS V9LVE Oc 29

~- '

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S ECIES LENG7HS IN MM I 5-83

c Figure 5.7d REL9TIVE FRE0JENC #

• LOTS #0R $*ECIES LENGTHS I

USING ONE MONTH IN~E;v;LS OVED TIME SCIENTIFIC N9ME=D9RRLICHTh#5 DENT 9TJS <E 90,= 197 9

• LOT 0: Y + X CONNECTING LINES USEO PLOT 0: W. v S#MSOL USED IS N pinv er a n , 3 e. vu. n. ni g e.r.n .. t.e se .

PLOT 0: W + 0 $ VMSOL IS /9LUE Or 22 DLOT Or W

• 5 SYMBOL IS V9LUE 0: 2 '.

PLO' 0: W.7 SVMSOL IS VoLUE 0: 20 SLOT OF W *

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~.,

g gy .

w 2. g N$

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I S*ECIES LENGTH 5 IN MM 5-64 E

I Flyne.5.8a RELATIVE rRE0VENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME I SCIENTIFIC NRME-PARALICHTHYS LETHOSTIGM/i DLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N YEAR =1976 PLOT OF W

• O SYMBOL USED IS -

I PLOT OF W = U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT OF W

• S SYMSOL IS V9L"E OF Z1 SLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF ZA I

I JRNJRRi I 9tlRJR*T w-t1 I mr n - -

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. , i i , , , , . . i i i , i ii, o 2c *c 6c so no 12c 1*o 160 isc 200 220 ;*c no asc 300 no 44o 360 no eco ago **c SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM I 5-85

s Figure 5.8b RELATIVE FREQUENCY PL0is r0R SPECTES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTM INTERVRLS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME PARALICHTHYS LETHOSTIDMA YEAR-1977 PLOT OF Y = X CONNECTING L!NES USED PLOT OF w . V SYMBOL USED IS N

' LOT Or w . O SYMBOL USED IS =

SLOT Or W U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 22 DLOT OF W e S SvMBO IS VALUE OF 21 DLOT Or W + T SYMBOL IS VALUE Or 20 SLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE Or ze l

I I

,t3... ,

• -16.

,,3

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..... g s ,.,, _. ,. m . -

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W

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t,

= - -- - - - - -

c stemt cr. N=1t

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3 g,g,

==55 mt.ete

- " - -" ~ I lN 14 ot:t sta 0 20 40 60 BC 20012014016C 180 204 220 290 26C 260 3dC 320 340 360 340 900 42C 64C l

SPECIES LENGTHS IN .T.

5-86 $

I Figure 5.8c stELATIvt rRE0VEN:Y PLOTS r0R $PECIts LENSTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME P SCIENTIFIC N9ME.*ARALICHTHYS LETh0$TIGM9 VEAR.108 PLOT OF Y . x CONNECTING LINES USED I PLOT or W . Y s ms0L usED Is N SLOT Or W . O SfMBOL USED IS =

" LOT OF W

• U SYMBOL !$ VALUE Or 22

1. LOT Cr W e S svM30L Is vetyg or 21 I SLOT OF W . T $YMBOL Is veteE or 20 PLOT OF W R syMSOL Is vnLUE OF 29

==6 00--0 I

3, v., y n.s.

"0 I runumet n.:

I f9 41 rom k

Natt Egg I

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h ....

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= w.s.

W-w

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v, at u.ss g gy _ _ _

8 y w=30 5

I b nygggt %___ m- _ _ _ . _

y *-na O

e I

d m

it'w t* u.gt c:toett I,, N=10 I

vovt1Et Nots mt ete - -S" --- - _ -

i , . , , . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

e n ao 60 so .co ist iso as an ase ::o an ;5e : Tin 3;onoao.,eo.co.;o..e I $PECIES LENGTHS IN M~.

5-87

• * *** f

.a Figure 5,.Bd c.ri T. ir rc.r.s wIt T.

ir.,u'r . o r..n 4 se en:

. c.: c .ee.

.yv' *. y. r M..N :vT . T F* ' ~ 0 y c.i. .t 3 / r.c. T .? u..r

. Lers,T,.c I

S;'ENTIr!; NA.ME=SM9LICh%fS LETh0STIGM; #E90=1979 l DLOT 0 i*( CONNECTING LINES USED 3 DLOT Or W = v SVMSCL USED IS N SLOT 0" W = 0 S(M30L USED IS =

• LOT Or w 0 S*M90L IS V;LUE 0: 22 SLO' 0F W + S !*MBOL IS VALUE 0: 21 PLOT 0: W + ' SVM*0L IS V;LUE 0 20

• LOT 0: A

• R Sf"30L IS VALUE 0: 2R y.u

' A".

g myy P ~ -

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y,3

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h N 65 m W

m

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C w

D* y  ! . _

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gg

= ..._% -

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• =

C 7: !EN1[R I

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I

$ $ I O I $ I l $ I 9 l l 0 8 1 8 I (

I,

$ Sh Ah kh $ $ t hh ak's }0 D ab) 4h h 4001i0 2* $ sit .6 0 400 4.'C )4 0 shi #60

• 30 *s t **C SOECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5 88 em .

I Fipare 5.9a RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME I SCIENTIFIC NAME=MUGIL CE?HALUS PLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT Cr W = V SYMBOL USED IS N

-LOT O' W = 0 SYM30L USED !S =

YEAR-1975 I ' LOT OF W = U SYMSOL IS VALUE OF 22

• LOT OF W + S SfMBOL IS VALUE Or 21 PLO~ OF W = T SYMSOL IS v8LUE 0 20

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l I '

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i i > < > i , e i , . , , , ,

hh k h kOh khs khh hhh hhh hOh hhh hhh jhh 4,}h $4h hhh hhh 4hh O g'h 44h SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM I. 5-89

Figure 5.9h EELa~IVE F ,EDUENCY SLOTS 70; SDECIES ENGTHS I

USING ONE MONTH INTER .'RL 5 0 v'ER TIME SCIENT!rIC NAME=MJGIL CE*n;LL'S VERR =1S77 PLDT OF v . x CONNECTING LINES USED DLDT Cr W

• V S w3OL USEO IS N PLOT 0: W = 0 Sv"30L USED IS -

PLO* Or wa U SYMBOL IS VALJE 0 02 SLO' Dr W = 5 SvM30L IS VALJE 0: Z:

• LOT OF W + T SY"!DL IS V9LUE 0: 20 SLOT 0 W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE 0: ZA I

E y

I t

%.a3

,,,upn " ~ ~ - _ . - .. . .

F[$tV981 N=$9 -

43 h-- -

N=41, c m :; b-S h=12 W f

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m E g

=

u N-50.

C

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ha8.

be eit.tet4 c:: *=10

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IN-43 gggg47, _ -rJ'~ _ __ _ -

O G to 6010012014016C 160 200 220 240 200 sto 300 32',3*0 360 40 etc a;c sac I

SCECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-90 g

E Figure 5.9c RELATIVE FRE00 ENC # PLOTS FOR SDECIES LENGTk!

VSING ONE MONTH INTERv;LS OVER TIME I SC!ENTICIC N9ME*MJ0!L CE*h8LUS

• LOT or y e X CONNECTIND LINES USED PLOT Or W + v SYMBOL USED IS N (ESR 19M DLOT Or W

• O 5YMBOL USED IS =

I DLOT 0: W . U 57M90L IS v4LgE Or 22

' LOT Or W e S S<MBOL IS VALUE or 21

• LOT Cr W e T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20

' LOT OF W e R SfMBOL IS /ALUE or 29 I pupp, -% . e I ,,,,,. ~ _ _

hogg P.. .

9,3 a lh . 2 g eta r ..:

E I ;

S

==$

0 sm I 6 0

bJ v.:

c,

=u n00 I g O

d N*2 I

• %'l' j g N.1

=

e I [ $CE*S(*

r.c m.:4 I __ a9 U =

aggg(e 4ai9 I a n' ~ _ . -

ve/t.g ge Na73 Dt;E1!9 -3#A -

gg Ih hh khh okh e6 (j ,( fj gg*j g)g fgg {dg f gg ggg ggg g g ,j) ge gg) g g= ga I 3D((((g ({ygyq3 39 qq 5-91

4 Fiwre 5.0d RELATIVE FRE0JENC# PLOTS FOR SPEC!ES LENOTHS I

USING ONE MON 4 INTERVALS OVES TIME S;IENTIFIC N9"E-MJG!L CEPW9LUS VEAS-1979 SLOT Or V . < CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT Gr W

• v Sv"BOL USED IS N PLOT 07 W

• O SY"30L USED IS =

PLOT Or W

• U Sm30L IS V9LLE Or 22 DLOT Or W

• S SYMBOL IS VALL'E ): 21 PLOT Or W

• T SY30L IS VALUE 0: 20 DLOT Or o' . R sygggt ;$ vatgg 3r 2q ,

O, n ,.u,,, m -

. 6..

r I

e

..n.

g E nun N 4.t5 k w E

1

= W.18 9

g w. L1 " --

w s.a. .

O yw 0 g

5 o

N U mA nnun

.N e

tt" ten E

• 5

tem ceen

ten

,,,,,,,,,,,i,,,,,,,,,,

l 1

a ao u o ac eto so.u .n ara 2s sc 2nin nua n

au so :c aiu +o g SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 3 5-92 l

s .

Figm 5.10a RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAMErMUGIL OUREMS (E9R-1976 I DLOI CF Y-* X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT 0 W

• V SYM30L USED IS N PLOT OF W = 0 SvMBOL USED IS =

PL0i 0F W = U SYMBOL IS V6LUE OF 22 I PLOT OF W = $ SYMSOL IS VALUE OF Z1 PLOT OF W

• T SfMBOL IS VALUE Or 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZA I sa.4UMy - -<-~ .e .

I iI ruRway -

I -

I mRCH -- -

I  :-

5: ePr. - y G N=37.

~

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Wa9.

u C

a I JM 0 '

a: xsg C lN = 4 ,

6 en -

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N=7$.

O l

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y N-as C

I =

dst

=

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I , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , , .

2: 4c ec so ::c ac t-: :e::ec aan uc 2 a 2t.c asc a:o m 3 c aec 38: *c: 42c os SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-03

Figure 5.10b #EL.RTIVE FREOUENCY DLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS I

USING ONE MONTn INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NVE-MUGIL CUREMR YE 90,= 1977 PLOT OF Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W = 0 SYMBOL USED IS =

PLOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF I2 PLOT OF W

• 3 SYMBOL !S VRLUE OF Z1 PLOT OF W

• T !YMBOL IS VRLUE OF 20 PLOT OF W = R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZR N.,..

3

~

JANU9RY F E5 Rua*Y i

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N=77. ,

~

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DCE1ER 0 20 'O 6C 60100120190160180 200 220 290 260 260 3JO 520 3*0 350 380 *00 920 690 I

SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-94

G6-G WW NE Skl0N31 $3IO365

- c'r tte ter rs 9e o,e c>e etc. c,, cp ,,,, , et, ; , , ,,,

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a 20 anibA SI 10gd45 0

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a HiON3,u b34,0 sibeb318I i 53I3ac$ bC: s1NOW 3NG cN:snSeCie 30N3n03ba 3AI2b 133 00W NMu I

I Figure 5.10d REL97IVE CREQUENCY $ LOTS =0R SPEC!ES L:NGTHS USING ONE MON % INTERV9LS DVER TIME SCIENT! !C N9ME="1JOIL CUCEM9 E9R =1979 PLOT 0: Y- X CONNECTING LINES USED

• LOT 0: W . V SYMBOL USED IS N

• LOT 0: W . 0 SYMBOL USED IS =

• Lo r DF W + U $YMBOL !$ /9LUE OP 22

• LOT 0: = 5 SYMBOL IS V9LUE OF II

• LOT 3: W . T SYMBOL IS V9LUE OF 20 g PLOT 0: W + R SYMBOL IS V9LUE 07 2R g A-e m - n

,_ g

,,,,,, g

, , - g c **t:L E

w

=

mv

=

u C

6 g at m s.,.

O u

n-, n 9 Ee g O Na5 i

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c

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7sta ceets st:tste i

I l

I , , i iii,iii ,iiiii,ii,,

o 2: -c so .o os as a: ao ice acc a: 24: m aec anc no 3 c au 48o ace *2: **:

SPECIES LENGWS IN MM 5-96 _

Figurs.5.11a RELATIVE FREOUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME=PENAEUS AZTECUS YE*R=1976 I PLOT OF Y X CONNECTING LINES USED

' LOT OF W = V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W = 0 SYMBOL USED IS -

• LOT OF W . U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z2 I PLO! 0F W

• S SM30L IS VALUE OF 21

• LOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE Or Z0 SLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL !S VAL ~ OF ZA I JANUARv I rtgquegy MARCH I.

• 2 C APRR b N-101 b

,y -rom ~ --

I =

u C

W N=500

• %JUN!

W U N=400.

m O #%

i C a4v N=503 D

C w

I T, 6

y AUGJST N*222

~ ~

I W

SEP?!MLER

% N=138.

I OCTOS!R

?

NOVE1ER  !

N=1, OECE1(R i i i i e i i i e i i i i , i 4 i , i i C 10 20 30 +0 50 60 70 80 93 :c; 11c 12; 1301+C 150160 ilG ido 190 430 2:c 220 SPECIES LENGTHS IN "M 5-97

Figure 5.11b RELATIVE REQUENCY FLOTS FOR $8ECIES LENG%S I

USINO ONE MONT:- INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENT!FIC NRME=DENREUS RZTECUS VERR =1377 g PLOT 0: Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED E

• LOT 0: W

• V SYM30L USED IS N PLOT 0: W

• O SYMSOL USED IS =

PLOT 0 W

• U SYMBOL IS vRLUE Or 22 PLOT 0 W

• S SYMBOL IS VRLUE 0: 21 DLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20

• LOT OF W

• R SYMSOL IS VALUE OF ZR N=4.

' n n' ,

I JANJARY Fit Rues t

PR:M

=

C APRE c_ i 47 l==100 N

my . .-T%

= N=394 o

C LJ

% gygg -"D m CD L. N=95.

LS se m ^- a O ==232 O

C

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C

[ SE*TE ,ER

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=

TOSER I

N=3:0.

I N=3.

t: terr nn n I

I f , , , , , ,

( f i I t 1 i i e p G 10 20 30 40 10 60 70 8; 5010c 11012C ISC ;*C 35016017C 36 293 23 220 220 SOECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-98 -

I Figure 5.11e REL*?!VE QEQUENCY DLOTS COR S:ECIES LENGTHS I USING ONE MONTS INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTICIC N;ME= DEN;EUS R2TECUS PLOT OF Y . X CONNECTING LINES USED DLOT OF W . V SvMSOL JSED IS N VEqo=1976

• LOT 0: W . O SymSOL USE; IS =

I SLOT Dr W = U S<MSOL IS VALUE OF 22 PLOT 0 W . S SYMBOL IS v;LUE or :1 DLOT OF W . T SfMSOL IS 19LUE or 20 DL0i Or W . R SYMBOL IS VALUE 0 Z; I "-"

I I FE$4U99f -

I wutgg 2

i [Se**C.

Gua8 w.a g iIII.I I .. =

v 4=2a5 C

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i h 4*123 6

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I

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. 4 Jt +c 53 60 M sc 9; m 1 a .' :n ;*0150 its .7; ;e') iP 40 its 44 3EECIE3 LENGIh3 IN W 5-99

' Figurs 5.11d RELA *!VE FRE0JENC # 'LO'S "0R S*ECIES LENGT'S I

VSING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC N9ME= DEN 9Ed3 92' ecd 3 #E AR =19E PLOT 0 V

• x CONNECTINE LINES USED PLOT OF W

• V SYMBOL USED IS N DLOT 0: W

• O SVM30L L3E0 !S = 1 DLOT 0: W

• 0 SvMBOL IS 19LUE 0 22 PLOT or W . S SvMBOL IS V9LUE 0: 2 '.

CLOT 0: W

• T SYMBOL IS V9LUE Oc 20 DLOT OF W

• R SvM30L IS V9LUE OC 29 L.11

- - ,_.-IiG

m;,,,

it9RJ W w :s 5:eRn E  %=269.

W 5, - MW -

= Wei08 u

A w

=, xst sw__ _.

[ N=414 e

w

d JJ.'

_ 9_- $

C o

Na175 5 R

= -

2 g g3, 5

c

- stown 2

'09tR cMB t:tett

, , , i , , , , , . , , , i > > i i h 43 10 43 43 50 il 0 50 S r. 4 9'.1 ; 0 4 + 0 18 ". 4 ' *4 450 440.47's s i ? 4 9 9

• 0 *e * '4 J ** 0 SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-100 I_

A P Figam 5.12a RELATIVE FREQUENCY ? LOTS F00 SPECIES LENGT'S m

! USING ONE MONin 1NTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME DENAEUS OUORARU* YEAR-1976 .

PLOT OF Y a ( CONNECTING LINES USED I PLOT Or W = V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT 0: W = 0 SYMBOL USED IS -

PLOT OC W = U SYMBOL IS V9LUE OF 22 DLOT OF W

• S SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z1 PLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 20 DLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF ZA

{ -

(

, sagumer

(

FEBRUR4Y

=. ins.

" ~

MRCH N=29.

h. nee,gg  % F" -

b wa65 W

N IH"L-

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=

u m-22 C

w Z gqg #?

b N=21 m

• F -

~ '*

B W JJ.Y

$ Wa296 Y3 y

L9uws' -_.-fTh u h-25*

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x

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ag g, . _ . _ _ _ _ . _ .

w-as gg;ggg,  % _r -

l l 5 J , . . . , , ,

ua n 4c sc 6e 7c a 92 na uc ua n a: :sc ac a: teo 19c ace 22c 22; SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-101

Fi:;ure 5.12h RELATIVE rREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS I

USING ONE MDNTh INTERV9LS OVER TIME E SCIENTIFIC N9ME=*EN9E'JS OdORRRUM YERR=lS77 l PLOT Or Y

• x CONNECTINO LINES USED PLOT OF W = v SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT 0 W

• O SYMBOL USED IS = 3 PLOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VALUE OF Z2 g PLOT Or W

• S SYMSOL IS VALUE OF Z1 PLOT OF W

• T SYMBOL IS Vr.LUE OF 20 PLOT OF w . R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZR l

I g

Nat.

g mn:n

. --m n _T 1 h=10 CVRIL JL_ In

~

'm N=1.

W

• $Y l O

C E I,.J

$ JUNE y N=9.

m - E W ~ L, -

I E sa u.y -

C N=327 C

u

~-

g ggy -

u h=311

~

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h=392 0;iOSER N=509 gg g, ._-- -- ~ _ _ _

N=309

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.... r.m. p I,............, . . . . . .

C 1; 20 30 *G St EC 70 BC 9010L 11012013; 19015C 150170 IBF 190 20G 210 220 CP "T:C ' NGTHS IN MM l 5-102

C01-C II WW NI 5% 9h31 53IO3e5 i

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l

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et,.s

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• M 2C iCle 12 20 30lbo SI 1CEWe$ S

• M :C 1Cle

!Z :C 3019A SI 1CEWAS 0 + M 3C 1Cie I = SI C3Sn 1CEWS t)

• M 20 1C1e N SI C350 iCEMS A *

• iC iCle C3Sn S3 nil ONIi33NNC0 ) *A 30 iCle SL5t=eb3A WnbbbCnc S03bN3c=3WbN OI:IiN3IOS I 3WI; b3AC $1bAb3.NI 41NCW 3NC ONISD S%CN31 $3IS3eS bC $101c e 3N3rC3ba 3AIlb13h PZLs anota I

r Figure 5.13a RELATIVE FREOUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS L USING ONE MONTH INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME=PENREUS SETIFERUS YEAR-1976

. PLOT OF Y a X CONNECTING LINES USED PLOT OF W V SYMSOL USED IS N

~

PLOT OF W O SYM30L USED IS =

PLOT OF W

• U SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF 22 PLOT OF W S SYMBOL IS VALUE OF 21 PLOT OF W = T SYMBOL IS VRtVE OF 20 PLOT OF W R SYMBOL IS VRLUE OF ZR I

saww ru tunRY I ==160.

MMROH I N=75, f g.,;, m _ - -

I 17, I 'x 53.

W

$e N=11.

~Rn a

w I qg l - M-k n= son.

43 W

I Q g, . . m?"""%--

Ci n.500, w

z

' wous .

g W.914 C

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d SE*T'A9 x h=451 ocTasta N=96.

\

gpg, -~--r*~'~~_

h=159

, , . , , . . . , , , i i . , , ,

G IG 20- 30 4G SC 60 70 to 90 LOC 11012013019015016017018G 190 20G 210 220 SPECIES LENGTHS IN %9 l 5-105 1

Figure 5.13b RELATIVE FREQUENCY PLOTS FOR SPECIES LENGTHS I

USING ONE MONT-i INTERVALS OVER TIME SCIENTIFIC NAME=PENAEUS SETIFERUS YEAR-1977 l PLOT OF Y . X CONNECTING LINES USEO E PLOT OF W = V SYMBOL USED IS N PLOT OF W . O SYMBOL USED IS =

PLOT OF W = U SYM30L IS VALUE 0~ 22 PLOT OF W = S SYMBOL IS VALUE 0: 21 PLOT OF W . T SYMBOL IS VALUE 0: 20 DLOT OF W . R SYMBOL IS VALUE OF ZA

• =3

1. NJRRY nm FE8RUARY mROH

=

{M*RIL E v)

W O

• MY N*1 O

C y

I g JUNE w w-s.

~

V) M w E

-o. gygy T" 7 5 O ,'N d } } $ .

D C

y 6MUGUST w h=27.

I-e

_N s _-_

C $ESTE1 ER c: N=33 n# <

I 00TOBER l N=194

~

! NOVEMIER

=-e2.

~

DiCENEP i , i , , , i . i e i i e i i i + < i i ' i 0 10 20 30 40 SC 60 70 BG 9010011C 1201301*C 15016C 37C IOC 190 20C 210 223 SPECIES LENGTHS IN MM 5-106 g

l

• Figure 5.13c RELATIVE FRE0uENCY DLOTS :0R S:ECIES LENGTHS USING ONE MONTH INTEqveLS ovER TIgg SCIENTIFIC N9ME= ENAEUS SETI:E US YEAR-197a

' LOT 0 Y

• X CONNECTING LINES USED

LOT OF W = V SYM3OL QSED T$ N

- I- LOT 0 W

• O SYMBOL USED IS =

• LOT OF W = U SYM30L IS V;LUE 0: 22 PLOT 0: W

• 5 SYMBOL IS VALUE 0: 21 I- DLOT Or W

• T SYM30L IS VRJIE 0: 20 PLOT OF W

• R SYMBOL IS VALSE 0: 29 I a....

I , , , ,

_rrr_ -. . _

FESRURRY mR:8 I z

{APRII, v.

W I  ::::

F TY

=

v C

w

@ JUNE n.s, w

M u -

] b - - ll C3 W=31 o

I W C ,7 u

>~

N.12

- ____ -. _19 L,. ,_

c _

. I. C3E'TEMER cc k-1oa

^^ -

- ~

OCT0fD M-49 uovtse -

N-12i i

,. ggggg _

, , i i,,,,i,,,i,i . . i i e i.

I a is ;o n 40 sa 6; :s so so ico sic ;2 las 140 in lea po ias isc 2 cal;;;2a 3:ECIES LENGTHS IN MM I

l 5-107 p

i i

F.gure 5.13d R -.c-Ti\- corno:Nrv 1

-- - o.n?e*-

- en:-

- - corr?

--- t i--FNL -

U.O N v- nye. u,,nyr -. .. t. N+4 ::.v .. .i e n.yta T. w:. 'Tw t SCIEN'!0 N9ME= DEN 9EUS SETICEEUS #E99=1979 DLOT Or Y .( CONNECTING LINES USED

, - w. c: n . e e v. u.o .n.t. g.e rn. .T e N o .s ,

o w, .J .T wn- n . wn .e vu

- s3 gis g, erd s T'.

.e -

PLOT 0: n~ . U SYMBOL IS v'ALVE 0: 22 DLOT 0: W . 3 SYMBOL IS VALVE 0: Il PLOT 0: n' . T SYMBOL IS VALUE 0: 20 SLOT 0: n' . R Sv't20L IS VALUE 0: 2R ,

h=92

,<,wo , _ -__

rEMARv I

w :-

I

.1 z

C '

c A*RE 40 W

- 3

• MY u.1 O

C w

g at u 42 C*J L

Ww

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=

5 E

w 5 5 yg,3, _ _ _ . _ - _ . - -

W c

cit *TIets x

I

t:t et?

I

. , , , , , , , , , , e i i i i i 0 16 ;- g la 46 is t ', 10 sc 301H lit .;s lis l'; 15016 01h leL 16; iCG 213 a40 sDO

• T.T3 t. .N u* TW~C. TN

.v.. . . M9 5-108 ,

M M M .M M. M. M M M M M M M- M M W M M M I

FIGURE 5.14. . CRTCH PER UNIT EFFORT (CPUE) B( STRTION .

l FOR DIVERSION DEVICE STUDY JRH 1979 - SEPT 1979 SPECIES-SPOT RGE= YOUNG OF YEBR i

l

.e-i

" STRTION SYPBOL

\n w,

5 ei~ - 4 X

- i .

5 Y m .' -

( ,

6 M c, } '

- / J h (

E

• i m-n- ,h a g }

f

\

8m;-

w j

g

> r, I

n a '

I i

f '

O j l ,

L

- 6

. ; .: . 5 M- .- i , ; . . . :'3 . ... .. ,,.... ....,,...,....,.. ,

oi 175 200 225 250 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TIME (DMS) m____.__

J

. FIGURE 5.15.'. Menti LENGUt 011) BY STATION FOR DIVERSI0fl DEVICE STdGY JBH 1979 - SEPT 1979 SPECIES-SPOT RGE= YOUNG OF YERR N

8_.

1

~

G. ,

N~ ,

EE -

k

~

~ -

, STATION S1100L-n- ~

4 X 5 Y

_ 6  %

c2

....j....,....j;... j....i..;. ,....,,,. j....j....;

O 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 TITE (06Y3)

(M M M M M M M M M M M M M

r L 30 - IDIUI

• 9 N - 120 40 -

10 -

.ll 11.

l-I 20 - PORD4

• 8 Na iM 10 -

.1 ti.

20 to@l - 7 N - 353 10 -

1I i.

20 - PDfDt - 6 N = 656 10 -

.I l.. ~

gg - PC@i=5 N = 836 to -

l l 11,.

"~ r m nt -

• W 30 - N = 99 d

y to -

10 -

6 "-

l- 1 E tect-a b 50 - N - 672 l W 90 -

C.'

c ao -

h 20 -

10 -

1 sa - toot-1 l N - 159

+0 -

g 30 -

p 10 -

I illt.i...

rowth - t

__ i l lle, I .- i- , , .. ,

20 90 GQ 83 100 120 '90 160 180 200 220 240 203 2'0 4- , - , , , ... . .

SIZECLAPS, et1 FIGURE 5.10 RELATI'E LENGTil FREQUENCY SY MONTH FOR DIVER 9ICN DEV CE STUDY,1979, SMALL TRRWLS SPECIES - S.'OT 5-in

- ._____.___--__--______._m. _ . - _ _ _ _ _

I 20 - IDMDI - S y

. N = 141 10 -

_l l Ill..I 20 - toni - B N = 994 10 -

..! ll, 20 - togTH = 1 N = 484 10 -

,1ti lei. .

E VDGi~C E 20 - N = 1178 lt,,,

30 - tO9 Tit = 5 N = 802 3 20 -

g 3 10 -

w

, l1. .

tom - 5 c5 20 - N = 251 10 -

l iE

@ 50 -

lil ,,,it. "

PONTh = 3

$ N = 22e 40 -

30 -

20 -

10 -

-. l \.,, i- -

t0RTH = 2 E-20 - N = 218 i  !!i- .

30 - PONTH a 1 N = 299 20 -

10 -

llili, 20 5o' 'io ei i$5 ild i40 idd ied 260 ali 245 2do l

SIZECLRSS, tti l

FIGURES.17 RELATIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY SY MONTH

\ FOR DIVERSION DEVICE STUDY, 1979, SMALL TRRWLS

[ SPECIES = CRORKER 5-112 E,

-- ____.__.____2 __-__________..-_.______a__

s .A -h, ts E e pm u R, m 4

, .e FIGURE 5.18 HE84 LENGTil (m) BY Sf6 TION FOR DIVERSION DEVICE STUDY J8N 1979 - SEPT 1979 SPECIES-CR08KER RGE= YOUNG OF YERR en m

e i

7, b L N- t I

iS

~

i d.

s h,

, g -- is :t

[

N QI ,

1 #

. , i

~

n STATION SYtBOL

[

n. ,

,1 2

4 X

_ 5 Y 6  %

o- . . . . j..;e ,....j.... ... ,....,....,....,....,... ,

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 TIME (08YS)

I 20 -

t0@i = 9 g N " II E 10 -

PO@i

• 8 20 - N=8 10 -

30 -

PO@l = 7 N = 11 gg .

10 -

20 -

I tcum = s N = 54 10 -

ll li! 1,,1,1

>- in l ,  ! ,1 ,,

@ 30 -

w towm - s a N - 11 20 -

u ta.,

10 -

g o

h 20 -

PENTH = 9 Y N = 69 gn .

M I Il it,tll ,tl g

h 10 tcNm - 3 5 N = 176

.I  !!illlltll,1 .

,,l,.

E 30 -

tem = 2 E-N = 343 20 -

10 -

.l ltlll~i~ , E 10 -

tcNm - t N = 209 5

10 -,

'! I i' ,

20 90 60 o'O 150150140 ide,150 250 250 240 260 25,350 b$0 SIZECLASS, m l

FIGURE 5.19 RELRTIVE LENGTH FREQUENCY BY MONTH E FOR DIVEhSI0l, DEVICE STUDY, 1979 SMALL TRRWLS E SPECIES = MENHRDEN I

5-114 ,,

--- w - ' ' . . . . . .. .

.I I

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6.0 Conclusions Spot, croaker, menhaden, brown uhrimp, flouimer, and mullet constitute the majority of larval and postlarval fish in the Cape Fear estuary during the period from September to May (Table 2.4). The arrival and departure times of particular larval species into the estuary were consistent through the years 1974 to 1979. Spot occur from December through April, croaker from September through May, menhaden from February through May, brown shrimp from March through May, flounder from December through April, and mullet from December through March. During this same five-year period, night densities were greater than day densi-ties and bottom densities were greater than surface densities, with an increase of surface densities at night (Figs. 2.16, 2.17, and 2.18).

Trend analysis performed on spot., croaker, menhaden, brown shrimp, flounder, and mullet to indicate long-term effects show increasing numbers of larvae over the years from 1974 through 1979 with the excep-tion of brown shrimp which showed a downward trend (Fig. 2.19). This downward trend can be explained as a response to the colder temperatures experienced in 1977 and 1978 and the heavy freshwater flow during recruitment of 1978. Considering the overall increase in larval densi-ties, it appears that the overall ecological system of the Cape Fear estuary remains healthy and that the plant impact due to entrainment, if any, is negligible.

The mean density of total larval and postlarval fish entrained from September 1978 through May 1979 ranged between 24 and 1400/1000 m3. ,

Based on plant flows, the total number entrained ranged fro = 94,000/ day in early November to 4.9 millien/ day in mid-May.

I The six representative species (spot, croaker, mullet, flounder, menhaden, and brown shrimp) represent approximately 65% of the total number of larvae entrained. These species are ocean spawners whose larvae and young use the estuary as a nursery ground. Responding to different environmental cues, the larvae are transported to shallow nursery ground in the marshes or to deep water nursery areas in the vicinity of the saltwater / freshwater l

6-1

I interface. Mig.ation to these areas removes the larvae from the I

immediate vicinity of the plant and reduces entrainment losses. A negative response to light also enables the larvaa to avoid entrainment -

during the day as cooling water is primacily taken from the surface.

The plant has been withdrawing water from the estuary since early 1974.

During this time, population estimates for five out of six representa-tive species in the estuary showed an overall increase in abundance.

Entrainment on the other hand decreased for croaker, menhaden, and brown shrimp and increased for spot, flounder, and mullet. These trends in abundance for both river and entrainment suggest negligible plant impact.

The plant flow rate during the sampling period ranged from 1.5 to 5.4 million cubic meters / day. Normally six to eight intake pumps are operating to cool the plant's condensers, but reduced plant load or outages may reduce this number. As described in Section 3.2.1 of the Interpretive Report, certain modifications could be undertaken to allow the plant to operate at near full capacity with reduced flow requiro-mentr, Using ambient water temperature as c guideline, the flow requirements could be reduced to around 2.25 million cubic meters of water per unit per day from mid-April to the end of November, with an additional 466,000 cubic meters per day required if ambient water E temperatures reached 29 C (85 F). The flow could be reduced to 1.5 million cubic meters of water per unit per day between December 1 and around g

April 15. m I

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I If this flow reduction scheme had been used during the 1978-79 sampling period, the maximum number of larvae entrained could have been reduced as shown below.

I Species Maximum Number (X 10 ) of Larvae Entrained Per Day 1978-1979 Actual 1978-79 Under Flow Reduction  % Reduction Spot I Croaker Flounder 2132 2101 333 1584 1165 185 25.8 44.6 44.5 Menhaden 141 103 30.0 I Mullet Shrimp 313 799 174 594 44.4 25.7 Peak recruitment for most of these species coincide with the period of

. coldest water temperature permitting the largest reduction in plant flow.

I With nekton sampling gear, a total of 223,039 fish and 145,818 inv er te-I brates were caught, primarily with the small trawl. The ten most abundant fish, in order of decreasing abundance, were spot, croaker, bay anchovy, menhaden, weakfish, tonguefish, spotted hake, southern ficunder, star drum, and silver perch. The five most abundant inverte-brates caught, in order of decreasing abundance, were grass shrimp, brown shrimp, blue crabs, brief squid, and pink shrimp.

I Stat! tically (Table 4.5), the CPUE of total organisms with each gear was higher at Station 5 than the other stations, although the individual CPUEs for bay anchovies, croaker, brown shrimp, pink shrimp, and weakfish were not significantly diff erent from those at Station 1. Both of these stations are in man-made, sof t bottom canals, intermediate in depths to the channel and tidal creek stations. Areas of this type probably serve as nursery areas for most estuarine dependent species during at least part of their stay in the estuary.

.I Total weight of organisms impinged this year (VI) was down from the two previous years (IV and V). This year's weight was 45% lower than Year IV and 62% lower than Year V. Even though Year VI's total weight was higher than Year III's (by 28%), this was expec ted because only one 6-3 I

1 unit was in operation during Year III, thus less cooling water was I

needed. The number of organisms impinged was also less this year that in Years IV and V, 35% and 54% less, respectively. Numbers impinged .

in Year VI were 47% higher than Year III for the same reason explained above. Weights for msnhaden, miscellaneous species, mullet, other 5 finfish, spot, and trout were less in Year VI than in Years IV and V.

Bay anchovy and flounder were impinged less this year than last year and croaker were impinged in less weight this year than in Year IV.

Weights for blae crabs and other shellfish were higher this year than in the Years III, IV, and V. The weight of shrimp increased over Years IV and V, but did not reach the weight impinged in Year III (see Table 5.4 for weights impinged Years III-VI).

The diversion device was considered to be in effective operation from mid-January through mid-May 1979. After this time it remained in place, but due to severe under washing on the Walden Creek side when several panels broke away from the pilings, it was considered inef fective.

Total weight of impinged organisms for this time period was 82% less E

than in Year V and 69% less than in Year IV. The average weight per E organism impinged was 22% less than Year V,18% less than Year IV, and 36% less than Year III. This indicstes that the diversion device may have decreased impingement by excluding larger fish.

5 Spot were the most abundant organism comprising 45.2% of the total catch of organisms in the diversion device trawling program. Croaker g

were second with 16.4% of the total catch. These were followed by bay 3 anchovy (12.7%), grass shrimp (8.7%), brown shrimp (6.6%), blue crabs (2.9%), Atlantic menhaden (2.5%), and weakfish (1.7%) . All other organisms combined, representing 83 more species, accounted for 5.3%

of the total. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) for each of the species groups is presented by station in Table 5.16.

Diversion device studies showed that while the diversion device was in effect, spot of significantly greater mean length (Fig. 5.16) were caught outside-and just inside the diversion device at Stations 4 and 6 6-4 I

I I than at the plant (Station 5). Also, spot at Station 4 were slightly larger (2-5 mm) than at Station 6 and 5-10 mm larger than Station 5 (Fig. 5.16). This tends to support the theory that the diversion device does exclude larger fish. Length frequency for croaker' also showed that while the diversion device was in effect (January to mid-May), meat. lengths for croaker were larger at Station 4 than at Stations 6 and 5 (Fig. 5.18). The'se fish were f rom 5-10 mm larger.

After failure of the diversion device, catches of croaker increased inside the diversion device and mean lengths of the croaker also increased.

I If the problems associated with leaving the diversion device in year-round (biofouling and under washing of the screens) can be solved and movement around the diversion device is eliminated by construction of the " crab fence " impingement should be reduced substantially. With the diversion device in effective use, the only organisms s2sceptible to impingement will be those that can move through the mesh in the I screening. This cannot be eliminated, but impingement catches resulting from these organisms would oe substantially lower than past years.

Year-round use of the diversion device and/or return to the estuary of the reduced number of impinged organisms by the improved nekton return system should ensure that the plant's effects upon the estuarine system be minimal.

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