ML20066G062
| ML20066G062 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Vogtle  |
| Issue date: | 11/12/1982 |
| From: | Connor W, Finn R, Jackson J SEISMOGRAPH SERVICE CORP. (SUBS. OF RAYTHEON CO.) |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20066G037 | List: |
| References | |
| NUDOCS 8211190282 | |
| Download: ML20066G062 (99) | |
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e l l l REPORT I ON SEISMOGRAPH SURVEYS l CONDUCTED IN BARNWELL, AIKEN, AND ALLENDALE COUNTIES, SOUTH CAROLINA PROJECT 8-1047 AXC,26657 SEISMIC SURVEY SAVANNAH RIVER PLANT BEDROCK WASTE STORAGE I I FOR E. I. du PONT de NEMOURS & COMPANY, INC. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT WILMINGTON, DELAWARE t l l Seismograph Service Corporation A SUS $1DI A R Y OF RAYTHEON COMPANY
# P. O. SOX 1990 T U L S A. OKLAMOMA I
l1 8211190282 821112 * {DRADOCK 05000424 PDR
i
.C.g N 3 E N 3.S Page INTRODUCTION 3 ASSIGNMENTS 3 Line 1 3 Line 2 4 Line 3 4 Line 4 4 Line 5 5 FIELD PROCEDURE 5 PROCESSING 9 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 10 General 10 Synthetic Record Comparison 11 Recently Drilled Holes 13 I Velocity Gradient Map Detailed Discussion 14 15 CONCLUSIONS 32 APPENDICES I I INDEX MAP II PHYSIOGRAPHY 35 36 III GEOLOGY 37 IV OPERATION METHODS 38 =
V OPERATING STATISTICS 41 VI CALCULATION AND INTERPRETATION METHODS 42
- VII MATERIAL SUBMITTED SEPARATELY 45 I
L I I @~ -
1 1 ! INTRODUCTION The Seismograph Service Corporation was subcontracted in March,1971, to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc. , Wilmington, Delaware, to continue and expand seismic investigations on the U.S. Atomic Energy Conmission's Savannah River Plant in Barnwell, Aiken, and Allendale Counties, South Carolina. The purpose was to extend seismic lines previously recorded during the seismic program conducted in May, 1969, and primarily to obtain additionC information on the attitude of surface and bedrocks in the study of the bedrock waste storage problem. This new work program was conducted as Project 8-1047, AXC-26657 Seismic Surveys. The field werk was performed during the peri-od from March lith to 31st, 1971. ASSIGNMENTS The new assignments consiste'd of the following five lines covering approximately 23 miles of traverse: Line 1: Line 1 began with Shotpoint 4, near the same location of old Shotpoint 4 of the original shooting and approximately 500 feet north of DRB-9 well. This line proceeded southeastward along co-ordinate E-60,000 to Shotpoint 53 near co-ordinate N-12,260. At the u
l conclusion of the survey, Shotpoints 54, 55, 56, and 57 were added at the northwest end of the line. These shotpoints overlapped the previous shooting with Shetpoint 56 being located near the DRB-9 well. Also, Shotpoints 15-A, 16-A, and 17-A and Shotpoints 48-A, 49-A, 50-A, and 51-A were reshot. Line 2: Line 2 begins with Shotpoint 61 located c50ut 200 feet north of old Shotpoint 15 of the original shooting. 'The co-ordinates for Shotpoint 61 are approximately N-70,600 and E-60,000. Line 2 is a crooked line that meanders around, but was laid-out in such a man-ner as to cross DRB-7, DRB-6, DRB-5, DRB-1, ana P8R holes. This line covers approximately 10.5 miles and terminates with Shotpoint 122 located at co-ordinates N-110,600 and E-57,150. Line 3: Line 3 includes Shotpoints 300 to 306 and is located ap-proximately 3600 feet east of and parallels original Line 1. It extends about 7300 feet north from N-60,000. Line 4: Line 4 includes Shotpoints 400 to 406. It is about a mile west of original Line 1 but extends slightly south of N-60,000.
Line 5: Line 5 takes off northwestward from Shotpoint 64 of Line 2 and includes Shotpoints 201 through 208. This line ties to DRB-7, DRB-2, and DRB-4 wells. FIELD PROCEDURE The seismic field crew again headquartered in Augusta, Georgia, a distance of approximately 30 miles west of the Savannah River Plant. The field equipment was inspected and the field crew personnel were processed through employment, security, and safety orientation on March 8, 9, and.10,1971, and received safety helmets and badges which permitted access of personnel and equipment onto the Savannah River Plant. All field operations were conducted under the direction of Mr. George M. Vroman, Design Engineer, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc. From the experience gained during the previous survey, it was determined that a continuous profile technique would be more advantageous than the correlation method originally used. The con-tinuous profile method would be slower requiring more shotholes but would provide 100*/. subsurface coverage, ensure more precise correla-l tions by having continuous coverage, provide detailed weathering information, and would furnish more control in the identification and !I l
- N I
location of possible faults. A straddle spread covering 900-75 75-900 feet (12 geophone stations on each side of the shotpoint at intervals of 75 feet) was the normal spread length used. Ten HSJ-14 Hz geophones were spaced 5 feet apart across each station. In general, the shotholes were slightly deeper than the earlier survey especially in the extreme northern portion in the vicinity of the P8R hole. On Line 1 they ranged from 80 to 100 feet and were shot with 1 pound Nitramon charges. When Shotpoints 48-A, 49-A, 50-A, and 51-A were reshot, these holes were redrilled to 150 feet and shot with 2 pound charges. On Line 2 the shotholes ranged in depth from 100 feet at Shotpoint 61 to 150 feet at Shot-point 122 and were shot with charge sizes generally from 1 to 2 pounds. Also on Line 2, two shotholes per location were drilled at Shotpoints 100 through 120. The original hole was drilled to 100 feet and the second or A-hole was drilled 30 to 50 feet deeper. Separate records were taken from each hole. On Lines 3, 4, and 5, all shotnoles were drilled to 100 feet and shot with 2 pound charges. Because of the poor results and indicated deep weathering from the previous survey at the P8R hole, a deep uphole survey was made before starting Line 2. A shothole was drilled to a depth of 150 feet at Shotpoint 105-A (Line 2 and near P8R) for this uphole survey. The driller logged this hole as follows: 0-30 red clay, 30-78 sand, 78-85 red clay, and 85-150 sand. A charge size of one I
1 pound was shot and recorded at depths of 150, 130, 110, 90, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, and 20 feet. A time-depth plot revealed interval veloc-ities of 2000 ft/sec from 0-60 feet, 2600 ft/sec from 60-110 feet, and 5500 ft/see from 110-150 feet. A reproduction of this time-depth curve is shown on page 8. The break at 110 feet indicates this to be the depth of the weathered zone. The summation weathering across shotpoint 105 later confirmed this to be the depth of the weathering. From the analysis of this uphole survey the shotholes were drilled deeper along Line 2. The seismic data were digitally recorded by TI DFS-III dig-ital instruments and " read after write" paper monitor records were made simultaneously for use in computing weathering corrections. A broad band f11ter of 27 to 248 Hz was used with a slope of 36 db/oc-tave on the low cut and 72 db/ octave on the high cut. Also, a 60-Hz notch filter was used to eliminate any 60 Hz highline signal. The field digital tapes are 9 track 800 bpi, with a 1 millisecond sample rate, and a record length of 2.0 seconds. The depth of the weathering for each geophone station was computed in the field from a summation method employing the use of the first break refraction arrivals on the monitor records. An av-erage velocity of 2500 ft/see was used in computing the thickness of the weathered zone. These weathering values were then used in deter-mining the static corrections applied to the preliminary replay sec-tions. These corrections were made to a reference datum of +200 feet
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i above sea level with an elevation velocity of 5500 fect per second, the same parameters as used in the original survey.
, After completion of the shooting program, the drilling crew went back and grouted or cemented from bottom to top each hole that had been drilled over the area.
PROCESSING The magnetic tapes were forwarded to the SSC Data Proces-sing Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where they were digitally processed. After making some filter tests, some preliminary galvo-area sections were made by applying static and normal moveout correcticas. These sections were then studied for further refinement and enhancement of the data. On Lines 1, 2, and 5, corrected filter paper records were displayed from which differential fiducial statics were obtained and applied before making the final galvo-area sections. Lines 1, 1-Extension and Reshoots, 3, 4, and 5 were dis-played with a 25-35-65-80 Hz filter while Lines 2 and 4 were dis-played with a 50-60-120-150 Hz filter. A set of prints of these sec-tions with the various reflecting events colored is placed in the pocket of this report. I . I Ie I I ~
l' DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Ceneral , Tuo subsorface structural maps, one isopach map, and one velocity gradient map are presented with this report. They are des-ignated as: Structural Near Top Saprolite
= Near Top Crystalline Rock Isopach Near Top Saprolite to Near Top Crystalline Rock Velocity Gradient Map Near Top Crystalline Rock and Near Top Saprolite In general, the record quality was fair to good, however, some poor data were recorded along portions of Line 1. Some holes were reshot in an effort to improve the data.
Shortly after the completion of the original seismic sur-vey, both the DRB-8 and DRB-9 holes were drilled. The velocity data from the DRB-8 hole were .tsed in preparing the final maps and con-firmed the reflection identifications. Subsequently, the DRB-9 hole ( was drilled. It penetrated the Top of Triassic at a depth of 1041 feet (302 f t.-K.B.) and reached the Top of Crystalline Rock at 2630 feet (K.B. ), and bottomed at 2701 feet. IL I n a W 1
Synthetic Record Comparison Upon the initiation of this new shooting program, the Birdwell Division prepared a synthetic seismogram from the 3-D Velocity Log run in the DRB-9 hole. A comparison of two differ-ent filters: 20-30-70-80 Hz and 30-40-150-160 Hz of the synthetic seismogram with that obtained from Shotpoint 56 located near the DRB-9 hole is shown on page 12 of this report. The interval velocity curve shows a contrast in the Lower Tuscaloosa (Near Top Saprolite) at a depth of 802 feet (ED=+200 Ft.) and a positive primary spike. Both synthetic recorda exhibit a re-flection at a time of .285 seconds corresponding with this spike. n ?? fk$ p yr 43 . The Top of the Triassic (at a depth of 939 feet) does not show MNc sufficient. contrast, however, the hard Triassic at 966 feet exhibits .
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3g seems to be combined with a later cycle of the shallower event on the 20 70-80 Hz filter. A weak event occurs at a time of .370 seconds from a depth of 1200 feet (ED,&200 Ft.) which is 261 feet below the Top of Triassic. The Crystalline Rock at a depth of 2528 feet (ED=+200 Ft.) indicates a velocity contrast and both synthetic records show a reflection at a time of .555 seconds. m
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~r,7;]l~'l-" AND SEISMIC RECORDS E -L. I i 28.1 i . . .4- .3 _ E
The seismograms from Shotpoint 56 exhibit reflections at times compamble to those shown by the synthetic record. The data from Shotpoint 56 has been corrected to the reference datum of +200 feet using an elevation velocity of 5500 feet per second. The Crys-talline Rock reflection appears to be slightly earlier on the Shot-point 56 record. This is because of the steep dip in which the depth i 3 i point is displaced northwestward 1110 feet showing a dip of/~% 24',at I O i
-2245 feet.
'} 5 Recently Drilled Holes Since the completion of the recent field work, two addi-tional holes have been drilled. These are DRB-10 near Shotpoint 27 on Line 1 and P9R near Shotpoint 100 on Line 2. These generally con-I firmed the preliminary seismic results. DRB-10 penetrated Top of Triassic at 1184 feet (257 f t.-K.B.) and was bottomed in Triassic
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- Gn ' M Rock. A 3-D Velocity Log was run in each of these holes by our Bird-well Division from which velocity information was obtained. The P9R hole penetrated the Crystalline Rock at a much shallower depth than expected reaching the rock at a depth of 743 feet from K.B. (328 ft.).
I I. ' ,m
i velocity Gradient Map Approximately nine well ties were made to the Crystalline Rock in the northern portion of the survey from Lines 1, 2, and 4. From these well ties it was apparent that a velocity gradient was present. A velocity gradient map on the Crystalline Rock is sub-mitted showing the various average velocities obtained at each well tie. This map shows a fairly strong gradient increasing in a west-erly direction and exhibits average velocities ranging from 5800 ft/see to 6300 ft/sec. Unfortunately, there is insufficient lat-eral control except along Line 4 and no control is present south of the DRB-8 hole. Consequently, the contour configuration of this map is subject to change pending other lateral well ties. In ef-fect the same gradient was applied to the Near Top Saprolite event l in the northern area because the average velocities used for the iI shallower event were 100 ft/see smaller than those applied to the Crystalline Rock. This dif ferential was established at the DRB-8 well tie. Although the DRB-9 well was drilled to the Crystalline f Rock at a depth of 2528 feet (ED=&200 Ft.), it penetrated approx-imately 1600 feet of Triassic section exhibiting an interval veloc-ity of 14,200 ft/sec which would greatly increase the average veloc-l l ity to the Crystalline Rock. The first break average velocity from the two-way time-depth curve to a reference datum of +200 feet above l
i' sea level computes out to be 9220 ft/sec. This is considerably / ! i Breater than that applied north of Shotpoint 5, the last contin-uous seismic control at this level. Consequently, a considerable, j i i velocity change may occur across a fault south of Shotpoint 5. l Two-way time-depth curves adjusted to a +200 E.D. from velocity surveys in the P5R, P6R, P8R, P9R, DRB-8, DRB-9, and DRB-10 holes are included in the calculation book. Reduced prints of the structural maps, isopach map, and velocity gradient map are submitted as pages 16, 17, 18, and 19 of this report. Since each of these maps covers only a portion of the survey and are not of sufficient detail control to adequately define the true structural conditions, only a brief discussion of these maps will be made and a more detailed discussion of a I time cross section of each individual line will follow. Detailed Discussion An effort was made to map the same two events on this later survey. The Near Top Saprolite event was mappable through-out most of Line 1. However, this event could very well be from the Top of the Triassic instead of the Saprolite from Shotpoint 13 on southward. A deeper Triassic reflection was present over a portion of this line but the Crystalline Rock event could not
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be recognized as no reliable reflection continuity was obtained from this horizon. Only sporadic events at various levels within the basement complex were recorded. The opposite condition prevailed towards the northwest with the shallower Saprolite event deteriorat-ing to the extent it was not mapped beyond Shotpoint 92 on Line 2. On the other hand, a good seismic event was recorded from the Crys-talline Rock in that area. Also some non-continuous deeper events within the basement rock were observed. Near Top Saprolite I TheseismiceventpreviouslyidentifiedasNearTopSapro-}
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lite was followed south from the DRB-9 hole to Shotpoint 12. These - data exhibit another 100 feet of southeast dip along co-ordinate E-60,000 The continuity on this event is interrupted by a fault, downthrown to the southeast, interpretedbetweenShotpoints12and13.I, The seismic data in this downthrown block may be Near Top Triassic instead of Near Top Saprolite as an average velocity of 6025 f t/see ties Top Triassic (-927 feet) in the DRB-10. These data i suggest a minor anticlinal nose striking through Shotpoint 20 with approximately 30 feet of northwest reversal of dip into Shotpoint 17. - Another 100 feet of southeast dip is recorded from Shotpoint 20 to Shotpoint 27 located near the DRB-10 hole. e
C Additional southeast dips are recorded into a possible I syncline striking through Shotpoints 46 and 47.
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Three additional i faults are indicated as cutting the traverse southeast of the DRB- ! i 10 hole. One fault strikes between Shotpoints 30 and 31 and appears ' to be displaced to the southeast approximately 30 feet. Another fault strikes between Shotpoints 40 and 41 with possibly 60 feet of displacement to the northwest. The third fault is shown strik-ing between Shotpoints 49 and 50 and is interpreted as downthrown to the northwest approximately 50 feet. The direction of strike is uncertain on all of these faults. In the northern portion of the survey, the Near Top Sapro-lite event deteriorates to the extent that it could not be mapped beyond Shotpoint 92 on Line 2. The quality of this event also is poor on Lines 3, 4, and 5. The seismic results disclose 320 feet of southeast dip from Shotpoint 92 to Shotpoint 12. Although Lines 3 and 4 are not actually tied to Line 1 the correlation suggests a possible syncline plunging southeastward between Lines 1 and 4 and a minor nosing trend between Lines 1 and 3. Near Top Crystalline Rock The Crystalline Rock reflection was only mappable over the northern portion of the survey. This event showed a gradual structural rise of approximately 290 feet from Shotpoint 61 near
m the DRB-8 hole to Shotpoint 104 (Line 2). I Since the completion of the survey, the P9R well drilled near Shotpoint 100 (Line 2) con-firms the high structural level of the Crystalline Rock in this area ' as the P9R hole appears to be 58 feet higher structurally than the la P8R hole. A fault, downthrown to the northwest with approximately 60 feet of displacement, is interpreted as striking between Shotpoint 105 and the P8R hole. The strike of this fault is uncertain. In the downthrown block, there is a'pproximately 100 feet of southwesterly dip from Shotpoint 106 to Shotpoint 122. 9 Although Lines 3 and 4 are not tied to Line 1, the contour gI interpretation suggests. structural conditions similar to those shown on the Near Top Saprolite map. At the southeast end of Line 4, the { eg
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continuity of the Crystalline Rock reflection is interrupted similar
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to that encounter 'd south of the original Shotpoint 5 on Line 1.
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For this reason, a pox tble fault is suggested as being present which would be downthrown to the southeast. The steep dip recorded from Shotpoint 56 shows a dip of 24* at -2245 feet and is displaced north-I westward 1110 feet along the line of profile. This is the only recog- ., , s V i u t 3 nizable Crystalline Rock reficction southeast of Shotpoint 5. g t: .: From Shotpoint 4 southward to Shotpoint SI,'no continuous -) mappable data were recorded from the Crystalline Rock, but only mis-cellaneous dips at various depth levels within the basement rock com-plex.
I l The DRB-10 hole, drilled naar Shotpoint 27 on Line 1 since the completion of this survey, was bottomed at 4212 feet in the Tri-assic formation, having penetrated 3028 feet of alternating claystone, hard and sof t sandstones with quartzitic crystals. A plot of the ve-locity data from the 3-D Log of this well showed greater interval ve- I locities through the Triassic seccion than that obtained at the DRB-9 hole. Isopach Map The isopach map depicts the thickness of the section be-tween the Near Top Saprolite and Near Top Crystalline Rock horizons. These data are only available over the north central portion of the survey. A gradual thickening of approximately 60 feet is shown with a possible thinning trend suggested between Lines 1 and 4. Discussion of Time Cross Sections In addition to the digital replay sections, a set of hand plotted time cross sections w?re prepared on each line. The princi-pal seismic events shown in color on the digital sections were picked and then plotted on time cross sections. The corresponding subsea depth values were computed and are shown with the possible exception of a few shallower events above the Near Top Saprolite. Also the steeper events have been migrated to their true inline position by a t i
-I i
steep . lip calculation procedure. The depths to these deeper events are based on interval velocities either below the Saprolite, Trias-sic, or Crystalline Rock reflections and were derived from the vari-ous velocity surveys. Some of the steep dips may be over-displaced because of the apparent large average velocity applied. Line 1 Shotpoints 54 to 12 In addition to the continuous Near Top Saprolite event from Shotpoints 54 to 12, a deeper event with less reliable continu-ity is depicted at a depth approximately 200 feet belcw the Near Top Saprolite and has been designated as Below Top Triassic. This event was converted to subsea depths with a constant average velocity of 6100 ft/sec. It reveals the same structural attitude as the shal-lower event with some southeastward thickening indicated. The steep 36*-39' dips underneath Shotpoint 5 appear to be in the upthrown fault block within the Crystalline Rock. The 24" dip at a time of .492 seconds (displaced from Shotpoint 56) and at a subsca depth of -2245 feet shown underneath Shotpoint 55 may be from the top of the Crystalline Rock as it approximates a tie with that depth shown in the DRB-9 hole. Some miscellaneous milder dips are shown at depths near
-2500 feet and -2900 feet which are probably within the Triassic k l
1 formation. The steeper 17" and 24* dips at depths of -3322 feet I' and -4246 feet may be nearer the Crystalline Rock level.
...i-Shotpoints 12 to 30 C7 A fault, downthrown towards the southeast, is present s ri between Shotpoints 12 and 13.
Theprimaryshalloweventplacedj on the Near Top Saprolite map is converted to subsea depth with an average velocity of 6025 feet per second. The continuity and quality of this event is good to Shotpoint 30. It ties to the Top Triassic (-927 feet) at DRB-10 near Shotpoint 27. A shallower Cretaceous event, about 200 milliseconds above the Top Triassic, is shown on the cross section. A deeper Triassic event approximately 500 feet below the Top Triassic is depicted with poor continuity. This reflec-tion was converted to depth using a constant average velocity of 7465 f t/sec. A few miscellaneous deep'er events probably within the Triassic also are shown. Some deeper 12* to 24* southeast dips at depths of -4421 feet and -6134 feet may be more repre-sentative of the Crystalline Rock. The DRB-10 hole near Shotpoint 27 was drilled after the shooting of this line and was bottomed at 4212 feet (K.B.) having penetrated 3028 feet of Triassic sediments. A reflection from Shotpoint 26 displaces southeast to a position underneath the DRB-10 hole showing a dip of 15 towards the northwest at a depth of I g I -
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o m _ _ . . -
-4219 feet and other miscellaneous dips showing a northwest compo-n'e'nt of dip are recorded from depths near -5000 feet. Either of these dips could be representative of Crystalline Rock surface.
Shotpoints 30 to 40 A small fault, downthrown to the southeast with approxi-mately 30 feet of displacement, strikes between Shotpoints 30 and
- 31. In the downthrown block, the Top Triassic data dips mildly to the southeast reaching its deepest depth at Shotpoints 39 and 40.
A shallow event near .170 seconds is recorded across this zone which is probably the same event shown between Shotpoints I 21 and 27. A few miscellaneous possibly deeper Triassic events are shown. No Crystalline Rock reflections are recognizable although a number of steeply northwest dipping partial segments can be seen on the replay sections.
- Shotpoints 40 to 48 A fault, upthrown to the southeast, cuts the traverse I between Shotpoints 40 and 41. This fault suggests about 60 feet I
t t e of throw. The Top Triassic data continue to dip mildly to the southeast into a possible syncline through Shotpoints 46 and 47. A single 23' northwest dip at a time of .725 seconds i (-4132 feet) underneath shotpoint 45 may depict the attitude of Crystall!nc Rock. L
- 2 7-1 Shotpoints 48 to 53 The data quality is poor over this portion of Line 1.
The weathering zone appears to thicken to approximately 100 feet from Shotpoints 47 to 53. The reshot, deeper holes did not appear to show any appreciable improvement in record quality. A possible fault, upthrown to the southeast, may strike between Shotpoints 49 and 50. The correlation or the Top Triassic across this possible fault is not certain. Two steeply dipping reflections shown be ^ I tween Shotpoints 48 and 49 on the replay sections may be diffrac-m tions from this possible fault zone. In the upthrown block some steep northwesterly dips from ', 19' to 39' and at depths of -3049 feet to -3844 feet might reflect 1 the attitude of the Crystalline Rock. I Line 2 Shotpoints 61 to 122 Line 2 begins at Shotpoint 61 near the DRB-8 hole aad near Shotpoint 15 of the original Line 1. It extends generally northwestward and ties to lab-7, DRB-6, DRB-5, DRB-1, P9R, and P8R holea. The surface elevation of +300 feet above sea level near Shotpoint 61 declines to +140 feet above sea level near a small s trea: close to Shotpoint 81 and then gradually rises to +380 feet L t
above sea level beyond Shotpoint 122. The apparent weathering mantle adjacent to the surface appears to be approximately 40 feet thick in the vicinity of Shotpoints 61 to 64, then gradually thickens to about 90 feet underneath the hill across Shotpoints 68 to 70, and thins to approximately 50 feet in the valley floor from Shotpoints 79 to 92. A gradual chickening again occurs to-wards Shotpoint 122 with generally 130 feet or more indicated from Shotpoints 109 to 122. The data from the deeper shotholes on this line were used in the final interpretation. Records from the 100-foot hole depths were processed through the digital com-puter, but these did not reveal any additional information. The Near Top Saprolite reflection was picked only as far as Shotpoint 92, although the continuity of this event is questionable beyond Shotpoint 74. The Crystalline Rock reflection is the outstanding event that is recognized on the replay section throughout the entire line. The continuity is fairly reliable on this event except for a few places such as between shotpoints 74 to 79, Shotpoints 90 to 92, and Shotpoints 104 to 106. This horizon exhibits a gradual structural rise to the fault between Shotpoint 105 and the P8R hole. This fault appears to be downthrown towards the northwest with possibly 60 feet of displacement. The direction of strike is uncertain. A structural rise of approximately 100 feet is defined from Shotpoint 106 to Shot-point 122 on the downthrown side of this fault. L
i A seismic event at a time of .330 seconds (-1070 feet) at Shotpoint 62 is approximately 382 feet below the Top Crystalline Rock. It shows a convergence of 127 feet between Shotpoints 62 and
- 67. A reflection at about the same interval below the Top Crystal-line Rock is shown between Shotpoints 81 and 86 that reveals only minor convergence.
There is some evidence on the replay section of Line 2 between Shotpoints 65 and 68 in support of the inclined fracture zone within the virtually impermeable Crystalline Rock as depicted in Figure 1, Page 13, of the publication in the Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1544-I, "Two-Well Tracer Test in Fractured Crys-I talline Rock" by D. S. Webster, J. F. Proctor, and I. W. Marine. The displaced 12* southeasterly dip underneath Shotpoint 66 and at times of .331 seconds (-1227 feet) and .372 seconds (-1404 feet) and the displaced 14* dip at times of .359 seconds (-1566 feet) and 402 seconds (-1778 feet) is fairly well defined. However, the dis-placed 17' southeasterly dip underneath DRB-5 hole and at. times of -) ' sA
.359 seconds (-1617 feet) and .408 seconds (-1866 feet) is very ques- .f, tionable although some weak evidence for it can be seen on the replay - .
section. There appears to be similar anomalous conditions possibly~ Q i .,[ ' between Shotpoints 72 and 73, Shotpoints 77 and 78, and Shotpoints 85 # and 86. I . I
- 6p 1
I I A few miscellaneous deeper events in the basement complex have been picked and put on the time cross section. Many other ap-parent reflection alignments that depicts dip in either direction can be seen on the replay section. These were not pot on the time cross section. Line 3 Shotpoints 300 to 306 The reflection continuity is very poor on the Near Top Saprolite event and a shallower event placed on the time cross sec-tion. The Near Top Crystallin _e Rock reflection is fair. Several miscellaneous deep reflections ranging in depths from -1700 feet to
-4200 feet are shown. Some possible faulting or fractures are sug-gested in the deeper portions of the basement complex.
. %.,e The two steep northwesterly dips appearing on the replay
]S '
) c1. (
l section ncar times of .8 second and 1.0 second possibly are reflec- -
. b,' 13 n
tions or diffractions from the fault shown cutting Line 1 between C, a ' A '
,y Shotpoints 5 and 4.s The reflectinn near .8 second displaces slight-kk, 'A p
ly more v' than.4200 feet southeast.of Shotpoint 300. c., (
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I 1 I Line 4 Shotpoint 400 to 406 The quality of the data and the continuity are much better on Line 4 than on Line 3, especially on the Near Top Saprolite and Near Top Crystalline Rock reflections. Many miscellaneous deeper events within the Crystalline Rock are shown on the tite section ranging in depths from -1700 feet to -4800 feet. The depths from -1700 feet to -2400 feet exhibit southeast dip but with a steeper gradient than the Top of Crystalline Rock. The deeper data appear to have a northwest component of dip. Some faulting or fractures also appear to be present in this deeper I ' section of the Crystalline Rock. I Possible faulting, downthrown to the southeast, is suggest-ed south of Shotpoint 400. The Crystalline Rock reflection loses its continuity similar to the condition encountered south of Shotpoint 5 on Line 1 of the original survey. Line 5 Shotpoints 64-A, 201 to 208 This line makes approximate ties to DRB-7, DRB-2, and DRB-4 holes and furnishes some lateral control for the Nea- ' Jap Crystalline Rock velocity gradient map. The continuity on this event is fairly I reliable except from Shotpoint 204 to Shotpoint 206. Minor faulting could possibly be present between Shotpoints 204 and 205. L 1 2
I I 1 The reflection continuity of the Near Top Saprolite event is very questionable on Line 5. Several miscellaneous deep data below the Top of the Crys-talline Rock are shown at depths of -1500 feet to -3700 feet. The shallower group of these data show a considerable amount of conver-gence with the Top Crystalline Rock. CONCLUSIONS The results of this second shooting program have furnished additional structural information on the behavior of the Near Top Saprolite event or Lower Tuscaloosa-Cretaceous sediments, possibly the Top Triassic in the southern portion of the area, and the Near
- Top Crystalline Rock in the northern part of the survey.
The failure to obtain a continuous mappable event from the Top Crystalline Rock over the southern portion of Line 1 was disap-pointing. The reason for this may be'an insufficient velocity con-trast between Crystalline Rock and the overlying hard Triassic sand-stones and siltstones to produce a reflection. The 3-D Velocity Log ran in the DRB-10 which penetrated 3028 feet of Triassic section ex-hibited large interval velocities of 17,600 f t/sec and 18,600 f t/sec I in the lower portion of the Triassic zone which approaches the 19,600
}1 -
j, f t/sec interval velocity recorded in the Crystalline Rock of the DRB-8 ) l 1 1 hole. Some miscellaneous deep events shown on the replay and time cross sections may furnish some information as to the attitude of the Crystalline Rock formation in the esuthern area. I @
The deepest portion of the Near Top Triassic horizon was recorded in the vicinity of Shotpoints 39 and 40 on Line 1; however, additional southeast dip is recorded from Shotpoints 41 to 46 in an upthrown fault block. A possible syncline may strike through Shot-points 46 and 47. Several small faults are depicted along Line 1 as cutting the Near Top Triassic. The strike of these faults is uncer-tain. The Near Top Saprolite event could not be reliably mapped any farther north than Shotpoint 92 on Line 2. This event is also considered weak on Lines 3 and 5. The Near Top Crystalline Rock is believed to be fairly re-liably defined along the traverses in the northern area although Lines 3 and 4 are not tied to Line 1. I It was necessary to apply a velocity gradient to effectively tie the seismic data to nine wells in this area. A fault, downthrown to the northwest, appears to cut l Line 2 between Shotpoint 105 and the P8R hole. The direction of str.ke of this fault is unknown. A fault, downthrown to the south-east, could very well cut Linc 4 south of Shotpoint 400 and strike between Shotpoints 5 and 4 of the original shooting on Line 1. The inclined fracturo zone within the lapermeable Crys-talline Rock as depicted between the DRB-5 and DRB-6 holes in the l L
1 publication "Two-Well Tracer Test in Fractured Crystalline Rock" by D. S. Webster, J. F. Proctor, and I. W. Marine in the Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1544-I appears to have some evidence of this anomalous condition on the replay section of Line 2 between Shotpoints 65 and 68. Similar anomalous dips beneath the Top Crys-talline Rock are suggested along this traverse. Respectfully submitted, SEISMOGPAPH SERVICE CORPORATION By: W. B. Connor, Party Chief By: O /h. v/6 [/.G.psckson,Sr. Geophysicist I -
/ho July 30, 1971 I
A'/L R. e. ,1 , 1c. r.s1e _ . 2448-1
1 I APPENDIX I g - x m ,c,scu m - u~. I I NCETH CA40UNA I I l I I aseeca g ( I . I I I AREA SURVETED i l I -
l APPENDIX II I PHYSIOGRAPHY Topography: Rolling plains Population: Unpopulated Culture: Brushland, timber; U.S. Atomic Energy Commission's Savannah River Plant Drainage: Well drained in a southeasterly direction, furnished by streams tributary to the Savannah River Soil: Brown, clay, sandy Weather: Generally fair, some rain Roads: Plentiful Traverse difficulties: Mud, timber, underbrush I . I . s@n
- - ~ , - , ,, . _ .
- 3 7-APPENDIX III GEOLOGY l
Near-surface formation: Barnwell formation of Jackson group of Eocene age Subsurface log: DRB-9 (near Shotpoint 56) I Dry hole Elevation: Tuscaloosa(?) clay -602 Top Triassic 302 fr. K.B.
-739 Hard Triassic I
- 766 Crystalline Rock -2328 T.D. 2701 ft.
Major unconformities: Between Eocene and Cretaceous Between Cretaceous and Triassic Between Triassic and Cambrian Regional dip: Approximately southeast Type structures expected: Folded structures: domes, anti-clines; fault traps, stratigraphic traps Well control: Tied to 11 wells or dry holes in I area of prospect
APPENDIX IV OPERATION METHODS Method used: Continuous profiling Spreads used: Straddle Normal length: 900 feet, between shotpoints Distance from shothole to close geophone stations: 75 feet Number of geophone stations adjacent to hole: 2 Relation of far geophone stations to interlocking shotholes: At hole Geophones used: HSJ 14 Hz, .7 damping factor Number per trace: 10 Connection: Series Spacing in group: 5 feet Arrangement in group: Straddling station, in line Instrumentation: Type amplifiers: TI DFS-III I Number of channels: Filter settings: Monitor and tape: 24 27 to 248 Hz at 70.77. amplitude response Replay playback: 25-35-65-80 Hz on Lines 1, 1-Extension, 3, 4, and 5 50-60-120-150 Hz on Lines 2 and 4 Type camera: 24 trace Shothole data: Type drilling: Rotary with water Special equipment used: Portable pits Tractor mounted equipment: Drilling, recording, shooting Shothole depths: I Normal: Range: Number of holes used per location: 100 feet 80 to 150 feet 1; 2 at Shotpoints 100 through 120 I Formations encountered: Approximate depth water table: on Line 2 Sand, gravel, clay 55 feet Best shooting depth: 80 to 100 feet except extreme south end of Line 1 and north end of Line 2 where the weathering thickened re-quiring 150-foot shotholes u .'
l
)
APPENDIX IV (Contd.) , OPERATION METHODS (Contd.) Shorhole data (contd.): Dynamite charges: Normal: 1 pound Range: 1 to 2 pounds of Nitramon, holes preloaded Operational difficulties: Traverse difficulties, caving holes, gravel holes I I I I I iI 4_%):
r M M M M M M M M M sse T-346 4.r. I I l STATION AND SIIOT IIOLE ARRANGEMENT 4 l l i i e I 2 3 4 5 6 1 it 8 I
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le I e.................._.8.9....to........1.. q . ..S......S...8...1....9.. o i.l. . . .1 ..%.. 1 1 In 1 t 2 1 2 4 9 I I LEGEND Shot lloleShot Adjoining Under Test @ IIole o Station Number I Line of Traverse ---- 1 Geophones per Station 10 Geophone Spacing C l
APPENDIX V r OPERATING STATISTICS I Basic crew: Crew headquarters: Augusta, Georgia Starting date: March 11, 1971 Completion date: March 31, 1971 Number of profiles shot: 292 Number of holes shot: 146 Linear miles covered: 23 Dynamite used: 250 pounds Type: Nitramon I Number of caps used: Normal length leads: 187 150 feet ~ I Drilling: Number of drills used: Drill hours: 2 328.5 Extra drill hours: 163.5 cementing shotholes Number of holes drilled: 167 Total footage drilled: 17,896 feet Average length water hauls: % to 1 hour I Number of sets bit blades used: Type: Hole plugs: 6 Retipped 4 inches 200 Size: 9 inches I I lI I
I APPENDIX VI CALCULATION AND INTERPRETATION METHODS Record quality: Good, poor, NR, high frequency Type correction used for final data: Summation Other corrections calculated: Normal uphole Individual trace corrections used for replay sections: Summation, differential statics I Interlock ties: Spread correction: Datum-to-datum Applied to individual traces on replay sections Displacement: Worked for miscellaneous steep dips; straight line Time reference datum: +200 feet above sea level Weathering velocity, v o: 2500 feet per second - Elevation velocity, v e: 5500 feet per second Type replay cross sections prepared: Galvo-area Final data normally obtained from: Galvo-area replay sections Horizons and interval mapped:
- Near Top Saprolite I Time range:
Depth range: Velocity, v a: 205 to 390 milliseconds
-400 to -975 feet 6015, 6025, and variable feet per second Velocity formula: Partially based on Velocity Gradi-ent Map I Near Top Saprolite to Near Top Crystalline Rock Thickness range: 90 to 173 feet Near Top Crystalline Rock Time range: 187 to 492 milliseconds Depth range: -368 to -2245 feet I
~ Velocity, v a: Velocity formula: Variable feet per second Based on Velocity Gradient Map
asc 7-2s DEPTH DETERMINATION FOR CONTINUOUS PROFILING Using Normal Uphole Corrections x = 1 I y Si
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=
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APPENDIX VII a MATERIAL SUBMITTED SEPARATELY Base shotpoint tracing Sepias with data All records for the survey - monitor and playbacks Large hand-plotted cross sections Fbgnetic tapes Plane table sheets Surveyor's field notes Driller's reports Replay sections: I Galvo-area Films from which above sections were taken Calculation book containing: Calculation and interpretation methods I Velocity determinations Time-depth conversion tables Weathering graph sheets Fiducial correction calculations Dip calculations Small cross sections Observer's reports Shooter's reports E i ( l ll L
f REPORT ON SEISMOGRAPH SURVEYS CONDUCTED IN BARNWELL, AIKEN, AND ALLENDALE COUNTIES, SOUTH CAROLINA WR 860188 AXC-26715h SEISMIC SURVEY SAVANNAH RIVER PLANT BEDROCK WASTE STORAGE I FOR E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY, INC. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT [ l WILMINGTON, DELAWARE D4 SCLA 8ME N
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A _. y y Seismograph Service Corporation A wn oun u un w. wonn
- 3u P O. SOE 1990 TULSA. OELAMO.A l ?
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I f SSElEElS 1 Page I . INTRODUCTION 3 l ASSIGNMENTS 3 FIELD PROCEDURE 6 PROCESSING 8 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 11 General , 11 Detailed Discussion 13 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 27 APPENDICES
,I INDEX MAP 30 II PHYSIOGRAPHY 31 III GEOLOGY 32 IV OPERATION METHODS 33 V OPERATING STATISTICS 36 VI CALCULATION AND INTERPRETATION METHODS 37 VII MATERIAL SUBMITTED SEPARATELY 41 l
l f e _. _ O
f INTRODUCTION The Seismograph Service Corporation was subcontracted in September,1971, to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc. , Wil-mington, Delaware, to perform supplemental seismic work on the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission's Savannah River Plant in Barnwell, Aiken, and Allendale Counties, South Carolina. The purposes of this supplemental work were to obtain ad-ditional seisniic information regarding the attitude of the surface and bedrocks; to determine the position and outline of the Triassic Basin; and to determine the strike of faults suggested as cuttiing Line 1 by the previous field work conducted in March, 1971.
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This supplemental program was initiated under WR 860188, AXC-26715 Seismic Surveys. "'
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" an h and was conducted during the period from September 15 to October 23, 1971.
ASSIGNMENTS The third survey was primarily over the southern portion of the Savannah River Plant and consisted of eight additional lines covering about 53 miles of traverse. These lines are located as follows: I l b !I iI
t Line 6 (Shotpoints 501 to 560) Line 6 started with shotpoint 501 located adjacent to the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad about 2000 feet northwest of Robbins Station on the west side of the plant. The plant co-ordinates are approximately N-35,750 and E-28,400. The line proceeded northeast-ward paralleling the N - co-ordinate system, across the DRB-10 hole, intersecting Line 1 between Shotpoints 27 and 28, and terminated with Shotpoint 560 ' located slightly east of the E-80,000 co-ordinate. Line 7 (Shotpoints 626 to 583: 501-A; 561 to 582) Line 7 is on the west side of the plant and was laid out along the east side of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. Shotpoint 58; is at the sotitheasttrn end of this line near co-ordinates E-32,250, and N-17,000. At the northwestern end of Line 7 is Shot-point 626 near co-ordinates E-25,100 and N-73,750. This line also ties to the western extremity of Line 6 at Shotpoint 501. Shotpcint 577 was not shot because of its inaccessibility. Line 8 (Shotpoints 627 to 651, 652-L to 660-L, 657 to 665) Line 8 represents the eastern boundary of the survey and is located approximately 300 feet east and parallels the E-80,000 co-ordinate. It begins with Shotpoint 627 which is approximately on the N-60,000 co-ordinate and proceeds southeastward to Shotpoint 651 I 4%'u
I . t which is located at the edge of Par Pond. The series of Shotpoints 652-L through 660-L were shot across the lake. A gap of about 2600 feet separates Shotpoint 660-L (over the lake) and Shotpoint 657 I which furnishes a seismic tie to the eastern end of Line 6. Shot-point 665 lies at the southeastern extremity of Line 8 near co-ordinates E-80,000 and N-26,600. Line 9 (Shotpoints 547-A; 666 to 692) Line 9 takes off from Shotpoint 547-A on Line 6 near Dun-barton and proceeds southeasterly along Road B-6 to the plant bound-ary. Shotpoint 692 is located at the southeastern extremity of Line 9. Line 10 (Shotpoints 516-A; 716 to 736) Line 10 takes off from Shotpoint 516-A of Line 6 and pro-ceeds eastward along Road A-14, then southward on Road 9, and then southwestward along Road A-18 in order to tie to the P5R hole. Shotpoint 735 is located near this test hole. Line 1-Extension (Shotpoints 47-B; 693 to 715) Line 1-Extension is a southeastward extension of original Line 1 which is located along the E-60,000 co-ordinate. This exten-sion starts with Shotpoint 47-B and runs diagonally to the intersec-tion of Roads A-18 and A-18-2, then turns southward following Road 4%n
I . t A-18-2 beyond the plant boundary generally along the E-60,000 co-ordinate and terminates at Shotpoint 715 in the vicinity of N-00,000 I co-ordinate. Line 3-Extenston (Shotpoints 776 to 814) This line is a southeastward continuation of Line 3, with Shotpoint 776 located at the interlocking tail position of old Shot-point 300. This line intersects Line 6 slightly west of Shotpoint 540. Shotpoint 814 is located at the southeast terminus of the line near co-ordinates E-62,150 and N-27,350. Line 4-Extension (Shotpoints 737 to 775) This line is a southeastward extension of previous Line 4, with Shotpoint 737 located at the interlocking tail position of old Shotpoint 400. This line bends eastward from Shotpoints 756 to 760, then proceeds southeastward parallel to original Line 1. It crosses Line 6 near Shotpoint 535 and terminates with Shotpoint 775 located near co-ordinates E-57,750 and N-27,700. I FIELD PROCEDURE The seismic field crew maintained headquarters in Augusta, Georgia, and drove a distance of some 30 miles each way to and from the Savannah River Plant. The field equipment was inspected and field crew personnel were processed through employment, security,and } 4V
I . I \ l l t l safety orientation on September 14 and 15, 1971, and received identi-fication badges which permitted access of personnel and equipment on-to the Savannah River Plant. Field operations also commenced on Sep-tember 15, 1971. The seismic lines through the brush and timber were cut by the Engineering Department, Construction Division of du Pont. No line cutting was required along the roads and railroad. Permission was granted by the' Atlantic Coast Line Railroad to perform seismic opera-tions along the railroad right-of-way. For this third seismic survey, tractor mounted field' equip-ment was used because of its mobility and adaptability to the Savannah River Plant terruin. The same continuous profile technique as used on the second survey (straddle spreads covering 900-75-0-75-900 feet) was employed for this latter work. Ten HSJ-14 Hz geophones were used; however, they were spaced 10 feet instead of 5 feet apart across each station. The shotholes ranged in depth from 40 to 130 feet with the deeper holes generally required in areas of higher topography as the weathering seemed to thicken over the hills. The majority of the holes were shot at depths of 70 to 80 feet using a 1-pound charge of Nitramon or Primacord. ll ,I @
t The seismic data were recorded digitally using the same instruments as were employed on the second survey assignment. These were TI DFS-III digital Instrrrments from which " read-af ter-write" paper monitor records were made simultaneously and later used for weathering and normal uphole computations. PROCESSING ~ A normal uphole method was used to correct the reflection times to a common reference datum of +200 feet above sea level using an elevation velocity of 5500 feet per second. A summation method employing the first breaks was computed on Line 6. Ilowever, an IBM program was used in computing the individual trace statics for the replay sections. A diagram on page 9 illustrates the computational procedure. A depth of from 5 to 10 feet below the deepest shothole was selected as the reference plane for each line in these computa-tions. These corrections were checked against the hand computed nor-mal uphole corrections. The digital tapes were processed at the SSC Digital Replay Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma, where preliminary galvo-area sections were prepared after applying static and normal moveout corrections. The same 25-J5-65-80 IIz filter as used on the second survey was applied to all the new lines. Ilowever, Line 7 was also processed with a time variant filter in an effort to improve the quality of some shallow I 4_5;;u
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I 9 Static Computation for Shot Hole and Individual Trace Corrections t X X ELEVATION n 7 __nWC VREF RP m RENCE PLANE [ l / VCOR v DATUM EC = DATUM - ELEVATION + DS VCOR TC = DATUM - ELEVATION + RP VCOR I VREF = RP 'gg RP - DS VCOR
+ UPHOLE WC =
VREF i STATIC = EC + TC + WC REFERENCE PLANE = 5 TO 10 FEET BELOW I DEEPEST SHOTHOLE iI> I
f data. From these preliminary sections, time values were picked, correlations made, and fiducial statics were taken for later use in preparation of the final galvo-area sections. Both the map-I ping events and many other miscellaneous dips were colored on the final galvo-area digital replay sections. The time values taken from the preliminary replay sec-tions were used in preparing the small preliminary work sections contained in tite calculation book. In addition, these time values were converted to depth and both time and depth values were hand plotted on large scale cross sections. Also the miscellaneous steep dips were calculated and migrated to their proper two-di-mensional location on these sections. c- =
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In an effort to obtain seismic data across the Par Pond on Line 8 some special geophone cables with 10 hydrophone stations spaced 60 feet apart, using 5 hydrophones per station, 10 feet apart, on a straddle spread (300-60-0-60-300 feet) were prepared I and these were towed by an AEC boat. The hydrophones were 9 feet below the water surface and the energy source was Primacord det-onated at the bottom of the lake. Shotpoints 652-L through 660-L were shot over the lake but the results were not very satisfactory. T l C. - I
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f In addition to the regular filter used, this portion of Line 8 was processed with a 15-30-110-150 Hz filter because of the high fre-quency indicated by the monitor records. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS - gn ral Three subsurface structural maps, one isopach map, and one velocity gradient map are presented with this report. They are des-ignated as: Structural Near Top Saprolite Near Top Triassic Near Top Crystalline Rock Isopach Near Top Saprolite to Near Top Crystalline Rock Velocity Gradient Map Near Top Crystalline Rock and Near Top Saprolite In general the record quality is fair over the northern portion of Lines 7, 8, 3-Extension, and 4-Extension but deteriorates I as these lines approach the intersection with Line 6. The record ( quality is very poor on parts of Lines 6, 9,10, and 1-Extension; however, the quality improves on Line 1-Extension south of shotpoint i 710. Quite a number of holes were reshot at different hole depths in these poor record areas to seek an improvement in the data quality. Not all but some of these reshoots were successful. 9 6. i dU
f The data from the two previous surveys are incorporated with that of the third survey and some minor depth changes have been made in the Near Top Crystalline Rock and Near Top Saprolite data on I Lines 1, 3, and 4 resulting from a change in the Velocity Gradient Map to obtain a more precise tie to the Tuscaloosa (Cretaceous) mark-er in the DRB-9 hole. The second survey which tied to a number of test holes in-dicated the presence of an areal velocity gradient to the Crystalline Rock. From this third survey some additional seismic information to the Near Top Crystalline Rock and Near Top Saprolite were obtained at the north end of Lines 7 and 8. Without any well ties, the precise velocities in these areas are indeterminate. Consequently, the aver-age velocities applied to these horizons are only estimated values. The average velocities applied to the northern part of Lines 3-Exten-i sion and 4-Extension are based on the attitude of the velocity gradi- ! ent map which is also lacking for lateral control. A constant aver-1I age velocity of 5875 feet per second was applied to the Near Top Saprolite event on Lines 1, 3-Extension, 4-Extension, 7, and 8 in the area south of the major Crystalline Rock fault trace. This ve-locity is based on the tie to the Tuscaloosa marker (-603 feet) in l l the DRB-9 hole. Also a constant average velocity of 6025 feet per l l 5 second was used in the Near Top Triassic time-to-depth conversions
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E which gave satisfactory seismic ties at both the DRB-10 and PSR holes. A two-way time versus velocity plot was made from the DRB-10 hole velocity information. A reduction of 200 feet per I second was made in the average velocities shown by this curve to obtain the velocities to the various miscellaneous reflections below the Top Triassic. Reduced prints of the three structural, isopach, and velocity gradient maps are submitted as pages 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of this report. Detailed Discussion Near Top Saprolite I The seismic event mapped over the northern portion of the Savannah River Plant is designated as Near Top Saprolite but appears to originate from a Cretaceous (Tuscaloosa) sandstone slightly above the Saprolite as indicated by,the 3-D Velocity Log run in the DRB-8 hole and as indicated by the synthetic seismo-gram prepared from the 3-D Velocity Log run in the DRB-9 hole. The contour interpreta:icn exhibits mild south dip at a rate of approximately 3' 'eet per mile. Superimposed on the re-gional dip are several irregular anticlinal nosings generally plunging southward. One such nosing is shown at the north end of Line 4. S I 49;'u
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3 The data from both Lines 7 ar.c 8 are not seismically tied at this level; consequently, the correlations shown could be in error. The trace of the major fault that cuts the Crystalline Rock and strikes north of the DRB-9 hole is shown on this map as a disturb-ed zone. Although this horizon may not actually be faulted, minor disturbances in continuity across this zone are noted on several lines. A minor fault, downthrown to the southeast, strikes between Shotpoints 608 and 609 on'Line 7. Approximately 50 feet of displacement is indi-cated at this level. The data at this level terminate at a zone of discoritinuity south of Shotpoint 646 on Line 8, Shotpoint 787 on Line 3-Extension, Shotpoint 12 on Line 1, shotpoint 750 on Line 4-Extension, and Shot-point 593 on Line 7. This zone may represent Triassic faulting as discussed later, but does mark a line of facies change in the Cre-taceous as demonstrated by the absence of the reflecting horizon in the log of the DRB-10 borehole to the south. I Near Top Triassic The seismic event designated as Near Top Triassic is mapped throughout the southern portion of the Savannah River Plant and as far north as the southern limit of the Near Top Saprolite map. This shallower event appears to obscure the Triassic reflection because the Triassic formation extends farther north (as evidenced by 1590 feet of Triassic strata penetrated by the DRB-9 hole) and truncates the
I - l Crystalline Rock in the vicinity of the major fault immediately north of the DRB-9 hole. The continuity and quality of this event is very poor over much of the southern area. Some of these zones where loss of continuity occurs have been interpreted as faulting. All the faults appear to be minor normal faults and generally ex-hibit a displacement of 100 feet or less. Faults A short general description of each of the faults encoun-tered at the Near Top Triassic level follows: The northern limit of the Near Top Triassic seismic data is bounded by a possible minor fault, downthrown to the northwest, cut' ting Line 7 from 300 to 450 feet south of Shotpoint 593; Line 4-I Extension from 100 to 400 feet south of Shotpoint 750; Line 1 from 50 feet south to 300 feet north of Shotpoint 13; and Line 3-Exten-sion from 100 to 300 feet south of Shotpoint 787. The fault either truncates the major fault to the northeast or. changes strike to cut Line 8 between Shotpoints 646 and 647. The fault cutting Line 8 also could be a different fault with a different strike than that which is shown. The decision for the direction of the throw on this possible fault is based on the interval of 136 feet between the Tus-caloosa (-603 feet) and Top Triassic (-739 feet) in the DRB-9 hole. If this interval thickness is added to the Near Top Saprolite depths I2 I w7c)
I . E to project Top Triassic depths across the fault, these values would imply a minor displacement to the northwest of approximately 30 feet. This line of demarkation may not, however, represent fault-ing, but rather only an abrupt southerly termi.ocion of the Cretace-ous reflector. The projected interval between the Cretaceous and Triassic reflection events is such that energy representing the Tri-assic surface would appear approximately one cycle af ter the Cretace-ous, when the latter is present. Thus this Triassic energy would be effectively obscured and coalesced with the Cretaceous generated I energy. The mechanics of such abrupt facies termination still sug-gest, however, fault controlled genesis. A few steeply dipping and diffracted events observed on the time sections are calculated to emanate from near or within this zone of discontinuity, further sub-stantiating the presence of faulting along this lineament. The small fault, downthrown to the south with about 30 feet of displacement, cutting Line 1 about 200 to 400 feet south of ! Shotpoint 30 possibly extends eastward across Line 3-Extension be-tween Shotpoints 812 and 813. It appears to be dieing-out towards the west as evidence is very weak where it possibly crosses Line 6 between Shotpoints 535 and 536 and Line 4-Extension between Shot-points 765 and 766. I m$u Q
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. The fault, upthrown to the south, previously interpreted as striking midway between Shotpoints 40 and 41 on Line 1 exhibits 60 feet of displacement and may extend eastward to cut Line 9 between Shotpoints 687 and 688. This fault possibly extends westward to cut Line 10 between Shotpoints 721 and 722. The fault evidence is weak on Line 10 as the record quality is very questionable from Shotpoints 716 to 722. No evidence of this fault cutting either Line 6 or Line 7 is detected.
Another fault, upthrown to the south with possibly 50 feet of displacement appears to cut Line 1 between Shotpoints 48 and 49 and Line 1-Extension between Shotpoints 693 and 694 The eastward as well as the westward trace of this fault is uncertain because of lack of seismic control. The westward trace has been inferred as striking between Shotpoints 735 and 734 on Line 10. Two additional faults, both downthrown to the south, are interpreted as cutting Line 1-Extension between Shotpoints 703 and 704 and between Shotpoints 708 and 709. The displacement on these faults appear to be slightly in excess of 100 feet. The evidence
. for these two faults is considered fair to good. Because of the single line control the strike of these faults is uncertain; how-ever, the northernmost fault has been implied as striking westward to cut Line 7 between Shotpoints 576 and 577.
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l Another fault, downthrown to the south, appears to cut Line 9 between Shotpoints 671 and 672. Slightly more than 100 feet of displacement is shown. This fault may strike northeasterly I across Line 8 between Shotpoints 662 and 663, although the fault evidence across Line 8 is not conclusive. I Structure The structural behavior as revealed by the contour inter-pretation of the Near Top Triassic map shows gentle southeastward undulating dip at an approximate rate of 50 feet per mile. This regional trend is interrupted by the faulting as previously de-scribed. A gap in the data exists north of the intersection of Line 6 with Line 8. This gap represents part of the area across Par Pond. The quality of the data over the lake is not considered very reliable. If the correlation as shown is correct, either a broad anticlinal nose or possible fault closure exists between Line 8 and Line 3-Extension. The strike of the fault that cuts Line 8 between Shotpoints 646 and 647 is uncertain. The regional southeast plunge appears to terminate into a synclinal zone that extends eastward from Shotpoint 720 (Line 10) along the downthrown side of the fault cutting Line 1 between Shot-l l points 40 and 41. \ . l l h
l l I f Sou"4 of this synclinal area, a horst block appear to be present with higher Triassic structure indicated thereon, although the seismic control is sparse and does not adequately define the structural attitude. The data from Shotpoints 41 to 45 on Line 1 are considered reliable. Shotpoints 724 to 731 on Li.e 10 exhibit some of the better data obtained in the sout.hern area. The quality of the data south of Shotpoint 50 on Line 1 as well as from Shot-points 694 to 703 on Line 1-Extension is considered weak. The deepest Near Top Triassic data were recorded at the extreme southeast end of Line 1-Extension. Shotpoint 715 appears to be approximately 235 feet lower at the Top Triassic than at the DRB-10 hole near Shotpoint 27 on Line 1. A flattening or possible nosing may be contouted around Shotpoints 710 and 711 in the dcwn-thrown block of the fault striking between Shotpoints 708 and 709. Near Top Crystalline Rock Very little additional Crystalline Rock data were gained from this third survey assignment to add to the data shown in the northern portion of the Savannah River Plant obtained from the pre-vious assignment. The most important detail developed by this new control is probably the location of a major fault, downthrown to the south-east, which strikes between Shotpoints 603 and 604 on Line 7; be-tween Shotpoints 740 and 741 on Line 4-Extension; between Shotpoints
- 3 I
4%):
I . I I 5 and 4 (original Line 1); between Shotpoints 781 and.782 on Line 3-Extension; and between Shotpoints 634 and 635 on Line 8. This fault may bifurcate before reaching Line 8 so that a second fault may strike between Shotpoints 635 and 636. Less than a mile north of this major fault, a minor fault, also downthrown to the southeast with approximately 50 to 70 feet of displacement, cuts Line 4 between Shotpoints 400 and 737 and probably extends westwa'rd to cut Line 7 between Shotpoints 608 and 609. This fault appears to die-out between Lines 4 and 1. The Crystalline Rock I data appear to steepen in this downthrown block as it approach'es the major fault. Some weak evidence of a very minor fracture or small fault, downthrown to the northwest, is present between Shotpoints 619 and 620 on Line 7. If this fault exists, it appears to be dieing-out towards the east because of the small amount of displacement. The Crystalline Rock data at the north end of Lines 7 and 8 were converted to depth with estimated average velocities of 6100 ft/see and 5900 ft/sec, respectively, based on the general attitude shown 1y the velocity gradient map. The Crystalline Rock reflection from these two lines is not tied seismically to that event mapped in the north-central part of the plant area. l $ e
%p
I No Crystalline Rock data are available south of the major fault. A very steep miscellaneous dip '.ocated north of the DRB-9 hole on Line 1 appears to dip in such a manner as to tie to the Crys-stalline Rock (-2328 feet) in this hole. Only miscellaneous dips at various levels were recorded. Reflection continuity across no more than one or two spreads can be seen on the replay sections. The rea-son for the absence of a Crystalline Rock reflection is believed to be the presence of the intervening hard Triassic strata whose density and velocity approaches that of the Crystalline Rock so that there is not a sufficient velocity contrast between the two interfaces to pro-duce a continuous reflecting event. The velocities provided by the 3-D Velocity Log in the DRB-10 hole which bottomed at -3955 feet af ter penetrating more than 3000 feet of Triassic section show interval velocities of 18,600 feet per second in the bottom part of the hole as compared to an interval velocity of 19,600 feet per second measured i through more than 900 feet of Crystalline Rock at the DRB-8 hole. Isopach Map: Near Top Saprolite to Near Top Crystalline Rock The thickness of the sedimentary section be: ween the Near Top Saprolite and Near Top Crystalline Rock horizons is depicted by i the isopach map submitted with this report. Very little additional control on this interval thickness is supplied at the north end of 1 I 49
t the supplemental lines. The uncertainty of the correlations on Lines 7 and 8 may render these data suspect. These data do indi-cate a general southward thickening. Velocity Gradient Map . The Velocity Gradient Map depicts the variable average velocities applied to the Near Top Saprolite and Near Top Crystal-line Rock reflections in the northern part of the survey. A minor change of the average velocity gradint of the second survey report was made at the south end in which the gradi-ent lines were shifted westward to accommodate a more precise tie at the DRB-9 hole to the Tuscaloosa (-603 feet) or Near Top Sapro-lite map. However, there is no lateral well control to determine the accuracy in the spacing of the contours as shown. Consequently, a constant average velocity of 5875 feet per second was applied to the Near Top Saprolite event south of the trace of the major Crystal-line Rock fault as well as all Saprolite data on both Lines 7 and 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The results of the third seismic survey provided a consid-erable amount of structural information on the attitude of the Top Triassic formation across the southern portion of the Sav'annah River Plant. In general, the south to southeast regional trend is inter-rupted by several minor faults. Two possible basins separated by a
I horst are suggested by the data. One basin may be depicted by the syncline striking through Shotpoint.720 on Line 10 and the other appears to be south of the plant boundary as indicated by the deep-er data recorded at the extreme southern end of Line 1-Extension. Very little additional control was obtained at the Near Top Saprolite and Near Top Crystalline Rock levels. However, the major fault at the Crystalline Rock level that was previously in-terpreted as cutting Line 1 north of the DRB-9 hole appears to have been fairly well defined on Lines 7, 4-Extension, 3-Extension, and
- 8. No Crystalline Rock data were obtained south of this fault as only sporadic miscellaneous dips are observed on the replay sec-tions. Insufficient velocity contrast between the Base Triassic and Top Crystalline Rock interface fails to produce a mappable re-flection.
The inability to map the Top Crystalline Rock in the southern portion of the Savannah River Plant with the seismic pro-gram prevents mapping the thickness of the triassic formation and
I thereby detecting the position of a Triassic basin. A preliminary analog gravity analysis was made by the Birdwell Division of SSC and the results of this study indicate that a gravity survey may offer some additional information on the possible faulting as well as the structural attitude of the Crystalline Rock. Respectfully submitted, SEISMOGRAPH SERVICE CORPORATION By: W. E. McFarland, Party Chief hY MW By: [.G./ Jackson, Supervisor
/ho January 14, 1972 Approved by:
t
= :O &k. [
l .
- a. S. rinn, vice eresident 2233-1 ET lI r@u
a _ _ ,. _ . - -3 - - ' APPENDIX I INDEX MAP OF SOUTH CAROLINA I I I T-- I I I I _ I I I I e u .... , _ .. I I .
I . E APPENDIX II I PHYSIOGRAPHY Topography: Rolling plains Population: Unpopulated I Culture: Brushland, timber; U. S. Atomic Energy Commission's Savannah River Plant Drainage: Well drained in a southeasterly direction, furnished by streams tributary to thm Savannah River Soil: Brown, clay, sandy Weather: I Roads: Ger.erally fair, some rain Plentiful Access to area from headquarters: Via U. S. Highway No. 78 and South Carolina Highway t;o.125, an aver-age distance of about 30 miles from headquarters Traverse difficulties: Caused by: mud, swamps, drainage channels, timber IG I s I 4Qn 5
, APPENDIX III I
GEOLCOY Near-surface formation: Barnwell formation of Jackson group of Eocene age Subsurface log: DRB-9 (near Shotpoint 56) Dry hole Elevation: 302 ft. K. B. Tuscaloosa (?) clay -603 Top Triassic -739 Hard Triassic -766 Crystalline Rock -2328 T.D. 2701 ft. Major unconformities: Between Eocene and Cretaceous Between Cretaceous and Triassic Between Triassic and Cambrian Regional dip: Approximately southeast Type structures expected: Folded structures: domes, anti-clines; fault traps, stratigraphic traps Well control: Tied to 12 wells or dry holes in area of prospect l 1 41;'n
- 3 3-APPENDIX IV i
E l OPERATION METHODS Method used: Cont 1nuous profiling Spreads used: Straddle Normal length: 900 feet, between shotpoints Distance from shothole to close geophone stations: - 75 feet Number of geophone stations adjacent to hole: 2 Relation of far geophone stations to interlocking shotholes: At hole (Mophmtes used: HSJ 14 Hz Number per trace: 10 Connection: Series Spacing in group: I Arrangement in group: 10 feet Straddling station, in line Instrumentation: l Type amplifiers: TI DFS-III p Number of channels: 24 Filter settings: I Monitor and tape: 27 to 248 Hz at 70.7*/. amplitude response Replay playback: 25-35-65-80 Hz on all lines Replay playback: Time Variant on Line 7 15-30-75-90 Hz 0 to .350 Sec. 15-30-65-80 Hz .350 to .500 Sec. 10-20-60-70 Hz .500 to 3.000 Sec. Replay playback: I 15-30-110-150 Hz on Line 8 across Par Pond Type mixing: Top record usually unmixed Type camera: 24 trace e d I w$u
I .
- 3 4-APPENDIX IV (Contd.)
I OPERATION METitODS (Contd.) Shothole data: I Type drilling: Special equipment used: Tractor mounted equipment: Rotary Portable pits Drilling, recording, shooting I Shothole depths: Normal: Range: 70 to 80 feet 40 to 130 feet, holes cemented Number of holes used per location: 1 Formations encountered: Sand, gravel, clay Best shooting depth: 40 to 70 feet, varies with topography Dynamite charges: Normal: 1 pound of Nitramon or Primacord, holes preloaded I Elevation survey: Based on USGS bench marks. All seismic locations on closed eleva-tion traverses tied within maximum limits of seismic accuracy. Operational difficulties: Traverse difficulties, caving holes, inaccessibility of prospect I e I I g s@@i
I 1 <l 1 i r I a taue ~ s t4 n .. 1 2 1 2 o. t 9 T N s.. i E t M i. E s G i. N s A i. R . @o9 13y g R o t . A . t n o s E s ee i L i.
. Tto t. g O g D ri l
etSn I N e t r s rrci I E doe nhbvpp eea T G USma urs S t
- i. E O . eg I
I L toi nNTee nn S l nn f oo D o iio t ohh oi e p p N s .. h ojt n oo dai ee A SASLGG t e N O I e . T . A 1 T . S . 6 5 4 3 2 . 1e O E y e, R. A 6 4 8 T C S S
I . APPEhTIX V E OPERATING STATISTICS Basic crew: I Crew headquarters: Starting date: Completion date: Augusta, Georgia September 15, 1971 October 23, 1971 I Working hours: Number of profiles shot: Number of holes shot: 270.3 (on plant site) 712 356 Linear miles covered: 53 Dynamite used: 366 pounds Type: Nitramon and Primacord Number of caps used: 259 and 115 Normal length leads: 150 feet and 100 feet Drilling: Number of drills used: I Extra drill hours: Number of holes drilled: 2 225.5 cementing or grouting holes 351 Total footage drilled: 28,551 feet Average length water hauls: Less than hour per round trip I I g I lI wfe'n
I .
- 3 7-APPENDIX VI E
CALCULATION AND INTERPRETATION METHODS Record quality: Good, fair, poor; medium frequency, I high frequency. Record quality deteriorated when weathering thick-ened over high topography. Type correction used for final data: - Normal uphole Other corrections calculated: Summation on Line 6 only Spread correction: Used; applied to individual traces on replay sections Displacement: Worked for miscellaneous steep dips; straight line Time reference datum: +200 feet above sea level Weathering velocity, v o: 2500 feet per second Elevation velocity, v e: 5500 feet per second Type replay cross sections prepared: Galvo-area Final data normally obtained from: Galvo-area replay sections I
- I' lI
,I I
#_c',u l
APPENDIX VI (Contd.) I CALCULATION AnD INTERPRETATION METHODS (Contd. ) Horizons and interval mapped: Near Top Saprolite Time range: 205 to 333 milliseconds Depth range: -400 to -778 feet I Velocity, v a: Velocity formula: - Variable feet per second Partially based on Velocity Gradient Map Near Top Saprolite to Near Top Crystalline Rock Thickness range: 90 to 284 feet, based on differ-ence in calculated depths Near Top Triassic Time range: 322 to 452 milliseconds Depth range: -770 to -1162 feet Velocity, v a: 6025 feet per second Velocity formula: Based on ties to DRB-10 and P5R holes Near Top Crystalline Rock Time range: 187 to 376 milliseconds Depth range: -368 to -952 feet Velocity, v a: Variable feet per second Velocity formula: Partially based on Velocity Gradient Map I G ll l agu
SSC T-2B
- DEPTH DETERMINATION FOR CONTINUOUS PROFILING Using Normal Uphole Corrections I
x = G St {t _2 G3 S2 p Gn-2 Gn-1 Surface dW d s, g p ,, , V '' -ds 2Base of Low Velocity
~ ~ ~ ~
p .- ve I des i~l' o degt , , o d[2 ED s va Z " 1 T1 , rn i ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '
, , , , , , , , , Reflecting Layer I LEGEND S = Shotpoint Location te - de/ve G =
Geophone Location te - de/vo x - Surface Distence l .g, . Elevation of Shotpoint os - Depth of Charge de . Thickness of Low Velocity Layer Eg - Elevation of Geophone ts = Uphole Time Em . 6 (Es + Eg) ED - Elevation or Reference Datum E[n = Em-ds = i (Ej + Ej) 2 - Depth below ED E s
=
Es-ds tr - Recorded Reflection Time gg . gg _o, te - Corrected Reflection Time tx
- Es-ED I Normal Moveaut Correction es vo . Average Velocity in Low Velocity Layer deg
- Eg -ED ve - Elevation Correction Velocity x2 va -
Average Velocity to Reflecting Horizon tx
- 2v e rte tc i =
trg- usg e g g-Is g t = Cn trn -te st-te9n-IS2 tri-1/ve(EE-ED)-tsi Zn = iva (ten-txn} Zg . i va tc g
I - 4 0-
~
SSC T.142 1 I STEEP DIP CALCULATIONS Using straight line assumption I x -l
~ 5d H 5 9 6 -
Surface g I s I l I l o\' 2 er = angle of dip, Mth horizonta! C angle of crnergence, with normal to bed ES 3,( &gs angics of incidence and reficchion y/ rd a displacement distance SP xd
***"SR, i v. t. ,, = t, sin e A d"YYe '. C0 5 8
- = }v.t. sin 6 sin c= =
a = 90 * - e SR, iv t. t. Three Dimensional Plan Y 9, - 9 , ">
'#9 k
l Line of Profile A0
/
y
/ 5 xd, p,
/
O g xg cos E # di a t = d at,2 , 3,7 2 7 ton 4 = d = = g Xg, Co s 6, Oi, N
O s .
- 4 1-APPENDIX VII f
MATERIAL SUBMITTED SEPARATELY Base shotpoint tracing I Sepias with data All monitor (read-after-write) records for the survey Preliminary replay sections I Large hand-plotted cross sections Digital tapes Plane table sheets Surveyor's field notes Driller's reports Replay sections: Galvo-area I Films from which above sections were taken Calculation book containing: Calculation and interpretation methods Velocity determinations Time-depth conversion tables Weachering graph sheets Dip calculations Small cross sections NMO chart Surveyor's reports Observer's reports Shooter's reports I I . I I I I qs
DOCUV ENT .
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