ML20040C850

Affidavit of B Franke Opposing Summary Disposition of Oneill Contention Iif.Radiation Dose to Man Grossly Underestimated Because Figures Recommended by NRC Have Been Derived in Scientifically Questionable Manner

ML20040C850
Person / Time
Site:	Big Rock Point File:Consumers Energy icon.png
Issue date:	01/18/1982
From:	Franke B BIER, MILLS, CHRISTA-MARIA, ET AL, GERMANY, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF
To:
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ML20040C851	List: ML20040C850 ML20040C853
References
NUDOCS 8201290307
Download: ML20040C850 (10)

Text

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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION ATOMIC SAFETY AND LICENSING BOARD

'82 m g u'

In The Matter of h

E CONSUMERS POWER COMPANY Docket No. 50-155

} (Spent Fuel Pool Modification)

(Big Rock Point Nuclear Plant

)

AFFIDAVIT IN OPPOSITION TO SUMMARf DISPOSITION Bernd Franke, being duly sworn, deposes and says:

I submit this affidavit in opposition to summary disposition

,'Neill Contention IIF, as follows:

0 Because of the expansion of the spent fuel pool, routine releases, and accidental EECgWED 3 releases similar to those that have already g

occurred, of effluents will no longer meet i

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the Guidlines of Appendix I, Sections II i

4 and IV of 10 C.F.R. Part 50 because, in 6

vij* h sg u eM mc violation of Appendix I,Section II A, f

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the required calculations do not estimate bioaccumulation factors:in a manner appro-gg,\\p priate to this site.

My quali.fications as an expert on this issue are summarized at the end hereof and set forth in detail in the attached curriculumvitai.

1.

Releases of Radioactive Material Due To Spent Fuel S to ra g e At Big Rock NPP Storage of spent fuel leads to additional rcleases of radioactive material into the air and water.

The testimony of Roger W. Sindeman only covered the radionuclides Kr 85 and I 129.

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~ l These two radionuclides, however, are only part of the problem.

Due to corrosion of the fuel rods in the course of time, and a certain amount of fuel rods routinely having leaks, significar.t amounts of Mn 54, Fe 55, Co 60, Cs 134, Cs 137, Sr 90, Ce 144, Pu 239 and other radionuclides will be released into the pool water and subsequently be released by volatization processes.

Even when the discharge limits would not be exceeded, the prob-ability of reaching the limits would be higher.

Furthermore as the radiologica? model in US NRC guide 1.109 is un deres tima ti n g radiation doses, compliance of limits with does standards is not guaranteed.

(See attached paper #1, presented at the AAAS Symposium 1982).

2.

Bioaccumulation Factors Mr.

R.M.

Sinderman presents only site specific bioaccumu-lation factors for freshwater fish.

Although the measured bio-accumulation factor for the most important radionuclides of Co.

and Cs, measured valures are significantly higher than the values in USNRC guide 1.109, no corrected calculationi of radia-tion doeses is presented.

In the case of accumulation of radio-active Cobalt (Co 58 and Co 60), no consideration is given to the fact that a great part of Cobalt is built into vitamin B

in fish.

This could lead to radiation doeses more than a 12 factor 1,000 higher than calculated.

(See attached paper #2, presented at IAEA Symposium in Vienna, 1979).

As pointed out in Sinderman's testimony, no site specific bioaccumulation f actors (Synonomous: transfer factors) are taken into account for vegetables (direct consumption)

-0

-grass (consumption by animals)'

-milk

-meat 3.

Radiation Doses As shown in attached papers Nos. 1, 2, and 3, the values recommended by USNRC in guide 1.109 are in many instances very weak guarantees.

Therefore strickly assured compliance with these standards is necessary to prevent excess exposure and health dangers to the public.

As shown'in page number l table 6 and figure 7 in the example of Iodine (3), a release of 0.3 Ci I 131 can easily lead to excesses of radiation doses according to West Germany dose standards.

Corrected for slightly higher atmospheric dispension at the Big Rock site compared to the example (X/D 4.4.10-7 Sec/m3 (Big Rock) vs. X/D=7.10-7( WYHL}, the average atmospheric concentration of I 131 will be 2.5 times higher at Big Rock than at WYHL.

As the U.S.

thyroid dose standards are at the same time 6 times lower than-in West Germany, this leads to a 15 times increased probability of exceeding dose standards.

AS shown in pages #41, current environmental moni-toring might not ensure the detection of the excess.

This is also the case for most other radionuclides.

4.

Conclusions As shown in the pages, there is an obvious disparity between the officially recommended coefficient and experimental data.

This can be attributed to the fact that the figures recommended by the NRC (and used by Sinderman) have in some

cases been derived in a scientifically questionable way and fail to take into account all relevant influences.

Thus, the above discussion reveals that the radiation dose'to man a has previously been grossley underestimated.

The introduction of the US Regulatory Guide.l.109 states "the use of site-specific values by the applicant is encouraged."

This admonition should be carried out for all others relevant pathways besides fish consumption in the case of Big Rock NPP.

Unless these are measured and an analysis regarding all problematic points for individual radiation doses of pages #

1, #2, #3 (e.g. the doses to special groups at risk like the fetus, ill and old people) is carried out, compliance of radioactivity releases with regulatory dose radiactivity cannot be verified.

Thus, the additional releases from spent fuel storage increase substantially the potential that radia-tion doses to individuals in the vicinity of the Big Rock Point are higher than the limi ts.

Besides the doses due to routine releases, the spent fuel storage increases the accident potential of the plant.

Because of the large amount of long-lived highly radiotoxic j

material.

This question should be regarded in detail.

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My qualifications are as follows:

I am ' senior researcher at Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Germany.

11y trai ning i s '

in biology and geography.

I have a degree known as Staatsexamen,

'the equivelant of a Masters Degree in the United. States, and am currently completing my doctorate at Bremen University in radio-ecology.

I have done several studies on radioecology for the licensing board on nuclear power of the State of Hesse, including radionuclide update of plants and animals.

I have just delivered a paper at the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting on Radiation Exposure and Health -Damage Due to Nuclear Power Production.

My curriculum vitae and publication list are attached

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Bernd Frinke

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Sworn to before me this 18th day of January,1982

'9?kMGiuf 0/A?hH U NOTARY PUBLIC My Commission Expires:

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Bernd Franke, graduate biologist IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.

Im Sand 5 6900 Heidelberg Federal Republic of Germany phone (06221) 12956 or 10101 Curriculum Vitae 1971 Abitur 1972-1978 stud'y of Biology and Geography at the University of Marburg and at the University of Heidelberg 1978 Staatsexamen in Biology and Geography, graduate work on plant nutrition 1978-1979 scientific research on radioecology of the proposed reprocessing plant at Gorleben for the Department of Social Affairs, State of Lower Saxony, Federal Republic of Germany 1979-1981 Member of the Senior Research Staff of the IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V. (Institute for Energy and Environ-mental Research): participation in various projects on radioecology and nuclear accident consequences and related topics (see attached publication list) since 1981 Project Director at the Institute for the " Risk Orientated Study of the Fast Breeder Reactor SNR-300 at Kalkar - Environmental Impacts of Accidents", for the Federal Department of Research and Technology

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1. Bruland,W.; Erhard,T.; Franke,B.; Grupp,H.; v.d.Lieth,C.W.; Matthis,P.;

Moroni,W.;'Ratka,R; v.d. Sand,H.; Sonnhof,U.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B.;

Teufel,0.; Ulfert,G; Weber, T.; " Radio 0kologisches Gutachten zum Kernkraft-werk Wyhl", Tutorium Umweltschutz an der Universit8t Heidelberg, Mai 1978,

2. Aufl. Juli 1978 englische Obersetzung: "Radioccological Assessment of the Wyhl Nuclear Power Plant", Department of Environmental Protection of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, May 1978, revised July 1979; NRC Translation 520 (available from Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, D.C.)

2. Bruland,W.; Erhard,T.; Franke,8.; v.d.Lieth, C.W., Moroni,W.; Ratka,R.;

v.d. Sand,H.; Sonnhof,U.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B; Teufel,0; Weber,T.;

"Gutachten Uber die zu erwartende Strahlenbelastung durcn den Verzehr kon-tu:4inierter Nahrungsmittel in der Umgebung des geplanten Kernkraftwerks Grohnde; Heidelberg, August 1978 J

3. Franke,B. ; Ratka,R. ; v.d. Sand,H. ;"Zur Abschstzung des Transfers von Radio-nukliden aus dem Boden in Pflanzen"; Modellstudie Radio 0kologie Biblis Bd.9; im Auftrag des Hessischen Ministers fur Wirtschaft und Technik durch das IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung e.V.; Wiesbadenz Msrz 1980

4. Franke,B; H0pfner,U.; "Zur AbschHtzung des Transfers von Radionukliden aus dem Futter in tierische Nahrungsmittel (Fleisch)"; Modellstudie Radio 0kologie Biblis Bd.9; im Auftrag des Hessischen Ministers fur Wirtschaft und Technik durch das IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.;

Wiesbaden, Msrz 1980

5. Teufel,0; Steinhilber-Schwab,B; H0pfner,U; Ratka,R.; v.d. Sand,H; Franke,B.;

" Transfer von Radionukliden vom Boden in Pflanzen, Zwischenbericht: Zum Ein-flus verschiedener Parameter auf den Transfer von C8sium und Strontium vom Boden in BlattgemUse, Kartoffeln und Klee", Untersuchungen zu dem Gutachten "Regionalwirtschaftliche und Okologische Auswirkungen des geplanten Nuklearen Entsorgungszentrums bei Gorleben NEZ" im Auftrag des Niedersschsischen Minis-ters fur Soziales; Heidelberg, Msrz 1979

6. Franke,B. ; Hupfner,U. ; Ratka,R. ; Steinhilber-Schwab,B. ; v.d. Sand,H. ; Teufel,D. ;

"Zur Verwendung von Fallout-Messungen fur radio 0kologische Berechnungen";

Untersuchungen zu dem Gutachten "Regionalwirtschaftliche und Ukologische Aus-wirkungen des geplanten Nuklearen Entsorgungszentrums Dei Gorleben NEZ" im Auftrag des NiedersEchsischen Ministers fur Soziales; Heidelberg, Msrz 1979

7. Bruland,W.; Franke,B.; Teufel,D.;" Transfer of organically bound radionuclides "I

through food chains to man: model-example with radiocobalt and vitamin B12 International Symposium on Biological Implications of Radionuclides Released from the Nuclear Industries, IAEA-SM-237/17, Wien, 26.-30.03.1979

8. Franke,B. ; Kruger,E. ; Steinhi.lber-Schwab,B.; Teufel,D. ;"Strahlenbelastung der Bev0lkerung durch radioaktive Emissionen aus kerntechnischen Anlagen";

Symposium "Probleme der Energieversorgung", Ruhr-Universitst Bochum, 26.-28.10.79

9. Gubernator,K. ; Moroni,W. ; Munder,S. ; Franke,B. ; Ruske,B. ; Teufel,D. ;

"Zur Problematik der Thalliumverseuchung in der Umgebung von Zementwerken";

Tutorium Umweltschutz Heidelberg und IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umwelt-forschung Heidelberg e.V.; Heidelberg, Oktober 1979 (2.Aufl.)

10. Franke,B. ; Kruger,E. ; Steinhilber-Schwab,B. ; Teufel,P. ; "Emissionen aus Nuklear-anlagen: Radioaktive.Strahlenbelastung"; Wissenschaft aktuell, Wien, ?(1980)39-47

11. Franke,B.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B. ; Teufel,0. ;"Wie hoch ist die Strahlenbelastung durch die At6menergienutzung?"; Demokratisches Gesundheitswesen Nr.3, 1980,21-23

12. Bussian,B.M. ; Franke,B. ; Hoffmann,M. ; v.d. Lieth,C.W. ; Matthis,P. ; Pohiner,W. ;

"Studie Uber die Auswirkungen mittlerer und schwerer UnfNile im AKW Grohnde fur die Bev51kerung und das Gebiet der Stadt Hameln"; Auftrag der Stadt Hameln an das IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.;

e Heidelberg, Januar 1980

13. Franke,B.;"Strahlenbelastung durch Normalbetrieb und mittlere UnfHile im AKW Grohnde - Berechnungen fur das Grundstuck Lohmann"; IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.; Heidelterg, Januar 1980 (Ergsnzung Febr.1980)

14. Franke,B.; "Gutachterliche Stellungnahme zur Strahlenbelastung durch den'Verzehr Radioaktiv verseuchter Fische aus der Weser bei Hameln"; IFEU-Institut fur Ener-gie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.; Februar 1980

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15. Teufel,0.; Franke,B.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B.; "Beantwortung des Fragenkatalogs zum Themenkreis Radio 0kologie der Enquete-Kommission 'Zukunftige Kernenergie-Politik' des Deutschen Bundestages", Heidelberg, MHrz 1980 in: Materialband 1 zum Bericht der Kommission (Drucksache 8/4341) sowie als IFEU-Bericht Nr.9, Heidelberg, Oktober 1980

16. Franke,B.; Teufel,0.;" Radiation Exposure due to Venting TMI-2 Reactor Building Atmosphere"; A study prepared by the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Heidelberg, for the Three Mile Island Legal Fund, Washington,D.C.;

Heidelberg, June 12, 1980

17. Franke,B.; "Effecten van straling in het milieu"; in: Risico's van lage stralingsdoses - versalg van een internationale hearing, gehouden op 31 oktober 1979 te Vlissingen; IMG0 regionale ontwikkeling, Middelburg,NL, 1980

18. Franke,B. ; Grupp,H. ; Steinhilber-Schwab,B. ; Teufel,D. ;"Stellungnahme zu

' Staff Review of 'Padioecological Assessment of the Wyhl Nuclear Power Plant

(Draft NUREG-0668) der U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Juni 1980)";

IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.; Heidelberg, Oktober 1980

19. Franke,B.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B.; Teufel,D.; "Gesundheitsrisiko durch Atom-energienutzung im Vergleich zur naturlichen Strahlenbelastung und zu Risiken anderer Energiequellen"; in: Unsere tHgliche Gesundheit, Industriegesellschaft udn Krankheit; Hg. v. Norbert Opitz; Berlin-West; Verlagsgesellschaft Gesund-heit,1981 (Dokumentation des Gesundheitstages Berlin 1980, Bd. 3), S. 64-87

20. Franke,B.; "Strahlenbelastung unter der Lupe"; Natur und Umwelt 1/1981, S.6-7

21. Franke,B.; "Strahlenbelastung durch Zwischenlager", in:

...auch keine Zwischen10 sung!, Probleme und Risiken der "Zwischenlagerung von AtommUll",

Tagungsbericht des AtommUllzwischenlager-Hearings in Ahaus am 13./14.09.1980; UKO-Bericht, BBU-Informationen, S. 57-63

22. Franke,B.; K0 ster,P.; " Die Arbeitsgemeisnschaft Ukologischer Forschungsinstitute (AGDF)"; UNI-Berufswahlmagazin 5(4),1981,13-14 i

4 f

23. Tranke,8.; Steinhilber-Schwab,B.; "Studie Uber die Folgen von Unf'llen a

im Kernkraftwerk Grafenrheinfeld fur die Stadt Schweinfurt", Auftrag der Stadt Schweinfurt an das IFEU-Institut fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.; Heidelberg, Juni 1981 (IFEU-Bericht Nr. 14)

24. Franke,B.; Ratka,R.; v.d. Sand,H.; "Parameteranalysen zum Radionuklidtransfer Boden-Pflanze"; Sicherheit in Chemie und Umwelt d l47) k&. (

25. Franke,B. ; Loeben,S. ; Schott,U. ; Teufel,D. ; "Gesundheitsschsden _ bei der Energieerzeugung";SicherheitinChemieundUmwelt!M/H)475 f

26. Franke,B. ; Grundweber,H. ; Ratka,R. ; v.d. Sand,H. ; Sonnhof,U. ; Steinhilber-Schwab,B.; Teufel,0.; Borsche,L.; Hanske,B.; " Radio 0kologische Studie zum Uranbergbau"; IFEU-Institut' fur Energie-und Umweltforschung Heidelberg e.V.;

Heidelberg, August 1978 1

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