ML20053D432
| ML20053D432 | |
| Person / Time | |
|---|---|
| Site: | Satsop |
| Issue date: | 05/25/1982 |
| From: | WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM |
| To: | |
| Shared Package | |
| ML20053D420 | List: |
| References | |
| ENVR-820525, NUDOCS 8206040428 | |
| Download: ML20053D432 (650) | |
Text
1 SUPPLY SYSTEM NUCLEAR PROJECT NO. 3 E NVIRO NME NTAL REPORT OPERATING LICENSE STAGE DOCKET NO. 50-508 WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM RICHLAND, WASHINGTON 99352 S88%88!*a888!!e PDR C
k . . _ _ . _ . . . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
WNP-3 ER-OL
, TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Title Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0-1 2 THE SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFACES 2.1-1 2.1 Geography and Demograpny 2.1-1 2.1.1 Site Location and Description 2.1-1 2.1.2 Population Distribution 2.1-1 2.1.3 Uses of Adjacent Lands and Waters 2.1-5 2.2 . Ecology 2.2-1 2.2.1 Terrestrial Ecology 2.2-1 2.2.2 Aquatic Ecology 2.2-7 2.3 Meteorology 2.3-1 2.3.1 Regional Climatology 2.3-1 2.3.2 Local Meteorology 2.3-1 2.3.3 Topography 2.3-4 2.4 Hydrology 2.4-1 2.4.1 Surface 2.4-1 2.4.2 Groundwater 2.4-6 2.5 Geology 2.5-1 2.6 Historic and Prehistoric Resources 2.6-1 pg/
y 2.7 Noise 2.7-1 3 THE STATION 3.1-1 3.1 External Appearance 3.1-1 3.2 Reactor and Steam Electric System 3.2-1 3.3 Station Water Use 3.3-1 '
3.4 Heat Dissipation System 3.4-1 3.4.1 Circulating Cooling Water System 3.4-1 3.4.2 Cooling Towers 3.4-2 3.4.3 Supplemental Cooling System 3.4-3 3.4.4 Blowdown Diffuser 3.4-3 3.4.5 Makeup Water Intake 3.4-4 4 3.5 Radwaste Systems and Source Tenn 3.5-1 i' 3.5.1 Source Term 3.5-1 3.5.2 Liquid Radwaste System 3.5-4 3.5.3 Gaseous Radwaste System 3.5-8 3.5.4 Solid Waste System 3.5-11 3.5.5 Process and Effluent Radiological Monitoriag 3.5-13 3.6 Chemical and Biocide Systems 3.6-1 3.6.1 Makeup Demineralizer System 3.6-1 3.6.2 Condensate Demineralizer System 3.6-1 3.6.3 Corrosion Control 3.6-2 3.6.4 Biocide Control 3.6-2 3.6.5 Scaling Control 3.6-3
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WNP-3 ER-OL 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd.)
Section _T_itl e Page 3.6.6 Low-Volume Waste Treatment 3.6-3 3.6.7 Miscellaneous Chemicals Released 3.6-3 3.7 Sanitary and Other Waste Systems 3.7-1 3.7.1 Sanitary Waste Treatment 3.7-1 3.7.2 Emergency Diesel Engines Exhaust 3.7-2 3.8 Reporting of Radioactive Material Movement 3.8-1 3.9 Transmission Facilities 3.9-1 3.9.1 Transmission Line Description 3.9-1 3.9.2 Environmental Parameters 3.9-2 4 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF SITE PREPARATION 4.0-1 5 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF STATION OPERATION 5.1-1 5.1 Effects of Operation of Heat Dissipation System 5.1-1 5.1.1 Effluent Limitations and Water Quality Standards 5.1-1 5.1.2 Physical Effects 5.1-1 5.1.3 Biological Effects 5.1-2 5.1.4 Atmospheric Effects 5.1-6 5.2 Radiological Inpact of Routine Operation 5.2-1 5.2.1 Exposure Pathways 5.2-1 5.2.2 Radioactivity in the Environment 5.2-2 5.2.3 Dose Rate for Biota Other Than Man 5.2-2 5.2.4 Dose Rate Estimate for Man 5.2-3 5.2.5 Sumary of Annual Radiation Doses 5.2-4 5.3 Effects of Liquid Chemical and Biocidal Discharges 5.3-1 5.3.1 Copper 5.3-1 5.3.2 Nickel 5.3-4 5.3.3 Chlorine 5.3-4 5.3.4 Sulfates 5.3-4 5.4 Effects of Sanitary Waste Discharges 5.4-1 5.5 Effects of Operation and Maintenance of the Transmission System 5.5-1 5.6 Other Effects 5.6-1 5.7 Resources Committed 5.7-1 5.8 Decommissioning and Dismantling 5.8-1 5.8.1 Site Ownership Considerations 5.8-1 5.8.2 Decommissioning Options 5.8-1 5.8.3 Decommissioning Program 5.8-3 5.8.4 Costs of Decommissioning 5.8-4
- 5. 8.5 Environmental Impacts of Decommissionir.g 5.8-4 ii
WNP-3 ER-OL O
_ Q TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd.)
Section Title Page 6 EFFLUENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1-1 6.1 Preoperational Environmental Program 6.1-1 6.1.1 Surf ace Water 6.1-1 6.1.2 Groundwater 6.1-6 6.1.3 Air 6.1-7 6.1.4 Land 6.1-14 6.1.5 Radiological Environmental Monitoring 6.1-19 6.2 Operational Environmental Program 6.2-1 6.2.1 Water Quality 6.2-1 6.2.2 Aquatic Environment 6.2-1 6.2.3 Meteorological 6.2-1 6.2.4 Land 6.2-1 6.2.5 Radiological 6.2-2 6.3 Related Environmental Measurement and Monitoring Programs 6.3-1 7 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTS 7.1-1 7.1 Station Accidents Involving Radioactivity 7.1-1 7.1.1 Trivial Incidents 7.1-2 7.1.2 Small Releases Outside Containment 7.1-2 7.1.3 Radwaste System Failure 7.1-2 7.1.4 Fission Products to BWR Primary System 7.1-4 7.1.5 Fission Products to PWR Primary and Secondary System 7.1-4 7.1.6 Refueling Accidents 7.1-6 7.1.7 Spent Fuel Handling Accidents 7.1-8 7.1.8 Accident Initiation Events Considered in Design Basis Evaluation in the Safety Analysis Report 7.1-9 '
7.1.9 Accidents More Severe Than Design Basis Events 7.1-12 7.2 Station Accidents Involving Radioactivity 7.2-1 7.3 Other Accidents 7.3-1
, 7.3.1 Sodium Hypochlorite 7.3-1 7.3.2 Diesel Oil 7.3-1 7.3.3 Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide 7.3-1 7.3.4 Bulk Gases 7.3-1 7.3.5 Aqua Ammonia 7.3-2 i
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i WNP-3 l ER-OL
', TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd.)
Section Title Pace 8 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS OF STATION OPERATION 8.1-1 8.1 Benefits of Operation 8.1-1 8.1.1 Employment and Income Benefits 8.1-1 8.1.2 Regional Benefits of an Adequate Energy Supply 8.1-2 8.2 Costs of Operation 8.2-1 8.2.1 Internal Costs 8.2-1 8.2.2 External Costs 8.2-2 9 ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES AND SITES 9.0-1 10 STATION DESIGN ALTERNATIVES 10.0-1 11 BENEFIT-COST
SUMMARY
11.1-1 11.1 Benefits 11.1-1 11.2 Costs 11.2-1 12 ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVALS AND CONSULTATION 12.0-1 App A WATER QUALITY CERTIFICATION AND NATIONAL A-1 POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM PERMIT App B RADIOLOGICAL DOSE CALCULATION PARAMETERS B-1 iv e
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( LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title 2.1-1 Distances to Restricted Area Boundary 2.1-2 Population Within 50 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-3 Public Facilities Within 10 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-4 Timber Production Employees Within 10 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-5 Estimated Number of Peak Fishermen Within 10 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-6 Recreational Facilities Within 10 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-7 Mobile Home Parks and Spaces Within 10 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-8 Distance From WNP-3 to Points of Interest 2.1-9 Agricultural Production Within 50 Miles of .WNP-3 2.1-10 Annual Commercial Fishery Catch In Waters Contiguous to WNP-3 2.1-11 Game Harvest Wi.hin 50 Miles of WNP-3 2.1-12 Groundwater Users Within Two Miles of WNP-3 2.1-13 Major Municipal Water Supply Systems Within 20 Miles of WNP-3 2.2-1 Plants Found Near WNP-3 2.2-2 Mammals Found Near WNP-3 2.2-3 Number and Relative Abundance of Small Mammals
-) Collected Near WNP-3, 1978
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2.2-4 Amphibians and Reptiles Which Occur in Grays Harbor County 2.2-5 Fish Species Sampled in Chehalis and Satsop Rivers, 1977-1979 2.2-6 Potential Spawning Areas for Site Streams 2.3-1 Monthly and Annual Temperatures In the Site Vicinity 2.3-2a&b Annual Frequency Distribution of Temperature Vs. Time of Day,10-Meter Level and 60-Meter Level 2.3-3 Mean Dew Point and Relative Humidity Values for Olympia and WNP-3 Site 2.3-4 Annual Frequency Distribution of Dew Point Temperature Vs. Time of Day, 60-Meter Level 2.3-5 Annual Frequency Distribution of Wet Bulb Temperature r Vs. Time of Day, 60-Meter Level l 2.3-6 Mean Temperatures and Relative Humidities for Olympia and WNP-3 Site, October 1979 - September 1980 2.3-7a-1 Composite Monthly Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Vs. Direction,10-Meter Level, January - December 2.3-8a&b Annual Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Vs.
Direction, 10-Meter Level, October 1979 - September 1980 and October 1980 - September 1981 A
V
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- LIST OF TABLES (contd.)
Table No. Title 2.3-9a&b Annual Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Vs.
Direction,10-Meter Level and 60-Meter Level 2.3-10 Annual Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Vs.
Direction for Olympia 2.3-11 Relationship Between Stability Classes and Temperature Change 2.3-12 Annual Frequency Distribution of Stability Class Vs.
Time of Day 2.3-13a-g Annual Frequency Distribution of Wind Speed Vs.
Direction for Stability Classes A-G 2.3-14 Mean Seasonal and Annual Mixing Heights for Seattle 2.3- 15 Monthly and Annual Precipitation in the Site Vicinity 2.3-16 Monthly Precipitation Data for WNP-3 Site and Elma, October 1979 - September 1980
- 2. 3-17 a-1 Composite Monthly Precipitation Wind Roses,10-Meter Level, January - December 2.3-18a&b Annual Precipitation Wind Roses,10-Meter Level and 60-Meter Level 2.3-19 Rainfall Rate Distributian at WNP-3 Site 2.4-1 Sur ary of Chehalis River Flows by Month 2.4-2 Estiraated Maximum Annual Flood Flow of the Chehalis River Near WNP-3 2.4-3 Characteristics of Streams at WNP-3 Site 2.4-4 Surf ace Water and Groundwater Quality Near WNP-3 Site 2.4-5 Sumary of Chehalis River Temperatures by Month 2.4-6 Chemical Analyses of Groundwater in the Chehalis River Basin 2.4-7 Makeup Water Quality 3.3-1 Plant Water Use 3.4-1 Cooling System Operating Parameters 3.4-2 Cooling Tower Design Parameters 3.5-1 Concentration in Principal Streams of the Reference PWR with U-Tube Steam Generators 3.5-2 Parameters Used to Describe the Reference PWR and WNP-3 3.5-3 Coolant Activities for Normal Operation Including Anticipated Operational Occurrences 3.5-4 Radionuclide Concentrations and Source Terms for the Fuel Pool System 3.5-5 Liquid Radwaste System Influent Streams vi e
WNP-3 ER-OL A
- LIST OF TABLES (contd.)
Table No. Title 3.5-6 Liquid Source Terms for Normal Operations 3.5-7 Assumptions and Parameters Used to C:lculate Releases of Radioactive Material in Liquid Effluents
- .5-8 Release Point Data 3.5-9 Gaseous Source Terms for Normal Operations Including Anticipated Operational Occurrences 3.5-10 Assumptions Used to Calculate Gaseous Radioactivity Releases 3.5-11 Solid Waste System Influent Streams 3.5-12 Solid Waste System Influents from Evaporator Bottoms 3.5-13 Solid Waste System Influents from Spent Resins 3.5-14 Solid Waste System Influents from Spent Filter Cartridges 3.5-15 Solid Waste System Influents from Secondary Particulate Filter Sludge 3.5 -16 Solid Waste System Effluent Volumes 3.5-17 Solid Waste System Effluents from Spent Resins 3.5-18 Solid Waste System Effluents from Filter Cartridges l 3.5-19 Solid Waste System Effluent from Precoat and Particulate O Slurries, Detergent Concentrate, and ICW Concentrate
, V 3.5-20 Radionuclide Process and Effluent Monitors 3.6-1 Water Quality Parameters - Intake and Discharge .
3.6-2 Water Treatment Additives 5.1-1 Predicted Dilution Zone Boundary Temperatures Vs. Water Quality Standard 5.1-2 Response of Periphyton and Phytoplankton in the Vicinity of WNP-3 to Temperature 5.1-3 Response of Aquatic Invertebrates in the Vicinity of WNP-3 to Temperature 5.1-4 Critical Temperatures for Selected Salmonids 5.1-5 Acceptable Physiological Limits for Representative Thermally Sensitive Species l 5.1-6 Frequency of Cooling Tower Plume Lengths Vs. Direction 5.2-1 Liquid Radionuclide Releases 5.2-2 Gaseous Radionuclide Releases 5.2-3 Average Annual Dispersion Factors (CHI /Q) 5.2-4 Average Annual Deposition Factors (D/Q) 5.2-5 Annual Dose to Biota from WNP-3 Liquid Effluents 5.2-6 Parameters to Calculate Mpximum Individual Dose from Liquid Effluents i
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WNP-3 ER-OL LIST OF TABLES (contd.)
Table No. Title 5.2-7 Parameters to Calculate Individual and Population Doses from Gaseous Effluents 5.2-8 Estimated Maximum Annual Dose to an Individual from WNP-3 5.2-9 Estimated Annual Population Doses from WNP-3 5.2-10 Total Body Doses from Typical Sources of Radiation 5.2-11 Sumary of Annual Doses 5.3-1 Potential Change in Chehalis River Water Quality Resulting from WNP-3 Discharges 5.3-2 Lethal Concentration of Copper and Zinc for Various Life Stages of Steelhead Trout and Chinook Salmon 6.1-1 Sumary of Water Quality Sampling Program, November 1979 - January 1981 6.1-2 Sumary of Metals Monitoring Program, 1980-1981 6.1-3 Sumary of Periphyton Studies, 1976-1980 6.1-4 Sumary of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Studies, 1976-1980 6.1-5 Sumary of Bulk Precipitation, Foliar Leachate, and Watershed Stream Analysis Methodologies 6.1-6 Cooling Tower Drif t Drop Size Distribution 6.1-7 Radiological Environmental Monitoring Program 7.1-1 Accident Classification 7.1-2 Core Inventory and Isotope Properties 7.1-3 Activity Released to the Environment by Accident Classes 3-7 7.1-4 Activity Released to the Environment by a Small Pipe Break Accident 7.1-5 Activity Released to the Environment by a large Pipe Break Accident 7.1-6 Activity Released to the Environment by a Control Ejection Accident 7.1-7 Activity Released to the Environment by a Steamline Break Accident 7.1-8 Sumary of Offsite Doses from Plant Accidents (Classes 3-8) 7.1-9 Rebaselined RSS PWR Accident Release Categories 7.3-1 Chemicals Stored Onsite 8.1-1 Annual Benefits Associated with Operation of WNP-3 viii
- =. . _ - . . - . - . . - _- -_. - . . . . - . .. . . = . . . . - . . - _ . . - . . - - - . - - . - . -
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j WNP-3 1 ER-OL l.
LIST OF TABLES (contd.)
l Table No. Title i 8.2-1 Estimated Costs Prior to Operation of WNP-3 8.2-2 Estimated Annual Cost of Operation of WNP-3 11.1-1 Benefits of Operating WNP-3 11.2-1 Costs of Operating WNP-3 12.0-1 Environmental Permits and Approvals Required for Construction and Operation of WNP-3 4
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1 WNP-3 ER-OL LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Title 2.1-1 Site Features 2.1-2 Local Topography 2.1-3 Project Area Map, 0-10 Miles 2.1-4 Project Area Map,10-50 Miles 2.1-5 Peak Hunting Activity in the Vicinity of WNP-3 2.1-6 Transient Population Generators, 0-10 Miles 2.1-7 Surf ace Water Users, 0-10 Miles 2.1-8 Groundwater Users Within 2 Miles 2.1-9 Groundwater Users, 0-10 Miles 2.2-1 Vegetation in the Site Area 2.2-2 Terrestrial Ecology Sampling Sites 2.2-3 Bird Survey Sites 2.2-4 Aquatic Ecology Sampling Areas 2.2-5 Freshwater Life Phases of Anadromous Fish in the Chehalis River 2.3-1 Terrain Height, 0-10 Miles 2.3-2 Terrain Height, 10-50 Miles 2.4-1 Chehalis River Basin 2.4-2 Hydrologic Features Near WNP-3 2.4-3 Low-Flow Curve for Chehalis River Downstream of Satsop Confluence 2.4-4 Frequency Curve of Momentary Peak Flows on Chehalis River at WNP-3 2.4-5 Bathymetry of Chehalis River Near WNP-3 Diffuser 2.4-6 Post-Construction Topography 2.4-7 Chehalis River Copper Concentration at WNP-3 Intake Area 2.4-8 Chehalis River Iron Concentration at WNP-3 Intake Area 2.4-9 Particle Size Class Distribution of Suspended Sediment in the Chehalis River Basin 2.4-10 Suspended Sediment vs. Discharge of Chehalis and Satsop Rivers 2.4-11 Post-Construction Piezometric Levels at WNP-3 2.4-12 Seasonal Variation of Chehalis River and WNP-3 Makeup Water Temperatures 3.1-1 Aerial View of Site from West 3.1-2 Profile View of Site from North 3.1-3 General Plant Layout 3.2-1 Schematic Diagram of Pressurized Water Reactor x
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WNP-3 ER-OL
_ C) LIST OF FIGURES (contd.)
Figure No. Title 3.3-1 Plant Water Flow Diagram 3.4-1 Schematic Diagram of Circulating Cooling Water System 3.4-2 Wet Natural-Draft Cooling Tower (Counterflow Type) 3.4-3 Natural-Draft Cooling Tower Performance Curve 3.4-4 Schematic Cross-Sections of Diffuser 3.4-5 Location of Intakes (Ranney Collectors) 3.4-6 Ranney Groundwater Collector 3.5-1 Fuel Pool Cooling and Clean-Up System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-2 Floor Drain System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-3 Detergent Waste System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-4 Inorganic Chemical Waste System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-5 Secondary High Purity Waste System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-6 Secondary Particulate Waste System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-7 Gaseous Waste Management System Block Flow Diagram 3.5-8 (2 shts) ' WNP-3 Gaseous Effluent Release Points 3.5-9 Solid Waste System Flow Diagram (g 3.9-1 Satsop Substation Integration 1
5.1-1 Blowdown Plume Isotherms in January with Two-Unit Operation .
5.1-2 Blowdown Plume Isotherms in August with Two-Unit Operation 5.1-3 Blowdown Plume Isotherms in August with One-Unit Operation 5.1-4 Predicted Cooling Tower Drift Deposition Pattern 5.2-1 Exposure Pathways for Organisms Other Than Man 5.2-2 Exposure Pathways to Man 5.3-1 Relationship' Between Hardness or Alkalinity and Copper Toxicity 5.3-2 Toxicity of Chlorine to Freshwater Organisms 6.1-1 Locations of Water Quality and Aquatic Ecology Sampling Stations 6.1-2 Radiological Environmental Sampling Locations 7.1-1 Block Diagram of Severe Accident Consequence Model 7.1-2 Probability Vs. Acute Fatalities o
xi
1 WNP-3 ER-OL LIST OF FIGURES (contd.)
Ficure No. Title 7.1-3 Probability Vs. Latent Cancer Fatalities 7.1-4 Probability Vs. Latent Cancers and Nodules 7.1-5 Probability Vs. Total Cost 7.1-6 Probability Vs. Population Whole Body Dose 7.1-7 Probability Vs. Population Exposed 7.1-8 Whole Body Dose Vs. Distance O
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WNP-3 ER-OL
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INTRODUCTION This Environmental Report-0perating License Stage (ER-0L) is submitted in support of the application filed in Docket No. STN 50-508 by the Washing-ton Public Power Supply System (hereafter referred to as the " Supply Sys-tem") for an operating license (OL) for a nuclear power generation unit designated as Nuclear Project No. 3 (WNP-3). This 1240-MWe unit is being constructed by the Supply System to satisfy the power needs of the Pacific Northwest region. The scheduled fuel load date is June 1986, although the target fuel load date is June 1985. j The Supply System is a joint operating agency formed in 1957 under Chapter 43.52 of the Revised Code of Washington. As a joint operating agency, the Supply System is legally empowered "to generate, produce, transmit, trans- i' fer, exchange or sell electric energy and to enter into contracts for any or all such purposes" (RCW 43.52.300). The Supply System sells electri-city only to other electric utilities or to government agencies. These utilities and agencies in turn distribute the electricity to customers throughout most of the Pacific Northwest. The managaent and control of the Supply System is vested in a Board of Directors compcsed of a repre-sentative of each of its members, which are 19 public utility districts and the cities of Ellensburg, Richland, Seattle and Tacoma, all located in p the State of Washington.
, The Supply System owns and operates the 27-MWe Packwood Hydroelectric Project near the town of Packwood and the 860-MWe Hanford Generating Proj-ect (HGP) located on the Hanford Site of the United States Department of Energy (DOE). Steam for the HGP turbines is provided by DOE's N Reactor.
The Supply System is also building two other nuclear electric generating plants on the Hanford Site: Supply System Nuclear Project No.1 (WNP-1),
and Supply System Project No. 2 (WNP-2).
A joint application for construction permits and operating licenses for twin units, WNP-3 and WNP-5, was filed with the Nuclear Regulatory Commis-sion (NRC) in March 1974. Construction was comenced in April 1977 with issuance of a Limited Work Authorization. Construction Permit Nos.
CPPR-154 and CPPR-155 were subsequently issued on April 11, 1978 for WNP-3 (Docket No. STN 50-508) and WNP-5 (Docket No. STN 50-509), respectively.
On January 22, 1982 the Supply System Board of Directors moved to termi-nate construction of WNP-5. (Construction of another plant on the Hanford Site, WNP-4, was terminated at the same time.) A controlled termination is being pursued toward disposition of the partially completed unit. The first phase is directed at the possibile sale of WNP-5 as a complete plant. During this phase the equipment, components and structures will be maintained to preserve the licensability of the unit. Later phases would involve the sale or salvage of individual components.
1.0-1
WNP-3 ER-OL This ER-OL is organized, with very few exceptions, acc9rQing to the chap-ter/section/ subsection f ormat of Regulatory Guide 4.2.tl> As suggested by 10 CFR Part 51.21, the content of this document is large]y)anHowever, update of the Environmental Report-Construction Permit Stage (ER-CP).tz this ER-OL is more than an update; it contains the information essential to an assessment of the environmental eff ects of plant operation indepen-dent of the ER-CP. Reference herein to the ER-CP is for the purpose of providing a source of supplementary infomation. Content of the document issues such as power need also reflects NRC rulemaking on the relevance of(3,4) The document de-and alternative energy sources in OL proceeding.
scribes and addresses the impacts of the single unit, WNP-3, except for a few evaluations (e.g., cooling system blowdown themal dispersion) which were based on two-unit operation. An extra measure of conservatism re-garding impact assessment is thus provided in these few instances.
O 1.0-2 9
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Chapter 1
- 1. Preparation of Environmental Reports for Nuclear Power Stations, Regulatory Guide 4.2, Revision 2, U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commis-sion, Washington, D. C., July 1976.
- 2. Environmental Report-Construction Permit State, WPPSS Nuclear Project Number 3, Docket Nos. 50-508/509, Washington Public Power Supply Sys-tem, Richland, Washington,1974.
- 3. " Alternative Site Issues in Operating License Proceedings", Federal Register, 46(102):28630-28632, May 28,1981.
- 4. "Need for Power and Alternative Energy Issues in Operating License Proceedings", Federal Register, 47(59):12940, March 26, 1982.
O 1.0-3
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WNP-3 l ER-OL m
THE SITE AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERFACES 2.1 GE0 GRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY 2.1.1 Site Location and Description 2.1.1.1 Specification of Location The Satsop site is located in southeastern Grays Harbor County, Washing-ton, approximately one mile south of the Chehalis River near its conflu-ence with the Satsop River. The site is about 26 miles west of Olympia and 16 miles east of Aberdeen (Figure 2.1-3). The central site area. lies in Section 17 of Township 17 North, Range 6 West. The Reactor Building is located at latitude 460 57' 33" N and longitude 1230 27' 58" W. The 1 Universal Transverse Mercator coodinates are N52 00, 525m and E4 64, 517m.
2.1.1.2 Site Area Map Figure 2.1-1 is a map showing the plant property lines and the principal
- plant features. Figure 2.1-2 is a map showing topography and local .trans-portation routes. The land owned by the Supply System in the site proper p totals about 1,120 acres. The Supply System also has ownership of miscel-lanecus properties in the site area such as the right-of-ways of the ac-(V) cess roads from the east and west.
2.1.1.3 Boundaries for Establishing Effluent Release Limits Boundaries for establishing effluent release limits conform to the plant property boundary and the boundary of properties encompassing the exclu-sion area (see Figure 2.1-1). Table 2.1-1 provides the distance from re-lease points to this boundary in each compass sector.
2.1.2 Population Distribution Table 2.1-2 presents, by compass segment and distance, population esti-mates for 1980 and forecasts by decade from 1990 to 2030. The table may be keyed to Figures 2.1-3 and 2.1-4 which are maps of areas within 10 and 50 miles, respectively, of the site.
Base population within the 10-mile radius of the WNP-3 was estimated by application of 1980 Bureau of Census household size figures to housing counts developed through field surveys. The area within ten miles is a rural section of Grays Harbor County with the exception of a six square mile rural area in the southwestern corner of Mason County. The 1980 pop-ulation of Grays Harbor County was 66,314, more than half of which was lo-cated in the Aberdeen-Hoquiam area. This is an increase of 11.4 percent over the 1970 population of 59,553.(1) v 2.1-1
WNP-3 ER-OL From its early urbanizing period in the late 1800s, the county has experi- ,
enced its major growth as a result of activity in the forest products l industries. The growth of the towns within this area has been somewhat erratic following fluctuations in the industries. Trends indicate a "sub-urban shift" of population from the urban center of the county into the smaller outlying communities and the rural area. Since 1950, Aberdeen and l Hoquiam have actually declined in population while the smaller outlying l comunities have grown significantly. The unincorporated rural population has also grown twice as f ast as the county as a whole and four times as f ast at all the cities combined. The fastest growing area in the county is the Elma area, followed by the Westport-0 costa area. The north beaches are a close third. The total urban area is growing at a relatively slow pace of 1.1% per year.
The relatively unstable and limited employment in the County has caused a large emigration of people between ages 15-44 to more metropolitan areas in the Puget Sound region where there are more employment opportunities.
This emigration together w1th the trend of increase in the portion of the populat n) over 65 years of age will tend to stabilize population growth.
For estimating the 1980 base population in the 10-50 mile area,1980 cen-sus division boundary maps were overlaid with an appropriately scaled sec-tor / radii grid. Census data was then allocated relative to the portion of each enumeration district, census tract, block group or block which fell within individual compass sectors. The 1990 to 2030 forecasts presented here are based on several sources: 1981 county population forecasts pro-vided by the Washington State Office of Financial Management (0FM), county forecasts estimated by Bonneville Power Administration, U.S. Bureau of Census population estimates and p jeq$ ions, and various discussions with local regional planning agencies. -hi The 50-mile radius includes Grays Harbor, Pacific, Wahkiakum, Cowlitz, Lewis, Thurston, Pierce, Kitsap, Jefferson, and Mason Counties. Individ-ual county estimates were based on 0FM projections through the year 2000 in order to provide a conservative and timely assessment. The BPA projec-tions were used for comparison purposes. The OFM population projections were distributed within each county by compass sectors using various regional tions from planning 2000 tocommission published 2030 relied on Bureau projections and insightg) Projec-of Census forecasts.l A high growth scenario was applied to the rapid growth areas of Thurston and Pierce Counties, and an average growth scenario was applied to the more slowly growing areas.
2.1-2 O
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WNP-3
^ ER-OL
. (v) 2.1.2.1 Population Within Ten Miles The 1980 population and projections by decade through the year 2030 for each of the sectors within ten miles of the plant site are listed in Table 2.1-2 which may be keyed to sectors shown in Figure 2.1-3.
The nearest incorporated communities with population exceeding 1,00'0 are the City of Elma, located approximately four miles northeast of the site with a 1980 population of 2,720, and the City of Montesano, miles west-northwest with a 1980 population of 3,247 people.Jpgated JJ Of thesix 80 sectors (22.50 x 1 radial mile areas) within a 5-mile radius of the site, tinue 42 were uninhabited to remain in 1980; uninhabited during theitperiod is anticipated that th(ey through 2030. 14.14yill 1 con-2.1.2.2 Population Between Ten and Fif ty Miles Population estimates and projections by decade through the year 2030 for each 22.50 sector between the ten and fif ty-mile radii are presented in Table 2.1-2. The 50-mile radius encompasses a ten-county region. The counties vary from a low rural population density to a high urban popula-tion density. The economic basis of the rural counties is primarily the forest products industry. These counties include Grays Harbor, Pacific, Lewis, Wahkiakum, Mason, Cowlitz, and Jefferson. Most of these counties V, have experienced a stable or moderate population growth for the last 30-40 years with the exception of the last decade in which higher growth rates have occurred. In the future, it is expected that these recent trgnds will continue as the rural counties expand their economic base.(15)
The urban counties of Pierce, Thurston, and Kitsap have high population densities and diversified economic bases. A substantial portion of indus-trialized Pierce County is located within the 50-mile radius. Pierce County has grown f aster than most of the rural counties during the last ten years and it is projected to continue to grow at a substantial rate.
Thurston County is the location of the State capital. During the last ten years, this county has experienced rapid growth in response to increased
, government employment. It is projected that growth in Thurston County I will continue to respond to activity in the State government.
Kitsap County is less populated than Thurston or Pierce Counties, although it is still considered an urban region. Only a small portion of the county f alls within the 50-mile radius of the plant. During the last ten years the county has grown rapidly as result of construction of the Tri-
, dent Submarine Support Base. It is expected that Kitsap County will grow at a moderate rate in the future; although probably not to the extent it has in the past decade.
O d ~
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2.1-3
WNP-3 ER-OL 2.1.2.3 Transient Population The transient population within ten miles is composed primarily of teach-ers and students at public schools, nursing home residents, employees in logging operations and at industrial f acilities, and area hunters and fishemen.
Public f acilities and institutions witha 10 miles of the site where peo-ple may work or reside temporarily are listed in Table 2.1-3.(16-19)
Also listed is the Mark E. Reed Memorial Hospital in McCleary which is slightly outside the 10-mile radius. In 1981 this institution was li-censea for 26 beds and had an anverage occupancy of 50% in 22 beds.(18)
Excepting the Cities of Elma and Montesano, the four largest employers in the vicinity of WNP-3 are:
Employees Employer July 1981 Peak Location Elma Plywood 25 120 8 mi NE Ventron Corporation 50 75 5 mi ENE Anderson Logging Company 35 50 5 mi ENE Elma Cedar Products 20 40 5 mi ENE Logging activity can vary considerably from area to area. The approxi-mately 100,000 acres of commercial forest within the 10-mile radius are shown in Figure 2.1-6. Table 2.1-4 illustrates the number of employees which could be employed in each sector based upon an annual yield esti-mate. Since one logging operation employs approximately 10 persons, it could be assumed that approximately 12 different logging operations (or about 120 persons) could be employed during the course of one year within this 10-mile radius.
Fishing and hunting are also contributors to transient populations.
Figure 2.1-5 shows the estimated seasonal totals of big games and upland bird hunters within 10 miles of the site. The Chehalis River and its tributaries, the Satsop and Wynoochee Rivers, provide a number of public swiming, boating, hunting and fishing areas. Table 2.1-5 provides esti-mates of peak numbers of fishemen for areas with 10 miles of the plants.
In addition, a total of 1600 waterfowl hunters may use the 25-mile pegm of the Chehalis River Valley over the course of the hunting season.t2u)ent All of these sportsmen cannot plausibly be expected to be in the area at the same time.
Table 2.1-6 lists county and state camping and fishing f acilities located within 10 miles of the site. Camp Delezene, a year-round Boy Scout camp, is located at three miles southeast of WNP-3 on Delezene Creek Road. The 2.1-4
l WNP-3 ER-OL l O)
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V Twin Harbors Boy Scout Council reports a capacity of 150 campers (staying for periods of three weeks per session) during the peak sumer months of '
July and August. The'. e ar gpproximately 350 scouts using the f acilities inatwelvemonthperiod.(gO f The Oaksridge golf course is located approximately three miles north of the plant site and borders the north side of U.S. Highway 12. The facil-ity consists of a clubhouse-restaurant and an eighteen-hole golf course.
Several mobile home parks are present within the 10-mile radius. It is difficult to determine which are considered " transient" type of f acili-ties '
. which would be considered permanent. With the start of con-stre_. son of WNP-3 numerous mobile home parks have developed. Six
" trailer" parks with 72 mobile homes within the 10-mile aqius in 1974; Table 2.1-7 shows the status based on 1981 information.(cui Figure 2.1-6 displays the various transient population generators within the 10-mile radius of WNP-3. Symbols are used to denote approximate loca-tions of the various transient populations. There are no major attrac-tants, such as resorts or convention centers, that would draw large num-bers of transients from outside the area. Most of the people involved in the above activities would be included in the estimates of resident population.
(D
(
v) 2.1 3 Uses of Adjacent Lands and Waters As noted in Subsection 2.1.1.2, Supply System land ownership in the site proper totals about 1,120 acres. Miscellaneous properties, primarily for access roads, total about 200 acres. Approximately 450 acres in the site proper were cleared and grubbed for plant construction. The land per-manently occupied by the plant f acilities (including WNP-5) totals about 100 acres. Land not required for operation will be revegetated to natural nabitat. The Supply System has also leased a 68-acre parcel at the con-tluence of the Satsop and Chehalis Rivers to the Washington Department of Game to be managed as game habitat in mitigation of riparian areas dis-turbed by plant construction. Figures 2.1-1 and 2.1-2 show the location of principal structures and boundaries relative to natural features and transportation routes. Table 2.1-8 provides the distances from WNP-3 to various activities in each sector.
The principal land uses in the site area are related timber and agricul-tural production. Virtually all the land out to ten miles in the SE to ;
WSW sectors is dedicated to timber production. Large areas north of the i site are also owned and managed by timber companies (see Figure 2.1-6). !
Agricultural activities are concentrated in the fertile bottom lands and j flood plains of the Chehalis and Satsop Rivers. Only a small percentage v
2.1-5 1
WNP-3 ER-OL of the total land area contains soil suitable for sustained and intensive agriculture. The primary products are livestock, pasture grass, field crops, and vegetable crops. Livestock generally consists of poultry, sheep, hogs, and dairy and beef cattle.
All or part of ten counties lie within 50 miles of WNP-3 (see Figure 2.1-4). Table 2.1-9 lists the agricultural output from each county. The production numbers were weighted by the fraction of the land area within the 50-mile radius of WNP-3.
Dairy operations in the area ship their milk to Northwest Dairymen's Asso-ciation, Seattle, for distribution through Safeway, Inc. Most of this milk is bottled as whole milk. The volume from dairies within 5 miles of the plant is estimated at 20,000 lbs/ day. The t in 10 miles is estimated at 140,000 lbs/ day.l31)otal volume Theref ore, produced the dairy- with-dilution f actor for the milk produced within 5 miles of the plant is 20,000/140,000 or 0.14.
Land use in the area has been changing since construction of WNP-3 began in 1977. The rate of residential lot creation in the unincorporated areas of eastern Grays Harbor County increased b. 89 percent between 1976 and 1977, and another 45 percent in 1978. Much of the development has in-volved the conversion of agricultural land to residential property. In addition to short-platting and subdivision activity in the County, re-quests for conditional use permits for gravel operations and mobile home parks have increased. Because gravel deposits underlie much of the agri-cultural land along the Chehalis River, the increased gravel extraction has usurped agricultural land uses. Between January 1973 and December 1979, the County granted 47 conditional use permits for gravel extraction on agricultural land. Approximately 55 percent of all rezones in unincorporated parts of the County during the sarpq period were conver-sions from agriculture to a higher density zone.U21 Salmon and steelhead fishing is a major sport activity in the vicinity of the plant. Washington State Department of Fisheries (00F) studies indi-cate that pygrage . sport salmon fishing success runs at about 0.055-0.065 fish / hour.t 33) Fish caught range in weight from 1 to 14 kilograms.
Steelhead fishing pressure is lighter and has an even lower fish / hour catch rate. The majority of sport fish taken from the Chehalis are non-resident fish which are migrating through to spawning areas in the tribu-taries. Maximum estimated residence time that these fish spend in waters mixed with the plant discharge is one month. Catch statistics compiled for 1978 by Washington State Department of Fisheries indicate that 2,900 salmon were taken by fishermen f rom the Chehalis Biver,1,740 from the Satsop River and 840 from the Wynoochee River.(34) Commercial catch data for various species and water bodies are compiled by D0F. Data for the Chehalis River and Grays Harbor are listed in Table 2.1-10.
O 2.1-6
R-0 The area within 50 miles offers a wide variety of hunting opportunities as well. Table 2.1-11 lists the types and amounts of game harvested in the area. The numbers are weighted to reflect the proportion of the county which lies within the 50-mile radius where the game are taken. It is as-sumed that about eighty percent of the game taken is consumed locally, that is, in western Washington.
Water used in the Chehalis River valley is taken from both ground and sur-face resources. The Chehalis River is used primarily for irrigation or livestock with potable water taken from wells, springs or tributaries.
There are only about twelve withdrawals from the Chehalis downstream of the plant site and all are for irrigation or industrial processing.
Surf ace water users within ten miles of WNP-3, ba ed on Department of Ecology (D0E) records, are shown in Figure 2.1-7. 38)
Groundwater in the Chehalis valley is obtained from shallow wells (usually less than 100 f t deep) which tap the alluvial aquifer which extends to a depth of about 150 feet. Above the valley, springs and wells draw from tertiary terraces (see Subsection 2.4.2.1). Domestic and farm water sources in the vicinity of WNP-3 are 'isted in Table 2.1-12 and plotted in Figure 2.1-8. Groundwater are shown in Figure 2.1-9.(u3; grs out to ten miles, based on DOE records, G The major municipal and community water systems within 20 miles of the plant site are listed in Table 2.1-13. Three of these systems are served by surf ace water supplies, four by groundwater resources, and one by a combination; none withdraw from the Chehalis River. The City of Aberdeen derives its muncipal supply for a population of 22,000 from Wiskkah River and its industrial water supply from the Wynocchee Reservoir located on the Wynocchee River. The City of Hoquaim obtains its municipal water sup-ply for an estimated 11,300 persons from Davis Creek which is a branch of the west fork of the Hoquiam River, and from the north fork of the Little Hoquiam River which serves as an additional supply during peak demand periods. Muncipal supplies for smaller communities are obtained from groundwater resources near the point of use.
O 2.1-7
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 2.1
- 1. Official State Population Count, U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980.
- 2. Grays Harbor Overall Economic Development Plan 1979, Grays Harbor Regional Planning Commission, June 1979.
- 3. Forecasts of the State and County Population by Age and Sex 1985-2000 With Estimates for 1980, Special Report No. 36, Forecasting and Sup-port Division, State of Washington Office of Financial Management, Olympia, Washington, May 1981.
- 4. Population Employment and Household Projected to 2000, Washington, U.S. Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, July 1979.
- 5. Projections of the Population of the United States, 1977 to 2050, Current Population Report Series P-25, No. 704, U.S. Department of Comerce, Bureau of Census, July 1977.
- 6. Memorandum to Thurston Metropolitan Area Transportation Study (TMATS)
Data Users, from George Buitlar, TMATS Coordinator, Thurston Regional Planning Council, July 2, 1980.
- 7. Pierce County Preliminary Population and Employment Forecasts by Small Area 1980-1990-2000, Pierce Subregional Council, Puget Sound Council of Governments, March 12, 1981.
- 8. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee and K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with staff of Lewis County Planning Comission, June 25, 1981.
- 9. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee and K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with staff of Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Governmental Conference, June 25, 1981.
- 10. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee and K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with staff of Mason Regional Planning Comission, June 26, 1981.
- 11. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee and K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with personnel of Thurston Regional Planning Council, June 26, 1981.
- 12. Personal Communication, K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with Larry Weathers, Pacific Regional Planning Council, July 14, 1981.
- 13. Distribution of Housing Units and 1980 Estimated Resident Population in lO-Mile Radius of WNP-3/5 by Compass U1rection and 1-Mile Kad11 Intervals, prepared for the Washington Public Power Supply System by Grays Harbor Regional Planning Comission, May 1h.
2.1-8 O
WNP-3 ER-OL G
References for Section 2.1 (contd.)
- 14. Projections and Distribution of Population Within a 50-Mile Radius of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, By Compass Direction and Radii Intervals For Grays Harbor County, 1980-2030, prepared for the Washington Public Power Supply System by Grays Harbor Regional Planning Comission, July 1981.
- 15. Personal Comunication, K. A. McGinnis, Supply System, with Lawrence Weisser, Washington State Office of Financial Management, June 23, 1981.
- 16. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee, Supply System, with Beverly Pennick, Secretary to the Superintendent, Elma School District #68, July 24, 1981.
- 17. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee, Supply System, with Kathy Schluter, Secretary to the Superintendent, Montesano School District ,
- 66, July 24, 1981.
- 18. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee, Supply System, with James Maki, Administrator, Mark E. Reed Memorial Hospital, Inc., July 27, 1981.
- 19. Personal Comunication, A. M. Lee, Supply System, with Candy Nestor, Receptionist, Supply System's Elma Information Center, July 27, 1981.
- 20. Transient Populations Within 50-Mile Radius of WNP-3/5, Grays Harbor '
and Jeff erson Coanties, prepared for Washington Public Power Supply System by Grays Harbor Regional Planning Comission, July 1981.
- 21. Letter, Richard E. Moulton, County Extension Agent, Grays Harbor Co-operative Extension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, January 15, 1981.
- 22. . Letter, Larry Guech, County Extension Agent, Lewis County Extension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 16, 1980.
23 Letter, Carol Carver, County Extension Agent, Wahkiakum County Exten-sion Service to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, February 12, 1981.
24 Letter, Joseph P. Kropf, County Extension Agent, Cowlitz County Ex-tension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 16, 1980.
- 25. Letter, William Scheer, Extension Agent, Pierce County Cooperative Extension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 12, 1980.
l l
2.1-9 I
l I
WNP-3 ER-OL Peferences for Section 2.1 (contd.)
- 26. Letter, Blair Wolfley, County Extension Agent, Jefferson County 8Ex-tension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 18, 1980.
- 27. Letter, Steven Gibbs, County Extension Agent, Pacific County Coopera-tive Extension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 17, 1980.
- 28. Letter, Mr. Joseph Smith, County Extension Agent, Thurston County Co-operative Extension Service, to L. S. Schleder, Supply System, December 23, 1980.
- 29. Personal Communication, L. S. Schleder, Supply System, with M. Freed, County Extension Agent, Mason County Extension Service, February 10, 1981.
- 30. Personal Communication, L. S. Schieder, Supply System, with Mr. George Curlis, County Extension Agent, Kitsap County Cooperative Extension Service, December 11, 1980.
- 31. Personal Communication, Mark Miller, Supply System, with Mr. Frank Hotaling, Northwest Dairymen's Association, January 23, 1981.
- 32. Agricultural Element of the Grays Harbor County Comprehensive Plan, Grays Harbor Regional Planning Cormiission, Grays Haroor County, Wash-ington, May 11, 1981.
- 33. Coastal Rivers Sport Fishing Investigations in 1973, 1974 and 1979, Progress Report #8, Washington State Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington, October 1976.
- 34. Washington State Sport Catch Report - 1978, Washington Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington,
- 35. Special Computer-Generated Report from Washington State Department of Fisheries listing data sorted by Year of Landing, Catch Area, Fish Species, Numbers Caught, and Approximate Weight, prepared February 25, 1981.
- 36. Washington Wildlif e - Small Game Report (s), Wildlife Management Divi-sion, Washington State Department of Game, Olympia, Washington, 1975-1979.
- 37. Big Game Status Report, Wildlife Management Division, Washington State Department of Game, Olympia, Washington,1981.
2.1-10 O
i i WNP-3 ER-OL t
i I
/
References for Section 2.1 (contd.)
- 38. Special Computer-Generated Report from Washir.gton Department of Ecol- .
ogy listing recorded Surf ace Water Withdrawals sorted by ID Nuraber, Location, Source, Purpose, and Amount, prepared December 19, 1980.
j r I 39. Special Computer-Generated Report from Washington Department of Ecol- ,
! ogy listing < recorded Groundwater Withdrawals sorted by ID Number, l
- Location, Purpose, and Amount by Water Rights Inventory Area, Town- '
ship, Range, Section and ID Number, prepared December 19, 1980.
- 40. Comprehensive Water and Sewer Plan, prepared for Grays Harbor County j by R. W. Beck & Associates, Seattle, Washington, May 1970.
- ,' t i . -
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I' 5 2.1-11
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.i ,s.,,.___ , _ . . _ _ _ _ . , _ _ _ _ _ , . , _ _ . _ . _ _ , _ _ _ _ . _ _.._____,_ _ ..___
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.1-1 DISTANCES TO RESTRICTED AREA BOUNDARY Distance to Nearest Portion of Boundary in Sector Riles Meters N 1.00 1609 NNE 1.04 1674 NE 0.81 1304 ENE 0.81 1304 E 0.83 1336 ESE 0. 84 1352 SE 0.81 1304 SSE 0.83 1336 5 0.86 1384 SSW 0.83 1336 SW 0.81 1304 WSW 0.83 1336 W 0.83 1336 WNW 0.86 1384 NW 1.04 1674 NNW 1.00 1609 O
'N J \ '
I A8t E 2.1-2 (SHEET I CF 4)
. POPUL Ai!ON WITHIN 50 Mite RADlus Of WNP-3 DIRECTION 1980 1986 1990 2000 201',
DISTANCE (C0 epa 55 2020 ?030 ctMUL All WE N Ltn AAllyg N ((M 1AllWE ((ME Al lVE ((M1 AllVE (MILES) SECTOR) htM8ER TOTAt NtM8ER TOTAL NLPtBER TOTAL NtMBER TOIAL NUMBER TOIAL NLM8ER 10iAL NUMBER TOIAL 0-1 N 9 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 l3 14 14 NNE O 9 0 10 0 to 0 II O 12 0 13 0 la NE O 9 0 10 0 10 0 11 0 0 O 9 0 12 13 0 I4 E NE 10 0 10 0 II O 12 0 13 0 r
14 E O 9 0 10 0 10 0 II O 12 0 O 9 0 13 0 14 E SE 10 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 O 14 SE 9 0 10 0 10 0 11 0 0 55E O 9 0 12 13 0 14 10 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 0 14 5 9 0 10 0 10 0 11 0 0 55W 0 9 0 12 13 0 14 10 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 SW 0 9 0 14 10 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 W5W 0 9 0 14 10 0 10 0 II O 12 0 13 0 W 3 12 14 3 13 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 17 ww 0 12 0 13 0 13 0 14 0 15 0 w 0 12 0 16 0 17 13 0 13 0 14 0 0 Nw 3 15 3 16 15 16 0 17 3 16 3 IF 3 18 3 19 3 20 1-2 N 8 23 9 25 9 25 10 27 11 29 12 31 13 33 NNE 3 26 3 28 3 28 3 30 3 32 3 34 3 36 NE Il 37 12 40 12 40 13 43 14 46 15 49 16 52 E hE O 37 0 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 O 37 0 49 0 52 E 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 ESE O 37 0 49 0 $2 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 49 SE O 37 0 40 0 52 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 49 0 52 SSE O 31 0 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 l
5 0 37 0 49 0 52 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 49 55W 0 37 0 0 52 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 SW 0 37 0 49 0 52 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 49 W5W 0 31 0 0 52 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 W 0 37 0 49 0 52 40 0 40 0 43 0 46 0 ww 29 66 31 11 49 0 52 t 32 12 35 78 38 84 41 NW 31 97 33 104 34 106 90 44 % l 38 116 42 12 6 46 136 50 NNW 12 109 13 146 '
117 13 119 e4 130 15 141 16 152 17 16 3 2-3 N 77 186 81 198 84 203 93 223 102 243 111 263 12 0 283 NNE 280 466 302 500 317 520 367 590 419 662 474 737 530 813 NE 13 479 14 514 14 534 16 606 680 l
ENE 105 584 18 20 757 22 835 Ill 625 115 649 12 8 134 140 820 3 587 153 910 166 1,001
. E 3 628 3 652 3 737 3 823 3 587 913 3 1,004 E5E O 0 62 8 0 652 0 737 0 823 0 SE 3 590 913 0 1,004 3 631 3 d55 3 740 3 826 O
3 916 3 1,007 SSE 590 0 631 0 655 0 740 0 0 826 0 916 0 1,007 5 590 0 631 0 655 0 740 0 826 0 0 916 0 1,007 -
SSW 590 0 D1 0 655 0 140 0 826 0 916 0 1,007 SW 0 590 0 631 0 655 0 740 0 826 0 916 0 1,007 W5W 0 590 0 631 0 655 0 740 0 0
826 0 916 0 1,007 W 590 0 631 0 655 0 740 0 WW 28 82 6 0 916 0 1,007 618 30 661 31 686 35 175 39 865 m 43 959 47 1,054 84 702 89 150 92 /78 103 878 114 979 12 5 1,084 136 1,190 Nw 204 906 215 %5 222 1,000 246 1,12 4 269 1,248 293 I.377 316 1,506
I ABL E 2. I- 2 (5HEEI 2 0F 4)
POPUL All0N WIIHIN 50 MILE RADIUS OF WMP-3 DRECIl0N 1980 1986 1990 2000 2010 20?0 2030 Ol51ANCE (COMPA55 CLMJL AI I VE ClNUL AII VE CLNUL ATIVE CIH D TT R CIMDTTR (MILES) IDIAL CtRIATTR CIRDTTW SECIOR) m FBER NtNSEW TOTAL NtNSER TOTAL NtHBER TOIAL m H81R 10iAL m NBER 10TAL . mH8tR TOT AL i-4 N 174 1,000 183 1,14 8 18 9 1,189 209 1,333 229 I,417 249 1,626 269 I,775 NNE 419 1,499 . 456 1,604 483 1,6 72 510 1,903 660 2,137 756 2.382 854 2,62 9 NE 716 2.215 143 2,352 170 2,442 841 2,744 910 3,047 980 3,362 100 2,315 1,04 9 3,678 E NE 105 2.457 109 2,551 12 1 2,865 133 3.180 145 3,507 15 7 3,835 E 20 2,335 21 2.478 22 2,573 24 2.88 9 26 3,206 28 3,535 30 3.865 ESE 6 2.341 1 2,485 7 2.580 8 2,897 9 3,2 15 10 3,876 O 2,341 0 2,485 3.545 11 SE 0 2,580 0 2,897 0 3,215 0 3,545 0 3,876 55E O 2.341 0 2,485 0 2.580 0 2,897 0 3.215 0 3,545 0 5 0 2,341 0 2,485 0 2,580 3.876 0 2.897 0 3,215 0 3,545 0 3,876 55W 0 2,341 0 2,485 0 2,580 0 2,897 0 3,215 0 3,545 0 0 3,816 SW 2.341 0 2,485 0 2,580 0 2,897 0 3,215 0 3,545 3,876 0 2,341 0 WSW 0 2,485 0 2.580 0 2,897 0 3.215 0 3,545 0 3,876 W 18 2,359 19 2,504 19 2,599 20 2.917 21 3,236 ?? 3,567 Ww 2,468 23 3,899 109 115 2.6 19 12 0 2,719 135 3,052 150 3,386 165 3,732 180 4,079 NW 417 2,945 50 1 3 , 12 0 518 3,237 572 3,624 625 4,011 679 Nw 3,061 4.411 732 4.811 116 12 2 3,242 12 6 3,363 139 3,763 4,163 152 165 4,576 I)8 4,989 4-5 N 61 3 , 12 2 64 3.306 66 3.42 9 13 3,836 80 4.243 87 4,663 94 5,083 hnE 38 3,160 51 3.357 62 3,491 96 3,932 132 4,375 I,955 5,115 2,104 172 4.815 2!4 5,297 NE 5,461 2,209 5,700 2,555 6,487 2,909 7,284 3,284 8,119 3,664 5,244 8,961 E NE 12 9 137 5,598 142 5,842 159 6,646 176 7,460 193 9,171 5,318 8 .3 12 210 E 14 18 5,676 81 5,92 3 91 6,137 101 7.561 8,423 5,364 Ill 12 1 9,292 E5E 46 48 5,724 50 5,973 55 6,792 60 7,62 1 65 8,488 9,362 10 SE O 5,364 0 5,724 0 5,973 0 6,792 0 1,62 1 0 8,488 5,364 0 9.362 55E O 0 5,724 0 5,973 0 6,792 0 1,621 0 8,488 9,362 0 5,364 0 5 0 5 ,72 4 0 5,973 0 6,792 0 7,62 1 0 8,488 9,362 0 5,364 0 55W 0 5,724 0 5,973 0 6.792 0 7,62 1 0 8,488 0 9,362 SW 0 5,364 0 5,124 0 5,973 0 6,792 0 1,62 1 0 8,488 0 5,364 0 9.362 WSW 0 5,724 0 5,973 0 6,792 0 7,62 1 0 8,488 0 9,362 W 35 5,399 36 5,160 37 6.010 40 6,832 43 1,664 46 8,534 49 9,411 kNW 356 5,755 374 6,134 387 6,397 427 1.259 466 8,130 506 9,040 5,808 545 9,956 NW 53 56 6,190 58 6.455 64 F.323 10 8,200 16 Nw 59 9.116 82 10.038 5.861 62 6.252 64 6,519 11 1,394 18 8,278 85 9,201 92 10,130 5-10 N* 2 l0 6,077 221 6,473 229 6,148 254 1,648 279 8,557 304 9,505 32 9 10,459 hg a 62 6.139 67 6,540 70 6,818 81 7,72 9 92 8,649 104 1,462 7,601 1,552 8,092 9.609 116 10.575 NE 1,015 8,433 I,820 9,549 2,0?7 10,676 2,243 11,852 13,034 ENE 375 7,976 403 8,495 8,856 2.459 423 489 10,038 557 11,233 629 102 13,736 8,538 12.481 E 562 594 9,089 617 9,473 690 10,138 162 II,995 836 910 14,646 267 8,805 283 13.311 E5E 9 ,372 295 9,768 3 32 11,060 369 12,364 408 13,125 447 15,093 SE 119 8,924 12 8 9,500 134 9.002 155 11.215 176 13,923 12.540 198 221 15.314 55E O 8,924 0 9,500 0 9,902 0 11,215 0 0 13,923 0 12.540 0 15.314 5 8.92 4 0 9,500 0 9.902 0 11.215 0 12,540 0 13,923 0 15,314 55W 17 8,941 18 9,518 19 9,921 21 11,236 23 12,563 25 13,948 27 15.34l SW 0 8,941 0 9.518 0 9,921 0 11,236 0 12,563 0 13,948 0 15.34l W5W 3 8,944 3 9,521 - 3 9,924 3 11,239 3 12,566 3 13,951 3 15.344 W 1,748 10,692 1,945 11,466 2,088 12,012 2.585 13,824 3.138 15,704 3,768 17,719 4,457 19,801 WNW 4,214 14,906 4,452 15,918 4.618 16,630 5.162 18,986 5,713 21,417 6,291 24,010 6,875 0 14,906 26.676 NW 0 15,938 0 16,630 0 18,986 0 21,417 0 24,010 0 26,676 Nw 259 15,165 274 16,192 285 16,915 32 0 19.306 355 21,772 391 24.401 421 27.103 e O @
(5H E 4)
POPUL Ail 0N WlIHIN 50 MILE RADIUS Of kNP.3 DIRECil0N 1980 1986 1990 2000 2010 7020 7030 DISTANCE (COMPASS CtMAATIVE CtMLAATIVE CLMULATIVE CtMA ATit E C MULATIVE CtMUL ATIVE CLMUL AT!vE (MILE 5) SECTOR) NtM8ER TOIAL NtM8ER TOTAL NtM8EA TOTAL NtNBER TOIAL NtM8ER 10iAL NUMBER TOIAL NtMBER TOTAL 10-20 N 4l0 15,575 445 16,637 469 17.384 522 19,828 561 22,333 602 25,003 636 27,739 NnE 499 16.074 544 17,184 574 17,958 637 20,465 675 23,008 116 25,719 744 28,483 NE I,902 11,976 2,005 19,189 2,173 20,131 2,50I 22.966 2,824 25,832 3.171 28,896 3.540 32,0?)
ENE ? 29? 20,768 2,453 21.642 2.560 22,691 2,831 25,783 3,107 28,939 3,4?3 32,319 3.72 5 35,148 E 406 20,674 430 22.012 446 23.137 468 26,251 496 29,435 52 6 32,845 547 36,795 ESE 2,491 23.105 2,43 24.855 2,979 26.116 3,322 29,573 3,557 32,992 3,816 36,661 4,0?9 40,324 .
SE 1,789 24,954 2 ,0 12 26.867 2,160 28,216 2,683 32.256 3.323 36,315 3,62 1 40,282 5,095 45,419 l SSE 440 25,394 44? 27.309 444 28,720 447 32,703 454 36,769 463 40,745 474 45,893 l 5 56? 25,956 562 27,871 562 29,282 562 33,265 562 37,331 562 41,307 562 46,455 55W 811 26,767 818 28,689 824 30.106 838 34,103 854 38,185 811 47,178 888 47,343 SW 436 21,203 438 29,127 440 30,546 440 34,543 451 38,636 458 42,636 465 47,808 WSW 147 27,350 160 29,281 168 30,714 189 34,732 213 38,849 239 42,875 266 48,074 W 30.013 57,423 30,158 60,045 31.215 61,929 33,125 61,857 34,731 73,080 36,109 78,984 37,371 85.445 WW I,101 58,530 1,143 61,188 1,167 63,096 1,259 69,116 1,341 74,421 1,42 0 80,404 1,490 86.935 ,
NW 430 58,%0 444 61.632 453 63,549 480 6,90? 518 74,939 549 80,953 576 87,511 l Nw 50 59,010 55 61,681 58 63.601 60 69,662 35 75,014 85 81,038 % 87,607 1 20-30 N 42 59,05? 42 61.729 42 63,649 42 69,704 4? 75,056 42 81,080 4? 87,649 NNE 1,019 60,071 1,110 62,839 1,112 64,821 1,301 71,005 1,379 16,435 I,448 82,528 1,506 89,155 NE 8,680 68,751 9,461 7?,300 9,982 74,803 11,080 82,085 11,745 88,180 17.450 94.978 12,948 102.103 ENE 26,535 95 ?86 32,903 105,203 37,149 111,952 44,579 126,664 49,483 137,663 55,421 150,399 60,963 163,066 E 34,920 130,206 43,300 148,503 48,888 160,840 58,666 185.330 65,119 202,787 72,934 223,333 80,227 243,293 E5E 6.231 136,437 6,978 155,481 7,471 168,317 8,224 193,554 8,117 211.499 9,240 232,573 9,610 252,903
$E 13,210 149,647 15,191 170,612 16.5I? 184,829 20,145 213,699 21,354 232,853 22,635 255,208 23,540 216,443 SSE 638 150,285 676 171,348 702 185,531 758 214,457 803 233,656 851 256,059 885 277,328 5 444 150,72 9 444 171,792 444 185,975 444 214,901 444 234.100 444 256,503 444 277,772 55W 1,919 152.648 1.976 173,168 2,014 189,989 2,074 216,975 2,198 236.298 2.330 258,833 2,423 280,195
$W 4 , 12 8 156.776 4,462 178,230 4,685 19?,614 4,690 228,665 4,% I 241,259 5,259 264,092 5,469 285,664 W5W 684 157,460 745 178,975 185 193,459 870 222,541 947 242,206 1,031 265,123 1,096 286,760 W 3,931 161,397 4,059 183,034 4,143 197,60? 4.46? 227,003 4,745 246.951 5.014 270,137 5,254 292,014 WW 869 162,266 907 183,941 933 198,535 1,029 228,032 1,119 248,070 1,210 271,347 1,2% 293,310 NW 667 16?,933 695 184,636 714 199,749 190 228,891 859 248,929 929 212,216 995 294,305 Nw I45 163,078 146 184,782 146 199,395 148 279,040 148 249,017 148 217,424 148 294,453 30-40 N 18 163,096 18 184,800 18 199,413 18 229,058 18 249,095 18 272,442 18 294,471 NNE 1,577 164,673 2,088 186,8838 2,429 201,842 3,158 232,216 3,505 252,600 3,926 276,368 4,319 298,790 NE 5,334 170,001 7,062 193.950 8,214 210,056 10,678 242,894 11,853 264,453 13,275 289,643 14,603 213,393 ENE 13,321 183,328 18,116 212,066 21,314 231,370 27,708 270,602 30,756 295,209 34,447 324.090 31,891 351,284 E 34,345 217,673 46,109 258,775 54,952 286,322 11.438 342,040 19,296 314,505 88,817 412,902 97,693 448,917 ESE 2,760 220,433 3,174 261,949 3,450 289,772 4,209 346,749 4.462 378, % 7 4,730 417,632 4,919 453,8 %
SE 12,560 232,993 1,444 263,393 15.700 305.47? 19,154 365,403 20,303 399,270 21,521 439,153 22,382 476,218 SSE 1,465 734,458 1,553 264,946 1,6 12 307,084 1,741 367.144 1,845 401,115 1,956 441,109 2,034 478,312 5 396 234,854 3% 265,342 3% 307.480 396 367.540 396 401,511 396 441,505 396 478,108
$$W 269 235,123 271 265,619 28? 30,712 290 367,830 307 401,818 32 5 441,830 338 479,046 SW l.056 236,179 1.141 266,760 1,198 308,950 1,310 369.140 1,389 403,201 1,472 443,30? I,531 480,511 W5W 1,5% 237,775 1,815 268.575 1,962 310,922 2,450 371,590 2,683 405,890 3,738 447,040 4,574 485,151 W 4,075 241,850 4,70? 213,277 5,173 316.095 6,717 318,301 8,617 414,507 10.987 458,(P1 13,883 499,034 WNW 2,255 244,105 2,630 215,907 2,9 14 319,009 3,853 382.160 5,035 419,542 6.53? 464.559 8,40? 507,436 NW 46 244,151 49 275,956 51 319,060 58 382.218 63 419,605 68 464,627 13 507.509 MW 695 244.846 153 276,109 194 319,854 930 383,148 1,075 420,680 1,735 465,862 1,406 508.915
I ABLE 2.1- 2 (54ET 4 0F 4)
POPUL All0N WiiHIN 50 MIEE RADIU% OF WNP-3 DIRECil0N 1980 1986 1990 7000 2010 2070 2030 DISIANCE (COMPASS ClHXXTIR ctHITTTE ctMJL An ivt UH1XTTVT ctHXATTE DM11TTR ctR11TTE (NIL ES ) $ECIOR) NtNBER TOIAL NtN8ER TOTAL NtN8IR TOTAL NINBER TOTAL NtN8ER 10lAL NLNBER I0IAL NtN8E R 101AL 40-50 N 3 244,849 3 776,717 3 319,857 3 420,683 3 383.151 3 465,865 3 508.918 NNE I,817 246,666 2,364 279,076 2.750 322,607 3,575 386,126 3.968 424.651 4,444 470,309 4,888 513,806 NE 15,247 261,913 20,186 299,262 23,480 346,087 30,524 417,750 33.882 458,533 37,948 508,757 41,743 555,549 E NE ??),901 485,814 249,835 549,097 267,125 613,212 302,535 719,785 335,8I4 794,348 376,112 884,369 969,2.'?
12,395 561,492 413.123 E ll,299 497.113 13,125 626,337 14,375 134,160 15,238 809.586 16,152 900,521 16,798 986,070 ESE ?,438 499,55l 2,584 564,076 2,682 629,019 2,897 737,057 3,071 812,657 3,255 903,776 3,385 6,619 506,170 1,0 15 571,091 989.455
$E 7,280 636,299 1,862 744,919 8.334 820.991 8,834 912,610 9,I87 998,642 SSE 2,741 508,911 2,905 573,996 3,015 639,314 3,256 148,175 3,45l 824,442 3,658 916,768 3,805 I,002,447 5 1,111 510,072 1,135 575,13l 1.144 640,45S 3.184 14,935 1,208 825,650 1,214 917,482 I,263 I,003,718 55W I,349 511.371 1.458 576,589 l.531 641,989 I,670 151,029 I,770 821,420 1,816 919,361 I,958 I,005,669 SW 2,713 513.584 2,391 578,980 2,511 644,500 2,750 753,779 2.915 830,335 3,090 922.451 3,214 1,008,883 W5W 0 5I3,584 0 578,980 0 0 0 753,779 0 830,335 0 922.451 0 1,008,883 W 0 513.584 0 578,980 0 0 0 753,779 0 830,335 0 927,451 0 1,008,883 WW 13 513,657 81 579,061 87 644,587 107 753,886 135 830.470 16 9 922,620 209 t,009,092 NW 749 514,406 854 579,915 932 645,519 1,I85 155,071 I,489 831,959 1,860 924,480 2,30? 1.011.394 Ntu 548 514,954 594 580,509 627 646,145 133 755,804 847 832,806 973 925,453 1.108 1.012,502 O
O O O
"s, i I ( )
\s' _j \s' T ABL E 2.1 -3 PUBLIC FACILITIES WITHIN 10 MILES OF WNP-3 Distance Type of Facility Name of Facility Ofrection (Miles) Average Number of Users (1981)
Schools Satsop School District #104: NW 3 62 Students; 6 Staff Satsop Elementary Elma School District #68: NE 4 31 Staff; 810 Students; 62 Staff Elma Elementary NE 4 Elma Secondary (Jr.-Sr. High) NE 4 924 Students; 76 Staff Montesano School District #66: WNW 7 101 Staff Simpson Avenue Elementary WNW 7 380 Students Beacon Avenue Elementary WW 7 425 Students Montesano Jr.-Sr. High WNW 7 673 Students Hospitals Mark E. Reed Hospital NE 11 55 Staff; 11 Patients Nursing Homes Beechwood Nursing Home NE 4 35 Patients: 20-23 Staff Oakhurst Convalescent Center NE 4 180 Patients; 148 Staff Woodland Terrace Nursing Home WNW 7 30 Patients; 35 Staff Edgewood Manor Nursing Hyne WW 7 37 Patients; 22-24 Staff Penal Institutions Grays Harbor County Jail WW 7 41 Prisoners; 12 Staff Other Facilities Elma Air Field (Washin ton State NL 3-1/4 N/A Aeronautics Comission Grays Harbor Youth Home Elma . 10 Residents; 7 Staff (Gras s Harbor County Juvenile Dept.)
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.1-4 TIMBER PRODUCTION EMPLOYEES WITHIN 10 MILES OF WNP-3 AverageAgnuafa) Employees (b)
Sector Primary Ownership _/ c.res Yield (10 bf)
N Private 3,840 2,070 4.53 NNE 6,080 3,277 7.17 NE 320 172 .37 ENE 640 345 .76 E State (Capital Forest) 1,920 1,035 2.27 ESE Private / State 3,520 1,897 4.15 SE 8,320 4,484 9.82 SSE 12,480 6,727 14.73 S
12,800 6,899 15.11 SSW 12,160 6,554 14.35 SW 11,200 6,037 13.22 WSW 11,520 6,209 13.60 W 640 345 .76 WNW Private / Local Government 2,560 1,380 3.02 NW15 Private 9,600 5,174 11.33 NWN "
3,520 1,897 4.15 TOTAL 101,120 54,502 119.36 Source: Ref erence 2.1-20 (a) Acres X 1976 Grays Harbor Co yield / acre (0.539 thousand board feet)
(b) Average annual yield X number of employees /106 board feet (2.19)
O
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j WNP-3
! ER-OL i.
TABLE 2.1-5 ESTIMATED NUMBER OF PEAK FISHERMEN i
WITHIN 10 MILES OF WNP-3 i
i I
Number of i
Miles Total Fishermen (a) i Chehalis River
,1 Portions of Sectors N, NNE, NE, E, ESE, i WSW, W, WNW, NW, AND -
NNW 25 68
} Satsop River j Main and West Fork, a Portions of Sectors ;
j NW, and NNW 12 33 i i 1
East Fork, Portions of Sectors NNW and N 6 16 Wynocchee River Portions of Sectors W and WNW 4 11 Estimated Maximum Number of Fishermen On Any Given Day 47 128 I
Source: Reference 2.1-20 (a)2.7 fishermen per mile based on 9.5 mile sample with a peak of 26 fisherman in Feb 1980.
l s
__ _.__ __ _-_...-_., _ ,,, - --- . _ . , , . . _ . . _ . . , _ , _ . ..,_.m-- - . _ mm.-..._,--, . .~..__.-. _ ..
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.1-6 -
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES WITHIN 10 MILES OF W!P-3 Facility Name Location Description Lake Sylvia, St. Park 7 mile WW 234 acres, 35 camping sites, swiming, boating, picnicing, concession stand, kitchen shelters, boat launch, restrooms, and shM ers.
Schafer, St. Park 9 miles N 119 acres 53 campsites, (6 with traller hookups), fishin hiking, plcnicing, swiming, kitchen shelters, restrooms,g, and shewers.
Porter Creek Camp 9 miles E 10 camping units, drir. king water, fishing, 6 picnic units, horse f acilities, trails, hiking, motorcycle tralls, parking.
Chehalls River Fishing Area 6 alles E 3.4 acres with 8,230' of waterfront, public fishing area.
Chehalls River Fishing Area 4 miles ENE 5.9 acres with 4,400' of waterfront, pubile fishing area.
Chehalls River Fishing Area 2-4 miles E 102 acres with 9.114' of waterfront, public fishing area.
Satsop River Fishing Area 6 miles NW 3.5 acres with 550' of waterfront, pubile fishing area.
Satsop River Fishing Area 2.5 miles NNW 5 acres with 900' of waterfront, pubile fishing area.
Satsop River Fishing Area 2 miles NW 660' of waterfront, public fishing area.
Satsop River Fishing Area 4 alles NW .15 acres with 1,200' of waterfront, pubile fishing area.
Satsop River Fishing Area 5-10 N 6.alles NW 2.8 acres with 5,990' of waterfront, pubile fishing area.
Wynoochee River Fishing Area 7 miles W 104 acres with 3,960' of waterfront, public fishing area.
Source: Reference 2.1-20 9 O O
t I
j WNP-3
- ER-OL TABLE 2.1-7 l
MOBILE HOME PARKS AND SPACES WITHIN 10 MILES OF WNP-3 l Distance Direction Number of Number j (Miles) (Compass Segments) Mobile Home Parks of Spaces i
0-1 ALL 0 0 j 1-2 ALL 0 0 j- 2-3 N 1 19
- 2-3 NNE 2 84 4 3-4 NW 1 12
! 3-4 NNE 1 45 4 4-5 NE 1 98(a) 4-5 ENE 1 19(b) 5-6 ENE 1 36(D)
) 5-6 NE 2 30 5-6 WNW 4 63
]'
6-7 NE 1 45 i
- 6-7 NNW 2 20
- 7-8 W 1 8 i
8-9 N 1 5 '
! 8-9 W 3 148(b) 9-10 W 1 15(b)
! 9-10 N 1 15 l.
Total within 0-10 miles: 24 662 t
j l
Source: Reference 2.1-20 l 1
(a)Primarily RV accommodations. i l (b)0ne park divided by sector.
4
._...______.,...... . - ___ -.. _ . - . .- .. , , , . . . = . _ . , _ _ _ - . . . , , _ - _ . .
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.1-8 DISTANCE (MILES) FROM WNP-3 TO POINTS OF INTEREST Sector Resident Veg. Garden Beef Cattle Milk Cow Milk Goat N 1.0 1.0 1./ 1.2(a) __
NNE 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5(a) __
NE 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 ENE 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.6 4.1 E 4.4 4.4 4.2 -- --
ESE 3.9 3.9 3.9 --
S SSW --
SW WSW -- -- --
W 3.7 3. 7 3.8 -- --
WNW 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5(a) __
NW 2.0 2.0 3.1 1.8(a) __
NNW 1.0 1.0 2.6 1.1 4.2 (a) Dairy operations.
l l
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WNP-3 ER-OL
, TABLE 2.1-9 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION WITHIN 50 MILES OF WNP-3 Grays Harbor County Annual Meat Production Annual Milk Production Beef - 3,458,000 kg Number of Dalries - 56 Pork - 11,250 kg Number of Cows - 7,500 Sheep - 12,150 kg Milk Produced - 44,513,000 1/yr Annual Crop and Vegetable Production Product Acreage Total Yield (kg) Vield/ Area (kg/m21 Corn Silage 640 10.471,700 4.03 Green Peas 1,300 2.481,800 0.5 7
Lewis County Annual Meat Production Annual Milk Production Beef - 910,000 kg Number of Dairies - 82 Pork -
90,000 kg Number of Cows - 7,200 Sheep - 32,400 kg Milk Produced - 49,434,000 1/yr An:tual Vegetable Production Product Acreage Total Yield (kg) Vield/ Area (kg/m21
\ Sweet Corn 1,915 10,444,400 1.35 Green Peas 4,432 8,461,100 0.5 1
Pierce County Meat Production Annual Milk Production Beef - 218,400 kg Number of Dairies - 11 Pork - 67,500 kg Number of Cows - 1 850 Sheep -
2,160 kg Milk Produced -11,883,0001/yr Annual Crop and Vegetable Production Product Acreage Total Yiel6 (kg) Yield / Area (kg/dl Cabbage 11 130,000 2.9 Carrots 12 218,180 4.5 Cucumbers 14 7,000 0.1 Celery 10 210,000 5.0 Sweet Corn 38 155,450 1.0 Lettuce 52 409,550 2.0 Spinach 15 115,910 2.0 Potatoes 12 136,000 2.8 Rhubarb 30 136,000 1.1 Blueberries 24 65,000 0.7 Raspberries 108 245,000 0.6 Strawberries 45 123,000- 0.7 Pacific County Annual Meat Production Annual Milk Production Beef - 706,160 kg Milk Produced - 7,922,000 1/yr
.. Pork - 1 Sheep - 1,260 kg
,200 kg
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.1 9 (contd. )
Pacific County (contd.)
Annual Crop and Vegetable Production Cranberries - 6,360,000 kg/yr Hay - 9.545,000 kg/yr Thurston County Annual Meat Production Annual Milk Production Beef - 1,820,000 kg Number of Cows - 7.615 Park - 9,000 kg Milk Produced - 36,620,000 1/yr Sneep - i'6,487 kg Poultry - 1,302.000 kg Annual Crop and Vegetable Production Product Acreage Total Yield (kg) Vield/ Area (kg/m2 1 Sweet Corn 408 2,225,000 1.3 Silage Corn 219 4,180,000 4.7 Wneat/ Barley 140 238,640 0.4 Raspbe ries 60 163,000 0.7 Blueberries 30 6,800 0.6 Kitsao County The land area of Kitsap County that falls within 50 miles of WNP-3 has no consnercial beef, swine, sheep or dairy herds. In and around the small town of Holly there is limited farming and gardening. There are a few beef and milk cows owned by the local residents for home use.
Jefferson County The area of Jefferson County that f alls within the 50 miles of WNP-3 is either National Forest, National Park, privately-owned forest or Department of Natural Resources-owned forest. As such, there is no meat, milk or vegetable production in this area.
Cowlitz County The area of Cowlitz County that falls within the 50 miles of WNP-3 has no commercial beef, swine sneep or dairy herds. The majority of the land area is in forest, owred by the major timber companies. In and around the small town of Ryderwood, there is limited f arming and gardening. There are a few beef, swine, sheep, goats and milk cows kept for personal use. There are an estimated 50-75 beef and dairy animals in the area.
Mason County The land area of Mason County that f alls within 50 miles of WNP-3 has no conynercial beef, swine, sheep or dairy herds. The major agricultural activity is growin trees. The few beef, swine, dairy cows or sheep grown are for personal use. g Five Christmas stres of cocinercial raspberries yield about 9,000 kg/yr.
Wahkiakum County Meat production totals 180,000 kg/yr and milk from 2,000 cows is about 1,320,000 kg/yr.
Livestock feed production includes corn silage (480 acres totaling 8,363.000 kg) and hay (2,670 acres totalling 54,300,000 kg).
Source: References 2.1-21 through 2.1-30
WNP-3 ER-OL t
f% \
'sj TABLE 2.1-10 ANNUAL COMMERCIAL FISHERY CATCH (POUNDS) IN WATERS CONTIGUOUS TO WNP-3(a)
Lower Ocean (off Humptulips Chehalis Chehalis Fish / Shellfish Grays Harbor) Grays Harbor River River River Chinoot Salmon 858,900 102,000 13,300 13,700 33,000 Chum Salmon 200 30,300 7,600 2,100 12,700 Pink Salmon 100,000 Coho Salmon 1,047,700 6,200 17,300 8,100 36,000 Steelhead 7.300 2,000 2,100 Sturgeon 12,500 21,000 900 2,200 Bottom Fish 6,700 m
Shad 1,900 Crab 40,400 (a) Source: Reference 2.1-35 O
WNP-3 ER-OL TA8LE 2.1-11 GAME HARVEST WITHIN 50 e41LES OF WNP-3(a)
County Pheasant Grouse Duck Quail Chuk ar Geese Bear (b) Q Deer Cowlitz 174 1,904 1,440 19 27 72 20 137 340 Grays Harbor 3,330 18,340 36,282 65 77 1,207 324 597 2,247 Jefferson 74 1,340 2,093 46 0 31 20 108 211 Kitsap 205 407 1,655 50 8 2 5 0 64 Lewis 1,676 9,722 4,857 74 143 29 76 300 1,681 Mason 1,915 10,140 9,495 145 147 32 104 97 1,457 Pacific 780 9,450 28,232 62 0 1,955 168 905 1,720 Pierce 1,908 2,356 5,847 343 156 47 21 55 419 Thurston 7,072 11,790 25,072 872 655 125 65 0 1,627 Wahklakum 352 1,829 2.970 0 39 89 49 335 442 l
l (a) Source: Re ference 2.1-36, 37 l
(b)About 50% of bear harvested are used for human consumption.
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WNP-3 ER-OL s
Table 2.1-12 GROUNDWATER USERS WITHIN TWO MILES OF WNP-3
& Owner Use(a) s Comments 1 Ralph 0. Willis I
, 2 C. Dale Willis D 3 C. C. Willis 0 4 Lester Willis I (Willis Bros.)
5 Arnold E. Loew D Formerly Burlingame 6 Buford Goeres F j 7 Melvin Henderson D i
8 Buford Goeres I 9 Buford Goeres I 10 Lloyd Cooley D Not in use 11 Miles Fuller Estate D. F Pipe over river to spring 12 Claude Osgood D
- 13 Rex Valentine D, F Serves 3 residences, March 1982 14 Winifred Osgood D 15 William Correa D Spring, leased to R. Rieland 16 Supply System D Potable / Construction water, March 1982 17 Kermit Dewall D 18 Michael Brogan D 19 Larry Zepp D Wate Quality Station 20 Buford Goeres I 21 Ralf 0. Willis DF '
22 C. Dale Willis I 23 C. C. Willis !
24 Howard Willis D 25 Normand Willis D 26 Lester Willis O 27 28 Lester Willis D Not in use, March 1982 William R. Roberts D 29 Buford Seares D 30 Ken Widner D Spring 31 Lee Ortquist D Spring 32 Lee Ortquist D Not in use, March 1982 33 Supply System D Standby source i
34 Dennis Hery Ford D 35 Eric A. House Old, not used 36 Elmer Haas DF 37 Elmer Haas I 38 E. E. Pettit 0 39 R. Gallouen D t
40 5. Pettit D 41 George Schultz D 42 Randy Smith D 43 Douglas Taylor D 44 Earl Wilder D 45 Buford Goeres D (a)(D) Domestic, (!) Crop Irrigation, (F) Other/ Farm o
WNP-3 ER-OL Table 2.1-13 MAJOR MUNICIPAL WATER StPPLY SYSTEMS WITHIN 20 HILES OF WPF-3 Approx imate l System Distance / Direction Population Safe Yleid Storage Service Area from WNP-3 Water Source Served of Source Facilities Remarks (gpm)
Elma 4 al NE 3 Drilled Wells 2,700 2,000 500,000 Hontesano 6 at W 2 Drt11ed Wells 3.200 2,200 1,500,000 Sylvia Crk McCleary 11 al NE 3 Drilled Wells 1,400 1,800 150,000 Central Park 11 ml W 3 Drilled Wells 2,000 150 100,000 Oakville 14 mi SE Drilled Well 550 300 150,000 Roundtree Crk is Standby Cosmopoll's 15 ml W City of Aberdeen 1.600 -- 3,000 Aberdeen 16 mi W Wishkah R 22,000 5,000 25,000,000 Industrial Supply from Wynoochee R.
Hoquiam 20 ml W Davis Crk 11,300 3,500 10,200,000 Little lloquiam R.
Little Hoquiam R. is standby Source: Taken from Reference 2.1-40 0 9 9
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LEGEND: 16-BIRD HUNTERS 52-BIG GAME HUNTERS WASHINGTON PUBUC POWER SUPfM,Y SYSTEM muRE
/ PEAK HUNTING ACTIVITY IN THE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING UCENSE VICINITY OF WNP-3 2.1-5 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
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WNP-3 ER-OL 2.2 ECOLOGY
/ 2.2.1 Terrestrial Ecology General descriptions and data collected before 1975 on flora and fauna foundinthevicinityofWNP-3aredescribejI: n Section 2.7 of the Envi-ronmental Report-Construction Permit Stage. J The following discus-sions of the terrestrial ecology focuses on data co11ected from 1975 through 1980. .
2.2.1.1 Vegetation The vegetation communities surrounding the site can be divided into three topographic areas: upland areas, river terraces, and riparian areas along the Chehalis River and creek bottoms. In general, the site area is for-ested with some pasture and agriculture usage along the river (Figure 2.2-1). The upper creek bottoms and terraces are populated by stands of second growth hardwood dominated by red alder (Alnus rubra). Mixed stands of hardwoods and conifers are found on the river terraces. On the steep upper slopes, Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is the dominant timber. Above the 300-foot contour, nearly pure stands of conifers have developed. Bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), vine maple (Acer circinatum), willow (Salix g.), black cottonwood (Populas trichocarpa), cascara (Rhamnus purshiana), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and western red cedar (Thuja plicata) are the common species in the area. Forests in this area are generally managed so that they maintain the earlier stages of succes-sion, because red alder is used for pulpwood and the Douglas fir for saw timber. The WNP-3 site is approximately 800 acres and in the past sup-ported good coniferous vegetation. However, most of the vegetation on the site was harvested once before and represented second growth. Table 2.2-1 presents a representative list of 219 plant species identified near the site, representing 165 genera and 65 f amilies. The understories in forested areas are dominated by a dense growth of shrubs, herbaceous species, ferns and bryophytes. The principal shrub is salal (Gaultheria shallnn). This straggling plant forms dense tangles in many areas. Red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), oregon grape (Berberis nervosa), and deciduous cascara are also common. The approach of the Terrestrial Ecology programs in 1978 through 1980 was to use intensive sampling within four small watersheds as a basis for evaluating potential impacts. The watersheds were selected to be repre-sentative of the two major habitat types surrounding the site (i.e., maturing second-growth coniferous forests and recent clearcuts). They were selected in matched pairs so that areas adjacent to the plant site could be compared with areas outside the influence of the plant. Two for-ested watersheds (ca d treatmen and control) near WNP-3 were sampled in i 1978 (Figure 2.2-2). The dominant species were similar in both J 2.2-1 l
WNP-3 ER-OL forested areas. Sword fern (Polystichum munitum) covered 32 and 17 per-cent of the treatment and control forest plots, respectively. Salal was second to sword fern in cover dominance, with values of about 10 percent in both forests. Deer fern (Blechnum spicant) was third in dominance at over 6 percent in the treatment forest, but covered less than 1 percent in the control forest. Foamflower (Tiarella trifoliata) had a mean coverage of 5 percent in both forests, ranking third in dominance in the control forest and fourth in the treatment forest. Both salal and foamflower were widely distributed in the forested watersheds. Although low in coverage, Pacific brome grass (Bromus pacificus) and immature grass plants were well-distributed only in the control forest. Seedlings of western red-cedar and western hemlock yielded low coverage and frequency values in both for-ests, but only the control forest contained seedlings of Douglas fir. Two clearcut watersheds (called t a t and control) near WNP-3 were sampled 1978-1980 (Figure 2.2-2). >> The treatment and control clearcut watersheds were similar in plant species coverage and frequency in 1978 through 1980. In 1980, 39 and 41 vascular plant species were found in the mini-plots in each of the control and treatment clearcuts, respectively. Approximately 75 percent of the plants were comon to both watersheds. Pacific blackberry (Rubus ursinus) was the dominant cover species, with coverage of 40.7 and 28.3 percent in the treatment and con-trol clearcuts, respectively. Other species with relatively high cover values in both watersheds were bracken fern (Pteridium aquiliaum) and com-mon velvet-grass (Holcus anatus). In the treatment clearcut, 13 species had cover values exceeding 2 percent. Predominant among these species were thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus), Oregon grape, pearly-everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), and Douglas fir seedlings. In the control clearcut, 12 species had cover values exceeding 2 percent; predominant among these were hairy cat's-ear (Hypochaeris radicata), fireweed (Epilobium augustifolium), and seedlings of Douglas fir, vine maple and bitter cherry (Prunus emarginata). In sumary, vegetation near the site can be described as follows: (1) within the study site vegetation is highly diverse and is no longer repre-sentative of the former climax vegetation of the Western Hemlock Zone; (2) much of the vegetation diversity can be attributed to timber and agricul-tural practices; (3) the dominant vegetation in the lower elevation and moist areas is red alder and on the upper steep slopes Douglas fir is the dominant species; (4) the forest land produces high-quality timber; (5) forest management techniques (e.g., natural and artificial seeding, thin-ning, fertilization, etc.) are used to maintain vegetation in a state of intermediate forest succession so yields of the commercially valuable Douglas fir can be sustained; and (6) the early successional stages on the upper terraces and along the creeks result in an interspersion of cover types ideal for many wildlife species. . 2.2-2 O{
WNP-3 ER-OL n 2.2.1.2 Wildlife ~l ) (/ Visual observations and consultations with State game biologists indicate that the characteristic wildlife species of the region are well repre-sented in the vicinity of the site. Forest management and agricultural practices of ten keep areas in early stages of succession, which is con-ducive to many desirable species of wildlife. The open hardwoods are important feeding areas for wildlife. The conifer areas provide cover and protection from severe weather conditions. Generally, most game animals thrive in areas of new growth which follow logging activity. Extensive pure stands of conifers are less desirable for wildlife production than mixed wood or hardwood forests. Mansnals Forty-nine species of manmals representing 7 f amilies and 17 orders are known to occur in the Satsop area (Table 2.2-2). Twelve species have been identified by sightings or other signs of activity, while an additional 37 species have not been observed but their range is thought to include the site environs. The black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) is one of the most significant species in the area, both from an economic and a recreational viewpoint. Studies performed near the site in the Os indicate popu-lations of 26 to 48 blacktail deer per square mile. / Recent estimates (N fcr the Wynooche-Satsop Game Management Unit project the population at (' about 21 per square mile.(6) Estimates in 1980 for two Washington Game Department M square mile.ppggement tD1 units near WNP-3 ranged from 12 to 15 deer per Pellet-group counting was used to estimate deer population densities on forested and clearcut watersheds in the vicinity of WNP-3 (see Figure 2.2-2). Studies were performed during the spring and fall n 1980 and densities ranged from 0 to 9 deer per square mile.{4)1978 through The con-trol clearcut watershed had the highest deer densities each year. Deer use of both clearcuts in the fall has tended to increase each year from 1978, while deer use of the clearcuts in the spring has been relatively stable. Deer densities in the forested watersheds were low for both spring and f all 1978 through 1980. Deer populations are expected to con-tinue to increase in both clearcuts during the initial years of plant succession and to remain low in the two forested watersheds. This rela-tionship exists because second-growth forests (i.e., the forested water-sheds) characteristically have low deer forage production while forage production in " clear uts typically increases during the early years of plant succession.(5) O V 2.2-3
WNP-3 ER-OL The elkat(Cervus mated canadensis) 2.4 individuals density per square for t )Satsop mile. area in However, no1980 was esti-elk pellets were found in 1978 through 1980 in the watersheds studied near the WNP-3 site. Another important big game animal in Washington is the black bear (Ursus americanus). Black bear have been infrequently sighted near the site. The density for the Satsop me management unit in 1980 was estimated at 0.88 bear per square mile.(p/ This is close to the one bear per square mile Poelkerof available and Hartwellblack bear hp>itat projected for the entire state by in 1973.t Other terrestrial and aquatic mamals that occur near the site, but for which there is little specific infonnation, are Mountain beaver (Aplodontia ruf a), beaver (Castor canadensis), muskrat (0ndatra zibethica), raccoon (Procyon lotor), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), coyote (Canus latrans), long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata) and red fox (Vulpes fulva). W Small trappingmamals (mice and and multiple shrews) were counted mark-and-recapture during)1978 methods.W using live-A grid of 169 trap stations was established in each of four watersheds (Figure 2.2-2). Baited Sherman live traps were checked daily for four consecutive days. The mark-and-recapture method provided relative abundance and density estimates for deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), Pacific jumping mice (Zapus trinotatus), shrews (Sorex spp), Townsend's chipmunk (Eutamias townsendii), northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus) and short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea) (Table 2.2-3). Amphibians and Reptiles Amphibians and reptiles observed and known to occur in Grays Harbor County are listed in Table 2.2-4 The most abundant amphibians observed near the site are the Pacific Northwest newt (Tarica granulosa) and the Western wood frog (Rana aurora). Only one species of reptile, the dusky garter snake (Thamnophis elegans), was observed near WNP-3. Birds Birds are ecologically and aesthetically important components of the eco-system surrounding WNP-3. A list of the species found near WNP-3 and the habitat in wh ments.(1,8,9)ich they Bird are found studies is presented performed in previous docu-1980(2,3,4) near in 1978 through WNP-3 include: 1) breeding and winter surveys of watersheds and roadsides close to the site, 2) ruffed (Bonasa umbellas) and blue (Dendragapus obscurus) grouse surveys during the breeding season in forested and clear-cut watersheds, and 3) aquatic bird surveys of the Chehalis River. 2.2-4
WNP-3 ER-OL Overall,124 80 comparedbird species to 111 were(ggcountered in the study area during 1979-in 1978-79. 1 Results of the 1978-79 and 1979-80 y, surveys were quite similar. One hundred species were recorded in comon for both survey periods. An additiont 24 new species were encountered in 1979-80. Generally, all species occurred in low abundance. Forty-six bird species were identified in the treatment watersheds (Figure 2.2-2) during the 1980 breeding season. This compares to 47 and 44 species encountered in 1978 and 1979, respectively. The number of species observed in the treatment and control forests were similar 1978-1980. Twenty-eight species in the control forest and 25 in the treatment forest were identified as breeders or visitors to the watersheds. The winter wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) was the most abundant species in both watersheds, while the golden-crowned kinglet, (Regulus satrapa), chestnut-backed chickadee (Parus rufescens), Wilson's warbler (Wilsonia pusilla), and western flycatcher (Eipidonax difficilis) were common. The control clearcut had more species than the treatment clearcut. Twenty-five species were observed in the control clearcut and 18 in the treatment clearcut. During 1978 and 1979, the species diversity was similar between the two clearcuts. The white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys) and dark-eyed junco (Junco hyemalis) were the predominant species observed in both watersheds 1978-1980. During these three years, the American gold-finch (Cardvelis tristis), song sparrow (Melospiza melodia), and rufous-sided towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) were also common in the clearcut areas. The total density of birds in breeding territories was (A) V substantially higher in both clearcuts in 1980 than reported in previous years. Winter bird surveys of the four watersheds were also conducted during t 1978-79 and 1979-1980. During both surveys, species diversity and relative abundance of birds were greatest in the forest watersheds. These values were particularly high in the control forest. The golden-crowned kinglet and winter wren were consistently the most abundant species ob-served in the forested watersheds. In the clearcut watersheds, species diversity and relative abundance were generally highest in the treatment watershed during both survey periods. _In the two clearcuts, the darkeyed junco was the predominant species recorded during the 1979-1980 surveys, while the golden-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla) was the predom-inant species in the 1978-1979 winter survey. The results of the 1979 and 1980 roadside breeding bird surveys were simil ar. Eighty-eight species were observed in 1979 and 1980. Of these, 74 species were recorded in both years. While the species' richness was comparable between years, the mean number (478) of birds recorded during the 1978 surveys was 15 percent below that recorded in 1979. , (v O) 2.2-5
WNP-3 ER-OL The American robin (Turdus migratorius) and song sparrow were the most abundant and most frequently observed species. Other species abundantly present during both survey periods were the common crow, (Corvus brachyrhynchos), Swainson's thrush (Catharus ustulatus), savannah sparrow (Passerculas sandwichensis), and American goldfincn. The principal forest game birds are ruffed and blue grouse. A minimum of five grouse surveys were perfonned during the spring of 1979 and 1980 at 15 roadside stations near the plant site (i.e., treatment route) and at 15 stations outside the influence of the plant (i.e., control route) (Figure 2.2-3). The mean densities for the adult male ruffed grouse along $reatment and control survey routes were similar in 1979 (2.2 vs 2.0).(21 Howevor, in 1980 the control roy had densities four times greater than the treatment route (2.8 vs 0.7).\p> The Washington Game Department reports ruffed grousedensitiesforWesternWashigggnof22,13and23acresperbirdin 1977, 1978 and 1979, respectively.t 1 The results of studies performed near WNP-3 appear to be in agreement with these estimates. Adult blue grouse were also more abundant along the control route than the treatment route in both 1979 and 1980. The control route yielded means of 3.8 and 4.7 respectively. }lg}the
. treatnent The means differences were 1.0 between and and control 0.7 for 1979 and treatment 1980 routes are probably due in part to higher noise levels near WNP-3 and to reduced coniferous habitat along the treatment route.
Previous studies (l) describe the birds using the aquatic habitat near WNP-3 and important migratory waterfowl comon to the area. An update of this information is provided by aquatic bird surveys of perfonned monthly, November 1978 through Deceber 1980.(gha 3) Chehalis River During these surveys the gree'1-winged teal ( Anas carolinensis), American widgeon (Mareca americana), mallard (Anas platyrhynohos), scaup species (Aythya spp.) and the comon (Mergus merganser) and hooded mergansers (Lophodytes cucullatus) were the most numerous waterfowl. The most com-monly observed nonwaterfowl were the Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus), great blue heron (Ardea herodias), gulls (Larus spp.), double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon), spotted sandpiper (Actitis maculaira) and green heron (Butorides virescens). Many avian predators are common to the site and the surrounding area. Hawks and falcons, which hunt during the day, are represented by at least ten species. The red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) and sparrow hawk (Falco soarverius) are most comonly seen. The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), marsh hawk (Circus cuaneus), and osprey (Pandion O 2.2-6
WNP-3 ER-OL haliaetus) have also been observed. Seven species of owl, which are noc- - [-s} turnal predators, are known to occur in the area. These generally nest in V trees, wooded and bushy arecs, or man-made structures. The largest of the owls is the Northwestern horned owl (Bubo virginianus lagophomis). 2.2.1.3 Threatened and Endangered Species Two near federally WNP-3, thelisted threatened bald eagle andorperegrine endangered animal f alcon species (Falco may oc9{) peregrinus).t Bald eagles were obse e ong the Chehalis River during the 1978-1980 aquatic bird surveys. * !* In 1979-1980 a single bald eagle w servedinNovember,MarchthroughMay, July,AugustandOctober. gob-No active eagle nests were seen along the river in the three survey years. Peregrine falcon wqrg)not site 1978-1980.(2,a,.+ Theobserved duringand construction birdoperation surveys of performed WNP-3 isnear not the expected to result in the damage or loss of individuals of any species presently regarded as threatened or endangered. 2.2.2 Aquatic Ecology The physical and chemical characteristics of the Chehalis River in the vicinity of WNP-3 are presented in Section 2.4. Studies concerned with various aquatic organisms in the Chehalis River, relating mainly to con-struction and rgogeg,t al phases of WNP-3, were conducted in 1976 through 1980. >>> - Sampling locations frr the 19d0 program are O V shown in Figure 2.2-4. ' he following paragraphs sumarize the essential characteristics of the major aquatic comunities. 2.2.2.1 Phytoplankton and Macrophytes Phytoplankton studies were performed July through October 1973.(1) Sam-ples were examined to determine species composition and relative abun-dance. Nineteen diatom genera were identified. Sampling in the Chehalis River at Fuller Bridge showed a predominance of Navicula, Nitzschia, Cocconeis, and Melosira. Qualitative surveys of macrophytes in the Chehalis Riygr April through September 1976 at three sampling areas.l22)were Duringperformed spring and early sumer, macrophyte growth was sparse; most species appeared only during July through October. Twelve species were widely dispersed and occured in relatively small groups in the river. Potamogeton spp., Elodea canadensis and Fontinalis antipyretica were the predominant species collected. Many characteristics of the Chehalis River are thought to limit the pro-ductivity of aquatic macrophytes. The banks along pool sectiors drop abruptly off to deeper water a short distance from shore. High turbidity G 2.2-7 l l
WNP-3 ER-OL of the river during many months prohibits macrophyte growth in deeper waters. Bank erosion is considerable, and in many areas riparian vege-tation overhangs the river, providing shade. The shaoe and erosion discourage the establishment of emergent and submergent aquatic vege-tation. During the winter, virtually the entire river bottom is scoured due to high sediment loads and current velocities. In the lotic environment of the Chehalis River both phytoplankton and macrophyte contributions to the food web are limited because of low pro-duction and little grazing by herbivores. 2.2.2.2 Periphyton Periphyton, through 1980 algae thatChehalis in the attachesRiver,t to pgb}trags,13yas
, ,4, e sampled Since thefrom 1976 Chehalis River is moderately f ast flowing, primary production is probably limited to the attached fonns of diatoms, blue-green algae and green algae. In 1980, 33 algal genera (3 blue-greens, 5 greens, and diatoms) were iden-tified f rom artificial (i.e., glass slide) samples.( Diatoms and blue-green algae represented 63 and 31 percent, respectively, of all genera counted in 1980. The most abundant diatom genera collected from 1978 through 1980 were Cocconeis, Achnanthes, Cymbella, Gomphonema, Synedra and Navicula. Chamaesiphon and Lyngbya were the dominant blue-green genera in 1978-1980 samples. Biomass averages fs ber collections in 1979 and 1980 were 1.0 and 1.2 gm/m'yr July and Septem-
, respectively.
Cell density from artificial substrates collected during July and Septem-
,000 and 15,000 cells /mm2 during ber 1978,averaged 1979 andapproximately 14,000,(p/ The greater density in 1979 was 1980, respectively.
due to an increase in blue-green algae. 2.2.2.3 Zoopl ankton Zooplankton wag gampled along the shoreline of the Chehalis River in June and July 1973.\ l 1 Zooplankton densities were consistently low and seldom averaged more than 300 individuals per sweep net station. Cantho-camptus and Cyclops were the dominant copepod genera and were consistently greater than cladocerans in all samples. Dipterans (Tendipedidae) were the most abundant noncrustacean zooplankters collected. The paucity of zooplankton in the lower Chehalis River is probably related to river velocity, natural siltation and availability of littoral habitat. 2.2.2.5 Benthic Macroinvertebrates Chehalis River macroinvertebrates were p both natural and artificial substrates.\gmglg*]76-1980
> > using natural
~> Generally, either or substrate samples were collected monthly, March through September. At 2.2-8 O
WNP-3 ER-OL least two stations were sampled, including the intake and discharge
- /] areas. From 1976 to 1979 artificial substrates collected twice the number Q of benthic taxa and a much larger number of organisms than the natural substrates. Dominant orgamisms found in the vicinity of WNP-3 include midges (Chironomidae), scuds (Gamarus sp.), true flies (Diptera), may-flies (Ephemeroptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera) and beetles (Coleoptera). The mean densities of macroinvertebrates col-lected on artificial substrates (i.e., multiple plate samples) range from approximately 1000 to 3000 individuals per sample in 1977 through 1979.
Densities were generally highest in the spring and lowest for the autumn exposure period. Statistical tests reveal t 1976and1978andhighestin1977and1979.tgtdensitieswerelowestin 1 The low densities may be the result of floods which preceded the 1976 and 1978 sampling programs. 2.2.2.6 Chehalis River Fish sh life A complete list of fish species inin the Chehalis River (1gsin
,12, gd,1{J history infonnation is presented other documents.
Twenty-five beach seiningfish species near WNP-3(Table 2.2-5) from 1977 were(gagtyggd to 1979. ,>W by electrofishing Anadromous three- and spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus), northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oreconensis) and largescale mker (Catostomus macrocheilus) were the four most abundant fish, compri-sing 59 percent of the fish collected between 1977 and 1979. Salmon , (i.e., chinook, chum, coho) and trout (rainbow and cutthroat) represented (q-
)
approximately 10 and 3 percent of the catch, respectively. Of the fish found in the Chehalis River study area, various species of sain,onids have the highest commercial and recreational value. Because of the value of chinook and coho salmon and rainbow /steelhead trout, concern for maintaining their populations is high. In recognition of this con-cern, the State of Washington maintains an extensive fisheries management program for these species. Chinook, coho and steelhead trout are stocked in numerous rivers and streams throughout the state and help to maintain the Pacific Northwest recreational and comercial fishery. In addition to their significance in terms of natural resource value, these salmonid species are known to be highly sensitive to such environmental variables as water temperature and water quality. There are marked similarities between the life histories of different anadromous salmonids in the Chehalis River (see Figure 2.2-5). The adults spend one or more years in salt water, migrate into freshwater and spawn in suitable gravel beds where waters are cool and well oxygenated. The eggs develop from fall through spring, depending on the species, and hatch from late winter to late spring. The young usually remain in the gravel p) s v 2.2-9
WNP-3 ER-OL until the egg sac is absorbed. Young salmonids emerge f rom the gravel between late winter and early sumer and, again depending on the species, reside in f resh water from several days to several years be# ore migrating to salt water. BEfore entering salt water, salmonids undergo a trans-formation called smoltification. This process is the physiological and morphological adjustment necessary to accomodate the osmotic changes pro-duced by movement f rom f resh to salt water. Details of salmonid life cycles in the Chehalis River Basin are presented below together with descriptions of abundance and distribution in the study area. The fol-lowing subsections focus on chinook and coho salmon and rainbow / steelhead trout, and their life histories, distribution and abundance in the Chehalis River study area. Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Chinook salmon originate from many of the rivers that drain into the North Pacific and support an important ocean sport fishery. In addition, chi-nook support a commercial trolling fishery from Central California thrvugh southeastern Alaska. As they return to fresh water to spawn, chinook are of ten caught in estuaries and rivers by comercial gill-net fisheman, Indians, and sport anglers.ll9) Of all the Pacific salmon, chinook are the most highly regarded for the fresh fish trade. Chinook are catego-rized into three distinct spawning runs: fall, spring and summer. The Chehalis River has f all and spring adult chinook runs. Fallchinookmaturebetween3and{2u;yqars. Their weight at maturity averages between 15 and 20 pounds. Fall chinook spend from 3 to 5 months in f reshwater and f rom 2 to 5 years in the ocean. Adults migrate upstream from August to November. Downstream migration of young chinook takes place f rom January to August. Spring chinook reach maturity at 4 to 6 years of age and weigh an average of 15 pounds (range 10 to 20 pounds). They spend about one year in fresh-water before migrating to the sea, and then remain in the ocean for 2 to 5 years. Adults migrate to the spawning grounds from March to early June and spawning occurs from August to mid-October. Young spring chinook, whichaverage5to6 inches,migratedownyggamthesecondspring(1+ age-class) after the parent spawning run.\ / The spawning patterns of the two races of chinook are distinct. Springrun chinook usually travel to upstream areas and spend the sumer in resting holes before spawning in late sumer; f all-run chinook usually travel shorter distances and spawn shortly thereafter. The population density and distribution of juvenile chinook is controlled by numerous f behavior.(21) actors including Juvenile chinookavailability of food, reside in waters andvelocity with chinook social and depth 2.2-10 O
WNP-3 ER-OL in proportion to their body size. As they grow, they shif t to f aster and f) '(V deeper waters. Young chinook often moy remaininlargestreamsduringwinter.tg2gownstream from tributaries and f The distribution and abundance of chinook salmon in the study area are consistent with the knowledge of the life history of these fish as described above. Only a small number of adult chinook (37 adults) were captured from spring to f all during five years of sampling. The small number of adults sampled in the study area indicates that upstream migrants spend relatively little time in this stretch of the Chehalis during the months of sampling. Most of the chinook captured in the study area during the monitoring pro-grams were 0 + age-class fish. It was concluded that these fish were juvenile downstream migrants from the fall spawning run. These juvenile out-migrants have been present in the study area from April to October, with peak abundance occurring April to June. Rearing spring-run juveniles were not present in the study area in significant numbers during the monitoring programs. Young-of-the-year Chinook salmon (age 0+) comprised 43, 48, 83 and 77 per-cent of all j 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979, respectively.pygnile W1 From salmon captured 1976 through during 1979 the mean fork length ranged from 47 to 59 mm, 51 to 59 m and 67 to 73 mm for April, May and June, respectively. Mean 1979 condition f actors ranged from 0.84 in March to (] 1.18 in August. In sumary, while the Satsop River and upstream locations on the Chehalis River are the sites of early fall spawning runs, the study area is not a spawning area for chinook. The study area is used for upstream passage of migrating adults, downstream passage of juvenile out-migrants, and some rearing of spring-run juveniles. Within the study area, young chinook appear to prefer sheltered, slow-moving waters such as are found in parts of the holding area (Figure 2.2-4). As they grow, the young chinook move to more rapidly moving water. Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) The coho Pacific is angortant coast. sport and comercial fish along the Northern Like the chinook, coho are anadromous, spending one to two years in fresh water and two years or more in the ocean. Coho reach maturity at three years of age; adults weigh an average of eight pounds (range from 5 to 20 pounds). Adult coho generally migrate to fresh water from September to January. In coastal Washington, adult migration peaks in October and November. Spawning occu- from mid-October to March with the peak period from v 2.2-11
WNP-3 ER-OL November to January. After emerging from the gravel of spawning streams, coho fry energy.t2{amainclosetotheshorelineinshallowwatertoconserve
) They often establish territories near f ast currents because the current brings them food in the f ann of drif ting terrestrial and aquatic insects. During downstream migration, which begins from March to July of their second year, the young coho form schools and move into swifter currents. Before and during this time they undergo smoltification. Both the Chehalis and Satsop Rivers provide suitable habitats for coho salmon. In f act, coho are the most important salmon species in the rivers in terms of comercial and sport harvest.
Limited numbers of yearling coho have been captured in the study area, mostly in April, May and June. Underyearlings have been present in all months sampled; the period of peak underyearling abundance has varied within the spring to fall sampling period. Juvenile coho have exhibited slight distributional preferences. The greatest sample densities have generally occurred in the Satsop River and at the holding area (Figure 2.2-4). Large numbers of juvenile coho have also been found at the intake area. Within the discharge area (see Sub-section 3.4.4), greater densities of juvenile coho have been found up-stream of, rather than at the diffuser itself. Waters in the discharge area appear to be utilized by adult coho only for migration passage. Jack coho and migrating adults (3 + age-class) have been sampled during the fall at Chehalis River locations downstream of the Satsop River, including the discharge area. No signs of coho spawning or egg incubation have been found in the discharge area during the ecological sampling programs. Coho salmon have shown definite patterns gf movement while migrating up-stream through the WNP-3 diffuser area.ll 1 Fish movements tend to be associated with the deeper water. From approximately 550 m downstream of the diffuser, fish travel near the deeper area of the south bank. Just upstream of the diffuser, fish appear to cross into the deeper water of the northern bank. A sonic tracking program revealed that the majority (60%) of migrating coho whose movements were monitored passed the diffuser location during darkness. Juvenile coho salmon were the fif th most abundant salmonid in catches during 1979, second in 1978 and 1976, and first in 1977. Representative scale analysis shows the downstream migrants to be 1+ years of age with a fork length of 68 to 203 m. Mean condition f actor for those individuals ranged from 1.02 in January to 1.35 in May 1979, whereas those for 0+ coho salmon ranged from 0.98 in April to 1.17 in September 1979. 2.2-12 O
WNP-3 ER-OL Rainbow /Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri) - (O) U Two varieties of this species exist. Trout that are strictly freshwater residents are comonly called rainbow trout, while the anadromous, or sea-run, variety is known as steelhead trout. Both varieties are highly prized as sport fish throughout the Pacific Northwest. Steelhead mature at 3 to 6 years of age, reaching an adult weight of 5 to 30 pounds. They spend from 1 to 3 years in freshwater and 1 to 4 years in the ocean. The period of adult migration for sunner-run steelhead is June to early August; that of winter-run fish is December through April. The actual spawning for both runs takes place from February to June; egg incu-bation occurs from February to July. Many steelhead spawn more than once.(2jgfact,upto31percentofwinter-runfishmayspawnasecond time. 1 Downstream migration of young steelhead occurs from March to June. While in streams, juvenile steelheao remain out of the main current to conserve energy. They usually remain close to the substratum from which they make forays into the overlying currents to capture drif ting food. Rainbow /steelhead trout in freshwater feed on bottom living and terres-trial insects, amphipods, oligochgqqs, frogs, fish, cladocerans, stone-flies, caddisflin, and mayflies.M / Rainbow trout /steelhead comprised the fourth and third most frequently captured salmonid species in 1979-1980 and 1978, respectively. The v; highest densities of 0+ rainbow trout occurred in Satsop River catches beginning in August for 1976, 1977 and 1978. Extremely low river levels prevented Satsop River sampling in 1979. Young-of-the-year (age 0+) rain-bow trout from other sampling areas generally increased in mean fork length from 32 m in May to 77 m in October 1979. Mean condition factors for these fish ranged f rom 0.85 in May to 1.20 in September 1979. Similar lengths and condition f actors were recorded in 1980. Although juveniles have been sampled extensively in the study area, few mature rainbow trout have been captured. It is concluded that most of the juveniles which have been captured are young steelhead and that most of the trout in the study area are of the anadromous variety. Most of the juvenile steelhead encountered were of the 0 + age class. This age class is comon in the study area from June to October with peak abundance occurring in June and July. A smaller number of yearlings and older steelhead have been captured in the study area. The 1+ and 2+ age class trout use areas in both the Satsop and Chehalis Rivers above the discharge area, v 2.2-13
WNP-3 ER-OL ho seasonal peak in 1+ age class and older trout could be detected; nor were any spawning fish sampled. Washington Department of Game statistics indicate that the winter steelhead run in the Chehalis is larger than the sumer run. No distributional preferences have been observed for juvenile steelhead in the study area. Yearling and older trout have shown some preference for f ast water areas with gravel substrate, as in sections of the holding area. 2.2.2.7 Stream Fish Fish comunitias in trihutary streams near WNP-3 were studied from 1976 through 1980.(2-4,12,13) Fish were collected shocker. Initially,15stationsweresampled(g)usinganelectro-a9 eightoftheoriginallocationswerestillsampled.1g>jg1979-1980, > The eight stations included three on Workman and Fuller Creeks and one each on Stein and Ein Creeks. Electroshocking and mark-recapture methods were used 1977-1980(2-4,13,15) to estimate fish populations and other fishery characteristics (e.g., species composition) at each sampling location. Each sampling station was 200 m in length; to isolate the sample populations, block nets were placed at both ends of the sampling station. Two passes were made at each sta-tion. Sampling was performed in August 1980 and 1979, from August to October in 1978, and f rom December 1977 through February 1978. Thirteen fish species were collected 1977-1979 and sculpins (79.6%), trout (6.7%), lampreys (5.0%), and salmon (4.2%) comprised 95.5 percent of the 6,158 fish sampled. Surveys of salmonid spawning potential have been Workman, Elizabeth and Hyatt Creeks since 1968.l l1 ggnducted Mp or. Fuller, ing potential spawning areas were adopted from Burner.\ggds sf assess-
> At least two survey p re conducted on each stream November 1977 through January 1978.( 51 Six biweek'y surveys were made of Fuller Creek and at least one in each of the ctn..r streams N er 1978 through January 1979, and October 1979 through January 1980.
The purpose of the spawning surveys was to estimate the potential spawning area available to salmonids in site streams and to document the presence or absence of spawning adults or redds. Table 2.2-6 presents the esti-mated potential spawning area for each stream. It is important to note that, prior to the start of construction of WNP-3, no potential spawning areas were available in any site stre ections directly affected by con-2 struction runoff except Fuller Creek. A total lost of three coho or steelhqpQ redds was estimated due to construction activities before 1978.D31 Subsequent surveys have not revealed any reducti tial spawning areas as a result of construction activities. gin poten-O 2.2-14
. _ _ . . .~._m.__. . . . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ _ - . . . _ _ _ _ . ___. . . . _ _ _ . . . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _
i WNP-3 j ER-OL
- 2.2.2.8 Threatened and Endangered Species 4
No federally listed threatened or endangered aquatic orggpqms are known i to occur in the Chehalis Rive- in the vicinity of WNP-3.1 1 Conse-i quently, the construction and operation of WNP-3 is not expected to result i in the damage or loss of any aquatic species presently regarded as threat-
- ened or endangered.
) ^ i }' l i . 4 i i l J i i l i t i i , j
- i. :
I i i i ;
- 2 1
I i l 2.2-15 4 cl I ; i
WNP-3 ER-OL References f or Section 2.2
- 1. Environmental Report-Construction Permit Stage, WPPSS Nuclear Project NumDer 3, Docket Nos. 50-508/509, Washington Puolic Power Supply System, Richland, Washington, 1974.
- 2. Environmental Monitoring Procram,1978, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
Bellevue, Washington,1979.
- 3. Environmental Monitoring Program, 1979, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
Bellevue, Washington,1980.
- 4. Environmental Monitoring Program, 1980, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
Bellevue, Washington, 1981.
- 5. Brown, E. R., The Black-tailed Deer of Western Washincton, Washington Department of Game, Biological Bulletin No.13, Olympia, Washington, 1961.
- 6. Parsons, L. D., Big-Game Status Report 1980-1981, Summary Edition, Washington Department of Game, Olympia, Washington,1981.
- 7. Poelker, R. J. and H. D. Hartwell, Black Bear of Washington, Washington Department of Game, Biological Bulletin No.14, Olympia, Washington, 1973.
- 8. Larrison, E. J. and K. G. Sonnenberg, Washington Birds: Their Location and Identification, The Seattle Audubon Society, Seattle, Washington, 1968.
- 9. Alcorn, G. D., " Checklist: Birds of Washington State", In: Occasional Papers No. 41, Department of Biology, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington,1971.
- 10. Brewer, L. W., The Ruffed Grouse in Western Washington, Washington Department of Game, Biological Bulletin No.16, Olympia, Washington, 1980.
- 11. " Republication of the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Species and Correction of Technical Errors in Final Rules", Federal Register, 45(99):33768-33781, May 20, 1980.
- 12. Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecological Monitoring Program,1976,
. Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co., Bellevue, Washington, 1978.
- 13. Environmental Monitoring Program, 1977, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
Bellevue, Washington, 1978. 2.2-16 l l l
l WNP-3 , ER-OL References for Section 2.2 (contd.) i 14 Chehalis River Ultrasonic Fish Tracking Studies in the Vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Envirosphere Co., Bellevue, Washington, 1978.
- 15. Siltation Impact Evaluation in the Vicinity of Washington Public Pmer Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
M levue, Washington, 1978.
- 16. Mudge, J. E., G. S. Jeane and W. Davis III, Technical Review of the Ecological Monitoring Program of WNP-3/5, Wasnington Public Power Supply System, Richland, Washington, 1980.
- 17. Statistical Analysis of the WPPSS Nuclear Projects 3 and 5 Environmental Monitoring Program, Sumary Report and Appendices A-I, Envirosphere Co., Bellevue, Washington, 1981.
- 18. " Aquatic Biology", In: NPDES Modification Request Prefiled Testimony, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, Washington, 1979.
- 19. Van Hyning, J. M., Factors Affecting the Abundance of Fall Chinook Salmon in the Columbia River, Research Reports of the Fish Commission of Oregon, 4(1), 1973.
- 20. Bell, M., Fisheries Handbook of Engineering Requirements and Biological Criteria, Corps of Army Engineers, Portland, Oregon,1973.
- 21. Scott, W. B. and E. J. Crossman, Freshwater Fishes of Canada, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 184, Ottawa, Canada.
1973.
- 22. Chapman, D. W. and T. C. Bijornn, " Distribution of Salmonids in Streams with Special Reference to Food and Feeding", In: Symposium on Salmon and Trout in Streams, T. G. Northcote (ed), H. R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., 1968.
- 23. Hart, J. L., Pacific Fishes of Canada, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Bulletin 180, Ottawa, Canada,1973.
- 24. Mundie, J. H., " Ecological Implications of the Diet of Juvenile Coho in Streams" In: Symposium on Salmon and Trout in Streams, T. G.
Northcote (ed)e H. R. MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C.,1968.
- 25. Burner, C. J., " Characteristics of Spawning Nests of Columbia River Salmon", U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fish Bulletin,61(52): 97-110, 1951.
. 2.2-17 l
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-1 PLANTS FOUND NDut WNP-3 Type Family Species Comon New Trees (Conif er) Pinaceae (Pine) Aoies grandis Grand fir Pices siteneasis Sitka scruce Pseucotsuoa m e ziesii Douglas-fir Tsuga nete-conytia Westem hemlock Cuoressaceae (Cypress) Inuja plicata Western red cedar Trees (hardwood) Aceraceae (MaDie) Acer macroonyllum Bigleaf maple Ace- ci-cinatum Vine maple Betulaceae (Biren) Ainus ruora Red alder Rus calif ornica California hazel Cornaceae (Dogwood) Cornus Nuttallit Pacific dogwood Cornus occicentalis Western dogwood Facaceae (Beech) Quercus carryana Oregon wnite oak Oleaceae (Olive) eraxinus latifolia Oregon white ash Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn) knamnus purshiana Cascara Rosaceae (Rose) Frunus emarginata Bitter cheery Sorous sitenensis Mountain Ash Salicaceae (Willow) Populus trichocaroa Pack cottonwood Salia lasianara Western black willow 5alix piperi Pipee's willow TITTx scouleriana Scouler's willow Shrubs (woody plants) Aouif oliaceae (Holly)
.I3 acuifolium English Holly Araliaceae (Genseng) colocania horridum Devil's club Berberidaceae (Barber *y)
Beroe-is nervosa Dull leaved Oregon grape Caorifoliaceae (Honeysuckle) Linnaea americana Twin flower 5amoucus cailicarea Red elderberey Samoucus oiauca Tree elderberry Symenoricaroos albus Snowber*y Celastraceae (Staff Tree) Euonvmus occidentalis Western wanoo
)
1 l l
WMP.3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-1 (contd.)
\ Type Family 5pec1es Cosenon Name Ericaceae (Heath)
Gaultheria shallon Salal Menztesia fe-ruginea Fool's huckleberry Leguminosae (Pulse) cytissus scoparius Scotch Broom R1besaceae (Currant) Ribes oracteosum Stinking currant Ti5ei divaricatum Coast black gooseberry Rosaceae (Rose) Amelanchier florida Serviceberry Holodiscus discolor Ocean spray maius rivularis Oregon crabapple Osmaronia cerasifor nis Indian plum Physocarpus capitatus Ni neb ark Rosa gymnocarpa Little wild rose Rosa nutk ana Nutka rose Rosa ruoiginosa Sweet briar rose 1G5Iis laciniatus Evergreen blackberry Ruous leucocermis Wild blackcap IIEI parviflorus Thimblebeery Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry 1G5iis thyrsanthus Himalayan blackberry
- Rubus ursinus Wild or Trailing l blackberry Spiraea douglasii Douglas's Spiraea Vaccinaceae (Huckleberry)
Vaccinium membranecum Large leaved hucklebeary V acc t n t um p arv if o lium Red huckleberry Vaccinium uliginosum Bog huckleberry Forbs (non-woody plants) Alismataceae (Water Plantain) Alisma plantago aquatica Water plantain Araceae (Arum) Lysichiton americanum Skunk cabbage Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort) Asarum caudatum Wild ginger Camoanulaceae (Harebell) campanula scouleri Scouler's harebell Carvoohvilaceae (Chickweed) cerastium arvense Field chickweed Cerastium vulgatum Mouse ear chickweed 5aponaria officinalis Bouncing bet Soergula arvensis Corn spurry Stellaria calycantha var. bongard i ana Northern starwort Stellaria media Chickweed Chenopodiaceae (Goosefoot) Chenopodium album Lane's quarters O u
I l kNP-3 l ER-OL l TABLE 2.2-1 (contd.) -Family Seccies Comen Na.me Foros (contd.) Comoositae_ (Sunf1ower) Acn111ea millif olium Yarrow Anaonaiis marca*1tacea Pearly everlasting Antennaria at-cepna Pussy toes Antnemit cotaia Dog f ennel Arctium minus Burdock Artem si a suu scor*fii Coastal worwod Aster suosoicatus Douglas's aster Bicens ceenua Beggar-ticks Enrysantnemum leucanthemum Ox eye daisy C irsium arvense Canadium thistle C irsium ecuie Indian tnistle C irs i um i anceo lata Corrion thistle Helenium autumnaie Sneezeweed Hierac ium aioeetinum Hawnweed hycocnaeris racicata Cat's ear C actuca ciennis Wild lettuce Metricaria matricarioides Pineacole weed Petasttes sirciosus Western colt's foot Senecio facocaes Tansey ragwort 5enecio syivaticus Woods senecio 5enecio vuiqarls Groundsel Tanacetum vuicare Garden tansey Taraxacum officinale Dandelion Convolvulaceae (Morning Glory) Convoivuius arnensis Field eindweed convolvuius seoium Moming glory Crucif eraceae (Mustard) Brassica camoestris Wild tumio Caose lla cursa-oastoris Shepard's purse Carcamine anculata Angle leaf cress Carcamine oiioosoema Bittercress Dentaria tene 61a Slender centaria Descurainta soonia Flixweed Raonanus sativus Wild radish Roripa nautartium-acuatica Water cress dis nbrium ofticinaie Hedge mustard Curcubitaceae (Gourd) Maran oregana Wild cucumber Cyoeraceae (Sedge) Carex californica California sedge Carex conuota Rougn slougn sedge Carex st.pata Awl-fruited sedge T To7 harts palustris Creeping sedge 5 circus mierecarous Small fruited bulrush scircus vaiicus American great bulrush Ecuisetaceae (Horsetail) touisetum arvense Corrnon horsetail Ecuisetum teimatea Giant horsetail Fumariaceae (Bleeding Heart) Corvoalis scouleri Western corydalis Dicentra f cmosa Western bleeding heart O
WNP-3 ER-OL m TABLE 2.2-1 (contd.) Type Family 5oec1es Ccemon ' tame Forbs (contd.) Gerant aceae (Geranium) Erodium cicutarium Stort's bill 4 Graminese (Grass) Agrooymn r=cens Quact grass Agrostis scanra Rougn hate grass Aira caryomyiies Silvery hair grass Antnox antnum ocorstum Sweet vernal grass scomus pac tricus Pacific brome-grass Bromus sitenensis Alasta 3 rome-grass FaTtt7 Tis glomeratus Orcnard grass Elwnes 3 Ryegrass Festuca arundinaceae Meadow fescue Glyceria morealis Northern mana grass Hoicus lanatus Velvetgrass Lolium multiflorum Perennial rye grass Melica suoulata Alaska onion grass Phalaris arunoinacea Reed canary grass Poa annua Annual blue grass
@ pratensis Kentucky blue grass Hydrocharitaceae (Frog's Bit)
Eieocea canacensis Waterweed vasitsneria americana Tapegrass
\ Hydr 3cnyllaceae (Waterleaf)
Hvoroonvllum tenuice$ Slender stemed waterleaf Phace it a nemoraiis Woodland placella Hypericaceae (St. John's Wort)
- timericum perforatum *t. John's mort Juncaceae (Rush)
Luzuia camoestris Connon mod rush Luzula parviflora Small flowered woodrush Juncus eff usus Comon rush Labi atae (Mint) Mentna arvensis Field mint Prunella vuloaris Heal all , stachys cii tata Medge nettle Lecuminosae (Pulse) nosoacu a rosea Rose flowered hosackia Latnyrus latifolius Perennial pea Lotus corniculatus Bird's foot trefoil Lotus micranthus Small flowered lotus Luoinus oicolor Lindley's annual lupine Lucinus polvenyllus Large leaved lupine Trif olium cuoium Least hop clover Trif olium hvoricum Alsike clover Irif o i t um pratense Red clover Trif olium recens White clover Vict s americana %nerican vetch Vicia ancustifolia Narrow leaf vetch Vicia cracca Cow vetch (O) Lemnaceae (Duckweed) Lema minor Duckweed
- . - - ~ ,
'ND-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-1 (contd.)
i Type Family S peci_es Comen May Forbs (contd.) Liliaceae (Lily) Ailium senoenoca-s e Wild cnives Discorum oceaanum Oregon fairy bells Uisocrum smitnii Large-flowered fairy Ma t antnemum b1f oli um False lily of the valley Smiiacina amoievicaults False solomon's seal w iacina sessiiifoiia Small f alse solomon's seal Streetoous amolerif olia Twisted stalk irilitum ovatum
, Trilliun Malvaceae (Mallow)
Ma iva mosenata Musk mallow Nromaceae (Pond Lily) hronaea polysepala Yellow pond lily Onaaraceae (Evening Primrose) c i-caea pacifica Enenanter's nigntsnade Epilooium acenocaulon Carmion western willownere Eoilcoium anoustif olium Fireweed t_J o a c o ium ), an i c u i at um Tall annual willow her0 Orenidaceae (Orenid) cora sicrnira maculata Spotted coral root Goocyearea decioens var. oolonolfolia Sotrantnes romenroffiana Ladies tresses _Plantaginaceae (Plantain) r iantago lancellata Rib grass Plantago major Wide leaf plantain Polyconaceae (Knotweed) Polyconum aviculare Doorweed Polvgenum convoivuius Black bineweed vo ivoonum oersicar t a Ladies thame Rumes acetosella Field so rel Rumex erisouus Sour dock Polycodiaceae (Fern) Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair fern A tnyri um f e l i x -f erii ne a Lady feen Drycoteris ciiatata Wood feen Polycod ium glycyranira Licorice root fern Poiysticnum munitum Sword feen Ptericium acuiiinum Bracken fern Strutnicoteris soicant Deer fern Portulacaceae (Plurslane) Montia perfoliata Miner's lettuce Montia sioirica Western scring beauty Montia scatnuiata Pale monita Potamocetonaceae (Pondweeq) Potamoceton coinvdrus Nuttal's Dondweed Potamoceton ricna msoni Richardson's pondweed Primulaceae (Petmrose) Trientalis latifolia Star flower
WNP-3 ER-OL
, TA8LE 2.21 (contd.) \
Type Family
, Species Ceaunon Name Ranunculaceae (Buttercup)
Actaea arguta Baneberry Aquilegia femosa Columoine Aruncus syi sester Goat's beard Coptis laciniatus 'mestern gold thread Ranunculus acris Tall field buttercup Ranuncuius bengardi Bongard's buttercup Ranunculus macouni Macoun's buttercup R anunculus rapens Creeping buttercup Rosaceae (Rose) . Geum macroonyllum Large leaved avens Tiitentiiia pacifica Pacific silverweed Potenttila paiustris Marsh Cinquefoil Rubiaceae (Madder) Galium aparine Bedstraw N tritiorum_ Fragrant bedstraw Saxifracaceae 'Saxifrage) Mitella caulenscens Leafy stenened mitre wort Tellima grandiflora Large fringe cup TIIFeTTa trifoiiata Three leaved coolwort Toimica menziesii Bristle flower Scrochulariaceae (Figwort) Digita lis purourea Foxglove Giechoma hederacea Ground ivy Linaria vuiqaris Butter and eggs Mimulus guttatus Conunon monkey flower veronica americana American speedwell Solanaceae (Potato) Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet nightshade Sparganiaceae (Bur-reed) Sparganium simplex Simple-stensned but reed Typhaceae (Cat-tail) g latifolia Comon cat-tail 4 Umbellif erae (Parsley) caucus carota Wild carrot Heracleum lanatum Cow parsnip Denanthe sarmentosa Wooly head parsnip Urticaceae (Stinging Nettle) Urtica lyallit Stinging nettle Violacea 'w'olet) viola grabella Smooth woodland violet viola se noervirens Evergreen violet Berberidaceae (Barberry) Aclys trionylla Vanilla leaf Vancouveria nexandra Inside-out-flower V
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-2 MAMMALS FOUND NEAR WNP-3 Family Order Species Common Name Marsupialia Pouched Mammals Didelphiidae Opossums Didelphis marsupialis Opossum Insectivora Insect-Eaters Soricidae Shrews Serex bendirei Pacific Water Shrew
, Sorex cinereus Masked Shrew Sorex obscurus Dusky Shrew Sorex palustris Northern Water Shrew Sorex towbriogei Towbridge Shrew Sorex vagrens Vagrant Shrew Taloidae Moles Neuretrichus gibbsi Shrew-Mole Scapanus orarius Pacific Mole Scapanus townsendi Townsend Mole Chiroptera Bats
- Vespertilonidae Plainnose Bats Myotis californicus Californig Myotis Myotis evotis Long-eared Myotis Myotis lucifungus Little Brown Myotis Myotis volans Hairy Winged Myotis
, Myotis vumanensis Yuma Myotis
" Lasionverteris noctivacans Silver Haired Bat Las1urus cinereus Hoary Bat Eptesicus fucus Big Brown Bat
; P lecotus townendi Western Big-Eared Bat L .
Carnivora Carnivores Ursidae Bears
.Ursus americanus Black Bear Procyonidae Raccons Procyon lotor Raccoon Mustelidae '
Weasels, Skunks, etc. Martes americana Marten l Mustela pennanti Fisher Mustela erminea Shorttail Weasel l Mustela frenata .Longtail Weasel ! . Mustela'vison Mink l Lutra canadensis River Otter Mephitis mephitis . Striped Skunk -
'- dottogale putorius Spotted Skunk o
f WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-2 (contd.) O Family Order Species Common Name Canidae Dogs, Wolves and Foxes Canus latrans Coyote Vulpes fulva Red Fox Felidae Cats Felis concolor Mountain Lion Lynx rufus Bobcat Rodentia Gnawing Mammals Aplodontiidae Aplandantia Aplandantia ruf a Mountain Beaver Sciuridae Squirrels Eutamias townsendi Townsend Chipmunk Tamiasciurus douglasi Chickaree Glaucomys sabrinus Northern Flying Squirrel Castoridae Beavar O Castor canadensis Cricetidae Betver Mice, Rats and Voles Peromyscus maniculatis Deer Mouse. Neotoma cinerea Bushy tailed Woadrat Microtus oregoni Oregon Vole Microtus longicandus Longtail Vole Microtus townsendi Townsend Vol. Ondatra zibethica Muskrat Zapodidae Jumping Mice. Zapus trinotatus Pacific Jumping Mouse Erethizontidae Porcupines ' Erethizon dorasatum Porcupine Lagomorpha Hares and Rabbits Leporidae Hares and Rabbits Lepus americanus Snowshoe Hare Artiodactyla Even-Toed Hoofed Mammals Cervidae Deer Cervus canadensis Elk Udocoileus hermionus Black-tailed Deer columbianus b .
l WNP-3 , ER-OL 1 TABLE 2.2-3 NUMBER AND RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF SMALL MAMMALS COLLECTED NEAR WNP-3, 1978 TCW(a) CCW TFW CFW Common Name Scientific Name No. R.A.(b) No. R.A. No. R.A. No. R.A. Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 122 98.4 73 97.3 15 53.6 20 48.8 Pacific jumping Zapus trinotatus 1 0.8 0 - 1 3.6 10 24.4 mouse Shrews (c) Sorex spp. 0 - 0 - 10 35.7 11 26.8 Townsend's chip- Eutamias townsendi 0 - 0 - 1 3.6 0 - munk Northern flying Glaucomys sabrinus 0 - 0 - 1 3.6 0 - squirrel Short tailed Mustela erminea 1 0.8 2 2.7 0 - 0 - weasel TOTAL 124 100.0 75 100.0 28 100.1 41 100.0 (a) TCW = treatment clearcut Watershed CCW = Control Clearcut Watershed TFW = Treatment Forested Watershed (b) CFW Relative = control abundance forestedis given Watershed in percent (c) Shrews are difficult to. positively identify without examination of skulls; most individudls were probably Trowbridge shrews (Sorex trowbidget) and vagrant shrews (Sorex vagrans). - s;; , . s .m
;. - - . . = . _ _
WNP-3 ER-OL !^ e, s TABLE 2.2-4 AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES WHICH OCCUR IN GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY Order
> Species _
Common Name
~
Urodela - Taricha c ranulosa granulosa PacificNorthwestNewt(a) Dicamptocon ensatus . Pacific Giant Salamander Rhyacotriton olympicus olympicus Olympic Mountain Salamander Ambystoma gracile gracile Northwestern Salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum Long-toed Salamander Plethodon vandykei Washington Salamander Plethodon vehiculum Wer, tern Red-Backed Salamander Ensatina eschscholtzi oregonensis Oregon Red Salamander Anura Ascaphus truei American Ribbed Toad Bufo boreas boreas Northwestern Toad f\ h Hl ba regilla aurora aurora Pacific Tree Frog Western Wood Frog (a) Rana cascada Washington Frog Rana catesbieana _ Bullfrog s Chelonia j Chelonia mydas agassizi East Pacific Giec isrtle Lacertilia , Gerrhonotus coeruleaus principis Northern Alligator Lizard Serpentes Thamnophis ordinoides Puget Garter Snake Thamnophis elegans nigrescens Dusky Garter Snake Puget Sound Garter Snake Thamnophis sirtalis trilineata Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi Northwestern Garter Snake (a) Observed in the site area.
\
V - d
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.2-5 FISH SPECIES SAMPLED IN CHEHALIS AND SATSOP RIVERS, 1977-1979 Scientific Name Common Name Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Chinook Salmon Oncnrhynchus keta Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch Coho Salmon ~ Salmo gairdneri Rainbow Trout Salmq clarki Cutthroat Trout Prosopium williamsoni Mountain Whitefish Pomoxis nigromaculatus Black Crappie Micropterus salmoides Largemouth Bass Rhinchthys cataractae Longnose Dace Rhinchthys osculus Speckled Dace Mylocheilus caurinus Peamouth Ptychocheilus oregonensis Northern Squawfish Richardsonius balteatus Redside Shiner Cyprinidae Minnow (Unidentified) Cyprini dae Minnows (Pe.amouth & Redside Shiner) Perca flavescens Yellow Perch Alosa sapidi'.sima American Shad Catostomus macrocheilus Largescale Sucker Cottus asper Prickly Sculpin i Cottus rhotheus Torrent Sculpin Cottus bairdi Mottled Sculpin Cottus aleuticus Coastrange Sculpin Gasterosteus aculeatus Anadromous Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus Resident Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus Hybrid Stickleback Petromyzanti dae Lamprey E7tosphenus tridentatus Pacific Lamprey Lampetra ayresi River Lamprey Lampetra richardsoni Western Brook Lamprey Platichthys stellatus Starry Flounder
O O WNP-3 O ER-OL TABLE 2.2-6 POTENTIAL SPAWNING AREAS FOR SITE STREAMS I Year 1%8-1%8(a) 1976 (b) 1977-1978(b) 1978-1979 1979-1980 1 % 0-1981
- Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential Potential ,
Coho Salmon Coho Salmon Coho Salmon Coho Salmon Coho Salmon Coho Salmon or Steelhead or Steelhead or Steelhead or Steelhead or Steelhead or Steelhead
- Area Area Area Area Area Area Stream (yd2 ) Redds (yd2 ) Redds (yd2 ) Redds (yd2) Redds (yd2) Redds (yd2) Redds '
Workman --(c) __ g(d) 0 1,246 89 1,179 84 1,303 93 1,091 78 , Fuller 250 18 140 10 98 7 105 7 176(9) 12(9) 173(9) 12(9) Hyatt -- -- 0 0 0 0 -- -- 0(f) O(f) O(f) 0(f) Elizabeth 660 47 290 21 70 5 42(e) 3(8) 56(e) 4(e) 63(e) 4(e) i I (a) Washington Department of Fisheries,1%9. (b) Reference 2.2-15. (c) --denotes no survey was conducted. d) Upper stretch of Workman not surveyed in 1976. This was the region where spawning was found in 1977-78. e) Potential in rechannelized portion only. ' f) Gravel present in upper areas but high culvert at mouth in 1979-80 and dam in 1980-81 eliminates all potential anadromous spawning. (g) Maximum estimated during all surveys.
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( e AGUATIC SAMPUNG STAil0NS F0 FUL11A BRIDGE SR SATSOPlWER l HA HOLINNG AREA WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM l DA DISCHARGE AREA WNP-3 ER-OL l 1A INTAKE AREA l wi.w2, ws w0RuuAN CREEK o ire i e va.. St STEIN CREEK [, ,,p ,,,l 3 H EW CREEK i i i Ft F2,F3 FULLIR CREEK o 2 3 m.s ,e AQUATIC ECOLOGY SAMPLING AREAS l1l ANGLER SURVEY SECTIONS FIGURE 2.2-4
l l I SPECIES FRESH WATER LIFE PHASE J F M A M J J A S O N D I SPRING CHINOOK UPSTREAM MiGRATON m aammansam SPAWNING ammammes INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT mumim ammmmmmm ess emamaname mumm JUVENILE REARING seemem amemmass ammenen: JUVENILE OUT MIGRATON ammmmme easemanaammasamanasa FALL CHINOOK UPSTREAM MiGRATON maamemamamm SPAWNING meanma INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT sum amassamma- me smasamamme JUVENILE REARING m a m m m m es m aa m m message m JUVENILE OUT MIGRATON ammammanus e asemanamane amme I COMO UPSTREAM MiGRATON - m ammammamaam mmmum SPAWNING Immasse Imammamemana INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT maammmesasemasemman meani JUVENILE REARt:4G m e as am as e e am as em a em em e am am a as ame JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON emmma manassomammamman CHUM UPSTREAM MiGRATON m ama m SPAWNING mammesa INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT mamanasem mammmmmus - amami JUVENILE REAR!NG summmmm esmemm m manesasu m JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON mm-amasammes mamasasammme
'8ARUN UPSTREAM MORATON mmme mamamasemmasamen-SPAWNING mamanamanasam es- maman )7HROAT INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT JUVENILE REARING mmmmmme e memes uma ammasame-as eman am m aam mmm menamanm emanamman m e JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON mamamas anam usan am WINTER STEELHEAD UPSTREAM MiGRATON manau ssam m am amamam mmmmms asummage s SPAWNING mammmaammem masemman ammu INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT -memman ammasammenennesamese mumm JUVENILE REARING m a m m eam m am an am am m e ss a m m am m am am m es m us em aa ss am an -
JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON suen emm enme me AMERICAN SHAD UP3TREAM MIGRATON ammmesse m em-SPAWNING ammsammmmm mune m INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT as e m as a m us JUVENILE REARING ummus eamasemmamaam JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON amasammea WHITE STURGEON UPSTREAM M'GRATON maam m m amasem m anam m en e n e SPAWNING mesmemamm mesmanamamanas INTRAGRAVEL DEVELOPMENT mamam anasamanmessenemann JUVENILE REARING asememmmmmanammme JUVENILE OUT-MIGRATON em m e ame nsammene esas e as em-m m esmas PEAK PERIOD OF ' ACTIVITY GENERAL PERIOD OF ACTIVITY WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FRESHWATER LIFE PHASES OF ANADROM0US FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 FISH IN THE CHEHALIS RIVER OPERATING LICENSE 2.2-5 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
WNP-3 ER-OL - ; )
\d 2.3 METEOROLOGY 2.3.1 Regional Climatology The climate of the lowlands of western Washington is dominated by two large-scale meteorological f actors: the mid-latitude westerly winds and the proximity of the Pacific Ocean. The mid-latitude westerly winds are a feature of the global climate f rom about 300N to 600N. The westerlies carry a recurring progression of low-pressure systems called synoptic storms, which develop, move east, and dissipate in the mid-latitudes. The westerlies and their associated storms are most intense in the winter months; they weaken and shift northward in the summer months.
The Pacific Ocean moderates the seasonal and daily variability in climate as air masses move eastward over the land. Winters are warmer and summers cooler than at other locations of the same latitude. Cloudiness and high humidities are also persistent features. The topography of Grays Harbor County does little to obstruct the eastward flow, especially at locations in the west-east trending Chehalis River Valley. The westerlies and the proximity and exposure to the Pacific Ocean combine to cause a predominance of maritime polar air masses over the region. Humidities are generally high in these air masses with the morning maxima f~'s) usually above 90 percent. The passage of storm systems of ten includes the ( passage of a boundary or front between the subtropical and polar air N- / masses. The fronts are of ten indistinct and are related to broad bands of weather activity. Winters in Grays Hai bcr County tend to have the worst weather of any - season. The synoptic storms move repeatedly through the area, bringing continuous rain, cloudiness and windy conditions to exposed locations. Of ten, there is persistent cloudiness for several weeks duration. Heavy snows do occur about once every two or three years. Low temperatures are in the 300F to 400F range, with little daily variation. The summer climate in this area reflects the weakening of the westerly winds and storms. Skies are often f air to partly cloudy and precipitation generally comes in the form of brief, rarely intense showers. Stormy cloudy conditions can dominate for several days in a row, but they are generally less pervasive or severe than in the winter months. The sunmer climate is generally pleasant and mild, with daily afternoon high tempera-tures in the 700F to 800F range. 2.3.2 Local Meteorology Local meteorological conditions are described by both the onsite monitor-ing program (see Subsection 6.1.3) and longer term records for nearby stations. The data recorded between October 1979 and September 1981 are sunnarized in this section; additional detail and interpretation are pro-fe~'x vided in Section 2.3 of the WNP-3 Final Safety Analysis Report.
! )
v 2.3-1
WNP-3 ER-OL 2.3.2.1 Temperature and Dew Point The long-term temperatures for the site area can be described by data reported by first-order National Weather Service st s and cooperative observers at Aberdeen, Elma, Oakville, and Olympia. Monthly tem-peratures at these locations are shown in Table 2.3-1. Also listed for comparison are the average monthly temperatures observed onsite during the two-year period ending September 1981. The moderating influence of the ocean noted in Subsection 2.3.1 is obvious when temperatures at Aberdeen are compared with tnose for the inland locations. Regarding extremes, the highest temperature on record at Elma is a July reading of 1050F while the lowest is 00F recorded in January. The extremes of record for ' Olympia are 1030F (July 1941) and -707 (January 1942). Annual f requency distributions for onsite temperature versus time of day are given in Tables 2.3-2a and 2.3-2b for the two heights (10m and 60m). Temperatures above 300C (860F) occurred about 0.3 percent of the time. The National Weather Service Station at Olympia provides a long-term record for regional dew point and humidity data. The monthly mean values of dew point and relative humidity for Olympia are compared with the two-year means recorded onsite in Table 2.3-3. Tables 2.3-4 and 2.3-5 provide the annual f requency distributions versus hour of day for measured dew points and calculated wet bulbs, respectively, for onsite data. The representativeness of Olympia temperature and dew point data relative to the plant site is illustrated by Table 2.3-6 which compares the monthly means for the two locations for the same 12-month period. From this data it is seen that the site experiences slightly lower mean maximums and higher mean minimums than Olympia. Relative humidities at the site are lower than those for Olympia. 2.3.2.2 Wind Speed and Direction Composite average wind rose data recorded on site at the 10-meter level f rom October 1979 through September 1981 are shown in Tables 2.3-7a through 2.3-71. These data illustrate the climatological phenomenon of slightly stronger winds and more f requent calms during the winter months. The late f all and winter winds have a strong easterly component while the Spring-sumer winds are dominated by the SSW direction. The annual sum-maries for each 12-month period are shown in Tables 2.3-8a and 2.3-8b. The first year (October 1979 - September 1980) had considerably more observations of calms than did the second year. The directional distribu-tions for each year match very closely with the SSW wind predominating. Tables 2.3-9a and 2.3-9b provide comparison of wind roses for 10m and 60m, respectively, f or the two-year monitoring program. Average wind speeds at 10m and 60m were 1.5 and 3.1 m/sec, respectively. In addition to the expected higher winds, the 60m level has directional peaks in the ENE and WSW-W as compared with the singular SSW peak at the 10m level. The ENE direction is dominant at the 60m level during the winter months. 2.3-2 O l
WNP-3 ER-OL b Olympia is the closest offsite weather station with long-tem wind data available for comparison. The frequency distribution of annual winds (in knots) is given in Table 2.3-10 which shows prevailing winds are from SSW-SW. Average wind speed at Olympia is about 3 m/sec. 2.3.2.3 Atmospheric Stability Stability classification of the onsite data is based on vertical tempera-ture difference. Pasquillstabilitycategorieswereapsjgnedaccordingto the delta-T ranges described in Regulatory Guide 1.23.16 1 The cate-gories are defincd in Table 2.3-11. Table 2.3-12 is an annual sumary of stability versus time-of-day. Class E is the most frequent in all hours and averages 62.9 percent occurrence. Classes D, F, and G average 17.9, 12.5, and 6.5 percent, respectively. Joint frequencies of wind speed and direction for the various stability categories are shown in Tables 2.3-13a through 2.3-13g. The prevailing winds during neutral (Class D) and slightly stable (Class E) conditions are f rom the SSW. Winds are f airly uniformly distributed during moder-ately stable (Class F) conditions, although the southwesterly winds are least frequent. Under extremely stable (Class G) conditions, the north-erly component predominates with the southwesterly winds occurring least f requently. p (dI Regional atmospheric stability (and general djffusion potential) is indi-cated by mixing heights compiled by Holzworthl7) for locations through-out the United States. The station nearest the site for which data were used in the summary. Although not as representative as onsite data, these sunmaries depict the general nature of air pollution at coastal locations in the northwestern United States. The mesa seasonal and annual mixing heights and wind speeds for Seattle are presented in Table 2.3-14. The diurnal variation apparent in these data is less than would be experienced generally at a continental location. 2.3.2.4 Precipitation The WNP-3 site area receives about 75 percent:of the annual precipitation in the 6-month period between mid-October and mid-April. Average monthly precipitation totals from the onsite data are listed in Table 2.3-15 with long-term observations for various stations in the area. The decrease in precipitation with distance from the ocean is evident. Precipitation at the site and Elma are compared for each month of a 12-month period in Table 2.3-16. The two locations have the same pattern with the plant site recording slightly less rainf all in most months. Elma averages about 180 days per year with measurable precipitation. Measurable precipitation occurred onsite about 16 percent of the time during the 24-month monitor-ing program. l l Precipitation wind roses, composited by month, for the onsite data are i p given in Tables 2.3-17a through 2.3-171.. Tables 2.3-18a and 2.3-18b pro-vide comparison of the precipitation wind roses for the two heights of l
. 2.3-3
WNP-3 ER-OL measurement. The frequency distribution of rainf all intensities measured onsite is given by Table 2.3-19. 2.3.3 Topograohy As shown in Figure 2.1-2, WNP-3 is located on a ridge about 300 ft above the Chehalis River valley. Figures 2.3-1 and 2.3-2 present topographic profiles out to 10 miles and 50 miles, respectively. The Chehalis valley to the north and Willapa Hills to the south are the dominant features near the plant. At distances beyond 10 miles, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Olympic Mountains to the north are important topographic features. ( 0 e d f 2.3-4 . e I &
WNP-3 ER-OL m . \ Ref erences for Section 2.3
- 1. Hourly Meteorological Data - Olympia, Washington, 1948-1968, U.S.
Department of Commerce, Asheville, North Carolina.
- 2. Local Climatological Data - Annual Summary with Comparative Data, U.S. Department of Commerce, Olympia, Washington,1978. ,
- 3. Climatography of the United States No. 86-39, Climatic Summary of the United States-Supplement for 1951 through 1960, Weather Bureau, U.S.
Departnent of Connerce, Washington, D.C.,1965.
- 4. Climatography of the United States, No. 20-45, Climatological Summary
( Aberdeen-Hoquiam, Oakville, Olympia), U.S. Department of Commerce, in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Commerce and Economic Development.
- 5. Phillips, E. L. and Donrldson, W. R., Washington Climate for these Counties - Clallam, Grays ;! arbor, Jefferson, Pacific, and Wahkiakum, Cooperative Extension Service, College of Agriculture, Washington l State University, Pullman, Washington,1972.
l cs 6. Onsite Meteorological Programs, Regulatory Guide 1.23, U.S. Nuclear ( Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., September 1980.
}
- 7. Holzworth, G. C., Mixing Heights, Wind Speeds, and Potential for Urban Air Pollution through the Contiguous United States, Publication No. AP-101, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 1972.
l l
~.,) -
2.3-5 ' s .
WNP-3 ER-OL TA8LE 2.3-1 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL TEMPERATURES ( F) IN THE SITE VICINITY Aberdeen
- Elma Oakville Olympia Ne Average Average Average Average Average Average Average Average Daily Daily Nnthly Daily Daily Nnthly Daily Daily Nnthly Daily Daily Pbnthly mnthly Month Maximum Min t.aum Average Maximum Minimtsn Average Maximum Minimum Average Maximum Minlmtsa Average Average January 45.3 34.0 39.7 4A.6 31.2 37.8 44.8 32.0 38.4 45.1 31.1 38.1 39.0 February 49.0 34.6 41.8 49.5 33.4 41.3 48.9 33.1 41.0 49.6 32.2 40.9 43.2 March 52.2 35.9 44.1 53.5 34.1 43.8 53.1 35.0 44.1 54.4 34.0 44.2 45.0 April 58.0 39.5 48.8 60.3 38.0 49.2 60.9 38.1 49.5 62.3 37.6 50.0 48.2 May 63.0 43.6 53.3 67.4 42.7 55.1 67.2 42.2 54.7 68.6 41.6 55.1 51.5 June 66.4 47.9 57.2 71.3 46.7 59.0 71.9 46.3 59.1 72.6 45.5 59.1 54.6 July 69.7 50.4 60.1 76.2 49.7 63.0 77.5 49.8 63.7 79.7 48.0 63.9 61.3 Augus.t 70.1 51.1 60.6 75.4 49.3 62.4 76.8 50.1 63.5 78.9 47.8 63.4 60.1 September 69.0 48.3 58.7 72.2 46.5 59.3 72.8 46.4 59.6 72.6 44.4 58.5 57.2 October 61.9 43.5 52.7 62.7 41.9 52.3 62.2 42.2 52.2 62.3 40.5 51.4 52.4 November 52.4 38.0 45.2 52.6 36.2 44.5 51.4 36.5 44.0 52.4 35.2 43.8 44.4 December 47.5 36.3 41.9 47.7 34.5 41.1 46.5 35.0 40.8 47.5 33.9 40.7 43.5 Annual 58.7 41.9 50.3 61.1 40.4 50.7 61.2 40.6 50.9 62.2 39.3 50.8 50.0 (a?' 20 ml W of WNP-3 at Elev. 12 ft MSL. Period of record 1931-1960.
I b 4 mi NE at Elev.4100 ft MSL. Period of record 1942-1960. Lc? 14 al SE at Elev.<200 ft MSL. Period of record 1931-1960. i d l 27 mi E at Elev. 190 ft MSL. Period of record 1931-1960. llej 10 m height on tower with base at Elev. 310 ft MSL. Perlad of record October 1979-September 1981. l O O O
TAOLE 2.3-2A Aamam FaE3trat? $!STRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE US. TIME OF DAfe 10-METER LEVEL
\ . +--------------- ten,ER.TuRE cci------------ --,
SELOW >-20 >-15 >-10 > -5 >0 > 5 > 10 > 15 > 20 > 25 A80VE MOUR -20 70-15 70-10 TO -5 TO 0 TO 5 To to TO 15 T0 20 70 25 TO 30 30 0 0.00 0 00 0.00 0.57 3.28 20 09 37.44 35.47 2.54 0.57 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 4.29 20.89 37.48 33.76 2.58 0.43 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 0 14 0 43 4.42 21.97 38.37 31.95 2.43 0.29 0.00 0.00 3 0.00 0.00 0 28 0.43 4.49 23.30 39.04 29.69 2.41 0 14 0.00 0.00 4 0.00 0.00 0.28 0 43 5.54 23.01 39.20 29 24 2.13 0.14 0.00 0.00 5 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.43 5.85 23.25 37.95 29.96 2.14 0 14 0.00 0 00 6 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.43 4.12 21 74 36.84 32.15 2.13 0.28 0.00 0.00 7 0.00 0.00 0 28 0.43 5.24 20 17 34.23 34.22 2.41 0.?? 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 29 0.29 4.44 17.84 31.80 39.28 4.32 1.44 0.29 0.00 9 0.00 0.00 0 14 0.29 3.29 15.59 29.41 39.04 9.44 2.00 0.43 0 14 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 2.01 12.21 28.02 34.21 14.47 3.14 0.86 0 43 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 1.72 10.49 24.44 35.72 18.39 5.17 1.15 0.57 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.29 ?.ft 26.19 35.25 19.71 7.63 1.15 0.84 13 . 0 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 7.37 25 43 34.25 19.65 9.39 1.73 1 30 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 00 6.88 25.50 33.38 21.06 8.31 2.72 1.15 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.43 6.59 26.65 33.38 19.77 8.88 2.29 1.00 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.29 8.31 27.94 33.09 19.20 7.59 1.58 I,.00 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.42 10.48 28.21 34.90 17.52 5.27 1.14 0 85 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 57 12.82 30 43 34.47 13.82 3.42 0.57 0 71 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 14 1.84 13.88 22.19 39.20 9.14 2.72 0.57 0.29 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 1.98 15.11 34.44 40 11 5.37 2.12 0.54 0 00 21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 2.00 17.12 34.?5 39.80 3.57 1 71 0.29 0 00 22 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.57 2.54 17.90 34.94 39.91 3.27 0.85 0.00 0.00 23 0.00 v.00 0.00 0.57 3.40 19.01 36.03 37.73 2.70 0.57 0.00 0 00 m.= = NUMBER OF OBSERVAT10NSele806 PER100 0F RECORD 10/79 THROU8H 9/81 v TABLE 2.3-28 MNUAL FREQUENCY DISTR!3UTION OF TEMPERATURE VS. TIME OF DAY 40-METER LEVEL
+--------------- TEMPERATURE (C) ---------------+
BELOW >-20 >-15 >-10 > -5 >0 > 5 > 10 > 15 > 20 > 25 ABOVE HOUR -20 T0-15 70-10 TO -5 TO O TO 5 TO 10 TO 15 70 20 TO 25 TO 30 30 un. .= n.= .-. == - - 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 1.93 14.88 38.75 39.35 2.09 0.32 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 2.25 18.20 38.97 38.14 1.77 0.14 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 2.42 18.34 40.42 34.23 1.77 0.14 0.00 0.00 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 2.71 18.82 40.99 35.09 1.59 0 14 0.00 0.00 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 3.20 19.34 40.44 34.40 1 60 0.14 0.00 0.00 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 3.19 19.81 38.98 33.78 1.44 0 16 0.00 0.00 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 3.53 18.91 35.58 39.42 1.74 0.14 0.00 0.00 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 3.38 17.39 32.53 41.38 4.03 0.64 0 16 0.00 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 3.24 15.53 29.94 40.13 9.22 1.13 0.32 0.00 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 1.42 12.42 29.13 38.83 14.54 2.27 0.49 0.00 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 1.47 10.77 26.43 35.73 18.60 5.04 1 14 0.33 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 42 8.93 24 19 35.55 21.75 6.17 1 14 0.45 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 6.64 23.21 34.49 20.42 8.40 2.27 0.81 13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.99 6.08 22.50 34.98 22.17 9.34 2.79 1.15 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 1.13 5 47 23.82 35.33 20.91 9.40 2.76 0.97 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.45 5.64 23.99 34 23 21.58 7.89 2.42 0.81 le 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 44 6.73 25.00 34.84 20.51 7.85 0.96 0.44 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.59 8.44 27.07 37.10 18.79 5.57 0.00 0 64 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.60 9.94 29.97 39.42 14.90 3.37 0.32 0.48 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.77 10.91 32.74 41.73 10.43 1.77 0.32 0.32 20 0.00 0.00 0 00 0.00 1.92 11.34 35.30 44 25 4.07 0.96 0.14 0.00
}j 21 22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.48 1.93 12.54 35.85 44.05 4.50 0.48 0.32 0.00 1.74 14.58 34.13 42.79 3.80 0.32 0.14 0.00 sf 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 48 1.91 15.90 37.34 41.18 2.54 0.64 0.00 0.00
. . = . .-. .. - w. .-. u - . - .
MUMDER OF 00 SERVAT 10NSe14922 PERIOD OF RECORD 10/79 THROUGH f/81
. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ . _ J
WNP-3 ER-OL _ TABLE 2.3-3 MEAN DEW POINT AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY VALUES FOR OLYMPIA (a) AND WNP-3 SITE (b) Dew Point (OF) Relative Humidity (O Month 0lymoia WN M 01ymoia WNP-3 January 33.5 33.1 88 78.5 February 35.3 40.0 84 88.5 March 35.5 39.4 80 81.5 April 38.5 40.2 75 75 May 43.0 42.8 73 74 June 48.3 46.1 73 75 July 50.9 50.2 70 69 Augu st 51.2 51.4 73 75 September 48.6 49.2 78 75 October 44.'9 46.7 85 81.5 November 38.3 40.3 88 86 December 36.5 41.3 89 91 Annual 41.8 43.4 81 79 l i (a) 1961 - 1969 and 1972 - 1978 (b) October 1979 - September 1981 e e G~
s . 1 TABLE 2.3-4 ANNUAL FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF DEV POINT TEMPERATURE VS. TIME OF DAY, 60-METER LEVEL l
+....... .___--- TEMPERATURE (C) ---------------+ ;
BELOW >-20 >-15 >-10 > -5 >0 > 5 > 10 > 15 > 20 > 25 ABOVE HOUR -20 T0-15 T0-10 TO -5 TO 0 TO 5 TO 10 TO 15 TO 20 TO 25 TO 30 30
===== = = = = ===== ===== ===== = = = = _____ == == __-- -
0 0.00 0.28 0.57 1.28 4.69 29.73 42.39 20.34 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.11 0.72 1.00 5.29 29.90 42.20 20.03 0.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.14 0.57 0.85 5.84 32.05 40.88 18.80 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 0.00 0.14 0.71 0.85 6.55 29.63 43.30 17.95 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 0.00 0.14 0.71 0.85 7.07 33.10 40.88 16.69 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.00 0.14 0.72 0.72 6.50 32.08 42.77 16.47 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 0.00 0.14 0.85 0.71 6.39 31.82 41.90 17.76 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 O 7 0.00 0.28 0.57 1.00 5.83 30.16 43.67 18.21 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 0.00 0.14 0.72 1.01 6.34 30.55 41.64 18.73 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 0.00 0.43 0.43 1.00 6.45 27.08 41.99 21.63 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10 0.00 0.29 0.43 1.' 1 5.89 27.73 41.67 21.55 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 11 0.00 0.29 0.4 t * /2 5.90 26.76 42.16 22.30 1.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 12 0.00 0.57 0.14 1.01 6.03 26.58 42.10 21.84 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 13 0.00 0.58 0.14 0.72 5.34 25.83 44.01 21.79 1.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 0.00 0.57 0.14 1.00 645. 26.61 42.63 21.60 1.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 15 0.00 0.57 0.14 1.15 5.60 25.54 44.91 20.95 1.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 16 0.00 0.57 0.29 0.86 5.45 28.26 42.90 20.52 1.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 17 0.00 0.58 0.29 0.72 5.04 27.19 43.17 22.30 0.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 18 0.00 0.43 0.57 0.71 5.11 27.23 42.70 22.13 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 19 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.85 4.99 27.92 42.17 22.51 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 20 0.00 0.85 0.14 0.70 4.37 30.70 40.54 22.11 0.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 0.00 0.43 0.43 0.85 4.26 29.40 43.04 20.8* 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 22 0.00 0.28 0.57 1.13 3.69 29.79 43.26 20.71 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 23 0.00 0.28 0.57 1.28 3.70 30.44 42.53 20.48 0.71 0.00 0.00 'J.00
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =-.== == m
- =====
NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS =16801 FERIOD OF RECORD 10/79 THROUGH 9/81 O O
O MBLE 2.3-5 ANNUAL FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF WET BULB TEMPERATURE VS. TIME (F DAY, 60-METER LEVEL.
+--------------- TEMPERATUPI (C) ---------------+
BELOW >-20 >-15 >-10 > -5 >0 > 5 > 10 > 15 > 20 > 25 AB0VE HOUR -20 TD-15 T0-10 TO -5 TO O TO 5 TO 10 TO 15 TO 20 TO 25 10 30 30
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== = = = = = = = = = = = = = = ===== ==== ===== =====
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 3.24 22.37 46.03 27.23 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 3.25 24.23 44.23 26.99 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 3.42 24.76 45.60 24.92 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 3.54 25.72 45.34 24.28 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 4.20 26.49 46.04 22.13 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.66 4.44 26.64 44.74 23.19 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.49 4.69 24.76 44.01 25.24 0.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.32 4.05 22.85 42.30 28.85 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.33 3.93 20.33 41.64 31.64 1.64 0.16 0.00 0.00 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 2.94 17.32 38.89 37.09 2.94 0.16 0.00 0.00 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.66 2.63 15.93 37.11 37.27 5.91 0.49 0.00 0.00 11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.66 2.13 13.44 38.36 38.69 6.23 0.49 0.00 0.00 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 1.63 11.11 38.40 40.52 7.19 0.65 0.00 0.00 13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 1.49 10.56 37.13 41.25 8.42 0.66 0.00 0.00 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 1.47 10.10 38.76 41.21 7.33 0.65 0.00 0.00 15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.49 2.10 9.22 38.67 41.26 7.77 0.49 0.00 0.00 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 1.94 10.82 40.87 39.42 5.98 0.32 0.00 0.00 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 1.79 14.33 39.74 38.27 4.72 0.49 0.00 0.00 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 2.10 17.26 40.00 36.45 3.23 0.32 0.00 0.00 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 2.42 17.61 43.13 33.93 1.78 0.48 0.00 0.00 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 2.73 18.49 45.82 31.03 1.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65 2.75 19.58 45.47 30.42 0.97 0.16 0.00 0.00 22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 2.72 20.29 45.53 29.87 0.80 0.16 0.00 0.00 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 3.22 21.38 45.66 28.46 0.48 0.16 0.00 0.00
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =.*.*== == m ===== *****
NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS =14781 PERIOD OF RECCRD 10/79 THROUGH 9/81 O
\ s
O WNP-3 O . ER-OL ! TABLE 2.3-6 i MEAN TEMPERATURES AND RELATIVE HUMIDITIES FOR
- OLYMPIA AND WNP-3 SITE, OCTOBER 1979 - SEPTEMBER 1980 i
j Temperature ( F) Mean Monthly Relative ! Average Daily Average Monthly Dew Point (UF) Humidity (%) i Maximum Minimum i Month WNP-3 Olympia WNr 3 Olympia WNP-3 Olympia WNP-3 Olympia W _NP-3 Olympia Oct 60.3 62.1 47.1 41.2 53.1 51.7 49 47 86 89 Nov 49.2 48.9 36.9 31.4 43.0 40.2 38 37 82 91 Dec 48.1 48.7 38.7 33.8 43.6 41.3 41 39 89 91 Jan 40.5 40.2 29.6 23.0 35.2 31.6 27 27 74 85 r Feb 48.2 47.8 38.4 31.8 43.4 39.8 40 38 88 92 ! Mar 48.7 51.0 38.0 33.0 43.1 42.0 38 37 84 83 Apr 58.1 62.2 40.7 35.5 49.1 48.9 38 40 66 73 My 58.1 65.5 45.3 40.1 51.2 52.8 39 44 65 75
- Jun 60.6 66.2 48.8 46.4 54.3 56.3 43 49 66 78 j Jul 68.5 76.2 52.7 49.5 59.5 62.9 48 53 66 73 Aug 64.9 74.7 51.6 49.8 57.0 62.3 48 51 73 72 Sep 64.3 71.6 50.7 47.5 56.8 59.6 48 52 73 80 r
i I
4 - TAEl 2.3-74 CDMPTf7! armfU FTf 7Kat? O!!Tilst:Ytos & vistsPtn V5. 9ttrtT!0s.144'D LIWL. JutWT WINS -...................... ute SPtp (m/5EI) ....................... !! PET!De 0.4 4.6 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.3 10.3 13.1 atoWE TO 10. TO 13 TO 18. 18. 0 TOTAL C.Aut!. 7005
. . . TO 15 TO TO .t 7. 75.1.0 . - 2. 0. TO
. 34
.-sTO.5.0 -TO. - 7.6 -e . .-me R 6.00 0.47 1.02 0.94 1.19 4.14 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.M t.00 8.00 3.74 a( t.00 4.94 0.71 1.41 1.41 4.55 4.43 6.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 5 45 ut 4.00 0.94 8.44 2.12 2.24 2.82 2.12 0.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 11.14 DE 9.00 1.33 1.41 2.5* 3 49 3.37 2.12 6.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 14.47 t.00 2 82 0.47 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.00
( 1.82 6.31 8.48 2.11 2.99
!!! 6.00 0.47 0.63 1.41 6.43 8.43 8.80 4.47 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.04 SE 4.00 9.43 6.3 1.3 1.42 1.3 6.31 0.55 4.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.57
!"E 4.00 0.39 0.15 6.35 0.94 4.75 6.39 0.00 4.00 4.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 3 41 5 0.00 0.71 9.47 1.41 0.84 1.33 4.94 0.39 4.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 6.12 ISU 0.00 1.10 9.43 1.49 2.98 1.49 1.10 4 00 9.24 6.31 4.00 4.00 4.00 9.41 58 0.00 0.24 8.14 4.39 0.31 0.24 6.16 4.47 0.00 0.00 0.01 6.00 0.00 2.12 W3W 4.00 0.00 4.04 0.24 0.39 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 4.00 0.00 4.71 u 6.00 0.04 4.00 4.00 0.39 8.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 4.94 W t.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.71 uW 0.00 8.63 0.39 0.31 0.08 8.08 0.14 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 1 45
*W 0.00 0.00 8.24 6.39 0.14 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.84 CautS 15.04 15.06 TOTAL 15.04 f.18 8.24 16.:5 16.75 14 31 12. 3 2.47 0.31 0.39 6.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 70TAL au.Jtt or 035ttvaflows (DunLS 1775 PERICS Cf Rest 15 nton CC!can 1 1979 Detmsal SEPTDt00 30. litt e
TAELE 2.3 73 CDrMfft mWMt FtrancT titTtitUTitiu W ufuoSPtn vt. I!tttfim to-TTD LDEL. FDeuarf stat .......... ............ ggs SPED (R/5EC) .................=..... t!Rf27!DN 4.4 0.6 6.8 1.1 1.6 2.1 1.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13 1 asoWE 16 0 Cauti
==== TO.0 5 TO t 7 .7010 T.O
. .- 15 T.O 2 .0 .T.O 3 9.TO
. -. - -5. 0 70 7.0. TO ..
t.o TO 13 70 16 TO.TAL.
# 0.00 4.24 0.24 9.40 6.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 0.00 1.21 mt 0.00 8.54 0.32 6.44 6.72 6.14 0.32 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 2.57 at 0.00 9.44 0.72 4.45 1.05 1.05 4.30 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 4.82 E4 0.00 0.M 0.80 9.48 1.49 1.13 2.01 8.14 4.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 7.32 E 4.00 0.64 1.37 t.93 2 45 1.93 2.39 0.04 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 11.50 t3t 8.00 1.21 1.21 1.37 3.44 1 41 2.73 0.24 0.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 4.00 11.82
!! 9.00 1.05 1.05 1.05 1.14 2.01 1.37 4.24 6.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 9.89 CSE 4.00 0.64 1.05 1.05 0.80 9.48 0.88 0.08 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 5.06 5 4.00 0.48 4.64 4.64 1.93 1 23 1.45 0.32 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 6.67 ISM 0.00- 0.96 0.64 0.80 1.21 0.88 2.41 1.93 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.14 Su 0.00 4.54 1.13 0.40 0.32 6.80 2.89 3.54 1.53 8.M 4.00 0.00 0.00 11.10 WS8 0.00 6.44 0.54 0.40 0.44 8.24 1.37 0.46 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.18 W 0.00 0.04 0.24 0.40 0.16 6.24 0.00 8.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 1.53 WNW t.00 4.24 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.05 4.00 0.00 4.48 nW 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.14 tw 0.00 9.32 0.14 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 8.00 0.00 14.93 CAut5 10.93 ftTAL 10.13 8.48 10.29 10.77 18. 5 11 82 19.29 7.54 1.85 0.56 0.00 8.00 0.00 100.00 TCTAL 4treft 7 Cittfveff0NS touaL5 1:44 7111C8 0F 6t:Ut315 FROM OCTCKR 1e 1979 f*0LEM SEP'IMD 30e 1991
faRI 2.3-7C Ct>P0$ fit acmtf ratmDCT sitTt!IUf!D OF viseSPET3 vs. StarCT19. tect LivEt, stanDi N s arms ....................... ( t!fCCfl3 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.6 utse pg3 uygg) 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 aem
.CJui.$
. TO . 05
. . TO. .0 7 TO t 0 701.5 .T.O 2 .0 T.O ..3-0 7050 70 7.0TO.7813.10 T.O 18 18 .0 . TOT.E.
# 0.M 0.34 0.41 0.74 0.41 0:14 0.07 0.00 0.# 0.# 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.30 se( 0.H 0.3 0.14 0.74 0.54 0.20 0.M 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.# t.82 NE 0.00 0.47 0.54 0.34 0.81 0.47 0.81 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.44 E4 0.00 0.07 4.3 0.34 0.54 0.81 1.8) 0.74 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.79
( 0.00 0.27 0.47 0.74 0.75 0.75 1.42 9.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.47 ESE 6.00 0.34 0.27 0.01 0.54 0.54 0.81 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.38
$1 0.00 0.54 0.30 0.27 0.60 0.54 0.81 0.34 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.12 551 0.00 0.74 P.47 1.15 1.01 0.74 0.95 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.20 1 0.00 0.3 1.15 1.3 1.25 0.81 1.00 0 34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.21 SSW 0.00 1.55 1.74 1.42 2.63 1 69 3.85 2.f7 0.07 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.# 15.94 SW 0.00 0.80 1.42 2.14 3.45 3.11 43 1 62 0.41 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.83 USN 0.00 0.48 1.22 1.49 2.70 1.55 1.82 0.# 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.40 8 0.00 0.74 0.54 0.47 1.42 0.74 0.95 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.93 pel 0.00 0.20 0.47 0.34 0.00 0.80 0.41 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.58 au 6.00 0.20 0.41 0.34 0.40 0.48 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.04
*W 0.00 0 41 0.47 0.20 0.54 0 14 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.23
" ul5 J 5.33 5.33 Total 5.33 7.77 11.07 13.03 19.31 13.90 20 26 7.f7 1.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTE Nun 0ER & CSSDvaticus touaLS tett PERI 3 0F REC 3015 fton OCTCSER le 1979 THR0taiN SEPTDWG 30 1901
\
faKI 2.3-79 CDPOSITE MONT)LT ratotOCT 0!$7till.'T!m F uttered v5. titECTID.104TER trvtte areft WIND ...-................... ulue SPE8 HyMt! ....................... SIRECT!0s 4.4 0.6 0.8 t.t 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 71 10 1 13.1 ASM Cau.l.$= =70 = . 0 5 TO . 0 7 7010
. . . 7015 ..7020. TO 3TO 0. 5 0 -10 7.0 10 10 -TO .1370 18 18 0 TOTE.
II 0.00 0.51 0.58 0.44 0.58 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.24 NME 0.00 0.44 0.44 0.M 0.80 0.51 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 06 NE 0.00 0.44 0.15 0.58 0.73 0.58 1.02 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 15 [4 0.00 0.22 0.15 0.36 1.24 0.73 t.75 0.51 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.f5 t 0.00 0.3 0.M 0.34 1.02 1.09 0.34 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.f3 ISE 0.00 0.34 0.3 0.44 0.44 0.36 0.73 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.49
!! 4.00 0.34 0.51 0.58 0.51 0.34 0.2 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.3
!!! 6.00 04 4.58 0.58 1.09 0.36 0.73 0 29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.30
$ 0.00 0.4 0.M 1.48 2.11 2.40 2.84 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.29 53 0.00 1.09 0.95 8.75 3.3 4.00 4 55 2.77 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 20.47 Su 0.00 0.58 0.73 1.02 1.60 2.40 3.M l.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.07 WSW 0.00 0.58 0.73 0.44 1.17 1 97 1.09 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.05 W 0.00 0.M 0.44 0.15 1.09 2.18 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.19 iMW 0.00 0.58 0.34 0.3 1.02 0.87 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.73 su 6.00 0.34 0.15 0.58 0.58 0.3 0.44 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 kuu 0.00 0.22 0.3 8.'2 0.44 0.15 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 Can5 s.52 l 8.52 N
f"Tal 8.52 8.01 7.45 10.12 17.70 18.57 21.f2 7.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 f?E sungEt 7 3"It"Afff'ws [3Unts 13'3 v FERIC 7 AE;3t515 Ft31 GC!OTER 1e itM fitt0UGi SEPYTM0ER 30,1988
?
l l
tasLI 2.3-7E to*MTit pomtt rer3Xe titTttw' ton W vistytn vs. afettTTOs.194Ttt trvtl. naf . utes --- --------**------- 51e SPCD ws[C3 ----------- ----------- Sixt:':M 13.1 aseWE f 4.4 0.4 6.4 1.1 1.4 21 3.1 51 7.1 10.1 i 18 4 Total C.A.L.R.5
. TO .t 1 TO .o .. 7 TO. .10 TO 15 T.O . 2 0.T.O . . 3 0 TO. 5 4--T.O 7.4 TO 19 TO 13 . TO 18 s.
s 0.00 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.95 4.14 4.M t.00 0.00 4.M t.M 6.00 4.00 3.24
*C 4.00 8.2 4.39 4.79 1.18 6.47 0.24 4.00 4.00 4.00 6.M 4.00 4.00 3.55 dE 4.06 4.39 6.24 8.43 6.95 4.71 4.79 4.14 4.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 3.87 DE 4.00 4.24 0.14 4.71 4.43 6.14 6.47 4.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 6.M t.00 2.37 t 4.M 4.00 8.32 6.39 0.43 4.71 0.32 8.00 4.40 3.40 0.00 4.M 0.00 2.37 tat 9.00 9.24 6.00 0.16 6.22 4.47 0.2 6.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 4.00 1.74 0.00 6.00 9.24 8.24 4.43 0.00 6.39 0.00 4.00 6.00 4.80 4.00 4.00 1.50 SE SSE 4.01 0.2 0.14 8.63 0.47 6.22 0.14 4.00 0.40 4.M t.00 4.M 4.00 2 29 8.87 8.97 1.82 1.14 1.10 4.14 6.00 9.40 6.00 4.00 4.00 8.45 5 0.00 1.03 Bu 0.00 1.16 f .42 3.31 6.43 5.92 4.58 4.43 4.M 6.* 4.0f 4.00 0.80 23:46 Sh 8.00 0.71 0.95 1 09 3.55 4.54 2.53 0.39 4.00 6.40 4.M 4.40 4.00 14.40 0.00 0.14 0.39 1.10 2.74 2.33 1.34 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 8.29 WSW 4.39 8.79 2.45 2.53 1.50 4.00 6.40 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.40 7.09 5 0.00 8.24 und 4.00 9.32 0.24 4.2 2.37 1.74 1.10 4.00 0.40 4.40 4.00 4.00 0.40 6.31 WW t.00 0.14 8.22 6.39 6.79 0.55 9.39 8.00 0.00 4.40 4.M 0.00 8.00 2 40 swW t.00 8.2 4.14 0.2 6.39 0.47 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 0.40 4.00 2.21 CALRS 5.52 5.52 TOtel 5.52 6.95 6.95 14.64 24.44 22.42 15. 2 1.34 4.00 0.00 4.06 0.00 0.00 100.00 10 fat munstt OF Or:trvatt0NS EcuaLS 1267 PU133 W R[t3315 Fton KT0:0 le 1979 TWEEN SEPTDSD 30e 1981 14sLE 2.3-7F ta'*MTit omt? Ittare st1TtTWTims or Wuegtn vs. stattTim.16470 tJwt. Ast WIND -------*---------=**-== Ute SPED (R/EC) **---*---**----*---=*=-
$1REtit3 13.1 agout 0.4 6.4 4.8 1.1 1.6 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.0 TUfat CALR.S..TO 0 5. TO . . t.7.TO 10 TO. 15 T.O 2 4 T.O .-3 .0 .T.O
. 5 4. TO 7.6 .- TO.t.e - TO 13
- TO 18 a 0.00 4.51 4.37 0.51 0.95 0.22 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 2.56 MME 0.00 4.37 4.29 0.51 4.37 4.29 0.07 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 1.96 NE 0.04 0.44 0.00 0.29 4.59 4.29 0.29 6.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 1 99 ENE 6.00 0.00 0.22 4.29 6.73 4.47 0.44 4.47 0.M 8.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 1.83 0.00 0.29 4.00 6.15 0.46 0.22 0.00 8.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 1.32 1
ESE 4.00 0.00 0.37 0.29 4.44 0.44 4.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.06 6.00 1.76 SE 6.H 9.00 0.29 0.07 0.0 0.07 0.07 8.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 8.00 4.73 Est 0.00 0.59 4.44 0.51 0.37 0.29 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 2 27 2.75 0.95 1.17 0.00 8.0e 8.00 6.00 4.00 4.t,0 7.97 5 0.00 0.73 0.59 1.74 9.00 4.80 2.05 3.73 7.44 7.39 7.61 0.88 0.00 8.04 0.00 0.00 8.00 29.99 53v 0.00 0.3 6.37 1.44 3.00 2.55 3.58 4.44 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 12.95 SM 0.07 0.00 1.44 3.00 2.85 1.46 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.47 v5W 4.00 W 0.00 4.0 4.07 4.80 2.93 3.15 1 83 8.07 0.00 4.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 14 WNW 0.00 4.22 0.44 4.44 1.44 2.78 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.e4 WW 4.00 0.07 0.37 0.37 1.54 0.88 4.29 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 3.51 MMW 0.00 0.0 4.46 S.29 4.80 0.*2 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 2.19 CAut5 4.24 4.24 6.51 13.24 25.38 *3.19 15.00 1.46 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 Total 4.24 4.97 TCTal USCR CF CtSDvatt0N' EOuaL3 1347 PDIS 7 ret 3D 15 FRon CCitan 1,1979 f*0tDe SEPTDER 30 1981 A _ _ . _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _
ta0LE 2.3-78 C3M5fft 8esTit? FIE2flCT Bf5ft!9Uf!D F Ufue1PH3 V5. 3!IECTID.194TER LDEL. JET
\ utv0 ....................... ggg pg3 (A/5EC) -----------------.-----
. SIRiti!W 0.4 0.4 0.8
- 1.1 3.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 400WE CAUS TO 0.5 TO 0.7 TO l.0 TO 1.5 .0 TO .0 [.4TOTO5.011TO11 i.e 7810. TO 13. TO 10. 18.0 TOTE N 9.00 0.21 0.
- 6.35 9.49 4.43 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 2.*2 WIE 0.00 0.00 9.21 6.21 0.35 0.49 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 E 0.M 9.07 0.07 9.21 0.43 9.42 0.35 0.07 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 1.81 DE 4.00 0.07 0.00 0.21 4.49 0.07 0.74 0.21 0.00 0.00 4.M 0.00 0.02 1.01 E 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.21 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.M 4.M 4.42 EE 0.00 0.14 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 14 SE 0.00 9.00 0.07 0.07 0.3 0.21 0.3 0.00 4.M 0.M t.00 0.00 0.00 9.90 5:E 6.00 0 21 0.21 0.42 0.21 0.07 0.14 0.00 0.00 4.00 0 00 0.40 4.00 1.3 3 0.M 4.21 0.87 1.53 1.39 9.49 9.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 6.M 0.M 4.93 SSW 4.00 2.00 1.M 2.29 7.57 7.34 6.11 0.49 0.00 0.00 4.M 4.00 0.00 27.57 Su 9.M 0.63 0.83 1 47 3.75 3.41 2.99 0.84 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.M e.00 13.41 W6u 6.00 0.49 0.54 1.04 2.13 2.64 1.10 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 6.# 4.00 8.M W 0.00 0.54 0.21 1.10 2.43 2.?? 2.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 9.72 m 0.00 9.35 0.21 0.56 2.57 2.71 0.74 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 4.M 6.M 7.15 lef 0.00 0 84 0.14 0.35 1.18 2.75 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 4.M 5.97 amu 6.00 0.42 0.21 0.54 0.35 9.43 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 2.15 CMS 19.42 10.42 l TOTAL 10.42 5.56 5.3 19.43 24.03 25.43 17.29 1.18 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOf at sun 0ER 7 Cs5Envatters E3uaL5 1440 K1100 W RECDft315 FRon DCf00E11,1979 TMOUM StrTDIER 30 1901 N
\
TA0LE 2.3-Mi CDP 05fTt samt? FRE0uDICT 8157t!IUT13 F timetPE3 V5. 01ECTID.16473 LDEL. anRIBT g;g ....................... ygg pg3 (nfgg3 ....................... 31 RECT!m 0.4 4.4 4.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.8 7.1 10.1 13.1 AIDWE 18 4 TOTE Ca.ns... TO.0 . .5 TO.0 7. T.O t.0 -. T.O..15. T.O. ... 2 0. TO= 3 0 TO 5 0 TO.7 0 TO.=10. T.O 13 TO 18
===.
a 0.00 0.14 8.70 2.09 2.72 1.3 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 7.19 NME 4.00 0.21 0.21 0.ft 0.D 0.56 0.49 0.M 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 3.14 NE 0.00 0 14 0.3 0.49 0.42 0.70 0.84 4.07 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.93 EE 0.00 0. 8 0.07 0.21 0.07 0.07 0.35 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 1.12 E 0.00 0.07 0.14 0 14 0.07 0.14 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0 00 8.M 6.63 ESE 0.00 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.3 0.07 6.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.70 SE O.00 0.14 4.00 0.14 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.63 . SSE 0.00 0.3 0.14 0.42 0.*1 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.12 I [ $ 0.00 0.42 6.95 0.98 1.74 0.84 0.35 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 3.37 55u 4.00 0.43 0.91 2.23 9.3 E.84 5.09 0.42 0.67 0.00 6.00 0 00 0.00 27.49 SW 0.00 0.42 0.54 2.23 4.33 3.49 1.67 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 12.84 WSW 0.00 0.3 0.43 1.88 3.21 1.41 0.n 0.00 0.00 4.M 0.00 0.00 4.M 8.SB W 6.00 0.35 0.14 1 19 3.21 2.51 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.81 m 0.00 0.14 0.35 0.ft 3.3 2.45 1 05 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0 00 0.00 0.37
'Af 0.00 0.14 6.54 0.90 2.23 2.09 0.91 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.91 umi 0.00 0 21 0 14 0.U !.47 0.ft 0.07 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.D CUS t.33 1.33 g 707 4 1.33 3.99 5.84 15.43 33.78 3 03 12.49 0.04 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 , i r, - , - .,n, - ,m v min a uC3 :5 ra xt:m i. im r=Oum sErtran 30. Im
faKt 2.3 7! trwy;rTr esmtv nt2fc7 t!sTatsuT:Os O sistsrtD vs. t!w:tts.104?D Ltvrt. SEProert stug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gg w3 pCD wet 3 -------*====----------- I!11;f 0m 0.4 8.4 0.8 1. l .4
- 3.1 5.1 7.1 14.1 13.1 4a04 Ces is e.5 to 0.7 t0 i.e to i.I n 2.e ro l.1.: ro 5.e n 7.e n 20. n 13. rn it. 10.0 mT=
e 0.00 6.17 4.85 8.70 1.76 4.50 8.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 6.00 4.40 ad 8.00 0.64 0 . 71 1.14 8.*2 6.71 9.4? 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.19 4 0.00 0.43 6.3 8.71 1.14 1.34 0.99 0.14 6.40 4.00 4.00 9.00 4.00 4.83 DE 6.00 0.3 9.43 6.71 1.42 1.35 1.77 0.50 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 4.00 6.46 1 0.00 0.50 0.43 4.44 1.42 6.e4 6.85 4.67 0.00 8.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.54 Est 0.00 0.50 0.64 0.78 6.3 8.14 8.3 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 2 St 0.00 6.07 0.35 0.57 0.75 4.3 0.14 0.00 4.00 0.00 e.00 4.00 0.00 2.20 ist 4.00 0.85 0.17 0.92 0.3'. 0.71 4.14 4.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 f .00 3.2 5 0.00 1.3 0.85 2.48 1.92 1 49 0.43 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 - 8.45 55v 6.00 1.*1 0.E 2.43 5.3 5.96 6.32 3.40 0.14 0.00 9.00 0.00 4.00 3.0 Sh 6.00 0.75 1.06 1.43 3.12 2.48 1.14 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.29 W58 0.00 0.44 0.43 0.85 1 49 0.50 4.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 8.00 4.41 W 0.00 0.57 4.43 8.50 1.35 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 6.00 3.97 WW 4.00 0.43 0.14 8.92 1.42 1.3 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 4 19 l
- . 00 . 50 ..u ..n 6.n 0.e 4.s7 0.00 . 00 . . .e 6.00 ... 6.00 3.n Imd 0.00 4.43 0.85 0.99 0.75 0.50 0.07 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 3.42 l
CUS 2.** 2.27 T31aL 2.27 9.43 9.37 17.03 24.13 19.66 13.48 4.26 0.14 0.00 4.00 6.00 6.00 100.00 7074L NUM9Et OF OptERVAT WS [0UALS 1409 MRID3 W RECORS !5 ftDn KTP,ut t.1779 flatt1GI SEPTDER 30 1991 1AKt 2.3-7J t>rastTt emtv rwmtwey titttttuffm or utur:PtT3 vs. stwet'Os.104'in tivtt. OcMart utre ....................... ging ytD WMtl ------*---------------- t!R[CTfDN 6.4 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.8 AsoWE 18.0 TUTAL CEN5 -. TO.0 -5 .TO 6.7 TO .1.0TO
. . t.5. -TO
- .2.0 . TO 3.0 - TO 5.4 ft 7.0 . TO 18..- .--TO.13 TO 18. -.
N t.00 0.49 0.90 8.76 0.83 0.14 0.00 4.00 0.00 8.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 3.31 aME 0.00 0.49 0.90 1.59 t.38 6.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 4.M ( 0.00 6.42 0.97 1.80 1.52 1.24 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 6.91 Ost 4.00 0.55 1.10 1.38 1.44 2.00 2.42 1.59 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 10.91 1 0.00 0.42 1.24 1.45 1.17 1.10 4.14 0.33 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.08 [St 0.00 0.49 0.25 4.49 1.04 1.10 0.97 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 4.83 51 0.00 0.90 0.42 1.17 6.97 0.83 1.45 4.42 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.54 SSE 0.00 1.10 9.90 1.31 1.38 0.49 6.41 0.3 0.00 0.00 0-00 0.00 4.00 6.08 5 0.06 1.31 1.59 1.17 2.42 0.55 1.21 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 8.77 SSW 0.00 0.97 1.38 2.42 2.83 2.00 1.24 6.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 11.74 SW 0.00 0.74 1.10 1.10 0.2 0.2 0.41 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.00 4.35 W!W 0.00 0.78 0.35 0.69 0.42 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 2.49 W 0.00 0.83 0.40 0.42 1.10 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.31 pW 0.00 0.35 O. 5 0.35 0.83 0.48 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.83 uw 0.00 S.3 0.48 6.2 0.74 0.83 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.18
*NW 0.00 9.35 0.3 0.41 0.49 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 -
CEPS 7.73 7.73 7374L ?.73 11.47 13.19 17.44 19.75 12.09 13.67 4.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 974 ursin OF tt3Dvat!Ow5 EJUALS 1448 Ptt:03 7 st"t? !5 Fr?.R OC703Et le 1979 THR3JGM SD'DID 30 1991 9
\ .
s faEl 2.3-X CDe05fft MONTRY ftCMuCT l!M 30 TIM 7 d!4SPEf3 v5. Brett'fts.10-(Ttt LiUEle 6052 dtvo ....................... ggg spgg3 gngggg) .......................
/-g ' ! stet:m 51
( 7.1 13 1 AIDWE 0.4 0.4 4.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.1 10.1 10 0 C.AL.R.5 . . f4 0 5 .TO 0 7. T.O 1 .0 . 7815 TO 2 0 er T.O 3 .0 .7850. TO TO.10.T.O 13 s 7 0 -TO.1.0. . "O.tt.
# 4.00 0.3 0.64 0.f3 0.3 0.07 0.00 0.00 4.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 2.20 WWE 4.00 0.21 0.71 1.3 1.14 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 NE 0.00 0.50 1.21 2.07 2.71 3.04 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.*4 EME 0.00 0.71 1 14 2.3 3.54 3.42 2.70 0.57 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.# 0.M 14.44
( 0.00 0.43 0.91 1.57 2.21 4.:7 3.99 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.03 E!! 0.00 0.57 1.07 1.50 1.57 1 75 2.49 0.07 0.00 0.M 0.M 0.00 0.# f.05
!! 0.00 1.14 4.75 0.71 1.57 0.f3 1.f2 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.# 7.49 SSE 0.00 0.70 0.75 1.44 0.f3 0.70 1.07 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.27
$ 0.00 0.43 1.21 0.50 1.00 1.00 2.14 1.57 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 7.ft SSW 4.00 0.55 0.57 0.34 1 00 1.t2 2.70 1.92 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.# 0.00 12.46 Su 0.00 0.14 0.43 0.57 0.34 0.43 0.34 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.42 WCW 0. 0 0.3 0.3 0.50 0.3 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.42 5 0.00 0.50 0.07 0.34 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.47 WNW 0.00 0.07 0.21 0.14 <.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 au 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.47 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9 43 NNW 0.00 0.14 0.21 0.3 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 tan 5 3.00 5.3 TUTE 5.3 7.19 10.40 14.74 16.80 18.38 10.23 7.83 1.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TC?AL Nt0E0 7 OtSERvettONS EgunL5 144 PD13 7 REC tB 15 Fim Ctt:KR 1s 1979 flect0H S&fDER 30 1901 iAKI .3-7L C"wa51Tt =0hf4Y mittpCT tittt!Rffim 7 utNDSPET) YS. DitECT19. to-(TER LfvEle BEEMER utu3 ....................... ggyg spgg3 <nfggg) .......................
DIRECT!W 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 t.6 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 AIDUE 10 4 C.E.RS TO.
. . 0..5 .TO
. .0 .7 .TO. 10 TO 15 TO . .2 .0 .-
T.O. 3 0 TO 5 0. TO 7.0 70 10..TO 13
. .TO.ft.
.TO 10 N 0 00 0.00 0.41 0.3 0.27 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 36 NNE 0.00 0.48 0.82 1 29 0.40 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.47 NE 0.00 0.41 1.09 0.95 2.31 1.77 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.41 Dit 0.00 0.27 1.02 1.97 4.00 3.3 2.f2 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.53
( 0.00 0.54 1 02 2.11 2.06 1 90 1.50 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 10 13 . ($f 0.00 0.54 0.54 1.02 1.50 1.3 2 24 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.41 SE 0.00 1.43 1.04 2.04 2.18 1.:t 1 43 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.67 SSE 0.00 0.82 1.16 1 09 1.77 0.44 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 6.25 5 0.00 0.40 1.02 1.34 1.90 1.34 1.16 0.41 _0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 ! 55u 0.00 0.27 0.40 1.54 2.31 2.45 2.58 4.15 2.50 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 17. 3 SM 0.00 0.27 0.3 0.82 4.95 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.27 0 14 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.49 WSU 0.C0 0.07 0.14 03 0.14 0.14 0.27 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 5 0.00 0.07 0.14 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 umu 0.00 0.07 0.3 0 14 0.00 0.14 0 27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.82 WW 0.00 0.3 0.34 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 f 0.00 0.00 0.75 we 0.00 0.27 0.34 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.95 CR?S 5.51 5.51 TCf& 5 51 6.39 10.94 lb84 *1.25 15.44 14.41 4.32 2.72 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 , s
\ TCTAL eMt 7 CtsttvafftNS E3UAL5 mia a stem 5 m oCTmt i. m,471 1
g f=o Sam.D u. im l l I
, 3_______._____
k > ta0LI a.3-ta asis
- FWf 3#mrY tifft1E'TfD & str9 77t3 Yt. Sitt! Tim.104 Tit trwl. T' gra 1979 . SEPTtwers 19W wikt ...--- --....-.-....--- stat SPtI3 (R/stt) .-.... ...-............
8121;f!'Is 4.4 0.4 8.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 1.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 aeout 18 4 tun .$ TO 0. 5 70 0 . 7 ft10 . .ft .15 T.O 2 6 . T.O 10 TO.5 0 ft 7. 4. ft 18 TO
. ... . 13 ft 18 .. .T.3.f.t.
e 4.00 4.35 4.39 8.59 4.49 6.21 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 2.49 j ud 4.00 0.51 6 37 0.a4 0.47 0.17 0.04 0.00 8.00 6.00 8.H 0.00 8.90 2.14 l st 4.00 0.33 4.54 4.70 9.88 6.42 6.43 0.05 0.06 4.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 3.75 l (4 8.00 8.47 4.45 4.04 1.34 1.18 1 51 0.31 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 6.22 8 6.00 4.42 4.71 1 01 1.13 1.12 1.29 4.23 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.72 (31 4.00 6 46 4.40 4.43 0.99 0.54 9.75 4.12 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 9.00 3.90 2 0H 6.40 9.49 0.74 1.14 0.79 1.00 0.44 4.ul 4.00 9.00 4.00 0.00 5.36 12 0.00 0.77 6.64 0.92 8.84 9.49 0.51 4.47 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 4.0 1 0.00 0.70 1.15 1.54 1.80 0.82 0.87 6.19 0.00 4.H 0.00 0.00 6.00 7.47 itt 0.00 1 01 1.25
.2 5.3 4.45 3.32 1.15 0.34 4.12 6.00 0.00 4.00 19.43 SW 0.00 1.49 0.93 1.54 2.47 1.ft 1.47 0.33 0.17 0.04 4.00 0.00 8.00 9.35 WSb 0.00 0.31 4.54 1.04 1 73 1.25 9.75 0.23 0.01 4.01 4.00 4.00 6.00 5.99 W 8.H 4.31 0.34 4.54 1.54 1.38 0.48 8.05 0.01 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 4.44 sq 6.00 0.22 6.D O.37 1.31 1 34 8.41 6.62 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 4.14 W 6.00 0.21 6.33 0.47 6.80 0.49 4.3e 0.00 8.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 2.55 anW 0.00 4.33 0.33 0.33 0.54 6-23 4.05 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 1.30 Cant 9.9* 9.95 f314L 9.95 7.70 9.87 14.39 23.08 17.29 13.56 3 41 4.54 4.19 0.00 4.00 4.00 100.00 f3tAL duPKI W CrItuAf!0N5 E004LS 82ft M*I 9 W tic 3915 TRCn Ott:Mt is 1979 THRotEM SE?ftNG 30 1990 fAEE 2.3-01 SL rnet.tn 5ts.t!R: Tits y utw') vtf1 vs. Oftttt12 104 Tit trwt. at?' art 1990 . st?ftwert tett ufe -..- ----.........-.... ute SPtI3 (4/stt) ...--- ......-----.--..
8ttttt!On 0.4 S.4 4.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3. 8 5.1 7.1 16.1 13.1 a00ut 70 10 TO 13 fcf4L C.Au.ls . TO . ..B. 5 TO7010 0 7. fD l 3.T3 2 0.TO . -3.4. .7050 TO .7.0 . . It. i.s 1.s.0 - N 4.00 0.42 4.44 4.89 1.14 6.42 8.41 0.00 0.00 4.00 6 00 6.00 8.00 3.54
*8C 4.H 0. 4 0.40 1.24 1.21 0.73 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.11 NE 0.00 0.38 4.33 1.07 l.42 1.74 1.25 0 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.74 D( 4.00 0.29 9.48 1.13 1.92 1 43 1.74 9.48 0.04 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 7.70
.t 8.H 4.35 9.43 0.84 1.53 1.33 1.83 4.19 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 6.72 ESE 0.00 0. 4C 0.41 0.75 0.00 9.88 1.33 4.11 0.00 4.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 4.71 St 0.00 0.44 0.32 0.42 0.85 0.58 0.47 8.19 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 3.58 SSI t.00 0.50 0.50 0.80 0.H 4.47 0.44 4.a t 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 44 5 0.00 0.41 0.68 l.33 1 74 1.45 l.49 4.58 0.02 0.00 0.H 0.00 0.00 7.t2 336 0.00 1 11 0.91 1.48 3.52 3.77 5.H 2.72 0.43 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.05
$W S.00 8.54 0.54 1.04 1.97 2.21 2.27 0.94 0.*3 0.04 0.00 0.00 8.00 9.91 WSW 0H 0. .e 6.25 0. 77 1.33 1.14 0.91 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.H 4.00 6.00 4.99 W 0.00 0.32 0.20 0.58 1.27 1.32 1.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 4.90 WW 0.00 0.30 0.31 0.48 0.85 4.99 0. 5 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.H 0.00 6.00 3.50 nW 4.H 4.29 6.31 0.34 0.44 0.84 0.48 0.01 6.H 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.98 uW 4.H 6.35 s.35 0.55 4.47 0.30 0.c5 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.H 6.00 0.00 2.87 Cauts 3 53 3.53 fCT4L 3.53 7.0 7.82 14.01 21 76 20.03 19. 3 5.40 0.72 0.12 6.H 0.H 0.00 100.00 fcTat (9irft T cittt'Jatitwt E30ALS 8324 FTRIOD & RCC3911 tt R OC'OME to 19?0 THP3JCM s[FitPER 30, 1931
1 ti TAKE 2.3-90 aamuel otMAT ,tStattuttou 7 utwo sPtE3 vs. StartTTON. te tivEt I n .:.0
!!PECTION
....................... .:,, m,m,,c,.......................
\ 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 ascW TO 5.0 TO 7 0 70 10 TO 13 TO 18 18 0
.C.ALn.S TO . . 0. 5 TO 0 7. T.O
. 10 TO
. .l.o.s TO.2 .- 0 f.3 3 0em. . == == . . . -TOTAL.
N 0.00 0.39 0.43 0.74 0.72 0.31 0.04 0.00 a 00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 3.02 ud 0.00 0.43 0.49 0.72 0.84 0.45 0.20 0.00 , 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 3.33 NE 0.00 0.44 0.54 0.98 1.3 1.18 0.84 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.26 DE 4.00 0.37 0.57 0.99 1.e4 a.37 1.M 0.40 ' t.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.01 E 0.00 0.39 4.57 0.94 1.33 1.32 1.56 0.01 4.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.32 ESE 0.00 0.43 0.45 0.70 0.35 0.72 1.04 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.30 SE 0.00 0.52 0.40 0.48 1.01 0.44 0.73 0.28 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.47 S2 0.00 0.44 0.*J 0.84 0.82 0.40 0.40 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.75 5 0.00 0.M 0.92 1 44 1.77 1.14 1.18 0.39 0.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 A 7.49 SSW O.00 1.06 1.10 2.00 4.38 4.21 4.20 1.93 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.34 SW 0.00 0.2 0.75 1.30 2.22 2.09 1.97 0.75 0.20 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.30 , WSW 0.00 0.34 0.45 0.90 1 55 1. 0 0.83 0.13 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.A 4.00 3.44 W 0.00 0.42 0.27 0.54 1.41 1.35 0.74 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.78 pu 0.00 0.3 0.29 0.43 1.18 1 16 0.48 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 3.82 WW 0.00 0. 5 0.32 9.42 0.73 0.78 0.42 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.?! MW 0.00 0.34 0.34 0.44 0.51 0.24 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.93 CALPS 6.74 / 4.74 TOTAL 4.74 7.40 9.84 14.20 *2.42 18.M 14.42 4.45 0.43 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL O9ER 7 095ERV4ftDNS E0uaLS 1M12 PERIOD OF RLt0R3 IS FtCM CC1CKR te 1979 TWOUEM SEPTDIER 30 1991 TAILE 2.3-95 e aMbat FRiotDCT l!$Tt!9UTION 7 W!st SPEEB 75. t!RECTTou. 60-ETER LDEL y:v3 ....................... WIM SPEI3 m/Ktt -----------------------
#! LECT:QN 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10 1 13.1 ABOUE CAut 100 TOTAL 5 TO.0
... .5.TO . 0 7 to 1.0.TO . .1.5.
. =.TO 2 0 7030 TO . . 5 0 70 7.0 . . TOn 10 70 13. 70 18. .
N 0.00 0.13 0.15 0.21 0.34 0.21 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.23 et 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.30 0.38 0.24 0.*3 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 NE 0.00 0.21 0.20 0.44 0.79 0.41 1.47 1.44 0.18 0.02 0.04 ; 0.00 0.00 3.43 DE 0.00 0.23 0. t 0.51 1 14 1.44 3.3 4.29 0.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.53 E 0.00 0.17 0. t 0.37 1.00 0.97 2.35 2.13 0.21 ' 0.00 0.00 ' O.0a 0.00 7.50 ESE 0.00 0.16 0.17 0.40 0.44 0.59 1,38 1,41 0.14 0.01 0 00 0.00 0.00 5.09 IE 0.00 0. 3 0.17 0.37 0.51 0.58 1.29 1.72 0.45 0.0: 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.33
$2 0.00 0.12 0.14 0.29 0.37 0.38 0.84 0.48 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.97 5 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.34 0.56 0.43 1.49 2.43 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.41 33W 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.23 0.59 0.84 1.89 2.'44 0.84 0.46 0.11 0.00 0.00 7.77 SW 0.00 0.07 0.07 0. 3 0.54 0.77 2.45 3.15 0.94 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 f.47 USW 0.00 0.14 0.11 0.27 0.42 0.96 3.57 7.31 3.45 0.M 0.04 - 0.00 0.00 17.;2 I W 0.00 0.10 0.11 0.3 0.54 0.88 2.20 4.43 3.13 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.O 12.27 W 0.00 0.09 0.12 0.25 0.30 0.31 4.39 0.14 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.M NW 0.00 0.09 0.15 0.14 0.26 0.20 0.14 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 1.02
- 0.00 0.ie 0.05 0.:3 0.:5 0.17 0. 1 0.02 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0ln CALRS :.U ,a 2.27 ,
[ f:iAL 2.27 2.21 2.40 4.t 0.88 f.at . p.91 32.13 10.93 2.*3 0.:S 0.01 0,.00 100.M 5 70*at UKt 7 CBSElv4TIONS EDUALS 16844 M l 'u Ptt;;3 7 tit 7313 Flan CCTOKR t. ItN TWOLDI SEPTEPJEl % 1991 ' l _ Y. l l s
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.3-10 JOINT FREQUENCY (percent) 0F ANNUAL VIyDS BY SPEED AND DIPECTION FOR OLYMPIAtaf Windspeed (knots) 0 4 7 11 17 22 Over To To To To' To To 27 Ave Dir 3 6 10 16 21 27 Total Soeed N 2.0 1.8 0.7 *ID) 4.6 4.4 NNE 1. 9 1.7 0.7 0.1
- 4.5 4.5 NE 2.4 2.6 1.2 0.2 *
- 6.4 4.8 ENE 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.1
- 2.8 5.0 E 1.0 0.6 0.2 *
- 1.8 3.8 ESE 1.0 0.5 0.1
- 1.5 3.2 SE 1.5 0.7 0.1 * *
- 2.3 3.3 SSE 1.4 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.2
- 3.6 6.5 S 1.8 2.4 2. 8 1. 9 0.6 0.2
- 9.7 8.4 3.6 5.6 3.2 0.6 0.1
- 15.1 8.4 SSW 12 SW 2.1 4.5 6.0 3.0 0.4 0.1
- 16.7 7.9 1.1 1.8 2.6 1.7 0. 2 . ,
- 7.4 8.1 WSW W 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.1
- 3.2 7.4 WNW 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 *
- 1.7 5.5 NW 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 *
- 1.9 4.8 NNW 1.0 0.8 0.4 *
- 2.2 4.5 Calm 15.1 15.1 Total 37.2 25.0 23.2 11.6 2.1 0.4 0.2 100.0+ 5.8 (a) Period of record 1948 - 1964 (b)
- Indicates more than 0, but less than 0.05 O
WNP-3 ER-OL TABl.E 2.3-11 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STABILITY CLASSES AND TEMPERATURE CHANGE Pasquill Turner Delta-Classes Classes Description WithHeight(f C/100m) A 1 Extremely Unstable < 1. 9 B 2 Moderately Unstable -1.9 to -1.7 C 3 Slightly Unstable -1.7 to -1.5 0 - 4 Neutral -1.5 to -0.5 E 5 Slightly Stable -0.5 to 1.5 F 6,7 Moderately Stable 1.5 to 4.0 G - Extremely Stable >4 0 I O .
TABLE 2.3-12 ANNUAL FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF STABILITY CLASS VS. TIME OF DAY
+ - - - - - - - STABILITY CLASS - - - - - - - +
HOUR A B C D E F G
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== m---- =====
0 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.87 62.13 13.48 5.53 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.09 60.97 11.97 6.98 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.60 59.94 13.07 7.39 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.38 59.12 13.86 7.64 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.22 60.03 13.84 7.91 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.62 58.52 14.63 10.23 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.94 59.89 13 66 12.52 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.77 60.85 14.61 12.77 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.94 58.71 16.55 12.81 9 0.00 0.14 0.00 14.02 55.65 18.17 12.02 10 0.14 0.14 0.00 17.36 52.94 19.37 10.04 11 0.29 0.14 0.14 19.54 56.32 15.95 7.61 12 0.14 0.00 0.14 23.42 55.17 14.80 6.32 13 0.14 0.29 0.43 24.28 56.03 12.93 5.89 14 0.00 0.14 0.14 25.18 60.23 10.30 4.01 15 0.00 0.00 0.14 21.17 68.96 8.58 1.14 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.74 75.54 8.15 0.57 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.52 79.80 6.83 0.85 18 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.05 77.87 7.09 1.99 19 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.38 73.79 8.69 2.14 20 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.42 67.37 10.55 3.66 21 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.03 64.49 11.51 4.97 22 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.79 62.09 11.17 5.94 23 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.06 62.99 10.88 6.07
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
NUMBER OF OBSERVATIONS =16854 PERIOD OF RECORD 10/79 THROUGH 9/81 O O
!AOLI 2.3-136 aamunL FE0tKuCY 0!$7t10UT13 0F u!W SPEE0 US. O!ECTISR F3 STAett!TY CLASS A v utne ....................... vie TEER WSEC1 -----------------------
!!ECTIM 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.8 7.1 10.1 13.1 A00WE 18 0 C.R.II.5 TO
. .. i : TO. 0 7 T.O . 10 7015 T.O . 2 0 t.o. 3 0 TO. 10 T.G
. . 7 0 TO 10 TO . 13
. TO. 10 TO.T.E.
N 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 20.00 EME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 E 0.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 E!! 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 SE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SSE 0.00 0.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SSW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 W5U 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 uMW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CAUIS 0.00 0.00 TCTAL 4.00 0.00 40.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL NUMER OF COSERVAfl0NS E0uaLS 3 PER!:D OF E:33 IS FROR OCTCKR te 1979 TieGum SEPTDER 30s 1981 s
'w/
TA0LE 2.3-130 AmuAL F#EDutNCY 0!!Tt!0UT10m 0F v!n SPEE3 US. StaECTION FM STAltL!TY CLA05 0 v!wo ....................... vgg SPEE*. WSEC) ------***---------*---- DIECTION 0.4 0.6 0.0 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 51 7.1 10.1 13.1 400UE 10 0
. C.A.U.I.S
. . . TO 0 5.TO . .0 7 TO 10 . 7015 .10 2 0.T.O 3 ..0-.
T.O.5
. 0 70 7.0 TO
. 10 .TO - 13 TO.10. . TOTA.L.
W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 eE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NE 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ENE 0.00 0 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 E 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 E!! 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 l SE l SSE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 e.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
$ O.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SSW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SU 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 VSe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 I .
W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 M O.00 0.00 0.00 !0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 50.00 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 g ) CAUIS !0.00 50.00 N~/ TOTAL !0.00 0.00 0.00 !0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL QKW OF CEEWATIO*"3 E3UALS 7 EP:03 CF 'It3315 FO CCT0tER te it'9 f*0UGI SEPTDER 30e 1941
. ~
m TAaLE 2.3-13t awa retJurm v n!s'vitution or WINO 9tD V5. t!st:TT'Ju ran STAattITY CLAS5 C vtyg ....................... WINI PED WSEC1 ------------ ------... IltE TION 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 Aa0UE 10.0 CAL.*.5
.. . . 70 0 5 TO. . -0.7
. T310 T.315 . TD. :. 0 TO 3 0 TO . 5.0 TO . 7 0-TO.10.
-. ==== 79= 13 TD 10. T.UTat.
a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 UE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 OfE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 E 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.2? 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 ESE 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14 27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 SE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
$$t 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 53M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 SW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0C 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 W53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.29 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14. t 0.00 3 .57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 42.86 ewW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NMW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CALE5 0.00 0.00 'UTAL 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14. t 42.84 42.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 T3?AL Ulft Or C35[FVATIONS [00R$ 7 PE2105 CF RC33 IS rt0R OCT0tti le 1779 T*!RNiH SEPTDER 30, 1991 TABLE 2.3-133 Anwuat retacENCT O!!Tt!IUTT0m ar WINB TfD v5. Sitt: TION FtB STA0!LTTY CLASS I ving ....................... WIND TED WSEC1 -- -*---*-----**-******
- !RCTION 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 .4 2. 3.1 1.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 .30UE 10.0
.C.- .ALM
. 5 TO 0 .5 TO. 0.7. T.C
. . 1.0 f.t a 13. -TO
. == .- (. 0 Tn.3.10 .-- - To.5.0.TOTat to .7 0 T310. To 13 TO 1 i==
N 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.38 0.3 0.13 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.47
#NE 0.00 0.17 0.13 0.29 0.13 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 NE 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.51 0.47 0.59 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.70 t EME 0.00 0.3 0.13 0.55 1.90 1.81 3.50 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.44 E 0.00 0.17 0.17 0.51 1.35 2.3 2.02 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.91 ESE 0.00 0.17 0.13 0.34 0.00 0.08 1.90 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.34 SE 0.00 0.08 0.33 0.42 1.05 0.34 1.01 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.71 51E 0.00 0.13 0.25 0. 9 0.51 0.21 0.42 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.90 5 0.00 0.3 0.51 0.47 1.22 0.34 0.38 0.'1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.53 ISM 0.00 0.73 1.26 2.91 7.59 7.44 4.07 1.90 0.80 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.29 SW 0.00 0.09 0.3 2.44 3.83 2.57 1.52 0.74 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.31 USW 0.00 0.3 0.44 1.35 1.77 0.73 0.04 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.77 W 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.72 1.26 0.97 1.35 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.55 .NW 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.44 0.97 1.43 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.48 WW 0.00 0.13 0.3 4.80 0.38 0.51 0.72 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.82 *W 0.00 0.17 0.09 0.38 0.30 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.*4 CALas 3.23 5.:3 TSTAL 5.23 3.58 5.18 13.02 24.44 20.40 21.87 4.64 0.17 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.J0 T3f at USE1 or t?Silv4TI0w5 E 'JE5 l'I'3 PERI".D 7 REC:AB 15 FRCn c:T0tER 1, itM TWJJGM SEPTDER 30, 1991
TAALE 2.3-1E n j erve 311tCT!ON Henin FtfMNCY t!!TRituffDs & WIND SPitt V5. t!KtTIM F3 STABILITT CLASS t 0.4 0.6 0.4 1.1 1.4 VisI SPED WSEC) 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 AIOWE 18.0 T C.Avi$. TO.0..5
. . .70 0 7 . 7010
-- . !D. ..1.5
. . TO . .-2 0 TO 3 0 TO 5 0.TO 7.0 . 78 10. TO 13 TO . 18.O.TAL.
t 0.00 0 27 0.42 0.27 0.23 0.04 0.01 0-00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.27 set 0.00 0. t 0.30 0.46 0.33 0.14 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.56 WE 4.00 0.41 0.48 0.30 1.*2 1.05 0.84 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 4.97 [ME 0.00 0.33 0.:5 1.M 1.7I 1 44 1.40 0.49 0.03 0.00 0.M 0.M 0.00 7.23 E 0.00 0.33 0.52 1.04 1.40 1.34 1.81 0 21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 a.73 ISE 0.00 0.34 0.a2 0.70 1.01 0.81 1.13 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 4.54 SE 0.00 0.50 0.54 0.48 1 07 0.32 0.86 0.31 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.79 SSE 4.00 0.57 0.5? 9.91 0.90 0.56 0.43 0.00 0.H 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.04
$ 0.00 0.44 0.90 1.74 2.18 1,53 1 49 0.45 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.96 SSW 0.00 1.05 1.11 2.21 4.75 4.40 4.87 2.46 8.41 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 21.33 Su 4.00 0.51 0.75 1.31 2.44 2.53 2.59 0.94 0.24 0.07 0.00 0.60 0.00 11.41 WSW 0.00 0 27 0.40 0.91 1.74 1.44 1.05 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.02 W 0.00 0.32 0.:t 4.54 1.42 1.42 0.74 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.97 me 0.00 0.17 0.23 0.37 1.18 1.05 0.39 0.0; 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 3.42 WW 0.00 0.19 0.24 0.*7 0.42 0.0 0.41 6.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 2.31 NNW 0.00 0.*3 0. t 0.25 0.14 0.04 0.05 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.99 CAUIS 3.*3 5.23 TOTAL 3.23 6.41 0.04 13.50 *2.54 19.43 18.33 5.45 0.74 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 1M.00 T*TAL WURER OF JtTtveTIONS touALs !!099 Ptt!30 or etC3813 ft0M OCTD8Et le 1977 T180511 SEPTDIER 30 1991
\ $
teale 2.3-17 4suun FatoutNCY tisfattution 0F u!NO SPED V5. I!KCTI3m FR STA8!LITT CLASS F ugug ....................... yIS SPED W1EC) ----------------------- titt: TION 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2. 8 3.1 5.1 71 10.1 13.1 As0WE 0 18 0 TOT 4L CA.ut.5
. TO.w.5 TO . 0 7 T.O 10. . T.O15 7020 ... TO.3 .0. T.O
. - 5 0 7070 - T.O
. 10 TO 13. .. TO.18 -.
N 0.00 1.02 1 17 1 90 1.44 0.44 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.24 anE 0.00 0.93 1.22 2.34 2.44 1.41 0.99 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 9.51 NE 0.00 0.54 4.88 1.41 2.05 2.54 1 51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 f.12 CNE 0.00 0.49 1.02 1.27 1 02 1.17 0.73 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 5.75 t 0.M 0.39 1.17 1.02 1 17 0.88 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.02 ESI 0.00 0.8S 0.73 1.22 0.44 0.29 0.15 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 3.71 St 0.00 0.93 1.12 1.0; 4.95 0.:9 0.10 0.10 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.53 , !!r 0.00 1.51 0.88 1 44 1.07 0.49 1.02 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M O.00 6.43 l l $ 0.00 1.37 1.41 1 37 1,07 0.49 1.07 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.22 l !Su 6.00 1.37 1 12 0.88 0.75 0.54 0.59 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.41 l Su 0.00 0.93 1.17 0 59 0. 0 0.24 0.15 0.10 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.36 WSW 0.M 0.83 OJ3 0.43 0.88 0.49 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 3.41 l l W 0.00 1.12 0.44 0.44 1.41 0.44 0.10 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.39 l wnW 3.00 0.43 0.48 0.43 1.44 1.80 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 3.34 uW 0.00 0.39 0.59 OJS 1.3: 1 90 0.'t 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 5.27 WW 0.00 0.73 0.73 0.83 1.07 0.34 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.80 l CAUt3 11.07 11.07 j mt 12.07 i4.04 15.07 17.9, 1,.02 i4.43 7.3 i.07 0.00 0.M 0.M 0.00 0.00 1M.M V wn etta Or e:SmAft:Ns tut. m1
't1132 E RCO3213 F"3 OCT:ttR !s 19't TWCUGN SEPTDBQ 30 1M1
TAaLI 2.3-138 amelat rPf7JFC I!!'FIBFTW OF ufNt SMTD V5. OfttrTim TW STA81tiTT C. ASS 8 grey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518 SPID WSEC1 ----------------------- 31tCTION 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.a 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 a804 15.0 TOTAL CAu.t$
. . TO
. . 0. 5. TO
. .0 .7 .TO. 10
.-.TO 15 TO 2 0 TO TO 2.0
. .5 0-TO. 7.0 TO.10 .- TD
. 13. TO 18- -
N 0.00 1.03 2.70 4.19 7.74 2.41 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.34 uME 4.00 1.58 1.46 4.38 4.a6 2.33 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15. 2 4 0.00 1.40 1.21 1.21 1.40 1.21 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.52 EM 0.00 0.84 0.44 1.30 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.43 1 0.00 1.40 0.75 0.75 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.98 ESE 4.00 1.83 0.44 0.M 0.19 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 '0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.70 SC 0.00 1.03 0.75 0.54 0.3 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.70 551 0.00 0.84 0.45 0.47 0.3 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.42 1 0.00 0.37 1.03 0.00 0.09 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0:00 0.00 1.2 52 0.00 0.84 0.56 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.2 SW 0.00 0.47 0.37 0.09 0.3 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 WSW 0.00 0.54 0.47 0.37 0.47 0.19 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.14 W 0.00 0.44 0.19 0.45 1.12 0.45 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.82 WNW 0.00 0.56 0.37 0.3 1.12 0.56 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.90 NW 0.00 0.84 0.56 0.37 1.49 1.58 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.00 4.94
#wW 0.00 1.12 0.19 1.?? 3.45 2.90 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.40 CALMS 17.15 17.15 TOTAL 17.15 14.73 13.33 14.96 L.39 12.47 1.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL quman T ssav4TIDNS touALS 1973 Pt3100 0F RICCR215 FROM ETCID to 1979 TittGJQt SEPTDIMI Joe 1981
~
9
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.3-14 MEAN SEASONAL AND ANNUAL MIXING HEIGHTS FOR SEATTLE (a) Time Mixing Height (m) Percent Mean Wind Speed (m/sec) of day (b) Non-P All Non-P(c) Non-P All Wi nter M 626 824 49.8 5.1 6.2 A 585 718 45.8 4.7 5.4 Spring M 611 838 55.2 4.6 5.5 A 1490 1577 56.5 5.7 6.2 Summer M 532 576 85.1 4.0 4.2 A 1398 1419 89.5 4.8 4.9 Autumn M 476 585 61.5 4.3 5.0 j A 898 987 66.3 4.6 5.0 Annual M 578 705 62.8 4.5 5.2 ; A 1092 1175 64.5 4.9 5.4 4 j (a) From Reference 2.3-7. (b) M = Morning, A = Afternoon (c) Non-P = Non-precipitating cases, All = All cases. Non-precipitating cases exclude those in which precipitation occurred near time of measurement and exclude those with missing data and those for which no mixing height could be calculated. l l I l -
-- - e=r e -- - - -m.n---- - - e--c6a- -
----w -g -vvv -gy-
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.3-15 MONTHLY AND ANNUAL PRECIPITATION (inches) IN THE SITE VICINITY Month Aberdeen (a) Max Mean Oakville(c) Olvmoia(d) J anuary 12.70 23.61 1.59 10.-48 8.49 7.93 February 10.23 14.96 2.34 7.95 8.56 5.97 March 9.19 13.16 0.82 7.22 5.70 4.81 April 5.56 8.17 0.48 4.49 3.34 3.14 May 3.43 6.47 0.33 2.56 2.28 1.88 June 2.70 5.53 0.12 1.98 1.86 1.57 July 1.51 3.41 0.02 1.02 0.65 0.70 Augu st 1.79 5.40 0.04 1.53 1.10 1.17 September 3.71 6.21 0.03 2.84 2.25 2.12 October 8.13 14.51 0.97 6.47 5.46 5.28 November 11.09 17.44 1.72 9.36 7.42 7.98 December 14.50 16.67 3.93 10.71 9.44 8.19 Annual 84.54 80.27 41.01 66.51 54.55 50.74 (a) Period of record 1931 - 1960 (b) Period af record 1940 - 1977 (c) Period of record 1931 - 1960 (d) Period of record 1941 - 1970 O
WNP-3 ER-OL 4 TABLE 2.3-16 MONTHLY PRECIPITATION DATA FOR WNP-3 SITE AND ELMA, OCTOBER 1979 - SEPTEMBER 1980
- Total Max 24-hour Days w/ Measurable Precip (in) Precip (in) Precip (20.01 in)
WNP-3 Elma WNP-3 Elma WNP-3 Elma l
- Oct 6.45 7.75 1.44 1.37 23 13 j Nov 1.07 3.26 .68 .72 4 14
! Dec 12.08 18.48 4.00 2.78 18 29
- Jan 6.30 6.50 1. 94 1.98 13 16 :
Feb 10.41 9.95 3.06 1.86 20 '20 , Mar 5.04 4.72 .97 .89 25 25 Apr 3.50 4.91 .81 .90 16 15 May 1.25 1.81 .41 .55 10 13 i Jun 1.17 2.26 .27 .64 15 15 , Jul .79 .71 .62 .43 7 5
- \
Aug 1.25 1.27 .42 .26 9 8 l I Sep 2.72 2. 95 .86 .68 18 14 i l l l l 1 l ?~ 8 L l L i I
TasLI 2.3-17A CWMT'T 40rNLT P4ECP! TAT!7 U!~~t #*ISe 10-8CD LIVEle JAA:Aff ding ....-.................. gig 3Ptg (A/stt) .....-.................
!!AT 7IJN 4.4 6.6 4.8 1.1 16 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 11.1 Aa0VE 14.0 CAU.!S.
. - TO .0 .5.. TO . .. 0 7 f510 ft 1.5 . T.O.. 2 0 TO 3 0 .TO 5.- 0 .70- -7.3 TO- 10. -TO 13.TOT.AL. 72 18 e 0.r9 8.M 0.47 - 4.00 1.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 1.89 W 0.00 4.94 0.00 0.47 1.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 2.83
#E 6.00 1.42 1.42 6.47 6.00 0.00 1.42 0.00 0.M 0.M 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.72 DE 0.00 0.47 0.47 0.94 2.36 2.36 1.77 0.47 0.00 6.M 4.00 0.00 0.00 10.85 E 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.47 2.3 2.36 4.5 6.94 0.00 4.00 6.00 6.00 4.00 10.85 6.00 0.94 4.47 6.47 6.94 0.47 4.25 1.42 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 8.96 E3E SE 0.00 0.00 4.47 1.89 8.94 1.42 1.42 1.I' O.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 8.02 SSE 0.00 0.47 6.94 0.00 6.94 4.47 1 42 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 4.3 0.00 6.47 1.42 2.83 3.30 2.83 2.83 2.36 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.04 1
0.00 0.94 6.47 0.94 1.42 2.83 3 77 0.47 1 42 1.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.15 SSN
$W 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.47 0.47 4.94 0.47 1.42 9.47 0.47 6.00 0.00 0.00 4.72 0.M 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 O 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 0.00 W 0.00 0.47 8.00 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.00 0 00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.42 Wals 0.H 0.00 0.47 5 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 4.94 4 0.00 0.47 4.94 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 2.36 un 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 0.47 6.60 CAuts 6.40 6.60 7.08 8.02 11.32 16.51 13.68 23.54 8.96 1.89 2.36 6.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL TOTAL NL99D OF CBSDVaf!OW5 E7JALI !!
PERIC3 Of att3815 Ft0n ETula le 1979 heGGI SEPTDER 30 1981 f.18LI 2.3-17I CO'f'JS!TT @TitY **fMPTTaf13 WIND ttEE5 104ETD LINEle FDRUARY utND *--.-----..- -----.. -- die SPTIS (A/SEC) -.--- .....-..---.--- -
!!TTOTIDI 0.4 0.6 6.8 1.1 1.6 2.1 3.1 S.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 A00VE 18.
CAut.5 TO . 0 .5 .TO 0 7 .TO . .10 TU 15 . T.O
-- . 2 - 0. T.O 3 TO 7 0 TD 10 TO 13 TO.18 4e=TO.5.0 .- .- .4 TU.TA.L N 0.00 0.29 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 4.M t.00 0.58 NNE 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.58 NE 0.00 0.00 6.87 0.00 8.29 0.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 2.02 ENE 6.00 0.29 0.29 0.3 0.2 0.29 1.45 0.00 6.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 3.18 E 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 1.16 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.02 ESE 4.00 1.45 0.29 1.16 2.60 0.29 4.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.36 4.00 0.29 0.00 4.29 8.73 2.60 1.73 0.58 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 7.23 SE
!!! 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.87 0-58 1.73 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 4.34 0.00 0.00 0.!,8 0.2 3.76 1.73 3.47 1.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.27 5
55W 0.00 0.09 0.29 0.2 1.73 2.31 4.62 5.20 1.16 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 16.18 SW 0.00 0.29 1 45 4.58 0.87 2.60 7.51 8.38 4.91 !.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.61 G 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.2 1.73 4.58 3.47 1.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.09 W 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.87 0.58 0.58 0.29 0.:9 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.89 Wwv 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.0* 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.58 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 44 0.00 6.:9 0.00 8.58 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 1.16 4.91 . CALP$ 4.91 4.91 3 18 5.01 3 09 16.18 12.43 24.86 17.05 ' 6.07 2.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
?"T 4L
- TAL otra or C85DVat!"wt I?Jats 146
'tRI;3 0F sit 3315 FMn OCT3tA 1 19-9 T*?In SEPTD83 30 1981
iMLE 2.3-1
- f% cenP95f7E MouTat tett:P!taff0s utse mosts. to-(Tit LEWL. nasce I
v
\/
y;x3 ....................... vgg ggg3 cnfSgg3 .......................
- ECT:=
0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.8 7.1 10.1 13.1 naout 10 7.0 TO 10 TO 13 TO 18 18.0 CE.RS.TO.0.5. . TO 0.7 . .7010
. . .TO15 TO20. TO . 3 0 T.O . . 5- 0. . . . .- 10 tat.
N 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.32 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 et 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 NE 0.00 0.32 1.27 0.32 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.0G 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.90 DE 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 6.32 0.32 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 4.95 E 0.00 0.32 4.43 1.27 0.75 0.43 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.43 ESE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.J2 0.43 1.90 1 27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.75 SE 0.00 0.32 0.43 0.43 0.43 1.58 1.58 0.43 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.33 SSE 0.00 0.95 0.63 1.58 2.22 0.95 1.58 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.54 5 6.00 0.00 0.32 0.43 0.43 1 27 2.22 0 43 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 5.70 55W 0.00 0.00 0.00 1. 7 1.27 2.53 f.18 10.76 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 25.32 Su 9.00 0.00 0.43 0.95 2.85 2.53 5.70 4.11 2.53 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.94 dSW 0.00 0.32 1.3 1.27 3.14 1.54 2.53 2.22 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.97 W 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 6.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.50 M 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 1.50 8.00 0.43 0.63 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.14 Nu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.95 0.00 0.00 0. 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 4 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.95 C4M5 2.22 2.22 TOYE 2 22 2.53 4.33 9.49 13.92 13.29 24.58 21. 3 3.48 0.95 0.00 8.00 0.00 100.00 TOTE qun0ER OF OpsEpaflows [3uals 316 PERICS OF REC 33 IS FROM OCT3ER 1,1979 DESE4 SEPf0ER 30 1901
\v )
TAIL 12.3-173 CDPP05f7E MouT4f PRECIP! Tat!Ou ufe 205ES.10-(TU LEWie art!L g:gg ....................... ggg ygg3 ggfstg3 .......................
!!RECTION 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.8 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 maout 18 0 C.a.u.l.5
. . .7005
. . .TO . .0 .7 .TO 10 70.1.5 TO 2 0 T.O 3 0. . T.O50
. . .- 7070 TO.10 TO.13 . TO 18. 70faL.
N 4.00 0.59 0.00 0.00 0. 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 mt 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.3 NE 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59 ENE 0.00 0.00 0.3 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.59 E 0.00 0.59 0.3 0.29 0.:t 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.35 ESE 0.00 0.59 0.3 1.18 0.59 0.59 1.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.71 SE 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.29 0.88 0.59 0.00 0.:t 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.45 ! 15E 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.:t 2.06 0.3 2.35 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.47 1 0.00 0.29 0.3 0.88 3.:4 5.59 7.35 2.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.59 ISW 0.00 0.59 0.3 0.3 1.47 5.88 11.18 8.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 21.24 fu 0.00 0.3 0 29 1.13 2.34 3.24 4.71 4.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 0.00 15.88 WSW 0.00 0.59 0.29 1 18 1.18 1.47 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0c 0.00 0.00 5.59 3 0.00 0.00 0. 9 0.00 0. t 1 76 1.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 12 M 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.09 0.29 0.00 0.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 47 W 0.00 0.00 0.;t 0.00 0.59 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.18 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.41
, j CEas 4.41
_4.12 _ 6.18_13.53 _ _ 3 .59 30.09 17.04_ 0.00 _ _0.00 _0.00_ 0.00 _ (/ TOTE 4.41 _3.82 0.00 100.00
'OTE NL*!Et CF lI!EW4ff'lNS E7JALS 340 TER: 3 CF RE: R311 FRCR JCIO9ER to 1979 TWGEN SEPTEMER 30 1981
fakt 2.3-17E C3ec5fft mornty Pett:Priattom ufra rns.104titt Ltutt. nat gtw3 ....................... gggg gTD (R/1[:1 -=**----*-**----------- DIRECT:On 6.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 asow 18 0 T CAus - . TO.0.5 .ft 0.7 7010
-. . .7015
. . .. 1020
. . 70. 3.4 TO 5 0 70 7.0 70.10. 70-.13. 70 14
. -- . . .UTat e 0.00 2.60 0.45 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 3.2 and 0.00 0.45 1.?5 2.40 1.f5 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 9.06 0.00 0.00 7.14 NE 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.75 3.2 1.30 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 7.14 INE 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.f5 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 too 4.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 t 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.45 9.45 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40
!!! 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.45 1.95 1.30 6.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 6.00 3.90
$[ 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.45 0.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 1.30 SSI 0.00 0.00 0.45 6.00 0.45 2.40 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4.55 5 6.00 0.00 1.30 9.45 1.30 1.75 5.84 8.45 0.00 0.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 11.49 trJ 0.00 0.45 1.30 2.40 7.79 4.2 8.44 2.40 0.00 0.00 8.00 4.00 0.00 27.92 SW 0.00 0.45 0.45 1.f5 3.90 1.95 1.30 0.45 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 4.00 11.04 W!U 0.00 0.00 0.45 1.30 1.30 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 3.90 u 4.00 0.00 0.00 6.45 1.3* 3.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 m 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.30 9.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 8.00 6.00 0.00 1.75 WW 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.45 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 4.00 4.00 6.00 1.?5 NNW 0.00 0.45 1.30 0.45 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 6.00 0.00 2.40 CALRS 3.90 3.90 TOTAL 3.ft 7.14 9.09 14.83 24.48 14.23 18.18 3.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL strKR Or 03 EnvatI3r5 EUueLS 154 PERIOD OF etC2315 FR0R OC'OID te 1977 T100.IM SIPTEMatR 30 1981 TAall 2.3-17F O
DProtTTI MONTit? PetttPITaftz utND tcSES.10-ntTD LEVEL. M g;w- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gIND SPEIE (u/5tt) -----------------------
- 1*t:T!3 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 2.1 3.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 Aa0VE TO 3 0 11 5.0 7011 C.A.L.MS TO . . .0 . 5. -TO
. 0 7 20 7010
. . . 1015 to. 14. i e.T.O 16 T.O 13 TO
. - 15. .
18.
.0 10 fat
=
# 4.00 0.55 0.00 0.55 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.H 4.01 0.00 0.00 6.00 1 45 et 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.55 1.10 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 2 75 NE 0.00 1.10 6.00 0.55 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.30 (NE 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.45 3.30 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 4.95 t 0.00 1.10 4.00 0.2 2.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 3.25
(![ 0.00 0.00 1.10 1.10 1.45 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 5.49 51 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 1.45 0.00 0.55 0.00 ,0.00 0.00 6.00 6.00 0.00 2.20
!St 0.00 0.00 0. 5 1.10 0.2 0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.75 5 0.00 6.55 0.00 1.45 3.33 2.20 2.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.99 55W 0.00 0.M 1.10 2.20 3.85 8.24 18.13 1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 35.14
$W 0.00 0.00 0.2 1.10 2.75 3.30 2.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 9.89 WSW 0.H 0.00 0.00 0.2 2.20 0.00 6.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 3.30 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.2 1.10 0.2 2.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 4.f5 M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.2 0.55 0.2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.45 WW 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.45 0.55 0.2 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 2.75 uww 0.00 0.00 1.10 0.2 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.75 CALR$ t .45 1.45
!C'4L 1.45 3.25 4.40 14.04 28.57 18.13 24.92 1.45 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL wette or ctstsvat ws t'".AL$ 152 J recn 3tTOMR le 1979 THR7JGN $[?IDBER 30e 1991 FDt:10F ttt" 311
TAE! 2.3-17G n C08POSITT 810NMT Mit:PITATION utme ROSES.16-(TER LEW1. J1Y ( \ C.) me 0111CTICM
....................... arme Snts wsEta - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 3.1 7.1 te.t 13.1 400ut CAU45 TO 0.5 TO 0.7 TO 1.0 7015 702.0 TO 3.0 TO 5.0 TO 7.0 TO 10. TO 13 7010. 10.0 TOTE
= . . . . - -. -- . . . .- - --s N 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 NME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.2 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 ENE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ESE 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 SE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 4.90 4.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14.20
$2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 1 0.00 0.00 2.33 2.33 4.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.43 SSW 0.00 0.00 2.33 2.33 11.43 11.43 0.30 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.53 SW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.45 4.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 f.30 WSU 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 WNW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 MW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 NNW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 00 0.00 0.00 2.33 CAutS 0.00 0.00 TUTE 0.M 0.00 4.45 4.45 37.21 27.91 23.24 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL Nurfft Dr OBSERVAT!DNS EDUES 43 PERIOD OF REC 3015 TROFI OCTDKR to 1979 T)slaul01 SEPTD4KR 30 1901
%) FARE 2.3-17N C3tPaSITT qurMY MitI7tTAT!3M WING BOSE3e 10-TTER LEVEL. AURIST gInt ....................... yIS SPEIB tM/SEC) -----------------==----
*11 f!ON
- 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.8 14 2.1 1.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 400UE 1 T t.Auts =70. 0..5.TO .0 7 7010.
. . .TO15... .TO.20
. 7030 TO.. - 5 0 70 . 7.0 TO 70.10 . 13.
s TO 10 =04. .OTE. N 0.00 0.00 2.0 1.33 2.47 4.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.47 MNE 4.00 0.00 1.33 1.33 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.M 40 NE 4.00 0.00 1.33 2.0 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ENE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 ESE 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 4.00
!! 0.00 1.33 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 2.0 151 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 S 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 2.0 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.33 SSW 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 13.33 2.47 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 6. # 37.33 SW 0.00 1 33 1.33 1.33 2.0 5.33 2.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 14. 0 Weu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 1.33 WW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NW 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 ed 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.0 i CAU'S 2.0 20 t 1:TE 2., :., . .u 10., 30., ie.M 14.00 :., I ., 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M ,00.M teT4L carn er 00stwArtens t:cEs n FTR13 CF RECTO 15 FRut OCTOKR te 1979 THROUGH SEPTEM0ER 30 1981
falLI 2.3-17! C: ppa $f't MONTit? Pett!P!Taff0s utal kor15. to-#ETD IIVEL. EPfDIER s!s3 ----------------------- v!n syg3 (n/st ) --------------- ------- 8114ti:Du 6.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.3 10.1 13.1 ABOVE 18. C.A.u.t.s ..
. T.O.0 5-.70 0.7 ft 1.0 T.J
===== . 1 5 T.O 2 0 . T.O
-. 3- 0 ft 5.0 78 7m.0-. T.3 T.Oto13. .T314 .mme.0 .T.UTAL.
a 0.00 0.00 0.54 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.41 mWE 0.00 0.54 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.49 ut 0.00 1.00 0.54 2.15 2.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.45 ENE 0.00 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.23 I 0.00 0.00 0.54 1.00 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.74 t:1 0.00 0.00 0.54 2.15 0.00 0.54 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.76
$E 0.00 0.00 0.0u 0.00 2.49 1.41 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.38 $tt 0.00 0.00 1.08 0.00 1.00 3.74 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 e.99 3 0.M 1.08 0.00 0.54 4.30 2.49 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 10.22 SSW 0.00 0.54 0.54 1.41 4.84 4.30 9.48 17.20 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.75 SW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.23 0.54 1.41 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.00 5.91 U:W 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.H 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.49 W 0.00 0.00 0.54 0.00 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.15 WNW 0.00 0.54 0.00 0,54 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 41 WW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 0.54 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.15 ww 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 CAuts 0.54 0.54 7 fAL 6.54 5.91 4.04 11.29 3 .27 13.59 17.00 18. 8 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 TOTAL NUMEG OF 08 DVAf!'NS EQUALS 184 Pit!D8 0F REC 3315 FRan (ETCBD te 1979 D53LM SEPTDiM2 30 1981 TAELE 2.3-17J O
C0pr*1fft n0NTRY PertIPTTaffou uf WD DEE3 10-aETER 1.EWLe OCTDED ufND - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WIND SrH3 MEE) ===*-========---------- BIEICT!DN 0.4 0.6 0.8 11 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 A30YE 18 0 C4 A.$
. TO.0 5 TO. 0 7 7010 . T.O. 15 T.O. 2. 0. TO .3 0 T.O . . 5. 0 TO.7 0 70T.O 10 13 70. 18 . . TOTA.L e 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.47 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.H 1.88 mME 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 at 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.94 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.N ENE 0.00 0.94 0.94 0.47 0.00 2.2 3.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 7.99 E 0.00 0.94 0.94 0.94 1.80 0.94 1.88 t.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.90 (St 0.00 9.47 0.00 1,41 1.88 2.22 2.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.39 SE 0.00 1.41 0.47 1.41 2.35 2.82 6.10 1.B8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.43 SSI 0.00 0.94 0.00 3.29 5.43 2.82 0.94 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.02 1 0.00 0.94 1.41 0.94 3.09 1.88 3.74 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.42 SSE 4.00 0.00 1.88 2.2 1.41 f 80 4.23 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13.15 SW 0.00 0.47 4.47 1.41 4.47 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.29 sSW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 d 0.00 0.47 1.41 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2. 5 wee 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.94 W 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 mW 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 CALR$ 3.76 3.74 73f4L 3.74 7.t0 3.45 14.00 19.72 15.49 23.94 6.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 T0% WLetO Or ::Strsat:0Ns E0uaLS 213 PDIOD OF KEC35 !$ FFCP 0;iOSEA te 19M Det0 UGH SEPTt*8D 30 1981
t l TAK! 2.3-17E C'M05 fit mir%Y put!PtTarton Wie nostl 194Try tfvtle WWE*Et ( L v!w5 ....................... ggg spg3 wgg) ....................... BIECTION 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.1 1.4 21 31 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 aaDWE 1
.C.AU.IS .. T.O.0.5 TO. 0.7 TO . .t.0 . TO
- . 15
. .TO
. 2.0 TO 3 T.O 0 TO7.05.0
.TO.10.
. TO 13. TO 18 ==8. 0 .TO.TAL.
# 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17 W4 0.00 0.00 0.79 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.56 4 0.00 0 39 0.39 0.00 1.17 1 17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.13 Dit 0.00 0.3? 0.00 1.f5 1.17 1.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 4.49 I 4.00 0.00 0.75 0.78 1.M 4.30 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.81 ISE - 0.00 0.39 0.39 8.f5 2.73 1.17 4.49 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.72 SE 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.39 3.52 0.39 3.52 1.17 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.77 SSE 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17 1.54 2.34 4 30 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.f4 5 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.78 0.31 1.f5 5.00 7.81 0.39 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.19 .
SSU 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.39 2.34 5.00 15.23 3.?! 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 27.34
$U 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.39 0.70 0.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.34 WSU 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 3.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 4.00 0.00 0.37 M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 WW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.3f 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 NNW 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.39 tau!$ 0.00 0.00 TOTAL 0.00 2.34 3.52 8.59 14.45 14.02 23.83 24.f5 4.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 ftfat wuMKR y Ottttvat!Ous (Qual 5 2'4 PGIOD CF REC 3315 FR0R CCTOBER to If79 fletRet SEPTDIKR 30, 1981 f
(% w TAILE 2.3-17L
\
Carratift 40lmtf Pett!Pffattan WInt ROK3 10-(TER tfVEls NCDISER l l steg
....................... Ute SPEI WSEC) -----------------------
81RE !!0N 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 3.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 400WE C.Auf.5 T.O
. . .0. 5 TO 0.7 .7010 . . .TO . 15. TO 2 0 TO . -3 0 T.O 5 0 TO T.O7.0 10 .-18.0 f.6 18 13 TO .T.O.TE.
W 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.22 9.45 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 MME 2.00 0.*2 1.11 0.89 4.47 0.4? 9.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.54 4 0.00 0.H 0.45 0.45 2.23 2.70 1.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.A 0.00 0.00 7.13 E4 0.00 0.00 0.47 0.89 2.90 2.47 4.23 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.58 E 0.00 0.*2 0.00 2.47 2.23 1.11 2.00 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.49 t!I 4.00 0.89 0.89 1.56 2.00 2.67 4.64 0.22 a0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.72 SE 0.00 1.54 1.54 1.54 2.23 !.45 2.00 0.T 00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.50 l SSE 4.00 1.11 0.47 t.56 3.54 1.11 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.et 9.58
- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.89 l 0.09 1.11 1.34 1 11 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.37 '
SSW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.67 1.34 1.75 2.90 7.13 4.45 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 19.44 SW 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 0 22 0.00 0.47 0.89 0.45 0 22 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.47 W!W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 W 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.22 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45 W 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.22 0.00 0.22 0. *2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 11 4 0.00 0.22 0.00 4.*2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.45 MW 0.H 0.00 0.45 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.M 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.47 ( CAL *5 1.'t I.78 w/ Total 1.'t 4 23 4.90 12.47 18.93 17.59 20.71 10.49 5.12 1.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 70 at trttt & Ststtvat!CNS tatALS 449 Ft9tC3 3 5t:3R315 F50n CCTOKR te 197? fieQJGH SEPTipKR 30 1981
f ARI L3-tQ assuat Pet!!PtTarton ufNB FJSE ID-4TER t.fWL W:wn . . ..................... g;gg SPE5 (R/SC) ---- ----------=*------- !! RECT!0N 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.1 5.1 7.1 10.1 13.1 &aout Clu$ 18 4 TOTA
. Y.O.0 5 TD.- . 4.7
. .TO - .10. TO= .t 5. 13.2.0
-- 7530 73 5.4 -. .TO - -7.0.- TO 10. T313. TO 18 .- .L
# 0.00 0.34 4.32 6.09 0.47 0.11 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.3 uMC 6.00 0.3 6.43 6.54 4.45 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 2.06 NE 4.00 4.34 0.2 4.54 1.23 0.74 0.36 0.00 0.00 4.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 3.82 DC 0.M 4.3 4.32 6.79 1.08 6.f7 1.3 0.07 0.M t.00 4/5 4.00 0.00 3.05 1 0.00 0.32 4.3 1.05 1.37 1 08 0.90 0.3 6.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.30 f!t 0.00 4.54 9.43 1.15 1.44 1 23 2.31 6.32 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 4, W 7.43
$E 0.00 4.11 0.51 6.72 1 73 1.3 1.84 4.41 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 7.50 52 0.00 0.40 0.43 1.05 2.13 1.30 1.42 0.51 0.00 8.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 7.43 5 4.00 0.29 0.54 0.f7 2.42 2.24 3.39 1.80 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.72 33W 0.M 0.29 0.47 1.13 2.42 3.44 7.M 7.14 1.46 0.36 0.00 0.00 4.00 24.31 SW 0.00 0.19 0.43 0.76 ' t.40 1.70 2.89 2.42 3 01 0.40 6.M 0.00 0.00 11.2&
u:.8 0.00 0.18 4.29 6.54 1.19 0.54 0.87 4.47 8.04 0.04 0.00 6.00 0.00 4 15 W 6.00 0.07 4.3 0 32 0.51 4.47 0.47 0.H 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 2.13 unu 4.00 0.04 4.22 0.M 0.34 0.47 0.18 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.34 uw 0.00 0.14 4.11 0.36 0.19 0.29 0.00 0.wo 0.00 0.00 6.00 0.00 0.00 1.08 NNu 0.00 0.14 0.34 6.3 0.14 0.04 6.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.97 CAtr.5 2.92 2.92 TOTAL
- t2
. 4.33 4.42 10.44 18.80 14.16 3 .77 13.71 2.43 4.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 7074L suMKR 7 OfSDrYAf13NS EDuaLS 2772
- PERIOR W REC 3515 ft0M OCTCatt le 1979 T)0MH SEPTDER 30 1981 14 ALE 2.3-183 aman PettfPitaf!0N u1We DOST 60-(Til GWL g!KB - - --- ----------- ----- WIM3 SPCIE ( m - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
CIRECI!ON 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.4 f.1 3.1 11 7.1 10.1 13 1 stouE to 7.0 to 10. TO 13. TO 18 1s. T CALNS TO 4.5 TO
. . .0.7
. TO 10 . TO .15
--- .. 10toa.03.0 to.5.4
. - ===. . - . - .--- - .0 .OTAL.
e 0.00 0.04 4.07 0.07 6.39 0.11 0.11 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.82 mWE 6.00 0.14 0.00 9.14 4.21 0.47 0.07 0.04 8.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.47 4 0.00 0.07 0.18 0.14 4.44 0.25 9.74 0.85 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.M C.06 2.80 El( 0.00 0.47 0.04 0.14 0.50 0.64 1 59 2.3 0.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.81 1 0.00 0.04 0.11 0.21 0.53 0.92 1.17 1.91 0.21 0.00 4.00 0.04 4.00 5.14 151 0.00 0.11 0.11 0.3 4.71 0.78 1.49 3.76 9.35 4.04 0.00 6.00 0.00 7.58 SE 0.00 4.25 0.14 0.21 0.94 1.20 3.05 5.00 1.'7 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.42 52 0.00 0.04 0.18 6.21 0.44 0.85 2.23 2.34 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.00 7.12 5 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.3 0.57 0.82 3.26 4.44 2.13 0.50 4.00 0.00 0.00 14.07 SSW 0.00 0.H 0.04 0.07 0.3 0.50 2.64 5.78 3.:: 1.81 0.53 0.00 0.00 14.30 SW 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.18 0.11 0 31 1.3 4.34 3.22 1.76 0.46 0.00 0.00 11.84 WSW 6.00 0.44 0.07 0.07 0.35 0.53 1.3 3.51 2.09 1.10 0.21 0.00 0.00 f.18 8 0.00 0.G0 0.07 0.14 0.2 0.35 0.89 1.38 1 43 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.H 4.78 euw 0 00 0.04 0.14 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.11 0.04 0.04 0.00 4.00 0.09 4.00 0.78 NW 0.J0 0.00 0.04 0.04 6.11 0.11 6.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.35 Nuu , 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.04 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31 CALMS 3.17 1 17 Tgiat 1.17 6.96 1.24 a.*3 6.31 7.80 19.95 33.09 15.27 5.74 1 20 0.04 4.04 100.00 rCrn. aunri y elevatim tzaL5 :S:: Pttn;3 Of tt :RS 15 FRon Oci:Mt 1, itn THROUCH SEPTDICR 30, 1991 s
\ s
I l. ! WNP-3 , j ER-OL
)
l TABLE 2.3-19 RAINFALL RATE (m/hr) 3 DISTRIBUTION AT THE WNP-3 SITE (a) Rate Percent l i l i 0.1 - 0.5 52.3 L } 0. 6 - 1. 0 17.5 i i i 1.1 - 2.0 16.1 ' I j 2.1 - 3.0 7.1 - j 3.1 - 4.0 2.8 ! 4.1 - 5.0 2.4 , ! 5.1 - 6.0 1.0 i i 6.1 - 8.0 0.7 l Total 99.9 !, o
@ (a)0ctober 1979 - September 1981 I
1 1 i i I 4 I r L F t i I. f r, + ,-.---.s --n--..--,.-.-,,-~...--,.--..-,,nn.,.,,,,
4- gj. III N o . . . . ' ' ' ' S' o . .. . . .
# 3 4 SSE _
3,
*: 8, g I,.... . . , ,
!Ef 4-I ',: wSw 8-2 NE 3o w s.
g- , d ,e J g4 ' ' ' ' ' - " o . . . . . . . a i4- T p 4- w u- g ,3. w 3" b 32- a g. M- ENE J n- W a o . . . . . , , .
- o 3-a W 3 5s I g E r L ,.
g 3- 4~ 2 3-NW 3 g-d i- :- - Bo . . . . . . . . . i- c . , ,.,. . .
$ . .I o i i 14 6iii s6 '
41 3 , 4- DlSTANCE (MILES) A 2 2- o I i ii iif i bh o . , , , , , . . DISTANCE (MILES) e-7- 6-5- 4- SE 3-2- I-o i i i 4 ii r i i h DISTANCE (MILES) I WASI"*8GTON PUBLIC POWER Sbe* PLY SYSTEM FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 TERRAIN llEIGilT, 0-10 MILES OPERATING LICENSE 2.3_1 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
4
- s * '
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(
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,3 0 E IT S
I l I , M O R
. i1 , , i . s ,0 F
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- . i .
, i . s ,01 i
D 5 0 1 W W W W S S W S N W N , S S W W W N N T H o G 3 2 8 0L2 - ' 0I 0I o 3 23 oI 6 5 4
- - - -
- 2
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b [ C m N wi . # ,# a e s - i 'oD s A T SI CE M3 LT oEO I BS N NE SP T R E E E E UYT ER N E N S E S PSCC L N N N E E E S S NY J LAT EI
- _ - - . . - . - . - - - ~ - -
O OL T P OG 7 s5 4 3 2 io2 O
- _ - - - - - - - P RN N G U PITM E 8
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UNP-3 ER-OL (m 2.4 HYDROLOGY 2.4.1 Surf ace Water The WNP-3 project is located on a ridge 1.4 miles south of the confluence of the Chehalis and Satsop Rivers, and approximately 21 river miles (RM) upstream of the Chehalis River's confluence with Grays Harbor. Nominal plant grade is 390 ft mean sea level (MSL), about 370 ft above the Che-halis River floodplain. Makeup water for the Circulating Water System is supplied from induced infiltration of surf ace waters and groundwater with-in the Chehalis River by Ranney collector wells located slightly more than three miles downstream from the Satsop River confluence. Blowdown from the natural-draft cooling tower is discharged to the Chehalis River through a submerged multiport diffuser located 0.5 miles downstream from the confluence (see Section 3.4). The Chehalis River watershed is shown in Figure 2.4-1, and principal hydrologic features of the site vicinity are shown in Figure 2.4-2. 2.4.1.1 Chehalis River Hydrolooy and Physical Characteristics The Chehalis River basin is a major river basin draining west-central Washington. The river heads in the Willapa Hills in southwestern Washing-ton, flows generally northeastward to Grand Mound, and enters into Grays Harbor at Aberdeen. The higher portions of the river basin, where the O river has an average slope of about 16 feet per mile, are rugged and b densely forested. The slope flattens to about 3 feet per mile near the city of Chehalis and then 2 feet per mile near Satsop. The river and its tributaries have a drainage area of about 2,115 sq mi; the total area draining to the site is about 1,765 sq mi, of which approximately 300 sq mi is drainage area of the Satsop River. A stream gage for the Chehalis River was installed and operated at the site by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1977 u' sing temoo-rary f acilities; permanent f acilities were constructed in 1981. There are no other long-term gaging station records for the lower reach of the Che-halis River. However, long-term records are available for USGS gaging stations on the Chehalis at Grand Mound (1929-present) (RM 59.9), Porter (1952-1972; 1972-1979)(RM 33.3) and on the Satsop River near Satson (1929-present)(RM 2.3 upstream from mouth). River flows near the site are estimated by adding the Satsop River flow to the flow in the Chehalis River at Porter or Grand Mound adjusted to the site by drainage area ratio. The annual mean flow near the site is 6,630 cubic feet per second (cfs); the monthly mean flow ranges from 730 cfs in August to 14,865 cfs in Janu-ary. The minimum monthly flow, 432 cfs, occurred in August 1951, while the maximum monthly flow, 40,876 cfs, occurred in De.cember 1934. Esti-mated monthly average flows in the Chehalis River near the site are shown in Table 2.4-1. As indicated in the table, the flow in the river is quite variable and reflects the seasonal rainf all distribution within the O (j basi n. Also listed in Table 2.4-1 are the record minimum daily flows for - each month. 2.4-1
WNP-3 ER-OL The lowest daily flows in the site vicinity are normally expected in August and September. The one percent non-exceedence flows for these two months are 500 and 460 cfs, respectively. The once-in-10-year, 7-day duration low flow for the Chehalis River downstream of the Satsop conflu-ence is 530 cfs based on recorded flow data for the period 1930-1981 (WNP-3 FSAR Appendix 2.4A). The 7-day low-flow frequency curve is shown on Figure 2.4-3. Floods occur in the region primarily in December and January, but damaging floods may occur as early as the beginning of November and as late as the end of April . The estimated momentary maximum flood flow in the Chehalis River near the site, 97,100 cfs, occurred on December 21, 1933. The annu-al momentary maximum flows from 1930 to 1979 are listed in Table 2.4-2, and a f requency analysis of flood flow data is presented in Figure 2.4-4 The Chehalis River channel at the site is approximately 250 feet wide and varies in depth from a few feet during low flow to greater than 30 feet during flooding conditions when the entire flood plain is inundated. Channel geometry varies considerably in the site vicinity. Figure 2.4-5 shows river cross-sections in the vicinity of the blowdown diffuser (see Subsection 3.4.4). River bed elevations near the site are variable, rang-ing from mean sea level just downstream of the Satsop confluence to ap-proximately 19 feet below MSL just upstream of the confluence. The chan-nel gradient or slope from about 10 miles upstream of the site to Grays Harbor (21 miles downstream of the site), is approximately 0.04 percent. The Satsop River exhibits a much steeper slope which ranges from approxi-mately one percent in the vicinity of its confluence with the Chebalis River to nearly 15 percent at its head waters in the Olympic Mountains. The velocity of the Chehalis River is quite variable. During low-flow , conditions (< 200 cfs) upstream of the Satsop confluence, velocities of less than 0.2 fps are experienced. For the reach of river downstream of the Satsop confluence, velocities increase to approximately 0.4 fps during low-flow conditions (~ 400 cfs) due to the Satsop River inflow. During flood conditions ( > 30,000 cfs) channel velocities reach 6 to 7 fps. River flow in the site vicinity may also be influenced by tidal action. The degree of tidal effect depends on the river flow and the height of the ocean tide. The influence is most noticeable during spring high tides and low river flows, which in combination reduce and sometimes reverse the current velocity. During periods of high streamflow, the tidal effects on the river stage and flow are considerably less pronounced. Natural bathy-metric features also affect river flow and tidal propagation in the river; a riffle area (approximately River Mile 19) reduces the effect of tidal propagation near the site area. In a 1975 field survey, the daily average flow ranged from 1,040 to 1,610 cfs; no reversals were observed during high tides above was reduced the 10 to about riffle percent area, of although current its steady flow velocity.1 velocity p{)the riffle In 1977, when the daily average flow was 570 cfs, the velocity at River Mile 20.5 was decreased to 15 percent of the steady flow speed during Deak high 2.4-2 9
WNP-3 ER-OL ti de. (2 ) In mid-September and again a month later, current velocity was ( ,- reduced to stagnation for at least one-half hour. The stagnations coin-cided with perigee spring high tides and river flows of 1,070 to 1,370 cfs. The steady flow velocity ranges from 0.44 fps when the river flow is 570 cfs to 2.8 fps when the river flow is 7500 cfs. Conductivity measure-ments indicate salinity at the site is representative of freshwater, and the saline estuarine zone does not extend upstream as far as the intake structure during flow reversals (see Subsection 2.4.1.3). 2.4.1.2 Site Hydrology The plant is located on a ridge that divides the drainage basins of sever-al streams none of which flow through the plant area; there are no ponds or wetlands in the immediate area. Five streams drain at least some por-tion of the site: Workman, Purgatory, Fuller, Hyatt, and Elizabeth Creeks. Stein Creek, a tributary to Workman Creek, and Purgatory and Ful-1er Creeks are within site boundaries. All are relatively short intermit-tent / permanent streams originating at elevations between 300 to 400 feet (90 to 120 meters) in hills south of Montesano and Elma. Both Purgatory Creek and Hyatt Creek flow through high culverts near their mouths wh h are only passable to salmon and trout when the Chehalis River floods. ) In general, site streams flow over bedrock composed of sandstone and silt-stone. The lower portions of the streams are enclosed primarily by (~'N trenchlike banks composed of mud and clay. Streambeds within the lower s ) sections are composed primarily of fine sand and silt created from erosion of the soft bedrock. Most streams exhibit a pool to riffle ratio favor-able to salmonid spawning, however many lack significant reaches of spawn-ing gravel necessary for successful propagation and two streams (Purgatory and Hyatt Creeks) are not accessible to upstream migrants. All are char-acteristically 12 inches during shallow withand sumer averagg) f all.W depths ranging from approximately 2 to Total drainage areas for the site streams and the percent actually in-cluded in the plant construction zone are presented in Table 2.4-3. The watersheds of the site streams have been significantly affected by recent and past logging activities near the headwaters. The percentage of site stream watershed area clearcut since 1965 ranges from 48 percent for Hyatt Creek to 11 percent f or Stein Creek. Streamflows in Purgatory and Fuller Creeks were significantly altered by site erosion control runoff treatment measures during the construction phase. During early phases of construction water from these streams was pumped to project sedimentation ponds, treated with flocculant and subse-quently discharged into the Chehalis River. Other streams which were di-rectly influenced by plant construction are Hyatt Creek, which runs paral-lel to the existing Bonneville Power Administration corridor and the route of the transporter / west access road, and Elizabeth Creek, approximately 250 yards of which was rechanneled.
\
O b kl 2.4-3 J
UNP-3 ER-OL Figure 2.4-6 shows the post-construction drainage pattern. Storm runoff l will drain to Fuller, Purgatory, and Workman Creeks. Runoff from an area of approximately 35 acres formerly drained by Stein Creek has been di-verted to Fuller and Purgatory Creeks as a result of the site grading. This change will have no effect on any safety or environmental concerns, since the drainage area of the Workman Creek tributary is decreased by only 10%, and those of Fuller and Purgatory Creeks increased by only 5% and 3%, respectively. 2.4.1.3 Water F lity Characteristics Pollution in the Chehalis River at the site is quite limited and is the result of agricultural runoff and municipal waste discharge from the small communities located along the Chehalis River. The total biochemical oxy-gen demand (BOD) loading of the Chehalis River as it passes Montesano has been estimated at 13,200 lbs B0D/ day at a flow rate of 2,230 cfs or, as-suming a completely mixed river, a concentration of approximately 1 mg/1. Although this BOD loading does not adversely affect the quality of the river at the site and is not considered a problem, considerable pollution loading is added near the mouth of the river (16 miles downstream of the site) and in Grays Harbor. Under adverse tide (flood tide) and water tem-perature ( > 210C) conditions, the loading may cause depressed dissolved oxygen ( < 6 mg/1) leveis. The depressed oxygen levels and other possible quality problems (pH and toxicity) in turn affect the fisheries resources of the river system as wall as its aesthetic values. This has been demon-strated to some extent by the Department of Fisheries findings which have shown the survival of hatchery coho to be much lower in the Chehalis sys-tem, nearbywhere outmigrants Humptulips River n(g t pass through inner Grays Harbor, than in the vici Water throughquality dataprograms monitoring specific to the1977. since site (5,6)nity has been collected Data from these studies are sumarized in Table 2.4-4. The Chehalis River is influenced by several physical, chemical and biolog-ical processes which result in the cyclic variation of some important water quality parameters. Maximum pH levels (approx. 7.6) occur July through September and minimum values (approx. 6.5) occur from January through March. This seasonal variation may reflect longer residence time in the soil during the dry sumer months. During the summer months the soil provides more buffering action for water infiltrating through the acidic organic material on the surf ace. Dissolved oxygen (D0) levels re-spond inversely with water temperature such that maximums (approx.12.0 mg/l 00) occur in the winter and minimums (approx. 8.8 mg/l D0) occur in s umer. Chehalis River stations upstream of the Satsop River confluence had slightly lower D0 levels than downstream stations. This reflects the contribution of the oxygen-rich Satsop River. Metals were the focus of a one-year study,(6) the results of which are included in Table 2.4-4. In general, the concentrations of all
. alsintheChehaliswerelowbycomparedtoothersurfacewatersgvymet- and 2.4-4
WNP-3 ER-0L Q h to EPA water quality criteria.(8) Though metal concentrations show some seasonal fluctuation, the fluctuations are small and ndistinct. As an example, Figure 2.4-7 shows the variation in copper. Iron, which is more abundant in the soil and rock of the drainage basin, responds more than other metals to precipitation and runoff events. The variation of iron is shown in Figure 2.4-8. Whereas iron had a relatively strong correlation with ship flow with(r=0.83) and turbidity flow (r=0.37) (r=0.85), and turbidity copp9r)showed a weak relation-(r=0.38).t6 The concentrations of dissolved minerals such as calcium, magnesium, co-tassium, and sodium are related to streamflow and the concentrations in groundwater. The concentrations are often greater in the groundwater than the surf ace water (see Table 2.4-4). During low-flow periods, the ground-water contributes significantly to streamflow, and, hence, concentrations are high. During high flow periods, most of the streamflow is from sur-f ace runoff which does not have suffi 9 1pnt contact time with the soil to become as mineralized as groundwater.(6; Turbidity and suspended sediment correlate strongly with periods of in-tense rainf all and resultant peak runoff. The Chehalis River downstream of the Satsop River typically carries high sediment loads. Approximately 75 percent of this load is derived from the Satsop and Wynocchee Rivers, which represent 40 percent of the total drainage area of the lower basin. Transport of suspended sediment in the Chehalis River and its tributaries p) (
'V is highest during periods of high runoff which most frequently occur be-tween November and January. On most of the streams in the Chehalis River basin, peak suspended sediment concentrations coincide with peak runoff.
However,intheChehalisRiveratPorter,peaksuspendep9gediment concen-trations generally precede the runoff peak by 24 hours. 1 Figure 2.4-9 shows the average particle size class distribution of suspended sediment and Figure 2.4-10 shows the relation between water discharge and suspended sediment for the Chehalis River near Grand Mound and the Satsop River at Satsop. In the reach of the Chehalis River influenced by tides, salinities may vary from nearly ocean water concentrations in Grays Harbor to essentially zero at the confluence with the Satsop River. The salt front moves up-river and downriver in response to freshwater inflow to the estuary, tidal action and winds. For a freshwater flow of 10,000 cfs, the zero mean sal-inity point along the river occurs at approximately 14.5 miles and 20.5 miles downstream from the site at high- and low-water slack, respec-tively. With a river flow of 500 cfs, the salt wedge is located 7 miles downstream for both high and low-water slacks. River water temperature near the site reflects the combined temoeratures and flows of the Satsop and Chehalis Rivers upstream of the site. The monthly mean temperature ranges from 420F (5.60C) for the USGS stations in January to 600F (15.60C) at Satsop and 670F (10.40C) at Porter in July. Since the site is downstream from the confluence of these two rivers, weighted mean water temperatures were calculated based on both the flows and b 2.4-5
WNP-3 ER-OL temperatures at the Satsop and Porter Stations. The weighted mean monthly temperatures in the vicinity of the site range from a low of 420F (5.60Cl in January to a high of 650F (18.30C) in August. Table 2.4-5 summarizhs mean and extreme monthly temperatures. 2.4.2 Groundwater The nature and occurrence of groundwater in the Chehalis River Basin and t site vicinity is determined by the geology of the area which is detailed in Section 2.5 of the Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR). The geologjc processes and groundwater resources have also been summarized by Eddy.lll) s 2.4.2.1 Groundwater Sources Groundwater at the plant site occurs in the alluvial valleys of the Che- ' halis, Satsop and tributary rivers The Chehalis River alluvial aquifer generally is confined by flood deposits of silt averaging about 11 feet thick in the site area The Dieziometric surface is within 10 to 20 feet ' of the ground surf ace.(121 Groundwater also occurs in a discentinuous manner in the unconsolidated terrace deposits in the northern area of the site, where three domestic wells were developed in small perched aqui-fers. Recharge to tne terrace deposits is from precipitation on the watersheds and from the Chehalis River. The southern portion of the site is situated on Tertiary sandstone sedi-ments which contain little groundwater. There are no known producing , wells located in the Tertiary formation in the area. Any recharge to the Tertiary sandstone formation is derived from rainf all and snowmelt. The very low permeability of the Astoria formation permits small amounts of recharge and minimal groundwater movement. The aquifer in the Chehalis River Valley is horizontally limited by the occurrence of Teritiary sandstone sediments along the southern side of the Chehalis River. The southern edge of the Olympic Mountains serves as a boundary along the north side of the valley. The alluvial aquifer is con- , ( fined at the side and extends two miles across the Chehalis River Valley, about 14 miles downsteam to Grays Harbor and about 15 miles upstream to ( the eastern limit of Grays Harbor County. The glacial till and outwash varies from 45 to 190 feet in thickness with a saturated zone averaging about 110 feet. The groundwater table beneath the plant area follows the topography of the ridge and terraces and is parallel to the weathered and unweathered zones ' of the Astoria sandstone formation. The groundwater level slopes north-ward toward the Chehalis River. The level varies from 15 to 50 feet be-neath the ground surf ace in the terrace deposits. The range of water elevations in all plant area borings indicates only small seasonal fluctuations in groundwater. Site groundwater fluctuations during construction and the plant's permanent dewatering system are ore-sented in Subsection 3.4.1.2 of the FSAR. Post-construction piezometric surf aces are shown in Figure 2.4-11. 2.4-6
WNP-3 ER-0L [m U l T The nearest water well to the plant site, producing from the Uoper Pleis-tocene, is 5000 feet to the north-northwest in the direction of the Ground permeability in this direction, taken from site groundwater data, is 2 x 10- flow $ cm/sec or about 0.06 ft/ day. The hydraulic gradient
-between the plant and the well is about 0.04.
MPkeUp water for ' plant operation is produced from Ranney well collectors located at about River Mile 18. These wells withdraw a mixture of surface water (88 from percent) percent) theinfiltrated from the(Chehalis) alluvial valley fill. 13,14,15RiverThe and system groundwater is de- (12 scribed in Section 3.4 and the effects of its operation are discussed in
~
Secti on 5.6. Pump tests have shown the aquifer to have a permeability of 30 ft/ day. , 2.w.2.2 Groundwater Quality Regional groundwater quality characteristics are illustrated in Table 2.4-6 which is based on well water samples from the Chehalis River Basin.
- As noted in Subsection 2.4.1.3, Table 2.4-4 lists the results of a surface and groundwater monitoring program for metals.
4 The groundwater sample was indicative of the alluvial aquifer which is in direct contact with the river water. Table 2.4-7 presents the results of an analysis fo; a sample of the Ranney well water during test pumoing. This water should be more indicative of operational conditions since it includes the infiltrated O surf ace waters. The water produced from the Ranney collectors will have a seasonal temper-ature variation .similar to that of the Chehalis River, except that it will be less in magnitude and lag that of the river. The estimated tempera-tures of the water from the Ranney collectors are shown in Figure 2.4-12. This graph is based upon average monthly water temperatures, since abrupt water temperature changes, which sometimes occur in the Chehalis River, i will not be reflected in the Ranney collectors. The minimum water temoer-ature will occur in March while the maximum will occur in late September or early October. 4 w
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,a b ; .
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- g. <* % 'x ~,
h V ' 2.4-7 ..
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WNP-3 . EB-OL Ref erences f or Section 2.4 ;
- 1. A Study of the Flow Reversal and Discersion Characteristics of the Ehehalis River in the Vicinity of the Proposed Discharge Site, Wash-ington Public Power Sucoly System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, En-virospnere Company, Bellevue, Wasningto:1, August 1976.
- 2. Chehalis River Low Flow Monitorino Studies, Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Washington, Decemoer 1978.
- 3. Siltation Imoact Evaluation in the Vicinity o# Washington Public Power Sucoly System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Washington, July 1978.
4 Washington State Deoartment of Fisheries Annual Report, Olympia, Washi ng ton, 1971.
- 5. Mudge, J.E., W. Davis and L.S. Schleder, Technical Review of the Ecological Monitoring Procram, Washington Public Power Supply system, Richland, Washington, Novemoer 1981.
- 6. Metals Monitorina Proaram, November 1980 - October 1981, Washington Public Power Sucoly System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Draf t Report, Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Washington, January 1982.
,7. Hem, J.D., Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Chara-teristics of Natural Water, U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1473 (2nd Ed.), Washington, D.C. 1970.
- 8. Quality Criteria for Water, U.3. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., July 1976.
- 9. C1ancy, P.A., Sediment Transoort by Streams in the Chehalis River Basin Washington, October 1961 to Seotember 1965, U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1798-H, Washington, D.C.,1971. ,
- 10. Environmental Monitoring Program,1977, Washinaton Public Power Suo-ply System Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Washi ng ton, 1978.
- 11. Eddy, P. A., Geoloay and Ground-Water Resources of the Lower Chehalis River Valley and Adjacent Areas, Water Supply Bulletin No. 30, State of Washington, Division of Water Resources,1966.
- 12. Noble, J.B., Feasibility of an Infiltrated Ground-Water dupoly from Chehalis River near Montesano, Washington, Robinson and Noble, Inc.,
December 1974. 2.4-8
- WNP-3 ER-OL ' j'^' ) References for Section 2.4 (contd.)
G '
- 13. Mikels, F.C., Feasibility of ' a'Ranney Collector Water Sucoly, Flink Farm, Lower Chehalis River, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Project No. 3, Ranney Method Western Corporation, Kennewick, Washington, October 7.1975.
- 14. Mikels, F.C., Additional Hydrogeological Studies, Ranney Collector Water Supply, Flink Farm, Lower Chehalis River, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Satsop, Washing-ton, Ranney Method Western Corporation, Kennewick, Washington, December 15, 1978.
15 . Mikels, F.C., Report on Preliminary Tast, Ranney Collector No.1, Washington Public Power Suoply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Ranney Method Western Corporation, Kennewick, Washington, December 8, 1980. 4 pg V p i V)
/
2.4-9
BNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.4-1
SUMMARY
OF CHEHALIS RIVER FLOWS BY MONTH (a) r Ave. Daily Min. Daily Year Of Month Flow Flow Occurence (cfs) (cfs) Jan 16,200 1,698 1977 Feb 14,400 1,739 1977 Mar 11,000 2,410 1943 Apr 7,200 2,164 1965 May 3,600 1,308 1947 Jun 1,900 821 1951 Jul 1,100 540 1957 Aug 780 418 1967 Sep 980 399 1944 Oct 2,800 397 1952 Nov 9,300 539 1952 Dec 14,900 674 1952 (a) Period of record 1943-1977. Representative of flows at diffuser location (RM 20.5). From Reference 6.1-5. 9
l WNP-3 ERe0L
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v TABLE 2.4-2 ESTIMATED MAXIMUM ANNUAL FLOOD FLOW OF THE CHEHALIS RIVER NEAR WNP-3(a) Water Momentary Water Momentary , Year Date Max. Q (cfs) Year Date Max. Q (cfs) l 1930 Feb 8, 1930 24190 1955 Nov 18, 1954 43520 1 Apr 1, 1931 38100 6 Dec 23, 1955 42300 2 Feb 26, 1932 52600 7 Dec 10, 1956 50260 3 Dec 3, 1932 42760 8 Dec 28, 1957 31610 4 Dec 21, 1933 97.100 9 Jan 26, 1959 33690 5 Jan 22,1935 81340 6 Jan 13, 1936 70000 1960 Nov 23, 1959 52600 7 Apr 15, 1937 49300 1 Feb 23, 1961 40710 8 Dec 19, 1937 92610 2 Dec 23, 1961 34100 9 Feb 16, 1939 47200 3 Nov 28, 1963 38710 4 Jan 27, 1964 47630 1940 Dec 17, 1939 46110 5 Jan 31, 1965 49100 1 Jan 18, 1941 49660 6 Jan 8, 1966 39030 2 Dec 20, 1941 51720 7 Dec 15, 1966 49030 1 3 Feb 7, 1943 39900 8 Jan 19, 1968 58220 V 4 Dec 3, 1943 36750 9 Jan 7, 1969 53100 5 Feb 9, 1945 48670 6 Dec 30, 1945 45250 1970 Jan 22, 1970 67430 7 Jan 26, 1947 54200 1 Jan 26, 1971 86300 8 Jan 3, 1948 39440 2 Jan 22, 1972 76370 9 Feb 23, 1949 73380 3 Dec 16, 1972 59170 4 Jan 17, 1974 72290 1950 Feb 26, 1950 60120 5 Jan 15, 1975 48400 1 Feb 10, 1951 93560 6 Dec 5, 1975 66570 2 Feb 5, 1952 39430 7 Mar 10, 1977 25960 3 Jan 31, 1953 46180 8 Dec 16, 1977 52030 4 Jan 7, 1954 48200 9 Feb 9, 1979 31560 (a) Derived from data of USGS Gaging Station on the Chehalis River at Porter or Grand Mound by the drainage area ratio plus corresponding flow in the Satscp River. O V
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.4-3 CHARACTERISTICS OF STREAMS AT WNP-3 SITE Total Watershed Area Watershed Area Watershed Within Plant Clearcut from Length Area Construction 1965 - 1977 Stream (feet) (acres) Area (acres) (%) (acres) (%) Workman 48,000 7,090 60 1.1 2,690 37.9 Stein 6,700 360 40 11.7 40 11.1 Purgatory 7,0 00 320 120 37.5 130 40.6 Full er 12,300 720 230 33.3 220 30.6 Hyatt 10,000 540 60 11.1 260 48.1 Elizabeth 21,000 2,730 10 0.4 520 19.0 Source: Reference 2.4-3 l l l l l 9
WNP-3 ER-OL O- TABLE 2,4-4 SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY NEAR WNP-3 SITE (a) Discharge Area (b) Intake Area (C) Groundwater (d) Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range m_g/_1, mg/1 mg/1 Calcium D 6.2 4.2 - 8.2 6.6 4.5 - 8.4 12.1 11.0 -13.1 Magnesium D 1.9 1.5 - 2.2 1.9 1.5 - 2.4 4.3 3.9 - 4.8 Sodium D 4.3 3.0 - 5.4 4.4 3.2 - 5.4 6.0 5.6 - 6.5 , Potassium D 0.48 0.45- 0.50 0.55 0.45- 0.76 0.70 0.65- 0.77 ' Alkalinity (as CACO ) 28 20 - 34 28 14 - 38 56 51 -64 Hardness las CACO 3 )3 29 21 - 36 29 22 - 38 54 49 -60 TSS 14.2 0 -370 1 ! 00 10.6 8.0 - 13.1 pH 6.5 - 7.4 6.3 - 7.5 6.6 - 7.5 4 90/1 ug/l ESLI. Barium T(*) 10 6 - 22 4 2 -12 0 7 4 - 12 3 2 -10 Cadmium T < 0.1 < 0.1 - 0.5 < 0.1 < 0.1 - 0.2 D < 0.1 all < 0.1 < 0.1 all < 0.1 Chromium T 1.0 < 0.5- 2.1 1.2 < 0.5 - 10.8 0.6 < 0.5 - 1.2 0 0.9 < 0. 5- 1.3 0.6 < 0. 5 - 3.3 0.5 < 0. 5 - 1. 2 Copper T 1 1 - 2 2 <1 - 8 <1 <1 -7 D 1 <1 - 1 1 <1 - 3 <1 <1 -4 s Iron T 512 200 -1260 8 61 80 -7400 16 <1 -90 l i D 107 50 - 200 98 12 - 820 8 <1 -80 T 4 <1 - 36 <1 <1 -1
/ Lead 0 <1 all < 1 <1 all <1 Manganese T 29 11 - 80 1 <1 -4 D 9 6 -
19 <1 <1 ,3 Mercury T 0.4 <0.2 - 1.3 ( 0.2 < 0.2 - 0.7 0 - - Nickel T <1 a11 < 1 1 <1 - 14 <1 <1 -10 i D <1 a114 1 <1 <1 - 3 <1 <1 -5 2 Zinc T <5 a11< 5 <5 <5 - 37 <5 <5 -7 D <5 al1< 5 <5 <5 - 9 <5 all <5 (a Sources: References 2.4-5 and 2.4-6
, b River Mile 20.5 (c River Mile 18 (d Sample well near makeup water intake wells Lesi = total, D = dissolved O
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.4-5
SUMMARY
OF CHEHALIS RIVER TEMPERATURES BY MONTH (a) Temperature (OF/0C) 1st 99tn Month Percentile Mean Percentile J anuary 32/ 0.0 42/ 5.6 48/ 8.9 February 34/ 1.1 42/ 5.6 50/10.0 March 39/ 3.9 45/ 7.2 53/11.7 April 41/ 3.9 51/10.6 60/11.7 May 50/10.0 56/13.3 68/20.0 June 52/11.1 63/17.2 75/23.9 July 58/14.4 64/17.8 78/25.6 August 60/15.6 65/18.3 78/25.6 September 53/11.7 61/16.1 72/22.2 October 41/ 5.0 53/11.7 64/17.8 November 40/ 4.4 47/ 8.3 56/13.3 December 33/ 0.6 42/ 5.6 49/ 9.4 Annual Mean 52.6/11.4 (a)Mean temperature is weighted for monthly mean Porter and Satsop flow rates. Representative of temperatures at diffuser location (RM 20.5). G
~
l i WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 2.4-6
. CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF CROUN0 WATER IN THE CHEHALIS RIVER BASIN (a)
I Owner Parts Per Million ! ] Well k.aber or Hardness Iron Witate Chloride Nitrate Dissolved Well Tenant (CACO3 ) (Fe) (504 ) (C1) (NO3 ) Solids Depth i I 17/6-101 Chris Wheeler 22 0.04 4.4 3.0 3.5 67 76 17/6-401 City of Elsa 24 0.00 2.1 4.0 1.9 58 40 17/7-7P1 Weyerhaeuser 92 1.20 - 37.0 . 201 l 4 Tin 6er Company l 17/7-8Q1 60 0.50 - 11.0 - - 141 i
-17/7-9N1 51 0.30 -
20.2 - - 160 17/7-9N2 50-54 0.03-0.11 - 9.5-12 - - 102 , , 17/7-9P1 50 0.20 - 11.0 - - 153 I Earl Richard 0.6 17/7-1181 62 2.40 2.8 0.7 106 50 ! 17/7-11El Robert Smith 76 0.73 0.6 3.2 0.2 119 36 17/7-11HI Milton Larson 52 0.19 4.2 3.5 3.5 93 10 ! 17/7-11KI G. W. Stretter 58 0.29 4.0 4.0 0.6 108 51 17/7-11P1 Weyerhaeuser 54 0.6-1.7 - 1.I - - 188 . Timber Company
- 17/8-14K1 50 0.30 - 12-16 - -
180 18/6-31H1 Erling Olson 52 0.33 2.6 3.5 0.1 100 98
- 18/12-27F1 Frank Minard 26 0.33 2.9 11.0 0.1 127 358 t
i t i (a) Source: Reference 2.4-11 l. ! i i i j I i i i l
WNP-3 ER-OL T ABLE 2.4-7 MAXEUP WELL WATER QUALITY (a) Parameter Concentration (b ) Bioenemical Oxygen Demand <1 Chemical Oxygen Demand <5 A,monia (as N) < 0.0005 Total Organic Carbon <2 Bromide 0.30 Color (Color Units) 0 Fecal Coliform (MF) (colonies /100ml <2 Fluoride 0.122 Nitrate + Nitrate (as N) 0.54 Total Organic Nitrogen (as N) <0.50 011 and Grease <1 Total Phosphorus (as P) 0.240 Sulfate 2.7 Su lfide <0.10 Surf actants (LA5dng/l < 0.01 Gross Alpna (picocuries/l) <0.60 Gross Beta (picocuries/li <10 Aluminum < 0.10 Baron <0.01 Cobalt < 0.001 Molybdenum <0.001 Tin < 0.03 Titanium 0.018 Antimony <0.15 Arsenic < 0.001 Beryllium <0.003 Stiver <0.0003 Thallium 0.008 Total Cyanide <0.003 Phenol <0.004 Iron 0.017 Maganese <0.001 Barium 50.i0 Cadmium <0.0001 Chromium 0.0006 Copper < 0.001 Lead *0.001 Mercury < 0.0002 Nickel 0.002 Selenium <0.002 Zinc 0.005 Magnesium 4.0 (a}Ranney Collector No. I test of November 25, 1981. (bJunits of mg/l or as indicated. O
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pow 9 SUP Y S S EM LOW-FLOW (7-DAY DURATION) CURVE FOR CHEHALIS FIGURE l NUCLEAR PROJECT No a RIVER DOWNSTREAM 0F SATSOP CONFLUENCE OPERATING LICENSE 2.4-3 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
EXCEEDANCE PROBABILITY, % gg ga 96 90 80 70 So SC 40 30 20 10 5 2 1 0.5 0.05 CD1
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8' 7-i a TOTAL CONCENTRATIONS -
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W -o- An Y a o~o o- -a O 5 Id l'5 2'O O WEEK NUMBER 12/3 1/7 2 /11 3/18 4/22 5/27 7/1 8/5 9/9 10/14 DATE WASillNGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM CllEHALIS RIVER COPPER CONCENTRATION AT FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE WNP-3 INTAKE AREA 2.4-7 ENVIHONMENT AL REPORT ' O
C/ / b 2590g g2870 7400[ 222Og 3905j l
+- - a TOTAL CONCENTRATIONS 1750 e----a DISSOLVED CONCENTRATIONS 3500 D
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5 10 15 20 25 NUMBER 193 1/7 2 / 11 3/18 4/22 5/27 7/l 0/5 9)9 10/14 DATE WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM CllEllALIS RIVER IRON CONCENTRATION AT WNP-3 INTAKE AREA FIGURE ' NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE 2.4-8 Ef.VIRONMENTAL REPORT
s 80 10 20 70
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' ' ' ' \ i go 80 70 50 50 40 30 20 to SAND,IN PERCENT
- 1. Chehalls River near Doty (2 sampical.
- 2. South Fork Chehnll= River (3 anmplean.
- 3. South Fork Newaukuni River near Onninaka (4 enmple=l.
- 4. North Fork Newaut.um River near Foreat (*. ar.mpicas.
- 5. Newaukum lttver near Chehalla (17 sampleen.
- 4. Skookumchuck River at Centralla 12 anmpleen.
- 7. i*hehalls River near Grand 31ound 17 =ampient.
- 9. Chehnlis River at Porter (7 =ampfwl.
- 9. Cloquallum Rleer at F.1ma (4 namplean.
- 10. Satsop Mlver nent Satr so a ll sampleul.
- 11. Wynonchee River above Black Creek, ment 31antmano 114 unmple*l.
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WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM PARTICLE SIZE CLASS DISTRIBUTION OF FIGURE l (')) NUCLEAR PROJECT SUSPENDED No. SEDIME:lT 3 IN THE CHEHALIS RIVER BASIN OPERATING LICENSE g*4_g ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
m m _ _ _ _ . _ .. __ _ . _ _ . . l e 40 000 , 5 30 000 , , .
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*attR Dr$ CHARGE. sh Cusic FEET PtB SECOND waftR D:SCHARCE. IN CUSIC Fitt PER SECONO Source: Reference 2.4-9 1 .
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} WASHINGTON PUBUC POWER SUP'LY SY!.7EM FIGURE
/ SUSPENDED SEDIMENT VS. DISHARGE OF NUC AR C "
c 9A ENSi CHEHALIS AND SATSOP RIVERS 2.4-10 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
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E N NP IVO R PLW E E E ORA N MTIAPRS E UO C U 9 N GO NR P P T L AL J Y L CCS I E PE EN TY . PSN TS >64m hzEt a4 !E$ m W_ O E .o F R T 3M 3 4 5 6 7 0 0 0 0 e
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I l WNP-3 ER-OL 2.5 GE0 LOGY Geologic aspects of the site are described in detail in Section 2.5 of the l WNP-3 Final Safety Analysis Report. Operation of the plant will not alter or aff ect the geologic features described therein. Characteristics of the site related to geology (e.g., topography, soil types, aquifer parameters) are included in Sections 2.1 and 2.4 of this report. V J s 2.5-1
WNP-3 ER-OL { 2.6 HISTORIC AND PREHISTORIC RESOURCES The regional tion 2.3 of thearchaeology, ethnography, WNP-3/5 Environment and history are described Report-Construction in S 9g-) Permit Stage.t Operation of WNP-3 will not result in adverse impacts to historic and cul-tJral resources incremental to the impacts resulting from plant construc-tion. Much of the information reported in the ER-CP is bpsqd on a comprehensive archaeological survey conducted from 1974 to 1976.12i This survey in-cluded literature research (including journals, maps, land claims, etc.), infonnant (e.g., f anners, collectors, Indians) interviews, and field sur-veys. This preconstruction survey resulted in recomendations regarding the focus and intensity of archaeological monitoring during construction. Upon issuance of the Limited Work Authorization (LWA) in April 1977, the Supply System retained professional archaeological services to orient con-struction personnel, conduct field reconnaissances, perform low level or intensive monitoring, and recover, evaluate and preserve cultural resource materials as required by the LWA and Construction Permits. Archaeological monitoring during construction (most intensive between April and September 1977) resulted in the identification of 2 prehistoric and 21 historic sites and a series of reports documenting the investigations.(3-6) Two construction activities associated with WNP-3 were the subject of particu-larly detailed studies: the relocation of the County's Keyes Road and O constructon of a new bridge over the Chehalis River near site 45-GH-34(4,7) to improve access from the west, and the removal of farm buildings fpr construction of makeup water intake f acilities near site 45-GH-40.(81 Archaeological materials were catalogued and placed in the Washington Ar-chaeological Collections Repository in Pullman for curation. A few arti-f acts were released to the Supply System for display in the site visitors center. There are no properties liste or eligible for listing, on the National Regist r 0)of Historic Placest9 ,or the National Registry of Natural Land-markst in the vicinity of WNP-3. 2.6-1 , l l
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 2.6
- 1. Environmental Report-Construction Permit Stage, WPPSS Nuclear Project Number 3, Docket Nos. 50-508/509, Washington Pub 1ic Power Supply System, Richland, Washington,1974.
- 2. Welch, J. M., A Summary of Three Archaeological Surveys for WPPSS Nuclear Projects 3 and 5, prepared for Ebasco Services, Inc., New York, New York, August 15, 1976.
- 3. Ayers, G. G., L. Hudson, R. M. Weaver, Archaeological Investiaations for WPPSS Nuclear Projects No. 3 and 5, in Grays Harbor County, Washingten 1977-1978, Vols. I & II, Cultural Resource Consultants, Inc., Sandpoint, Idaho, August 21, 1979.
- 4. Hudson, L. and G. G. Ayers, Archaeological Inv' 'gations for WPPSS Nuclear Projects No. 3 and 5, in Grays Harbor CN ty, Washington 1978-1979, Cultural Resource Consultants, Inc., Sandpoint, Idaho, March 1980.
- 5. Hollenbeck, J. L., Report of Archaeological Monitorina for WPPSS Nuclear Projects 3/5, 1979-1980, Institute of Cooperative Research, Seattle, Washington, December 1980.
- 6. Onat, A. R. Blukis, Report of Archaeological Monitoring for WPPSS Nuclear Projects 3/5, 1980-1981 Institute of Cooperative Research, Seattle, Washington, 1981.
- 7. McClure, R. H., Archaeological Testing and Reconnaissance of the Keyes Road Bridge Right of Way, Grays Harbor County, Institute of Cooperative Research, Seattle, Washington, January 1981.
- 8. McClure, R. H., Report of Testing and Excavation of 45-GH-40, the Flink Farm Site, Institute of Cooperative Research, Seattle, Washington, March 1981.
9a. " National Register of Historic Places, Annual Listing of Historic Properties," Federal Register, 44(26):7621, February 6, 1979. 9b. 45 (54 ): 17485, March 18,1980. 9c. 46(22):10667&l0678, February 3,1981. 9d. 47(22):4954&4968, February 2,1982.
- 10. " National Registry of Natural Landmarks," Federal Register, 45(232).79721, December 1, 1980.
O 2.6-2
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l WNP-3 ER-OL , i l 2.7 NOISE j i As discussed in Section 2.1, WNP-3 is located on a forested ridge about l one mile f rom the nearest residence. The principal noise sources will be i the natural-draft cooling tower and outside transformers. Typically these cooling towers create a sound level of about 55(pB{A)) at Because 1000 feet and of the 1 less than 35 dB(A) at one mile with calm winds.1 j~ location of the site relative to residential areas, noise generated by the
- plant is not expected to be a problem.
l , i i f ' s a i f i t ! i i i i, i i i i a 1 ! i i l I o l - 2.7-1 d
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BNP-3 ) ER-OL 1 Ref erences for Section 2.7
- 1. G. A. Capano and W. E. Bradley, " Noise Prediction Techniques for Siting Large Natural Draf t Cooling Towers," In: Proceedings of the American Power Conf erence, 38:756-763, Chicago, Illinois, 1976.
- 2. A. M. Teplitzky, " Controlling Power Plant Noise," Power,122(8):
23-27, August 1978. O t 9 . 2.7-2 ,
WNP-3
* . ER-OL
?
THE STATION 7 3.1 EXTERNAL APPEARANCE The most visible portions of WNP-3 are located on Fuller Ridge and can be seen f rom three areas: 1) U. S. Highway 12 between Satsop and Elma,
- 2) the main access road, and 3) gravel logging roads south of the plant.
The surrounding terrain consists of open fields and rolling hills which, near the plant, reach elevations of 530 ft MSL. The hills around the plant contain mostly mixea stands of Douglas fir and red alder with the view from Highway 12 having'msinly Douglas fir screening the site. An oblique aerial view of the site is shown in Figure 3.1-1. A profile view of the site from Keyes Road (apprcximately 2.5 mi NNW) is shown in Figure 3.1-2. The most dominant features of the station are the twin cooling towers (one servicing WNP-3) with a base elevation of 370 ft MSL and a top elevation of 870 ft MSL. The other principle structures of WNP-3 are located adja-cent to the cooling towers at base elevations between 335 and 390 ft MSL. Jhese are the dry cooling tower, reactor bujlding, and fuel handling building, turbine building, administration service building, supplementary cooling f acilities, water treatment f acilities and warehouse buildings. These structures are shown in Figure 3.1-3. The Ranney well intake is approximately 3.5 miles west of the plant island and has an access road O along Hyatt Creek. The discharge diffuser is loccted approximately one V mile northwest of the reactor on the Chehalis River. Except for the intake and discharge, the plant is a unified architectural form arranged with the reactor building as focus. The total appearance presents an integrated arrangement of form, texture, and color. The reac-tor building is seismic Category I structures (an NRC designation for safety-related structures) with a nonreflective concrete exterior. Except for the cooling tower, structures other than Category I are f aced with metal panels of color and texture to harmonize with adjacent concrete structures. This continuity of color and texture complements the building arrangement. The Ranney well ~ structures are located in a former pasture in an isolated area and can only be seen from the South Bank and Brady Loop Roads, adja-cent f arms, and the Chehalis River. The discharge diffuser is completely under water and away from roads. The blowdown pipe will be visible to passing boats. Disturbed areas along the east, west, and Ranney well access roads have been planted with fast-growing grass and will be planted with native vari-eties of trees and ground cover. Other disturbed areas will be restored with native plants or, in some areas, hardy ornamentals to retain natural-istic continuity. p The locations of release points of gaseous wastes are shown in Figure 3 5-8. The liquid release point is described in Subsection 3.4.4.
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PLANT ISLAND PERIMETER FENCE WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FIGURE GENERAL PLANT LAYOUT NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE 3.1-3 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
i WNP-3 ER-OL
/O 3.2 REACTOR AND STEAM ELECTRIC SYSTEli The System 80 Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS) was designed and manuf ac-tured by Combustion Engineering, Inc. The WNP-3 unit consists of a 2-loop, 4-pump pressurized water reactor (PWR) and supporting auxiliary and safety-related systems. The containment ctructure consists of a steel containment vessel surrounded by reinforced concrete. The steam turbine generator was supplied by Westinghouse Electric Corporation.
The WNP-3 PWR system functions like other systems of this type. A con-trolled uranium fission rcaction occurs only in the reactor core, which is an array of fuel assemblies inside the reactor vessel. The fission reac-tion generates heat. This heat is transferred in the " primary system" to the pressurized coolant that surrounds the fuel. This hot pressurized coolant is then pumped to a steam generator where the heat contained in the coolant is transferred through the walls of tubes in the steam gener-ator to the water in the " secondary system" where steam is produced. The cooled reactor coolant is then pumped back to the reactor for reuse, form-ing a closed-cycle in the crimary system. The steam in the secondary system does not come into contact with the nuclear fuel in the reactor. This steam flows through the turbine causing 7 the spinning action necessary to generate electricity. After passing
;(-)! through the turbine, the steam is cooled and condensed back to water. The water is pumped back into the steam generator where it becomes steam again, forming a second closed-cycle system. A simplitied diagram of this system is presented in Figure 3.2-1.
The reactor core is fueled with uranium dioxide pellets enclosed in Zirca-loy tubes with welded end plugs. The tubes are fabricated into assemblies in which end fittings prevent axial motion and grids prevent lateral motion of the tubes. The control element assemblies (CEAs) consist of Inconel-clad boron carbide absorber rods which are guided by Zircolay tubes located within the fuel assembly. The core consists of 241 fuel assemblies loaded with 257,100 counds of UO2 with an average enrichment rate of 2.64 weight percent U235, The turbine is a Westinghouse tandem compound unit consisting of one double-flow, high-pressure turbine and three double-flow, low-pressure turbines running at 1800 rpm with 40-inch diameter last-stage blades. Ex-haust steam from the high-pressure turbine passes through moisture separator / reheaters before entering the low-pressure turbine inlets. Steam extracted from the various turbine stages is used in all six feed-water heaters. During plant operation, steam from the low-pressure tur-bine will be exhausted directly downward into the condenser through ex-haust openings in the bottom of the turbine casing. The main condenser is a three-shell and multi-pressure design and serves three low-pressure tur-bines. The condenser tubes are made of stainless steel and have a cooling surf ace area of 1,401,871 sq ft. () ( 3.2-1
WWP-3 ER-OL The rated thennal power of the System 80 is 3,817 MW. The rated gross electric output is 1,324 MWe and net output is 1,284 MWe, The station power consumption will be approximately 40 MWe for both rated or design level operation. The corresponding design levels of electrical output are 1,374 MWe and 1,334 MWe for gross and net values, respectively. The nomi-nal net plant output is 1240 MWe. Unit heat rates at a turbine back pressure of 3.5 inches of mercury for plant load f actors of 100, 75, 50, 25 percent are 9833, 9954, 10637, 12376 Btu /kWh, respectively. O O G 3.2-?
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( CONDENSER y i REACTOR N WATER i i C j l l WASillNGTON PUBLIC CLEA P OJE No.3 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 0F PRESSURIZED WATER REACTOR OPERATING LICENSE 3.2-1 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
i WNP-3 ER-OL V 3.3 STATION WATER USE Water required for WNP-3 will be supplied from groundwater infiltration- l type intake structures which are described in Subsection 3.4.5. The quan-tity of water required for plant operation is primarily dependent on water losses from the circulating cooling water system in the form of evapora-tion, drif t and blowdown. Details on this system are provided in Section 3.4. Other systems in the plant water balance include: process water treatment system, potable and sanitary waste systems, and chemical and radwaste treatment systems. Additional information on these systems is included in Sections 3.5, 3.6, and 3.7. Average and maximum flows and shutdown water usage are summarized in Table 3.3-1. Figure 3.3-1 is a schematic flow diagram showing in-plant flows for WNP-3. The maximum intake requirement is about 18,000 gpm. The capa-bility of the intake system to provide this quantity is independent of low flows in the Chehalis River. The State Energy Facility Site Evaluation Council (EFSEC), however, has administratively established that plant makeup withdrawal (except for a hot-standby maintenance flow of 2 cfs) ) must cease when the daily average river flow goes below 550 cfs. The , restriction is incorporated in the WNP-3 Site Certification Agreement (see Chapter 12). It is anticipated that river discharge will go below 550 cfs i about four days per year. l i 1 1 3.3-1
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WNP-3 ER-OL , TABLE 3.3-1 O PLANT WATER USE (gom) Station Condition Maximum Average Power Temporary Power Plant System Ooeration Shutdown Ooeration Heat Dissipation System Evaporation 14,500 0 12,750 B1owdown 2,900 0 2,550 Potable and HVAC Systems 105 42 70 Irrigation and Landscaping 10 10 10 Demineralized Water System 375 375 250 Balance of P1 ant (Equipment 30 10 EO Washing and Cleaning) Total 17,920 437 15,650 G
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WNP-3 ER-OL f 3.4 HEAT DISSIPATION SYSTEM NJ WNP-3 wfl1 produce approximately 8.7 x 109 Btu /hr of waste heat at rated power (1,284 MWe gross). The waste heat will be dissipated to the atmos-phere by a natural-draft cooling tower. To prevent the buildup of dis-solved solids in the cooling system, a certain smount of coolinq water must be continuously blown down to the Chehalis River af ter first being further cooled by a supplemental cooling system. The blowdown discharge will be quickly diluted with the river water through the use of a sub-merged multiport diffuser. Makeup water must be supplied to replace the water lost by evaporation, blowdown, and drif t. The makeup water will be supplied by a Ranney well intake system. The closed-cycle cooling water system is utilized to minimize water use and thermal discharge effects. Figure 3.4-1 is a schematic diagram of this system and Table 3.4-1 pro-vides important system operating par? meters. A dry cooling tower is used as an ultimate heat sink during an accident situation and is connected to the component cooling water heat exchangers in the Reactor Auxiliary Building (RAB). 3.4.1 Circulating Cooling Water System Three 177,223-gpm (395 cfs) capacity pumps (under the system resistance head of approximately 115 f t) circulate 531,670 gpm (1,185 cfs) of cooling water. This water is circulated from the cooling tower basin through the parallel main condenser cooling circuit and service water system cooling Q circuits and back to the cooling tower in a common conduit for the ulti-mate rejection of accumulated system heat. The system heat is rejected to the air stream by direct contact cooling within the natural draft ccoling tower. The cooled water is collected in the concrete basin at the bottom of the cooling tower. Sodium hypochlorite is added to the circulating water system periodically to control biological growth (see Subsection 3.6.4). The condenser will also be provided with an Amertap tube cleaning system. This system uses natural rubber sponge balls which continuously pass through the condenser tubes to clean the inner surf aces. Balls are collected in a strainer for reu se. The total volume of water in the circulating water system is approximately 8.5 x 106 gall ons . The approximate travel time of water through the system is 16 minutes. The blowdown travels to the river in about 36 mi nu tes. The components of the system are made of the following materials: o Condenser - The approximately 1.4 x 106 sq ft of tubes are type 304 stairless steel. Tube sheets and water boxes are constructed of carbon steel coated with high-density epoxy paint. Water boxes are provided with cathodic protection by use of Durachlor anodes and zine ref erence electrodes. G 3.4-1
WNP-3 ER-OL o Cooling Tower - Each cooling tower contains approximately - 9 x 100 sq ft of wetted surface area of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fill. Structural members are reinforced concrete which is either precast or cast-in-place. o Circulatina Water Pumos - The major components of the pumps are ' constructed of carbon steel, stainless steel, and cast iron. The auxiliary pump has a bronze impeller. o Amertap System - All inside surf aces of the system are epoxy- f coated. The Amertap balls are made of uncoated natural rubber sponge. o Circulatina Water Fine Screens - The screens, located upstream of the circulating water pumps, are made of galvanized iron protected by magnesium anodes. o Service Water System - The service water system includes miscella-neous neat exchangers containing approximately 90,000 sq ft of 90/10 copper / nickel tubing. 3.4.2 (y oling Towers The waste heat is transf erred to the atmosphere via a natural-draft cool-ing tower. The tower is a concrete hyperbolic structure, approximately 500 ft tall and 420 ft in diameter at the base. Figure 3.4-2 shows the important parts of a typical counter-flow natural-draft cooling tower. Hot water from the condenser is brought to the tower through the water inlet piping and into the inlet header located below the cold water basin. Hot water then flows up through five risers to the five precast concrete main distribution flumes which feed a composite of smaller, fiberglas-reinforced-polyester (FRP) pipes. These pipes are fitted with special spray nozzles which spray the hot water evenly over the PVC fill surf ace of the tower. Most of the cooling results from the evaporation of a por-tion of the circulating water. Sensible heat transfer by conduction to air also contributes to the cooling process. Air circulation is induced by the difference in density between the air inside and outside of the cooling tower. The heated, moisture-laden air in the tower is lighter than the air outside, and the pressure difference at the inlet drives the air through the fill (packing) and up through the tower. The tower drif t eliminator system is located directly above and supported by the water distribution pipes. The drift eliminator is the imoingement type consisting of PVC blades which change the air flow direction twice. 3.4-2
l WNP-3 ER-OL O V The water droplets separate from the air flow within the drif t eliminator and collect and f all back to the fill surf ace. The drift eliminator sys-tem is guaranteed to limit the drif t loss to 0.003 percent f the design fl ow. Table 3.4-2 lists the design parameters of the cooling tower. Figure 3.4-3 presents the tower performance under design conditions. The corcentration of dissolved solids within the circulating water system is contrgiled by continuous blowdown (at an annual average rate of 3.7 x 100 gpd) from the cooling tower basin. Blowdown flow will be determined by daily analyses of the circulating water chemistry; the flow will be adjusted by a remotely operated butterfly valve. A continuous makeup supply is provided to the system from the Ranney collectors for the loss due to evaporation, blowdown and cooling tower drif t. 3.4.3 Sucolemental Cooling System 1 Supplemental cooling of the blowdown water is provided by a counter-current heat exchanger and associated control and monitoring equipment (see Figure 3.4-1). The heat exchanger uses plant makeup water as the cooling medium and is sized for a 30F approach to the makeup (well water) temperature. The supplemental cooling system is constructed pri-merily of Type 304 stainless steel tubing with a total exposure of approx-imately 26,000 sq f t. p) 5
'd The thermal monitoring system for the circulating water system blowdown consists of temperature sensors for the river, makeup well water, and blowdown; and there are also flow sensors for the makeup and blowdown.
The temperature control of the discharge (to Chehalis River) will be con-trolled by using a variable bypass around the heat exchanger. Discharge temperature will be controlled within the limits of the NPDES Permit (see Appendix A). The heat exchanger can be completely bypassed if the blow-down temperature falls within the acceptable limits. 3.4.4 Blowdown Diffuser Af ter passing through the supplemental cooling system, the blowdown water will be conveyed through a piping system consisting of approximately 6,900 ft of 21-inch reinforced concrete pipe,1,200 ft of 20-inch carbon steel /fiberglas pipe; and 275 f t of 18-inch carbon steel pipe. The pipe runs to the Chehalis River at River Mile 20.5 (below the confluence with the Satsop River). The pipeline will extend north and under the river bed approximately 140 ft from the south bank of the river and includes a 32-foot long multiport diffuser (see Figure 3.4-4). The 32-foot diffuser is a 18-inch diameter pipe perforated with 46 discharge ports which are 2 inches in diameter and spaced at 8-inch intervals. The diffuser is located so that the projecting ports are one foot above the river bottom and direct the discharge downstrem at a 12 degree angle above the hori-zontal. This orientation will minimize bottom scouring. Average dis- , /7 charge jet velocity will be about 6.25 fps. The discharge rate and
! ) temperature are tabulated ay month on Table 3.4-1.
Rj 3.4-3 9 n.-. e
WNP-3 ER rL 3.4.5 Makeup Water Intake i The makeup water system consists of two Ranney Collectors located on the i south bank of the Chehalis River at about River Mile 18 (see i Figure 3.4-5). (Three collector well.s were planned to support operation of both WNP-3 and WNP-5). In general, each collector consists of a cir-cular reinforced concrete caisson, a concrete plug near the base of the caisson, a series of horizontal screen laterals radiating from the base of the caisson, piping, valves, an extension stem and guide, and floor boxes with valve operating devices. The upner portion of the caisson holds the pumphou se . Figure 3.4-6 shows these major components. The maximum makeup water requirement for WNP-3 is approximately 18,000 gpm and a single collector well is capable of supplying this amount on a con-tinuous basis. Water withdrawal through the Ranney collectors will induce the river water to flow from the river bottom and bank through the permeable aquifer to the collectors. With this tyoe of groundwater system, extreme high summer water temperatures and extreme low winter water temperatures are moder-ated. Seasonal groundwater temperatures are expected to range from 50 to 580F, with water temperatures lagging those of the river by about two months. The minimum water temperature is expected to occur during March while the maximum water temperatura will occur in late September or early October (see Figure 2.4-12). The advantages of this type of intake are the reduction of maintenance problems and elimination of entrainment of fish, organisms, and debris. The high permeability and transmissibility coefficients of the unconfined aquifer indicate that the aquifer reacts much like a reservoir. The aqui-fer accepts surf ace water for storage during high river flow until the underground storage is full. The permeable aquifer discharges readily into streams and rivers during periods of low flow. Any silt buildup on the riverbed of the Chehalis River will be minimal and will have little or no eff ect on the capacity of the groundwater collector system. O 3.4-4 1
f% r \, WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.4-1 COOLING SYSTEM OPERATING PARAETERS Average (a) Critical (b) Intake Water Discharge Wet Bulb Wet Bulb Maximum (c) Maximum (c) Max imum(C) Month Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature Blowdown Evaporation Makeup (OF/0C) (OF/0C) ( F/ 0C) (OF/0C) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) January 47.5/ 8.6 50.5/10.3 36.1/ 2.3 49.4/ 9.7 5.9 29.2 35.1 Fet,ruary 46.5/ 8.1 49.5/ 9.7 38.4/ 3.6 51.1/10.6 5.9 29.5 35.4 March 44.5/ 6.9 47.5/ 8.6 39.2/ 4.0 54.0/12.2 6.0 30.3 36.3 April 45.0/ 7.2 48.0/ 8.9 43.4/ 6.3 56.0/13.3 6.1 30.5 36.6 May 48.5/ 9.2 51.5/10.8 48.1/ 8.9 61.0/16.1 6.3 31.5 37.8 June 52.5/11.4 55.5/13.1 53.1/11.7 66.0/18.9 6.3 32.3 38.7 July 58.0/14.4 01.0/I6.1 56.1/13.4 65.4/18.6 6.4 32.3 38.7 August 60.5/15.8 63.5/17.5 55.8/13.2 60.9/16.1 6.3 31.5 37.8 September 62.0/16.7 65.0/18.3 52.4/11.3 62.8/17.1 6.3 31.8 38.1 October 60.5/15.8 63.5/17.5 47.3/ 8.5 56.0/13.3 6.1 30.5 36.6 November 56.5/13.6 59.5/15.3 40.5/ 4.7 52.9/11.6 6.0 30.0 30.0 December 52.0/11.1 55.0/12.8 38.3/ 3.5 52.1/11.2 5.9 29.8 35.7 (a) Average wet-bulb temperatures at Olymple for 1948-1968. , (b) Daily critical wet-bulb temperatures at Olympia 1952-1977. (c) Cased on 40 percent relative humidity, critical wet-bulb temperatures, and operation at 6 cycles of I concentration.
BNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.4-2 COOLING TOWER DESIGN PARAMETERS Wet-Bulb Temperature (a) 680F Approach to Wet-Bulb 180F Range 340F Water Flow 525,000 gpm(b) Evaporation (maximum) 14,700 gpm Drift Losses 15.8 gpm Blowdown (maximum) 4,000 gpm (a) This wet-bulb temperature is estimated to be exceeded only 22 hours per year. (b)The maximum cooling capacity by flow . ate is 503,750 gpm (15 percent over design). l l
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l RADWASTE SYSTEMS AND SOURCE TERM This section describes the sources of liquid, gaseous and solid radio-active wastes (i.e., radwastes). It also describes the plant facilities that process the radwastes prior to disposal. Also presented are esti-mates of radionuclide release rates to the environment that are based on hypothetical conditions in order to place an upper bound on the possible routine radioquelide release rates. 3.5.1 Source Term The sources of radwastes and the methods used to calculate the hypotheti-cal amounts of radioactive material whicn may be released during normal operation, including during anticipated operational occurrences, are described below. 3.5.1.1 Primary and Secondary Coolant Activity All radioactive wastes generated in a nuclear plant originate in the re-actor. During the fission process, various solid and gaseous are gener-ated within the fuel. The fuel is encapsulated in cladding which, in an idealized system, would contain all of the fission products. However, since there are approximately 56,876 such fuel rods in reactor, a small number may be expected to leak and release small amounts of fission products to the reactor coolant. O Not all radionuclides are generated in the fuel. Tritium, for example, is produced by activation of boron, lithium and deuterium in the reactor coolant and the control element assemblies. Activation of free metals, present as corrosion products within the reactor coolant, are also a source of radioactivity. Ultimately all radioactive material in the plant and all radioactive waste generated by the plant in liquid and gaseous form originate in the primary coolant. An estimate of the concentration of radionuclides in the primary coolant under design basis conditions is provided in Section 11.1 of the Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR). These estimates are based on mass balance models and input parameters obtained from the experience of oper-ating nuclear power plants. However, for the purpose of estimating the average annual concentration of radionuclides in the primary and secondary coolant, including, anticipated operational occurrences, the methods pro-vided in NUREG-0017(l> are more appropriate, because they represent expected as opposed to design basis conditions. Therefore, NUREG-0017 methods and assumptions have been used in all of the following calculations. Table 3.5-1 lists the standard coolant activities as described in NUREG-0017. These coolant activities are applicable to a wide range of plant parameters which are listed in Table 3.5-2. For WNP-3 some of the para- ! meters (e.g., removal rate of gas stripping) are outside th,e range of m 3.5-1
WNP-3 ER-OL applicability. Appropriate adjustment factors were used to derive the plant specific values for liquid source terms presented in Table 3.5-3. The adjustment factors are based upon the mass balance equation: w(A R) k where: C is the specific activity (pCi/cc); s is the rate of release to and/or production of the nuclides in the system (pCi/hr); w is the fluid weight (lbs); A is the decay constant (hr-1); R is the removal rate ci the element from the system due to demineralization, leakage, etc. (hr-1); and k is a conversion factor 454 cc/lb. A detailed description of the application of the adjustment factors is provided in NUREG-0017. 3.5.1.2 Tritium Control The pro.cipal sources of tritium in the reactor coolant are ternary fis-sion and neutron-induced reactions in boron, litnium and deuterium present in the coolant, barated shim rods and Control Element Assemblies (CEA). The tritium produced in the coolant contributes immediately to the overall coolant tritium activity. The tritium produced by fission and neutron capture in the shim rods and the CEA's contributes to the overall tritium activity only by release through cladding. The long-term equilibrium con-centration of tritiym mated as 1.0 pCi/g.il)in the reactor coolant and spent fuel pool is esti-Tritium could be discharged in both the liquid and gaseous wastes. The principal discharge route will be through the Fuel Handling Building Ven-tilation System exhaust. Evaporation from the surface of the fuel pool is the potentially largest source of gaseous tritium release from the facil-ity due to the high rate of evaporation (as high as 750 lbs/hr). The Con-tainment Purge System is also a potential source of gaseous tritium release due to primary coolant leakage which flashes under ambient condi-tions. A less significant source is the HVAC exhaust from the Turbine Building due to a lower concentration of tritium in leakage, and the fact that large pools of water are not available for evaporation. 3.5-2
WNP-3 ER-OL G 3.5.1.3 Fuel Pool System f i The Fuel Pool System is designed to remove decay heat and the soluble and insoluble foreign matter from the spent fuel pool. Figure 3.5-1 presents a simplified block flow diagram of '.he Fuel Pool System. The detailed piping and instrument diagram is presented in Section 9.1 of the FSAR, along with the principal component design data. The radionuclide concen-trations in the fuel pool during plant operations and refueling are listed in Table 3.5-4. The values presented in Table 3.5-4 are based on the assumption that, upon shutdown for refueling, the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) is cooled for approximately two days. During this period, the primary coolant is let down through the purification filter, purification ion exchanger, and let-down strainer prior to return to the suction of the low-pressure safety injection pumps. When continuous degassification of primary coolant is desired, the letdown flow is diverted to the gas stripper and then to the VCT prior to return to the RCS. This serves two purposes: removal of noble gases in the gas stripper to avoid large releases of radioactivity to the Reactor Building following reactor vessel head removal, and reduc-tion of dissolved fission and corrosion products in the coolant by ion exchange and filtration. At the end of about two days, the coolant above the reactor vessel flange is partially drained. The reactor vessel head is unbolted and the refueling water cavity is filled with a minimum of s 470,000 gallons of water from the refueling water tank. The remaining v) reactor coolant volume containing radioactivity is then mixed with water in the refueling cavity and the Fuel Pool System. After refueling, the Fuel Pool System is isolated and the water in the refueling cavity is returned to the refueling water tank. This series of events determines the total activity to the Fuel Pool System. The specific activities of the radionuclides given in Table 3.5-4 are based upon a volume of 260,000 gallons. These values will be reduced by decay during refueling as well as by operation of the Fuel Pool System. The Fuel Pool System has two basic parts: a cooling subsystem and a cleanup subsystem. The cooling subsystem of the Fuel Pool System is a closed-loop system consisting of two full-capacity pumps and heat ex-changers. Water is withdrawn from the fuel pool near the surf ace and is circulated by pumps through a exchanger that rejects heat to the Component Cooling Water System. From the outlet of the fuel pool heat exchanger, the cooled water is returned to the bottom of the fuel pool through a distribution header. , The clarity and purity of the water in the fuel pool, refueling canal, and refueling water tank are maintained by the cleanup subsystem of the Fuel Pool System. The cleanup loop consists cf two parallel trains of equip-ment, which include cleanup pump, ion exchanger, filter, strainers and surface skimmer. Most of the cleanup flow is drawn from the bottom of the fuel pool while a small fraction is drawn through the surface skimmer. A basket strainer is provided in the cleanup suction line to remove any ( } v 3.5-3
WNP-3 ER-OL relatively large particulate matter. The fuel pool water is circulated through a filter that removes particulates larger than five microns, then through an ion exchanger to remove ionic material, and finally through a strainer, whien prevents resin beads from entering the fuel pool in the unlikely event of a f ailure of an ion exchanger retention element. During plant operation the refueling water tanks hold a maximum of approx-imate ly 970,000 gallons. At the time of refueling a minimum of 470,000 gallons of water are used to fill the reactor canal, fuel transfer canal, and refueling water cavity. The release rates of radioactive materials in gaseous effluents due to evaporation f rom the surf ace of the fuel pool and r2 fueling canals during refueling and normal operation are presented in Table 3.5-4. 3.5.1.4 Ventilation System Exhausts Liquid and steam leakage from various coolant and process streams can result in small quantities of radioactive gases entering the bui'ciing atmos pheres . These systems are described in detail in Subsection 3.5.3.1, 3.5.2 Liquid Radwaste System 3.5.2.1 System Description The Liquid Radwaste System (LRS) collects all primary and secondary side radioactive liquid wastes and processes the wastes to permit its reuse or < recycle within the plant. Differences in primary and secondary system water chemistry must be considered prior to reusing liquids. Untreatable radioactive process wastes, residues and concentrates are sent to the Solid Waste System (SWS) ' r disposal. The LRS is d.vided into five subsystems. The *,ubsystems and the sources of the water processed in each are: Floor Drain System (FJS)
- 1) Radioactive floor drains
- 2) Component cooling water (if radioactive)
- 3) Decontamination area drains (no detergents)
- 4) Hot chemical lab drains
- 5) Pr imary sampling panel drains Detergent Waste System (DWS)
- 1) Laundry .and hot shower drains
- 2) Decontamination area drains (detergent solutions) .
3.5-4
UNP-3 ER-OL Secondary High Purity Waste System (SHP)
/ 1) Turbine Building drains (high purity equipment)
- 2) Low dissolved solids (low particulate) waste Secondary Particulate Waste System (SPWS)
- 1) Low dissolved solids (high particulate) waste
- 2) Turbine Building drains (floor drains)
. Inorganic Chemical Waste System (ICW)
- 1) Demineralizer regeneration chemicals
- 2) Cold chemical lab drains
- 3) Secondary sampling panel drains Radioactive liquid wastes are collected from the above subsystems and segregated based on their composition and process requirements. The LRS is capable of processing the design and anticipated off-standard system
-loads without aff ecting normal operation or plant availability. This includes leakage or spillage due to equipment malfunction or failure. The i
waste quanitities that must be processed by the five subsystems are shown in Table 3.5-5. The subsystems are discussed in the following paragraphs; more detail is included in Section 11.2 of the FSAR. Floor Drain System (FDS) s / Figure 3.5-2 presents a simplified flow diagram of the FDS. The floor drain tanks accumulate that which is collected in the containment, Reactor Auxiliary Building and Fuel Handling Building floor drain sumps. Addi-tional sources of input to the FDS include the Detergent Waste System, the chemical labs, the Decontamination Sample Tank, and the Component Cooling Water System. This water is processed using filtration, organic scaven-ging, evaporation and ion exchange. Holdup is provided to store waste accumulation f or an average of 14 days. The processed water is monitored and used as reactor makeap water. If the water quality does not meet .the standards for reactor makeup, the water will be further processed. The , radioactive concentrate produced during processing of this water is han-l died by the Solid Waste System. Detergent Waste System (DWS) Figure 3.5-3 presents a simplified block flow diagram of the DWS. The detergent waste tanks collect water from the laundry, hot shower and hot t sink drains. In addition, the detergent waste tanks collect water that has been diverted from the decontamination sample tank. This water is l processed by filtration and blended with the regenerative waste solutions from the Inorganic Chemical Waste System. l p)
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- 3. 5 -5 t
i
WNP-3 ER-OL Inorganic Chemical Waste System (ICWS) Figure 3.5-4 presents a simplified block flow diagram of the ICWS. The ICUS accumulates wastes from chemical lab drains and chemicals used to regenerate resins of the steam generator blowdown demineralizers and the condensate polishers. Additionally, the ICWS is used to transfer contents of ICW waste tanks to the neutralizing pond provided the tank contents are not radioactive as described in FSAR Subsection 9.2.3.2. The ICWS pro-vides means to adjust pH to expedite processing and to sample contents of ICW tanks for radioactivity. The ICWS processes water accumulated in the inorganic chemical waste drain tanks when the waste is radioactive or when processing by the low-volume waste treatment system (see Subsection 3.6.6) is undesirable. Processing is accomplished by filtration, evaporation, , and ion exchange. Water which satisfies chemical criteria is transferred to the secondary makeup water :,ystem. Water that does not satisfy these criteria will be processed further. The ICWS minimizes the volume of wastes that are handled by the SWS. Secondary High Purity Waste System (SHP) Figure 3.5-5 presents a simplified block flow diagram of the SHP. The SHP collects and processes water from the secondary side drains which contain low dissolved solids and particulates. The SHP also accumulates rinse water from the condensate polisher and steam generator blowcown demineralizer. This water is processed by filtration L.5 ion exchange and, after processing, is used as secondary makeup water if chemical criteria are satisfied. If the criteria are not satisfied the wata- nill be processed further. The system provides approximately three de,n storage capacity. Secondary Particulate Waste System (SPWS) Figure 3.5-6 presents a simplified block flow diagram of the SPWS. The SPWS accumulates water which normally has a high concentration of particu-lates including backflush water from the condensate polishers, steam gen-erator blowdown demineralizers, steam generator blowdown electromagnetic filters, water sent to the Turbine Building drains after being collected in an oil separator or sump and monitored for chemical and radiochemical contaminLtion. Water from secondary particulate waste tanks are processed using filtration and organic scavenging. Water which meets chemical criteria is used as secondary makeup water. Water which does not mcet chemical criteria is reprocessed using the secondary high purity deminer-alizer. The system provides approximately two days storage capacity. 3.5.2.2 Radionuclide Releases Releases to the environs of liquid radwastes are controlled and monitored to meet the concentration limits of 10 CFR Part 20 and the as low as is recsonably achievable (ALARA) criterion and the numerical guidelir.es of 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I. The design relecse limits are based on normal 3.5-6
WNP-3 ER-OL p operation of the nuclear power plant, including anticipated operational i occurrences. Specifically, the provisions to treat the liquid radioactive (d 4 , waste are such that: a) The calculated annual total quantity of all radioactive material released from the reactor during normal operation including anti-cipated operational occurrences at the site to unrestricted areas does not result in an estimated annual dose or dose commitment ' , from liquid effluents for any individual in an unrestricted area from all pathways of exposure in excess of 3 mrem to the total body or 10 mrem to any organ. ; b) The concentrations of radioactive materials in liquid effluents i released during operation at design base fuel leakage (i.e., leakage from fuel producing one percent of the reactor power) to an unrestricted area does not exceed the limits in 10 CFR Part 20, Appendix B, Table II, Column 2. ' c) The Liquid Radwaste System includes all items of reasonably demonstrated technology that when added to the system sequen- ; tially and in order of diminishing cost-benefit return, can, for i a f avorable cost-benefit ratio, effect reductions in dose to the population reasonably expected to be within 50 miles of the reactor, d) In addition, the LRS has sufficient waste holding capacity, V equipment and process stream redundancy and the capability to upgrade liquid radwastes to process makeup water quality so that : there will be no intentional release of liquid radwaste to the ! environment under normal operating conditions. Table 3.5-6 presents the calculated hypothetical radionuclide releases in < the liquid effluents using the assumptions listed in Table 3.5-7. For the purpose of estimating hypothetical releases it is' assumed that 10 percent of all processed liquid waste is discharged to coolin ' This analysis was performed using the NRC GALE code.(g) tower blowdown. The analysis and demonstration of compliance with Appendix I to 10 CFR 50, including a cost-benefit analysis, was submitted as testimony at the June 1975 Environmental Hearings. Additional material was supplied in Supple-ment No. 6 to the Environmental Report-Construction permit Stage (ER-CP). A review of the plant design and the site usage characteristics revealed that no major changes have occurred since these submittals. Therefore, a reanalysis of compliance with the cost-benefit requirements of Appcndix I to 10 CFR 50 is not warranted. In addition, as demonstrated by those original analyses, the individual dose criteria of Appendix I are by far limiting. An evaluation of compliance with these criteria is included in Section 5.2. (3 ). L v 3.5-7 _ . . _ _ _ _ _ ~ . . . -
WNP-3 ER-OL 3.5.3 Gaseous Radwaste System 3.5.3.1 System Description This section describes the systems which collect, process and store gas-eous wastes. Section 11.3 of the FSAR provides additional detail. The principal sources of gaseous waste are the Gaseous Waste Management Sys-tem, the Gas Collection Header, and the Building Ventilation and Exhaust Systems. Gaseous Waste Management System (GWMS) A block flow diagram of the GWMS is presented in Figure 3.5-7. Waste gases which are routed to the GWMS are segregated according to source. The GWMS is divided into two subsystems, the retention subsystem and the recycle subsystem. In the retention subsystem the gas surge header collects radioactive gases f rom the volume control tank, gas stripper, equipment and reactor drain tanks, and refueling f ailed fuel detector. The refueling failed fuel detector effluent is normally directed to the gas collection header; how-ever, if the radioactivity is above a preset level, the effluent is directed to the gas surge header. Gases from the gas surge header flow into the gas surge tank where they are collected. The gases remain in the gas surge tank until the pressure builds to a point which actuates a single waste gas compressor. The waste gas compressor feeds a preselected gas decay tank until the pressure in the gas surge tank drops to a point where the waste gas compressor stops. A second waste gas compressor will start if the pressure in the gas surge tank increases above a certain level. This automatic operation of the waste gas compressors continue until a gas decay tank is observed to approach its upper operating pressure. At this point another gas decay tank is manually lined up to receive the compressor discharge and the first tank is isolated. The filled gas decay tank is analyzed for hydrogen and oxygen content. Grab samples can also be taken for a radioactivity analysis. After a . decay tank has been sampled and analyzed it is then lined up to the gas recomoiner system for processing. The processing is essen-tially a controlled reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to produce water. The influent hydrogen gas is diluted with nitrogen to maintain a 3 to 6 percent hydrogen mixture. This mixture is then preheated and oxygen is added to produce a stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. The addition of oxygen is controlled by analysis of either the influent or effluent hydrogen content. The entire gas stream is then passed over a catalyst bed. Recombination of hydrogen and oxygen occurs on the surf ace of the catalyst. The gas stream is then a mixture of nitrogen, steam and noble gases. The steam is condensed and separated out as water. The effluent is essentially nitrogen and noble, gases. 3.5-8
_ = _ . WNP-3 ER-OL The gas recombiner system effluent is then returned to the gas surge O header where it reen'ers the system again through the gas surge tank and V waste gas compressors. The gas recombiner will process until the gas decay tank pressure reaches a predetermined low level. The gas decay tank which is currently lined up to the waste gas compressors will collect the normal influents plus the hydrogen free gas recombiner effluent. When this gas decay timk is filled the process is repeated. i The gas which is in the isolated gas decay tank is allowed to decay for a period of time to reduce the activity of the gas. The GWMS design pro-vides for a 3 to 5-year holdup for all gaseous wastes. Source term gen-eration was conservatively based on a 90-day holdup. The GWMS provides a means to control the discharge of gaseous waste. The operator in the WMS control room discharges the gas decay tanks through a l flow meter and recorder, and a radiation monitor, which automatically terminates discharge flow on high activity. The Main Control Room opera-tor mutt give permission to discharge activity and has overriding switches to tv.ninate the discharge if required. The release of rac"oactive gases from the GWMS is controlled by the WMS operator by manually lining up tha proper gas decay tank to the discharge header after sampling the tank for activity. If the activity released exceeds a predetermined setpoint, the process flow monitor automatically shuts two valves to terminate the re-lease. The procedure of sampling the gas decay tank prior to release and continous monitoring of the release protects against operator error such
] as sampling one tank and lining up a different tank for discharge. The
- J procedure for sampling and monitoring also protects against radiation monitor malfunction since the sample prior to discharge will be repre-
; sentative of tank contents.
The gases which are routed to the recycle subsystem are the nitrogen cover gases in the equipment drain tank (EDT) cad the reactor drain tank (RDT). These tanks contain an initial nitrogen cover at a preset positive pres-sure. When liquid leakage enters eith.er or both tanks it will raise the pressure of the cover gas. When th' e pressere reaches a specified upper limit the recycle compressor is actuated. The compressor discharges to the nitrogen recycle tank until the pressure in the equipment drain tank and reactor drain tank reduces to the normal operating pressure. Con-versely when liquid is removed frcm either or both tanks, the cover gas pressure will drop to a lower limit. A pressure regulator valve then opens allowing nitrogen to flow into either or both tanks from the nitro-gen recycle tank. The nitrogen recycle tank is periodically sampled by i the gas analyzer. In the event of hydrogen or oxygen instrusion into the cover gas, the nitrogen recycle tank can be manually lined up with the gas recombiner system. The nitrogen recycle tank gas flows through a regula-i tor valve into the gas recombiner system. The effluent, essentially nitrogen, from the gas recombiner system is returned by the gas recombiner f compressor into the nitrogen recycle tank. t 3.5-9 ; e j
LJNP-3 ER-OL Gas Collection Header (GCH) The GCH receives low activity gases containing oxygen from aerated tanks, ion exchangers, and concentrators. Detail on the sources and volumes to the GCH is provided in Table 11.3-6 of the FSAR. Ventilation and Exhaust Systems The major sources of building ventilation and exhaust include: a) Reactor Building Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) System b) Reactor Auxiliary Building HVAC System c) Turbine Building HVAC System d) Fuel Handling Building HVAC System, e) Exhaust f rom the Steam Genc-ator Blowdown System, Condenser Vacuum System and Gland Seal atem The Reactor Building HVAC System includes an internal containment recircu-lation system, known as the Airborne Radioactivity Removal System (ARRS). The ARRS includes two separate systems, each with a 12,500 cubic feet per minute (cfm) capacity. The system is designed to reduce airborne particu-late and iodine activity within the Reactor Building and reduce discharge rates at times of purging the Reactor bailding. The ARRS includes HEPA and charcoal filter beds. During plant operation, the Reactor Building will be isolated or vented via eight-inch lines. Airborne activity can accumulate due to crimary coolant leakage. Leak rates from the coolant to the Reactor Building atmosphere of 1.0 percent per dpy day of the iodines are assumed.U)of theofnoble Some gases and the activity 0.001 will percent per be re-leased to the environment at times when the Reactor Building is vented. Such venting is assumed to be _untinuous at 2500 cfm. It is also assumed that during venting the Rear.cor Building atmosphere is passed through the ARRS continuously. During venting the release passes through HEPA and charco'al filters prior to discharge to the plant vent stack. During shutdown, the containment is assumed to be continually purged through 48-inch purge lines. The radionuclide release rate from purging during shutdown is processed through HEPA and charcoal filters prior to discharge to the plant vent stack. The HVAC exhaust from the RAB is discharged through the RAB exhaust fil-ters. The Turbine Building and the Fuel Handling Building HVAC exhaust are normally released unfiltered due to their very small potential for contamination f rom radioactivity. Capability for filtration of Fuel Handling Building exhaust, in the event of an accident, is provided. 3.5-10 9
WNP-3 ER-0L A ; Additional potential sources of airborne radioactivity are: the non-1 ( condensible gases exhausted from the Steam Generator Blowdown System, Con-denser Vacuum System, and Gland Seal System. Non-condensible gases from the main condenser and from the G1and Seal System are removed by the Con-denser Mechanica ' Vacuum Pumps and passed through a demister, prefilter, charcoal adsorber ; and an after-filter at a rate of 60 scfm (holding), and 5500 scfm (hogging). l The release points for all sources of gaseous effluents described above l are sumarized in Table 3.5-8, and Atmospheric Release Points shown in Figure 3.5-8. 3.5.3.2 Radionuclide Releases The numerical design objectives for gaseous releases from the plant during normal operations, including anticipated operational occurrences, are based on 10 CfR Part 50, Appendix I which mandates: a) The calculated annual air dose due to gama radiation at or beyond the site boundary is not to exceed 10 millirads. b) The calculated annual air dose due to beta radiation at or beyond l the site boundary is not to exceed 20 millirads. p) ( v c) The calculated annual total quantity of radioactive gaseous effluent will not cause an estimated annual dose to any individ-ual in an unrestricted area in excess of 5 mrem to the whole body. d) The calculated annual total quantity of all radioactive iodine and radioactive material in particulate fonn will not result in an annel dose to any individual in an unrestricted area from all pathways in excess of 15 mrem / year to any organ. Compliance with these criteria, and the cost-benefit criteria of Appen-dix I was provided as testimony at the June.1975 Environmental Hearings and additional material was provided in Supplement No. 6 to the ER-CP. This material demonstrated that individual dose criteria were limiting. The results of the GALE code analysis for gaseous source terms are pro-vided in Table 3.5-9. Assumptions and parameters used as input to the GALE code is provided in Table 3.5-10. An evaluation of compliance witfi the Appendix I criteria is included in Section 5.2. 3.5.4 Solid Waste System The Solid Waste System (SWS) collects, processes, packages, and stores prior to transport to an offsite burial facility any disposable wet or dry solid radwaste generated in the operation of the plant. Types of wastes, quantities (maximum and expected volumes), activities, and radionuclide p 1 iv) - 3.5-11
WNP-3 ER-OL distributions are given in Tables 3.5-11 through 3.5-15. Figure 3.5-9 is a simplified block flow diagram of the SWS. Additional detail on the system is included in Section 11.4 of the FSAR. The SWS handles liquids and slurries to be solidified and packaged by col-lecting them in the appropriate treatment tanks. These liquids and slur-ries (wet solid wastes) are processed and pumped to a mixer where they are combined with a solidification agent and are discharged into liners or 55-gallon drums. Solid disposable wastes are compressed into 55-gallon drums by a hydraulic compactor. The liners and drums are then stored in the onsite temporary storage area. After sufficient decaying time has elapsed, the liners or drums are shipped offsite to a burial f acility. Spent filter cartridges are t. ansf erred to the drumming station in a cask especially designed for this purpose. At the drunrning station each car-tridge is transferred into a liner and solidified with waste and the solidification agent. The concentrate storage tank receives and stores concentrate from the floor drain evaporator. Concentrate from the boric acid evaporator is collected in the concentrate storage tank only if the concentrate is not suitable for recycle to the Chemical and Volume Control System (CVCS). Exhausted resins from ion exchangers in the CVCS, the Fuel Pool Cooling and Cleanup System, and the LRS are slaiced to the spent resin tank. The concentrate storage tank and the spent resin tank both transfer their waste to the dewaterir.g tank. The dewatering tank feeds, by means of the resin metering pump, the cement-solidification agent waste mixer at fill-head station B. The secondary particulate pre-treatment hoppcr receives the secondary particulate filter discharge and suitable quantities of inorganic chemical waste evaporator bottoms (concentrate) and/or deteraent waste. The resultant waste mixture is transferred to the cement-solidifi-cation agent-waste mixer at fillhead station A by means of the particulata metering purrp. The Volume Reduction System (VRS) collects and concen-trates the inorganic chemical concentrator bottoms and detergent wastes. The waste is fed to the cement-solidification agent-waste mixer at fill-head station A by means of the VRS hopper metering pump. There is a cross-tie betueen the trains feeding stations A and B before the cement-solidification agent-waste mixers. Thus flexibility of controlling the final volume and activity of the solidified waste is provided. The spent resin dewatering tank, the secondary particulate pre-treatment hopper and the VRS hopper are used primarily for waste processing and not for waste storage. Desired volumes of resins, concentrates, and sludges can ce transf erred to these process tanks and the waste conditioned for processing and solidification. The volume per batch depends on the size of the container used and the number of containers to be filled, however, the batch size is nonnally limited by the size of the scent resin de-watering tank or the secondary particulate filter ore-treatment hopper and VRS hopper. After producing a desirable mixture of wastes, the operator can set the total amount and rate of feed for both the waste and solidi-fying agent. 3.5-12 O
WNP-3 ER-OL Thus, the SWS has provisions for controlling process flows and waste (oV; mixtures prior to solidification operations. Process flows and volumes are also controlled for solidification operations by adjusting the cement metering pumps. Controlled conditions of mixing assure that the liquids have been combined into a matrix that solidifies into a monolithic mass. Remote viewing is available to monitor for any excess water at the top of l the liner (drum). Since several months storage space exists, any excess liquid could be allowed to evaporate with volatile radioactivity removed by ventilation systems. Additional solidification agent may also be added to solidify any free-standing liquid. The waste and solidification agent are processed through a fill station into disposable liners or 55-gallon l drums. The containers, after monitoring for solidification, are capped and transferred to the Filled Liner Storage Area for temporary storage. Prior to transporting the liners to an offsite burial facility, the con-tainers and the vehicle are monitored for spreadable radioactivity and decontaminated as required for offsite shipment. The radioactive content of the containers is determined and additional packaging used, if neces-sary, to allow shipment and burial in accordance with 49 CFR Parts 170-179, 10 CFR Part 20, and 10 CFR Part 71. The expected solumes of solid waste to be shipped offsite are given in Table 3.5-16. The expected volumes of wastes to be shipped were calculated using the inputs to the SWS and a ratio of two volumes of waste to one volume of solidification material. The associated curie content, including a listing by principal nuclides is given in Table 3.5-17 for spent resins with six months decay, Table 3.5-18 for filter cartridges with six months decay, and Table 3.5-19 for precoat []f y~ and particulate slurries, detergent concentrate and ICW concentrate. The basis for the activities is the radionuclide removals from the liquid pro-cessing streams. The radioactive liner storage aret. can accommodate 60 liners. This is sufficient space for six months storage. This storage capability could be used to allow decay of short-lived isotopes before shipment; however, most of the drunrned isotopes are long-lived and decay slowly. Therefore, the radioactive liner storage area capacity primarily provides flexibility in scheduling the offsite shipment of radwaste. The drums filled with com-pacted waste are stored in the 55-gallon drum storage area which can accommodate 50 to 100 drums, or at least one ful' offsite shipment. 3.5.5 Process and Effluent Radiological Monitoring The Process and Effluent Monitoring and Sampling Systems provide the means for monitoring the liquid and gaseous effluents which could contain sig-nificant radioactivity. These systems are designed to give early warning of a malfunction which may lead to an unsafe condition, and to continually indicate and record radiation levels. To perform these tasks, radiation monitors are permanently installed, or specific sampling and analyses rou-tines are established, to allow the evaluation of plant equipment perfor-mance and to measure, indicate, and record the radiation levels in the n vs 3.5-13
WNP-3 ER-0L process and effluent streams during normal operation and anticipated operational occurrences. The overall system is designed to assist the plant operator in evaluating and controlling releases of radioactive mate-rials to the environment to insure that the requirements of 10 CFR Part 20 and 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I are maintained. Table 3.5-20 identifies the principal radiological process and effluent monitors. The Process and i Effluent Monitoring Systems are discussed in detail in FSAR Sections 11.5. 9 . O 1 3.5-14
WNP-3 . ER-0L References for Section 3.5
- 1. Calculation of Releases of Radioactive Materials in Gaseous and Liquid Effluents from Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR-Gale Code), NUREG-0017, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., April 1976.
- 2. Liquid Radioactive Waste Processing System for Pressurized Water Reactor Plants, ANSI N199-1976, American National Standards Institute, New York, New York,1976.
- 3. Solid Radioactive Waste Processing System for Light Water Cooled Reactor Plants , ANSI / ANS-55.1-1979, American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, Illinois, March 1979, Table 8-1.
l v j i 3.5-15
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-1 CONCENTRATIONS (pCi/g) IN PRINCIPAL STREAMS OF THE REFERENCE PWR WITH U-TUBE STEAM GENERATORS (a) Secondary Coolant (c) Water (d) Steam (e) Isotope Reactor Coolant (b) Volatile Volatile Noble Gases Kr-83m 2.1(-2)(f) Nil 5.8(-9) Kr-85m 1.1(-1) Nil 3.1(-8) Kr-85 1.5(-1) Nil 4.2(-8) Kr-87 6.0(-1) Nil 1.6(-8) Kr-88 2.0(-1) Nil 5.5(-8) Kr-89 5.0(-3) Nil 1.4(-9) Xe-131m 1.1(-1) Nil 3.1(-8) Xe-133m 2.2(-1) Nil 6.2(-8) Xe-133 1.8(+1) Nil 5.0(-6) Xe-135m 1.3(-2) Nil 3.6(-9) Xe-135 3.5(-1) Nil 9.7(-8) Xe-137 9.0(-3) Nil 2.5(-9) Xe-138 4.4(-2) Nil 1.2(-8) Halocens Br-83 4.8(-3) 6.9(-8) 6.9(-10) Br-84 2.6(-3) 1.5(-8) 1.5(-10) Br-85 3.0(-4) 2.0(-10) 2.0(-12) I-130 2.1(-3) 4.6(-8) 4.6(-10) 1-131 2.7(-1) 6.8(-6) 6.8(-8) I-132 1.0(-1) 1.9(-6) 1.9(-8) I-333 3.8(-1) 8.9(-6) 8.9(-8) I-134 4.7(-2) 3.8(-7) 3.8(-9) I-135 1.9(-1) 3.8(-6) 3.8(-8) Cs, Rb Rb-86 8.5(-5) 4.4(-9) 4.4(-12) Rb-88 2.0(-1) 7.4(-7) 7.4(-10) Cs-134 2.5(-2) 1.3(-6) 1.3(-9) Cs-136 1.3(-2) 6.7(-7) 6.7(-10) Cs-137 1.8(-2) 9.4(-7) 9.4(-10) Water Activation Product N-16 4.0(+1) 1(-6) 1(-7) Tritium H-3 1(0) 1(-3) 1(-3) O
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-1 (contd.) Secondary Coolant (c) Water (d) Steam (e) Isotope Reactor Coolant (b) Volatile Volatile Other Nuclides Cr-51 1.9(-3) 9(-8) 9(-11) Mn-54 3.1(-4) 2(-8) 2(-11) Fe-55 1.6(-3) 8(-8) 8(-11) Fe-59 1.0(-3) 6(-8) 6(-11) Co-58 1.6(-2) 8(-7) 8)-10) Co-60 2.0(-3) 9(-8) 9(-11) Sr-89 3.5(-4) ~ 2(-8) 2(-12) Sr-90 1.0(-5) 4(-10) 4(-13) Sr-91 6.5(-4) 2(-8) 2(-11) Y-90 1.2(-6) 8(-11) 8(-14) Y-91m 3.6(-4) 1(-8) 1(-11) Y-91 6.4(-5) 3(-9) 3(-12) Y-93 3.4(-5) 1(-9) 1(-12) Zr-95 6.0(-5) 4(-9) 4(-12) Nb-95 5.0(-5) 4(-9) 4(-12) Mo-99 8.4(-2) 4(-6) 4(-9) Tc-99m 4.8(-2) O Ru-103 Ru-106 Rh-103m 4.5(-5) 1.0(-5) 3(-6) 2(-9) 4(-10) 3(-9) 2(-12) 4(-13) 4.5(-5) 2(-9) 2(-12) Rh-106 1.0(-5) 4(-10) 4(-10) Te-125m 2.9(-5) 1(-9) 1(-12) Te-127m 2.8(-4) 1(-8) 1(-11) Tm 127 8.5(-4) 3(-8) 3(-11) Te-129m 1.4(-3) 6(-8) 6(-11) Te-129 1.6(-3) 6(-8) 6(-11) Te-131m 2.5(-3) 1(-7) 1(-10) Te-131 1.1(-3) 2(-8) 2(-11) Te-132 2.7(-2) 1(-6) 1(-9) Ba-137m 1.6(-2) 9(-7) 9(-10) Ba-140 2.2(-4) 1(-8) 1(-11) La-140 1.5(-4) 7(-9) 7(-12) Ce-141 7.0(-5) 4(-9) 4(-12) Ce-143 4.0(-5) 1(-9) 1(-12) Ce-144 3.3(-5) 2(-9) 2(-12) Pr-143 5.0(-5) 2(-9) 2(-12) Pr-144 3.3(-5) 2(-9) 2(-12) Np-239 1.2(-3) 6(-8) 6(-11) O
~
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-1 (contd.) , (a) Based on Reference 3.5-1. (b)The concentrations given are for reactor coolant entering the letdown line. (c) Based on a primary-to-secondary leak of 100 lb/ day. (d)The concentrations given are for water in a steam generator. (e)The concentrations given are for steam leaving a steam generator. (f) Numbers in parentheses denote power of 10. O 9
~
l e
t!NP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-2 O V PARAMETERS USED TO DESCRIBE THE REFERENCE PWR AND WNP-3(a) Nominal Range Parameter Symbol Units Value Maximum Minimum WNP-3 Thermal Power P MWt 3,400 3,800 3,000 3800 Steam flow rate FS lb/hr 1.5(7) 1.7(7) 1.3(7) 1.7(7)(b) Weight of water in WP lb 5.5(5) 6.0(5) 5.0(5) 5.7(5) reactor coolant system Weight of water in all WS lb 4.5(5) 5.0(5) 4.0(5) 3.3(5) 1 steam generators Reactor coolant letdown FD lb/hr 3.7(4) 4.2(4) 3.2(4) 3.6(4) flow (purification) Reactor coolant letdown FB lb/hr 500 1,000 250 250 flow (yearly average for boron control) Steam generator blowdown FBD lb/hr 75,000 100,000 50,000 50,000 flow (total) Volatile Fraction of radioactivity NBD - 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 in blowdown stream that is not returned to the
/, secondary coolant O system Flow through the purifi- FA lb/hr 3,700 7,500 0.0 0.0 cation system action demineralizer Ratio of condensate NC -
0.65 0.75 0.55 1.0 demineralizer flow rate to the total steam flow rate volatile Ratio of the total amount Y - 0.0 0.01 0.0 1.0 of noble gases routed to gaseous radwaste from the purification system to the total amount of noble gases routed from the primary coolant system to the purification system (not including the , boron recovery system) (a) From Table 2-4 of Reference 3.5-1. (b) Numbers in parentheses denote power of 10. O
1 WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-3 COOLANT ACTIVITIES FOR NORMAL OPERATION INCLUDING ANTICIPATED OPERATIONAL OCCURRENCES (a) Primary C'oolant Secondary Coolant p cc) fp /cc) Cr-51 1.90E-03 1.86E-07 Mn- 54 3.10E-04 4.14E-08 Fe-55 1.60E-03 1.66E-07 Fe-59 1.00E-03 1.24E-07 Co-58 1. 60E - 02 1.65E-06 Co-60 2. 00E-03 1.86E-07 Np-239 1.20E-03 1.20E-07 Br-83 4. 80 E-03 7.31E-08 Rb- 86 8. 50E-05 1.04E-08 Rb-88 2.00E-01 1.03E-06 Sr-89 3. 50E-04 4.14E-08 Sr-91 6.50E-04 3.60E-08 Y-91M 3. 60E-04 1.44E-08 Y- 91 6.40E-05 6. 20E-09 Zr-95 6.00E-05 8.27E-09 Nb-95 5.00E-05 8.26E-09 Mo- 99 8.40E-02 8.06E-06 Tc-99M 4. 80 E-02 5.15E-06 Ru-103 4.50E-05 4.13E-09 Rh- 103M 4.50E-05 2.90E-09 Ru- 106 1. 00E-05 8.28E-10 Te-127M 2. 80 E-04 2.07E-08 Te-127 8. 50E-04 5.39F-08 Te-129M 1.40E-03 1.24E-07 Te-129 1.60E-03 8.81E-08 I- 130 2.10E-03 4.36E-08 Te-131M 2.50E-03 1.95E-07 Te-131 1.10E-03 2. 79 E-08 I-131 2.70E-01 6.18E-06 Te-132 2.70E-02 2. 02 E-06 I-1 32 1,00E-01 2.02E-06 I- 133 3. 80E-01 8.29E-06 I- 1 34 4.70E-02 4.44E-07 Cs- 134 2.50E-02 3.09E-06 I-135 1.90E-01 3.71E-06 Cs-136 1.30E-02 1.58E-06 Cs-137 1.80E-02 2.24E-06 Ba-137 M 1.60E-02 1.22E-06 Ba-140 2. 20E-04 2.06E-08 La-140 1. 50E-04 1.39E-08 Ce-141 7.00E-05 8.26E-09 Pr-143 5.00E-05 4.12E-09 Ce-144 3.30E-05 4.14E.09 Pr-144 3.30E-05 2.76E-09 All Others ( 2.03E-01) (1.06E-06) Total (Except Tritium) 1.46E+00 4.84E-05 (a)At 0.12% f ailed f uel as derived from Reference 3.5-1. t 9
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-4 p RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS AND SOURCE TERMS FOR THE Q FUEL POOL SYSTEM Specific Activity Nuclide at 700 F Refueling Releases Normal Releases (pCi/cc) (Ci/20 days) (Ci/yr) H-3 4.4(-1)(a) 2.44(1) 1.30(3) Kr-83m 2.0(-12) 4.04(-12) 2.26(-12) Kr-85m 1.4(-7) 1.08(-6) 3.00(-7) Kr-85 1.3 (-4.) 1.72(-1) 3.80(-1) Kr-87 2.4(-15) 1.32(-15) 1.62(-15) Kr-88 4.7(-9) 1.49(-8) 6.45(-9) I-131 1.4(-3) 1.52(-5) 1.08(-5) I-132 7.1(-10) 2.58(-10) 4.84(-12) I-133 4.9(-4) 3.28(-6) 2.35(-6) I-135 1.1(-5) 3.19(-8) 2.70(-8) Xe-131m 8.6(-5) - 7.68(-2) 1.20(-2) Xe-133m 1.2(-4) 2.24(-2) 3.34(-3) Xe-133 1.3(-2) 5.70(0) 6.80(-5) Xe-135 1.5(-5) 3.07(-4) 6.80(-5) (a) Parentheses dencte power of 10. Assumptions:
- 1. All noble gases in pool water are immediately released to the Fuel j Handling Building atmosphere and vented.
; 2. Iodines, particulates and tritium enter the Fuel Handlirg Building atmosphere via evaporation processes.
- 3. Evaporation rate of 750 lbs/hr.
- 4. Partition factor = 0.001 for iodines and particulates and 1.0 for noble gases.
- 5. pH = 4.5 to 10.2.
- 6. Temperature = 1300F.
- 7. Iodine Concentration = 10-11 pCi/ liter.
- 8. Activity in pool declines exponentially via decay, evaporation and pool cleanup.
- 9. Cleanup Finw = 300 gpm; DF = 10 for all isotopes except tritium and noble gases.
1 O V
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-5 LIQUID RADWASTE SYSTEM INFLUENT STREAMS Volume (a) Activity Fraction (a) System Source cal /yr opd of RCS Floor Drain Containment Sump 14,600 40 1.0 System Reactor Auxiliary 73,000 200 0.1 Building Cask washdown 36,500 100 0.01 Fuel Handling Bldg 36,500 100 0.1 Pumps, valve leak 60,225 165 0.1 drains, resin sluicing Hot Radio-Chem 36,500 100 0.002 Lab drains Refueling 50,600 1,265(b) 0.1 Reactor Containment 365,000 1,000 0.001 Cooling System Spent Fuel Pit 255,000 700 0.001 liner leakage Decontamination 133,000 3,000(b) .01 Drains 40(c) Secondary High Particulate 4,560,000 12,500 NA(e) Particulate Turbine Bldg 2,628,000 7,200 Condenser Hot-Waste drains well Activity Secondary Low particulate 832,000 2,300 NA High Purity Waste Detergent Laundry, hot 182,000 500 NA Waste System showers, hand 9
~
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-5 (contd.) LIQUID RADWASTE SYSTEM INFLUENT STREAMS Volume (a) Activity Fraction (a) System Source gal /yr gpd of RCS Inorganic Chemical Inorganic chemical 832,000 2,300 NA Waste waste Water analysis 525,600 1,440 Steam Gener-lab drains ator Activity (a) In agreement with Reference 3.5-2. (b) (c) During 40-day shutdown only. (d) During remaining 325 days. (e) 30 NAdays
= NotofApplicable shutdown operations. 1 O
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-6 LIQUID SOURCE TERMS FOR tF1 MAL OPERATIONS (a) Deter-Boron Misc Turb Total Adjusted (b) gent I RS Wastes Secondary Bldg LWS Total Wastes Total i Nuclide (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) tCi/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) Corrosion and Activation Products Cr-51 2.50E-07(c) 3.19E-04 2.59E-05 1.84E-06 3.47E-04 6.90E-04 0. 6.90E-04 Mn-54 4.55E-08 5.34E-05 6.57E-06 4.12E-07 6.04E-05 1.20E-04 1.00E-04 2.20E-04 Fe-55, 2.37E-07 2.76E-04 2.66E-05 1.65E-06 3.05E-04 6.06E-04 0. 6.10E-04 Fe-59 1.38E-07 1.70E-04 1.82E-05 1.23E-06 1.89E-04 3.76E-04 0. 3.80E-04 Co-58 2.26E-06 2.73E-03 2.51E-04 1.64E-05 3.00E-03 5.97E-03 4.00E-04 6.40E-03 Co-60 2.96E-07 3.45E-04 2.99E-05 1.86E-06 3.77E-04 7.50E-04 8.70E-04 1.60E-03 Np-239 5.18e-08 1.51E-04 1.20E-05 1.11E-06 1.64E-04 3.26E-04 0. 3.30E-04 Fission Products Br-83 3. 94 E-10 1.98E-05 7.27E-06 1.30E-06 2.83E-05 5.63E-05 0. 5.60E-05 Rb-86 1.22E-08 1.41E-05 1.97E-05 1.03E-07 3.39E-05 6.74E-05 0. 6.70E-05 Rb-88 3.83E-28 2.75E-08 1.02E-03 8.36E-12 1.02E-03 2.03E-03 0. 2.03E-03 Sr-89 4.86E-08 5.96E-05 6.13E-06 4.10E-07 6.62E-05 1.32E-05 0. 1.30E-04 Sr-91 1.61E-09 2.46E-05 3.58E-06 2.33E-07 2.84E-05 5.64E-05 0. 5.60E-04 Y-91M 1.04E-09 1.59E-05 1.43E-06 1.50E-07 1.74E-05 3.47E-05 0. 3.50E-05 Y-91 9.63 E-09 1.15E-05 9.41E-07 6.24E-08 1.26E-05 2.50E-05 0. 2.50E-05 I Zr-95 8.45E-09 1.02E-05 1.25E-06 8.21E-08 1.16E-05 2.30E-05 1.40E-04 1.60E-04 l l Nb-95 7.53E-09 8.67E-06 1.32E-06 8.23E-08 1.01E-05 2.00E-05 2.00E-04 2.20E-04 Mo-99 4.28E-06 1.11E-02 8.11E-04 7.54E-05 1.20E-02 2.38E-02 0. 2.40E-02 Tc-99M 4.08E-06 9.93E-03 5.22E-04 5. 94 E-05 1.05E-02 2.09E-02 0. 2.10E-02 Ru-103 6.13E-09 7.62E-06 5.99E-07' 4.10E-08 8.27E-06 1.64E-05 1.40E-05 3.00e-05 Rh-103M 6.13E-09 7.64E-06 4.76E-07 4.09E-08 8.17E-06 1.62E-05 0. 1. 60E- 05 Ru-106 1.47E-09 1.72E-06 1.32E-07 8.24E-09 1.87E-06 3.71E-06 2.40E-04 2.40E-04 l Ag-110M 0. O. O. O. O. O. 4.40E-05 4.40E-05 ) 1.02E-04 0. 1.00E-04 Te-127M 4.03E-08 4.80E-05 3.20E-06 2.06E-07 5.15E-05 Te-127 4.17E-08 6. 84 E-05 6.49E-06 4.17E-07 7.54E-05 1.50E-04 0. 1.50E-04 1.88E-07 2.36E-04 1.77E-05 1.23E-06 2.55E-04 5.08E-04 0. 5.10E-04 Te-129M 1.20E-07 1.52E-04 1.22E-05 7 89E-07 1.65E-04 3.29E-04 0. 3.30E-04 Te-129 O O O
v -3 x ER -OL s TABLE 3.5-6 (contd.) Deter-Boron Misc Turb Total Adjusted (b) gent RS Wastes Secondary Bldg LWS Total Wastes Total Nuclide (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) (Ci/Yr) I-130 9.12E-08 1.04E-04 4.34E-06 3.10E-06 1.12E-04 2.22E-04 0. 2.20E-04 Te-131M 5.01E-08 2.42E-04 1.94E-05 1.69E-06 2.63E-04 5.24E-04 0. 5.20E-04 Te-131 9.15E-09 4.42E-05 2.78E-06' 3.09E-07 4.73E-05 9.41E-0S 0. 9.40E-05 I-131 2.67E-04 4.24E-02 1.51E-03 6.02E-04 4.48E-02 8.91E-02 6.20E-06 8.90E-02 Te-132 1. 57E-06 3.69E-03 2.052-04 1.91E-05 3.92E-03 7.79E-03 0. 7.80E-03 1-132 1.66E-06 4.14E-03 2.05E-04 4.93E-05 4.40E-03 8.75E-03 0. 8.70E-03 1-133 4.41E-05 2.96E-02 8.25E-04 6.77E-04 3.11E-02 6.18E-02 0. 6.20E-02 I-134 6.42E-14 9.52E-06 4.41E-05 3.92E-07 5.41E-05 1.07E-04 0. 1.10E-04 Cs-134 4.29E-06 4.31E-03 8.28E-03 3.08E-05 1.26E-02 2.51E-02 1.30E-03 2.60E-02 1-135 1. 72E-06 4.5'E-03 3.69E-04 1.99E-04 5.08E-03 1.01E-02 0. 1.00E-02 Cs-136 1. 73 E-06 2. ~.2E-03 2.65E-03 1.55E-05 4.79E-03 9.51E-03 0. 9.50E-03 Cs-137 3.10E-06 3.11F 13 6.04E-03 2.23E-05 9.18E-03 1.82E-02 2.40E-03 2.10E-02 Ba-137M 2. 90E-06 2.91: 03 3.69E-03 2.08E-05 6.63E-03 1.32E-02 0. 1.30E-02 Ba-140 2.51E-08 3.58E-05 2.55E-06 2.02E-07 3.85E-05 7.66E-05 0. 7.70E-05 La-140 2.59E-08 2.97E-05 1. 95E-06 1.44E-07 3.18E-05 6.32E-05 0. 6.30E-05 Ce-141 9.35E-09 1.18E-05 1.17E-06 8.18E-08 1.31E-05 2.60E-05 0. 2.60E-05 Pr-143 6.22E-09 8.44E-06 5.22E-07 4.07E-08 9.01E-06 1.79E-05 0. 1.80E-05 ; 6.39E-06 5.30E-04 Ce-144 4. 84E-09 5.69E-06 6.56E-07 4.12E-08 1.27E-05 5.20E-04 PR-144 4. 84 E-09 5.69E-06 5.19E-07 4.12E-08 6.25E-06 1.24E-05 0. 1.20E-05 All Others 9.18E-09 1.45E-05 2. 84 E-06 6.90E-08 1.74E-05 3.46E-05 0. 3.00E-05 Total 3.40E-04 1.23E-01 2.67E-02 1.81E-03 1.52E-01 3.02E-01 6.23E-03 3.10E-01 (Except Tritium) Tritium Release 1.10E+02 (a) (b) Hypothetical Per Reference releases 3.5-1, based on assumptions 0.15 Ci/yr in Table is added to the 3.5-7.amounts to account for operational calculated (c) occurrences using of (E) Denotes power the10.same isotopic distribution.
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-7 ASSlfiPTIONS AND PARAETERS USED TO CALCULATE RELEASES OF RADIOACTIVE MATERI AL IN LIQUID EFFLUENTS Plant Specific Data Power Levei 3800 MWt Capacity Factor 80 Percent Failed Fuel Equivalent to 0.12 Percent Process Parameters Primary coolant Mass 571,300 lbs Secondary Coolant Mass 2.800,000 lbs Primary to Secondary Leatrate 100 lbs/ day Mass of Steam per Steam Generator 16,000 lbs Mass of Liquid per Steam Generator 167.000 lbs Number of Steam Generators per Unit 2 Steam Flow at Rated Power 1.72 x 107 lbs/hr Steam Generator Blowdown Rate 25,000 los/hr Primary Coolant Letdown Rate 72 gom Letdown Cation Demineralizer Flow 14.4 gpm Condensate Demineralizer Flow Fraction 1.0 Fission Product Carry Over 0.1 Percent Halogen Carry Over 1.0 Percent Radwaste Parameters Fraction Collec-Fraction Di s- tion Decay Stream Flow Rate of PCA charged Time Time Decontamination Factors (Gal / Day) M) (uays) I C5 Others Shim bleed 7.20E+02 1.000 0.100 8.333 0.833 1.00E+06 2.00E+06 1.00E+07 Rate Floor 2.90E+03 0.037 0.100 8.333 0.833 1.00E +04 1.00E +05 1.00E +05 Drain Sys ICW 2.30E+01 0.003 0.100 10.400 0.555 1. 00E +04 1.00E +05 1.00E +05 SPWS 1.25E+04 0.000 0.100 1.920 0.167 1.00E +00 1.00E +00 1.00E +00 Blow-down 7.19 E +04 NA 0.100 0.000 0.000 1.00E+02 1.00E+01 1.00E+02 Untreated Blow-down O. NA 1.000 0.000 0.000 6.00E +00 1. 00E +00 1. 00E +00 SHP 2.30E+03 NA 0.100 10.400 0.167 1.00E+02 2.00E+00 1.00E+02 ICW = Inorganic Chemical Waste System SPWS = Secondary Particulate Waste System SHP = Secondary High Purity Waste System NA = Not Applicable O l
\s.JP-3 1
- ER-OL i
TABLE 3.5-8 I. RELEASE POINT DATA e i i Elevation Inside Temperature Exit i Release Point (a') Above Grade (ft) Dimension (ft) (OF) Velocity (FPM) l Fuel Handling 130 8.5 120 742-Building Vent Auxiliary Building 130 3.5 104 2800 Roof Vent 4 i Turbine Building 140 10.5 104 3000 i Roof Vent t Gland Steam Packing 112 0.67 210 . .i Exhaust Containment Purge 140 3.5 90 3100 Mechanical Vacuum 105 1.3 72 47 Pumps (a) Refer to Figure 3.5-8 for the location of release points. 1 I I l
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-9 GASE0US SOURCE TERMS FOR NORMAL OPERATIONS INCLUDING ANTICIPATED OPERATIONAL OCCURRENCES (a) i Release Rate (Ci/yr) Primary Secondary Blowdown Air Coolant Coolant Gas Stripping (b) Building Ventilation Vent Ejector Nuclide (uCi/gm) (pCi/gm) Shutdown Continuous Reactor Auxiliary Turbine Offgas Exhaust Total Kr-83M 1.937E-02 4.671E-09 0.(c) 0. 2.0E+00 0. O. O. O. 2.0E+00 Kr-85M 8.500E-02 2.091E-08 0. O. 1.4E401 2.0E+00 0. O. 1.0E+00 1.7E+01 Kr-85 2.347E-03 5.737E-10 1.0E+00 2.7E+02 2.0E+00 0. O. O. O. 2.7E+02 Kr-87 5.798E-02 1.350E-08 0. O. 3.0E+00 1.0E+00 0. O. O. 4.0E+00 Kr-88 1.721E-01 4.133E-08 0. O. 2.0E+01 4.0E+00 0. O. 2.0E+00 2.6E+01 Kr-89 5.354E-03 1.309E-09 0. O. O. O. O. O. O. O. Xe-131M 6.065E-03 1.492E-09 0. O. 4.0E+00 0. O. O. O. 4.0E+00 Xe-133M 4.270E-02 1.051E-08 0. O. 2.5E+01 0. O. O. O. 2.5E+01 Xe-133 1.803E+00 4.373E-07 0. O. 1.2E+03 3.8E+01 0. O. 2.4E+01 1.3E+03 Xe-135M 1.367E-02 3.304E-09 0. O. O. O. O. O. O. O. Xe-135 2.073E-01 5.017E-08 0. O. 5.8E+01 4.0E+00 0. O. 3.0E+00 6.5E+01 Xe-137 9.629E-03 2.335E-09 0. O. O. O. O. O. O. O. Xe-138 4.617E-02 1.099E-08 0. O. O. O. O. O. O. O. Total Noble Gases 1.7E+03 I-131 3.089E-01 7.072E-06 0. O. 2.lE-02 4.9E-03 3.8E-04 0. 3.lE-03 2.9E-02 I-133 4.263E-01 9.301E-06 0. O. 1.8E-02 6.8E-03 5.0E-04 0. 4.2E-03 3.0E-02 Tritium Gaseous Release 1400 Ar-41 25 C-14 8 O O O
-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-9 (contd.)
Release Rate (C1/yr) Waste Gas Building Ventilation Nuclide System Reactor Auxiliary Total Airborne Particulate Mn-54 4.5E-05 2.2E-04 1.8E-04 4.5E-04 Fe-59 1.5E-05 7.4E-05 6.0E-05 1.5E-04 Co-58 1.5E-05 7.4E-04 6.0E-04 1.5E-03 Co-60 7.0E-05 3.3E-04 2.7E-04 6.7E-04 Sr-89 3.3E-06 1.7E-05 1.3E-05 3.3E-05 Sr-90 6.0E-07 2.9E-06 2.4E-06 5.9E-06 Cs-134 4.5E-05 2.2E-04 1.8E-04 4.5E-04 Cs-137 7.5E-05 3.7E-04 3.0E-04 7.5E-04 (a)At 0.12% failed fuel as derived from Reference 3.5-1. (b)The actual gas release point is the waste gas decay tanks. (c)0. indicates release is less than 1.0 Ci/yr for noble gas, 0.0001 Ci/yr for iodine.
WNP-3 ER-0L TABLE 3.5-10 ASSUMPTIONS USED TO CALCULATE GASEOUS RADI0 ACTIVITY RELEASES Continuous stripping of full letdown flow Flow rate through gas stripper (gpm) 74.0135 Holdup time for Xenon (days) 90 Holdup time for Krypton (days) 90 Fill time of decay tanks for the gas stripper (days) 90 Primary coolant leak to Auxiliary Bldg (lb/ day) 160 Auxiliary Building leak Iodine partition factor 0.0075 Gas Waste System Particulate release fraction 0.0100 Auxiliary Building Iodine release fraction 0.1000 Particulate release fraction 0.0100 6 Containment volume (10 cuft) 3.450 Frequency of primary coolant degassing (times /yr) 2 Primary to secondary leak rate (lb/ day) 100 There is a kidney filter Containment atmosphere cleanup rate (thousand cfm) 11.5 Cleanup filter efficiency Iodine 0.9000 Particulate 0.9900 Cleanup time of containment (hours) 16 Iodine partition factor (gas / liquid) in steam generator 0.0100 Frequency of containment high-volume purge (times /yr) 4 Containment high-vol purge Iodine release fraction 0.1000 Particulate release fraction 0.0100 Containment low-volume purge rate (cfm) 2500 Iodine release fraction 0.1000 Particulate release fraction C.0100 Steam leak to Turbine Bldg (lb/hr) 1700 Fraction of Iodine released from blowdown tank vent 0.0 Fraction of Iodine released from main condenser ejector 0.1 No cryogenic off-gas system
~
G
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-11
~
SOLID WASTE SYSTEM INFLUENT STREAMS
'N / Source Form Quantity (a)
(f t3/yr) Spent Resins CVCS(b)GggmicalandVolumeControl Dewatered 171 Fuel Poolt 1 Dewatered 180 Floor Drain System (c) Dewatered 80 Secondary Liquiq Dewatered 80 Organic Trapstc, Treatment Systems (C) Dewatered 60 Dewatered 500 CondensatePolishers(d)(d) Blowdown Demineralizers Dewatered 100 Evaporator Bottoms Floor Drains (e) 12 percent Na2B0 47 2,930 ICW (Inorganic Chemical Waste)(f) 15 percent Na2504 5,000 CVCS (Boric Acid Concentrator)(9) 12 percent H 3803 2,000 Filters 4 Sludge Precoat and Particu- 120 lates in slurry Cartridges 43 cartridges 101 Compressible Solids Plastic, Rags, Paper, 11,000 etc. Detergent Waste (h) Laundry Waste 40,000
-(a) Bases for Values: Maximum annual volumes; normal operation, in-cluding anticipated operational occurrences. Expected annual volumes are inputs from the primary side treatment systems excluding the 12 percent boric acid concentrate.
(b)Normally changed during annual refueling. (c)Normally changed twice per year. (d) Reference 3.5-3. (e) Based on volume reduction ratio of 50. (f) Based on volume reduction ratio of 20. (9) Assuming five percent of the boric acid concentrator thoughput is concentrated to twelve percent boric acid for disposal. (h) Total volume collected in Detergent Waste System. i O l l l I
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-12 SOLID WASTE SYSTEM INFLUENTS (CURIES / YEAR) FROM EVAPORATOR BOTTOMS Floor Drain Boric Acid Nuclide Evaporator ICW Evaoorator Evaporator H-3 4.23E-00 1.46E-00 5.1E+01 Br-84 ** ** 1.3E-05
- I-129 4. 90E-06 I-131 1.72E+02 3.78E-00 2.3E n1 1-132 2. 84 E-03 4.68E-04 2.1E-03 I-133 1.88E+01 7.08E-01 6.5E-02 I-134 ** ** 3.8E-04 I-135 9.26E-01 5.14E-02 1.1E-02 Rb-88 ** ** 2.7E-04 l Rb-89 Sr-89 4.55E-01 7.01E-03 5.1E-04 Sr-90 2.37E-02 3.34E-04 1.7E-05 Sr-91 3.86E-03 1.79E-04 5.5E-05 Y-90 9. 79E-04 3.05E-06 1.2E-04 Y-91 2.26E-01 3.46E-04 3.4E-03 Zr-95 6.73E-01 8.29E-03 4.2E-03 Mo-99 4.51E-01 1.39E-01 1.7E+00 Ru-103 7.51E-01 1.18E-02 6.2E-05 Ru-106 1. 90E-01 2.71E-03 4.9E-05 Te-129 1.34E-00 2.15E-02 1.7E-05 Te-132 7.53E-00 2.22E-01 1.3E-02 Te-134 ** ** **
Cs-134 3.45E+01 4.89E-01 1.4E-02 Cs-136 2.03E+01 3.85E-01 5.2E-03 Cs-137 1.39E+02 1.97E-00 1.0E-02 Cs-140 ** ** ** Ba-140 5.30E-01 1.02E-02 2.3E-04 La-140 6.85E-02 2.34E-03 4.6E-05 Pr-143 4.06E-01 7.67E-02 5.3E-05 Ce-144 4.49E-01 6.45E-03 5.3E-05 Cr-51 5.37E-02 8.81E-05 2.5E-04 Mn-54 1.48E-03 2.12E-06 5.1E-05 Co-58 1.23E-01 1.86E-04 2.3E-03 Co-60 1.51E-02 2.14E-05 3.3E-04 Fe-59 7.08E-04 1.10E-06 1.4E-04
** Denote nuclide activity less than 1.0E-06 Curies / year.
O
WNP-3 ER-0L TAB'LE 3.5-13 O- SOLIO WASTE SYSTEM INFLUENTS (CURIES / YEAR) FROM SPENT RESINS Nuclide Activity H-3 7.41E-01 Br-84 4.621E-01 I-129 ** I-131 1.400E+04 I-132 4.661E+01 1-133 2.261E+03 I-134 1.27E+01 I-135 4.061E+02 Rb-88 1.081E+01 Rb-89 2.915E-01 Sr-89 1.102E+02 Sr-90 1.953E+01 Sr-91 9.453E-01 Y-90 7.160E-01 Y-91 5.580E+02 Zr-95 ** Mo-99 3.60E+03 Ru-103 1.502E+02 Ru-106 1.242E+02 O Te-129 Te-132 Te-134 2.79E+02 5.875E+02 7.29E-01 Cs-134 5.22E+03 Cs-136 4.026E+02 Cs-137 2.362E+04 Cs-138 3.117E+00 Ba-140 5.097E+01 La-140 6.204E+00 Pr-143 3.995E+01 Ce-144 2.755E+02
** Denotes nuclide activity less than 1.0E-02 Curies /yr l
O
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-14 SOLID WASTE SYSTEM INFLUENTS (CURIES / YEAR) FROM SPENT FILTER CARTRIDGES Nuclide Activity Cr-51 68.9 Mn-54 7.67 Co-58 318. Co-60 98.9 Fe-59 1.29 Zr-95 1.54 i O l l l [ 9
i WNP-3 l ER-OL TABLE 3.5-15 ! SOLID WASTE SYSTEM INFLUENTS (CURIES / YEAR) FROM j SECONDARY PARTICULATE FILTER SLUDGE Nucli de Activity Cr-51 3.36E-05 { Mn-54 7.42E-07 Co-58 6.68E-05 Co-60 7.44E-06 Fe-59 4.04E-07 ; Zr-95 3.45E-07 l l i l l i l
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-16 SOLID WASTE SYSTEM EFFLUENT VOLUMES Ouantity (ft /yri Tyoe of Waste Form Expected Maximum Spent Resins Soli dified 650 1760 Evaporator Bottoms Floor Drain Soli dified 4395 4395 ICW Solidified 7500 7500 CVCS Solidified 2000 3000 Fil ters Backflush Solidified 180 180 Cartridges Solidified 162 16? Compressible Solids Compressed in drums 2750 2750 (Compaction f actor = 4) Detergent Concentrates Solidified (a) 1200 1200 (a) Based on a volume reduction f actor of 50 for volume reduction unit.
~
l 9
WNP-3 f . ER-OL TABLE 3.5-17 SOLID WASTE SYSTEM EFFLUENTS (CURIES / YEAR) i FROM SPENT RESIN ( ) Half Nuclide Life Activity H-3 12.3y 1.13E+01 Br-84 31.8m *** I-129 1.6x107 y *** I-131 8.06d 2.18E-03 I-132 2.28h *** I-133 20.8h *** I-134 52.3m *** I-135 6.7h *** Rb-88 17.7m *** Rb-89 15.2m *** Sr-89 50.8d 9.27E+00 Sr-90 28.9y 1.93E+01 Sr-91 9.67h *** Y-90 64.0h *** Y-91 58.8d 6.54E+01 Zr-95 65.5d *** O Mo-99 66.6h *** Ru-103 39.8d 6.12E+00 Ru-106 386 d 8.79E+01 Te-129 34.le 1.14E+ 01 Te-132 78 H *** Te-134 43m *** Cs-134 2.06y 4.41E+03 Cs-136 13d 2.40E-02 Cs-137 30.26y 2.34E+03 Cs-138 32.2m *** Ba-140 12.8d 2.59E-03 La-140 40.2h *** Pr-143 13.6d 3.88E-03 Ce-144 284 d 1.77E+02 (a) Based on 6-months decay of influent activities.
*** Denote nuclide activity less than 1.0 E-04 curies / year.
O
I BNP-3 ' ER-OL TABLE 3.5-18 SOLIDWASTESYSTEMEFFLUENTS(Cp%IES/ YEAR) FROM FILTER CARTRIDGEStai Half Nuclide Life Activity Cr-51 27.8d 7.11E-01 Mn-54 291 d 5.04E+00 Co-58 71 d 5.20E+01 Co-60 5.27y 9.23E+01 Fe-59 45 d 7.73E-02 Zr-95 65 d 2.20E-01 (a) Based on 6 months decay of input activities. O O
. . __ _ ___ __- - ._ - - . - . . .. .= _ - . _ - . __
WNP-3 ER-OL : TABLE 3.5-19
)
SOLID WASTE SYSTEM EFFLUENT (MICR0 CURIES /GRAli)(a) FROM PREC0AT AND PARTICULATE SLURRIES, DETERGENT CONCENTRATE, AND ICW CONCENTRATE Nuclide Normal Operation Nuclide Design Basis Br-83 *(b) Br-84
- Br-84
- I-129 1.84E-12 I-130
- I-131 2.20E-11 I-131 1.73E-12 I-132 *
! I-132
- I-133
- I-133
- I-134
- I-134
- I-135
- I-135
- Rb-88
- Rr-86 4.33E-12 Rb-89 *
, Rb-88
- Sr-89 1.62E-08 Cs-134 1.27E-05 Sr-90 6.09E-09 1 Cs-136 3.29E-11 Sr-91
- I Cs-137 2.63E-05 Y-90 8.44E-30 Sr-89 1.28E-09 Y-91 3.22E-09 Sr-90 4.35E-10 Zr-95 5.94E-08 Sr-91
- Mo-99 6.76E-25
, Y-90 2.43E-31 Ru-103 1.60E-08 Y-91M
- Ru-106 4.73E-06 Y-91 3.27E-10 Te-129
- Y-93
- Te-132 1.04E-22 Zr-95 2.12E-08 Te-134
- Nb-95 5.44E-08 Cs-134 3.49E-05 Mo-99 9.63E-26 Cs-136 1.54E-10 Tc-99M
- Cs-137 7.93E-05 Ru-103 5.84E-09 Cs-138
- Ru-106 1.81E-06 Ba-140 1.19E-11 Ru-103M
- La-140 1.42E-40 Te-125M 1.43E-10 Pr-143 2.93E-12 Te-127M 3.66E-09 Ce-144 8.92E-06 Te-127
- Cr-51 9.37E-10 Te-129M 1.31E-09 Mn-54 1.92E-07 Te-129
- Co-58 3.05E-07 Te-131M
- Co-60 2.45E-06 i
Te-131
- Fe-59 2.80E-09 i
Te-132 1.33E-23 Fe-55 6.38E-08 Total 1.31E-04 O v
WriP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-19 (contd.) tiuclide Normal Operation Ba-140 4.74E-13 La-140 1.02E-41 Ce-141 6.19E-11 Ce-143
- Ce-144 3.41E-06 Pr-143 2.06E-13 Pr-144
- Np-239 1.86E-31 Cr-51 9.37E-10 Mn-54 7.96E-08 Fe-55 6.38E-08 Fe-59 2.80E-09 Co-58 1.94E-07 Co-60 9.92E-07 Total 4.56E-05 (a) Based on 6-months decay of input activities and mixed with one-third volume of solidification material.
(b)
- denotes activity less than 1.0E-20.
O I l
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t -0L TABLE 3.5-20 RADIOLOGICAL PROCESS AND EFFLUENT M0flITORS Monitor Function
,,.....-4 . -r a -
Component Cooling Water Monitor (2 ea) Detect leakage into component cooling water system. 335-f t (elev) level of Fuel liandling Bldg (FHB) Diagnostic, indicating need for addition sarveys. Service Water Monitor (2 ea) Detect leakage from component cooling water system. 335-ft level of FHB Diagnostic, indicating need for addition surveys. Steam Generator Blowdown Monitor Detect small primary to secondary leakage through 402-ft level of RAB steam generators. Diagnostic tool. CVCS Preholdup Monitor Indicates activity reactor coolant from gas stripper 362-ft level of RAB before routing to holdup tanks. Exceedence of set-points indicates need for additional surveys. CVCS Letdown Monitor Detect increased activity in reactor coolant. 373.5-ft level of RAB Exceedence of setpoints indicates need for addi-tional surveys. FHB Airborne Radiation Monitor Detects activity in FHB indicating need for verifica-417-ft level of FHB tion or additional surveys on set point exceedence. Containment Atmosphere / Purge Detect activity in either containment atmosphere Airborne Radiation Monitor (2 ea) or containment purge to identify leakage sources. 362.5-ft level of RB Steam Generator Blowdown Area Monitors (2 ea) Detect primary to secondary leakage. Setpoint 417.5-ft level of RAB exceedence indicates need for additional surveys. Indicates need to isolate steam generator with high leak rate. Refueling Pool Area Monitors (4 ea) Provides alarm for evacuation of refueling pool area on walls of refueling pool and automatically isolates containment purge lines.
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 3.5-20 (contd.) Mon itor Function Spent Fuel Pool Area Monitors (4 ea) Provides alarm for evacuation of spent fuel pool area 425-f t level of FHB and isolates FilB ventilation system. ! Plant Vent Radiation Monitors Sample and monitor particulates, sample halogens i 1 for each of 4 plant vents (iodine), and monitor radioactive gases in effluent air. Alann setpoints to prevent concentrations in excess of 10 CFR 20 limits. Alarm indicates need
- for additional surveys.
Administration Building Discharge Monitor Same as vent radiation monitors. 362.5-ft level of Admin Bldg Condenser Mechanical Vacuum Pump Discharge Monitor Samples for particulates and halogens and monitors 390-ft level of Turbine Bldg radioactive gas content. Alarm setpoints to prevent concentration in excess of 10 CFR 20 limits. Waste Gas Discharge Monitor Provide record of activity released during waste gas 362.5-ft level of RAB discharge. High alarm terminates discharge. Set-points established to prevent concentrations in excess of 10 CFR 20 limits. Auxiliary Condensate Flash Tank Monitor Detect in-leakage to auxiliary steam system and alert to the need for additional sampling. Waste Management System Discharge Monitor Provide record of activity released from waste 390-f t level of TB management system. If activity exceeds setpoint, established to prevent concentrations in excess of 10 CFR 20 limits, discharge is automatically terminated. Common Plant Effluent Monitor Provides record of radioactivity in common liquid outside building effluents. Alarm indicates need for additional analyses and/or cessation of discharge. O O O
L. TABLE 3.5-20 (contd.) Mon itor Function Sump and Secondary High Purity Discharge Monitor Provides record of activity in Sumps Nos. 2 and 10 , outside building and the secondary high purity water discharge. Alarm setpoints established to prevent concentrations from exceeding 10 CFR 20 limits. Neutralization Pond Influent Monitor Provides record of activity in discharge to 362.5-ft level of RAB neutralization pond. Alarm, with setpoints to prevent concentrations in excess of 10 CFR 20 limits, indicates need for additional sampling. .
- High radiation alann tenminates discharge to pond.
Groundwater Drain Area Monitor Providas record of activity in the RAB foundation ! drain. Setpoints as close as practicable to natural l background. Alarm indicates need for additional samples to determine reason for alarm. : I - i b U o k
1 ) O J a 3000 gpm lf lf l f lf REFUELING REFUELING SPENT I i POOL CANAL FUEL FUEL POOL COOLING HEAT EXCHANGER A
& I O i 300 gpm FUEL POOL II COOLING HEAT EXCHANGER B
& I O
g FILTER 10N r A lf lf lf O EXCHANGER A g FILTER ION
'r r- B EXCHANGER i B
POWE SUPPL SYSTEM FUEL P0OL C00LIflG AtlD CLEAft-UP SYSTEM FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM OPERATING LICENSE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
- I
FROM l FLOOR JL JL l DRAINS y y FLOOR FLOOR DRAIN DRAIN TANK TANK FILTER V V r k FROM CASK DECONTAMINATIONy DRAINS 5 N
\/ <
m CDECONTAMINATION $ EVAPORATOR ( i SAMPLE TANK d L V@ O V V V CONDESATE CONDENSATE TANK TANK TO PLANT WATER 2 V V REUSE ' 20 gpm TANK j WASHINGTON PUBLIC N CLEAR PRO EC No 3 FLOOR DRAIN SYSTEM BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM OPERATING LICENSE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 3.5-2
O O O DETERGENT WASTES TO SOLID g dk WASTE SYSTEM
+ v DETERGENT DETERGENT n
WASTE WASTE FILTER V v v c. U IOO gpm Ak FROM LAUNDRY DRAINS, HOT SHOWER DRAINS, AND HOT SINK DRAINS WASillNGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM DETERGENT WASTE SYSTEM BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE 3.5-3 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
l l l FROM LABORATORY DRAINS, CONDENSATE POLISHERS, AND STEAM V T
" INORGANIC INORGANIC NERAL Z CHEMICAL CHEMICAL WASTE WASTE []
N"M N#7 l FILTER V V L N 4 EVAPORATOR I DEMIN-ERALIZER O v v V V CONDENSATE CONDENSATE TANK TANK TO SECONDARY HIGH PURITY ; V V WASTE TANKS ' 30 gpm l WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM INORGANIC CHEMICAL WASTE SYSTEM FIGURE g NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM V OPERATING LICENSE 3.5-4 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
O FROM INORGANIC CHEMICAL WASTE CONDENSATE TANKS SECONDARY DRAINS , STEAM GENERATOR,
- BLOWDOWN L REGENERATION r RINSE WATER AND CONDENSATE V V P0 USHER REGENERA- O TION RINSE WATER WASTE WASTE (LOW DISSOLVED TANK TANK SOLIDS AND A B PARTICULATES) FILTER 4 y v g>
O ,, ,, N SAMPLE SAMPLE g TANK TANK u A B g
\/ N/ 5 3
) TO DEMINERALIZEDj WATER STORAGE , TJ V 8 TANK 100gpm (y V PO ER SUPPLY SYSTEM SECONDARY HIGH PURITY WASTE SYSTEM FicURE O- NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM 3.5-5
O FROM STEAM GENERATOR A BLOWDOWN r AND COPOENSATE 3p qr POLISHERS SECONDARY SECONIARY PARTICULATE PARTICULATE WASTE WASTE TANK TANK FILTER y lf lf ac r h[ l if 9F SAMPLE SAMPLE TANK TANK TO DEMINERALIZED, qf qr WATER STORRE , TANK 100 g p m t POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM SEC0i1DARY PARTICULATE WA5TE SYSTEM
'vj NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM FIGURE i
OPERATING LICENSE 3.5-6 l ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
O O O WASTE
--) GAS COMPRESSOR
--)
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-> SURGE TANK
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-) GAS COMPRESSOR
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FROM GAS AERATED --h COLLECTION p % TANKS HEADER WASillNGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM GASEOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPEllATING LICENSE 3.5-7 ENVIRONMENT AL i1EPORT
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FIGURE 3.5-8
. Rel as2 Point Normal R) lease Elevatten Flow Rate Point (Ft. MSL) (cfa) Systems / Components Exhaustrd 1 501.0 67,150 RAB Main Ventilation System Diesel Generator Area Ventilation System.
3 (ECCS/FHB Filtered exhaust, SBVS) 2 483.3 4,800 Control Room and Electric Battery Room q Air Conditioning Vent Train B 3 483.3 4,800 Control Room and Electric Battery Room Air Conditioning Vent Train A 4 502.8 105.635 RAB Main Ventilation System, Fuel Handling Bldg Ventilation System Diesel Generator Area Ventilation System (ECCS/ FPS Filtered Exhaust. SBVS) 5 485.0 140,000 Turbine Building Ventilation System 6 485.0 140,000 Turbine Building Ventilation System 7 470.0 1,565 Administration Building Air Conditioning Vent 8 470.0 5,165 Administration Building Air Conditioning Vent 9 425.0 19,600 Administration Building Vent (CU-51) 10 497.0 1,510 Vent from the Main Turbine Lube Oil Reservoir 11 497.0 100 (each) Feed Pump Lube Oil System Vent (2 release points next to each other) 12 497.0 70 Tureine Generator Loop Seal Tank 13 497.0 Natural Lube Oil Batch Tank Vent Ventilation 14 435.0 Natural Refueling Water Storage Tanks A and B Ventilation 15 432.0 Natural Reactor Makeup Storage Tank Ventilation 16 485.0 79,300 Diesel Generator Exhaust-d (Normal Path) 17 409.3 79,300 Diesel Generator Exhaust-B (Alternate Path) 18 409.3 79,300 Diesel Generator Exhaust-A (Alternate Path) 19 485.0 79,300 Diesel Generator Exhaust-A (Normal Path) 20 429.0 Natural Diesel Oil Storage Tank A Ventilation 21 429.0 Natural Diesel Oil Storage Tank B Ventilation 22 413.0 Natural Diesel Generator Day Tank A ( Ventilation 23 413.0 Natural Diesel Generator Day Tank B Ventilation 24 404.3 Natural Diesel Generator Lube Oil Tank A l Ventilation l l 25 404.3 Natural Diesel Generator Lube Oil Tank B m Ventilation WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM WNP-3 GASEOUS EFFLUENT RELEASE POINTS FIGURE NUCLEAR PMOJECT No. 3 (SHEET 2 CF 2) OPERATING LICENSE 3.5-8 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
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M gagg?g ! e come ves e [ f u llalos l ' es.re teme t.t ase _ u 2_. t E EF v v il i] _.a,,- - WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM WNP-3 ER-OL SOLID WASTE SYSTEM FLOW DIAGRAf1 FIGURE 3.5-9
WNP-3 ER-OL o (v ) 3.6 CHEMICAL AND BIOCIDE SYSTEMS This section discusses the sources and treatment of chemical wastes result-ing from plant operation. The anticipated water quality of the makeup and discharge is described in Table 3.6-1 and water treatment additives used in plant systems are listed in Table 3.6-2. The applicable discharge limita-tions are stipulated by the NPDES Permit included in Appendix A. 3.6.1 Makeup Demineralizer System The Makeup Demineralizer System processes raw water from the plant Makeup Water System to produce high quality demineralized water. The demineralized water is required for Primary and Secondary System makeup and other miscel-laneous plant uses. The Makeup Demineralizer System consists of two cross-cannected demineral-izer trains, each with a normal capacity of 250 gpm and a maximum capacity of 375 gpm. Each demineralizer train consists of a cation exchange unit, an anion exchange unit, and a mixed-bed ion exchange unit. The cation exchange units are followed by a forced-draft deaerator. The demineralizer trains are regenerated on the basis of ionic exhaustion or throughput. Each train is expected to have a throughput of about 280,000 i gallons. The resins are first backflushed to remove suspended material. , -m Cation resin is regenerated with dilute sulfuric acid (2 to 4 weight per-t cent). Anion resin is regenerated with dilute sodium hydroxide (4 weight [V) percent). Af ter regeneration the resins are rinsed to remove excess regen-erant solution. The backflush water, spent regenerant solution, and rinse water are transf erred to the low volume waste treatment system. The waste will contain suspended material, ionic inpurities originating fron the plant makeup water and excess regeneration reagents. The low-volume waste treat-ment system is described in Subsection 3.6.7 below. 3.6.2 Conclensate Demineralizer System The Condensate Demineralizer System processes secondary system feedwater to remove suspended material and ionic impurities. The system consists of 12 mixed-bed demineralizer units with 10 in service and 2 in standby as spares. The demineralizer units are removed from service based on throughput, pressure drop across the beds, or ionic exhaustion. The resins are trans-f erred to a separate f acility for regeneration. In the cation regeneration tank the resins are first backfluched to remove suspended matter. The anion resin is separated from the cation resin by classification and transferred to the anion regeneration tank for regeneration. The cation resin is regenerated with dilute sulfuric acid, and the anion resin is regenerated with dilute sodium hydroxide. The resins are then rinsed to remove excess regenerant solution. The anion resin is additionally treated with dilute antnonium hydroxide to prevent sodium ion leakage during service. Following regeneration the resins are transferred to the resin mixing tank where they are mixed and stored until required.
) 3.6-1 V
i ! 1
WNP-3 ER-OL The waste will contain suspended material, consisting primarily of corrosion products f rom plant heat transf er surf aces, excess regenerants and rinse water. The waste is normally transf erred to the low-volume waste treatment system for treatment and subsequent disposal. During nonnal operations portions of the waste, including the backflush and the rinse water, can be processed in the SHP and SPWS (see Subsection 3.5.2.1) for reuse in the pl ant . Additionally, when primary to secondary system leakage occurs resulting in radioactive contamination of the condensate demineralizer system the waste is processed in the radwaste system. 3.6.3 Corrosion Control Hydrazine is used in several plant systems to remove residual oxygen and as a corrosion inhibitor. During normal operation the concentration of hydra-zine in the Secondary System feedwater is maintained in the range of 10 to 50 ppm. Hydrazine reacts with oxygen to yield nitrogen and water. Hydra-zine decomposes to nitrogen and annonia at higher temperatures. Essentially all of the hydrazine reacts or decomposes such that only trace quantities are released from the system. Hydrazine is similarly used in the Primary System and the Auxiliary Boiler. The hydrazine concentration in the primary coolant is maintained in the range of 30 to 50 ppm at any time the temperature of the coolant is less than 1500F. Most of the hydrazine utilized in the above applications decomposes or is oxidized. Any hydrazine released from these 'vstems es a result of leakage or other mode of release is removed by subsequent treatment in the radwaste or secondary high purity waste treatment systems. Since hydrazine is a strong reducing agent its residual time is limited. Ammonia is used to control pH in the Secondary Feedwater System, the Com-ponent Cooling Water System and the Auxiliary Boiler. The corrosion rate for steel is less at higher pH. In the Auxiliary Boiler System, ammonia provides the required cenductivity for proper operation. As with hydrazine, any leakage f rom these systems is removed by subsequent treatment. 3.6.4 Biocide Control Biocid control for the plant circulating water systems is provided by the l addition of sodium hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite solution is injected at the intake to the circulating water pumps to produce a maximum concentra-tion of 3 ppm (as chlorine) in the circulating water. Treatment periods vary from 20 to 30 minutes in duration. The treatment may be repeated up to twice daily depending on the biological activity in the cooling tower and the circulating water system. The maximum daily requirements for sodium hypochlorite will be approximately 800 pounds (as chlorine). The estimated average daily requirements will be less than 200 pounds (as chlorine). 3.6-2 O
l i UNP-3 ER-OL (mU) Any residual chlorine (from sodium hypochlorite) remaining in the cooling tower blowdown is neutralized with sulfur dioxide before discharge from the pl ant. Since the residual chlorine concentration is expected to be about 0.02 ppm the contribution of sulf ate to the blowdown will be minimal. 3.6.5 Scaling Control Sulfuric acid is added to the Circulating Water System (cooling tower) make-up, to prevent scaling. The acid injection system includes two positive displacement acid injection pumps, each with a maximum capacity of 35 gal-lons per hour. The quantity of acid required will depend upon the analysis of the makeup water. Sulfuric acid is also used to control scaling in the HVAC cooling towers. Blowdown f rom the HVAC cooling towers is transferred to the Low-Volume Waste Treatment System for additional treatment prior to disposal. The combined blowdown from the HVAC cooling towers is approximately 15 gpm. 3.6.6 Low-Volume Waste Treatment The Low-Volume Waste Treatment Sy., tem receives regeneration waste from the Condensate Demineralizer System and the Makeup Demineralizer System. Smaller quantities of waste may be received from the radwaste system and the secondary high-purity waste treatment system. During normal operation treated liquid radwaste is recycled for use in the primary system. This (Q d 5 waste is treated by filtration, demineralization, and evaporation to produce high quality water. Infrequently, because of excess plant water inventory, small quantities of this waste water along with secondary high-purity waste may be discharged to the Low-Volume Waste Treatment System. The low-volume waste is treated in the neutralization basin where the waste is neutralized to a pH in the range of 6 to 8.5, by the addition of sodium hydroxi de. A substantial amount of sedimentation also occurs in the neu-tralization basin. The waste is discharged to the cooling tower blowdown line at a rate of approximately 300-400 gpm. 3.6.7 Miscellaneous Chemicals Released During construction, storm drainage and construction water runoff was treated by flocculation and sedimentation prior to discharge from the site. The pH of the drainage and runoff was adjusted with sulfuric acid. Flocculation and sedimentation was aided by the addition of polyelectrolyte flocculation reagents. It is expected that use of the equalization and sedimentation basins will not be needed during the plant operation phase. Prior to startup, plant piping and equipment is cleaned by flushing with plant makeup or demineralized water. Flushing water will contain small quantities of hydrazine, metal oxides (rust), and other suspended material. Following any required treatment and analysis, the waste is pumped to the equalization basin and released through the sedimentation basin. ,o (v) 3.6-3
WNP-3 ER-OL Chemical reagents used in plant laboratories are routed from the laboratory drains to the Radwaste System f or processing. The drains are segregated as foll ows: primary sample drains, secondary sample drains, hot laboratory drains, and cold laboratory drains. There are no normal releases from the Radwaste System which is discussed in Section 3.5. 1 l 9 t O 3.5-4 O
k'NP-3/5 ER-OL TABLE 3.6-1 j WATER QUALITY PARAETERS - INTAKE AND OISCHARGE Intake Well Total Combined Oischarge Ave Max Ave Max sill a.s!1 Calcium 12.0 13.1 72.0 97.1 Magnesium 4.3 4.8 25.8 35.4 Sodium 6.0 6.5 36.0 164 Potassium 0.70 0.77 4.08 5.67 Chloride 4.2 4.2 25.2 31.7 Fluoride 0.113 0.122 0.68 0.90 Sulfate 2.8 2.8 300 560 Phosphorus 0.142 0.240 0.85 1.66 Ammonia N 0.014 0.028 0.08 0.19 NO3 and NO2 N 0.51 0.54 3.06 4.02 011 and Grease < 1.0 < 1.0 < 1. 0 < 1.0 Chlorine (tot. residual) <0.05 .i Alkalinity (as CACO3 ) 56 64 76 86
- Hardness (as CACO3 ) 54 60 324 360 l TDS 134 1150 1356 t
US 1 6 8 pH 6.9 7.5 7.1 8.5 ug/l ug/l Barium 4.0 12.0 24.0 78.2 Cadmium < 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.4 Chromium 0.6 1.2 23.1 28.4 Copper < 1.0 7.0 21.5 61.3 Iron 16.0 90 183 655 Lead <1.0 < 1.0 < 6.0 7.5 Manganese 1.0 4.0 8.2 27.8 Mercury < 0.2 0.7 1.2 4.5 Nickel < 1.0 10.0 18.6 74.1
. Zinc < 5.0 7.0 31.2 56.9 (a) Compiled from Environmental Monitoring Program reports 1978-1980 (References 2.2-2, 2.2-3, and 2.2-4) and Metals Monitoring Program report (Reference 2.4-6.)
(b)lncludes concentrated makeup water, corrosion products, treatment additives, and low-volume waste. i
WNP-3 ER-OL ' TABLE 3.6-2 WATER TREATPENT ADDITIVES Annual Quantities Additive Systems Served Purpose (lbs/yr) Ave Max Hydrazine Primary Coolant Oxygen Scaverging and 10,000 16,000 (As 35 wt % solution) Condensate and Feedwater Corrosion Inhibitor Component Cooling Water Auxiliary Boiler System Ammonia Condensate and Feedwater pH Control and Cor- 300,000 400,000 (As 29 wt % solution) Component Cooling Water rosion Inhibitor Auxiliary Boiler Sodium Hydroxide Makeup Demineralizer Resin Regeneration 175,000 250,000 ( As 50 wt % solution) Condensate Polishing pH Control and Adjust-Low Volume Waste Treatment ment Chemical and Volume Control l Radwaste System Sulfuric Acid Makeup Demineralizer Resin Regeneration 2,700,000 3,000,000 (As 93 wt % solution) Condensate Polishing pH Control and Adjust-Circulating Water System ment Storm and Construction Runoff Polyelectrolyte Storm and Construction Flocculation and 20,000 42,000 (Magnafloc 573C liquid) Runoff Sodimentation l Sodium Hypochlorite Circulating Water Biocide Treatment 160,000 250,000 ( As 15 wt 1 solution) Potable Water l Sulfur Dioxide Circulating Water Chlorine Neutralization 10,000 12,000 l (Compressed Gas) l l Hydrogen Primary System Oxygen Scavenger 3,000 4,000 (Liquefied Gas) Turoine-Generator Coolant Nitrogen Chemical and Volume Cover Gas 15,000 20,000 (Liquefied Gas) Control Purge Gas Gaseous Waste System Carbon Dioxide Turbine-Generator Purge Gas 4,000 6,000 (Liquefied Gas) Fire Protection Fire Retardant Boric Acid Primary Coolant Chemical Shim 1,000 2,000 (Crystalline Powder) O
1 WNP-3 ER-OL ("\ \ ) 3.7 SANITARY AND OTHER WASTE SYSTEMS l l 3.7.1 Sanitary Waste Treatment 1 The Sanitary Waste Treatment System consists of two packaged sewage treat-ment plants, a drainfield and all necessary forwarding (lift) stations. The sewage treatment units utilize the extended aeration - activated sludge pro-cess. One unit has a nominal capacity of 20,000 gpd; the other unit has a nominal capacity of 30,000 gpd. The units were sized in this manner to pro-vide adequate treatment during the construction phase of the plant and for the greatly reduced loadings expected to occur later during plant opera-tion. The design basis for sanitary waste treatment f acility is 40 gallons per capita day and 0.07 pounds per capita day of 5-day BOD. Sanitary waste is transferred from its sources to the sewage treatment plants by gravity and by wet pit type lift stations. Five lift stations have been provided for this purpose and will be used as required during plant operation. In the sewage treatment plant the waste is first processed through a commi-nuter where the larger solids are reduced in size by maceration. The ef-fluent from the comminuter section is course screened and discharged to the effluent basin. From the influent basin the waste is transferred via the
- p. surge tank to the aeration tank. The influent basin and surge tank provide a means of flow equalization and control.
The aeration tank provides a minimum of 24 hours waste retention time under aerated conditions. Air for mixing, biological treatment, and air operated components is supplied by two positive displacement air blowers 'per unit). Air is supplied to the aeration tank to maintain the solids in suspension and provide a dissolved oxygen concentration of approximately 2.0 mg/1. The aeration tank is also equipped with a surf ace froth and foam control system. Effluent from the aerati n tank is processed through a grease trap and dis-charged to the clarifier tank. The clarifier tank provides a minimum reten-tion period of three hours, adequate to allow effective sludge separation and removal. A portion of the sludge, sufficient to produce the required purification in the available aeration time, is returned to the aeration t ank . The remaining sludge is transferred to the digester tank (aerated sludge holding tank). One digester tank serves both sewage treatment units. The digester has a capacity of approximately 3000 gallons. The digester tank design includes a cover ana flame arresting gas vent. Air diffusers are provided to promote mixing and to supply air for sludge digestion. Supernatent liquid is re-turned to the clarifier through an overflow pipe. Accumulated sludge (about 3500 gallons) is removed for off-site disposal once every three months (construction phate experience with less frequent removal expected during operation phase). (j 3.7-1
WNP-3 ER-OL Overflow from the clarifier tank flows by gravity to a forwarding station and is pumped to the drain field for disposal. The drainfield consists of three separate component drainfields each capable of handling 16,000 gpd, all dosed in sequence to provide rest periods. The drainfield design in-cludes the capability to isolate component drainfields during low-flow peri ods. Each field consists of twenty-seven 100-foot laterals in grouos of nine and served by distribution boxes which provide equal flow. 3.7.2 Emeraency Diesel Encines Exhaust The Emergency Diesel Engines are tested on a monthly basis. During the test, each engine is operated for approximately two hours. Two Emergency Diesel Engines and one diesel driven fire pump has been provided for the plant. The following emmissions are estimated for these units: a) Nitrous Oxides - 2.9 lbs/106 Btu b) Sulfur - 0.3 lbs/106 Btu c) Ash - 0.1 lbs/106 Btu Since these units are operated infrequently they will not contribute to atmospheric pollution problems. O f 3.7-2
I WNP-3
- ER-OL i
3.8 REPORTING OF RADI0 ACTIVE MATERIAL MOVEMENT l The transportation of cold fuel to the reactor, irradiated fuel from the
- reactor to a fuel reprocessing plant, and solid radioactive wastes from j- the reactor to waste burial grounds is within the scope of 10 CFR Part 51.20(g). The environmental impacts of such transportation are described
{. by Table 5.4 of 10 CFR Part 51. I l 4 l i l 4 i l l i ) i 4
)
i i A 1 4 0 ! 3.8-1 c
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!!NP-3 ER-OL f)N
( 3. 9 TRANSMISSION FACILITIES 3.9.1 Transmission Line Description 3.9.1.1 Location Two transmission lines will be constructed between WNP-3 and the Bonne-ville Power Administration (BPA) Satsop substation. System requirements beyond the Satsop substation are evaluated, designed and built by BPA. The substation (Elev 310 ft MSL) is located approximately 3000 feet north of WNP-3 and adjacent to the BPA Olympia-Aberdeen transmission corri~ dor. One transmission line will be a 500kV line from the 500kV disconnect switches on the plant island to the 500kV bus in the substation. The - other line will be a 230kV line from the substation to the 230kV discon-nect switches at the plant. The 230kV line will be an underground low-pressure oil-filled cable. Figure 2.1-1 shows the relative locations of the plant and the BPA substation. The right-of-way lies completely within the project boundaries and crosses no public roads. 3.9.1.2 Rou ti r.g
, The transmission lines between the plant and BPA's Satsop substation will satisfy the requirements of NRC General Design Criteria 17. These lines and their interconnection with the BPA system are shown in Figure 3.9-1.
O V The 500kV line for WNP-3 will be connected, via the 500kV switchyard bus, to a new 500kV BPA transmission line which will extend approximately 46 miles to BPA's Paul switchyard. This line will parallel the existing Aberdeen-Olympia-Paul corridor. It will be single-circuit except for a six mile double-circuit section located west of Olympia. The double-circuit section will be shared with the Satsop-Olympia 230'cV #2 line (see Figure 3.9-1). The two existing Olympia-Aberdeen 230kV lines will be looped into the Satsop 230kV switchyard and connected in a modified breaker and a half bus configuration to the 230kV lines feeding each plant. The length of each of these lines from Satsop to Olympia is approximately 27 miles (see Figure 3.9-1). The Olympia-Aberdeen corridor, which passes north of the plant, will con-tain the following transmission f acilities: the Cosmopolis - South Elma 115kV line the Satsop - Olympia No. 2 230kV line the Satsop - Olympia No. 3 230kV line the Satsop - Aberdeen No. 2 230kV line the Satsop - Aberdeen No. 3 230kV line the Satsop - Paul 500kV line O V 3.9-1 l l l
WNP-3 ER-OL Although there will be crossings of the transmission lines and some multi-ple circuits, no single contingency will leave less than two power sources feeding the Satsop substation. This is due to the routing and the spacing of the transmission lines. Further reliability is provided by intercon-nection through an auto transf ormer of the 500 and 230kV buses in the Satsop substation. 3.9.1.3 Structures The transmission line structures between the plant and the Satsop substa-tion will be constructed of lattice steel in a single circuit delta con fi guration. The towers will be about 120 feet high and 40 feet wide.
. Land requirements f or each tower will average 400 square feet.
- 3. 9.2 Environmental Parameters The environmental parameters associated with the transmission system beyond th9 $atsop substation have been evaluated by BPA as owner /
operator.ll) The environmental effects of a transmission syytgm were also evaluated generically by the BPA in its Draf t Role EIS.t21 The following discussion addresses principally the lines between the plant and the substation. 3.9.2.1 Land Use The tra.ismission lines are located in a previously forested area which was cleared to make laydown area for plant construction. Because the lines are within the project boundaries, use of the land will continue to be limited to activities associated with plant operation. 3.9.2.2 Aesthetics That portion of transmission lines on hicher ground near the plant may be visible from State Route 12. However, the transmission structures will not be seen in isolation from the much larger plant structures.
- 3. 9 . 2. 3 Corona Effects Corona loss is the loss of energy to the atmosphere caused by localized electrical discharges from an energized conductor; these usually result from small irregularities or foreign particles (e.g., dust or water drop-lets) on the conductor surf ace. The result is a breakdown of the air immediately adjacent to the conductors and eff ects associated with this highly stressed air include audible noide, radio interference, and ozone produc ti on.
, Audible noise due to the corona phenomenon may be evident in the area immediately beneath and adjacent to the 500kV line. It wili be most r,cticeable in fog or drizzling rain, however, it will not be detectable off-site. Electrical noise causing radio and television interference may 3.9-2
WNP-3 i ER-OL i also be a consideration in low signal strength areas. Since the lines are completely within the project boundaries, the public will not be affected by electrical noise. The corona discharge may also produce ozone by chemical reaction in the small volume of air surrounding the conductor Reported research has shown the ozone concentrations around high vo tg be a neglible contribution to ambient levels 2)ge (765 kV and higher) to 3.9.2.4 Electric Currents and Magnetic Fields Field effects from transmission lines stem from electric and magnetic fields in the proximity of high-voltage conductors carrying electric cur-rents; high voltage creates the electric field and currents in the conduc-tors create the magnetic field. The magnitude of the induced voltage and associated ground-discharge current due to the electrostatic field depend on the the line voltage, the size of the object being charged, and the object's distance from the line conductors. The magnitude of induced cur-rent due to the electromagnetic field depends on the load current in the conductors, the orientation and length of the object, and its distance from the conductors. While research on the possible effects of magnetic fields and induced currents is continuing, available information does not provide any ex tation of quantifiable impacts resulting from the lines serving WNP-3. O m 3.9-3
WNP-3 l ER-OL References f or Section 3.9
- 1. Environmental Statement, Fiscal Year 1976 Prooosed Prooram, Bonneville Power Administration, Department of the Interior,1976.
- 2. The Role of the Bonneville Power Administration in the Pacific Northwest Power Supply System, Accendix B, BPA Power Transmission, Bonneville Power Administration, Department of the Interior, July 22, 1977, pp VII-46 through VII-74.
O. h 3.9-4 i
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g l OLYuPla-PAut l Ut0EAGAouto 500KV [ casti l sarsor-Paut soony XX l N PofutAo Y W4P3 O sTAsoof TRAts WNP-3 loomy PAUL Q 7 @- V V ALLSTON i
) WASHINGTON PUBLIC *
,/ POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM SATS0P SUBSTATI0fi INTEGRATI0t1
~
FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 OPERATING LICENSE 3.9-1 ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT
WNP-3 ER-OL
/ ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF SITE PREPARATION The anticipated environmental effects of site preparation and plant and transmission line (switchyard to plant) construction were described in 4
Chapter (1)of both and thethe Environmental Final Report-Constrygtion Environmental Permit Statement.lO Site Stage preparation (ER-CP) was initiated with receipt of a Limited Work Authorization (LWA) from the NRC in April 1977. As construction proceeded, decisions were made to add or delete f acilities and modify construction practices. Some of these decisions were in response to construction requirements; others were in response to natural conditions. The following discussion highlights the changes in plant construction, and the related environmental impacts, relative to the expectations at the Construction Permit stage. . The ER-CP (Subsection 4.1.2.1) described plans to control erosion from disturbed areas. The State of Washington considered these plans and imposed an effluent limitation of 50 mg/l total suspended solids from the construction site. To meet this limitation, a 15.6 acre equalizing reservoir and 5 acre settling pond (using a polyolectrolyte flocculant) were constructed, instead of a planned series of retention basins, the largest of which was 17.8 acres. Temporary ditches around the site perimeter were constructed in the surmier of 1977 to deliver site runoff to the equalization pond. A record rainfall in late August 1977 (5.1 inches for month vs.1.5 inches long-term average) necessitated signifi- [~ cantly greater measures than were planned to control the resultant (~ erosion. Initially, settling ponds were constructed on the Hyatt and Purgatory Creek watersheds and these ponds quickly filled with sediment. It was later necessary to suspend construction work on the site in November 1977, and apply all energies to erosion control until into January 1978. The ultimate solution was a series of ponds on the water-sheds with upper ponds to collect suspended sediment and a downstream pond which was pumped to the large equalization pond at the north of the central site area (see Figure 3.1-3). Critical slopes on the site total-ing approximately 25 acres were covered with reinforced plastic. Both Stein Creek' to the south of the plant,,islgnd and Fuller Creek to the north experienced siltation impacts.W 41 A fish mitigation effort was later implemented with the cooperation of the State Departments of Fish and Game. The lessons learned during the fall / winter of 1977-1978 have been applied in subsequent construction activities. The ER-CP discusses the compact site and coordinated construction sched- , uling. Early in the construction effort it became clear that additional . l laydown area was needed beyond what the central site area could provide. l Two alternatives were developed. One 12-acre laydown area called Saginaw was developed adjacent to an existing railroad spur approximately three miles east of the site along the South Bank Road. The South Bank Road wu upgraded with the cooperation of Grays Harbor County. When no longer , required, the Saginaw laydown area gravel surfacing will be removed and l the area returned to approximately its original condition as pasture. ! 1 > , v l 4.0-1 l l
WNP-3 ER-OL Such rehabilitation is stipulated in the lease with the land owner. He may also opt to leave it in its present condition. An additional 79 acres of laydown area was developed onsite on the terrace west of Fuller Creek. This area includes six warehouses which may be maintained to sup-port the operations phase. At the CP stage a railroad was proposed to extend from the plant island west along Hyatt Creek to the Union Pacific Railroad in the vicinity of Elizabeth Creek. To minimize earthwork, a crawler haul road was con-structed and used instead of the railroad to deliver the NSSS components to the site. The same right-of-way is used for the makeup water line and provides a maintenance access road to Ranney collectors (see Subsection 3.4.5 ). To f acilitate access to the plant, the Supply System and the County agreed to substantially upgrade Keyes Road, Keyes Road has provided a secondary access for construction workers and also provides secondary access to the Emergency Operations Facility (EOF). The E0F is a new NRC requirement since the CP was issued in April 1978. The WNP-3 EOF is lo-cated about 0.8 mi NNW of the plant as shown on Figure 2.1-1. Construc-tion is expected to begin in September 1982. As part of the design to place Ranney collectors in the Chehalis aquifer (see Figures 3.4-5 and 3.4-6) limited bank protection features have been constructed. Features constructed have not been entirely successful. The objective is to provide minimum protection for the immediate well areas without substantially affecting flood flows. It is anticipated that additional riprap protection will be placed during the surmiers of 1982 and 1983. At the time of the CP, the Supply System proposed an environmental con-trol program which relied heavily on the Architect-Engineer's Construc-tion Management Organization. During the 1977-1978 erosion episode the Supply System substantially upgraded the control program and brought it within the Supply System organization. During critical earthwork years, the staffing level peaked at seven and site inspections were conducted twice daily with environmental staff onsite anytime earthwork activities were being conducted. This effort has tapered-off substantially as earth-work scope has decreased. In April 1982 the onsite full-time environ-mental staff numbered three. Their responsibilities include operation of water and waste treatment f acilities as well as the control program. The ER-CP estimated a peak site construction work force of 2100 to 2300 construction workers. In April 1982 there were 2650 craftworkers and 2100 non-manual onsite. The site work force was then near the peak for , the single-unit construction. l 4.0-2
_ . = . . . - . .. - - - - _ .--
- WNP-3
- ER-0L References for Chapter 4
- 1. Environmental Report-Construction Permit Stage, WPPSS Nuclear Project Number 3, Docket Nos. 50-508/509, Washington Public Power Supply Sys-tem, Richland, Washington,1974.
- 2. Final Environmental Statement, Washington Public Power Supply System Projects 3 and 5, Docket Nos. 50-508/509, NUREG-75/053, U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., June 1975.
- 3. Jeane II, G. S. and L. L. King, Erosion Control at Satsop, WNP-3 and i WNP-5, August 1977 to March 1978, WPPSS-EP0-81, Washington Public
, Power Supply System, Richland, Washington, December 1978.
- 4. Siltation Impact Evaluation in the Vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Envirosphere Co.,
j Bellevue, Washington,1978. i l I 1 1 i 1 i h 4 i i . i I ! l .O l 4.0-3 { ! ! i
WNP-3 ER-OL l ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF STATION OPERATION v I 5.1 EFFECTS OF OPERATION OF HEAT DISSIPATION SYSTEM i The heat dissipation system is described in Section 3.4. This section
, discusses the physical and biological effects of system operation.
5.1.1 Effluent Limitations and Water Quality Standards The Water Quality Standards of the State of Washington (l) classify the reach of the Chehalis River in the vicinity of the plant as " Class A (Ex-cellent)". The standards specify that the increase in water temperature outside a specified mixing zone shall not exceed t = 28/(T + 7), where t is the permissible increase and T is the existing water temperature in OC. When the ambient water temperature exceeds 18.00C the maximum permissible increase is 0.30C. Discharges from WNP-3 are controlled to comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit (see Appendix A) issued by the State of Washington in coQpliance with Chapter 155, laws of 1973 (RCW 90.48), as amended, and the Clean Water Act (PL 95-217), as amended. This permit incorporates the Water Quality Standards and establishes a dilution zone with longitudinal boundaries 50 feet upstream and 100 feet downstream from the diffuser and lateral boundaries 25 feet from the midpoint of the O
/ diffuser. Vertically, the dilution zone extends from the surface to the river bottom. Consistent with the applicable guideline of 40 CFR Part 432, the permit limits the temperature of the blowdown to the lowest tem-perature of the recirculated cooling water prior to the addition of makeup water. In addition, the permit specifies that when ambient river tempera-tures are 200C or less, the discharge temperature shall be 200C or less and shall not exceed the ambient temperature by more than 150C; and when tne ambient river temperatures are greater than 200C, the discharge i temperature shall be equal to or less than the ambient temperature. No discharge is permitted when downstream velocities are less than 0.3 feet per second (fps).
5.1.2 Physical Effects l The thermal dispersion characteristics of the multiport bigwqown diffuser were studied using a hydraulic model with a scale of 1:12.t2/ The studies were conducted to support the dilution zone definition in the NPDES Permit and, consequently, focused on abnormal conditions. These conditions included minimum recorded daily flowrates for the Chehalis River and temperatures which are exceeded 99 percent of the time. These conditions are shown in Tables 2.4-1 and 2.4-5 and may be compared with the average data listed in the same tables. It should be noted that the sumer low flows thich were used are less than the once-in 10-yr, 7-day low flow of 530 cfs reported in Figure 2.4-3. The plant operating param-eters that were modelled are shown in Table 3.4-1. b v 5.1-1
WNP-3 ER-OL Additional conservatism is provided by the f act that the above-mentioned model tests were conducted primarily for two-unit (both WNP-3 and WNP-5) I operation. Some results are shown in Figures 5.1-1 through 5.1-3. Fig-ures 5.1-1 and 5.1-2 are for two-unit operation in January and August, respectively. Figure 5.1-2 can be compared with Figure 5.1-3 which de-picts the August isothems with only a single unit operating. A critical period for meeting water quality standards is expected to be October when the fic,ws are low and the initial temperature differences are greatest. However, as shown in Table 5.1-1, dilution zone boundary temperatures are predicted to meet water quality standards in every month. The river reach in the vicinity of the discharge is subject to flow stag-nation and reversal during the infrequent coincidence of low river flow and extreme high tides. Several cases (e.g., river flow @ 440 cf's, Aber-deen tide @ 5.6 ft MSL) resulting in the stagnation or reversal phenomena were studied using the hydraulic model. However, the results are not dis-cussed here because, as noted in Subsection 5.1.1, the NPDES Permit pro-hibits discharges when downstream river velocities go under 0.' fps. The unidirectional flow examples discussed above provide predictions of the seasonal variation of blowdown plume temperatures under severe condi-tions (low river flow, large initial temperature differences). The near-and intermediate-field temperatures of the dilution zone are seen to com-ply with water quality standards (see Table 5.1-1). Bulk river tempera-tures in the f ar-field will be increased no more than 0.050C in any sea-son due to the maximum incremental addition of approximately 10,000 Btu /sec of heat in the blowdown f rom WNP-3. 5.1.3 Biological Effects 5.1.3.1 Intake Structure Effects Two subsurface infiltration-type intake structures (Ranney collector wells) located on the south bank of the Chehalis River near River Mile 18 will supply makeup water for WNP-3. Impingement and entrainmeg organisms is precluded by the use of the collector wells.\g)ofLoss aquatic of aquatic habitat and benthic macroinvertebrates due to drawdown of the river channel (0.1 ft or less in an area with tidal fluctuations of 2 or more ft) will be negligible. Nearby Elizabeth Creek may become dry in the f all blocking the stream to both anadromous and resident fish. The number of annual juvenile coho and chum that would be lost as a result of this blockage was estjggted to be 0.1% of the total run and is considered an acceptable loss.1 / The detual impact on coho and chum is probably less than previously estimated because of earcutting in the upper Elizabeth Creek watershed during 1973 to 1976. This has increased siltation, and along with numerous other obstacles (eg. f allen trees), has decreased the spawnigg) potential from approximately 47 redds in 1968-1969 to 4 in 1980-1981.t 5.1-2 O
WNP-3 ER-0L 5.1.3.2 Effects of Thermal Effluents D) ( U Thermal eff ects of the WNP-3 blowdown discharge are expected to be negli-gible f rom either a temperature increase or from " cold shock". Thermal eff ects involve two f actors: (1) the change in water temperature above or below ambient and (2) the duration of exposure of the organisms to the change in temperature. Temperature, because of its direct and/or indirect effects, is a principal f actor determining the suitability of a habitat for aquatic organisms. The introduction of heated water into an aquatic ecosystem may cause some biological changes that will affect metabolism, development, growth, reprgduction, and mortality. These effects are docu-mented in the literature.t6-8) The tolerance of organisms to any tem-perature change is species specific and depends on the magnitude of the change and the duration of the exposure, as well as previous temperature acclimation. Periphyton and Phytoplankton The compositions of the periphyton and phytoplankton communities in the Chehalis River are typically at a subclimax level of growth because of the turbulent river flow, seasonal low water temperature and high turbidity. The periphyton and phytoplankton population in the Chehalis River is domi-nated by diatoms and blue-green algae, particularly in the warm summer months. Table 5.1-2 shows the thermal tolerance limits of periphyton and phytoplankton species typical of the Lower Chehalis River Basin. As shown in Figee 5.1-2, under an extremely low river flow, the temperature rise (G) U above ambient will be less than 1.00C within a few feet of the diffuser ports . This rapid dilution of the discharge ensures that species inhabit-ing the area near the diffuser will not be affected. Nor will there be a significant long-term effect on the periphyton and phytoplankton community of the river. These organisms are abundant throughout the river system and their rate of productivity is high. Thus, losses, if any, would prob-ably be rapidly compensated by upstream sources with no measureable effect on the entire ecosystem. Benthic Macroinvertebrates The upper temperature limits for the majority of benthic organisms re-ported to occur in the Chehalis River appear to be in the range of 29.0 to 34.50C, with tolerance somewhat dependent on the species, stage of de-velopment, and acclimation temperature (see Table 5.1-3). Curry (13) found the upper thermal tolerance of several families of aquatic dipterans i to be in the range of 30 to 330C. Caddisfly larvae, and stonefly and mayfly nymphs acclimated to 100C had a 96-hour median tolerance to tem-peratures ranging from 21.1 to 30.50C, with mayflies being the most sen-sitive.(14) Becker(15) reported that caddisfly larvae acclimated to a river temperature of 19.50C had a 50% mortality after a 68-hour exposure to a 100C . increment, whereas, mortality at 7.50C above ambient was insignificant. Becker also reported that stepped thermal increases up to a alldifferential of 100C of the species resy'ggd tested.C / in welldefined increases in growth for 5.1-3 (Ov)
1 l WNP-3 l ER-OL The ecological consequences of thermal discharges on benthic macroinverte-brates are expected to be negligible with the potential for lethal effects being restricted to sessile organismq in the immediate area at the dif-fuser. Any sublethal eff ects (16,J1, if they occur, will probably oc-cur within the isotherms with a delta-T 2 0.60C. Even with two units operating, these isotherms would cover an area of less than 0.012 acres. The magnitude of these changes should have no measureable effect on the benthic community and thus no impact on the fish resources. Fish Temperature is one of the important parameters influencing the fishery resources in the Chehalis River. Anadromous fish, particularly salmonids, have the greatest sport and commercipl value. A review of the tolerance and thermal requirements of fish (18/ indicates that, in the Chehalis River, salmonids are the species most sensitive to themal discharges. Thus, protecting one of the most thermally sensitive group of species (i.e., juvenile salmonids) in the Chehalis River should adequately protect the remaining fish as well . Tables 5.1-4 and 5.1-5 provide data on ther-mal stress limits for juvenile salmonids. No salm9 nip spawning has been documented in the vicinity of the WNP-3 dis-charge.119 / Thus, there will be no effect of the thermal discharges on salmonid embryogenesis and early development. Juvenile salmon and trout do migrate downstream through the discharge area, with peak movement oc-curring in March through July. During thj ime, river currents are greater than 1 fps in the discharge area.lg9}/ In general, juvenile salmonids cannot maintain their position in currents greater than 1 fps. Therefore, the juvenile salmonids would probably be passively swept through the dilution zone, and would be exposed to elevated temperatures in the mixing zone f or less than two minutes. (This assumes the fish pas-sively drif t through the area at 1 fps.) Based on the short exposures to elevated temperatures and the themal stress limits shown in Table 5.1-4 and 5.1-5, no adverse effect to juvenile outmigrant salmonids is expected. Adults salmonids migrate upstream through the discharge area. Thermal tolerances of adult salmonids are similar to or greater than juveniles; therefore, the adults are not expected to suffer any adverse effects from the discharge temperature. Site-specific ultrasonic tracking studies by Thorne et. al.(201 show that the adult upstream migrants tend to travel near the river bank rather than midstream where the discharge is located. In addition, a uit salmonids are expected to avoid the thermal plume. Cherry et. al. 21) reported that adult rainbow trout avoided tempera-tures of 190C. Also, ambient water temperatures which ex eed 21.10C are reported to impede or block adult salmonid migration.(22,23) As 3 noted previously in Subsection 5.1.1, when ambient river temperatures are greater than 200C, the discharge temperature will be equal to or less than ambient and therefore will not add any additional themal stress to the fish. 5.1-4 9
WNP-3 ER-0L O The resident populations in the Chehalis River consist of suckers, bass, () shiners, catfish and minnows. Field-measured upper preference tempera-tures(fpq 360C. loi these Basedspecies on this at other locations information, were inthat it is judged the these range species of 23 to will not be aff ected by the WNP-3 thermal discharge. The discharge limitations described in Subsection 5.1.1, which are based on extreme ambient Chehalis River temperatures and physiological thermal limits for juvenile salmonids, will insure that no acute mortality or other significant adverse chronic effects will occur as a result of the thermal discharge. Cold Shock Cold shock is an additional concern at some power plants, particularly those using natural bodies of water for once-through cooling. Cold shock problems stem from the sudden cessation of thermal discharge when the plant is shut down. Since the themal plume attracts certain aquatic or-ganisms, particularly fish, these organisms become acclimated to the ele-vated temperatures and, in f act, dependent on them for survival. Fish mortalities have occured at a few plants following shutdowns and much ef-fort has recently gone into devising ways to eliminate these fish kills. Cold shock is never expected to occur at WNP-3 because during the months when it is a potential problem (i.e., winter) river flow will be high enough to prohibit prolonged occupation in the discharge area. For fish to become acclimated to the wcmer temperatures of the plume, they would s") have to occupy these waters for several days, which is not expected to happen in the strong river currents. Fish populations downstream from the mixing zone, where the river has become thermally homogenous, will experi-ence temperatures that are essentially natural. The benthic community is the only other aquatic community that might be continuously exposed to the effluent and thus become acclimated to the higher temperatures. However, any impact on the benthic population from cold shock would be minimal in terms of the aquatic community in the vici-nity of the site because the potentially affected area is so small (i.e., area with a AT 2 0.60C is < 0.012 acres). 5.1.3.3 Effects on Water Quality and Aquatic Habitat The effects of changes in water quality parameters other than temperature on the aquatic biota have also been considered. Inc.luded are dissolved oxygen, nutrients and suspended sediments. (The effects of chemical dis-charges are considered in Section 5.3). The dissolved oxygen concentration in the Chehalis River should not be decreased by operation of the proposed plant. Temperature affects the solubility of oxygen; the warmer the water, the less soluble is the oxy-gen. Although the slightly warmer discharge may have a slightly lower 5.1-5 p. k v s
E'N P-3 ER-OL oxygen concentration than the receiving water, its small volume coupled , with rapid mixing induced by the diffuser should not result in any measur- l able change in the oxygen concentration of the river. l During normal plant operation, little or no nutrients will be added and no eff ect on the aquatic ecosystem will occur. Little siltation or bottom scouring will result from the diffuser dis-charge because of the low volumes of water involved and because of the diffuse design (i.e., individual ports 1 ft above the bottom and oriented downstream and upward). Any siltation will stabilize md will have no long-tenn impact. The thermal discharge is not expected to have any significant impact on aquatic wildlife habitat. The volume of the dilution zone is very small (Figure 5.1-1). Since the diffuser will be located approximately 100 feet from either river bank, this zone will have no effect on the shoreline. Therefore, wildlif e such as amphibians, aquatic manmals, wading birds or migratory fowl that might use these areas will not be adversely affected by the discharge. 5.1.4 Atmospheric Eff ects As noted in Section 3.4, the closed-cycle cooling system will dissipate approximately 8.7 x 109 Btu /hr of waste heat at full load. This re-jected heat is transferred to the atmosphere both as sensible heat (by raising the temperature of air drawn through the cooling tower) and as latent heat (by evaporating water into the air). This process results in saturation of the exhausted air and subsequent formation of visible plumes. The air drawn through the tower will also entrain drops of cooling water which will be deposited near the site as drif t. The eff ects of these phe-nomena are discussed in this subsection. 5.1.4.1 Plume and Fog Formation The condensation of emitted water vapor results in the formation of tiny water. droplets which have a negligible f all velocity and are effectively suspended in the air and transported with the wind as they evaporate. The nature and degree of nuisances caused by this plume depend, to a large extent, on whether it remains elevated or interacts with the ground. At operating visible power plumes may plants extendin5the km500 MWe tounder downwind 2500extreme MWe range, the ohgrve
'.onditions.( -28 These observations have been used to characterize both the height and the downwind extension of visible plumes.
Results of pls ne model calculations (Subsection 6.1.3.2) for two units (WNP-3 and WNP.5) are presented in Table 5.1-6. The table shows the amount of time in any one year during 'which the plume lengths are greater 5.1-6 O
WNP-3 ER-OL
) than or equal to the indicated distances. Note that plume lengths will be
() less than 1 km for roughly 54 percent of the time. No lengths greater than 7 km (4.3 mi) were determined in this analysis. Plume lengths tend to be the longest during the f all and shortest during the summer. P lt.mes also tend to be longest when conditions are near saturation (i.e., during cloudy weather). The cloud cover will substantially reduce the visual impact of the plume. The effects of the plume interacting with the ground (fogging and icing) are not expected to be a problem with the cooling tower plume from WNP-3. The vapor plume exits the tower at about 870 ft MSL. The nearest commer-cial highway, SR 12, is about 2.6 miles north at an elevation less than 50 ft MSL. Residential areas are at approximately the same elevations. The
^
elevation difference (800 to 850 f t) and the momentum and buoyancy of the plume will combine to keep the plumes well removed from populated areas and comercial activities. Operations from the Elma Airport (3 mi NE) may suffer minimal disruption as takeoffs and landings are parallel both to valley air flow and to val-ley ridges upon which the cooling towers are sited. However, the occur-ence of stratus / stratocumulus is so common to the Elma area that elevated clouds are normally encounterad during aircraft operations. Although air traffic could possibly bc disrupted, the extent and duration will be lo-calized and extremely limited. As shown in Table 5.1-6, visible plumes longer than 4 k'n (2.5 mi) are expected to occur only 33 hrs /yr in the NNE and NE sectors. QJ 5.1.4.2 Drift Deposition In addition te the water vapor exhausted to the atmosphere, the cooling towers will lote a small fraction (0.003 percent, see Subsection 3.4.2) of the recirculating cooling water as drif t. The water droplets become mech-anically separated from the recirculating water and are entrained into the tower's updraft. This drif t contains the dissolved solids, or salts, which are nomally carried by the cooling water. (In contrast, the normal plume droplets are composed of pure water resulting from evaporation and condensation of the cooling water in the towers.) A large percentage of the drif t droplets have a measurable f all velocity such that they f all to the ground immediately surrounding the plant. In dry weather, the drift droplets may actually evaporate in the atmosphere, leaving crystals of salts which will essentially disperse or f all to the surf ace, depending on their size. The deposition of these salts on the surrounding landscape depends greatly on the local atmospheric conditions and the concentration of salts in the droplets . The o.1 site meteorological data and the methods identified in Subsection 6.1.3.2 were used to estimate the average annual deposition l patterns around the site. Figure 5.1-4 presents the mean annual salt de-position from the cooling tower assuming year-round full-power operation. 5.1-7
' (D U
WNP-3 ER-OL Deposition rates within 500 feet of the tower are quite uncertain, but beyond this distance, maximum total deposition is expected to be below about 20 lb/ acre-yr. Heaviest deposition rates are expected in the north-ern sectors. Beyond 2 miles from tower the estimated deposition drops below 1 lb/ acre-yr. O 5.1-8 9
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 5.1 v
- 1. Washington State Water Quality Standards, Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, Washington, December 19, 1977.
- 2. Copp, H. D., Themal-Hydraulic Model Studies of Diffuser Perfomance, Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 and 5, Chehalis River, Washington, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, December 1978.
- 3. Final Environmental Statement related to Construction of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects 3 and 5, Docket Nos. 50-508 and 50-509, NUREG-75/053, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington, D.C., June,1975, p. 5-30.
- 4. Environmental Monitoring Program,1976, Washington Public Power Sup-ply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co., Bellevue, Washington,1978, p. 4-24.
- 5. Environmental Monitoring Program,1980, Washington Public Power Sup-ply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co., Bellevue, Washington,1981, Table 5-4.
- 6. Coutant, C. C., " Thermal Pollution - Biological Effects," J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 43:1292, 1971.
[s\ (/ 7. Jensen, L. D., et al., The Effects of Elevated Temperatures Upon Aquatic Invertebrates, Edison Electric Institute Research Report, Proj ect RP-49,1969, 232 pp.
- 8. Talmage, S. S. and C. C. Coutant, " Thermal Effects," J. Water Pollu-tion Control Federation, pp. 1514-1553, 1978.
- 9. Patrick, R., "Some Effects of Temperature on Freshwater Algae," In:
Biological Aspects of Themal Pollution, P.A. Krenkel and F.L. Parker (eds. ), Nashville, Tennessee,1969.
- 10. Cairns, J. Jr., " Effects of Increased Temperature on Aquatic Orga-i nisms," Industrial Wastes, 1(4):150,1956.
! 11. Morgan, R. P. and R. G. Stross, " Destruction of Phytcplankton in the Cooling Water Supply of a Steam Electric Station," Chesapeake Sci-ence , 10 :165, 1969.
- 12. Reed, C. C., Species Diversity in Aquatic Microecosystems, Ph.D. Dis-sertation, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado,1976.
5.1 /^'\
WNP-3 ER-OL References For Section 5.1 (contd.)
- 13. Curry, L. L., "A Survey of Environmental Requirements for the Midge (Diptera: Tendipedidae)," In: Biological Problems in Wcter Pollu-tion, C. M. Tarzwell (ed. ), Public Health Service No. 999-WP-25,1965.
. 14. Nebeker, A. W. and A. E. Lemke, " Preliminary Studies on the Tolerance of Aquatic Insects to Heated Waters," J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 44:413, 1968.
- 15. Becker, C. D., Response of Columbia River Invertebrates to Thermal Stress, BNWL-1550, Vol.1, No. 2, Battella, Pacific Northwest Labora-tories, Richland, Washington,1971, p. 2.17.
- 16. Coutant, C. C., The Eff ects of Temperature on the Develooment of Bot-tom Organisms, BNWL-714, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington,1968.
- 17. Pearson, W. D. and P. R. Franklin, "Some Factors Affeting Drif t Rates of Bactis and Simuliidae in a Large River," Ecology, 49:75, 1968.
- 18. Talmage, S. S. and D. M. Opresko, Literature Review: Response of Fish to Themal Discharges, ORNL/EIS-193, Oak Ridge National Labora-tory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, May 1981.
- 19. Beyer, D. L., Prefiled Testimony, In: WNP-3/5 NPDES Modification Request, Prefiled Testimony Sunmary Data Base Report Proposed Permit, Washington Public Power Supply System, Richland, Washington,1979.
- 20. Thorne, R. E., R. B. Grosvenor, and R. L. Fairbanks, Chehalis River Ultrasonic Fish Tracking Studies in the Vicinity of Washington Public Power Supoly System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
Bellevue, Washington,1978.
- 21. Cherry, D. S., K. L. Dickson and J. Cairns, Jr., " Temperatures Se-lected and Avoided by Fish at Various Acclimation Temperatures.", J. --
Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 32:485-491, 1975.
- 22. Columbia River Themal Effects Study, Vol.1: Bioloaical Effects Studies, Environmental Protection Agency, pp. 102, 1971.
- 23. Snyder, G. R. and T. $. Blahm, " Effects of Increased Temperature on Cold-Water Organisms," J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 43:890, 1971.
5.1-10 0
WNP-3 ER-OL References For Section 5.1 (contd.)
%J
- 24. Brett, J. R., " Temperature Tolerance in Young Pacific Salmon, Genus Oncorhynchus," Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, IX(6):265-323, November 1952.
- 25. Junod, A., R. J. Hopkirk, D. Schmeiter, and D. Haschke, "Meteorologi-cal Influences of Atmospheric Cooling Systems as Projected in Switzer-land," In: Cooling Tower Environment-1974, S. Hanna and J. Pell, (ed.),1974 ERDA Symposium Series, CONF-740302, NTIS, U. S. Dept. of Comerce, Springfield, Virginia, 1974, 638 pp.
- 26. Thompson, D. W., J. M. Norman, T. N. Chin, and K. L. Miller, Airborne Studies of Natural Draft Cooling Tower Plumes: Meteorological Pro-files and a Sumary of In-Plume Turbulent Temperature and Velocity Fluctuations, Dept. of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State Univer:sity, University Park, Pennsylvania,1977.
b
- 27. Coleman, J. H. and T. L. Crawford, " Characterization of Cooling Tower Plumes from Paradise Steam Plant," In: Cooling Tower Environment-1978. Maryland Dept. of Natural Resources, University of Maryland, folTege o Park, Maryland,1978.
28 . Hanna, S. R., " Predicted and Otserved Cooling Tower Plume Rise and O Plume Length at the John E. Amos Power Plant," Atmospheric Environ-ment, 10:1043-1052, 1976. t 5.1-11 O U
l l WNP-3 ER-0L TABLE 5.1-1 PREDICTED DILUTION ZONE BOUNDARY TEMPERATURES VS. WATER QUALITY STANDARD Temoeratures (OC) Month River Discharce Dilution Zone (a) WOS(b) January 0.0 10.3 0.9 4.0 February 1.1 9.7 1.9 4.3 March 3.9 8.6 4.3 6.5 April 5.0 8.9 5.3 7.3 May 10.0 10.8 10.1 11.6 June 11.1 13.1 11.3 12.5 July 14.4 16 .1 14.6 15.7 August 15.6 17.5 15.8 16.8 September 11.7 18.3 12.4 13.2 October 5.0 17.5 6.1 7.3 November 4.4 15.3 5.4 6.9 December 0.6 12.8 1.7 4.3 (a) Two units operating. Peak surface temperature 100 ft downstream f rom diffuser, f rom Reference 5.1-2. (b) Water quality standards from Reference 5.1-1. See Subsection 5.1.1. 1 O l
N *-3 btR-OL TABLE 5.1-2 RESPONSE OF PERIPHYTON AND PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE VICINITY OF WNP-3 TO TEMPERATURE ; Organism Maximum or Optimum Temperature or Range Miscellaneous Temperature Response Reference Cocconels schiettum Range 340C - 360C (9) Diatoms Most abundant at 200-300C (10) Green Algae Most abundant at 300-350C 4 Blue-Green Algae Most prolific at > 350C 4 ! Stigoclonium tenius Maximum temperature for living = 270C (9) '- Nitzschia filiformis Optimum growth between 220-260C (9) Gomphonema paruulum Maximum 310-350C Phytoplankton An increase in temperature of approximate 1 (11) 80 C stimulated photosynthesis when natura water temparaturr was 160C or cooler and in- , hibited phctosynthesis when water was 200C or warmer J Algae Not injured passing through condensers if (9) temperature does not exceed 340-34.50C Nitzschia Oscillatoria, Incubated microecosystems for 20 weeks at (12) Ankistrodesmus 260 C then cooled to 120C at 1-5 day intervals.
, No significant difference in species present between 26 and 120C.
I i 4 j k .i
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.1-3 RESPONSE OF AOUATIC INVERTEBRATES IN THE VICINITY OF WNP-3 TO TEMPERATURE Range or Oroanism Optimum Upper-Leth al Misc. Temperature Response Coelenterata Hydra littoralis Animals acclimated to 50C were twice as large as those acclimated to 210C Anneida 330 C - Optimum temperature for activity of choline-acetyl-Hirudo medicinales transferase in nervous tissue Arth ropoda Eggs developed most rapidly Crustacea between 140C to 200C Cyclops scutiper Cyclops abyssorum Egg rate development doubled every 50C between 50 and 250C Cladocerans The least resistant species Eurytertus lamellatus Eurycercus and Cnydorus per-ished at 35.00 to 35.50C Chydorous globosus Gammarus pseudolimnaet.s 24-hr lethal temo - 29.9 0C Astacus 350C lethal temperature Insecta Diptera Tendipedidae Increased larval ma-Chironomus turation rate when tem-perature was raised from 210C to 310C Chironomus Largest number Plumosus of emerging adults 230C Chironomous hiparius Adult midge larger when larvae raised 0 100C than @ 200C Chironomidae Most die at 350 C af ter an exposure of 13 to 16 hrs. Tendipedidae t.bper limit of 300C to 330C O
L'NP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.1-3 (contd.) Range or Organism Optimum Upper-Lethal Misc. Temperature Response Tendipedidae 22-hr LOSO l Tanytarsus 29.2 0C l Proclamesa 30.200 l Anatopynia 30.7,39.10C ' Chironomous 34.8-35.80C Ephemeroptera At 260C to 280C emer-Ple(Mayfly) gence not affected coptera 10.10 - 15.70C when temperature rose above (5tonerly) Optimum temperature 15.70C stoneflies became sensitive to low dissolved oxygen levels Pteronarcys sp Egg production (vorsata) optimum at ISOC Pteronarcys californica Emerged 6 months earlier when maintained at a con-stant temperature of 180C Pteronarcys dorsata Emergence Early emergency of a spe-optimum at ISOC cies sec1ed to correlate with wariner water Trichoptera Emergence Caddisflies emerged two Hyoropsychidae temperature weeks earlier in heated (Caddisfly) 110 - 120C zones of Columbia River ! as compared with area up-stream of the discharge Trichoptera " Warm Water" Streams - well distributedu$ to 950F (350C greatest diversity at 280C Simulidae Pupae development 2.7 to 7.2 day @ 10.40 C - 23.60C Arachnoidea Found similar sized samples Hydracarina limnesia From both inflowing water of power station (22.80C) and outflowing (31.30C) - apparently alive and unharined Riffle Tolerance Limit Macro-Invertebrates less than 32.5 0C (Delaware River) , Ichthyophthirius multitilis Favorable temp (dkin parasite of 200 - 250C freshwater fish) Chondrococcus columnaris Closely related to temp above 130C n m
. , . . - ,- ~. . , , ,
1 l WNP-3 ER-OL TAdLE 5.1-4 CRITICAL TEMPERATURES FOR SELECTED SALMONIDS(a) l Acclimation Upper Lethpl Lower Lethal Temperature Limit (bl Limit Species (OC) (OC) (OC) Chinook 5 21.5 - 10 24.3 0.8 15 25.0 2.5 20 25.1 4.5 24 25.1 - Chum 5 21.8 - 10 22.6 0.5 15 23.1 4.7 20 23.7 6.5 23 23.8 7.3 Coho 5 22.9 0.2 10 23.7 1.7 15 24.3 3.5 20 25.0 4.5 23 25.0 6.4 (a) Source: Reference 5.1-24. (b) Limits are 50 percent mortality at one week ex-posure. Ultimate upper lethal limits (the high-est temperature regardless of acclimation temper-ature) are: chi nook = 25.10C, coho = 25.00C, chum = 23.80C. l O
, WNP-3 ER-OL () TABLE 5.1-5 l' ACCEPTABLE PHYSIOLOGICAL LIMITS FOR REPRESENTATIVE THERMALLY SENSITIVE SPECIES (a) Acclimation Upper Acceptable Lower Acceptable Temperature Physiological Limit Physiological Limit , (OC) (OC) (OC) 5 20.5 1.2 4 10 21.6 2.7 15 22.1 5.7 20 22.7 7.5 l- 23 22.8 8.3 i (a) Acceptable physiological limit is defincd as the temperature at which no nortalities or other sig-nificant adverse effects would be expected in the dilution zone. To obtain these limits, a 10C safety margin was applied to the upper or lower lethal limit of the least tolerant of the three , species (tolerance varies with acclimation tem-perature) in Table 5.1-4. 4' t 4 i . N n
.__ . .. _,- _ , _ _ . . _ _ _ _ . . , - . - . , , , , - . . - _ _ - ~ , _ . _ .m... . _ , _ , . . . , . . , , _ - _, . ,_ , m.-._.,
WNP-3 ER-0L TABLE 5.1-6 FRE0VENCY OF C00LIi4G TOWER PLUME LENGTHS VS. DIRECTION (a) Direction Distances (km) from Towers From Towers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 20 18 14 10 5 3 0 SSW 37 32 24 11 7 3 0 SW 197 142 59 32 15 8 0 WSW 242 153 67 23 11 9 0 W 158 100 47 17 8 4 0 WNW 224 134 48 18 10 5 0 NW 166 103 39 15 8 3 0 NNW 107 73 27 13 8 4 0 N 185 108 40 11 6 2 0 NNE 206 93 28 9 6 3 0 NE 191 75 24 8 4 3 0 ENE 187 58 17 6 5 2 0 E 56 26 16 8 5 3 0 ESE 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 SE 13 11 8 6 4 2 0 SSE 9 8 7 4 3 2 0 Total Hrs 2,010 1,144 473 197 109 58 0 ! (a) Frequency (hr/yr) that a visible vapor plume equals or exceeds indicated distance. 0
(~' x J
+s M .0 .
i
** 3 EL 4.4 .
3 % 3 YD J LEGEND : ................;..
/, %:
Shoreline at Water C- .
") i Or = 1698 cfs :
~ i i Surface Elev. 4.9 Tr = OT ~.~.~..~..................I Od = 11.7 cfs E L 1.9 4 Riverbed Elev., it m;l Td = 10.3 cis ,
- : 150' x 50' Dilution Zone *"""""""*"""""""*:
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WNP-3 ER-OL N 5.2 RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT OF ROUTINE OPERATION Radioactive materials are routinely generated in nuclear plants. The WNP-3 radwaste treatment system described in Section 3.5 is designed to maximize recycle and retention of radioactive wastes such that routine releases are not anticipated. In this section potential, or hypothetical, radionuclide releases and exposure pathways are identified and evaluated to assure plant operation within the design criteria of 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, and applicable limits of 10 CFR Part 20, 5.2.1 Exposure Pathways The potential exposure paths considered in evaluating the impacts of WNP-3 include releases to the atmosphere as a gas or vapor and release to the river. Radionuclides released to the atmosphere would be prim.rily noble gases, which would not be taken up by vegetation or animals. However, any radiciodine and particulates released may be deposited on or taken up by vegetation, f rom which they may enter into a food chain. Radionuclides in liquid effluents would be available for uptake in algae and other water plants, fish, clams, and crustaceans living in the river. Radionuclides may be accumulated by these organisms to concentrations greater than in the surrounding water. Predators of the more simple organisms, such as small animals, fish and birds, may concentrate these p nuclides still further. In addition, some radionuclides may be deposited i Q with the silt on the river bottom and streline and lead to external expo-sure of biota; Figure 5.2-1 illustratas generalized exposure pathways to biota. Radionuclides in liquid effluents can reach man through a variety of path-ways, involving both external exposure and internal exposure. Possible , pathways of external exposure include such activities as swimming, boating and skiing on waters downstream from the plant, also hiking, fishing, etc., along the river shore. Pathways leading to internal exposure include the consumption of drinking water, fish and waterfowl from the river, produce from gardens irrigated with river water, and animal prod-ucts such as meat, eggs and milk from animals which eat irrigated feed or pasture grass. Exposure via the airborne pathways includes both external exposure to skin and total body from the noble gases and internal exposure from inhalation of tritium, radioiodines and particulates released from the plant. Also, internal exposures may be received from the consumption of foods produced from vegetation on which radionuclides of plant origin may be deposited. Such foods include fresh leafy vegetables from local gardens and milk from cows foraging pasture grass. In addition, direct exposure may be received ! from the transportation of fuel and radioactive wastes outside the plant
- boundary and from the plant itself. Figure 5.2-2 shows generalized expo-sure pathways to man, 5.2-1 l
WNP-3 ER-OL 5.2.2 Radioactivity in the Environment 9 Radionuclide quantities in liquid and gaseous effluents are listed in Tables 3.5-6 and 3.5-9, respectively. Concentration of the important radionuclides in the liquid effluent, based on an average annual cooling system blowdown of 6 cfs, are provided in Table 5.2-1. Table 5.2-1 also lists the concentrations after full mixing in the Chehalis River (assuming average annual river flow of 6600 cfs). The concentrations of gaseous releases at the plant vents and six criti-cal locations on the exposure pathways are listed in Table 5.2-2. These conceg{(ations were determined 1.1111 1 and computer code X0QD00.usir)g)the lz methodology of Regulatory Guide Table 5.2-3 is surmiary of the relative concentrations (X/Q in sec/m3) for each sector at distance intervals obt to 50 miles from the plant site. Table 5.2-4 provides the relative annual deposition (D/Q in Ci/m2-yr) f actors for each direction and distance sector. 5.2.3 Dose Rate Estimates For Biota Other Than Man Potential doses to biota other way using the NRC LADTAP Code.(than man are
- 3) All liquid estimatedwill effluents for the be liquid path-filtered prior to discharge. Mence, sedimentation and exposure due to sediments is negligible. Table 5.2-5 sumarizes the dose received by several types of biota living in or near the Chehalis River from liquid effluents.
Animals such as deer, coyotes, and field mice that do not consume aquatic food or spend much time near the rivershore will receive their radiation exposure through direct radiation from the plant's gaseous effluent plume, inhalation, ingestion of terrestrial vegetation, and external doses to exposure from contaminated ground. The total dose received from all of these pathways will be very small. An animal such as a deer, spending 50 per cent of its time at the river near the plant, would receive an annual dose of less than 0.5 mrad / year f rom external radiation. Additional expo-sure would be received from inha?ation and ingestion. However, the total annual dose f rom all pathways would still be less than 1.0 mrad / year. Studies at the Deoartment of Energy's Hanford Reservation have shown that irradiation of saimon eggs at a rate of 500 mrad / day did not affect the number adult fish returning from the ocean or their ability to spawn.( When all the Hanford production reactors, with single-pass cooling, were operating, studies were made on the effect of the released radionuclides on spawning salmon. These studies have shown no discernible effect week.\6)ot these salmon by dose rates in the ran,e of 100 to 200 mead /- The estimated doses to biota from WNP-3 effluents will be orders of magnitude less than the doses experienced by biota from opera-tion of the Hanford production reactors. Considering that no distinguish-able effect on the biota from radiation was observed during operation of those reactors over many years, no perceptible effect from WNP-3 operation is expected. 5.2-2
WNP-3 ER-OL 5.2.4 Dose Rate Estimates For Man Estimated doses to the population within 50 miles of WNN3 and to individ-uals subject to maximum exposure because of their place af residence or life-style were calculated using the methodology of Regulatory Guides 1.109(6) and 1.111,(1) and NRC Codes X0000Q,(2) LADTAP(3) and GASPAR.(7) Detail on the calculation model input parameters is included in Appen-dix B. These input parameters are sumarized in Tables 5.2-6 and 5.2-7 for the liquid and gaseous pathways, respectively. Table 5.2-8 sumarizes the annual radiation doses to an individual from WNP-3 effluents included in Tables 5.2-1 and 5.2-2. Table 5.2-9 provides the estimates of doses to the general population. 5.2.4.1 Liquid Pathways People may be exposed to the radioactive material in the liquid effluent by drinking water, eating fish, eating irrigated f ann products and by par-ticipating in recreational activities on or along the Chehalis River. Although there is no drinking water withdrawal downstream, it was assumed, for calculation purposes, that a household located 2 miles downstream of the discharge withdraws drinking water from the Chehalis River. The pos-tulatqd 1 Code.t3) doses are listed in Table 5.2-8 and were obtained using the LADTAP 1 [ i Because fish will concentrate most radionuclides from the water they inhabit, the potential radiation dose from consumption of Chehalis River fish was estimated for both an individual and the general population with-in 50 miles of the plant. The dose to an individual by this pathway is included in Table 5.2-8. The dose potentially received from consumption of waterfowl which had consumed contaminated fish or aquatic plants is considered negligible. Swimming, boating, and picnicking along the shores of the Chehalis River downstream of the Site could result in very small doses to the local popu-lation. Doses to individuals from these activities and the irrigated foodstuff pathway are included in Table 5.2-8. , 5.2.4.2 Gaseous Pathways People may be exposed to radioactive material released to the atmosphere via inhalation, external radiation and ingestion of f arm products. The maximum ground level concentration at the nearest residence offsite is approximately 1.0 mile from the plant in the north sector. An individual living at the nearest resident (1.0 mi N) would potentially receive a very small dose due to inhalation of tritium, radioiodines and particulates as well as absorption of tritium through the skin. This dose is included in Table 5.2-8. All other dose estimates to people offsite would be less than this estimate. i v 5.2-3
UNP-3 ER-OL External radiation from the plume or ground contamination would contribute an additional very small dose to the individual as shown in Table 5.2-8. Radiation doses potentially received from ingestion of foodstuffs contami-nated with radionuclida using the GASPAR Code.I3)Food deposited on the products considered soil or foliage in thewere calculated analysis were vegetables, meat, cow milk and goat milk. Factors necessary to calculate the transfer of radionuclide from air to ground or foliage, foliage to animal, and animal to meat or milk are given in Appendix 8. The individ-ual dose potentially received from f arm products is included in Table 5.2-8. j 5.2.4.3 Direct Radiation From Facility Direct radiation from the reactor f acilities to individuals beyond the site boundary is extremely low and does not add measurably to doses esti-I mated in Subsections 5.2.4.1 and 5.2.4.2. The nearest residences are one j mile Trom the plant in the N and NNW sections. The nearest significant I public f acilities are in Elma about four miles northwest. l l 5.2.4.4 Annual Pooulation Doses From Liouid and Gaseous Effluents I Using the GASPAR and LADTAP computer codes, the population total body and f thyroid doses to the people living within an acoroximate 50-mile radius were calculated for several pathways. The population distribution for the year 2000 (see Table 2.1-2) was used in the calculations. Other inout parameters are shown in Appendix B. Table 5.2-9 lists the calculated annual thyroid and total body doses to the population within 50 miles of the site. Dose received by the population beyond 50 miles would be an immeasurable increment to the dose already received from natural back-ground radiation. Table 5.2-10 compares the population dose from WNP-3 with doses attributable to other sources. 5.2.5 Sumary of Annual Radiation Doses The estimated individual and population doses attributable to the opera-tion of WNP-3 are given in Tables 5.2-8 and 5.2-9, respectively. Individ-ual doses are within the design objectives of 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix I, shown in Table 5.2-11. 5.2-4
4 WNP-3 ER-OL j References for Section 5.2 (
- 1. Methods for Estimating Atmospheric, Transport and Dispersion of Gaseous Effluents From Light-Water-Cooled Reactors, Regulatory Guide
, 1.111, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C., July 1977. t i
4
- 2. X00D0Q Program for the Meteorological Evaluation of Routine Effluent
, Releases at Nuclear Power Plants, NUREG-0324 (Draft), U.S. Nuclear l Regulatory Commission, Washington D.C., September 1977. l
- 3. User's Manual for LADTAP II - A Computer Program for Calculating Radiation Exposure to man f rom Routine Release of Nuclear Reactor Liquid Effluents, NUREG/CR-1276, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, j Washington, D.C., May 1980. ;
f 4. Templeton, W. L., R. E. Nakatani and E. E. Held, " Radiation Effects", ! In: Radioactivity in the Marine Environment, Comnittee on Oceanog-raphy, National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences,1971.
- 5. Watson, D. G. and W. L. Templeton, " Thermal Luminescent Dosimetry of ,
Aquatic Organisms", In: Proc. Third National Symposium on Radio-ecology, CONF-710501-P2, Oak Ridge, Tennessee,1973. i j 6. Calculation of Annual Doses to Man From Routine Releases of Reactor i Effluents for the Purpose of Evaluating Compliance with 10 CFR Part
- 50, Appendix I, Regulatory Guide 1.109, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory l Commission, Washington D.C., October 1977.
l 7. User's Guide to GASPAR Code, NUREG-0597, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory i tommission, Washington, D.C., June 1980. i , ' r I 1 9 u r 5.2-5 L
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-1 LIQUID RADIONUCLIDE RELEASES WNP-3 Annual Concentration (uCi/ml) at: Release Discnargetd/ Chehalis Radionuclide (Ci/yr) Point River (b) H-3 1.1E+02 2.0E-05 1.9E-08 Cr- 51 6. 7E-04 1.2E-10 1.1E-13 Mn-54 2.2E-04 4.1E-11 3.7E-14 Fe-55 5.9E-04 1.1E-10 1.0E-13 Fe-59 3.6E-04 6.7E-11 6.1E-14 Co-53 6.2E-03 1.1E-12 1.1E-12 Co-60 1.6E-03 3.0E-10 2.7E-13 Z r- 95 1. 6E- 04 3.0E-11 2.7E-14 Nb-95 2. 2 E-04 4.1E-11 Np-239 3.7E-14 3.1E-04 5.8E-11 5.2E-14 Br-83 4.0E-05 7.4 E- 12 6.8E-15 RD-86 5.0E-05 9.3E-12 8.5E-15 Sr-89 1.3E-04 2.4E-11 2.2E-14 Sr-91 5.5E-05 9.3E-12 8.5E-15 Y-91M 3.0E-05 5.6E-12 5.1E-15 Y-91 2.0E-05 3.7E-12 3.4E-15 Mo-99 2.3E-02 4.3E-09 3.9E-12 Tc-99M 2.1E-02 3. 9E'-09 3.6E-12 Ru-103 3.0E-05 5.6E-12 5.1E-15 Rh-103M 2.0E-05 3.7E-12 3.4E-15 Ru-106 2.4E-04 4.5E-11 4.1E-14 Ag-110M 4.0E-05 7.5E-12 6.8E-15 Te-127M 1.0E-04 1.9E-11 1.7E-14 Te-127 1.4E-04 2.6E-11 2.4E-14 Te-129M 5.0E-04 9.3E-11 8.5E-14 Te-129 3.2E-04 6.0E-11 5.5E-14 I-130 2.2E-04 4.1E-11 3.7E-14 Te-131M 5.0E-04 9.3E-11 8.5E-14 Te-131 9.0E-05 1.7E-11 1.5E-14 I-131 9.1E-02 1.7E-08 1.5E-11 Te-132 7.6E-03 1.4E-09 1.3E-12 I-132 8.6E-03 1.6E-09 1.5E-12 I-133 6.2E-02 1.2E-03 1.0E-11 I-134 2.0E-02 3.7E-09 3.3E-12 Cs-124 2.3E-02 4.2E-02 3.9E-12 I-135 9.7E-03 1.8E-09 1.6E-12 Cs-136 7.0E-03 1.3E-09 1.2E-12 Cs-137 1.8E-02 3.4E-09 3.0E-12 Ba-137M 1.5E-02 2.8E-09 2.5E-12
t ! WNP-3 i ER-OL I l TABLE 5.2-1 (contd.) i
~
4 , i WNP-3 l Annual Concentration (uCi/ml) at: < ! Release Discharge \di Chehalis i Radionuclide JCi/yr) Point River (b) ! Ba-140 7.0E-05 1.3E-11 1.2E-14 l La-140 6.0E-05 1.1E-11 1.0E-14 Ce-141 2.0E-05 3.7E-12 3.4E-15 Pr-143 2.0E-05 3.7E-12 3.4E-15
- Ce-144 5.3E-04 9.9E-11 9.0E-14 3 Pr-144 1.0E-05 1.9E-12 1.7E-15 4 :
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WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-2 GASEOUS RADIONUCLIDE RELEASES Concentration (pCi/cc)(a) WNP-3 Restricted Annual Area Vegetable Milk Milk Radionuclide Meat North Reiease Boundary Garden Cow Goat Cattle Resident (Ci) H-3 1. 4 E+ 03 1.8E-10 3.6E-11 1.0E-10 6.2E-11 1.2E-10 1.3E-10 C-1C 8.0E+00 1.0E-12 2.1E-13 5.8E-13 3.5E-13 7.1E-13 3.5E-13 Ar-41 2.5E+01 3.2E-12 6.5E-13 1.8E-12 1.1E-12 Kr-83m 2.2E-12 2.4E-12 2.0E+00 2.5E-13 5.2E-14 1.5E-13 8.7E-14 1.8E-13 Kr-85m 1.9E-13 1.7E+01 2.2E-12 4.4E-13 1.2E-12 7.5E-13 1.5E-12 Kr-85 1.6E-12 2.7E+02 3.4E-11 7.0E-12 2.0E-11 1.2E-11 2.4E-11 Kr-87 2.6E-11 5.0E+00 6.3E-13 1.3E-13 3.6E-13 2.2E-13 4.aE-13 Kr-89 4.7E-13 2.6E+01 3.3E-12 6.7E-13 1.9E-12 1.2E-12 2.3E-12 Xe-131m 2.5E-12 5.9E+00 6.3E-13 1.3E-13 3.6E-13 2.2E-13 4.4E-13 Xe-133 4.7E-13 2.7E+01 3.4E-12 7.0E-13 2.0E-12 1.2E-12 2.4E-12 Xe-135m 2.6E-12 1.3E+03 1.6E-10 3.4E-11 9.5E-11 5.8E-11 1.2E-10 Xe-137 1.2E-10 6.5E+01 8.2E-12 1.7E-12 4.7E-12 2.9E-12 5.8E-12 Xe-138 6.2E-12 3.0E+00 3.8E-13 7.SE-14 2.2E-13 I-131 5.8E-02 7.3E-15 1.3E-13 2.7E-13 2.8E-l' 1.5E-15 4.2E-15 2.6E-15 5.1E-15 5.5E-1 1-133 6.7E-02 8.5E-15 1.7E-15 4.9E-15 3.0E-15 5.9E-15 6.4E-15 Mn-34 4.4E-04 5.6E-17 1.1E-17 3.2E-17 1.9E-17 3.9E.17 4.2E-17 Fe-59 1.5E-04 1.9E-17 3.9E-18 1.1E-17 6.6E-18 1.3E-17 1.4E-17 Co-58 1.5E-02 1.9E-16 3.9E-17 1.1E-16 6.6E-17 1.3E-16 1.4E-16 Co-60 6.7E-04 8.5E-17 1.7E-17 4.9E-17 3.0E-17 5.9E-17 6.4E-17 Sr-89 3.3E-05 4.2E-18 8.6E-19 2.4E-18 1.5E-18 Cs-134 2.9E-18 3.1E-18 4.4E-04 5.6E-17 1.1E-17 3.2E-17 1.9E-17 3.9E-17 Cs-137 4.2E-17 7.4E-04 9.4E-17 1.9E-17 5.4E-17 3.3E-17 6.5E-17 7.0E-17 (a) Based on %/Q values: Restricted area boundary - 4.0E-06 sec/m3 Vegetable garden - 8.2E-07 sec/m3 Milk cow - 2.3E-06 sec/m3 Milk goat - 1.4E-06 sec/m3 Meat cattle - 2.8E-06 sec/m3 Resident (north) - 3.0E-06 sec/m3 9
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1 WNP-3 ER.0L TABLE 5.2-5 ANNUAL DOSE TO BIOTA FROM WNP-3 LIOUID EFFLUENTS Dose (mrad /yr) ! Biota Dilution Factor Internal External Total Fish 1/1100 8.8E-02 7.3E-02 1.6E-01 Invertebrate 1/1100 3.8E-01 1.5E-01 5.3E-01 Algae 1/1100 6.4E-02 3.6E-04 Muskrat 6.4E-02 1/1100 4.4E-01 4.9E-02 4.9E-01 Raccoon 1/1100 7.5E-02 3.7E-02 1.1E-01 Heron 1/1100 2.7E+00 4.9E-02 2.7E+00 Duck 1/1100 3.8E-01 7.3E-02 4.6E-01 O i O l
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-6
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PARAMETERS TO CALCULATE MAXIMUM INDIVIDUAL DOSE FROM LIQUID EFFLUENTS
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Drink ing Water River Dilution: 1100 River Transit Time:(a) I hr Water Treatment and Delivery Time: 24 hrs Usage Factors: Adult = 7301/yr Teenager = 510 1/yr Child = 510 1/yr Infant = 570 1/yr Fish River Dilution: 1100 4 Time to Consunption: 24 hours Usage Factors: Adult = 21 k /yr Teenager = 16 kg/yr Child = 7 k /yr Infant = 0 Recreation River Dilution: 1:1100 Shoreline Width Factor: 0.2 Usage Factors: Shoreline Activities: Adult = IP hr/yr Teenager = 67 hr/yr Child = 14 hr/yr Infant = 0 Swimming: Adult = 40 hr/yr Teenager = 40 hr/yr Child = 40 hr/yr i' Boating: Adult = 200 hr/yr Teenager = 40 hr/yr p, Child Inf ant
=
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40 hr/yr 0 Irrigated Foodstuffs River Dilution: 1100 River Transit Time: 12 hours Leafy Vegetables Milk Meat Vegetable Food Delivery Time: 24 hours 24 hours 24 hours 24 hours Usage Factors: Adult 520 kg/yr 310 1/yr 110 kg/yr 64 kg/yr Teenager 6~0 kg/yr 400 1/yr 65 kg/yr 42 kg/yr Child 520 kg/yr 330 1/yr 41 kg/yr 26 kg/yr Inf ant 0 330 0 0 Monthly Irrigation Rate: 110 1/m2 110 1/m2 110 1/m2 110 1/m2 Annual Yield: 1.1 kg/m2 0.7 kg/m2 0.7 kg/m2 2.0 kg/m2 Annual Growing Period: 70 days 365 days 365 days 70 days Annual 50-mile Production: 2.5E+07 kg 1.5E+08 1 8.9E+06 kg 7.9E+05 kg (a) Two miles downstream (b) Assuned to be used for fishing O o
WNP-3 ER-OL TA8LE 5.2-7 PARAMETERS TO CALCULATE INDIVIDUAL AND POPULATION DOSES FROM GASE0US EFFLUENTS Meteoroloay GASPAR (Reference 5.2-7) meteorological input from X00D0Q (Refer-since 5.2-2) is shown in Tables 5.2-3 and 5.2-4. Soure: Terms GALE-Gaseous (Reference 3.5-1) output data shown in Table 5.2-2. Democraphy As shown in Table 2.1-2. Usaae Factors Usage f actors used in GASPAR code are listed in Table 5.2-6. Transfer Factors As given in Reference 5.2-7. Dose Factors Dose f actors used in GASPAR code are as listed in Reg. Guide 1.109. Foodstuff Production Within 50 Miles Vegetation (Leafy Vegetables Included) 2.6E+07 kg/yr Milk 1.5E+08 liters /yr Meat 8.9E+06 kg/yr O
) h f J m]b TABLE 5.2-8 ESTIMATED MAXIMUM ANNUAL DOSE TO AN INDIVIDUAL FROM WNP-3 Annual Dose (mrem) to an Adult Annual Ollution lotal Pathway Exposure Location Factor Skin Body GI-tLI Thyroid Bone Liquid Drink ing Water 730 1 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 2.3E-03 2.0E-03 2.1E-02 3.9E-04 Fish 21 kg 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 3.CE-02 2.2E-03 9.4E-03 2.1E-02 Shoreline 12 hr 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 2.3E-05 2.0E-05 2.0E-05 2.0E-05 2.0E-05 Food Products Veget ables 520 kg 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 1.4E-03 1.3E-03 1.3E-03, 1.1E-04 Leafy Vegetation 64 kg 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 1.7E-04 1.6E-04 1.6E-04 1.3E-05 Milk 310 1 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 9.5E-04 7.6E-04 3.4E-03 1.5E-04 Heat 110 kg 2.0 mile downstream 1/1100 2.9E-04 3.0E-04 3.5E-04 1.7E-05 Total Id) 2.3E-05 3.5E-02 6.7E-03 3.6E-02 2.2E-02 l
A,tr Submersion 1. mile N 3. E-06 1.6E-01 5.2E-02 5.2E-02 5.2E-02 5.2E-02 Inh alation 8766h5 8000 m 1.0 mile N 3.0E-06 1.7E-01 1.7E-01 1.7E-01 2.4E-01 2.7E-04 Ground Contanination 8766 hr 1.0 mile N 3.0E-06 5.0E-03 4.3E-03 4.3E-03 4.3E-03 4.3E-03 Food Products Veget ables 520 kg 2.0 mile NW 8.2E-07 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 1.5E-01 1.7E-01 310 1 1.0 mile NNW 2.3E-06 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 4.7E-01 2.2E-01 Cow Milk (b) Inf ant 330 1 1.0 mile NNW 2.3E-06 7.2E-01 7.2E-01 7.2E-01 3.2E+00 1.9E+00 310 1 1.7 mile NE 1.4E-06 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 5.2E-01 1.3E-01 Goat Milt Inf an ttb) 330 1 1.7 mile NE 1.4E-06 6.4E-01 6.4E-01 6.4E-01 2.8E+00 1.2E+00 Meat 110 kg 1.6 mile NNE 2.8E-06 1.0E-01 1.0E-01 1.0E-01 1.2E-01 2.4E-01 Total (a) 7.1E-01 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 1.0E+00 6.9E-01 a) Adult cunulative dose from all pathways, excluding goat milk. (b) Constsnption of goat milk by an inf ant is assumed to be the same as the constanotion of cow milk. L It is also asstsned that inf ant milk consumption is the same as chlid consumption. i
WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-9 ESTIMATED ANNUAL POPULATION DOSES FROM WNP-3 Thyroid Total Body Dose Dose Pathway (thyroid-rem) (man-rem) blC. Submersion 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 Ground Contamination 8.7E-03 8.7E-03 Inhalation 1.5E+00 1.1E+00 Farm Products Milk 2.1E+00 1.0E+00 Meat 1.3E-01 1.2E-01 Vegetation 6.1E-01 4.7E-01 Tota 1: 4.6E+00 2.9E+00 Water Drinkin 1.4E-05 1.1E-06 Fish (a)g Water 6.1E-03 3.1E-02 Water Recreation (b) 4.6E-05 4.6E-05 Farm Products Milk 8.7E-02 2.1E-02 Meat 1.3E-02 1.1E-02 Vegetation (c) 2.8E-02 3.0E-02 Total: 1.3E-01 9.3E-02 (a) Sport and comercial fishing. (b) Shoreline activities, swimming and boating combined. (c) Vegetation and leafy vegetables combined, i l l O
l WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-10 TOTAL BODY DOSES FROM TYPICAL SOURCES OF RADIATION Individual Population Source Dose Dose (mrem) (man-rem) Natural Background Radiation in Vicinity of WNP-3 100 75,580(a) Typical Per Capita Medical Dose in U.S. (G.I. dose) . 72 54,418(a) Transcontinental U.S. Commercial Jet Flight 5 3,779(a) WNP-3 Operation 0.004(b) 3.0(c) J (a) Total 50-mile population of 755,800 in the year 2000 multiplied by average individual doses for this source. (b) Cumulative dose from all pathways in Table 5.2-9 divided by the total population. l (c) Cumulative dose from all pathways in Table 5.2-9. 4 1 O
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UNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.2-11
SUMMARY
OF ANNUAL DOSES App I Individuals WNP-3 10CFR50 Air Pathway Total Body (mrem /yr) 0.6 5 Skin (mrem /yr) 0.7 15 Any Organ (mrem /yr) 1.0 15 Gama Air Dose (mrad /yr) 0.08 10 Beta Air Dose (mrad /yr) 0.2 20 Liquid Pathway Total Body (mrem /yr) 0.035 3 Any Organ (mrem /yr) 0.036 10 Population Total Body, liquid pathway 0.1 man-rem /yr Total Body, gaseous pathway 3.0 man-rem /yr Thyroid, radiciodines and particulates, gaseous pathway 4.6 thyroid-rem /yr l 9
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WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FIGURE I NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 EXPOSURE PATHWAYS TO MAN l OPERATING LICENSE i ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 5.2-2 l l
WNP-3 ER-OL I ,) 5.3 EFFECTS OF LIQUID CHEMICAL AND BIOCIDAL DISCHARGES V The expected impacts of chemical and biocidal discharges at the construction permit stage were presented in the ER-CP in Subsections 5.4.3 and 5.4.4 and in the NRC Final Environmental Statement (FES). Since that time additional water quality data have been collected and are presented in Sections 2.4 and 3.6. The expected chemical releases to the Chehalis River via the cooling tower blowdown are described in Section 3.6 and sumarized in Table 3.6-1. This section covers the effects of such discharges on aquatic life. Table 5.3-1 presents the potential discharge concentrations and changes in concentration of chemical constituents in the Chehalis River at the downstream mixing zone boundary (see Subsection 5.1.1) for the low river flow condi-ti on . ( a l The table shows that the expected discharge concentrations are less than the effluent limitation guidelines (40 CFR Part 423) and the NPDES Permit limitations. An exception is the maximum value for nickel which re-sults primarily from a high concentration (10 99/l) in the makeup water (see Table 3.6-1). A comparison between the present Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) water quality criteria (1,2) and the chemical concentrations at the edge of the mixing zone reveals that all parameters for which criteria exist are less than the criteria with the exception of average values (at 440 cfs river flow) for cadmium, lead and mercury and the maximum value for copper. In regard to the (,.s) concentration of cadmium, lead and mercury, operation of WNP-3 does not in-
'y/ clude the chemical addition of these parameters; however, they may be present due to concentration of the makeup water. Moreover, the average upstream ambient Chehalis River values for these metals may exceed water quality cri-teria (Table 5.3-1). In f act, the concentrations of average cadmium, lead and mercury at the edge of the mixing zone are all less than 0.2 pg/l above ambient levels upstream of the discharge.
5.3.1 Copper Some of the WNP-3 auxiliary heat exchangers (totaling 90,000 sq ft) are made with copper and nickel alloy tubes. Therefore, copper and nickel releases in the discharge come from two sources: the makeup water, and corrosion and/or erosion of the heat-exchange tubes. Copper levels in the Chehalis River up-stream of the intake wells range from 1.0 to 8.0 pg/l(see Section 2.4). The discharge level for copper may range from 21.5 to 61.3 ug/l (Table 5.3-1). The copper concentrations at the edge of the mixing zone are greatly reduced by dilution; the concentration ranges from 3.9 to 13.3 pg/l at the edge of the mixing zone with the river at the very low flow of 440 cfs. l (a) Thermal and chemical dilution studies assumed a once-in-10-yr, 7-day low flow of 440 cfs as reported in Subsection 2.5.1 of the ER-CP. Reanalysis, l including the most recent flow data for the site area, has shown this flow I
'} to be 530 cfs as noted in Subsection 2.4.1.1.
i v 5.3-1
WNP-3 i ER-OL l l A literature review on the biological effeQts of copper in aquatic environ-ments was prepared in 1978 by Chu et.al.(3) In assessing the impacts of chemical discharges the salmonids are the most important species economically and recreationally. A review of copper toxicity data indicates that the salmonids, particularly steelhead/ rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), are among the most sensitive and most frequently tested species.(W Most toxicity studies on salmonids have been performed within the early life stages, ranging from egg to juvenile. However, the discharge plume from the WNP-3 cooling tower blowdown does not intersect any known spawning areas. Theref ore, the discharge is not expected to affect the incubation success of salmonids in the Chehalis River. Nevertheless, the toxicity studies of the early life stages are described below. Shaw and Brown (4) observed that rainbow trout eggs could hatch after fertilization posure level in a solution increased containing time 1000Grande to hatching. ug/l(cQpper; however, 51, in studying thethis ex-effects of copper sulf ate on eggs and fry in the yolk-sac stage for rainbow trout, brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), found that cop-per reduced egg hatening. Furthermore, copper inhibited egg development at about the same concentration that it was toxic to fry--40 to 60 pg/l at 21 days. Concentrations as low as 20 ug/l appeared to have a sublethal effect (i.e., unwillingness to feed) yolk-sac fry, Hazel and Meith(6)In concluded another study that that eggscompared were moreeggs and resistant than fry to the toxic effects of copper. By using a continuous-flow bioassay system and using chinook salmon, the authors reported that copper concentra-tions of 80 ug/l had little effect on the hatching success of eyed eggs; acute toxicity to fry was observed at 40 ug/1, while increased mortality and inhibi-tion of growth was shown at 20 ug/1. Chapman (7), also using a continuous-flow bioassay method, tested the rela-tive resistance to copper, zinc, and cadmium of newly-hatched alevins, swim-up fry, parr and smolts of chinook salmon and steelhead trout. Chapman found that steelhead trout were consistently more sensitive to these metals than were chinook salmon. His results are sunmarized in Table 5.3-2. Finlayson and Verrue(8) determined an 83-day LC10 (lethal concentration to 10 percent alevins of thefry. and swim-up organisms) of 64 by Similar studies ug/l copper and Finlayson for chinook Ashuckiansalmon 91 (eggs, determined a 60-day LC10 of 33 ug/l copper for steelhead trout eggs, alevins and swim-up fry. A number of studies have demonstrated that copper toxicity is related to water hardness and alkalinity. In general co proportional to water hardness (6,10-13).pper toxicity The work is roughly of Lloyd inversely) and Herber2(14 illustrates the relationship between lethality and total hardness or alka-linity (see Figure 5.3-1). When hardness increases over a range of 15 to 320 mg/1, a corresponding increase in the LC50 is observed with rainbow trout and chinook salmon. 5.3-2
WNP-3 ER-OL V Based upon the rapid dilution of the discharge, the minimal increases in cop-per predicted at the edge of the dilution zone, the relative hardness of the river water, and the absence of the early life stages near the discharge, no 1 chronic mortalities are expected. Because juvenile salmonids are not strong swimers, they may be passively , carried through the plume and therefore may be exposed to copper concentra-tions higher than ambient. Assuming the fish are passively carried through ' ( the plume with the downstream velocity (0.7 and 0.3 feet per second at average , and minimum river flow ratesi, they would be exposed to copper concentrations - greater than 1.9 pg/l above Jmoient for less than 6 minutes under low-flow g conditions. Under these conaitions, 20 percent or less of the surface area in the 100 feet downstream of the discharge may have copper concentrations above ambient. Juveniles most likely to be exposed to these concentrations are salmon and steelhead trout migrating downstream. Studies performed on other river systems have sb wn that most 0-age chinook salmon migrating downstream are fo nd plume.16)near Othershore; studies15) however, indicate some migrating may pass juvenile springcenter stream chinook, sock- through th eye trout(Oncorhynchus nerka)inand are more abundant cohowater. deeper salmon (J ." 1J0ncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead A few studies have been performed on short exposures (1-30 minute ' f fish to higher copper concentrations (200 to 1000 99/1). Holland et. al. 0 $ p studied juvenile chinook salmon and reported that, after 24 hours of exposure i to cupric nitrate, 0, 21 and 46 percent mortality occurred st ionic copper concentratjons of 178, 563 and 1,000 pg/1, respectively. Unpublished data by . Chapman (191 indicate that the 90-minute LC 10 for juvenile salmonids ex-posed to copper is approximately forty times the 96-hour LC50 (19.3 99/1), or a total copper concentration of 770 pg/1. Under the most extreme condi-tions, the highest copper concentration predicted for the discharge is 61.3 ug/l (Table 5.3-1). Based on this information, no direct mortality is pre-dicted for salmonids that would passively drift through the WNP-3 discharge l plume. Larger juvenile and adult salmonids have the swimming ability to maintain their position in the river and thus the potential exists for their presence in or near the discharge plume for longer periods (i.e., greater than 2 min-utes). However, avoidance of coppgr by salmonidg hqs been observed in both , laboratory and field situations.gu-22) Chapman (22; observed that eighty percent of the nonacclimated juvenile steelhead trout he tested avMded copper - at 10 to 20 ug/l. Laboratory tests have demonstrated olfactory response of Atlar; tic salmon parr to both copper and zinc in a continuously flowing sys- > tem.t20) Strength of avoidance was measured by the relative length of time in both control waters and waters modified by the metal. An avoidance thres-hold of 2.3 ug/l was estimated for copper; 53 ug/l for zinc; and 0.42 pg/l copper plus 6.1 pg/l of zinc in a mixture. ' The probability of adult salmonids encountering the WNP-3 discharge plume is , i p i low because chinook salmon and steelhead trout naturally migrate shore and would tnereby pass the mid-river discharges una . e to Other
- tracking studies confinn this natural shoreline movement. s 5.3-3 '
s 4i
. , - , ,_ , 4 '
I WNP-3 ER-OL r In addition-to fish, the sessile, benthic biota may be affected by copper dis-charger.
" The maximum area of river bottom potentially exposed to copper con-centrations greater than or equal to 1.9 ug/l above ambient is approximately
,t 5,000 square feet (50 ft wide by 100 ft long = 0.1 acres). Resistant orga-
' nisms can be expected to survive within this area, but the more sensititive will not be protected. However, the 0.1 acres potentially impacted is a rela-
~
tisely small area compared to the total available habitat within the Chehalis
. River. Censequently, such a change should have no measurable effect on the abdndancy and composition of benthic organisms.
i N.3.2
' i Nickel r . s
- f. The7 concentration of nickel discharged from WNP-3 may range from 18.6 to 74 up/) (see Table 5.3-1). As a result of dilution, the concentrations at the s
' edge of the ,miaing zone are reduced to 2.7 to 20.0 ug/1 Limited data exist 5
,for' thq biolopcal effects of nickel in aquatic environments. Anderson et.
31.(49 , using rainbev trout, found that the 96-hour LC 50 for nickel 1 raged f rom '22,000 to 24,000 ug/l nd
, trations from 4,000 to 8,500 ug/1. 30)that zero $ortality Hale,(31 occurredtrout, using rainbow at concen-found }h 50 for nickel nitrate was 35,500 ug/1. Brown and Dalton (34;aQthe96-hourLC 1 found, for nickel sulf ate in hard groundwater (total hardness =
L 240 mg/1), that. tha 48-hour LC 50 to juvenile rainbow trout was 32,000 ug/1. It; is uniikel,i that nickel discharged from WNP-3 will have any measurable impcct becaus- the nickel concentrations and duration of exposure are less than 'those reported to have any direct lethal effect. 5.3.3 - Chlorine
. Chlorine from sodium hypochlorite) is the biocide used in the treatment of theWP-3 circulating whter. As described in Subsection 3.6.4, a dechlorina-tion system is used to remove residual chlorine. The fresh criteria for total residual chlorine (TRC) is 0.002 mg/1.(1) water Withquality a river flow of 440: cfs and a discharge less than 0.05 mg/l (detectable level), the TRC concentration in the plume will be reduced to 0.002 mg/l in 22 minutes at a distance'400 -f eat downstream from the discharge. Figure 5.3-2, adapted from
'. Mattice' arid'Zif te3(33), shows that all aquatic life traveling through the
; plume will.be prctected.
1 The arso of the rive
- bottom potentially exposed to chlorine concentrations
. greatei than p.002 mg/l is approximately 0.5 acres. In this area, not all berthic organisms will be protected, although the more resistant organisms can
.be expected: o survive. Also, this area is small relative to the total Mathic habjtat and trerefore the aquatic community will not be adversely
.'S affected. .'
,5.3.4 iulfstes
, i
' Sulf ates occs in the WNP-3 discharge as a result of concentration of river water, decMorination with sulfur dioxide, and the use of sulfuric acid to regenerate ion exchange resins and to neutralize alkaline water. Sulfate 5.3-4 A
i e
, q
- 1
- i e
WNP-3 ER-OL j concentrations in the Chehalis River average 4.0 mg/l with maximums near i 5 mg/l (Table 5.3-1). At the edge of the mixing zone, mum sulfate levels j are estimated to be about 60 mg/1. Becker and Thatcher have compiled data on the toxicity of certain sulf ates to aquatic life, and state that sulfates exhibit per toxicity to aquatic organisms. Based on comparison of research to date(j*1 and the expected WNP-3 mixing zone concentrations, no
- significant impact on Chehalis River biota is predicted.
4 ] O J i f r 1 5.3-5 l
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 5.3
- 1. Quality Criteria for Water, Office of Water and Hazardous Materials, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C., 1976, 256 pp.
- 2. " Environmental Protection Agency Water Quality Criteria Documents,"
Federal Register, 45(231):79318-79379, November 28, 1980.
- 3. Chu, A.,
T. A. Thayer, B. W. Floyd, D. F. Unites and J. F. Roetzer, Copper in the Acuatic Environment: A Literature Review for Washinoton Public Power Supply System, Envirosphere Company, Bellevue, Washington, 1978, 179 p .
- 4. Shaw, T. L. and V. M. Brown, " Heavy Metals and the Fertilization of Rainbow Trout Eggs," Nature, 230(5291):251,1971.
E. Grande, M., " Effects of Copper and Zinc on Salmonid Fishes," In: Advances in Water Pollution lesearch, 1:97-111, Water Pollution Control Federation, Washington, D. C.,1967.
- 6. Hazel, C. R. and S. J. F.eith, " Bioassay of King Salmon Eggs and Sac Fry in Copper Solutions," California Fish and Game, 56(2):121-124,1970.
- 7. Chapman, G. A., " Toxicities of Cadmium, Copper, and Zinc to Four Juvenile Stages of Chinook Salmon and Steelhead," Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 107(6):841-847, 1978.
- 8. Finlayson, B. J. and K. M. Verrue, " Estimated Safe Zinc and Copper Levels for Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Upper Sacramento River, California," Calif ornia Fish and Game, 66(2):68-82, 1980.
9 Finlayson, B. J. and S. H. Ashuckian, " Safe Zinc and Copper Levels from the Spring Creek Drainage for Steelhead Trout in the Upper Sacremento
- River, Cal.f ornia," California Fish and Game, 65(2)
- 80-99,1979.
- 10. Holland, G. A., J. E. Lasater, E. D. Newmann and W. E. Eldridge, Toxic Effects of Oroanic Pollutants on Youno Salmon and Trout, Research Bulletin No. 5, State of Washington, Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington, 1960, 264 pp.
- 11. Lorz, H. W. and McPherson, B. P., "Effect of Copper or Zinc in Freshwater on the Adaptation to Seawater and Atpase Activity, and the Effects of Copper on Migratory Disposition of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch),"
J. Fish. Res. Board of Canada, 33:2023-2030, 1976.
- 12. Calamari, D. and R. Marchetti, "The Toxicity of Mixtures of Metals and Surf actants to Rainbow Trout (Salmo cairdneri Rich.)," Water Research, 7:1453-1464, 1973.
5.3-6
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 5.3 (contd.)
- 13. Howarth, R. S. and J. B. Sprague, " Copper Lethality to Rainbow Trout in Waters of Various Hardness and pH," Water Research, 12:455-462, 1978.
- 14. Lloyd, R. and N. M. Herbert, "The Effect of the Environment on the Toxicity of Poisons to Fish," T. Inst. Public Health Eng., 132-143, 1962.
- 15. Mains, E. M. and J. M. Smith, "The Distribution, Size, Time and Current Preferences of Seaward Migrant Chinook Salmon in the Columbia and Snake Rivers," Fisheries Research Papers, 2:5-43, Washington State Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington,1964.
- 16. Coutant, C. C., Effects of Themal Shock on Vulnerability to Predation in Juvenile Salmonids, Single Shock Temperatures, BNWL-1521, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington,1969,
- 17. Mcdonald, J., "The Behavior of Pacific Salmon Fry During Their Downstream Migration to Freshwater and Saltwater Nursery Areas," J. Fich. Res. Board of Canada, 17(5):655-676, 1960.
- 18. Becker, C. D., Temperature Timing and Seaward Migration of Juvenile Chinook Salmon from the Central Columbia River, BNWL-1472, Battelle, A) Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington,1970.
19. Personal Communication, J.E. Mudge, Supply System, with Dr. G. A. Chapman, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Fish Toxicology Station, Corvallis, Oregon, February 14, 1980.
- 20. Sprague, J. B., " Avoidance of Copper-Zine Solutions by Young Salmon in the Laboratory," Journ. Water Pollution Control Federation, 36:990-1004, 1964.
- 21. Sprague, J. B. and R. L. Saunders, " Avoidance of Sublethal Mining Pollution by Atlantic Salmon," In: Proc. 10th Ontario Industrial Waste Conference, Ontario Water Research Commission, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 221 pp .
- 22. Chapman, G. A., " Toxicological Consideration of Heavy Metals in the Aquatic Environment," In: Toxic Materials in the Aquatic Environment, pp. 69-77, Water Resources Research Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 1978.
- 23. Thorne, R. E., R. B. Grosvenor, and R. L. Fairbanks, Chehalis River Ultrasonic Fish Tracking Studies in the Vicinity of Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Projects Nos. 3 & 5, Envirosphere Co.,
l Bellevue, Washington,1978. o) 5.3-7
WNP-3 ER-OL References for Section 5.3 (contd.)
- 24. Coutant, C. C., " Behavior of Adult Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Trout Migrating Past Hanford Thermal Discharges," In: Pacific Northwest Laboratory Annual Report for 1967, Vol. 1, Biolooical Sciences, BNWL-714, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington,1968.
- 25. Coutant, C. C., " Behavior of Sonic-Tagged Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Trout Migrating Past Hanford Thermal Discharges," In: Pacific Northwest Laboratory Annual Report for 1968, Vol.1, Pt. 2,15 pp., BNWL-1050, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richlano, Washington,1969.
- 26. Coutant, C. C., Behavior of Ultrasonic Tagoed Chinook Salmon and Steelhead Trout Migrating Past Hanford Thermal Discharaes (1967),
BNWL-1530, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington, 1970,15 pp. 27 . Monan, G. E., K. L. Liscom and J. K. Smith, Final Report, Sonic Tracking of Adult Steelhead in Ice Harbor Reservoir 1969, Biological Laboratory hureau Connercial Fisheries, Seattle, Washington, 1970, 13 pp.
- 28. Falter, C. M. and R. R. Ringe, Pollution Effects on Adult Steelhead Migration in the Snake River, EPA-660/3-73-017, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974, 100 pp.
- 29. Anderson, D. R., S. A. Barraclough, C. D. Becker, T. J. Connors, R. G.
Genoway, M. J. Schneider, K. O. Schwarzmiller and M. L. Wolford, "The Combined Effects of Nickel, Chlorine and Temperature in Rainbow Trout and Coho Salmon," In: Pacific Northwest Laboratory Annual Report for 1976,
- p. 7.38, BNWL-2100 Pt. 2, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, Washington,1977.
- 30. Anderson, D. R., C. D. Becker, and M. J. Schneider, "The Combined Effects of Nickel, Chlorine and Temperature on Rainbow Trout and Coho Salmon,"
In: Pacific Northwest Laboratory Annual Report for 1977, p. 7.14, PNL-2500, Pt. 2, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, WA, 1978. , 31. Hale, J. G., " Toxicity of Metal Mining Wastes", Bulletin Environmental l Contamination and Toxicolody, 17:66, 1977.
- 32. Brown, V. M. and R. A. Dalton, "The Acute Lethal Toxicity to Rainbow l Trout of Mixtures of Copper, Phenol, Zinc and Nickel," J. Fish Biology, l 2:211-216, 1970.
- 33. Mattice, J. S. and H. E. Zittel, " Site Specific Evaluation of Power Plant Chlorination," Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 48(10):2284-2308, 1976.
5.3-8
l 2 WNP-3 ER-OL j References for Section 5.3 (contd.) i j
- 34. Becker, C. D. and T. O. Thatcher, Toxicity of Power Plant Chemicals to i Aquatic Life, Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, Richland, l Washington, 1973, 221 pp.
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(~ (n )~ V W -3 (V) ER-OL TABLE 5.3-1 POTENTIAL CHANGE IN CHEHALIS RIVER WATER QUALITY RESULTING FROM WNP-3 DISCHARGES (a) Edge of Mixing Zone Effluent (b) Water River Ambient Discharge (c) Ave Max Ave (River 9 440 cfs) Limitations Quality Criteria Max Ave Max Ave Chemical in ppm - - - - - - - Max Ave Max Calc ium 6.6 8.4 72.0 97.1 13.1 Magnesium 17.3 1.9 2.4 25.8 35.4 4.3 5.7 Sodium 4.4 5.4 36.0 . 164 7.6 21.3 Potassium 0.55 0.76 4.08 5.67 Chloride 0.90 1.25 5.6 7.9 25.2 31.7 7.6 10.3 Fluoride -- -- 0.68 0.90 Sulfate 4.0 5.1 300 560 33.6 60.6 Phosphorus 0.039 0.073 0.85 1.66 0.12 0.23 5.0 5.0 Anunonia N 0.016 0.026 0.08 0.19 0.02 0.04 N01 and NO2 -N 0.63 1.15 3.06 4.01 0.87 1.44 Oli and Grease 2.5 14.0 < 1. 0 < 1.0 2.3 12.7 T.R. Chlorine -- --
< 0.05 Alkalinity (as CACO 28 38 0.005 0.05 0.002 76 86 33 43 Hardness TDS (as 3CACO29)3) 38 324 360 58 70 i
75 89 1150 1356 182.5 TSS 216 18 370 6 8 16.8 l pil 334 7.0 7.5 7.1 8.5 i 6.5-8.5 l Metals in ppb l Birium 10.0 22.0 24.0 78.2 11.4 Cadalum < 0.1 27.6 0.5 0.6 1.4 0.2 0.6 I Chromium 1.2 10.8 23.1 28.4 0.007 1.0 Copper 3.4 12.6 100 2.0 8.0 21.3 61.3 3.9 13.3 Iron 860 30 65 5.6 8.5 7400 183 665 792 6726 Lead 4.0 36.0 1000
< 6.0 7.5 4.2 33.1 Manganese 29.0 80.0 8.2 27.8 27.0 0.2 49.5 Mercury 74.8 0.4 1.3 1.2 4.5 0.5 1.6 Nickel 1.0 14.0 18.6 74.1 2.7 0.2 4.1 Zinc < 5.0 20.0 65 36 849 37.0 31.2 56.9 7.6 39.0 75 47 138 a
(b)'From I
,i EPA Complied from EfEnvironmental 1980 fluent Guidelines i,c? References 5.3-1 and 5.3-2 (40 CFR Monitoring Program (ReferencePart 2.2-4) 423) and or WNP-3 1980-1981 NPOES Metals MonitoringPermit (see Appendix Program (Reference 2.4-6) A) !
O O O WNP-3 ER-OL TABLE 5.3-2 LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF COPPER AND ZINC FOR VARIOUS LIFE STAGES OF STEELHEAD TROUT AND CHIN 0OK SALMON (a) Copper (ug/l) Zinc (ug/l) LC50 LC10 LC50 LC10 Species Life Stage 96 hr 200 hr 200 hr 96 hr 200 hr 200 hr Steelhead Trout Alevin 28 26 19 815 555 256 Swim-up 17 17 9 93 93 54 Parr 18 15 8 136 120 61 Smolt 29 21 7 651 278 84 Chinook Salmon Alevin 26 20 15 661 661 364-661 Swim-up 19 19 14 97 97 68 l Parr 38 30 17 463 395 268 l Smolt 26 26 18 701 367 170 l l (a)From Reference 5.3-7 1
{ 1.0 = A 48 hr. LC50. RAINBOW TROUT (T. HARD.) B - 48 hr. LC50. CHINOOK SALMON (T. HARD.) C 96 hr. LC50. CHINOOK SALMON (T. HARD) D - 96 hr. LC50. CHINOOK SALMOLN (T. ALK.) 0.5 = g 0.3 - cm E D o 0.2 - B m 3 cc C E o. O 0.1 - 0 0.05 O 0.03 - 0.02 - 0.01 ' ' ' ' ' 8 8 20 30 50 100 200 300 500 TOTAL HARDNESS OR ALKALINITY (mg/l CACO 3) Source: Reference 5.3-14 WASHINGTON PUBLIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FIGURE
""CL "" " RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HARDNESS OR ape AT N L ENSE ALKALINITY AND COPPER T0XICITY ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 5.3-1
100.0 i , , , , , A = Acute Toxicity Threshold C = Chronic Toxicity Threshold 10.0 - Ecn 5. m 3 r o J 1.0 - I O J "3 Q g .1 - m A m _J 0 w l
.01 - -
C
.001 - -
t i i i i 10.0 100.0 1,000 10,000 100,000 DURATION OF EXPOSURE (minutes) l r
~
WASHINGTON PUBLIC l l POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM T0XICITY OF CHLORINE TO FIGURE NUCLEAR PROJECT No. 3 FRESHWATER ORGANISMS OPERATING LICENSE ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 5.3-2
WNP-3 ER-OL i 5.4 ' O EFFECTS OF SANITARY WASTE DISCHARGES The extended aeration-activated sludge unit described in Subsection 3.7.1 removes about 85 percent of the influent BOD and 95 percent of the influ-ent suspended solids. The effluent to the drainfield averages b, tween 10 and 20 mg/l for both B0D and suspended solids. During construction the effluent flow averages about 35,000 gallons per day. During normal operation the effluent is expected to range from 5,000 to 10,000 gpd so that only the 20,000 gpd capacity unit will be operated. Disposal of the sewage plant effluent to the ground (i.e., drainfield) has proven envi-ronmentally acceptable and effective during the construction phase. This mode of disposal is also planned for the operation phase with the lower flows noted above. However, the option of discharging the effluent to the Chehalis Permit RiverA). (Appendix via the blowdown line has been retained in the NPDES Though disposal by this route is not anticipated, the sewage effluent diluted with the cooling system blowdown would have no discernible effect on aquatic biota or future uses of the water resource. O 5.4-1
WNP-3 ER-OL 5.5 EFFECTS OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM As discussed in Section 3.9, only two short transmission lines will be required to tie in the plant with the regional BPA transmission network, the environmental effects of which have been evaluated by BPA. One will be a 500kV line from the main transformer bank to the 500kV bus in the Satsop substation, the other a 230kV line between the Satsop substation 230kV bus and the 230kV bus at the plant to which the three standby trans-formers are connected. The two lines are entirely within the project site boundaries and the right-of-way passes through the area cleared for lay-down and construction activities. As described in Section 3.9, the lines are remote from areas frequented by the public and operation of these line will have no significant effects on the people or natural resources of the area. i O 5.5-1 l
WNP-3 l ER-OL l 5.6 OTHER EFFECTS 3
- The makeup water intake system described in Subsection 3.4.5 uses subsur-face horizontal collectors. As noted in Subsection 2.4.2, replenishment is mostly from the river. Drawdown, at distances from the wells, has
' been estimated from preliminary pump tests (see Subsection 6.1.2) the results of which are detailed in Subsection 2.4.13 of the WNP-3 Final Safety Analysis Report. These studies project drawdowns of less than two i feet at the nearest offsite wells}}